Product version Darrell R. Abernethy Elizabeth Blair Izabela Birsanescu Keith Burkhart Luca Toldo Mathias Brochhausen Sydni Joubran "Asiyah" Yu Lin Abra Guo Barry Smith Bingjian Yang David Ameriguian Desikan Jagannathan Edison Ong Jessica DeGuise Jiangan "Hardy" Xie Jiangan Xie Kelly Yang Kevin Mo Ling Wan Liwei Wang Meiu Wong Noemi Garg Qingping Liu Qiuyue Yang Rebecca Racz Shelley Zhang Sirarat Sarntivijai Sydni Joubran Yongqun "Oliver" He (YH) Zuoshuang "Allen" Xiang 2022-8-15 The Ontology of Adverse Eventsy (OAE) is a biomedical ontology in the domain of adverse events. OAE aims to standardize adverse event annotation, integrate various adverse event data, and support computer-assisted reasoning. OAE is a community-based ontology. Its development follows the OBO Foundry principles. Vaccine adverse events have been used as an initial testing use case. OAE also studies adverse events associated with the administration of drug and nutritional products, the operation of surgeries, and the usage of medical devices, etc. OWL-DL An ontology for the annotation of the adverse event domain. OAE: Ontology of Adverse Events 1.2.47 Relates an entity in the ontology to the name of the variable that is used to represent it in the code that generates the BFO OWL file from the lispy specification. Really of interest to developers only BFO OWL specification label BFO OWL specification label Relates an entity in the ontology to the term that is used to represent it in the the CLIF specification of BFO2 Person:Alan Ruttenberg Really of interest to developers only BFO CLIF specification label BFO CLIF specification label editor preferred label editor preferred label editor preferred term editor preferred term editor preferred term~editor preferred label The concise, meaningful, and human-friendly name for a class or property preferred by the ontology developers. (US-English) PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> editor preferred label editor preferred label editor preferred term editor preferred term editor preferred term~editor preferred label example A phrase describing how a term should be used and/or a citation to a work which uses it. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding, such as widely know prototypes or instances of a class, or cases where a relation is said to hold. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> example of usage example of usage has curation status PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Bill Bug PERSON:Melanie Courtot OBI_0000281 has curation status has curation status definition definition textual definition The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. 2012-04-05: Barry Smith The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible. Can you fix to something like: A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property. Alan Ruttenberg Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria. On the specifics of the proposed definition: We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition. Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable. We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> definition definition textual definition editor note An administrative note intended for its editor. It may not be included in the publication version of the ontology, so it should contain nothing necessary for end users to understand the ontology. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obfoundry.org/obo/obi> IAO:0000116 uberon editor_note 1 editor_note editor note editor note term editor Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people 20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See http://code.google.com/p/information-artifact-ontology/issues/detail?id=115. 20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/115. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> definition editor term editor term editor alternative term An alternative name for a class or property which means the same thing as the preferred name (semantically equivalent) PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> alternative term alternative term definition source formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007 PERSON:Daniel Schober Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> definition source definition source curator note An administrative note of use for a curator but of no use for a user PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg IAO:0000232 uberon curator_notes 1 curator_notes curator note curator note curator notes imported from For external terms/classes, the ontology from which the term was imported PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Melanie Courtot GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> imported from imported from expand expression to expand expression to expand assertion to expand assertion to elucidation person:Alan Ruttenberg Person:Barry Smith Primitive terms in a highest-level ontology such as BFO are terms which are so basic to our understanding of reality that there is no way of defining them in a non-circular fashion. For these, therefore, we can provide only elucidations, supplemented by examples and by axioms elucidation elucidation has associated axiom(nl) Person:Alan Ruttenberg Person:Alan Ruttenberg An axiom associated with a term expressed using natural language has associated axiom(nl) has associated axiom(nl) has associated axiom(fol) Person:Alan Ruttenberg Person:Alan Ruttenberg An axiom expressed in first order logic using CLIF syntax has associated axiom(fol) has associated axiom(fol) has axiom label YH, JX a chinese translation represents a chinese translation of the existing term. Chinese translation Chinese translation The AE 'cough AE' has the 'label of AE outcome' of 'cough'; 'infection AE' has the 'label of AE outcom' of 'infection'. an annotation property that represents the label of an adverse event Yongqun Oliver He, Jiangan Hardy Xie label of adverse event outcome adverse event outcome adverse event outcome has_MedDRA_id has_MedDRA_id An assertion that holds between an OWL Object Property and a temporal interpretation that elucidates how OWL Class Axioms that use this property are to be interpreted in a temporal context. temporal interpretation temporal interpretation https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime tooth SubClassOf 'never in taxon' value 'Aves' x never in taxon T if and only if T is a class, and x does not instantiate the class expression "in taxon some T". Note that this is a shortcut relation, and should be used as a hasValue restriction in OWL. Chris Mungall ?X DisjointWith RO_0002162 some ?Y never in taxon An assertion that holds between an ontology class and an organism taxon class, which is intepreted to yield some relationship between instances of the ontology class and the taxon. taxonomic class assertion taxonomic class assertion S dubious_for_taxon T if it is probably the case that no instances of S can be found in any instance of T. RO:0002174 uberon dubious_for_taxon 1 1 dubious_for_taxon this relation lacks a strong logical interpretation, but can be used in place of never_in_taxon where it is desirable to state that the definition of the class is too strict for the taxon under consideration, but placing a never_in_taxon link would result in a chain of inconsistencies that will take time to resolve. Example: metencephalon in teleost dubious_for_taxon S present_in_taxon T if some instance of T has some S. This does not means that all instances of T have an S - it may only be certain life stages or sexes that have S RO:0002175 applicable for taxon uberon present_in_taxon 1 1 present_in_taxon present_in_taxon An assertion that involves at least one OWL object that is intended to be expanded into one or more logical axioms. The logical expansion can yield axioms expressed using any formal logical system, including, but not limited to OWL2-DL. logical macro assertion logical macro assertion https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/wiki/ShortcutRelations A logical macro assertion whose domain is an IRI for a class The domain for this class can be considered to be owl:Class, but we cannot assert this in OWL2-DL logical macro assertion on a class logical macro assertion on a class A logical macro assertion whose domain is an IRI for a property logical macro assertion on a property logical macro assertion on a property logical macro assertion on an object property logical macro assertion on an object property logical macro assertion on an annotation property logical macro assertion on an annotation property relation p is the direct form of relation q iff p is a subPropertyOf q, p does not have the Transitive characteristic, q does have the Transitive characteristic, and for all x, y: x q y -> exists z1, z2, ..., zn such that x p z1 ... z2n y If we have the annotation P is-direct-form-of Q, and we have inverses P' and Q', then it follows that P' is-direct-form-of Q' Chris Mungall is direct form of An alternate textual definition for a class taken unmodified from an external source. This definition may have been used to derive a generalized definition for the new class. UBPROP:0000001 uberon external_definition 1 external_definition This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO external_definition A textual description of an axiom loss in this ontology compared to an external ontology. UBPROP:0000002 uberon axiom_lost_from_external_ontology 1 axiom_lost_from_external_ontology This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO axiom_lost_from_external_ontology Notes on the homology status of this class. UBPROP:0000003 uberon homology_notes 1 homology_notes This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO homology_notes An alternate comment for a class taken unmodified from an external source. Note that obo format only allows a single comment for a class, and does not provide a structured means of adding provenance info. UBPROP:0000005 uberon external_comment 1 external_comment This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO external_comment UBPROP:0000006 uberon implements_design_pattern 1 implements_design_pattern implements_design_pattern Used to connect a class to an adjectival form of its label. For example, a class with label 'intestine' may have a relational adjective 'intestinal'. UBPROP:0000007 uberon has_relational_adjective 1 has_relational_adjective has_relational_adjective Notes on the how instances of this class vary across species. UBPROP:0000008 uberon taxon_notes 1 taxon_notes taxon_notes Notes on the evolved function of instances of this class. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000009 uberon function_notes 1 function_notes function_notes Notes on the structure, composition or histology of instances of this class. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000010 uberon structure_notes 1 structure_notes structure_notes Notes on the ontogenic development of instances of this class. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000011 uberon development_notes 1 development_notes development_notes Notes on how similar or equivalent classes are represented in other ontologies. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000012 uberon external_ontology_notes 1 external_ontology_notes external_ontology_notes Notes on how lexical conventions regarding this class, in particular any issues that may arise due to homonyny or synonymy. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000013 uberon terminology_notes 1 terminology_notes terminology_notes UBPROP:0000100 uberon is_count_of 1 is_count_of is count of A property used in conjunction with repeated_element_number to indicate an axis and directionality along that axis. If P preceding_element_is R, and P is_count_of S, and X P N, and X' P N+1, then it follows that every X R some X', and the class expression [S and R some X' and inv(R) some X] is empty (i.e. X is followed by X', with no intermediates) UBPROP:0000101 uberon preceding_element_is 1 preceding_element_is preceding element is x pharyngeal_arch_number N if and only if (i) x is a pharyngeal arch, and (ii) x is ancestrally pharyngeal arch number N in a series of pharyngeal arches repeated along a antero-posterior axis, with arch_number 1 being the mandibular arch. gill arch N = PA N-2. the term branchial_arch is ambiguous. UBPROP:0000103 uberon pharyngeal_arch_number 1 pharyngeal_arch_number pharyngeal arch number x phalanx_number N if and only if (i) x is a phalanx, and (ii) x is phalanx number N in a series of phalanges repeated along an prixomo-distal axis, with phalanx_number 1 being the proximalmost phalanx. Note that in humans, the distalmost phalanx has phlanax_number 3, except in ray_number 1, where the distalmost has phalanx_number 2 UBPROP:0000105 uberon phalanx_number 1 phalanx_number Most land mammals including humans have a 2-3-3-3-3 formula in both the hands (or paws) and feet. Primitive reptiles typically had the formula 2-3-4-4-5, and this pattern, with some modification, remained in many later reptiles and in the mammal-like reptiles. The phalangeal formula in the flippers of cetaceans (marine mammals) is 2-12-8-1 phalanx number FMA has terms like 'set of X'. In general we do not include set-of terms in uberon, but provide a mapping between the singular form and the FMA set term UBPROP:0000202 uberon fma_set_term 1 fma_set_term fma_set_term eco subset CUMBO developmental_classification A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes. EFO slim derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked functional_classification Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes A grouping class that depends on an assumption of homology between subclasses classes that have some inconsistency with FMA somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements Phenotype slim Uberon slim - subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO uberon dc-contributor 1 dc-contributor contributor Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, table of contents, reference to a graphical representation of content or a free-text account of the content. An account of the content of the resource. Description Description The present resource may be derived from the Source resource in whole or in part. Recommended best practice is to reference the resource by means of a string or number conforming to a formal identification system. A reference to a resource from which the present resource is derived. Source Source subset_property has_alternative_id has_broad_synonym database_cross_reference has_exact_synonym has_narrow_synonym has_obo_namespace has_related_synonym in_subset shorthand label label label uberon foaf-depicted_by 1 foaf-depicted_by depicted_by is part of my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity) this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood) a core relation that holds between a part and its whole Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime part_of BFO:0000050 uberon part_of part_of part of part of http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:part_of has part my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity) this year has part this day (occurrent parthood) a core relation that holds between a whole and its part Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime has_part BFO:0000051 uberon has_part has_part has part has part realized in this disease is realized in this disease course this fragility is realized in this shattering this investigator role is realized in this investigation is realized by realized_in [copied from inverse property 'realizes'] to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003]) Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a realizable entity and a process, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process realized in realizes this disease course realizes this disease this investigation realizes this investigator role this shattering realizes this fragility to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003]) Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a process and a realizable entity, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process realizes preceded by X preceded_by Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X) x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. An example is: translation preceded_by transcription; aging preceded_by development (not however death preceded_by aging). Where derives_from links classes of continuants, preceded_by links classes of processes. Clearly, however, these two relations are not independent of each other. Thus if cells of type C1 derive_from cells of type C, then any cell division involving an instance of C1 in a given lineage is preceded_by cellular processes involving an instance of C. The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. Note that an assertion to the effect that P preceded_by P1 is rather weak; it tells us little about the relations between the underlying instances in virtue of which the preceded_by relation obtains. Typically we will be interested in stronger relations, for example in the relation immediately_preceded_by, or in relations which combine preceded_by with a condition to the effect that the corresponding instances of P and P1 share participants, or that their participants are connected by relations of derivation, or (as a first step along the road to a treatment of causality) that the one process in some way affects (for example, initiates or regulates) the other. is preceded by preceded_by http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:preceded_by BFO:0000062 is preceded by takes place after uberon preceded_by preceded_by preceded by preceded_by precedes x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. BFO:0000063 uberon precedes precedes precedes precedes occurs in b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t occurs_in unfolds in unfolds_in Paraphrase of definition: a relation between a process and an independent continuant, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant occurs in site of [copied from inverse property 'occurs in'] b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t Paraphrase of definition: a relation between an independent continuant and a process, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant contains process x anterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the head. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail: bearer cjm 2009-07-31T02:15:46Z BSPO:0000096 uberon anterior_to anterior_to anterior_to x distal_to y iff x is further along the proximo-distal axis than y, towards the appendage tip. A proximo-distal axis extends from tip of an appendage (distal) to where it joins the body (proximal). BSPO:0000097 uberon distal_to distal_to distal_to x dorsal_to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the back. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that bisects an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly). BSPO:0000098 uberon dorsal_to dorsal_to dorsal_to x posterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the body/tail. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail. BSPO:0000099 caudal_to uberon posterior_to posterior_to posterior_to x proximal_to y iff x is closer to the point of attachment with the body than y. BSPO:0000100 uberon proximal_to proximal_to proximal_to x ventral_to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the front. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that bisects an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly). BSPO:0000102 uberon ventral_to ventral_to ventral_to Further away from the surface of the organism. Thus, the muscular layer is deep to the skin, but superficial to the intestines. BSPO:0000107 uberon deep_to deep_to deep_to Near the outer surface of the organism. Thus, skin is superficial to the muscle layer. BSPO:0000108 uberon superficial_to superficial_to superficial_to X in_left_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into left and right portions, X is part_of the left portion. BSPO:0000120 uberon in_left_side_of in_left_side_of in_left_side_of https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern X in_right_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into left and right portions, X is part_of the right portion. BSPO:0000121 uberon in_right_side_of in_right_side_of in_right_side_of https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern X posterior_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two anterior and posterior portions, X is part_of the posterior portion. BSPO:0000122 uberon in_posterior_side_of in_posterior_side_of in_posterior_side_of X anterior_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two anterior and posterior portions, X is part_of the anterior portion. BSPO:0000123 uberon in_anterior_side_of in_anterior_side_of in_anterior_side_of X proximal_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into distal and proximal portions, X is part_of the proximal portion. BSPO:0000124 uberon in_proximal_side_of in_proximal_side_of in_proximal_side_of X distal_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into distal and proximal portions, X is part_of the distal portion. BSPO:0000125 uberon in_distal_side_of in_distal_side_of in_distal_side_of X in_lateral_side_of Y <=> if X is in_left_side_of Y or X is in_right_side_of Y. X is often, but not always a paired structure BSPO:0000126 uberon in_lateral_side_of in_lateral_side_of in_lateral_side_of https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern X proximalmost_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the proximal boundary of Y BSPO:0001106 uberon proximalmost_part_of proximalmost_part_of proximalmost_part_of X distalmost_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the distal boundary of Y BSPO:0001108 uberon distalmost_part_of distalmost_part_of distalmost_part_of a preceded_by relation that indicates that one process (e.g., an adverse event) is causally preceded by (induced by) another process (e.g., a medical intervention) and there is a causal relation between these two processes. This relation indicates the existence of a causal chain, meaning many processes may occur in between these two processes. Yongqun He induced by induced_by the relation indicates that one process (e.g., a medical intervention) induces another process (e.g., an adverse event) and there is a causal relation between these two processes. This relation indicates the existence of a causal chain, meaning many processes may occur in between these two processes. This is an inverse relation of the term "induced_by". YH, AG induces This is a tentative relation. We need to get this role from another ontology later. Oliver -- BFO 2.0 has this role 'is role of':: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000081 Once we get BFO 2.0, we can replace with this role. Oliver role_of An electrocardiogram qt prolonged AE is_evidence_of arrhythmia AE; arrhythmia AE is_evidence_of cardiomyopathy AE; fever AE is_evidence_of inflammation AE; fever AE is_evidence_of viral infection AE; plural effusion AE is_evidence_of cardiac disorder AE. AE1 is_evidence_of AE2 if and only if: given an adverse event instance ae1 that instantiates class AE1 (e.g., electrocardiogram qt prolonged AE) and another adverse event instance ae2 that instantiates class AE2 (e.g., arrhythmia AE), both ae1 and ae2 are adverse events that are clinically observed after a medical intervention (at time t0) on the same patient. The presence of ae1 is supported by priori knowledge of medicine to imply the presence of ae2 with some probability P (P is NOT always 1, thus transitivity does not apply to is_evidence_of relation. AE1 is_evidence_of AE2 and AE2 is_evidence_of AE3 DOES NOT imply AE1 is_evidence_of AE3). The instance ae1 and ae2 are observed or detected at time t1 and t2, respectively. The biological onset time for ae1 or ae2 may occur before t1 or t2. The t1 and t2 can be the same time point or different time points. This represents a relation between two adverse events AE1 and AE2. However, AE1 may be an evidence of another adverse event AE3, and a dfferent adverse event AE4 may also be an evidence of the same AE2. SS, YH, YL is evidence of An adverse event has a participant quality, such as a hyperkalemia AE has a participatn quality blood potassium increased. an object property that represents a relation between a process and a quality, in which the process has a participant that has the quality. This is a shortcut relation of the following full version: 'has participant' some (participant 'has quality' ) in: process 'has participant' some (participant 'has quality' some quality) Yongqun He has participant quality a 'occurs in' relation that is applied at the adverse event setting and indicates where an adverse event occurs in. Yongqun He adverse event occurs in AE occurs in A shortcut relation that represents the full path of ‘has participant’ some participant that ‘participates in’ some process. Yongqun He has participant undergoing a specific 'preceded by' object property that has a domain of an adverse event. Yongqun He adverse event preceded by bearer of this apple is bearer of this red color this vase is bearer of this fragility a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist. bearer_of is bearer of bearer of has participant this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot this investigation has participant this investigator this process has participant this input material (or this output material) a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time. has_participant http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant has participant this apple has quality this red color a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist. has_quality has quality this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator) a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. has_role has role RO:0001015 uberon location_of location_of location_of RO:0001025 uberon located_in located_in located_in RO:0002002 uberon has_boundary has_boundary has boundary FMA:85999 dbprop:nerve RO:0002005 nerve supply uberon innervated_by innervated_by http://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/issues/detail?id=6 innervated_by RO:0002007 uberon bounding_layer_of bounding_layer_of A relationship that applies between a continuant and its outer, bounding layer. Examples include the relationship between a multicellular organism and its integument, between an animal cell and its plasma membrane, and between a membrane bound organelle and its outer/bounding membrane. bounding layer of David Osumi-Sutherland <= Primitive instance level timing relation between events before or simultaneous with Relation between occurrents, shares start and end boundaries. David Osumi-Sutherland RO:0002082 coincides_with is_equal_to uberon simultaneous_with simultaneous_with t1 simultaneous_with t2 iff:= t1 before_or_simultaneous_with t2 and not (t1 before t2) simultaneous with simultaneous_with David Osumi-Sutherland X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X) ends after X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) David Osumi-Sutherland starts_at_end_of A non-transitive temporal relation in which one process immediately precedes another process, such that there is no interval of time between the two processes[SIO:000251]. RO:0002087 directly preceded by is directly preceded by is immediately preceded by starts_at_end_of uberon immediately_preceded_by immediately_preceded_by X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) immediately preceded by immediately_preceded_by David Osumi-Sutherland ends_at_start_of meets X immediately_precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) immediately precedes David Osumi-Sutherland io X starts_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (start(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y)) starts during David Osumi-Sutherland d during X happens_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y)) happens during David Osumi-Sutherland o overlaps X ends_during Y iff: ((start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X)) AND end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y). ends during x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 some ?Y) overlaps RO:0002134 uberon innervates innervates http://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/issues/detail?id=6 innervates RO:0002150 uberon continuous_with continuous_with continuous_with RO:0002158 uberon homologous_to homologous_to homologous_to Binary relationship: x connected_to y if and only if there exists some z such that z connects x and y in a ternary connected_to(x,y,z) relationship. RO:0002170 uberon connected_to connected_to Connection does not imply overlaps. connected to Binary relationship: z connects x if and only if there exists some y such that z connects x and y in a ternary connected_to(x,y,z) relationship. this is currently used for both structural relationships (such as between a valve and the chamber it connects) and abstract relationships (anatomical lines and the entities they connect) RO:0002176 uberon connects connects connects RO:0002177 uberon attaches_to_part_of attaches_to_part_of attaches_to_part_of relation between an artery and the structure is supplies with blood. FMA:86003 RO:0002178 arterial supply of uberon supplies supplies source: FMA supplies RO:0002179 drains blood from drains from uberon drains drains source: Wikipedia drains RO:0002202 uberon develops_from develops_from develops_from RO:0002203 uberon develops_into develops_into develops_into x surrounded_by y iff: x is adjacent to y and for every region r adjacent to x, r overlaps y RO:0002219 uberon surrounded_by surrounded_by surrounded_by x adjacent_to y iff: x and y share a boundary RO:0002220 uberon adjacent_to adjacent_to adjacent_to inverse of surrounded_by RO:0002221 uberon surrounds surrounds surrounds Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for relations between occurrents involving the relative timing of their starts and ends. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kBv1ep_9g3sTR-SD3jqzFqhuwo9TPNF-l-9fUDbO6rM/edit?pli=1 A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations. temporally related to Relation between occurrents, shares a start boundary with. RO:0002223 uberon starts starts starts Every insulin receptor signaling pathway starts with the binding of a ligand to the insulin receptor x starts with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: α(y) = α(x) ∧ ω(y) < ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. Chris Mungall started by RO:0002224 uberon starts_with starts_with starts with starts with Relation between occurrents, shares an end boundary with. RO:0002229 finishes uberon ends ends ends x ends with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: α(y) > α(x) ∧ ω(y) = ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. Chris Mungall finished by RO:0002230 uberon ends_with ends_with ends with ends with RO:0002254 uberon has_developmental_contribution_from has_developmental_contribution_from has developmental contribution from t1 developmentally_induced_by t2 if there is a process of organ induction (GO:0001759) with t1 and t2 as interacting participants. t2 causes t1 to change its fate from a precursor tissue type T to T', where T' develops_from T. RO:0002256 uberon developmentally_induced_by developmentally_induced_by sources for developmentally_induced_by relationships in Uberon: Developmental Biology, Gilbert, 8th edition, figure 6.5(F) developmentally_induced_by RO:0002258 uberon developmentally_preceded_by developmentally_preceded_by developmentally preceded by RO:0002285 uberon developmentally_replaces developmentally_replaces developmentally_replaces example of usage: every "endocardial cushion formation" (GO:0003272) results_in_formation_of some "endocardial cushion" (UBERON:0002062); an annotation of gene X to anatomical structure formation with results_in_formation_of UBERON:0000007 (pituitary gland) means that at the beginning of the process a pituitary gland does not exist and at the end of the process a pituitary gland exists. Chris Mungall results in formation of A mereological relationship or a topological relationship Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving parthood or connectivity relationships mereotopologically related to RO:0002351 uberon has_member has_member has member FMA:85990 RO:0002371 uberon attaches_to attaches_to attaches_to we need to check if FMA branch_of implies part_of. the relation we intend to use here should - for example, see vestibulocochlear nerve FMA:85994 RO:0002380 uberon branching_part_of branching_part_of branching_part_of x has potential to developmentrally contribute to y iff x developmentally contributes to y or x is capable of developmentally contributing to y RO:0002385 uberon has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to has potential to developmentally contribute to x has the potential to develop into y iff x develops into y or if x is capable of developing into y RO:0002387 uberon has_potential_to_develop_into has_potential_to_develop_into has potential to develop into RO:0002433 uberon contributes_to_morphology_of contributes_to_morphology_of contributes to morphology of x composed_primarily_of y iff: more than half of the mass of x is made from parts of y UBREL:0000002 RO:0002473 uberon composed_primarily_of composed_primarily_of composed primarily of Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c comes into existing during some s. BFO:0000068 RO:0002488 begins_to_exist_during uberon existence_starts_during existence_starts_during existence starts during Relation between continuant and occurrent, such that c comes into existence at the start of p. RO:0002489 uberon existence_starts_with existence_starts_with existence starts with Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c ceases to exist during some s, if it does not die prematurely. BFO:0000069 RO:0002492 ceases_to_exist_during uberon existence_ends_during existence_ends_during existence ends during Relation between continuant and occurrent, such that c ceases to exist at the end of p. RO:0002493 uberon existence_ends_with existence_ends_with existence ends with RO:0002494 transforms from uberon transformation_of transformation_of transformation of RO:0002495 direct_transformation_of immediately transforms from uberon immediate_transformation_of immediate_transformation_of immediate transformation of RO:0002496 uberon existence_starts_during_or_after existence_starts_during_or_after existence starts during or after RO:0002497 uberon existence_ends_during_or_before existence_ends_during_or_before existence ends during or before RO:0002507 uberon has_material_contribution_from has_material_contribution_from has material contribution from A relation between a subdivision of an organism and the single subdivision of skeleton that provides structural support for that subdivision. RO:0002551 uberon has sekeletal support has supporting framework has_skeleton has_skeleton has skeleton RO:0002569 uberon has_branching_part has_branching_part has_branching_part RO:0002572 uberon luminal_space_of luminal_space_of luminal space of RO:0002576 uberon skeleton_of skeleton_of skeleton of RO:0003000 uberon produces produces produces RO:0003001 uberon produced_by produced_by produced_by x anteriorly_connected_to y iff the anterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x posterior_to y. uberon anteriorly_connected_to anteriorly connected to carries uberon channel_for channel for uberon channels_from channels_from uberon channels_into channels_into x is a conduit for y iff y passes through the lumen of x. uberon conduit_for conduit for x distally_connected_to y iff the distal part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x proximal_to y. uberon distally_connected_to distally connected to uberon evolved_from Status: experimental evolved_from uberon existence_starts_and_ends_during existence starts and ends during uberon extends_fibers_into extends_fibers_into X in_central_side Y <=> if Y is subdivided into left and right portions around some median divisor, all parts of X are closer to the median divisor than the outermost lateral sides. uberon in_central_side_of in_central_side_of https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern x posteriorly_connected_to y iff the posterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x anterior_to y. uberon posteriorly_connected_to posteriorly connected to uberon protects protects x proximally_connected_to y iff the proximal part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x distal_to y. uberon proximally_connected_to proximally connected to uberon subdivision_of placeholder relation. X = 'subdivision of A' and subdivision_of some B means that X is the mereological sum of A and B subdivision of . uberon transitively_anteriorly_connected_to transitively anteriorly connected to uberon transitively_connected_to transitively_connected to . uberon transitively_distally_connected_to transitively distally connected to . uberon transitively_proximally_connected_to transitively proximally connected to A data property that indicates that a material entity has a particular size. Yongqun He has size A ulcer has a diameter in cm some specific decimal length A 'has size' object property that indicates a material entity of round shape has a diameter of a particular length with the cm (centimeter) unit. Yongqun He has diameter in cm entity Entity Julius Caesar Verdi’s Requiem the Second World War your body mass index BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81 Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001]) entity continuant Continuant An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240 Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002]) if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002]) (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] continuant occurrent Occurrent An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. BFO 2 Reference: every occurrent that is not a temporal or spatiotemporal region is s-dependent on some independent continuant that is not a spatial region BFO 2 Reference: s-dependence obtains between every process and its participants in the sense that, as a matter of necessity, this process could not have existed unless these or those participants existed also. A process may have a succession of participants at different phases of its unfolding. Thus there may be different players on the field at different times during the course of a football game; but the process which is the entire game s-depends_on all of these players nonetheless. Some temporal parts of this process will s-depend_on on only some of the players. Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process. Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame. An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002]) Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001]) b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001]) (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] occurrent ic IndependentContinuant a chair a heart a leg a molecule a spatial region an atom an orchestra. an organism the bottom right portion of a human torso the interior of your mouth A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything. b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001]) For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002]) (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] independent continuant t-region TemporalRegion Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001]) All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001]) Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002]) (forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002] (forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001] (forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001] temporal region process Process a process of cell-division, \ a beating of the heart a process of meiosis a process of sleeping the course of a disease the flight of a bird the life of an organism your process of aging. An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) BFO 2 Reference: The realm of occurrents is less pervasively marked by the presence of natural units than is the case in the realm of independent continuants. Thus there is here no counterpart of ‘object’. In BFO 1.0 ‘process’ served as such a counterpart. In BFO 2.0 ‘process’ is, rather, the occurrent counterpart of ‘material entity’. Those natural – as contrasted with engineered, which here means: deliberately executed – units which do exist in the realm of occurrents are typically either parasitic on the existence of natural units on the continuant side, or they are fiat in nature. Thus we can count lives; we can count football games; we can count chemical reactions performed in experiments or in chemical manufacturing. We cannot count the processes taking place, for instance, in an episode of insect mating behavior.Even where natural units are identifiable, for example cycles in a cyclical process such as the beating of a heart or an organism’s sleep/wake cycle, the processes in question form a sequence with no discontinuities (temporal gaps) of the sort that we find for instance where billiard balls or zebrafish or planets are separated by clear spatial gaps. Lives of organisms are process units, but they too unfold in a continuous series from other, prior processes such as fertilization, and they unfold in turn in continuous series of post-life processes such as post-mortem decay. Clear examples of boundaries of processes are almost always of the fiat sort (midnight, a time of death as declared in an operating theater or on a death certificate, the initiation of a state of war) (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] process disposition Disposition an atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways. the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type. b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002]) If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002]) (forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] (forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] disposition realizable RealizableEntity the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity. the disposition of your blood to coagulate the function of your reproductive organs the role of being a doctor the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances. To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002]) All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002]) (forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] (forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] realizable entity quality Quality the ambient temperature of this portion of air the color of a tomato the length of the circumference of your waist the mass of this piece of gold. the shape of your nose the shape of your nostril a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001]) If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001]) (forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] (forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] quality sdc SpecificallyDependentContinuant Reciprocal specifically dependent continuants: the function of this key to open this lock and the mutually dependent disposition of this lock: to be opened by this key of one-sided specifically dependent continuants: the mass of this tomato of relational dependent continuants (multiple bearers): John’s love for Mary, the ownership relation between John and this statue, the relation of authority between John and his subordinates. the disposition of this fish to decay the function of this heart: to pump blood the mutual dependence of proton donors and acceptors in chemical reactions [79 the mutual dependence of the role predator and the role prey as played by two organisms in a given interaction the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its center the role of being a doctor the shape of this hole. the smell of this portion of mozzarella A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same. b is a relational specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a specifically dependent continuant and there are n &gt; 1 independent continuants c1, … cn which are not spatial regions are such that for all 1 i &lt; j n, ci and cj share no common parts, are such that for each 1 i n, b s-depends_on ci at every time t during the course of b’s existence (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [131-004]) b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc. (iff (RelationalSpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (forall (t) (exists (b c) (and (not (SpatialRegion b)) (not (SpatialRegion c)) (not (= b c)) (not (exists (d) (and (continuantPartOfAt d b t) (continuantPartOfAt d c t)))) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [131-004] (iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] specifically dependent continuant role Role John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married. the priest role the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighboring administrative territories the role of a building in serving as a military target the role of a stone in marking a property boundary the role of subject in a clinical trial the student role A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts. BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives. b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001]) (forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] role object-aggregate ObjectAggregate a collection of cells in a blood biobank. a swarm of bees is an aggregate of members who are linked together through natural bonds a symphony orchestra an organization is an aggregate whose member parts have roles of specific types (for example in a jazz band, a chess club, a football team) defined by fiat: the aggregate of members of an organization defined through physical attachment: the aggregate of atoms in a lump of granite defined through physical containment: the aggregate of molecules of carbon dioxide in a sealed container defined via attributive delimitations such as: the patients in this hospital the aggregate of bearings in a constant velocity axle joint the aggregate of blood cells in your body the nitrogen atoms in the atmosphere the restaurants in Palo Alto your collection of Meissen ceramic plates. An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects BFO 2 Reference: object aggregates may gain and lose parts while remaining numerically identical (one and the same individual) over time. This holds both for aggregates whose membership is determined naturally (the aggregate of cells in your body) and aggregates determined by fiat (a baseball team, a congressional committee). ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158. b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004]) (forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004] object aggregate site Site Manhattan Canyon) a hole in the interior of a portion of cheese a rabbit hole an air traffic control region defined in the airspace above an airport the Grand Canyon the Piazza San Marco the cockpit of an aircraft the hold of a ship the interior of a kangaroo pouch the interior of the trunk of your car the interior of your bedroom the interior of your office the interior of your refrigerator the lumen of your gut your left nostril (a fiat part – the opening – of your left nasal cavity) b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002]) (forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002] site object Object atom cell cells and organisms engineered artifacts grain of sand molecule organelle organism planet solid portions of matter star BFO 2 Reference: BFO rests on the presupposition that at multiple micro-, meso- and macroscopic scales reality exhibits certain stable, spatially separated or separable material units, combined or combinable into aggregates of various sorts (for example organisms into what are called ‘populations’). Such units play a central role in almost all domains of natural science from particle physics to cosmology. Many scientific laws govern the units in question, employing general terms (such as ‘molecule’ or ‘planet’) referring to the types and subtypes of units, and also to the types and subtypes of the processes through which such units develop and interact. The division of reality into such natural units is at the heart of biological science, as also is the fact that these units may form higher-level units (as cells form multicellular organisms) and that they may also form aggregates of units, for example as cells form portions of tissue and organs form families, herds, breeds, species, and so on. At the same time, the division of certain portions of reality into engineered units (manufactured artifacts) is the basis of modern industrial technology, which rests on the distributed mass production of engineered parts through division of labor and on their assembly into larger, compound units such as cars and laptops. The division of portions of reality into units is one starting point for the phenomenon of counting. BFO 2 Reference: Each object is such that there are entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its interior, and other entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its exterior. This may not be so for entities lying at or near the boundary between the interior and exterior. This means that two objects – for example the two cells depicted in Figure 3 – may be such that there are material entities crossing their boundaries which belong determinately to neither cell. Something similar obtains in certain cases of conjoined twins (see below). BFO 2 Reference: To say that b is causally unified means: b is a material entity which is such that its material parts are tied together in such a way that, in environments typical for entities of the type in question,if c, a continuant part of b that is in the interior of b at t, is larger than a certain threshold size (which will be determined differently from case to case, depending on factors such as porosity of external cover) and is moved in space to be at t at a location on the exterior of the spatial region that had been occupied by b at t, then either b’s other parts will be moved in coordinated fashion or b will be damaged (be affected, for example, by breakage or tearing) in the interval between t and t.causal changes in one part of b can have consequences for other parts of b without the mediation of any entity that lies on the exterior of b. Material entities with no proper material parts would satisfy these conditions trivially. Candidate examples of types of causal unity for material entities of more complex sorts are as follows (this is not intended to be an exhaustive list):CU1: Causal unity via physical coveringHere the parts in the interior of the unified entity are combined together causally through a common membrane or other physical covering\. The latter points outwards toward and may serve a protective function in relation to what lies on the exterior of the entity [13, 47 BFO 2 Reference: an object is a maximal causally unified material entity BFO 2 Reference: ‘objects’ are sometimes referred to as ‘grains’ [74 b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001]) object gdc GenericallyDependentContinuant The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity. the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule. A continuant that is dependent on one or other independent continuant bearers. For every instance of A requires some instance of (an independent continuant type) B but which instance of B serves can change from time to time. b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] generically dependent continuant function Function the function of a hammer to drive in nails the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar BFO 2 Reference: In the past, we have distinguished two varieties of function, artifactual function and biological function. These are not asserted subtypes of BFO:function however, since the same function – for example: to pump, to transport – can exist both in artifacts and in biological entities. The asserted subtypes of function that would be needed in order to yield a separate monoheirarchy are not artifactual function, biological function, etc., but rather transporting function, pumping function, etc. A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001]) (forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] function 1d-t-region OneDimensionalTemporalRegion the temporal region during which a process occurs. BFO 2 Reference: A temporal interval is a special kind of one-dimensional temporal region, namely one that is self-connected (is without gaps or breaks). A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001]) (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001] one-dimensional temporal region material MaterialEntity a flame a forest fire a human being a hurricane a photon a puff of smoke a sea wave a tornado an aggregate of human beings. an energy wave an epidemic the undetached arm of a human being An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. BFO 2 Reference: Material entities (continuants) can preserve their identity even while gaining and losing material parts. Continuants are contrasted with occurrents, which unfold themselves in successive temporal parts or phases [60 BFO 2 Reference: Object, Fiat Object Part and Object Aggregate are not intended to be exhaustive of Material Entity. Users are invited to propose new subcategories of Material Entity. BFO 2 Reference: ‘Matter’ is intended to encompass both mass and energy (we will address the ontological treatment of portions of energy in a later version of BFO). A portion of matter is anything that includes elementary particles among its proper or improper parts: quarks and leptons, including electrons, as the smallest particles thus far discovered; baryons (including protons and neutrons) at a higher level of granularity; atoms and molecules at still higher levels, forming the cells, organs, organisms and other material entities studied by biologists, the portions of rock studied by geologists, the fossils studied by paleontologists, and so on.Material entities are three-dimensional entities (entities extended in three spatial dimensions), as contrasted with the processes in which they participate, which are four-dimensional entities (entities extended also along the dimension of time).According to the FMA, material entities may have immaterial entities as parts – including the entities identified below as sites; for example the interior (or ‘lumen’) of your small intestine is a part of your body. BFO 2.0 embodies a decision to follow the FMA here. A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002]) Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002]) every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002]) (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] material entity immaterial ImmaterialEntity BFO 2 Reference: Immaterial entities are divided into two subgroups:boundaries and sites, which bound, or are demarcated in relation, to material entities, and which can thus change location, shape and size and as their material hosts move or change shape or size (for example: your nasal passage; the hold of a ship; the boundary of Wales (which moves with the rotation of the Earth) [38, 7, 10 immaterial entity r-quality RelationalQuality John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married. a marriage bond, an instance of love, an obligation between one person and another. b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001]) (iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001] relational quality 0d-t-region ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion a temporal region that is occupied by a process boundary right now the moment at which a child is born the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident the moment of death. temporal instant. A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001]) (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001] zero-dimensional temporal region A nervous system disease that is located_in nerves or nerve cells. ICD10CM:G62.9 NCI:C4731 SNOMEDCT_US_2018_03_01:193167000 SNOMEDCT_US_2018_03_01:264554005 SNOMEDCT_US_2018_03_01:277317008 SNOMEDCT_US_2018_03_01:277878001 SNOMEDCT_US_2018_03_01:386033004 SNOMEDCT_US_2018_03_01:42658009 UMLS_CUI:C0442874 peripheral neuropathy disease_ontology DOID:870 neuropathy Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. GO:0000004 GO:0007582 Wikipedia:Biological_process biological process physiological process biological_process GO:0008150 Note that, in addition to forming the root of the biological process ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose biological process is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the biological process of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this. biological_process Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as "apoptotic bodies"); and/or (3) its corpse (or its fragments) have been engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo. biological_process accidental cell death necrosis GO:0008219 This term should not be used for direct annotation. The only exception should be when experimental data (e.g., staining with trypan blue or propidium iodide) show that cell death has occurred, but fail to provide details on death modality (accidental versus programmed). When information is provided on the cell death mechanism, annotations should be made to the appropriate descendant of 'cell death' (such as, but not limited to, GO:0097300 'programmed necrotic cell death' or GO:0006915 'apoptotic process'). Also, if experimental data suggest that a gene product influences cell death indirectly, rather than being involved in the death process directly, consider annotating to a 'regulation' term. cell death Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. GO:0008151 GO:0050875 cell physiology cellular physiological process cell growth and/or maintenance biological_process GO:0009987 cellular process A permanent cessation of all vital functions: the end of life; can be applied to a whole organism or to a part of an organism. Wikipedia:Death biological_process GO:0016265 See also the biological process term 'apoptosis ; GO:0006915'. death A biological process that involves only one organism. janelomax 2012-09-19T15:05:24Z single organism process biological_process GO:0044699 single-organism process Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, occurring within a single organism. janelomax 2012-12-11T16:56:55Z biological_process GO:0044763 single-organism cellular process A type of cell death that is morphologically characterized by an increasingly translucent cytoplasm, swelling of organelles, minor ultrastructural modifications of the nucleus (specifically, dilatation of the nuclear membrane and condensation of chromatin into small, irregular, circumscribed patches) and increased cell volume (oncosis), culminating in the disruption of the plasma membrane and subsequent loss of intracellular contents. Necrotic cells do not fragment into discrete corpses as their apoptotic counterparts do. Moreover, their nuclei remain intact and can aggregate and accumulate in necrotic tissues. necrosis cellular necrosis biological_process GO:0070265 Note that the word necrosis has been widely used in earlier literature to describe forms of cell death which are now known by more precise terms, such as apoptosis. Necrosis can occur in a regulated fashion, involving a precise sequence of signals; in this case, consider annotating to GO:0097300 'programmed necrotic cell death' or to its more specific child GO:0070266 'necroptotic process'. necrotic cell death data item Data items include counts of things, analyte concentrations, and statistical summaries. a data item is an information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements. 2/2/2009 Alan and Bjoern discussing FACS run output data. This is a data item because it is about the cell population. Each element records an event and is typically further composed a set of measurment data items that record the fluorescent intensity stimulated by one of the lasers. 2009-03-16: data item deliberatly ambiguous: we merged data set and datum to be one entity, not knowing how to define singular versus plural. So data item is more general than datum. 2009-03-16: removed datum as alternative term as datum specifically refers to singular form, and is thus not an exact synonym. 2014-03-31: See discussion at http://odontomachus.wordpress.com/2014/03/30/aboutness-objects-propositions/ JAR: datum -- well, this will be very tricky to define, but maybe some information-like stuff that might be put into a computer and that is meant, by someone, to denote and/or to be interpreted by some process... I would include lists, tables, sentences... I think I might defer to Barry, or to Brian Cantwell Smith JAR: A data item is an approximately justified approximately true approximate belief PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Chris Stoeckert PERSON: Jonathan Rees data data item information content entity Examples of information content entites include journal articles, data, graphical layouts, and graphs. A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing. 2014-03-10: The use of "thing" is intended to be general enough to include universals and configurations (see https://groups.google.com/d/msg/information-ontology/GBxvYZCk1oc/-L6B5fSBBTQJ). information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some digital_entity in obi before split (040907). information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some physical_document in obi before split (040907). Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity that 'is encoded in' some digital or physical entity. PERSON: Chris Stoeckert OBI_0000142 information content entity textual entity Words, sentences, paragraphs, and the written (non-figure) parts of publications are all textual entities A textual entity is a part of a manifestation (FRBR sense), a generically dependent continuant whose concretizations are patterns of glyphs intended to be interpreted as words, formulas, etc. AR, (IAO call 2009-09-01): a document as a whole is not typically a textual entity, because it has pictures in it - rather there are parts of it that are textual entities. Examples: The title, paragraph 2 sentence 7, etc. MC, 2009-09-14 (following IAO call 2009-09-01): textual entities live at the FRBR (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_Requirements_for_Bibliographic_Records) manifestation level. Everything is significant: line break, pdf and html versions of same document are different textual entities. PERSON: Lawrence Hunter text textual entity hypothesis textual entity that fucoidan has a small statistically significant effect on AT3 level but no useful clinical effect as in-vivo anticoagulant, a paraphrase of part of the last paragraph of the discussion section of the paper 'Pilot clinical study to evaluate the anticoagulant activity of fucoidan', by Lowenthal et. al.PMID:19696660 A textual entity that expresses an assertion that is intended to be tested. 2009/09/28 Alan Ruttenberg. Fucoidan-use-case Person:Alan Ruttenberg hypothesis textual entity a pathological bodily process that occurs after a medical intervention. An adverse event is likely caused by the medical intervention; however, such a causal association is not required to be an adverse event. Melanie Courtot and YH: More work is needed on how to restrict the scope of a term to be an 'adverse event', notably regarding temporal association. When is an appropirate time interval between a medical intervention and an adverse event observed? One week, one month, one year, or a lifetime? For some well-studied medical interventions (e.g., administration of many vaccines or drugs), we probably have a general idea. For many new interventions, we don't know much. In OAE, this issue is associated with defining the 'adverse event incubation time'. YH: An adverse event is a process that has specified output of some adverse medical outcome (e.g., symptom, sign or accident) after a medical intervention (or process) (e.g., administration of drug or vaccine). The medical intervention can be an administration of a drug, a vaccine (i.e., vaccination), or a special nutritional product (for example, dietary supplement, infant formula, medical food), surgery, or usage of a medical device. YH: An adverse event is possibly induced by the medical intervention. It can be caused by the medical intervention, or may not be caused by the medical intervention. One ultimate goal (or the goal in clinics) of study adverse events is to assess if the adverse event outcome is due to the medical intervention. YH: In development of OAE, we initially use vaccine adverse event as our use case. A vaccine adverse event is associated with a vaccination (i.e. a medical intervention), regardless of whether it is considered vaccine-related, and includes any side effect, injury, toxicity, or sensitivity reaction or significant failure of immunization (i.e., a pharmacologic action). Ref: Baylor NW and Midthum K. Regulation and testing of vaccines. In: Vaccines (Editors: Plotkin S, Orenstein W, and Offit P). 2008. p1623. YH: The current term 'adverse event' is different from the term definition shown in our paper: He Y, Xiang Z, Sarntivijai S, Toldo L, Ceusters W. OAE: a realism-based biomedical ontology for the representation of adverse events. Adverse Event Representation Workshop, International Conference on Biomedical Ontologies (ICBO), University at Buffalo, NY, July 26-30, 2011. Full lenghth conference proceeding paper. We made the name changing in order to make OAE cover the broader sense of the 'adverse event' which does not assume definite causal effect between an adverse event and a medical intervention. In current definition, the adverse event emphasizes the time association and assumes a likelihood of such a causal association. This term 'adverse event' is stil under the OGMS:pathological bodily process. The 'adverse event' defined in the above paper has now been changed to a new term: 'causal adverse event'. See more information in the new publication: Yongqun He Y, Sirarat Sarntivijai, Yu Lin, Zuoshuang Xiang, Abra Guo, Shelley Zhang, Desikan Jagannathan, Luca Toldo, Cui Tao and Barry Smith. OAE: The Ontology of Adverse Events. Journal of Biomedical Semantics. 2014, 5:29 doi:10.1186/2041-1480-5-29. PMID: 25093068.PMCID: PMC4120740. YH: The main scope of OAE includes: (1) represent terms and relations in the area of adverse events, (2) assess possible associations between an adverse event and a medical intervention, particularly, identify any causal effect of a medical intervention to an adverse event; and (2) understand the mechanism (including molecular mechanisms) of causal adverse events. YH: There has been discussion regarding whether the term 'side effect' is an alternative term for 'adverse event'. In AERO, the term 'AERO:adverse event' represents a subset of those adverse events for which causality has been established. In OAE, an adverse event for which causality has been established is called 'causal adverse event'. Yongqun He AE adverse reaction WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverse_event WEB: http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/HowToReport/ucm053087.htm WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25093068 The OAE official website is: http://www.oae-ontology.org/. adverse event medical intervention is a planned process that has the goal of diagnosing, preventing or relieving illness or injury. The act of intervening, interfering or interceding with the intent of modifying the outcome. In medicine, an intervention is usually undertaken to help treat or cure a condition. For example, "Acupuncture as a therapeutic intervention is widely practiced in the United States," Reference: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=34214 . Some interventions can be used for diagnosis. YH WEB: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_medical_intervention medical intervention an adverse event which is a causal adverse event, a pathological bodily process that is induced by a medical intervention. YH: The term 'causal adverse event' has the same meaning as we previously defined as 'adverse event'. Reference: He Y, Xiang Z, Sarntivijai S, Toldo L, Ceusters W. OAE: a realism-based biomedical ontology for the representation of adverse events. Adverse Event Representation Workshop, International Conference on Biomedical Ontologies (ICBO), University at Buffalo, NY, July 26-30, 2011. Full lenghth conference proceeding paper. We made the name changing as a way to make OAE cover the broader sense of the 'adverse event' which does not assume definite causal effect between an adverse event and a medical intervention. YH adverse effect He Y, Xiang Z, Sarntivijai S, Toldo L, Ceusters W. OAE: a realism-based biomedical ontology for the representation of adverse events. Adverse Event Representation Workshop, International Conference on Biomedical Ontologies (ICBO), University at Buffalo, NY, July 26-30, 2011. Full lenghth conference proceeding paper. YH: the term "adverse effect" has the same meaning of "causal adverse event". causal adverse event an adverse event that occurs after a vaccination. YH vaccine adverse event an adverse event that occurs after a drug administration YH, JX ADE ADR adverse drug reaction drug adverse event adverse drug event an adverse event that is associated with the usage of a medical device. YH This term is obsolete due to another term that has the same meaning. obsolete: medical device adverse event an adverse event that is associated with eating a medical food. YH medical food adverse event an adverse event that is induced by consuming a nutritional product. YH nutritional product adverse event an adverse event that is associated with consuming a dietary supplement. YH dietary supplement adverse event an adverse event that is associated with consuming an infant formula. YH infant formula adverse event a medical intervention where a patient is administered with a drug YH drug administration a medical intervention that uses a medical device YH medical device usage for medical intervention a medical intervention that uses a nutritional product YH consumption of nutritional product nutritional product usage a nutritional product usage that consumes a dietary supplement YH dietary supplement consumption a nutritional product usage that consumes infant formula YH consumption of infant formula a nutritional product usage that consumes medial food YH consumption of medical food an imaging investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal X-ray SS, YH, EB 10048065 X-ray result abnormal AE an X-ray result abnormal AE that has an outcome of an abnormality in chest X-ray test SS, YH 10008499 chest X-ray abnormal AE a haematoma AE that has an outcome of contusion. SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruise 10050584 Contusion is a type of relatively minor hematoma of tissue in which capillaries and sometimes venules are damaged by trauma, allowing blood to seep into the surrounding interstitial tissues. contusion AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of dry throat, which is a sensation of dryness in the throat. SS, YH 10013789 dry throat AE a skin discoloration AE which has an outcome of flushing, a sudden reddening of the face, neck, or upper chest SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003241.htm 脸红 10016825 flushing AE CTCAE:E13771 HPO: HP_0001033 NCIt:C26775 SIDER: C0016382 a pain AE where the pain reachs an extreme level. SS, YH, MW 10033425 pain in extremity AE CTCAE: E12512 HPO: HP_0009763 NCIt: C78515 SIDER: C0030196 a respiratory system AE which has an outcome of postnasal drip, which occurs when excessive mucus is produced by the nasal Mucosa. The excess mucus accumulates in the throat or back of the nose. SS, YH PDN UACS Upper Airway Cough Syndrome WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-nasal_drip 10036402 postnasal drip AE CTCAE: E13514 NCIt: C78566 a syndrome AE that is subclassified as five defined entities which represent clinical circumstances in which both the heart and the kidney are involved in a bidirectional injury and dysfunction via a final common pathway of cell-to-cell death and accelerated apoptosis mediated by oxidative stress. Types 1 and 2 involve acute and chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD) scenarios leading to acute kidney injury or accelerated chronic kidney disease. Types 2 and 3 describe acute and chronic kidney disease leading primarily to heart failure, although it is possible that acute coronary syndromes, stroke, and arrhythmias could be CVD outcomes in these forms of CRS. Finally, CRS type 5 describes a simultaneous insult to both heart and kidneys, such as sepsis, where both organs are injured simultaneously. SS, YH CRS WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3030731/ 10068230 cardiorenal syndrome AE A bursal disorder AE that has an outcome of the symptom of bursitis. SS, YH bursa inflammation WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001456/ bursitis AE an adverse event that has an outcome of abnormal sign in a musculoskeletal or connective tissue. YH, RR, JX musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorder AE WEB: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/programs/msd/ 10028395 A musculoskeletal disorder is an injury or disorder of the muscles, nerves, tendons, joints, cartilage, or supporting structures of the upper or lower limbs, neck, or lower back that are caused, precipitated, or exacerbated by sudden exertion or prolonged exposure to physical factors such as repetition, force, vibration, or awkward posture musculoskeletal or connective tissue AE CTCAE: E13872 A statistical test can be used to accept or reject the hypothesis. YH a hypothesis about the causal relation between an adverse event and a medical intervention. This term can be used to hypothesize and evaluate the relation between a medical intervention (e.g., drug, vaccination) and case reports from an adverse event reporting system (e.g., VAERS). CAE hypothesis causal adverse event hypothesis a musculoskeletal system AE which has an outcome of bursal disorder YH bursal disorder AE a vaccine adverse event that is induced by an influenza vaccine. YH: This term is just used as an example of vaccine induced adverse events. Specific vaccine-associated and vaccine-induced adverse events are now represented with the Ontology of Vaccine Adverse Events (OVAE).: http://www.violinet.org/ovae/. YH influenza vaccine-induced adverse event an influenza vaccine adverse event that is induced by a killed influenza vaccine (KIV). YH KIV-induced adverse event A KIV-induced AE that results in a GBS. YH VAERS statistical data analysis There is little evidence to support a causal association between GBS and most vaccines. The evidence for a causal association is strongest for the swine influenza vaccine that was used in 1976-77. Studies of influenza vaccines used in subsequent years, however, have found small or no increased risk of GBS. Reference: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=19388722. KIV-induced GBS averse event in 1976-1977 a muscle pain AE that is induced by Afluria influenza vaccine administration YH WEB: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM220730.pdf Afluria-induced muscle ache AE a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of fatigue, which is a state of awareness describing a range of afflictions, usually associated with physical and/or mental weakness, though varying from a general state of lethargy to a specific work-induced burning sensation within one's muscles. Physical fatigue is the inability to continue functioning at the level of one's normal abilities. lethargy is sometimes reported as an extreme fatigue: http://the-difference-between.com/lethargy/fatigue they are sometimes regarded as synonyms: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003088.htm SS, YH, MW lethargy AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_%28medical%29 10016256 10024264 fatigue AE CTCAE: E11098 (fatigue); CTCAE: E12709 (lethargy) HPO: HP_0003388 NCIt: C3036; NCIt: C78416 SIDER: C0015672 a microbiology and serology investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of CSF culture negative. The negative result means no bacteria, viruses, or fungi grew in the laboratory dish. YH: The negative result is normal. It is not an AE. SS, YH, EB CSF culture negative AE a lab test abnormal AE that has an outcome of an abnormal result in a blood cell lab test SS, YH blood cell lab test abnormal AE an eosinophil percentage abnormal AE that has an outcome of increased eosinophil percentage YH, EB 10052222 eosinophil percentage increased AE a cardiac disorder AE that is characterized by a necrosis of the myocardium caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart SS WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68009203 心肌梗塞 10028596 myocardial infarction AE CTCAE: E10152 HPO: HP_0001658 NCIt: C27996 SIDER: C0027051 a neutrophil count abnormal AE that has an outcome of increased neutrophil count YH 10029368 neutrophil count increased AE HPO: HP_0011991 SIDER: NA an adverse event that shows a complication that occurs after a medical procedure such as a surgery. SS, YH post-procedural AE procedural disorder AE procedure AE procedural complication AE an adverse event that has an outcome of injury after a medical intervention. SS, YH 10022116 injury AE an injury AE which has an outcome of head injury SS, YH 10019196 head injury AE a behavior and neurological AE that has an abnormal outcome in social behavior SS, YH social behavior AE a social behavior AE that has an outcome of impaired work ability SS, YH impaired work ability AE an allergy AE which has an outcome of injection-site allergic reaction 10022095 injection-site allergic reaction AE a myelitis AE which has an outcome of myelitis transverse. Transverse myelitis (in Latin nomenclature: myelitis transversa) is a neurological disorder caused by an inflammatory process of the spinal cord, and can cause axonal demyelination. SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transverse_myelitis 10028527 myelitis transverse AE a skin adverse even that has an outcome of warm skin SS, YH skin warm AE Nystagmus AE is an eye AE that is a condition of involuntary eye movement, acquired in infancy or later in life, that may result in reduced or limited vision. Due to the involuntary movement of the eye, it is often called "dancing eyes". JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nystagmus 10029864 nystagmus AE CTCAE:E12748 NCIt:C3282 眼球震颤 a dermatitis AE that has an outcome of dermatitis bullous SS, YH bullous pemphigoid AE 10012441 Bullous pemphigoid is a skin disorder characterized by large blisters. dermatitis bullous AE HPO: HP_0011123 SIDER: C0085932 a skin adverse event that is characterized by an uncomfortable and temporary sensation of intense body warmth, flushing, sometimes accompanied by sweating upon cooling. SS, YH, MW hot flash AE hot flashes AE hot flush AE 10020407 hot flushes AE CTCAE: E13781 HPO: HP_0008209 NCIt: C3109 SIDER: C0600142 a KIV-induced adverse event that has an outcome of Afluria-induced adverse event YH Afluria-induced adverse event an adverse event that results in the outcome of a tumor. mass AE nodule AE tumour AE 10026865 YH, RR tumor AE a respiratory system AE which has an outcome of wheezing, a high-pitched whistling sound made while breathing. SS, YH, MW WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/wheezing/basics/definition/sym-20050764 10047924 wheezing AE CTCAE:E13605 NCIt:C78718 a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of weight bearing difficulty weight bearing difficulty is a behavior AE that results in difficulty in managing the amount of weight a patient puts on the leg on which surgery has been performed. In general, it is described as a percentage of the body weight, because each leg of a healthy person carries the full body weight when walking, in an alternating fashion. SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weight-bearing weight bearing difficulty AE A contraindication is a disposition that increases the risk of harm involved in using a particular drug, carrying out a medical procedure, or engaging in a particular activity such that the risk of harm exceeds a threshold. An contraindication serves as a reason to withhold a certain medical treatment. Yongqun He, Sirarat Sarntivijai, Mathias Brochhausen, William Hogan, ‎Philip E. Empey http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraindication contraindication a drug administration that uses incorrect drug dose YH incorrect drug dose administration an Afluria-induced adverse event that has an outcome of Afluria-induced fever in child YH WEB: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM220730.pdf Afluria-induced fever AE in child an Afluria-induced adverse event that has an outcome of Afluria-induced cough in child YH WEB: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM220730.pdf Afluria-induced cough AE in child an Afluria-induced adverse event which has an outcome of Afluria-induced injection site pain YH WEB: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM220730.pdf Afluria-induced injection site pain AE an Afluria-induced adverse event that has an outcome of Afluria-induced injection site redness YH WEB: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM220730.pdf Afluria-induced injection site redness AE an Afluria-induced AE that has an outcome of Afluria-induced inject site swelling YH WEB: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM220730.pdf Afluria-induced inject site swelling AE an Afluria-induced adverse event that has an outcome of Afluria-induced headache YH WEB: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM220730.pdf Afluria-induced headache AE an adverse event that occurs systematically throughout the systemic circulation. This is different from local adverse event that is limited or a certain location. YH, JX systematic adverse event URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverse_drug_reaction systematic AE A pregnancy, neonatal and perinatal AE that displays a disorder associated with pregnancy. prenatal AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complications_of_pregnancy WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prenatal_diagnosis YH, JX pregnancy AE a temporal interval that starts at the time a medical intervention occurs and ends at the time an adverse event outcome appears. This is the time = 'time instant of an adverse event outcome observed' - 'time instant of medical intervention'. YH, XZ adverse event incubation time a procedure complication AE that occurs after a surgery. YH surgery AE surgery adverse event surgical procedure AE The key difference between a surgery and a procedure is the need for an incision. Making an incision, or cutting into the skin to gain access to the body’s deeper tissues or organs, is a defining characteristic of surgery. Technically speaking, a surgery is a specific type of procedure. A procedure is a broad general term that refers to any series of pre-defined steps that should be followed to achieve a desired result. Therefore, a “surgical procedure” is synonymous with a “surgery.” See more: http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-is-the-difference-between-a-surgery-and-a-procedure.htm. surgery adverse event Surgery is a medical procedure that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury, to help improve bodily function or appearance. The key difference between a surgery and a general procedure is the need for an incision. Making an incision, or cutting into the skin to gain access to the body’s deeper tissues or organs, is a defining characteristic of surgery. YH, SS surgical procedure WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgery WEB: http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-is-the-difference-between-a-surgery-and-a-procedure.htm 10042609 surgery a sugery adverse event that has an outcome of pressure ulcer. YH surgery-induced bedsore AE surgery-induced decubitus ulcer AE surgery-induced pressure ulcer AE an adverse event which occurs in a metabolism process (including anabolism and catabolism), endocrine system, or exocrine system. SS, YH, JX metabolism, endocrine, and exocrine system AE 10027433 metabolism, endocrine or exocrine system AE MP: 0005266 an adverse event that occurs in clinical trial. YH clinical trial adverse event a termporal instant that is the time when a medical intervention occurs. YH time instant of medical intervention time at medical intervention a temporal instant that is the time when an outcome of an adverse event (e.g., fever) is observed. YH time instant of an adverse event outcome observed an influenza vaccine adverse event that is induced by a live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV). YH LAIV-induced adverse event an LAIV-induced adverse event that is caused by the FluMist LAIV. YH WEB: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM123743.pdf FluMist-induced adverse event a FluMist-induced adverse event that has an outcome of FluMist-induced runny nose YH FluMist-induced runny nose AE a FluMist-induced AE that has an outcome of FluMist-induced nasal congestion YH FluMist-induced nasal congestion AE a planned process that is specifically a test conducted in a clinical laboratory. Rebecca Racz, Yongqun He medical laboratory test WEB: http://labmed.ascpjournals.org/content/40/2/105.full clinical laboratory test A FluMist-induced AE that has an outcome of sore throat YH WEB: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM123743.pdf FluMist-induced sore throat AE in adult a tumore AE that results in the outcome of a benign tumor. YH benign tumor AE a tumore AE that results in the outcome of a malignant tumor. YH malignant tumor AE a sensory capability AE that resuls in an uncomfortable feeling. YH discomfort AE HPO: HP_0010832 SIDER: C0234215 a reproductive system AE that occurs on the female side. YH 10038604 female reproductive system AE a reproductive system AE that occurs on the male side. YH male reproductive system AE a cardiovascular disorder AE that has a cardiac disorder outcome. SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/heart+disease Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23091623 10007541 10061024 cardiac disorder AE HPO: HP_0001627 SIDER: C0018799 a cardiovascular disorder AE that has a vascular disorder outcome 10047065 vascular disorder AE a skin adverse event that results in an inflammation of skin SS, YH 10012431 dermatitis AE HPO: HP_0011123 SIDER: C0011603 a drug adverse event that is induced by aspirin. YH WEB: http://www.consumerreports.org/health/prescription-drugs/aspirin/while-taking.htm aspirin-induced adverse event an aspirin-induced adverse event that is induced by the aspirin drug Aspidrox. Aspidrox-induced adverse event an aspirin-induced adverse event that has an outcome of nausea YH WEB: http://www.consumerreports.org/health/prescription-drugs/aspirin/while-taking.htm aspirin-induced nausea AE an aspirin-induced adverse event that has an outcome of vomiting YH WEB: http://www.consumerreports.org/health/prescription-drugs/aspirin/while-taking.htm aspirin-induced vomiting AE an aspirin-induced adverse event that has an outcome of stomach pain YH WEB: http://www.consumerreports.org/health/prescription-drugs/aspirin/while-taking.htm aspirin-induced stomach pain AE an aspirin-induced adverse event that has an outcome of heartburn YH WEB: http://www.consumerreports.org/health/prescription-drugs/aspirin/while-taking.htm aspirin-induced heartburn AE an aspirin-induced adverse event that has an outcome of rash symptom. YH WEB: http://www.consumerreports.org/health/prescription-drugs/aspirin/while-taking.htm aspirin-induced rash AE a medical intervention that is used for therapeutic purpose YH therapeutic intervention YH a drug adverse event that is caused by a drug adiministration. Here a causal effect is established between the drug administration and the adverse event. causal adverse drug event a medical device adverse event that is induced or caused by a medical device. There is a causal relation between the adverse event and the usage of a medical device. YH adverse event induced by medical device an adverse event that is induced by a vaccination. YH vaccine-induced adverse event a surgery adverse event that is caused by a surgery. YH surgery-induced adverse event YH a nutritional product adverse event that has a causal assocition with the usage of the nutritional product. nutritional product-induced adverse event influenza like illness AE is an adverse event that has an outcome of a medical diagnosis of possible influenza or other illness causing a set of common symptoms SS, YH acute respiratory infection, ARI, flu-like syndrome WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza-like_illness 10016791 influenza like illness AE HPO: HP_0005376 MDR: 10022004 SIDER: C0521839 a prediction process that allows prediction of a causal adverse event induced by a medical intervention. YH prediction of causal adverse event a prediction of causal adverse event that is induced by a vaccination. YH prediction of causal vaccine adverse event YH a pathogen infection adverse event that has an outcome of a fungal infection. 10017533 fungal infection AE HPO: HP_0002841 SIDER: C0026946 a prediction of causal adverse event that is induced by a drug administration. YH prediction of causal drug adverse event a prediction of causal adverse event that is induced by a usage of a medical device. YH prediction of causal medical device adverse event a prediction of causal adverse event that is induced by a surgery operation. YH prediction of causal surgery adverse event a planned process that leads to the identification of a causal relation between an existing adverse event and a medical intervention. YH determination of causal adverse event an identification of causal adverse event that is induced by a vaccination. YH determination of causal vaccine adverse event an identification of causal adverse event that is induced by a drug administration. YH determination of causal drug adverse event an identification of causal adverse event that is induced by a surgery. YH determination of causal surgery adverse event an identification of causal adverse event that is induced by a usage of a medical device. YH determination of causal medical device adverse event an intrinsic factor of adverse event that is a determinant factor for the outcome of a causal adverse event. YH intrinsic factor of causal adverse event an extrinsic factor of adverse event that is a determinant factor for the outcome of a causal adverse event. YH extrinsic factor of causal adverse event a role that is extrinsic to a patient and is associated with an adverse event. No causal effect between this factor and the adverse event is assumed. Examples include environment, diet, smoking, alcohol use, herbal product, drug-drug interaction. YH extrinsic factor of adverse event a role that is intrinsic to a patient and is associated with an adverse event. No causal effect between this factor and the adverse event is assumed. Examples include: age, race, organ dysfunction, disease, pregrancy, lactation, gender, and genetics. YH intrinsic factor of adverse event YH an extrinsic factor of adverse event that is from environment. environment factor of adverse event YH an intrinsic factor of adverse event that is the age of a patient. age factor of adverse event YH an intrinsic factor of adverse event that is the race of a patient. race factor of adverse event YH an intrinsic factor of adverse event that is the gender of a patient. gender factor of adverse event YH an intrinsic factor of adverse event that is the organ dysfunction of a patient. organ dysfunction factor of adverse event YH an intrinsic factor of adverse event that is a disease of a patient. disease factor of adverse event YH an intrinsic factor of adverse event that is the pregrancy of a patient. pregrancy factor of adverse event YH an intrinsic factor of adverse event that is the lactation of a patient. lactation factor of adverse event YH an intrinsic factor of adverse event that is the genetics of a patient. genetics factor of adverse event a planned process that reports an adverse event. YH adverse event reporting an adverse event reporting that is to report a vaccine adverse event. YH vaccine adverse event reporting an adverse event reporting that is to report a drug adverse event. YH drug adverse event reporting YH adverse event causality a quality that represents the level of causality between a medical intervention and an adverse event outcome. causality of adverse event YH a causality level of AE that is definite. definite AE causality YH a causality level of AE that is probable. probable AE causality YH a causality level of AE that is doubtful. doubtful causality of adverse event doubtful AE causality YH a causality level of AE that is possible. possible causality of adverse event potential causality of adverse event Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 20. possible AE causality an adverse event reporting that is to report a medical device adverse event. YH medical device adverse event reporting an adverse event reporting that is to report a surgery adverse event. YH surgery adverse event reporting an identification of causal drug adverse event that is based on the Naranjo criteria. YH S.R. Ahmed. Adverse drug event monitoring at the Food and Drug Administration. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 18 (2003) 57-60. determination of causal drug adverse event by Naranjo criteria an identification of causal drug adverse event that is based on the Drug Interaction Probability Scale (DIPS). The DIPS uses a series of questions relating to the potential drug interaction to estimate a probability score. As a comparison, the Naranjo scale has proved to be useful for assessing the causality of adverse events, particularly for single-drug adverse drug reactions. DIPS involves in two drugs: the drug that is affected (object drug) and the drug that causes the change to the object drug (precipitant drug). YH J. R. Horn, P. D. Hansten, and L Chan. Proposal for a new tool to evaluate drug interaction cases. The Annals of Pharmocotherapy. 2007 April, Volume 41. Page 674-680. determination of causal drug adverse event by DIPS an information content entity that lists one of 10 questions for the Drug Interaction Probability Scale (DIPS). YH J. R. Horn, P. D. Hansten, and L Chan. Proposal for a new tool to evaluate drug interaction cases. The Annals of Pharmocotherapy. 2007 April, Volume 41. Page 674-680. DIPS question DIPS question 1: Are there previous credible reports of this interaction in humans? Three answers: Yes (+1), No (-1), and Unk or NA (0) YH DIPS question 1 DIPS question 2: Is the observed interaction consistent with the known interactive properties of precipitant drug? Three answers: Yes (+1), No (-1), and Unk or NA (0) YH DIPS question 2 DIPS question 3: Is the observed interaction consistent with the known interactive properties of object drug? Three answers: Yes (+1), No (-1), and Unk or NA (0) YH DIPS question 3 DIPS question 4: Is the event consistent with the known or reasonable time course of the interaction (onset and/or offset)? Three answers: Yes (+1), No (-1), and Unk or NA (0) YH DIPS question 4 DIPS question 5: Did the interaction remit upon dechallenge of the precipitant drug with no change in the object drug? (if no dechallenge, use Unknown or NA and skip Question 6) Three answers: Yes (+1), No (-2), and Unk or NA (0) YH DIPS question 5 DIPS question 6: Did the interaction reappear when the precipitant drug was readministered in the presence of continued use of object drug? Three answers: Yes (+2), No (-1), and Unk or NA (0) YH DIPS question 6 DIPS question 7: Are there reasonable alternative causes for the event? Three answers: Yes (-1), No (+1), and Unk or NA (0) aConsider clinical conditions, other interacting drugs, lack of adherence, risk factors (eg, age, inappropriate doses of object drug). A NO answer presumes that enough information was presented so that one would expect any alternative causes to be mentioned. When in doubt, use Unknown or NA designation. YH DIPS question 7 DIPS question 8: Was the object drug detected in the blood or other fluids in concentrations consistent with the proposed interaction? Three answers: Yes (+1), No (0), and Unk or NA (0) YH DIPS question 8 DIPS question 9: Was the drug interaction confirmed by any objective evidence consistent with the effects on the object drug (other than drug concentrations from question 8)? Three answers: Yes (+1), No (0), and Unk or NA (0) YH DIPS question 9 DIPS question 10: Was the interaction greater when the precipitant drug dose was increased or less when the precipitant drug dose was decreased? Three answers: Yes (+1), No (-1), and Unk or NA (0) YH DIPS question 10 an AE causality score that is represented as a score of the Drug Interaction Probability Scale (DIPS). Score: Highly Probable: >8 Probable: 5–8 Possible: 2–4 Doubtful: <2 Yongqun He Drug Interaction Probability Scale Horn JR, Hansten PD, Chan LN. Proposal for a new tool to evaluate drug interaction cases. Ann Pharmacother. 2007 Apr;41(4):674-80. PMID: 17389673. DIPS score YH one of the Naranjo criteria that are frequently used for determination of causality for suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Naranjo CA, Busto U, Sellers EM et al. (1981). "A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions". Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 30 (2): 239–45. doi:10.1038/clpt.1981.154. PMID 7249508. WEB: http://livertox.nih.gov/Narajo.html Naranjo criterium DIPS question 1: Are there previous conclusive reports on this reaction? Three answers: Yes (+1), No (0), and Don't Know (0) YH Naranjo criterium 1 DIPS question 2: Did the adverse reaction appear after the suspected drug was administered? Three answers: Yes (+2), No (-1), and Don't Know (0) YH Naranjo criterium 2 DIPS question 3: Did the adverse reaction improve when the drug was discontinued or a specific antagonist was administered? Three answers: Yes (+1), No (0), and Don't Know (0) YH Naranjo criterium 3 DIPS question 4: Did the adverse reaction reappear when the drug was readministered? Three answers: Yes (+2), No (-1), and Don't Know (0) YH Naranjo criterium 4 DIPS question 5: Are there alternative causes that could on their own have caused the reaction? Three answers: Yes (-1), No (+2), and Don't Know (0) YH Naranjo criterium 5 DIPS question 6: Did the reaction reappear when a placebo was given? Three answers: Yes (-1), No (+1), and Don't Know (0) YH Naranjo criterium 6 DIPS question 7: Was the drug detected in the blood (or other fluids) in concentrations known to be toxic? Three answers: Yes (+1), No (0), and Don't Know (0) YH Naranjo criterium 7 DIPS question 8: Was the reaction more severe when the dose was increased or less severe when the dose was decreased? Three answers: Yes (+1), No (0), and Don't Know (0) YH Naranjo criterium 8 DIPS question 9: Did the patient have a similar reaction to the same or similar drug in any previous exposure? Three answers: Yes (+1), No (0), and Don't Know (0) YH Naranjo criterium 9 DIPS question 10: Was the adverse event confirmed by any objective evidence? Three answers: Yes (+1), No (0), and Don't Know (0) YH Naranjo criterium 10 a score of the Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scaling SCORING: ≥9 = definite; 5–8 = probable; 1–4 = possible; ≤0 = doubtful Yongqun He Naranjo CA, Busto U, Sellers EM et al. (1981). "A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions". Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 30 (2): 239–45. doi:10.1038/clpt.1981.154. PMID 7249508. WEB: http://livertox.nih.gov/Narajo.html Naranjo ADR probability score an adverse event causal association score that represents a probability that an adverse event is caused (induced) by a medical intervention. For an adverse event this is likely caused by a medical intervention, the causal adverse event (CAE) probabllity is in between 0 and 1. For a known causal adverse event, the CAE probabllity is 1. Alternatively, a CAE probability can be described as a scale that can go beyond the 0-1 range. For example, the Naranjo ADR probabililty score is a score that use scale with a wide range. YH CAE probability causal adverse event probability a peripheral neuropathy AE which has an outcome of sensory neuropathy that involves damage to nerves of the peripheral nervous system. YH, AG sensory neuropathy AE sensory neuropathy AE a sensory neuropathy AE which has an outcome of distal sensory neuropathy that involves damage to distal sensory nerves of the peripheral nervous system. YH, AG distal sensory neuropathy AE a distal sensory neuropathy AE that is chronic. YH, AG chronic distal sensory neuropathy AE a neuropathy AE that is induced by a drug administration AG, YH https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000700.htm drug-induced neuropathy AE Tremor AE is a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of an involuntary trembling or quivering, and muscle contraction and relaxation. SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tremor.html 10044565 tremor AE CTCAE: E12837 HPO: HP_0001337 NCIt: C38038 SIDER: C0040822 a neuropathy AE which shows symptoms due to the damage to the autonomic nerves. This damage disrupts signals between the brain and portions of the autonomic nervous system, such as the heart, blood vessels and sweat glands. This can cause decreased or abnormal performance of one or more involuntary body functions. AG, YH WEB: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/neuropathy/article_em.htm#types_of_neuropathy WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/autonomic-neuropathy/basics/definition/con-20029053 10061666 autonomic neuropathy AE HPO: HP_0002270 SIDER: C0259749 UMLS CUI: C0259749 a peripheral neuropathy AE which is caused by a damage to motor neurons AG, YH motor neuropathy AE A peripheral neuropathy AE which is characterized by damage to more than one nerve AG, YH, RR WEB: http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/brain_spinal_cord_and_nerve_disorders/peripheral_nerve_disorders/polyneuropathy.html 10036105 polyneuropathy AE HPO: HP_0001271 SIDER: C0152025 a neuropathy AE which is characterized by isolated damage of a single nerve AG, YH 10062203 mononeuropathy AE a peripheral neuropathy AE which affects extremities, such as, toes, fingers, hand and feet. AG, YH axonal neuropathy AE WEB: http://www.livestrong.com/article/184686-distal-neuropathy-symptoms/ distal neuropathy AE a nervous system AE that affects the neuronal cell body AG, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3922643/ neuronopathy AE A neuritis AE which has an outcome of mononeuritis characterized by isolated inflammation of one nerve. AG, YH 10027910 mononeuritis AE A neuritis AE which has an outcome of polyneuritis characterized by isolated inflammation of many nerves. AG, YH polyneuritis AE a mononeuritis AE which has an outcome of mononeuritis multiplex which involves damage to at least two seperate unrelated nerve area. AG, YH mononeuritis multiplex AE a sensory neuropathy AE which has an outcome of acute sensory neuropathy that is characterized by rapid onset AG, YH acute sensory neuropathy AE a disposition that represents a risk factor associated with the occurrence of an adverse event. AG, YH AE risk factor A data item that is calculated as the number of patients realized with an adverse event beginning in an interval divided by the number of patients taking the same medical intervention within the same interval. The incidence thus indicates the number of newly occurring events over time. AG, YH WEB: http://www.crilifetree.com/pdfs/drug-safety/long-term-safety-study-of-morphine-sulfate-and-naltrexone-hydrochloride.pdf AE incidence rate a causal adverse drug event that is induced by a drug-drug interaction. YH, LT WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/drug+interaction 10013710 causal adverse drug event due to drug-drug interaction a causal adverse drug event that is induced by a food-drug interaction. YH, LT causal adverse drug event due to food-drug interaction a causal adverse drug event that is induced bygenetic predisposition. YH, LT causal adverse drug event due to genetic predisposition a causal adverse drug event due to genetic predisposition that is specifically induced by SNP. YH, LT causal adverse drug event due to SNP a cardiovascular disorder AE that is a result of insufficient blood flow throughout the body. Shock often accompanies severe injury or illness. physiological shock AE shock WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shock_%28circulatory%29 WEB: http://njcc.nl/sites/default/files/pdf/review-2_1.pdf (Lima A. Circulatory shock and peripheral circulatory failure: a historical perspective. Netherlands Journal of Critical Care. 2014. 18:6. 14-18) WEB: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000039.htm 休克 10040560 Circulatory shock is not related to the emotional state of shock. Here is the Kumar and Parrilo definition of shock: "The state in which profound and widespread reduction of effective tissue perfusion leads first to reversible, and then if prolonged, to irreversible cellular injury". Reference: Kumar A, Parillo JE. Shock: pathophysiology, classification and approach to management. In: Parrillo JE, Parrillo JE, Bone RC (eds): Critical care medicine: Principles of diagnosis and management. Mosby: Toronto, 1995, pp 371-420. circulatory shock AE a psychiatric disorder AE that has an outcome of a loss of brain function and causes a long term and often gradual decrease in the ability to think and remember such that a person's daily functioning is affected. YH, MW WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia 痴呆 10012272 Dementia is a loss of brain function that occurs with certain diseases or pathological processes. dementia AE HPO: HP_0000726 SIDER: C0497327 A vascular disorder AE that results in the presence of blood clot along the wall of a blood vessel, frequently causing vascular obstruction. Some authorities differentiate thrombus formation from simple coagulation or clot formation. SS, YH, MW 血栓症; 血栓生成 10043607 thrombosis AE HPO: HP_0004419 SIDER: C0040053 a metabolic disorder AE that has an outcome of cell death. SS, YH 10057248 cell death AE GO: GO_0008219 SIDER: C0007587 a respiratory system AE which has an outcome of some respiratory tract neoplasm. YH 10029107 respiratory tract neoplasm AE competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A YH, AG, YL biochemical inhibitor role YH, AG, YL WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agonist agonist role YH, AG, YL WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receptor_antagonist In pharmacology, antagonists have affinity but no efficacy for their cognate receptors, and binding will disrupt the interaction and inhibit the function of an agonist or inverse agonist at receptors. antagonist role an inflammation AE that shows the result of an inflammation located in a vein, usually in the legs. YH, MW 10034879 phlebitis AE CTCAE:E13815 HPO: HP_0004419 NCIt:C38003 SIDER: C0031542 a liver, biliary, and pancreatic AE that has an outcome of pancreatitis. YH, MW 10033645 10033646 pancreatitis AE CTCAE: E10930 HPO: HP_0001733 NCIt: C3306 SIDER: C0030305 a cell death AE that has an outcome of apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms. SS, YH https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apoptosis 10059512 apoptosis AE a cell death AE that has an outcome of necrosis SS, YH necrosis AE HPO: HP_0003713 SIDER: C0027540 A cardiovascular disorder AE that results in Insufficient blood supply for the need of a part of the body, usually as a result of a disease of the blood vessels supplying that part. SS, YH ischaemia AE 10061255 Note: also spelt ischemia. ischemia AE HPO: HP_0002597 SIDER: C0022116 an adverse event that occurs in hair, skin, or nail. hair, skin, and nail AE YH, SS, JX hair, skin or nail AE a hair, skin, and nail AE that occurs in hair. YH, SS hair AE a hair, skin, and nail AE that occurs in nail. YH, SS nail AE a metabolism, endocrine, and exocrine system AE that occurs in endocrine system. 10014698 YH, SS endocrine system AE a metabolism, endocrine, and exocrine system AE that occurs in exocrine system YH, SS exocrine system AE an adverse event that displays a congential and genetic disorder. congenital abnormality AE 10010331 YH, SS congenital AE a muscular weakness AE that shows weakness or inability to move a body part, often used to describe a neurologic condition. WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paresis 局部麻痹 10033800 Neurologists use the term paresis to describe weakness, and plegia to describe paralysis in which all voluntary movement is lost. (Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paresis) paresis AE HPO: HP_0008153 SIDER: C0030552 a syndrome AE that has an outcome of cystic fibrosis, an inherited disease that affects the lungs, digestive system, sweat glands, and male fertility. YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cystic+fibrosis 10011762 cystic fibrosis AE HPO: HP_0006552 SIDER: C0010674 a tumore AE that results in the outcome of hyperplasia, an abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in an organ or tissue, which increases its volume. YH, SS hyperplasia AE HPO: HP_0010279 SIDER: C0020507 an adverse event that displays a disorder in abdomen. YH, SS abdominal AE an adverse event that results in genetic disorder. genetic disorder AE YH, SS genetic AE a liver, biliary, and pancreatic AE that has an outcome of hepatitis. YH hepatitis AE HPO: HP_0006562 SIDER: C0019158 an adverse event that displays an outcome of ulcer. YH, SS ulcer AE HPO: HP_0005229 SIDER: C0041582 a musculoskeletal and connective tissue AE that displays an outcome of fistula, a permanent abnormal passageway between two organs in the body or between an organ and the exterior of the body. WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/fistula 10067143 YH, SS fistula AE HPO: HP_0010294 SIDER: C0016169 an abnormal fluid regulation AE which has an outcome of extravasation, a discharge or escape, as of blood, from a vessel into the tissues. YH, SS WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/extravasation 10015866 extravasation AE an adverse event that displays an outcome of an sclerosis, the stiffening of a structure, usually caused by a replacement of the normal organ-specific tissue with connective tissue. YH, SS sclerosis AE a crying abnormal AE that has an outcome of abnormal inconsolable crying in a patient YH 10065283 inconsolable crying AE a crying abnormal AE that has an outcome of abnormal unusual high-pitched crying in a patient YH unusual high-pitched crying AE a crying abnormal AE that has an outcome of abnormal prolonged crying in a patient YH prolonged crying AE a decreased heart rate AE that results in a resting heart rate of under 60 beats per minutes (BPM). WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bradycardia WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bradycardia 10006093 bradycardia AE HPO: HP_0001662 SIDER: C0428977 an adverse event that displays a disorder associated with child birth, newborn infant, or an infant. pregnancy, neonatal and perinatal disorder AE 10036585 YH, JX prenatal, perinatal or neonatal disorder AE an errored drug administration where a patient is administered with an ineffective drug YH administration of ineffective drug an errored drug administration where a patient is administered with an ctive drug with decreased effectiveness YH administration of drug with decreased effectiveness a bupropion-induced adverse event that is induced by aplenzin administration YH aplenzin-induced adverse event an errored drug administration where a patient is administered with a drug above the therapeutic level YH drug overdose administration an errored drug administration where a patient is administered with an drug without knowing the dose used. YH administration of drug with omitted dose a quality that represents resistance of a patient to a drug. YH drug resistance an adverse event that occurs in the site of a medical intervention (e.g., vaccination injection site). YH application site reaction 10003055 medical intervention site AE a site that is used for a medical intervention YH medical intervention site an errored drug administration where a patient is administered with an drug stored in capsule with physical defect YH administration of drug stored in capsule with physical defect an errored drug administration where a patient is administered with an drug with wrong technique YH 10064353 administration of drug with wrong technique a drug administration where a patient is administered with an drug with incorrect route YH 10064304 administration of drug with incorrect route A pregnancy, neonatal and perinatal AE that displays a disorder associated with newborn infant or an infant. YH neonatal AE A pregnancy, neonatal and perinatal AE that displays a disorder associated with childbirth YH perinatal AE a medical intervention that has an errored medication YH 10027091 errored medication a medical intervention that has errored drug medication SS, YH 10064355 errored drug administration a therapeutic intervention that uses radiation YH radiotherapy a vascular disorder AE that affects the artery SS arterial disease AE arterial disorder AE HPO: HP_0002620 SIDER: C0852949 an artery disorder AE that is characterized by a narrowing of the blood vessels outside of the heart. SS peripheral artery disease AE peripheral artery disorder AE WEB: http://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v%3Aproject=medlineplus&query=peripheral+arterial+disease 10067825 peripheral arterial disease AE HPO: HP_0004950 SIDER: C1704436 an autoimmune disease AE that shows a symptom of dry red patches on the skin. SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/psoriasis WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psoriasis 10037153 psoriasis AE HPO: HP_0003765 SIDER: C0033860 a distal sensory neuropathy AE characterized by an increase in degree (cumulative) AG, YH cumulative distal sensory neuropathy AE a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of stress in a patient YH stress AE an abscess AE that has an outcome of a pocket of infected fluid and pus located inside the abdominal cavity DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000212.htm 10060921 abdominal abscess AE a discomfort AE that has an outcome of a stomach ache DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Abdominal+discomfort 10000059 abdominal discomfort AE HPO: HP_0002027 SIDER: C0232487 a sensory capability AE that results in a sensation of elevated abdominal pressure and volume DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0003609/ 10000060 abdominal distension AE CTCAE: E10456 HPO: HP_0003270 NCIt: C78161 SIDER: C0000731 a sepsis AE that has an outcome of sepsis in the abdominal area DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001687/ 10058040 abdominal sepsis AE an abdominal abscess AE that has an outcome of a collection of pus in the abdominal wall, causes inflammation DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002329/ 10000099 abdominal wall abscess AE a behavioral AE that results in uncharacteristic behaviors 12/19/2015: This term became obsolete since its meaning can be quite confusing. "behavior AE" is now considered as the synonym of 'behavioral and neurological AE'. DJ, SS, YH abnormal behavior AE abnormal behaviour AE behavioral AE 10061422 obsolete: behavior AE HPO: HP_0000708 SIDER: C0233514 a behavioral and neurological AE that results in odd dreams DJ, SS, YH 10000125 abnormal dreams AE an abortion AE that has an outcome of expulsion of a fetus from the uterus brought on intentionally by medication or instrumentation DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/induced+abortion 10000220 abortion induced AE an abortion AE that results in a miscarriage DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002458/ 10000234 abortion spontaneous AE HPO: HP_0005268 SIDER: C0000786 a skin AE that is characterized by pimples generally on the face, chest and back, caused by clogging of the pores DJ, SS, YH acne vulgaris AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/acne 10000496 acne AE HPO: HP_0001061 SIDER: C0702166 a immune system disorder AE that is caused by the HIV virus DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/hivaids.html 10000565 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AE HPO: HP_0002721 SIDER: C0001175 a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of a prolonged time taken for blood to clot. The partial thromboplastin time (PTT) is a blood test that looks at how long it takes for blood to clot. PTT measures the efficacy of the comon coagulation pathways and helps tell if bleeding or clotting problems exist. DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003653.htm 10000636 activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged AE CTCAE: E12073 HPO: HP_0003645 NCIt: C27028 SIDER: C0853223 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of a complication during stem cell or bone marrow transplant in which the newly transplanted donor cells in the intestine attack the transplant recipient's body DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001309.htm 10066264 acute graft versus host disease in intestine AE a skin AE that has an outcome of a complication during stem cell or bone marrow transplant in which the newly transplanted donor cells in the skin attack the transplant recipient's body DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001309.htm 10066262 acute graft versus host disease in skin AE a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of a type of acute leukemia, characterized by anemia, fatigue, weight loss, easy bruising, thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia with bacterial infections, and bone pain DJ, SS, YH acute lymphocytic leukaemia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Blast+count 10000846 acute lymphocytic leukemia AE HPO: HP_0006721 SIDER: C0023449 a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of the reoccurance of fast-growing cancer of the white blood cells where abnormal blasts do not fight infections after a period of remission DJ, SS, YH acute lymphocytic leukaemia recurrent AE WEB: http://marrow.org/Patient/Disease_and_Treatment/About_Your_Disease/ALL/Acute_Lymphoblastic_Leukemia_(ALL).aspx 10063620 acute lymphocytic leukemia recurrent AE a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of cancer in the myeloid line of blood cells, characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal white blood cells that accumulate in the bone marrow and interfere with the production of normal blood cells DJ, SS, YH acute myeloid leukaemia AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001569/ 10000880 acute myeloid leukemia AE HPO: HP_0004808 SIDER: C0023467 an acute myeloid leukemia AE that shows an recurrence of acute myeloid leukemia DJ, SS, YH acute myeloid leukaemia recurrent AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001569/ 10059034 acute myeloid leukemia recurrent AE a lung disorder AE that has the outcome fluid accumulation in the air spaces and parenchyma of the lungs with rapid onset DJ, SS, YH acute pulmonary oedema AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Acute+pulmonary+edema 10001029 acute pulmonary edema AE HPO: HP_0100598 SIDER: C0155919 a respiratory distress AE that prevents enough oxygen from getting to the lungs and into the blood DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001164/ 10001052 acute respiratory distress syndrome AE HPO: HP_0002093 SIDER: C0035222 a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of a condition in which not enough oxygen passes from the lungs into the blood, with rapid onset DJ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/rf/ 10001053 acute respiratory failure AE HPO: HP_0002093 SIDER: C0264490 a syncope AE that results in sudden episodes of fainting and sometimes seizures DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1518479/ 10001115 adams-stokes syndrome AE a reproductive system AE that results in the thickening of the walls of the uterus. This ccurs when endometrial tissue, which normally lines the uterus, moves into the outer muscular walls of the uterus. DJ, SS, YH endrometriosis interma AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002481/ 10056268 adenomyosis AE a viral infection that occurs in the respiratory system and has an outcome of viral infection by nonenveloped icosahedral viruses causing illness in the respiratory system DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Adenovirus+Infections 10060931 adenovirus infection AE HPO: HP_0004429 SIDER: C0001486 a tumor AE that results in an abnormal number of cells proliferating on the kidney(s) DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22486993 10061588 adrenal neoplasm AE an endocrine system AE that results in the suppression of the functions of the adrenal glands DJ, SS, YH 10001382 adrenal suppression AE a behavior and neurological AE that results in an increase in hostile behavior DJ, SS, YH 10001488 aggression AE HPO: HP_0000718 SIDER: C0001807 a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of acute leukopenia, or lowered white blood cell count, most commonly of neutrophils causing neutropenia in circulating blood JX, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001295.htm 粒性白血球缺乏症 10001507 agranulocytosis AE HPO: HP_0001913 SIDER: C0001824 an embolism AE that is caused by an air bubble in the vessel DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23295634 10001526 air embolism AE a liver related investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of an abnormal blood level of alanine aminotransferase DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23139615 10001547 alanine aminotransferase level abnormal AE an alanine aminotransferase level abnormal AE that has an outcome of a decrease in alanine aminotransferase level in body DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23139615 10001549 alanine aminotransferase level decreased AE an alanine aminotransferase level abnormal AE that has an outcome of elevated levels of alanine transaminase, an enzyme most commonly found in the liver DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23139615 10001551 alanine aminotransferase level increased AE CTCAE: E12077 NCIt: C26948 a liver/biliary system AE that is characterized by liver disease caused by the patient's alcoholic activity DJ, SS, YH 10001627 alcoholic liver disease AE a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of significantly different waking beta wave state DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20182997 10001854 altered state of consciousness AE a female reproductive system AE that is characterized by the absence of menstrual period in a woman of reproductive age DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21942684 10001928 amenorrhoea AE HPO: HP_0000141 SIDER: C0002453 an abnormal fluid regulation AE that results in a decreased volume of amniotic fluid during pregnancy DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22039031 10063356 amniotic fluid volume decreased AE an anus AE that has an outcome of a split or tear in the mucosa lining the lower rectum DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002116/ 10002153 anal fissure AE HPO: HP_0004378 SIDER: C0016167 an ulcer AE that has an outcome of an ulcer in the anal cavity DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17073250 10002180 anal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10496 NCIt: C79536 a vascular disorder AE that has an outcome of a leakage at the site of the intersection of two blood vessels DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23122582 10050456 anastomotic leak AE a cardiac disorder AE that is stable and shows the symptom of a chest pain due to ischemia of the heart DJ, SS, YH stable angina AE WEB: http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HeartAttack/SymptomsDiagnosisofHeartAttack/Angina-Pectoris-Stable-Angina_UCM_437515_Article.jsp# WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23016723 10002383 angina pectoris AE HPO: HP_0001681 SIDER: C0002962 a angina AE that is unstable and has an outcome of a condition in which the heart doesn't get enough blood flow through the blood vessels of the heart muscle, may lead to heart attack. DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001250/ 10002388 angina unstable AE HPO: HP_0001681 SIDER: C0002965 an immunology and allergy investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by antibodies present that are against cell-membrane phospholipids that provoke blood clots DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23231732 10048678 antiphospholipid antibodies positive AE a urinary system AE that has an outcome of the absence of urine formation DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/anuria 10002847 anuria AE HPO: HP_0100519 SIDER: C0003460 a vascular disorder AE that results in a condition affecting the aorta and aortic valves DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/medical/aorta_disorder.htm 10058648 aortic disorder AE HPO: HP_0001679 SIDER: C0003493 a cardiac valve disease AE that has an outcome of inability of the aortic valve to function effectively DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/a/aortic_valve_incompetence/intro.htm 10002915 aortic valve incompetence AE HPO: HP_0001659 SIDER: C0003504 a congenital abnormality AE with an outcome of defective development or congenital absense of an organ or tissue DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/737831 10002961 aplasia AE HPO: HP_0010515 SIDER: C0243065 Aplastic anaemia AE is an anemia AE that occurs when the bone marrow, and the blood stem cells that reside there are damaged. This causes a deficiency of all three blood cell types (pancytopenia): red blood cells (anemia), white blood cells (leukopenia), and platelets (thrombocytopenia). DJ, SS, JX, YH aplastic anemia WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23292240 再生障碍性贫血 10002967 aplastic anaemia AE HPO: HP_0001915 SIDER: C0002874 a serious AE that is due to an allergic brochospasm, which causes a serious problem with breathing and requires treatment in an emergency room. YH, JX URL: http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/HowToReport/ucm053087.htm URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchospasm allergic brochospasm AE that requires treatment in emergency a hypersensitivity AE that occurs at the site of an application of a medical intervention (e.g., drug administration or vaccination). DJ, SS, YH 10063683 application site hypersensitivity AE an infection AE that occurs at the site of drug application DJ, SS, YH 10049041 application site infection AE a hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of bleeding in the arteries DJ, SS, YH arterial bleeding AE arterial haemorrhage AE 10060964 arterial hemorrhage AE CSF protein increased AE is an abnormal cerebrospinal fluid production that results in and increase in blood level CSF protein SS, YH 10011575 CSF protein increased AE a neurological, special senses and psychiatric investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of an abnormal result in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection test that examines the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord This should be inferred as a "AE: lab test abnormal". SS, YH, EB WEB: www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003428.htm 10059703 CSF test result abnormal AE Henoch-Schonlein purpura AE is a purpura AE, a systemic vasculitis (inflammation of blood vessels) characterized by deposition of immune complexes containing the antibody IgA in the skin and kidney. This results from some allergic response, SS, YH allergic purpura, anaphylactoid purpura, vascular purpura WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henoch-Schonlein_purpura 10019617 Henoch-Schonlein purpura AE HPO: HP_0000979 SIDER: C0034152 SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abasia 10049460 a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of abasia, a movement disorder that results in and inability to walk due to impaired muscle coordination abasia AE HPO: HP_0002540 SIDER: C0877217 a stomach pain AE that is observed in upper stomach SS, YH 10000087 abdominal pain upper AE HPO: HP_0002027 SIDER: C0232492 a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of loss of taste functions of the tongue, particularly the inability to detect sweetness, sourness, bitterness, saltiness, and umami (the taste of monosodium glutamate). SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ageusia 10001480 ageusia AE a sensory neuropathy AE that has an outcome of chronic sensory neuropathy characterized by being persistent or long-lasting in nature AG, YH chronic sensory neuropathy AE a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of a lack of functioning olfaction, an inability to perceive odors SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfaction 10002653 anosmia AE HPO: HP_0010632 SIDER: C0003126 a psychiatric disorder AE that has an outcome of a psychological and physiological state characterized by cognitive, somatic, emotional, and behavioral components. These components combine to create an unpleasant feeling that is typically associated with uneasiness, fear, or worry. SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anxiety 10002855 anxiety AE CTCAE: E12883 HPO: HP_0000739 NCIt: C26696 SIDER: C0003467 an arrhythmia AE that is characterized by rapid regular atrial contractions occurring usually at rates between 250 and 400 per minute and often producing saw-tooth waves in an electrocardiogram. SS AF auricular flutter WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/atrial+flutter 10003662 atrial flutter AE CTCAE: E10087 HPO: HP_0004749 NCIt: C51224 SIDER: C0004239 a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of a disturbance that causes an individual to feel unsteady, giddy, woozy, or have a sensation of movement, spinning, or floating. SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_disorder 10049848 balance disorder AE HPO: HP_0002141 SIDER: C0575090 blister AE is a skin adverse event that results in a small pocket of fluid within the upper layers of the skin SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blister 10005191 blister AE HPO: HP_0008066 SIDER: C0005758 cellulitis AE is an inflammation AE that is a diffuse inflammation of connective tissue with severe inflammation of dermal and subcutaneous layers of the skin SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulitis 10007882 cellulitis AE HPO: HP_0003553 SIDER: C0007642 a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of a type of perspiration usually associated with anxiety or fear SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_sweat cold sweat AE convulsion AE is a muscle adverse event that results in a medical condition where body muscles contract and relax rapidly and repeatedly, resulting in an uncontrolled shaking of the body SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convulsion 10010904 convulsion AE HPO: HP_0001250 SIDER: C0009951 SS, YH a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of difficulty in walking properly difficulty in walking AE a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of distortion of the sense of taste SS, YH, MW WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysgeusia 10013911 dysgeusia AE CTCAE:E12643 HPO: HP_0000223 NCIt:C28145 SIDER: C0013378 a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of dyskinesia SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyskinesia 10013916 dyskinesia is a movement disorder which consists of effects including diminished voluntary movements and the presence of involuntary movements dyskinesia AE HPO: HP_0100660 SIDER: C0013384 An abnormal respiration AE that is characterized by a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity. MedDRA: 10013968 is for "dyspnoea"; MedDRA: 10013963 is for "dyspnea". SS, YH air hunger dyspnoea shortness of breath WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyspnoea https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortness_of_breath https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/shortness-of-breath/basics/definition/sym-20050890 呼吸困难 10013963 10013968 dyspnea AE CTCAE: E13368 HPO: HP_0002094 NCIt: C2998 SIDER: C0013404 UMLS CUI: C0013404 SS, YH, EB WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromyography 10014431 a neurological, special senses and psychiatric investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of abnormal activity in skeletal muscles evaluted and measured by electromyography electromyogram result abnormal AE eye irritation AE is an eye disorder AE that results in mild eye redness, itching, or tearing SS, YH WEB: http://www.freemd.com/eye-irritation/ 10015946 eye irritation AE HPO: HP_0000478 SIDER: C0235266 eye pruritus AE is a pruritus AE (an unpleasant sensation that evokes the desire or reflex to scratch) at the eye area SS, YH 10052140 eye pruritus AE HPO: HP_0000989 SIDER: C0022281 glomerulonephritis AE is a kidney disorder AE that results in a renal disease that is characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli, or small blood vessels in the kidneys. SS, YH glomerular nephritis AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerulonephritis glomerulonephritis AE HPO: HP_0000099 SIDER: C0017658 A conduction system disorder AE that is a condition in which the electrical impulse from the bundle of His to the ventricles is delayed or fails to conduct along the right bundle branch, resulting in right ventricular depolarization by cell-to-cell conduction spreading from the interventricular septum and left ventricle to the right ventricle–ie, slow and uncoordinated Natural history Surgically induced RBBB has few acute hemodynamic consequences and a generally benign course long term; rarely, progression to complete heart block and sudden death occur, especially if accompanied by major His-Purkinje system–eg, left anterior hemiblock, first-degree AV block–injury; tetralogy of Fallot repair with an RBBB and a markedly prolonged QRS duration >180 ms have an ↑ risk for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. SS RBBB right bundle branch block WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/right+bundle+branch+block 10006582 bundle branch block right AE HPO: HP_0011712 SIDER: C0085615 a cardiac disorder AE of the electrical conduction system that controls the heart rate, generates and conducts electrical impulses throughout the muscle of the heart, stimulating the heart to contract and pump blood. SS cardiac conduction disorder AE conduction disorder AE WEB: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=8407 10000032 10010276 conduction system disorder AE CTCAE: E10114 NCIt: C78245 a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of hypoaesthesia, meaning that skin loses some of its sensitivity to pain or touch SS, YH disesthesia AE hypoaesthesia AE WEB:http://medguides.medicines.org.uk/document.aspx?name=hypoaesthesia 10020937 hypoesthesia AE HPO: HP_0010830 SIDER: C0020580 a thrombosis AE that has an outcome of a blood clot within an artery [SS] Per DRA and KKB's comment, arterial thrombosis may also be characterized as an embolism. DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23236330 10003178 arterial thrombosis AE HPO: HP_0004420 SIDER: C0151942 a viral infection AE that demonstrates an influenza viral infection. Influenza is an infectious disease caused by RNA viruses of the family Orthomyxoviridae (the influenza viruses), that affects birds and mammals SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza influenza AE HPO: HP_0005376 MDR: 10022000 SIDER: C0021400 a coronary artery disease AE with the outcome hardening of the coronary artery due to a build up of waxy plaque on the inside of blood vessels DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Coronary+Arteriosclerosis 10003211 arteriosclerosis coronary artery AE HPO: HP_0004929 SIDER: C0010054 injected limb mobility decreased AE is a mobility decreased AE that occurs in the limb in which injection is administered SS, YH injected limb mobility decreased AE a haematoma AE that has an outcome of injection-site haematoma, which results in a collection of blood outside the blood vessels at the physical area of injection SS, YH injection-site haematoma AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hematoma http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 10022066 injection-site hematoma AE injection-site induration AE is an skin AE that results in hardening or thickening of tissue at the physical injection site SS, YH WEB: http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=induration injection-site induration AE injection-site pruritus AE is an pruritus AE that results in an unpleasant sensation that evokes the desire or reflex to scratch at the physical area of injection SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itch WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pruritus 10022093 injection-site pruritus AE injection-site rash AE is a rash AE that results in a change of the skin which affects its color, appearance or texture at the physical injection site SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rash injection-site rash AE injection-site warmth AE is a homeostasis AE that results in feeling of warmth at the physical injection site SS, YH injection-site warmth AE A joint disorder AE that has an outcome of joint swelling, which is a joint disorder that results in a buildup of fluid in the soft tissue surrounding the joint SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003262.htm 10023232 joint swelling AE HPO: HP_0005833 SIDER: C0152031 an adverse event that occurs in kidney. SS, YH, DA abnormal renal function AE renal disorder AE https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001265.htm 10038428 kidney AE a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of an increase in production, secretion, and shedding of tears SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tears WEB: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6199 10023644 lacrimation increased AE HPO: HP_0009926 SIDER: C0152227 lip swelling AE is an edema (swelling) AE that results in enlargement or protuberance in the lip SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swelling_%28medical%29 10024570 lip swelling AE HPO: HP_0000159 SIDER: C0240211 A lymphadenopathy AE that results in swollen/enlarged lymph nodes SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphadenopathy lymphadenitis AE HPO: HP_0002840 SIDER: C0024205 mobility decreased AE is a nervous system AE that results in difficulty in movement leading to less ability to move part(s) of body SS, YH 10048334 mobility decreased AE HPO: HP_0006217 SIDER: C0700572 a muscle AE that has an outcome of muscular weakness AE (i.e., lack of muscle strength). SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscular_weakness 10028372 muscular weakness AE HPO: HP_0001324 SIDER: C0151786 a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of a sensation of stiffness in muscles and skeleton SS, YH 10052904 musculoskeletal stiffness AE HPO: HP_0003552 SIDER: C0948525 nasal congestion AE is a respiratory system AE that results in a blockage of the nasal passages usually due to membranes lining the nose becoming swollen from inflamed blood vessels SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasal_congestion 10028735 nasal congestion AE CTCAE: E13450 HPO: HP_0001742 NCIt: C78500 SIDER: C0027424 a respiratory system inflammation AE which has an outcome of nasopharyngitis, a respiratory system inflammation that results in common cold, a contagious, viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory system a respiratory system inflammation AE which has an outcome of nasopharyngitis, a respiratory system inflammation that results in common cold, a contagious, viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory system SS, YH common cold AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasopharyngitis nasopharyngitis AE HPO: HP_0002087 SIDER: C0027441 an neuropathy AE that results in a damage to the peripheral nervous system (PNS, outside the brain and spinal cord), the vast communication network that transmits information from the brain and the spinal cord (the central nervous system) to every other part of the body. SS, YH neuropathy peripheral AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy WEB: http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/peripheralneuropathy/detail_peripheralneuropathy.htm 10029331 peripheral neuropathy AE ocular hyperaemia AE is an eye disorder AE that results in severe redness and irritation of the eyes SS, YH ocular hyperaemia AE WEB: http://www.med.miami.edu/news/view.asp?id=259 10030041 ocular hyperemia AE a pain AE that has an outcome of oropharyngeal pain SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oropharyngeal_airway 10068319 oropharyngeal pain is a pain in oral airway oropharyngeal pain AE HPO: HP_0010833 SIDER: C2363731 an ear disorder AE which has an outcome of otitis media that results in inflammation of the middle ear, or middle ear infection SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otitis_media 10033078 otitis media AE CTCAE: E11477 HPO: HP_0008623 NCIt: C34885 SIDER: C0029882 an inflammation AE that has an outcome of pericaditis, which is a cardiovascular disorder that results in a condition in which the sac-like covering around the heart (pericardium) becomes inflamed SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000182.htm 10034484 pericarditis AE CTCAE: E10180 HPO: HP_0001701 NCIt: C34915 SIDER: C0031046 pharyngeal edema AE is an edema AE that results in an bbnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities in pharynx (throat swelling). SS, YH pharyngeal oedema AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68004487?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Mesh.Mesh_ResultsPanel.Mesh_RVDocSum pharyngeal edema AE pharyngitis AE is a digestive system AE that results in an inflammation of the throat or pharynx SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharyngitis 10034835 pharyngitis AE CTCAE: E11525 HPO: HP_0100776 NCIt: C26851 SIDER: C0031350 a pain AE that shows a pain in sinus and throat SS, YH, MW WEB: http://www.wordinfo.info/words/index/info/view_unit/1631/ 10034844 pharyngolaryngeal pain AE CTCAE: E13482 HPO: HP_0010833 NCIt: C78556 SIDER: C0858635 rash macular AE is a rash AE that results in a skin eruption in which the lesions are flat and less than 1 cm in diameter SS, YH rash macular AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/macular+rash macular rash AE HPO: HP_0000988 SIDER: C0221201 a rash AE that shows clustered papules, i.e., small, round, raised bumps that have clear borders. SS, YH rash papular AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rash WEB: http://www.healthline.com/symptom/papule WEB: http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/sym/papular_rash.htm 10037876 papular rash AE HPO: HP_0007432 SIDER: C0221202 A respiratory system AE thta is characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma leading to impaired gas exchange with concomitant systemic release of inflammatory mediators causing inflammation, hypoxemia and frequently resulting in multiple organ failure. SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndrome 10038687 respiratory distress AE HPO: HP_0002747 SIDER: C0476273 respiratory tract congestion AE is a respiratory system AE that results in congestion in respiratory tract SS, YH respiratory tract congestion AE retching AE is a digestive system AE that results in a process in the human body where gastric (and sometimes duodenal) contents are forced into the esophagus, but do not enter the pharynx SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retching 10038776 retching AE rhinitis AE is a respiratory system inflammation characterized by runny nose,irritation and inflammation of some internal areas of the nose SS, YH runny nose WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinitis WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/rhinitis 10028116 rhinitis AE HPO: HP_0002257 SIDER: C0035455 rhinorrhoea AE is a respiratory system AE that results in runny nose, an unusually significant amount of nasal fluid SS, YH rhinorrhoea AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinorrhoea rhinorrhea AE a pain AE that occurs in shoulder shoulder pain is a pain iin or around the shoulder joint SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003171.htm shoulder pain AE sinus congestion AE is a nasal congestion AE that results in blockage of the air cavities in the cranial bones or nasal passages usually due to membranes lining the nose becoming swollen from inflamed blood vessels SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinus_%28anatomy%29, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasal_congestion sinus congestion AE HPO: HP_0002257 SIDER: C0152029 sneezing AE is a respiratory system adverse event that results in sternutation, a semi-autonomous, convulsive expulsion of air from the lungs through the nose and mouth, usually caused by foreign particles irritating the nasal mucosa SS, YH, MW sternutation WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sneezing 10041232 sneezing AE CTCAE:E13572 NCIt:C50746 an increased heart rate AE where the heart rate exceeds the normal range for a resting heartrate (heartrate in an inactive or sleeping individual) SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachycardia 10043071 tachycardia AE HPO: HP_0001649 SIDER: C0039231 a tendon disorder AE that has an outcome of tendonitis SS, YH tendinitis AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendinitis tendonitis is a tendon disorder that results in an inflammation of a tendon tendonitis AE HPO: HP_0100261 SIDER: C0039503 a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of a sensation of tightness in the throat 10043528 throat tightness AE an infection AE is a respiratory system AE that results in illnesses caused by an acute infection which involves the upper respiratory tract: nose, sinuses, pharynx or larynx SS, YH URI, URTI WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_respiratory_tract_infection 10046300 upper respiratory tract infection AE CTCAE: E11604 HPO: HP_0002788 NCIt: C35650 SIDER: C0041912 a viral infection AE that results in an acute contagious diseased caused by herpes varicella zoster virus; causes a rash of vesicles on the face and body. SS, YH chicken pox AE varicella zoster virus infection AE WEB: http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=varicella varicella AE HPO: HP_0005428 SIDER: C0008049 a paresthesia AE that occurs in oral area. SS, YH paraesthesia oral AE http://www.answers.com/topic/oral-paresthesia 10057372 paraesthesia oral is a paresthesia that results in a numbness or tingling that occurs in the mucosa or tissues of the oral cavity. paresthesia oral AE HPO: HP_0003401 SIDER: C0521591 an abnormal body temperature AE which has an outcome of fever YH, SS, MW body temperature increased AE febrile response pyrexia AE Axelrod YK1, Diringer MN. Temperature management in acute neurologic disorders. Neurol Clin. 2008 May;26(2):585-603, xi. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2008.02.005. PMID: 18514828. WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrexia 10005911 10016558 10037660 Fever is a frequent medical sign that describes an increase in internal body temperature to levels above normal. Fever is characterized as a temporary elevation in the body's thermoregulatory set-point, usually by about 1-2 °F). fever AE CTCAE: E11102 NCIt: C3038 a skin AE that shows the symptom of rash, i.e., an abnormal change in skin color, appearance, or texture. A rash may cause the skin to change color, itch, become warm, bumpy, dry, cracked or blistered, swell and may be painful. YH URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rash URL: http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/guide/common-rashes Wick JY. Drug-induced rash: nuisance or threat? Consult Pharm. 2013 Mar;28(3):160-6. PMID: 23462025. 10037844 Drug-induced rash is the most commonly reported drug reaction. rash AE HPO: HP_0000988 SIDER: C0015230 an adverse event that has an outcome of a pathogen infection, i.e., an infection caused by a pathogen such as a virus, bacterium, or parasite. change of name from 'infection adverse event' to 'infectious adverse event' on 09/23/13 for a better clinical relevance, move 'infection adverse event' as an alternative term - SS YH, JX infectious adverse event WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/infection infection 10021789 infection AE An AE that has an outcome of syndrome. Syndrome is the association of several clinically recognizable features, signs (observed by a physician), symptoms (reported by the patient), phenomena or characteristics that often occur together, so that the presence of one feature alerts the physician to the presence of the others. YH syndrome AE a psychiatric disorder AE that has an outcome of emotional state of excitement or restlessness YH, MW 10001497 agitation AE CTCAE:E12874 HPO: HP_0000711 NCIt:C79530 SIDER: C0085631 injection-site AE is an AE that occurs in an injection site (e.g., during vaccination). YH, JX, SS injection site AE injection-site adverse event injection-site reaction local reaction AE 10022095 injection-site AE CTCAE: E11138 NCIt: C3508 a hypersensitivity AE which has an outcome of injection-site hypersensitivity YH injection-site hypersensitivity AE an edema AE which occurs at the injection site. In this case, a collection of fluid at the injection site is found. YH, RR injection-site oedema AE injection-site swelling AE WEB: http://www.uptodate.com/contents/edema-swelling-beyond-the-basics 10053425 injection-site edema AE a pain AE that occurs in an injection site of a medical intervention YH 10022086 injection-site pain AE an inflammation AE which has an outcome of injection-site inflammation YH injection-site inflammation AE a hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of injection-site hemorrhage YH 10022067 injection-site hemorrhage AE a tumor or mass AE that occurs in an injection-site YH, SS injection site nodule AE injection-site mass is a mass at physical injection site injection-site mass AE a skin adverse event that has an outcome of pruritus YH, SS, MW itch itching pruritus generalised AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=mesh&cmd=DetailsSearch&term=pruritus+generalised&log$=activity 10037087 Pruritus is an itch (Latin: pruritus), i.e., an unpleasant sensation that evokes the desire or reflex to scratch. pruritus AE CTCAE:E13686 HPO: HP_0000989 NCIt:C3344 SIDER: C0033774 a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of pain in a patient YH, MW 10033371 pain AE CTCAE: E11167 HPO: HP_0010833 NCIt: C3303 SIDER: C0030193 a pain AE that has outcome of myalgia. Myalgia means "muscle pain" and is a symptom of many diseases and disorders. YH, MW muscle pain AE 10028411 myalgia AE CTCAE:E12485 HPO: HP_0003326 NCIt:C27009 SIDER: C0231528 Urticaria AE is a rash AE notable for dark red, raised, itchy bumps. YH, MW hives 10046735 urticaria AE CTCAE:E13746 HPO: HP_0001025 NCIt:C3432 SIDER: C0042109 a pain AE that has an outcome of headache YH, MW 10019211 headache AE CTCAE: E12678 HPO: HP_0002315 NCIt: C34661 SIDER: C0018681 an AE that occurs in respiratory system. I created this term and make it to be an umbrella term for different disorder terms related to respiratory system. --Oliver He YH respiratory system AE a leukocyte cell number abnormal AE that has an outcome of greater than normal number of leukocytes, or nucleated cells of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages, found in blood or other tissue According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'leukocytosis' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 1,021 VAERS reports (0.8%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). SS, YH, EB increased leukocyte cell number AE leukocytosis AE white blood cell count increased AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukocytosis 10024378 10047943 leukocyte cell number increased AE CTCAE: E10048 MP: MP_0000218 NCIt: C35524 a leukocyte cell number abnormal AE that has an outcome of reduction in the number of leukocytes, or of nucleated cells of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages, found in blood or other tissue According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'leukopenia' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 417 VAERS reports (0.3%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). decreased leukocyte cell number AE white blood cell count decreased AE 10047942 leukocyte cell number decreased AE CTCAE: E12232 MP: MP_0000221 NCIt: C26816 a cardiovascular disorder AE that has an outcome of abnormal blood pressure, representing altered tension of the blood within the systemic arteries abnormal blood pressure AE MP: MP_0000230 a muscle adverse event which has an outcome of asthenia, which is a medical term denoting symptoms of physical weakness and loss of strength. YH 10003549 asthenia AE HPO: HP_0001324 SIDER: C0004093 a muscle pain AE that has an outcome of muscle ache. YH muscle ache AE A rash AE that shows a flat, red area on the skin overed with small confluent bumps. YH, MW maculopapular rash AE rash maculo-papular AE rash maculopapular AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maculopapular_rash 10037868 The term "maculopapular" is a compound: macules are small, flat discolored spots on the surface of the skin; and papules are small, raised bumps. maculo-papular rash AE CTCAE:E13700 NCIt:C75579 An joint disorder AE that has an outcome of arthralgia. Arthralgia means joint pain. It is a symptom of injury, infection, illnesses (in particular arthritis) or an allergic reaction to medication. According to MeSH, the term "arthralgia" should only be used when the condition is non-inflammatory, and the term "arthritis" should be used when the condition is inflammatory. YH, MW 10003239 arthralgia AE CTCAE:E12374 HPO: HP_0002829 NCIt:C50464 SIDER: C0003862 vesiculobullous rash AE is a rash AE characterized by serous-fluid-filled vesicles (blisters) YH vesiculobullous rash AE HPO: HP_0000988 SIDER: C0151883 a syndrome AE which has an outcome of screaming syndrome YH screaming syndrome AE a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of dizziness YH, SS, MW 10013573 Dizziness describes a number of subjective symptoms, which the patient may describe as feelings of lightheadedness, floating, wooziness, giddiness, confusion, disorientation or loss of balance. Medical terms include vertigo, disequilibrium, pre-syncope or syncoptic episode. Causes may stem from a variety of failures of equilibrioception, hypotension, cerebral hypoxia or a reaction to environmental chemicals or drugs. dizziness AE CTCAE:E12631 HPO: HP_0002321 NCIt:C37943 SIDER: C0012833 peripheral edema AE is an edema AE that results in swelling of tissues, usually in the lower limbs, due to the accumulation of fluids YH, SS edema peripheral AE oedema peripheral AE peripheral edema AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_edema 10030124 10050068 edema limbs AE CTCAE: E11086 NCIt: C78262 a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of malaise YH 10025482 Malaise is a feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness, an "out of sorts" feeling. Malaise is often the first indication of an infection or other disease. Vaccination may induce malaise. malaise AE CTCAE: E11152 HPO: HP_0002321 NCIt: C3832 SIDER: C0231218 a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of somnolence YH, SS, MW drowsiness 10041349 Somnolence (or "drowsiness") is a state of near-sleep, a strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long periods (c.f. hypersomnia). somnolence AE CTCAE:E12814 HPO: HP_0001262 NCIt:C26754 SIDER: C2830004 a sensory neuropathy AE that shows a sensation of tingling, pricking, or numbness of a person's skin with no apparent long-term physical effect. YH, MW paraesthesia AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraesthesia 10033775 10033987 Paresthesia is more generally known as the feeling of "pins and needles" or of a limb being "asleep" (although this is not directly related to the phenomenon of sleep). The manifestation of paresthesia may be transient or chronic. paresthesia AE CTCAE: E12758 NCIt: C28177 a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of abnormal crying in a patient YH 10011469 crying abnormal AE a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of chills YH feeling cold AE 10008531 Chills refers to feeling cold after an exposure to a cold environment. The word can also refer to an episode of shivering, accompanied by paleness and feeling cold. chills AE CTCAE: E11074 HPO: HP_0001945 NCIt: C35143 SIDER: C0085593 a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of stupor YH 10042264 Stupor is the lack of critical cognitive function and level of consciousness wherein a sufferer is almost entirely unresponsive and only responds to base stimuli such as pain. The word derives from the Latin stupure, meaning insensible. Being characterised by impairments of reactions to external stimuli, in this case, vaccine immunization. stupor AE HPO: HP_0004372 SIDER: C0085628 a gustatory system AE which demonstrates a decreased sensation of appetite. YH, MW anorexia nervosa AE decreased appetite AE WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/anorexia/basics/definition/con-20033002 厌食症 10002646 10002649 10061428 anorexia AE CTCAE: E12252 HPO: HP_0002039 NCIt: C2875 SIDER: C0003123 face edema AE is an edema AE that results in facial swelling, the build-up of fluid in the tissues of the face. Swelling may also affect the neck and upper arms YH, SS, MW emema face AE face oedema AE oedema face AE WEB:http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003105.htm swelling face 10014222 10016029 10042682 face edema AE CTCAE: E11082 NCIt: C78289 an abnormal respiration AE that shows a sudden and often repetitively occurring reflex to keep the throat and airways clear YH, SS, MW coughing AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cough WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/cough.html cough 10011224 cough AE CTCAE:E13364 NCIt:C37935 a syndrome AE that has an outcome of a flu syndrome AE and occurs after a medical intervention. YH flu-like symptom AE flu syndrome AE CTCAE: E11108 NCIt: C78302 a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of loss of consciousness, fainting YH, SS, MW Syncope is the medical term for fainting, a sudden, usually temporary, loss of consciousness. fainting WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syncope_%28medicine%29 WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unconsciousness 10024855 10042772 syncope AE CTCAE: E12832 HPO: HP_0001279 NCIt: C35053 SIDER: C0039070 a skin adverse event that has an outcome of sweating According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'sweating' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 2,301 VAERS reports (1.8%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH sweating AE HPO: HP_0000975 SIDER: C0038990 According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'abdominal pain' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 2,254 VAERS reports (1.8%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH, SS WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_pain 10000081 a pain AE that is observed in abdominal cavity abdominal pain AE HPO: HP_0002027 SIDER: C0000737 an abnormal blood pressure AE that has an outcome of sustained high blood pressure at a level that is likely to result in cardiovascular disease and/or other pathological states YH, SS, MW blood pressure increased WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21722707 10005750 10020772 hypertension AE CTCAE: E13785 HPO: HP_0000822 MP: MP_0000231 NCIt: C3117 SIDER: C0020538 a cardiac valve disease AE that is characterized by a condition of the heart in which the aortic valve, located between the aorta and left ventricle of the heart, is norrower than normal size SS WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/aortic+valve+stenosis 10002918 aortic valve stenosis AE HPO: HP_0005173 SIDER: C0003507 a muscular weakness AE that has an outcome of myasthenia. Myasthenia represenats myasthenia gravis, a neuromuscular disease leading to fluctuating muscle weakness and fatiguability. YH, SS myasthenia gravis myasthenia syndrome AE myasthenic syndrome AE myasthenia AE HPO: HP_0001324 SIDER: C0947912 a pain AE that occurs at the chest According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'chest pain' was mentioned in 1,752 VAERS reports (1.4%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH 10008479 chest pain AE HPO: HP_0001681 SIDER: C0008031 a sensory neuropathy AE which has an outcome of sensory axonal characterized by damage to axonas of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) AG, YH sensory axonal AE an abnormal vision AE characterised by leakage of fluid under the retina causing visual impairment, usually in one eye. SJ, YH central serous chorioretinopathy WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_serous_retinopathy 10063118 central serous retinopathy AE a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of twitching, an involuntary sudden movement of part of the body. According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'twitching' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 1,511 VAERS reports (1.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH twitching AE a seizure AE that has an outcome of a seizure disorder associated with an elevated temperature YH, BY http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1176205-overview febrile seizure AE a respiratory system AE which has an outcome of asthma YH 哮喘 10003553 Asthma is a common chronic lung disease. It has been defined by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute as a common chronic disorder of the airways that is complex and characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (bronchospasm), and an underlying inflammation. asthma AE HPO: HP_0002099 SIDER: C0004096 a pain AE that has an outcome of neck pain According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'neck pain' was mentioned in 1,323 VAERS reports (1.0%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH, MW 10028836 neck pain AE CTCAE: E12493 HPO: HP_0003418 NCIt: C50663 SIDER: C0007859 an arthritis AE that has an outcome of inflammation of a joint, resulting from infectious agents, such as bacteria and viruses DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/i/infectious_arthritis/intro.htm 10060968 arthritis infective AE HPO: HP_0003095 SIDER: C0003869 a pain AE that has an outcome of back pain According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'back pain' was mentioned in 1,277 VAERS reports (1.0%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH, MW 10003988 back pain AE CTCAE:E12388 HPO: HP_0003418 NCIt:C41830 SIDER: C0004604 a hair AE that has an outcome of alopecia and occurs after a medical intervention. VAE, MW 10001760 alopecia means the absence of hair or loss of hair. It is not usually in reference to primary genetic hairlessness but may be due to dietary, stress, secondary to immune condition. alopecia AE CTCAE:E13611 HPO: HP_0001596 MP: MP_0000414 NCIt:C50575 SIDER: C0002170 a hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of gastrointestinal hemorrhage gastrointestinal haemorrhage AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gastrointestinal+hemorrhage 10017955 bleeding in the stomach and/or the intestines gastrointestinal hemorrhage AE MP: MP_0000465 a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of eyes gaze upward According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'eyes gaze upward' was mentioned in 1,249 VAERS reports (1.0%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH eyes gaze upward AE a nervous system AE that shows a damage to or disease affecting the nerves. Neuropathy is often classified according to the types or location of nerves that are affected. Neuropathy can also be classified according to the disease causing it. (For example, neuropathy from the effects of diabetes is called diabetic neuropathy. Ref: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/neuropathy/article_em.htm#types_of_neuropathy. YH, RR WEB: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/neuropathy/article_em.htm WEB: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/neuropathy/article_em.htm#types_of_neuropathy WEB: http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/147963.php WEB: http://www.neuropathy.org/ 神经病变 neuropathy AE HPO: HP_0007141 SIDER: C0442874 a skin adverse event that has an outcome of skin nodule According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'skin nodule' was mentioned in 1,134 VAERS reports (0.9%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH skin nodule AE HPO: HP_0200036 SIDER: C0037287 a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of arthrosis. YH Arthrosis is an articular illness that produces fibrosis or degeneration of the cartilage. arthrosis AE a muscle adverse event which has an outcome of hypokinesia, refering to slow or diminished movement of body musculature. YH 10021021 hypokinesia AE HPO: HP_0002375 SIDER: C0086439 Muscle twitch AE is a twitching AE that is a small, local, involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation which may be visible under the skin. JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasciculation fasciculation AE muscle contraction AE myokymia AE 10028346 muscle twitch AE skin discoloration AE is a skin adverse event that results in change in color of skin or mucus membranes According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'skin discoloration' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 909 VAERS reports (0.7%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH, SS skin discolouration AE 10040829 skin discoloration AE a varicella zoster virus infection AE that occurs in adults and rarely in children. YH herpes zoster AE zoster AE WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shingles/basics/causes/con-20019574 10019974 Herpes zoster is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a limited area on one side of the body, often in a stripe. The initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes the acute (short-lived) illness chickenpox, and generally occurs in children and young people. Once an episode of chickenpox has resolved, the virus is not eliminated from the body but can go on to cause shingles (an illness with very different symptoms) often many years after the initial infection. shingles AE HPO: HP_0005353 SIDER: C0019360 a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of laryngismus According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'laryngismus' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 881 VAERS reports (0.7%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH laryngospasm sudden laryngeal spasm with crowing inhalation and cyanosis Laryngismus is an uncontrolled/involuntary muscular contraction (spasm) of the laryngeal cords. laryngismus AE a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of disorder in speech YH 10041466 speech disorder AE HPO: HP_0006977 SIDER: C0037822 a cardiovascular disorder AE that has an outcome of hemorrhage bleeding AE haemorrhage AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hemorrhage 10055798 loss of blood from the vascular compartment to the exterior or into nonvascular body space as a result of rupture or severance of the blood vessels hemorrhage AE MP: MP_0001914 a bone disorder AE which has an outcome of neck rigidity YH neck rigidity AE a nervous system AE that has the symptom of GBS. Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a disorder in which the body's immune system attacks part of the peripheral nervous system. The first symptoms of this disorder include varying degrees of weakness or tingling sensations in the legs. In many instances, the weakness and abnormal sensations spread to the arms and upper body. These symptoms can increase in intensity until the muscles cannot be used at all and the patient is almost totally paralyzed. In these cases, the disorder is life-threatening and is considered a medical emergency. Usually Guillain-Barre occurs a few days or weeks after the patient has had symptoms of a respiratory or gastrointestinal viral infection. Occasionally, surgery or vaccinations will trigger the syndrome. Reference: http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/gbs/gbs.htm. YH, SS GBS AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23299621 10018767 Guillain-Barre syndrome AE HPO: HP_0007131 SIDER: C0018378 an abnormal digestion AE which has an outcome of nausea and vomiting According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'nausea and vomiting' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 812 VAERS reports (0.6%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). This term will most likely removed since it is just a combination of nausea and vomiting. YH nausea and vomiting AE a sudden death AE that occurs to an infant. According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'sudden infant death' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 808 VAERS reports (0.6%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH sudden infant death AE a fever AE that has an outcome of fever with chills, which is successive stages of chills and fever. This is a symptom of malaria. YH chills and fever AE 10016559 fever with chills AE a psychiatric disorder AE that is characterized by enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating markedly from those accepted by the individual's culture. YH, MW WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personality_disorder 10034721 personality disorder AE HPO: HP_0000751 SIDER: C0031212 a respiratory system AE which has an outcome of lung disorder YH lung disorder AE 10025082 lung AE HPO: HP_0006552 SIDER: C0024115 a musculoskeletal system AE that occurs in muscle. YH muscle AE an adverse event that occurs in liver, biliary, and pancreatic areas. YH, JX liver, biliary, and pancreatic disorder AE URL: http://www.ijhpd.com/ WEB: http://www.uchospitals.edu/online-library/content=P00670 hepatobiliary or pancreatic AE a liver/biliary system AE which has an outcome of an enlarged liver, or larger than average size of the liver According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'hepatomegaly' was mentioned in 106 VAERS reports (<0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). enlarged liver AE MP: MP_0000599 a brain inflammation AE which results in an inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. The inflammation is caused by infection with viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms, and less commonly by certain drugs or diseases. YH, JX WEB: http://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/index.html 脑膜炎 10027199 meningitis AE CTCAE: E11458 HPO: HP_0001287 NCIt: C26828 SIDER: C0025289 an AE that occurs in digestive system. YH digestive system AE a paralysis AE that has an outcome of paralysis in face According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'facial paralysis' was mentioned in 580 VAERS reports (0.5%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH facial paralysis AE HPO: HP_0007209 SIDER: C0015469 a psychiatric disorder AE that has an outcome of confusion, which is a mild form of delirium. YH, KM confused state AE mental confusion AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mental+confusion 10010300 10010305 confusion AE CTCAE: E12889 NCIt: C37928 a musculoskeletal system AE which has an outcome of joint disorder YH joint disorder AE an AE that occurs in eye. YH eye disorder AE 10015916 eye AE HPO: HP_0000496 SIDER: C0015397 a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of autism YH Autism is a brain development disorder characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. autism AE a hematopoietic system AE which has an outcome of sedimentation rate increased According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'sedimentation rate increased' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 530 VAERS reports (0.4%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). This term should be inferred to lab test abnormal. YH ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate red blood cell sedimentation rate increased AE sedrate Sedimentation rate is a diagnostic test for inflammation. The test measures the rate at which red blood cells fall to the bottom of a tube over time. An increased sedimentation rate corresponds to increased non-specific inflammation in the body. It is often called "sedrate" for short. red blood cell sedimentation rate increased AE is an AE: sedimentation rate increased that has an increase in rate at which red blood cells precipitate in a period of 1 hour. sedimentation rate increased AE an arthritis AE that has an outcome of arthritis due to an infection in another part of the body DJ, SS, YH, DA reactive arthritis AE reiter's syndrome AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16822921 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2563769/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18436339 10003267 10038294 arthritis reactive AE an abnormal vision AE which has an outcome of amblyopia YH 10001906 amblyopia AE HPO: HP_0000646 SIDER: C0002418 a psychiatric disorder AE that has an outcome of mental retardation YH mental retardation AE HPO: HP_0001249 SIDER: C0025362 a rash AE which shows red, target-shaped or "bulls-eye" patches or sores on the skin. YH, MW WEB: http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/skin/erythema_multiforme.html WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythema_multiforme 10015218 The erythema multiforme rash usually begins on the arms, hands, legs, and feet, but you might also find it on the face, neck, and body. It also can affect the lips and inside the mouth. It usuallys follows an infection or drug exposure. erythema multiforme AE CTCAE:E13627 HPO: HP_0010783 NCIt:C3024 SIDER: C0014742 a lab test abnormal AE that has an outcome of SGOT increased According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'SGOT increased' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 477 VAERS reports (0.4%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH SGOT respresents serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, an enzyme that is normally present in liver and heart cells. SGOT is released into blood when the liver or heart is damaged. The blood SGOT levels are thus elevated with liver damage (for example, from viral hepatitis) or with an insult to the heart (for example, from a heart attack). Some medications can also raise SGOT levels. SGOT is also called aspartate aminotransferase (AST). SGOT increased AE a lab test abnormal AE that has an outcome of SGPT increased According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'SGPT increased' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 459 VAERS reports (0.4%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH SGPT represents serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, an enzyme that is normally present in liver and heart cells. SGPT is released into blood when the liver or heart are damaged. The blood SGPT levels are thus elevated with liver damage (for example, from viral hepatitis) or with an insult to the heart (for example, from a heart attack). Some medications can also raise SGPT levels. SGPT is also called alanine aminotransferase (ALT). SGPT increased AE a behavioral and neurological AE that has an outcome of thinking abnormality According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'thinking abnormality' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 457 VAERS reports (0.4%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH, JX 10043431 thinking abnormality AE an abnormal digestion AE which has an outcome of dyspepsia According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'dyspepsia' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 454 VAERS reports (0.4%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH 10013946 Dyspepsia is popularly known as indigestion, meaning hard or difficult digestion. It is a medical condition characterized by chronic or recurrent pain in the upper abdomen, upper abdominal fullness and feeling full earlier than expected when eating. dyspepsia AE CTCAE: E10617 HPO: HP_0002577 NCIt: C26756 SIDER: C0013395 an allergy AE which has an outcome of anaphylactoid reaction AE is an acute systemic (multi-system) and very severe Type I Hypersensitivity allergic reaction in humans and other mammals. Minute amounts of allergens may cause a life-threatening anaphylactic reaction. According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'anaphylactoid reaction' was mentioned in 452 VAERS reports (0.4%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22293078 10002198 10002216 anaphylactoid reaction AE HPO: HP_0100845 SIDER: C0340865 a digestive system AE which has an outcome of a gastrointestinal disorder According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'gastrointestinal disorder' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 449 VAERS reports (0.3%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH gastrointestinal disorder AE HPO: HP_0011024 SIDER: C0017178 an edema AE that has an outcome of accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23296107 10003445 ascites AE CTCAE: E10502 HPO: HP_0001541 NCIt: C2885 SIDER: C0003962 a hypersensitivity AE which has an outcome of serum sickness According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'serum sickness' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 428 VAERS reports (0.3%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH, MW 10040400 Serum sickness is a reaction to proteins in antiserum derived from an animal source. It is a type of hypersensitivity, specifically immune complex hypersensitivity (type III). serum sickness AE CTCAE: E11276 NCIt: C79718 an abscess AE which has an outcome of injection-site abscess YH injection-site abscess AE a neurological, special senses and psychiatric investigation result abnormal AE that is the abnormal result of a procedure that uses small, flat metal discs (electrodes) attached to your scalp to detect electrical activity in your brain According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'abnormal electroencephalogram' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 420 VAERS reports (0.3%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH, EB WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/eeg/MY00296 10000130 abnormal electroencephalogram result AE a dizziness AE that has an outcome of vertigo According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'vertigo' was mentioned in 412 VAERS reports (0.3%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH 10047340 Vertigo is a specific type of dizziness, a major symptom of a balance disorder. It is the sensation of spinning or swaying while the body is actually stationary with respect to the surroundings. The effects of vertigo may be slight. It can cause nausea and vomiting and, in severe cases, it may give rise to difficulties with standing and walking. vertigo AE CTCAE: E10291 HPO: HP_0002321 NCIt: C38057 SIDER: C0042571 a cardiac disorder AE that has an outcome of heartarrest, the abrupt cessation of normal circulation of the blood due to failure of the heart to contract effectively during systole. YH cardiopulmonary arrest circulatory arrest heart arrest AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myocardial_infarction WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cardiac+arrest 10007515 10007617 10028596 cardiac arrest CTCAE: E10101 NCIT: C50479 a respiratory system inflammation AE which has an outcome of bronchitis YH Bronchitis is an inflammation of the air passages within the lungs. It occurs when the trachea (windpipe) and the large and small bronchi (airways) within the lungs become inflamed because of infection or other causes. bronchitis AE HPO: HP_0002837 SIDER: C0006277 a seizure AE that has an outcome of grand malconvulsion YH A generalized seizure disorder characterized by recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief tonic phase is marked by trunk flexion followed by diffuse extension of the trunk and extremities. The clonic phase features rhythmic flexor contractions of the trunk and limbs, pupillary dilation, elevations of blood pressure and pulse, urinary incontinence, and tongue biting. This is followed by a profound state of depressed consciousness (post-ictal state) which gradually improves over minutes to hours. The disorder may be cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (caused by an identified disease process). grand malconvulsion AE a liver related investigation result abnormal AE which shows an abnormal test result in a liver function test, indicating aberrant function of liver. According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'liver function tests abnormal' was mentioned in 717 VAERS reports (0.6%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hepatic+function 10019670 10024690 liver function test abnormal AE MP: MP_0000609 an AE that occurs in ear. YH ear disorder AE ear AE HPO: HP_0000598 SIDER: C0013447 an infection AE that results in detrimental colonization of a host organism by virus YH, SS viral infection WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_infection viral infection AE HPO: HP_0005364 SIDER: C0042769 a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of lacrimation disorder According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'lacrimation disorder' was mentioned in 334 VAERS reports (0.3%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH Lacrimation is the production, secretion, and shedding of tears. lacrimation disorder AE a liver/biliary system AE which has an outcome of jaundice, which is the clinical manifestation of hyperbilirubinemia, with deposition of bile pigments in the skin, resulting in yellowish staining of the skin and mucous membranes According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'jaundice' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 317 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). SS, YH icterus AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaundice 10023126 jaundice AE HPO: HP_0000952 MP: MP_0000611 SIDER: C0022346 an immune system disorder AE which shows an enclosed collection of liquefied tissue, known as pus, somewhere in the body. Abscess is the result of the body's defensive reaction to foreign material. YH abscessus WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/abscess 10000269 An abscess is a collection of pus (dead neutrophils) that has accumulated in a cavity formed by the tissue on the basis of an infectious process (usually caused by bacteria or parasites) or other foreign materials (e.g. splinters, bullet wounds, or injecting needles). It is a defensive reaction of the tissue to prevent the spread of infectious materials to other parts of the body. abscess AE HPO: HP_0002722 SIDER: C0000833 a pain AE that has an outcome of eye pain According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'eye pain' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 316 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH 10015958 eye pain AE CTCAE: E10376 HPO: HP_0200025 NCIt: C78287 SIDER: C0151827 a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of palpitation YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palpitations 10033557 A palpitation is an abnormal awareness of the beating of the heart, whether it is too slow, too fast, irregular, or at its normal frequency. palpitation AE an edema AE which has an outcome of tongue edema YH, RR tongue oedema AE tongue swelling AE WEB: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=97582 10042727 tongue edema AE a pain AE that has an outcome of ear pain According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'ear pain' was mentioned in 302 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH 10014020 ear pain AE CTCAE: E10262 HPO: HP_0010833 NCIt: C37944 SIDER: C0013456 an edema AE which has an outcome of angioedema YH, SJ angioneurotic edema WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hives-and-angioedema/basics/definition/con-20014815 10002473 Angioedema is the rapid swelling (edema) of the dermis, subcutaneous tissue, mucosa and submucosal tissues often around the eyes and lips. It is very similar to urticaria, but urticaria, commonly known as hives, occurs in the upper dermis. angioedema AE An arthritis AE that has the outcome of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints and may also cause inflammation of the tissue around the joints, as well as other organs in the body. YH rheumatoid arthritis AE HPO: HP_0005681 SIDER: C0003873 an AE that occurs in immune system. According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'immune system disorder' was mentioned in 292 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH immune system disorder AE immune system AE HPO: HP_0002715 SIDER: C0021053 an immune system disorder AE which has an outcome of antinuclear antibody present According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'antinuclear antibody present'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 288 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH anti-nuclear factor present The presence of anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs) that are antibodies directed against contents of the cell nucleus. ANAs are present in higher than normal numbers in autoimmune disease. The ANA test measures the pattern and amount of autoantibody which can attack the body's tissues as if they were foreign material. Autoantibodies are present in low titers in the general population, but in about 5% of the population, their concentration is increased, and about half of this 5% have an autoimmune disease. antinuclear antibody present AE a nervous system AE which involves inflammation of the spinal cord, which disrupts central nervous system functions linking the brain and limbs. YH, MW 10028524 myelitis AE CTCAE: E12732 NCIt: C26832 a headache AE that has an outcome of migraine According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'migraine'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 267 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH migraine headache A migraine is a very painful type of headache. People who get migraines often describe the pain as pulsing or throbbing in one area of the head. During migraines, people are very sensitive to light and sound. They may also become nauseated and vomit. migraine AE HPO: HP_0002076 SIDER: C0149931 Thrombocytopenic purpura AE are purpura AE associated with a reduction in circulating blood platelets which can result from a variety of causes. According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'thrombocytopenic purpura'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 267 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH 10043561 thrombocytopenic purpura AE HPO: HP_0004829 SIDER: C0857305 multiple sclerosis AE is an immune system disorder AE, or an autoimmune condition in which the immune system attacks the central nervous system, leading to demyelination. YH MS disseminated sclerosis encephalomyelitis disseminata 10028245 multiple sclerosis AE a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of amnesia in a patient YH, MW 10001949 Amnesia is a short term memory condition in which memory is disturbed. In simple terms it is the loss of memory. amnesia AE CTCAE:E12585 HPO: HP_0002354 NCIt:C2867 SIDER: C0002622 a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of incoordination According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'incoordination' was mentioned in 261 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH a lack of normal adjustment of muscular action so that the intended movement of the limb or other part is not made smoothly and harmoniously, and does not accurately achieve its objective. If the abnormality is hypermetric, the condition is referred to as ataxia. If it is inclined to weakness, e.g. knuckling at the turn, stumbling, failure to flex limbs properly, or to misdirection as in a proprioceptive deficit, it is called incoordination. incoordination AE a speech disorder that has an outcome of voice alteration YH, MW 10047681 voice alteration AE CTCAE: E13601 NCIt: C61043 a pregnancy AE that is the termination of a pregnancyby the removal or expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo, resulting in or caused by its death. According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'abortion'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 257 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH, SS WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion 10000210 abortion AE a psychiatric disorder AE that has an outcome of shock YH acute stress disorder AE acute stress reaction AE mental shock AE 10001084 Mental shock (or shock) is a psychological condition arising in response to a terrifying event. It should not be confused with the unrelated circulatory condition of shock. There are two types of shocks. Another is circulatory shock which is physiological with MedDRA ID of 10040560. psychological shock AE a skin discoloration AE which has an outcome of purpura According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'purpura'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 251 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH, MW 紫癜 10037549 Purpura is the appearance of red or purple discolorations on the skin that do not blanch on applying pressure. They are caused by bleeding underneath the skin. This is common with typhus and can be present with meningitis caused by meningococcal meningitis or septicaemia. Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purpura. purpura AE CTCAE:E13690 HPO: HP_0000979 NCIt:C78787 SIDER: C0034150 an infection AE that results in detrimental colonization of a host organism by bacteria YH, SS bacterial infection AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_infection 10060945 bacterial infection AE HPO: HP_0002718 SIDER: C0004623 a skin adverse event that has an outcome of skin striae that displays irregular areas of skin that look like bands, stripes, or lines. Striae are seen when a person grows or gains weight rapidly or has certain diseases or conditions. According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'skin striae'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 247 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH stretch marks striae distensae skin striae AE HPO: HP_0001065 SIDER: C0152459 a syndrome AE that has an outcome of an acute brain syndrome AE and occurs after a medical intervention. YH acute brain syndrome AE a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of coma YH 10010071 Coma is a profound state of unconsciousness. A comatose person cannot be awakened, fails to respond normally to pain or light, does not have sleep-wake cycles, and does not take voluntary actions. coma AE HPO: HP_0001259 SIDER: C0009421 a muscle adverse event which has an outcome of hyperkinesia, an abnormal increase in muscular activity. YH 10020651 hyperkinesia AE HPO: HP_0002487 SIDER: C0424295 an AE that occurs in cardiovascular system. YH cardiovascular disorder AE 10007649 cardiovascular AE HPO: HP_0001626 SIDER: C0007222 a nervous system AE which has an outcome of encephalopathy, which is disorder or disease of the brain. YH, MW 10014625 encephalopathy AE CTCAE:E12652 HPO: HP_0007239 NCIt:C26920 SIDER: C0085584 a urinary system AE that has an outcome of urine abnormality AE YH urine abnormality AE HPO: HP_0011036 SIDER: C0235639 a gastrointestinal disorder AE which has an outcome of gastroenteritis, an inflammation occuring in the gastrointestinal tract that involves both the stomach and the small intestine, often results in diarrhea, vomiting and abdominal pain and cramping According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'gastroenteritis' was mentioned in 218 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gastroenteritis 10017888 gastroenteritis AE HPO: HP_0004386 SIDER: C0017160 a cardiovascular disorder AE that has an outcome of peripheral vascular disorder YH peripheral vascular disorder AE HPO: HP_0005299 SIDER: C0085096 a urinary tract disoder AE that has an outcome of urnary tract infection AE YH 10046571 urinary tract infection AE CTCAE: E11614 HPO: HP_0000094 NCIt: C50791 SIDER: C0042029 an abnormal salivary gland physiology AE which has an outcome of increased salivation, meaning greater than normal amounts of flowing saliva According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'increased salivation' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 336 VAERS reports (0.3%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). increased salivation AE MP: MP_0000622 a psychiatric disorder AE that has an outcome of depression. Depression causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. YH, MW WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/basics/definition/con-20032977 10012378 depression AE CTCAE:E12909 HPO: HP_0000716 NCIt:C2982 SIDER: C0011570 a glucose homeostasis AE which has an outcome of diabetes mellitus YH diabetes AE 10012601 Diabetes mellitus, often referred to simply as diabetes, is a syndrome of disordered metabolism, usually due to a combination of hereditary and environmental causes, resulting in abnormally high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). diabetes mellitus AE HPO: HP_0000819 SIDER: C0011849 a respiratory system inflammation AE which has an outcome of laryngitis According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'laryngitis'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 190 VAERS reports (0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH 10023874 Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx. It causes hoarse voice or the complete loss of the voice because of irritation to the vocal folds (vocal cords). laryngitis AE CTCAE: E11435 HPO: HP_0001600 NCIt: C26811 SIDER: C0023067 a muscle spasm AE which has an outcome of generalized spasm, which is an involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. Spasms may involve skeletal muscle (MUSCLE, SKELETAL) or smooth muscle (MUSCLE, SMOOTH). YH generalized spasm AE According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'reflexes decreased'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 178 VAERS reports (0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH hyporeflexia AE Obsoleted because of duplication. It's an alternative term of hyporeflexia AE now. a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of reflexes decreased, an abnormal decrease in an involuntary response to a peripheral stimulus obsolete: reflexes decreased AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of dry mouth, which is dryness of the mouth resulting from reduced salivary secretion According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'dry mouth'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 171 VAERS reports (0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH xerostomia 10013781 dry mouth AE CTCAE: E10578 HPO: HP_0000217 NCIt: C26917 SIDER: C0043352 a neuritis AE which has an outcome of optic neuritis YH 10030942 optic neuritis AE HPO: HP_0100653 SIDER: C0029134 a cardiovascular disorder AE that has an outcome of thrombocythemia YH Thrombocythemia (primary thrombocythemia) is a disorder in which excess platelets are produced, leading to abnormal blood clotting or bleeding. thrombocythemia AE - OBSOLETE (due to duplication) a hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of epistaxis YH, MW nosebleed 10015090 Epistaxis is the relatively common occurrence of hemorrhage from the nose, usually noticed when the blood drains out through the nostrils. epistaxis AE CTCAE:E13374 HPO: HP_0000421 NCIt:C26766 SIDER: C0014591 a syndrome AE that displays a lupus syndrome. Lupus is an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system becomes hyperactive and attacks normal, healthy tissue. This results in symptoms such as inflammation, swelling, and damage to joints, skin, kidneys, blood, the heart, and lungs. YH, JX lupus syndrome AE 狼疮样综合征 WEB: http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/lupus/ lupus AE an eye disorder AE which has an outcome of photophobia YH 10034960 Photophobia is a symptom of excessive sensitivity to light and the aversion to sunlight or well-lit places. In medical terms it is not fear, but an experience of discomfort or pain to the eyes due to light exposure. photophobia AE CTCAE: E10416 HPO: HP_0000613 NCIt: C28210 SIDER: C0085636 a digestive system AE which has an outcome of abnormal salivary gland physiology, which is any functional anomaly of any of the glands in the mouth that secrete saliva abnormal salivary gland physiology AE MP: MP_0005310 a psychiatric disorder AE that has an outcome of hallucination YH, MW hallucinations AE 10019063 10019077 A hallucination, in the broadest sense, is a perception in the absence of a stimulus. In a stricter sense, hallucinations are defined as perceptions in a conscious and awake state in the absence of external stimuli which have qualities of real perception, in that they are vivid, substantial, and located in external objective space. hallucination AE CTCAE: E12919 HPO: HP_0000738 NCIt: C37961 SIDER: C0018524 a digestive system AE which has an outcome of tongue disorder According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'tongue disorder'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 156 VAERS reports (0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH tongue disorder HPO: HP_0000157 SIDER: C0040409 a pain AE that has an outcome of neuralgia According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'neuralgia'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 155 VAERS reports (0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH, MW 10029223 Neuralgia or neuropathic pain can be defined most simply as non-nociceptive pain. Neuralgia is pain produced by a change in neurological structure or function. Unlike nociceptive pain, Neuralgia exists with no continuous nociceptive input. Neuralgia falls into two categories: central Neuralgia and peripheral Neuralgia. neuralgia AE CTCAE:E12744 HPO: HP_0003489 NCIt:C79695 SIDER: C0027796 an edema AE which has an outcome of lung edema YH lung edema AE a paresthesia AE that occurs around the mouth. YH circumoral paresthesia AE HPO: HP_0003401 SIDER: C0151838 an abnormal fluid regulation AE which has an outcome of thirst YH 10043458 Thirst is the craving for liquids, resulting in the basic instinct of humans or animals to drink. It is an essential mechanism involved in fluid balance. thirst AE HPO: HP_0001959 SIDER: C0039971 a musculoskeletal system AE that occurs in the bone YH bone disorder 10005956 bone AE HPO: HP_0000924 SIDER: C0005940 a perinatal AE that displays fetal disorder. YH fetal disorder AE a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of emotional liability YH emotional liability AE a muscle adverse event which has an outcome of muscle spasm, which is an involuntary and often painful muscle contraction or cramps having a number of causes ranging from nutritional deficiency to serious nervous system conditions SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spasm 10028334 muscle spasm AE MP: MP_0000743 a connective tissue disorder AE that occurs at the location of tendon A tendon (or sinew) is a tough band of fibrous connective tissue that usually connects muscle to bone and is capable of withstanding tension. According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'tendon disorder'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 137 VAERS reports (0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH Tendon disorder is a medical condition that results in a tendon not functioning normally. tendon disorder AE a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of hostility YH 10020400 hostility AE an eye disorder AE which has an outcome of visual field defect SS, YH visual impairment AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_impairment 10047555 10047571 visual field defect AE a muscle adverse event which has an outcome of myopathy AE, an abnormal condition or disease of the skeletal muscle 10028641 myopathy AE HPO: HP_0003198 MP: MP_0000751 SIDER: C0026848 a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of apathy state YH impassivity perfunctoriness 10002942 Apathy is a state of indifference, or the suppression of emotions such as concern, excitement, motivation and passion. An apathetic individual has an absence of interest or concern to emotional, social, or physical life. They may also exhibit an insensibility or sluggishness. apathy AE HPO: HP_0000741 SIDER: C0085632 a paralysis AE that has an outcome of hemiplegia According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'hemiplegia'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 129 VAERS reports (0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH 10019468 Hemiplegia is total paralysis of the arm, leg, and trunk on the same side of the body. Hemiplegia is more severe than hemiparesis, wherein one half of the body is weakened but not paralysed. hemiplegia AE HPO: HP_0002301 SIDER: C0018991 a rash AE that is characterized by a circumscribed and elevated skin lesion filled with pus. According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'pustular rash'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 128 VAERS reports (<0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH rash pustular AE 10037888 pustular rash AE CTCAE: E11545 NCIt: C80119 a blood creatine phosphokinase level abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased level of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) or phosphocreatine kinase, an enzyme expressed by various tissue types that catalyses the conversion of creatine and consumes adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to create phosphocreatine and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) YH, EB elevated serum creatine phosphate kinase AE 10005470 blood creatine phosphokinase level increased AE a hypertension AE that has an outcome of elevated pressure in the skull. YH, SS WEB: http://www.ihrfoundation.org/intracranial/hypertension/info/C16 10049977 intracranial hypertension AE a sensory neuropathy AE which shows a painful neuropathy characterized by damage to sensory and motor nerves AG, YH sensorimotor painful neuropathy AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of abnormal stool According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'abnormal stools' was mentioned in 111 VAERS reports (<0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH abnormal stool AE a pain AE that has an outcome of bone pain According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'bone pain' was mentioned in 109 VAERS reports (<0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH, MW 10006002 bone pain AE CTCAE:E12392 HPO: HP_0002653 NCIt:C38644 SIDER: C0151825 a cardiovascular disorder AE that comes with cerebrovascular accident YH stroke 10008190 Cerebrovascular accident: The sudden death of some brain cells due to lack of oxygen when the blood flow to the brain is impaired by blockage or rupture of an artery to the brain. A CVA is also referred to as a stroke. cerebrovascular accident AE HPO: HP_0001297 SIDER: C0038454 a digestive system AE which has an outcome of parotid gland enlargement According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'parotid gland enlargement' was mentioned in 103 VAERS reports (<0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH 10034023 parotid gland enlargement AE a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of flatulence According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'flatulence' was mentioned in 102 VAERS reports (<0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH 10016766 Flatulence is the production of a mixture of gases in the digestive tract of mammals or other animals that are byproducts of the digestion process. Such a mixture of gases is known as flatus, and is expelled from the rectum in a process colloquially referred to as "passing gas" or "farting". flatulence AE CTCAE: E10697 HPO: HP_0011024 NCIt: C37954 SIDER: C0016204 a liver/biliary system AE which has an outcome of liver damage According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'liver damage' was mentioned in 102 VAERS reports (<0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH liver damage AE a respiratory system AE which has an outcome of sore throat YH, MW 10041367 sore throat AE CTCAE: E13575 NCIt: C50747 a movement disorder AE that results in the loss of power of voluntary movement in a muscle through injury or disease of its nerve supply According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'paralysis' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 574 VAERS reports (0.4%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). SS, YH WEB: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/paralysis.html 瘫痪 10033799 paralysis AE HPO: HP_0010549 MP: MP_0000753 SIDER: C0522224 a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of cellular death of bone components due to interupption of blood supply DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/avascular+necrosis 10003460 aseptic necrosis bone AE a physical examination result abnormal AE that has an outcome of weight loss, which is the progressive reduction of body weight below normal average for age MW, YH weight decreased AE 10047895 10047900 weight loss AE CTCAE: E12228 MP: MP_0001263 NCIt: C3445 According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'ataxia' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 555 VAERS reports (0.4%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH, MW 10003591 a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of ataxia, inability to coordinate voluntary muscular movements ataxia AE CTCAE:E12597 HPO: HP_0001251 MP: MP_0001393 NCIt:C26702 SIDER: C0004134 a hair, skin, and nail AE that occurs in skin. YH WEB: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/skin+disorder 10040831 skin AE a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of unusual or distinctive way of walking According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'abnormal gait' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 998 VAERS reports (0.8%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). SS, YH gait disturbance AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21224774 10017577 abnormal gait AE CTCAE: E11112 MP: MP_0001406 NCIt: C78303 an abnormal fluid regulation AE which has an outcome of dehydration, which is an excessive water loss from the body or from an organ or bodily part YH, SS, MW hypohydration 10012174 dehydration AE CTCAE:E12258 HPO: HP_0001944 MP: MP_0001429 NCIt:C26740 SIDER: C0011175 a homeostasis AE which has an outcome of abnormal fluid regulation, which is any anomaly in the control of intracellular and/or extracellular fluid abnormal fluid regulation AE MP: MP_0001784 a glucose homeostasis AE which has an outcome of hyperglycemia, which is an abnormally high concentration of glucose in the blood; generally refers to a pathological state YH, MW WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hyperglycemia 10020635 10020639 hyperglycemia AE CTCAE: E12276 MP: MP_0001559 NCIt: C26797 a homeostasis AE which has an outcome of abnormal ciculating bilirubin level, which is aberrant concentration in the blood of this yellow heme breakdown product According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'bilirubinemia'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 221 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). abnormal circulating bilirubin level AE MP: MP_0001569 a skin adverse event that has an outcome of cyanosis, a dark bluish or purple skin discoloration resulting from deficient oxygenation of the blood According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'cyanosis' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 1,804 VAERS reports (1.4%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). 10011703 cyanosis AE HPO: HP_0000961 MP: MP_0001575 SIDER: C0010520 a hematopoietic system AE which has an outcome of anemia, which is less than normal levels of red blood cells and/or hemoglobin within red blood cells, or volume of packed red blood cells in the bloodstream, resulting in insufficient oxygenation of tissues and organs anaemia AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001586/ 10002034 10002272 anemia AE CTCAE: E10010 MP: MP_0001577 NCIt: C2869 an abnormal blood pressure AE that has an outcome of sustained low blood pressure at a level that is likely to result in cardiovascular disease and/or other pathological states YH, MW blood pressure decreased, low blood pressure 10005734 10021097 hypotension AE CTCAE: E13791 HPO: HP_0002615 MP: MP_0001596 NCIt: C3128 SIDER: C0020649 an arrhythmia AE that has an outcome of uneven timing of heart contraction irregular heartbeat AE MP: MP_0001636 an electrolyte lab test abnormal AE that shows an abnormal level of an electrolyte in the blood YH, MW electrolyte blood test abnormal AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of abnormal digestion, which is an altered ability of the mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic processes of the body to convert ingested food into material suitable for assimilation for synthesis of tissues or liberation of energy abnormal digestion AE MP: MP_0001664 an AE that occurs in the homeostasis system. anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of various functions and chemical or protein composition of the fluids and tissues homeostasis AE MP: MP_0001764 an abnormal fluid regulation AE which has an outcome of edema, which is an accumulation of an excessive amount of watery fluid in cells or intercellular tissues oedema, swelling, dropsy WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oedema WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swelling_(medical) 10016807 10030095 10042674 edema AE MP: MP_0001785 an immune system disorder AE that results in complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. Inflammation is a protective attempt by the organism to remove the injurious stimuli as well as initiate the healing process for the tissue greater than expected response to injury, infection, or insult. SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 10061218 inflammation AE HPO: HP_0007891 MP: MP_0001846 SIDER: C0021368 an inflammation AE which has an outcome of brain inflammation, which is local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the brain According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'encephalitis' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 480 VAERS reports (0.4%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). brain inflammation AE MP: MP_0001847 an ear disorder AE which has an outcome of increased susceptibility to otitis media, which is greater likelihood of middle ear inflammation, with an accumulation of a thick, mucous-like fluid; usually associated with a viral or bacterial respiratory infection increased susceptibility to otitis media AE MP: MP_0001850 an eye disorder AE which has an outcome of eye inflammation, which is local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the eye 10015943 eye inflammation AE HPO: HP_0100533 MP: MP_0001851 SIDER: C0239429 an eye inflammation AE which has an outcome of conjunctivitis, which is inflammation of the mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and the front of the eyeball 10010741 conjunctivitis AE CTCAE: E10355 HPO: HP_0000509 MP: MP_0001852 NCIt: C34504 SIDER: C0009763 an inflammation AE that shows a local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the liver According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'hepatitis' was mentioned in 387 VAERS reports (0.3%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). YH, JX liver inflammation AE MP: MP_0001860 aa inflammation AE which has an outcome of lung inflammation, a local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the lung According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'pneumonia' was mentioned in 879 VAERS reports (0.7%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). lung inflammation AE MP: MP_0001861 an inflammation AE which occurs in the respiratory system, which is reflected with the local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the respiratory system respiratory system inflammation AE MP: MP_0002405 an inflammation AE that has an outcome of vasculitis, which is an inflammation of a blood or lymph vessel It's an inflammation. YH, MW 10047115 vasculitis AE CTCAE:E13837 HPO: HP_0002633 MP: MP_0001864 NCIt:C26912 SIDER: C0042384 an inflammation AE which has an outcome of salivary gland inflammation, which is local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the salivary gland salivary gland inflammation AE MP: MP_0001870 a respiratory system inflammation AE which has an outcome of sinus inflammation, an inflammation of paranasal sinuses, which may be due to infection, allergy, or autoimmune issues. According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'sinusitis'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 298 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). SS, YH, RR sinus inflammation AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinusitis 10040753 sinusitis AE CTCAE: E11563 HPO: HP_0000246 MP: MP_0001872 NCIt: C35024 SIDER: C0037199 a hypersensitivity AE which results in an allergic response showing a marked increase in reactivity to an antigen upon subsequent exposure. JX, LW, YH allergic reaction AE allergic response AE anaphylactic reaction AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergy 变态反应 过敏反应 10001718 10001738 allergy AE CTCAE: E11248 MP: MP_0001878 NCIt: C3114 a nervous system AE which has an outcome of abnormal cerebrospinal fluid production, an anomaly in the normal output of the fluid that fills the ventricles and other cavities of the brain and spinal cord abnormal cerebrospinal fluid production AE MP: MP_0001911 an AE that occurs in nervous system. KY, YH nervous system disorder AE URL: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/nervous_system_disorders/overview_of_nervous_system_disorders_85,P00799/ 10029202 nervous system AE MP: MP_0003633 a respiratory system AE which has an outcome of abnormal respiration, an anomaly in the movement of gases into and out of the lung According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'respiratory disorder' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 556 VAERS reports (0.4%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). Not sure if it is same as respiratory system disorder or abnormal respiration. --Oliver He abnormal respiration AE MP: MP_0001943 an abnormal respiration AE which has an outcome of apnea, temporary cessation of breathing; sometimes episodic According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'apnea' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 1,618 VAERS reports (1.3%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). JX, YH, MW MedDRA: 10002974 is for "apnoea"; MedDRA: 10002972 is for "apnea". apnoea AE respiratory arrest AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/apnea apnea AE CTCAE: E13306 MP: MP_0001957 NCIt: C26698 UMLS CUI: C0003578 an ear disorder AE which has an outcome of deafness, which is an inability to hear 10011878 deafness AE HPO: HP_0000365 MP: MP_0001967 SIDER: C0011053 an adverse event that occurs in a gustatory system YH, JX gustatory system AE MP: MP_0001985 a gustatory system AE which has an outcome of taste sensitivity, or changes in the ability to perceive a particular flavor or suggestion of something imparting a flavor by the chemoreceptors of the gustatory system taste sensitivity AE MP: MP_0001986 a urinary system AE that has an outcome of excessive or abnormally large production or passage of urine. LW, ML, JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyuria 多尿 10036142 polyuria AE an abnormal vision AE which has an outcome of blindness, which is loss of the sense of sight 10005169 blindness AE HPO: HP_0000618 MP: MP_0002001 SIDER: C0456909 an eye disorder AE which has an outcome of abnormal vision, which is an inability or decreased ability to see abnormal vision AE MP: MP_0002090 a behavior and neurological AE that shows a sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain. YH, JX, YH WEB: http://www.healthline.com/symptom/seizures 突然发作 10039906 10039910 seizure AE CTCAE: E12804 MP: MP_0002064 NCIt: C2962 an adverse event that has an outcome of an abnormal behavior and neurological phenotype. YH, JX behavior AE behavioral AE behavioral disorder AE disruptive behavioral disorder AE WEB: http://www.psychguides.com/guides/behavioral-disorder-symptoms-causes-and-effects/ any anomaly in the actions, reactions, or performance of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli compared to controls behavioral and neurological AE MP: MP_0004924 a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of altered ability to coordinate voluntary movement or repetitive, compulsive movements 10028035 movement disorder AE HPO: HP_0100022 MP: MP_0002066 SIDER: C0026650 a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of inability or altered ability to respond to a sensory stimulus sensory capability AE MP: MP_0002067 a homeostasis AE which has an outcome of glucose homeostasis, which is an anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of glucose in the fluids and tissues glucose homeostasis AE MP: MP_0002078 Hypersensitivity AE is a immune system AE that is a set of undesirable reactions produced by the normal immune system, including allergies and autoimmunity. These reactions may be damaging, uncomfortable, or occasionally fatal. JX, LW, YH hypersensitivity reaction AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypersensitivity 超敏反应 10020751 hypersensitivity AE HPO: HP_0100326 MP: MP_0002148 SIDER: C0020517 YH Muscle atrophy is a wasting of muscle tissue resulting in a derangement of the muscle fibers; occurs with age, immobilization, weightlessness, malnutrition or denervation. a muscle adverse event AE which has an outcome of muscular atrophy. muscular atrophy AE MP: MP_0002269 an abnormal respiration AE which has an outcome of hyperventilation, i.e., increased alveolar ventilation relative to metabolic carbon dioxide production; results in carbon dioxide pressure decreasing below normal According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'Petechiae' was mentioned in 510 VAERS reports (0.4%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). 10020910 hyperventilation AE HPO: HP_0002883 MP: MP_0002320 SIDER: C0020578 an abnormal respiration AE which has an outcome of hypoventilation, i.e., reduced alveolar ventilation relative to metabolic carbon dioxide production; results in alveolar carbon dioxide pressure increasing above normal According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'hypoventilation' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 321 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). QL, YH respiratory depression AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoventilation 呼吸抑制 10021133 10038678 hypoventilation AE HPO: HP_0007110 MP: MP_0002321 SIDER: C0398353 an adverse event which occurs in a hematopoietic system, which is any structural or developmental anomaly of the blood cells or the organs associated with the development and formation of blood cells hematopoietic system AE MP: MP_0002396 an eye disorder AE which has an outcome of mydriasis, which is dilation of one or both pupils regardless of light conditions 10028521 mydriasis AE HPO: HP_0011499 MP: MP_0002546 SIDER: C0026961 an arrhythmia AE that has an outcome of greater than average resting heart beats per minute, usually measured by the number of times the heart ventricles contract per unit of time, usually per minute tachycardia WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachycardia 10019303 increased heart rate AE MP: MP_0002626 a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of exaggerated reflex action hyperresponsive to tactile stimuli AE MP: MP_0002738 a muscle spasm AE that has an outcome of opisthotonus YH 10030899 opisthotonus is a form of tetanic spasm in which the head, neck and spine are bent backward and the body is bowed forward opisthotonus AE HPO: HP_0002179 MP: MP_0002880 SIDER: C0151818 An joint disorder AE that has an outcome of joint inflammation, which is local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the joints YH joint inflammation AE MP: MP_0002933 an abnormal enzyme level AE which has an outcome of incraesed lactate dehydrogenase level, which is greater than the normal concentration of this enzyme, which catalyzes the interconversion of lactate and pyruvate increased lactate dehydrogenase level AE MP: MP_0002944 an abnormal enzyme level AE which has an outcome of increased circulating alkaline phophatase level, which is an elevated activity of this enzyme, which hydrolyzes orthophosphoric monoesters, found in the blood increased circulating alkaline phosphatase level AE MP: MP_0002968 A joint inflammation AE that has an outcome of arthritis, marked by changes in the synovial membranes and thickening of articular structures, widespread degeneration of the collagen fibers in connective tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures YH, MW 关节炎 10003246 arthritis AE CTCAE:E12378 HPO: HP_0001369 MP: MP_0002993 NCIt:C2883 SIDER: C0003864 a digestive system AE which has an outcome of dysphagia, which is a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of difficulty in swallowing food or liquid 10013950 dysphagia AE CTCAE: E10621 HPO: HP_0002015 MP: MP_0003158 NCIt: C2980 SIDER: C0011168 an ear disorder AE which has an outcome of decreased lateral semicircular canal size, which is small size of the lateral long bony tube of the labyrinth that is involved in the sense of balance decreased lateral semicircular canal size AE MP: MP_0003162 a hematopoietic system AE which has an outcome of decreased platelet count, which is fewer than the normal numbers of the non-nucleated cells found in the blood and involved in blood coagulation SS, YH decreased platelet cell number AE 10035528 platelet count decreased AE CTCAE: E12207 HPO: HP_0001873 MP: MP_0003179 NCIt: C3408 SIDER: C0392386 an abnormal digestion AE which has an outcome of nausea, a gastric discomfort associated with the inclination to vomit 10028813 nausea AE CTCAE: E10878 HPO: HP_0002018 MP: MP_0003259; MDR: 10028813 NCIt: C3258 SIDER: C0027497 regurgitation AE 10047700 an abnormal digestion AE which has an outcome of vomiting, the retrograde expulsion of gastric contents through the oral cavity vomiting AE CTCAE: E11068 HPO: HP_0002013 MP: MP_0003260; MDR: 10047700 NCIt: C3442 SIDER: C0042963 an abnormal defecation AE that has an outcome of constipation, which is incomplete, infrequent or difficult evacuation of fecal matter According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'constipation'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 242 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). infrequent bowel movements AE 10010774 constipation AE CTCAE: E10562 HPO: HP_0002019 MP: MP_0003267 NCIt: C37930 SIDER: C0009806 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of abnormal defecation, an anomaly in the production and excretion of feces abnormal defecation AE MP: MP_0003866 a urinary system AE that has an outcome of the symptom of urinary incontinence, which is the inability to control the urinary excretory functions. YH, MW MedDRA: 10046543 WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/urinaryincontinence.html urinary incontinence AE CTCAE: E13042 HPO: HP_0000020 MP: MP_0003280 NCIt: C78497 SIDER: C0042024 clonus AE is a series of involuntary, rhythmic, muscular contractions and relaxations. SJ, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clonus 10009346 clonus AE causes large motions that are usually initiated by a reflex. clonus AE a skin discoloration AE which has an outcome of pallor, an unnatural paleness to the skin, generally attributable to anemia 10033546 pallor AE HPO: HP_0008361 MP: MP_0003717 SIDER: C0030232 an hearing disorder AE that shows a persistent sensation of buzzing, ringing, clicking, or other noises in the ear 10043882 tinnitus AE CTCAE: E10287 HPO: HP_0000360 MP: MP_0003741 NCIt: C50772 SIDER: C0040264 a digestive system AE which has an outcome of stomatitis, which is an inflammation of the mucous lining of the mouth This is a type of inflammation. WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/stomatitis 10042128 stomatitis AE HPO: HP_0010280 MP: MP_0003746 SIDER: C0038362 a digestive system AE which has an outcome of mouth mucosal ulceration, which is lesions through the mucous membrane of the mouth, usually associated with loss of tissue According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'mouth ulceration' was mentioned in 246 VAERS reports (0.2%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). mouth mucosal ulceration AE MP: MP_0003747 a muscle adverse event AE that has an outcome of abnormal muscle tone, which is an anomaly in the resting tautness or laxity of a muscle, normally somewhere in the middle of the range between total contraction and total relaxation YH abnormal muscle tone AE MP: MP_0004142 an abnormal muscle tone AE which has an outcome of hypertonia, which is increased muscle tension resulting in stiffness of the muscles in the resting state YH 10020852 hypertonia AE HPO: HP_0001276 MP: MP_0004143 SIDER: C0026826 an abnormal muscle tone AE which has an outcome of hypotonia, which is decreased muscle tension resulting in limpness of the muscles in the resting state, not to be confused with weakness YH 10021118 hypotonia AE HPO: HP_0009062 MP: MP_0004144 SIDER: C0026827 a muscle inflammation AE which has an outcome of myositis, which is an inflammation of skeletal muscle; local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the striated muscle YH, MW 10028653 myositis AE CTCAE:E12489 HPO: HP_0009071 MP: MP_0004510 NCIt:C27578 SIDER: C0027121 a muscle adverse event which has an outcome of muscle inflammation, which is a local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in muscle YH muscle inflammation AE MP: MP_0004511 a lymphocyte count abnormal AE that has an outcome of greater than normal number of the cells involved in adaptive immune reactions of the body in most inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including B cells, T cells and natural killer cells According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'lymphocytosis'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 129 VAERS reports (0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). EB increased lymphocyte cell number AE lymphocyte cell number increased AE 10025258 lymphocyte count increased AE CTCAE: E12195 MP: MP_0005013 NCIt: C34791 an abnormal defecation AE that has an outcome of diarrhea, which is abnormally frequent discharge of semi-solid or fluid fecal matter from the bowel diarrhoea AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/diarrhea 10012735 diarrhea AE CTCAE: E10572 MP: MP_0005036 NCIt: C2987 a homeostasis AE which has an outcome of hypoxia, which is a reduced concentration of O2 in the blood, alveoli or other tissues resulting in the decreased pressure of this component of body gases YH, MW WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypoxia 10021143 hypoxia AE CTCAE:E13388 HPO: HP_0002795 MP: MP_0005039 NCIt:C3890 SIDER: C0242184 an infectious adverse event which has an outcome of the presence of various pathogenic organisms, or their toxins, in the blood or tissues that results in the infections in blood stream. According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'sepsis' was mentioned in 416 VAERS reports (0.3%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). SS 10040047 sepsis AE CTCAE: E11560 HPO: HP_0002718 MP: MP_0005044 NCIt: C3364 SIDER: C0243026 a urinary system AE that results in the presence of blood in the urine YH, SJ, MW UMLS CUI: C0018965 (hematuria AND haematuria); UMLS CUI: C0947999 (blood urine presence) blood urine blood urine presence haematuria AE WEB: http://kidney.niddk.nih.gov/kudiseases/pubs/hematuria/ 10018867 10018870 10019450 hematuria Hematuria AE can be caused by menstruation, vigorous exercise, sexual activity, viral illness, trauma, or infection, such as a urinary tract infection (UTI), along with more serious disorders such as cancer, disease, and clotting. hematuria AE CTCAE: E13000 MP: MP_0005161 NCIt: C3090 a homeostasis AE which has an outcome of abnormal enzyme level, which is an altered level of any enzyme or their cofactors, that act as catalysts to induce chemical changes in other substances abnormal enzyme level AE MP: MP_0005319 an arrhythmia AE that has an outcome of fewer than average resting heart beats per minute, usually measured by the number of times the heart ventricles contract per unit of time, usually per minute YH, JX heart rate decreased AE 10019301 decreased heart rate AE MP: MP_0005333 an adverse event that has an outcome of urinary system AE is a functional anomaly of any of the organs involved in the production or excretion of urine YH urinary system AE MP: MP_0005502 an abnormal body temperature AE which has an outcome of decreased body temperature, which is less than the level of heat natural to a living being YH, SJ decreased body temperature AE 10021113 Hypothermia AE is a medical emergency that occurs when your body loses heat faster than it can produce heat, causing a dangerously low body temperature. hypothermia AE CTCAE: E11122 MP: MP_0005534 NCIt: C78351 a homeostasis AE whic has an outcome of abnomal body temperature, which is a deviation in the level of heat natural to a living being abnormal body temperature AE MP: MP_0005535 a peripheral neuropathy AE which has an outcome of neuritis, the local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the brain and/or spinal cord 10029240 neuritis AE MP: MP_0006082 diplopia AE 10013036 an abnormal vision AE which has an outcome of double vision, which is two images perceived when only a single object is present double vision AE MP: MP_0006150 an anemia AE which has an outcome of hypochromic anemia, which is a hemoglobin deficiency resulting from a reduction in the concentration of hemoglobin in red cells, resulting in insufficient oxygenation of tissues and organs hypochromic anemia AE MP: MP_0008387 an adverse event that is indicated by an abnormal result of an investigation that uses some laboratory equipment, device, or medical technology. This term is used to replace 'lab test abnormal AE'. The reason for this is that some test, like X-ray test, is not considered by many physicians as a lab test. Therefore, we have used this new term to cover a broader scope. All terms asserted under this term represent the investigation results without defined conclusion of disease. EB, SS, YH laboratory test abnormal 10061253 investigation result abnormal AE a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of nervous According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'nervousness' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 583 VAERS reports (0.5%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). increased, skittish, behavior induced by stimulation such as handling, touching or noise nervous AE MP: MP_0008912 a hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of ecchymosis 10014080 an ecchymosis is a spot caused by loss of blood from a vessel; it implies a larger size than a petechiae, and has a more diffuse border than purpura; an ecchymosis can be caused by a bruise (which implies trauma), but can also be caused by bleeding diathesis ecchymosis AE HPO: HP_0000978 MP: MP_0009276 SIDER: C0013491 serious adverse event is an adverse event that requires in-patient hospitalization, or prolongation of existing hospitalization, or that causes congenital malformation, or that results in persistent or significant disability or incapacity, or that is life threatening or results in death. YH, MC serious adverse event severe adverse event WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serious_adverse_event WEB: http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/HowToReport/ucm053087.htm WEB: http://www.google.ca/url?sa=t&source=web&ct=res&cd=1&ved=0CA4QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irrd.ca%2Fethics%2Fimages%2FAdverse-event-definition.doc&ei=eqFMS-yFNZSoswOt6siKAQ&usg=AFQjCNGnQcwI8OXH7dqxwo4RgZEEn8X6lg&sig2=UNngkCdO5ZTFvbIB1pKuaA serious adverse event a serious adverse event that has an outcome of death. YH WEB: http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/HowToReport/ucm053087.htm 10011906 10011914 death death AE CTCAE: E11080 HPO: HP_0001645 NCIt: C28554 SIDER: C1306577 a serious AE that is suspected to put the patient at substantial risk of dying at the time of the adverse event, or that the use or continued use of the device or other medical product might have resulted in the death of the patient. DJ, SS, YH, JX apparent life threatening event AE WEB: http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/HowToReport/ucm053087.htm 10065044 life-threating AE a serious adverse event that leads to hospitalization. Such an adverse event resulted in an admission to the hospital or prolongation of hospitalization. YH, JX adverse event leading to hospitalization WEB: http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/HowToReport/ucm053087.htm hospitalization AE a serious adverse event that leads to disability or permanent damage. Such an adverse event results in a substantial disruption of a person's ability to conduct normal life functions, i.e., the adverse event resulted in a significant, persistent or permanent change, impairment, damage or disruption in the patient's body function/structure, physical activities and/or quality of life. YH, JX adverse event leading to disability WEB: http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/HowToReport/ucm053087.htm disability or permanent damage AE a serious adverse event that resulted in congenital anomaly and bith defect, leading to suspicions that an exposure to a medical product prior to conception or during pregnancy resulted in an adverse outcome in the child. YH, JX adverse event leading to congenital anomaly WEB: http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/HowToReport/ucm053087.htm WEB: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/birth+defect 10010356 congenital anomaly or birth defect AE a serious adverse event which is an adverse event that requires intervention to prevent permanent impairment or damage leads to suspicions that the use of a medical product may result in a condition which requires a medical or surgical intervention to preclude permanent impairment or damage to a patient. YH, JX WEB: http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/HowToReport/ucm053087.htm adverse event that requires intervention to prevent permanent impairment or damage an adverse event that is considered not serious. YH, MC WEB: http://www.google.ca/url?sa=t&source=web&ct=res&cd=1&ved=0CA4QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irrd.ca%2Fethics%2Fimages%2FAdverse-event-definition.doc&ei=eqFMS-yFNZSoswOt6siKAQ&usg=AFQjCNGnQcwI8OXH7dqxwo4RgZEEn8X6lg&sig2=UNngkCdO5ZTFvbIB1pKuaA non-serious adverse event low-grade fever AE is a fever adverse event with a temperature between 100° F and 102.2° F (37.8° C and 39° C). YH WEB: http://www.toyourhealth.com/mpacms/tyh/article.php?id=1521 The low-grade level of fever is beneficial. With most microbes/"bugs" that a child will be exposed to, this fever will assist the body in repelling the invader. low-grade fever AE moderate-grade fever AE is a fever adverse event with a temperature typically between 102.2° F and 104.5° F (39° C and 40° C). YH WEB: http://www.toyourhealth.com/mpacms/tyh/article.php?id=1521 This moderate-grade fever temperature is still considered beneficial. If a child's body has reached this temperature, it's what's needed to kill whatever bacteria or virus their body is attempting to fight. moderate-grade fever AE high-grade fever AE is a fever adverse event with a fever temperature greater than 104.5° F (40° C). YH WEB: http://www.toyourhealth.com/mpacms/tyh/article.php?id=1521 This fever may cause the child some discomfort and result in crankiness. Generally indicative of a bacterial infection, this fever means that the body is fighting something more serious than the common cold. high-grade fever AE hyperpyrexia AE is a fever adverse event that has an outcome of an excessive and unusual elevation of set body temperature greater than or equal to 41 °C. It is an extremely high fever. Such a high temperature is considered a medical emergency as it may indicate a serious underlying condition such as sepsis. YH extreme pyrexia AE Axelrod YK1, Diringer MN. Temperature management in acute neurologic disorders. Neurol Clin. 2008 May;26(2):585-603, xi. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2008.02.005. PMID: 18514828. WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperpyrexia 10020741 hyperpyrexia AE HPO: HP_0001945 SIDER: C0392676 a pain AE that has an outcome of musculoskeletal pain SS, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/guide/musculoskeletal-pain 10028391 Musculoskeletal pain is pain that affects the muscles, ligaments and tendons, along with the bones. musculoskeletal pain AE HPO: HP_0003326 SIDER: C0026858 injection-site erythema AE is an erythema AE that results in redness of skin, caused by hyperermia of the capillaries in the lower layers of the skin at the physical area of injection SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythema WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/erythema 10022061 injection-site erythema AE Erythema AE is a skin adverse event that showns redness of the skin caused by hyperemia of the capillaries in the lower layers of the skin. SS, YH reddish skin WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythema 10015150 erythema AE HPO: HP_0010783 MP:0001190 SIDER: C0041834 a headache AE that has an outcome of sinus headache YH, SS WEB: http://american-rhinologic.org/patientinfo.headache.phtml sinus headache is a headache located over the sinuses, (forehead, corners of the eye, and cheek areas). On occasion, the pain will be felt behind the eyes, in the back of the neck, or may extend into the upper teeth. sinus headache AE HPO: HP_0002315 SIDER: C0037195 an inflammation AE that occurs in the lung. It is often characterized as including inflammation of the parenchyma of the lung (that is, the alveoli) and abnormal alveolar filling with fluid (consolidation and exudation). SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumonia 10035664 pneumonia AE HPO: HP_0002090 SIDER: C0032285 lobar pneumonia is pneumonia AE that affects a large and continuous area of the lobe of a lung SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobar_pneumonia 10024738 lobar pneumonia AE HPO: HP_0002090 SIDER: C0032300 axillary pain AE is a pain AE that occurs in the underarm (the area on the human body directly under the join where the arm connects to the shoulder) SS, YH axillary pain AE an cardiovascular adverse event that is a collection of blood outside the blood vessels, generally the result of hemorrhage, or more specifically, internal bleeding. It is commonly called a bruise. YH: MedDRA ID: 10018852 is for "haematoma"; MedDRA ID: 10019428 is for "hematoma". SS, YH bruise AE bruising AE ecchymoses AE haematoma AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 10006504 10018852 10019428 hematoma AE CTCAE: E13775 (hematoma); CTCAE: E11666 (brruising) HPO: HP_0001892 NCIt: C37921 (Bruising); NCIt: C50579 (Hematoma) SIDER: C0018944 reproductive system AE is an AE that occurs in the reproductive system. YH, SS reproductive system AE an immune system disorder AE which has an outcome of antinuclear antibody negative SS, YH antinuclear antibody negative AE a CSF test result abnormal AE that has an outcome of CSF white blood cell count negative SS, YH, EB 10061099 CSF white blood cell count negative AE a microbiology and serology investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of positive influenza serology test result SS, YH, EB 10060078 influenza serology positive AE YH a paralysis AE that has an outcome of VIIth nerve paralysis 10050040 VIIth nerve paralysis AE HPO: HP_0006824 SIDER: C0919980 an aspartate aminotransferase level abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increased amount of AST, an enzyme normally present in body tissues especially of the heart and liver DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/aspartate+aminotransferase 10003481 aspartate aminotransferase level increased AE CTCAE: E12087 NCIt: C26947 an incorrect dose administration that accidentally uses overdose SS, YH 10000381 accidental overdose in medical intervention an immune system disorder AE which has an outcome of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_disseminated_encephalomyelitis 10000709 Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immune mediated disease of the brain. It usually occurs following a viral infection but may appear following vaccination, bacterial or parasitic infection, or even appear spontaneously. As it involves autoimmune demyelination, it is similar to multiple sclerosis, and is considered part of the Multiple sclerosis borderline diseases. acute disseminated encephalomyelitis AE an arrhythmia AE that involves the two upper chambers (atria) of the heart SS, YH AF WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_fibrillation WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/atrial+fibrillation 10003658 Atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythm), and involves the two upper chambers (atria) of the heart. Its name comes from the fibrillating (i.e., quivering) of the heart muscles of the atria, instead of a coordinated contraction. atrial fibrillation AE CTCAE: E10081 HPO: HP_0005110 NCIt: C50466 SIDER: C0004238 a cardiac disorder AE which has an outcome of abnormal heart rhythm SS, YH abnormal heartbeat AE cardiac arrhythmia AE WEB: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/ 10003119 arrhythmia AE HPO: HP_0011675 MP: MP_0004085 SIDER: C0003811 a cardiac valve disease AE that is characterized by a condition of the heart in which one of the valve openings has become narrow and restricts the flow of blood from the upper left chamber (left atrium) to the lower left chamber (left ventricle). SS WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mitral+valve+stenosis 10027733 mitral valve stenosis AE a blood creatinine level abnormal AE that has an outcome of decreased blood creatine SS, YH, EB 10005482 blood creatinine level decreased AE SS, YH, EB 10007223 carbon dioxide decreased AE a carbon dioxide abnormal AE that has an outcome of a decreased level of carbon dioxide in the blood A contraindication that is specifically for vaccination. SS, YH contraindication to vaccination an infection adverse event that has an outcome of croup infection SS, YH WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/croup/article.htm Croup is an infectious illness of the respiratory system involving the vocal cords (larynx), the windpipe (trachea), and the upper airways of the lungs (bronchial tubes). The majority of a child's symptoms reflect involvement of the larynx. Croup is usually a viral infection and maybe caused by many different viruses, including those responsible for the common cold and influenza. Rarely, croup is caused by a bacterial infection. croup infection AE a respiratory system AE that has an outcome of the drawing of a foreign substance into the respiratory tract during inhalation DJ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/aspiration 10003504 aspiration AE CTCAE:E13310 HPO: HP_0002835 NCIt:C15631 SIDER: C0700198 a respiratory system AE that has an outcome of the removal of gas or fluid from the pleural cavity of the lungs DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/aspiration 10003522 aspiration pleural cavity AE a skin adverse event which has an outcome of excoriation AE is an injury to a surface of the body caused by trauma, such as scratching, abrasion, or a chemical or thermal burn. SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/excoriation 10049796 excoriation AE a pain AE that has an outcome of facial pain SS, YH WEB: http://www.bettermedicine.com/article/facial-pain 10016059 facial pain is a pain in facial area (eyes, eyebrows, forehead, nose, cheeks, mouth, teeth and chin). Facial pain may include injuries to the nerves or bones that coordinate many of your face’s actions. facial pain AE CTCAE: E11094 HPO: HP_0100661 NCIt: C79594 SIDER: C0015468 a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of abnormal full blood count SS, YH, EB 10017412 10064198 full blood count abnormal AE a reflexes decreased AE that has an outcome of hyporeflexia SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyporeflexia 10021089 Obsoleted because of duplication hyporeflexia is the condition of below normal or absent reflexes. Hyporeflexia is generally associated with a lower motor neuron deficit (at the alpha motor neurons from the spinal cord to muscle). obsolete: hyporeflexia AE HPO: HP_0009072 SIDER: C0151888 a tumor AE that is characterized by cancer in the brain DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/astrocytoma 10003571 astrocytoma AE HPO: HP_0009592 SIDER: C0004114 a medical intervention that uses incorrect dose SS, YH 10064355 incorrect dose administration a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of collapse in part of or all of a lung DJ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001130/ 10003598 atelectasis AE CTCAE:E13316 HPO: HP_0001642 NCIt:C2888 SIDER: C0004144 an influenza serology positive AE that has an outcome of positive result in an influenza virus test SS, YH, EB 10070717 influenza virus test positive AE joint range of motion decreased AE is a mobility decreased AE that results in limited or decreased range of joint motion SS, YH, MW 10048706 joint range of motion decreased AE CTCAE: E12435 NCIt: C78403 a muscle spasm AE which has an outcome of laryngospasm, which is an uncontrolled/involuntary muscular contraction (spasm) of the laryngeal cords. The condition typically lasts less than 60 seconds, and causes a partial blocking of breathing in, while breathing out remains easier. It may be triggered when the vocal cords or the area of the trachea below the cords detects the entry of water, mucus, blood, or other substance. It is characterized by stridor and or retractions. SS, YH, MW WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngospasm 10023891 laryngospasm AE CTCAE:E13439 HPO: HP_0006511 NCIt:C79609 SIDER: C0023066 a lymphocyte percentage abnormal AE that has an outcome of decreased lymphocyte percentage SS, YH, EB 10052231 lymphocyte percentage decreased AE a monocyte percentage abnormal AE that has an outcome of increased monocyte percentage SS, YH, EB 10052230 monocyte percentage increased AE a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging result abnormal AE that has an outcome of abnormal nuclear magnetic resonance imaging test of the brain SS, YH 10029818 nuclear magnetic resonance imaging brain abnormal AE periorbial edema AE is an edema AE that has an outcome of swelling around the eye. MedDRA: 10034545 is for "periorbital edema"; MedDRA: 10054541 is for "periorbital oedema" SS, YH periorbital oedema AE periorbital puffiness WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periorbital_puffiness Periorbital puffiness, also known as "puffy eyes" or swelling around the eyes, refers to the appearance of swelling in the tissues around the eyes, called the orbits. periorbital edema AE CTCAE: E13676 NCIt: C78530 UMLS CUI: C0151205 a physical quality of a process that shows a positive result of a pregnancy test. SS, YH 10036556 10036575 pregnancy test positive a blood magnesium abnormal AE that has an outcome of an abnormally high concentration of magnesium in the blood plasma, and may cause nausea, weakness and tremors. YH, MW WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/246489-overview 10020670 hypermagnesemia AE CTCAE: E12288 NCIt: C37969 UMLS CUI: C0151714 a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of a sensation feeling of foreign body SS, YH 10061549 sensation of foreign body AE a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of a sensation feeling of heaviness SS, YH feeling heavy AE sensation of heaviness AE a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of a loss of sensation SS, YH 10040030 sensory loss AE HPO: HP_0003474 SIDER: C0278134 a skin adverse event that has an outcome of skin exfoliation SS, YH 10040844 skin exfoliation AE HPO: HP_0007549 SIDER: C0237849 a digestive system AE which has an outcome of stomach discomfort SS, YH stomach upset AE 胃部不适 10042124 stomach discomfort AE an immunology and allergy investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of autoantibodies present DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/autoantibody 10060973 autoantibody positive AE a wheezing AE which has an outcome of stridor, a high pitched wheezing sound resulting from turbulent air flow in the upper airway. It is primarily inspiratory. It can be indicative of serious airway obstruction from severe conditions such as epiglottitis, a foreign body lodged in the airway, or a laryngeal tumor. SS, YH, MW WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stridor 10042241 stridor AE CTCAE:E13579 HPO: HP_0010307 NCIt:C78632 SIDER: C0038450 a skin AE that shows a result of skin ulcer, i.e., a sore on the skin or a mucous membrane, accompanied by the disintegration of tissue. Ulcers can result in complete loss of the epidermis and often portions of the dermis and even subcutaneous fat. SS, YH, MW skin ulcer AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulcer_%28dermatology%29 10040943 10040947 skin ulceration AE CTCAE: E13730 HPO: HP_0200042 NCIt: C54247 SIDER: C0037299 an incorrect dose administration that uses underdose SS, YH underdose adminstration in medical intervention a respiratory tract congestion AE which has an outcome of upper respiratory tract congestion SS, YH upper respiratory tract congestion AE a urinary system investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of a urine analysis abnormality SS, YH, EB 10062226 urine analysis result abnormal AE a urine analysis result abnomal AE that shows ketone body present in urine SS, YH, EB, QL 10057597 urine ketone body present AE a liver/biliary system AE that has an outcome of inflammation of the liver that occurs when immune cells mistake the liver's normal cells for harmful invaders and attack them DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001291/ 10003827 autoimmune hepatitis AE HPO: HP_0004787 SIDER: C0241910 a hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of vaginal hemorrhage MedDRA: 10046910 is for "vaginal haemorrhage"; MedDRA: 10046912 is for "vaginal hemorrhage" SS, YH, MW vaginal haemorrhage AE WEB: http://www.brooksidepress.org/Products/Military_OBGYN/Textbook/AbnormalBleeding/Bleeding.htm vaginal hemorrhage is irregular/heavy bleeding from the vagina. Vaginal hemorrhage is more often associated with pregnancy complications such as miscarriage or placental abruption, but certainly can occur in the absence of pregnancy. vaginal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13264 NCIt: C26945 SS, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasodilation a cardiovascular disorder AE which has an outcome of vasodilatation, which refers to the widening of blood vessels resulting from relaxation of smooth muscle cells within the vessel walls, particularly in the large arteries, smaller arterioles and large veins. vasodilatation AE HPO: HP_0004927 SIDER: C0595862 a bacterial infection AE that has an outcome of bacteria in the blood DJ, SS, YH bacteraemia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bacteremia 10003997 bacteremia AE a sepsis AE caused by bacterial infection in the bloodstream or body tissues DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sepsis 10053840 bacterial sepsis AE a skin AE that has an outcome of a slow-growing nonmelanoma skin cancer DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001827/ 10004146 basal cell carcinoma AE HPO: HP_0002671 SIDER: C0007117 a basophil count abnormal AE that is characterized by increase in the number of basophils in the body DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/basophil+granulocyte 10004169 basophil count increased AE an ulcer AE that is characterized by ulcers in the mouth that may decrease ocular functionality DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/behcet's+disease 10004213 behcet's syndrome AE a musculoskeletal system AE that has an outcome of low muscle tone DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypotonia 10051900 benign congenital hypotonia AE a female reproductive system AE that has an outcome of a non-fertilized egg that implants itself in the uterus and turns a normal pregnancy into an abnormal one DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hydatidiform+mole 10004272 benign hydatidiform mole AE a benign tumor AE that has an outcome of a benign tumor in their ovaries DJ, SS, YH benign ovarian tumour AE 10004433 benign ovarian tumor AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of a blockage in the tubes that carry bile from the liber to the gallbladder and small intestine DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000263.htm 10056375 bile duct obstruction AE a liver/biliary system AE that has an outcome of dilating or stretching of the bile duct DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21843715 10057202 biliary dilatation AE an eating disorder that is characterized by episodes of uncontrollable eating. DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/binge+eating 10004716 binge eating AE an eye disorder AE that has an outcome of binocular eye movement disorder where control and alignment of eyes are compromised DJ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23201436 Secondary Source: http://brain.oxfordjournals.org/content/119/6/1933.full.pdf 10061010 binocular eye movement disorder AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of cancer that starts in the bladder, the body part that holds and releases urine in the center of the lower belly area DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001517/ 10005003 bladder cancer AE HPO: HP_0009725 SIDER: C0005684 a blast cell count abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increased amount of immature precursors of either lymphocytes or granulocytes that do not normally appear in peripheral blood. May indicate acute leukemia DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://meds.queensu.ca/medicine/deptmed/hemonc/anemia/blast.htm 10062274 blast cell count increased AE a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of a sudden, severe change in the course of chronic granulocytic leukemia with an increase in the proportion of myeloblasts DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/blast+crisis 10053747 blast cell crisis AE a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of myeloblasts or myeloid blasts. Presence of these abnormal blasts prevent production of adequate platelets, red blood cells and white blood cells, can be associated with leukemia DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://lymphoma.about.com/od/glossary/ss/Blast-Cells.htm 10057107 blast cells present AE a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of the last stage of chronic myelogenous leukemia characterized by rapid progression and short survival with an increase of myeloblasts or lymphoblasts in the blood or bone marrow DJ, SS, YH blast crisis in myelogenous leukaemia AE WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/blast+crisis , Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23171293 10050282 blast crisis in myelogenous leukemia AE an eye inflammation AE that has an outcome of swelling in the eyelids, usually where eyelash follicles are located DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002586/ 10005148 blepharitis AE HPO: HP_0000498 SIDER: C0005741 a blood albumin level abnormal AE with an outcome of a decrease in the amount of albumin, a protein made by the liver DJ, SS, YH, EB hypoalbuminemia AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003480.htm 10005287 blood albumin level decreased AE a liver related investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of an abnormal level of alkaline phosphatase in the blood DJ, SS, YH, EB 10059571 blood alkaline phosphatase level abnormal AE a blood alkaline phosphatase abnormal AE that has an outcome of a decreased level of alkaline phosphatase in the blood DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/alkaline+phosphatase 10059569 blood alkaline phosphatase decreased AE a blood alkaline phosphatase abnormal AE that has an outcome of elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase, an enzyme responsible for removing phosphate groups. a liver/biliary system AE that has an outcome of an increased amount of ALP, an isoenzyme that removes phosphate groups commonly found in the bile ducts but also found in the bone DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/alkaline+phosphatase 10001675 10059570 blood alkaline phosphatase increased AE CTCAE: E12082 HPO: HP_0003155 NCIt: C35607 SIDER: C0852911 a distal neuropathy AE which shows a neurological disorder characterized by progressive weakness and impaired sensory function in the legs and arms. It is caused by the loss of myelin sheath of the peripheral nerves. AG, YH CIDP Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy WEB: http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/cidp/cidp.htm chronic inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy AE a blood amylase level abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increased amount of amylase, an enzyme that helps digest carbohydrates; may indicate disease or inflammation of the pancreas DJ, SS, YH, EB serum amylase increased AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003464.htm 10005328 10040139 blood amylase level increased AE CTCAE: E12212 NCIt: C78608 a liver related investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of an abnormal amount of bilirubin in the blood DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bilirubin 10058477 blood bilirubin level abnormal AE a blood bilirubin level abnormal AE with an outcome of a increased amount of bilirubin, or a yellow breakdown product (broken down hemoglobin) of normal heme catabolism, in the blood DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bilirubin 10005364 blood bilirubin level increased AE CTCAE: E12096 NCIt: C27088 a physical quality that has a decreased amount of calcium in the bloodstream DJ, SS, YH 10005395 blood calcium decreased A physical quality that has an decreased level of chloride ion in the blood, excessive loss may be due to sweating, vomiting and adrenal gland/kidney disease DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9940 10005419 blood chloride decreased HPO: HP_0003113 SIDER: C0595902 a blood cholesterol abnormal AE with the result of an increase in cholesterol level in the blood DJ, SS, YH, EB 10005425 blood cholesterol increased AE CTCAE: E12127 HPO: HP_0003124 NCIt: C37967 SIDER: C0595930 an enzyme investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of abnormal levels of creatine phosphokinase in the blood DJ, SS, YH, EB 10005468 blood creatine phosphokinase level abnormal AE a blood creatinine level abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increased level of creatinine in the blood (due to lack of kidney activity) DJ, SS, YH, EB creatinine increased AE serum creatinine increased WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/creatinine 10005483 10011368 blood creatinine level increased AE CTCAE: E12137 NCIt: C78249 an infection adverse event that has an outcome of bacteria or yeasts in the blood DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/blood-culture/tab/test 10005488 blood culture positive AE a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of disease in the blood, a living tissue made up of plasma and red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Blood disorders affect one or more parts of the blood and prevent the blood from doing this job. DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/blooddisorders.html 10061590 blood disorder AE a blood folate abnormal AE that has an outcome of a decreased level of folate in the blood DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/folate 10005527 blood folate level decreased AE a blood glucose level abnormal AE that has an outcome of a decrease of glucose levels in blood DJ, SS, YH, EB 10005555 blood glucose level decreased AE a blood glucose level abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increased glucose level in blood DJ, SS, YH, EB 10005557 blood glucose level increased AE a blood homocysteine level abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increased levels of homocysteine in the blood DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/homocysteine 10049733 blood homocysteine level increased AE an immunology and allergy investigation result abnormal AE that results in an increased immunoglobulin a level in the blood DJ, SS, YH, EB IgA level increased WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/immunoglobulin+A 10005586 blood immunoglobulin A level increased AE a blood lactate dehydrogenase level abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increased amount of LDH, an enzyme that could indicate tissue damage DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003471.htm 10005630 blood lactate dehydrogenase level increased AE A physical quality that has an decreased level of magnesium, a mineral involved in nerve signaling and bone health. Deficiency can cause spasms, and muscular cramps. DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=4243 10005654 blood magnesium decreased HPO: HP_0002917 SIDER: C0853750 a blood parathyroid hormone level abnormal AE that has an outcome of a decrease in the level of parathyroid hormone in the blood DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/parathyroid+hormone 10005702 blood parathyroid hormone decreased AE A physical quality that has an decreased level of decreased phosphorus in the blood DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003478.htm 10049471 blood phosphorus decreased HPO: HP_0002148 SIDER: C0877517 a physical quality where the blood potassium level is decreased. DJ, SS, YH, LW, MW 血钾下降 10005724 blood potassium decreased HPO: HP_0002900 a hypotension AE that has an outcome of a decrease in the amount of pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/low-blood-pressure/DS00590/DSECTION=causes 10005737 blood pressure diastolic decreased AE a hypotension AE that has an outcome of immeasurable blood pressure DJ, SS, YH 10005748 blood pressure immeasurable AE A physical quality that has an decreased level of sodium concentration in the blood DJ, SS, YH, MW 10005802 blood sodium decreased a blood thromboplastin level abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increase in the level of thromboplastin in the blood DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/thromboplastin 10005827 blood thromboplastin level increased AE a blood urea level abnormal AE with an outcome of a decreased amount of urea nitrogen in the blood, below 7 to 21 mg of urea per 100 ml DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/blood+urea+nitrogen 10005850 blood urea level decreased AE a blood urea level abnormal AE that results in an increase in amount of urea in blood DJ, SS, YH, EB 10005851 blood urea level increased AE a blood uric acid level abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increase in uric acid in the blood; excess purines may accumulate in tissues and form crystals DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://chemocare.com/chemotherapy/side-effects/hyperuricemia-high-uric-acid.aspx 10005861 blood uric acid level increased AE a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of a cyst that forms on the bone DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bone+cyst 10005952 bone cyst AE a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of surgery to clean and flush out the infected bone DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Osteomyelitis 10057612 bone debridement AE a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of an anomlay in the growth or structure of a bone DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20972590 10061728 bone lesion AE a bone marrow disorder AE that has an outcome of an abnormal condition in which the bone marrow is unable to produce normal amounts of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets DJ, SS, YH, MW bone marrrow hypocellular hypocellular bone marrow WEB: http://en.diagnosispro.com/differential_diagnosis-for/bx-bone-marrow-biopsy-hypocellular/29777-154.html WEB: http://www.drugs.com/condition/bone-marrow-depression-low-blood-counts.html 10005986 10048580 Bone marrow produces three types of blood cells; red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Bone marrow depression is characterized by an inability or reduced ability of the bone marrow to produce these cells. A low blood count can involve just one or all three types of blood cells. bone marrow depression AE CTCAE: E10022 HPO: HP_0012145 NCIt: C35167 SIDER: C0151773 UMLS: C0151773 a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of disease in the bone marrow, the spongy tissue inside of some bones that contain stem cells that can develop into red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/bonemarrowdiseases.html 10061729 bone marrow disorder AE a bone marrow disorder AE that has an outcome of an insufficient amount of red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets, associated with fanconii anemia, dyskeratosis congenita, and aplastic anemia DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23271412 10065553 bone marrow failure AE a bone marrow disorder AE that has an outcome of an excess formation of connective tissue in the bone marrow DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22246040 10069678 bone marrow reticulin fibrosis AE a bone marrow disorder AE that has an outcome of the decrease in cells responsible for providing immunity, carrying oxygen and blood clotting DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12806941 10051779 bone marrow toxicity AE HPO: HP_0005561 SIDER: C0948168 a bone marrow disorder AE that has an outcome of the replacement of damaged bone marrow with healthy bone marrow stem cells DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003009.htm 10061730 bone marrow transplant AE a swelling AE that results in swelling around a bone DJ, SS, YH 10053631 bone swelling AE a skin adverse event that has an outcome of an early stage of squamous cell carcinoma DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bowen's+disease 10006059 bowen's disease AE a bradycardia AE that results in a decreased heart rate in a neonate DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10822186 10056471 bradycardia neonatal AE HPO: HP_0001662 SIDER: C1112488 an edema AE that has an outcome of edema or swelling of the extravascular compartment from uptake of water in the gray and white matter DJ, SS, YH brain oedema AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cerebral+edema 10048962 brain edema AE HPO: HP_0002181 SIDER: C1527311 a tumor AE that has an outcome of cancer in the breast DJ, SS, YH 10006187 breast cancer AE HPO: HP_0003002 SIDER: C0006142 a breast cancer AE that has an outcome of cancerous cells spreading to the breast DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001911/ 10055113 breast cancer metastatic AE a breast cancer AE that has an outcome of breast cancer at the stage III level DJ, SS, YH 10006201 breast cancer stage iii AE an infection AE that results in the breast becoming infected DJ, SS, YH 10006259 breast infection AE CTCAE: E11318 HPO: HP_0002726 NCIt: C53662 SIDER: C0392317 a pain AE that results in pain in the breast DJ, SS, YH, MW 10006298 breast pain AE CTCAE:E13073 HPO: HP_0000769 NCIt:C78223 SIDER: C0024902 a reproductive system AE that has an outcome of pain or discomfort in the breast, may be caused by small benign tumors DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21979747 10006313 breast tenderness AE HPO: HP_0100749 SIDER: C0262397 a pneumonia AE that has an outcome of acute inflammation of the walls of the smaller bronchial tubes, with irregular areas of consolidation due to spread of inflammation into peribronchiolar alveoli and the alveolar ducts of the lungs DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bronchopneumonia 10006469 bronchopneumonia AE HPO: HP_0006538 SIDER: C0006285 an immune system disorder AE that has an outcome of an exaggerated response of the immune system to the fungus Aspergillus DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bronchopulmonary+aspergillosis 10006473 bronchopulmonary aspergillosis AE HPO: HP_0002724 SIDER: C2350530 a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of a sudden constriction of the muscles in the walls of the bronchioles DJ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bronchospasm 10006482 bronchospasm AE CTCAE:E13352 HPO: HP_0002099 NCIt:C34439 SIDER: C0006266 a sensory capability AE that results in a feeling of burning DJ, SS, YH 10006784 burning sensation AE a syndrom AE that has an outcome of a wasting syndrome characterized by weight loss, muscle atrophy, fatigue, and loss of appetite, often occurs with cancer. DJ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Wasting+Syndrome Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23279159 10006895 cachexia AE HPO: HP_0004326 SIDER: C0006625 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of inflammation of the caecum, part of the large intestine DJ, SS, YH caecitis AE typhlitis AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/caecitis 10006919 10045271 cecitis AE CTCAE: E11058 NCIt: C38043 an endocrine system AE that has an outcome of deficiency of calcium in the body DJ, SS, YH 10006956 calcium deficiency AE a cardiovascular disorder AE that has an outcome of self-reversing episodes during which the endothelial cells which line the capillaries are thought to separate for a few days, allowing for a leakage of fluid from the circulatory system to the interstitial space, resulting in hypotension, hemoconcentration, and hypoalbuminemia DJ, SS, YH, MW Clarkson's Disease AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22873043 10007196 capillary leak syndrome AE CTCAE:E13766 NCIt:C62578 a cytogenetic investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increase in a type of protein typically associated with tumors and the developing fetus DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/carcinoembryonic_antigen/article.htm 10007266 carcinoembryonic antigen increased AE a tumor AE that has an outcome of a carcinoid tumor that forms somewhere in the body DJ, SS, YH carcinoid tumour AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23307266 10007275 carcinoid tumor AE HPO: HP_0006723 SIDER: C0007095 a blood chloride abnormal AE with an outcome of decrease in amount of chloride ion in the blood, excessive loss may be due to sweating, vomiting and adrenal gland/kidney disease YH, MW WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypochloremia 10020957 hypochloremia AE HPO: HP_0003113 UMLS CUI: C0085680 a cardiovascular disorder AE that results in the inability of the heart to provide sufficient pump action to distribute blood flow to meet the needs of the body DJ, SS, YH heart failure WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cardiac+failure 10007554 10019279 cardiac failure AE CTCAE: E10124 HPO: HP_0001635 NCIt: C50577 SIDER: C0018801 a cardiovascular disorder AE that results in an inability of the heart to provide sufficient pump action to distribute blood flow to meet the needs of the body DJ, SS, YH congestive heart failure WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/congestive+heart+failure Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21676684 10007559 cardiac failure congestive AE HPO: HP_0001635 SIDER: C0018802 a surgery that implants a cardiac pacemaker, a device that supplies electrical impulses to the heart to maintain the heartbeat at a regular rate DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.mdguidelines.com/cardiac-pacemaker-insertion 10007598 cardiac pacemaker insertion a cardiac disorder AE that has an outcome of disease involving one or more of the valves of the heart DJ, SS, YH valvular disease AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/valvular+heart+disease 10061406 cardiac valve disease AE HPO: HP_0001654 SIDER: C0018824 a cardiac disorder AE that has an outcome of a disorder involving the ventricle(s) in the heart DJ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ventricular Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15473469 10057455 cardiac ventricular disorder AE a hypotension AE that has an outcome of the inability of the heart to supply enough blood to the organs of the body because of heart damage DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001237/ 10007625 cardiogenic shock AE a cardiovascular disorder AE that has an outcome of deterioration of the function of the myocardium, usually leads to heart failure DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cardiomyopathy WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiomyopathy 10007636 cardiomyopathy AE HPO: HP_0001638 SIDER: C0878544 a cardiovascular disorder AE that has an outcome of heart electrophysiology dysfunction and/or muscle damage. Is not efficient at pumping/circulating blood DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cardiomyopathy 10048610 cardiotoxicity AE a coronary artery disorder AE that results in lesion in carotid artery DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8198401 10067116 carotid arteriosclerosis AE a musculoskeletal system AE that has an outcome of loss of muscle tone due to emotional responses like laughing and crying DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cataplexy 10007737 cataplexy AE HPO: HP_0002524 SIDER: C0007384 a eye disorder AE that results in cloudiness that develops in the eye DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cataract 10007739 cataract AE CTCAE: E10350 HPO: HP_0000518 NCIt: C26713 SIDER: C0086543 a sugery AE that has an adverse outcome related to the use of catheter, a thin tube inserted in the body DJ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/catheter Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23306712 10052253 catheter related complication AE an infection AE that has an outcome of an infection (e.g., bacterial colonisation) at the catheter site DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8825104 10007810 10056520 catheter related infection AE CTCAE: E11328 HPO: HP_0002719 NCIt: C78232 SIDER: C0860239 a bacterial infection AE that is located at the catheter site DJ, SS, YH 10056520 catheter site infection AE a sugery AE that has an adverse outcome at the site where a catheter was used DJ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/catheter Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23074085 10007811 catheter site related reaction AE a cardiac disorder AE that has an outcome of a problem after inserting a catheter into the heart DJ, SS, YH catheterisation cardiac abnormal AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cardiac+catheterization 10007816 catheterization cardiac abnormal AE a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of an acute loss of function of the lumbar plexus DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23230403 10007821 cauda equina syndrome AE a bacterial infection AE that is located at the central-line catheter site DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7580945 10054192 central line infection AE HPO: HP_0002719 SIDER: C1096243 an infection AE that is located in the central nervous system DJ, SS, YH 10061036 central nervous system infection AE HPO: HP_0005381 SIDER: C0007684 a tumor AE that has an outcome of lymphoma in the central nervous system DJ, SS, YH 10007953 central nervous system lymphoma AE an ataxia AE that is located in the cerebellum DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23283615 10008025 cerebellar ataxia AE HPO: HP_0001251 SIDER: C0007758 a brain disorder AE that has an outcome of an inherited brain disorder that affects muscle coordination, may involve the tendency for limb movements to overshoot or undershoot a target, tremors and impaired rhythm DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/medical/cerebellar_syndrome.htm 10008072 cerebellar syndrome AE HPO: HP_0001317 SIDER: C0007760 a brain disorder AE with the outcome of hemorrhage or blood in the brain DJ, SS, YH cerebral haemorrhage AE 10008111 cerebral hemorrhage AE HPO: HP_0001342 SIDER: C2937358 a brain disorder AE that results in the sudden death of brain cells in a localized area due to inadequate blood flow DJ, SS, YH cerebral ischaemia AE ischemic stroke AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Cerebral+ischaemia 10008120 cerebral ischemia AE HPO: HP_0002637 SIDER: C0917798 a nervous system AE that has an outcome of pain or another sensation in the patient's neck and shoulder region DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.mdguidelines.com/cervicobrachial-syndrome/definition 10008334 cervicobrachial syndrome AE a skin AE that has an outcome of dry lips caused by the evaporation of moisture. DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9433089 10049047 chapped lips AE an inflammation AE that occurs in the lip DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cheilitis 10008417 cheilitis AE CTCAE: E10517 HPO: HP_0100825 NCIt: C79545 SIDER: C0007971 a skin AE that has an outcome of a burn due to chemicals on the skin DJ, SS, YH 10057941 chemical burn of skin AE a discomfort AE that has an outcome of pain in the chest DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/chest+pain 10008469 chest discomfort AE HPO: HP_0001681 SIDER: C0235710 alcohol cardiomyopathy AE a progressive tumor AE that has an outcome of multiple, malignant, localized green masses of abnormal cells, usually myeloblasts, especially beneath the periosteum of the skull, spine and ribs DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/chloroma 10008583 chloroma AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of infection in the common bile duct, usually by bacterial infection DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001335/ 10008604 cholangitis AE HPO: HP_0011040 SIDER: NA a liver/biliary system AE that has an outcome of a condition in which the flow of bile from the liver is slowed or blocked DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001263/ 10008635 cholestasis AE HPO: HP_0001396 SIDER: C0008370 an adverse event that has an outcome of calcium crystals of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate accumulated in the connective tissues of the patient DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/chondrocalcinosis 10008690 chondrocalcinosis pyrophosphate AE a cytogenetic investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of an abnormal chromosome pattern DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.miscarriageclinic.co.uk/causes-and-treatments/chromosome-abnormality/ 10008817 chromosome analysis abnormal AE a peripheral neuropathy AE which has an outcome of a chemotherapy-induced neuropathy that affects nerves of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) AG, YH CIPN WEB: http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/physicalsideeffects/chemotherapyeffects/peripheralneuropathy/peripheral-neuropathy-caused-by-chemotherapy-what-is-cipn chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy AE a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of cancer of the white blood cells characterized by increased and unregulated growth of myeloid cells in the bone marrow DJ, SS, YH chronic myeloid leukaemia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/chronic+myelogenous+leukemia 10009013 chronic myeloid leukemia AE HPO: HP_0005506 SIDER: C0023473 a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of cancer of the white blood cells characterized by the increased and unregulated growth of predominantly myeloid cells in the bone marrow and the accumulation of these cells in the blood. May transform from chronic myeloid leukaemia to acute myeloid leukaemia DJ, SS, YH chronic myeloid leukaemia transformation AE WEB: http://www.jci.org/articles/view/41246 10068232 chronic myeloid leukemia transformation AE a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of breathing difficulty with two main forms: chronic bronchitis and emphysema DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001153/ 10009033 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease AE HPO: HP_0006510 SIDER: C0024117 a respiratory system AE that results in inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/respiratory+failure 10009126 chronic respiratory failure AE a respiratory system AE that has an outcome of inflammation in the cavities around the nasal passages DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/chronic-sinusitis/DS00232 10009137 chronic sinusitis AE a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of lymphatic fluid accumulating in the pleural cavity, the space between two pleura of the lungs DJ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/chylothorax 10051228 chylothorax AE CTCAE:E13358 NCIt:C79546 a cardiovascular disorder AE that has an outcome of insufficient circulation without congestive heart failure DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/circulatory+collapse 10009192 circulatory collapse AE a bacterial infection AE that has an outcome of invasion by anaerobic bacteria of the genus Clostridium, can cause tetanus and botulism DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/clostridium_difficile_colitis/page2.htm 10061043 clostridial infection AE HPO: HP_0004798 SIDER: C0009062 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of bacterial infection by clostridium difficile colitis, commonly results in diarrhea and colitis DJ, SS, YH 10009657 clostridium difficile colitis AE HPO: HP_0002583 SIDER: C0238106 a coagulation factor v level abnormal AE that has an outcome of a decreased level of the factor V protein in the coagulation system of the body DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22781721 10009754 coagulation factor v level decreased AE an inflammation AE that occurs at the large intestine DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002112/ 10009887 colitis AE CTCAE: E10521 HPO: HP_0002583 NCIt: C26723 SIDER: C0009319 a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of a collapsed lung, refering to the space between the wall of the chest cavity and the lung filling with air, causing all or a portion of the lung to collapse DJ, SS, YH Pneumothorax 10009913 collapse of lung AE a tumor AE that has an outcome of cancer that starts in the large intestine or the rectum DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001308/ 10009944 colon cancer AE HPO: HP_0003003 SIDER: C0007102 a colon AE that has an outcome of cancerous cells spreading to the colon DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Sites-Types/metastatic 10055114 colon cancer metastatic AE a colon cancer AE that has an outcome of colon cancer at stage IV DJ, SS, YH 10009956 colon cancer stage iv AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of cancer that starts in the large intestine or rectum. DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001308/ 10061451 colorectal cancer AE HPO: HP_0003003 SIDER: C1527249 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of cancer in the large intestine and the rectum. When metastatic, the cancer has already spead to distant sites and is considered stage IV. DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22642873 10052358 colorectal cancer metastatic AE HPO: HP_0003003 SIDER: C0948380 an imaging investigation result abnormal AE that has an abnormal result of an imaging method in which a cross-sectional image of the structures in a body plane is reconstructed by a computer program from the x-ray absorption of beams projected through the body in the image plane DJ, SS, YH, EB computerised tomogram abnormal AE WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/computerized+tomography , Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23271098 WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/computed+tomography 10010235 computerized tomography result abnormal AE an adverse event that has an outcome of progression of underlying conditions that may affect drug distribution or metabolism DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Concomitant+disease 10048659 concomitant disease progression AE an adverse event that has an outcome of condition that worsens DJ, SS, YH 10010264 condition aggravated AE a congenital abnormality AE that has an outcome of an abnormality in heart which is present at birth DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/congenital+heart+defect 10061054 congenital cardiovascular anomaly AE HPO: HP_0001626 SIDER: C0243050 a cardiomyopathy AE that is characterized by the walls of the heart chambers stretching to hold a greater volume of blood than normal DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/congestive+cardiomyopathy 10056370 congestive cardiomyopathy AE HPO: HP_0001635 SIDER: C0007193 an eye disorder AE that has an outcome of a problem involving the insides of the patient's eyelids DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/conjunctiva 10061446 conjunctival disorder AE HPO: HP_0000502 SIDER: C0009759 a hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of a bright hemorrhagic patch on the bulbar conjunctiva caused by rupture and bleeding of a superficial small capillary due to increased pressure DJ, SS, YH conjunctival haemorrhage AE 10010719 conjunctival hemorrhage AE HPO: HP_0007902 SIDER: C0009760 an adverse event that has an outcome of disease in the biological tissue that supports, binds together and protects organs DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/connective+tissue+disease 10061087 connective tissue disorder AE HPO: HP_0003549 SIDER: C0009782 an eye disorder AE that has a result of the inability to use contact lenses DJ, SS, YH 10010804 contact lens intolerance AE a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of a positive coombs test, which is a blood test that identifies the causes of anemia DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Coombs'+Tests WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/test 10061090 coombs' test positive AE a behavior and neurological AE that results in a loss of coordination DJ, SS, YH 10010947 coordination abnormal AE HPO: HP_0011443 SIDER: C0520966 a cardiac disorder AE that has an outcome of treatment involving the stenotic coronary arteries in the heart DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/coronary+angioplasty 10050329 coronary angioplasty AE a coronary artery disorder AE that has an outcome of an blockage in the coronary artery DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22953315 10011084 coronary artery embolism AE a coronary artery disorder AE that has an outcome of an insufficient amount of blood circulates through the coronary arteries DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/coronary+insufficiency 10052895 coronary artery insufficiency AE HPO: HP_0001677 SIDER: C0542052 a tumor AE that has an outcome of a brain tumor derived from the embryonic tissue of the pituitary gland DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/craniopharyngioma 10011318 craniopharyngioma AE a c-reactive protein level abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increased amount of CRP, a protein that measure general levels of inflammation in the body DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/c-reactive-protein-crp moved "c-reactive protein increased AE" from "cardiac AE" to "lab test abnormal AE" EB 10006825 c-reactive protein level increased AE viral cardiomyopathy AE a nervous system AE that has an outcome of increased pressure in the skull DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/intracranial+pressure 10011570 csf pressure increased AE a urine analysis result abnormal AE that has an outcome of high bacterial colonization counts in the urine DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/urine-culture/tab/test 10011640 culture urine positive AE an inflammation AE that has an outcome of inflamed blood vessels in the skin DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://dermnetnz.org/vascular/vasculitis.html 皮肤血管炎 10011686 cutaneous vasculitis AE HPO: HP_0200029 SIDER: C0262988 a urinary system AE that has an outcome of cystitis with severe hemorrhage, a dose-limiting toxic condition with administration of ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide or a complication of bone marrow transplantation DJ, SS, YH cystitis haemorrhagic AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hemorrhagic+cystitis 10011793 cystitis hemorrhagic AE a genetic disorder AE that has an outcome of an atypical number of chromosomes or a structural abnormality in one or more chromosomes DJ, SS, YH 10067477 cytogenetic abnormality AE an inflammation AE that has an outcome of release of cytokines by T cells that causes inflammation DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/cytokine+release+syndrome 10052015 cytokine release syndrome AE CTCAE: E11264 NCIt: C78251 a liver/biliary system AE that has an outcome of liver cells carrying excess water, causing inflammation along with hepatitis DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.thirdage.com/hc/c/q/hepatitis/1550008/what-is-cytolytic-hepatitis 10050904 cytolytic hepatitis AE HPO: HP_0004787 SIDER: C0919823 an inflammation AE that results in the inflammation of the colon DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22874621 10048983 cytomegalovirus colitis AE a viral infection AE that is caused by cytomegalovirus DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/cytomegalovirusinfections.html 10011831 cytomegalovirus infection AE HPO: HP_0004429 SIDER: C0010823 a skin AE that has an outcome of shedding of the dead skin cells from the scalp DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dandruff 10011859 dandruff AE HPO: HP_0001051 SIDER: C0221244 a surgery that performs a medical removal of dead, damaged, or infected tissue to improve the healing potential of the remaining healthy tissue DJ, SS, YH, SJ WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Debridement WEB: http://www.surgeryencyclopedia.com/Ce-Fi/Debridement.html 10057612 10067806 debridement a skin ulcer AE that has an outcome of localized injuries to the skin and/or underlying tissue usually over a bony prominence as a result of pressure DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pressure+ulcer 10011985 decubitus ulcer AE HPO: HP_0200042 SIDER: C0011127 a venous thrombosis that is characterized by a blood clot that forms in a vein deep in the body. Blood clots occur when blood thickens and clumps together. Most deep vein blood clots occur in the lower leg or thigh. They also can occur in other parts of the body. DJ, SS, YH DVT WEB: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/dvt/ Moved from Cardiac AE to thombosis AE by LB 10051055 deep vein thrombosis AE HPO: HP_0004850 SIDER: C0149871 a psychiatric disorder AE that results in a decline in level of cognitive function DJ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/delirium 10012218 delirium AE CTCAE:E12898 NCIt:C2981 a tooth disorder AE that has an outcome of bacterial infection that causes demineralization and destruction of the hard tissues, resulting in dental cavities DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dental+caries 10012318 dental caries AE CTCAE: E10568 HPO: HP_0000670 NCIt: C52593 SIDER: C0011334 a sensory capability AE that results in a lower level of arousal than normal DJ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23167919 10012373 depressed level of consciousness AE CTCAE:E12625 HPO: HP_0004372 NCIt:C78253 SIDER: C0549249 a dermatitis ae that is characterized by the eruption of papules and pustules, typically on the face, scalp, upper chest and back. DJ, SS, YH WEB: https://www.medify.com/conditions/acneiform-dermatitis 10012432 dermatitis acneiform AE HPO: HP_0001051 SIDER: C0234894 a dermatitis ae that is characterized by an inflammatory skin disease with erythmea and scaling, that has an outcome of widespread scaling of the skin, often with itching, skin redness and hair loss DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001610.htm 10012455 dermatitis exfoliative AE HPO: HP_0011123 SIDER: C0011606 a muscle AE that has an outcome of muscle weakness, inflammation, skin rash and difficulty swallowing DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001842/ 10012503 dermatomyositis AE a motor neuropathy AE that has an outcome of poor coordination DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001533.htm 10012557 developmental coordination disorder AE an injury and procedural complication AE that results in the dislocation of a device DJ, SS, YH 10064684 device dislocation AE an injury and procedural complication AE that results in the expulsion (vomiting) of medical device from body DJ, SS, YH 10012578 device expulsion AE an injury and procedural complication AE that results in an infection related to medical device DJ, SS, YH 10064687 device related infection AE CTCAE: E11356 HPO: HP_0002719 NCIt: C79705 SIDER: C1619702 a coma AE which is induced by the condition that the patient has extremely high levels of sugar in the blood without ketones DJ, SS, YH diabetic hyperglycaemic coma AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000304.htm 10012668 diabetic hyperglycemic coma AE a respiratory system AE that has an outcome of an abnormal hole in the diaphragm DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23288807 10012713 diaphragmatic hernia AE HPO: HP_0000776 SIDER: C0019284 a paralysis AE that has an outcome of a paralyzed diaphragm DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19452391 10012725 diaphragmatic paralysis AE a diarrhea AE that has an outcome of rectal bleeding and bloody diarrhea DJ, SS, YH diarrhoea haemorrhagic AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19292138 10012741 diarrhea hemorrhagic AE HPO: HP_0002255 SIDER: C0151594 a diarrhea AE that has an outcome of diarrhea is caused by infection DJ, SS, YH diarrhoea infectious AE 10012742 diarrhea infectious AE a cardiac disorder AE with an outcome of decline in performance of one or both ventricles of the heart during the time phase of diastole, when heart filling with incoming blood DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/diastolic+dysfunction 10052337 diastolic dysfunction AE a cardiac ventricular disorder AE that has an outcome of enlargement of a heart chamber that pumps blood away from the heart DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1721391/ 10013012 dilatation ventricular AE an adverse event with an outcome of worsening of the disease DJ, SS, YH 10061818 disease progression AE HPO: HP_0004738 SIDER: C0242656 a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of dislocation of vertebra DJ, SS, YH 10013183 dislocation of vertebra AE a sensory capability AE that results in the senses of time, direction, and recognition of people and places becoming difficult to distinguish DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/disorientation 10013395 disorientation AE HPO: HP_0001289 SIDER: C0233407 a hematopoietic system AE with an outcome of a serious disorder in which proteins that control blood clotting become abnormally active DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000573.htm 10013442 disseminated intravascular coagulation AE CTCAE: E10028 HPO: HP_0005521 NCIt: C2992 SIDER: C0012739 a behavior and neurological AE that results in a loss of attention DJ, SS, YH 10013496 disturbance in attention AE HPO: HP_0007018 SIDER: C0233414 a digestive system AE with an outcome of perforation of small sacs or pockets in the wall of the colon DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/diverticular-disease 10061820 diverticular perforation AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of infection and inflammation in the small, bulging sacs or pouches of the inner lining of the intestine DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001303/ 10013538 diverticulitis AE HPO: HP_0002253 SIDER: C0012813 a hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of bleeding in the intestine due to diverticulitis DJ, SS, YH diverticulitis intestinal haemorrhagic AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2780263/ 10013541 diverticulitis intestinal hemorrhagic AE an adverse event that has an outcome of a decreased amount of the drug excreted by the body DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/drug+clearance 10049463 drug clearance decreased AE an adverse drug event that results in the development of a dependence on the drug DJ, SS, YH 10013663 drug dependence AE HPO: HP_0000722 SIDER: C1510472 a skin AE that has an outcome of a range of adverse drugs reactions of the skin, most commonly rashes resembling measles DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/drug+eruption 10013687 drug eruption AE a hypersensitivity AE that has an outcome of allergic reactions to certain drugs DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23192511 10013700 drug hypersensitivity AE HPO: HP_0100326 SIDER: C0013182 a drug AE that has an outcome of lower threshold to the normal pharmacologic action of a drug DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/drug+intolerance 10061822 drug intolerance AE a headache AE that has an outcome of headaches due to drug withdrawal DJ, SS, YH 10013753 drug withdrawal headache AE an adverse event that results in symptoms that occur after the discontinuation of the use of a certain drug DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/withdrawal 10013754 drug withdrawal syndrome AE a skin AE that is characterized by epidermis that lacks moisture, has an outcome of fine lines, scaling and itching DJ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dry+skin 10013786 dry skin AE CTCAE:E13623 HPO: HP_0000958 NCIt:C74592 SIDER: C0151908 a duodenum AE that has an outcome of a peptic ulcer, or a defect in the lining of the stomach or the first part of the small intestine, located in the duodenum DJ, SS, YH peptic ulcer AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001255/ 10013836 duodenal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10611 HPO: HP_0002588 NCIt: C26755 SIDER: C0013295 a duodenal ulcer AE with an outcome of bleeding in an ulcer, or a defect, in the lining of the stomach or first part of the small intestine called the duodenum DJ, SS, YH duodenal ulcer haemorrhage AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001255/ 10013839 duodenal ulcer hemorrhage AE HPO: HP_0002588 SIDER: C0151966 a duodenal ulcer AE that has an outcome of perforation, or complete penetration, of an ulcer located in an area of the small intestine called the duodenum DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001255/ 10013849 duodenal ulcer perforation AE HPO: HP_0002588 SIDER: C0740401 a speech disorder that results in a motor speech disorder DJ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dysarthria 10013887 dysarthria AE CTCAE:E12635 HPO: HP_0001260 NCIt:C79549 SIDER: C0013362 a behavioral and neurological AE that results in difficulty reading (mixing up letters) DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dyslexia 10013932 dyslexia AE HPO: HP_0010522 SIDER: C0476254 a speech disorder AE that results in disorders of voice DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dysphonia 10013952 dysphonia AE HPO: HP_0001618 SIDER: C1527344 a dyspnoea AE that has an outcome of shortness of breath during exercise, produces a sensation of not being able to get enough air DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22760109 10013971 dyspnoea exertional AE HPO: HP_0002875 SIDER: C0231807 Dysuria AE is an urinary system AE that results in painful urination JX, DJ, SS, YH urination disorders AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dysuria 排尿困难 10013990 dysuria AE HPO: HP_0100518 SIDER: C0013428 a gustatory system AE which has an outcome of abrnormal or disturbed eating habits DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/eating+disorder 10014062 eating disorder AE a female reproductive system AE that results in an ectopic pregnancy that occurs along with the use of an IUD DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ectopic+pregnancy 10067037 ectopic pregnancy with intrauterine device AE a skin AE that has an outcome of a long term skin disorder that involves scaly and itchy rashes DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001856/ 10014184 eczema AE HPO: HP_0000964 SIDER: C0013595 an abnormal fluid regulation AE that has an outcome of escape of a fluid into a part DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/effusion 10063045 effusion AE a male reproductive system AE that has an outcome of a delay of ejaculation DJ, SS, YH 10014325 ejaculation delayed AE HPO: HP_0000022 SIDER: NA a left ventricular dysfunction AE that has an outcome of decreased percentage of blood leaving the heart each time it contracts DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/ejection-fraction/AN00360 10050528 ejection fraction decreased AE CTCAE: E12142 NCIt: C83492 a cardiac function test abnormal AE that has an outcome of abnormal electrical activity in the heart DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003868.htm 10014363 electrocardiogram result abnormal AE an electrocardiogram result abnormal AE that has an outcome of an abnormal depolarization of the right and left ventricles of the heart that is detected on an electrocardiogram test DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23238367 10014378 electrocardiogram qrs complex abnormal AE an electrocardiogram result abnormal AE that has an outcome of a prolonged time between the start of the Q wave and the end of the T wave in the heart's electrical cycle; a biomarker for ventricular tachyarrhythmias DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23275261 10014387 electrocardiogram qt prolonged AE HPO: HP_0001657 SIDER: C0151878 an electrocardiogram result abnormal AE in which the T wave appears increased in amplitude and cresting at a point DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23301064; http://www.medaphile.com/medical-dictionary/t-wave-peaked 10014396 electrocardiogram t wave peaked AE a homeostasis AE that has an outcome of abnormalities in electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium) DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/electrolyte+imbalance 10014418 electrolyte imbalance AE HPO: HP_0003111 SIDER: C0342579 a psychiatric disorder AE that results in an abnormal expression of emotions DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/emotional+disorder 10014551 emotional disorder AE HPO: HP_0100851 SIDER: C0233459 an inflammation AE that occurs in the inside lining of the heart chambers and heart valves DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002088/ 10014665 endocarditis AE HPO: HP_0100584 SIDER: C0014118 a digestive system AE with an outcome of inflammation in the intestine, especially the small intestine DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/enteritis 10014866 enteritis AE HPO: HP_0004387 SIDER: C0014335 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of disease in the digestive tract caused by infection DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/enterocolitis 10014893 enterocolitis AE CTCAE: E10627 HPO: HP_0004387 NCIt: C79573 SIDER: C0014356 an digestive system AE that has an outcome of an infection by enteric viruses or enterotoxigenic bacterias, usually in the intestines, that presents with diarrhea, abdominal pain, perianal discomfort, incontinence and hemorrhage. DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.mdconsult.com/books/page.do?eid=4-u1.0-B978-1-4377-0792-2..50022-5--cesec139&isbn=978-1-4377-0792-2&type=bookPage&from=content&uniqId=376758653-2 10058838 enterocolitis infectious AE an eosinophil count abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increased amount of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell that becomes active with allergic diseases and infections DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003649.htm 10014945 eosinophil count increased AE HPO: HP_0001880 SIDER: C2240374 a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of higher than normal levels of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/eosinophilia/MY00399 10014950 eosinophilia AE HPO: HP_0001880 SIDER: C0014457 a male reproductive system AE that results in the inability to develop/maintain an erection of penis DJ, SS, JX, LW, YH, MW astyphia AE impotence AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erectile_dysfunction 阳痿/勃起功能障碍 10061461 erectile dysfunction AE CTCAE:E13088 HPO: HP_0008652 NCIt:C3133 SIDER: C0242350 a skin AE that has an outcome of an infection caused by a Streptococcus bacteria that causes blisters, fever and skin lesion and sores DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001643/ 10015145 erysipelas AE HPO: HP_0001055 SIDER: C0014733 a psoriasis AE that has an outcome of psoriasis that affects all sites on the body DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/psoriatic+erythroderma 10015278 erythrodermic psoriasis AE a bacterial infection AE with an outcome of invasion by Escherichia coli bacteria, commonly found in the lower intestine and can cause serious food poisoning, but can also be found in various parts of body DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/escherichia+coli 10061126 escherichia infection AE a microbiology and serology investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of a positive escherichia test DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Escherichia 10070090 escherichia test positive AE an urinary tract infection AE that has an outcome of infection caused by E. coli bacteria DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/urine_infection/article.htm 10052238 escherichia urinary tract infection AE a connective tissue AE that has an outcome of excess perfused, fibrous connective tissue that replaces a fibrin clot in healing wounds. DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19594571 10063560 excessive granulation tissue AE a rash AE that has an outcome of erythema, desquamation, scaling, itching of the skin and loss of hair DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/exfoliative+dermatitis 10064579 exfoliative rash AE a congenital abnormality that results in a weakness of the baby's abdominal wall where the umbilical cord joins it. This weakness allows the abdominal contents to protrude outside the abdominal cavity DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/exomphalos 10015677 exomphalos AE HPO: HP_0001539 SIDER: C1306503 an injury and procedural complication AE that results in the patient being exposed to a contaminated device DJ, SS, YH 10068515 exposure to contaminated device AE a procedural complication AE that results in the patient being exposed to a toxic agent DJ, SS, YH 10053487 exposure to toxic agent AE an abscess AE that results in a collection of pus between a person's skull and dura DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.meb.uni-bonn.de/dtc/primsurg/docbook/html/x1217.html 10061846 extradural abscess AE a paresis AE that results in a partial loss of voluntary movement in their extraocular muscles DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22824489 10015829 extraocular muscle paresis AE CTCAE: E10367 NCIt: C78286 coagulopathy AE results in the impairment of blood to clot causing ecessive or prolonged bleeding. SJ, YH bleeding disorder clotting disorder WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulopathy 10009802 coagulopathy AE a hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of hemorrhage occuring in the blood vessels in the eye DJ, SS, YH eye haemorrhage AE subconjunctival haemorrhage AE WEB: http://www.webmd.com/eye-health/bleeding-in-the-eye 10015926 eye hemorrhage AE HPO: HP_0011885 SIDER: C0015402 a eye disorder AE that has an outcome of swelling in the tissues around the eyes, called the orbits, caused by fluid buildup DJ, SS, YH perioribtal puffiness AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21115963 10015967 eye swelling AE an eye edema AE that has an outcome of swelling in either or both the lower and upper eyelids, due to fluid buildup or inflammation in the delicate tissues surrounding the eye. DJ, SS, YH eyelid oedema AE WEB: http://www.localhealth.com/article/eyelid-swelling 10015993 eyelid edema AE HPO: HP_0100539 SIDER: C0162285 A pregnancy, neonatal and perinatal AE that displays the result of failure to thrive (FTT), which refers to a baby or child that is not developing as well as desired. DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000991.htm WEB: http://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=failure-to-thrive-90-P02297 10016165 failure to thrive AE HPO: HP_0001531 SIDER: C0015544 a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of patient falling DJ, SS, YH 10016173 fall AE CTCAE: E11687 HPO: HP_0002359 NCIt: C50558 SIDER: C0085639 a behavior and neurological AE that results in the extreme fear of needles DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23225704 10068298 fear of needles AE a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of inadequate blood cell formation by bone marrow accompanied by a fever DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Bone+marrow+aplasia 10053213 febrile bone marrow aplasia AE a fever AE that has an outcome of an infection along/because of a fever DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/febrile 10051998 febrile infection AE a neutropenia AE, generally a complication of chemotherapy, that has an outcome of an abnormally low neutrophil granulocyte count, accompanied by fever DJ, SS, YH neutropenic sepsis AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23303687 10016288 febrile neutropenia AE CTCAE: E10033 HPO: HP_0001875 NCIt: C35665 SIDER: C0746883 an injury and procedural complication AE that has an outcome of an complication due to the use of enteral feeding tube DJ, SS, YH enteral feeding AE WEB: http://www.thirdage.com/hc/p/197842/what-is-tube-feeding 10056661 feeding tube complication AE a sensory capabilty AE that results in the patient feeling different than normal after a medical intervention such as taking drug DJ, SS, YH 10016322 feeling abnormal AE HPO: HP_0010870 SIDER: C1443060 Feeling hot AE is a feeling abnormal AE that a patient feels hot. DJ, SS, YH 10016334 feeling hot AE a hypoaesthesia AE that has an outcome of a reduced sense of touch or sensation, or a partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli in the oral area SS, YH hypoaesthesia oral AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoesthesia 10057371 hypoesthesia oral AE HPO: HP_0010830 SIDER: C0521592 a fistula AE that has an outcome of discharge that occurs as the result of the connection between two body cavities DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=fistula%20discharge%20%5BTI%5D 10067143 fistula discharge AE an abnormal fluid regulation AE with an outcome of decrease in ingestion of water or other fluids DJ, SS, YH 10056291 fluid intake reduced AE a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of too much fluid in the blood, can occur due to increase in total body sodium DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22827112 10016803 fluid overload AE a hyperplasia AE that has an outcome of a benign tumor in the liver DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/focal+nodular+hyperplasia 10052285 focal nodular hyperplasia AE a congenital abnormality disorder AE that has an outcome of a decreased heart rate in a fetus DJ, SS, YH foetal heart rate deceleration AE 10058322 fetal heart rate deceleration AE a skin AE with the outcome disease involving of one more more hair follicles, commonly displays rash, itching and pustules near the hair follicles DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001826/ 10016936 folliculitis AE a respiratory system AE that has an outcome of a decreased volume of air expired from the lungs DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/forced+expiratory+volume 10016987 forced expiratory volume decreased AE CTCAE: E12156 NCIt: C50524 a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of fracture located in the arm DJ, SS, YH 10016997 forearm fracture AE a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of complete or incomplete break in a bone resulting from the application of excessive force DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Fractures 10017076 fracture AE CTCAE: E11703 NCIt: C3046 a full blood count abnormal AE that has an outcome of a decrease in full blood cell count DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/full+blood+count 10017413 full blood count decreased AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of inflammation in the esophagus due to fungus DJ, SS, YH fungal oesophagitis AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002138/ 10049656 fungal esophagitis AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of an abnormal enlargement in the size of the gallbladder DJ, SS, YH 10062693 gallbladder enlargement AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of an abnormal hole in the patient's gallbladder DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gallbladder+perforation 10017639 gallbladder perforation AE CTCAE: E11208 NCIt: C78309 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of an abnormal growth (accumulation of mucous membrane tissue) in the gallbladder DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19556839 10049704 gallbladder polyp AE an arrhythmia AE that results in an abnormal heart sound DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/20/6/1053.full.pdf 10017648 gallop rhythm present AE a liver related investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of an abnormal level of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT); GGT is involved in the transfer of amino acids across the cellular membrane DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003458.htm 10017688 gamma-glutamyltransferase level abnormal AE a gamma-glutamyltransferase level abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increase in gamma-glutamyltransferase enzyme presence in the liver DJ, SS, YH, EB GGT increased WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23258530 10017693 10056910 gamma-glutamyltransferase level increased AE CTCAE: E12161 NCIt: C26943 a gastric disorder AE that has an outcome of cancer that starts in the stomach DJ, SS, YH 10017758 gastric cancer AE HPO: HP_0006753 SIDER: C0024623 a tumor AE that has an outcome of cancer in the stomach DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/stomach+cancer 10061968 gastric neoplasm AE a gastric disorder AE that has an outcome of a defect in the lining of the stomach DJ, SS, YH 胃溃疡 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001255/ 10017822 gastric ulcer AE CTCAE: E10727 HPO: HP_0002592 NCIt: C3388 SIDER: C0038358 a gastric disorder AE that has an outcome of inflammation in the lining of the stomach DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002135/ 10017853 gastritis AE CTCAE: E10733 HPO: HP_0005263 NCIt: C26780 SIDER: C0017152 a gastritis AE that has an outcome of inflammation in the stomach mucosa DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2789800 10017860 gastritis atrophic AE a gastritis AE that has an outcome of gastric mucosal erosion caused by damage to mucosal defences DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gastritis 10017865 gastritis erosive AE HPO: HP_0005263 SIDER: C2243088 ischemic colitis AE is a gastrointestinal disorder AE that results in injury and inflammation of the large intestine due to inadequate blood supply. SJ, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ischemic_colitis 10009896 ischemic colitis AE a gastroenteritis AE that has an outcome of disease caused by the norovirus DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/revb/gastro/faq.htm 10068189 gastroenteritis norovirus AE a gastroenteritis AE that has an outcome of disease due to radiation DJ, SS, YH 10017912 gastroenteritis radiation AE a digestive system AE that results in mucosal damage caused by acid from stomach coming up to the esophagus DJ, SS, YH GERD AE esophageal reflux AE gastrooesophageal reflux disease AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23301861 10017885 10066874 gastroesophageal reflux disease AE CTCAE: E10739 NCIt: C26781 a gastrointestinal disorder AE with an outcome of infection in the digestive tract caused by bacteria, viruses or parasites DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Gastrointestinal+infection 10017964 gastrointestinal infection AE HPO: HP_0004798 SIDER: C1264613 a gastrointestinal disoder AE that has an outcome of an injury in the gastrointestinal area DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23207874 10061172 gastrointestinal injury AE a gastrointestinal disoder AE that has an outcome of premature death in cells of living tissue in the stomach and intestines DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/necrosis 10017982 gastrointestinal necrosis AE an adverse event induced by administration of a bupropion drug YH bupropion-induced adverse event a gastrointestinal disorder AE that results in a hole in the wall of the esophagus, stomch, small intestine, large bowel, rectum or gallbladder DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001282/ 10018001 gastrointestinal perforation AE HPO: HP_0011024 SIDER: C0151664 a tumor AE that has an outcome of a tumor in the gastrointestinal tract, thought to grow from specialized cells found in the tract called interstitial cells of Cajal DJ, SS, YH gastrointestinal stromal tumour AE WEB: http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/gastrointestinal-stromal-tumor 10051066 gastrointestinal stromal tumor AE HPO: HP_0007378 SIDER: C0238198 a gastrointestinal disorder AE that has an outcome of poison affecting the stomach and/or intestinal tracts, often accompanied by abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomiting DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.theodora.com/drugs/valcyte_tablets_roche_laboratories.html 10059024 gastrointestinal toxicity AE HPO: HP_0011024 SIDER: C1142499 a cytogenetic investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of a positive test for gene mutation, deletions and duplications that could indicate large disease risk DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: https://www.duchenneconnect.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=346&Itemid=392&lang=en 10063478 gene mutation identification test positive AE a systematic adverse event that has an outcome of worsening of physical health DJ, SS, YH 10049438 general physical health deterioration AE an edema AE that has an outcome of edema where causes of edema are generalized to the whole body, can cause edema in multiple organs and peripherally DJ, SS, YH generalised oedema AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16491771 10018092 generalized edema AE HPO: HP_0007430 SIDER: C0151603 a skin ulcer AE that results in an ulcer in the genital area usually resulting from an STD DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23064541 10018180 genital ulceration AE HPO: HP_0003249 SIDER: C0151281 an abscess AE that has an outcome of a gum-line of the teeth due to pus-filled sacs DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.mdguidelines.com/gingival-abscess 10052359 gingival abscess AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of abnormally enlarged, bulging or protruding gums DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003066.htm 10018291 gingival swelling AE a kidney disorder AE that has an outcome of a decreased rate per minute at which the blood passes through the glomeruli or the filters in the kidneys DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007305.htm 10018358 glomerular filtration rate decreased AE HPO: HP_0000083 SIDER: C0853068 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of a burning or tingling sensation on the lips, tongue or entire mouth DJ, SS, YH burning tongue AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/glossodynia 10018388 glossodynia AE HPO: HP_0000157 SIDER: C0017672 a glycosylated hemoglobin level abnormal AE that has an outcome of decreased levels of glycosylated hemoglobin in the blood DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23015148 10018482 glycosylated hemoglobin level decreased AE a hypothesis textual entity that represents a belief in likelihood of causal connection between process 1 and process 2. Barry Smith, Yu Lin, Oliver He belief in likelihood of causal connection between two processes an infection AE that results in a graft infection DJ, SS, YH 10056559 graft infection AE a sensorimotor painful neuropathy AE which has an outcome of distal sensory neuropathy characterized by damage to sensory and motor nerves distal sensorimotor painful neuropathy a microbiology and serology investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of detection of gram-positive bacteria DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gram+stain 10018656 gram stain positive AE a nervous system AE that results in a generalized seizure that affects the entire brain DJ, SS, YH, SJ tonic seizure WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/grand-mal-seizure/DS00222 10018659 grand mal convulsion AE HPO: HP_0002197 SIDER: C0014549 a granulocyte count abnormal AE that has an outcome of compromise to the immune system where the number of neutrophil granulocytes, a type of white blood cell, is lower than the normal range of ~1700 per microliter. DJ, SS, YH, EB neutropenia AE 10018681 granulocyte count decreased AE a belief in likelihood of causal connection between two processes that represents a belief in likelihood of causal connection between medical intervention m and adverse event e. Barry Smith, Yu Lin, Oliver He belief in likelihood of causal connection between medical intervention and adverse event a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of a marked decrease in number of granulocytes, a type of white blood cell filled with microscopic granules that are little sacs containing enzymes that digest microorganisms DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=8817 10018687 granulocytopenia AE a psorisis AE that has an outcome of psoriasis that appears on the back and extremities of the patients DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20860740 10018797 guttate psoriasis AE a disposition that represents the likelihood of the occurrence of an adverse event after a medical intervention. YH adverse side effect adverse effect a male reproductive system AE that has an outcome of abnormal development of large mammary glands in males resulting in breast enlargement DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gynecomastia 10018800 gynaecomastia AE HPO: HP_0000771 SIDER: C0018418 an information content entity that represents evidence for indicating the causal association between an adverse event and a medical intervention. YH evidence bearing on adverse event causality adverse event causality evidence a vomiting AE that results in the vomiting of blood DJ, SS, YH haematemesis AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hematemesis 10018830 hematemesis AE HPO: HP_0002248 SIDER: C0018926 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of the passage of bloody stools DJ, SS, YH haematochezia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hematochezia 10018836 hematochezia AE HPO: HP_0002573 SIDER: C0018932 a hematocrit abnormal AE with an outcome of decreased volume percentage of red blood cells in blood DJ, SS, YH, EB haematocrit decreased AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hematocrit 10018838 hematocrit decreased AE an infection AE that has an outcome of infection in a hematoma DJ, SS, YH haematoma infection AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hematoma 10051564 hematoma infection AE a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of toxins that destroy red blood cells, disrupt blood clotting, and/or cause organ degeneration and generalized tissue damage DJ, SS, YH haematotoxicity AE 10061188 hematotoxicity AE A conduction system disorder AE that is a condition in which ventricular contraction is not completely synchronized due to a block in conduction of an electrical impulse to the ventricles; in LBBB, right ventricular endocardial activation begins before, and is often completed before, initiation of left ventricular endocardial activation; benign LBBB is rare; preexisting LBBB in absence of clinical evidence of heart disease is rare; newly acquired LBBB has a 10-fold ↑ in mortality Clinical Generally asymptomatic, or absent or diminished 1st heart sound–HS and reversed splitting of 2nd HS EKG Lead V1–QS or rS; lead V6–late intrinsicoid deflection, monophasic R; lead I–monophasic R Management Pacemaker, if syncope or significant arrhythmias Followup Telemetry PRN. YH, SS LBBB left bundle branch block WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/left+bundle+branch+block 10006580 bundle branch block left AE HPO: HP_0011713 SIDER: C0023211 a red blood cell profile abnormal AE that has an outcome of an abnormal count of hemoglobin, or iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in red blood cells DJ, SS, YH, EB haemoglobin abnormal AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hemoglobin 10018879 hemoglobin level abnormal AE a vaccination that uses an influenza vaccine YH influenza vaccine administration an adverse effect that occurs after a drug administration: an appreciably harmful or unpleasant reaction resulting from an intervention related to the use of a medicinal product YH, SJ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11072960 10061623 adverse drug effect a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of hemolytic anemia, acute kidney failure and a low platelet count DJ, SS, YH haemolytic uraemic syndrome AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23307876 10018932 10019515 hemolytic uremic syndrome AE CTCAE: E10043 HPO: HP_0005575 NCIt: C75545 SIDER: C0019061 a respiratory system AE that has an outcome of expectoration of blood or blood-stained sputum from the bronchi, larynx, trachea or lungs DJ, SS, YH haemoptysis AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hemoptysis 10018964 hemoptysis AE HPO: HP_0002105 SIDER: C0019079 a nervous system AE that has an outcome of accumulation of blood within the cranial vault DJ, SS, YH haemorrhage intracranial AE WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1163977-overview 10018985 hemorrhage intracranial AE HPO: HP_0002170 SIDER: C0151699 a female reproductive system AE that results in a 'blood cyst' where the walls of ovarian cysts are lined with blood vessels, which when rupture fill the cyst with blood. DJ, SS, YH haemorrhagic ovarian cyst AE 10060781 hemorrhagic ovarian cyst AE a surgery that removes hemorroids DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hemorrhoid 10059624 haemorrhoid operation an information content entity that represents the outcome of the evidences used for seeking the causal association between an adverse event and a medical intervention. YH outcome of adverse event causality evidence a digestive system AE that has an outcome of bleeding in hemorrhoids, vascular structures in the anal canal which help with stool control DJ, SS, YH haemorrhoidal haemorrhage AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hemorrhoid 10054787 10060640 hemorrhoidal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10767 NCIt: C78337 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of painful, swollen veins in the lower portion of the rectum or anus DJ, SS, YH haemorrhoids AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001337/ 10019022 10019611 hemorrhoids AE CTCAE: E10773 HPO: HP_0004296 NCIt: C26792 a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of a collection of blood in the space between the chest wall and the lung DJ, SS, YH haemothorax AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001183/ 10019027 hemothorax AE a hair AE that has an outcome of abnormal growth of facial or body hair DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Hair+growth 10019044 hair growth abnormal AE HPO: HP_0010720 SIDER: C0232409 an information content entity that represents a score or probability that an adverse event is likely caused (induced) by a medical intervention. YH adverse event causal association score adverse event causality assessment score adverse event causality score a hemoglobin level abnormal AE with an outcome of decrease in amount of iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red blood cells DJ, SS, YH, EB haemoglobin decreased AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hemoglobin 10018884 hemoglobin level decreased AE a liver/biliary system AE that has an outcome of a chronic degenerative disease in which normal liver cells are damaged and then replaced by scar tissue DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Hepatic+cirrhosis 10019641 hepatic cirrhosis AE HPO: HP_0001394 SIDER: C0023890 a lab test abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increase in amount of hepatic enzyme in body, a liver/biliary system AE that has an outcome of elevated levels of liver enzymes, commonly ALT and AST, may indicate inflammation or damage to liver cells DJ, SS, YH elevated liver enzyme AE WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/elevated-liver-enzymes/MY00508 10060795 hepatic enzyme increased AE HPO: HP_0002910 SIDER: C0235996 a liver/biliary system AE that has an outcome of the inability of the liver to perform its normal synthetic and metabolic function DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/liver+failure 10019663 hepatic failure AE CTCAE: E11211 HPO: HP_0001399 NCIt: C26922 SIDER: C0085605 a liver/biliary system AE that results in incorrect blood flow to liver DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=571358 10019680 hepatic infarction AE an adverse effect that occurs after administration of a vaccine. YH adverse vaccine effect a liver/biliary system AE with an outcome of a lesion, an abnormality in the tissue caused by disease or trauma, located in the liver DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21275132 10061998 hepatic lesion AE a liver/biliary system AE that has an outcome of death of hepatic parenchyma which may be single cell, or multicell in piecemeal, focal, periacinar, midzonal, periportal or paracentral locations DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hepatic+necrosis 10019692 hepatic necrosis AE CTCAE: E11221 HPO: HP_0002605 NCIt: C78340 SIDER: C0151798 a tumor AE that has an outcome of a malignant tumor in the liver DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23302476 10019695 hepatic neoplasm AE HPO: HP_0002896 SIDER: C0023903 Acanthosis nigricans AE is a skin AE that is a brown to black, poorly defined, velvety hyperpigmentation of the skin. It is usually found in body folds, such as the posterior and lateral folds of the neck, the armpits, groin, navel, forehead, and other areas. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthosis_nigricans 黑棘皮病 10000350 acanthosis nigricans AE a hepatitis AE that has an outcome of irritation and swelling of the liver due to infection with the heptitis B virus DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001324/ 10019731 hepatitis B AE HPO: HP_0006562 SIDER: C0019163 a hepatitis AE that has an outcome of liver inflammation due to a hepatitis viral infection DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/viral+hepatitis 10019799 hepatitis viral AE CTCAE: E11410 HPO: HP_0006562 NCIt: C35124 SIDER: C0042721 a liver/biliary system AE that has an outcome of swelling of the liver DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003275.htm 10019842 hepatomegaly AE HPO: HP_0002240 SIDER: C0019209 a liver damage AE that has an outcome of chemically driven liver damage DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hepatotoxicity 10019851 hepatotoxicity AE an influenza vaccine administration that uses Afluria YH Afluria administration an inflammation AE that has an outcome of an inflammatory infiltrate around the eccrine sweat gland DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hidradenitis 10020040 hidradenitis AE an immune system disorder AE that has an outcome of abnormal proliferation of histiocytes, a type of immune cell that eats foreign substances DJ, SS, YH histiocytosis haematophagic AE WEB: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11478 10048595 histiocytosis hematophagic AE a fungal infection AE that results in an infection that occurs from breathing in the spores of the fungus Histoplasma Capsulatum DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001082.htm 10020144 histoplasmosis disseminated AE A surgery where incisions are made through a woman's abdomen and uterus to deliver her baby. YH, SS cesarean section WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cesarean+section 10006924 caesarean section a urinary system AE that has an outcome of distension and dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces, usually caused by the osbtruction of urine flow from the kidney DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hydronephrosis 10020524 hydronephrosis AE HPO: HP_0000126 SIDER: C0020295 a congenital abnormality AE that results in the yellowing of the skin of infants DJ, SS, YH hyperbilirubinaemia neonatal AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/neonatal+jaundice 10020580 hyperbilirubinemia neonatal AE a blood calcium abnormal AE that has an outcome of an elevated calcium level in the blood, above normal range of 9-10.5 mg/dL YH, MW hypercalcaemia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypercalcemia 10020583 10020587 hypercalcemia AE CTCAE: E12270 HPO: HP_0003072 NCIt: C3112 SIDER: C0020437 a skin AE that results in excess perspiration DJ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hyperhidrosis 10020642 hyperhidrosis AE CTCAE:E13645 HPO: HP_0000975 NCIt:C78345 SIDER: C0020458 a blood potassium abnormal AE that has a lab test outcome of an abnormally increased concentration of potassium in blood YH, MW hyperkalaemia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hyperkalemia 10020646 10020647 hyperkalemia AE CTCAE: E12282 HPO: HP_0002153 NCIt: C37968 SIDER: C0020461 toxin-induced cardiomyopathy AE cocaine-induced cardiomyopathy AE an abnormal fluid regulation AE that has an outcome of an excessive secretion of the parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid gland DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23267748 10020708 hyperparathyroidism secondary AE HPO: HP_0003106 SIDER: C0020503 a paresis AE that shows muscle weakness affecting the lower limbs. JX, YH WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/paraparesis 下肢轻瘫 10033885 paraparesis AE a systemic hypertension AE that has an outcome of hypertension with systolic blood pressure >180 mm Hg or a diastolic pressure >120 mm, can be further classified as hypertensive urgency or hypertensive emergency depending on end-organ involvement DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20160537 10020802 hypertensive crisis AE HPO: HP_0000875 SIDER: C0020546 a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of high blood levels of triglycerides, abundant fatty molecules DJ, SS, YH, MW hypertriglyceridaemia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypertriglyceridemia 10020869 10020870 hypertriglyceridemia AE CTCAE: E12299 HPO: HP_0002155 NCIt: C37971 SIDER: C0020557 an arthritis AE that has an outcome of uric acid building up in blood and causes joint inflammation DJ, SS, YH, MW gout AE hyperuricaemia AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001459/ 10020903 10020907 hyperuricemia AE CTCAE: E12305 HPO: HP_0002149 NCIt: C3961 SIDER: C0740394 a blood albumin abnormal AE that shows an abnormally low level of albumin protein in the blood. DJ, SS, YH hypoalbuminaemia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypoalbuminemia 10020942 10020943 hypoalbuminemia AE CTCAE: E12310 HPO: HP_0003073 NCIt: C37972 SIDER: C0239981 a blood calcium abnormal AE that has an outcome of abnormally low calcium levels, can present with convulsions, arrythmias, tetany and numbness YH, MW hypocalcaemia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypocalcemia 低血钙 10020947 10020949 hypocalcemia AE CTCAE: E12316 HPO: HP_0002901 NCIt: C37973 SIDER: C0020598 a blood carbon dioxide abnormal AE in which the levels of carbon dioxide in the blood is abnormally low. DJ, SS, YH, MW WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypocapnia 10020952 hypocapnia AE UMLS CUI: C0085383 a glucose homeostasis AE that results in a abnormally diminished content of glucose in the blood DJ, SS, YH, MW hypoglycaemia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypoglycemia 10020993 10021005 hypoglycemia AE CTCAE: E12322 HPO: HP_0005969 NCIt: C3126 SIDER: C0020615 a neurological, special senses and psychiatric investigation result abnormal AE that is the abnormal result of the recording of the level of consciousness in a person after a brain injuiry. YH, SJ WEB: http://www.brainline.org/content/2010/10/what-is-the-glasgow-coma-scale.html 10069709 Clinicians use the Galscow coma scale to rate the best eye opening response, the best verbal response, and the best motor response an individual makes. The final GCS score or grade is the sum of these numbers. Glascow coma scale abnormal AE a blood magnesium abnormal AE that has an outcome of an abnormal concentration of magnesium in the blood plasma, and may cause nausea, weakness and tremors. YH, MW hypomagnesaemia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Hypomagnesaemia 10021027 10021028 hypomagnesemia AE CTCAE: E12333 HPO: HP_0002917 NCIt: C37975 SIDER: C0151723 UMLS CUI: C0151723 a conduction system disorder AE that refers to the slow conduction of electricity through ventricular walls of the heart. SS IVCD BOOK: Taber's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary;2005, p1134 WEB: http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/reference-entries/21232773/intraventricular-conduction-delay intraventricular conduction delay AE a gustatory system AE with an outcome of reduced food intake DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypophagia 10063743 hypophagia AE a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of abnormally low phosphate levels, can present with muscle dysfunction, white cell dysfunction, pulp chambers and mental status changes DJ, SS, YH, MW hypophosphataemia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypophosphatemia 10021058 10021059 hypophosphatemia AE CTCAE: E12344 HPO: HP_0008285 NCIt: C37977 SIDER: C0085682 UMLS CUI: C0085682 an endocrine system AE with the outcome of the thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormone DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001393/ 10021114 hypothyroidism AE CTCAE: E10334 HPO: HP_0008245 NCIt: C26800 SIDER: C0020676 a cardiovascular disorder AE that is characterized by decreased blood plasma volume DJ, SS, YH hypovolaemia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypovolemia 10021137 hypovolemia AE HPO: HP_0011106 SIDER: C0546884 an influenza vaccine administration that uses Flumist YH Flumist administration a cardiovascular disorder AE that has the outcome of severe blood and fluid loss that makes the heart unable to pump enough blood to the body, often leads to organ failure DJ, SS, YH hypovolaemic shock AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000167.htm 10021138 hypovolemic shock AE HPO: HP_0011106 SIDER: C0020683 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of holes in the ileum of the small intestine DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ileum 10021305 ileal perforation AE CTCAE: E10795 NCIt: C78355 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of a partially or completely blocked bowel DJ, SS, YH intestinal obstruction AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001306/ 10021328 ileus AE CTCAE: E10812 HPO: HP_0002595 NCIt: C37979 SIDER: C1258215 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of intestinal blockage in the absence of an actual physical obstruction, can be caused by a malfunction in nerves and muscles in the intestine DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.localhealth.com/article/paralytic-ileus 10021333 ileus paralytic AE HPO: HP_0002590 SIDER: C0030446 A cardiac disorder AE that has an outcome of an abnormal enlargement of the heart YH, SS WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cardiomegaly added MedDRA term LB 10007632 cardiomegaly AE HPO: HP_0001640 SIDER: C0018800 a drug adverse event that has an outcome of decreased levels of immunosuppressant drugs in the patient's body DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Immunosuppresant 10062014 immunosuppressant drug level decreased AE an immune system disorder AE that has an outcome of reduced or absent immune response DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001821/ 10062016 immunosuppression AE an injury AE that has an outcome of impairment to the process of restoring a state of soundness to any interupption in the continuity of external surfaces of the body DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/wound+healing 10021519 impaired healing AE HPO: HP_0001058 SIDER: C0151692 a pain AE that has an outcome of pain at the site of an implant DJ, SS, YH 10063782 implant site pain AE an outcome of adverse event causality evidence that has an outcome of no evidence bearing on a AE causal relation. YH Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 32. no evidence bearing on an adverse event causal relation a respiratory system AE that has an outcome of increased thickness of the secretions of the bronchi DJ, SS, YH 10054761 increased viscosity of bronchial secretion AE an infection AE that results in infection by a parasite DJ, SS, YH 10021857 infection parasitic AE HPO: HP_0002719 SIDER: C0747256 an immune system disorder AE that has an outcome of increased susceptibility to infection DJ, SS, YH 10021866 infection susceptibility increased AE HPO: HP_0002719 SIDER: C0236171 an infection AE that has an outcome of an increase in severity of cystic fibrosis in the patient SZ, DJ, SS, YH 10070608 infective pulmonary exacerbation of cystic fibrosis AE a medical intervention that is used for preventive purpose YH preventive intervention a immune system AE that results in an allergic reaction to foreign protein, but can also be caused by cytokine release. SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ons.org/Publications/VJC/media/ons/docs/publications/VJC/vjc-apr10cjon.pdf 10051792 10053483 infusion related reaction AE CTCAE: E11127 NCIt: C78361 an extravasation AE that has an outcome of leaking of pharmacologic or biological substance from infusion site into surrounding tissue. Symptoms include induration, erythema, swelling, burning sensation and pain SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/extravasation 10064774 infusion site extravasation AE CTCAE: E11133 NCIt: C78362 Infection AE that results in the patient gets infected at the sight of an infusion SZ, DJ, SS, YH 10054997 infusion site infection AE Rash AE that results in patient has a rash at the site of infusion SZ, DJ, SS, YH 10059830 infusion site rash AE an allergy AE that has an outcome of infusion site allergic reaction SZ, DJ, SS, YH 10054996 infusion site reaction AE a nail disorder AE that results in a nail growing into the sides of the paronychium SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ingrowing+nail 10022013 ingrowing nail AE a skin discoloration AE that results in a discoloration of the skin at the site of injection of the drug SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/macule 10067255 injection-site macule AE Inflammation AE that results in swelling of the veins at the site of drug injection SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/phlebitis 10022090 injection-site phlebitis AE A surgery that is a procedure to remove the lens of your eye and, in most cases, replace it with an artificial lens. Cataract surgery is used to treat a cataract YH, SS cataract surgery 10063797 cataract operation an adverse event that results in the patient developing a scab at the site of drug injection SZ, DJ, SS, YH 10066210 injection-site scab AE a pain AE that results in pain at the site of instillation SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/instillation 10022459 instillation site pain AE a tremor AE that results in the patient undergoing a broad, coarse, low frequency muscle tremor SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23094990 10022520 intention tremor AE HPO: HP_0002345 SIDER: C0234376 an adverse drug event that results in the intentional use of a drug in the wrong way (recreationally etc) SZ, DJ, SS, YH 10065679 intentional drug misuse AE an incorrect dose administration AE that results in overdosing on the drug on purpose SZ, DJ, SS, YH 10022523 intentional overdose AE a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of a disease affecting the interstitium, the tissue and space around the air sacs of the lungs SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23289473 10022611 interstitial lung disease AE HPO: HP_0006530 SIDER: C0206062 a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of the protrusion of the nucleus pulposus or anulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disk, which may impinge on nerve roots SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/herniation+of+intervertebral+disk 10050296 intervertebral disc protrusion AE an ischaemia AE that has an outcome of blocked or narrowed blood vessels to the small or large intestines, can cause pain and permanent damage to the intestines SZ, DJ, SS, YH intestinal ischaemia AE 10022680 intestinal ischemia AE a gastrointestinal disorder AE that has an outcome of a blockage that keeps substance from passing through the intestine, may be caused by fibrous bands of tissue in the abdomen, inflamed/infected pouches in the intestine, or hernias and tumors SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001306/ 10022687 intestinal obstruction AE HPO: HP_0005250 SIDER: C0021843 a gastrointestinal disorder AE that has an outcome of perforation, or complete penetration, of the wall of the intestines SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001282/ 10022694 intestinal perforation AE a thrombosis AE that has an outcome of thrombi in the ventricles SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.cvimaging.northwestern.edu/for-physicians/cardiovascular-mri/indications/intracardiac-thrombus/ 10048620 intracardiac thrombus AE a nervous system AE that has an outcome of a rise in the pressure inside the skull that can result from or cause brain injury SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000793.htm 10022773 intracranial pressure increased AE HPO: HP_0002516 SIDER: C0151740 a neurological, special senses and psychiatric investigation result abnormal AE that results in an abnormal intraocular pressure in the eye SZ, DJ, SS, YH, EB 10060951 intraocular pressure test result abnormal AE a gastrointestinal disorder AE that results in part of the intestine invaginating itself into another part of the intestine SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000958.htm 10022863 According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'intussusception'; is an adverse event that was mentioned in 143 VAERS reports (0.1%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). intussusception AE HPO: HP_0002576 MP: MP_0003294 SIDER: C0021933 an anemia AE that has an outcome of fewer healthy red blood cells because the body does not have enough iron SZ, DJ, SS, YH iron deficiency anaemia AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000584.htm 10022972 iron deficiency anemia AE HPO: HP_0001891 SIDER: C0162316 Behavior and Neurological AE that results in the patient being easily annoyed/irritated SZ, DJ, SS, YH feverish (subjective) AE 10022998 irritability AE CTCAE: E11144 HPO: HP_0000737 NCIt: C50623 SIDER: C0022107 a jaundice AE that results in an abnormal bile flow in the liver SZ, DJ, SS, YH cholestasis jaundice AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cholestatic+jaundice 10023129 jaundice cholestatic AE HPO: HP_0006575 SIDER: C0022354 a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of disease in the set of bones that hold the teeth SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/jawinjuriesanddisorders.html 10061257 jaw disorder AE a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of break in the jaw bone SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000019.htm 10023149 jaw fracture AE a thrombosis AE with an outcome of formation of a blood clot located in the internal jugular vein SZ, DJ, SS, YH 10023237 jugular vein thrombosis AE a bacterial infection AE with an outcome of invasion by Klebsiella pneumonia, a form of bacterial pneumonia SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17307769 10061259 klebsiella infection AE HPO: HP_0002742 SIDER: C0022729 a bone disorder a that results in the knee becoming deformed SZ, DJ, SS, YH 10062061 knee deformity AE a speech disorder AE that results in the inability of a patient to speak properly SZ, DJ, SS, YH 10023615 lack of spontaneous speech AE a congetical abnormality AE that results in the patient's baby being larger than it should be at the time in their pregnancy SZ, DJ, SS, YH 10023789 large for dates baby AE an immune system disorder AE that has an outcome of an increase in the number or proportion of natural killer cells, or cytotoxic lymphocytes critical to the innate immune system SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10761014 10023791 large granular lymphocytosis AE a gastrointestinal disorder AE that has an outcome of an ulcer in the large intestine SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Intestinal+ulcer 10023799 large intestinal ulcer AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of perforation, or complete penetration, of the walls of the large intestine SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000235.htm 10023804 large intestine perforation AE HPO: HP_0002250 SIDER: NA an immunology and allergy investigation result abnormal that results in LE cells (neutrophil or macrophage that has phagocytized the denatured nuclear material of another cell) being detected SZ, DJ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/LE+cell 10024062 le cells present AE a dilatation atrial AE that results in the left atrium of the heart becoming enlarged SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3096293/ 10067286 left atrial dilatation AE a cardiac ventricular disorder AE that has an outcome of inability of the left ventricle to pump blood, may lead to heart failure SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1766527/ 10049694 left ventricular dysfunction AE CTCAE: E10130 NCIt: C64251 a left ventricular dysfunction AE that has an outcome of congestive heart failure marked by pulmonary congestion and edema, the left ventricle fals to contract forcefully enough to maintain normal cardiac output and peripheral perfusion SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/left+ventricular+failure 10024119 left ventricular failure AE HPO: HP_0001635 SIDER: C0023212 a left ventricular dysfunction disorder AE that has an outcome of the thickening of the myocardium of the left ventricle of the heart SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18030317 10049773 left ventricular hypertrophy AE a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of cancer of the white blood cells characterized by return of symptoms after remission SZ, DJ, SS, YH leukaemia recurrent AE WEB: http://www.yourcancertoday.com/Cancers/Leukemia-Acute-Myeloid-Adult/53 10062489 leukemia recurrent AE a nervous system AE that has an outcome of cancerous white blood cells infiltrating the brain SZ, DJ, SS, YH leukaemic infiltration brain AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1454121 10064987 leukemic infiltration brain AE Immune system disorder AE that results in an increase in white blood cell count as a result of stress or infection SZ, DJ, SS, YH leukaemoid reaction AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000575.htm 10024328 leukemoid reaction AE HPO: HP_0001909 SIDER: C0023501 an outcome of adverse event causality evidence that has an outcome of evidence is inadequate to accept or reject an adverse event causal relation YH Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 32. evidence inadequate to accept or reject an adverse event causal relation an vasculitis AE that has an outcome of fragmented cells, and debris in the blood vessels. May develop skin lesions, accompanied by arthralgia and fever SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/leukocytoclastic+vasculitis 白细胞破碎性血管炎 10024377 leukocytoclastic vasculitis AE HPO: HP_0011944 SIDER: C2973529 Urinary system AE that results in white blood cells in the urine SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/leukocyturia 10050791 leukocyturia AE an encephalopathy AE that has an outcome of brain white matter disease SZ, DJ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/leukoencephalopathy 10024382 leukoencephalopathy AE CTCAE:E12712 HPO: HP_0002352 NCIt:C27059 SIDER: C0270612 a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of a lower than normal number of leukocytes, or nucleated cells of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages, found in blood or other tissue SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2154209/ 10024384 leukopenia AE HPO: HP_0001882 SIDER: C0023530 a psychiatric disorder AE that results in a disorder in the patient's desire for sexual interaction SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2695750/ 10061221 libido disorder AE a skin AE that has an outcome of an itchy rash on the skin or in the mouth SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001870/ 10024429 lichen planus AE a skin erosion AE that results in the deterioration of the lip skin SZ, DJ, SS, YH 10051992 lip erosion AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of an excess of lipase, a pancreatic enzyme, may indicate a problem related to pancreas SZ, DJ, SS, YH hyperlipasemia AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15653991 10024574 lipase increased AE CTCAE: E12185 NCIt: C78435 A medical intervention that is a tube going into a vein in your chest. It will help carry nutrients and medicine into your body. It will also be used to take blood when you need to have blood tests. YH, SS WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/patientinstructions/000157.htm 10053377 central venous catheterisation Liver/biliary system AE that results in the disease of the liver SZ, DJ, SS, YH liver disorder WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/liverdiseases.html 10024670 liver AE HPO: HP_0006706 SIDER: C0023895 a localized edema AE that shows the outcome of swelling. SZ, DJ, SS, YH 10024770 local swelling AE an infection AE located in a certain area SZ, DJ, SS, YH localised infection AE 10024774 localized infection AE HPO: HP_0002719 SIDER: C0016397 Abnormal fluid regulation AE that results in a collection of fluid in the intraabdominal area SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/intra-abdominal 10066768 localised intraabdominal fluid collection AE an edema AE occuring in a specific region SZ, DJ, SS, YH localised edema AE localised oedema AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1115975/ 10048961 10062466 localized edema AE CTCAE: E11148 HPO: HP_0000969 NCIt: C78437 SIDER: C0013609 a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of loss of the sense of the relative position of neighbouring parts of the body and strength of effort being employed in movement SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8294975 10057332 loss of proprioception AE a gastrointestinal hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of bleeding in the lower gastrointestinal tract SZ, DJ, SS, YH lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003133.htm 10050953 lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage AE HPO: HP_0002239 SIDER: C0024050 an infection AE that has an outcome of infection in the lower respiratory tract, includes pneumonea as well as lung abscess and acute bronchitis SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8142/ 10024968 lower respiratory tract infection AE HPO: HP_0002783 SIDER: C0149725 a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of liquid filling a region of lung tissue, marked by induration of a normally aerated lung SZ, DJ, SS, YH pulmonary consolidation AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/consolidation 10025080 lung consolidation AE an infection AE that has an outcome of infection in the lungs SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.livestrong.com/lung-infection/ 10061229 lung infection AE CTCAE: E11444 HPO: HP_0002783 NCIt: C26873 SIDER: C0876973 a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of an abnormal presence of granulomas, fluid, inflammatory exudates or cells in the lung tissue SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.blurtit.com/q840550.html 10025102 lung infiltration AE HPO: HP_0005828 SIDER: C0235896 a tumor AE that has an outcome of a malignant tumor in the lung SZ, DJ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Lung+neoplasm 10062042 lung neoplasm AE HPO: HP_0100526 SIDER: C0024121 an immune system disorder AE that has an outcome of lymphadenopathy, which is a term meaning "disease of the lymph nodes" . It is generally a disease or inflammation of the lymph nodes, could be due to infection, auto-immune disease or malignancy SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/lymphadenopathy 10025197 lymphadenopathy AE HPO: HP_0002716 SIDER: C0497156 an inflammation AE occuring in the lymph vessels secondary to a malignancy SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8930034 10053132 lymphangiosis carcinomatosa AE a lymphocyte count abnormal AE that has an outcome of a decreased amount of lymphocytes in the blood, a type of white blood cell in the immune system SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003657.htm 10025256 lymphocyte count decreased AE CTCAE: E12190 NCIt: C26823 a lymphocyte percentage abnormal AE that results in an increase in the levels of lymphocytes in the blood SZ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003657.htm 10052232 lymphocyte percentage increased AE an immune system disorder AE that results in lymphocytes being infiltrated by harmful substances SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1098654-overview 10062049 lymphocytic infiltration AE an immune system disorder AE that has an outcome of an increase in the number or proportion of lymphocytes in the blood SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/lymphocytosis 10025280 lymphocytosis AE HPO: HP_0012141 SIDER: C0024282 an edema AE that has an outcome of localized fluid retention and tissue swelling caused by a compromised lymphatic system SZ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1087313-overview Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23073712 10025282 lymphoedema AE HPO: HP_0001004 SIDER: C0024236 a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of reduction in the number of lymphocytes in the blood SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/lymphopenia 10025327 lymphopenia AE HPO: HP_0001888 SIDER: C0024312 a eye disorder AE that has an outcome of cell death in the macula of the eye, destroying central vision SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/maculardegeneration.html 10025409 macular degeneration AE HPO: HP_0007673 SIDER: C0024437 a male reproductive system disorder AE that results in the inability of the male to achieve an orgasm despite lengthy sexual contact SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.minddisorders.com/Kau-Nu/Male-orgasmic-disorder.html#b 10025513 male orgasmic disorder AE a tumor AE that has an outcome of growth or proliferation of an abnormal mass of tissue SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19824467 10061309 malignant neoplasm progression AE an respiratory system AE that has an outcome of abnormal amount of fluid collecting between the layers of tissue lining the outside of the lung and wall of chest cavity, caused by cancer SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11529302 10026673 malignant pleural effusion AE A surgery that is a surgical procedure to remove all or part of your colon. YH, SS WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/colectomy/MY00141/METHOD=print 10061778 colectomy a surgery that is performed to change the size of breasts SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mammoplasty 10068647 mammoplasty an arterial disorder AE that resuts in arteries that supply blood to heart muscle become hardened and narrowed. YH, SS coronary artery disese AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/coronaryarterydisease.html 10011078 10011082 coronary artery disorder AE a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of bone marrow that contains an excess of blood cells SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/aplastic-anemia/DS00322/DSECTION=causes 10026851 marrow hyperplasia AE a perinatal AE that results in the drugs being taken by the mother affecting unborn fetus in mother SZ, SS, YH maternal drugs affecting foetus AE 10026923 maternal drugs affecting fetus AE an adverse event that results in a problem in the mediastinum of the patient (undelineated group of structures in the thorax surrounded by loose connective tissue) SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Mediastinal+diseases 10061280 mediastinal disorder AE HPO: HP_0000765 SIDER: C0025061 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of abnormal dilation of the colon, often accompanied by paralysis of the peristaltic movements of the bowel SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/megacolon 10027110 megacolon AE HPO: HP_0002251 SIDER: C0025160 Abnormal defecation AE that results in black feces associated with gastrointestinal hemorrhage SZ, SS, YH melaena AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003130.htm 10027141 melena AE HPO: HP_0002249 SIDER: C0025222 Behavior and Neurological AE that results in the loss of memory SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/impaired+memory 10027175 memory impairment AE CTCAE:E12718 HPO: HP_0002354 NCIt:C78444 SIDER: C0233794 a brain inflammation AE that results in the layers lining the brain becoming inflamed, not due to pygonenic bacteria SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/aseptic+meningitis 10027201 meningitis aseptic AE HPO: HP_0001287 SIDER: C0025290 Hematuria AE that results in excessive uterine bleeding occurs irregularly and more frequently than normal SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/menometrorrhagia 10027295 menometrorrhagia AE HPO: HP_0100608 SIDER: C0232943 Female Reproductive System AE that results in abnormally heavy and prolonged menstrual period SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0014910/ 10027313 menorrhagia AE CTCAE:E13132 HPO: HP_0000132 NCIt:C26829 SIDER: C0025323 a psychiatric disorder AE that has an outcome of changes in mental status SZ, SS, YH, Izabela Birsanescu WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/altered_mental_status/symptoms.htm 10048294 A mental status change does not have to be a disorder or even an adverse event. It can be a good change, from a disorder status to a normal recovered status. mental status changes AE a metabolism, endocrine, and exocrine system AE that has an outcome of abnormal chemical reactions in the body that disrupts a metabolic process SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/metabolicdisorders.html 10058097 metabolic disorder AE A cardiac disorder AE that has an outcome of enlargement of the heart YH, SS atrial dilatation, atrial enlargement 10013002 dilatation atrial AE an abdominal AE that shows the spreading of the cancer cells to the abdominal cavity of the patient SZ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002260.htm Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19373966 10027450 metastasis to abdominal cavity AE a tumor AE that has an outcome of cancerous cells spreading to the bone from elsewhere SZ, SS, YH 10027452 metastasis to bone AE a tumor AE that results in cancerous cells spreading from a primary tumor to the central nervous system SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://theoncologist.alphamedpress.org/content/8/5/398.long, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19373966 10059282 metastasis to central nervous system AE a tumor AE that results in cancerous cells spreading to the liver organ SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000277.htm 10027457 metastasis to liver AE a tumor AE that results in cancerous cells spreading to the lung SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000097.htm 10027458 metastasis to lung AE a tumor AE that has an outcome cancerous cells spreaing from primary tumor to the thin layers of tissue that protect the brain and spinal cord, may experience increased intracranial pressure SZ, SS, YH meningeal metastasis AE WEB: 1. http://theoncologist.alphamedpress.org/content/1/1/56.full 2. http://www.cancer.gov/dictionary?cdrid=45782 10051696 metastasis to meninges AE a tumor AE that results in cancerous cells spreading from primary tumor to the lining of the abdominal cavity or the coelom. SZ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/peritoneum Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=metastasis%20to%20peritoneum%20%5BTI%5D 10051676 metastasis to peritoneum AE a tumor AE that results in a disease spreading to the pleural cavity due to cancerous activities SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/pleuraldisorders.html 10027463 metastasis to pleura AE an outcome of adverse event causality evidence that has an outcome of evidence favors rejection of an adverse event causal relation YH Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 32. evidence favoring rejection of an adverse event causal relation a tumor AE that results in cancerous cells spreading to the spine SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1157987-overview 10027468 metastasis to spine AE a tumor AE with an outcome of spreading of disease from one organ to another non-adjacent organ or part SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002260.htm 10062194 metastasis AE a tumor AE with an outcome of spreading of cancerous cells from abnormal mass of tissue SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20121607 10061289 metastatic neoplasm AE Urinary System AE that is characterized by uterine bleeding at irregular intervals SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/metrorrhagia 10027514 metrorrhagia AE HPO: HP_0100608 SIDER: C0025874 Cardiovascular disorder AE that results in a fragmentation of red blood cells resulting from the narrowing of small blood vessels SZ, SS, YH microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/microangiopathic+hemolytic+anemia 10027527 microangiopathic hemolytic anemia AE HPO: HP_0001937 SIDER: C0221021 a cardiac valve disease AE that is characterized by the inability of the heart's mitral valve to close tightly, allowing blood to flow backward in the heart SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Mitral+Valve+Insufficiency 10027727 mitral valve incompetence AE HPO: HP_0001653 SIDER: C0026266 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of bleeding from blood vessels located in the mouth SZ, SS, YH mouth haemorrhage AE WEB: http://sideeffects.embl.de/se/C0029163/ 10028024 mouth hemorrhage AE HPO: HP_0000167 SIDER: C0029163 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of sores or open lesions in the mouth SZ, SS, YH aphthous stomatitis AE canker sore AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001448.htm 10028034 mouth ulceration AE HPO: HP_0000155 SIDER: C0149745 Multiple Sclerosis AE that is characterized by a relapse of Multiple Sclerosis SZ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001747/ Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22980532 10048393 multiple sclerosis relapse AE a muscle contraction AE that has an outcome of painful sensations, associated with muscle fatigue and low sodium/potassium SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/musclecramps.html 10028294 muscle cramp AE a muscle enzyme level abnormal AE that results in an increased level of muscle enzyme SZ, SS, YH 10057945 muscle enzyme level increased AE a muscle AE that results in the musculoskeletal system being weakened at locomotion is hampered SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002172/ 10028356 muscular dystrophy AE a pain AE located in musculoskeletal structures of the chest wall, atypical or noncardiac chest pain SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.uptodate.com/contents/major-causes-of-musculoskeletal-chest-pain?source=see_link 10050819 musculoskeletal chest pain AE HPO: HP_0006649 SIDER: C0476280 Bacterial infection AE that results in the patient being infected with the Mycoplasma bacteria SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15142464 10061300 mycoplasma infection AE an outcome of adverse event causality evidence that has an outcome of evidence favors acceptance of an adverse event causal relation YH Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 32. evidence favoring acceptance of an adverse event causal relation a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of ineffective production of the myeloid class of blood cells SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/myelodysplasticsyndromes.html 10028533 myelodysplastic syndrome AE CTCAE:E12552 HPO: HP_0006730 NCIt:C3247 SIDER: C0026986 a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of bone marrow being replaced by scar tissue SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001558/ 10028537 myelofibrosis AE HPO: HP_0011974 SIDER: C0026987 a cardiac disorder AE that has an outcome of an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand SZ, SS, YH myocardial ischaemia AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1768241/ 10028600 myocardial ischemia AE HPO: HP_0001637 SIDER: C0151744 an inflammation AE that has an outcome of inflammation of the heart muscle SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001204/ 10028606 myocarditis AE CTCAE: E10157 NCIt: C34831 a bone disorder AE, most commonly fungal infection, that is characterized by discoloration, painful swelling, pits, lesions and brown bands SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/nail-disorders-000116.htm 10028694 nail disorder AE HPO: HP_0001597 SIDER: C0027339 a nail AE around the nail area, tends to be fungal SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/paronychia_nail_infection/article_em.htm 10061304 nail infection AE HPO: HP_0008396 SIDER: C0343026 Cell death AE that results in necrosis occurring due to a local deprivation of blood SZ, SS, YH necrosis ischaemic AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ischemic+necrosis 10028862 necrosis ischemic AE a progressive tumor AE that has an outcome of an abnormal mass of cells that metastasizes SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/malignant+neoplasm 10028997 neoplasm malignant AE HPO: HP_0002664 SIDER: C0006826 an tumor AE that has an outcome of growth of the neoplasm, an abnormal mass of tissue in the body SZ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/neoplasm Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23263846 10061309 neoplasm progression AE a tumor AE that has an outcome of microscopic cells of the original neoplasm escaping therapeutic intervention and later becoming clinically visible at the original site SZ, SS, YH 10061864 neoplasm recurrence AE Kidney disorder AE that results in an increased amount of calcium deposits in the renal parenchyma SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001522/ 10029146 nephrocalcinosis AE HPO: HP_0000121 SIDER: C0027709 a kidney disorder AE that has an outcome of a group of symptoms that include protein in the urine, low blood protein levels, high cholesterol levels, high triglyceride levels and swelling SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001520/ 10029164 nephrotic syndrome AE HPO: HP_0000100 SIDER: C0027726 a neuropathy AE that has an outcome of direct pressure on a single nerve, can cause pain, tingling and muscle weakness SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://nerve.wustl.edu/nd_compression.php 10029174 nerve compression AE Nervous System AE that results in pressure on a root nerve SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6719259 10061866 nerve root compression AE Nervous system AE that results in a lesion occurring on a nerve root SZ, SS, YH 10029188 nerve root lesion AE A nervous system AE that has an outcome of inability of maintaining neurological functions. SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/decompensation 10068357 neurological decompensation AE Tumor AE that results in a tumor growing on nerve tissue SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/neuroma 10029308 neuroma AE HPO: HP_0009588 SIDER: C0027858 a nervous system AE that alters the normal activity of the nervous system due to exposure to neurotoxins (which can be natural or artificial toxic substances), and causes damage to nervous tissue SZ, SS, YH, QL toxic neuropathy AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotoxicity 10029350 10067722 neurotoxicity AE an immunolgy and allergy investigation result abnormal AE that is chracterized by neutralising antibodies detected in the blood SZ, SS, YH, EB neutralising antibodies positive AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/neutralizing+antibody 10064980 neutralizing antibodies positive AE a neutropenia AE that compromises the immune system where the number of neutrophil granulocytes, a type of white blood cell, is abnormally low. A neutropenia makes body vulnerable to bacterial and fungal infections. SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/neutropenia 10029354 neutropenia AE HPO: HP_0001875 SIDER: C0027947 a neutropenia AE that results in an abnormal number of neutrophils in a newborn infant SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/neonatal, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/neonatal+neutropenia,+alloimmune 10029358 neutropenia neonatal AE a gastrointestinal Inflammation AE that results in the cecum, part of the large intestine, being inflamed SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/183791-overview 10062959 neutropenic colitis AE HPO: HP_0002583 SIDER: C0400823 a sepsis AE caused by neutropenia or an abnormally low neutrophil count SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://guidance.nice.org.uk/CG151 10049151 neutropenic sepsis AE a white blood cell profile abnormal AE that results in an abnormal number of neutrophil granulocytes, a type of white blood cell (outside the normal range of ~1700 per microliter) SZ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=20030 10061313 neutrophil count abnormal AE a neutrophil count abnormal AE that has an outcome of decreased neutrophil count SZ, SS, YH, EB neutropenia AE WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/neutropenia/MY00110 10029366 neutrophil count decreased AE CTCAE: E12198 HPO: HP_0011991 NCIt: C80520 SIDER: NA a neutrophil percentage abnormal AE that has an outcome of increase in percentage of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/neutrophil 10052224 neutrophil percentage increased AE a hyperplasia AE that has an outcome of liver/biliary system cell overproduction, associated with portal hypertension SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3070012/ 10051081 nodular regenerative hyperplasia AE a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of adenocarcinomas in an outer area of the lung, squamous cell carcinomas in the center of the lung or large cell carcinomas in any part of the lung SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0004462/ 10061873 non-small cell lung cancer AE a lung disorder AE that results in the patient suffering from lung cancer at state IV SZ, SS, YH 10029522 non-small cell lung cancer stage iv AE an anemia AE that has an outcome of insufficient numbers of red blood cells despite a normal concentration of hemoglobin in the cells SZ, SS, YH normochromic normocytic anaemia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/normocytic+normochromic+anemia 10029783 normochromic normocytic anemia AE HPO: HP_0001897 SIDER: C0271899 a surgery that aims to control obesity SZ, SS, YH 10059610 obesity surgery a respiratory system AE that has an outcome of chronic bronchitis or emphysema which causes the airways to narrow over time SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease_copd/article.htm 10061877 obstructive airways disorder AE HPO: HP_0006536 SIDER: C0600260 a gastrointestinal investigation result abnormal AE that results in blood that is present in amounts too small to be seen and can be detected only by chemical analysis or microscopic examination SZ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/occult+blood WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/occult+blood\ 10061878 occult blood AE a gustatory system AE that has an outcome of painful swallowing in the mouth or esophagus. Can lead to weight loss. SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/odynophagia 10030094 odynophagia AE a pain AE located in the esophagus SZ, SS, YH oesophageal pain AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/oesophageal 10015388 10030180 esophageal pain AE CTCAE: E10661 HPO: HP_0010833 NCIt: C78280 SIDER: C0221727 an esophagus AE that results in a narrowing in the esophagus caused by buildup of scar tissue or by a congenital defect SZ, SS, YH oesophageal stenosis AE WEB: http://esophagealstenosis.org/ 10015448 10030194 esophageal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10670 HPO: HP_0010450 NCIt: C34595 SIDER: C0014866 an esophagus AE located in the esophagus, can present with heartburn, and nausea SZ, SS, YH oesophagitis AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002138/ 10015461 10030216 esophagitis AE CTCAE: E10687 HPO: HP_0100633 NCIt: C9224 SIDER: C0014868 a reproductive system AE that has an outcome of insufficient placenta, the baby may get less oxygen and nutrients SZ, SS, YH placental dysfunction AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002455/ 10030289 oligohydramnios AE HPO: HP_0001562 SIDER: C0079924 a nail disorder AE that has an outcome of pain in the fingernails or toenails SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/onychalgia 10064251 onychalgia AE a nail disorder AE that results in the breaking of the fingernails or toenails SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/onychoclasis 10048886 onychoclasis AE HPO: HP_0001808 SIDER: C0546956 a nail disorder AE that results in the nail separating from the nail bed starting at distal or lateral attachment SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16422468 10030337 onycholysis AE HPO: HP_0008400 SIDER: C0085661 an outcome of adverse event causality evidence that has an outcome of evidence establishes an adverse event causal relation YH Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 33. evidence establishing an adverse event causal relation a nail disorder AE that results in nails spontaneously shedding starting from the proximal end SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/onychomadesis 10049274 onychomadesis AE Eye disorder AE that results in chronic glaucoma progressing slowly SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002587/ 10030348 open angle glaucoma AE HPO: HP_0000501 SIDER: C0017612 a toxicology drug screen result abnormal AE that results in the patient testing positive for opiates SZ, SS, YH, EB 10063232 opiates positive AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of a fungal infection located in the mouth caused by the candida fungus SZ, SS, YH thrush AE WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/thrush/article.htm 10030963 oral candidiasis AE HPO: HP_0009098 SIDER: C0006849 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of fistula, or an abnormal connection between two epithelium-lined organs or vessels, located in the oral cavity SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/fistula 10065720 oral cavity fistula AE CTCAE: E10888 NCIt: C78506 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of a viral infection located in the mouth caused by herpes simplex virus, causes painful sores SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/oral_herpes/article_em.htm 10067152 oral herpes AE a gustatory system AE that has an outcome of a decreased amount of substance in food or drinking water ingested SZ, SS, YH oral intake reduced AE Digestive System AE that results in oral lesions SZ, SS, YH 10064594 oral mucosa erosion AE an erythema AE that results in redness of the oral mucosa area SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17767983 10067418 oral mucosal erythema AE a pain AE located in the oral cavity, pertaining to the mouth SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/oral 10031009 oral pain AE CTCAE: E10904 HPO: HP_0010833 NCIt: C78509 SIDER: C0221776 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of disease in the soft tissue of the mouth or systemic diseases involving the mouth SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00001601 10031015 oral soft tissue disorder AE a surgery that treats injuries and defects involving both the functional and esthetic aspects of the hard/soft tissue of the head, mouth, teeth, gums, jaws, and neck SZ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/oral+surgery Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22530364 10051059 oral surgery an edema that results in swelling around the eyes SZ, SS, YH orbital oedema AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7654583 10031051 orbital edema AE HPO: HP_0100539 SIDER: C0424813 a pneumonia AE that results in the healing process being characterized by organization and cicatrizaion of the exudate rather than resolution SZ, SS, YH organising pneumonia AE WEB: Primary Source: http://thorax.bmj.com/content/55/4/318.full Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1745738/ 10067472 organizing pneumonia AE HPO: HP_0002090 SIDER: C0264383 Digestive System AE that is characterized by fungus (mainly Candida albicans, but can be other Candida species - C.glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. krusei) in throat or mouth (Thrush) SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.cdc.gov/fungal/candidiasis/thrush/ 10050346 oropharyngeal candidiasis AE HPO: HP_0009098 SIDER: C0919659 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of muscle spasm in the oropharynx area SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Oropharyngeal+airway 10031111 oropharyngeal spasm AE HPO: HP_0003739 SIDER: C0234952 a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of bacterial infection in the bone SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001473/ 10031252 osteomyelitis AE HPO: HP_0007626 SIDER: C0029443 a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of chronic infection of the bone or bone marrow SZ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://www.posna.org/education/StudyGuide/chronicOsteomyelitis.asp Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20471296 10031256 osteomyelitis chronic AE a data item that represents the ratio of the rate of occurence of the adverse event in persons having the medical intervention (e.g., vaccination) to the rate in otherwise comparable persons without the medical intervention. YH Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 20-21. adverse event relative risk a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of bone death due to the loss of blood supply, leading to pain and arthritis SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/osteonecrosis.html 10031264 osteonecrosis AE HPO: HP_0010885 SIDER: C0029445 a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of disease that affects the maxilla and the mandible, characterized through exposure of the bone through lesions in the gingiva that do not heal SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16702591 10064658 osteonecrosis of jaw AE HPO: HP_0010885 SIDER: C1401381 a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of necrosis or death of bone as a result of exposure to radiation SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/osteoradionecrosis 10067352 osteoradionecrosis AE a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of elevation in bone density SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/osteosclerosis 10031298 osteosclerosis AE HPO: HP_0011001 SIDER: C0029464 a female reproductive system AE that has an outcome of cancer that starts in the ovaries, female reproductive organs that produce eggs SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001891/ 10033128 ovarian cancer AE HPO: HP_0100615 SIDER: C1140680 Female reproductive system AE that results in an enlargement of the patient's ovaries SZ, SS, YH 10033157 ovarian enlargement AE a female reproductive system AE that has an outcome of an abnormal mass appearing in the patient's ovaries SZ, SS, YH 10058823 ovarian mass AE Incorrect dose administration AE that results in the ingestion or application of a drug in greater quantities than recommended SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007287.htm 10033295 overdose AE an oxygen saturation abnormal AE that has an outcome of a decreased percentage of hemoglobin binding sites in the bloodstream occupied by oxygen SZ, SS, YH, EB WEB: Primary Source: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hypoxemia/MY00219\ Secondary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/oxygen+saturation 10033318 oxygen saturation decreased AE a pain AE that has an outcome of pain in the set of bones that hold the teeth SZ, SS, YH 10033433 pain in jaw AE HPO: HP_0200023 SIDER: C0236000 a pain AE located in the skin SZ, SS, YH, MW 10033474 pain of skin AE CTCAE:E13668 HPO: HP_0010833 NCIt:C78516 SIDER: C0241136 a erythema AE that is characterized by the reddening of the palms at the thenar and hypothenar eminences SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18039017 10033551 palmar erythema AE HPO: HP_0007548 SIDER: C0014745 a skin AE generally caused by chemotherapy that is characterized by the palms and soles becoming red, swollen, numb and the skin peeling. YH: MedDRA: 10033553 is for "palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia syndrome"; MedDRA: 10054524 is for "palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome". SZ, SS, YH, MW Hand Food Syndrome AE palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia syndrome AE WEB: http://news.cancerconnect.com/hand-foot-syndrome-palmar-plantar-erythrodysesthesia/ palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome AE CTCAE: E13672 NCIt: C27177 UMLS CUI: C0549410 Tumor AE that results in an undifferentiated growth in the patient's pancreas SZ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://stanfordhospital.org/digestivehealth/pancreas/conditions/pancreatic-cysts-symptoms-diagnosis.html Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22855657 10049082 pancreatic mass AE a pancreatitis AE that has an outcome of sudden inflammation of the pancreas SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000287.htm 10033647 pancreatitis acute AE HPO: HP_0001735 SIDER: C0001339 a pancreatitis AE that results in pancreatitis reoccurring in the patient SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002129/ 10033657 pancreatitis relapsing AE Hematopoietic System AE that results in a reduction in the amount of red and white blood cells and platelets in blood SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pancytopenia 10033661 pancytopenia AE HPO: HP_0001876 SIDER: C0030312 an edema AE that has an outcome of optic disc swelling that is caused by increased intracranial pressure SZ, SS, YH papilledema AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Papilloedema 10033703 10033712 papilloedema AE CTCAE: E10411 HPO: HP_0001085 NCIt: C3307 SIDER: C0030353 a data item that represents the incidence of the adverse event among recipients of a medical intervention (e.g., vaccinatoin) minus the incidence of the adverse event among otherwise similar nonrecipients. The AE risk difference depends on both the background incidence of the adverse event (i.e., among nonrecipients) and the relative risk of its occurence in medical intervention recipients versus nonrecipients. Even when the AE rlative risk is high, the AE risk difference will be low if the event is extremely rare. YH Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 27. adverse event risk difference Tumor AE that results in a benign tumor in the parathyroid region SZ, SS, YH parathyroid tumour benign AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001188.htm 10033964 parathyroid tumor benign AE a skin infection AE thar occurs around the fingernails and toenailsnail. Bacteria or a type of yeast called Candida cause this infection. Bacteria and yeast can even combine into one infection. SZ, SS, YH, MW nail infection AE WEB: http://www.healthline.com/health/paronychia WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paronychia 10034016 paronychia AE HPO: HP_0001818 SIDER: C0030578 a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of a broken bone caused by disease leading to weakenss of the bone, commonly osteoporosis SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pathological+fracture 10034156 pathological fracture AE HPO: HP_0005744 SIDER: C0016663 a cardiac disorder AE that has an outcome of abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3110902/ 10034474 pericardial effusion AE CTCAE: E10172 HPO: HP_0001698 NCIt: C3319 SIDER: C0031039 a pain AE that results in soreness around the vaginal opening after giving birth SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20002420 10061339 perineal pain AE CTCAE:E13175 NCIt:C78529 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of inflammation and infection that destroys the tissues that support the teeth, including the gums, the periodontal ligaments and the tooth sockets SZ, SS, YH gingivitis AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002051/ 牙龈炎 10034536 periodontal disease AE CTCAE: E10935 HPO: HP_0000704 NCIt: C63743 SIDER: C0031090 a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of inflammation and infection of the ligaments and bones that support the teeth SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002054/ 10034539 periodontitis AE HPO: HP_0000704 SIDER: C0031099 an ischaemia AE that has an outcome of restriction in blood supply to tissues, causing a shortage of oxygen and glucose needed for cellular metabolism YH: MedDRA: 10034576 is for "peripheral ischaemia"; MedDRA: 10034578 is for "peripheral ischemia". SZ, SS, YH peripheral ischaemia AE WEB: Primary Source: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=4052 Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6430442 外周缺血 10034576 10034578 peripheral ischemia AE CTCAE:E13810 HPO: HP_0002597 NCIt: C78535 SIDER: C0235490 a motor neuropathy AE that results in damage to the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001619/ 10034580 peripheral motor neuropathy AE CTCAE:E12762 HPO: HP_0007178 NCIt:C3500 SIDER: C0235025 a peripheral sensory neuropathy AE that results in the patient losing the ability to move or feel. SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000750.htm 10056673 Neuropathy can affect nerves that provide feeling (sensory neuropathy) or cause movement (motor neuropathy). It can also affect both, in which case it is called a sensorimotor neuropathy. peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy AE a sensory neuropathy AE that has an outcome of damaged nerves outside the brain and spinal cord SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Peripheral+sensory+neuropathy 10034620 peripheral sensory neuropathy AE CTCAE:E12768 HPO: HP_0000763 NCIt:C3501 SIDER: C0151313 an abscess AE that results in a collection of infected material around the tonsils SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001981/ 10034686 peritonsillar abscess AE HPO: HP_0001739 SIDER: C0031157 Respiratory system AE characterized by the whooping cough SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002528/ 10034738 pertussis AE a hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of tiny pinpoint red dots that form due to broken blood vessels under the skin SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003235.htm 10034754 petechiae AE HPO: HP_0000967 MP: MP_0008816 SIDER: C0031256 Inflammation AE that results in an inflammation of the pharyngeal region SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11172144 10065716 pharyngeal inflammation AE a phlebitis that is characterized by blood clots that occur in different locations SZ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Thrombophlebitis Secondary Source: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/463256-overview 10034902 phlebitis superficial AE a skin AE that results in the patient's skin becoming diseased due to exposure to sunlight SZ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/photodermatosis Secondary Source http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3063367/ 10051246 photodermatosis AE HPO: HP_0000992 SIDER: C0920193 a skin AE that shows a cutaneous disease as a result of sun allergy and may be induced by different triggers such as a chemical. MedDRA: 10034972 and UMLS CUI: C0162830 are for "photosensitivity reaction"; MedDRA: 10034966 and UMLS CUI: C0349506 are for "photosensitivity". SZ, SS, YH, MW photosensitivity AE WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1049648-overview WEB: http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/skin-disorders/sunlight-and-skin-damage/photosensitivity-reactions 10034966 10034972 photosensitivity reaction AE CTCAE: E13680 HPO: HP_0000992 NCIt: C38004 SIDER: C0162830 UMLS CUI: C0349506; UMLS CUI: C0162830 a skin AE that has an outcome of loss or reduction in human skin color, may be related to loss of melanocytes or inability of melanocytes to produce melanin SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/skinpigmentationdisorders.html 10062080 pigmentation disorder AE HPO: HP_0001000 SIDER: C0549567 a conduction system disorder AE that refers to partial or complete block of electrical impulses originating in the atrium or sinus node, preventing them from reaching the AV node and ventricles SS AV block heart block WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=10751 10003671 atrioventricular block AE HPO: HP_0001678 SIDER: C0004245 a respiratory system AE that has an outcome of fluid buildup between the layers of tissue that line the lungs and chest cavity SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001150/ 10035598 pleural effusion AE CTCAE:E13486 HPO: HP_0002202 NCIt:C3331 SIDER: C0032227 a hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of bleeding in the pleural cavity, the potential space between the two pleura of the lungs MedDRA: 10035601 is for "pleural haemorrhage"; MedDRA: 10055319 is for "pleural hemorrhage". SZ, SS, YH pleural haemorrhage AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hemothorax 10035601 10055319 pleural hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13492 NCIt: C50582 UMLS CUI: C0019123 a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of inflammation of the lining of the lungs and chest that leads to chest pain SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002347/ 10035618 pleurisy AE HPO: HP_0002102 SIDER: C0032231 a pain AE induced by inflammation in the lungs that is characterized by sharp or stabbing pain in the chest SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://pleuriticchestpain.net/, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Pleuritic+chest+pain 10035623 pleuritic pain AE CTCAE:E13498 NCIt:C78564 a gastrointestinal disorder AE that results in gas cysts developing within the walls of the small or large intestine SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9530294 10057030 pneumatosis intestinalis AE a pneumonia AE that has an outcome of a fungal infection of the lungs by Pneumocystis jiroveci SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001692/ 10064108 pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia AE HPO: HP_0002096 SIDER: C1535939 Respiratory System AE that results in air being present in the mediastinum SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001148/ 10050184 pneumomediastinum AE a pneumonia AE that has an outcome of inflammation in the lungs and airways to the lungs from breathing in foreign material SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000121.htm 10035669 pneumonia aspiration AE HPO: HP_0002100 SIDER: C0032290 a pneumonia AE that has an outcome of an acute systemic disease with involvement of the lungs, caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniAE and marked by high fever and cough SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/primary+atypical+pneumonia 10035730 pneumonia primary atypical AE a lung inflammation AE located in the lung tissue SZ, SS, YH, MW pulmonitis AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pneumonitis 10035742 pneumonitis AE CTCAE:E13502 NCIt:C3333 a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of a collapsed lung due to collection of air in the space around the lungs. SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001151/ 10035759 pneumothorax AE CTCAE:E13508 HPO: HP_0006522 NCIt:C38006 SIDER: C0032326 a urinary system AE that results in abnormally frequent urination SZ, SS, YH frequent micturition AE polyuria AE WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/pollakiuria 10036018 pollakiuria AE HPO: HP_0000103 SIDER: C0042023 a hematopoietic disorder AE that results in the bone marrow producing too many red blood cells SZ, SS, YH polycythaemia vera AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Polycythaemia+vera 10036057 polycythemia vera AE a hypertension AE located in the heptatic portal system caused by obstruction or occlusion that produces splenomegaly and ascites in its later stages SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21129318 http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/portal%20hypertension 10036200 portal hypertension AE CTCAE: E11238 HPO: HP_0001409 NCIt: C3119 SIDER: C0020541 a thrombosis AE that has an outcome of formation of a blood clot affecting the hepatic portal vein, can lead to hypertension or reduction of blood supply to the liver SZ, SS, YH PVT WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/portal+vein+thrombosis 10036206 portal vein thrombosis AE CTCAE: E11243 NCIt: C78565 a syndrome that results in the patient suffering a set of problems after having a spinal tap procedure SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19921503 10060854 post lumbar puncture syndrome AE Fever AE that results in a fever occurring after an operation SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22774619 10050087 postoperative fever AE A thrombosis AE that occurs after an operation that results in a blood clot in a blood vessel disrupting blood flow throughout the body SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19756494 10050902 postoperative thrombosis AE Female reproductive system AE that results in the patient getting pregnant even when using a contraceptive SZ, SS, YH 10067667 pregnancy on contraceptive AE a perinatal AE that has an outcome of premature baby SZ, SS, YH 10036590 premature baby AE a pregnancy AE that has an outcome of labor beginning prior to the 37th week of gestation SZ, SS, YH premature labour AE preterm labor AE WEB: http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=premature%20labor 10036600 premature labor AE a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of a near-fainting episode which may include lightheadedness, dizziness, severe weakness, blurred vision, which may precede syncopal episode SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/presyncope 10036653 presyncope AE CTCAE:E12778 HPO: HP_0002321 NCIt:C80100 SIDER: C0700200 a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of a piece of dead bone that completely separates from sound bone during the process of necrosis SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/primary+sequestrum 10052460 primary sequestrum AE a coronary artery disorder AE that results in cardiac pain at rest that occurs in cycles SZ, SS, YH Prinzmetal's angina AE coronary vessel spasm AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/prinzmetal+angina 10036759 prinzmetal angina AE HPO: HP_0001681 SIDER: C0002963 a digestive system AE that results in the pain located at the anus or in the rectum SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/proctalgia 10036772 proctalgia AE HPO: HP_0004378 SIDER: C0034886 A medical intervention that is a procedure occuring in the inside structures of the tooth, including the dental pulp and tooth root, and the periapical tissue surrounding the root. YH, SS WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/endodontic 10051085 endodontic procedure A medical intervention that creates a passage of a tube through the nose or mouth into the trachea for maintenance of the airway, as during the administration of anesthesia. YH, SS WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Endotracheal+intubation 10067450 endotracheal intubation A surgery that has an outcome of the removal of part or all of the stomach. YH, SS WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002945.htm 10061965 gastrectomy a cough AE that has an outcome of secretions that could be mucous or blood SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://coldflu.about.com/od/glossary/g/productivecough.htm 10036790 productive cough AE CTCAE:E13517 NCIt:C78569 a tumor AE that has an outcome of cancer that starts in the prostate gland, the small structure that wraps around the urethra carrying urine out of the body SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001418/ 10060862 prostate cancer AE HPO: HP_0012125 SIDER: C0376358 a physical examination result abnormal AE that results in a prostate exam being different than expected SZ, SS, EB 10055025 prostate examination abnormal AE a male reproductive system AE that has an outcome of an increased amount of prostatic specific antigen, a glycoprotein enzyme present in small quantities in the serum of men with healthy prostates. May indicate prostate cancer or prostate disorders SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23277770 10036975 prostatic specific antigen increased AE a protein and chemistry analysis result abnormal AE that is characterized by the protein level in the body being abnormal SZ, SS, YH, EB 10037012 protein total abnormal AE a prothrombin level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decrease in level of prothrombin in body SZ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/prothrombin 10037050 prothrombin level decreased AE a prothrombin time abnormal AE that has an outcome of prolonged time for plasma in the blood to clot SZ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003652.htm 10037063 prothrombin time prolonged AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of infection in the large intestine with an overgrowth of Clostridium difficile bacteria SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001305/ 10037128 pseudomembranous colitis AE HPO: HP_0002583 SIDER: C1257843 a bacterial infection AE that has an outcome of infection by genus Pseudomonas, typically targets respiratory tract SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/970904-overview 10061471 pseudomonas infection AE HPO: HP_0005429 SIDER: C0033817 a psychiatric disorder AE that results in physical pain being caused by the patient's life stresses SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/psychosomatic+disease 10049587 psychosomatic disease AE A mental disorder AE that results in abnormal condition of the mind SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/psychotic+disorder 10061920 psychotic disorder AE HPO: HP_0000709 SIDER: C0033975 an adverse event causality evidence that has an outcome of biological plausity. YH Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 28. evidence of biological plausity of adverse event causality a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of hypertension or abnormally high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001171/ 10064911 pulmonary arterial hypertension AE HPO: HP_0002092 SIDER: C2973725 a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of engorgement of pulmonary vessels with transudation of fluid into the alveolar and interstitial spaces, seen in cardiac disease, infections, and certain injuries SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pulmonary+congestion 10037368 pulmonary congestion AE HPO: HP_0004930 SIDER: C0242073 an arterial embolism AE that results in the blockage of the main artery of a lung or one of its branches by a substance that has travelled from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream [SS] moved by relation 'SubclassOf' from lung disorder AE to arterial embolism on 01/07/14 SZ, SS, YH pulmonary artery thrombosis AE pulmonary thrombosis AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23299609 10037377 10037437 pulmonary embolism AE HPO: HP_0002204 SIDER: C0034065 a lung disorder AE wih the outcome of damaged or scarred lung tissue. Thickened tissue impairs lung function SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/pulmonary-fibrosis/DS00927 10037383 pulmonary fibrosis AE CTCAE:E13527 HPO: HP_0002206 NCIt:C26869 SIDER: C0034069 a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of acute bleeding from the lung, especially in the upper respiratory tract and the endotracheal tube SZ, SS, YH pulmonary haemorrhage AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23217914 10037394 pulmonary hemorrhage AE a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of abnormally high blood pressure in the arteris of the lungs SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001171/ 10037400 pulmonary hypertension AE CTCAE:E13539 HPO: HP_0002092 NCIt:C3120 SIDER: C0020542 a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of an abnormal spot in the lungs that is more than 3 cm in size SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://lungcancer.about.com/od/whatislungcancer/a/Lung-Mass.htm 10056342 pulmonary mass AE a lung disorder AE that has an outcome of edema or abnormal buildup of fluid in the air sacs of the lungs, leads to shortness of breath MedDRA: 10037423 is for "pulmonary oedema"; MedDRA: 10037375 is for "pulmonary edema" SZ, SS, YH, MW pulmonary oedema AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001195/ pulmonary edema AE CTCAE: E13521 HPO: HP_0100598 NCIt: C26868 SIDER: C0034063 UMLS CUI: C0034063 a cardiovascular disorder AE that has an outcome of an inability to detect pulse SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003078.htm 10037469 pulse absent AE a cardiovascular disorder AE that has an outcome of abnormally low pulse pressure, less than 25% of systolic value. Can indicate blood loss or low stroke volume SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pulse+pressure 10037480 pulse pressure decreased AE an adverse event with an outcome of the release or secretion of pus SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=21858 10037569 purulent discharge AE a kidney disorder AE that is characterized by the dilation of calices, usually due to obstruction or infection SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/calicectasis 10061927 pyelocaliectasis AE an injury AE caused by ionizing radiation SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Radiation+Injuries 10037760 radiation injury AE a digestive system AE that results in the inflammation of mucous membranes lining the digestive tract. Caused by radiation, can lead to mouth sores SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=19881 10037763 radiation mucositis AE a digestive system AE that has an outcome of inflammation that radiation causes swelling of the esophagus SZ, SS, YH radiation oesophagitis AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/esophagitis 10048899 radiation esophagitis AE a lung inflammation AE due to radiation therapy SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=8091 10037765 radiation pneumonitis AE a skin AE that has an outcome of injury to the skin and underlying tissues from exposure to a large external dose of radiation SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.bt.cdc.gov/radiation/criphysicianfactsheet.asp 10063562 radiation skin injury AE NCIt: C3349 a respiratory system AE that has an outcome of clicking, rattling or crackling noises made by one or both lungs during inhalation SZ, SS, YH Crackles WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/crackles 10037833 rales AE a rash ae adverse event that results in redness of the skin, caused by hyperemia of the capillaries in the lower layers of the skin SZ, SS, YH rash erythematous AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23145421 10037855 erythematous rash AE HPO: HP_0007432 SIDER: C0234913 a rash AE occuring in several areas of the body SZ, SS, YH rash (generalized) AE rash generalised AE WEB: http://www.freemd.com/rash-generalized/overview.htm 10037858 generalized rash AE HPO: HP_0000988 SIDER: C0497365 a rash AE that has an outcome of an unpleasant sensation of the skin that provokes the uge to scratch SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/diseasemanagement/dermatology/pruritus-itch/ 10037884 rash pruritic AE an inflammation AE that has an outcome of an inflammatory reaction limited to a previously X-irradiated field when the patient is treated months/years later with certain drugs SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7577597 10060856 recall phenomenon AE Digestive System AE that results in bleeding in the rectal area SZ, SS, YH rectal haemorrhage AE 10038063 10038064 rectal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10955 HPO: HP_0002573 NCIt: C27054 SIDER: C0267596 a red blood cell count abnormal AE that has an outcome of a decrease in red blood cells SZ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003644.htm 10038153 red blood cell count decreased AE HPO: HP_0001903 SIDER: C0427457 a digestive system disorder AE that results in the inflammation of the stomach lining due to reflux SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gastritis 10057969 reflux gastritis AE a digestive system AE located in the esophagus, can present with heartburn, and nausea, caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease SZ, SS, YH reflux oesophagitis AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/esophagitis 10038263 reflux esophagitis AE HPO: HP_0100633 SIDER: C0014869 a kidney disorder AE that results in kidneys failing to adequately filter toxins and waste from the blood SZ, SS, YH kidney failure AE renal insufficiency AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/renal+failure 10038435 renal failure AE HPO: HP_0000083 SIDER: C0035078 a kidney disorder AE that results in the rapid loss or decline of kidney function As shown on the renal.org website (http://www.renal.org/guidelines/modules/acute-kidney-injury), Acute kidney injury (AKI) has now replaced the term acute renal failure. SZ, SS, YH, Izabela Birsanescu, MW AKI renal failure acute AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/acute+renal+failure WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-failure/basics/definition/con-20024029 10038436 10069339 Acute kidney failure occurs when kidneys become unable to filter waste products from blood. acute kidney injury AE CTCAE:E12973 HPO: HP_0001919 NCIt:C26808 SIDER: C0022660 a kidney disorder AE that results in the kidneys failing to adequately filter toxins and waste from the blood SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23263712 10062237 renal impairment AE HPO: HP_0000082 SIDER: C0341697 kidney disorder AE that results in the renal tubule wasting away and losing strength/functional abilities SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/nephron 10038536 renal tubular atrophy AE a kidney disorder AE that results in the renal artery narrowing SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/renal+artery+stenosis 10038553 renal vessel disorder AE Respiratory system AE that is characterized by conditions that affect organs and systems that deal with gas exchange SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/respiratory+disorder 10038683 respiratory disorder AE HPO: HP_0002086 SIDER: C0035204 a respiratory system AE that has an outcome of a condition where lungs cannot remove all the carbon dioxide the body produces, makes body fluid too acidic SZ, SS, YH respiratory failure AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001154/ 10038695 respiratory acidosis AE CTCAE:E13545 HPO: HP_0004877 NCIt:C26872 SIDER: C1145670 a respiratory system AE that has an outcome of a ventilory rate greater than 20 breaths per minute SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/tachypnea 10038712 respiratory rate increased AE Respiratory System AE that results in bleeding somewhere in the respiratory system SZ, SS, YH respiratory tract haemorrhage AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8692086 10038727 respiratory tract hemorrhage AE an infection AE that has an outcome of infection in the respiratory tract, includes pneumonia as well as lung abscess and acute bronchitis SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/respiratory+tract+infection 10062352 respiratory tract infection AE HPO: HP_0002873 SIDER: C0035243 an eye disorder AE that has an outcome of bleeding in the eye SZ, SS, YH retinal haemorrhage AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/retinal+hemorrhage 10038867 retinal hemorrhage AE HPO: HP_0000573 SIDER: C0035317 Eye Disorder AE that results in a tearing of retinal pigment epithelial tissue SZ, SS, YH 10062971 retinal pigment epithelial tear AE Amnesia AE that results in the patient forgeting things that happened before the onset of an injury or disease SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/retrograde+amnesia 10038965 retrograde amnesia AE HPO: HP_0002354 SIDER: C0002624 an encephalopathy AE that is characterized by headache, confusion, seizures and visual loss, tends to resolve over time SZ, SS, YH, MW 10063761 reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome AE CTCAE:E12798 NCIt:C78598 a muscle adverse event that results in damaged skeletal muscle tissue breaks down rapidly SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/rhabdomyolysis 10039020 rhabdomyolysis AE HPO: HP_0009045 SIDER: C0035410 a right ventricular dysfunction AE that has an outcome of congestive heart failure manifested by distention of the neck veins, enlargement of the liver, and dependent edema SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/right+ventricular+failure 10039163 right ventricular failure AE HPO: HP_0001708 SIDER: C2939447 A pregnancy AE that results in the growing pregnancy in a woman's fallopian tube becoming larger than the tube and causing it to rupture SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.freemd.com/ruptured-ectopic-pregnancy/overview.htm 10048407 ruptured ectopic pregnancy AE an abnormal salivary gland physiology AE that results in the salivary glands becoming irritated and/or swollen SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/salivaryglanddisorders.html 10061935 salivary gland disorder AE HPO: HP_0010286 SIDER: C0036093 a skin AE that has an outcome of a hard coating formed during the wound healing reconstruction phase SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/scab 10039509 scab AE HPO: HP_0007564 SIDER: C0205204 a nervous system AE that results in the sciatic nerve losing its sensory capabilities SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21995439 10039670 sciatic nerve injury AE an eye disorder AE that is characterized by an excessive accumulation of blood in the eye SZ, SS, YH scleral hyperaemia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hyperaemia 10052130 scleral hyperemia AE a dementia AE that results in an elderly patient suffering from dementia SZ, SS, YH 10039966 senile dementia AE a sensory capability AE that results in the patient feeling their blood flow SZ, SS, YH 10039996 sensation of blood flow AE a shock AE that has an outcome of life-threatening low blood pressure SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001689/ 10040070 septic shock AE HPO: HP_0002718 SIDER: C0036983 a surgery that leads to the excision of a sequestrum, or a piece of dead bone that has become separated during the process of necrosis SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sequestrectomy 10053437 sequestrectomy Blood cell lab test abnormal AE showing an increase in the number of immature leukocytes in peripheral blood. (in hematology) a predominance of immature leukocytes noted in a differential white blood cell count. It is usually indicative of an infection or inflammation. The term derives from a graph of blood components in which immature cell frequencies appear on the left side of the graph. SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/shift 10056383 shift to the left AE a physiological shock AE that has an outcome of hypovolemic shock resulting from acute hemorrhage and characterized by hypotension, tachycardia, oliguria, and by pale, cold and clammy skin SZ, SS, YH shock haemorrhagic AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hemorrhagic+shock 10049771 shock hemorrhagic AE a gastrointestinal disorder AE that results in the sigmoid colon being inflamed SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sigmoiditis 10052058 sigmoiditis AE a respiratory system AE that has an outcome of disease in the air-filled spaces that surround the nasal cavity, above the eyes and behind the ethmoids SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/paranasal+sinuses 10062244 sinus disorder AE CTCAE:E13560 NCIt:C26843 a tachycardia AE that has an outcome of elevated impulses originating from the sinoatrial node, greater than 100 bpm SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sinus+tachycardia 10040752 sinus tachycardia AE CTCAE: E10214 HPO: HP_0001649 NCIt: C26889 SIDER: C0039239 a skin AE that is characterized by sore, cracked, or rough skin, usually on the hands, face and lips. SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://wellbeing.doctissimo.com/wellbeing-a-z/chapped-skin.html 10040813 skin chapped AE a skin AE that results in linear-like cleavages in the skin SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/fissure 10040849 skin fissures AE a skin AE that has an outcome of bleeding at the skin SZ, SS, YH skin haemorrhage AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003235.htm 10064265 skin hemorrhage AE HPO: HP_0000967 SIDER: C0852361 a skin AE that has an outcome of darkening in an area of skin or nails caused by increased melanin SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hyperpigmentation 10040865 skin hyperpigmentation AE CTCAE:E13718 HPO: HP_0010284 NCIt:C79731 SIDER: C0162834 a skin AE that has an outcome of infection. Can be bacterial, fungal, parasitic or viral SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/skin+infection 10040872 skin infection AE CTCAE: E11568 HPO: HP_0001581 NCIt: C35025 SIDER: C0037278 a skin AE that has an outcome of a jagged wound, can be shallow cuts or deep gahes that penetrate through muscle to internal organs and bone SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.mdguidelines.com/lacerations 10058818 skin laceration AE a skin AE that has an outcome of a superficial growth or patch of the skin that does not resemble the area surrounding it SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Skin+Lesions 10040882 skin lesion AE HPO: HP_0011355 SIDER: C0037284 a skin AE that has an outcome of exposure of skin to nonspecific irritants or from the action of specific allergens SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Skin+Reactions 10040914 skin reaction AE a skin AE that has an outcome of irritation, sensitization and phototoxicity SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dermal+toxicity 10059516 skin toxicity AE a behavior and neurological AE that results in irregular sleep patterns SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sleep+disorder 10040984 sleep disorder AE HPO: HP_0002360 SIDER: C0851578 an eating disorder AE that is characterized by patient searching for food while asleep SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23205019 10067315 sleep-related eating disorder AE a gastrointestinal disorder AE that has an outcome of a blockage that keeps substance from passing through the small intestine, may be caused by fibrous bands of tissue in the abdomen, inflamed/infected pouches in the intestine, or hernias and tumors SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/intestinal-obstruction/DS00823 10041101 small intestinal obstruction AE CTCAE: E11021 HPO: HP_0005214 NCIt: C78615 SIDER: C0235329 a surgery that is characterized by all of or part of the small intestine needing to be removed SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002943.htm 10041105 small intestinal resection a gastrointestinal disorder AE in which the blood vessels in the small intestine narrow SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/stenosis 10062263 small intestinal stenosis AE CTCAE: E11032 NCIt: C78617 a tumor AE that results in cancer in the small intestine SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/small+intestine+cancer 10054184 small intestine carcinoma AE a gastrointestinal disorder AE that results in an ulcer in the patient's small intestine SZ, SS, YH 10041133 small intestine ulcer AE CTCAE: E11038 NCIt: C78619 a connective tissue disorder AE that occurs in the non-skeletal tissue, usually subcutaneous and muscle tissue SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.reference.md/files/D018/mD018461.html 10062255 soft tissue infection soft tissue infection AE CTCAE: E11579 HPO: HP_0002719 NCIt: C79745 SIDER: C0149778 a connective tissue disorder AE that results in damage to muscles, ligaments, and tendons throughout the body SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22964676 10041291 soft tissue injury AE a necrosis AE that results in necrosis occurring in soft tissue SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/necrosis 10065769 soft tissue necrosis AE a behavior and neurological AE that results in the patient hvings a mental disorder with symptoms that may suggest physical illness or injury SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/somatoform+disorder 10054153 somatoform disorder AE a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of vertebra collapse caused by small hairline fractures SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/spinal-compression-fractures-causes 10041541 spinal compression fracture AE a nervious system AE that has an outcome of spinal cord compressed by bone fragments from a vertebral fracture, a tumor, abscess, ruptured intervertebral disc or other lesion SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/spinal+cord+compression 10041549 spinal cord compression AE HPO: HP_0002176 SIDER: C0037926 Tumor AE that results in a tumor in the patient's spinal cord SZ, SS, YH 10062261 spinal cord neoplasm AE Spinal osteoarthritis AE is a osteoarthritis AE that has an outcome of degeneration of the protective cartilage that cushions the tops of bones, causes swelling and pain and may cause development of osteophytes. SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/osteoarthritis/guide/spinal-osteoarthritis-degenerative-arthritis-of-the-spine 10041591 spinal osteoarthritis AE HPO: HP_0002758 SIDER: C0949690 an immune system disorder AE that has an outcome of a larger-than-normal spleen, affects blood filtration SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003276.htm 10041660 splenomegaly AE HPO: HP_0001744 SIDER: C0038002 a microbiology and serology investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of bacterial infection in the lungs or breathing passages SZ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.webmd.com/lung/sputum-culture 10051612 sputum culture positive AE a respiratory system AE that shows increased sputum, which results in mucous material coughed up from the lungs by the patient. SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=5539 10041812 sputum increased AE HPO: HP_0002105 SIDER: C0235567 a skin AE that has an outcome of a type of nonmelanoma skin cancer SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001832/ 10041823 squamous cell carcinoma AE HPO: HP_0006739 SIDER: C0007137 a bacterial infection AE that has an outcome of invasion by Staphylococcus, can present with pus, fever, chills and low blood pressure SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/staph_infection/page2.htm 10058080 staphylococcal infection AE HPO: HP_0007499 SIDER: C0038160 a skin AE that results in the skin in the leg undergoing discoloration due to blood pooling as a result of insufficient venous return SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000834.htm 10041955 stasis dermatitis AE a device occlusion AE that has an outcome of blockage of the stent, or a tube inserted into body to prevent or counteract a disease-induced, localized flow constriction SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002303.htm 10049936 stent occlusion AE a skin adverse event that is characterized by cell death causing the epidermis to separate from the dermis SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001854/ 10042033 stevens-johnson syndrome AE CTCAE:E13736 HPO: HP_0000951 NCIt:C79484 SIDER: C0038325 a stress AE that results in patient experiencing stress at work SZ, SS, YH 10042210 stress at work AE an adverse event causality evidence that comes from a case report. YH Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 28. adverse event causality evidence from case report a nervous system AE that has an outcome of bleeding in the area between the brain and the thin tissues that cover the brain SZ, SS, YH subarachnoid haemorrhage AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001720/ 10042316 subarachnoid hemorrhage AE HPO: HP_0002138 SIDER: C0038525 a nervous system AE that has an outcome of a collection of blood on the surface of the brain SZ, SS, YH subdural haematoma AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001732/ 10042361 subdural hematoma AE HPO: HP_0100309 SIDER: C0018946 A gastrointestinal hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of the bleeding in the stomach YH, SS gastric haemorrhage AE 10017788 10017789 gastric hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10706 NCIt: C54582 a death AE that has an outcome of unexpected death, 1 to 24 hours after the onset of symptoms SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sudden+death 10042434 10042435 sudden death AE CTCAE: E11171 HPO: HP_0001645 NCIt: C50911 SIDER: C0011071 a psychiatric disorder AE that results in thoughts about suicide SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Suicidal+ideation Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10193592 10042458 suicidal ideation AE CTCAE:E12964 NCIt:C80102 a psychiatric disorder AE that results in attempted suicide SZ, SS, YH, MW 10042464 suicide attempt AE CTCAE:E12969 HPO: HP_0000708 NCIt:C80111 SIDER: C0038663 a viral infection AE that has an outcome of a cell that was previously infected being coinfected with a different strain of the virus SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/superinfection 10042566 superinfection AE HPO: HP_0005364 SIDER: C0038826 a venous thrombosis AE in which a stroke occurs as a result of thrombosis. uncommon cerebrovascular accident that is frequently associated with diseases that may contribute to the development of thrombosis through hypercoagulability, stasis of the local blood stream, and abnormalities of the vessel wall. SZ, SS, YH SSST WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1026412 WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1455986 10042567 superior sagittal sinus thrombosis AE an arrhythmia AE that has an outcome of premature atrial contractions or beats caused by signals originating from ectopic atrial sites SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://sideeffects.embl.de/se/C0033036/ 10042602 supraventricular extrasystoles AE HPO: HP_0005115 SIDER: C0033036 a tachycardia AE that has an outcome of rapid heart rhythm originating at or above the atrioventricular node SZ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001235/ Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23233691 10042604 supraventricular tachycardia AE CTCAE: E10218 HPO: HP_0004765 NCIt: C35061 SIDER: C0039240 Adverse event that is characterized by the patient becoming increasingly suspicious SZ, SS, YH 10042635 suspiciousness AE an injury and procedural complication AE that results in a complication resulting from a suture SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17276274 10059059 suture related complication AE a surgery AE that results in a suture being used to hold body tissues together, ruptures SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21266279 10048547 suture rupture AE an increased heartbeat AE that is characterized by a distburance of the heart rhythm in which heart rate is abnormally increased SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tachyarrhythmia 10049447 tachyarrhythmia AE HPO: HP_0001649 SIDER: C0080203 a tachycardia AE that results in tachycardia beginings and ending in an acute manner SZ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11208235 Secondary Source: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000183.htm 10043079 tachycardia paroxysmal AE an abnormal repiration AE that shows an outcome of tachypnoea (i.e., abnormally rapid breathing or respiration) SZ, SS, YH tachypnoea AE 10043089 tachypnea AE HPO: HP_0004346 SIDER: C0231835 an adverse event causality evidence that comes from the study of a case report series. YH Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 28. adverse event causality evidence from case series Behavior and neurological AE that results in the patient having recurring seizures SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001714/ 10043209 temporal lobe epilepsy AE An immune system disorder AE that is a complication that can occur after a stem or bone marrow transplant in which the newly transplanted donor cells attack the transplant recipient's body YH, SS GVHD WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001309.htm 10018651 graft versus host disease AE a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of too many blood platelets or thrombocytes, can result in headache, lightheadedness, vision changes and limb numbness SZ, SS, YH thrombocythaemia AE WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/thrombocythemia/DS01087 10015493 thrombocythemia AE a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of decrease in platelets in the blood SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000586.htm 10043554 thrombocytopenia AE HPO: HP_0001873 SIDER: C0040034 a phlebitis AE located in the vein, caused by a blood clot SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002098/ WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001108.htm 10043570 thrombophlebitis AE HPO: HP_0004418 SIDER: C0040046 a thrombosis AE that is characterized by a pathological process involving thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia and microvascular occlusion SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22802583 WEB: Primary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18215115 Secondary Source: http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra020528 10043645 thrombotic microangiopathy AE HPO: HP_0002597 SIDER: C2717961 a tumor AE that results in a benign tumor in the thyroid SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0004524/ 10043688 thyroid adenoma AE HPO: HP_0000854 SIDER: C0151468 a tumor AE that results in the patient hvings a mass growing in their thyroid SZ, SS, YH 10058900 thyroid mass AE an arrhythmia AE that has an outcome of an irregular rate of the heartbeat YH, SS 10019304 heart rate irregular AE HPO: HP_0011675 SIDER: C0237314 a syndrome AE that results in the patient suffering from withdrawal from not using tobacco SZ, SS, YH 10059612 tobacco withdrawal symptoms AE a tongue AE that has an outcome of open sores or cuts on the tongue SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.localhealth.com/article/tongue-ulcers 10043991 tongue ulceration AE HPO: HP_0000155 SIDER: C0235351 Tumor AE that results in cancer in the patient's tonsils SZ, SS, YH 10044002 tonsil cancer AE a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of an abscess located in the tooth or a bacterial infection in the center of a tooth SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002055/ 10044016 tooth abscess AE HPO: HP_0000164 SIDER: C0518988 a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of disease in the teeth SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/toothdisorders.html 10044034 tooth disorder AE HPO: HP_0000164 SIDER: C0040435 a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of a break or rupture in a bone SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tooth+fracture 10062544 tooth fracture AE a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of one or more teeth coming loose and falling out SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23253824 10044044 tooth loss AE HPO: HP_0006349 SIDER: C0080233 a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of an aching pain in or around a tooth SZ, SS, YH odontalgia AE WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/toothache Seconday Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22157099 10044055 toothache AE CTCAE: E11054 HPO: HP_0000164 NCIt: C78640 SIDER: C0040460 a endocrine system AE that has an outcome of an excess production of thryoid hormone, characterized by functionally autonomous nodules SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000317.htm 10044242 toxic nodular goitre AE A liver AE that has an outcome of an abnormal functionality of the liver YH, SS hepatic function abnormal AE HPO: HP_0001410 SIDER: C0086565 a respiratory system AE that results in the trachea being infected by a bacteria SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001983/ 10044302 10066798 tracheitis AE CTCAE: E11599 NCIt: C78647 a respiratory system AE that is characterized by the inflammation of the muscous membranes of the trachea and bronchi SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tracheobronchitis 10044314 tracheobronchitis AE HPO: HP_0002837 SIDER: C0040586 a behavior and neurological AEthat results in the patient being in a state of trance SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/trance 10044334 trance AE a transaminase level abnormal AE that has an outcome of elevated levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Transaminases 10054889 transaminase level increased AE A cardiomyopathy AE that has an outcome of a condition in which the heart muscle becomes thick. Often, only one part of the heart is thicker than the other parts. The thickening can make it harder for blood to leave the heart, forcing the heart to work harder to pump blood. It also can make it harder for the heart to relax and fill with blood. YH, SS HCM WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001243/ 10020871 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy AE HPO: HP_0001639 SIDER: C0007194 a vascular disorder AE that results in an abnormal spatial arrangement of any of the primary blood vessels SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002535/ 10044443 transposition of the great vessels AE a blood chloride abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormally high level of chloride in the blood YH, MW 10020599 hyperchloremia AE UMLS CUI: C0085679 a cardiac valve disease AE that is characterized by a tricuspid valve that does not close tightly enough to prevent leakage SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Tricuspid+Valve+Insufficiency 10044640 tricuspid valve incompetence AE a tri-iodothyronine level abnormal AE that results in a decreased level of tri-iodothyronine SZ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Tri-iodothyronine 10044594 tri-iodothyronine decreased AE a troponin level abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increased amount of troponin, a protein released when the heart muscle is damaged SZ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007452.htm 10058267 troponin level increased AE a bacterial infection AE that is caused by M. tuberculosis. SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001141/ 10044755 tuberculosis AE a surgery that removes a tumour SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Tumor+Removal 10061392 tumour excision Tumor AE that results in a tumor reoccurring SZ, SS, YH tumour flare AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21523725 10045169 tumor flare AE an hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of bleeding in the tumour SZ, SS, YH tumour haemorrhage AE WEB: http://calder.med.miami.edu/pointis/tbifam/cause3.html 10049750 tumour hemorrhage AE a syndrome AE that has an outcome of a group of metabolic complications that can occur after treatment of cancer SZ, SS, YH tumour lysis syndrome AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15384972 10045152 10045170 tumor lysis syndrome AE CTCAE: E12365 NCIt: C3425 a cytogenetic investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increase in a substance found in the blood, urine, or body tissues that can be elevated in cancer, among other tissue types SZ, SS, YH, EB tumour marker increased AE WEB: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/detection/tumor-markers 10048621 tumor marker increased AE a necrosis AE that has an outcome of death of tumor tissue, tumor rapidly outgrows its blood supply SZ, SS, YH tumour necrosis AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tumor+necrosis 10054094 tumor necrosis AE a keratitis AE that has an outcome of disrupted epithelial layer and stroma of the cornea, may become blind SZ, SS, YH corneal ulcer AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Ulcerative+keratitis 10064996 ulcerative keratitis AE HPO: HP_0007812 SIDER: C0010043 Homeostasis AE that results in an inability to achieve adequate fluid balance SZ, SS, YH 10069568 ultrafiltration failure AE Respiratory system AE that is characterized by the patient having an obstruction in their upper airway SZ, SS, YH 10067775 upper airway obstruction AE HPO: HP_0002781 SIDER: C0740852 a gastrointestinal hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract SZ, SS, YH upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage AE WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gastrointestinal+bleeding Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1237869/ 10046274 10055356 upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E11062 HPO: HP_0002239 NCIt: C78660 SIDER: C0041909 a urinary system AE that has an outcome of a blockage in the urinary tract, can result in pain, fever, infection, loss of kidney function, sepsis or death if severe SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/ureteral-obstruction/ 10046406 ureteric obstruction AE HPO: HP_0006000 SIDER: C0041956 Urinary system AE that results in the urethra becoming obstructed SZ, SS, YH 10046459 urethral obstruction AE HPO: HP_0000796 SIDER: C0041972 Urinary System AE that results in the urethra becoming narrowed at the external meatus SZ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/urethral+meatal+stenosis Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22710090 10065584 urethral stenosis AE a urinary incontinence AE that results in the patient feeling a sudden urgency or need to urinate. SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002250/ 10046494 urge incontinence AE HPO: HP_0000012 SIDER: C0150045 Urinary system AE that results in an inability to urinate SZ, SS, YH, MW WEB: Primary Source: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/urinary+retention Secondary Source: http://www.medtronic.com/patients/urinary-retention/index.htm 10046555 urinary retention AE CTCAE:E13046 HPO: HP_0000016 NCIt:C50790 SIDER: C0080274 a urinary tract infection AE that results in the infection of the urinary tract by the Pseudomonas Aeruginosa organism SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.jiph.org/article/S1876-0341(09)00058-6/abstract 10062279 urinary tract infection pseudomonal AE a urinary tract infection AE that results in the urinary tract being infected with the staphylococcal bacteria SZ, SS, YH 10062280 urinary tract infection staphylococcal AE a toxicology drug screen result abnormal AE that results in a positive result for amphetamines in the urine SZ, SS, YH, EB 10051400 urine amphetamine positive AE a urine abnormality AE that has an outcome of decreased urine output, less than 500 milliliters of urine in 24 hours SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003147.htm 10059895 urine output decreased AE CTCAE: E12217 NCIt: C80522 a urinary system AE caused by an infection in the urinary tract that has an outcome of accumulation of pus-forming bacteria or toxins in the blood of the urinary tract. SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.primehealthchannel.com/urosepsis-definition-symptoms-causes-diagnosis-and-treatment.html 10048709 urosepsis AE an urticaria AE that results in the appearance of "wheals" on skin SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/papular+urticaria 10046750 urticaria papular AE a uterine AE that results in uterine contractions during pregnancy SZ, SS, YH 10049975 uterine contractions during pregnancy AE a uterine AE that has an outcome of bleeding from the uterus MedDRA: 10046788 is for "uterine haemorrhage"; MedDRA: 10046789 is for "uterine hemorrhage" SZ, SS, YH, MW uterine haemorrhage AE 10046788 10046789 uterine hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13237 HPO: HP_0000130 NCIt: C78686 SIDER: C0042134 a uterine AE that results in the patient undergoing a single uterine contraction for over two minutes during pregnancy SZ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12192488 Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12192488 10046790 uterine hypertonus AE HPO: HP_0000130 SIDER: C0269842 an infection AE that results in infection of the vagina SZ, SS, YH 10046914 vaginal infection AE CTCAE: E11624 HPO: HP_0000142 NCIt: C26911 SIDER: C0404521 a digestive system AE that has an outcome of dilated sub-mucosal veins in the lower third of the esophagus SZ, SS, YH varices oesophageal AE WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/esophageal-varices/DS00820 10056091 varices esophageal AE HPO: HP_0002040 SIDER: C0014867 a dementia AE that results in problems with reasoning, judgement, and memory resulting from brain damage from impaired blood flow to the brain SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/vascular-dementia/DS00934 10057678 vascular dementia AE a vascular disorder AE that results in the veins becoming discoloured SZ, SS, YH vein discolouration AE 10047183 vein discoloration AE a thrombosis AE that has an outcome of a blood clot in the inferior vena cava SZ, SS, YH vena cava embolism AE WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1933035-overview, http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000156.htm 10047193 10047195 vena cava thrombosis AE a vascular disorder AE that results in an injury to the vein(s) SZ, SS, YH 10047228 venous injury AE CTCAE: E12051 NCIt: C78711 a thrombosis AE that has an outcome of a blood clot that forms within a vein SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000156.htm 10047249 venous thrombosis AE HPO: HP_0004850 SIDER: C0042487 a cardiac ventricular disorder AE that has an outcome of an abnormality in the contraction of the ventricles or the motion of the cells SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ventricular+dysfunction 10059056 ventricular dysfunction AE an adverse event causality evidence that comes from an uncontrolled observational study YH Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 28. adverse event causality evidence from uncontrolled observational study an ear disorder that results in irritation and swelling (inflammation) of the inner ear SZ, SS, YH lybyrinthitis AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002049/ 10047393 vestibular neuronitis AE an abnormal vision AE that results in unclear vision SZ, SS, YH blurred vision AE WEB: Primary Source: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003029.htm Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23111613 10005886 10047513 vision blurred AE CTCAE: E10346 HPO: HP_0000622 NCIt: C27123 SIDER: C0344232 an abnormal vision AE that results in a decrease in clearness of vision SZ, SS, YH WEB: Primary Source: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003396.htm Secondary Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23329671 10047531 visual acuity reduced AE HPO: HP_0000572 SIDER: C0234632 an abnormal vision AE that results in the patient suffering from an enhanced brightness in their vision SZ, SS, YH 10049155 visual brightness AE a gustatory system AE that has an outcome of a shortage of vitamin D which is essential for strong bones SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/diet/vitamin-d-deficiency 10047626 vitamin d deficiency AE HPO: HP_0100513 SIDER: C0042870 an adverse event causality evidence that comes from controlled observational studies. YH Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 29. adverse event causality evidence from controlled observational study Inflammation AE that is characterized by an inflammatory reaction of the vitreous or hyaloid membrane as a result of disease in adjacent structures SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/vitritis 10047663 vitritis AE a physical examination result abnormal AE that shows an increase (gain) in weight of a patient SZ, SS, YH weight gain AE 10047896 10047899 weight increased AE CTCAE: E12224 HPO: HP_0004324 NCIt: C62754 SIDER: C0043094 a conduction system disorder AE that results in an abnormal accessory electrical conduction pathway between the atria and ventricles SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001206/ 10048015 wolff-parkinson-white syndrome AE CTCAE: E10244 NCIt: C35132 a wound AE that has an outcome of complication to the wound SZ, SS, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wound 10053692 wound complication AE CTCAE: E12057 NCIt: C78719 a wound AE that has an outcome of a wound breaking open along the surgical sutures SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/wound+dehiscence 10048031 wound dehiscence AE CTCAE: E12063 NCIt: C50863 A wound AE that has an outcome of secretions or pus produced by damaged tissue particles and repairing mechanisms intitiated by the body SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2815962 10048629 wound secretion AE an abnormal vision AEthat results in the patient seeing a predominance of yellow in their vision SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/xanthopsia 10048216 xanthopsia AE HPO: HP_0000551 SIDER: C0221185 an immune system disorder AE that results in a fungal infection of the sinuses, brain, or lungs that occurs in some people with a weakened immune system SZ, SS, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001672/ 10061418 zygomycosis AE A cardiomyopathy AE that has an outcome of a heart failure with left ventricular dilatation resulting from ischemic heart disease. YH, SS ischaemic cardiomyopathy AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ischemic+cardiomyopathy 10048858 ischemic cardiomyopathy AE A surgery that is a procedure performed on the jaw YH, SS 10059242 jaw operation An adverse event that is a chronic neurological disorder caused by the brain's inability to regulate sleep-wake cycles normally. YL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narcolepsy YL narcolepsy AE A medical intervention that is a life-support system designed to replace or support normal ventilatory lung function YH, SS WEB: www.medscape.com/resource/mechanical-ventilation 10067221 mechanical ventilation An inflammation AE that has an outcome of tissue swelling and other inflammatory response in the mouth YH, SS oral mucositis 10028116 10028130 mucosal inflammation AE CTCAE: E10872 NCIt: C26887 A systematic adverse event that has an outcome of failure in mulitple organs YH, SS 10028154 multi-organ failure AE CTCAE: E11155 NCIt: C75568 Pleomorphic rash AE is rash AE that is a rash characterized by many-formed. JX, LW, YH 多形性皮疹 pleomorphic rash AE A bone disorder AE that has an outcome of the weakening or brittle bone YH, SS, MW WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/osteoporosis/DS00128 10031282 osteoporosis AE CTCAE:E12508 HPO: HP_0000939 NCIt:C3298 SIDER: C0029456 A groupd of disroders where the genetic susceptibility plays an important role to the seletctive susceptibility to poorly pathogenic mycobacterial species such as bacille Calmette-Guérin and environmental mycobacteria. MSMD http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20718793 YL Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease A cardiomyopathy AE that has an outcome of a condition that the heart cannot relax normally during the time between heartbeats when the blood returns from the body (diastole). YH, SS infiltrative cardiomyopathy WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000189.htm 10038748 restrictive cardiomyopathy AE CTCAE: E10192 NCIt: C62798 A medical intervention that has an outcome of the transplant of stem cells into the body YH, SS 10063581 stem cell transplant an adverse event causality evidence that comes from a controlled clincal trial In a controlled clinical trial, outcomes are compared in subjects who are allocated by the investigator to receive or not receive a medical intervention. YH Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 30. adverse event causality evidence from controlled clinical trial A medical intervention that has an outcome of an intersion of a tube into the body YH, SS 10048561 stent placement A cardiomyopathy AE that is a temporary heart condition brought on by stressful situations, such as the death of a loved one. People with broken heart syndrome may have sudden chest pain or think they're having a heart attack. These broken heart syndrome symptoms may be brought on by the heart's reaction to a surge of stress hormones. In broken heart syndrome, a part of your heart temporarily enlarges and doesn't pump well, while the remainder of the heart functions normally or with even more forceful contractions. YH, SS takotsubo cardiomyopathy, broken heart syndrome, stress-induced cardiomyopathy, apical ballooning syndrome WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/broken-heart-syndrome/DS01135/METHOD=print 10066286 stress cardiomyopathy AE A medical intervention that has an outcome of an extraction of the tooth YH, SS 10062132 tooth extraction A skin adverse event that has an outcome of an eruption caused by ingestion, injection, inhalation, or insertion of a drug, often a result of allergic sensitization. Also called dermatitis medicamentosa, dermatosis medicamentosa, drug rash YH, SS dermatitis medicamentosa, dermatosis medicamentosa, drug rash WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/drug+eruption 10057970 toxic skin eruption AE An arrythmia AE that has an outcome of a severely abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia) that can be life-threatening. YH, SS VF WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0004467/ 10047290 ventricular fibrillation AE CTCAE: E10236 HPO: HP_0001663 NCIt: C50799 SIDER: C0042510 an atrioventricular block AE that there is some prolongation of AV conduction time (PR interval). The heart's electrical signals are slowed as they move from the atria to the ventricles (the heart's upper and lower chambers, respectively). This results in a longer, flatter line between the P and the R waves on the EKG (electrocardiogram). SS atrioventricular block first degree first degree heart block WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=10751 WEB: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health//dci/Diseases/hb/hb_types.html 10003674 first degree atrioventricular block AE CTCAE: E10098 NCIt: C62015 A medical intervention that has an outcome of the removal of dead, damaged, dying or infected tissue. The human body is capable of (autolytic) debridement for small wounds, but for large wounds, medical procedures are necessary. YH, SS surgical debridement, enzymatic debridement, autolytic debridement, mechanical debridement WEB: http://surgery.about.com/od/glossaryofsurgicalterms/g/Debridement.htm 10048030 wound debridement A thyroiditis AE that shows a self-limited thyroid condition associated with a triphasic clinical course of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and return to normal thyroid function. YL, YH SAT painless thyroiditis AE silent thyroiditis AE http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/125648-overview https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subacute_lymphocytic_thyroiditis subacute thyroiditis AE Macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF) is a rare inflammatory muscle disorder characterized by a characteristic infiltration of muscle tissue by PAS-positive macrophages, which is caused by pathological persistence of vaccine-derived aluminium hydroxide. The diagnosis can only be established by an open muscle biopsy from the muscle that was used for intramuscular vaccination. YL MMF http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14593574 YL macrophagic myofasciitis AE BCG infection following BCG injection. It is often related with the vaccinee's immunodeficiency. YL YL disseminated BCG infection AE An adverse event that is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. YL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autism autism AE HPO: HP_0000717 SIDER: C0004352 an adverse event that is a type of encephalitis triggered by vaccination. Autoimmune Encephalitis may be triggered by infection in which case the term "Post-infectious Encephalitis" is used. ADEM( Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ) is a Post-infectious Encephalitis. The illness usually follows in the wake of a mild viral infection (such as those that cause rashes in childhood) or immunisations. Typically there is a delay of days to two to three weeks between the triggering infection and development of the encephalitis. It has recently been recognised that there are other types of Autoimmune Encephalitis resulting from an attack of the brain by the body's immune system. Some of these types of autoimmune encephalitis are identified by finding a specific antibody in blood. These conditions include Potassium channel complex antibody associated encephalitis, NMDAR and Hashimoto's encephalitis. http://www.encephalitis.info/information/the-illness/types-of-autoimmune-encephalitis/ YL autoimmune encephalitis AE an injection-site AE that display an redness in the injection-site YH injection-site redness AE a sensory capability AE that shows up skin tenderness and occurs in an injection site of a medical intervention YH 10043224 injection-site tenderness AE YH a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of arm motion limitation arm motion limitation AE a sensory capability AE that shows up muscular soreness at the injection site of a medical intervention YH 10028332 injection-site muscular soreness AE a sleep disorder AE that shows up sleepiness (Sluggish from sleep, inactive, quiet). YH 10041014 sleepiness AE an adverse event that occurs in brain. YH brain disorder AE brain AE a hypersensitivity AE that is mild. YH mild hypersensitivity AE YH an injection-site edema AE that occurs in the arm. injection-site arm edema AE a psychiatric disorder AE that shows restlessness YH, MW WEB: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/restlessness 10038743 restlessness AE CTCAE:E12960 NCIt:C74533 UMLS_CUI: C0085631 a sensory capability AE that results in a sensation of induration with tenderness. YH induration with tenderness AE a sensory capability AE that results in a sensation of fussiness YH fussiness AE a sleep disorder AE that shows decreased sleep YH decreased sleep AE a sleep disorder AE that shows increased sleep YH increased sleep AE a pain AE that occurs at a joint YH joint pain AE Tiredness AE is a sensory capability AE that results in a sensation of tiredness. This term appears to be a synonym to the 'fatigue AE'. JX, LW, YH hypodynamia AE 疲劳/乏力 10043890 tiredness AE nasal discomfort AE is a respiratory system AE that shows a discomfort from the nose YH nasal discomfort AE HPO: HP_0010640 SIDER: C0858259 an adverse event causal associate score that represents a statatical P-value to address the causal adverse event hypothesis. YH adverse event causality P-value a data item that represents a statistic to summarize the extent to which a particular adverse event is observed for individuals taking a specific medical intervention (e.g., a drug), compared to the frequency at which the same adverse event occurs for patients taking some other intervention (e.g., other drug or any drug in a specified class of drugs). The PRR will typically be calculated using a surveillance database in which reports of adverse events from a variety of drugs are recorded. YH PRR WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11828828 proportional reporting ratio an adverse event causality P-value that is calculated out of a specific Chi-square test. YH P-value of adverse event causality Chi-square test a data item that represents a threshold cutoff for filtering out those adverse event case reports that are unlikely important for a specific AE study. This is applied to the analysis of AE case resport data in an AE case reporting system such as FAERS or VAERS. YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23209624 adverse event filtering cutoff A data item that is defined as the number of patients realized with an adverse event beginning in an interval or continuing from a previous interval divided by the number of patients taking the same medical intervention within that interval. The prevalence thus indicates the number of events that began and persisted over time. AG, YH WEB: http://www.crilifetree.com/pdfs/drug-safety/long-term-safety-study-of-morphine-sulfate-and-naltrexone-hydrochloride.pdf AE prevalence rate an imaging investigation result abnormal AE that is indicated by an abnormal result of a procedure in which radio waves and a powerful magnet linked to a computer are used to create detailed pictures of areas inside the body EB 10029816 nuclear magnetic resonance imaging result abnormal AE a computerized tomography abnormal AE that is an imaging method that uses x-rays to create pictures of cross-sections of the body using a dye, called oral contrast, that shows up on the CT images to help better define internal organs EB computerised tomogram with contrast abnormal AE computerized tomogram with contrast abnormal AE a computerized tomography abnormal AE that is an imaging method that uses x-rays to create pictures of cross-sections of the body EB computerised tomogram without contrast abnormal AE computerized tomogram without contrast abnormal AE an investigation result abnormal AE that involves an abnormal result of an investigation involving the cardiovascular system EB, YH 10007512 cardiovascular investigation result abnormal AE an atrioventricular block AE that some but not all atrial impulses fail to reach the ventricles, thus some ventricular beats are dropped. Electrical signals between the atria and ventricles are slowed to a large degree. Some signals don't reach the ventricles. On an EKG, the pattern of QRS waves doesn't follow each P wave as it normally would. SS atrioventricular block second degree second degree heart block WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=10751 WEB: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health//dci/Diseases/hb/hb_types.html 10003677 second degree atrioventricular block AE a cardiac and vascular investigation result abnormal AE that is an abnormal result of a test that uses sound waves to create a moving picture of the heart EB 10061593 echocardiogram result abnormal AE an investigation result abnormal AE that involves an abnormal electrolyte value EB 10047843 electrolyte lab test abnormal AE an electrolyte lab test abnormal AE that shows an abnormal blood phosphorus level EB 10054823 blood phosphorus abnormal AE A physical quality that has an increased level of phosphate in the blood EB, YH, MW 10050196 blood phosphorus increased HPO: HP_0002905 SIDER: C0919625 an atrioventricular block AE that complete atrioventricular dissociation occurs; atria and ventricles beat independently. None of the electrical signals reach the ventricles. This type also is called complete heart block or complete AV block. When complete heart block occurs, special areas in the ventricles may create electrical signals to cause the ventricles to contract. This natural backup system is slower than the normal heart rate and isn't coordinated with the contraction of the atria. On an EKG, the normal pattern is disrupted. The P waves occur at a faster rate that isn't coordinated with the QRS waves. SS atrioventricular block complete complete heart block third degree atrioventricular block third degree heart block WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=10751 WEB: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health//dci/Diseases/hb/hb_types.html 10003673 complete atrioventricular block AE CTCAE: E10093 NCIt: C50501 an electrolyte lab test abnormal AE that results in an abnormal level of potassium in the blood EB 10005722 blood potassium abnormal AE HPO: HP_0011042 SIDER: C0853759 a physical quality where the blood potassium level is increased. EB, YH, MW hyperkalemia AE 10005725 blood potassium increased HPO: HP_0002513 SIDER: C0853760 an electrolyte lab test abnormal AE that results in an abnormal level of sodium in the blood EB 10005800 blood sodium abnormal AE A physical quality that has an increased level of sodium in the blood EB, YH, MW 10005803 blood sodium increased HPO: HP_0003228 SIDER: C0595878 an electrolyte lab test abnormal AE that results in an abnormal level of magnesium in the blood EB 10005652 blood magnesium abnormal AE A physical quality that has an increased level of magnesium in the blood EB, YH, MW 10005655 blood magnesium increased an electrolyte lab test abnormal AE that results in an abnormal level of chloride in the blood EB 10005417 blood chloride abnormal AE A physical quality that has an increased level of chloride in the blood EB 10005420 blood chloride increased an electrolyte lab test abnormal AE that results in an abnormal level of calcium in the blood EB 10005393 blood calcium abnormal AE A physical quality that has an increased level of calcium in the blood EB, YH, MW 10005396 blood calcium increased an investigation result abnormal AE that involves the renal and urinary tract and urinalyses EB, YH renal and urinary tract investigation and urinalysis result abnormal AE renal system investigation result abnormal AE 10038362 urinary system investigation result abnormal AE a urinary system investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal level of creatinine in the blood EB 10005481 blood creatinine level abnormal AE a urinary system investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal level of urea in the blood EB 10005846 blood urea level abnormal AE an investigation result abnormal AE that involves an abnormal result of a lipid analyses EB 10024580 lipid analysis result abnormal AE a lipid analysis result abnormal AE that results in an abnormal blood cholesterol level EB 10005423 blood cholesterol abnormal AE a blood cholesterol abnormal AE that results in a decreased amount of cholesterol in the blood EB 10005424 blood cholesterol decreased AE a lipid analysis result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal amount of high density lipoprotein EB 10020051 high density lipoprotein abnormal AE a high density lipoprotein abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased amount of high density lipoprotein EB 10020061 high density lipoprotein increased AE a high density lipoprotein abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased amount of high density lipoprotein EB 10020060 high density lipoprotein decreased AE HPO: HP_0003233 SIDER: C0151691 a lipid analysis result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal amount of low density lipoprotein EB 10024901 low density lipoprotein abnormal AE a low density lipoprotein abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased amount of low density lipoprotein EB 10024910 low density lipoprotein increased AE HPO: HP_0003141 SIDER: C0549399 a low density lipoprotein abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased amount of low density lipoprotein EB 10024909 low density lipoprotein decreased AE a lipid analysis result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal amount of triglycerides in the blood EB 10005837 blood triglycerides abnormal AE a blood triglycerides abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased amount of triglycerides in the blood EB 10005839 blood triglycerides increased AE HPO: HP_0002155 SIDER: C0853692 a blood triglycerides abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased amount of triglycerides in the blood EB 10005838 blood triglycerides decreased AE an investigation result abnormal AE that involves an abnormal result for an immunology and allergy investigation EB 10021505 immunology and allergy investigation result abnormal AE a second degree atrioventricular block AE that the electrical signals are delayed more and more with each heartbeat, until the heart skips a beat. On the EKG, the delay is shown as a line (called the PR interval) between the P and QRS waves. The line gets longer and longer until the QRS waves don't follow the next P wave. MedDRA: 10050797 is a LLT for type I second degree atrioventricular block MedDRA (LLT): 10047909 exists for Wenckebach phenomeono MedDRA (LLT): 10047908 exists for Wenchebach MedDRA (LLT): 10027787 for Mobit type I SS, MW, YH Mobitz type 1 block Wenckebach Phenomenon Wenckebach's block type 1 second degree atrioventricular block type I second degree atrioventricular block WEB: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hb/types 10027787 10047908 10047909 10050797 Mobitz type I block AE CTCAE: E10146 NCIt: C62017 an immunology and allergy investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by antibodies for epstein barr virus being detected EB 10056906 Epstein-Barr virus antibody positive AE an immunology and allergy investigations result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal microbiology and serology investigation EB 10027529 microbiology and serology investigation result abnormal AE a microbiology and serology investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by a positive CSF culture EB 10011529 CSF culture positive AE an investigation result abnormal AE that involves an abnormal result of a metabolic and nutritional investigation EB 10027432 metabolic and nutritional investigation result abnormal AE a metabolic and nutritional investigation result abnormal AE that is charaterized by an abnormal glycosylated hemoglobin level EB 10055587 glycosylated hemoglobin level abnormal AE a glycosylated hemoglobin level abnormal AE that is charaterized by an increased glycosylated hemoglobin level EB 10055587 glycosylated hemoglobin level increased AE This is an AE which is a symptom associated with both non-serious and serious medical issues. a metabolic and nutritional investigation result abnormal AE that is charaterized by an abnormal blood folate level EB QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_pain 腹挤压伤 10000044 10005525 abdomen crushing AE blood folate level abnormal AE a blood folate abnormal AE that is charaterized by an increased blood folate level EB 10005528 blood folate level increased AE a metabolic and nutritional investigation result abnormal AE that is charaterized by an abnormal blood glucose level EB 10005554 blood glucose level abnormal AE a metabolic and nutritional investigation result abnormal AE that is charaterized by an abnormal blood homocysteine EB 10049735 blood homocysteine level abnormal AE a blood homocysteine level abnormal AE that is charaterized by a decreased blood homocysteine EB 10049734 blood homocysteine level decreased AE a metabolic and nutritional investigation result abnormal AE that is charaterized by an abnormal blood uric acid level EB 10061727 blood uric acid level abnormal AE a blood uric acid level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased blood uric acid EB 10005860 blood uric acid level decreased AE a metabolic and nutritional investigation result abnormal AE that is charaterized by an abnormal vitamin B12 level EB 10062187 vitamin B12 level abnormal AE a vitamin B12 level abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased vitamin B12 level EB 10047610 vitamin B12 level increased AE a vitamin B12 level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased vitamin B12 level EB 10047608 vitamin B12 level decreased AE a metabolic and nutritional investigation result abnormal AE that is charaterized by an abnormal brain natriuretic peptide level EB 10053408 brain natriuretic peptide level abnormal AE a brain natriuretic peptide level abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased brain natriuretic peptide level EB 10053405 brain natriuretic peptide level increased AE a brain natriuretic peptide level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased brain natriuretic peptide level EB 10053407 brain natriuretic peptide level decreased AE a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that involves an abnormal result of the oxygen and carbon dioxide content of arterial blood, measured by various methods to assess the adequacy of ventilation and oxygenation and the acid-base status of the body EB, SJ WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/arterial+blood+gas WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003855.htm 10005539 10027432 blood gases abnormal AE may be a result of lung, kidney, or metablolic diseases or the result of abnormal breathing after a head or neck injur blood gas investigation result abnormal AE a blood gas investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal amount of carbon dioxide in the blood EB WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003469.htm 10064156 carbon dioxide abnormal AE a carbon dioxide abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased carbon dioxide level in the blood EB 10007225 carbon dioxide increased AE HPO: HP_0005972 SIDER: C0860713 a blood gas investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal acidity or alkalinity of blood EB WEB: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=10001 10005705 blood pH abnormal AE a blood pH abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased blood pH EB 10005708 blood pH increased AE This is an AE which is the protrusion of contents of the abdomen through a defect or weakness in the abdominal wall. a blood pH abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased blood pH EB QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eventration 疝腹脏突出 10005706 10057391 blood pH decreased AE hernial eventration AE an adverse event causality evidence that comes from the combined evidence sources YH Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 28. adverse event causality evidence from combined sources a blood gas investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal oxygen saturation in the blood EB 10033317 oxygen saturation abnormal AE an oxygen saturation abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased percentage of hemoglobin binding sites in the bloodstream occupied by oxygen EB 10033320 oxygen saturation increased AE a blood gas investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal carbon dioxide partial pressure or tension in the blood EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/PCO2 10058982 PCO2 abnormal AE a PCO2 abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased carbon dioxide partial pressure or tension in the blood EB 10034183 PCO2 increased AE a pPCO2 abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased carbon dioxide partial pressure or tension in the blood EB 10034181 PCO2 decreased AE This is an AE which is most commonly caused by abdominal surgical procedures and the adhesions start to form within hours of surgery and may cause internal organs to attach to other organs in the abdominal cavity. a blood gas investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal oxygen partial pressure in the blood EB QY, JX, HY WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/PO2 http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adhesion_(medicine)#Abdominal_adhesions 腹部粘连 10000050 10062087 PO2 abnormal AE abdominal adhesions AE a PO2 abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased oxygen partial pressure in the blood EB 10035769 PO2 increased AE a PO2 abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased oxygen partial pressure in the blood EB 10035768 PO2 decreased AE an investigation result abnormal AE that results from an abnormal toxicology screen EB 10044260 toxicology drug screen result abnormal AE a toxicology drug screen result abnormal AE that is characterized by positive barbiturates EB 10063230 barbiturates positive AE a toxicology drug screen result abnormal AE that is characterized by positive cocaine EB 10063230 cocaine positive AE a second degree atrioventricular block AE that some of the electrical signals don't reach the ventricles. However, the pattern is less regular than it is in Mobitz type I. Some signals move between the atria and ventricles normally, while others are blocked. On an EKG, the QRS wave follows the P wave at a normal speed. Sometimes, though, the QRS wave is missing (when a signal is blocked). SS, YH, MW Mobitz (type) II atrioventricular block AE Mobitz type 2 block type 2 second degree atrioventricular block type II second degree atrioventricular block WEB: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health//dci/Diseases/hb/hb_types.html 10027786 10050798 Mobitz type II block AE CTCAE: E10140 NCIt: C62018 a toxicology drug screen result abnormal AE that is characterized by increased urine cannabinoids EB 10062228 urine cannabinoids increased AE an investigation result abnormal AE that involves an abnormal result of a neurological, special senses and psychiatric investigation EB neurological, special senses and psychiatric investigation result abnormal AE 10029295 behavioral and neurological test abnormal AE an investigation result abnormal AE resulting from an abnormal physical examination finding EB 10062078 10071940 physical examination result abnormal AE an investigation result abnormal AE that involves an abnormal result of an investigation related to chromosomal abnormalities and pathologic conditions EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Cytogenetic+analysis 10011822 cytogenetic investigation result abnormal AE an investigation result abnormal AE that involves an abnormal respiratory and pulmonary investigation EB 10038668 respiratory and pulmonary investigation result abnormal AE an investigation result abnormal AE that involves an abnormal result of an endocrine investigation EB 10014706 endocrine investigation result abnormal AE an adverse event causality evidence that comes from a randomized controlled clincal trial where a medical intervention is conducted in a random fashion In a controlled clinical trial, outcomes are compared in subjects who are allocated by the investigator to receive or not receive a medical intervention. YH Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 30. adverse event causality evidence from randomized clinical trial an endocrine investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal blood parathyroid hormone level EB 10005700 blood parathyroid hormone level abnormal AE a blood parathyroid hormone level abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased blood parathyroid hormone level EB 10005703 blood parathyroid hormone increased AE an endocrine investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal tri-iodothyronine level EB 10044592 tri-iodothyronine level abnormal AE a tri-iodothyronine level abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased tri-iodothyronine level EB 10044596 tri-iodothyronine increased AE an investigation result abnormal AE that involves an abnormal protein and chemistry analysis result EB 10037000 protein and chemistry analysis result abnormal AE a protein and chemistry analysis result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal blood albumin level EB 10005286 blood albumin level abnormal AE a blood albumin level abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased blood albumin level EB 10005288 blood albumin level increased AE a protein and chemistry analysis result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal c-reactive protein level EB 10068559 c-reactive protein level abnormal AE a c-reactive protein level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased c-reactive protein level EB 10049220 c-reactive protein level decreased AE This is an AE which occurs when the abdomen becomes subject to increased pressure reaching past the point of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH). a protein total abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased protein total EB QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_compartment_syndrome 腹腔间室综合征 10037016 10058808 abdominal compartment syndrome AE protein total increased AE a protein total abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased protein total EB 10037014 protein total decreased AE a cardiac and vascular investigation result abnormal AE that involves an abnormal result from a test using a radioactive tracer (called a radionuclide) and a special camera to take pictures of your heart as it pumps blood EB WEB: http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HeartAttack/SymptomsDiagnosisofHeartAttack/Radionuclide-Ventriculography-or-Radionuclide-Angiography-MUGA-Scan_UCM_446354_Article.jsp 10028146 MUGA scan result abnormal AE a cardiac function test abnormal AE that shows an abnormal result on a cardiac stress test. EB, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Stress+Test WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiology_diagnostic_tests_and_procedures 10055014 cardiac stress test result abnormal AE an investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal result of an enzyme investigation EB 10014938 enzyme investigation result abnormal AE a blood creatine phosphokinase level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased blood creatine phosphokinase EB 10067760 blood creatine phosphokinase level decreased AE an investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal result of a hematology investigation EB MedDRA: 10057755 haematology investigation abnormal AE 10018851 hematology investigation result abnormal AE a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that results in an abnormal red blood cell profile EB 20000029 red blood cell profile abnormal AE a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal white blood cell profile EB 20000030 white blood cell profile abnormal AE a white blood cell profile abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal percentage of neutrophils EB 10058134 neutrophil percentage abnormal AE a neutrophil percentage abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased percentage of neutrophils EB 10052223 neutrophil percentage decreased AE a white blood cell profile abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal basophil count EB 10060978 basophil count abnormal AE a basophil count abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased basophil count EB 10004167 basophil count decreased AE a white blood cell profile abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal eosinophil percentage EB 10058133 eosinophil percentage abnormal AE an eosinophil percentage abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased eosinophil percentage EB 10052221 eosinophil percentage decreased AE a white blood cell profile abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal leukocyte cell number EB leukocyte cell number abnormal AE a white blood cell profile abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal granulocyte count EB 10018678 granulocyte count abnormal AE a granulocyte count abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased granulocyte count EB 10018683 granulocyte count increased AE a white blood cell profile abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal lymphocyte cell number EB 10025252 lymphocyte count abnormal AE a white blood cell profile abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal lymphocyte percentage EB lymphocyte percentage abnormal AE a white blood cell profile abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal monocyte percentage EB 10067238 monocyte percentage abnormal AE This is an AE which is the abnormal exit of tissue or an organ, such as the bowel, through the wall of the cavity in which it normally resides. a monoctyte percentage abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased monocyte percentage EB QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hernia#Individual_hernias 腹疝 10052229 10060954 abdominal hernia AE monocyte percentage decreased AE an enzyme investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal blood lactate dehydrogenase level EB 10005627 blood lactate dehydrogenase level abnormal AE a blood lactate dehydrogenase level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased blood lactate dehydrogenase EB 10005629 blood lactate dehydrogenase level decreased AE an enzyme investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal troponin level EB troponin level abnormal AE an enzyme investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal muscle enzyme level EB muscle enzyme level abnormal AE a muscle enzyme level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased muscle enzyme level EB 10057952 muscle enzyme level decreased AE an enzyme investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal myoglobin level in the blood EB myoglobin blood abnormal AE a myoglobin blood abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased myoglobin level in the blood EB 10028625 myoglobin blood increased AE a myoglobin blood abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased myoglobin level in the blood 10059940 myoglobin blood decreased AE an investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal result of a gastrointestinal investigation EB 10017971 gastrointestinal investigation result abnormal AE a gastrointestinal investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal blood amylase level EB 10054822 blood amylase level abnormal AE a blood amylase level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased blood amylase level EB 10005327 blood amylase level decreased AE a gastrointestinal investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal lipase level EB 10054821 lipase level abnormal AE a lipase level abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased lipase level EB 10024574 lipase level increased AE a lipase level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased lipase level EB 10024573 lipase level decreased AE an investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal liver related investigation result EB 20000008 liver related investigation result abnormal AE a liver related investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal level of transaminases EB 10062688 transaminase level abnormal AE a transaminase level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased level of transaminases EB 10054795 transaminase level decreased AE a liver related investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal aspartate aminotransferase level EB 10003477 aspartate aminotransferase level abnormal AE an aspartate aminotransferase level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased aspartate aminotransferase level EB 10003479 aspartate aminotransferase level decreased AE a gamma-glutamyltransferase level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased gamma-glutamyltransferase level EB 10017690 gamma-glutamyltransferase level decreased AE a blood bilirubin level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased blood bilirubin level EB 10049869 blood bilirubin level decreased AE an investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal result of an imaging investigation EB 10022893 imaging investigation result abnormal AE a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal blood thromboplastin level EB 10005824 blood thromboplastin level abnormal AE a blood thromboplastin level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased blood thromboplastin level EB 10005826 blood thromboplastin level decreased AE a hematology investigations result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal coagulation factor v level EB 10061771 coagulation factor v level abnormal AE a coagulation factor v level abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased coagulation factor v level EB 10009756 coagulation factor v level increased AE a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal prothrombin level EB 10037048 prothrombin level abnormal AE a prothrombin level abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased prothrombin level EB 10037051 prothrombin level increased AE HPO: HP_0003645 SIDER: C0151872 a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal prothrombin time EB 10037057 prothrombin time abnormal AE a prothrombin time abnormal AE that is characterized by a shortened prothrombin time EB 10037070 prothrombin time shortened AE a full blood count abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased full blood count EB 10052239 full blood count increased AE a red blood cell profile abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal red blood cell count EB 10038151 red blood cell count abnormal AE a red blood cell count abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased red blood cell count EB 10038155 red blood cell count increased AE a red blood cell profile abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal hematocrit EB 10057763 hematocrit abnormal AE a hematocrit abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased hematocrit EB 10019424 hematocrit increased AE a hemoglobin level abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased hemoglobin level EB 10055599 hemoglobin level increased AE CTCAE: E12171 NCIt: C78333 a red blood cell profile abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal mean corpuscular volume EB 10027009 mean corpuscular volume abnormal AE a mean corpuscular volume abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased mean corpuscular volume EB 10051859 mean corpuscular volume increased AE a mean corpuscular volume abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased mean corpuscular volume EB 10051858 mean corpuscular volume decreased AE a red blood cell profile abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal mean cell hemoglobin level EB mean cell hemoglobin level abnormal AE a mean cell hemoglobin level abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased mean cell hemoglobin level EB 10055622 mean cell hemoglobin level increased AE a mean cell hemoglobin level abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased mean cell hemoglobin level EB 10055621 mean cell hemoglobin level decreased AE a red blood cell profile abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal mean cell hemoglobin concentration EB 10067730 mean cell hemoglobin concentration abnormal AE a mean cell hemoglobin concentration abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased mean cell hemoglobin concentration EB 10026992 mean cell hemoglobin concentration increased AE a mean cell hemoglobin concentration abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased mean cell hemoglobin concentration EB 10026991 mean cell hemoglobin concentration decreased AE a conduction system disorder that refers to abnormalities in SN impulse formation and propagation and includes sinus bradycardia, sinus pause/arrest, chronotropic incompetence, and sinoatrial exit block. SS SND sinus node dysfunction WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/158064-overview sinoatrial node dysfunction AE a coronary artery disorder AE that takes place in or is related to the coronary inside the heart Even though 'coronary disorder AE' seems to be a more general term of 'coronary artery disorder AE' that should place 'coronary disorder AE' as a parent of 'coronary artery disorder AE', KB's comment from clinical perspective is that these two terms are synonymous in practice, and coronary disorder almost always means coronary artery disorder. If 'coronary disorder AE' gets picked up from reports, it is a generalized term of 'coronary artery disorder AE'; and thereofore, we created a place holder for this term under 'coronary artery disorder AE' SS coronary disorder AE a myocardial infarction AE in which the inferior wall of the heart is involved. It is often caused by occlusion of the right coronary artery. SS myocardial infarction, inferior wall AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/?term=inferior+wall+myocardial+infarction inferior wall myocardial infarction AE a myocardial infarction AE in which the anterior wall of the heart is involved. Anterior wall myocardial infarction is often caused by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. It can be categorized as anteroseptal or anterolateral wall myocardial infarction. SS myocardial infarction, anterior wall AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/?term=anterior+wall+myocardial+infarction anterior wall myocardial infarction AE a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal blast cell count EB blast cell count abnormal AE a blast cell count abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased blast cell count EB 10062275 blast cell count decreased AE a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal platelet count EB 10035526 platelet count abnormal AE HPO: HP_0011873 SIDER: C0580317 a platelet count abnormal AE that is characterized by an increased platelet count SZ, SS, YH, EB WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/thrombocytosis 10051608 platelet count increased AE a white blood cell profile abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormal eosinophil count EB 10061125 eosinophil count abnormal AE an eosinophil count abnormal AE that is characterized by a decreased eosinophil count EB 10014943 eosinophil count decreased AE a hypertension AE that is characterized by high blood pressure in the systemic arteries - the vessels that carry blood from the heart to the body's tissues (other than the lungs). SS WEB: http://www.pted.org/?id=syshypertension1 systemic hypertension AE a hypotension AE that has an outcome of a decrease in the amount of pressure the heart generates when pumping blood through arteries to the rest of the body SS WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/low-blood-pressure/DS00590/DSECTION=causes 10005758 blood pressure systolic decreased AE HPO: HP_0006673 SIDER: C0277885 a cardiac valve disease AE that is characterized by an impaired function of a papillary muscle, usually due to ischemia or infarction, with resulting incompetence of the mitral (rarely tricuspid) valve. SS papillary muscle dysfunction papillary muscle syndrome WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/papillary+muscle+dysfunction 10061330 papillary muscle disorder AE a hypertension AE that has an outcome of an increase in the amount of pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats SS WEB: http://www.webmd.com/hypertension-high-blood-pressure/guide/diastolic-and-systolic-blood-pressure-know-your-numbers 10005739 blood pressure diastolic increased AE HPO: HP_0005117 SIDER: C0277889 a hypertension AE that has an outcome of an increase in the amount of pressure the heart generates when pumping blood through arteries to the rest of the body SS WEB: http://www.webmd.com/hypertension-high-blood-pressure/guide/diastolic-and-systolic-blood-pressure-know-your-numbers 10005760 blood pressure systolic increased AE HPO: HP_0004421 SIDER: C0277884 a cardiac ventricular disorder AE that is a condition in nwhich the right ventricle of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to heart failure or myocardial infarction, and other cardiovascular complicationns. SS WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/?term=right%20ventricular%20dysfunction 10058597 right ventricular dysfunction AE CTCAE: E10196 NCIt: C50733 an arrhythmia AE that is characterized by a premature contraction of the ventricle SS infranodal extrasystoles AE WEB: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/ventricular+extrasystole 10047289 ventricular extrasystoles AE HPO: HP_0006696 SIDER: C0151636 an embolism disorder AE that is a result of an obstruction in a cardiac vessel due to a blood clot or other foreign matters SS heart embolism AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Heart+embolism cardiac embolism AE a vascular disorder AE that is characterized by an obstruction in a blood vessel due to a blood clot or other foreign matter that gets stuck while traveling through the bloodstream. SS WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/embolism 栓塞 10014523 embolism AE HPO: HP_0001907 SIDER: C0013922 an adverse event causity that represents a retrodictrive causal relation between an adverse event and a medical intervention. Specifically, it addresses this question: given an individual who has received a medical intervention and developed the adverse event, was the event caused by the medical intervention? YH retrodictive causality of adverse event Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 20. retrodictive AE causality an arrhythmia AE that results in extra, abnormal heartbeats that begin in one of the heart's two lower pumping chambers (ventricles). These extra beats disrupt the regular heart rhythm, sometimes causing the patient to feel a flip-flop or skipped beat in the chest. SS PVCs WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/premature-ventricular-contractions/DS00949 10036614 premature ventricular contractions AE a cardiac valve disease AE that is charaterized by the backflow of blood from the pulmonary artery into the right ventricle, owing to imperfect functioning of the pulmonary valve SS pulmonic incompetence AE WEB: http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/medical/pulmonary_valve_incompetence.htm 10037448 pulmonary valve incompetence AE HPO: HP_0010444 SIDER: C0034088 a cardiac vavle disease AE that is characterized by a congenital heart defect in which blood flow from the heart to the pulmonary artery is blocked SS pulmonic stenosis AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Pulmonary+Valve+Stenosis 10037450 pulmonary valve stenosis AE a vasculitis AE that is an inflammation specific to an artery or arteries SS WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/arteritis 10003230 arteritis AE HPO: HP_0005291 SIDER: C0003860 a process quality that represents the level of severity of an adverse event. YH, SS AE severity severity of adverse event a vascular disorder AE that results in an abnormal widening or ballooning of a portion of an artery due to weakness in the wall of the blood vessel SS WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001122.htm 10002329 aneurysm AE HPO: HP_0002617 SIDER: C0002940 a vascular disorder that affects the veins or blood circulation of the veins SS venous disorder AE an aneurysm AE that results in the weakening of the balloon-like bulge that the blood pressure causes the artery wall to leak or burst SS SAH ruptured aneurysm AE subarachnoid hemorrhage AE WEB: http://www.mayfieldclinic.com/PE-AneurRupt.htm#.Uor4tI3QHh0 10048380 aneurysm ruptured AE HPO: HP_0002617 SIDER: C0162869 an aneurysm AE that refers to an aneurysm involving cardiac tissue. This most often occurs as a ventricular aneurysm following a myocardial infarction SS aneurysm of heart AE heart aneurysm AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19239694 10007513 cardiac aneurysm AE an aneurysm AE that occurs in the aorta SS WEB: http://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/tc/aortic-aneurysm-overview 10002882 aortic aneurysm AE HPO: HP_0004942 SIDER: C0003486 an aneurysm ruptured AE that occurs in the aorta SS ruptured aortic aneurysm AE 10002886 aortic aneurysm rupture AE HPO: HP_0002622 SIDER: C0741160 an aortic disorder AE in which there is a separation of the aorta walls. The small tear can become larger. It can lead to bleeding into and along the wall of the aorta, the major artery carrying blood out of the heart. SS WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000181.htm 10002895 aortic dissection AE HPO: HP_0004933 SIDER: C0340643 an aneurysm ruptured AE that occurs in the brain where blood spurts into the subarachnoid space under arterial pressure, continuing until increased local or generalized intracranial pressure stops the bleeding. SS WEB: http://ether.stanford.edu/library/neuroanesthesia/Journal%20Articles/Ruptured%20cerebral%20aneurysms.pdf WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15647574 10039330 ruptured cerebral aneurysm AE an aneurysm AE that occurs in the brain SS brain aneurysm AE cerebral aneurysm AE intracerebral aneurysm AE WEB: http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/cerebral_aneurysm/detail_cerebral_aneurysms.htm 10022758 intracranial aneurysm AE HPO: HP_0004944 SIDER: C0007766 a thrombosis AE that is a rare lesion and may be defined as a thrombosis of a vessel without any obvious underlying cause that occurs in the aorta SS WEB: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/17/5/941.full.pdf 10002910 aortic thrombosis AE an arterial thrombosis AE that is characterized by the occurrence of a thrombus in the carotid arteries (two large blood vessels that supply oxygenated blood to the large, front part of the brain) SS WEB: http://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/carotid-artery-disease-causes-symptoms-tests-and-treatment 10007688 carotid artery thrombosis AE an arterial embolism AE that occurs in the cerebral artery SS cerebral embolism AE embolic stroke AE thrombotic stroke AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cerebral+embolism 10008088 10014498 10043647 cerebral artery embolism AE an arterial thrombosis AE that occurs in the cerebral artery, also referred to as an embolism AE [SS] Per DRA and KKB's comment, this term may also be characterized as a type of embolism even though labeled thrombosis. cerebral thrombosis AE 10008092 10008132 cerebral artery thrombosis AE a venous thrombosis AE that is characterized by thrombosis of the venous channels in the brain. It is an uncommon cause of cerebral infarction relative to arterial disease, but it is an important consideration because of its potential morbidity. [SS] From http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cerebral+venous+thrombosis, Merwarth syndrome - progressive hemiplegia due to venous occlusion. Synonym(s): cerebral venous thrombosis SS WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1162804-overview 10008138 cerebral venous thrombosis AE a venous thrombosis AE that occurs when a blood clot forms in the brain’s venous sinuses that prevents blood from draining out of the brain. As a result, blood cells may break and leak blood into the brain tissues, forming a hemorrhage. SS CVST WEB: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/nervous_system_disorders/cerebral_venous_sinus_thrombosis_134,69/ 10061251 intracranial venous sinus thrombosis AE an embolism AE that is caused by a gas bubble that enters the vein [SS] The term 'gas embolism' is listed as a unique term, and not a superset or a synonym of 'air embolism' due to the different pathology reconized by physicians that air embolism is mostly recognized when an air bubble caused by IV or other injection device enters the vein, while a gas embolism is mostly caused by a gas bubble released as a product of an infection, or other devices such as nitrogen tank. SS gas embolilsm AE a thrombosis that is characterized by a clot that blocks blood flow a mesenteric vein, one of two veins through which blood leaves the intestine. The condition interrupts the blood supply to the intestine and can result in damage to the intestines. [SS] http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/193921-overview, Mesenteric venous thrombosis (also known as visceral venous thrombosis) is a rare but lethal form of mesenteric ischemia (see the image below). Antonio Hodgson first described mesenteric ischemia in the latter part of the 15th century. In 1895, Elliot first described mesenteric venous thrombosis as a cause of mesenteric ischemia. By the turn of the 19th century, many review articles and texts were describing the recent advances in the characterization and treatment of mesenteric ischemia, particularly venous thrombosis. In 1935, Warren and Eberhard reported that intestinal infarction resulted from ischemia due to venous thrombosis, and they reported a mortality rate of 34% in patients with venous thrombosis after resection. Unfortunately, despite improvements in therapy, this mortality rate still holds. SS mesenteric venous thrombosis AE visceral venous thrombosis AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001157.htm 10027402 mesenteric vein thrombosis AE a thrombosis AE that is an uncommon condition induced by thrombotic or nonthrombotic obstruction of hepatic venous outflow and characterized by hepatomegaly, ascites, and abdominal pain. SS WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/184430-overview 10006537 Budd-Chiari syndrome AE a thrombosis AE that occurs in the vein carrying the blood away from the retina [SS] The term 'retinal vein thrombosis' is listed as a different class from 'retinal vein occlusion' for the difference in the pathological process of how the blockage occurs in the vein. SS 10038908 retinal vein thrombosis AE an adverse event causity that represents a predictive causal relation between an adverse event and a medical intervention. Specifically, it addresses this question: will the next person who received a medical intervention will develop the adverse event? Or: how frequently will vaccine recipients experience the adverse event as a result of a medical intervention? YH predictive causality of adverse event Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnson RB. 1994. Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: Evidence bearing on causality. National Academy Press. Washing, D.C. Page 20. predictive AE causality an embolism AE that occurs in the artery. It is a sudden interruption of blood flow to an organ or body part due to a clot (embolus). SS embolism arterial AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001102.htm 10014513 arterial embolism AE a thrombosis AE* that is a result of when a blood vessel is obstructed by a blood clot (embolus) that has been carried in the bloodstream from the site of its formation. Thromboembolic disease includes both venous thromboembolism (VTE) and arterial thrombosis. VTE is an general term which refers to mainly two conditions: deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and its potentially fatal acute complication, pulmonary embolism (PE). Arterial embolism is a frequent complication in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and can lead to stroke or systemic embolism. * see editor note [SS] Per DRA and KKB's comment, this term is synonymous to venous thrombosis even though labeled embolism. Cross-reference is made via seeAlso. SS VTE embolism venous AE venous thromboembolism AE WEB: http://www.boehringer-ingelheim.com/products/prescription_medicines/thromboembolic_diseases.html 10014522 venous embolism AE OAE: 0001505 an embolism AE that is characterized by the obstruction of blood vessel by fat droplets SS WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/460524-overview#showall 10016246 fat embolism AE a embolism AE that is infected with bacteria containing pus SS septic embolism AE WEB: http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/153704.php 10040067 septic embolus AE a thrombosis AE that occurs in or may be caused by an implanted device in the body SS 10062546 thrombosis in device AE a thrombosis AE that is characterized by a pathological process involving thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia and microvascular occlusion SS TMA WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22802583 10043645 This term is obsolete since there is another term with the same name already. Oliver obsolete: thrombotic microangiopathy AE an arterial thrombosis AE that occurs in the limb(s) of the body SS 10003180 arterial thrombosis limb AE an inflammation AE that occurs in eye. YH, JX eye inflammation AE SS 10022104 injection site thrombosis AE a deep vein thrombosis AE that occurs in the pelvis. Ovarian vein thrombosis arises out of the coincident conditions of venous stasis and hypercoagulability, which are commonly present in the recently postpartum patient. SS ovarian vein thrombosis AE WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/404364-overview 10034272 pelvic venous thrombosis AE an embolism AE that is charaterized by a sudden blockage in a lung artery. The blockage usually is caused by a blood clot that travels to the lung from a vein in the leg. SS PE WEB: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/pe/ 10061340 peripheral embolism AE a thrombosis AE that occurs in subclavian vein. Among patients with effort-induced thrombosis with subclavian vein stenosis, the thrombosis occurs in the dominant arm in 80% of cases. SS WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/424777-overview#showall 10049446 subclavian vein thrombosis AE a thrombophlebitis AE that is characterized by an inflammation of a vein due to a blood clot in a vein located just below the skin's surface. YH: MedDRA: 10043595 is for "thrombophlebitis superficial"; MedDRA: 10042554 is for "superficial thrombophlebitis" SS, YH, MW thrombophlebitis superficial AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000199.htm 表在性血栓性静脈炎 superficial thrombophlebitis AE CTCAE: E13817 NCIt: C78634 UMLS CUI: C1510431 SS 10061408 venous thrombosis limb AE a thrombosis that is characterized by a blockage of the small veins that carry blood away from the retina. The retina is the layer of tissue at the back of the inner eye that converts light images to nerve signals and sends them to the brain. SS RVO WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007330.htm 10038907 retinal vein occlusion AE a thrombosis AE that occurs in the atrium (left or right) SS WEB: http://ehjcimaging.oxfordjournals.org/content/9/1/204.full 10048632 atrial thrombosis AE an arterial thrombosis AE that occurs in the coronary artery SS coronary embolism AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Coronary+embolism 10011084 10011091 coronary artery thrombosis AE a sleep apnea AE is a sleep disorder AE in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts. Basically, it is a crossproduct of sleep disorder AE and apnea AE. MW, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sleep-apnea/basics/definition/con-20020286 10040975 sleep apnea AE CTCAE: E13566 NCIt: C26884 a brain AE that occurs when flow of oxygen-rich blood to a portion of the brain is blocked JX, LW, YH cardiovascular accident AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroke WEB: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/ 中风 10042244 stroke AE CTCAE: E12826 NCIt: C3390 a stroke AE that occurs when a blood vessel that supplies the brain becomes blocked or "clogged" and impairs blood flow to part of the brain. SS ischaemic stroke AE WEB: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/nervous_system_disorders/types_of_stroke_85,P00813/ 10061256 ischemic stroke AE a stroke AE that occurs when a blood vessel that supplies the brain ruptures and bleeds causing the deficiency of oxygen and nutrients to brain cells and tissues SS haemorrhagic stroke AE WEB: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/nervous_system_disorders/types_of_stroke_85,P00813/ 10019016 hemorrhagic stroke AE a haemorrhagic stroke AE that is cuased by hypertension (high blood pressure), and bleeding occurs suddenly and rapidly. SS intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke AE WEB: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/nervous_system_disorders/types_of_stroke_85,P00813/ intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke AE a haemorrhagic stroke AE that is cuased by the bleeding (haemorrhage) between the brain and the meninges (the membrane that covers the brain) in the subarachnoid space. SS subarachnoid haemorrhagic stroke AE WEB: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/nervous_system_disorders/types_of_stroke_85,P00813/ subarachnoid hemorrhagic stroke AE an ischaemic stroke AE that is caused by a thrombus (blood clot) that develops in the arteries supplying blood to the brain SS WEB: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/nervous_system_disorders/types_of_stroke_85,P00813/ 10043647 thrombotic stroke AE an ischaemic stroke AE that is caused by an embolus (a blood clot that formms elsewhere in the body and travels through the bloodstream to the brain). SS WEB: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/nervous_system_disorders/types_of_stroke_85,P00813/ 10014498 embolic stroke AE a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of a mental illness or psychiatiric disorder. The mental illness is a mental or behavioral pattern or anomaly that causes either suffering or an impaired ability to function in ordinary life (disability), and which is not developmentally or socially normative. YH, Izabela Birsanescu mental disorder AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_disorder 10037175 psychiatric disorder AE a psychiatric disorder AE that has an outcome of a adjustment disorder. An adjustment disorder is an unexpectedly strong emotional or behavioral reaction that occurs in response to an identifiable stressful life event or life change that occurred within the previous three months. Yongqun He, Izabela Birsanescu WEB: http://www.healthline.com/health/adjustment-disorder 10001301 10001302 adjustment disorder AE an adjustment disorder AE that has an additional depressed mood. The person is more depressed than would be expected after a stressful event. Yongqun He, Izabela Birsanescu WEB: http://www.summitmedicalgroup.com/library/adult_health/bha_adjustment_disorder_with_depressed_mood/ 10001297 adjustment disorder with depressed mood AE a hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of bleeding from anastomosis site. Anastomosis: pathological formation of an opening between two normally distinct spaces or organs. Yongqun He, Izabela Birsanescu WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/anastomosis 10071781 anastomotic bleeding AE a clostridial infection AE that is caused by C. difficule. Yongqun He, Izabela Birsanescu WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/c-difficile/basics/definition/CON-20029664?p=1 10054236 Clostridium difficile infection AE Yongqun He, Izabela Birsanescu a bacteraemia AE that is more specifically associated with a Gram-negative bacterium. 10054228 Gram-negative bacteremia AE a physical quality that a drug level inside a host increases Yongqun He, Izabela Birsanescu drug level increase a quality that represents the level of critical or lethal reaction to an erroneous dosage of a drug medication. Yognqun He, Izabela Birsanescu WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/drug+toxicity Drug toxicity may occur due to human error or intentional overdose in the case of suicide or homicide. drug toxicity a hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of massive amounts of blood loss. A typical Intraoperative hemorrhage has a blood loss exceeding 1000 mL or requires a blood transfusion Yongqun He, Izabela Birsanescu WEB: http://www.uptodate.com/contents/management-of-hemorrhage-in-gynecologic-surgery 10055298 Intraoperative hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E11810 NCIt: C35135 an abscess AE that shows a cavity of pus within the pancreas Yongqun He, Izabela Birsanescu WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000270.htm 10048984 pancreatic abscess AE a sugery AE that has an adverse outcome where the recipient’s body rejects the pancreas transplantation. Yongqun He, Izabela Birsanescu WEB: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/436542_13 10049169 pancreas transplant rejection AE an infection AE that has an outcome of a severe local inflammation, usually with pus formation, generally caused by one of the pyogenic bacteria. Yongqun He, Izabela Birsanescu WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=44396 10021861 pyogenic infection AE a fever AE that has unknown origin. Yongqun He, Izabela Birsanescu WEB: http://medicine.academic.ru/123590/fever_of_unknown_origin 10016563 fever of unknown origin AE a temporal interval that starts at the time a medical intervention occurs and ends at the time when the initial bodily process occurs. Yongqun He time interval for initial process after medical intervention a temporal interval that starts at the time in the end of the initial process and ends at the time when the final process leading to an adverse event clinical outcome occurs. Yongqun He time interval for intermediate causal AE process a temporal interval that covers the time period of the final process leading to the display of clinical outcome. Yongqun He time interval for AE process showing clinical outcome a pathological bodily process that starts to occur after a medical intervention. Yongqun He initial stage causal AE sub-process a pathological bodily process that occurs in the middle of the causal adverse event process, i.e., after the initial causal AE process and before the last AE process that results in the adverse outcome. Yongqun He intermediate stage causal AE sub-process a pathological bodily process that occurs in the last stage of adverse event and results in the adverse clinical outcome. This clinical outcome may come as a result of causal adverse event (caused by the medical intervention), or result from an unrelevant cause (i.e., not the designated medical intervention). Yongqun He AE process showing pathological clinical outcome late stage AE formation sub-process a temporal interval that starts at the time a medical intervention occurs and ends at the time an adverse event ends. The adverse event ends when the patient recovers from the adverse event or dies due to the severity of the adverse event. Yongqun He adverse event time period an organism that has the role of 'patient role'. Yongqun He patient an adverse event tme period whent the adverse event is causal adverse event. Yongqun He time interval for causal AE a causality of AE based on the Naranjo ADR probability scale method. SCORING: ≥9 = definite; 5–8 = probable; 1–4 = possible; ≤0 = doubtful Yongqun He Naranjo CA, Busto U, Sellers EM et al. (1981). "A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions". Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 30 (2): 239–45. doi:10.1038/clpt.1981.154. PMID 7249508. WEB: http://livertox.nih.gov/Narajo.html causality based on Naranjo ADR probability scale a Naranjo ADR probability scale that shows definite causality result. It happens when the score is >=9. SCORING: ≥9 = definite; 5–8 = probable; 1–4 = possible; ≤0 = doubtful Yongqun He Naranjo CA, Busto U, Sellers EM et al. (1981). "A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions". Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 30 (2): 239–45. doi:10.1038/clpt.1981.154. PMID 7249508. WEB: http://livertox.nih.gov/Narajo.html Definite Naranjo ADR probability a Naranjo ADR probability scale that shows probable causality result. It happens when the score is 5-8. SCORING: ≥9 = definite; 5–8 = probable; 1–4 = possible; ≤0 = doubtful Yongqun He Naranjo CA, Busto U, Sellers EM et al. (1981). "A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions". Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 30 (2): 239–45. doi:10.1038/clpt.1981.154. PMID 7249508. WEB: http://livertox.nih.gov/Narajo.html Probably Naranjo ADR probability a Naranjo ADR probability scale that shows possible causality result. It happens when the score is 1-4. SCORING: ≥9 = definite; 5–8 = probable; 1–4 = possible; ≤0 = doubtful Yongqun He Naranjo CA, Busto U, Sellers EM et al. (1981). "A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions". Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 30 (2): 239–45. doi:10.1038/clpt.1981.154. PMID 7249508. WEB: http://livertox.nih.gov/Narajo.html Possible Naranjo ADR probability a Naranjo ADR probability scale that shows doubtful causality result. It happens when the score is <=0. SCORING: ≥9 = definite; 5–8 = probable; 1–4 = possible; ≤0 = doubtful Yongqun He Naranjo CA, Busto U, Sellers EM et al. (1981). "A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions". Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 30 (2): 239–45. doi:10.1038/clpt.1981.154. PMID 7249508. WEB: http://livertox.nih.gov/Narajo.html Doubtful Naranjo ADR probability a causality of AE that is based on the Clinical Data Interchange Consortium (CDISC) system Yongqun He causality based on the Clinical Data Interchange Consortium (CDISC) system Burnstead B, Furlan G. Unifying drug safety and clinical databases. Curr Drug Saf. 2013 Feb;8(1):56-62. PMID: 23656448. WEB: http://www.cdisc.org/stuff/contentmgr/files/0/3fa5f30f40ce5ecc7b3f91e558b55f73/misc/study_data_tabulation_model_v1_4.pdf AE causality based on CDISC system an AE causality based on CDISC system that has the scale "Not Related". Yongqun He Burnstead B, Furlan G. Unifying drug safety and clinical databases. Curr Drug Saf. 2013 Feb;8(1):56-62. PMID: 23656448. WEB: http://www.cdisc.org/stuff/contentmgr/files/0/3fa5f30f40ce5ecc7b3f91e558b55f73/misc/study_data_tabulation_model_v1_4.pdf Not Related AE causality based on CDISC system an AE causality based on CDISC system that has the scale "Possibly Related". Yongqun He Burnstead B, Furlan G. Unifying drug safety and clinical databases. Curr Drug Saf. 2013 Feb;8(1):56-62. PMID: 23656448. WEB: http://www.cdisc.org/stuff/contentmgr/files/0/3fa5f30f40ce5ecc7b3f91e558b55f73/misc/study_data_tabulation_model_v1_4.pdf Possibly Related AE causality based on CDISC system an AE causality based on CDISC system that has the scale "Unlikely Related". Yongqun He Burnstead B, Furlan G. Unifying drug safety and clinical databases. Curr Drug Saf. 2013 Feb;8(1):56-62. PMID: 23656448. WEB: http://www.cdisc.org/stuff/contentmgr/files/0/3fa5f30f40ce5ecc7b3f91e558b55f73/misc/study_data_tabulation_model_v1_4.pdf Unlikely Related AE causality based on CDISC system an AE causality based on CDISC system that has the scale "Definitely Related". Yongqun He Burnstead B, Furlan G. Unifying drug safety and clinical databases. Curr Drug Saf. 2013 Feb;8(1):56-62. PMID: 23656448. WEB: http://www.cdisc.org/stuff/contentmgr/files/0/5aee16f59e8d6bd2083dbb5c1639f224/misc/adam_ae_final_v1.pdf Definitely Related AE causality based on CDISC system an AE causality based on CDISC system that has the scale "Probably Related". Yongqun He Burnstead B, Furlan G. Unifying drug safety and clinical databases. Curr Drug Saf. 2013 Feb;8(1):56-62. PMID: 23656448. WEB: http://www.cdisc.org/stuff/contentmgr/files/0/5aee16f59e8d6bd2083dbb5c1639f224/misc/adam_ae_final_v1.pdf Probably Related AE causality based on CDISC system an AE causality that is based on the Drug Interaction Probability Scale (DIPS). Score: Highly Probable: >8 Probable: 5–8 Possible: 2–4 Doubtful: <2 Yongqun He Horn JR, Hansten PD, Chan LN. Proposal for a new tool to evaluate drug interaction cases. Ann Pharmacother. 2007 Apr;41(4):674-80. PMID: 17389673. causality based on DIPS score a causality based on DIPS score that is "Highly Probable". It occurs when the sore is >8. Score: Highly Probable: >8 Probable: 5–8 Possible: 2–4 Doubtful: <2 Yongqun He Horn JR, Hansten PD, Chan LN. Proposal for a new tool to evaluate drug interaction cases. Ann Pharmacother. 2007 Apr;41(4):674-80. PMID: 17389673. Highly Probable causality based on DIPS score a causality based on DIPS score that is "Probable". It occurs when the sore is 5-8. Score: Highly Probable: >8 Probable: 5–8 Possible: 2–4 Doubtful: <2 Yongqun He Horn JR, Hansten PD, Chan LN. Proposal for a new tool to evaluate drug interaction cases. Ann Pharmacother. 2007 Apr;41(4):674-80. PMID: 17389673. Probable causality based on DIPS score a causality based on DIPS score that is "Possible". It occurs when the sore is 2-4. Score: Highly Probable: >8 Probable: 5–8 Possible: 2–4 Doubtful: <2 Yongqun He Horn JR, Hansten PD, Chan LN. Proposal for a new tool to evaluate drug interaction cases. Ann Pharmacother. 2007 Apr;41(4):674-80. PMID: 17389673. Possible causality based on DIPS score a causality based on DIPS score that is "Doubtful". It occurs when the sore is <2. Score: Highly Probable: >8 Probable: 5–8 Possible: 2–4 Doubtful: <2 Yongqun He Horn JR, Hansten PD, Chan LN. Proposal for a new tool to evaluate drug interaction cases. Ann Pharmacother. 2007 Apr;41(4):674-80. PMID: 17389673. Doubtful causality based on DIPS score a severity of AE that shows sign and symptom within normal limits. YH, SS AE severity Grade 0 Web: http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/ctcae.owl#Grade_0_Adverse_Event Note the AE severity Grade 0 equals to CTCAE G0 AE severity. AE severity G0 CTCAE4: E10004 (Grade 0 Adverse Event) a severity of AE that shows asymptomatic, or involves mild or minor symptoms, or is of marginal clinical relevance, or consists of clinical or diagnostic observations alone, or where intervention is not indicated, or where only non-prescription intervention is indicated. YH, SS AE severity Grade 1 Web: http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/ctcae.owl#Grade_1_Adverse_Event Note the AE severity Grade 1 equals to CTCAE G1 AE severity. AE severity G1 CTCAE4: E10005 (Grade 1 Adverse Event) a severity of AE for which only minimal, local, or noninvasive intervention (e.g. packing, cautery) is indicated, or that limits instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs, e.g., shopping, laundry, transportation, or ability to conduct finances). YH, SS AE severity Grade 2 Web: http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/ctcae.owl#Grade_2_Adverse_Event Note the AE severity Grade 2 equals to CTCAE G2 AE severity. AE severity G2 CTCAE4: E10006 (Grade 2 Adverse Event) a severity of AE that shows an outcome which is medically significant but not life-threatening; or for which inpatient care or prolongation of hospitalization are indicated; or that is an important medical event that does not result in hospitalization, but may jeopardize the patient or may require intervention either to prevent hospitalization, to prevent the AE from becoming life-threatening or causing death; or that is disabling; or that results in persistent or significant disability, incapacity, or limitation of self care activities of daily living (ADLs, getting in and out of bed, dressing, eating, getting around inside, bathing, or using the toilet). YH, SS AE severity Grade 3 Web: http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/ctcae.owl#Grade_3_Adverse_Event Note the AE severity Grade 3 equals to CTCAE G3 AE severity. AE severity G3 CTCAE4: E10007 (Grade 3 Adverse Event) a severity of AE that has life-threatening consequences, for which urgent intervention is indicated, that puts the patient is at risk of death at the time of the event if immediate intervention is not undertaken, or that causes blindness or deafness (need to decide if unilateral or bilateral). YH, SS AE severity Grade 4 Web: http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/ctcae.owl#Grade_4_Adverse_Event Note the AE severity Grade 4 equals to CTCAE G4 AE severity. AE severity G4 CTCAE4: E10008 (Grade 4 Adverse Event) a severity of AE that results in death. YH, SS AE severity Grade 5 Web: http://ncicb.nci.nih.gov/xml/owl/EVS/ctcae.owl#Grade_5_Adverse_Event Note the AE severity Grade 5 equals to CTCAE G5 AE severity. AE severity G5 CTCAE4: E10009 (Grade 5 Adverse Event) a blood phosphate abnormal AE that has an abnormally increased amount of phosphate in the blood EB, YH, MW WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperphosphatemia 10020712 hyperphosphatemia AE HPO: HP_0002905 a clincal laboratory test that performs a medical examination using X-ray, a type of electromagnetic radiation. Rebecca Racz, Yongqun He WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003337.htm X-ray clinical test a respiratory distress AE that is characterized by insufficient oxygen flow in the heart and respiratory system. SS, YH WEB: http://medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcare_services/lung_diseases/about/signs/Pages/index.aspx, http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cardiorespiratory 10049874 cardio-respiratory distress AE A joint disorder AE that has the presence of increased intra-articular fluid. It can be caused by trauma, arthritis, or gout and often affects the knee. RR, YH, MW PMID: 19915432 WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_effusion 10023215 joint effusion AE CTCAE:E12431 NCIt:C49052 a gastrointestinal disorder AE that shows a problem with the stomach, ranging from indigestion and heartburn to peptic ulcers and GERD. RR, YH stomach disorder AE WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/stomachdisorders.html 10056819 gastric disorder AE A medical intervention that involves the replacement of bodily fluids excessively lost. Fluids may be replaced orally or intravenously. RR, YH fluid resuscitation WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dehydration/basics/treatment/con-20030056 10061858 fluid replacement An inflammation AE that displays an inflammation (not an infection) of the thyroid gland. http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/thyroid/thyroiditis yongqun he, liwei wang thyroiditis AE a urinary system AE that has an outcome of the excretion of glucose into the urine. web: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/glycosuria LW, YH glucosuria AE an inflammation AE that shows localized nodular inflammation found in tissues. KM, JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granuloma WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/granuloma/expert-answers/faq-20057838 WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=3629 10018691 granuloma AE a burning sensation AE that occurs at the skin. KM, JX, YH 10054786 skin burning sensation AE a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of numbness, a loss of sensation of feeling in a part of the body. YH, JS WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/numbness/basics/definition/sym-20050938 10029829 numbness AE a pneumonia AE that occurs at the interstitial lung. Interstitial pneumonia is often caused by an infection of bacteria, viruses, or fungii. A bacterium called Mycoplasma pneumonia is the most common cause. JX, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/lung/interstitial-lung-disease 10022617 interstitial pneumonia AE a numbness AE that occurs around the mouth. The terms 'circumoral numbness AE' and 'circumoral paresthesia AE' appear to be synonyms. YH, JS WEB: http://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F3-540-29623-9_6515 10049339 circumoral numbness AE Skin necrosis AE is a necrosis AE that results in the death of the skin tissue. Skin necrosis often occurs when not enough blood and oxygen are supplied to a given skin region. JX, LW, YH 皮肤坏死 10040893 skin necrosis AE UMLS ID: C0151799 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) syndrome AE is a lupus syndrome AE that is systemic and disseminated. SLE most often harms the heart, joints, skin, lungs, blood vessels, liver, kidneys, and nervous system. Although “lupus” actually includes a number of different diseases, SLE is the most common type of lupus, and when people say “lupus,” they are often referring to SLE. JX, LW, YH SLE systemic lupus erythematosus syndrome AE 系统性红斑狼疮 WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_lupus_erythematosus WEB: http://www.healthline.com/health/systemic-lupus-erythematosus#Overview1 系统性红斑狼疮综合征 systemic lupus erythematosus AE Urgent urination AE is a urinary system AE that has an outcome of a sudden, compelling urge to urinate, along with discomfort in the bladder. JX, LW, YH micturition urgency urinary urgency WEB: http://sideeffects.embl.de/se/C0085606/ WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003140.htm 尿急 10046593 urgent urination AE CTCAE: E13062 NCIt: C50792 UMLS CUI: C0439609 Precordialgia AE is a pain AE that pain located in the precordial region. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.drugs.com/dict/precordialgia.html 心前痛 precordialgia AE Dyshidrosis AE is a skin AE that shows a disorder of eccrine sweat glands, characterized by small blisters on the hands or feet. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyshidrosis 汗疱疹 10013912 dyshidrosis AE Ankle swelling AE is an edema AE that shows abnormal buildup of fluid in the ankles. Ankle swelling is a sign of fluid buildup or inflammation of the joint and tissues of the ankle. Mild ankle swelling is a common occurrence after standing for a long period. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/ankle-swelling 踝部水肿 10002554 ankle swelling AE UMLS ID: C0235439 Renal dysfunction AE is a kidney AE that has an outcome of reduced capacity to excrete metabolic products which accumulate systemically and are detectable clinicopathologically by renal function tests. The early stage of uremia. This term appears to be a synonym to the 'renal failure AE'. JX, LW, YH hepatic and renal function disorder AE 肾功能障碍 renal dysfunction AE UMLS ID: C0859242 Epiphora AE is a eye AE that shows an overflow of tears onto the face. In this case, there is insufficient tear film drainage from the eyes, and the tears will drain down the face rather than through the nasolacrimal system. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphora_(medicine) 泪溢 10015068 epiphora AE UMLS ID: C0152227 Hemolytic anemia AE is an anemia AE associated with hemolysis, the abnormal breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs), either in the blood vessels (intravascular hemolysis) or elsewhere in the human body (extravascular). Such an AE can be relatively harmless or life-threatening. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemolytic_anemia 溶血性贫血 10019493 hemolytic anemia AE a behavioral and neurological AE where somniloquy also is called sleep-talking, a parasomnia that refers to talking aloud while asleep. Somniloquy can be quite loud, ranging from simple mumbling sounds to loud shouts and long frequently inarticulate speeches, and can occur many times during a sleep cycle. As with sleepwalking and night terrors, sleeptalking usually occurs during the less-deep delta-wave NREM sleep stages or during temporary arousals therefrom. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somniloquy 梦呓 somniloquy AE Cholelithiasis AE is a liver, biliary, and pancreatic AE that shows hard deposits forming inside the gallbladder. Gallstones may be as small as a grain of sand or as large as a golf ball. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallstone 10008629 cholelithiasis AE UMLS ID: C1328486 Blepharoptosis AE is an eye AE that shows droopy upper eyelid or ptosis that presents with substantial blockage upper part of field of vision, risk of amblyopia among young children, and dramatic change in the facial appearance. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://eyewiki.aao.org/Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂 10005157 blepharoptosis AE A measurement datum that measures the quantity of something that may be administered to an organism or that an organism may be exposed to, at which point AE symptoms begin to arise. Quantities of nutrients, drugs, vaccines and toxins are referred to as doses. AG, YH OBI AE associated dose range A healing process that leads to an outcome with improved relative health from an adverse event AG, YH AE recovery adverse event recovery an AE recovery rate that represents a rate of adverse event recovery AG, YH AE recovery rate An AE recovery that is sepcifically for recovery from a chemotherapy drug adverse event. AG, YH chemotherapy drug AE recovery AG, YH complete AE recovery an information content entity that represents an extent of recovery from an adverse event AG, YH extent of AE recovery an extent of AE recovery that has an outcome of incomplete recovery AG, YH incomplete AE recovery an epileptic seizure AE that is characterized by tonic-clonic seizures, involving two phases -- the tonic phase in which the body becomes rigid, and clonic phase in which there is uncontrolled jerking. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=32957 癫痫大发作 10018658 grand mal AE Erythema simplex AE is an erythema AE that accompany with blushing or redness of the skin caused by a toxic reaction or a neurovascular phenomenon. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/erythema+simplex 单纯性红斑 erythema simplex AE Pelvic pain AE is a pain AE that occurs in the lower abdomen area. The pain might be steady, or it might come and go. If the pain is severe, it might get in the way of people's daily activities. JX, LW, YH, MW WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/pelvicpain.html 骨盆痛 10034263 pelvic pain AE CTCAE:E13167 NCIt:C40122 Extrasystoles AE is an arrhythmia AE that shows a premature contraction of the heart that is independent of the normal rhythm of the heart and arises in response to an impulse in some part of the heart other than the normal impulse from the sinoatrial node. The extrasystole is followed by a pause, as the heart electrical system "resets" itself and the contraction following the pause is usually more forceful than normal. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=32159 早搏（额外收缩） 10015856 extrasystoles AE An increased upper airway secretion AE is a respiratory system AE characterized by an increased secretion at the upper airway location. RR, YH 10062717 increased upper airway secretion AE Feeling of body temperature change AE is a feeling abnormal AE that a patient feels a change in body temperature. RR, YH 10061458 feeling of body temperature change AE Heartburn AE is a gastric disorder AE that also known as pyrosis, cardialgia, or acid indigestion. It's a burning sensation in the chest, just behind the breastbone or in the epigastrium, the upper central abdomen. The pain often rises in the chest and may radiate to the neck, throat, or angle of the jaw. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heartburn 胃灼热（烧心） 10019326 heartburn AE Tonsillitis AE is an inflammation AE that is inflammation of the tonsils most commonly caused by viral or bacterial infection. Symptoms may include sore throat and fever. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonsillitis 扁桃体炎 10044008 tonsillitis AE Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus AE is a diabetes mellitus AE which is also called diabetes mellitus type 2, it's characterized by hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) in the context of insulin resistance and relative lack of insulin. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病 10029505 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus AE Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus AE is a diabetes mellitus AE which is also called diabetes mellitus type 1. It results from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_1 胰岛素依赖型糖尿病 10022497 insulin dependent diabetes mellitus AE a hyporeflexia AE where the patient shows no sign of reflexes. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=20423 反射消失 10003084 areflexia AE Mastauxea AE is a reproductive system AE that shows enlargement of the breast. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mastauxe 乳房增大 mastauxe AE Uveitis AE is an inflammation AE that is inflammation of the uvea, which lines the inside of the eye behind the cornea. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uveitis 色素层炎 10046851 uveitis AE CTCAE: E10442 NCIt: C26909 Sexual dysfunctions AE is a reproductive system AE that is difficulty experienced by an individual or a couple during any stage of a normal sexual activity, including physical pleasure, desire, preference, arousal or orgasm. JX, LW, YH sexual malfunction AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_dysfunction 性功能障碍 10040477 sexual dysfunctions AE Hypomnesia AE is a behavior and neurological AE that is an archaic term applied to poor memory, the impaired ability to recall information previously memorized. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://psychology.wikia.com/wiki/Hypomnesia 记忆减退 10021035 hypomnesia AE Phobia AE is a behavior and neurological AE that is a type of anxiety disorder, usually defined as a persistent fear of an object or situation in which the sufferer commits to great lengths in avoiding, typically disproportional to the actual danger posed, often being recognized as irrational. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phobia 恐惧症 10034912 phobia AE Lymphadenectasis AE is an edema AE that shows enlargement of the lymph node. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/lymphadenectasis 淋巴结肿大 10025282 lymphadenectasis AE Asterixis AE is a tremor AE that also called the flapping tremor, or liver flap, which is a tremor of the hand when the wrist is extended, sometimes said to resemble a bird flapping its wings. This motor disorder is characterized by an inability to actively maintain a position, which is demonstrated by jerking movements of the outstretched hands when bent upward at the wrist. The tremor is caused by abnormal function of the diencephalic motor centers in the brain, which regulate the muscles involved in maintaining position. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asterixis 扑翼样震颤 10003547 asterixis AE Parageusia AE is a gustatory system AE which is the medical term for a bad taste in the mouth. One common form of parageusia is a metallic taste of food. This can be a side effect of several medications, such as acetazolamide, eszopiclone, zopiclone, metronidazole, or etoposide. Metallic taste is also a type of dysgeusia which is frequently associated with infections in the mouth or upper airways. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parageusia 味觉颠倒 10033793 parageusia AE Brain damage AE is a brain AE that also called brain injury is the destruction or degeneration of brain cells. In general, brain damage refers to significant, undiscriminating trauma-induced damage. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_damage 脑损伤 10056389 brain damage AE Frequent bowel movements AE is a abnormal stool AE that people are having more bowel movements than is normal for them. Often, frequent bowel movements are accompanied by diarrhea, the passage of loosely formed stool. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/frequent-bowel-movements 大便频繁 10017367 frequent bowel movements AE Hyperprolactinemia AE is an endocrine investigation result abnormal AE that is the presence of abnormally high levels of prolactin in the blood. Normal levels are less than 500 mIU/L [20 ng/mL or µg/L] for women, and less than 450 mIU/L for men. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperprolactinaemia 高泌乳素血症 10020739 hyperprolactinemia AE Galactorrhea AE is a reproductive system AE that is the spontaneous flow of milk from the breast, unassociated with childbirth or nursing. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galactorrhea 乳溢 10017592 galactorrhea AE Sitophobia AE is a behavior and neurological AE that shows a morbid or insane dread of eating. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sitophobia 畏食 sitophobia AE Ejection murmur AE is a cardiac disorder AE which is due to turbulent forward flow across the right and left ventricular outflow tract, aortic or pulmonary valve, or through the aorta or pulmonary artery. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.cardiologysite.com/auscultation/html/ejection_murmurs.html 收缩期喷射性杂音 ejection murmur AE Hypoactive sexual desire disorder AE is a libido disorder AE that is considered a sexual dysfunction and is characterized as a lack or absence of sexual fantasies and desire for sexual activity, as judged by a clinician. JX, LW, YH hyposexuality AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoactive_sexual_desire_disorder 性欲减退 10020933 hypoactive sexual desire disorder AE Bigotry AE is a behavior and neurological AE that is a state of mind where a person strongly and unfairly dislikes other people, ideas, etc. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bigotry 偏执 bigotry AE Somnambulisma AE is a behavior and neurological AE that also known as sleepwalking or noctambulism, which is a sleep disorder belonging to the parasomnia family. It arise from the slow wave sleep stage in a state of low consciousness and perform activities that are usually performed during a state of full consciousness. These activities can be as benign as sitting up in bed, walking to the bathroom, and cleaning, or as hazardous as cooking, driving, violent gestures, grabbing at hallucinated objects, or even homicide. JX, LW, YH noctambulism AE sleepwalking AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleepwalking 梦游症 10041347 somnambulism AE Hyperphagia AE is an eating disorder AE that also called polyphagia. It's a medical sign meaning excessive hunger and abnormally large intake of solids by mouth. It can be caused by disorders such as diabetes, Kleine–Levin syndrome (a malfunction in the hypothalamus), the genetic disorders Prader–Willi syndrome, and Bardet–Biedl syndrome. JX, LW, YH polyphagia AE 食欲过盛 WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphagia 10020710 hyperphagia AE Corneal pigmentation is a eye AE shows that the melanin is in the superficial stroma and the basal layer of the corneal epithelium. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/corneal+pigmentation 角膜色素沉着 10011040 corneal pigmentation AE Chromatos AE is a skin AE shows that deposit of pigment in a normally unpigmented area or excessive pigmentation in a normally pigmented site. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/chromatosis 色素沉着 chromatosis AE Subclavian steal syndrome AE is an ischaemia AE that is a constellation of signs and symptoms that arise from retrograde (reversed) flow of blood in the vertebral artery or the internal thoracic artery, due to a proximal stenosis (narrowing) and/or occlusion of the subclavian artery. The arm may be supplied by blood flowing in a retrograde direction down the vertebral artery at the expense of the vertebrobasilar circulation. This is called the subclavian steal. JX, LW, YH subclavian steal phenomenon AE subclavian steal steno-occlusive disease AE 锁骨下动脉盗血综合征 10042335 subclavian steal syndrome AE Allergic rhinitis AE is a rhinitis AE that is an allergic inflammation of the nasal airways. It occurs when an allergen, such as pollen, dust, or animal dander (particles of shed skin and hair) is inhaled by an individual with a sensitized immune system. JX, LW, YH, MW WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergic_rhinitis 过敏性鼻炎 10001723 allergic rhinitis AE CTCAE:E13303 NCIt:C79532 Ventricular ectopic beats AE is a cardiac ventricular disorder AE that is a disturbance of the cardiac rhythm frequently related to the electrical conduction system of the heart, in which beats arise from fiber or group of fibers outside the region in the heart muscle ordinarily responsible for impulse formation. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ectopic_beat 心室异位搏动 10058291 ventricular ectopic beats AE Sjogren syndrome AE is a eye AE that is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the body's white blood cells destroy the exocrine glands, specifically the salivary and lacrimal glands, that produce saliva and tears, respectively. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sj%C3%B6gren's_syndrome 干燥综合症 10040767 sjogren syndrome AE Nocturia AE is a urine abnormality AE that is defined by the International Continence Society as “the complaint that the individual has to wake at night one or more times for voiding”. JX, LW, YH nycturia AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocturia 夜尿症 10029446 nocturia AE Night sweat is a sweating AE that is the occurrence of excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis and focal hyperhidrosis) during sleep. The sufferer may or may not also suffer from excessive perspiration while awake. JX, LW, YH sleep hyperhidrosis AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_sweats 夜汗 10029409 night sweat AE Increased appetite AE is a gustatory system AE that is when people want to eat much more often or in larger quantities than their body requires. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.healthline.com/symptom/increased-appetite 食欲增加 10021654 increased appetite AE Vascular dilatation headache AE is a headache AE that shows headache which caused by vascular dilatation. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.headaches.org/education/Headache_Topic_Sheets/Vascular_Headaches 血管扩张性头痛 vascular dilatation headache AE Bundle-branch block AE is a conduction system disorder AE that refers to a defect of the heart's electrical conduction system. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundle_branch_block 束支传导阻滞 10006578 bundle-branch block AE Unstable diabetes AE is a diabetes mellitus AE that is a type of diabetes when a person's blood glucose level often swings quickly from high to low and from low to high. JX, LW, YH brittle diabetes AE labile diabetes AE WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=7271 不稳定型糖尿病 10006372 unstable diabetes AE Tendon rupture AE is a tendon disorder AE shows a tearing of the tendon that occurs when the forces placed upon the tendon exceed its tensile strength. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Tendon+rupture 肌腱断裂 10043248 tendon rupture AE Tendovaginitis AE is an inflammation AE that is an acute or chronic inflammation of the tendon sheath, occurring in the region of the hand, the wrist joint, the forearm (radial and ulnar tenobursitis), the foot, the ankle joint, and the Achilles tendon (achillobursitis). JX, LW, YH tenovaginitis AE WEB: http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Tendovaginitis 腱鞘炎 10067216 tendovaginitis AE Loose stools AE is a abnormal stool AE that is usually a form of diarrhea and many conditions causing loose stool will be listed under diarrhea. It may also be related to watery stool (also within the spectrum of diarrhea). JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/sym/loose_stool.htm 稀便 10024840 loose stools AE Cystitis AE is an inflammation AE that is the medical term for inflammation of the bladder. Most of the time, the inflammation is caused by a bacterial infection, and it's called a urinary tract infection. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cystitis/basics/definition/con-20024076 膀胱炎 10011781 cystitis AE Eructation AE is a digestive system AE that is the release of gas from the digestive tract (mainly esophagus and stomach) through the mouth. It is usually accompanied with a typical sound and, at times, an odor. JX, LW, YH belching AE burping AE ructus AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burping 嗳气 10015137 eructation AE Glossolalia AE is a speech disorder AE that is the fluid vocalizing of speech-like syllables that lack any readily comprehended meaning. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossolalia 语言不清 glossolalia AE Leg pain AE is a pain AE that is a common problem in leg, it can be due to a cramp, injury, or other cause. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003182.htm 腿痛 10024130 leg pain AE Stomachache AE is a pain AE that the pain in or near your stomach. It is a common symptom associated with transient disorders or serious disease. JX, LW, YH abdominal pain AE stomach pain AE stomachache AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_pain http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stomach-ache-abdominal-pain/Pages/Introduction.aspx 胃痛 10042126 stomach ache AE CTCAE: E10460 NCIt: C26682 Conduction block AE is a conduction system disorder AE that shows failure of impulse transmission at some point along a nerve fiber, although conduction along the segments proximal and distal to it are unaffected. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=10757 传导阻滞 conduction block AE Photodermatitis AE is a dermatitis AE that referred to as sun poisoning or photoallergy, is a form of allergic contact dermatitis in which the allergen must be activated by light to sensitize the allergic response, and to cause a rash or other systemic effects on subsequent exposure. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodermatitis 光敏性皮炎 photodermatitis AE Pygalgia AE is a pain AE that is a rarely used term meaning pain in the buttocks. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=74312 臀痛 pygalgia AE Throat irritation AE is a discomfort AE that refers to a dry cough, a scratchy feeling at the back of the throat, or a sensation of a lumpy feeling or something stuck at the back of the throat. JX, LW, YH throat discomfort AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Throat_irritation 咽喉不适 10043521 throat irritation AE Interstitial nephritis AE is an inflammation AE that is a form of nephritis affecting the interstitium of the kidneys surrounding the tubules. This disease can be either acute, meaning it occurs suddenly, or chronic, meaning it is ongoing and eventually ends in kidney failure. JX, LW, YH tubulointerstitial nephritis AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstitial_nephritis 间质肾炎 10048302 interstitial nephritis AE Hoarseness AE is a hoarseness AE that refers to a difficulty making sounds when trying to speak. Vocal sounds may be weak, breathy, scratchy, or husky, and the pitch or quality of the voice may change. JX, LW, YH, MW WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003054.htm 声音嘶哑 10020201 hoarseness AE CTCAE:E13384 NCIt:C47813 Photosensitization AE is a hypersensitivity AE that refers to development of abnormally heightened reactivity of the skin or eyes to sunlight. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/photosensitization 光敏 photosensitization AE Fanconi syndrome AE is a kidney AE that is a disease of the proximal renal tubules of the kidney in which glucose, amino acids, uric acid, phosphate and bicarbonate are passed into the urine, instead of being reabsorbed. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanconi_syndrome 范可尼综合征 10016219 fanconi syndrome AE Keratoconjunctivitis AE is an inflammation AE that is inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva. When only the cornea is inflamed, it is called keratitis; when only the conjunctiva is inflamed, it is called conjunctivitis. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratoconjunctivitis 角膜结膜炎 10023348 keratoconjunctivitis AE Hepatic insufficiency AE is a liver disorder AE that shows a failure or partial failure of normal liver function. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hepatic+insufficiency 肝功能不全 10056542 hepatic insufficiency AE Hypoxemia AE is a blood gas investigation result abnormal AE that is an abnormally low level of oxygen in the blood. More specifically, it is oxygen deficiency in arterial blood. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoxemia 低血氧症 10021142 hypoxemia AE Irritant contact dermatitis AE is a dermatitis AE that is a form of contact dermatitis that can be divided into forms caused by chemical irritants and those caused by physical irritants. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irritant_contact_dermatitis 刺激性接触性皮炎 irritant contact dermatitis AE Pitting edema AE is an edema AE that shows observable swelling of body tissues due to fluid accumulation that may be demonstrated by applying pressure to the swollen area (such as by depressing the skin with a finger). JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=88528 指压性水肿 10054547 pitting edema AE Acute bronchitis AE is a bronchitis AE that is an inflammation of the large bronchi (medium-size airways) in the lungs that is usually caused by viruses or bacteria and may last several days or weeks. Characteristic symptoms include cough, sputum (phlegm) production, and shortness of breath and wheezing related to the obstruction of the inflamed airways. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_bronchitis 急性支气管炎 10000687 acute bronchitis AE Renal calculus AE is a kidney AE that is a solid concretion or crystal aggregation formed in the kidneys from minerals in the urine. Kidney stones typically leave the body by passage in the urine stream, and many stones are formed and passed without causing symptoms. If stones grow to sufficient size (usually at least 3 millimeters (0.12 in)) they can cause blockage of the ureter. This leads to pain, most commonly beginning in the flank or lower back and often radiating to the groin or genitals. JX, LW, YH CTCAE: E13018 NCIt: C26807 kidney stone AE nephrolithiasis AE renal calculi AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_stone 肾结石 10038385 10038386 renal calculus AE Clouding of consciousness AE is a sensory capability AE that is a term used in conventional medicine denoting an abnormality in the "regulation" of the "overall level" of consciousness that is mild and less severe than a delirium. The sufferer experiences a subjective sensation of mental clouding described as feeling "foggy". JX, LW, YH brain fog AE mental fog AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clouding_of_consciousness 意识模糊 clouding of consciousness AE Reflex tachycardia AE is a tachycardia AE that shows increased heart rate in response to some stimulus conveyed through the cardiac nerves. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=89526 反射性心动过速 10063096 reflex tachycardia AE Joint sprain AE is a joint disorder AE that is damage to one or more ligaments in a joint, often caused by trauma or the joint being taken beyond its functional range of motion. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprain 关节扭伤 10023229 joint sprain AE Epicondylitis AE is an inflammation AE that is a type of musculoskeletal disorder that refers to an inflammation of an epicondyle. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epicondylitis 上髁炎 10014971 epicondylitis AE Melanoglosia AE is a tongue AE that shows tongue turn black. Any blackening of the tongue associated with certain disorders and diseases in animals and humans. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/melanoglosia 舌黑 10014971 melanoglosia AE Ventricular tachycardia AE is a tachycardia AE that is a type of tachycardia, or a rapid heart beat that arises from improper electrical activity of the heart presenting as a rapid heart rhythm, that starts in the bottom chambers of the heart, called the ventricles. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_tachycardia 心室性心搏过速 10047302 ventricular tachycardia AE CTCAE: E10239 NCIt: C50802 Granulomatous hepatitis AE is a hepatitis AE that refers to an inflammatory liver disease associated with granuloma formation in the liver. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://radiopaedia.org/articles/granulomatous-hepatitis 肉芽肿性肝炎 granulomatous hepatitis AE Hypogeusia AE is a gustatory system AE that is a reduced ability to taste things (to taste sweet, sour, bitter, or salty substances). JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypogeusia 味觉减弱 10020989 hypogeusia AE Dysphoria AE is a behavior and neurological AE that is a profound state of unease or dissatisfaction. In a psychiatric context, dysphoria may accompany depression, anxiety, or agitation. Common reactions to dysphoria include emotional distress or indifference. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysphoria 烦躁不安 10013954 dysphoria AE Oneirism AE is a behavior and neurological AE that is a state of abnormal consciousness in which dream-like experiences and hallucinations happen while awake. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/oneirism 梦幻症 10030332 oneirism AE Podalgia AE is a pain AE that shows pain in the foot. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/podalgia 足痛 podalgia AE Brachialgia AE is a pain AE that shows pain in the arm. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/brachialgia 臂痛 10068901 brachialgia AE Coxalgia AE is a pain AE that shows pain in the hip. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/coxalgia 髋痛 10011249 coxalgia AE Limb injury AE is an injury AE which involve damage to bones, joints, ligament, musles, the major blood vessels and nerves of the limb. JX, LW, YH 肢体伤 10061225 limb injury AE Polymyalgia rheumatica AE is a muscle pain AE that is a syndrome with pain or stiffness, usually in the neck, shoulders, and hips. The pain can be very sudden, or can occur gradually over a period. It may be caused by an inflammatory condition of blood vessels such as temporal arteritis. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymyalgia_rheumatica 风湿性多发性肌痛 10036099 polymyalgia rheumatica AE Fibromyalgia AE is a muscle pain AE that is characterised by chronic widespread pain and allodynia (a heightened and painful response to pressure). Fibromyalgia symptoms are not restricted to pain, leading to the use of the alternative term fibromyalgia syndrome for the condition. Other symptoms include debilitating fatigue, sleep disturbance, and joint stiffness. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibromyalgia 纤维肌痛 10048439 fibromyalgia AE Hepatic encephalopathy AE is an encephalopathy AE that is the occurrence of confusion, altered level of consciousness, and coma as a result of liver failure. In the advanced stages it is called hepatic coma or coma hepaticum. JX, LW, YH portosystemic encephalopathy AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatic_encephalopathy 10019660 hepatic encephalopathy AE a behavior and neurological AE AE that is an abnormal involuntary movement disorder, one of a group of neurological disorders called dyskinesias. JX, LW, YH choreia AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorea 舞蹈症 10008748 chorea AE Nightmare AE is a sleep disorder AE that is an unpleasant dream that can cause a strong emotional response from the mind, typically fear or horror but also despair, anxiety and great sadness. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nightmare 梦魇 10029412 nightmare AE a psychiatric disorder AE that is an anomaly of self-awareness. It consists of a feeling of watching oneself act, while having no control over a situation. Subjects feel they have changed, and the world has become vague, dreamlike, less real, or lacking in significance. It can be a disturbing experience, since many feel that, indeed, they are living in a "dream". JX, LW, YH depersonalisation AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depersonalization 人格解体 10012359 depersonalization AE a psychiatric disorder AE that refers to a state of mind where one is not disturbed by the passions. JX, LW, YH apathia AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apatheia 情感冷漠 apatheia AE Parosmia AE is a sensory capability AE that is an olfactory dysfunction which is characterized by the inability of the brain to properly identify an odor’s “natural” smell. JX, LW, YH cacosmia AE troposmia AE 味觉倒错 WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parosmia 10034018 parosmia AE Xerophthalmia AE is an eye AE that is a medical condition in which the eye fails to produce tears. JX, LW, YH xerophthalmus AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xerophthalmia 干眼病 10048221 xerophthalmia AE Chondropathy AE is a bone disorder AE that refers to a disease of the cartilage. It is frequently divided into 5 grades, with 0-2 defined as normal, and 3-4 defined as diseased. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondropathy 软骨病 10061762 chondropathy AE Teratogenesis AE is a female reproductive system AE that is a prenatal toxicity characterized by structural or functional defects in the developing embryo or fetus. It also includes intrauterine growth retardation, death of the embryo or fetus, and transplacental carcinogenesis. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/587782/teratogenesis 畸胎 teratogenesis AE Premature atrial contraction AE is an arrhythmia AE that is a common cardiac dysrhythmia characterized by premature heartbeats originating in the atria. JX, LW, YH atrial premature beats AE atrial premature complexes AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premature_atrial_contraction 早搏 10056964 premature atrial contraction AE An inflammation AE that courrs in one or both parotid glands, the major salivary glands located on either side of the face, in humans. The parotid gland is the salivary gland most commonly affected by inflammation. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parotitis 腮腺炎 10034038 parotitis AE Glossitis AE is an inflammation AE that can mean soreness of the tongue, or more usually inflammation with depapillation of the dorsal surface of the tongue, leaving a smooth and erythematous surface. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossitis 舌炎 10018386 glossitis AE Genital edema AE is an edema AE that can be the result of interruption to the lymphatic drainage of this area caused by tumor, surgical removal of lymph nodes, radiotherapy or infection. Congenital disorders causing inadequate lymphatics can sometimes lead to the development of this condition. JX, LW, YH, MW WEB: http://www.lymphoedemanz.org.nz/About+Lymphoedema/Genital+Oedema.html 生殖器水肿 10018146 genital edema AE CTCAE:E13111 NCIt:C78324 Orgasm incapacity AE is a reproductive system AE that the disorder characterized by an inability to achieve orgasm. JX, LW, YH 缺乏性高潮 orgasm incapacity AE Sedation AE is a behavior and neurological AE that is the reduction of irritability or agitation by administration of sedative drugs, generally to facilitate a medical procedure or diagnostic procedure. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedation 镇静 10039897 sedation AE Sinus bradycardia AE is a bradycardia AE that is a heart rhythm that originates from the sinus node and has a rate that is lower than normal. In humans, bradycardia is generally defined to be a rate of under 60 beats per minute. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinus_bradycardia 窦性心动过缓 10040741 sinus bradycardia AE CTCAE: E10208 NCIt: C26923 Cardiac output decreased AE is a cardiac disorder AE that shows a state in which the blood pumped by an individual's heart is sufficiently reduced that it is inadequate to meet the needs of the body's tissues. Cardiac output is the volume of blood being pumped by the heart, in particular by a left or right ventricle in the time interval of one minute. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www1.us.elsevierhealth.com/MERLIN/Gulanick/archive/Constructor/gulanick10.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_output 心输出量减少 10007595 cardiac output decreased AE Steatorrhea AE is a digestive system AE that is the presence of excess fat in feces. Stools may also float due to excess lipid, have an oily appearance and can be especially foul-smelling. JX, LW, YH steatorrhoea AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steatorrhea 脂溢 10041968 steatorrhea AE Malabsorption syndrome AE is a digestive system AE that refers to a number of disorders in which the intestine’s ability to absorb certain nutrients, such as vitamin B12 and iron, into the bloodstream is negatively affected. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.healthline.com/health/malabsorption#Overview1 吸收不良综合症 10025479 malabsorption syndrome AE Sialadenitis AE is an inflammation AE that is inflammation of a salivary gland. It may be subdivided temporally into acute, chronic and recurrent forms. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sialadenitis 唾液腺炎 10040627 sialadenitis AE a nervous system AE that shows a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. The motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease result from the death of dopamine-generating cells in the substantia nigra, a region of the midbrain, the cause of this cell death is unknown. JX, LW, YH choreia AE hypokinetic rigid syndrome AE idiopathic/primary parkinsonism AE paralysis agitans AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkinson's_disease 帕金森综合症 10061536 parkinson's disease AE Urinary calculus AE a urinary system AE that is solid particles in the urinary system. They may cause pain, nausea, vomiting, hematuria, and, possibly, chills and fever due to secondary infection. JX, LW, YH urinary calculi AE WEB: http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/genitourinary_disorders/urinary_calculi/urinary_calculi.html 尿结石 10046531 urinary calculus AE Sinoatrial block AE is a conduction system disorder AE that shows the electrical impulse is delayed or blocked on the way to the atria, thus delaying atrial depolarization. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinoatrial_block 窦房阻滞 10040736 sinoatrial block AE Hyperthyroidism AE is an endocrine system AE that is a condition in which the thyroid gland produces and secretes excessive amounts of the free (not protein bound circulating in the blood) thyroid hormones -triiodothyronine (T3) and/or thyroxine (T4). JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperthyroidism 甲状腺机能亢进 10020850 hyperthyroidism AE CTCAE: E10322 NCIt: C3123 Akathisia AE is a behavior and neurological AE that is a movement disorder characterized by a feeling of inner restlessness and a compelling need to be in constant motion, as well as by actions such as rocking while standing or sitting, lifting the feet as if marching on the spot, and crossing and uncrossing the legs while sitting. People with akathisia are unable to sit or keep still, complain of restlessness, fidget, rock from foot to foot, and pace. JX, LW, YH, MW acathisia AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akathisia 静坐困难 10001540 akathisia AE CTCAE:E12581 NCIt:C78163 Retinopathy AE is an eye AE that is due to persistent or acute damage to the retina of the eye. Ongoing inflammation and vascular remodeling may occur over periods of time where the patient is not fully aware of the extent of the disease. Frequently, retinopathy is an ocular manifestation of systemic disease as seen in diabetes or hypertension. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinopathy 视网膜病变 10038923 retinopathy AE CTCAE: E10432 NCIt: C62601 Sinus arrest AE is an arrhythmia AE that is a medical condition wherein the sinoatrial node of the heart transiently ceases to generate the electrical impulses that normally stimulate the myocardial tissues to contract and thus the heart to beat. It is defined as lasting from 2.0 seconds to several minutes. JX, LW, YH sinoatrial arrest AE sinus pause AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinoatrial_arrest 窦性停搏 10040738 sinus arrest AE ST segment depression AE is an electrocardiogram result abnormal AE that refers to a finding on an electrocardiogram. It may be determined by measuring the vertical distance between the patient's trace and the isoelectric line at a location 2-3 millimeters from the QRS complex. It is significant if it is more than 1 mm in V5-V6, or 1.5 mm in AVF or III. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ST_depression ST段下降 10041892 ST segment depression AE T-wave inversion AE is an electrocardiogram result abnormal AE that can be a sign of coronary ischemia, Wellens' syndrome, left ventricular hypertrophy, or CNS disorder. In electrocardiography, the T wave represents the repolarization (or recovery) of the ventricles. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T_wave T波倒置 10042966 T-wave inversion AE Hyperthermia AE is an abnormal body temperature AE that is elevated body temperature due to failed thermoregulation that occurs when a body produces or absorbs more heat than it dissipates. Extreme temperature elevation then becomes a medical emergency requiring immediate treatment to prevent disability or death. JX, LW, YH, SJ WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperthermia 体温过高 10020843 hyperthermia AE Priapism AE a male reproductive system AE that is a potentially painful medical condition in which the erect penis does not return to its flaccid state, despite the absence of both physical and psychological stimulation, within four hours. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priapism 阴茎持续勃起 10036661 priapism AE Gingival bleeding AE is a hemorrhage AE that is a term used by dentists and dental hygienists when referring to bleeding that is induced by gentle manipulation of the tissue at the depth of the gingival sulcus, or interface between the gingiva and a tooth. Bleeding on probing, often abbreviated BOP, is a sign of inflammation and indicates some sort of destruction and erosion to the lining of the sulcus or the ulceration of sulcular epithelium. The blood comes from lamina propria after the ulceration of the lining. JX, LW, YH bleeding gums AE bleeding on probing AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleeding_on_probing 牙龈出血 10018276 gingival bleeding AE a hearing disorder AE that is a partial or total inability to hear. In children it may affect the development of language and can cause work related difficulties for adults. JX, LW, YH anacusis AE deafness AE hard of hearing AE hearing impaired AE hearing impairment AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hearing_loss 听力下降 10019245 10019246 hearing loss AE CTCAE: E10276 NCIt: C50576 Muscle fatigue AE is a muscle adverse event that is the decline in ability of a muscle to generate force. It can be a result of vigorous exercise but abnormal fatigue may be caused by barriers to or interference with the different stages of muscle contraction. JX, LW, YH physical fatigue AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_fatigue 肌肉疲劳 10049565 muscle fatigue AE Regurgitation AE is a digestive system AE that is the expulsion of material from the pharynx, or esophagus, usually characterized by the presence of undigested food or blood. JX, LW, YH http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regurgitation_%28digestion%29 反胃 10067171 regurgitation AE Skin irritation AE is a skin AE that is a mild inflammatory dermal tissue reaction, it can be caused by physical contact with an irritant or can be a local response to a systemic trigger. JX, LW, YH 皮肤刺激 10040880 skin irritation AE a herpes viral infection AE tha is caused by both Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2). JX, LW, YH herpes catarrhalis AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpes_simplex 单纯疱疹 10019948 herpes simplex AE Measles AE is a viral infection AE is an infection of the respiratory system, immune system and skin caused by a virus, specifically a paramyxovirus of the genus Morbillivirus. JX, LW, YH English measles AE morbilli AE rubeola AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measles 麻疹 10027011 measles AE Hypercholesteremia AE is a blood cholesterol abnormal AE that is the presence of high levels of cholesterol in the blood. JX, LW, YH cholesterol high AE dyslipidemia hypercholesterolemia AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypercholesterolemia 高胆固醇血症 10005425 10008661 10020604 hypercholesteremia AE Toxic epidermal necrolysis AE is a skin AE that is a rare, life-threatening skin condition which is usually caused by a reaction to drugs. JX, LW, YH, MW Lyell's syndrome AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic_epidermal_necrolysis 中毒性表皮坏死溶解症 10044223 toxic epidermal necrolysis AE CTCAE:E13743 NCIt:C79777 Atrioventricular junctional rhythm AE is an arrhythmia AE that is an electrocardiographic finding in which the pacer of the heart is located in the AV junction, presenting with a narrow QRS complex and a rate of 40-60 beats per minute. JX, LW, YH 房室交界性心律 atrioventricular junctional rhythm AE Unconsciousness AE is a sensory capability AE that is a state which occurs when the ability to maintain a awareness of self and environment is lost, it involves a complete or near-complete lack of responsiveness to people and other environmental stimuli. JX, LW, YH loss of consciousness AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unconsciousness 意识丧失 10045481 unconsciousness AE Pemphigus AE is a skin AE that is a rare group of blistering autoimmune diseases that affect the skin and mucous membranes. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemphigus 天疱疮 10034280 pemphigus AE Onychomycosis AE is a nail infection AE that is a fungal infection of the nail. It is the most common disease of the nails and constitutes about half of all nail abnormalities. JX, LW, YH dermatophytic onychomycosis AE tinea unguium AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onychomycosis 甲癣 onychomycosis AE Miosis AE is an eye AE that is a term with various definitions, which generally include constriction of the pupil. JX, LW, YH myosis AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miosis 瞳孔缩小 10027646 miosis AE an optic neuropathy AE that shows the loss of some or most of the nerve fibers in the optic nerve. The effects range from visual change to severe visual loss. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.kellogg.umich.edu/patientcare/conditions/optic.atrophy.html 视神经萎缩 10030910 optic atrophy AE Albuminuria AE is a urine abnormality AE that is a pathological condition wherein albumin is present in the urine. It is a type of proteinuria. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albuminuria 蛋白尿 10001580 albuminuria AE Enuresis AE is a urine abnormality AE that refers to a repeated inability to control urination. Use of the term is usually limited to describing individuals old enough to be expected to exercise such control. This term appears to be a synonym to the 'urinary incontinence AE'. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enuresis 遗尿 10014928 enuresis AE Gum hypertrophy AE is a digestive system AE that is an increase in the size of the gingiva (gums). It is a common feature of gingival disease. Gingival enlargement can be caused by a number of factors, including inflammatory conditions and the side effects of certain medications. JX, LW, YH gingival enlargement AE gingival hyperplasia AE gingival hypertrophy AE gingival over-growth AE hypertrophic gingivitis AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gingival_enlargement 牙龈增生 10018781 gum hypertrophy AE Contact dermatitis AE is a dermatitis AE that is a type of skin inflammation.It results from exposure to allergens (allergic contact dermatitis) or irritants (irritant contact dermatitis). Phototoxic dermatitis occurs when the allergen or irritant is activated by sunlight. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contact_dermatitis 接触性皮炎 10010790 contact dermatitis AE Necrotizing vasculitis AE is a vasculitis AE that is a rare condition which involves inflammation of the blood vessel walls. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000432.htm 坏死性血管炎 10028892 necrotizing vasculitis AE Carpal tunnel syndrome AE is a peripheral neuropathy AE that is a median entrapment neuropathy that causes paresthesia, pain, numbness, and other symptoms in the distribution of the median nerve due to its compression at the wrist in the carpal tunnel. JX, LW, YH median nerve neuropathy AE WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1141168-clinical#showall WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpal_tunnel_syndrome 腕管综合征 10007697 carpal tunnel syndrome AE Erythromelalgia AE is a peripheral arterial disease AE that is a rare neurovascular peripheral pain disorder in which blood vessels, usually in the lower extremities or hands, are episodically blocked (frequently on and off daily), then become hyperemic and inflamed. JX, LW, YH Mitchell's disease AE acromelalgia AE erythermalgia AE red neuralgia AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythromelalgia 红斑性肢痛症 10015284 erythromelalgia AE a syndrome AE which results in the Raynaud's syndrome, a rare disease causes some areas of your body — such as your fingers and toes — to feel numb and cold in response to cold temperatures or stress. In Raynaud's disease, smaller arteries that supply blood to your skin narrow, limiting blood circulation to affected areas (vasospasm). JX, LW, YH Raynaud's disease AE Raynaud's phenomenon AE WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/raynauds-disease/basics/definition/con-20022916 雷诺综合症 10037914 Raynaud's syndrome AE Extrapyramidal syndrome AE is a nervous system AE that is drug induced movement disorders which include acute and tardive symptoms. JX, LW, YH extrapyramidal side effects AE vertebral body outside the beam syndrome AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrapyramidal_symptoms 椎体外系综合征 10015836 extrapyramidal syndrome AE an electrolyte lab test abnormal AE that is when the kidneys hold on to more sodium and do not excrete it with the kidneys. This tends to expand the blood volume, which can elevate the blood pressure. JX, LW, YH WEB: https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100823074826AAcg7WV 钠潴留 10041277 sodium retention AE complex regional pain syndrome AE is a pain AE that results in an uncommon form of chronic pain that usually affects an extremity. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/complex-regional-pain-syndrome/basics/definition/con-20022844 10064332 Complex regional pain syndrome typically develops after an injury, surgery, stroke or heart attack, but the pain is out of proportion to the severity of the initial injury. complex regional pain syndrome AE Sciatica AE is a pain AE that is a set of symptoms including pain caused by general compression or irritation of one of five spinal nerve roots of each sciatic nerve or by compression or irritation of the left or right or both sciatic nerves. JX, LW, YH lumbar radiculopathy AE sciatic neuralgia AE sciatic neuritis AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciatica 坐骨神经痛 10039674 sciatica AE Joint stiffness AE is a joint disorder AE that may be either the symptom of pain on moving a joint, the symptom of loss of range of motion or the physical sign of reduced range of motion. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_stiffness 关节僵硬 10023230 joint stiffness AE Breast engorgement AE is a reproductive system AE that occurs in the mammary glands due to expansion and pressure exerted by the synthesis and storage of breast milk. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_engorgement 乳房充盈 10006240 breast engorgement AE Nervous tension AE is a behavior and neurological AE that might be said to be a physical expression of how people deal with negatively experienced emotion. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://helpmetosleep.org/featured-articles/how-to-relieve-nervous-tension/ 神经紧张 10029214 nervous tension AE Nervousness AE is a behavior and neurological AE that shows an uneasy psychological state which including anxiety, neurosis, neuroticism, and worry, etc. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nervousness 神经过敏 10029216 nervousness AE Osteoarthritis AE is an arthritis AE that is a group of mechanical abnormalities involving degradation of joints, including articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Osteoarthritis is not an inflammatory disease even-though the name suggest one. Symptoms may include joint pain, tenderness, stiffness, locking, and sometimes an effusion. JX, LW, YH degenerative arthritis AE degenerative joint disease AE osteoarthrosis AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoarthritis 骨关节炎 10031161 osteoarthritis AE Methemoglobinemia AE is a red blood cell profile abnormal AE that is a disorder characterized by the presence of a higher than normal level of methemoglobin (metHb, i.e., ferric [Fe3+] rather than ferrous [Fe2+] haemoglobin) in the blood. It's a form of hemoglobin that contains ferric [Fe3+] iron and has a decreased ability to bind oxygen. JX, LW, YH methaemoglobinaemia AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methemoglobinemia 高铁血红蛋白症 10027506 methemoglobinemia AE Hemiageusia AE is a ageusia AE that shows loss of taste from one side of the tongue. JX, LW, YH hemiageustia AE hemigeusia AE WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=39885 偏侧味觉缺失 hemiageusia AE Skin swelling AE is an edema AE that has an outcome of the occurrence of swelling which is located on the skin. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/sym/skin_swelling.htm 胕肿 10053262 skin swelling AE Fibrosing alveolitis AE is a lung inflammation AE that is a disease of unknown cause mainly involving the gas-exchanging portions of the lungs. It may occur in isolation and be called cryptogenic or idiopathic, in which case the clinical manifestations are mainly respiratory, or it may be associated with other disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1818528/ 纤维化肺泡炎 10016640 fibrosing alveolitis AE an electrolyte chloride abnormal AE where the patient's body has abnormally low levels of chloride. This condition usually results from an extremely high loss of chloride, rather than a low intake of it. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-hypochloremic-alkalosis.htm 低氯性碱中毒 10020958 hypochloremic alkalosis AE Erythema annulare centrifugum AE is an erythema AE that is a descriptive term for a skin lesion. The lesions form consists of redness (erythema) in a ring form (anulare) that spreads from the center (centrifugum). JX, LW, YH MedDRA: 10015154 deep gyrate erythema AE erythema perstans AE palpable migrating erythema AE superficial gyrate erythema AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythema_annulare_centrifugum 离心性环形红斑 erythema annulare centrifugum AE Irritation is a behavior and neurological AE that is a state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell-lining damage. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irritation 刺激 10029216 irritation AE a psychiatric disorder AE that is a fundamental personality trait in the study of psychology characterized by anxiety, fear, moodiness, worry, envy, frustration, jealousy, and loneliness. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroticism 神经质 neuroticism AE Hyperirritability AE is a behavior and neurological AE that shows abnormally great or uninhibited response to stimuli. This term appears to be a synonym to the 'irritability AE'. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/hyperirritability; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irritability 过激 hyperirritability AE Rhinostenosis AE is a respiratory system AE that shows narrowing or obliteration of the nasal airway by scar formation JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.drugs.com/dict/rhinostenosis.html 鼻道狭窄 rhinostenosis AE Sino-auricular heart-block AE is a conduction system disorder AE that refers to a rare heart condition caused by abnormalities in the heart's electrical system rather than arterial disease. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/s/sino_auricular_heart_block/intro.htm 窦房传导阻滞 sino-auricular heart-block AE Anisosphygmia AE is a cardiovascular disorder AE that shows difference in volume, force, or time of the pulse in the corresponding arteries on two sides of the body, the two radials, or femorals. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=4352 脉搏不规则 anisosphygmia AE Rubefaction AE is a skin AE that refers to erythema of the skin caused by local application of a counterirritant. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=79112 发红 rubefaction AE Myodystony AE is an abnormal muscle tone AE that refers to a condition of slow relaxation, interrupted by a succession of slight contractions, following electrical stimulation of a muscle. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.drugs.com/dict/myodystony.html 肌张力不全 myodystony AE Allotriosmia is a behavior and neurological AE that shows incorrect recognition of odors. JX, LW, YH heterosmia AE WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=2401 嗅觉异常 10029216 allotriosmia AE Pharyngotonsillitis is an inflammation AE that is a medical condition characterized by an inflammation of both the tonsils and the pharynx (located at the back of the throat). It occurs due to viral or bacterial infections. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.persify.com/en/perspectives/medical-conditions-diseases/pharyngotonsillitis-_-951000101807 咽扁桃体炎 10049140 pharyngotonsillitis AE Hypersensitivity pneumonitis AE is a pneumonia AE that is an inflammation of the alveoli within the lung caused by hypersensitivity to inhaled organic dusts. Sufferers are commonly exposed to the dust by their occupation or hobbies. JX, LW, YH extrinsic allergic alveolitis AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypersensitivity_pneumonitis 过敏性肺炎 10015887 hypersensitivity pneumonitis AE Stagger AE is a movement disorder AE that shows an unsteady movement of the body in walking or standing, as if one were about to fall. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/stagger 蹒跚 stagger AE Myocardial anoxia AE is a hypoxia AE that shows a reduced concentration of O2 in the myocardium. JX, LW, YH 心肌缺氧 myocardial anoxia AE Biliary colic AE is a pain AE that is the term used to describe a type of pain related to the gallbladder that occurs when a gallstone transiently obstructs the cystic duct and the gallbladder contracts. JX, LW, YH cholecystalgia AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biliary_colic 胆绞痛 10004663 biliary colic AE Hyperemia AE is a cardiovascular disorder AE that is the increase of blood flow to different tissues in the body. It can have medical implications, but is also a regulatory response, allowing change in blood supply to different tissues through vasodilation. JX, LW, YH hyperaemia AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperaemia 充血 hyperemia AE a sensory capability AE that has an outcome increased sensitivity to pain in a patient RR WEB: http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/tenderness 10043224 tenderness AE a skin AE with the outcome of induration, which is an increase in the fibrous elements in tissue commonly associated with inflammation and marked by loss of elasticity and pliability or a hardened mass or formation RR WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/induration 10060708 induration AE an eye AE which has an outcome of a foreign body sensation in the eye, or the sensation that something is in or scratching the eye RR WEB: http://www.richmondeye.com/eyehealth_foreignbody/ 10051116 foreign body sensation in eyes AE a cellulititis AE that occurs at an injection-site. RR WEB: http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Cellulitis/Pages/Symptoms.aspx 10050057 injection site cellulitis AE a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of peripheral coldness, or coldness of extremeties RR WEB: http://www.patient.co.uk/leaflets/peripheral_coldness.htm 10034568 peripheral coldness AE a hypoaesthesia AE that has an outcome of a decrease in facial sensitivity RR hypoaesthesia facial AE hypoesthesia facial AE WEB: http://www.webster-dictionary.org/definition/hypoesthesia 10065312 hypoesthesia facial AE a sleep disorder AE that shows poor quality sleep RR 10062519 poor quality sleep AE a rash AE characterized by the formation of vesicles RR rash vesicular AE WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/vesicular 10037898 vesicular rash AE a discomfort AE that occurs at a limb RR 10061224 limb discomfort AE an eye disorder AE which has an outcome of discoloration of the sclera, or the whites of the eyes RR scleral discolouration AE 10039696 scleral discoloration AE an urticaria AE that occurs in an injection site RR WEB: http://www.uptodate.com/contents/hives-urticaria-beyond-the-basics 10022107 injection site urticaria AE a behavior and neurological AE that results in dysstasia, or difficulty standing RR WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=27458 10050256 dysstasia AE a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of hyperaesthesia, meaning unusual or pathological sensitivity of the skin or of a particular sense RR hyperaesthesia AE WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hyperesthesia 神经过敏 10020568 hyperesthesia AE a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging result abnormal AE that has an outcome of abnormal nuclear magnetic resonance imaging test of the spinal cord RR 10069585 nuclear magnetic resonance imaging spinal cord abnormal AE an eye disorder AE which has an outcome of ocular icterus, or jaundice of the eye RR WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/icterus 10058117 ocular icterus AE An edema AE that occurs in the mouth RR oedema mouth AE 10030110 edema mouth AE a respiratory system AE which has an outcome of painful respiration, an unpleasant sensation ranging from mild discomfort to unbearable agony while breathing RR WEB: http://www.healthline.com/health/painful-respiration 10033517 painful respiration AE a neurological, special senses and psychiatric investigation result abnormal AE that results in an abnormal ophthalmological examination RR 10056836 ophthalmological examination abnormal AE an optic neuropahty AE which shows an infarction of the optic disk which presents as painless vision loss RR optic ischemic neuropathy AE WEB: http://www.geteyesmart.org/eyesmart/diseases/ischemic-optic-neuropathy/ WEB: http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/eye_disorders/optic_nerve_disorders/ischemic_optic_neuropathy.html 10030924 ischemic optic neuropathy AE a bacterial infection AE with an outcome of Lyme disease, a tick-bourne illness cause by the bacterium B. burgdorferi that causes dermatologic, rheumatologic, neurologic, and cardiac abnormalities RR WEB: http://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/script/casedef.aspx?CondYrID=752&DatePub=1/1/2011 10025169 lyme disease AE a pain AE that has an outcome of lymph node pain RR 10025182 lymph node pain AE CTCAE: E10052 NCIt: C78440 RR 10024860 a movement disorder AE that has an outcome of loss of control of patient's legs loss of control of legs AE a vascular disorder AE that has an outcome of levedo reticularis, a condition of the peripheral blood vessels characterized by reddish blue mottling of the skin especially of the extremeties usually upon exposure to cold RR WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/livedo%20reticularis 10024648 livedo reticularis AE a muscle adverse event AE that has an outcome of muscle strain, which happens when a muscle is stretched too much and tears RR pulled muscle AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001109/ 10050031 muscle strain AE a muscle adverse event AE that has an outcome of muscle tightness, which is a tense feeling in muscles RR WEB: http://www.chirocommunity.com/muscletightness.htm 10049816 muscle tightness AE a muscle adverse event AE that has an outcome of muscle rigidity, a state of continuous firm, tense muscles with marked resistance to passive movement RR WEB: http://www.healthline.com/symptom/muscle-rigidity 肌肉僵硬 10028330 muscle rigidity AE Miller Fisher syndrome is a rare, acquired nerve disease that is considered to be a variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome. It is characterized by abnormal muscle coordination, paralysis of the eye muscles, and absence of the tendon reflexes RR WEB: http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/miller_fisher/miller_fisher.htm 10049567 Miller Fisher syndrome AE a hypersensitivity AE which has an outcome of type III immune complex mediated reaction, a type of hypersensitivity reaction in which circulating antigen-antibody immune complexes are deposited in post-capillary venules, with subsequent complement fixation RR WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/136217-overview 10053614 type III immune complex mediated reaction AE a tonsilitis AE with the outcome of tonsilar hypertrophy, or enlargement of the tonsils RR WEB: http://www.cchi.com.hk/symposia/s3_ear_1.htm 10044003 tonsilar hypertrophy AE a sensory capability AE that results in temperature intolerance RR 10057040 temperature intolerance AE a sensory capability AE that results in the patient being unresponsive to stimuli RR 10045555 unresponsive to stimuli AE a respiratory system AE that shows discolored sputum RR 10041806 sputum discolored AE a musculoskeletal system AE that has an outcome of spinal column stenosis, or narrowing of spaces in the spine that results in pressure on the spinal cord and/or nerve roots RR WEB: http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Spinal_Stenosis/ 10041540 spinal column stenosis AE a skin AE with the outcome of skin tightness RR 10050637 skin tightness AE a pain AE with the outcome of ligament pain RR 10068790 ligament pain AE a thrombocytopenic purpura AE with no known cause (idiopathic). Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is a bleeding disorder in which the immune system destroys platelets, which are necesssary for normal blood clotting. Persons with this disorder have too few platelets in the blood. RR WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000535.htm 特发性血小板减少性紫癜 10021245 idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura AE A palsy AE that shows cerebral palsy, a disorder of movement, muscle tone, or posture that is caused by an insult to the immature, developing brain, most often before birth RR WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cerebral-palsy/basics/definition/con-20030502 10008129 cerebral palsy AE a neurological AE with the outcome of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, a neurological disorder characterized by progressive weakness and impaired sensory function in the legs and arms caused by damage to the myelin sheath of the peripheral nerves RR WEB: http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/cidp/cidp.htm 10057645 chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy AE an allergy AE which displays an allergic skin response following contact of an allergen, with the skin typically marked by an itchy red rash often accompanied by swelling and watery blisters. RR, JX, YH dermatitis allergic AE WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/allergic%20contact%20dermatitis 10012434 allergic dermatitis AE a behavior and neurological AE with an outcome of the patient refusing to eat RR 10012775 diet refusal AE an abnormal blood pressure AE that has an outcome of blood pressure fluctuations RR 10005746 blood pressure fluctuation AE a digestive system AE which has an outcome of aphagia, which is the loss of the ability to swallow RR WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/aphagia 10049866 aphagia AE a speech disorder AE with an outcome of aphonia, or loss of voice and of all but whispered speech RR, MW WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/aphonia 10002953 aphonia AE CTCAE:E12589 NCIt:C79539 a stomach pain AE that is observed in lower stomach RR WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/abdominal-pain/basics/definition/sym-20050728 10000084 abdominal pain lower AE an eye AE with an outcome of an abnormal sensation in the eye RR 10000173 abnormal sensation in eye AE a behavior and neurological AE which has an outcome of impaired driving ability RR 10049564 impaired driving ability AE a respiratory system AE that has an outcome of increased bronchial secretion, or an increase in the substance produced in the bronchial tree, which includes mucus, protein salts, plasma fluid, and proteins RR WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bronchial+secretion 10062530 increased bronchial secretion AE an injection-site AE that displays injection site streaking, a red pattern on the skin localized to the injection site RR WEB: http://www.bannerhealth.com/incfiles/housecalls/peds/FeverInfectionsCrying/ImmunizationReactions.htm 10066778 injection site streaking AE an injection-site AE that displays injection site streaking, which are small, fluid-filled blisters localized to the injection site RR WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003939.htm 10022111 injection site vesicles AE a lab test abnormal AE that has an outcome of an increased international normalized ratio, indicating an individual is more prone to bleeding RR, MW, YH INR increased AE WEB: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/126/5/e52.full 10022402 10022595 international normalized ratio increased AE CTCAE: E12175 NCIt: C78366 a sleep disorder AE with the outcome of irregular sleep phase, which is an abnormality in the timing of sleep RR WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/delayed-sleep-phase/basics/definition/con-20035242 10022995 irregular sleep phase AE an injection-site AE that displays injection site anesthesia, or numbness at the injection site RR 10022047 injection site anesthesia AE an infection AE that occurs at an injection-site RR WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/infection 10022076 injection site infection AE a behavior and neurological AE which has an outcome of decreased grip strength, or a reduction in the force applied by the hand to pull on or suspend from objects RR WEB: http://www.krepublishers.com/02-Journals/JLS/JLS-01-0-000-09-Web/JLS-01-1-000-09-Abst-PDF/JLS-01-01-057-09-020-Koley-S/JLS-01-01-057-09-020-Koley-S-Tt.pdf 10062556 grip strength decreased AE an eye AE with the outcome of eyelid margin crusting RR 10052132 eyelid margin crusting AE an ear AE with the outcome of ear discomfort, an uncomfortable or painful feeling in the ear RR WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/discomfort 10052137 ear discomfort AE an abnormal defecation AE that has an outcome of fecal incontinence, the accidental passing of solid or liquid stool or mucus from the rectum RR, MW, YH faecal incontinence AE WEB: http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/fecalincontinence/#what 10016092 10016296 fecal incontinence AE CTCAE: E10693 NCIt: C78498 a behavior and neurological AE that has an outcome of fear, which is to be afraid and/or worried RR WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fear 10016275 fear AE a pain AE that has an outcome of pain in gums RR WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gingival 10018286 gingival pain AE CTCAE: E10763 NCIt: C78325 a tongue disorder with the outcome of glossitis, a condition in which the tongue is swollen and changes color, which may make the tongue appear smooth RR WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001053.htm 10018386 glossitis AE an injury AE which has an outcome of muscle injury RR 10028314 muscle injury AE a sensory capability AE that has an outcome of sensory disturbance RR 10040026 sensory disturbance AE an edema AE with an outcome of tracheal edema, which is the swelling of the airway between the throat and the lungs RR WEB: http://firstaidcalgary.ca/causes-of-tracheal-edema/ 10044296 tracheal edema AE Allergic eruption AE is a skin AE that is most drug-induced cutaneous reactions, especially found in younger adults. Sometimes also be diagnosed with eczema. This term appears to be a synonym to the 'eczema AE'. JX, LW, YH 过敏性皮疹 allergic eruption AE Erythrodermia AE is a skin AE that is an inflammatory skin disease with erythema and scaling that affects nearly the entire cutaneous surface. JX, LW, YH dermatitis exfoliativa AE exfoliative dermatitis AE red man syndrome AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythroderma 红皮病 10037165 erythrodermia AE Mycotic dermatitis is a dermatitis AE that is a inflammation of skin which induced by mycetes. JX, LW, YH 真菌性皮炎 mycotic dermatitis AE Peritendinitis symptom AE is an inflammation AE that has an outcome of inflammation of the synovial lining of a tendon sheath. Causes include trauma, tendon stress, bacterial disease (gonorrhea, tuberculosis), rheumatic disease, and gout. Common sites are the hand, wrist, shoulder capsule, hip capsule, hamstring muscles, and Achilles tendon. The tendon sheaths become inflamed and painful, and accumulate fluid. Joint mobility is usually reduced. JX, LW, YH 腱鞘炎样症状 peritendinitis symptom AE Orthostatic hypotension AE is a hypotension AE that is a form of hypotension in which a person's blood pressure falls when suddenly standing up or stretching. In medical terms, it is defined as a fall in systolic blood pressure of at least 20 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure of at least 10 mm Hg when a person assumes a standing position. JX, LW, YH orthostasis AE postural hypotension AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthostatic_hypotension 直立性低血压 10031127 orthostatic hypotension AE JX, LW, YH chromatopsia AE WEB: http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/color-vision-deficiency 色视力缺乏 Color vision deficiency AE is an abnormal vision AE that is a group of conditions that affect the perception of color. They cause a range of changes in color vision, from mild difficulty with distinguishing shades to a total inability to detect color. These conditions are divided into three major categories: red-green color vision defects, blue-yellow color vision defects, and a complete absence of color vision. color vision deficiency AE Carcinogenesis AE is a tumor AE that is literally the 'creation' of cancer. It is a process by which normal cells are transformed into cancer cells. JX, LW, YH oncogenesis AE tumorigenesis AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinogenesis 致癌 carcinogenesis AE a circulatory AE that is a serious allergic reaction associated with systemic vasodilation that causes low blood pressure which is by definition 30% lower than the person's baseline or below standard values. JX, LW, YH, RR WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaphylaxis WEB: http://smschile.cl/documentos/cursos2010/MedicalClinicsNorthAmerica/Acute%20Symptoms%20of%20Drug%20Hypersensitivity%20%28Urticaria,%20Angioedema,%20Anaphylaxis,%20Anaphylactic%20Shock%29.pdf WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=10092 过敏性休克 10002199 anaphylactic shock AE Pituitary adenomas AE is a tumor AE that is a tumor which occur in the pituitary gland. Pituitary adenomas are generally divided into three categories dependent upon their biological functioning: benign adenoma, invasive adenoma, and carcinomas, with carcinomas accounting for 0.1% to 0.2%, approximately 35% being invasive adenomas and most being benign adenomas. Pituitary adenomas represent from 10% to 25% of all intracranial neoplasms and the estimated prevalence rate in the general population is approximately 17%. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pituitary_adenoma pituitary adenomas AE Fatty infiltration AE is an embolism AE that shows the abnormal accumulation of fat droplets in the cytoplasm of cells. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/fatty+infiltration 脂肪侵润 fatty infiltration AE Epigastric discomfort is a discomfort AE that shows discomfort in the upper central region of the abdomen. JX, LW, YH upper Abdominal discomfort AE WEB: http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/sym/epigastric_discomfort.htm 上腹部不适 10053155 epigastric discomfort AE Acute intravascular hemolysis AE is a cardiovascular AE that has an outcome of disruption of red blood cells occurs while they are within blood vessels. JX, LW, YH 急性血管内溶血 acute intravascular hemolysis AE Allergic hepatitis AE is a hepatitis AE that is a tissue-specific inflammatory diease caused by hepersensitivity to a particular drug, accomopanied by a systemic allergic reaction such as eosinophilia. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/viral+hepatitis 过敏性肝炎 10071198 allergic hepatitis AE Paranoid anxiety AE is a anxiety AE that is a term used in object relations theory, particularity in discussions about the Paranoid-schizoid and depressive positions. The term was frequently used by Melanie Klein, especially to refer to a pre-depressive and persecutory sense of anxiety characterised by the psychological splitting of objects. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paranoid_anxiety 偏执性焦虑 paranoid anxietas AE Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura AE is a thrombocytopenic purpura AE that is a rare disorder of the blood-coagulation system, causing extensive microscopic clots to form in the small blood vessels throughout the body. JX, LW, YH moschcowitz syndrome AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrombotic_thrombocytopenic_purpura 血栓性血小板减少性紫癜 10043648 thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura AE CTCAE: E10061 NCIt: C78797 Glaucoma AE is an eye AE that is a term describing a group of ocular (eye) disorders resulting in optic nerve damage or loss to the field of vision, in many patients caused by a clinically characterized pressure buildup in regards to the fluid of the eye (intraocular pressure-associated optic neuropathy). JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaucoma 青光眼 10018304 glaucoma AE CTCAE: E10392 NCIt: C26782 an allergy AE that shows a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death. It typically causes a number of symptoms including an itchy rash, throat swelling, and low blood pressure. Common causes include insect bites and stings, foods, and medications. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaphylaxis 过敏症 10002218 anaphylaxis AE CTCAE: E11254 NCIt: C50460 an allergy AE which occur during certain times of the year, usually when outdoor molds release their spores, and trees, grasses, and weeds release tiny pollen particles into the air to fertilize other plants. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/allergies/seasonal_allergies.html 季节性变态反应 10048908 seasonal allergy AE a blood sodium abnormal AE with an abnormally decreased sodium concentration in the blood YH, MW hyponatraemia AE WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hyponatremia/basics/definition/con-20031445 10021036 10021038 hyponatremia AE CTCAE: E12339 NCIt: C37976 Skin redness AE is an erythema AE that is abnormal redness of the skin, often signaling a pathological condition, such as inflammation, infection, or sunburn. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.healthline.com/health/skin-redness 皮肤发红 skin redness AE a chest pain that is caused when your heart muscle doesn't get enough oxygen-rich blood. DJ, SS, YH chest pain - cardiac AE tight chest AE WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23016723 10002383 10008481 angina AE CTCAE: E10110 HPO: HP_0001681 NCIt: C51221 SIDER: C0002962 an angina AE that is aggravating. JX, YH aggravating angina AE an aggravating angina AE that is caused by severe hypotension JX, YH 严重低血压导致心绞痛症状加重现象 severe hypotension caused angina symptom aggravating AE an eye AE that shows abnormal involuntary blinking of the eyelids JX, LW, YH corneal reflex abnormal AE URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corneal_reflex 睑闭反射反常 10058960 blink reflex abnormal AE Dazzling AE is a eye disorder AE that has an outcome of the consequence of illumination too intense for adaptation by the eye. In contrast to glare, dazzling is alleviated by appropriate tinted glasses. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dazzling 目眩 dazzling AE Ventricular rhythm AE is an arrhythmia AE that shows the electrocardiographic finding of an ectopic ventricular rhythm with three or more consecutive ventricular premature beats with a rate less than 100 beats per minute. JX, LW, YH 室性心律 10047297 ventricular rhythm AE Extrapyramidal signs AE is a nervous system AE that shows defects in basal ganglia function. It characterized by changes in muscle tone, poverty of voluntary movements (akinesia), or abnormal involuntary movements (dyskinesia). JX, LW, YH 锥体外体征 extrapyramidal signs AE Hearing disorder AE is an ear disorder that shows impairment of the sense of hearing. JX, LW, YH 听觉障碍 10019243 hearing disorder AE Yellow urine AE is a urine abnormality AE that may be due to excretion of picric acid, dinitrophenol, phenacetin or chrysarobin or in alkaline pH, to increased secretion of anthocyanin, or associated with ingestion of beets or blackberries. Pure yellow urine is associated with increased acriflavine and has a green fluorescence; yellow-orange urine may be highly concentrated or contain increased bilirubin and biliverdin. JX, LW, YH 尿液呈黄色 yellow urine AE Epidermal necrosis AE is a necrosis AE that shows widespread keratinocyte cell death via apoptosis results in the tissue damage. JX, LW, YH 表皮坏死 10059284 epidermal necrosis AE Arthromeningitis AE is an inflammation AE that shows inflammation of a synovial membrane, usually painful, particularly on motion, and characterized by fluctuating swelling, due to effusion in a synovial sac. JX, LW, YH 滑膜炎 arthromeningitis AE Pulmonary tuberculosis AE is a lung disorder AE that is a contagious bacterial infection that involves the lungs. It may spread to other organs. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000077.htm 10037440 pulmonary tuberculosis AE Coronary heart disease AE is a cardiovascular disorder AE that is a disease in which a waxy substance called plaque (plak) builds up inside the coronary arteries. These arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to your heart muscle. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/cad/ 冠心病 10068617 coronary heart disease AE Increased defecation frequency AE is a abnormal stool AE that shows defecation number increased. JX, LW, YH 大便次数增加 increased defecation frequency AE Symptomatic hypotension AE is a hypotension AE that shows blood pressure that less than 90/60 mm Hg with dizziness, vertigo etc. JX, LW, YH 症状性低血压 symptomatic hypotension AE Non-specific gastrointestinal dysfunction AE is a gastrointestinal disorder AE that shows non-specific gastrointestinal dysfunction. JX, LW, YH 非特异性胃肠功能紊乱 non-specific gastrointestinal dysfunction AE Abnormal sclerotin AE is a bone disorder AE that shows abnormal sclerotin. JX, LW, YH 骨质异常 abnormal sclerotin AE Fast and weak heart beat AE is a cardiac disorder AE that shows fast and weak heart beat. JX, LW, YH 心跳快而弱 fast and weak heart beat AE Pain over the liver AE is a pain AE that shows pain over the liver. JX, LW, YH 肝区痛 pain over the liver AE Increased biliary calculus AE is a liver, biliary, and pancreatic AE that shows increased biliary calculus. JX, LW, YH 胆石增加 increased biliary calculus AE Muscle function disorder AE is a muscle AE that shows muscle function disorder. JX, LW, YH 肌肉功能失调 muscle function disorder AE Accidental injury AE is a fall AE that shows accidental falls. JX, LW, YH 意外跌倒 accidental fall AE Accidental injury AE is an injury AE that shows accidedntal injury. JX, LW, YH 意外损伤 10000380 accidental injury AE Abnormal ejaculation AE is a male reproductive system AE that shows abnormal ejaculation. JX, LW, YH 异常射精 10000128 abnormal ejaculation AE Distention of head AE is a cardiovascular AE that shows distention of head. JX, LW, YH 头胀 distention of head AE Water-sodium retention AE is an abnormal fluid regulation AE that shows water-sodium retention. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.livestrong.com/article/485782-sodium-retention-weight-gain/ 水钠潴留 water-sodium retention AE Dizziness when standing up AE is a dizziness AE that shows dizziness when standing up. JX, LW, YH 站起时头晕 dizziness when standing up AE Change of gustation AE is a gustatory system AE that shows the change of gustation. JX, LW, YH 味觉改变 change of gustation AE Vascular stimulation of pain AE is a pain AE that shows pain which due to vascular stimulation. JX, LW, YH 血管刺激性疼痛 vascular stimulation of pain AE Vascular pain AE is a pain AE that shows vascular pain. JX, LW, YH 血管疼痛 vascular pain AE Heaviness sense of arm AE is a sensation of heaviness AE that shows a sensation feeling of heaviness in the arm. JX, LW, YH 手臂沉重感 heaviness sense of arm AE Breast swelling AE is an edema AE that is common for almost all women in the second half of their menstrual cycle. It in the premenstrual portion of the cycle can be mild to severe. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/breast-swelling 乳房肿胀 10006312 breast swelling AE Gastrointestinal cramp AE is a muscle spasm AE that shows abnormal contractions of the gastrointestinal muscles. JX, LW, YH 肠胃痉挛 10049136 gastrointestinal cramp AE Heart discomfort AE is a discomfort AE that shows an uncomfortable feeling in the heart. JX, LW, YH 心脏不适 heart discomfort AE Angiectopia of skin AE a vascular disorder AE that shows abnormal position or course of a vessel in the skin. JX, LW, YH 皮肤血管异位 angiectopia of skin AE Joint discomfort AE is a discomfort AE that shows an uncomfortable feeling in the joint. JX, LW, YH 关节不适 joint discomfort AE Eye discomfort AE is a discomfort AE that shows an uncomfortable feeling in the eye. JX, LW, YH 眼部不适 eye discomfort AE Instability of gait AE is a abnormal gait AE that shows instability of gait. JX, LW, YH 步态不稳 instability of gait AE Pemphigoid injury AE is an injury AE that shows a skin disorder where one has large blisters on the skin. JX, LW, YH 类天疱疮样损伤 pemphigoid injury AE Pulse frequency change AE is a cardiovascular AE that shows dpulse frequency change. JX, LW, YH pulse abnormal AE 脉搏频率变化 pulse frequency change AE Inhibition of myocardial contraction force AE is a cardiac disorder AE that shows inhibition of myocardial contraction force. JX, LW, YH 抑制心肌收缩力 inhibition of myocardial contraction force AE Decreased of atrial conduction velocity AE is a conduction system disorder AE that shows decreased of atrial conduction velocity. JX, LW, YH 心房传导速度减慢 decreased of atrial conduction velocity AE Spasm of lower limbs AE is a muscle spasm AE that shows tightening and spasms of the muscles in the legs. JX, LW, YH 下肢痉挛 spasm of lower limbs AE Electrocardiogram prolonged PR interval AE is an electrocardiogram result abnormal AE that shows a prolonged time between the onset of atrial depolarization (P wave) to the beginning of ventricular depolarization (QRS complex). JX, LW, YH 心电图出现PR间期延长 electrocardiogram prolonged PR interval AE Qrs wave broadening AE is a electrocardiogram qrs complex abnormal AE that shows broadening qrs complex in the electrocardiogram. JX, LW, YH QRS波增宽 qrs wave broadening AE Edema of lower limbs AE is an edema AE that shows enlargement of the leg, due to the accumulation of fluids. JX, LW, YH 下肢浮肿 edema of lower limbs AE Accelerated pulse AE is a cardiovascular AE that shows increased of the number of pulsations per minute palpable in an artery. JX, LW, YH 脉搏加快 accelerated pulse AE Bitter taste of mouth AE is a digestive system AE that is not from a bitter substance is a distorted sense of taste. A persistent bad taste in the mouth, whether bitter, metallic or foul, is called dysgeusia. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/bitter-taste-in-mouth 口苦 bitter taste of mouth AE Skin irritant reaction AE is a skin AE that shows rash, inflammation, swelling, scaling, or abnormal tissue which growth in the affected area. JX, LW, YH 皮肤刺激反应 skin irritant reaction AE Vitreous suspended substance AE is an eye AE shows vitreous suspended substance in the eyes. JX, LW, YH 玻璃体悬浮物 vitreous suspended substance AE Dreaminess AE is a sleep disorder AE that shows dreaminess in the sleeping. JX, LW, YH 多梦 dreaminess AE Abdominal spasm AE is a muscle spasm AE that is typically a feeling of cramping in the abdomen caused by a rigid expansion of muscles. It can vary from mild discomfort to moderate or severe pain. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-are-abdominal-spasms.htm 腹部痉挛 10051889 abdominal spasm AE Coronary contraction AE is a coronary artery disorder AE that shows coronary contraction. JX, LW, YH 冠状动脉收缩 coronary contraction AE Lower extremity edema caused by blood vessels AE is an edema AE that shows excess fluid accumalated in the leg dut to blood vessels. JX, LW, YH 因血管扩张引起的下肢水肿 lower extremity edema caused by blood vessels AE Asthenia of lower limbs AE is a asthenia AE that occurs in the lower limbs. It is a condition typified by a weakness of voluntary movement. JX, LW, YH 下肢无力 asthenia of lower limbs AE Small bronchial lumen occlusion AE is a lung disorder AE that shows small bronchial lumen occlusion. JX, LW, YH 小支气管腔闭塞 small bronchial lumen occlusion AE Prolonged orthostatic hypotension AE is a orthostatic hypotension AE that shows prolonged orthostatic hypotension. JX, LW, YH 延长体位性低血压时间 prolonged orthostatic hypotension AE an allergy AE that shows produce cross or incomplete cross allergic reaction to similar medicinal chemistry structure. JX, LW, YH 交叉过敏反应 cross allergic reaction AE Deep venous thrombophlebitis AE is a thrombophlebitis AE that is causes by a blood clot blocking in the deep vein. JX, LW, YH 深静脉血栓静脉炎 deep venous thrombophlebitis AE Change of hematology AE is a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that shows the change of hematology. JX, LW, YH 血液学改变 change of hematology AE Cardiac depression AE is a cardiac disorder AE that shows cardiac depression. JX, LW, YH 抑制心脏 cardiac depression AE Side limb numbness AE is a numbness AE that shows reduced or loss of sensation on the skin of an arm and leg on the same side of the body. JX, LW, YH 侧肢的麻木感 side limb numbness AE Numbness of tongue AE is a numbness AE that shows abnormal feeling or loss of sensation in the tongue. JX, LW, YH 舌部麻木 numbness of tongue AE Numbness of the limbs AE is a numbness AE that shows reduced or loss of sensation on the skin of the arm and leg. JX, LW, YH 肢体麻木 numbness of the limbs AE Lip numbness AE is a numbness AE that shows abnormal feeling in the lips, including numbness and tingling. JX, LW, YH 嘴唇发麻 lip numbness AE Reflex Increased pulse rate AE is a cardiovascular AE that shows increased pulse rate. JX, LW, YH 反射性脉率增加 reflex Increased pulse rate AE Irritation of the digestive tract AE is a digestive system AE that shows irritation of the digestive tract. JX, LW, YH 消化道刺激 irritation of the digestive tract AE Unconscious chorea AE is a chorea AE that is characterized by brief, non-repetitive irregular muscle contractions. JX, LW, YH 不自觉舞蹈症 unconscious chorea AE Phlebectasia of limbs AE is a vasodilatation AE that shows dilation of the veins in the extremity. JX, LW, YH 肢端静脉扩张 phlebectasia of limbs AE Heart beat skip AE is a irregular heartbeat AE which is sometimes called as either heart palpitation, or premature atrial or ventricular contraction are very common occurrences. They may or may not be accompanied by heart conditions or heart problems. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://ehealthwall.com/heart-skips-a-beat-causes-symptoms-treatment/ 漏跳 heart beat skip AE Fatal liver cell necrosis AE is a hepatic necrosis AE that has an outcome of fatal liver cell necrosis. JX, LW, YH 致命性肝细胞坏死 fatal liver cell necrosis AE Warm and hot feeling in the neck AE is a skini warm AE that shows warm and hot feeling in the neck. JX, LW, YH 颈感觉温热 warm and hot feeling in the neck AE Facial warm feeling AE is a skin warm AE that shows a warm feeling in the face. JX, LW, YH 面部感觉温热 facial warm feeling AE Increased peripheral vascular resistance AE is a vascular disorder AE that shows increased peripheral vascular resistance, the degree to which the blood vessels impede the flow of blood. High resistance causes an increase in blood pressure, which increases the workload of the heart. JX, LW, YH 外周血管阻力升高 increased peripheral vascular resistance AE Venous ischemia AE is an ischaemia AE that shows in insufficient blood supply in the vein. JX, LW, YH 静脉供血不足 venous ischemia AE Increased blood creatine AE is a metabolic and nutritional investigation result abnormal AE that shows an increased creatine level in blood. JX, LW, YH 血肌酸增加 increased blood creatine AE Increased nonprotein nitrogen AE is an investigation result abnormal AE that shows increased nonprotein nitrogen, the nitrogenous constituents of the blood exclusive of the protein bodies, consisting of the nitrogen of urea, uric acid, creatine, creatinine, amino acids, polypeptides, and an undetermined part known as rest nitrogen. JX, LW, YH 非蛋白氮增加 increased nonprotein nitrogen AE Soft feces AE is a abnormal stool AE that shows soft and shapeless of the feces. JX, LW, YH 软便 soft feces AE Increased hepatic function AE is a hepatic function abnormal AE that shows the values of liver function tests (LFTs) high than the normal. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/liver-function-test-lft 肝功能升高 increased hepatic function AE Knee pain AE is a pain AE that shows discomfort in the structures of both knees. Keen pain may be due to injury, inflammation or infection. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/knee-pain/basics/definition/CON-20029534 膝痛 10023477 knee pain AE Loss of libido AE is a libido disorder AE that shows loss of the desire for sexual interaction. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoactive_sexual_desire_disorder 性欲丧失 10024870 loss of libido AE Over sedation AE is a behavior and neurological AE that shows the over reduction of irritability or agitation. JX, LW, YH 过度镇静 over sedation AE Finger tremor AE is a tremor AE that shows involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation in the finger. JX, LW, YH 手指强硬颤动 finger tremor AE Leg cramp AE is a muscle cramp AE that shows tightening, or spasms, of the muscles in the legs. JX, LW, YH 腿部痉挛 leg cramp AE a sleep disorder AE in which there is an inability to fall asleep or to stay asleep as long as desired. YH, MW WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insomnia 10022437 Insomnia is a symptom of a sleeping disorder characterized by persistent difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep despite the opportunity. Insomnia is a symptom, not a stand-alone diagnosis or a disease. insomnia AE CTCAE: E12925 HPO: HP_0002360 SIDER: C0917801 Terminal insomnia AE is a insomnia AE that is a medical condition affecting sleep patterns. Typically, people who suffer from terminal insomnia wake up after only four to five hours of sleep. For those afflicted, getting back to sleep can be difficult, resulting in fatigue, irritability, and lack of concentration. JX, LW, YH matutinal insomnia AE WEB: http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-terminal-insomnia.htm 早醒 10068932 terminal insomnia AE Bone marrow granuloma AE is a bone marrow disorder AE that shows an organized collection of macrophages in the bone marrow. JX, LW, YH 骨髓肉芽肿 10066816 bone marrow granuloma AE Cholestatic liver injury AE is a liver damage AE that shows buildup of bile acids in hepatocytes, then causes hepatocellular injury. JX, LW ,YH 胆汁郁积性肝损伤 10067969 cholestatic liver injury AE Distant heart sounds AE is a cardiac disorder AE that shows distant heart sounds. JX, LW, YH 心音遥远 distant heart sounds AE Pink skin AE is a skin AE that shows pink skin. JX, LW, YH 皮肤粉红 pink skin AE Acute laryngeal edema AE is an edema AE that shows acute laryngeal edema, abnormal accumulation of fluid in tissues of any part of the larynx, commonly associated with laryngeal injuries and allergic reactions. JX, LW, YH 急性喉头水肿 10066705 acute laryngeal edema AE Hypoplastic bone marrow AE is a bone marrow disorder AE that shows insufficient blood stem cells in the marrow. JX, LW, YH 骨髓发育不全 hypoplastic bone marrow AE Bleeding and coagulation disorders AE is a hematopoietic system AE that shows bleeding and coagulation disorders. JX, LW, YH 出凝血功能障碍 bleeding and coagulation disorders AE Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia AE is a ventricular tachycardia AE that is an abnormally fast heart rhythm starting in the ventricles, the lower chambers of the heart. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.healthguideinfo.com/arrhythmias-heart-palpitations/p110132/ 多行性室性心动过速 10036095 polymorphic ventricular tachycardia AE Monomorphic ventricular tachycardia AE is a ventricular tachycardia AE that is a type of tachycardia which has a uniform beat-to-beat QRS morphology. JX, LW, YH 单行性室性心动过速 10058185 monomorphic ventricular tachycardia AE Respiratory tract symptoms AE is a respiratory system AE that is a series of discomforts which occurs in respiratory tract. JX, LW, YH 呼吸道症状 respiratory tract symptoms AE Clammy skin AE is a skin AE that occurs when the skin turns cooler than normal and is moist, despite a cooler surface temperature. Clammy skin is often pale. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/clammy-skin 皮肤湿冷 clammy skin AE Abnormal visual accommodation AE is an abnormal vision AE that shows abnormal visual accommodation. Accommodation is the process by which the vertebrate eye changes optical power to maintain a clear image or focus on an object as its distance varies. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodation_%28eye%29 视调节异常 abnormal visual accommodation AE an allergy AE that shows swelling and irritation of the skin, caused by an allergy to a substance in the environment. JX, LW, YH 皮肤过敏 skin allergy AE Heaviness of the head AE is a sensation of heaviness AE that shows a sensation feeling of heaviness in the head. JX, LW, YH 头重感 10049121 heaviness of the head AE Rheumatoid factor positive AE is an immunology and allergy investigation result abnormal AE that shows positive of the rheumatoid factor. Rheumatoid factor is a blood test that measures the amount of the RF antibody in the blood. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003548.htm 类风湿因子阳性 10039080 rheumatoid factor positive AE Retinal detachment AE is an eye AE that is a separation of the retina from its attachments to the underlying tissue within the eye. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/retinal_detachment/article.htm 视网膜脱离 10038848 retinal detachment AE CTCAE: E10420 NCIT: C26874 NCIt: C26874 Arm pain AE is a pain AE that shows discomfort in the structures of the arm. It can be caused by a wide variety of problems, ranging from joint injuries to compressed nerves. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/arm-pain/basics/definition/SYM-20050870 手臂疼痛 arm pain AE Peripheric paresthesia AE is a paresthesia AE that shows paresthesia in the peripheric area. JX, LW, YH 外周感觉异常 peripheric paresthesia AE Edema of glottis AE is an edema AE that is a swelling caused by fluid accumulation in the soft tissues of the larynx. The condition, usually inflammatory, may result from an infection, injury, allergy, or inhalation of toxic substances. JX, LW, YH 声门肿胀 edema of glottis AE Prolonged qrs complex AE is a electrocardiogram qrs complex abnormal AE that shows qrs complex prolonged. The QRS complex is a name for the combination of three of the graphical deflections seen on a typical electrocardiogram. JX, LW, YH QRS时间延长 prolonged qrs complex AE Prolonged bleeding time AE is a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that shows prolonged time for small blood vessels in the skin close to stop from bleeding. JX, LW, YH 出血时间延长 prolonged bleeding time AE Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis AE is a skin AE that is a not uncommon cutaneous reaction pattern that in 90% of cases is related to medication administration, characterized by a sudden eruption that appears on average five days after the medication is started. JX, LW, YH pustular drug eruption AE toxic pustuloderma AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_generalized_exanthematous_pustulosis 急性全身性浓疱病 10062372 acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis AE Upper and lower limbs flare AE is an edema AE that shows edema in the upper and lower limbs, which is an accumulation of an excessive amount of watery fluid in cells or intercellular tissues. JX, LW, YH 上下肢红肿 upper and lower limbs flare AE Abnormal blood sugar with empty stomach AE is a blood glucose level abnormal AE that shows abnormal blood glucose level with empty stomach. JX, LW, YH 空腹时血糖异常 abnormal blood sugar with empty stomach AE Increased blood sugar with empty stomach AE is blood glucose level decreased AE that shows an increased glucose level in blood with empty stomach. JX, LW, YH 空腹时血糖升高 increased blood sugar with empty stomach AE Hydrochloric acid in gastric juice secretion increased AE is a gastric disorder AE that shows increased gastric acid. JX, LW, YH 胃酸分泌增多 hydrochloric acid in gastric juice secretion increased AE Torsades de pointes AE is a ventricular tachycardia AE that is a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that exhibits distinct characteristics on the electrocardiogram. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torsades_de_pointes 扭转性室速 10044067 torsades de pointes AE Proximal myasthenia AE is a myasthenia AE that shows proximal myasthenia. Myasthenia represents myasthenia gravis, a neuromuscular disease leading to fluctuating muscle weakness and fatigability. JX, LW, YH 近端肌无力 proximal myasthenia AE Dilated skin vessels AE is a vasodilatation AE that shows vasodilatation in the skin, which refers to the widening of blood vessels resulting from relaxation of smooth muscle cells within the vessel walls, particularly in the large arteries, smaller arterioles and large veins. JX, LW, YH 皮肤血管扩张 dilated skin vessels AE Numbness of oral mucosa AE is a numbness AE that shows an abnormal feeling or loss of sensation in the oral mucosa. JX, LW, YH 口腔黏膜发麻 numbness of oral mucosa AE Orthostatic dizziness AE is a dizziness AE that shows dizziness provocation by sudden postural change. JX, LW, YH 体位性头晕 10031125 orthostatic dizziness AE Acid reflux AE is a digestive system AE that shows the acid and pepsin secreted in the stomach back up in to the esophagus. JX, LW, YH 反酸 10066872 acid reflux AE Jugular phlebectasia AE is a vasodilatation AE that is an isolated saccular or fusiform dilation of a vein without tortuosity. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3708235/ 颈静脉扩张 jugular phlebectasia AE Laryngeal edema AE is an edema AE that shows abnormal accumulation of fluid in tissues of any part of the larynx, commonly associated with laryngeal injuries and allergic reactions. JX, LW, YH, MW laryngeal oedema AE 喉肿胀 10023838 laryngeal edema AE CTCAE:E13393 NCIt:C79607 Flatus AE is a digestive system AE that shows gas or air expelled through the anus. JX, LW, YH 排气 10016769 flatus AE Continuous polymorphic ventricular tachycardia AE is a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia AE that shows polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is constantly. JX, LW, YH 连续性多形性室性心动过速 continuous polymorphic ventricular tachycardia AE Continuous polymorphic ventricular tachycardia AE is a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia AE that shows polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is intermittent. JX, LW, YH 间歇性多形性室性心动过速 intermittent polymorphic ventricular tachycardia AE Aggravated ulcer AE is a ulcer AE that shows aggravated ulcer. JX, LW, YH 溃疡加重 aggravated ulcer AE Heart failure increased AE is a cardiovascular disorder AE that shows aggravated heart failure. JX, LW, YH 心脏衰竭加重 heart failure increased AE Aggravated angina symptoms AE is a angina pectoris AE that shows aggravated angina symptoms. JX, LW, YH 心绞痛症状加剧 aggravated angina symptoms AE Aggravated renal injury AE is a renal impairment AE that shows aggravated renal injury. JX, LW, YH 肾损害加剧 aggravated renal injury AE Aggravated fatigue AE is a fatigue AE that shows aggravated fatigue. JX, LW, YH 脱力感加重 aggravated fatigue AE Persistent nausea AE is a nausea AE that shows constant nausea. Nausea is considered "persistent" if it continues for more than 2 days, or keeps recurring even after treatment. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.all4naturalhealth.com/persistent-nausea.html 持续恶心 persistent nausea AE Aggravated Raynaud's syndrome AE is a Raynaud's syndrome AE that shows aggravated Raynaud's syndrome. JX, LW, YH Raynaud综合征加重 aggravated Raynaud's syndrome AE Increased gastric acid secretion with high dose AE is a gastric disorder AE that shows increased gastric acid secretion with high dose. JX, LW, YH 高剂量时胃酸分泌增加 increased gastric acid secretion with high dose AE Persistent vomiting AE is a vomiting AE that occurs frequently throughout the day and is often triggered by even small meals. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.healthhype.com/persistent-and-recurrent-vomiting-emesis-in-adults-and-children.html 持续呕吐 10034716 persistent vomiting AE Hypoacusis AE is a hearing disorder AE that shows partial or complete loss of the ability to detect or understand sounds resulting from damage to the outer, middle, or inner ear structures. Causes include exposure to loud noise, ear infections, injuries to the ear, genetic, and congenital disorders. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypoacusis 突发听力减退 10048865 hypoacusis AE Lip cyanosis AE is a cyanosis AE that is a condition in which the lips have a bluish discoloration due to a lack of oxygen in the tissues. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/sym/lip_cyanosis.htm 嘴唇发紫 lip cyanosis AE Nail cyanosis AE is a cyanosis AE that shows a dark bluish or purple nail resulting from deficient oxygenation of the blood. JX, LW, YH 指甲青紫 nail cyanosis AE Renal dysfunction AE is a kidney AE that has an outcome of reduced capacity to excrete metabolic products which accumulate systemically and are detectable clinicopathologically by renal function tests. The early stage of uremia. This term appears to be a synonym to the 'renal failure AE'. JX, LW, YH hepatic and renal function disorder AE 肾功能障碍 renal insufficiency AE UMLS ID: C0859242 JX, LW, YH Hemolysis AE is a hematopoietic system AE that is the rupturing of erythrocytes (red blood cells) and the release of their contents (cytoplasm) into surrounding fluid. WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemolysis 溶血 10019491 hemolysis AE CTCAE: E10037 NCIt: C37965 Lip angioedema AE is a angioedema AE that shows lip angioedema, which is the rapid swelling (edema) of the dermis, subcutaneous tissue, mucosa and submucosal tissues. JX, LW, YH 唇血管神经性水肿 lip angioedema AE Tongue angioedema AE is a angioedema AE that shows tongue angioedema, which is the rapid swelling (edema) of the dermis, subcutaneous tissue, mucosa and submucosal tissues. JX, LW, YH 舌血管神经性水肿 tongue angioedema AE Acousma AE is a sensory capability AE that shows a hallucinatory impression of strange sounds. JX, LW, YH 幻听 acousma AE Eye burning AE is a eye AE that shows a feeling of burning in the eye. JX, LW, YH 眼睛灼烧感 eye burning AE Worsening renal function AE is a kidney AE that shows worsening renal function. JX, LW, YH 肾功能恶化 worsening renal function AE Mild change of hematology AE is a change of hematology AE that shows mild change of hematology. JX, LW, YH 轻度的血液学改变 mild change of hematology AE Moderate change of hematology AE is a change of hematology AE that shows moderate change of hematology. JX, LW, YH 中度的血液学改变 moderate change of hematology AE Severe lower blood pressure AE is a hypotension AE that shows severe sustained low blood pressure at a level that is likely to result in cardiovascular disease and/or other pathological states. JX, LW, YH significantly decreased blood pressure AE 严重的血压降低 severe lower blood pressure AE Elevated blood transaminase reversibility AE is a transaminase level increased AE that shows elevated levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase reversibly. JX, LW, YH 血氨基转移酶可逆性升高 elevated blood transaminase reversibility AE Mild gastrointestinal tract reaction AE is a gastrointestinal disorder AE that shows a mild gastrointestinal disorder. JX, LW, YH 轻度胃肠道反应 mild gastrointestinal tract reaction AE Temporary abdominal distention AE is a abdominal distension AE that shows a temporary sensation of elevated abdominal pressure and volume. JX, LW, YH 暂时性腹胀 temporary abdominal distention AE Transient nausea AE is a nausea AE that is a gastric discomfort associated with the inclination to vomit. JX, LW, YH 暂时性恶心 transient nausea AE Persistent tachycardia AE is a tachycardia AE that is an increased heart rate that exceeds the normal range for a resting heartrate (heartrate in an inactive or sleeping individual). It's a constant process. JX, LW, YH 持续心动过速 persistent tachycardia AE Mild headache AE is a headache AE that shows mild headache. JX, LW, YH 轻度头痛 mild headache AE Transient hypoxemia AE is a hypoxia AE that is a reduced concentration of O2 in the blood, alveoli or other tissues resulting in the decreased pressure of this component of body gases. JX, LW, YH 瞬态低氧血症 transient hypoxemia AE Transient neuroticism AE is a neuroticism AE that is a type of personality trait that contrasts adjustment or emotional stability with maladjustment. Experience of anxiety, anger, disgust, sadness, embarrassment, and a variety of other negative emotions. JX, LW, YH 瞬态神经质 transient neuroticism AE Constant irritability AE is a irritability AE that shows in the patient being easily annoyed/irritated constantly. JX, LW, YH 持续烦躁 constant irritability AE Abnormal atony AE is a asthenia AE that is a medical term denoting symptoms of physical weakness and loss of strength. JX, LW, YH 异常无力 abnormal atony AE Secondary hypotension AE is a hypotension AE that is a type of hypertension which by definition is caused by an identifiable underlying secondary cause. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_hypertension 继发性高血压 secondary hypotension AE Transient elevated serum transaminase AE is a transaminase level increased AE that shows elevated levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase transiently. JX, LW, YH 瞬时血清转氨酶升高 transient elevated serum transaminase AE Transient elevated blood urea nitrogen AE is a blood urea level increased AE that shows a transient increase in amount of urea in blood. JX, LW, YH 瞬时血尿素氮升高 transient elevated blood urea nitrogen AE Apparent increased blood creatine phosphokinase AE is a blood creatine phosphokinase level increased AE that is characterized by an apparent increased level of creatine phosphokinase or phosphocreatine kinase. JX, LW, YH 明显的血肌酸磷酸激酶增高 apparent increased blood creatine phosphokinase AE Severe rhabdomyolysis AE is a rhabdomyolysis AE that shows in severe damaged skeletal muscle tissue breaks down rapidly. JX, LW, YH 严重的横纹肌溶解症 severe rhabdomyolysis AE Mild gastrointestinal bleeding AE is a gastrointestinal hemorrhage AE that shows mild gastrointestinal hemorrhage. JX, LW, YH 胃肠道轻微出血 mild gastrointestinal bleeding AE Occult gastrointestinal tract bleeding AE is a gastrointestinal hemorrhage AE that shows occult gastrointestinal hemorrhage. JX, LW, YH 胃肠道隐匿性出血 occult gastrointestinal tract bleeding AE Nitrate headache AE is a headache AE that that is a special headache induced by nitrate. JX, LW, YH 硝酸盐性头痛 nitrate headache AE Pantomorphia erythema exudativum AE is a skin AE that is a skin condition of unknown cause, possibly mediated by deposition of immune complex (mostly IgM) in the superficial microvasculature of the skin and oral mucous membrane that usually follows an infection or drug exposure. It is an uncommon disorder, with peak incidence in the second and third decades of life. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythema_multiforme 多形性渗出性红斑 pantomorphia erythema exudativum AE High hypodynamia AE is a fatigue AE that is a state of awareness describing a range of afflictions, usually associated with physical and/or mental weakness, though varying from a general state of lethargy to a specific work-induced burning sensation within one's muscles. Physical fatigue is the inability to continue functioning at the level of one's normal abilities. JX, LW, YH 高度乏力 high hypodynamia AE Short-time nausea AE is a nausea AE that shows a gastric discomfort associated with the inclination to vomit. JX, LW, YH 短暂的恶心 short-time nausea AE Slightly increased aspartic transaminase AE is a aspartate aminotransferase level increased AE that shows a slightly increased amount of AST which is an enzyme normally present in body tissues especially of the heart and liver, JX, LW, YH 门冬氨酸氨基转移酶轻度升高 slightly increased aspartic transaminase AE Slightly increased alanine aminotransferase AE is a alanine aminotransferase level increased AE that shows elevated levels of alanine transaminase slightly. JX, LW, YH 丙氨酸氨基转移酶轻度升高 slightly increased alanine aminotransferase AE Slightly increased lactic dehydrogenase AE is a blood lactate dehydrogenase level increased AE that shows a slightly increased amount of LDH which is an enzyme that could indicate tissue damage. JX, LW, YH 乳酸脱氢酶轻度升高 slightly increased lactic dehydrogenase AE Slightly increased alkaline phosphatase AE is a blood alkaline phosphatase increased AE that shows elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase slightly. JX, LW, YH 碱性磷酸酶轻度升高 slightly increased alkaline phosphatase AE Slightly increased glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase AE is a aspartate aminotransferase level increased AE that shows a slightly increased amount of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase in the heart and liver. JX, LW, YH 谷草转氨酶轻度升高 slightly increased glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase AE Slightly increased glutamic pyruvic transaminase AE is a alanine aminotransferase level increased AE that shows eelevated levels of glutamic pyruvic transaminase in the liver. JX, LW, YH 谷丙转氨酶轻度升高 slightly increased glutamic pyruvic transaminase AE Transient ischemic stroke AE is a ischemic stroke AE that occurs when a blood vessel that supplies the brain becomes blocked or "clogged" and impairs blood flow to part of the brain. JX, LW, YH 暂时性缺血性中风 transient ischemic stroke AE Evidently increased hepatic lipase AE is a hepatic enzyme increased AE that shows an evidently increase in amount of hepatic enzyme in body, commonly includes ALT and AST. It may indicate inflammation or damage to liver cells. JX, LW, YH 肝酶显著增加 evidently increased hepatic lipase AE Mild decline in blood pressure AE is a hypotension AE that shows mild sustained low blood pressure at a level that is likely to result in cardiovascular disease and/or other pathological states. JX, LW, YH 血压轻度下降 mild decline in blood pressure AE Transient cerebral ischemic attacks AE is a cerebral ischemia AE that shows the sudden death of brain cells in a localized area due to inadequate blood flow. JX, LW, YH 短暂脑缺血发作 transient cerebral ischemic attacks AE Transient hypotension AE is a hypotension AE that shows transient sustained low blood pressure at a level that is likely to result in cardiovascular disease and/or other pathological states. JX, LW, YH 瞬时低血压 transient hypotension AE Obviously decreased blood pressure AE is a hypotension AE that shows obviously sustained low blood pressure at a level that is likely to result in cardiovascular disease and/or other pathological states. JX, LW, YH significantly decreased blood pressure AE 血压明显下降 obviously decreased blood pressure AE Transient dizzy AE is a dizziness AE that shows transient dizziness. JX, LW, YH 瞬时头晕 transient dizzy AE Short-time hepatic function disorder AE is a hepatic function abnormal AE that shows a short-time abnormal functionality of the liver. JX, LW, YH 短暂肝功能异常 short-time hepatic function disorder AE A slightly elevated plasma creatinine level AE is a blood creatinine level increased AE that shows an slightly increased level of creatinine in the blood (due to lack of kidney activity). JX, LW, YH 血浆肌酐水平的轻微升高 a slightly elevated plasma creatinine level AE Sudden fall of blood pressure AE is a hypotension AE that shows sudden sustained low blood pressure at a level that is likely to result in cardiovascular disease and/or other pathological states. JX, LW, YH 血压突然降低 sudden fall of blood pressure AE Severe hypertension AE is a hypotension AE that shows severe sustained high blood pressure at a level that is likely to result in cardiovascular disease and/or other pathological states. JX, LW, YH 严重高血压 severe hypertension AE Severe arrhythmia AE is an arrhythmia AE that shows severe abnormal heart rhythm. JX, LW, YH 严重心律失常 severe arrhythmia AE Clinically significant rise of serum transaminase AE is a transaminase level increased AE that shows elevated levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase significantly. JX, LW, YH 血清转氨酶有临床显著升高 clinically significant rise of serum transaminase AE Instantaneous sand-blind AE is a vision blurred AE that shows in instantaneous unclear vision. JX, LW, YH 瞬时视觉模糊 instantaneous sand-blind AE Moderately increased urinary nitrogen AE is a blood urea level increased AE that shows a moderately increase in amount of urea in blood. JX, LW, YH 尿素中度升高 moderately increased urinary nitrogen AE Slightly increased urinary nitrogen AE is a blood urea level increased AE that shows a slightly increase in amount of urea in blood. JX, LW, YH 尿素水平轻微升高 slightly increased urinary nitrogen AE Moderately elevated serum creatinine AE is a blood creatinine level increased AE that shows an moderately increased level of creatinine in the blood (due to lack of kidney activity). JX, LW, YH 血肌酐中度升高 moderately elevated serum creatinine AE Slightly increased aminotransferase AE is a transaminase level increased AE that shows slightly elevated levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase. JX, LW, YH 轻度氨基转氨酶升高 slightly increased aminotransferase AE Severe dizziness AE is a dizziness AE that shows severe dizziness. JX, LW, YH 严重眩晕 severe dizziness AE Mild abdominal discomfort AE is a abdominal discomfort AE that shows a mild stomach ache. JX, LW, YH 轻微腹部不适 mild abdominal discomfort AE A blood potassium decreased quality where the amount of potassium in the blood is moderately decreased. JX, LW, YH, MW 血清钾浓度的轻度降低 serum potassium concentration of moderately reduced Rebound Increased blood pressure AE is a hypertension AE that shows rebound sustained high blood pressure at a level that is likely to result in cardiovascular disease and/or other pathological states. JX, LW, YH 反跳性血压升高 rebound Increased blood pressure AE Excessive lowering of blood pressure AE is a hypotension AE that shows excessive sustained low blood pressure at a level that is likely to result in cardiovascular disease and/or other pathological states. JX, LW, YH 血压过度降低 excessive lowering of blood pressure AE Short-time increased blood sugar AE is a blood glucose level increased AE that shows a short-time increased glucose level in blood. JX, LW, YH 短暂血糖升高 short-time increased blood sugar AE Mild nausea AE is a nausea AE that shows mild nausea. JX, LW, YH 轻度恶心 mild nausea AE Significant and persistent rise of serum transaminase AE is a transaminase level increased AE that shows elevated levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase significantly and persistently. JX, LW, YH 血清氨基转移酶显著和持续性升高 significant and persistent rise of serum transaminase AE Elevated serum transaminase reversibility AE is a transaminase level increased AE that shows elevated levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase reversibly. JX, LW, YH 血清氨基转移酶可逆性升高 elevated serum transaminase reversibility AE Reversible increased creatine phosphokinase AE is a blood creatine phosphokinase level increased AE that is characterized by an reversible increased level of creatine phosphokinase or phosphocreatine kinase. JX, LW, YH 肌酸磷酸激酶可逆性升高 reversible increased creatine phosphokinase AE Persistent and significant increase of serum transaminase AE is a transaminase level increased AE that shows elevated levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase significantly and persistently. JX, LW, YH 血清转氨酶显著和持续性升高 persistent and significant increase of serum transaminase AE Severe bradycardia AE is a bradycardia AE that shows in a resting heart rate of under 60 beats per minutes (BPM). JX, LW, YH 严重心动过缓 severe bradycardia AE Apparent hypotensive reaction AE is a hypotension AE that shows apparent sustained low blood pressure at a level that is likely to result in cardiovascular disease and/or other pathological states. JX, LW, YH 显著的低血压反应 apparent hypotensive reaction AE Severe skin flush AE is a hot flush AE that shows severe hot flush. JX, LW, YH 显著皮肤潮红 severe skin flush AE Transient sinus cardiac arrest AE is a sinus arrest AE that shows an electrocardiographic finding of transient impulse formation failure in the sinus node. JX, LW, YH 瞬时窦性停搏 transient sinus cardiac arrest AE Low-grade gastralgia AE is a stomacheache AE that shows a low-grade painful sensation in the stomach. JX, LW, YH 轻度胃痛 low-grade gastralgia AE Severe headache AE is a headache AE that shows severe headache. JX, LW, YH 严重头痛 severe headache AE Persistent headache AE is a headache AE that shows persistent headache. JX, LW, YH 持续头痛 persistent headache AE Proarrhythmic effect AE is an arrhythmia AE that is a new or more frequent occurrence of pre-existing arrhythmias, paradoxically precipitated by antiarrhythmic therapy, which means it is a side effect associated with the administration of some existing antiarrhythmic drugs, as well as drugs for other indications. In other words, it is a tendency of antiarrhythmic drugs to facilitate emergence of new arrhythmias. JX, LW, YH arhythmia auxo-action AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proarrhythmia 致心律失常 10036766 proarrhythmic effect AE a metabolism, endocrine, and exocrine system AE that has an outcome of acidosis, i.e., too much acid in the body fluids. Blood pH Decreased URL: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001181.htm 10000486 10005706 YH, SJ, MW acidosis AE CTCAE:E12237 NCIt:C28228 Increased tendency of biliary calculus AE is a liver, biliary, and pancreatic AE that shows an increased tendency of biliary calculus. JX, LW, YH 胆石增加的趋势 increased tendency of biliary calculus AE Temporarily lose consciousness AE is a sensory capability AE that shows temporarily lose consciousness. JX, LW, YH 暂时失去知觉 temporarily lose consciousness AE Increase breast cancer occurrence AE is a breast cancer AE that shows increase breast cancer occurrence. JX, LW, YH 乳腺癌发生增加 increase breast cancer occurrence AE Anticholinergic effect AE is a conduction system disorder AE that is physical symptoms resulting from agents that counter the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter (chemical within the nervous system) that is involved in many major bodily functions. These anticholinergic effects typically include constipation, dry mouth, blurred vision, dizziness, and slowing of urination. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://ibs.about.com/od/glossary/g/Anticholeffect.htm 经讯号传导阻断效应 anticholinergic effect AE a musculoskeletal system AE that has an outcome of diaphragmatic muscle replaced by fibroelestic tissue. The diaphragm retains its continuity and attachments to the costal margin. However, the weakened hemidiaphragm is displaced into the thorax, which can compromise breathing. SJ, YH URL: http://www.uptodate.com/contents/eventration-of-the-diaphragm-in-infants 10000486 acquired diaphragmatic eventration AE Neutrophilopenia AE is a neutrophil count decreased AE that shows the number of neutrophil is decreased. JX, LW, YH 中性白细胞减少 neutrophilopenia AE Abnormal leucocyte neutrophil AE is a neutrophil percentage abnormal AE that shows abnormal leucocyte neutrophil. JX, LW, YH 嗜中性白细胞异常 abnormal leucocyte neutrophil AE Abnormal eosinocyte AE is an eosinophil count abnormal AE that shows abnormal eosinocyte. JX, LW, YH 嗜酸性粒细胞异常 abnormal eosinocyte AE Eosinopenia AE is an eosinophil count abnormal AE that is a form of agranulocytosis where the number of eosinophil granulocytes is lower than expected. JX, LW, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eosinopenia 嗜酸细胞减少症 10014940 eosinopenia AE Aggravated peptic ulcer AE is a duodenal ulcer AE that shows aggravated peptic ulcer. JX, LW, YH 消化性溃疡加重 aggravated peptic ulcer AE Local tissue necrosis AE is a necrosis AE that shows local tissue necrosis. JX, LW, YH 局部组织坏死 local tissue necrosis AE a cardiac disorder AE that is characterized by a necrosis of the myocardium caused by diminished blood supply to the heart SJ, YH URL: http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/diseasemanagement/cardiology/acute-myocardial-infarction/ 10000891 acute myocardial infarction AE an endocrine system AE that results in a life threatening condition due to a lack of cortisol produced by the adrenal glands SJ, YH URL: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000357.htm 10001389 acute adrenal crisis AE YH, SJ URL http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laneur/article/PIIS1474-4422%2814%2970102-4/abstract 10053552 a pain AE that results in pain from a stimulus that does not usually provoke pain allodynia AE an embolism AE in which amniotic fluid, fetal cells, hair or other debris enter the maternal circulation resulting in cardiorespiratory collapse SJ, YH Anaphylactoid Syndrome of Pregnancy WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/253068-overview 10001977 amniotic fluid embolism AE a muscular weakness AE that has an outcome of weakness followed by wasting of muscles, and excruciating pain in the muscles of the thigh, hip, and buttocks YH, SJ diabetic lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy diabetic polyradiculoneuropathy proximal diabetic neuropathy 10002027 diabetic amyotrophy AE an adverse drug event that results in unexpected and unwanted events due to anesthetic drug treatment SJ, YH WEB: https://www.dha.gov.ae/EN/Facilities/Hospitals/RashidHospital/SpecializedMedicalService/ClinicalServices/Anesthesiologyandinterventionalpain/pages/sideeffects.aspx 10060938 anesthetic complication AE an anus AE that results in the development of a small channel between the end of the bowel and the skin near the anus SJ, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.boots.com/digestive-disorders/anal-fistula 10002156 anal fistula AE CTCAE: E10464 NCIt: C60785 postoperative anemia AE is an anemia AE that occurs when a patient with acute bleeding loses enough blood to become anemic SJ, YH bleeding and acute blood loss anemia WEB: http://www.acphospitalist.org/archives/2012/02/coding.htm 10054312 postoperative anemia AE a behavior and neurological AE that results in antagonism toward someone or something you feel has deliberately done you wrong: excessive anger can cause problems including increased blood pressure and other physical changes that make it difficult to think straight and can harm your physical and mental health. SJ, YH WEB: http://apa.org/topics/anger/index.aspx 10002368 anger AE a musculoskeletal system AE that results in the formation of fibrous band between tissues and organs, often as a result of injury during surgery SJ, YH URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesion_%28medicine%29 10059837 adhesion AE a crying abnormal AE that refers to a neurologic disorder characterized by involuntary crying or uncontrollable episodes of crying and/or laughing, or other emotional displays YH, SJ emotional incontinence emotional lability labile affect WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudobulbar_affect 10054196 pseudobulbar affect AE cardiovascular AE that results in disease of the arteries, veins, and capillaries SJ, YH macroangiopathy microangiopathy WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6853 10059245 angiopathy AE a cardiovascular AE that results in the walls of small blood vessels becoming so thick and weak that they bleed, leak protein, and slow the flow of blood SJ, YH WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6853 10062198 microangiopathy AE a cardiovascualr AE that results in the build up of fat and blood clots in the large blood vessels, stick to the vessel walls, and block the flow of blood SJ, YH cerebrovascular disease coronary artery disease peripheral vascular disease WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6853 10054805 macroangiopathy AE a muscle AE that results in a congenital anomaly in which a short, lingual frenulum or a highly-attached genioglossus muscle restricts tongue movement SJ, YH tongue-tie WEB: http://www.uptodate.com/contents/ankyloglossia-tongue-tie-in-infants-and-children 10049244 ankyloglossia AE a digestive system AE that results in a group of medical disorders that occur at the junction of the anal canal and the rectum SJ, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Anorectal+Disorders 10002644 anorectal disorder AE a hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of bleeding from or in to the genital tract, occurring from 24 weeks of pregnancy and prior to the birth of the baby. YH, SJ WEB: https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/gtg63_05122011aph.pdf 10055228 antepartum hemorrhage AE Brain damage AE that results in a persistent vegetative state SJ, YH WEB: http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/a/apallic_syndrome/intro.htm 10002941 apallic syndrome AE APGAR is a quick test performed on a neonate at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. The 1-minute score determines how well the baby tolerated the birthing process. The 5-minute score tells the doctor how well the baby is doing outside the mother's womb. Any score lower than 7 is a sign that the baby needs medical attention. The lower the score, the more help the baby needs to adjusting outside the mother's womb YH, SJ WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003402.htm 10002944 10062552 APGAR score low AE a brain disorder AE that causes a person to lose the ability to communicate. Aphasia can affect the ability to express and understand language, both verbal and written. Aphasia typically occurs suddenly after a stroke or a head injury, but it can also come on gradually from a slowly growing brain tumor or a degenerative disease SJ, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/aphasia/basics/definition/con-20027061 10002948 aphasia AE a tumor AE that results in pouches of cerebrospinal fluid covered by arachnoidal cells and collagen that may develop between the surface of the brain and the cranial base or on the arachnoid membrane SJ, YH WEB:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arachnoid_cyst 10049005 arachnoid cyst AE a brain disorder AE that causes inflammation of the arachnoid, one of the membranes known as meninges that surround and protect the nerves of the central nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord. SJ, YH, MW WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arachnoiditis 10003074 arachnoiditis AE CTCAE:E12591 NCIt:C37913 A pregnancy AE that results in an interruption in the labor process that is associated with uterine contractions. SJ, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/arrested+labor 10003118 arrested labor AE an arrhythmia AE that is characterized by shortness of breath, heart palpitations, chest tightness, and a very fast pulse. Supraventricular arrhythmias begin in the areas above the heart’s lower chambers, such as the upper chambers (the atria) or the atrial conduction pathways. SJ, YH atrial arrhythmia WEB: http://www.texasheart.org/HIC/Topics/cond/arrhycat.cfm 10003130 supraventricular arrhythmia AE a cardiac disorder AE which causes a spasm of the large- or medium-sized coronary arteries SJ, YH coronary artery spasm coronary artery vasospasm coronary vasospasm WEB: http://sideeffects.embl.de/se/C0010073/pt 10003225 coronary arteriospasm AE joint range of motion decreased AE caused by an excessive amount of scar tissue forming within the joint and surrounding soft tissue spaces SJ, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthrofibrosis 10058029 arthrofibrosis AE arteriosclerosis AE is a cardiovascular AE that results in blood vessels and arteries becoming thick and stiff which can restrict blood flow to organs and tissues. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/arteriosclerosis-atherosclerosis/basics/definition/con-20026972 10003210 arteriosclerosis AE atheroslcerosis AE is a specific arteriosclerosis AE that refers to the buildup of fats, cholesterol and other substances in and on artery walls which can restrict blood flow. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/arteriosclerosis-atherosclerosis/basics/definition/con-20026972 10003601 atherosclerosis AE atrial tachycardia AE is a tachycardia AE that results in a fast heart rate beginning in the upper chambers of the heart SJ, YH paroxysmal atrial tachycardia paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia supraventricular tachycardia WEB: http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Arrhythmia/AboutArrhythmia/Tachycardia-Fast-Heart-Rate_UCM_302018_Article.jsp# 10003668 10034040 atrial tachycardia AE CTCAE: E10166 NCIt: C34900 a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that results in high blood cortisol levels SJ, YH URL: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003693.htm 10005458 blood cortisol decreased AE may indicate that the patient has cushing disease, ectopic cushing syndrome, or a tumor of the adrenal gland that is producing too much cortisol. blood cortisol increased AE a cardiovascular disorder AE that results in easy or excessive bruising and bleeding. The bleeding results from unusually low levels of platelets. SJ, YH immune thrombocytopenic purpura WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/idiopathic-thrombocytopenic-purpura/basics/definition/con-20034239 10050245 idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura AE YH, SJ WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=2477 10005063 a pain AE that is observed in the bladder, usually a symptom of bladder infection. bladder pain AE an eye AE that results in involuntary, forcible closure of the eyelids.The spasms may leave the eyelids completely closed, causing functional blindness even though the eyes and vision are normal. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=2481 10005159 blepharospasm AE an abnormal vision AE which has an outcome of loss of vision in one eye that is not permanent. SJ, YH blindness unilateral WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaurosis_fugax 10005186 amaurosis fugax AE a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that results in low blood cortisol levels SJ, YH URL: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003693.htm 10005457 blood cortisol decreased AE may indicate that the patient has addison disease, hypopituitarism, suppression of normal pituitary or adrenal function. blood cortisol decreased AE a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that results in high blood creatine levels SJ, YH URL: http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/creatinine/basics/definition/prc-20014534 10005464 blood creatine increased AE may indicate that the kidneys are not fucntioning properly blood creatine increased AE a surgical procedure that replaces missing bone in order to repair bone fractures that are extremely complex, pose a significant health risk to the patient, or fail to heal properly YH, SJ 10005971 bone graft procedure a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that signifies that a patient is allergic to a particular substance SJ, YH WEB: http://kidshealth.org/parent/system/medical/test_ige.html 10005591 blood immunoglobin E increased AE a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that results in low levels of testosterone which can lead to infertility and a low sex drive SJ, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/men/testosterone-15738 10005814 blood testosterone decreased AE A macrocytic anemia AE is an anemia AE that has an outcome of a macrocytic anemia, which is an anemia (defined as blood with an insufficient concentration of hemoglobin) in which the red blood cells (erythrocytes) are larger than their normal volume. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrocytic_anemia 10002064 macrocytic anemia AE a bone disorder AE that has an outcome of low bone densityl, but not low enough to be considered osteoporosis SJ, YH WEB: http://nof.org/articles/9 10049470 low bone density AE a surgical AE that occurs after a bone graftr procedure, which replaces missing bone in order to repair bone fractures that are extremely complex, pose a significant health risk to the patient, or fail to heal properly. SJ, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_grafting bone graft AE bone marrow edema AE is an edema AE that occurs when excess fluids in the bone marrow buildup and cause swelling. This condition is often caused by a protective reaction of the body in response to an injury or inflammation SJ, YH WEB: http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-bone-marrow-edema.htm 10051763 bone marrow edema AE an investigation result abnormal AE that detects areas of increased or decreased bone activity. These may indicate bone injury or disease. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.mountsinai.org/patient-care/health-library/treatments-and-procedures/bone-scan 10061941 bone scan abnormal AE Nervous system AE that covers a variety of conditions that may impair function of the brachial plexus nerve network, most of which are caused by trauma. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/neurology_neurosurgery/centers_clinics/peripheral_nerve_surgery/conditions/brachial_plexus_injury_bpi.html 10006074 brachial plexus injury AE a bradycardia AE that results in a disturbance in the heart rhythm in which the heart rate is abnormally slowed. SJ, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bradyarrhythmia 10049765 bradyarrhythmia AE a bradycardia AE that results in a fetal heart rate of less than 120 beats per minute, generally associatedwith hypoxia SJ, YH WEB:http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/fetal+bradycardia 10006094 bradycardia fetal AE a brain disorder AE that results in the complete and irreversible loss of brain function SJ, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_death 10049054 brain death AE a brain disorder AE that results in brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, and blood vessels being moved or pressed away from their usual position inside the skull. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001421.htm 10006126 brain herniation AE a brain injury AE,  injury to the brain caused by an external force, that results in a brain AE SJ, YH Traumatic Brain Injury WEB: http://www.biausa.org/FAQRetrieve.aspx?ID=43913 10067967 brain injury AE a brain mass AE is a mass or growth of abnormal cells in your brain or close to your brain SJ, YH Brain Neoplasm Brain Tumor Intercranial Neosplasm WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/brain-tumor/home/ovc-20117132 10052334 10061019 brain mass AE an imaging investigation result abnormal AE shows how the brain and its tissues are working. Abnormal results may be due to: Alzheimer’s disease or dementia, brain tumors, epilepsy, and movement disorders. SJ, YH PET scan WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007341.htm 10061943 brain scan abnormal AE Eyelid disorder AE is a eye AE that is a condition specifically affects the eyelid. It can include drooping, twitching, inflammation, paralysis, and growths. Occasional fluttering of one eyelid is normal. JX, LW WEB: http://www.healthline.com/health/eyelid-disorders#Overview1 10061130 eyelid disorder AE Hepatic steatosis AE is a liver disorder AE than popularly called as ‘fatty liver’ is a pathological aspect of liver, whose specific cells (hepatocytes) are filled with lipids (fats). It is a reversible liver disease: ‘is not still very ill, but cries for help’. JX, LW WEB: http://www.bendomd.com/272-hepatic-steatosis-causes-symptoms-treatment.html 10019708 hepatic steatosis AE An arthropathy AE is a joint pain AE that has an outcome of arthropahty, which is any disorder of the joints. This is an AE which is an injury to the abdomen and its signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, rigidity, and bruising of the external abdomen. KM, YH QY, JX, HY WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthropathy, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/arthropathy http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_trauma 腹部损伤 10003285 10060924 abdominal injury AE arthropathy AE NCIT: C35760 A balantis AE is a reproductive system AE that has an outcome of a balantis, which is an infectious or non-infectious inflammatory process that affects the glans penis. Symptoms include redness and pain of the glans penis and foreskin and discharge. KM, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000862.htm, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balanitis 10004073 balanitis AE Pruritus genital AE is a pruritus AE that also called genital itching, Itching in the genital region can result from irritation, allergy, inflammation, infection or cancer. Irritation can occur as a result of exposure to chemicals in soaps, feminine hygiene products, perfumes, lubricants, douches, and creams. JX, LW genital itching AE WEB: http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/genital-itching 10037093 pruritus genital AE cholecystitis AE is an gallbladder enlargement AE that has an outcome of cholecystitis, which is an acute or chronic inflammation involving the gallbladder wall. It may be associated with the presence of gallstones. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholecystitis, http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cholecystitis/basics/definition/con-20034277 10008612 cholecystitis AE CTCAE: E11184 NCIT: C34465 NCIt: C34465 Chromaturia AE is an urine abnormality AE that has an outcome of chromaturia, which is an abnormal coloration of the urine. KM, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/chromaturia 10008796 chromaturia AE Chromosome abnormality AE is a genetic AE that has an outcome of chromsome abnormality which is a missing, extra, or irregular protion of chromosomal DNA. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_abnormality 10008815 chromosome abnormality AE A coagulopathy AE is a blood disorder AE that has an outcome of coagulopathy, which is a condition in which there is a deviation from or interruption of the normal coagulation properties of the blood. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulopathy 10009802 coagulopathy AE Combined immunodeficiency AE is an immune system AE that has an outcome of combined immunodeficiency, which represents a group of rare, sometimes fatal, congenital disorders characterized by little or no immune response. KM, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22254/ 10010099 combined immunodeficiency AE Hepatic enzyme abnormal AE is a liver related investigation result abnormal AE that the lab test result of hepatic enzyme deviates from its normal value. JX, YH 10062685 hepatic enzyme abnormal AE A coronary artery aneurysm AE is a coronary artery disorder AE that has an outcome of coronary artery aneurysm, which is a coronary dilatation which exceeds the diameter of normal adjacent segments or the diameter of the patient's largest coronary vessel by 1.5 times. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_artery_aneurysm WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9247557 10011071 coronary artery aneurysm AE Injection site atrophy AE is an injection-site AE that muscle atrophy occur in the injection site. JX, YH 10022048 injection site atrophy AE A cutaneous tuberculosis AE is a tuberculosis AE that has an outcome of cutaneous tuberculosis, which is an invasion of the skin by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. KM, YH WEB: http://www.dermnetnz.org/bacterial/tuberculosis.html 10011684 cutaneous tuberculosis AE Breath sounds abnormal AE is a respiratory system AE that is characterized by abnormal breath sound, it can indicate fluid in the lungs or asthma. JX, LW WEB: http://www.healthline.com/health/breath-sounds#Overview1 10064780 breath sounds abnormal AE Skin abrasion AE is a skin AE that is a wound caused by superficial damage to the skin, no deeper than the epidermis. JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrasion_%28medical%29 10064990 skin abrasion AE Trigeminal neuralgia AE is a neuralgia AE that is a neuropathic disorder characterized by episodes of intense pain in the face, originating from the trigeminal nerve. The clinical association between TN and hemifacial spasm is the so-called tic douloureux. JX, YH Fothergill's disease AE prosopalgia AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigeminal_neuralgia 10044652 trigeminal neuralgia AE Face injury AE is an injury AE that injury occurs in the face. JX, YH 10050392 face injury AE Muscle contrature AE is a muscle AE that can occur for many reasons, such as paralysis, muscular atrophy, and forms of muscular dystrophy. Fundamentally, the muscle and its tendons shorten, resulting in reduced flexibility. JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_contracture 10062575 muscle contrature AE A palsy AE that has a symmetric limitation of the movements of both eyes in the same direction. JX, YH WEB: http://one.aao.org/bcscsnippetdetail.aspx?id=f5a77965-de2a-4fb0-82fb-5f4089671ad6 10056696 gaze palsy AE Conjugate gaze palsy AE is a gaze palsy AE that is a disorder affecting the ability to move both eyes in the same direction. These palsies can affect gaze in a horizontal, upward, or downward direction. JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_gaze_palsy conjugate gaze palsy AE Horizontal gaze palsy AE is a gaze palsy AE that is the paresis of conjugate eye movements. JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontal_gaze_palsy horizontal gaze palsy AE a behavioral and neurological AE that refers to rigid body movements and chronic abnormal positions of the body. This symptom is not the same as showing poor posture or slumping over. Rather, it is often the result of a serious spinal cord or brain injury. JX, YH WEB: http://www.healthline.com/symptom/posture-abnormal 10036436 posture abnormal AE a behavioral and neurological AE that shows the body becomes entire rigid and uncontrolled jerking. They may last mere seconds, or continue for several minutes. JX, YH 10051171 tonic clonic movements AE Eyelid ptosis AE is an eye disorder AE that is a drooping or falling of the upper or lower eyelid. JX, LW WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptosis_%28eyelid%29 10015995 eyelid ptosis AE Facial paresis AE is a paresis AE that is a common problem that involves the paralysis of any structures innervated by the facial nerve. JX, YH facial nerve paralysis AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_nerve_paralysis 10051267 facial paresis AE Menstrual disorder AE is an abnormal condition in a woman's menstrual cycle. WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstrual_disorder 10027327 JX, YH menstrual disorder AE Fluid retention AE is an abnormal fluid regulation AE that is excess fluid that collects in the tissues in your body. Most commonly, fluid retention is marked by swelling of your feet and lower legs, but swelling could also occur in your arms, hands, face, or other areas of the body. JX, YH WEB: http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/fluid-retention 10016807 fluid retention AE Emotional distress AE is a emotional disorder AE that is a Mental distress or anxiety suffered as a response to a sudden, severe, and saddening experience. JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emotional_distress 10049119 emotional distress AE Encephalitis AE is a nervous system AE that is an acute inflammation of the brain. JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encephalitis 10014581 encephalitis AE a psychiatric disorder AE that is a category of mental health disorders that primarily affect learning, memory, perception, and problem solving, and include amnesia, dementia, and delirium. JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_disorder 10057668 cognitive disorder AE Incoherent AE is a speech disorder AE that shows unable to express one's thoughts or ideas in an orderly, intelligible manner. JX, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/incoherent 10021630 incoherent AE Exercise tolerance decreased AE is a systematic AE that shows exercise tolerance decreased. The exercise tolerance refers to the exercise capacity of an individual as measured by their ability to endure exercise and/or the maximum work load achieved during the exercise period. JX, YH WEB: http://copd.about.com/od/glossaryofcopdterms/g/activitytoleran.htm 10051301 exercise tolerance decreased AE a burn AE that is a type of burn resulted from making contact with heated objects, such as boiling water, steam, hot cooking oil, fire, and hot objects. JX, LW WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_burn 10053615 thermal burn AE a psychiatric disorder AE that describes a wide array of experiences from mild detachment from immediate surroundings to more severe detachment from physical and emotional experience. JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissociation_%28psychology%29 10013457 dissociation AE Acupuncture is the stimulation of specific acupuncture points along the skin of the body using thin needles. It can be associated with the application of heat, pressure, or laser light to these same points. JX, LW WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acupuncture 10000646 acupuncture Mucous membrane disorder AE is a systematic AE that the diseases occur in mucous membrane, which is a lining of mostly endodermal origin. JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucous_membrane 10028133 mucous membrane disorder AE a polyneuropathy AE that arises when the myelin sheaths around nerve cells are damaged. Myelin, the insulating layer of tissue that surrounds nerve cells, helps ensure that signals from the brain are rapidly transmitted to the proper places in the body. When myelin is damaged or destroyed, it can lead to problems with communication between the brain and the body. JX, YH WEB: http://www.healthgrades.com/conditions/chronic-inflammatory-demyelinating-polyneuropathy 10061811 demyelinating polyneuropathy AE a syndrome AE that results in increased pressure in a muscle compartment which can lead to nerve damage and impaired blood flow. SJ, YH URL: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001224.htm 10010121 Thick layers of tissue, called fascia, separate groups of muscles in the arms and legs from each other. Inside each layer of fascia is a confined space, called a compartment. The compartment includes the muscle tissue, nerves, and blood vessels. compartment syndrome AE Therapeutic response decreased is found among people who take Cialis, especially for people who are male, 60+ old, have been taking the drug for < 1 month, also take medication Aspirin, and have Erection problems. JX, LW WEB: http://www.ehealthme.com/ds/cialis/therapeutic+response+decreased 10043414 therapeutic response decreased Bed rest is a medical treatment in which a person lies in bed for most of some period of time to gain health benefits. JX, LW WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bed_rest 10050118 bed rest a seizure AE that resutls in impariment of awareness and involuntary but coordinated and repeated movements. YH, SJ WEB: http://www.webmd.com/epilepsy/guide/types-of-seizures-their-symptoms?page=2 10010145 complex partial seizure AE Autoimmune disorder AE is an immune system AE that arises from an abnormal immune response of the body against substances and tissues normally present in the body (autoimmunity). JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_disease 10061664 autoimmune disorder AE CTCAE: E11258 NCIt: C2889 a hemorrhage AE that has an outcome of bleeding into the pons or mesencephalon. SJ, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/brainstem+hemorrhage 10006146 brain stem hemorrhage AE is often secondary to brainstem distortion due to rapidly expanding intracranail lessions. brainstem hemorrhage AE Menstruation irregular AE is a endocrine system AE that is an abnormal variation in length of menstrual cycles in a female. JX, YH, MW irregular menstruation AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irregular_menstruation 10022992 10027339 menstruation irregular AE CTCAE: E13125 NCIt: C35219 Generalised tonic-clonic seizure AE is a seizure AE that is a type of generalized seizure that affects the entire brain. Tonic–clonic seizures are the seizure type most commonly associated with epilepsy and seizures in general, though it is a misconception that they are the only type. JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonic%E2%80%93clonic_seizure 10018100 generalised tonic-clonic seizure AE a psychiatric disorder AE that an involuntary flexion or extension of the arms and legs, indicating severe brain injury. JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abnormal_posturing 10036437 posturing AE Off label use is the use of pharmaceutical drugs for an unapproved indication or in an unapproved age group, unapproved dosage, or unapproved form of administration. JX, LW off label use WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-label_use 10053762 off label drug use Demyelination AE is a nervous system AE that is any disease of the nervous system in which the myelin sheath of neurons is damaged. JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demyelinating_disease 10012305 demyelination AE Gram stain negative AE is a microbiology and serology investigation result abnormal AE that has an outcome of detection of gram-negative bacteria. JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram-negative_bacteria 10018656 gram stain negative AE Red blood cells CSF positive AE is a CSF test result abnormal AE that has an outcome of CSF red blood cells count positive. JX, YH 10038173 red blood cells CSF positive AE CSF white blood cell count increased AE is a CSF test result abnormal AE that has an outcome of CSF white blood cell count increased. JX, YH 10053805 CSF white blood cell count increased AE Influenza A virus test positive AE is a influenza virus test positive AE that has an outcome of positive result in an influenza A virus test. JX, YH 10070215 influenza A virus test positive AE a behavior and neurological test abnormal AE that shows a abnormal result of nerve conduction study (NCS). NCS is a medical diagnostic test commonly used to evaluate the function, especially the ability of electrical conduction, of the motor and sensory nerves of the human body. JX, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerve_conduction_study 10029175 nerve conduction study abnormal AE Myocardial necrosis AE is a cardiac disorder AE that shows death of the cells of an area of the heart muscle (myocardium) as a result of oxygen deprivation, which in turn is caused by obstruction of the blood supply. JX, YH URL: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/myocardial+necrosis 10028602 myocardial necrosis AE a brainstem infarction AE is a stroke AE that occurs when blood cannot flow to the brainstem, when oxygen cannot get to an area of the brain, tissue in that area may be damaged. SJ, YH brainstem stroke WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_stem_stroke_syndrome WEB: http://www.drugs.com/cg/brain-stem-infarction.html 10006147 A person may have vertigo, dizziness and severe imbalance without the hallmark of most strokes – weakness on one side of the body. But dizziness alone is not a sign of stroke. Brain stem stroke can also cause diplopia, slurred speech and decreased level of consciousness. brainstem infarction AE a lung disorder AE that occurs when the noises produced by the structures of the lungs during breathing are decreased or absent. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007535.htm 10006333 Absent or decreased breath sounds can indicate air or fluid around the lungs, increased thickness of chest wall, over-inflation of part of the lungs, or reduced airflow to part of the lungs. breath sounds decreased AE a syndrome AE that is characterised by abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) findings and an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. SJ, YH sudden adult death syndrome (SADS) WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brugada_syndrome 10059027 Brugada syndrome AE Buttock pain AE is a pain AE that is a common problem in the butt, it can be due to bursitis, bruising, piriformis syndrome, and shingles,or due to more serious diseases with long-term consequences, such as cancer, arthritis of the sacroiliac joints, and herniated disc with sciatica. SJ, YH, MW Butt Pain WEB:http://www.medicinenet.com/buttock_pain/symptoms.htm 10048677 buttock pain AE CTCAE:E12396 NCIt:C78228 a digestive system AE with an outcome of small white calcium lumps forming under the skin that may leak a chalky white fluid. These lumps are formed becuase of too much calcium in the diet. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.sclero.org/medical/symptoms/skin/calcinosis.html 10006938 These most commonly occur on the hands, or near joints such as elbows or knees, although they may appear anywhere. Calcinosis may range from one very tiny deposit, to large (and often painful) clusters. calcinosis AE an infection adverse event that caused by a species of the yeast Candida. SJ, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/candidiasis 10007152 This is a common cause of vaginal infections in women. Also, Candida may cause mouth infections in people with reduced immune function, or in patients taking certain antibiotics. Candida can be found in virtually all normal people but causes problems in only a fraction. candidiasis AE a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that occurs when the cardaic enzymes and proteins leak out of damaged heart muscle cells, and their levels in the bloodstream rise. SJ, YH URL: http://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/cardiac-enzyme-studies 10007548 cardiac enzymes increased AE may indicate that the heart muscle is injured, such as from a heart attack. cardiac enzymes increased AE Acute decompensated heart failure AE is a cardiovascular disorder AE that shows a worsening of the symptoms, typically shortness of breath (dyspnea), edema, and fatigue, in a patient with existing heart disease. SJ, YH Cardiac Failure Acute WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_decompensated_heart_failure 10007556 10064653 acute decompensated heart failure AE Cardiac massage is a resuscitative procedure that employs the rhythmic compression of the chest and heart in an effort to restore and maintain the circulation after cardiac arrest or ventricular fibrillation SJ, YH Heart Massage WEB: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/cardiac+massage 10059163 cardiac massage Cardiac murmur AE is a cardiac disorder AE that is characterised by abnormal sounds during the heartbeat cycle — such as whooshing or swishing — made by turbulent blood in or near the heart. SJ, YH Heart Murmur WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-murmurs/basics/definition/con-20028706 10007586 cardiac murmur AE a behavior and neurological AE that is seen most frequently in schizophrenia, characterized by muscular rigidity and mental stupor, sometimes alternating with great excitement and confusion. YH, SJ WEB: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/catatonia 10007776 catatonia AE a coronary artery disorder AE that results in narrowing of the inner surface of the carotid atery. SJ, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotid_artery_stenosis 10007687 carotid artery stenosis AE orbital cellulitis AE is a sudden infection of the tissues around the eye, affecting the eyelid, eyebrow, and cheek. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001012.htm 10007918 orbital cellulitis AE Chronic cholecystitis AE the inflammation of the gallbladder persisting for a prolonged period of time or having repeated attacks. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.healthline.com/health/chronic-cholecystitis#Overview1 10008617 chronic cholecystitis AE a brain lesion AE is an area of injury or disease within the brain. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/brain/brain-lesions-causes-symptoms-treatments 10051290 brain lesion AE Central venous pressure increased AE is a mesaurement of the pressure of the blood within the superior and inferior vena cava and large veins of the body. Increased pressure can be the result of cardiac failure and congestion of circulation. SJ, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/central+venous+pressure 10007980 central venous pressure increased AE a brain disorder AE occurs when the brain is damaged by injury, disease, or health conditions. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.healthline.com/health/brain-disorders#Overview1 10054938 Brain disorders may affect the main areas of your brain that control how you move, think, and behave. Some tumors can constrict the blood vessels in your brain. brain disorder AE a cerebral infarction is a type of ischaemic stroke AE that is caused by a blockage in the blood vessels supplying blood to the brain. SJ WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_infarction 10008118 cerebral infarction AE a nervous system AE that occurs when the cerebrospinal fluid leaks through a defect in the dura or the skull and out through the nose or ear resulting from a tear in the dura. SJ, YH, MW cerebrospinal fluid leakage AE WEB: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/neurology_neurosurgery/centers_clinics/brain_tumor/center/skull-base/types/csf-leak.html 10008164 cerebrospinal fluid leak AE CTCAE: E12611 NCIt: C50487 a female reproductive system AE that refers to abnormal changes in the cells on the surface of the cervix. The changes are not cancer. But they can lead to cancer of the cervix if not treated. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001491.htm 10008263 cervical dysplasia AE a bone disorder AE that results in pain and neurological symptoms resulting from any type of condition that irritates a nerve in the cervical spine. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.spine-health.com/conditions/neck-pain/what-cervical-radiculopathy 10008303 cervical radiculopathy AE Cervical spinal stenosis AE is a nervous system AE that occurs when the spinal canal in the neck narrows. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/back-pain/tc/cervical-spinal-stenosis-topic-overview 10008313 cervical spinal stenosis AE a respiratory AE that results in the inability to breath because something gets stuck in the throat or because the air is not good for breathing SJ, YH WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/choke 10008589 choking AE a musculoskeletal and connective tissue AE that results in tlhe disappearance of articular cartilage as the result of disintegration or dissolution of the cartilage matrix and cells. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=17184 10058112 chondrolysis AE A joint disorder AE in which the cartilage on the undersurface of the patella deteriorates and softens. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.healthline.com/health/chondromalacia-patella#Overview1 10008729 chondromalacia AE an adverse event that occurs after a therapeutic intervention YH, JX therapy adverse event a therapeutic intervention that remediates impairments and promotes mobility, function, and quality of life through examination, diagnosis, and physical intervention YH, JX physical therapy WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_therapy physiotherapy a seizure AE that resutls in jerking and muscle rigidity, unusual sensations affecting vision, hearing, smell, taste or touch, and memory or emothional disturbances. YH, SJ WEB: http://www.webmd.com/epilepsy/guide/types-of-seizures-their-symptoms?page=2 10040703 simple partial seizure AE chemosis AE is a conjunctival disorder AE that results in swelling of the conjunctiva die to exudation of abnormaly permeable capillaries. SJ, YH conjunctival edema WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemosis 10053163 chemosis AE a therapeutic intervention that is used in critically ill patients who have experienced multisystem organ failure and in whom acute renal failure has developed. YH, SJ WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=40071 10066348 continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration a behavior and neurological AE that results in the expression of psychlogical stress in physical ways or a mental or emotional crises that begins to have a physical affect. YH, SJ functional neurological symptom disorder WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/conversion-disorder/basics/definition/con-20029533 10010893 conversion disorder AE a cardiac disorder AE which causes a thickening and loss of elasticity of the coronary arteries, leading to progressive insufficiency of the arteries. SJ, YH arteriosclerotic coronary artery disease coronary artery atherosclerosis WEB: http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/glossary=coronaryarteriosclerosis 10011076 coronary arteriosclerosis AE a cardiac disorder AE which causes a partial or complete blockage of the coronary artery which can lead to heart attack. SJ, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_occlusion 10011086 coronary occlusion AE a cardiac disorder AE which results in inflammation and the buildup of plaque which narrow the coronary arteries. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/coronary-artery-disease/basics/definition/con-20032038 10011089 coronary artery disease AE An joint disorder AE that results in the noise produced by the rubbing together of bone or irregular cartilage surfaces. YH, SJ WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/crepitation 10011376 crepitation AE cryptorchidism AE is a male reproductive system AE which results in the absence of one or both testes from the scrotum. YH, SJ undescended testis WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptorchidism 10011498 cryptorchidism AE CSF glucose is proportional to blood glucose levels which correspond to 60-70% of the concentration in blood. SJ, YH hypoglycorrhachia 10011537 decreased CSF glucose AE can be caused by CNS infections, inflammatory conditions, subarachnoid hemorrhage, hypoglycemia, impaired glucose transport, increased CNS glycolytic activity and metastatic carcinoma. decreased CSF glucose AE wound culture positive AE is a a test to find and identify germs that may be growing on the skin or in a wound. If something that can cause infection grows, the culture is positive. The type of organisms may be identified with a microscope, chemical tests, or both. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/skin-and-wound-cultures 10011643 wound culture positive AE skin cyst AE is a skin AE that occurs when a cluster of cells that have grouped together to form a sac which may contain air, fluids, or semi-solid material. YH, SJ cyst WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyst 10011732 skin cyst AE conductive hearing loss AE is a hearing loss AE that results from probelms with the ear canal, ear drum, or middle ear and its little bones. SJ, YH sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) WEB: http://www.hearingloss.org/content/types-causes-and-treatment 10010282 conductive hearing loss AE transient hearing loss AE is a hearing loss AE that results from poor ventilation of the middle ear in children. SJ, YH deafness transitory WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3139416/ 10011900 transient hearing loss AE a psychiatric disorder AE that results in a persistent false psychotic belief regarding the self or objects outside the self that is maintained despite indisputable evidence to the contrary. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/delusion 10012239 delusion AE a behavioral and neurological AE that results in long-standing need for the person to be taken care of and a fear of being abandoned or separated from important individuals. SJ, YH WEB: http://psychcentral.com/disorders/dependent-personality-disorder-symptoms/ 10012355 Individuals with Dependent Personality Disorder are often characterized by pessimism and self-doubt, and tend to belittle their abilities and assets. This leads the person to engage in dependent and submissive behaviors that are designed to elicit care-giving behaviors in others. dependent personality disorder AE Nervous system AE that results in failure to meet certain developmental milestones, such as sitting, walking, and talking, at the average age. Developmental delay may indicate a problem in development of the central nervous system. SJ, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/developmental+delay 10012559 developmental delay AE diabetic ketoacidosis AE is a cardiovascular AE that develops when your body is unable to produce enough insulin and begins to break down fat as an alternate fuel, this process produces a buildup of toxic acids in the bloodstream called ketones. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetic-ketoacidosis/basics/definition/con-20026470 10012671 diabetic ketoacidosis AE Dialysis is the process of removing waste products and excess fluid from the body when the kidneys are not able to adequately filter the blood. YH, SJ WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=2980 10061105 dialysis congenital diaphragmatic hernia AE is a congential disorder in which an absent or partially formed diaphragm results in an abnormal opening that allows the stomach and intestines to move into the chest cavity and crowd the heart and lungs. This crowding can lead to underdevelopment of the lungs, potentially resulting in life-threatening breathing difficulties that are apparent from birth. SJ, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/aspiration 10061106 congenital diaphragmatic hernia AE a paralysis AE that has an outcome of paralysis affecting symmetrical parts of the body. SJ, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diplegia 10013033 diplegia AE cystitis interstitial AE is a cystitis AE that has an outcome of cystitis interstitial, which is a condition that causes discomfort or pain in the bladder and a need to urinate frequently and urgently. KM, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/interstitialcystitis.html 10011796 cystitis interstitial AE A disseminated tuberculosis AE is a tuberculosis AE that has an outcome of disseminated tuberculosis, which is a contagious bacterial infection in which TB bacteria has spread from the lungs to other parts of the body through the blood or lymph system. KM, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000624.htm 10013453 disseminated tuberculosis AE Exotosis AE is a bone pain AE that has resulted in a non-neoplastic overgrowth of bone. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exostosis 10015688 exotosis AE An exudative retinopathy AE is an eye AE that shows an outcome of exudative retinopathy marked by masses of white or yellowish exudate in the posterior part of the fundus oculi, with deposits of cholesterol and blood debris from retinal hemorrhage, that leads to destruction of the macula and blindness. KM, YH Coats' disease, Coats' retinitis WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/exudative+retinopathy 10015901 exudative retinopathy AE A tendon disorder AE that has an outcome of tendinous which is damage to a tendon at a cellular level. It is thought to be caused by microtears in the connective tissue in and around the tendon, leading to an increase in tendon repair cells. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendinosis 10016662 tendinous AE A monocyte percentage abnormal AE that results in abnormally high levels of monocytes in the blood. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocytosis 10027906 monocytosis AE NCIT: C35147 A male reproductive system AE that has an outcome of genital candidiasis, which is a fungal infection due to any types of Candida (types of yeasts). This is a fungal infection of the genital region. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candidiasis WEB: http://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/candidiasis/genital/ 10018143 genital candidiasis AE KM, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/tc/groin-problems-and-injuries-topic-overview 10018735 A groin pain AE is a pain AE that shows a pain in the groin area. groin pain AE A blood disorder AE that has an outcome of the breakdown of red blood cells. KM, YH hemolysis WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002372.htm 10018910 haemolysis AE A hepatosplenomegaly AE is a liver inflammation AE that has an outcome of an abnormal enlargement of the liver and spleen. KM, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/17215.htm WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=3716 10019847 hepatosplenomegaly AE A gastric disorder AE that occurs when part of your stomach pushes upward through your diaphragm. KM, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hiatal-hernia/basics/definition/con-20030640 10020028 hiatus hernia AE A viral infection AE that is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus. KM, YH 10020161 HIV infection AE NCIT: C3108 A hypertonic bladder AE is a digestive system AE that where the bladder-storage function that causes a sudden urge to urinate. SJ, YH irritable bladder overactive bladder WEB: http://healbladder.info/healbladder/hypertonic-bladder WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/overactive-bladder/basics/definition/con-20027632 10020853 hypertonic bladder AE A hypovitaminosis AE is a gustatory system AE which shows an insufficiency of one or more essential vitamins. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypovitaminosis 10021135 hypovitaminosis AE A gastrointestinal disorder AE that shows the inflammation of the ileum. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ileitis 10021312 ileitis AE NCIT: C84782 A joint pain AE that occurs when there is an abnormal separation in the joint, where two or more bones meet. KM, YH dislocated joint, luxation WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_dislocation 10023204 joint dislocation AE A syndrome AE that shows Kawasaki's disease, a vasculitis characterized by inflammation of the arteries, particularly the coronary arteries. The vasculitis may lead to aneurysm formation and possibly, heart attacks. It affects young children who usually present with persistent high fever, redness of the mucous membranes of the mouth, redness of the palms and soles, skin rashes, lymphadenitis, and joint pain and swelling. KM, YH Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawasaki_disease 10023320 kawasaki disease AE NCIT: C34825 An abscess AE where a bacterial, parasitic, or fungal abscess that develops in the liver. It is usually the result of an abdominal infection, trauma, or surgery in the right upper quadrant. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_abscess 10024652 liver abscess AE NCIT: C99089 A blood disorder AE that the body's blood supply will stop moving after the heart has stopped pumping it around the inside of the deceased. KM, YH WEB: http://www.exploreforensics.co.uk/rigor-mortis-and-lividity.html 10024728 lividity AE A lymphangitis AE is an inflammation AE that has an infection of the lymph vessels (channels). KM, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007296.htm 10025226 lymphangitis AE An infection adverse event that results in malaria, a protozoan infection caused by the genus Plasmodium. There are four species of Plasmodium that can infect humans: Plasmodium falciparum, vivax, ovale, and malariae. It is transmitted to humans by infected mosquitoes. Signs and symptoms include paroxysmal high fever, sweating, chills, and anemia. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria 10025487 malaria AE NCIT: C34797 A metabolic disoder AE where there is increased acidity in the blood secondary to acid base imbalance. Causes include diabetes, kidney failure and shock. KM, YH Acidosis WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000335.htm 10027417 metabolic acidosis AE NCIT: C28228 An abnormal stool AE that has an outcome of a significant amount of mucus in the stool. The mucus is accompanied by diarrhea, pain or blood may signify an intestinal condition such as infection or inflammation. Increased amounts of mucus in the stool can also occur with cancers of the colon or rectum or with bowel obstruction. KM, YH WEB: http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/mucus-in-stool 10028140 mucous stool AE A muscle spasm AE that has an outcome of tight or stiff muscles and an inability to control those muscles. KM, YH, MW, MW spasticity AE WEB: http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/pain-management-spasticity 10028335 10041416 muscle spasticity AE CTCAE: E12820 NCIt: C79750 A respiratory distress AE that has an outcome of a newborn dyspnea (i.e., impaired breathing) with cyanosis, most frequently occurring in premature infants, children of diabetic mothers and infants delivered by cesarean section, and sometimes with no predisposing cause. KM, YH Newborn Respiratory Distress Syndrome WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001563.htm 10001052 neonatal respiratory distress AE NCIT: C27560 A neutrophil count increased AE that has an outcome of an abnormally high level of neutrophils in the blood. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrophilia 10029379 neutrophilia AE NCIT: C35164 A male reproductive system AE that results in an inflammation of one or both testes due to viral or bacterial infections. Signs and symptoms include enlargement or tenderness of the affected testis, inguinal lymphadenopathy, blood in the semen, and pain during urination, intercourse, or ejaculation. KM, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001280.htm 10031064 orchitis AE NCIT: C97145 an inflammation AE that occurs in a bone. KM, YH Osteitis fibrosa WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001252.htm 10031149 osteitis AE A bone disorder AE that has an dissolution of bone, especially the removal or loss of the calcium of bone. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteolysis 10031248 osteolysis AE NCIT: C50681 An arrhythmia AE that has an outcome of palpitations, an abnormality of heartbeat characterized by simultaneous awareness of one’s pulse and discomfort. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palpitations 10033557 palpitations AE CTCAE: E10163 NCIt: C37999 A skin AE that shows a solid, raised spot on the skin that is up to 0.5 centimeter wide, which is a type of skin lesion. KM, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003233.htm 10033733 papule AE A parotid gladn enlargement AE that has an outcome of parotitis, the inflammation of one or more of the parotid glands. KM, YH WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/882461-overview WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001041.htm 10034038 parotitis AE A male reproductive system AE that has an disorder in a penis, including priapism, Peyronie's disease, balanitis, phimosis, paraphimosis, and penile cancer. KM, YH WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/penis_disorders/article.htm 10034336 penis disorder AE An abdominal AE that shows an inflammation of the peritoneum, the thin tissue that lines the inner wall of the abdomen and covers most of the abdominal organs. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peritonitis 10034674 peritonitis AE NCIT: C26849 A medical intervention that collects plasma from the peripheral blood while returning the rest to the donor. KM, YH plasma exchange therapeutic plasma exchange WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmapheresis 10035486 plasmapheresis AE NCIT: C15304 An arthritis AE that has an outcome of polyarthritis, which includes any type of arthritis that involves 5 or more joints simultaneously. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyarthritis 10036030 polyarthritis AE A male reproductive system AE that affects prostatic gland in the male reproductive system. KM, YH WEB: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/479519/prostatic-disorder 10036956 prostatic disorder AE A tumor AE that shows a benign disorder of lymphoid cells or histiocytes that produces clinical features of a malignant lymphoma. KM, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pseudolymphoma 10037108 pseudo lymphoma AE A skin AE that shows a pyogenic skin disease. These include superficial bacterial infections such as impetigo, impetigo contagiosa, ecthyma, folliculitis, Bockhart's impetigo, furuncle, carbuncle, tropical ulcer, etc. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyoderma 10037632 pyoderma AE A urine abnormality AE that shows the presence of white blood cells or pus in the urine, usually a sign of urinary tract infection. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyuria WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pyuria 10037686 pyuria AE a blood sodium abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnormally high level of sodium in the blood YH, MW hypernaetremia WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/241094-overview 10020679 10020680 hypernatremia AE CTCAE: E12293 HPO: HP_0003228 NCIt: C37970 SIDER: C0595878 A rash AE that shows a rash like measles. The rash consists of macular lesions that are red and usually 2–10 mm in diameter but may be confluent in places. KM, YH measles-like maculopapular rash AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morbilliform WEB: http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-morbilliform-rash.htm 10037870 morbilliform rash AE A rash AE that shows a raised, blistery rash. KM, YH WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11955 10037898 vesicular rash AE A red blood cell count increased AE that has an increased count of reticulocytes in the blood. Reticulocytes are slightly immature red blood cells. KM, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003637.htm 10038792 reticulocyte count increased AE a behavior and neurological AE that results in impaired or inhibited ego functioning in which the ability to process reality-based information is diminished and disordered. SJ, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/acute+psychosis 10001022 acute psychosis AE An eye AE that shows an abnormal blood vessel development in the retina of the eye and it occurs in infants that are born too early. KM, YH Terry syndrome retrolental fibroplasia retrolental fibroplasia (RLF) WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinopathy_of_prematurity WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001618.htm 10038933 retinopathy of prematurity AE A skin AE that results in a scar, a mark left on the skin. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scar 10039580 scar AE NCIT: C34483 A skin AE that has an outcome of a localized or systemic chronic and progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by thickening of the skin and the connective tissues. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scleroderma 10039710 Localized scleroderma affects only the skin. Systemic scleroderma affects internal organs, including the heart, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and kidneys. scleroderma AE NCIT: C26746 A male reproductive system AE that has an outcome of an abnormal enlargement of the scrotum, the sac surrounding the testicles. KM, YH scrotal edema scrotal swelling WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003161.htm 10039755 scrotal oedema AE A skin AE that results in the degeneration and thinning of the epidermis and dermis. KM, YH, MW atrophy of the skin WEB: http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-skin-atrophy.htm 10040799 skin atrophy AE CTCAE:E13714 NCIT: C35163 NCIt:C35163 A skin discoloration AE that shows the lightening of the skin, or loss of pigment. KM, YH Depigmentation WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depigmentation 皮肤脱色 10040825 skin depigmentation AE A skin discoloration AE that shows abnormal lightening of skin due to decreased melanin production or deposition. KM, YH, MW Hypopigmentation, Pigment Dilution WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypopigmentation 10040868 Vitiligo, albinism, and leukoderma are among the disorders that are associated with skin hypopigmentation. skin hypopigmentation AE CTCAE:E13721 NCIt:C78610 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypopigmentation An immune system disorder AE that has an disorder in spleen, the largest organ in the lymphatic system. KM, YH splenic diseases WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splenic_disease WEB: http://www.livescience.com/44725-spleen.html 10041633 spleen disorder AE CTCAE: E10056 NCIt: C35823 a muscle AE that shows the absence or loss of control of voluntary muscle movements. SJ, YH URL: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/akinesia 10001541 akinesia AE a seizure AE that shows a brief episode of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. JX, YH epilepsy WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epileptic_seizure 癫痫 epileptic seizure AE a cranial neuropathy AE which shows an damage or abnormality to the nerves in the eyes. RR, YH WEB: http://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/optic-neuritis.htm 10061323 optic neuropathy AE an optic neuropathy AE characterized by optic disc swelling, peripapillary and macular hard exudates, and vitreous cells. RR, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6466175 10060701 neuroretinitis AE an optic neuropathy AE characterized by vision loss, optic disc swelling, flame hemorrhages, and cotton-wool exudates. It occurs when blood flow is interrupted to the front (anterior) part of the optic nerve (also called optic nerve head). RR, YH AION WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1216891-overview WEB: http://www.geteyesmart.org/eyesmart/diseases/ischemic-optic-neuropathy/ 10068250 anterior ischemic optic neuropathy AE a type of anterior ischemic optic neuropathy AE that presents primarily with vision loss, especially upon wakening, and sectorial disc edema. RR, YH WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1216891-clinical#a0217 10068249 non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy AE a peripheral neuropathy AE that shows a combination of axonal and demyelinating neuropathy. RR, YH WEB: http://www.aafp.org/afp/2010/0401/p887.html mixed neuropathy AE a peripheral sensory neuropathy AE that shows neuropathy in many sensory nerves at one time RR, YH WEB: http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/brain_spinal_cord_and_nerve_disorders/peripheral_nerve_disorders/polyneuropathy.html sensory peripheral polyneuropathy AE a peripheral neuropathy AE that results from the loss of the myelin sheath on peripheral nerves roughly evenly distributed on both sides of the body RR, YH peripheral demyelinating polyneuropathy AE a neuropathy AE that shows nerve damage and occurs in a patient with diabetes RR, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetic-neuropathy/basics/definition/con-20033336 10012680 diabetic neuropathy AE a nervous system AE that is an umbrella term referring to conditions relating to the nervous system, including loss of sensation and paralysis RR, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_neurological_deficit neurological deficit AE An abscess AE that is caused by an Staphylococcus aureus infection. KM, YH abscess http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/staphylococcal+abscess 10041917 staphylococcal abscess AE An eye AE that results in an intermittent or constant misalignment of an eye so that its line of vision is not pointed at the same object. Strabismus is caused by an imbalance in the extraocular muscles which control the positioning of the eyes. KM, YH cross-eyed heterotropia wall-eyed WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strabismus 10042159 strabismus AE A vein discoloration AE that has an outcome of local dilatation of small vessels resulting in red discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes. KM, YH, MW http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telangiectasia 10043189 telangiectasia AE CTCAE:E13740 NCIT: C28194 NCIt:C28194 A muscle spasm AE that results in the lack of ability to open the mouth fully due to decreased range of motion of the muscles of mastication. KM, YH, MW WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=40739 10044684 Trismus is a symptom of tetanus. trismus AE CTCAE:E12541 NCIt: C78651 A bacterial infection AE with an outcome of thypoid fever, a bacterial infectious disorder caused by the Salmonella typhi bacteria. KM, YH tyhpoid WEB: http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/typhoid-fever 10045275 Typhoid fever is often contracted by consumption of food or drink contaminated with Salmonella typhi. typhoid fever AE NCIT: C35089 a urinary system AE that results in the inflammation (swelling and irritation) of the urethra. KM, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000439.htm 10046480 urethritis AE a skin discoloration AE which shows a chronic skin disease characterized by portions of the skin losing their pigment. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitiligo 白癫风；白驳风；白斑 10047642 vitiligo AE NCIT: C26915 an injury AE that displays a type of injury to flesh or skin caused by heat, electricity, chemicals, friction, or radiation. YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burn 10006634 burn AE CTCAE: E11669 NCIt: C34441 a hematopoietic system AE which has a decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). EST is the rate at which red blood cells sediment in a period of one hour. KM, YH ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate red blood cell sedimentation rate decreased AE Westergren ESR decreased AE http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythrocyte_sedimentation_rate 10049188 sedimentation rate decreased AE a skin AE that has decreased skin turgor which is the skin's ability to change shape and return to normal (elasticity). KM, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003281.htm 10049428 skin turgor decreased AE A tumor AE that shows a tumor occuring in the gastrointestinal tract. KM, YH WEB: http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/gastrointestinal-stromal-tumor 10051066 gastrointestinal stromal tumour AE A bacterial infection AE that has the presence of pus in a bacterial infection. KM, YH WEB: http://dermatology.about.com/library/bldeffluctuance.htm 10051723 fluctuance AE A bacterial infection AE which is caused by Acinetobacter. KM, YH WEB: http://www.cdc.gov/HAI/organisms/acinetobacter.html 10051894 Outbreaks of Acinetobacter infections typically occur in intensive care units and healthcare settings housing very ill patients. Acinetobacter infections rarely occur outside of healthcare settings. acinetobacter infection AE an injury AE that breaks the skin or other body tissues. KM, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/woundsandinjuries.html 10052428 wound AE a tuberculosis AE which is an invasion of the peritoneum by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. KM, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21215540 10053583 peritoneal tuberculosis AE a tumor AE that shows a benigh tumor of vascular origin usually seen in early childhood. YH WEB: http://radiopaedia.org/articles/haemangioma haemangioma AE a vascular disorder AE that has an outcome of the blockage of a blood vessel, usually with a clot. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_occlusion 10053648 vascular occlusion AE a tuberculosis AE that shows an tuberculosis of the joints. KM, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1577591/ 10056367 joint tuberculosis AE an arrhythmia AE that shows abnormal heart rhythms that originate in the bottom chambers of the heart called the ventricles. LW, YH WEB: http://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/heart/departments-centers/ventricular-arrhythmia-center 室性心律失常 10047281 ventricular arrhythmia AE CTCAE: E10230 NCIt: C26924 A bacterial infection AE that is caused by Salmonella. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmonella 10058878 Salmonella AE a blood potassium abnormal AE that has a lab test outcome of abnormally lower than normal amount of potassium in the blood YH, MW hypokalemia AE hypopotassaemia AE hypopotassemia AE potassium depletion AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypokalemia WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hyperkalemia WEB: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/low_potassium/article_em.htm 血钾过少 10021015 10021018 hypokalaemia AE CTCAE: E12327 NCIt: C37974 a necrosis AE, tumor necrosis factor (TNF, tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNFα, cachexin, or cachectin) is a cell signaling protein (adipokine) involved in systemic inflammation and is one of the cytokines that make up the acute phase reaction. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumor_necrosis_factor_alpha 10059981 alpha tumour necrosis factor AE a tumor AE that that is a benign or malignant neoplasm involving the oral cavity and/or the lips. KM, YH WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/oralcancer.html 10061325 oral neoplasm AE NCIT: C8989 a cardiac disorder AE that can present clinically as acute pericarditis, pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade, and constrictive pericarditis. KM, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2878263/ 10061338 pericardial disease AE a tumor AE that shows a benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the peritoneal cavity. KM, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/cancer/peritoneal-cancer-prognosis-symptoms-treatments 10061344 Representative examples of benign neoplasms include adenomatoid tumor and disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include primary peritoneal carcinoma, metastatic carcinoma to the peritoneum, and malignant mesothelioma. peritoneal neoplasm AE NCIT: C3322 an inflammation AE that shows the formation or presence of pus. KM, YH MedDRA: 10061926 WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/purulence purulence AE a bacterial infection AE with bacteria of the genus Mycobacterium. KM, YH Mycobacterium Infection WEB: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/mycobacterialinfections.html 10062207 mycobacterial infection AE NCIT: C26831 a tumor AE that shows the most common benign spinal neoplasm, often located in the thoracic and lumbar spine, with a peak incidence of occurrence in the fourth to sixth decades. KM, YH WEB: http://radiopaedia.org/articles/vertebral-haemangioma 10065275 spinal haemangioma AE a syndrome AE that reuslts in an autosomal recessive combined immunodeficiency syndrome caused by mutations in the RAG-1 and RAG-2 genes. It is characterized by the presence of alopecia, erythroderma, desquamation, lymphadenopathy, and chronic diarrhea. YH: This is also a genetic AE. We will later find a way to link to there. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omenn_syndrome 10069097 Omenn syndrome AE NCIT: C61240 a immune system AE that results in a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease is compromised or entirely absent. KM, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunodeficiency immunodeficiency AE a hepatitis AE that resutls in a hepatitis C viral infection. KM, YH HCV WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_C_virus hepatitis C AE NCIT: C14312 a blood phosphorus abnormal AE that shows an abnormal blood phosphate level EB 10054823 blood phosphate abnormal AE a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that results in an abnormal level of albumin in the blood EB 10005800 blood albumin abnormal AE an electrolyte blood lab test abnormal AE that results in an abnormal level of sodium in the blood YH, MW blood carbon dioxide abnormal AE' a blood carbon dioxide abnormal AE in which the levels of carbon dioxide in the blood is abnormally high DJ, SS, YH, MW CO2 retention AE hypercapnea AE hypercarbia AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypercapnia 10020591 hypercapnia AE UMLS CUI: C0020440 A physical quality that has an decreased level of glucose in the blood EB, YH, MW 10005555 blood glucose decreased UMLS CUI: C0595883 A physical quality that has an increased level of glucose in the blood EB, YH, MW 10005557 blood glucose increased UMLS CUI: C0595877 a rash AE that shows follicular eruptions characterized by papules and pustules resembling acne. YH, MW acneiform eruption AE rash acneiform AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acne_vulgaris WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acneiform_eruption 10037847 The term "acneiform", literally, refers to an appearance similar to acne. Acne vulgaris (or simply acne) is a long-term skin condition characterized by areas of blackheads, whiteheads, pimples, greasy skin, and possibly scarring. acneiform rash AE CTCAE: E13694 NCIt: C35277 A rash AE that is characterized by an eruption consisting of papules (a small, raised pimple) and pustules (a small pus filled blister), typically appearing in face, scalp, and upper chest and back. YH WEB: http://www.medaphile.com/medical-dictionary/papulopustular-rash 10069138 Unlike acne, papulopustular rash does not present with whiteheads or blackheads, and can be symptomatic, with itchy or tender lesions. papulopustular rash AE CTCAE: E11491 NCIt: C80119 an neuropathy AE that occurs when any of the twelve cranial nerves (nerves that exit from the brain directly) are damaged. MW, YH WEB: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/neuropathy/article_em.htm#types_of_neuropathy 10061096 cranial neuropathy AE a cranial neuropathy AE which shows an damage or abnormality to the nerve that carries signals from the inner ear to the brain and is responsible for hearing. MW, YH WEB: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/neuropathy/article_em.htm#types_of_neuropathy auditory neuropathy AE a cognitive disorder AE that shows conspicuous changes in cognitive functions. MW, YH 10009845 cognitive disturbance AE CTCAE: E12617 NCIt: C27101 an neuropathy AE that is restricted to one nerve or group of nerves, or one area of the body MW, YH WEB: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/neuropathy/article_em.htm#types_of_neuropathy focal neuropathy AE a vascular disorder AE that form in a blood vessel a clot (thrombus) that breaks loose and is carried by the blood stream to plug another vessel. MW, YH thromboembolic event AE WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=25032 10043565 thromboembolism AE CTCAE: E13825 an injury AE that occurs in the cardiovascular system YH 10007654 cardiovascular injury AE UMLS CUI: C0560570 a cardiovascular injury AE that occurs in a heart. YH 10061200 heart injury AE UMLS CUI: C0018805 a heart injury AE that shows a laceration or tearing of the myoardium, which is the muscular tissue of the heart. YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myocardial_rupture 10028604 myocardial rupture AE UMLS CUI: C0018813 a cardiomyopathy AE that is characterized by a weekened heart caused by the effects of high blood pressure. YH WEB: http://www.freemd.com/hypertensive-cardiomyopathy/overview.htm 10058222 hypertensive cardiomyopathy AE UMLS CUI: C1144799 A hypertrophic cardiomyopathy AE where the distortion of normal heart anatomy causes an obstruction of the outflow of blood from the left ventricle of the heart YH ASH HOCM IHSS asymmetric septal hypertrophy idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophic_cardiomyopathy#Obstructive_and_non-obstructive 10020204 hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy AE UMLS CUI: C0007194 A hypertrophic cardiomyopathy AE where the distortion of normal heart anatomy does not cause an obstruction of the outflow of blood from the left ventricle of the heart YH Yamaguchi Hypertrophy Yamaguchi Syndrome apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis non-obstructive cardiomyopathy WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cardiomyopathy WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophic_cardiomyopathy#Obstructive_and_non-obstructive hypertrophic non-obstructive cardiomyopathy AE a cardiovascular investigation result abnormal AE that results in an abnormal result on a test used to evaluate heart function YH WEB: http://www.drsinatra.com/heart-function-tests-to-assess-heart-disease-risk/ WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiology_diagnostic_tests_and_procedures 10058479 cardiac function test abnormal AE UMLS CUI: C0438177 a cardiac disorder AE that results in multiple cardiac defects. YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiology_diagnostic_tests_and_procedures 10058479 multiple cardiac defects AE UMLS CUI: C0438177 an injury and procedural complication AE that results in a blockage of a device. YH 10064685 device occlusion AE UMLS CUI: C1608397 a procedural complication AE that occurs after the usage of a medical device. YH device AE device adverse event medical device adverse event a skin ulceration AE that has a combined area of ulcers <1 cm and nonblanchable erythema of intact skin with associated warmth or edema MW, YH WEB: http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Pressure-ulcers/Pages/Symptoms.aspx Grade 1 skin ulceration AE CTCAE: E13731 0 1 a skin ulceration AE that has a combined area of ulcers 1 - 2 cm and partial thickness skin loss involving skin or subcutaneous fat MW, YH WEB: http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Pressure-ulcers/Pages/Symptoms.aspx Grade 2 skin ulceration AE CTCAE: E13732 a skin ulceration AE that has a combined area of ulcers >2 cm and full-thickness skin loss involving damage to or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue that may extend down to fascia MW, YH WEB: http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Pressure-ulcers/Pages/Symptoms.aspx Grade 3 skin ulceration AE CTCAE: E13733 a skin ulceration AE that has any size ulcer with extensive destruction, tissue necrosis, or damage to muscle, bone, or supporting structures with or without full thickness skin loss MW, YH WEB: http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Pressure-ulcers/Pages/Symptoms.aspx Grade 4 skin ulceration AE CTCAE: E13734 A dysesthesia AE that shows an uncomfortable persistent sensation in the area of the laryngopharynx. MW, YH 10062667 Laryngopharyngeal dysesthesia AE CTCAE: E13433 NCIt: C78414 a hospitalization AE that leads to an intial hospitalization. YH, JX WEB: http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/HowToReport/ucm053087.htm initial hospitalization AE a hospitalization AE that leads to a prolonged hospitalization. YH, JX WEB: http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/HowToReport/ucm053087.htm prolonged hospitalization AE an adverse event that occurs locally in a certain location. This is different from the systematci adverse event that occurs throughout the systemtic circulation. YH, JX URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverse_drug_reaction local AE an adverse event that shows a result of injury or procedural complication. JX, YH injury and procedural complication AE 3/11/2019: This term became obsolete since the "or" structure is confusing, and injury AE and procedure complication AE are two different categories. obsolete: injury or procedural complication AE a nervous system AE that occurs in the central nervous system JX, YH central nervous system AE a nervous system AE that occurs in the area of meninges JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meninges meninges AE an inflammation AE which has an outcome of brain inflammation, which is local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the brain According to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 'encephalitis' is an adverse event that was mentioned in 480 VAERS reports (0.4%) during1991-2001 (Reference: PMID: 12825543). meninges inflammation AE MP: MP_0001847 a mental disorder that has false personal beliefs held contrary to reality, despite contradictory evidence and common sense. MW, YH 10012260 delusions AE CTCAE: E12904 NCIt: C26741 an inflammation AE that has an inflammation involving the larynx. MW, YH 10065735 laryngeal inflammation AE CTCAE: E13411 NCIt: C26811 a male reproductive system AE that has involvement of the testis. MW, YH 10043306 testicular disorder AE CTCAE: E13215 NCIt: C26890 an urinary system AE that has urination at short intervals. MW, YH 10046539 urinary frequency AE CTCAE: E13039 NCIt: C26906 a reproduction system inflammation AE that has inflammation involving the vagina. Symptoms may include redness, edema, marked discomfort and an increase in vaginal discharge. MW, YH 10046916 vaginal inflammation AE CTCAE: E13270 NCIt: C26911 a cranial neuropathy AE that has involvement of the trigeminal nerve (fifth cranial nerve). MW, YH 10060890 trigeminal nerve disorder AE CTCAE: E12841 NCIt: C26952 cranial neuropathy AE that has involvement of the accessory nerve (eleventh cranial nerve). MW, YH 10060929 accessory nerve disorder AE CTCAE: E12573 NCIt: C26953 a cranial neuropathy AE that has involvement of the hypoglossal nerve (twelfth cranial nerve). MW, YH 10061212 hypoglossal nerve disorder AE CTCAE: E12692 NCIt: C26954 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the pharynx. MW, YH 10055315 pharyngeal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13460 NCIt: C26986 a distal neuropathy AE that has regional paresthesia of the brachial plexus, marked discomfort and muscle weakness, and limited movement in the arm or hand. MW, YH 10065417 brachial plexopathy AE CTCAE: E12601 NCIt: C27194 a cranial neuropathy AE that has involvement of the acoustic nerve (eighth cranial nerve) MW, YH 10000521 acoustic nerve disorder NOS AE CTCAE: E12577 NCIt: C27207 a cranial neuropathy AE that has involvement of the olfactory nerve (first cranial nerve). MW, YH 10056388 olfactory nerve disorder AE CTCAE: E12755 NCIt: C27210 a cranial neuropathy AE that has involvement of the glossopharyngeal nerve (ninth cranial nerve). MW, YH 10061185 glossopharyngeal nerve disorder AE CTCAE: E12672 NCIt: C27211 a cranial neuropathy AE that has involvement of the vagus nerve (tenth cranial nerve). MW, YH 10061403 vagus nerve disorder AE CTCAE: E12845 NCIt: C27591 a cranial neuropathy AE that has involvement of the abducens nerve (sixth cranial nerve). MW, YH 10053662 abducens nerve disorder AE CTCAE: E12569 NCIt: C27593 a cranial neuropathy AE that has involvement of the facial nerve (seventh cranial nerve). MW, YH 10061457 facial nerve disorder AE CTCAE: E12668 NCIt: C27594 a cranial neuropathy AE that has involvement of the oculomotor nerve (third cranial nerve). MW, YH 10053661 oculomotor nerve disorder AE CTCAE: E12751 NCIt: C27598 a sensory neuropathy AE that has distortion of sensory perception, resulting in an abnormal and unpleasant sensation. MW, YH 10062872 dysesthesia AE CTCAE: E12639 NCIt: C28246 a pain AE that has painful or difficult coitus. MW, YH 10013941 dyspareunia AE CTCAE: E13081 NCIt: C2997 a bone disorder AE that has non-neoplastic overgrowth of bone. MW, YH 10015688 exostosis AE CTCAE: E12404 NCIt: C3029 an endocrine system AE that has excessive development of the breasts in males. MW, YH 10018801 gynecomastia AE CTCAE: E13115 NCIt: C3073 a brain edema AE that has an abnormal increase of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain. MW, YH 10020508 hydrocephalus AE CTCAE: E12682 NCIt: C3111 an edema AE that has excessive fluid collection in tissues that causes swelling. MW, YH 10025233 lymphedema AE CTCAE: E13802 NCIt: C3207 a menstrual disorder AE that has the permanent cessation of menses, usually defined by 12 consecutive months of amenorrhea in a woman over 45 years of age. MW, YH 10027308 menopause AE CTCAE: E13750 NCIt: C3231 a physical examination result abnormal AE that is having a high amount of body fat. MW, YH 10029883 obesity AE CTCAE: E12361 NCIt: C3283 a lung inflammation AE that has progressive and life-threatening pulmonary distress in the absence of an underlying pulmonary condition, usually following major trauma or surgery. MW, YH 10001409 adult respiratory distress syndrome AE CTCAE: E13299 NCIt: C3353 a cardiovascular AE that has obstruction of the blood flow in the superior vena cava. Signs and symptoms include swelling and cyanosis of the face, neck, and upper arms, cough, orthopnea and headache. MW, YH Superior vena cava syndrome AE CTCAE: E13819 NCIt: C3396 a menstrual disorder AE that has abnormally painful abdominal cramps during menses. MW, YH 10013934 dysmenorrhea AE CTCAE: E13077 NCIt: C34559 a behavior and neurological AE that has an exaggerated feeling of well-being which is disproportionate to events and stimuli. MW, YH 10015533 euphoria AE CTCAE: E12915 NCIt: C34598 a pain AE that has marked discomfort sensation on the lateral side of the body in the region below the ribs and above the hip. MW, YH 10016750 flank pain flank pain AE CTCAE: E12414 NCIt: C34615 a metabolic disorder AE that has an inability to properly metabolize glucose. MW, YH 10052426 glucose intolerance AE CTCAE: E12264 NCIt: C34646 a urine abnormality AE that has laboratory test results that indicate the presence of free hemoglobin in the urine. MW, YH haemoglobinuria AE 10018906 10019489 hemoglobinuria AE CTCAE: E13006 NCIt: C34677 a sweating AE that has reduced sweating. MW, YH 10021013 hypohidrosis AE CTCAE: E13652 NCIt: C34718 a bone disorder AE that has an abnormal increase in the curvature of the thoracic portion of the spine. MW, YH 10023509 kyphosis AE CTCAE: E12447 NCIt: C34754 a bone disorder AE that has an abnormal increase in the curvature of the lumbar portion of the spine. MW, YH 10024842 lordosis AE CTCAE: E12451 NCIt: C34787 a male reproductive system AE that has a decrease in the number of spermatozoa in the semen. MW, YH 10030300 oligospermia AE CTCAE: E13141 NCIt: C34860 a necrosis AE that has necrotic changes in the bone tissue due to interruption of blood supply. Most often affecting the epiphysis of the long bones, the necrotic changes result in the collapse and the destruction of the bone structure. MW, YH 10066480 avascular necrosis AE CTCAE: E12382 NCIt: C34880 an inflammation AE that has inflammation of the skin characterized by the presence of bullae which are filled with fluid. MW, YH 10006556 bullous dermatitis AE CTCAE: E13617 NCIt: C35149 a speech disorder AE that has impairment of verbal communication skills, often resulting from brain damage. MW, YH 10013951 dysphasia AE CTCAE: E12646 NCIt: C35546 a female reproductive system AE that has a narrowing of the vaginal canal. MW, YH 10053496 vaginal stricture AE CTCAE: E13290 NCIt: C36064 a metabolism, endocrine, and exocrine system AE that has abnormally high alkalinity (low hydrogen-ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues. MW, YH 10001680 alkalosis AE CTCAE: E12247 NCIt: C37909 a gastrointestinal disorder AE that has repeated gulp sounds that result from an involuntary opening and closing of the glottis. This is attributed to a spasm of the diaphragm. MW, YH 10020039 Hiccups AE CTCAE: E13380 NCIt: C37966 an urine abnormality AE that has laboratory test results that indicate the presence of excessive protein in the urine. It is predominantly albumin, but also globulin. MW, YH 10037032 proteinuria AE CTCAE: E13008 NCIt: C38012 an inflammation AE that has generalized inflammatory erythema and exfoliation. The inflammatory process involves > 90% of the body surface area. MW, YH 10015277 erythroderma AE CTCAE: E13633 NCIt: C39646 a syndrome AE that has dysfunction of the corticospinal (pyramidal) tracts of the spinal cord. Symptoms include an increase in the muscle tone in the lower extremities, hyperreflexia, positive Babinski and a decrease in fine motor coordination. MW, YH 10063636 pyramidal tract syndrome AE CTCAE: E12780 NCIt: C43245 a brain edema AE that has swelling due to an excessive accumulation of fluid in the brain. MW, YH 10014217 edema cerebral AE CTCAE: E12650 NCIt: C4909 a tumor AE that has development of a malignancy most probably as a result of treatment for a previously existing malignancy. MW, YH 10049737 treatment related secondary malignancy AE CTCAE: E12561 NCIt: C4969 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the cranium. MW, YH 10022763 intracranial hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E12696 NCIt: C50438 a death AE that has death in utero; failure of the product of conception to show evidence of respiration, heartbeat, or definite movement of a voluntary muscle after expulsion from the uterus, without possibility of resuscitation. MW, YH 10016479 fetal death AE CTCAE: E12855 NCIt: C50620 a ischemia AEE that has a brief attack (less than 24 hours) of cerebral dysfunction of vascular origin, with no persistent neurological deficit. MW, YH 10044391 transient ischemic attacks AE CTCAE: E12834 NCIt: C50781 afemale reproductive system AE that has vaginal secretions. Mucus produced by the cervical glands is discharged from the vagina naturally, especially during the childbearing years. MW, YH 10046901 vaginal discharge AE CTCAE: E13251 NCIt: C50795 a sensory capability AE that has a sudden drop of the blood pressure, bradycardia, and peripheral vasodilation that may lead to loss of consciousness. It results from an increase in the stimulation of the vagus nerve. MW, YH 10047166 vasovagal reaction AE CTCAE: E12851 NCIt: C50798 apregnancy AE that has delivery of a viable infant before the normal end of gestation. Typically, viability is achievable between the twentieth and thirty-seventh week of gestation. MW, YH 早产 10036595 premature delivery AE CTCAE: E12867 NCIt: C50917 a psychiatric disorder AE that has excitement of psychotic proportions manifested by mental and physical hyperactivity, disorganization of behavior and elevation of mood. MW, YH 10026749 mania AE CTCAE: E12936 NCIt: C61374 a hair growth abnormal AE that has the presence of excess hair growth in women in anatomic sites where growth is considered to be a secondary male characteristic and under androgen control (beard, moustache, chest, abdomen) MW, YH 10020112 hirsutism AE CTCAE: E13642 NCIt: C61444 a necrosis AE that has a necrotic process occurring in the bone of the mandible. MW, YH 10064658 osteonecrosis of jaw AE CTCAE: E12502 NCIt: C63924 a necrosis AE that has a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the abdominal wall. MW, YH 10065775 abdominal soft tissue necrosis AE CTCAE: E12369 NCIt: C78165 a metabolic disorder AE that has an increase in sensitivity to the adverse effects of alcohol, which can include nasal congestion, skin flushes, heart dysrhythmias, nausea, vomiting, indigestion and headaches. MW, YH 10001598 alcohol intolerance AE CTCAE: E12242 NCIt: C78167 a psychiatric disorder AE that has an inability to achieve orgasm. MW, YH 10002652 anorgasmia AE CTCAE: E12880 NCIt: C78177 an urinary system AE that has a rupture in the bladder wall. MW, YH 10063575 bladder perforation AE CTCAE: E12979 NCIt: C78208 an urinary system AE that has a sudden and involuntary contraction of the bladder wall. MW, YH 10048994 bladder spasm AE CTCAE: E12984 NCIt: C78210 a hemorrhage AE that is bleeding from the bronchial wall and/or lung parenchyma. MW, YH 10065746 bronchopulmonary hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13346 NCIt: C78224 a respiratory system AE that has blockage of a bronchus passage, most often by bronchial secretions and exudates. MW, YH 10006440 bronchial obstruction AE CTCAE: E13328 NCIt: C78225 a respiratory system AE that has a narrowing of the bronchial tube. MW, YH 10063524 bronchial stricture AE CTCAE: E13334 NCIt: C78226 a necrosis AE that has a necrotic process occurring in the brain and/or spinal cord. MW, YH 10065784 central nervous system necrosis AE CTCAE: E12605 NCIt: C78236 a pain AE that has marked discomfort sensation in the chest wall region. MW, YH 10008496 chest wall pain AE CTCAE: E12400 NCIt: C78238 a cystitis AE that has inflammation of the bladder which is not caused by an infection of the urinary tract. MW, YH 10063057 cystitis noninfective AE CTCAE: E12994 NCIt: C78250 a psychiatric disorder AE that has sexual dysfunction characterized by a delay in climax. MW, YH 10057066 delayed orgasm AE CTCAE: E12895 NCIt: C78252 a male reproductive system AE that has problems related to ejaculation. This category includes premature, delayed, retrograde and painful ejaculation. MW, YH 10014326 ejaculation disorder AE CTCAE: E13085 NCIt: C78264 a muscular weakness AE that has a reduction in the strength of the facial muscles. MW, YH 10051272 facial muscle weakness AE CTCAE: E12664 NCIt: C78290 a female reproductive system AE that has blockage of the normal flow of the contents in the fallopian tube. MW, YH 10065789 fallopian tube obstruction AE CTCAE: E13092 NCIt: C78293 a female reproductive system AE that has a narrowing of the fallopian tube lumen. MW, YH 10065791 fallopian tube stenosis AE CTCAE: E13096 NCIt: C78295 a connective tissue disorder AE that has shrinking of adipose tissue. MW, YH 10016241 fat atrophy AE CTCAE: E13638 NCIt: C78297 a fistula AE that has an abnormal communication between a female reproductive system organ and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10061149 female genital tract fistula AE CTCAE: E13102 NCIt: C78298 an endocrine system AE that has the development of secondary female sex characteristics in males due to extrinsic factors. MW, YH 10054382 feminization acquired AE CTCAE: E13108 NCIt: C78299 a connective tissue disorder AE that has fibrotic degeneration of the deep connective tissues. MW, YH 10065799 fibrosis deep connective tissue AE CTCAE: E12408 NCIt: C78301 a muscular weakness AE that has a reduction in the strength of muscles in multiple anatomic sites. MW, YH 10062572 generalized muscle weakness AE CTCAE: E12418 NCIt: C78323 a musculoskeletal and connective tissue AE that has stature that is smaller than normal as expected for age. MW, YH 10018761 growth suppression AE CTCAE: E12422 NCIt: C78328 a necrosis AE that has a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the head. MW, YH 10065779 head soft tissue necrosis AE CTCAE: E12426 NCIt: C78331 a female reproductive system AE that has the presence of blood in a fallopian tube. MW, YH 10060602 hematosalpinx AE CTCAE: E13119 NCIt: C78332 a sleep disorder AE that has characterized by excessive sleepiness during the daytime. MW, YH 10020765 hypersomnia AE CTCAE: E12688 NCIt: C78346 a homeostasis AE that has accumulation of iron in the tissues. MW, YH 10065973 iron overload AE CTCAE: E12350 NCIt: C78393 an ischemia AE that has a decrease or absence of blood supply to the brain caused by obstruction (thrombosis or embolism) of an artery resulting in neurological damage. MW, YH 10023030 ischemia cerebrovascular AE CTCAE: E12702 NCIt: C78394 a cranial neuropathy AE that has involvement of the trochlear nerve (fourth cranial nerve). MW, YH 10065836 IVth nerve disorder AE CTCAE: E12705 NCIt: C78395 a joint disorder AE that has a decrease in flexibility of a cervical spine joint. MW, YH 10065796 joint range of motion decreased cervical spine AE CTCAE: E12439 NCIt: C78404 a joint disorder AE that has a decrease in flexibility of a lumbar spine joint. MW, YH 10065800 joint range of motion decreased lumbar spine AE CTCAE: E12443 NCIt: C78405 a fistula AE that has an abnormal communication between the larynx and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10065786 laryngeal fistula AE CTCAE: E13399 NCIt: C78410 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the larynx. MW, YH 10065759 laryngeal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13405 NCIt: C78411 an inflammation AE that has an inflammation involving the mucous membrane of the larynx. MW, YH 10065880 laryngeal mucositis AE CTCAE: E13415 NCIt: C78412 a respiratory system AE that has blockage of the laryngeal airway. MW, YH 10059639 laryngeal obstruction AE CTCAE: E13421 NCIt: C78413 a libido disorder AE that has a decrease in sexual desire. MW, YH 10024419 libido decreased AE CTCAE: E12929 NCIt: C78432 a libido disorder AE that has an increase in sexual desire. MW, YH 10024421 libido increased AE CTCAE: E12932 NCIt: C78433 a skin AE that has hypertrophy of the subcutaneous adipose tissue at the site of multiple subcutaneous injections of insulin. MW, YH 10062315 lipohypertrophy AE CTCAE: E13657 NCIt: C78436 an immune system AE that has the loss of lymph fluid into the surrounding tissue or body cavity. MW, YH 10065773 lymph leakage AE CTCAE: E13797 NCIt: C78439 an immune system AE that has a cystic lesion containing lymph. MW, YH 10048642 lymphocele AE CTCAE: E13806 NCIt: C78442 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the mediastinum. MW, YH 10056356 mediastinal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13444 NCIt: C78443 a movement disorder AE that has uncontrolled and purposeless movements. MW, YH 10028041 movements involuntary AE CTCAE: E12728 NCIt: C78453 a muscular weakness AE that has a reduction in the strength of the muscles on the left side of the body. MW, YH 10065780 muscle weakness left-sided AE CTCAE: E12455 NCIt: C78455 a muscular weakness AE that has a reduction in the strength of the lower limb muscles. MW, YH 10065776 muscle weakness lower limb AE CTCAE: E12459 NCIt: C78456 a muscular weakness AE that has a reduction in the strength of the muscles on the right side of the body. MW, YH 10065794 muscle weakness right-sided AE CTCAE: E12463 NCIt: C78457 a muscular weakness AE that has a reduction in the strength of the trunk muscles. MW, YH 10065795 muscle weakness trunk AE CTCAE: E12467 NCIt: C78458 a muscular weakness AE that has a reduction in the strength of the upper limb muscles. MW, YH 10065895 muscle weakness upper limb AE CTCAE: E12471 NCIt: C78459 a musculoskeletal and connective tissue AE that has a malformation of the musculoskeletal system. MW, YH 10065783 musculoskeletal deformity AE CTCAE: E12481 NCIt: C78488 a nail AE that has a change in the color of the nail plate. MW, YH 10028691 nail discoloration AE CTCAE: E13661 NCIt: C78492 a nail AE that has loss of all or a portion of the nail. MW, YH 10049281 nail loss AE CTCAE: E13663 NCIt: C78494 a nail AE that has vertical or horizontal ridges on the nails. MW, YH 10062283 nail ridging AE CTCAE: E13666 NCIt: C78499 a necrosis AE that has a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the neck. MW, YH 10065781 neck soft tissue necrosis AE CTCAE: E12497 NCIt: C78502 a female reproductive system AE that has a malformation of the nipple. MW, YH 10065823 nipple deformity AE CTCAE: E13138 NCIt: C78503 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the ovary. MW, YH 10065763 ovarian hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13145 NCIt: C78511 a female reproductive system AE that is tearing or disruption of the ovarian tissue. MW, YH 10033279 ovarian rupture AE CTCAE: E13151 NCIt: C78513 a pain AE that has marked discomfort sensation in one side of the abdomen between menstrual cycles, around the time of the discharge of the ovum from the ovarian follicle. MW, YH 10033314 ovulation pain AE CTCAE: E13157 NCIt: C78514 a muscular weakness AE that has a reduction in the strength of the muscles of the pelvic floor. MW, YH 10064026 pelvic floor muscle weakness AE CTCAE: E13161 NCIt: C78524 a necrosis AE that has a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the pelvis. MW, YH 10065793 pelvic soft tissue necrosis AE CTCAE: E12516 NCIt: C78525 a pain AE that has marked discomfort sensation in the penis. MW, YH 10034310 penile pain AE CTCAE: E13171 NCIt: C78527 a psychiatric disorder AE that has a conspicuous change in a person's behavior and thinking. MW, YH 10034719 personality change AE CTCAE: E12942 NCIt: C78548 a fistula AE that has an abnormal communication between the pharynx and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10034825 pharyngeal fistula AE CTCAE: E13454 NCIt: C78551 an inflammation AE that has an inflammation involving the mucous membrane of the pharynx. MW, YH 10065881 pharyngeal mucositis AE CTCAE: E13466 NCIt: C78553 a necrosis AE that has a necrotic process occurring in the pharynx. MW, YH 10065706 pharyngeal necrosis AE CTCAE: E13472 NCIt: C78554 a respiratory system AE that has a narrowing of the pharyngeal airway. MW, YH 10050028 pharyngeal stenosis AE CTCAE: E13476 NCIt: C78555 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the prostate gland. MW, YH 10055325 prostatic hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13181 NCIt: C78572 a prostatic disorder AE that has compression of the urethra secondary to enlargement of the prostate gland. This results in voiding difficulties (straining to void, slow urine stream, and incomplete emptying of the bladder). MW, YH 10055026 prostatic obstruction AE CTCAE: E13187 NCIt: C78573 a pain AE that has a sensation of marked discomfort in the prostate gland. MW, YH 10036968 prostatic pain AE CTCAE: E13191 NCIt: C78574 a psychiatric disorder AE that has personality change, impaired functioning, and loss of touch with reality. It may be a manifestation of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or brain tumor. MW, YH 10037234 psychosis AE CTCAE: E12954 NCIt: C78576 a fistula AE that has an abnormal communication between the lung and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10065873 pulmonary fistula AE CTCAE: E13533 NCIt: C78577 an inflammation AE that has inflammation involving a nerve root. Patients experience marked discomfort radiating along a nerve path because of spinal pressure on the connecting nerve root. MW, YH 10061928 radiculitis AE CTCAE: E12786 NCIt: C78581 a recurrent alsy AE that occurs at the laryngeal nerve. MW, YH 10038130 recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy AE CTCAE: E12792 NCIt: C78592 a renal calculus AE that has paroxysmal and severe flank marked discomfort radiating to the inguinal area. Often, the cause is the passage of kidney stones. MW, YH 10038419 renal colic AE CTCAE: E13024 NCIt: C78593 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the kidney. MW, YH 10038463 renal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13028 NCIt: C78594 a syndrome AE that has weight gain, dyspnea, pleural and pericardial effusions, leukocytosis and/or renal failure originally described in patients treated with all-trans retinoic acid. MW, YH 10038921 retinoic acid syndrome AE CTCAE: E13554 NCIt: C78597 a bone disorder AE that has a malformed, lateral curvature of the spine. MW, YH 10039722 scoliosis AE CTCAE: E12521 NCIt: C78603 a pain AE that has marked discomfort sensation in the scrotal area. MW, YH 10039757 scrotal pain AE CTCAE: E13201 NCIt: C78607 a pain AE that has marked discomfort in the face, between the eyes, or upper teeth originating from the sinuses. MW, YH 10040747 sinus pain AE CTCAE: E12810 NCIt: C78609 an induration AE that has an area of hardness in the skin. MW, YH 10051837 skin induration AE CTCAE: E13724 NCIt: C78611 a necrosis AE that has a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the lower extremity. MW, YH 10065777 soft tissue necrosis lower limb AE CTCAE: E12525 NCIt: C78620 a necrosis AE that has a necrotic process occurring in the soft tissues of the upper extremity. MW, YH 10065778 soft tissue necrosis upper limb AE CTCAE: E12530 NCIt: C78621 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the spermatic cord. MW, YH 10065762 spermatic cord hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13205 NCIt: C78623 a male reproductive system AE that has blockage of the normal flow of the contents of the spermatic cord. MW, YH 10065805 spermatic cord obstruction AE CTCAE: E13211 NCIt: C78624 a connective tissue disorder AE that has fibrotic degeneration of the superficial soft tissues. MW, YH 10065798 superficial soft tissue fibrosis AE CTCAE: E12535 NCIt: C78633 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the testis. MW, YH 10055347 testicular hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13221 NCIt: C78635 a pain AE that has a sensation of marked discomfort in the testis. MW, YH 10043345 testicular pain AE CTCAE: E13227 NCIt: C78636 a fistula AE that hasan abnormal communication between the trachea and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10065787 tracheal fistula AE CTCAE: E13583 NCIt: C78641 an inflammation AE that has an inflammation involving the mucous membrane of the trachea. MW, YH 10065900 tracheal mucositis AE CTCAE: E13589 NCIt: C78644 a respiratory system AE that has a narrowing of the trachea. MW, YH 10050816 tracheal stenosis AE CTCAE: E13595 NCIt: C78646 a pain AE that has marked discomfort from a neoplasm that may be pressing on a nerve, blocking blood vessels, inflamed or fractured from metastasis. MW, YH 10045158 tumor pain AE CTCAE: E12565 NCIt: C78656 a musculoskeletal and connective tissue AE that hasa discrepancy between the lengths of the lower or upper extremities. MW, YH 10065738 unequal limb length AE CTCAE: E12545 NCIt: C78657 an urine abnormality AE that has a change in the color of the urine. MW, YH 10046628 urine discoloration AE CTCAE: E13065 NCIt: C78678 a fistula AE that has an abnormal communication between the uterus and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10065811 uterine fistula AE CTCAE: E13231 NCIt: C78685 an urinary system AE that has blockage of the uterine outlet. MW, YH 10065928 uterine obstruction AE CTCAE: E13243 NCIt: C78693 a pain AE that has a sensation of marked discomfort in the uterus. MW, YH 10046809 uterine pain AE CTCAE: E13247 NCIt: C78694 a female reproductive system AE that has an uncomfortable feeling of itching and burning in the vagina. MW, YH 10046904 vaginal dryness AE CTCAE: E13254 NCIt: C78699 a female reproductive system AE that has blockage of vaginal canal. MW, YH 10065817 vaginal obstruction AE CTCAE: E13276 NCIt: C78700 a pain AE that has a sensation of marked discomfort in the vagina. MW, YH 10046937 vaginal pain AE CTCAE: E13280 NCIt: C78701 a female reproductive system AE that has a rupture in the vaginal wall. MW, YH 10065818 vaginal perforation AE CTCAE: E13284 NCIt: C78702 a female reproductive system AE that hasinvoluntary spasms of the pelvic floor muscles, resulting in pathologic tightness of the vaginal wall during penetration such as during sexual intercourse. MW, YH 10046947 vaginismus AE CTCAE: E13295 NCIt: C78703 an ischemia AE that has a decrease in blood supply due to narrowing or blockage of a visceral (mesenteric) artery. MW, YH 10054692 visceral arterial ischemia AE CTCAE: E13843 NCIt: C78712 a skin AE that has an abnormal body smell resulting from the growth of bacteria on the body. MW, YH 10005901 body odor AE CTCAE: E13614 NCIt: C79542 a fistula AE that has an abnormal communication between the bronchus and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10006437 bronchial fistula AE CTCAE: E13322 NCIt: C79543 a nervous system AE that has an abnormal, repetitive, involuntary muscle movements, frenzied speech and extreme restlessness. MW, YH 10015832 extrapyramidal disorder AE CTCAE: E12658 NCIt: C79593 a hair growth abnormal AE that has hair density or length beyond the accepted limits of normal in a particular body region, for a particular age or race. MW, YH 10020864 hypertrichosis AE CTCAE: E13649 NCIt: C79597 a female reproductive system AE that has disturbances of milk secretion. It is not necessarily related to pregnancy that is observed in females and can be observed in males. MW, YH 10061261 lactation disorder AE CTCAE: E13129 NCIt: C79606 a respiratory system AE that has a narrowing of the laryngeal airway. MW, YH 10023862 laryngeal stenosis AE CTCAE: E13427 NCIt: C79608 a nervous system AE that has neck stiffness, headache, and photophobia resulting from irritation of the cerebral meninges. MW, YH 10027198 meningismus AE CTCAE: E12722 NCIt: C79694 a pain AE that has marked discomfort related to a limb or an organ that is removed from or is not physically part of the body. MW, YH 10056238 phantom pain AE CTCAE: E12774 NCIt: C79703 a pain AE that has marked discomfort sensation in the skin covering the top and the back of the head. MW, YH 10049120 scalp pain AE CTCAE: E13704 NCIt: C79716 a pregnancy AE that has an unexpected pregnancy at the time of conception. MW, YH 10045542 unintended pregnancy AE CTCAE: E12872 NCIt: C79801 a urinary tract disoder AE that has blockage of the normal flow of contents of the urinary tract. MW, YH 10061574 urinary tract obstruction AE CTCAE: E13052 NCIt: C79805 a fistula AE that has an abnormal communication between the vagina and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10065813 vaginal fistula AE CTCAE: E13258 NCIt: C79847 a fistula AE that has an abnormal communication between any part of the urinary system and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10065368 urinary fistula AE CTCAE: E13034 NCIt: C79850 a male reproductive system AE that has laboratory test results that indicate complete absence of spermatozoa in the semen. MW, YH 10003883 azoospermia AE CTCAE: E13067 NCIt: C80076 a renal failure AE that has gradual and usually permanent loss of kidney function resulting in renal failure. MW, YH 10064848 chronic kidney disease AE CTCAE: E12988 NCIt: C80078 a behavior and neurological AE that has a deterioration in the ability to concentrate. MW, YH 10010250 concentration impairment AE CTCAE: E12621 NCIt: C80081 a fetal disorder AE that has inhibition of fetal growth resulting in the inability of the fetus to achieve its potential weight. MW, YH 10054746 fetal growth retardation AE CTCAE: E12857 NCIt: C80083 a menstrual disorder AE that has ovarian failure before the age of 40. Symptoms include hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings and a decrease in sex drive. MW, YH 10036601 premature menopause AE CTCAE: E13179 NCIt: C80099 a tumor AE that has leukemia arising as a result of the mutagenic effect of chemotherapy agents. MW, YH 10048293 leukemia secondary to oncology chemotherapy AE CTCAE: E12549 NCIt: C80691 a fistula AE that has an abnormal communication between a bronchus and the pleural cavity. MW, YH 10053481 bronchopleural fistula AE CTCAE: E13340 NCIt: C80694 a pain AE that has a sensation of marked discomfort in the urinary tract. MW, YH 10062225 urinary tract pain AE CTCAE: E13058 NCIt: C83493 a female reproductive system AE that has underdevelopment of the breast. MW, YH 10006179 breast atrophy AE CTCAE: E13069 NCIt: C83494 a medical intervention that refers to any series of pre-defined steps that should be followed to achieve a desired result. YH, SS WEB: http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-is-the-difference-between-a-surgery-and-a-procedure.htm medical procedure an AE that occurs in an incision site. YH, SS incision site AE a medical intervention site that is used for incision for a surgery. YH, SS incision site a hymphedema AE that has trace thickening or faint discoloration YH, MW Grade 1 lymphedema AE CTCAE: E13803 a hymphedema AE that has marked discoloration; leathery skin texture; papillary formation; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 lymphedema AE CTCAE: E13804 a superior vena cava syndrome AE that has asymptomatic; incidental finding of SVC thrombosis YH, MW Grade 1 superior vena cava syndrome AE CTCAE: E13820 a superior vena cava syndrome AEthat has symptomatic; medical intervention indicated (e.g., anticoagulation, radiation or chemotherapy) YH, MW Grade 2 superior vena cava syndrome AE CTCAE: E13821 a superior vena cava syndrome AE that has severe symptoms; multi-modality intervention indicated (e.g., anticoagulation, chemotherapy, radiation, stenting) YH, MW Grade 3 superior vena cava syndrome AE CTCAE: E13822 a superior vena cava syndrome AE that has life-threatening consequences; urgent multi-modality intervention indicated (e.g., lysis, thrombectomy, surgery) YH, MW Grade 4 superior vena cava syndrome AE CTCAE: E13823 a thromboembolic event AE that has venous thrombosis (e.g., superficial thrombosis) YH, MW Grade 1 thromboembolic event AE CTCAE: E13826 a thromboembolic event AE that has venous thrombosis (e.g., uncomplicated deep vein thrombosis), medical intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 2 thromboembolic event AE CTCAE: E13827 a thromboembolic event AE that has thrombosis (e.g., uncomplicated pulmonary embolism [venous], non-embolic cardiac mural [arterial] thrombus), medical intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 thromboembolic event AE CTCAE: E13828 a thromboembolic event AE that has life-threatening (e.g., pulmonary embolism, cerebrovascular event, arterial insufficiency); hemodynamic or neurologic instability; urgent intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 4 thromboembolic event AE CTCAE: E13829 a visceral arterial ischemia AE that has brief (<24 hrs) episode of ischemia managed medically and without permanent deficit YH, MW Grade 2 visceral arterial ischemia AE CTCAE: E13844 a visceral arterial ischemia AE that has prolonged (>=24 hrs) or recurring symptoms and/or invasive intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 visceral arterial ischemia AE CTCAE: E13845 a menopause AE that the menopause occurres at age 46 - 53 years of age YH, MW Grade 1 menopause AE CTCAE: E13751 a menopause AE that the menopause occurres at age 40 - 45 years of age YH, MW Grade 2 menopause AE CTCAE: E13752 a menopause AE that the menopause occurres before age 40 years of age YH, MW Grade 3 menopause AE CTCAE: E13753 a body odor AE that has mild odor; physician intervention not indicated; self care interventions YH, MW Grade 1 body odor AE CTCAE: E13615 a body odor AE that has pronounced odor; psychosocial impact; patient seeks medical intervention YH, MW Grade 2 body odor AE CTCAE: E13616 a bullous AE that has asymptomatic; blisters covering <10% BSA YH, MW Grade 1 bullous dermatitis AE CTCAE: E13618 a bullous AE that has blisters covering 10 - 30% BSA; painful blisters; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 bullous dermatitis AE CTCAE: E13619 a bullous AE that has blisters covering >30% BSA; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 bullous dermatitis AE CTCAE: E13620 a bullous AE that has blisters covering >30% BSA; associated with fluid or electrolyte abnormalities; ICU care or burn unit indicated YH, MW Grade 4 bullous dermatitis AE CTCAE: E13621 an erythroderma AE that has erythema covering >90% BSA without associated symptoms; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 erythroderma AE CTCAE: E13634 an erythroderma AE that has erythema covering >90% BSA with associated symptoms (e.g., pruritus or tenderness); limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 erythroderma AE CTCAE: E13635 an erythroderma AE that has erythema covering >90% BSA with associated fluid or electrolyte abnormalities; ICU care or burn unit indicated YH, MW Grade 4 erythroderma AE CTCAE: E13636 a fat atrophy AE that is covering <10% BSA and asymptomatic YH, MW Grade 1 fat atrophy AE CTCAE: E13639 a fat atrophy AE that is covering 10 - 30% BSA and associated with erythema or tenderness; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 fat atrophy AE CTCAE: E13640 a fat atrophy AE that is covering >30% BSA; associated with erythema or tenderness; limiting self-care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 fat atrophy AE CTCAE: E13641 a hirsutism AE that is In women, increase in length, thickness or density of hair in a male distribution that the patient is able to camouflage by periodic shaving, bleaching, or removal of hair YH, MW Grade 1 hirsutism AE CTCAE: E13643 a hirsutism AE that In women, increase in length, thickness or density of hair in a male distribution that requires daily shaving or consistent destructive means of hair removal to camouflage; associated with psychosocial impact YH, MW Grade 2 hirsutism AE CTCAE: E13644 a hypertrichosis AE that has increased in length, thickness or density of hair. The patient is either able to camouflage by periodic shaving or removal of hairs or is not concerned enough about the overgrowth to use any form of hair removal YH, MW Grade 1 hypertrichosis AE CTCAE: E13650 a hypertrichosis AE that has increased in length, thickness or density of hair at least on the usual exposed areas of the body [face (not limited to beard/moustache area) plus/minus arms] that requires frequent shaving or use of destructive means of hair removal to camouflage; associated with psychosocial impact YH, MW Grade 2 hypertrichosis AE CTCAE: E13651 a hypertrichosis AE that has increased in body temperature; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 hypohidrosis AE CTCAE: E13654 a hypertrichosis AE that has heat stroke YH, MW Grade 4 hypohidrosis AE CTCAE: E13655 a lipohypertrophy AE that has asymptomatic and covering <10% BSA YH, MW Grade 1 lipohypertrophy AE CTCAE: E13658 a lipohypertrophy AE that covers 10 - 30% BSA and associated tenderness; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 lipohypertrophy AE CTCAE: E13659 a lipohypertrophy AE that covers >30% BSA and associated tenderness and narcotics or NSAIDs indicated; lipohypertrophy; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 lipohypertrophy AE CTCAE: E13660 a nail loss AE that has asymptomatic separation of the nail bed from the nail plate or nail loss YH, MW Grade 1 nail loss AE CTCAE: E13664 a nail loss AE that has symptomatic separation of the nail bed from the nail plate or nail loss; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 nail loss AE CTCAE: E13665 a rash acneiform AE that has papules and/or pustules covering <10% BSA, which may or may not be associated with symptoms of pruritus or tenderness YH, MW Grade 1 rash acneiform AE CTCAE: E13695 a rash acneiform AE that has papules and/or pustules covering 10 - 30% BSA, which may or may not be associated with symptoms of pruritus or tenderness; associated with psychosocial impact; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 rash acneiform AE CTCAE: E13696 a rash acneiform AE that has papules and/or pustules covering >30% BSA, which may or may not be associated with symptoms of pruritus or tenderness; limiting self care ADL; associated with local superinfection with oral antibiotics indicated YH, MW Grade 3 rash acneiform AE CTCAE: E13697 a rash acneiform AE that has papules and/or pustules covering any % BSA, which may or may not be associated with symptoms of pruritus or tenderness and are associated with extensive superinfection with IV antibiotics indicated; life-threatening consequences YH, MW Grade 4 rash acneiform AE CTCAE: E13698 a rash maculopapular AE that has macules/papules covering <10% BSA with or without symptoms (e.g., pruritus, burning, tightness) YH, MW Grade 1 rash maculo-papular AE CTCAE: E13701 a rash maculopapular AE that has macules/papules covering 10 - 30% BSA with or without symptoms (e.g., pruritus, burning, tightness); limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 rash maculo-papular AE CTCAE: E13702 a rash maculopapular AE that has macules/papules covering >30% BSA with or without associated symptoms; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 rash maculo-papular AE CTCAE: E13703 a skin induration AE that has mild induration, able to move skin parallel to plane (sliding) and perpendicular to skin (pinching up) YH, MW Grade 1 skin induration AE CTCAE: E13725 a skin induration AE that has moderate induration, able to slide skin, unable to pinch skin; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 skin induration AE CTCAE: E13726 a skin induration AE that has severe induration, unable to slide or pinch skin; limiting joint movement or orifice (e.g., mouth, anus); limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 skin induration AE CTCAE: E13727 a skin induration AE that has generalized; associated with signs or symptoms of impaired breathing or feeding YH, MW Grade 4 skin induration AE CTCAE: E13728 a bronchial fistula AE that has symptomatic; tube thoracostomy or medical management indicated; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 bronchial fistula AE CTCAE: E13324 a bronchial fistula AE that has severe symptoms; limiting self care ADL; endoscopic or operative intervention indicated (e.g., stent or primary closure) YH, MW Grade 3 bronchial fistula AE CTCAE: E13325 a bronchial fistula AE that has life-threatening consequences; urgent operative intervention with thoracoplasty, chronic open drainage or multiple thoracotomies indicated YH, MW Grade 4 bronchial fistula AE CTCAE: E13326 a bronchial obstruction AE that has symptomatic (e.g., mild wheezing); endoscopic evaluation indicated; radiographic evidence of atelectasis/lobar collapse; medical management indicated (e.g., steroids, bronchodilators) YH, MW Grade 2 bronchial obstruction AE CTCAE: E13330 a bronchial obstruction AE that has shortness of breath with stridor; endoscopic intervention indicated (e.g., laser, stent placement) YH, MW Grade 3 bronchial obstruction AE CTCAE: E13331 a bronchial stricture AE that AE symptomatic (e.g., rhonchi or wheezing) but without respiratory distress; medical intervention indicated (e.g., steroids, bronchodilators) YH, MW Grade 2 bronchial stricture AE CTCAE: E13336 a bronchial stricture AE that AE shortness of breath with stridor; endoscopic intervention indicated (e.g., laser, stent placement) YH, MW Grade 3 bronchial stricture AE CTCAE: E13337 a bronchopleural fistula AE that has severe symptoms; limiting self care ADL; endoscopic or operative intervention indicated (e.g., stent or primary closure) YH, MW Grade 3 bronchopleural fistula AE CTCAE: E13343 a bronchopleural fistula AE that has life-threatening consequences; urgent operative intervention with thoracoplasty, chronic open drainage or multiple thoracotomies indicated YH, MW Grade 4 bronchopleural fistula AE CTCAE: E13344 a laryngeal fistula AE that has symptomatic; tube thoracostomy or medical management indicated; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 laryngeal fistula AE CTCAE: E13401 a laryngeal fistula AE that has severe symptoms; limiting self care ADL; endoscopic or operative intervention indicated (e.g., stent or primary closure) YH, MW Grade 3 laryngeal fistula AE CTCAE: E13402 a laryngeal fistula AE that has life-threatening consequences; urgent operative intervention indicated (e.g., thoracoplasty, chronic open drainage or multiple thoracotomies) YH, MW Grade 4 laryngeal fistula AE CTCAE: E13403 a laryngeal hemorrhage AE that has mild cough or trace hemoptysis; laryngoscopic findings YH, MW Grade 1 laryngeal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13406 a laryngeal inflammation AE that has mild sore throat; raspy voice YH, MW Grade 1 laryngeal inflammation AE CTCAE: E13412 a laryngeal inflammation AE that has moderate sore throat; analgesics indicated YH, MW Grade 2 laryngeal inflammation AE CTCAE: E13413 a laryngeal inflammation AE that has severe throat pain; endoscopic intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 laryngeal inflammation AE CTCAE: E13414 a laryngeal mucositis AE that has endoscopic findings only; mild discomfort with normal intake YH, MW Grade 1 laryngeal mucositis AE CTCAE: E13416 a laryngeal mucositis AE that has moderate discomfort; altered oral intake YH, MW Grade 2 laryngeal mucositis AE CTCAE: E13417 a laryngeal mucositis AE that has severe pain; severely altered eating/swallowing; medical intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 laryngeal mucositis AE CTCAE: E13418 a laryngeal mucositis AE that has life-threatening airway compromise; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., tracheotomy or intubation) YH, MW Grade 4 laryngeal mucositis AE CTCAE: E13419 a laryngeal obstruction AE that has symptomatic (e.g., noisy airway breathing), but causing no respiratory distress; medical management indicated (e.g., steroids); limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 laryngeal obstruction AE CTCAE: E13423 a laryngeal obstruction AE that has limiting self care ADL; stridor; endoscopic intervention indicated (e.g., stent, laser) YH, MW Grade 3 laryngeal obstruction AE CTCAE: E13424 a laryngeal stenosis AE that has symptomatic (e.g., noisy airway breathing), but causing no respiratory distress; medical management indicated (e.g., steroids) YH, MW Grade 2 laryngeal stenosis AE CTCAE: E13429 a laryngeal stenosis AE that has limiting self care ADL; stridor; endoscopic intervention indicated (e.g., stent, laser) YH, MW Grade 3 laryngeal stenosis AE CTCAE: E13430 a laryngopharyngeal dysesthesia AE that has moderate symptoms; mild anxiety, but no dyspnea; short duration of observation and or anxiolytic indicated; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 laryngopharyngeal dysesthesia AE CTCAE: E13435 a laryngopharyngeal dysesthesia AE that has severe symptoms; dyspnea and swallowing difficulty; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 laryngopharyngeal dysesthesia AE CTCAE: E13436 a laryngospasm AE that has transient episode; intervention not indicated YH, MW Grade 2 laryngospasm AE CTCAE: E13440 a laryngospasm AE that has recurrent episodes; noninvasive intervention indicated (e.g., breathing technique, pressure point massage) YH, MW Grade 3 laryngospasm AE CTCAE: E13441 a laryngospasm AE that has persistent or severe episodes associated with syncope; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., fiberoptic laryngoscopy, intubation, botox injection) YH, MW Grade 4 laryngospasm AE CTCAE: E13442 a pharyngeal fistula AE that has symptomatic; tube thoracostomy or medical intervention indicated; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 pharyngeal fistula AE CTCAE: E13456 a pharyngeal fistula AE that has severe symptoms; limiting self care ADL; endoscopic or operative intervention indicated (e.g., stent or primary closure) YH, MW Grade 3 pharyngeal fistula AE CTCAE: E13457 a pharyngeal mucositis AE that has endoscopic findings only; minimal symptoms with normal oral intake; mild pain but analgesics not indicated YH, MW Grade 1 pharyngeal mucositis AE CTCAE: E13467 a pharyngeal mucositis AE that has moderate pain and analgesics indicated; altered oral intake; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 pharyngeal mucositis AE CTCAE: E13468 a pharyngeal mucositis AE that has severe pain; unable to adequately aliment or hydrate orally; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 pharyngeal mucositis AE CTCAE: E13469 a pharyngeal necrosis AE that has inability to aliment adequately by GI tract; tube feeding or TPN indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 pharyngeal necrosis AE CTCAE: E13473 a pharyngeal stenosis AE that has symptomatic (e.g., noisy airway breathing), but causing no respiratory distress; medical management indicated (e.g., steroids); limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 pharyngeal stenosis AE CTCAE: E13478 a pharyngeal stenosis AE that has limiting self care ADL; stridor; endoscopic intervention indicated (e.g., stent, laser) YH, MW Grade 3 pharyngeal stenosis AE CTCAE: E13479 a pharyngeal stenosis AE that has life-threatening airway compromise; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., tracheotomy or intubation) YH, MW Grade 4 pharyngeal stenosis AE CTCAE: E13480 a pulmonary fistula AE that has symptomatic; tube thoracostomy or medical management indicated; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 pulmonary fistula AE CTCAE: E13535 a pulmonary fistula AE that has limiting self care ADL; endoscopic stenting or operative intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 pulmonary fistula AE CTCAE: E13536 a retinoic acid syndrome AE that has fluid retention; <3 kg of weight gain; intervention with fluid restriction and/or diuretics indicated YH, MW Grade 1 retinoic acid syndrome AE CTCAE: E13555 a sleep apnea AE that has snoring and nocturnal sleep arousal without apneic periods YH, MW Grade 1 sleep apnea AE CTCAE: E13567 a sleep apnea AE that has moderate apnea and oxygen desaturation; excessive daytime sleepiness; medical evaluation indicated; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 sleep apnea AE CTCAE: E13568 a sleep apnea AE that has oxygen desaturation; associated with hypertension; medical intervention indicated; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 sleep apnea AE CTCAE: E13569 a sleep apnea AE that has cardiovascular or neuropsychiatric symptoms; urgent operative intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 4 sleep apnea AE CTCAE: E13570 a tracheal fistula AE that has symptomatic; tube thoracostomy or medical intervention indicated; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 tracheal fistula AE CTCAE: E13585 a tracheal fistula AE that has severe symptoms; limiting self care ADL; endoscopic or operative intervention indicated (e.g., stent or primary closure) YH, MW Grade 3 tracheal fistula AE CTCAE: E13586 a tracheal fistula AE that has life-threatening consequences; urgent operative intervention indicated (e.g., thoracoplasty, chronic open drainage or multiple thoracotomies) YH, MW Grade 4 tracheal fistula AE CTCAE: E13587 a tracheal mucositis AE that has endoscopic findings only; minimal hemoptysis, pain, or respiratory symptoms YH, MW Grade 1 tracheal mucositis AE CTCAE: E13590 a tracheal mucositis AE that has severe pain; hemorrhage or respiratory symptoms; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 tracheal mucositis AE CTCAE: E13592 a tracheal stenosis AE that has symptomatic (e.g., noisy airway breathing), but causing no respiratory distress; medical management indicated (e.g., steroids) YH, MW Grade 2 tracheal stenosis AE CTCAE: E13597 a tracheal stenosis AE that has stridor or respiratory distress limiting self care ADL; endoscopic intervention indicated (e.g., stent, laser) YH, MW Grade 3 tracheal stenosis AE CTCAE: E13598 a tracheal stenosis AE that has life-threatening airway compromise; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., tracheotomy or intubation) YH, MW Grade 4 tracheal stenosis AE CTCAE: E13599 an azoospermia AE that has absence of sperm in ejaculate YH, MW Grade 3 azoospermia AE CTCAE: E13068 A breast atrophy AE that has asymmetry >1/3 of breast volume; severe atrophy YH, MW Grade 3 breast atrophy AE CTCAE: E13072 an ejaculation disorder AE that has diminished ejaculation YH, MW Grade 1 ejaculation disorder AE CTCAE: E13086 an ejaculation disorder AE that has anejaculation or retrograde ejaculation YH, MW Grade 2 ejaculation disorder AE CTCAE: E13087 a genital edema AE that has mild swelling or obscuration of anatomic architecture on close inspection YH, MW Grade 1 genital edema AE CTCAE: E13112 a genital edema AE that has readily apparent obscuration of anatomic architecture; obliteration of skin folds; readily apparent deviation from normal anatomic contour YH, MW Grade 2 genital edema AE CTCAE: E13113 a genital edema AE that has lymphorrhea; gross deviation from normal anatomic contour; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 genital edema AE CTCAE: E13114 a gynecomastia AE that has asymptomatic breast enlargement YH, MW Grade 1 gynecomastia AE CTCAE: E13116 a gynecomastia AE that has symptomatic (e.g., pain or psychosocial impact) YH, MW Grade 2 gynecomastia AE CTCAE: E13117 a hematosalpinx AE that has minimal bleeding identified on imaging study or laparoscopy; intervention not indicated YH, MW Grade 1 hematosalpinx AE CTCAE: E13120 an irregular menstruation AE that has intermittent menses with skipped menses for no more than 1 to 3 months YH, MW Grade 1 irregular menstruation AE CTCAE: E13126 an irregular menstruation AE that has intermittent menses with skipped menses for more than 4 to 6 months YH, MW Grade 2 irregular menstruation AE CTCAE: E13127 an irregular menstruation AE that has persistent amenorrhea for more than 6 months YH, MW Grade 3 irregular menstruation AE CTCAE: E13128 a lactation disorder AE that has mild changes in lactation, not significantly affecting production or expression of breast milk YH, MW Grade 1 lactation disorder AE CTCAE: E13130 a lactation disorder AE that has changes in lactation, significantly affecting breast production or expression of breast milk YH, MW Grade 2 lactation disorder AE CTCAE: E13131 a nipple deformity AE that has asymptomatic; asymmetry with slight retraction and/or thickening of the nipple areolar complex YH, MW Grade 1 nipple deformity AE CTCAE: E13139 a nipple deformity AE that has symptomatic; asymmetry of nipple areolar complex with moderate retraction and/or thickening of the nipple areolar complex YH, MW Grade 2 nipple deformity AE CTCAE: E13140 an oligospermia AE requires sperm concentration >48 million/mL or motility >68% YH, MW Grade 1 oligospermia AE CTCAE: E13142 an oligospermia AE requires sperm concentration 13 - 48 million/mL or motility 32 - 68% YH, MW Grade 2 oligospermia AE CTCAE: E13143 an oligospermia AE requires sperm concentration <13 million/mL or motility <32% YH, MW Grade 3 oligospermia AE CTCAE: E13144 a testicular disorder AE that has symptomatic but not interfering with urination or sexual activities; intervention not indicated; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 testicular disorder AE CTCAE: E13217 a testicular disorder AE that has severe symptoms; interfering with urination or sexual function; limiting self care ADL; intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 testicular disorder AE CTCAE: E13218 a vaginal discharge AE that has mild vaginal discharge (greater than baseline for patient) YH, MW Grade 1 vaginal discharge AE CTCAE: E13252 a vaginal discharge AE that has moderate to heavy vaginal discharge; use of perineal pad or tampon indicated YH, MW Grade 2 vaginal discharge AE CTCAE: E13253 a bladder spasm AE that has antispasmodics indicated YH, MW Grade 2 bladder spasm AE CTCAE: E12986 a bladder spasm AE that has hospitalization indicated YH, MW Grade 3 bladder spasm AE CTCAE: E12987 a chronic kidney disease AE that requires eGFR (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate) or CrCl (creatinine clearance) <LLN - 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or proteinuria 2+ present; urine protein/creatinine >0.5 YH, MW Grade 1 chronic kidney disease AE CTCAE: E12989 a chronic kidney disease AE that requires eGFR or CrCl 59 - 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 YH, MW Grade 2 chronic kidney disease AE CTCAE: E12990 a chronic kidney disease AE that requires eGFR or CrCl 29 - 15 ml/min/1.73 m2 YH, MW Grade 3 chronic kidney disease AE CTCAE: E12991 a chronic kidney disease AE that requires eGFR or CrCl <15 ml/min/1.73 m2; dialysis or renal transplant indicated YH, MW Grade 4 chronic kidney disease AE CTCAE: E12992 a cystitis noninfective AE that has microscopic hematuria; minimal increase in frequency, urgency, dysuria, or nocturia; new onset of incontinence YH, MW Grade 1 cystitis noninfective AE CTCAE: E12995 a cystitis noninfective AE that has moderate hematuria; moderate increase in frequency, urgency, dysuria, nocturia or incontinence; urinary catheter placement or bladder irrigation indicated; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 cystitis noninfective AE CTCAE: E12996 a cystitis noninfective AE that has gross hematuria; transfusion, IV medications or hospitalization indicated; elective endoscopic, radiologic or operative intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 cystitis noninfective AE CTCAE: E12997 a proteinuria AE that requires 1+ proteinuria; urinary protein <1.0 g/24 hrs YH, MW Grade 1 proteinuria AE CTCAE: E13009 a proteinuria AE that requires YH, MW Grade 2 proteinuria AE CTCAE: E13010 a proteinuria AE that requires YH, MW Grade 3 proteinuria AE CTCAE: E13011 a renal calculi AE that has asymptomatic or mild symptoms; occasional use of nonprescription analgesics indicated YH, MW Grade 1 renal calculi AE CTCAE: E13019 a renal calculi AE that has symptomatic; oral antiemetics indicated; around the clock nonprescription analgesics or any oral narcotic analgesics indicated YH, MW Grade 2 renal calculi AE CTCAE: E13020 a renal calculi AE that has hospitalization indicated; IV intervention (e.g., analgesics, antiemetics); elective endoscopic or radiologic intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 renal calculi AE CTCAE: E13021 an urinary fistula AE that has noninvasive intervention indicated; urinary or suprapubic catheter placement indicated YH, MW Grade 2 urinary fistula AE CTCAE: E13035 an urinary fistula AE that has limiting self care ADL; elective radiologic, endoscopic or operative intervention indicated; permanent urinary diversion indicated YH, MW Grade 3 urinary fistula AE CTCAE: E13036 an urinary tract obstruction AE that has symptomatic but no hydronephrosis, sepsis or renal dysfunction; urethral dilation, urinary or suprapubic catheter indicated YH, MW Grade 2 urinary tract obstruction AE CTCAE: E13054 an urinary tract obstruction AE that has symptomatic and altered organ function (e.g., hydronephrosis, or renal dysfunction); elective radiologic, endoscopic or operative intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 urinary tract obstruction AE CTCAE: E13055 a mania AE that has mild manic symptoms (e.g., elevated mood, rapid thoughts, rapid speech, decreased need for sleep) YH, MW Grade 1 mania AE CTCAE: E12937 a mania AE that has moderate manic symptoms (e.g., relationship and work difficulties; poor hygiene) YH, MW Grade 2 mania AE CTCAE: E12938 a mania AE that has severe manic symptoms (e.g., hypomania; major sexual or financial indiscretions); hospitalization not indicated YH, MW Grade 3 mania AE CTCAE: E12939 a fetal growth retardation AE that has <10% percentile of weight for gestational age YH, MW Grade 2 fetal growth retardation AE CTCAE: E12858 a fetal growth retardation AE that has <5% percentile of weight for gestational age YH, MW Grade 3 fetal growth retardation AE CTCAE: E12859 a fetal growth retardation AE that has <1% percentile of weight for gestational age YH, MW Grade 4 fetal growth retardation AE CTCAE: E12860 a premature delivery AE that has delivery of a liveborn infant at >34 to 37 weeks gestation YH, MW Grade 1 premature delivery AE CTCAE: E12868 a premature delivery AE that has delivery of a liveborn infant at >28 to 34 weeks gestation YH, MW Grade 2 premature delivery AE CTCAE: E12869 a premature delivery AE that has delivery of a liveborn infant at 24 to 28 weeks gestation YH, MW Grade 3 premature delivery AE CTCAE: E12870 a premature delivery AE that has delivery of a liveborn infant at 24 weeks of gestation or less YH, MW Grade 4 premature delivery AE CTCAE: E12871 a spasticity AE that has mild or slight increase in muscle tone YH, MW Grade 1 spasticity AE CTCAE: E12821 a spasticity AE that has moderate increase in muscle tone and increase in resistance through range of motion YH, MW Grade 2 spasticity AE CTCAE: E12822 a spasticity AE that has severe increase in muscle tone and increase in resistance through range of motion YH, MW Grade 3 spasticity AE CTCAE: E12823 a spasticity AE that has life-threatening; unable to move active or passive range of motion YH, MW Grade 4 spasticity AE CTCAE: E12824 a treatment related secondary malignancy AE that has non life-threatening secondary malignancy YH, MW Grade 3 treatment related secondary malignancy AE CTCAE: E12562 a treatment related secondary malignancy AE that has acute life-threatening secondary malignancy; blast crisis in leukemia YH, MW Grade 4 treatment related secondary malignancy AE CTCAE: E12563 an abdominal soft tissue necrosis AE that has local wound care; medical intervention indicated (e.g., dressings or topical medications) YH, MW Grade 2 abdominal soft tissue necrosis AE CTCAE: E12370 an abdominal soft tissue necrosis AE that has operative debridement or other invasive intervention indicated (e.g. tissue reconstruction, flap or grafting) YH, MW Grade 3 abdominal soft tissue necrosis AE CTCAE: E12371 a fibrosis deep connective tissue AE that has mild induration, able to move skin parallel to plane (sliding) and perpendicular to skin (pinching up) YH, MW Grade 1 fibrosis deep connective tissue AE CTCAE: E12409 a fibrosis deep connective tissue AE that has moderate induration, able to slide skin, unable to pinch skin; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 fibrosis deep connective tissue AE CTCAE: E12410 a fibrosis deep connective tissue AE that has severe induration; unable to slide or pinch skin; limiting joint or orifice movement (e.g. mouth, anus); limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 fibrosis deep connective tissue AE CTCAE: E12411 a fibrosis deep connective tissue AE that has generalized; associated with signs or symptoms of impaired breathing or feeding YH, MW Grade 4 fibrosis deep connective tissue AE CTCAE: E12412 a growth suppression AE that has reduction in growth velocity by 10 - 29% ideally measured over the period of a year YH, MW Grade 1 growth suppression AE CTCAE: E12423 a growth suppression AE that has reduction in growth velocity by 30 - 49% ideally measured over the period of a year or 0 - 49% reduction in growth from the baseline growth curve YH, MW Grade 2 growth suppression AE CTCAE: E12424 a growth suppression AE that has reduction in growth velocity of >=50% ideally measured over the period of a year YH, MW Grade 3 growth suppression AE CTCAE: E12425 a head soft tissue necrosis AE that has local wound care; medical intervention indicated (e.g., dressings or topical medications) YH, MW Grade 2 head soft tissue necrosis AE CTCAE: E12427 a head soft tissue necrosis AE that has operative debridement or other invasive intervention indicated (e.g., tissue reconstruction, flap or grafting) YH, MW Grade 3 head soft tissue necrosis AE CTCAE: E12428 a joint range of motion decreased cervical spine AE that has mild restriction of rotation or flexion between 60 - 70 degrees YH, MW Grade 1 joint range of motion decreased cervical spine AE CTCAE: E12440 a joint range of motion decreased cervical spine AE that has rotation <60 degrees to right or left; <60 degrees of flexion YH, MW Grade 2 joint range of motion decreased cervical spine AE CTCAE: E12441 a joint range of motion decreased cervical spine AE that has ankylosed/fused over multiple segments with no C-spine rotation YH, MW Grade 3 joint range of motion decreased cervical spine AE CTCAE: E12442 a joint range of motion decreased lumbar spine AE that has stiffness; difficulty bending to the floor to pick up a very light object but able to do athletic activity YH, MW Grade 1 joint range of motion decreased lumbar spine AE CTCAE: E12444 a joint range of motion decreased lumbar spine AE that has pain with range of motion (ROM) in lumbar spine; requires a reaching aid to pick up a very light object from the floor YH, MW Grade 2 joint range of motion decreased lumbar spine AE CTCAE: E12445 a joint range of motion decreased lumbar spine AE that requires <50% lumbar spine flexion; associated with symptoms of ankylosis or fused over multiple segments with no L-spine flexion (e.g., unable to reach to floor to pick up a very light object) YH, MW Grade 3 joint range of motion decreased lumbar spine AE CTCAE: E12446 a neck soft tissue necrosis AE that has local wound care; medical intervention indicated (e.g., dressings or topical medications) YH, MW Grade 2 neck soft tissue necrosis AE CTCAE: E12498 a neck soft tissue necrosis AE that has operative debridement or other invasive intervention indicated (e.g., tissue reconstruction, flap or grafting) YH, MW Grade 3 neck soft tissue necrosis AE CTCAE: E12499 a pelvic soft tissue necrosis AE that has local wound care; medical intervention indicated (e.g., dressings or topical medications) YH, MW Grade 2 pelvic soft tissue necrosis AE CTCAE: E12517 a pelvic soft tissue necrosis AE that has operative debridement or other invasive intervention indicated (e.g., tissue reconstruction, flap or grafting) YH, MW Grade 3 pelvic soft tissue necrosis AE CTCAE: E12518 a scoliosis AE that requires <20 degrees; clinically undetectable YH, MW Grade 1 scoliosis AE CTCAE: E12522 a scoliosis AE that requires >20 - 45 degrees; visible by forward flexion; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 scoliosis AE CTCAE: E12523 a scoliosis AE that requires >45 degrees; scapular prominence in forward flexion; operative intervention indicated; limiting self care ADL; disabling YH, MW Grade 3 scoliosis AE CTCAE: E12524 a soft tissue necrosis lower limb AE that has local wound care; medical intervention indicated (e.g., dressings or topical medications) YH, MW Grade 2 soft tissue necrosis lower limb AE CTCAE: E12526 a soft tissue necrosis lower limb AE that has operative debridement or other invasive intervention indicated (e.g., tissue reconstruction, flap or grafting) YH, MW Grade 3 soft tissue necrosis lower limb AE CTCAE: E12527 a soft tissue necrosis upper limb AE that has local wound care; medical intervention indicated (e.g., dressings or topical medications) YH, MW Grade 2 soft tissue necrosis upper limb AE CTCAE: E12531 a soft tissue necrosis upper limb AE that has operative debridement or other invasive intervention indicated (e.g., tissue reconstruction, flap or grafting) YH, MW Grade 3 soft tissue necrosis upper limb AE CTCAE: E12532 a Superficial soft tissue fibrosis AE that has mild induration, able to move skin parallel to plane (sliding) and perpendicular to skin (pinching up) YH, MW Grade 1 superficial soft tissue fibrosis AE CTCAE: E12536 a Superficial soft tissue fibrosis AE that has moderate induration, able to slide skin, unable to pinch skin; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 superficial soft tissue fibrosis AE CTCAE: E12537 a Superficial soft tissue fibrosis AE that has severe induration; unable to slide or pinch skin; limiting joint or orifice movement (e.g., mouth, anus); limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 superficial soft tissue fibrosis AE CTCAE: E12538 a superficial soft tissue fibrosis AE that has generalized; associated with signs or symptoms of impaired breathing or feeding YH, MW Grade 4 superficial soft tissue fibrosis AE CTCAE: E12539 a trismus AE that has decreased ROM (range of motion) without impaired eating YH, MW Grade 1 trismus AE CTCAE: E12542 a trismus AE that has decreased ROM requiring small bites, soft foods or purees YH, MW Grade 2 trismus AE CTCAE: E12543 a trismus AE that has decreased ROM with inability to adequately aliment or hydrate orally YH, MW Grade 3 trismus AE CTCAE: E12544 An unequal limb length AE that has mild length discrepancy <2 cm YH, MW Grade 1 unequal limb length AE CTCAE: E12546 An unequal limb length AE that has moderate length discrepancy 2 - 5 cm; shoe lift indicated; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 unequal limb length AE CTCAE: E12547 An unequal limb length AE that has severe length discrepancy >5 cm; limiting self care ADL; disabling; operative intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 unequal limb length AE CTCAE: E12548 a alkalosis AE that requires pH >normal, but <=7.5 YH, MW Grade 1 alkalosis AE CTCAE: E12248 a alkalosis AE that requires pH >7.5 YH, MW Grade 3 alkalosis AE CTCAE: E12249 a glucose intolerance AE that has symptomatic; dietary modification or oral agent indicated YH, MW Grade 2 glucose intolerance AE CTCAE: E12266 a glucose intolerance AE that has severe symptoms; insulin indicated YH, MW Grade 3 glucose intolerance AE CTCAE: E12267 a hypermagnesemia AE that requires >ULN - 3.0 mg/dL; >ULN - 1.23 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 1 hypermagnesemia AE CTCAE: E12289 a hypermagnesemia AE that requires >3.0 - 8.0 mg/dL; >1.23 - 3.30 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 3 hypermagnesemia AE CTCAE: E12290 a hypermagnesemia AE that requires >8.0 mg/dL; >3.30 mmol/L; life-threatening consequences YH, MW Grade 4 hypermagnesemia AE CTCAE: E12291 a hypernatremia AE that requires >ULN - 150 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 1 hypernatremia AE CTCAE: E12294 a hypernatremia AE that requires >150 - 155 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 2 hypernatremia AE CTCAE: E12295 a hypernatremia AE that requires >155 - 160 mmol/L; hospitalization indicated YH, MW Grade 3 hypernatremia AE CTCAE: E12296 a hypernatremia AE that requires >160 mmol/L; life-threatening consequences YH, MW Grade 4 hypernatremia AE CTCAE: E12297 a hypokalemia AE that requires <LLN - 3.0 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 1 hypokalemia AE CTCAE: E12328 a hypokalemia AE that requires <LLN - 3.0 mmol/L; symptomatic; intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 2 hypokalemia AE CTCAE: E12329 a hypokalemia AE that requires <3.0 - 2.5 mmol/L; hospitalization indicated YH, MW Grade 3 hypokalemia AE CTCAE: E12330 a hypokalemia AE that requires <2.5 mmol/L; life-threatening consequences YH, MW Grade 4 hypokalemia AE CTCAE: E12331 a hyponatremia AE that requires <LLN - 130 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 1 hyponatremia AE CTCAE: E12340 a hyponatremia AE that requires <130 - 120 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 3 hyponatremia AE CTCAE: E12341 a hyponatremia AE that requires <120 mmol/L; life-threatening consequences YH, MW Grade 4 hyponatremia AE CTCAE: E12342 an obesity AE that requires BMI 25 - 29.9 kg/m2 YH, MW Grade 2 obesity AE CTCAE: E12362 an obesity AE that requires BMI 30 - 39.9 kg/m2 YH, MW Grade 3 obesity AE CTCAE: E12363 an obesity AE that requires BMI >=40 kg/m2 YH, MW Grade 4 obesity AE CTCAE: E12364 a flushing AE that has symptomatic, associated with hypotension and/or tachycardia; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 flushing AE CTCAE: E13774 a hematoma AE that requires minimally invasive evacuation or aspiration YH, MW Grade 2 hematoma AE CTCAE: E13777 a hematoma AE that requires transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention YH, MW Grade 3 hematoma AE CTCAE: E13778 an hypertension AE that has prehypertension (systolic BP 120 - 139 mm Hg or diastolic BP 80 - 89 mm Hg) YH, MW Grade 1 hypertension AE CTCAE: E13786 an hypertension AE that for Adult: has stage 1 hypertension (systolic BP 140 - 159 mm Hg or diastolic BP 90 - 99 mm Hg); medical intervention indicated; recurrent or persistent (>=24 hrs); symptomatic increase by >20 mm Hg (diastolic) or to >140/90 mm Hg if previously WNL; monotherapy indicated; for Pediatric: recurrent or persistent (>=24 hrs) BP >ULN; monotherapy indicated. YH, MW Grade 2 hypertension AE CTCAE: E13787 an hypertension AE that for Adult has Stage 2 hypertension (systolic BP >=160 mm Hg or diastolic BP >=100 mm Hg); medical intervention indicated; more than one drug or more intensive therapy than previously used indicated; for Pediatric: Same as adult. YH, MW Grade 3 hypertension AE CTCAE: E13788 an hypertension AE that for Adult has life-threatening consequences (e.g., malignant hypertension, transient or permanent neurologic deficit, hypertensive crisis); urgent intervention indicated; for Pediatric: Same as adult YH, MW Grade 4 hypertension AE CTCAE: E13789 a peripheral ischaemia AE that has brief (<24 hrs) episode of ischemia managed non-surgically and without permanent deficit YH, MW Grade 2 peripheral ischemia AE CTCAE: E13811 a peripheral ischaemia AE that has a recurring or prolonged (>=24 hrs) and/or invasive intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 peripheral ischemia AE CTCAE: E13812 a vasculitis AE that shows severe symptoms, medical intervention indicated (e.g., steroids) YH, MW Grade 3 vasculitis AE CTCAE: E13840 a vasculitis AE that shows threatening; evidence of peripheral or visceral ischemia; urgent intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 4 vasculitis AE CTCAE: E13841 an alopecia AE that has hair loss of <50% of normal for that individual that is not obvious from a distance but only on close inspection; a different hair style may be required to cover the hair loss but it does not require a wig or hair piece to camouflage YH, MW Grade 1 alopecia AE CTCAE: E13612 an alopecia AE that has hair loss of >=50% normal for that individual that is readily apparent to others; a wig or hair piece is necessary if the patient desires to completely camouflage the hair loss; associated with psychosocial impact YH, MW Grade 2 alopecia AE CTCAE: E13613 a dry skin AE that is coverying <10% BSA and no associated erythema or pruritus YH, MW Grade 1 dry skin AE CTCAE: E13624 a dry skin AE that is coverying 10 - 30% BSA and associated with erythema or pruritus; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 dry skin AE CTCAE: E13625 a dry skin AE that is coverying >30% BSA and associated with pruritus; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 dry skin AE CTCAE: E13626 an erythema multiforme AE that has target lesions covering <10% BSA and not associated with skin tenderness YH, MW Grade 1 erythema multiforme AE CTCAE: E13628 an erythema multiforme AE that has target lesions covering 10 - 30% BSA and associated with skin tenderness YH, MW Grade 2 erythema multiforme AE CTCAE: E13629 an erythema multiforme AE that has target lesions covering >30% BSA and associated with oral or genital erosions YH, MW Grade 3 erythema multiforme AE CTCAE: E13630 an erythema multiforme AE that has target lesions covering >30% BSA; associated with fluid or electrolyte abnormalities; ICU care or burn unit indicated YH, MW Grade 4 erythema multiforme AE CTCAE: E13631 a hyperhidros AE that shows limited to one site (palms, soles, or axillae); self care interventions YH, MW Grade 1 hyperhidrosis AE CTCAE: E13646 a hyperhidros AE that has Involving >1 site; patient seeks medical intervention; associated with psychosocial impact YH, MW Grade 2 hyperhidrosis AE CTCAE: E13647 a hyperhidros AE that has Generalized involving sites other than palms, soles, or axillae; associated with electrolyte/hemodynamic imbalance YH, MW Grade 3 hyperhidrosis AE CTCAE: E13648 a palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome AE that has minimal skin changes or dermatitis (e.g., erythema, edema, or hyperkeratosis) without pain YH, MW Grade 1 palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome AE CTCAE: E13673 a palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome AE that has skin changes (e.g., peeling, blisters, bleeding, edema, or hyperkeratosis) with pain; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome AE CTCAE: E13674 a palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome AE that has severe skin changes (e.g., peeling, blisters, bleeding, edema, or hyperkeratosis) with pain; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome AE CTCAE: E13675 a periorbital edema AE that has soft or non-pitting YH, MW Grade 1 periorbital edema AE CTCAE: E13677 a periorbital edema AE that has indurated or pitting edema; topical intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 2 periorbital edema AE CTCAE: E13678 a periorbital edema AE that has edema associated with visual disturbance; increased intraocular pressure, glaucoma or retinal hemorrhage; optic neuritis; diuretics indicated; operative intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 periorbital edema AE CTCAE: E13679 a photosensitivity reaction AE that has painless erythema and erythema covering <10% BSA YH, MW Grade 1 photosensitivity AE CTCAE: E13681 a photosensitivity reaction AE that has tender erythema covering 10 - 30% BSA YH, MW Grade 2 photosensitivity AE CTCAE: E13682 a photosensitivity reaction AE that has erythema covering >30% BSA and erythema with blistering; photosensitivity; oral corticosteroid therapy indicated; pain control indicated (e.g., narcotics or NSAIDs) YH, MW Grade 3 photosensitivity AE CTCAE: E13683 a pruritus AE that has mild or localized; topical intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 1 pruritus AE CTCAE: E13687 a pruritus AE that has intense or widespread; intermittent; skin changes from scratching (e.g., edema, papulation, excoriations, lichenification, oozing/crusts); oral intervention indicated; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 pruritus AE CTCAE: E13688 a pruritus AE that has intense or widespread; constant; limiting self care ADL or sleep; oral corticosteroid or immunosuppressive therapy indicated YH, MW Grade 3 pruritus AE CTCAE: E13689 a purpura AE that has combined area of lesions covering <10% BSA YH, MW Grade 1 purpura AE CTCAE: E13691 a purpura AE that has combined area of lesions covering 10 - 30% BSA; bleeding with trauma YH, MW Grade 2 purpura AE CTCAE: E13692 a purpura AE that has combined area of lesions covering >30% BSA; spontaneous bleeding YH, MW Grade 3 purpura AE CTCAE: E13693 a skin atrophy AE that has covering <10% BSA; associated with telangiectasias or changes in skin color YH, MW Grade 1 skin atrophy AE CTCAE: E13715 a skin atrophy AE that has covering 10 - 30% BSA; associated with striae or adnexal structure loss YH, MW Grade 2 skin atrophy AE CTCAE: E13716 a skin atrophy AE that has covering >30% BSA; associated with ulceration YH, MW Grade 3 skin atrophy AE CTCAE: E13717 a skin hyperpigmentation AE that has hyperpigmentation covering <10% BSA; no psychosocial impact YH, MW Grade 1 skin hyperpigmentation AE CTCAE: E13719 a skin hyperpigmentation AE that has hyperpigmentation covering >10% BSA; associated psychosocial impact YH, MW Grade 2 skin hyperpigmentation AE CTCAE: E13720 a skin hypopigmentation AE that has hypopigmentation or depigmentation covering <10% BSA; no psychosocial impact YH, MW Grade 1 skin hypopigmentation AE CTCAE: E13722 a skin hypopigmentation AE that has hypopigmentation or depigmentation covering >10% BSA; associated psychosocial impact YH, MW Grade 2 skin hypopigmentation AE CTCAE: E13723 a stevens-johnson syndrome AE that has skin sloughing covering <10% BSA with associated signs (e.g., erythema, purpura, epidermal detachment and mucous membrane detachment) YH, MW Grade 3 stevens-Johnson syndrome AE CTCAE: E13737 a stevens-johnson syndrome AE that has skin sloughing covering 10 - 30% BSA with associated signs (e.g., erythema, purpura, epidermal detachment and mucous membrane detachment) YH, MW Grade 4 stevens-Johnson syndrome AE CTCAE: E13738 a telangiectasia AE that has telangiectasias covering <10% BSA YH, MW Grade 1 telangiectasia AE CTCAE: E13741 a telangiectasia AE that has telangiectasias covering >10% BSA; associated with psychosocial impact YH, MW Grade 2 telangiectasia AE CTCAE: E13742 a toxic epidermal necrolysis AE that has skin sloughing covering >=30% BSA with associated symptoms (e.g., erythema, purpura, or epidermal detachment) YH, MW Grade 4 toxic epidermal necrolysis AE CTCAE: E13744 an urticaria AE that has urticarial lesions covering <10% BSA; topical intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 1 urticaria AE CTCAE: E13747 an urticaria AE that has urticarial lesions covering 10 - 30% BSA; oral intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 2 urticaria AE CTCAE: E13748 an urticaria AE that has urticariallesions covering >30% BSA; IV intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 urticaria AE CTCAE: E13749 an aspiration AE that has altered eating habits; coughing or choking episodes after eating or swallowing; medical intervention indicated (e.g., suction or oxygen) YH, MW Grade 2 aspiration AE CTCAE: E13312 an aspiration AE that has dyspnea and pneumonia symptoms (e.g., aspiration pneumonia); hospitalization indicated; unable to aliment orally YH, MW Grade 3 aspiration AE CTCAE: E13313 an atelectasis AE that has symptomatic (e.g., dyspnea, cough); medical intervention indicated (e.g., chest physiotherapy, suctioning); bronchoscopic suctioning YH, MW Grade 2 atelectasis AE CTCAE: E13318 an atelectasis AE that has oxygen indicated; hospitalization or elective operative intervention indicated (e.g., stent, laser) YH, MW Grade 3 atelectasis AE CTCAE: E13319 a chylothorax AE that has symptomatic; thoracentesis or tube drainage indicated YH, MW Grade 2 chylothorax AE CTCAE: E13360 a chylothorax AE that has severe symptoms; elective operative intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 chylothorax AE CTCAE: E13361 an epistaxis AE that has moderate symptoms; medical intervention indicated (e.g., nasal packing, cauterization; topical vasoconstrictors) YH, MW Grade 2 epistaxis AE CTCAE: E13376 a Hiccups AE that has interfering with sleep; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 hiccups AE CTCAE: E13383 a hoarseness AE that has mild or intermittent voice change; fully understandable; self-resolves YH, MW Grade 1 hoarseness AE CTCAE: E13385 a hoarseness AE that has Moderate or persistent voice changes; may require occasional repetition but understandable on telephone; medical evaluation indicated YH, MW Grade 2 hoarseness AE CTCAE: E13386 a hoarseness AE that has severe voice changes including predominantly whispered speech YH, MW Grade 3 hoarseness AE CTCAE: E13387 a hypoxia AE that has decreased oxygen saturation with exercise (e.g., pulse oximeter <88%); intermittent supplemental oxygen YH, MW Grade 2 hypoxia AE CTCAE: E13389 a hypoxia AE that has decreased oxygen saturation at rest (e.g., pulse oximeter <88% or PaO2 <=55 mm Hg) YH, MW Grade 3 hypoxia AE CTCAE: E13390 a hypoxia AE that has life-threatening airway compromise; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., tracheotomy or intubation) YH, MW Grade 4 hypoxia AE CTCAE: E13391 a laryngeal edema AE that has stridor; respiratory distress; hospitalization indicated YH, MW Grade 3 laryngeal edema AE CTCAE: E13396 a laryngeal edema AE that has life-threatening airway compromise; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., tracheotomy or intubation) YH, MW Grade 4 laryngeal edema AE CTCAE: E13397 a pleural effusion AE that has symptomatic; intervention indicated (e.g., diuretics or limited therapeutic thoracentesis) YH, MW Grade 2 pleural effusion AE CTCAE: E13488 a pleural effusion AE that has symptomatic with respiratory distress and hypoxia; surgical intervention including chest tube or pleurodesis indicated YH, MW Grade 3 pleural effusion AE CTCAE: E13489 a pleural hemorrhage AE that has asymptomatic; mild hemorrhage confirmed by thoracentesis YH, MW Grade 1 pleural hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13493 a pleural hemorrhage AE that has symptomatic or associated with pneumothorax; chest tube drainage indicated YH, MW Grade 2 pleural hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13494 a pleural hemorrhage AE that has >1000 ml of blood evacuated; persistent bleeding (150-200 ml/hr for 2 - 4 hr); persistent transfusion indicated; elective operative intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 pleural hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E13495 a pneumonitis AE that has severe symptoms; limiting self care ADL; oxygen indicated YH, MW Grade 3 pneumonitis AE CTCAE: E13505 a pneumonitis AE that has life-threatening respiratory compromise; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., tracheotomy or intubation) YH, MW Grade 4 pneumonitis AE CTCAE: E13506 a pneumothorax AE that has symptomatic; intervention indicated (e.g., tube placement without sclerosis) YH, MW Grade 2 pneumothorax AE CTCAE: E13510 a pneumothorax AE that has sclerosis and/or operative intervention indicated; hospitalization indicated YH, MW Grade 3 pneumothorax AE CTCAE: E13511 a productive cough AE that has occasional/minimal production of sputum with cough YH, MW Grade 1 productive cough AE CTCAE: E13518 a productive cough AE that has moderate sputum production; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 productive cough AE CTCAE: E13519 a productive cough AE that has persistent or copious production of sputum; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 productive cough AE CTCAE: E13520 a pulmonary edema AE that has radiologic findings only; minimal dyspnea on exertion YH, MW Grade 1 pulmonary edema AE CTCAE: E13522 a pulmonary edema AE that has moderate dyspnea on exertion; medical intervention indicated; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 pulmonary edema AE CTCAE: E13523 a pulmonary edema AE that has severe dyspnea or dyspnea at rest; oxygen indicated; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 pulmonary edema AE CTCAE: E13524 a pulmonary edema AE that has life-threatening respiratory compromise; urgent intervention or intubation with ventilatory support indicated YH, MW Grade 4 pulmonary edema AE CTCAE: E13525 a pulmonary fibrosis AE that has mild hypoxemia; radiologic pulmonary fibrosis <25% of lung volume YH, MW Grade 1 pulmonary fibrosis AE CTCAE: E13528 a pulmonary fibrosis AE that has moderate hypoxemia; evidence of pulmonary hypertension; radiographic pulmonary fibrosis 25 - 50% YH, MW Grade 2 pulmonary fibrosis AE CTCAE: E13529 a pulmonary fibrosis AE that has severe hypoxemia; evidence of right-sided heart failure; radiographic pulmonary fibrosis >50 - 75% YH, MW Grade 3 pulmonary fibrosis AE CTCAE: E13530 a pulmonary fibrosis AE that has life-threatening consequences (e.g., hemodynamic/pulmonary complications); intubation with ventilatory support indicated; radiographic pulmonary fibrosis >75% with severe honeycombing YH, MW Grade 4 pulmonary fibrosis AE CTCAE: E13531 a pulmonary hypertension AE that has minimal dyspnea; findings on physical exam or other evaluation YH, MW Grade 1 pulmonary hypertension AE CTCAE: E13540 a pulmonary hypertension AE that has moderate dyspnea, cough; requiring evaluation by cardiac catheterization and medical intervention YH, MW Grade 2 pulmonary hypertension AE CTCAE: E13541 a pulmonary hypertension AE that has severe symptoms, associated with hypoxemia, right heart failure; oxygen indicated YH, MW Grade 3 pulmonary hypertension AE CTCAE: E13542 a pulmonary hypertension AE that has life-threatening airway consequences; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., tracheotomy or intubation) YH, MW Grade 4 pulmonary hypertension AE CTCAE: E13543 a sinus disorder AE that has asymptomatic mucosal crusting; blood-tinged secretions YH, MW Grade 1 sinus disorder AE CTCAE: E13561 a sinus disorder AE that has symptomatic stenosis or edema/narrowing interfering with airflow; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 sinus disorder AE CTCAE: E13562 a sinus disorder AE that has stenosis with significant nasal obstruction; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 sinus disorder AE CTCAE: E13563 a sinus disorder AE that has necrosis of soft tissue or bone; urgent operative intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 4 sinus disorder AE CTCAE: E13564 a sore throat AE that has Severe pain; limiting self care ADL; limiting ability to swallow YH, MW Grade 3 sore throat AE CTCAE: E13578 a stridor AE that has respiratory distress limiting self care ADL; medical intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 3 stridor AE CTCAE: E13580 a stridor AE that has life-threatening airway compromise; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., tracheotomy or intubation) YH, MW Grade 4 stridor AE CTCAE: E13581 a voice alteration AE that has mild or intermittent change from normal voice YH, MW Grade 1 voice alteration AE CTCAE: E13602 a voice alteration AE that has moderate or persistent change from normal voice; still understandable YH, MW Grade 2 voice alteration AE CTCAE: E13603 a voice alteration AE that has severe voice changes including predominantly whispered speech; may require frequent repetition or face-to-face contact for understandability; may require assistive technology YH, MW Grade 3 voice alteration AE CTCAE: E13604 a wheezing AE that has detectable airway noise with minimal symptoms YH, MW Grade 1 wheezing AE CTCAE: E13606 a wheezing AE that has severe respiratory symptoms limiting self care ADL; oxygen therapy or hospitalization indicated YH, MW Grade 3 wheezing AE CTCAE: E13608 a menorrhagia AE that has moderate symptoms; medical intervention indicated (e.g., hormones) YH, MW Grade 2 menorrhagia AE CTCAE: E13134 a menorrhagia AE that has severe; transfusion indicated; surgical intervention indicated (e.g., hysterectomy) YH, MW Grade 3 menorrhagia AE CTCAE: E13135 an acute kidney injury AE that has creatinine level increase of >0.3 mg/dL; creatinine 1.5 - 2.0 x above baseline YH, MW Grade 1 acute kidney injury AE CTCAE: E12974 an acute kidney injury AE that has creatinine 2 - 3 x above baseline YH, MW Grade 2 acute kidney injury AE CTCAE: E12975 an acute kidney injury AE that has creatinine >3 x baseline or >4.0 mg/dL; hospitalization indicated YH, MW Grade 3 acute kidney injury AE CTCAE: E12976 a hematuria AE that has symptomatic; urinary catheter or bladder irrigation indicated; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 hematuria AE CTCAE: E13002 a hematuria AE that has gross hematuria; transfusion, IV medications or hospitalization indicated; elective endoscopic, radiologic or operative intervention indicated; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 hematuria AE CTCAE: E13003 an urinary incontinence AE that has occasional (e.g., with coughing, sneezing, etc.), pads not indicated YH, MW Grade 1 urinary incontinence AE CTCAE: E13043 an urinary incontinence AE that has spontaneous; pads indicated; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 urinary incontinence AE CTCAE: E13044 an urinary incontinence AE that has Intervention indicated (e.g., clamp, collagen injections); operative intervention indicated; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 urinary incontinence AE CTCAE: E13045 an urinary retention AE that has urinary, suprapubic or intermittent catheter placement not indicated; able to void with some residual YH, MW Grade 1 urinary retention AE CTCAE: E13047 an urinary retention AE that has placement of urinary, suprapubic or intermittent catheter placement indicated; medication indicated YH, MW Grade 2 urinary retention AE CTCAE: E13048 an urinary retention AE that has elective operative or radiologic intervention indicated; substantial loss of affected kidney function or mass YH, MW Grade 3 urinary retention AE CTCAE: E13049 a suicidal ideation AE that has increased thoughts of death but no wish to kill oneself YH, MW Grade 1 suicidal ideation AE CTCAE: E12965 a suicidal ideation AE that has suicidal ideation with no specific plan or intent YH, MW Grade 2 suicidal ideation AE CTCAE: E12966 a suicidal ideation AE that has specific plan to commit suicide without serious intent to die which may not require hospitalization YH, MW Grade 3 suicidal ideation AE CTCAE: E12967 a suicidal ideation AE that has specific plan to commit suicide with serious intent to die which requires hospitalization YH, MW Grade 4 suicidal ideation AE CTCAE: E12968 a suicide attempt AE that has suicide attempt or gesture without intent to die which may not require hospitalization YH, MW Grade 3 suicide attempt AE CTCAE: E12970 a suicide attempt AE that has suicide attempt with intent to die which requires hospitalization YH, MW Grade 4 suicide attempt AE CTCAE: E12971 an aphonia AE that has voicelessness; unable to speak YH, MW Grade 3 aphonia AE CTCAE: E12590 a depressed level of consciousness AE that has decreased level of alertness YH, MW Grade 1 depressed level of consciousness AE CTCAE: E12626 a depressed level of consciousness AE that has Sedation; slow response to stimuli; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 depressed level of consciousness AE CTCAE: E12627 a depressed level of consciousness AE that is difficult to arouse YH, MW Grade 3 depressed level of consciousness AE CTCAE: E12628 a dysgenusia AE that has altered taste but no change in diet YH, MW Grade 1 dysgeusia AE CTCAE: E12644 a dysgenusia AE that has altered taste with change in diet (e.g., oral supplements); noxious or unpleasant taste; loss of taste YH, MW Grade 2 dysgeusia AE CTCAE: E12645 a leukoencephalopathy AE that has asymptomatic; small focal T2/FLAIR hyperintensities; involving periventricular white matter or <1/3 of susceptible areas of cerebrum +/- mild increase in subarachnoid space (SAS) and/or mild ventriculomegaly YH, MW Grade 1 leukoencephalopathy AE CTCAE: E12713 a leukoencephalopathy AE that has moderate symptoms; focal T2/FLAIR hyperintensities, involving periventricular white matter extending into centrum semiovale or involving 1/3 to 2/3 of susceptible areas of cerebrum +/- moderate increase in SAS and/or moderate ventriculomegaly YH, MW Grade 2 leukoencephalopathy AE CTCAE: E12714 a leukoencephalopathy AE that has severe symptoms; extensive T2/FLAIR hyperintensities, involving periventricular white matter involving 2/3 or more of susceptible areas of cerebrum +/- moderate to severe increase in SAS and/or moderate to severe ventriculomegaly YH, MW Grade 3 leukoencephalopathy AE CTCAE: E12715 a leukoencephalopathy AE that has life-threatening consequences; extensive T2/FLAIR hyperintensities, involving periventricular white matter involving most of susceptible areas of cerebrum +/- moderate to severe increase in SAS and/or moderate to severe ventriculomegaly YH, MW Grade 4 leukoencephalopathy AE CTCAE: E12716 a myelitis AE that has asymptomatic; mild signs (e.g., Babinski's reflex or Lhermitte's sign) YH, MW Grade 1 myelitis AE CTCAE: E12733 a myelitis AE that has moderate weakness or sensory loss; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 myelitis AE CTCAE: E12734 a myelitis AE that has severe weakness or sensory loss; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 myelitis AE CTCAE: E12735 a presyncope AE that has present (e.g., near fainting) YH, MW Grade 2 presyncope AE CTCAE: E12779 a seizure AE that has brief partial seizure; no loss of consciousness YH, MW Grade 1 seizure AE CTCAE: E12805 a seizure AE that has brief generalized seizure YH, MW Grade 2 seizure AE CTCAE: E12806 a seizure AE that has multiple seizures despite medical intervention YH, MW Grade 3 seizure AE CTCAE: E12807 a seizure AE that has life-threatening; prolonged repetitive seizures YH, MW Grade 4 seizure AE CTCAE: E12808 a somnolence AE that has mild but more than usual drowsiness or sleepiness YH, MW Grade 1 somnolence AE CTCAE: E12815 a somnolence AE that has moderate sedation; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 somnolence AE CTCAE: E12816 a somnolence AE that has obtundation or stupor YH, MW Grade 3 somnolence AE CTCAE: E12817 a syncope AE that has fainting; orthostatic collapse YH, MW Grade 3 syncope AE CTCAE: E12833 an arthritis AE that has mild pain with inflammation, erythema, or joint swelling YH, MW Grade 1 arthritis AE CTCAE: E12379 an arthritis AE that has moderate pain associated with signs of inflammation, erythema, or joint swelling; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 arthritis AE CTCAE: E12380 an arthritis AE that has severe pain associated with signs of inflammation, erythema, or joint swelling; irreversible joint damage; disabling; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 arthritis AE CTCAE: E12381 a joint range of motion decreased AE that requires <=25% loss of ROM (range of motion); decreased ROM limiting athletic activity YH, MW Grade 1 joint range of motion decreased AE CTCAE: E12436 a joint range of motion decreased AE that requires >25 - 50% decrease in ROM; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 joint range of motion decreased AE CTCAE: E12437 a joint range of motion decreased AE that requires >50% decrease in ROM; limiting self care ADL; disabling YH, MW Grade 3 joint range of motion decreased AE CTCAE: E12438 an osteoporosis AE that has radiologic evidence of osteoporosis or Bone Mineral Density (BMD) t-score -1 to -2.5 (osteopenia); no loss of height or intervention indicated YH, MW Grade 1 osteoporosis AE CTCAE: E12509 an osteoporosis AE that has BMD t-score <-2.5; loss of height <2 cm; anti-osteoporotic therapy indicated; limiting instrumental ADL YH, MW Grade 2 osteoporosis AE CTCAE: E12510 an osteoporosis AE that has loss of height >=2 cm; hospitalization indicated; limiting self care ADL YH, MW Grade 3 osteoporosis AE CTCAE: E12511 an acidosis AE that has pH <normal, but >=7.3 YH, MW Grade 1 acidosis AE CTCAE: E12238 an acidosis AE that has pH <7.3 YH, MW Grade 3 acidosis AE CTCAE: E12239 an anorexia AE that has loss of appetite without alteration in eating habits YH, MW Grade 1 anorexia AE CTCAE: E12253 an anorexia AE that has oral intake altered without significant weight loss or malnutrition; oral nutritional supplements indicated YH, MW Grade 2 anorexia AE CTCAE: E12254 an anorexia AE that has associated with significant weight loss or malnutrition (e.g., inadequate oral caloric and/or fluid intake); tube feeding or TPN indicated YH, MW Grade 3 anorexia AE CTCAE: E12255 a dehydration AE that has increased oral fluids indicated; dry mucous membranes; diminished skin turgor YH, MW Grade 1 dehydration AE CTCAE: E12259 a dehydration AE that requires IIV fluids indicated <24 hrs YH, MW Grade 2 dehydration AE CTCAE: E12260 a hypercalcemia AE that has corrected serum calcium of >ULN - 11.5 mg/dL; >ULN - 2.9 mmol/L; Ionized calcium >ULN - 1.5 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 1 hypercalcemia AE CTCAE: E12271 a hypercalcemia AE that has corrected serum calcium of >11.5 - 12.5 mg/dL; >2.9 - 3.1 mmol/L; Ionized calcium >1.5 - 1.6 mmol/L; symptomatic YH, MW Grade 2 hypercalcemia AE CTCAE: E12272 a hypercalcemia AE that has corrected serum calcium of >12.5 - 13.5 mg/dL; >3.1 - 3.4 mmol/L; Ionized calcium >1.6 - 1.8 mmol/L; hospitalization indicated YH, MW Grade 3 hypercalcemia AE CTCAE: E12273 a hypercalcemia AE that has corrected serum calcium of >13.5 mg/dL; >3.4 mmol/L; Ionized calcium >1.8 mmol/L; life-threatening consequences YH, MW Grade 4 hypercalcemia AE CTCAE: E12274 a hypeglycemia AE that has fasting glucose value >ULN - 160 mg/dL; Fasting glucose value >ULN - 8.9 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 1 hyperglycemia AE CTCAE: E12277 a hypeglycemia AE that has fasting glucose value >160 - 250 mg/dL; Fasting glucose value >8.9 - 13.9 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 2 hyperglycemia AE CTCAE: E12278 a hypeglycemia AE that has >250 - 500 mg/dL; >13.9 - 27.8 mmol/L; hospitalization indicated YH, MW Grade 3 hyperglycemia AE CTCAE: E12279 a hypeglycemia AE that has >500 mg/dL; >27.8 mmol/L; life-threatening consequences YH, MW Grade 4 hyperglycemia AE CTCAE: E12280 a hyperkalemia AE that requires >ULN - 5.5 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 1 hyperkalemia AE CTCAE: E12283 a hyperkalemia AE that requires >5.5 - 6.0 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 2 hyperkalemia AE CTCAE: E12284 a hyperkalemia AE that requires >6.0 - 7.0 mmol/L; hospitalization indicated YH, MW Grade 3 hyperkalemia AE CTCAE: E12285 a hyperkalemia AE that requires >7.0 mmol/L; life-threatening consequences YH, MW Grade 4 hyperkalemia AE CTCAE: E12286 a hypertriglyceridemia AE that requires 150 mg/dL - 300 mg/dL; 1.71 mmol/L - 3.42 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 1 hypertriglyceridemia AE CTCAE: E12300 a hypertriglyceridemia AE that requires >300 mg/dL - 500 mg/dL; >3.42 mmol/L - 5.7 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 2 hypertriglyceridemia AE CTCAE: E12301 a hypertriglyceridemia AE that requires >500 mg/dL - 1000 mg/dL; >5.7 mmol/L - 11.4 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 3 hypertriglyceridemia AE CTCAE: E12302 a hypertriglyceridemia AE that requires >1000 mg/dL; >11.4 mmol/L; life-threatening consequences YH, MW Grade 4 hypertriglyceridemia AE CTCAE: E12303 a hyperuricemia AE that requires >ULN - 10 mg/dL (0.59 mmol/L) without physiologic consequences YH, MW Grade 1 hyperuricemia AE CTCAE: E12306 a hyperuricemia AE that requires >ULN - 10 mg/dL (0.59 mmol/L) with physiologic consequences YH, MW Grade 3 hyperuricemia AE CTCAE: E12307 a hyperuricemia AE that requires >10 mg/dL; >0.59 mmol/L; life-threatening consequences YH, MW Grade 4 hyperuricemia AE CTCAE: E12308 a hypoalbuminemia AE that requires NCI<LLN - 3 g/dL; <LLN - 30 g/L YH, MW Grade 1 hypoalbuminemia AE CTCAE: E12311 a hypoalbuminemia AE that requires NCI<3 - 2 g/dL; <30 - 20 g/L YH, MW Grade 2 hypoalbuminemia AE CTCAE: E12312 a hypoalbuminemia AE that requires NCI<2 g/dL; <20 g/L YH, MW Grade 3 hypoalbuminemia AE CTCAE: E12313 a hypocalcemia AE that requires corrected serum calcium of <LLN - 8.0 mg/dL; <LLN - 2.0 mmol/L; Ionized calcium <LLN - 1.0 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 1 hypocalcemia AE CTCAE: E12317 a hypocalcemia AE that requires corrected serum calcium of <8.0 - 7.0 mg/dL; <2.0 - 1.75 mmol/L; Ionized calcium <1.0 - 0.9 mmol/L; symptomatic YH, MW Grade 2 hypocalcemia AE CTCAE: E12318 a hypocalcemia AE that requires corrected serum calcium of <7.0 - 6.0 mg/dL; <1.75 - 1.5 mmol/L; Ionized calcium <0.9 - 0.8 mmol/L; hospitalization indicated YH, MW Grade 3 hypocalcemia AE CTCAE: E12319 a hypocalcemia AE that requires corrected serum calcium of <6.0 mg/dL; <1.5 mmol/L; Ionized calcium <0.8 mmol/L; life-threatening consequences YH, MW Grade 4 hypocalcemia AE CTCAE: E12320 a hypoglycernia AE that requires <LLN - 55 mg/dL; <LLN - 3.0 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 1 hypoglycemia AE CTCAE: E12323 a hypoglycernia AE that requires <55 - 40 mg/dL; <3.0 - 2.2 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 2 hypoglycemia AE CTCAE: E13874 a hypoglycernia AE that requires <40 - 30 mg/dL; <2.2 - 1.7 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 3 hypoglycemia AE CTCAE: E12324 a hypoglycernia AE that requires <30 mg/dL; <1.7 mmol/L; life-threatening consequences; seizures YH, MW Grade 4 hypoglycemia AE CTCAE: E12325 a hypomagnesemia AE that requires <LLN - 1.2 mg/dL; <LLN - 0.5 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 1 hypomagnesemia AE CTCAE: E12334 a hypomagnesemia AE that requires <1.2 - 0.9 mg/dL; <0.5 - 0.4 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 2 hypomagnesemia AE CTCAE: E12335 a hypomagnesemia AE that requires <0.9 - 0.7 mg/dL; <0.4 - 0.3 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 3 hypomagnesemia AE CTCAE: E12336 a hypomagnesemia AE that requires <0.7 mg/dL; <0.3 mmol/L; life-threatening consequences YH, MW Grade 4 hypomagnesemia AE CTCAE: E12337 a hypophosphatemia AE that requires <LLN - 2.5 mg/dL; <LLN - 0.8 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 1 hypophosphatemia AE CTCAE: E12345 a hypophosphatemia AE that requires <2.5 - 2.0 mg/dL; <0.8 - 0.6 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 2 hypophosphatemia AE CTCAE: E12346 a hypophosphatemia AE that requires <2.0 - 1.0 mg/dL; <0.6 - 0.3 mmol/L YH, MW Grade 3 hypophosphatemia AE CTCAE: E12347 a hypophosphatemia AE that requires <1.0 mg/dL; <0.3 mmol/L; life-threatening consequences YH, MW Grade 4 hypophosphatemia AE CTCAE: E12348 YH, JX a behavioral quality where the behavior in an organism is abnormal. WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abnormality_(behavior) behavior abnormal quality a cough AE that shows an increased rate of coughing YH, JX WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cough 10011228 cough increased AE a viral infection AE that is caused by a herpes virus. Note that there are 8 herpesvirus types. YH, JX WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpesviridae 10019972 herpes viral infection AE a herpez zoster AE that occurs in children. YH, JX WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varicella_zoster_virus chickenpox AE a nervous system AE that shows abnormal neurologic reflexes, which can be tesetd by the knee jerk reaction. JX, YH WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=20423 10038254 abnormal reflex AE an abnormal reflex AE where the patient has a condition of below normal or absent reflexes (areflexia). Hyporeflexia is the condition of below normal or absent reflexes. Hyporeflexia is generally associated with a lower motor neuron deficit (at the alpha motor neurons from the spinal cord to muscle). SS, JX, YH reflexes decreased AE WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyporeflexia WEB: http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=20423 10021089 hyporeflexia AE HPO: HP_0009072 SIDER: C0151888 an abnormal reflex AE that has an outcome of overactive reflexes, indicative of upper motor neuron disease as well as lessening or loss of control ordinarily exerted by higher brain centers of lower neural pathways. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperreflexia 10020745 hyperreflexia AE HPO: HP_0001347 SIDER: C0151889 a cardiac arrest AE where there is no discernible electrical activity on the ECG monitor. YH, MW asystole WEB: http://www.cardiachealth.org/asystole-and-pulseless-electrical-activity 10003586 Asystole is the absence of electrical activity in the heart, as evidenced by a flat line on an EKG. Cardiac arrest is a more general term for conditions where the heart is not circulating blood. Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) or pulseless Ventricular tachycardia (V-tach) are examples of EKG rhythms which also will produce cardiac arrest, but are not asystole. Pulseless electrical activity (PEA) is another catch-all where there is an otherwise survivable EKG, but no blood is circulating. This can be caused by trauma to the heart, or tremendous blood loss, among other reasons. See: https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081027100243AAy0yt4 asystole AE CTCAE: E10077 NCit:C50479 an eye inflammation AE that occurs at the corneal area. MW, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/keratitis/basics/definition/con-20035288 10023332 keratitis AE CTCAE: E10397 NCIT: C26805 an infection AE where one or two eyes get infected by bacteria, fungi, or viruses. MW, YH WEB: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/eyeinfections.html 10015929 eye infection AE CTCAE: E11391 NCIT: C45372 an inflammation AE that shows inflammation at the location of appendix. MW, YH 10003011 appendicitis AE CTCAE: E11292 NCIt: C35145 an electrocardiogram QT prolonged AE that estimates the QT interval at a heart rate of 60 bpm. MW, YH WEB: http://lifeinthefastlane.com/ecg-library/basics/qt_interval/ 10014383 electrocardiogram QT corrected interval prolonged AE CTCAE: E12146 NCIt: C71034 UMLS: C0855333 a cross product of coordination abnormal AE and balance disorder AE YH, QL coordination and balance disturbance AE 10072984 coordination and balance disorder AE an anorexia AE that has loss of appetite of greasy food. QL, YH WEB: http://www.anxietycare.org.uk/docs/eating.asp aversion to greasy food AE a coordination and balance disorder AE that has difficulty in standing YH, QL dystasia AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dysstasia 10050218 dysstasia AE a skin AE that has an outcome of injury to the skin and underlying tissues from exposure to a large external dose of radiation MW, YH WEB: http://www.dermnetnz.org/reactions/radiation-dermatitis.html 10061103 dermatitis radiation AE CTCAE: E11675 NCIt: C0034561 a gastric disorder AE that shows an rupture in the stomach QL, YH stomach rupture WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gastrorrhexis gastrorrhexis AE an injury AE that refers to break or burst suddenly (esp. of a pipe, a vessel, or a bodily part such as an organ or membrane) YH. QL WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rupture rupture AE a radiation skin injury AE that shows skin burn from exposure to a large external dose of radiation MW, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_burn 10063640 radiation burn AE a troponin AE which indicates increased levels of cardiac troponin I in a biological specimen MW, YH 10007612 cardiac troponin I increased AE CTCAE: E12116 NCIt: C78230 a musculoskeletal or connective tissue AE that has greater growth than expected for age. MW, YH 10018746 growth accelerated AE CTCAE: E10317 NCIt: C83495 a surgery AE that has the finding of a previously undocumented problem that occurs after a thoracic procedure. MW, YH 10056745 postoperative thoracic procedure complication AE CTCAE: E11909 NCIt: C78567 a uterine AE that has a rupture in the uterine wall. MW, YH 10046810 uterine perforation AE CTCAE: E12028 NCIt: C50793 a female reproductive system AE that has the finding of rupture of the fallopian tube wall. MW, YH 10065790 fallopian tube perforation AE CTCAE: E11697 NCIt: C78294 an endocrine system AE that occurs when the adrenal cortex does not produce enough of the hormone cortisol and in some cases, the hormone aldosterone. It may be due to a disorder of the adrenal cortex as in Addison's disease or primary adrenal insufficiency. MW, YH 10001367 adrenal insufficiency AE CTCAE: E10298 NCIt: C26691 an endocrine system AE that has signs and symptoms that resemble Cushing's disease or syndrome: buffalo hump obesity, striations, adiposity, hypertension, diabetes, and osteoporosis, usually due to exogenous corticosteroids. MW, YH 10011655 cushingoid AE CTCAE: E10304 NCIt: C37938 an endocrine system AE that has unusually late sexual maturity. MW, YH 10012205 delayed puberty AE CTCAE: E10308 NCIt: C62587 an endocrine system AE that has an increase in production of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid glands. This results in hypercalcemia (abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood). MW, YH 10020705 hyperparathyroidism AE CTCAE: E10319 NCIt: C48259 an endocrine system AE that has a decrease in production of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid glands. MW, YH 10021041 hypoparathyroidism AE CTCAE: E10328 NCIt: C78350 an endocrine system AE that has inappropriate masculinization occurring in a female or prepubertal male. MW, YH 10047488 virilization AE CTCAE: E10343 NCIt: C79859 an endocrine system AE that has unusually early development of secondary sexual features; the onset of sexual maturation begins usually before age 8 for girls and before age 9 for boys. MW, YH 10058084 precocious puberty AE CTCAE: E10340 NCIt: C79704 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of tumor-like collection of serum in the tissues. MW, YH 10040102 seroma AE CTCAE: E11938 NCIt: C50739 a medical intervention site AE that has a circumscribed, inflammatory and necrotic erosive lesion on the jejunal mucosal surface close to the anastomosis site following a gastroenterostomy procedure. MW, YH 10042127 stomal ulcer AE CTCAE: E11965 NCIt: C79766 a medical intervention site AE that has a finding of blood leakage from the intestinal stoma. MW, YH 10049468 intestinal stoma site bleeding AE CTCAE: E11764 NCIt: C78371 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage due to breakdown of a pancreatic anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10050457 pancreatic anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11891 NCIt: C78518 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage of bile due to breakdown of a biliary anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10050458 biliary anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11654 NCIt: C78183 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of blockage of the normal flow of the contents of the intestinal stoma. MW, YH 10059094 intestinal stoma leak AE CTCAE: E11759 NCIt: C78370 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage of contents from an intestinal stoma (surgically created opening on the surface of the body). MW, YH 10059095 intestinal stoma leak AE CTCAE: E11753 NCIt: C78369 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of a previously undocumented problem related to the vascular access site. MW, YH 10062169 vascular access complication AE CTCAE: E12046 NCIt: C78709 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage due to breakdown of a pharyngeal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10065705 pharyngeal anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11897 NCIt: C78550 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of protrusion of the intestinal stoma (surgically created opening on the surface of the body) above the abdominal surface. MW, YH 10065745 prolapse of intestinal stoma AE CTCAE: E11914 NCIt: C78570 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of bleeding from the urostomy site. MW, YH 10065748 urostomy site bleeding AE CTCAE: E12011 NCIt: C78682 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of blood leakage from the tracheostomy site. MW, YH 10065749 tracheostomy site bleeding AE CTCAE: E11981 NCIt: C78648 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage due to breakdown of a fallopian tube anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10065788 fallopian tube anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11691 NCIt: C78292 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage of urine due to breakdown of a bladder anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10065802 bladder anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11660 NCIt: C78206 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage of urine due to breakdown of a kidney anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10065803 kidney anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11879 NCIt: C78406 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage due to breakdown of a ureteral anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10065814 ureteric anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11987 NCIt: C78662 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage due to breakdown of a urethral anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10065815 urethral anastomotic leak CTCAE: E11993 NCIt: C78667 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of displacement of the urostomay MW, YH 10065822 prolapse of urostomy AE CTCAE: E11920 NCIt: C78571 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage due to breakdown of a gastrointestinal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10065879 gastrointestinal anastomotic leak CTCAE: E11715 NCIt: C78318 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage of contents from a urostomy. MW, YH 10065882 urostomy leak AE CTCAE: E11999 NCIt: C78679 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of blockage of the urostomy. MW, YH 10065883 urostomy obstruction AE CTCAE: E12005 NCIt: C78680 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of narrowing of the opening of a urostomy. MW, YH 10065885 urostomy stenosis AE CTCAE: E12017 NCIt: C78683 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage due to breakdown of a uterine anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10065886 uterine anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E12022 NCIt: C78684 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage due to breakdown of a vaginal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10065887 vaginal anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E12034 NCIt: C78698 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage due to breakdown of a vas deferens anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10065888 vas deferens anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E12040 NCIt: C78704 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage due to breakdown of an anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures) in the large intestine. MW, YH 10065891 large intestinal anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11885 NCIt: C78408 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage due to breakdown of an anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures) in the small bowel. MW, YH 10065892 small intestinal anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11942 NCIt: C78612 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage due to breakdown of a gastric anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10065893 gastric anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11709 NCIt: C78310 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage due to breakdown of a rectal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10065894 rectal anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11932 NCIt: C78583 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage due to breakdown of a spermatic cord anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10065897 spermatic cord anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11948 NCIt: C78622 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of narrowing of the gastrointestinal stoma (surgically created opening on the surface of the body). MW, YH 10065898 stenosis of gastrointestinal stoma AE CTCAE: E11960 NCIt: C78628 a medical intervention site AE that has the finding of leakage due to breakdown of an esophageal anastomosis (surgical connection of two separate anatomic structures). MW, YH 10065961 esophageal anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11681 NCIt: C78270 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the bladder. MW, YH 10005047 bladder infection AE CTCAE: E11309 NCIt: C26738 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the uterine cervix. MW, YH 10008330 cervicitis infection AE CTCAE: E11337 NCIt: C78360 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the brain tissue. MW, YH 10014594 encephalitis infection AE CTCAE: E11365 NCIt: C79550 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the brain and spinal cord tissues. MW, YH 10014621 encephalomyelitis infection AE CTCAE: E11369 NCIt: C79551 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the endocardial layer of the heart. MW, YH 10014678 endocarditis infective AE CTCAE: E11373 NCIt: C78265 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the gums. MW, YH 10018784 gum infection AE CTCAE: E11400 NCIt: C78329 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the skeletal muscles. MW, YH 10021918 infective myositis AE CTCAE: E11421 NCIt: C26984 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving a joint. MW, YH 10023216 joint infection AE CTCAE: E11426 NCIt: C78402 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the kidney. MW, YH 10023424 kidney infection AE CTCAE: E11431 NCIt: C34965 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the outer ear and ear canal. Contributory factors include excessive water exposure (swimmer's ear infection) and cuts in the ear canal. Symptoms include fullness, itching, swelling and marked discomfort in the ear and ear drainage. MW, YH 10033072 otitis externa AE CTCAE: E11472 NCIt: C3299 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the salivary gland. MW, YH 10039413 salivary gland infection AE CTCAE: E11550 NCIt: C78601 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the wound. MW, YH 10048038 wound infection AE CTCAE: E11635 NCIt: C45234 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving a tooth. MW, YH 10048762 tooth infection AE CTCAE: E11594 NCIt: C78639 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the prostate gland. MW, YH 10050662 prostate infection AE CTCAE: E11540 NCIt: C27615 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the lymph nodes. MW, YH 10050823 lymph gland infection AE CTCAE: E11449 NCIt: C26821 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the pancreas. MW, YH 10051741 pancreas infection AE CTCAE: E11487 NCIt: C78517 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the urethra. MW, YH 10052298 urethral infection AE CTCAE: E11609 NCIt: C78671 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the ovary. MW, YH 10055005 ovarian infection AE CTCAE: E11482 NCIt: C78512 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the abdominal cavity. MW, YH 10056519 abdominal infection AE CTCAE: E11282 NCIt: C35669 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the liver. MW, YH 10056522 hepatic infection AE CTCAE: E11406 NCIt: C78339 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the vein. Clinical manifestations include erythema, marked discomfort, swelling, and induration along the course of the infected vein. MW, YH 10056627 phlebitis infective AE CTCAE: E11530 NCIt: C78558 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the peritoneum. MW, YH 10057262 peritoneal infection AE CTCAE: E11521 NCIt: C78540 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the mediastinum. MW, YH 10057483 mediastinal infection AE CTCAE: E11454 NCIt: C26827 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the pelvic cavity. MW, YH 10058674 pelvic infection AE CTCAE: E11501 NCIt: C3889 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the esophagus. MW, YH 10058804 esophageal infection AE CTCAE: E11386 NCIt: C78277 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the small and large intestines. MW, YH 10058838 enterocolitis infectious AE CTCAE: E11381 NCIt: C80513 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the nasal mucosal. MW, YH 10059827 rhinitis infective AE CTCAE: E11548 NCIt: C78599 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the bones. MW, YH 10061017 bone infection AE CTCAE: E11314 NCIt: C26839 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the pleura. MW, YH 10061351 pleural infection AE CTCAE: E11535 NCIt: C78563 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the anal area and the rectum. MW, YH 10061640 anorectal infection AE CTCAE: E11286 NCIt: C78174 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the biliary tract. MW, YH 10061695 biliary tract infection AE CTCAE: E11305 NCIt: C26718 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the penis. MW, YH 10061912 penile infection AE CTCAE: E11506 NCIt: C78526 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the spleen. MW, YH 10062112 splenic infection AE CTCAE: E11584 NCIt: C78627 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the scrotum. MW, YH 10062156 scrotal infection AE CTCAE: E11555 NCIt: C78606 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the endometrium. It may extend to the myometrium and parametrial tissues. MW, YH 10062233 uterine infection AE CTCAE: E11619 NCIt: C26764 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the gallbladder. MW, YH 10062632 gallbladder infection AE CTCAE: E11396 NCIt: C78306 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving a stoma (surgically created opening on the surface of the body). MW, YH 10064505 stoma site infection AE CTCAE: E11588 NCIt: C78629 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving an artery. MW, YH 10065744 arteritis infective AE CTCAE: E11301 NCIt: C34399 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the duodenum. MW, YH 10065752 duodenal infection AE CTCAE: E11360 NCIt: C78258 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the lips. MW, YH 10065755 lip infection AE CTCAE: E11440 NCIt: C78434 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the cecum. MW, YH 10065761 cecal infection AE CTCAE: E11333 NCIt: C78235 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving a mucosal surface. MW, YH 10065764 mucosal infection AE CTCAE: E11462 NCIt: C78454 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving a cranial nerve. MW, YH 10065765 cranial nerve infection AE CTCAE: E11352 NCIt: C78248 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the peripheral nerves. MW, YH 10065766 peripheral nerve infection AE CTCAE: E11516 NCIt: C27589 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the small intestine. MW, YH 10065771 small intestine infection AE CTCAE: E11574 NCIt: C78618 an infection AE that has an infectious process involving the vulva. MW, YH 10065772 vulval infection AE CTCAE: E11629 NCIt: C78716 a pain AE that has a sensation of marked discomfort in the anal region. MW, YH 10002167 anal pain AE CTCAE: E10486 NCIt: C78172 a pain AE that has a sensation of marked discomfort in the gallbladder region. MW, YH 10017638 gallbladder pain AE CTCAE: E11204 NCIt: C78304 a pain AE that has a sensation of marked discomfort in the gastrointestinal region. MW, YH 10017999 gastrointestinal pain AE CTCAE: E10755 NCIt: C78320 a pain AE that has a sensation of marked discomfort in the liver region. MW, YH 10019705 hepatic pain AE CTCAE: E11224 NCIt: C78341 a pain AE that has a sensation of marked discomfort of the lip. MW, YH 10024561 lip pain AE CTCAE: E10857 NCIt: C79684 a pain AE that has a sensation of marked discomfort in the rectal region. MW, YH 10038072 rectal pain AE CTCAE: E10977 NCIt: C78587 a pain AE that has a sensation of marked discomfort in the stomach. MW, YH 10042112 stomach pain AE CTCAE: E11044 NCIt: C78630 a chest pain AE that has discomfort in the chest unrelated to a heart disorder. MW, YH 10062501 non-cardiac chest pain AE CTCAE: E11163 NCIt: C78504 a respiratory system AE that has the finding of blockage of the lumen of the trachea. MW, YH 10044291 tracheal obstruction AE CTCAE: E11975 NCIt: C78645 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the colon. MW, YH 10009998 colonic hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10533 NCIt: C78240 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the esophagus. MW, YH 10015384 esophageal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10645 NCIt: C78271 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from esophageal varices. MW, YH 10015453 esophageal varices hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10682 NCIt: C78282 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the liver. MW, YH 10019678 hepatic hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E11215 NCIt: C78338 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the mouth. MW, YH 10030980 oral hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10898 NCIt: C79699 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the pancreas. MW, YH 10033626 pancreatic hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10920 NCIt: C78521 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the retroperitoneal area. MW, YH 10038981 retroperitoneal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10998 NCIt: C26944 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the lower gastrointestinal tract (small intestine, large intestine, and anus). MW, YH 10051746 lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10861 NCIt: C78438 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the duodenum. MW, YH 10055242 duodenal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10588 NCIt: C78257 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the ileal wall. MW, YH 10055287 ileal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10783 NCIt: C78353 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding in the abdominal cavity. MW, YH 10055291 intra-abdominal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10817 NCIt: C78372 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the jejunal wall. MW, YH 10055300 jejunal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10828 NCIt: C78397 a hemorrhage AE that has the finding of bleeding occurring after a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10055322 postoperative hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E11903 NCIt: C34938 a hemorrhage AE that has the finding of bleeding from the trachea. MW, YH 10062548 tracheal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E11969 NCIt: C78642 a hemorrhage AE that has bleeding from the cecum. MW, YH 10065747 cecal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10511 NCIt: C78234 an anus AE that has a narrowing of the lumen of the anal canal. MW, YH 10002176 anal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10490 NCIt: C78173 a digestive system AE that has an abnormal communication between the bile ducts and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10004665 biliary fistula AE CTCAE: E11179 NCIt: C79540 a digestive system AE that has subject-reported feeling of uncomfortable fullness of the abdomen. MW, YH 10005265 bloating AE CTCAE: E10508 NCIt: C78213 a digestive system AE that has an abnormal communication between the large intestine and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10009995 colonic fistula AE CTCAE: E10527 NCIt: C78239 a digestive system AE that has blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents in the colon. MW, YH 10010000 colonic obstruction AE CTCAE: E10539 NCIt: C78241 a digestive system AE that has a rupture in the colonic wall. MW, YH 10010001 colonic perforation AE CTCAE: E10545 NCIt: C78242 a digestive system AE that has a circumscribed, inflammatory and necrotic erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the colon. MW, YH 10010006 colonic ulcer AE CTCAE: E10556 NCIt: C78244 a duodenum AE that has an abnormal communication between the duodenum and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10013828 duodenal fistula AE CTCAE: E10582 NCIt: C78256 a duodenum AE that has blockage of the normal flow of stomach contents through the duodenum. MW, YH 10013830 duodenal obstruction AE CTCAE: E10594 NCIt: C79548 a duodenum AE that has a rupture in the duodenal wall. MW, YH 10013832 duodenal perforation AE CTCAE: E10600 NCIt: C78259 an esophagus AE that has blockage of the normal flow of the contents in the esophagus. MW, YH 10015387 esophageal obstruction AE CTCAE: E10655 NCIt: C78279 an esophagus AE that has a circumscribed, inflammatory and necrotic erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the esophageal wall. MW, YH 10015451 esophageal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10676 NCIt: C26950 a digestive system AE that has an abnormal communication between the gallbladder and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10017631 gallbladder fistula AE CTCAE: E11189 NCIt: C78305 a digestive system AE that has blockage of the normal flow of the contents of the gallbladder. MW, YH 10017636 gallbladder obstruction AE CTCAE: E11198 NCIt: C78308 a gastrointestinal perforation AE that occurs in the stomach wall. MW, YH 10017815 gastric perforation AE CTCAE: E10716 NCIt: C78316 a gastrointestinal disoder AE that has an abnormal communication between any part of the gastrointestinal system and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10017877 gastrointestinal fistula AE CTCAE: E10749 NCIt: C78319 a gastric AE that has an incomplete paralysis of the muscles of the stomach wall resulting in delayed emptying of the gastric contents into the small intestine. MW, YH 10018043 gastroparesis AE CTCAE: E10759 NCIt: C80512 a digestive system AE that has a narrowing of the lumen of the ileum. MW, YH 10021307 ileal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10800 NCIt: C78356 a digestive system AE that has a circumscribed, inflammatory and necrotic erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the ileum. MW, YH 10021309 ileal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10806 NCIt: C78357 a digestive system AE that has a rupture in the jejunal wall. MW, YH 10023174 jejunal perforation AE CTCAE: E10840 NCIt: C78399 a digestive system AE that has a narrowing of the lumen of the jejunum. MW, YH 10023176 jejunal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10845 NCIt: C78400 a digestive system AE that has a circumscribed, inflammatory and necrotic erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the jejunum. MW, YH 10023177 jejunal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10851 NCIt: C78401 a digestive system AE that has inadequate absorption of nutrients in the small intestine. Symptoms include abdominal marked discomfort, bloating and diarrhea. MW, YH 10025476 malabsorption AE CTCAE: E10867 NCIt: C3214 a digestive system AE that has blockage of the normal flow of the contents in the stomach. MW, YH 10029957 obstruction gastric AE CTCAE: E10882 NCIt: C78505 a digestive system AE that has a rupture in the wall of the extrahepatic or intrahepatic bile duct. MW, YH 10034405 perforation bile duct AE CTCAE: E11234 NCIt: C78528 a digestive system AE that has an abnormal communication between the rectum and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10038062 rectal fistula AE CTCAE: E10949 NCIt: C79713 a digestive system AE that has a rupture in the rectal wall. MW, YH 10038073 rectal perforation AE CTCAE: E10981 NCIt: C78588 a digestive system AE that has a narrowing of the lumen of the rectum. MW, YH 10038079 rectal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10986 NCIt: C78589 a digestive system AE that has a circumscribed, inflammatory and necrotic erosive lesion on the mucosal surface of the rectum. MW, YH 10038080 rectal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10992 NCIt: C78590 a digestive system AE that has an abnormal communication between a salivary gland and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10039411 salivary gland fistula AE CTCAE: E11009 NCIt: C79715 a digestive system AE that has a rupture in the small intestine wall. MW, YH 10041103 small intestinal perforation AE CTCAE: E11027 NCIt: C78616 a digestive system AE that has an abnormal communication between the pancreas and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10049192 pancreatic fistula AE CTCAE: E10914 NCIt: C79701 a duodenum AE that has a narrowing of the lumen of the duodenum. MW, YH 10050094 duodenal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10605 NCIt: C78260 a digestive system AE that has a narrowing of the lumen of the bile duct. MW, YH 10051341 bile duct stenosis AE CTCAE: E11173 NCIt: C78182 a gastric disorder AE that has a necrotic process occurring in the gastric wall. MW, YH 10051886 gastric necrosis AE CTCAE: E10712 NCIt: C78314 a digestive system AE that has a necrotic process occurring in the pancreas. MW, YH 10058096 pancreatic necrosis AE CTCAE: E10926 NCIt: C78522 a digestive system AE that has a necrotic process occurring in the gallbladder. MW, YH 10059446 gallbladder necrosis AE CTCAE: E11195 NCIt: C78307 a gastric disorder AE that has a narrowing of the lumen of the stomach. MW, YH 10061970 gastric stenosis AE CTCAE: E10721 NCIt: C78317 a digestive system AE that has an abnormal communication between the urinary bladder and the intestine. MW, YH 10062570 enterovesical fistula AE CTCAE: E10633 NCIt: C78266 a digestive system AE that has a narrowing of the lumen of the pancreatic duct. MW, YH 10065703 pancreatic duct stenosis AE CTCAE: E10908 NCIt: C78519 a digestive system AE that has a necrotic process occurring in the peritoneum. MW, YH 10065704 peritoneal necrosis AE CTCAE: E10939 NCIt: C78543 a digestive system AE that has blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents in the rectum. MW, YH 10065707 rectal obstruction AE CTCAE: E10971 NCIt: C78586 a gastrointestinal disoder AE that has the finding of a necrotic process occurring in the gastrointestinal tract stoma. MW, YH 10065712 gastrointestinal stoma necrosis CTCAE: E11721 NCIt: C78321 a gastric disorder AE that has an abnormal communication between the stomach and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10065713 gastric fistula AE CTCAE: E10700 NCIt: C79595 a digestive system AE that has an abnormal communication between the jejunum and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10065719 jejunal fistula AE CTCAE: E10822 NCIt: C78396 an anus AE that has a necrotic process occurring in the anal region. MW, YH 10065722 anal necrosis AE CTCAE: E10482 NCIt: C78171 an esophagus AE that has a necrotic process occurring in the esophageal wall. MW, YH 10065727 esophageal necrosis AE CTCAE: E10651 NCIt: C78278 a digestive system AE that has an abnormal communication between the ileum and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10065728 ileal fistula AE CTCAE: E10777 NCIt: C78352 a digestive system AE that has blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents in the ileum. MW, YH 10065730 ileal obstruction AE CTCAE: E10789 NCIt: C78354 a digestive system AE that has blockage of the normal flow of the intestinal contents in the jejunum. MW, YH 10065732 jejunal obstruction AE CTCAE: E10834 NCIt: C78398 an esophagus AE that has an abnormal communication between the esophagus and another organ or anatomic site. MW, YH 10065851 esophageal fistula AE CTCAE: E10639 NCIt: C79574 an eye AE that has dryness of the cornea and conjunctiva. MW, YH 10013774 dry eye AE CTCAE: E10363 NCIt: C34553 an eye AE that has a sudden or brief burst of light. MW, YH 10016757 flashing lights AE CTCAE: E10384 NCIt: C50568 an eye AE that has an individual seeing spots before their eyes. The spots are shadows of opaque cell fragments in the vitreous humor or lens. MW, YH 10016778 floaters AE CTCAE: E10388 NCIt: C37955 an eye AE that has an inability to see clearly in dim light. MW, YH 10029404 night blindness AE CTCAE: E10401 NCIt: C34850 an eye AE that has a small laceration of the retina, this occurs when the vitreous separates from the retina. Symptoms include flashes and floaters. MW, YH 10038897 retinal tear AE CTCAE: E10425 NCIt: C50732 an eye AE that has pathological retinal blood vessels that adversely affects vision. MW, YH 10038901 retinal vascular disorder AE CTCAE: E10429 NCIt: C35170 an eye AE that has blood extravasation into the vitreous humor. MW, YH 10047656 vitreous hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10447 NCIt: C50469 an eye AE that has excessive tearing in the eyes; it can be caused by overproduction of tears or impaired drainage of the tear duct. MW, YH 10047848 watering eyes AE CTCAE: E10452 NCIt: C78717 an eye AE that has involvement of the optic nerve (second cranial nerve). MW, YH 10061322 optic nerve disorder AE CTCAE: E10406 NCIt: C79698 an eye AE that has involvement of the sclera of the eye. MW, YH 10061510 scleral disorder AE CTCAE: E10437 NCIt: C79717 an ear AE that has dizziness, imbalance, nausea, and vision problems. MW, YH 10047386 vestibular disorder AE CTCAE: E10295 NCIt: C27166 an ear pain AE that has a sensation of marked discomfort in the external ear region. MW, YH 10065785 external ear pain AE CTCAE: E10272 NCIt: C78285 a cardiovascular AE that has a thickened and fibrotic pericardial sac; these fibrotic changes impede normal myocardial function by restricting myocardial muscle action. MW, YH 10010783 constrictive pericarditis AE CTCAE: E10120 NCIt: C78246 a cardiovascular AE that has a dysrhythmia with alternating periods of bradycardia and atrial tachycardia accompanied by syncope, fatigue and dizziness. MW, YH 10040639 sick sinus syndrome AE CTCAE: E10202 NCIt: C62244 a cardiovascular AE that has an increase in intrapericardial pressure due to the collection of blood or fluid in the pericardium. MW, YH 10053565 pericardial tamponade AE CTCAE: E10177 NCIt: C50481 a cardiovascular AE that has a defect in tricuspid valve function or structure. MW, YH 10061389 tricuspid valve disease AE CTCAE: E10224 NCIt: C78649 a cardiovascular AE that has a defect in mitral valve function or structure. MW, YH 10061532 mitral valve disease AE CTCAE: E10134 NCIt: C78446 a cardiovascular AE that has a defect in pulmonary valve function or structure. MW, YH 10061541 pulmonary valve disease AE CTCAE: E10186 NCIt: C78579 a cardiovascular AE that has a defect in aortic valve function or structure. MW, YH 10061589 aortic valve disease AE CTCAE: E10071 NCIt: C78650 a bone AE that has a change in tooth hue or tint. MW, YH 10044031 tooth discoloration AE CTCAE: E11052 NCIt: C80112 an edema AE that has swelling due to an accumulation of excessive fluid in the neck. MW, YH 10054482 neck edema AE CTCAE: E11159 NCIt: C78501 an edema AE that has swelling due to excessive fluid accumulation in the trunk area. MW, YH 10058720 edema trunk AE CTCAE: E11090 NCIt: C78263 an inflammation AE that has inflammation of the rectum. MW, YH 10036774 proctitis AE CTCAE: E10943 NCIt: C38011 an inflammation AE that has inflammation of the mucous membrane of the rectum MW, YH 10063190 rectal mucositis AE CTCAE: E10961 NCIt: C78584 an inflammation AE that has inflammation of the mucous membrane of the anus. MW, YH 10065721 anal mucositis AE CTCAE: E10476 NCIt: C78170 an inflammation AE that has inflammation, swelling and redness to the outer ear and ear canal. MW, YH 10065837 external ear inflammation AE CTCAE: E10266 NCIt: C79601 an inflammation AE that has inflammation (physiologic response to irritation), swelling and redness to the middle ear. MW, YH 10065838 middle ear inflammation AE CTCAE: E10281 NCIt: C34885 a death AE that has cessation of life occurring during the first 28 days of life. MW, YH 10011912 death neonatal AE CTCAE: E11078 NCIt: C80082 a fracture AE that has a break in the continuity of the ankle bone. Symptoms include marked discomfort, swelling and difficulty moving the affected leg and foot. MW, YH 10002544 ankle fracture AE CTCAE: E11640 NCIt: C26989 a fracture AE that has the finding of traumatic injury to the hip in which the continuity of either the femoral head, femoral neck, intertrochanteric or subtrochanteric regions is broken. MW, YH 10020100 hip fracture AE CTCAE: E11726 NCIt: C26794 a fracture AE that has the finding of traumatic injury to the spine in which the continuity of a vertebral bone is broken. MW, YH 10041569 spinal fracture AE CTCAE: E11954 NCIt: C80516 a fracture AE that has the finding of traumatic injury to the wrist joint in which the continuity of a wrist bone is broken. MW, YH 10048049 wrist fracture AE CTCAE: E12069 NCIt: C80517 a lung infection AE that has an infectious process involving the bronchi. MW, YH 10055078 bronchial infection AE CTCAE: E11323 NCIt: C2911 a muscle enzyme level increased AE that has the finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an increase in levels of creatine phosphokinase in a blood specimen. MW, YH 10011268 CPK increased AE CTCAE: E12132 NCIt: C78247 a recall phenomenon AE that has the finding of acute skin inflammatory reaction caused by drugs, especially chemotherapeutic agents, for weeks or months following radiotherapy. The inflammatory reaction is confined to the previously irradiated skin and the symptoms disappear after the removal of the pharmaceutical agent. MW, YH 10037767 radiation recall reaction (dermatologic) AE CTCAE: E11926 NCIt: C78580 an immunology and allergy investigation result abnormal AE that has the finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of CD4 lymphocytes in a blood specimen. MW, YH 10007839 CD4 lymphocytes decreased AE CTCAE: E12122 NCIt: C78233 a respiratory and pulmonary investigation result abnormal AE that has the finding based on pulmonary function test results that indicate an abnormal vital capacity (amount of exhaled after a maximum inhalation) when compared to the predicted value. MW, YH 10047580 vital capacity abnormal AE CTCAE: E12220 NCIt: C78715 a respiratory and pulmonary investigation result abnormal AE that has the finding based on lung function test results that indicate a decrease in the lung capacity to absorb carbon monoxide. MW, YH 10065906 carbon monoxide diffusing capacity decreased AE CTCAE: E12112 NCIt: C78229 an endocrine investigation result abnormal AE that has the finding based on laboratory test results that indicate abnormal levels of antidiuretic hormone in the blood specimen. MW, YH 10005332 blood antidiuretic hormone abnormal AE CTCAE: E12092 NCIt: C78214 an endocrine investigation result abnormal AE that has the finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of corticotrophin in a blood specimen. MW, YH 10005452 blood corticotrophin decreased AE CTCAE: E12101 NCIt: C78215 an endocrine investigation result abnormal AE that has the finding based on laboratory test results that indicate abnormal levels of gonadotrophin hormone in a blood specimen. MW, YH 10005561 blood gonadotrophin abnormal AE CTCAE: E12105 NCIt: C78216 an endocrine investigation result abnormal AE that has the finding based on laboratory test results that indicate abnormal levels of prolactin hormone in a blood specimen. MW, YH 10005778 blood prolactin abnormal AE CTCAE: E12109 NCIt: C78217 an endocrine investigation result abnormal AE that has the finding based on laboratory test results that indicate abnormal levels of growth hormone in a biological specimen. MW, YH 10018748 growth hormone abnormal AE CTCAE: E12166 NCIt: C78327 an enzyme investigation result abnormal AE that has the finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of pancreatic enzymes in a biological specimen. MW, YH 10062646 pancreatic enzymes decreased AE CTCAE: E12203 NCIt: C78520 a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that has the finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of fibrinogen in a blood specimen. MW, YH 10016596 fibrinogen decreased AE CTCAE: E12151 NCIt: C78300 a hematology investigation result abnormal with the finding based on laboratory test results that indicate an decrease in levels of haptoglobin in a blood specimen. MW, YH 10019150 haptoglobin decreased AE CTCAE: E12169 NCIt: C78330 a coronary heart disease AE that has signs and symptoms related to acute ischemia of the myocardium secondary to coronary artery disease. The clinical presentation covers a spectrum of heart diseases from unstable angina to myocardial infarction. MW, YH 10051592 acute coronary syndrome AE CTCAE: E10066 NCIt: C53652 an eyelid disorder AE that has impaired eyelid function. MW, YH 10061145 eyelid function disorder AE CTCAE: E10380 NCIt: C78288 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the aorta. MW, YH 10002899 aortic injury AE CTCAE: E11644 NCIt: C35623 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to an artery MW, YH 10003162 arterial injury AE CTCAE: E11648 NCIt: C35401 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the carotid artery. MW, YH 10022161 injury to carotid artery AE CTCAE: E11730 NCIt: C79599 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the inferior vena cava. MW, YH 10022213 injury to inferior vena cava AE CTCAE: E11734 NCIt: C78363 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the superior vena cava. MW, YH 10022356 injury to superior vena cava AE CTCAE: E11741 NCIt: C78365 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the gastrointestinal system during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065825 intraoperative gastrointestinal injury AE CTCAE: E11798 NCIt: C78380 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to an artery during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065826 intraoperative arterial injury AE CTCAE: E11770 NCIt: C78375 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the hepatic parenchyma and/or biliary tract during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065827 intraoperative hepatobiliary injury AE CTCAE: E11814 NCIt: C78382 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the urinary system during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065828 intraoperative urinary injury AE CTCAE: E11867 NCIt: C78391 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the musculoskeletal system during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065829 intraoperative musculoskeletal injury AE CTCAE: E11820 NCIt: C78383 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the nervous system during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065830 intraoperative neurological injury AE CTCAE: E11826 NCIt: C78384 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the breast parenchyma during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065831 intraoperative breast injury AE CTCAE: E11776 NCIt: C78376 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the respiratory system during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065832 intraoperative respiratory injury AE CTCAE: E11850 NCIt: C78388 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the endocrine gland during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065834 intraoperative endocrine injury AE CTCAE: E11792 NCIt: C78379 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the reproductive organs during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065840 intraoperative reproductive tract injury AE CTCAE: E11844 NCIt: C78387 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the eye during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065841 intraoperative ocular injury AE CTCAE: E11832 NCIt: C78385 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the head and neck during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065842 lintraoperative head and neck injury AE CTCAE: E11804 NCIt: C78381 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the heart during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065843 intraoperative cardiac injury AE CTCAE: E11782 NCIt: C78377 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the ear during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065844 intraoperative ear injury AE CTCAE: E11786 NCIt: C78378 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the kidney during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065845 intraoperative renal injury AE CTCAE: E11838 NCIt: C78386 an injury AE finding of damage to the skin during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065846 intraoperative skin injury AE CTCAE: E11856 NCIt: C78389 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the spleen during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065847 intraoperative splenic injury AE CTCAE: E11862 NCIt: C78390 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to a vein during a surgical procedure. MW, YH 10065848 intraoperative venous injury AE CTCAE: E11873 NCIt: C78392 an injury AE that has the finding of damage to the jugular vein. MW, YH 10065849 injury to jugular vein AE CTCAE: E11737 NCIt: C78364 an appendicitis AE that has acute inflammation to the vermiform appendix caused by a pathogenic agent with gangrenous changes resulting in the rupture of the appendiceal wall. The appendiceal wall rupture causes the release of inflammatory and bacterial contents from the appendiceal lumen into the abdominal cavity. MW, YH 10003012 appendicitis perforated AE CTCAE: E11296 NCIt: C78178 a troponin AE which indicates increased levels of cardiac troponin T in a biological specimen MW, YH 10007613 cardiac troponin T increased CTCAE: E12119 NCIt: C78231 an eye infection AE that has an infectious process involving the conjunctiva. Clinical manifestations include pink or red color in the eyes. MW, YH 10010742 conjunctivitis infective AE CTCAE: E11342 NCIt: C35704 an eye infection AE that has an infectious process involving the internal structures of the eye. MW, YH 10014801 endophthalmitis AE CTCAE: E11377 NCIt: C34586 an eye infection AE that has an infectious process involving the orbit of the eye. MW, YH 10051472 periorbital infection AE CTCAE: E11511 NCIt: C78531 an eye infection AE that has an infectious process involving the cornea. MW, YH 10061788 corneal infection AE CTCAE: E11347 NCIt: C26805 a fatigue AE that has fatigue relieved by rest MW, YH Grade 1 fatigue AE CTCAE: E11099 a fatigue AE that has fatigue not relieved by rest; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 fatigue AE CTCAE: E11100 a fatigue AE that has fatigue not relieved by rest, limiting self care activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 3 fatigue AE CTCAE: E11101 a myocardial infarction AE that has asymptomatic and cardiac enzymes minimally abnormal and no evidence of ischemic ECG changes MW, YH Grade 2 myocardial infarction AE CTCAE: E10153 a myocardial infarction AE that has severe symptoms; cardiac enzymes abnormal; hemodynamically stable; ECG changes consistent with infarction MW, YH Grade 3 myocardial infarction AE CTCAE: E10154 a pancreatitis AE that has enzyme elevation or radiologic findings only MW, YH Grade 3 pancreatitis AE CTCAE: E10931 a pancreatitis AE that has severe pain; vomiting; medical intervention indicated (e.g., analgesia, nutritional support) MW, YH Grade 3 pancreatitis AE CTCAE: E10932 an activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged AE that is greater than the upper limit of normal to 1.5 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 1 activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged AE CTCAE: E12074 an activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged AE that is 1.5-2.5 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 2 activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged AE CTCAE: E12075 an activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged AE that is greater than 2.5 times the upper limit of normal; hemorrhage MW, YH Grade 3 activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged AE CTCAE: E12076 an alanine aminotransferase level increased AE that is greater than the upper limit of normal to 3 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 1 alanine aminotransferase level increased AE CTCAE: E12078 an alanine aminotransferase level increased AE that is greater than 3 to 5 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 2 alanine aminotransferase level increased AE CTCAE: E12079 an alanine aminotransferase level increased AE that is greater than 5 to 20 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 3 alanine aminotransferase level increased AE CTCAE: E12080 an alanine aminotransferase level increased AE that is greater than 20 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 4 alanine aminotransferase level increased AE CTCAE: E12081 an anal ulcer AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 anal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10498 an anal ulcer AE that has severely altered GI function; TPN indicated; elective operative or endoscopic intervention indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 anal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10499 an atrial flutter AE that has symptomatic and incompletely controlled medically, or controlled with device (e.g., pacemaker), or ablation MW, YH Grade 3 atrial flutter AE CTCAE: E10090 an otitis media AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 otitis media AE CTCAE: E11478 an otitis media AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 otitis media AE CTCAE: E11479 a pericarditis AE that has asymptomatic, ECG or physical findings (e.g., rub) consistent with pericarditis MW, YH Grade 1 pericarditis AE CTCAE: E10181 a pericarditis AE that has symptomatic pericarditis (e.g., chest pain) MW, YH Grade 2 pericarditis AE CTCAE: E10182 a pericarditis AE that has pericarditis with physiologic consequences (e.g., pericardial constriction) MW, YH Grade 3 pericarditis AE CTCAE: E10183 a pharyngitis AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 pharyngitis AE CTCAE: E11526 a pharyngitis AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 pharyngitis AE CTCAE: E11527 a fever AE that has 38.0 - 39.0 degrees C (100.4 - 102.2 degrees F) MW, YH Grade 1 fever AE CTCAE: E11103 a fever AE that has greater than 39.0 - 40.0 degrees C (102.3 - 104.0 degrees F) MW, YH Grade 2 fever AE CTCAE: E11104 a fever AE that has greater than 40.0 degrees C (greater than104.0 degrees F) for less than or equal to 24 hrs MW, YH Grade 3 fever AE CTCAE: E11105 a fever AE that has greater than 40.0 degrees C (greater than104.0 degrees F) for more than 24 hrs MW, YH Grade 4 fever AE CTCAE: E11106 an injection-site adverse event characterized by tenderness with or without associated symptoms (e.g., warmth, erythema, itching) MW, YH Grade 1 injection-site adverse event CTCAE: E11139 an injection-site adverse event characterized by pain; lipodystrophy; edema; phlebitis MW, YH Grade 2 injection-site adverse event CTCAE: E11140 an injection-site adverse event characterized by ulceration or necrosis; severe tissue damage; operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 injection-site adverse event CTCAE: E11141 a leukocyte cell number increased AE where leukocytes are greater than 100,000/mm3 MW, YH Grade 3 leukocytosis AE CTCAE: E10049 a leukocyte cell number increased AE that has clinical manifestations of leucostasis; urgent intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 4 leukocytosis AE CTCAE: E10050 a leukocyte cell number decreased AE that is less than the lower limit of normal - 3000/mm3; less than the lower limit of normal - 3.0 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 1 leukocyte cell number decreased AE CTCAE: E12233 a leukocyte cell number decreased AE that is less than 3000 - 2000/mm3; less than 3.0 - 2.0 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 2 leukocyte cell number decreased AE CTCAE: E12234 a leukocyte cell number decreased AE that is less than 2000 - 1000/mm3; less than 2.0 - 1.0 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 3 leukocyte cell number decreased AE CTCAE: E12235 a leukocyte cell number decreased AE that is less than 1000/mm3; less than 1.0 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 4 leukocyte cell number decreased AE CTCAE: E12236 a malaise AE that has uneasiness or lack of well being MW, YH Grade 1 malaise AE CTCAE: E11153 a malaise AE that has uneasiness or lack of well being; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 malaise AE CTCAE: E11154 a chills AE that has mild sensation of cold; shivering; chattering of teeth MW, YH Grade 1 chills AE CTCAE: E11075 A chills AE that has moderate tremor of the entire body; narcotics indicated MW, YH Grade 2 chills AE CTCAE: E11076 a chills AE that has severe or prolonged, not responsive to narcotics MW, YH Grade 3 chills AE CTCAE: E11077 an edema face AE that has localized facial edema MW, YH Grade 1 edema face AE CTCAE: E11083 a meningitis AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated; focal neurologic deficit MW, YH Grade 3 meningitis AE CTCAE: E11459 a serum sickness AE that has moderate arthralgia; fever, rash, urticaria, antihistamines indicated MW, YH Grade 2 serum sickness AE CTCAE: E11278 a serum sickness AE that has severe arthralgia or arthritis; extensive rash; steroids or IV fluids indicated MW, YH Grade 3 serum sickness AE CTCAE: E11279 a urinary tract infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 urinary tract infection AE CTCAE: E11615 a urinary tract infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 urinary tract infection AE CTCAE: E11616 a laryngitis AE that has moderate symptoms; oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 laryngitis AE CTCAE: E11436 a laryngitis AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 laryngitis AE CTCAE: E11437 a dry mouth AE that is symptomatic (e.g., dry or thick saliva) without significant dietary alteration; unstimulated saliva flow greater than0.2 ml/min MW, YH Grade 1 dry mouth AE CTCAE: E10579 a dry mouth AE that has moderate symptoms; oral intake alterations (e.g., copious water, other lubricants, diet limited to purees and/or soft, moist foods); unstimulated saliva 0.1 to 0.2 ml/min MW, YH Grade 2 dry mouth AE CTCAE: E10580 a dry mouth AE that has the inability to adequately aliment orally; tube feeding or TPN indicated; unstimulated saliva <0.1 ml/min MW, YH Grade 3 dry mouth AE CTCAE: E10581 a pustular rash AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 pustular rash AE CTCAE: E11546 a pustular rash AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 pustular rash AE CTCAE: E11547 a flatulence AE that has moderate; persistent; psychosocial sequelae MW, YH Grade 2 flatulence AE CTCAE: E10699 a weight loss AE that is 5 to less than 10% from baseline; intervention not indicated MW, YH Grade 1 weight loss AE CTCAE: E12229 a weight loss AE that is 10 - less than 20% from baseline; nutritional support indicated MW, YH Grade 2 weight loss AE CTCAE: E12230 a weight loss AE that is greater than or equal to 20% from baseline; tube feeding or TPN indicated MW, YH Grade 3 weight loss AE CTCAE: E12231 an abnormal gait AE that has mild change in gait (e.g., wide-based, limping or hobbling) MW, YH Grade 1 abnormal gait AE CTCAE: E11113 an abnormal gait AE that has moderate change in gait (e.g., wide-based, limping or hobbling); assistive device indicated; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 abnormal gait AE CTCAE: E11114 an anemia AE where hemoglobin (Hgb) is less than the lower limit of normal (LLN), which is 10.0 g/dL, 6.2 mmol/L, or 100 g/L. MW, YH Grade 1 anemia AE CTCAE: E10011 an anemia AE where hemoglobin (Hgb) is less than 10.0-8.0 g/dL, 6.2 -4.9 mmol/L, or 100 - 80 g/L. MW, YH Grade 2 anemia AE CTCAE: E10012 an anemia AE where hemoglobin (Hgb) is less than 8.0 g/dL, 4.9 mmol/L, or 80 g/L. MW, YH Grade 3 anemia AE CTCAE: E10013 a sinusitis AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 sinusitis AE CTCAE: E11564 a sinusitis AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 sinusitis AE CTCAE: E11565 an allergy AE that has transient flushing or rash, drug fever <38 degrees C (<100.4 degrees F); intervention not indicated MW, YH Grade 1 allergy AE CTCAE: E11249 an allergy AE where intervention or infusion interruption indicated; responds promptly to symptomatic treatment (e.g., antihistamines, NSAIDS, narcotics); prophylactic medications indicated for less than or equal to 24 hrs MW, YH Grade 2 allergy AE CTCAE: E11250 an allergy AE that is prolonged (e.g., not rapidly responsive to symptomatic medication and/or brief interruption of infusion); recurrence of symptoms following initial improvement; hospitalization indicated for clinical sequelae (e.g., renal impairment, pulmonary infiltrates) MW, YH Grade 3 allergy AE CTCAE: E11251 a dysphagia AE that is symptomatic, able to eat regular diet MW, YH Grade 1 dysphagia AE CTCAE: E10622 a dysphagia AE that is symptomatic and altered eating/swallowing MW, YH Grade 2 dysphagia AE CTCAE: E10623 a dysphagia AE that has severely altered eating/swallowing; tube feeding or TPN or hospitalization indicated MW, YH Grade 3 dysphagia AE CTCAE: E10624 a platelet count decreased AE that is less than the lower limit of normal - 75,000/mm3; less than the lower limit of normal - 75.0 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 1 platelet count decreased AE CTCAE: E12208 a platelet count decreased AE that is less than 75,000 - 50,000/mm3; less than 75.0 - 50.0 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 2 platelet count decreased AE CTCAE: E12209 a platelet count decreased AE that is less than 50,000 - 25,000/mm3; less than 50.0 - 25.0 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 3 platelet count decreased AE CTCAE: E12210 a platelet count decreased AE that is less than 25,000/mm3; less than 25.0 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 4 platelet count decreased AE CTCAE: E12211 a vomiting AE that has 1 - 2 episodes (separated by 5 minutes) in 24 hrs MW, YH Grade 1 vomiting AE CTCAE: E11069 a vomiting AE that has 3 - 5 episodes (separated by 5 minutes) in 24 hrs MW, YH Grade 2 vomiting AE CTCAE: E11070 a vomiting AE that has 6 or more episodes (separated by 5 minutes) in 24 hrs; tube feeding, TPN or hospitalization indicated MW, YH Grade 3 vomiting AE CTCAE: E11071 a constipation AE that has occasional or intermittent symptoms; occasional use of stool softeners, laxatives, dietary modification, or enema MW, YH Grade 1 constipation AE CTCAE: E10563 a constipation AE that has persistent symptoms with regular use of laxatives or enemas; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 constipation AE CTCAE: E10564 a constipation AE that has obstipation with manual evacuation indicated; limiting self care activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 3 constipation AE CTCAE: E10565 a lymphocyte count increased AE that is greater than 4000/mm3 - 20,000/mm3 MW, YH Grade 2 lymphocyte count increased AE CTCAE: E12196 a lymphocyte count increased AE that is greater than 20,000/mm3 MW, YH Grade 3 lymphocyte count increased AE CTCAE: E12197 a hypothermia AE that has 35 - greater than 32 degrees C; 95 - greater than 89.6 degrees F MW, YH Grade 2 hypothermia AE CTCAE: E11123 a hypothermia AE that has 32 - greater than 28 degrees C; 89.6 - greater than 82.4 degrees F MW, YH Grade 3 hypothermia AE CTCAE: E11124 a hypothermia AE that has less than or equal to 28 degrees C; 82.4 degrees F; life-threatening consequences (e.g., coma, hypotension, pulmonary edema, acidemia, ventricular fibrillation) MW, YH Grade 4 hypothermia AE CTCAE: E11125 a hematoma AE that is localized or in a dependent area MW, YH Grade 1 hematoma AE CTCAE: E11667 a hematoma AE that is generalized MW, YH Grade 2 hematoma AE CTCAE: E11668 an aspartate aminotransferase level increased AE that is greater than the upper limit of normal to 3 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 1 aspartate aminotransferase level increased AE CTCAE: E12088 an aspartate aminotransferase level increased AE that is greater than 3 to 5 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 2 aspartate aminotransferase level increased AE CTCAE: E12089 an aspartate aminotransferase level increased AE that is greater than 5 to 20 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 3 aspartate aminotransferase level increased AE CTCAE: E12090 an aspartate aminotransferase level increased AE that is greater than 20 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 4 aspartate aminotransferase level increased AE CTCAE: E12091 an atrial fibrillation AE that has symptomatic and incompletely controlled medically, or controlled with device (e.g., pacemaker), or ablation MW, YH Grade 3 atrial fibrillation AE CTCAE: E10084 a blood alkaline phosphatase increased AE that is greater than the upper limit of normal to 2.5 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 1 blood alkaline phosphatase increased AE CTCAE: E12083 a blood alkaline phosphatase increased AE that is greater than 2.5 to 5 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 2 blood alkaline phosphatase increased AE CTCAE: E12084 a blood alkaline phosphatase increased AE that is greater than 5 to 20 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 3 blood alkaline phosphatase increased AE CTCAE: E12085 a blood alkaline phosphatase increased AE that is greater than 20 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 4 blood alkaline phosphatase increased AE CTCAE: E12086 a blood amylase level increased AE that is greater than the upper limit of normal - 1.5 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 1 blood amylase level increased AE CTCAE: E12213 a blood amylase level increased AE that is greater than 1.5 - 2.0 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 2 blood amylase level increased AE CTCAE: E12214 a blood amylase level increased AE that is greater than 2.0 - 5.0 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 3 blood amylase level increased AE CTCAE: E12215 a blood amylase level increased AE that is greater than 5.0 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 4 blood amylase level increased AE CTCAE: E12216 a blood bilirubin level increased AE that is greater than the upper limit of normal to 1.5 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 1 blood bilirubin level increased AE CTCAE: E12097 a blood bilirubin level increased AE that is greater than 1.5 to 3 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 2 blood bilirubin level increased AE CTCAE: E12098 a blood bilirubin level increased AEgreater than3.0 - 10.0 x upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 3 blood bilirubin level increased AE CTCAE: E12099 a blood bilirubin level increased AE that is greater than 10 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 4 blood bilirubin level increased AE CTCAE: E12100 a blood cholesterol increased AE that is greater than the upper limit of normal to 300 mg/dL; greater than the upper limit of normal to 7.75 mmol/L MW, YH Grade 1 blood cholesterol increased AE CTCAE: E12128 a blood cholesterol increased AE that is greater than 300 - 400 mg/dL; greater than 7.75 - 10.34 mmol/L MW, YH Grade 2 blood cholesterol increased AE CTCAE: E12129 a blood cholesterol increased AE that is greater than 400 - 500 mg/dL; greater than 10.34 - 12.92 mmol/L MW, YH Grade 3 blood cholesterol increased AE CTCAE: E12130 a blood cholesterol increased AE that is greater than 500 mg/dL; greater than 12.92 mmol/L MW, YH Grade 4 blood cholesterol increased AE CTCAE: E12131 a blood creatinine level increased AE that is greater than 1 - 1.5 times the baseline; greater than the upper limit of normal - 1.5 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 1 blood creatinine level increased AE CTCAE: E12138 a blood creatinine level increased AE that is greater than 1.5 - 3.0 times the baseline; greater than 1.5 - 3.0 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 2 blood creatinine level increased AE CTCAE: E12139 a blood creatinine level increased AE that is greater than 3.0 times the baseline; greater than 3.0 - 6.0 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 3 blood creatinine level increased AE CTCAE: E12140 a blood creatinine level increased AE that is greater than 6.0 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 4 blood creatinine level increased AE CTCAE: E12141 a bone marrow depression AE categorized as mildly hypocellular or less than or equal to 25% reduction from normal cellularity for age MW, YH Grade 1 bone marrow depression AE CTCAE: E10023 a bone marrow depression AE categorized as moderately hypocellular or greater than 25 to less than 50% reduction from normal cellularity for age MW, YH Grade 2 bone marrow depression AE CTCAE: E10024 a bone marrow depression AE cateogirzed as severely hypocellular or greater than 50 to less than or equal to 75% reduction cellularity from normal for age MW, YH Grade 3 bone marrow depression AE CTCAE: E10025 a bone marrow depression AE categorized as aplastic persistent for longer than 2 weeks MW, YH Grade 4 bone marrow depression AE CTCAE: E10026 a breast infection AE that has local infection with moderate symptoms; oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 breast infection AE CTCAE: E11319 a breast infection AE that has severe infection; axillary adenitis; IV antibacterial, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 breast infection AE CTCAE: E11320 a cardiac failure AE that is asymptomatic with laboratory (e.g., BNP [B-Natriuretic Peptide ]) or cardiac imaging abnormalities MW, YH Grade 1 cardiac failure AE CTCAE: E10125 a cardiac failure AE that has symptoms with mild to moderate activity or exertion MW, YH Grade 2 cardiac failure AE CTCAE: E10126 a cardiac failure AE that has severe with symptoms at rest or with minimal activity or exertion; intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 cardiac failure AE CTCAE: E10127 a cardiac failure AE that has life-threatening consequences; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., continuous IV therapy or mechanical hemodynamic support) MW, YH Grade 4 cardiac failure AE CTCAE: E10128 a cataract AE that is symptomatic; moderate decrease in visual acuity (20/40 or better) MW, YH Grade 2 cataract AE CTCAE: E10352 a cataract AE that is symptomatic with marked decrease in visual acuity (worse than 20/40 but better than 20/200); operative intervention indicated (e.g., cataract surgery) MW, YH Grade 3 cataract AE CTCAE: E10353 a cataract AE that is characterized by blindness (20/200 or worse) in the affected eye MW, YH Grade 4 cataract AE CTCAE: E10354 a catheter related infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated; oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 catheter related infection AE CTCAE: E11329 a catheter related infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 catheter related infection AE CTCAE: E11330 a colitis AE that has abdominal pain; mucus or blood in stool MW, YH Grade 2 colitis AE CTCAE: E10523 a colitis AE that has severe abdominal pain; change in bowel habits; medical intervention indicated; peritoneal signs MW, YH Grade 3 colitis AE CTCAE: E10524 a cytokine release syndrome AE that has a mild reaction; infusion interruption not indicated; intervention not indicated MW, YH Grade 1 cytokine release syndrome AE CTCAE: E11265 a cytokine release syndrome AE where therapy or infusion interruption indicated but responds promptly to symptomatic treatment (e.g., antihistamines, NSAIDS, narcotics, IV fluids); prophylactic medications indicated for less than or equal to 24 hrs MW, YH Grade 2 cytokine release syndrome AE CTCAE: E11266 a cytokine release syndrome AEthat is prolonged (e.g., not rapidly responsive to symptomatic medication and/or brief interruption of infusion); recurrence of symptoms following initial improvement; hospitalization indicated for clinical sequelae (e.g., renal impairment, pulmonary infiltrates) MW, YH Grade 3 cytokine release syndrome AE CTCAE: E11267 a dental caries AE that has one or more dental caries, not involving the root MW, YH Grade 1 dental caries AE CTCAE: E10569 a dental caries AE that has dental caries involving the root MW, YH Grade 2 dental caries AE CTCAE: E10570 a dental caries AE that has dental caries resulting in pulpitis or periapical abscess or resulting in tooth loss MW, YH Grade 3 dental caries AE CTCAE: E10571 a device related infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 device related infection AE CTCAE: E11357 a disseminated intravascular coagulation AE that has laboratory findings with no bleeding MW, YH Grade 2 disseminated intravascular coagulation AE CTCAE: E10029 a disseminated intravascular coagulation AE that has laboratory findings and bleeding MW, YH Grade 3 disseminated intravascular coagulation AE CTCAE: E10030 an ejection fraction decreased AE where the resting ejection fraction (EF) 50 - 40%; 10 - 19% drop from baseline MW, YH Grade 2 ejection fraction decreased AE CTCAE: E12143 an ejection fraction decreased AE where the resting ejection fraction (EF) 39 - 20%; greater than 20% drop from baseline MW, YH Grade 3 ejection fraction decreased AE CTCAE: E12144 an ejection fraction decreased AE where the resting ejection fraction (EF) less than 20% MW, YH Grade 4 ejection fraction decreased AE CTCAE: E12145 an electrocardiogram qt prolonged AE where the QTc 450 - 480 ms MW, YH Grade 1 electrocardiogram qt prolonged AE CTCAE: E12147 an electrocardiogram qt prolonged AE where the QTc 481 - 500 ms MW, YH Grade 2 electrocardiogram qt prolonged AE CTCAE: E12148 an electrocardiogram qt prolonged AE where the QTc is greater than or equal to 501 ms on at least two separate ECGs MW, YH Grade 3 electrocardiogram qt prolonged AE CTCAE: E12149 an electrocardiogram qt prolonged AE where the QTc is greater than or equal to 501 or greater than 60 ms change from baseline and Torsade de pointes or polymorphic ventricular tachycardia or signs/symptoms of serious arrhythmia MW, YH Grade 4 electrocardiogram qt prolonged AE CTCAE: E12150 an enterocolitis AE that has abdominal pain; mucus or blood in stool MW, YH Grade 2 enterocolitis AE CTCAE: E10629 an enterocolitis AE that has severe or persistent abdominal pain; fever; ileus; peritoneal signs MW, YH Grade 3 enterocolitis AE CTCAE: E10630 a fall AE that is minor with no resultant injuries; intervention not indicated MW, YH Grade 1 fall AE CTCAE: E11688 a fall AE where hospitalization indicated MW, YH Grade 3 fall AE CTCAE: E11690 a febrile neutropenia AE categorized as anC less than 1000/mm3 with a single temperature of greater than 38.3 degrees C (101 degrees F) or a sustained temperature of greater than or equal to 38 degrees C (100.4 degrees F) for more than one hour. MW, YH Grade 3 febrile neutropenia AE CTCAE: E10034 a forced expiratory volume decreased AE where FEV1% (percentages of observed FEV1 and FVC related to their respective predicted values) 99 - 70% predicted MW, YH Grade 1 forced expiratory volume decreased AE CTCAE: E12157 a forced expiratory volume decreased AE where FEV1 60 - 69% MW, YH Grade 2 forced expiratory volume decreased AE CTCAE: E12158 a forced expiratory volume decreased AE where FEV1 50 - 59% MW, YH Grade 3 forced expiratory volume decreased AE CTCAE: E12159 a forced expiratory volume decreased AE where FEV1 is less than or equal to 49% MW, YH Grade 4 forced expiratory volume decreased AE CTCAE: E12160 a fracture AE that is symptomatic but non-displaced; immobilization indicated MW, YH Grade 2 fracture AE CTCAE: E11705 a fracture AE that has severe symptoms; displaced or open wound with bone exposure; disabling; operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 fracture AE CTCAE: E11706 a gamma-glutamyltransferase level increased AE that is greater than the upper limit of normal - 2.5 times upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 1 gamma-glutamyltransferase level increased AE CTCAE: E12162 a gamma-glutamyltransferase level increased AE that is greater than 2.5 - 5.0 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 2 gamma-glutamyltransferase level increased AE CTCAE: E12163 a gamma-glutamyltransferase level increased AE that is greater than 5.0 - 20.0 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 3 gamma-glutamyltransferase level increased AE CTCAE: E12164 a gamma-glutamyltransferase level increased AE that is greater than 20.0 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 4 gamma-glutamyltransferase level increased AE CTCAE: E12165 a gastric ulcer AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function; medical intervention indicated; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 gastric ulcer AE CTCAE: E10729 a gastric ulcer AE that has severely altered GI function; TPN indicated; elective operative or endoscopic intervention indicated; limiting self care activities of daily living; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 gastric ulcer AE CTCAE: E10730 a gastritis AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function; medical intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 2 gastritis AE CTCAE: E10735 a gastritis AE that has severely altered eating or gastric function; TPN or hospitalization indicated MW, YH Grade 3 gastritis AE CTCAE: E10736 a hemolytic uremic syndrome AE that has evidence of RBC destruction (schistocytosis) without clinical consequences MW, YH Grade 1 hemolytic uremic syndrome AE CTCAE: E10044 a hemolytic uremic syndrome AE that has laboratory findings with clinical consequences (e.g., renal insufficiency, petechiae) MW, YH Grade 3 hemolytic uremic syndrome AE CTCAE: E10045 a hemolytic uremic syndrome AE that has life-threatening consequences, (e.g., CNS hemorrhage or thrombosis/embolism or renal failure) MW, YH Grade 4 hemolytic uremic syndrome AE CTCAE: E10046 a hemorrhoidal hemorrhage AE where transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 hemorrhoidal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10770 a hepatic failure AE that has asterixis; mild encephalopathy; limiting self care activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 3 hepatic failure AE CTCAE: E11212 a hepatic failure AE that has moderate to severe encephalopathy; coma; life-threatening consequences MW, YH Grade 4 hepatic failure AE CTCAE: E11213 a hepatitis viral AE that has symptomatic liver dysfunction; fibrosis by biopsy; compensated cirrhosis; reactivation of chronic hepatitis MW, YH Grade 3 hepatitis viral AE CTCAE: E11412 a hepatitis viral AE that has decompensated liver function (e.g., ascites, coagulopathy, encephalopathy, coma) MW, YH Grade 4 hepatitis viral AE CTCAE: E11413 an ileus AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function; bowel rest indicated MW, YH Grade 2 ileus AE CTCAE: E10813 an ileus AE that has severely altered GI function; TPN indicated MW, YH Grade 3 ileus AE CTCAE: E10814 an infusion related reaction AE that has mild transient reaction; infusion interruption not indicated; intervention not indicated MW, YH Grade 1 infusion related reaction AE CTCAE: E11128 an infusion related reaction AE where therapy or infusion interruption indicated but responds promptly to symptomatic treatment (e.g., antihistamines, NSAIDS, narcotics, IV fluids); prophylactic medications indicated for less than or equal to 24 hrs MW, YH Grade 2 infusion related reaction AE CTCAE: E11129 an infusion related reaction AE that is prolonged (e.g., not rapidly responsive to symptomatic medication and/or brief interruption of infusion); recurrence of symptoms following initial improvement; hospitalization indicated for clinical sequelae MW, YH Grade 3 infusion related reaction AE CTCAE: E11130 an infusion site extravasation AE that has erythema with associated symptoms (e.g., edema, pain, induration, phlebitis) MW, YH Grade 2 infusion site extravasation AE CTCAE: E11134 an infusion site extravasation AE that has ulceration or necrosis; severe tissue damage; operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 infusion site extravasation AE CTCAE: E11135 an irritability AE that has mild; easily consolable MW, YH Grade 1 irritability AE CTCAE: E11145 an irritability AE that has moderate; limiting instrumental activities of daily living; increased attention indicated MW, YH Grade 2 irritability AE CTCAE: E11146 an irritability AE that has severe abnormal or excessive response; limiting self care activities of daily living; inconsolable MW, YH Grade 3 irritability AE CTCAE: E11147 a left ventricular dysfunction AE that has symptomatic due to drop in ejection fraction responsive to intervention MW, YH Grade 3 left venticular systolic dysfuction AE CTCAE: E10131 a left ventricular dysfunction AE chracterized as refractory or poorly controlled heart failure due to drop in ejection fraction; intervention such as ventricular assist device, intravenous vasopressor support, or heart transplant indicated MW, YH Grade 4 left ventricular systolic dysfuction AE CTCAE: E10132 a lipase increased AE that is greater than the upper limit of normal - 1.5 times upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 1 lipase increased AE CTCAE: E12186 a lipase increased AE that is greater than 1.5 - 2.0 times upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 2 lipase increased AE CTCAE: E12187 a lipase increased AE that is greater than 2.0 - 5.0 times upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 3 lipase increased AE CTCAE: E12188 a lipase increased AE that is greater than 5.0 times upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 4 lipase increased AE CTCAE: E12189 a localized edema AE that has localized to dependent areas, no disability or functional impairment MW, YH Grade 1 localized edema AE CTCAE: E11149 a lung infection AE that has moderate symptoms; oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 lung infection AE CTCAE: E11445 a lung infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 lung infection AE CTCAE: E11446 a lymphocyte count decreased AE that is less than the lower limit of normal - 800/mm3; less than the lower limit of normal - 0.8 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 1 lymphocyte count decreased AE CTCAE: E12191 a lymphocyte count decreased AE that is less than 800 - 500/mm3; less than 0.8 - 0.5 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 2 lymphocyte count decreased AE CTCAE: E12192 a lymphocyte count decreased AE that is less than 500 - 200/mm3; less than 0.5 - 0.2 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 3 lymphocyte count decreased AE CTCAE: E12193 a lymphocyte count decreased AE that is less than 200/mm3; less than 0.2 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 4 lymphocyte count decreased AE CTCAE: E12194 a myocarditis AE that has asymptomatic with laboratory (e.g., BNP [B-Natriuretic Peptide ]) or cardiac imaging abnormalities MW, YH Grade 1 myocarditis AE CTCAE: E10158 a myocarditis AE that has symptoms with mild to moderate activity or exertion MW, YH Grade 2 myocarditis AE CTCAE: E10159 a myocarditis AE that has severe with symptoms at rest or with minimal activity or exertion; intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 myocarditis AE CTCAE: E10160 a myocarditis AE that has life-threatening consequences; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., continuous IV therapy or mechanical hemodynamic support) MW, YH Grade 4 myocarditis AE CTCAE: E10161 a neutrophil count decreased AE that is less than the lower limit of normal - 1500/mm3; less than the lower limit of normal - 1.5 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 1 neutrophil count decreased AE CTCAE: E12199 a neutrophil count decreased AE that is less than 1500 - 1000/mm3; less than 1.5 - 1.0 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 2 neutrophil count decreased AE CTCAE: E12200 a neutrophil count decreased AE that is less than 1000 - 500/mm3; less than 1.0 - 0.5 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 3 neutrophil count decreased AE CTCAE: E12201 a neutrophil count decreased AE that is less than 500/mm3; less than 0.5 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 4 neutrophil count decreased AE CTCAE: E12202 an esophageal stenosis AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 esophageal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10672 an esophageal stenosis AE that has severely altered GI function; tube feeding; hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 esophageal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10673 an esophagitis AE that is symptomatic; altered eating/swallowing; oral supplements indicated MW, YH Grade 2 esophagitis AE CTCAE: E10689 an esophagitis AE that has severely altered eating/swallowing; tube feeding, TPN or hospitalization indicated MW, YH Grade 3 esophagitis AE CTCAE: E10690 an oral cavity fistula AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 oral cavity fistula AE CTCAE: E10890 an oral cavity fistula AE that has severely altered GI function; TPN or hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 oral cavity fistula AE CTCAE: E10891 a papilloedema AE that has a symptomatic decline in vision; visual field defect present sparing the central 20 degrees MW, YH Grade 2 papilledema AE CTCAE: E10413 a papilloedema AE that has a marked visual field defect (worse than 20/40 but better than 20/200) MW, YH Grade 3 papilledema AE CTCAE: E10414 a papilloedema AE that has blindness (20/200 or worse) in the affected eye MW, YH Grade 4 papilledema AE CTCAE: E10415 a pericardial effusion AE that has asymptomatic effusion size small to moderate MW, YH Grade 2 pericardial effusion AE CTCAE: E10173 a pericardial effusion AE that has effusion with physiologic consequences MW, YH Grade 3 pericardial effusion AE CTCAE: E10174 a portal hypertension AE that has decreased portal vein flow MW, YH Grade 2 portal hypertension AE CTCAE: E11239 a portal hypertension AE that has reversal/retrograde portal vein flow; associated with varices and/or ascites MW, YH Grade 3 portal hypertension AE CTCAE: E11240 a dermatitis radiation AE that has faint erythema or dry desquamation MW, YH Grade 1 dermatitis radiation AE CTCAE: E11676 a dermatitis radiation AE that has moderate to brisk erythema; patchy moist desquamation, mostly confined to skin folds and creases; moderate edema MW, YH Grade 2 dermatitis radiation AE CTCAE: E11677 a dermatitis radiation AE that has moist desquamation in areas other than skin folds and creases; bleeding induced by minor trauma or abrasion MW, YH Grade 3 dermatitis radiation AE CTCAE: E11678 a dermatitis radiation AE that has life-threatening consequences; skin necrosis or ulceration of full thickness dermis; spontaneous bleeding from involved site; skin graft indicated MW, YH Grade 4 dermatitis radiation AE CTCAE: E11679 a rectal hemorrhage AE where transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 rectal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10958 a skin infection AE that is localized, local intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 1 skin infection AE CTCAE: E11569 a skin infection AE where oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 skin infection AE CTCAE: E11570 a skin infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 skin infection AE CTCAE: E11571 a small intestinal obstruction AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 small intestinal obstruction AE CTCAE: E11023 a small intestinal stenosis AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 small intestinal stenosis AE CTCAE: E11034 a small intestinal stenosis AE that is symptomatic and severely altered GI function; tube feeding, TPN or hospitalization indicated; non-emergent operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 small intestinal stenosis AE CTCAE: E11035 a soft tissue infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 soft tissue infection AE CTCAE: E11580 a soft tissue infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 soft tissue infection AE CTCAE: E11581 a gastric hemorrhage AE where transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 gastric hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10709 a tracheitis AE that has moderate symptoms; oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 tracheitis AE CTCAE: E11600 a tracheitis AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 tracheitis AE CTCAE: E11601 an upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage AE where transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E11065 a urine output decreased AE that has oliguria (less than 80 ml in 8 hr) MW, YH Grade 3 urine output decreased AE CTCAE: E12218 a urine output decreased AE that has anuria (less than 240 ml in 24 hr) MW, YH Grade 4 urine output decreased AE CTCAE: E12219 a vaginal infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 vaginal infection AE CTCAE: E11625 a vaginal infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 vaginal infection AE CTCAE: E11626 a venous injury AE that is symptomatic (e.g., claudication); repair or revision not indicated MW, YH Grade 2 venous injury AE CTCAE: E12053 a venous injury AE that has severe symptoms; limiting self care activities of daily living; repair or revision indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 venous injury AE CTCAE: E12054 a venous injury AE that has life-threatening consequences; evidence of end organ damage; urgent operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 4 venous injury AE CTCAE: E12055 a weight increased AE that is 5 - less than 10% from baseline MW, YH Grade 1 weight increased AE CTCAE: E12225 a weight increased AE that is 10 - less than 20% from baseline MW, YH Grade 2 weight increased AE CTCAE: E12226 a weight increased AE that is greater than or equal to 20% from baseline MW, YH Grade 3 weight increased AE CTCAE: E12227 a wolff-parkinson-white syndrome AE that is symptomatic and incompletely controlled medically or controlled with procedure MW, YH Grade 3 Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrom AE CTCAE: E10247 a wound complication AE that has incisional separation of less than or equal to 25% of wound, no deeper than superficial fascia MW, YH Grade 1 wound complication AE CTCAE: E12058 a wound complication AE that has incisional separation greater than 25% of wound; local care indicated MW, YH Grade 2 wound complication AE CTCAE: E12059 a wound complication AE that has hernia without evidence of strangulation; fascial disruption/dehiscence; primary wound closure or revision by operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 wound complication AE CTCAE: E12060 a wound complication AE that has hernia with evidence of strangulation; major reconstruction flap, grafting, resection, or amputation indicated MW, YH Grade 4 wound complication AE CTCAE: E12061 a wound dehiscence AE that has incisional separation of less than or equal to 25% of wound, no deeper than superficial fascia MW, YH Grade 1 wound dehiscence AE CTCAE: E12064 a wound dehiscence AE that has incisional separation greater than 25% of wound with local care; asymptomatic hernia or symptomatic hernia without evidence of strangulation MW, YH Grade 2 wound dehiscence AE CTCAE: E12065 a wound dehiscence AE that has fascial disruption or dehiscence without evisceration; primary wound closure or revision by operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 wound dehiscence AE CTCAE: E12066 a wound dehiscence AE that has life-threatening consequences; symptomatic hernia with evidence of strangulation; fascial disruption with evisceration; major reconstruction flap, grafting, resection, or amputation indicated MW, YH Grade 4 wound dehiscence AE CTCAE: E12067 a multi-organ failure AE chracterized by shock with azotemia and acid-base disturbances; significant coagulation abnormalities MW, YH Grade 3 multi-organ failure AE CTCAE: E11156 a multi-organ failure AE that has life-threatening consequences (e.g., vasopressor dependent and oliguric or anuric or ischemic colitis or lactic acidosis) MW, YH Grade 4 multi-organ failure AE CTCAE: E11157 a restrictive cardiomyopathy AE that has symptomatic heart failure or other cardiac symptoms, responsive to intervention MW, YH Grade 3 restrictive cardiomyopathy AE CTCAE: E10193 a restrictive cardiomyopathy AE that has refractory heart failure or other poorly controlled cardiac symptoms MW, YH Grade 4 restrictive cardiomyopathy AE CTCAE: E10194 a complete atrioventricular block AE that has symptomatic and incompletely controlled medically, or controlled with device (e.g., pacemaker) MW, YH Grade 3 atrioventricular block complete AE CTCAE: E10095 a Mobitz type I block AE that has symptomatic and incompletely controlled medically, or controlled with device (e.g., pacemaker) MW, YH Grade 3 Mobitz type I block AE CTCAE: E10149 a Mobitz type II block AE that has symptomatic and incompletely controlled medically, or controlled with device (e.g., pacemaker) MW, YH Grade 3 Mobitz type II atrioventricular block AE CTCAE: E10143 a hemoglobin level increased AE where the increase is greater than 0 - 2 gm/dL above upper limit of normal or above baseline if baseline is above upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 1 hemoglobin level increased AE CTCAE: E12172 a hemoglobin level increased AE where the increase is greater than 2 - 4 gm/dL above the upper limit of normal or above baseline if baseline is above upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 2 hemoglobin level increased AE CTCAE: E12173 a hemoglobin level increased AE where the increase is greater than 4 gm/dL above the upper limit of normal or above baseline if baseline is above upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 3 hemoglobin level increased AE CTCAE: E12174 a right ventricular dysfunction AE that has asymptomatic with laboratory (e.g., BNP [B-Natriuretic Peptide ]) or cardiac imaging abnormalities MW, YH Grade 1 right ventricular dysfuction AE CTCAE: E10197 a right ventricular dysfunction AE that has symptoms with mild to moderate activity or exertion MW, YH Grade 2 right ventricular dysfuction AE CTCAE: E10198 a right ventricular dysfunction AE that has severe symptoms, associated with hypoxemia, right heart failure; oxygen indicated MW, YH Grade 3 right ventricular dysfuction AE CTCAE: E10199 a right ventricular dysfunction AE that has life-threatening consequences; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., ventricular assist device); heart transplant indicated MW, YH Grade 4 right ventricular dysfunction AE CTCAE: E10200 a Intraoperative hemorrhage AE where postoperative radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E11811 an uveitis AE that has anterior uveitis; medical intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 2 uveitis AE CTCAE: E10444 an uveitis AE that has posterior or pan-uveitis MW, YH Grade 3 uveitis AE CTCAE: E10445 an uveitis AE that has blindness (20/200 or worse) in the affected eye MW, YH Grade 4 uveitis AE CTCAE: E10446 a retinopathy AE that is symptomatic with moderate decrease in visual acuity (20/40 or better); limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 retinopathy AE CTCAE: E10434 a retinopathy AE that is symptomatic with marked decrease in visual acuity (worse than 20/40); disabling; limiting self care activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 3 retinopathy AE CTCAE: E10435 a retinopathy AE that has blindness (20/200 or worse) in the affected eye MW, YH Grade 4 retinopathy AE CTCAE: E10436 a hearing loss AE for adults enrolled on a Monitoring Program (on a 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 kHz audiogram): Threshold shift of 15 - 25 dB averaged at 2 contiguous test frequencies in at least one ear. Adults not enrolled in Monitoring Program: subjective change in hearing in the absence of documented hearing loss. Pediatric (on a 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 kHz audiogram): Threshold shift greater than20 dB at 8 kHz in at least one ear. MW, YH Grade 1 hearing loss AE CTCAE: E10277 a hearing loss AE for adults enrolled in Monitoring Program (on a 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 kHz audiogram): Threshold shift of greater than25 dB averaged at 2 contiguous test frequencies in at least one ear. Adults not enrolled in Monitoring Program: hearing loss but hearing aid or intervention not indicated; limiting instrumental activities of daily living. Pediatric (on a 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 kHz audiogram): Threshold shift greater than20 dB at 4 kHz and above in at least one ear. MW, YH Grade 2 hearing loss AE CTCAE: E10278 a hearing loss AE for adults enrolled in Monitoring Program (on a 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 kHz audiogram): Threshold shift of greater than25 dB averaged at 3 contiguous test frequencies in at least one ear; therapeutic intervention indicated. Adults not enrolled in Monitoring Program: hearing loss with hearing aid or intervention indicated; limiting self care activities of daily living. Pediatric (on a 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 kHz audiogram): hearing loss sufficient to indicate therapeutic intervention, including hearing aids; threshold shift greater than20 dB at 3 kHz and above in at least one ear; additional speech-language related services indicated. MW, YH Grade 3 hearing loss AE CTCAE: E10279 a hearing loss AE for adults: Decrease in hearing to profound bilateral loss (absolute threshold greater than80 dB HL at 2 kHz and above); non-servicable hearing. Pediatric: Audiologic indication for cochlear implant and additional speech-language related services indicated. MW, YH Grade 4 hearing loss AE CTCAE: E10280 a international normalized ratio increased AE that is greater than 1 - 1.5 times the upper limit of normal; greater than 1 - 1.5 times above baseline if on anticoagulation MW, YH Grade 1 international normalized ratio increased AE CTCAE: E12176 a international normalized ratio increased AE that is greater than 1.5 - 2.5 times the upper limit of normal; greater than 1.5 - 2.5 times above baseline if on anticoagulation MW, YH Grade 2 international normalized ratio increased AE CTCAE: E12177 a international normalized ratio increased AE that is greater than 2.5 times the upper limit of normal; greater than 2.5 times above baseline if on anticoagulation MW, YH Grade 3 international normalized ratio increased AE CTCAE: E12178 a fecal incontinence AE that has occasional use of pads required MW, YH Grade 1 fecal incontinence AE CTCAE: E10694 a fecal incontinence AE that has daily use of pads required MW, YH Grade 2 fecal incontinence AE CTCAE: E10695 a fecal incontinence AE that has severe symptoms; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 fecal incontinence AE CTCAE: E10696 a thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura AE that has evidence of RBC destruction (schistocytosis) without clinical consequences MW, YH Grade 1 thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura AE CTCAE: E10062 a thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura AE charaterized by laboratory findings with clinical consequences (e.g., renal insufficiency, petechiae) MW, YH Grade 3 thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura AE CTCAE: E10063 a thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura AE that has life-threatening consequences, (e.g., CNS hemorrhage or thrombosis/embolism or renal failure) MW, YH Grade 4 thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura AE CTCAE: E10064 a glaucoma AE that has elevated intraocular pressure (EIOP) with single topical agent for intervention; no visual field deficit MW, YH Grade 1 glaucoma AE CTCAE: E10393 a glaucoma AE that has elevated intraocular pressure causing early visual field deficits; multiple topical or oral agents indicated; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 glaucoma AE CTCAE: E10394 a glaucoma AE that has elevated intraocular pressure causing marked visual field deficits (e.g., involving both superior and inferior visual fields); operative intervention indicated; limiting self care activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 3 glaucoma AE CTCAE: E10395 a glaucoma AE that has blindness (20/200 or worse) in the affected eye MW, YH Grade 4 glaucoma AE CTCAE: E10396 an anaphylaxis AE that has symptomatic bronchospasm, with or without urticaria; parenteral intervention indicated; allergy-related edema/angioedema; hypotension MW, YH Grade 3 anaphylaxis AE CTCAE: E11255 a retinal detachment AE that has exudative and visual acuity 20/40 or better MW, YH Grade 2 retinal detachment AE CTCAE: E10422 a retinal detachment AE that has rhegmatogenous or exudative detachment; operative intervention indicated; decline in vision (worse than 20/40 but better than 20/200) MW, YH Grade 3 retinal detachment AE CTCAE: E10423 a retinal detachment AE that has blindness (20/200 or worse) in the affected eye MW, YH Grade 4 retinal detachment AE CTCAE: E10424 a hemolysis AE that has laboratory evidence of hemolysis only (e.g., direct antiglobulin test; DAT; Coombs'; schistocytes; decreased haptoglobin) MW, YH Grade 1 hemolysis AE CTCAE: E10038 a hemolysis AE that has evidence of hemolysis and greater than or equal to 2 gm decrease in hemoglobin. MW, YH Grade 2 hemolysis AE CTCAE: E10039 a hemolysis AE where transfusion or medical intervention is indicated (e.g., steroids) MW, YH Grade 3 hemolysis AE CTCAE: E10040 an anal fistula AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 anal fistula AE CTCAE: E10466 an anal fistula AE that has severely altered GI function; tube feeding, TPN or hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 anal fistula AE CTCAE: E10467 an atrial tachycardia AE where IV medication is indicated MW, YH Grade 3 atrial tachycardia AE CTCAE: E10169 an atrial tachycardia AE that has life-threatening consequences; incompletely controlled medically; cardioversion indicated MW, YH Grade 4 atrial tachycardia AE CTCAE: E10170 a cholecystitis AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 cholecystitis AE CTCAE: E11186 an autoimmune disorder AE that is asymptomatic; serologic or other evidence of autoimmune reaction, with normal organ function; intervention not indicated MW, YH Grade 1 autoimmune disorder AE CTCAE: E11259 an autoimmune disorder AE that has evidence of autoimmune reaction involving a non-essential organ or function (e.g., hypothyroidism) MW, YH Grade 2 autoimmune disorder AE CTCAE: E11260 an autoimmune disorder AE that has autoimmune reactions involving major organ (e.g., colitis, anemia, myocarditis, kidney) MW, YH Grade 3 autoimmune disorder AE CTCAE: E11261 a spleen disorder AE that has incidental findings (e.g., Howell-Jolly bodies); mild degree of thrombocytosis and leukocytosis MW, YH Grade 1 spleen disorder AE CTCAE: E10057 a spleen disorder AE when prophylactic antibiotics are indicated MW, YH Grade 2 spleen disorder AE CTCAE: E10058 a burn AE that requires medical intervention; minimal debridement indicated MW, YH Grade 2 burn AE CTCAE: E11671 a burn AE that requires moderate to major debridement or reconstruction indicated MW, YH Grade 3 burn AE CTCAE: E11672 a papulopustular rash AE that has papules and/or pustules covering less than 10% body surface area which may or may not be associated with symptoms of pruritus or tenderness MW, YH Grade 1 papulopustular rash AE CTCAE: E11492 a papulopustular rash AE that has papules and/or pustules covering 10-30% body surface area, which may or may not be associated with symptoms of pruritus or tenderness; associated with psychosocial impact; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 papulopustular rash AE CTCAE: E11493 a papulopustular rash AE that has papules and/or pustules covering greater than 30% body surface area, which may or may not be associated with symptoms of pruritus or tenderness; limiting self-care activities of daily living; associated with local superinfection with oral antibiotics indicated MW, YH Grade 3 papulopustular rash AE CTCAE: E11494 a papulopustular rash AE that has papules and/or pustules covering any % body surface area, which may or may not be associated with symptoms of pruritus or tenderness and are associated with extensive superinfection with IV antibiotics indicated; life-threatening consequences MW, YH Grade 4 papulopustular rash AE CTCAE: E11495 an acute coronary syndrome AE that has symptomatic, progressive angina; cardiac enzymes normal; hemodynamically stable MW, YH Grade 2 acute coronary syndrome AE CTCAE: E10067 an acute coronary syndrome AE that has symptomatic, unstable angina and/or acute myocardial infarction, cardiac enzymes abnormal, hemodynamically stable MW, YH Grade 3 acute coronary syndrome AE CTCAE: E10068 an acute coronary syndrome AE that has symptomatic, unstable angina and/or acute myocardial infarction, cardiac enzymes abnormal, hemodynamically unstable MW, YH Grade 4 acute coronary syndrome AE CTCAE: E10069 an aortic valve disease AE that has asymptomatic valvular thickening with or without mild valvular regurgitation or stenosis by imaging MW, YH Grade 1 aortic valve disease AE CTCAE: E10072 an aortic valve disease AE that has symptomatic; moderate regurgitation or stenosis by imaging MW, YH Grade 2 aortic valve disease AE CTCAE: E10073 an aortic valve disease AE that has symptomatic; severe regurgitation or stenosis by imaging; symptoms controlled with medical intervention MW, YH Grade 3 aortic valve disease AE CTCAE: E10074 an aortic valve disease AE that has life-threatening consequences; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., valve replacement, valvuloplasty) MW, YH Grade 4 aortic valve disease AE CTCAE: E10075 an asystole AE that has periods of asystole; non-urgent medical management indicated MW, YH Grade 1 asystole AE CTCAE: E10078 a constrictive pericarditis AE that has symptomatic heart failure or other cardiac symptoms, responsive to intervention MW, YH Grade 3 constrictive pericarditis AE CTCAE: E10121 a constrictive pericarditis AE that has refractory heart failure or other poorly controlled cardiac symptoms MW, YH Grade 4 constrictive pericarditis AE CTCAE: E10122 a mitral valve disease AE that has asymptomatic valvular thickening with or without mild valvular regurgitation or stenosis by imaging MW, YH Grade 1 mitral valve disease AE CTCAE: E10135 a mitral valve disease AE that has asymptomatic; moderate regurgitation or stenosis by imaging MW, YH Grade 2 mitral valve disease AE CTCAE: E10136 a mitral valve disease AE that has symptomatic; severe regurgitation or stenosis by imaging; symptoms controlled with medical intervention MW, YH Grade 3 mitral valve disease AE CTCAE: E10137 a mitral valve disease AE that has life-threatening consequences; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., valve replacement, valvuloplasty) MW, YH Grade 4 mitral valve disease AE CTCAE: E10138 a pulmonary valve disease AE that has asymptomatic valvular thickening with or without mild valvular regurgitation or stenosis by imaging MW, YH Grade 1 pulmonary valve disease AE CTCAE: E10187 a pulmonary valve disease AE that has asymptomatic; moderate regurgitation or stenosis by imaging MW, YH Grade 2 pulmonary valve disease AE CTCAE: E10188 a pulmonary valve disease AE that has symptomatic; severe regurgitation or stenosis by imaging; symptoms controlled with medical intervention MW, YH Grade 3 pulmonary valve disease AE CTCAE: E10189 a pulmonary valve disease AE that has life-threatening consequences; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., valve replacement, valvuloplasty) MW, YH Grade 4 pulmonary valve disease AE CTCAE: E10190 a tricuspid valve disease AE that has asymptomatic valvular thickening with or without mild valvular regurgitation or stenosis MW, YH Grade 1 tricuspid valve disease AE CTCAE: E10225 a tricuspid valve disease AE that is asymptomatic; moderate regurgitation or stenosis by imaging MW, YH Grade 2 tricuspid valve disease AE CTCAE: E10226 a tricuspid valve disease AE that is symptomatic; severe regurgitation or stenosis; symptoms controlled with medical intervention MW, YH Grade 3 tricuspid valve disease AE CTCAE: E10227 a tricuspid valve disease AE that has life-threatening consequences; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., valve replacement, valvuloplasty) MW, YH Grade 4 tricuspid valve disease AE CTCAE: E10228 an external ear inflammation AE that has external otitis with erythema or dry desquamation MW, YH Grade 1 external ear inflammation AE CTCAE: E10267 an external ear inflammation AE that has external otitis with moist desquamation, edema, enhanced cerumen or discharge; tympanic membrane perforation; tympanostomy MW, YH Grade 2 external ear inflammation AE CTCAE: E10268 an external ear inflammation AE that has external otitis with mastoiditis; stenosis or osteomyelitis; necrosis of soft tissue or bone MW, YH Grade 3 external ear inflammation AE CTCAE: E10269 an external ear inflammation AE where urgent operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 4 external ear inflammation AE CTCAE: E10270 a middle ear inflammation AE that has serous otitis MW, YH Grade 1 middle ear inflammation AE CTCAE: E10282 a middle ear inflammation AE that has serous otitis, medical intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 2 middle ear inflammation AE CTCAE: E10283 a middle ear inflammation AE that has mastoiditis; necrosis of canal soft tissue or bone MW, YH Grade 3 middle ear inflammation AE CTCAE: E10284 a delayed puberty AE that has no breast development by age 13 yrs for females; testes volume of <3 cc or no Tanner Stage 2 development by age 14.5 yrs for males MW, YH Grade 2 delayed puberty AE CTCAE: E10309 a delayed puberty AE that has no breast development by age 14 yrs for females; no increase in testes volume or no Tanner Stage 2 by age 16 yrs for males; hormone replacement indicated MW, YH Grade 3 delayed puberty AE CTCAE: E10310 a growth accelerated AE that has greater than or equal to +2 SD (standard deviation) above mid parental height or target height MW, YH Grade 2 growth accelerated AE CTCAE: E10318 a precocious puberty AE that has physical signs of puberty with no biochemical markers for females younger than 8 years and males younger than 9 years MW, YH Grade 1 precocious puberty AE CTCAE: E10341 a precocious puberty AE that has physical signs and biochemical markers of puberty for females younger than 8 years and males younger than 9 years MW, YH Grade 2 precocious puberty AE CTCAE: E10342 a corneal ulcer AE that has limiting self care activities of daily living declining vision (worse than 20/40 but better than 20/200) MW, YH Grade 3 corneal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10361 a corneal ulcer AE that has perforation or blindness (20/200 or worse) in the affected eye MW, YH Grade 4 corneal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10362 a dry eye AE that is asymptomatic; clinical or diagnostic observations only; mild symptoms relieved by lubricants MW, YH Grade 1 dry eye AE CTCAE: E10364 a dry eye AE that has a decrease in visual acuity (<20/40); limiting self care activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 3 dry eye AE CTCAE: E10366 a keratitis AE that has a decline in vision (worse than 20/40 but better than 20/200); limiting self care activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 3 keratitis AE CTCAE: E10399 a keratitis AE that has perforation or blindness (20/200 or worse) in the affected eye MW, YH Grade 4 keratitis AE CTCAE: E10400 a night blindness AE that has blindness (20/200 or worse) in the affected eye MW, YH Grade 4 night blindness AE CTCAE: E10405 an optic nerve disorder AE that has limiting vision of the affected eye (20/40 or better) MW, YH Grade 2 optic nerve disorder AE CTCAE: E10408 an optic nerve disorder AE that has limiting vision in the affected eye (worse than 20/40 but better than 20/200) MW, YH Grade 3 optic nerve disorder AE CTCAE: E10409 an optic nerve disorder AE that has blindness (20/200 or worse) in the affected eye MW, YH Grade 4 optic nerve disorder AE CTCAE: E10410 a retinal tear AE where laser therapy or pneumopexy indicated MW, YH Grade 2 retinal tear AE CTCAE: E10426 a retinal tear AE where vitroretinal surgical repair indicated MW, YH Grade 3 retinal tear AE CTCAE: E10427 a retinal tear AE that has blindness (20/200 or worse) in the affected eye MW, YH Grade 4 retinal tear AE CTCAE: E10428 a retinal vascular disorder AE where topical medication indicated MW, YH Grade 2 retinal vascular disorder AE CTCAE: E10430 a retinal vascular disorder AE where intravitreal medication; operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 retinal vascular disorder AE CTCAE: E10431 a scleral disorder AE that is symptomatic, limiting instrumental activities of daily living; moderate decrease in visual acuity (20/40 or better) MW, YH Grade 2 scleral disorder AE CTCAE: E10439 a scleral disorder AE that is symptomatic, limiting self care activities of daily living; marked decrease in visual acuity (worse than 20/40) MW, YH Grade 3 scleral disorder AE CTCAE: E10440 a scleral disorder AE that has blindness (20/200 or worse) in the affected eye MW, YH Grade 4 scleral disorder AE CTCAE: E10441 a vitreous hemorrhage AE that has limiting self care activities of daily living; vitrectomy indicated MW, YH Grade 3 vitreous hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10450 a vitreous hemorrhage AE that has blindness (20/200 or worse) in the affected eye MW, YH Grade 4 vitreous hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10451 an anal necrosis AE where TPN or hospitalization indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 anal necrosis AE CTCAE: E10483 an anal stenosis AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 anal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10492 an anal stenosis AE that is symptomatic and severely altered GI function; non-emergent operative intervention indicated; TPN or hospitalization indicated MW, YH Grade 3 anal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10493 a bloating AE that has no change in bowel function or oral intake MW, YH Grade 1 bloating AE CTCAE: E10509 a bloating AE that is symptomatic, decreased oral intake; change in bowel function MW, YH Grade 2 bloating AE CTCAE: E10510 a cecal hemorrhage AE that has moderate symptoms; medical intervention or minor cauterization indicated MW, YH Grade 2 cecal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10513 a cecal hemorrhage AE where transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 cecal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10514 a colonic fistula AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 colonic fistula AE CTCAE: E10529 a colonic fistula AE that has severely altered GI function; bowel rest, TPN or hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 colonic fistula AE CTCAE: E10530 a colonic hemorrhage AE where transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 colonic hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10536 a colonic obstruction AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 colonic obstruction AE CTCAE: E10541 a colonic ulcer AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 colonic ulcer AE CTCAE: E10558 a colonic ulcer AE that has severely altered GI function; TPN indicated; elective operative or endoscopic intervention indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 colonic ulcer AE CTCAE: E10559 a duodenal fistula AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 duodenal fistula AE CTCAE: E10584 a duodenal fistula AE that has severely altered GI function; tube feeding, TPN or hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 duodenal fistula AE CTCAE: E10585 a duodenal hemorrhage AE where transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 duodenal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10591 a duodenal obstruction AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 duodenal obstruction AE CTCAE: E10596 a duodenal stenosis AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 duodenal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10607 a duodenal stenosis AE that has severely altered GI function; tube feeding; hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 duodenal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10608 an esophageal fistula AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 esophageal fistula AE CTCAE: E10641 an esophageal fistula AE that has severely altered GI function; tube feeding, TPN or hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 esophageal fistula AE CTCAE: E10642 an esophageal hemorrhage AE where transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 esophageal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10648 an esophageal necrosis AE that has inability to aliment adequately by GI tract; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 esophageal necrosis AE CTCAE: E10652 an esophageal obstruction AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 esophageal obstruction AE CTCAE: E10657 an esophageal ulcer AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 esophageal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10678 an esophageal ulcer AE that has severely altered GI function; TPN indicated; elective operative or endoscopic intervention indicated; limiting self care activities of daily living; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 esophageal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10679 an esophageal varices hemorrhage AE where transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 esophageal varices hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10684 a gastric fistula AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 gastric fistula AE CTCAE: E10702 a gastric fistula AE that has severely altered GI function; bowel rest; tube feeding, TPN or hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 gastric fistula AE CTCAE: E10703 a gastric necrosis AE that has inability to aliment adequately by GI tract; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 gastric necrosis AE CTCAE: E10713 a gastric stenosis AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 gastric stenosis AE CTCAE: E10723 a gastric stenosis AE that has severely altered GI function; tube feeding; hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 gastric stenosis AE CTCAE: E10724 a gastrointestinal fistula AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 gastrointestinal fistula AE CTCAE: E10751 a gastrointestinal fistula AE that has severely altered GI function; tube feeding, TPN or hospitalization indicated MW, YH Grade 3 gastrointestinal fistula AE CTCAE: E10752 a gastroparesis AE that has mild nausea, early satiety and bloating, able to maintain caloric intake on regular diet MW, YH Grade 1 gastroparesis AE CTCAE: E10760 a gastroparesis AE that has moderate symptoms; able to maintain nutrition with dietary and lifestyle modifications; may need pharmacologic intervention MW, YH Grade 2 gastroparesis AE CTCAE: E10761 a gastroparesis AE that has weight loss; refractory to medical intervention; unable to maintain nutrition orally MW, YH Grade 3 gastroparesis AE CTCAE: E10762 an ileal fistula AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 ileal fistula AE CTCAE: E10779 an ileal fistula AE that has severely altered GI function; TPN or hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 ileal fistula AE CTCAE: E10780 an ileal hemorrhage AE where transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 ileal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10786 an ileal obstruction AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 ileal obstruction AE CTCAE: E10791 an ileal stenosis AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 ileal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10802 an ileal stenosis AE that has severely altered GI function; tube feeding or hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 ileal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10803 an ileal ulcer AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 ileal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10808 an ileal ulcer AE that has severely altered GI function; TPN indicated; elective operative or endoscopic intervention indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 ileal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10809 an intra-abdominal hemorrhage AE where transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 intra-abdominal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10819 a jejunal fistula AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 jejunal fistula AE CTCAE: E10824 a jejunal fistula AE that has severely altered GI function; TPN or hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 jejunal fistula AE CTCAE: E10825 ajejunal hemorrhage AE where transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 jejunal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10831 a jejunal obstruction AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 jejunal obstruction AE CTCAE: E10836 a jejunal stenosis AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 jejunal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10847 a jejunal stenosis AE that has severely altered GI function; tube feeding or hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 jejunal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10848 a jejunal ulcer AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 jejunal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10853 a jejunal ulcer AE that has severely altered GI function; TPN indicated; elective operative or endoscopic intervention indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 jejunal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10854 a lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage AE where transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10864 a malabsorption AE where altered diet; oral intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 2 malabsorption AE CTCAE: E10868 a malabsorption AE that has inability to aliment adequately; TPN indicated MW, YH Grade 3 malabsorption AE CTCAE: E10869 an obstruction gastric AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 obstruction gastric AE CTCAE: E10884 an oral hemorrhage AE where transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 oral hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10901 a pancreatic duct stenosis AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 pancreatic duct stenosis AE CTCAE: E10910 a pancreatic duct stenosis AE that has severely altered GI function; tube feeding or hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 pancreatic duct stenosis AE CTCAE: E10911 a pancreatic fistula AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 pancreatic fistula AE CTCAE: E10916 a pancreatic fistula AE that has severely altered GI function; tube feeding or TPN or hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 pancreatic fistula AE CTCAE: E10917 a pancreatic hemorrhage AE where transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 pancreatic hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10923 a pancreatic necrosis AE where tube feeding or TPN indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 pancreatic necrosis AE CTCAE: E10927 a peritoneal necrosis AE where tube feeding or TPN indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 peritoneal necrosis AE CTCAE: E10940 a proctitis AE that has rectal discomfort, intervention not indicated MW, YH Grade 1 proctitis AE CTCAE: E10944 a proctitis AE that has symptoms (e.g., rectal discomfort, passing blood or mucus); medical intervention indicated; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 proctitis AE CTCAE: E10945 a proctitis AE that has severe symptoms; fecal urgency or stool incontinence; limiting self care activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 3 proctitis AE CTCAE: E10946 a rectal fistula AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 rectal fistula AE CTCAE: E10951 a rectal fistula AE that has severely altered GI function; TPN or hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 rectal fistula AE CTCAE: E10952 a rectal obstruction AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 rectal obstruction AE CTCAE: E10973 a rectal stenosis AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function MW, YH Grade 2 rectal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10988 a rectal stenosis AE that has severely altered GI function; tube feeding or hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 rectal stenosis AE CTCAE: E10989 a rectal ulcer AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function (e.g. altered dietary habits, vomiting, diarrhea) MW, YH Grade 2 rectal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10994 a rectal ulcer AE that has severely altered GI function; TPN indicated; elective operative or endoscopic intervention indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 rectal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10995 a retroperitoneal hemorrhage AE where transfusion, medical, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 retroperitoneal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E11000 a salivary gland fistula AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function; tube feeding indicated MW, YH Grade 2 salivary gland fistula AE CTCAE: E11011 a salivary gland fistula AE that has severely altered GI function; hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 salivary gland fistula AE CTCAE: E11012 a tooth discoloration AE that has surface stains MW, YH Grade 1 tooth discoloration AE CTCAE: E11053 an edema limbs AE that has 5 - 10% inter-limb discrepancy in volume or circumference at point of greatest visible difference; swelling or obscuration of anatomic architecture on close inspection MW, YH Grade 1 edema limbs AE CTCAE: E11087 an edema limbs AE that has more than 10 to 30% inter-limb discrepancy in volume or circumference at point of greatest visible difference; readily apparent obscuration of anatomic architecture; obliteration of skin folds; readily apparent deviation from normal anatomic contour; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 edema limbs AE CTCAE: E11088 an edema limbs AE that has more than 30% inter-limb discrepancy in volume; gross deviation from normal anatomic contour; limiting self care activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 3 edema limbs AE CTCAE: E11089 an edema trunk AE that has swelling or obscuration of anatomic architecture on close inspection MW, YH Grade 1 edema trunk AE CTCAE: E11091 an edema trunk AE that has readily apparent obscuration of anatomic architecture; obliteration of skin folds; readily apparent deviation from normal anatomic contour; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 edema trunk AE CTCAE: E11092 an edema trunk AE that has gross deviation from normal anatomic contour; limiting self care activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 3 edema trunk AE CTCAE: E11093 A neck edema AE that has moderate neck edema; slight obliteration of anatomic landmarks; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 neck edema AE CTCAE: E11161 a neck edema AE that has generalized neck edema (e.g., difficulty in turning neck); limiting self care activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 3 neck edema AE CTCAE: E11162 a bile duct stenosis AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function; IV fluids indicated <24 hrs MW, YH Grade 2 bile duct stenosis AE CTCAE: E11175 a bile duct stenosis AE that has severely altered GI function; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 bile duct stenosis AE CTCAE: E11176 a biliary fistula AE that has severely altered GI function; TPN indicated; endoscopic intervention indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 biliary fistula AE CTCAE: E11181 a gallbladder fistula AE that is symptomatic or severely altered GI function; TPN indicated; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 gallbladder fistula AE CTCAE: E11192 a gallbladder obstruction AE that is symptomatic; altered GI function; IV fluids indicated <24 hrs MW, YH Grade 2 gallbladder obstruction AE CTCAE: E11200 a gallbladder obstruction AE that is symptomatic and severely altered GI function; tube feeding, TPN or hospitalization indicated; non-emergent operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 gallbladder obstruction AE CTCAE: E11201 a hepatic hemorrhage AE where transfusion indicated MW, YH Grade 3 hepatic hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E11218 a perforation bile duct AE where radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 perforation bile duct AE CTCAE: E11235 an abdominal infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 abdominal infection AE CTCAE: E11283 an anorectal infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 1 anorectal infection AE CTCAE: E11287 an anorectal infection AE where oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 anorectal infection AE CTCAE: E11288 an anorectal infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 anorectal infection AE CTCAE: E11289 an appendicitis AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 appendicitis AE CTCAE: E11293 an arteritis infective AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 arteritis infective AE CTCAE: E11302 a biliary tract infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 biliary tract infection AE CTCAE: E11306 a bladder infection AE where oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 bladder infection AE CTCAE: E11310 a bladder infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 bladder infection AE CTCAE: E11311 a bone infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 bone infection AE CTCAE: E11315 a bronchial infection AE that has moderate symptoms; oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 bronchial infection AE CTCAE: E11324 a bronchial infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 bronchial infection AE CTCAE: E11325 a cecal infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 cecal infection AE CTCAE: E11334 a cervicitis infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 cervicitis infection AE CTCAE: E11338 a cervicitis infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 cervicitis infection AE CTCAE: E11339 a conjunctivitis infective AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 conjunctivitis infective AE CTCAE: E11343 a conjunctivitis infective AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 conjunctivitis infective AE CTCAE: E11344 a corneal infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 corneal infection AE CTCAE: E11348 a corneal infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 corneal infection AE CTCAE: E11349 a cranial nerve infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 cranial nerve infection AE CTCAE: E11353 a duodenal infection AE that has moderate symptoms; medical intervention indicated (e.g., oral antibiotics) MW, YH Grade 2 duodenal infection AE CTCAE: E11361 a duodenal infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 duodenal infection AE CTCAE: E11362 an encephalitis infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; severe changes in mental status; self-limited seizure activity; focal neurologic abnormalities MW, YH Grade 3 encephalitis infection AE CTCAE: E11366 an encephalomyelitis infection AE when IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 encephalomyelitis infection AE CTCAE: E11370 an endocarditis infective AE when IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 endocarditis infective AE CTCAE: E11374 an endophthalmitis AE that has blindness (20/200 or worse) MW, YH Grade 4 endophthalmitis AE CTCAE: E11380 an enterocolitis infectious AE that has the passage of more than 3 unformed stools per 24 hrs or duration of illness longer than 48 hrs; moderate abdominal pain MW, YH Grade 2 enterocolitis infectious AE CTCAE: E11382 an enterocolitis infectious AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated; profuse watery diarrhea with signs of hypovolemia; bloody diarrhea; fever; severe abdominal pain; hospitalization indicated MW, YH Grade 3 enterocolitis infectious AE CTCAE: E11383 an esophageal infection AE where local intervention indicated (e.g., oral antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 esophageal infection AE CTCAE: E11387 an esophageal infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 esophageal infection AE CTCAE: E11388 an eye infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 eye infection AE CTCAE: E11392 an eye infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 eye infection AE CTCAE: E11393 an eye infection AE that has life-threatening consequences; urgent intervention indicated; enucleation MW, YH Grade 4 eye infection AE CTCAE: E11394 a gallbladder infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 gallbladder infection AE CTCAE: E11397 a gum infection AE where local therapy indicated (swish and swallow) MW, YH Grade 1 gum infection AE CTCAE: E11401 a gum infection AE that has moderate symptoms; oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 gum infection AE CTCAE: E11402 a gum infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 gum infection AE CTCAE: E11403 a hepatic infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 hepatic infection AE CTCAE: E11407 a infective myositis AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 infective myositis AE CTCAE: E11422 a infective myositis AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 infective myositis AE CTCAE: E11423 a joint infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated; oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral); needle aspiration indicated (single or multiple) MW, YH Grade 2 joint infection AE CTCAE: E11427 a joint infection AE where arthroscopic intervention indicated (e.g., drainage) or arthrotomy (e.g., open surgical drainage) MW, YH Grade 3 joint infection AE CTCAE: E11428 a kidney infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 kidney infection AE CTCAE: E11432 a lip infection AE that is localized, local intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 1 lip infection AE CTCAE: E11441 a lip infection AE where oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 lip infection AE CTCAE: E11442 a lip infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 lip infection AE CTCAE: E11443 a lymph gland infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 lymph gland infection AE CTCAE: E11450 a lymph gland infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 lymph gland infection AE CTCAE: E11451 a mediastinal infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 mediastinal infection AE CTCAE: E11455 a mucosal infection AE that is localized, local intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 1 mucosal infection AE CTCAE: E11463 a mucosal infection AE where oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 mucosal infection AE CTCAE: E11464 a mucosal infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 mucosal infection AE CTCAE: E11465 a nail infection AE that is localized, local intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 1 nail infection AE CTCAE: E11469 a nail infection AE where oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 nail infection AE CTCAE: E11470 a nail infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 nail infection AE CTCAE: E11471 an otitis externa AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 otitis externa AE CTCAE: E11473 an otitis externa AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 otitis externa AE CTCAE: E11474 an ovarian infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 ovarian infection AE CTCAE: E11483 an ovarian infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 ovarian infection AE CTCAE: E11484 a pancreas infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 pancreas infection AE CTCAE: E11488 a paronychia AE that has nail fold edema or erythema; disruption of the cuticle MW, YH Grade 1 paronychia AE CTCAE: E11498 a paronychia AE where localized intervention indicated; oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral); nail fold edema or erythema with pain; associated with discharge or nail plate separation; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 paronychia AE CTCAE: E11499 a paronychia AE where surgical intervention or IV antibiotics indicated; limiting self care activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 3 paronychia AE CTCAE: E11500 a pelvic infection AE that has moderate symptoms; oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 pelvic infection AE CTCAE: E11502 a pelvic infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 pelvic infection AE CTCAE: E11503 a penile infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 penile infection AE CTCAE: E11507 a penile infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 penile infection AE CTCAE: E11508 a periorbital infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 periorbital infection AE CTCAE: E11512 a periorbital infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 periorbital infection AE CTCAE: E11513 a peripheral nerve infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 peripheral nerve infection AE CTCAE: E11517 a peripheral nerve infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 peripheral nerve infection AE CTCAE: E11518 a peritoneal infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 peritoneal infection AE CTCAE: E11522 a phlebitis infective AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 phlebitis infective AE CTCAE: E11531 a phlebitis infective AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 phlebitis infective AE CTCAE: E11532 a pleural infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 pleural infection AE CTCAE: E11536 a pleural infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 pleural infection AE CTCAE: E11537 a prostate infection AE that has moderate symptoms; oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 prostate infection AE CTCAE: E11541 a prostate infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 prostate infection AE CTCAE: E11542 a rhinitis infective AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 rhinitis infective AE CTCAE: E11549 a salivary gland infection AE that has moderate symptoms; oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 salivary gland infection AE CTCAE: E11551 a salivary gland infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 salivary gland infection AE CTCAE: E11552 a scrotal infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 scrotal infection AE CTCAE: E11556 a scrotal infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 scrotal infection AE CTCAE: E11557 a small intestine infection AE that has moderate symptoms; oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 small intestine infection AE CTCAE: E11575 a small intestine infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 small intestine infection AE CTCAE: E11576 a splenic infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 splenic infection AE CTCAE: E11585 a stoma site infection AE that is localized, local intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 1 stoma site infection AE CTCAE: E11589 a stoma site infection AE where oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 stoma site infection AE CTCAE: E11590 a stoma site infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 stoma site infection AE CTCAE: E11591 a tooth infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 tooth infection AE CTCAE: E11595 a tooth infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 tooth infection AE CTCAE: E11596 an upper respiratory infection AE that has moderate symptoms; oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 upper respiratory infection AE CTCAE: E11605 an upper respiratory infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 upper respiratory infection AE CTCAE: E11606 a urethral infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 urethral infection AE CTCAE: E11610 a urethral infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 urethral infection AE CTCAE: E11611 a uterine infection AE that has moderate symptoms; oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 uterine infection AE CTCAE: E11620 a uterine infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 uterine infection AE CTCAE: E11621 a vulval infection AE that is localized, local intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 1 vulval infection AE CTCAE: E11630 A vulval infection AE where oral intervention indicated (e.g., antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 vulval infection AE CTCAE: E11631 a vulval infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 vulval infection AE CTCAE: E11632 a wound infection AE that is localized; local intervention indicated (e.g., topical antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral) MW, YH Grade 2 wound infection AE CTCAE: E11636 a wound infection AE where IV antibiotic, antifungal, or antiviral intervention indicated; radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 wound infection AE CTCAE: E11637 an ankle fracture AE that is mild; non-surgical intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 1 ankle fracture AE CTCAE: E11641 an ankle fracture AE that is limiting instrumental activities of daily living; operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 2 ankle fracture AE CTCAE: E11642 an ankle fracture AE that is limiting self care activities of daily living; elective surgery indicated MW, YH Grade 3 ankle fracture AE CTCAE: E11643 an aortic injury AE that has severe symptoms; limiting self care activities of daily living; disabling; repair or revision indicated MW, YH Grade 3 aortic injury AE CTCAE: E11645 an aortic injury AE that has life-threatening consequences; evidence of end organ damage; urgent operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 4 aortic injury AE CTCAE: E11646 an arterial injury AE that is symptomatic (e.g., claudication); repair or revision not indicated MW, YH Grade 2 arterial injury AE CTCAE: E11650 an arterial injury AE that has severe symptoms; limiting self care activities of daily living; disabling; repair or revision indicated MW, YH Grade 3 arterial injury AE CTCAE: E11651 an arterial injury AE that has life-threatening consequences; evidence of end organ damage; urgent operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 4 arterial injury AE CTCAE: E11652 a biliary anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 biliary anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11657 a bladder anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 bladder anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11663 an esophageal anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 esophageal anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11684 a fallopian tube anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 fallopian tube anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11694 a fallopian tube perforation AE that has life-threatening consequences; urgent operative intervention indicated (e.g., organ resection) MW, YH Grade 4 fallopian tube perforation AE CTCAE: E11701 a gastric anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 gastric anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11712 a gastrointestinal anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 gastrointestinal anastomotic leak CTCAE: E11718 a gastrointestinal stoma necrosis AE that is a superficial necrosis; intervention not indicated MW, YH Grade 2 gastrointestinal stoma necrosis CTCAE: E11722 a hip fracture AE that has a hairline fracture; mild pain; limiting instrumental activities of daily living; non-surgical intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 2 hip fracture AE CTCAE: E11727 a hip fracture AE that has severe pain; hospitalization or intervention indicated for pain control (e.g., traction); operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 hip fracture AE CTCAE: E11728 a hip fracture AE that has life-threatening consequences; symptoms associated with neurovascular compromise MW, YH Grade 4 hip fracture AE CTCAE: E11729 an injury to carotid artery AE that has severe symptoms; limiting self care activities of daily living (e.g., transient cerebral ischemia); repair or revision indicated MW, YH Grade 3 injury to carotid artery AE CTCAE: E11731 an injury to jugular vein AE that is symptomatic limiting self care activities of daily living; disabling; repair or revision indicated MW, YH Grade 3 injury to jugular vein AE CTCAE: E11738 an injury to superior vena cava AE that has severe symptoms; limiting self care activities of daily living; disabling; repair or revision indicated MW, YH Grade 3 injury to superior vena cava AE CTCAE: E11744 a injury to superior vena cava AE that has life-threatening consequences; evidence of end organ damage; urgent operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 4 injury to superior vena cava AE CTCAE: E11745 an intestinal stoma leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 intestinal stoma leak AE CTCAE: E11756 an intestinal stoma leak AE that has severe symptoms; IV fluids, tube feeding, or TPN indicated greater than or equal to 24 hrs; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 intestinal stoma leak AE CTCAE: E11761 an intestinal stoma site bleeding AE that has minimal bleeding identified on clinical exam; intervention not indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intestinal stoma site bleeding AE CTCAE: E11765 an intestinal stoma site bleeding AE that has severe bleeding; transfusion indicated; radiologic or endoscopic intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 intestinal stoma site bleeding AE CTCAE: E11767 an intraoperative arterial injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intraoperative arterial injury AE CTCAE: E11771 an intraoperative arterial injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative arterial injury AE CTCAE: E11772 an intraoperative arterial injury AE where complete resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative arterial injury AE CTCAE: E11773 an intraoperative breast injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intraoperative breast injury AE CTCAE: E11777 an intraoperative breast injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative breast injury AE CTCAE: E11778 an intraoperative breast injury AE where complete resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative breast injury AE CTCAE: E11779 an intraoperative cardiac injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative cardiac injury AE CTCAE: E11783 an intraoperative ear injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intraoperative ear injury AE CTCAE: E11787 an intraoperative ear injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative ear injury AE CTCAE: E11788 an intraoperative ear injury AE where complete resection of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling (e.g., impaired hearing; impaired balance) MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative ear injury AE CTCAE: E11789 an intraoperative endocrine injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intraoperative endocrine injury AE CTCAE: E11793 an intraoperative endocrine injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative endocrine injury AE CTCAE: E11794 an intraoperative endocrine injury AE where complete resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative endocrine injury AE CTCAE: E11795 an intraoperative gastrointestinal injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intraoperative gastrointestinal injury AE CTCAE: E11799 an intraoperative gastrointestinal injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative gastrointestinal injury AE CTCAE: E11800 an intraoperative gastrointestinal injury AE where complete resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative gastrointestinal injury AE CTCAE: E11801 a lintraoperative head and neck injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 lintraoperative head and neck injury AE CTCAE: E11805 a lintraoperative head and neck injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 lintraoperative head and neck injury AE CTCAE: E11806 a lintraoperative head and neck injury AE where complete resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 lintraoperative head and neck injury AE CTCAE: E11807 an intraoperative hepatobiliary injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intraoperative hepatobiliary injury AE CTCAE: E11815 an intraoperative hepatobiliary injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative hepatobiliary injury AE CTCAE: E11816 an intraoperative hepatobiliary injury AE where complete resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative hepatobiliary injury AE CTCAE: E11817 an intraoperative musculoskeletal injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intraoperative musculoskeletal injury AE CTCAE: E11821 an intraoperative musculoskeletal injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative musculoskeletal injury AE CTCAE: E11822 an intraoperative musculoskeletal injury AE where complete resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative musculoskeletal injury AE CTCAE: E11823 an intraoperative neurological injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intraoperative neurological injury AE CTCAE: E11827 an intraoperative neurological injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative neurological injury AE CTCAE: E11828 an intraoperative neurological injury AE where complete resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative neurological injury AE CTCAE: E11829 an intraoperative ocular injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intraoperative ocular injury AE CTCAE: E11833 an intraoperative ocular injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative ocular injury AE CTCAE: E11834 an intraoperative ocular injury AE where complete resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative ocular injury AE CTCAE: E11835 an intraoperative renal injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intraoperative renal injury AE CTCAE: E11839 an intraoperative renal injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative renal injury AE CTCAE: E11840 an intraoperative renal injury AE where complete resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative renal injury AE CTCAE: E11841 an intraoperative reproductive tract injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intraoperative reproductive tract injury AE CTCAE: E11845 an intraoperative reproductive tract injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative reproductive tract injury AE CTCAE: E11846 an intraoperative reproductive tract injury AE where complete resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative reproductive tract injury AE CTCAE: E11847 an intraoperative respiratory injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intraoperative respiratory injury AE CTCAE: E11851 an intraoperative respiratory injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative respiratory injury AE CTCAE: E11852 an intraoperative respiratory injury AE where complete resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative respiratory injury AE CTCAE: E11853 an intraoperative skin injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intraoperative skin injury AE CTCAE: E11857 an intraoperative skin injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative skin injury AE CTCAE: E11858 an intraoperative skin injury AE where complete resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative skin injury AE CTCAE: E11859 an intraoperative splenic injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative splenic injury AE CTCAE: E11863 an intraoperative splenic injury AE where resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative splenic injury AE CTCAE: E11864 an intraoperative urinary injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intraoperative urinary injury AE CTCAE: E11868 an intraoperative urinary injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative urinary injury AE CTCAE: E11869 an intraoperative urinary injury AE where complete resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative urinary injury AE CTCAE: E11870 an intraoperative venous injury AE where primary repair of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 1 intraoperative venous injury AE CTCAE: E11874 an intraoperative venous injury AE where partial resection of injured organ/structure indicated MW, YH Grade 2 intraoperative venous injury AE CTCAE: E11875 an intraoperative venous injury AE where complete resection or reconstruction of injured organ/structure indicated; disabling MW, YH Grade 3 intraoperative venous injury AE CTCAE: E11876 a kidney anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 kidney anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11882 a large intestinal anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 large intestinal anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11888 a pancreatic anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 pancreatic anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11894 a pharyngeal anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 pharyngeal anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11900 a postoperative hemorrhage AE that has moderate bleeding; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 2 postoperative hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E11905 a postoperative hemorrhage AE where transfusion indicated of greather than or equal to 2 units (10 cc/kg for pediatrics) pRBCs beyond protocol specification; urgent radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 postoperative hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E11906 a postoperative thoracic procedure complication AE when the patient is extubated within 24 - 72 hrs postoperatively MW, YH Grade 2 postoperative thoracic procedure complication AE CTCAE: E11910 a postoperative thoracic procedure complication AE when the patient is extubated more than 72 hrs postoperatively, but before tracheostomy indicated MW, YH Grade 3 postoperative thoracic procedure complication AE CTCAE: E11911 a postoperative thoracic procedure complication AE that has life-threatening airway compromise; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., tracheotomy or intubation) MW, YH Grade 3 postoperative thoracic procedure complication AE CTCAE: E11912 a prolapse of intestinal stoma AE that is asymptomatic; reducible MW, YH Grade 1 prolapse of intestinal stoma AE CTCAE: E11915 a prolapse of intestinal stoma AE that is recurrent after manual reduction; local irritation or stool leakage; difficulty to fit appliance; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 prolapse of intestinal stoma AE CTCAE: E11916 a prolapse of urostomy AE treated with local care or maintenance; minor revision indicated MW, YH Grade 2 prolapse of urostomy AE CTCAE: E11922 a prolapse of urostomy AE that has dysfunctional stoma; elective operative intervention or major stomal revision indicated MW, YH Grade 3 prolapse of urostomy AE CTCAE: E11923 a radiation recall reaction (dermatologic) AE that has faint erythema or dry desquamation MW, YH Grade 1 radiation recall reaction (dermatologic) AE CTCAE: E11927 a radiation recall reaction (dermatologic) AE that has moderate to brisk erythema; patchy moist desquamation, mostly confined to skin folds and creases; moderate edema MW, YH Grade 2 radiation recall reaction (dermatologic) AE CTCAE: E11928 a radiation recall reaction (dermatologic) AE that has moist desquamation in areas other than skin folds and creases; bleeding induced by minor trauma or abrasion MW, YH Grade 3 radiation recall reaction (dermatologic) AE CTCAE: E11929 a radiation recall reaction (dermatologic) AE that has life-threatening consequences; skin necrosis or ulceration of full thickness dermis; spontaneous bleeding from involved site; skin graft indicated MW, YH Grade 4 radiation recall reaction (dermatologic) AE CTCAE: E11930 a rectal anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 rectal anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11935 a seroma AE that is symptomatic; simple aspiration indicated MW, YH Grade 2 seroma AE CTCAE: E11940 a seroma AE that is symptomatic, elective radiologic or operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 seroma AE CTCAE: E11941 a small intestinal anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 small intestinal anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11945 a spermatic cord anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 spermatic cord anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11951 a spinal fracture AE that has mild back pain; nonprescription analgesics indicated MW, YH Grade 1 spinal fracture AE CTCAE: E11955 a spinal fracture AE that has moderate back pain; prescription analgesics indicated; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 spinal fracture AE CTCAE: E11956 a spinal fracture AE that has severe back pain; hospitalization or intervention indicated for pain control (e.g., vertebroplasty); limiting self care activities of daily living; disability MW, YH Grade 3 spinal fracture AE CTCAE: E11957 a spinal fracture AE that has life-threatening consequences; symptoms associated with neurovascular compromise MW, YH Grade 4 spinal fracture AE CTCAE: E11958 a stenosis of gastrointestinal stoma AE that is symptomatic; IV fluids indicated <24 hrs; manual dilation at bedside MW, YH Grade 2 stenosis of gastrointestinal stoma AE CTCAE: E11961 a stenosis of gastrointestinal stoma AE that has severely altered GI function; tube feeding, TPN or hospitalization indicated; elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 stenosis of gastrointestinal stoma AE CTCAE: E11962 a tracheal hemorrhage AE that has severe bleeding; transfusion indicated; radiologic or endoscopic intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 tracheal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E11972 a tracheal obstruction AE that has partial asymptomatic obstruction on examination (e.g., visual, radiologic or endoscopic) MW, YH Grade 1 tracheal obstruction AE CTCAE: E11976 a tracheal obstruction AE that is symptomatic (e.g., noisy airway breathing), no respiratory distress; medical intervention indicated (e.g., steroids); limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 tracheal obstruction AE CTCAE: E11977 a tracheal obstruction AE that has stridor; radiologic or endoscopic intervention indicated (e.g., stent, laser); limiting self care activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 3 tracheal obstruction AE CTCAE: E11978 a tracheal obstruction AE that has life-threatening airway compromise; urgent intervention indicated (e.g., tracheotomy or intubation) MW, YH Grade 4 tracheal obstruction AE CTCAE: E11979 a tracheostomy site bleeding AE that has severe bleeding; transfusion indicated; radiologic or endoscopic intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 tracheostomy site bleeding AE CTCAE: E11984 an ureteric anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 ureteric anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E11990 an urethral anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 urethral anastomotic leak CTCAE: E11996 a urostomy leak AESevere symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 urostomy leak AE CTCAE: E12002 a urostomy obstruction AE that is symptomatic; dilation or endoscopic repair or stent placement indicated MW, YH Grade 2 urostomy obstruction AE CTCAE: E12007 a urostomy site bleeding AE that has severe bleeding; transfusion indicated; radiologic or endoscopic intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 urostomy site bleeding AE CTCAE: E12014 a urostomy stenosis AE that is symptomatic but no hydronephrosis, no sepsis or no renal dysfunction; dilation or endoscopic repair or stent placement indicated MW, YH Grade 2 urostomy stenosis AE CTCAE: E12018 a urostomy stenosis AE that is symptomatic (e.g., hydronephrosis, or renal dysfunction); elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 urostomy stenosis AE CTCAE: E12019 a uterine anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 uterine anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E12025 a vaginal anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 vaginal anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E12037 a vas deferens anastomotic leak AE that has severe symptoms; radiologic, endoscopic or elective operative intervention indicated MW, YH Grade 3 vas deferens anastomotic leak AE CTCAE: E12043 a vascular access complication AE that has device dislodgement, blockage, leak, or malposition; device replacement indicated MW, YH Grade 2 vascular access complication AE CTCAE: E12047 A vascular access complication AE that has deep vein or cardiac thrombosis; intervention indicated (e.g., anticoagulation, lysis, filter, invasive procedure) MW, YH Grade 3 vascular access complication AE CTCAE: E12048 a vascular access complication AE that has embolic event including pulmonary embolism or life-threatening thrombus MW, YH Grade 4 vascular access complication AE CTCAE: E12049 a blood antidiuretic hormone abnormal AE where hospitalization indicated MW, YH Grade 3 blood antidiuretic hormone abnormal AE CTCAE: E12095 a blood corticotrophin decreased AE where hospitalization indicated MW, YH Grade 3 blood corticotrophin decreased AE CTCAE: E12104 a carbon monoxide diffusing capacity decreased AE that is 3 - 5 units below lower limit of normal; for follow-up, a decrease of 3 - 5 units (ml/min/mm Hg) below the baseline value MW, YH Grade 1 carbon monoxide diffusing capacity decreased AE CTCAE: E12113 a carbon monoxide diffusing capacity decreased AE that is 6 - 8 units below lower limit of normal; for follow-up, an asymptomatic decrease of greater than 5 - 8 units (ml/min/mm Hg) below the baseline value MW, YH Grade 2 carbon monoxide diffusing capacity decreased AE CTCAE: E12114 a carbon monoxide diffusing capacity decreased AE that is an asymptomatic decrease of greater than 8 units drop; greater than 5 units drop along with the presence of pulmonary symptoms (e.g. , greater than Grade 2 hypoxia or greater than Grade 2 or higher dyspnea) MW, YH Grade 3 carbon monoxide diffusing capacity decreased AE CTCAE: E12115 a cardiac troponin I increased AE that has levels above the upper limit of normal and below the level of myocardial infarction as defined by the manufacturer MW, YH Grade 1 cardiac troponin I increased AE CTCAE: E12117 a cardiac troponin I increased AE that has levels consistent with myocardial infarction as defined by the manufacturer MW, YH Grade 3 cardiac troponin I increased AE CTCAE: E12118 a cardiac troponin T increased AE that has levels above the upper limit of normal and below the level of myocardial infarction as defined by the manufacturer MW, YH Grade 1 cardiac troponin T increased AE CTCAE: E12120 a cardiac troponin T increased AE that has levels consistent with myocardial infarction as defined by the manufacturer MW, YH Grade 3 cardiac troponin T increased AE CTCAE: E12121 a CD4 lymphocytes decreased AE that is less than the lower limit of normal to 500/mm3 or 0.5 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 1 CD4 lymphocytes decreased AE CTCAE: E12123 a CD4 lymphocytes decreased AE that is less than 500 - 200/mm3; less than 0.5 - 0.2 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 2 CD4 lymphocytes decreased AE CTCAE: E12124 a CD4 lymphocytes decreased AE that is less than 200 - 50/mm3; less than 0.2 x 0.05 - 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 3 CD4 lymphocytes decreased AE CTCAE: E12125 a CD4 lymphocytes decreased AE that is less than 50/mm3; less than 0.05 x 10e9 /L MW, YH Grade 4 CD4 lymphocytes decreased AE CTCAE: E12126 a CPK increased AE that is greater than the upper limit of normal to 2.5 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 1 CPK increased AE CTCAE: E12133 a CPK increased AE that is greater than 2.5 -5 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 2 CPK increased AE CTCAE: E12134 a CPK increased AE that is greater than 5 to 10 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 3 CPK increased AE CTCAE: E12135 a CPK increased AE that is greater than 10 times the upper limit of normal MW, YH Grade 4 CPK increased AE CTCAE: E12136 a fibrinogen decreased AE that is less than 1.0 - 0.75 times the lower limit of normal or less than 25% decrease from baseline MW, YH Grade 1 fibrinogen decreased AE CTCAE: E12152 a fibrinogen decreased AE that is less than 0.75 - 0.5 times the lower limit of normal or 25 - less than 50% decrease from baseline MW, YH Grade 2 fibrinogen decreased AE CTCAE: E12153 a fibrinogen decreased AE that is less than 0.5 - 0.25 times the lower limit of normal or 50 - less than 75% decrease from baseline MW, YH Grade 3 fibrinogen decreased AE CTCAE: E12154 a fibrinogen decreased AE that is less than 0.25 times the lower limit of normal or 75% decrease from baseline or absolute value less than 50 mg/dL MW, YH Grade 4 fibrinogen decreased AE CTCAE: E12155 a haptoglobin decreased AE that is less than the lower limit of normal MW, YH Grade 1 haptoglobin decreased AE CTCAE: E12170 a pancreatic enzymes decreased AE that is less than the lower limit of normal and asymptomatic MW, YH Grade 1 pancreatic enzymes decreased AE CTCAE: E12204 a pancreatic enzymes decreased AE that has an increase in stool frequency, bulk, or odor; steatorrhea MW, YH Grade 2 pancreatic enzymes decreased AE CTCAE: E12205 a pancreatic enzymes decreased AE that has sequelae of absorption deficiency MW, YH Grade 3 pancreatic enzymes decreased AE CTCAE: E12206 a vital capacity abnormal AE that has 90 - 75% of predicted value MW, YH Grade 1 vital capacity abnormal AE CTCAE: E12221 a vital capacity abnormal AE that is less than 75 - 50% of predicted value; limiting instrumental activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 2 vital capacity abnormal AE CTCAE: E12222 a vital capacity abnormal AE that is less than 50% of predicted value; limiting self care activities of daily living MW, YH Grade 3 vital capacity abnormal AE CTCAE: E12223 a seizure AE that occurs in a pregnant women that follows a preeclampsia. Such a seizure is not related to an existing brain condition. JS, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eclampsia WEB: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000899.htm 10014129 eclampsia AE a gastric disorder AE that shows the body under stress, causing acute erosion, bleeding and ulcers, stomach or duodenal mucosa damage collectively. The main clinical manifestations include upper gastrointestinal bleeding and a small perforation. QL, YH AGML AE WEB: http://medmantic.com/wiki/Acute_Gastric_Mucosal_Lesion 急性胃黏膜损害 10000753 acute gastric mucosal lesion AE a bowel sounds abnormal AE that shows an increased amount of bowel sounds. QL, YH WEB: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003137.htm hyperactive bowel sounds AE 肠鸣音亢进 10048720 bowel sounds increased AE UMLS CUI: C0232694 a bowel sounds abnormal AE that shows a decreased amount of bowel sounds. QL, YH WEB: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003137.htm hypoactive bowel sounds AE 肠鸣音减弱 bowel sounds decreased AE UMLS CUI: C0232695 a gastrointestinal disorder AE that shows an abnormal amount of bowel sounds. QL, YH WEB: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003137.htm 肠鸣音异常 bowel sounds abnormal AE UMLS CUI: C0159060 a bowel sounds abnormal AE that shows an cesssation of any bowel sounds. QL, YH WEB: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003137.htm 肠鸣音停止 肠鸣音消失 cessation of bowel sounds AE UMLS CUI: C0857330 a migraine AE which shows a migraine preceded or accompanied by sensory warning signs or symptoms, such as flashes of light, blind spots, or tingling in your hand or face. SJ, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/migraine-with-aura/basics/definition/con-20030404 10027607 migraine with aura AE a hearing disorder AE with an abnormally disproportionate increase in the sensation of loudness in response to auditory stimuli of normal volume QL, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperacusis 听觉过敏 10052526 hyperacusia AE a back pain AE that occurs at the low back QL, YH low back pain AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_back_pain 下背痛 腰痛 lumbago AE a paralysis AE which occurs in a single limb, usually an arm SJ, YH WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoplegia 10027926 monoplegia AE a behavior and neurological AE which results in abnormal, disturbed or impaired functioning of a muscle, nerve, or center that affects or produces movement SJ, YH WEB: http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/reference-entries/23076155/motor-dysfunction 10061296 motor dysfunction AE a discomfort AE that occurs at the musculoskeletal level and results in musculoskeletal pain that affects the bones, muscles, ligaments, tendons, and nerves SJ, YH musculoskeletal pain AE WEB: http://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases_conditions/hic_musculoskeletal_pain 10053156 musculoskeletal discomfort AE a musculoskeletal and connective tissue AE which results in a disease or abnormal condition of the musculoskeletal system SJ, YH 10048592 musculoskeletal disorder AE a urinary system AE which shows reduced excretion of urine SJ, YH WEB: http://c.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/oliguria 10030302 oliguria AE a hypotension AE that happens during a medical procedure SJ, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/low-blood-pressure/basics/definition/con-20032298 10062300 procedural hypotension AE a digestive system AE that occurs at esophagus YH, MW 食道副作用 esophagus AE a digestive system AE that occurs at anus YH, MW anus AE a digestive system AE that occurs at duodenum MW, YH duodenum AE QL, YH URL http://howshealth.com/kidney-pain-location-causes-symptoms-treatment/#percussion 肾区叩击痛 a renal pain AE that shows the pain in the kidney area identified by a percussion procedure. kidney area percussion pain AE a medical procedure by which a medical professional investigates the body of a patient for signs of disease. QL, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/annual-physical-examinations WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_examination 10071941 physical examination a physical test by which a surface is tapped to determine the underlying structure, and is used in clinical examinations to assess the condition of the thorax or abdomen. QL, YH percussion test WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percussion_(medicine) 10051720 percussion procedure a urine analysis result abnomal AE that shows cylindrical structures produced by the kidney and present in the urine. QL, YH urinary casts present AE WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cylindruria 管型尿 10011730 10067534 cylindruria AE a hepatitis AE that resutls in a hepatitis A viral infection. JX, YH hepatitis A AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_A 10019719 hepatitis A AE a connective tissue disorder AE that shows an inflammation of the fascia, the connective tissue surrounding muscles, blood vessels, and nerves. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasciitis 筋膜炎 10016228 fasciitis AE A tendon disorder AE that led to the formation of fibrous tissue in the tendon area JX, YH WEB: http://study.com/academy/lesson/fibrous-connective-tissue-function-types.html 10016662 fibrosis tendinous AE a fasciitis AE that shows an inflammation of the muscle fascia, the connective tissue surrounding muscles. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasciitis 肌筋膜炎 10052443 myofascitis AE an eye disorder AE that causes visual disturbance and interfere with normal sight. JX, YH WEB: http://www.healthline.com/symptom/visual-disturbance 10047543 visual disturbance AE a cognitive disturbance AE that has mild cognitive disability; not interfering with work/school/life performance; specialized educational services/devices not indicated MW, YH Grade 1 cognitive disturbance AE CTCAE: E12618 a cognitive disturbance AE that has moderate cognitive disability; interfering with work/school/life performance but capable of independent living; specialized resources on part time basis indicated MW, YH Grade 2 cognitive disturbance AE CTCAE: E12619 a cognitive disturbance AE that has severe cognitive disability; significant impairment of work/school/life performance MW, YH Grade 3 cognitive disturbance AE CTCAE: E12620 an abortion AE that results in a retention of dead products of conception in utero for more than 8 weeks. JX, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/missed+abortion 10000230 abortion missed AE an edema AE that has an outcome of swelling in the eye. JX, YH 10052139 eye edema AE Oral discomfort AE is a discomfort AE that shows an uncomfortable feeling in the oral. JX, YH 口腔不适 10030973 oral discomfort AE a female reproductive system AE that has an outcome of the presence of a fluid-filled sac within a patient's ovary. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovarian_cyst 10033132 ovarian cyst AE a female reproductive system AE that occurs in the placental area. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placental_disease 10035132 placental disorder AE an inflammation AE that occurs at the central nervous system. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_nervous_system_disease 中枢神经系统炎症 central nervous system inflammation AE a nervous system AE that has outcome of lesion in the area of central nervous system. JX, YH WEB: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/brain_lesions_lesions_on_the_brain/article_em.htm 10051290 central nervous system lesion AE a behavioral and neurological AE is characterized by motor coordination problems with daily activities. JX, YH WEB: http://www.healthline.com/symptom/clumsiness 10009696 clumsiness AE a behavioral and neurological AE is a deficiency in the ability to write, primarily handwriting, but also coherence. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysgraphia 10058319 dysgraphia AE a sensory neuropathy AE than is the medical term for a sensation that exactly resembles that of small insects crawling on (or under) the skin. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formication 10017062 formication AE a paresis AE that shows muscle weakness of the entire left or right side of the body. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemiparesis 轻偏瘫 10019465 hemiparesis AE an immunology and allergy investigation result abnormal AE that results in an increased level of an immunoglobulin. JX, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/immunoglobulins immunoglobulin increased AE a urinary system AE that shows abnormalities in the process of URINE voiding, including bladder control, frequency of URINATION, as well as the volume and composition of URINE. JX, YH WEB: http://sideeffects.embl.de/se/C0042035/pt 10027561 micturition disorder AE a muscle twitch AE that has an outcome of contractions involuntary of muscle. JX, YH 肌肉不自觉收缩 10028293 muscle contractions involuntary AE a nervous system AE that describes any neurologic deficit related to the spinal cord. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelopathy 脊髓病 10028570 myelopathy AE a optic neuritis AE that has outcome of optic neuritis in retrobulbar. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optic_neuritis 球后视神经炎 10030945 optic neuritis retrobulbar AE a eye AE that is an area of partial alteration in the field of vision consisting of a partially diminished or entirely degenerated visual acuity that is surrounded by a field of normal – or relatively well-preserved – vision. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotoma 暗点 10039729 scotoma AE A thyroiditis AE where the body interprets the thyroid glands and its hormone products T3, T4 and TSH as threats, therefore producing special antibodies that target the thyroid’s cells, thereby destroying it. JX, YH https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_thyroiditis 自我免疫性甲状腺炎 10049046 autoimmune thyroiditis AE a colitis AE that is a disease that causes inflammation and sores (ulcers) in the lining of the large intestine. JX, YH ulcerative colitis AE WEB: http://www.webmd.com/ibd-crohns-disease/ulcerative-colitis/ulcerative-colitis-topic-overview 溃疡性结肠炎 10009900 colitis ulcerative AE an abnormal stool AE that shows pale or clay-colored stool. JX, YH faeces pale AE WEB: http://www.healthline.com/symptom/pale-stools 大便苍白 10016102 feces pale AE a tumor AE that is a group of blood cell tumors that develop from lymphatic cells. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphoma 淋巴瘤 10025310 lymphoma AE a paresis AE that affects a single limb, usually an arm. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoplegia 单肢轻瘫 10027925 monoparesis AE a eye AE that refers to weakness (-paresis) or paralysis (-plegia) of one or more extraocular muscles which are responsible for eye movements. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophthalmoparesis 眼肌麻痹 10030875 ophthalmoplegia AE a eye AE that has outcome of slight differences in pupil size. JX, YH WEB: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003314.htm 瞳孔不等 10037538 pupils unequal AE quadriplegia AE is paralysis caused by illness or injury that results in the partial or total loss of use of all four limbs and torso. JX, YH Tetraplegia WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetraplegia 四肢麻痹 10037714 quadriplegia AE a CSF white blood cell count increased AE with more than the normal number of lymphocytes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). JX, YH 脑脊液细胞增多 10035551 pleocytosis AE a behavior and neurological AE that shows an decreased preformance JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance_status 体能下降 10048919 performance status decreased AE a skin AS that shows a mass at the skin. JX, YH skin tumor AE 10067868 skin mass AE an abnormal stool AE that shows an abnomal color in the feces. JX, YH faeces discoloured AE WEB: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/stool-colors-and-what-they-mean.html 10016100 feces discolored AE an investigation result abnormal AE that shows an abnormal ultrasound scan result. JX, YH WEB: http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ultrasound-scan/Pages/Introduction.aspx 10061606 ultrasound scan abnormal AE an injection site AE that shows some substance release from an injection site. JX, YH 10065600 injection site discharge AE a tumor AE that has an outcome of the presense of a mass that arises from the axillary. JX, YH WEB: http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/sym/axillary_mass.htm 腋窝肿块 10049021 axillary mass AE a behavioral and neurological AE that involves a slowing-down of thought and a reduction of physical movements in an individual. JX, YH motormental retardation AE psychomotor impairment AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychomotor_retardation 精神运动性阻滞 10037213 psychomotor retardation AE an abscess AE that occurs at an injection-site. Note that an abscess is a collection of pus that has built up within a tissue of the body. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abscess 10022044 injection site abscess AE an ulcer AE that occurs at an injection-site. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulcer 10022105 injection site ulcer AE a viral infection AE that is caused by a disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guerin bacterial infection. JX, YH disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guerin infection AE 10069636 disseminated BCG infection AE a paresis AE that shows a muscular weakness affecting all four extremities. JX, YH quadriparesis AE WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=91062 tetraparesis AE a menstrual disorder AE that shows an extremely light menstrual blood flow QL, YH hypomenorrhoea AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypomenorrhea 月经减少 10021032 hypomenorrhea AE a menstrual disorder AE that shows a menstrual period with abnormally heavy flow and falls under the larger category of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) QL, YH hypermenorrhea AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menorrhagia menorrhagia AE a male reproductive system AE in which spermatozoa in seminal fluid are dead or motionless QL, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necrospermia 死精 10074729 necrospermia AE MP: MP_0009325 a reproductive system AE that results in diminished ability to produce live offspring JX, LW, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infertility 生育能力下降 10042391 subfertility AE MP: MP_0001921 a reproductive system AE that results in an inability to conceive for at least one year after trying and having unprotected sex. QL, YH WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infertility/basics/definition/con-20034770 不孕不育 10021926 infertility AE MP: MP_0001921 an endocrine investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by a lower than normal level of estrogen, the primary sex hormone in women QL, YH estrogen deficiency AE hypoestrogenism AE WEB: http://www.md-health.com/Low-Estrogen.html WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoestrogenism 性激素水平下降 10015519 low estrogen level AE a hemorrhage AE that occurs at the uterus, but it is not related to menstruation. The irregular and unpredictable bleeding usually comes from a dysfunctional endometrium. QL, YH WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/257007-overview 功能性子宫出血 10013908 dysfunctional uterine bleeding AE MESH: D008796 a testicular disorder AE that has a loss of testicular volume QL, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testicular_atrophy 睾丸萎缩 10043298 testicular atrophy AE an aplastic anemia AE that results in the suppression of erythropoiesis with little or no abnormality of leukocyte or platelet production. QL, YH PRCA AE red-cell aplasia, pure WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/205695-overview 纯红再障性贫血 pure red cell aplasia AE MESH: D012010 a paralysis AE that shows an impairment in motor or sensory function of the lower extremities. YH, JX WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraplegia 10033892 paraplegia AE a cutaneous vasculitis AE that results in inflammation of small blood vessels, characterized clinically by palpable purpura, which is a slightly elevated purpuric rash over one or more areas of the kin. QL, YH WEB: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000874.htm 皮肤变应性血管炎 allergic cutaneous vasculitis AE DO: DOID_11450 a skin hyperpigmentation AE that shows the occurrence of pigmented patches on the tongue and buccal mucousmembranes. QL, YH WEB: http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=53725 皮肤黑斑病 melanoplakia AE SNOMEDCT: 84647002 an erythema AE that showns an erythematous eruption characterized by inflammatory nodules that are usually tender, multiple, and bilateral. Such a symptom is commonly associated with drug reactions or infection. QL, YH erythemanodosum AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythema_nodosum 结节性红斑 10015226 erythema nodosum AE HPO: HP_0012219 MeSH: D004893 a muscle spasm AE that occurs when the contraction of a spasm is sustained or continuing. Such a spasm is generally severe because is is often caused by diseases that affect the central nervous system or brain, such as tetanus, rabies, and cerebral palsy. QL, YH WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tonic+spasm 强直性痉挛 tonic spasm AE a menstrual disorder AE that results in frequent menses amd the menstrual cycles lasting less than 21 days. QL, YH 月经频繁 10070501 polymenorrhea AE HP: HP_0400007 a menstrual disorder AE that shows an outcome of a shortened time of menstrual period QL, YH short menstrual period AE WEB: http://www.everydayhealth.com/pms/short-periods.aspx 经期缩短 shortened menstrual period AE a menstrual disorder AE that shows an outcome of a prolonged duration of menstrual period QL, YH prolonged menstruation AE WEB: http://www.healthline.com/symptom/menstrual-irregularity 经期延长 prolonged menstrual period AE musculoskeletal stiffness AE that occurs at the neck and is typically characterized by soreness and difficulty moving the neck, especially when trying to turn the head to the side. QL, YH stiff neck AE WEB: http://www.spine-health.com/conditions/neck-pain/stiff-neck-causes-symptoms-and-treatment 颈项强直 10028843 neck stiffness AE stiffness of the neck AE a female reproductive system AE that occurs at the ovaries where ovaries do not produce estrogen despite high levels of circulating gonadotropins in women under 40. QL, YH primary ovarian insufficiency AE WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/premature-ovarian-failure/basics/definition/con-20028351 WEB: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/prematureovarianfailure.html 卵巢早衰 premature ovarian failure AE DO: DOID_5426 a skin adverse event that has an outcome of a discontinuity of the skin exhibiting incomplete loss of the epidermis, a lesion that is moist, circumscribed, and usually depressed. QL, YH 10040840 skin erosion AE HP: HP_0200041 a hematopoietic system AE that has an outcome of an arrest of the formation of blood cellular components. QL, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haematopoiesis 造血功能障碍 arrest of hematopoiesis AE an arrest of hematopoiesis AE that occurs quickly QL, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haematopoiesis 急性造血功能障碍 acute arrest of hematopoiesis AE an ulcer AE that occurs at the scrotum QL, YH 阴囊破溃 scrotum ulcer AE SNOMEDCT: 9750001 a skin adverse event that inherited chronic noninflammatory skin disease manifested by vesicles, large bullae (blisters), and skin erosions which often result from trauma. QL, YH epidermolysis bullosa type eruption AE WEB: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/epidermolysis-bullosa/basics/definition/con-20032497 大疱性表皮坏死松解症 10014989 epidermolysis bullosa AE a female reproductive system AE that occurs in the uterus JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uterus uterine AE a reproduction system inflammation AE that occurs in the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus. MW, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometritis 子宫内膜炎 10014791 endometritis AE an inflammation AE which occurs in the female reproduction system YH, JX female reproduction system inflammation AE a reproduction system inflammation AE that occurs in the placenta. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placenta 胎盘炎 10014791 placentitis AE a female reproductive system AE that occurs when the baby does not exit the pelvis during childbirth due to being physically blocked, even though the uterus is contracting normally. JX, YH obstructed labor AE obstructed labour AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstructed_labour 难产 dystocia AE a pneumonia AE that is caused by a mycotic infection JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungal_pneumonia 真菌性肺炎 mycotic pneumonia AE an inflammation AE that refers to inflammation of the serous tissues of the body, the tissues lining the lungs (pleura), heart (pericardium), and the inner lining of the abdomen (peritoneum) and organs within. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serositis 浆膜炎 10058556 serositis AE a female reproduction system inflammation AE that occurs in the wall of the uterus. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metritis 子宫炎 10066270 metritis AE an abscess AE where the abscess is filled with pus. Note: based on the website: https://www.quora.com/What-is-a-purulent-abscess, it appears that the words purulent abscess are actually redundant. Purulent means pus. Abscess is a space or pocket in the body filled with pus. JX, YH 化脓性脓肿 purulent abscess AE a clostridial infection AE that results in muscle spasms. JX, YH lockjaw AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetanus 破伤风 10043376 tetanus AE a abscess AE that shows a collection of pus found near the rectum. JX, YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/anal-abscess 直肠脓肿 10048947 rectal abscess AE a brucellosis AE that shows an acute disease stage. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brucellosis 急性布氏杆菌病 acute brucellosis AE a lymphadenopathy AE where the lymphadenopathy occurs in the supraclavicular lymph nodes. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphadenopathy 锁骨上淋巴结病 supraclavicular lymphadenopathy AE a pain AE that shows a person with generalized aches and pains in multiple areas of the body. JX, YH WEB: http://www.everydayhealth.com/symptom-checker/body-aches 体痛 body ache AE an inflammation AE that occurs in the kidney tissue, calyces, and renal pelvis. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyelonephritis 肾盂肾炎 10037596 pyelonephritis AE a bacterial infection AE that is caused by the infection with Brucella, a Gram-negative bacterium. The infected animals can be human or a variety of mammal animals. JX, YH Bang's disease AE Crimean fever AE Gibraltar fever AE Malta fever AE Maltese fever AE Mediterranean fever AE rock fever AE undulant fever AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brucellosis 布氏杆菌病 brucellosis AE an infection AE that is caused by a parasite. YH, JX WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasitic_disease parasitic infection AE a parasitic infection AE that is caused by a heminth, i.e., a parasitic worm, in the location of intestine. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helminthiasis 肠道蠕虫病 intestinal helminthiasis AE a liver AE that has an outcome of the diffusion or accumulation of substances in the liver. JX, YH PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20806348 WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infiltration_(medical) 肝脏浸润 liver infiltration AE an epididymitis AE where the epidiymis is filled up with lymphocytes and plasma cells. JX, YH WEB: http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/lymphoplasmacytic WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epididymitis 淋巴浆细胞性附睾炎 lymphoplasmacytic epididymitis AE a testicular disorder AE that results in a discomfort or pain of the epidiymis, a curved structure at the back of the testicle in which sperm matures and is stored. JX, YH WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epididymitis epididymitis AE a pneumonia AE that results in the dissemination of histiocytes in the lung. JX, YH PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17882900 WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumonia 弥漫性组织细胞性肺炎 disseminated histiocytic pneumonia AE a myocarditis AE where the heart muscle is filled with lymphocytes and plasma cells that are not normally seen. JX, YH WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001204/ 淋巴浆细胞性心肌炎 lymphoplasmacytic myocarditis AE a syndrome AE in which the immune system begins to recover from an immunosuppression or AIDS, but then responds to a previously acquired opportunistic infection with an overwhelming inflammatory response that paradoxically makes the symptoms of infection worse. JX, YH IRIS AE immune recovery syndrome AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_reconstitution_inflammatory_syndrome 10065042 immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome AE a role that exists in a cellular and molecular interaction YH role in cellular and molecular interaction NDF-RT: N0000000223 a diarrhea AE that occurs when the bile acids are not reabsorbed into the bloodstream and enter the large bowel (colon), which causes abnormally high levels of water and salts in the large bowel and the formation of watery diarrhoea. YH bile acid malabsorption AE WEB: http://patient.info/health/bile-acid-malabsorptiondiarrhoea-leaflet WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bile_acid_malabsorption WEB: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3002596/ 10069703 bile acid diarrhoea AE an adverse event that has an outcome of nutrition disorder, which can be caused by an insufficient intake of food or of certain nutrients, by an inability of the body to absorb and use nutrients, or by overconsumption of certain foods. YH nutrition disorder AE WEB: http://www.who.int/topics/nutrition_disorders/en/ 营养失调 nutritional disorder AE a nutrional disorder AE that has an outcome of malnutrition, a condition resulting from insufficient nutrients in the body. YH WEB: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000404.htm 营养不良 malnutrition AE a gastrointestinal disorder AE that has an outcome of the presence of very large numbers of bacteria growing in the small intestine YH BLS AE BOS AE SIBO AE bacterial overgrowth syndrome AE blind loop syndrome AE small bowel bacterial overgrowth AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blind_loop_syndrome WEB: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000222.htm small intestinal bacterial overgrowth AE an edema face AE where the face has gradually swollen into a rounded shape YH WEB: http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/moon-facies moon face AE a behavioral and neurological AE that has an outcome of impaired daily self care activities. KY, YH ADL impaired AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activities_of_daily_living 10050954 activities of daily living impaired AE a hematology investigation result abnormal AE that is characterized by an abnomalty in the antibody level in the blood YH, KY antibody test abnormal AE an antibody test abnormal AE that shows positive antinuclear antibody, which often attack a person's own cell nucleus. YH, KY ANA test abnormal AE URL: http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/ana-test/basics/definition/prc-20014566 In most cases, a positive ANA test indicates that your immune system has launched a misdirected attack on your own tissue — in other words, an autoimmune reaction. But some people have positive ANA tests even when they're healthy. Ref: http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/ana-test/basics/definition/prc-20014566 antinuclear antibody positive AE A nervous system AE which refers to an imbalance problem in the part of the nervous system that controls involuntary actions KY, YH https://medlineplus.gov/autonomicnervoussystemdisorders.html#cat59 10003840 autonomic nervous system imbalance AE A CSF test result abnormal AE with high glucose levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. KY, YH https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSF_glucose 10050763 CSF glucose increased AE A CSF test result abnormal AE with high immunoglobin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. KY, YH https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/conditions/multiplesclerosis/start/2/ 10064338 CSF immunoglobulin increased AE A palsy AE with temporary or permanent weakness of the facial muscles on one or both sides of the face. KY, YH http://www.facialpalsy.org.uk/about-facial-palsy/what-is-facial-palsy/1395/ 10016060 facial palsy AE A bone AE that refers to structural failure in a disc and advanced signs of aging. KY, YH https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16915105 10061246 intervertebral disc degeneration AE A behavioral and neurological test abnormal AE result that has an abnormal outcome in lumbar puncture involving pain or numbness to the legs, lower back pain, headaches, risk of infection, or risk of bleeding in the spinal canal. KY, YH http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/test_procedures/neurological/lumbar_puncture_lp_92,p07666/ 10025000 lumbar puncture abnormal AE A paralysis AE accompanied by involuntary tremors. KY, YH WEB: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/palsy WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palsy 麻痹 palsy AE A behavioral and neurological test abnormal AE that involves an abnormal outcome in the series of simple questions and noninvasive tests in a neurological examination that provides crucial information about the nervous system. KY, YH http://www.healthcommunities.com/brain-nerve-tests/what-is-a-neuro-exam.shtml 10056832 neurological examination abnormal AE A paralysis AE characterized by extreme muscle weakness and loss of muscle tone. KY, YH http://www.brainandspinalcord.org/flaccid-paralysis/ 弛缓性麻痹 10033809 paralysis flaccid AE A paralysis AE on the peroneal nerve leading to loss of movement or sensation on the foot and leg and may lead to complete weakness or paralysis of the foot or leg. KY, YH https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000791.htm 10034701 peroneal nerve palsy AE A hyperaesthesia AE that occurs at the optic area, reflected by an abnormal sensitivity to light. YH, Jiahao Wang WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/optic+hyperesthesia 光过敏 optic hyperesthesia AE An abnormal respiration AE that shows a severely deficient supply of oxygen to the body that arises from abnormal breathing. YH, Jiahao Wang asphyxiation AE WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphyxia 窒息 10003497 10003502 asphyxia AE An muscle AE showing delayed relaxation (prolonged contraction) of the skeletal muscles after voluntary contraction or electrical stimulation YH, Jiahao Wang WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myotonia 肌强直 10061533 myotonia AE An myotonia AE that occurs in the neck. YH, Jiahao Wang WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myotonia 颈项强直 neck myotonia AE a behavioral and neurological AE that refers to any pain or discomfort in the abdomen. NG, YH https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distress_(medicine) 10000062 abdominal distress AE A blindness AE that refers to the reduced ability to distinguish between colors that are obvious to the rest of the population NG, YH https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_blindness 10010016 color blindness AE a behavioral and neurological AE that is characterized by involuntary muscle contractions that cause abnormal posture and slow, repetitive movements NG, YH http://www.webmd.com/brain/dystonia-causes-types-symptoms-and-treatments#1 10013983 dystonia AE a behavioral and neurological AE that is characterized by potentially impulsive or poorly controlled activity NG, YH 10015627 exciteness AE a dizziness AE that creates a feeling of a light head caused by a temporary decrease in blood to the brain NG, YH https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightheadedness 10024492 lightheadedness AE a psychiatric disorder AE that is characterized by an elevation or lowering of a person's mood NG, YH mood problem https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mood_disorder 10027952 mood disorder AE a menstrual disorder AE that is characterized by infrequent menstrual periods NG, YH https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligomenorrhea 10030294 oligomenorrhea AE an ear AE that refers to ear poisoning resulting from exposure to drugs or chemicals that damage the inner ear NG, YH https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ototoxicity 10033109 ototoxicity AE an inflammation AE that leads to swelling around the blood vessel wall NG, YH http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/periarteritis 10034462 periarteritis AE a tumor AE that is benign and characterized by a small wart-like growth on the skin NG, YH https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papilloma 10033722 skin papilloma AE a paresthesia AE characterized by unusual prickling sensations in any part of the body NG, YH http://www.mayoclinic.org/symptom-checker/numbness-or-tingling-in-hands-adult/related-factors/itt-20009075 10043876 tingling AE a diarrhea AE that has 4 stools per day over baseline; mild increase in ostomy output compared to baseline. MW, EO Grade 1 diarrhea AE CTCAE: E10573 a diarrhea AE that has increased of 4 - 6 stools per day over baseline; moderate increase in ostomy output compared to baseline. MW, EO Grade 2 diarrhea AE CTCAE: E10574 a diarrhea AE that has increased of >=7 stools per day over baseline; incontinence; hospitalization indicated; severe increase in ostomy output compared to baseline; limiting self care ADL MW, EO Grade 3 diarrhea AE CTCAE: E10575 An epileptic seizure AE that is a complex autosomal dominant disorder usually caused by mutations in SCN1A (a voltage-gated sodium channel). One third of patients have febrile seizures only; two thirds have a variety of epilepsy syndromes, both focal and generalized. GEFS+ AE https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25917466 BY, YH genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus AE MW, EO a nausea AE that has Loss of appetite without alteration in eating habits Grade 1 nausea AE CTCAE: E10879 MW, EO a nausea AE that has oral intake decreased without significant weight loss, dehydration or malnutrition Grade 2 nausea AE CTCAE: E10880 MW, EO a nausea AE that has inadequate oral caloric or fluid intake; tube feeding, TPN, or hospitalization indicated Grade 3 nausea AE CTCAE: E10881 A bacterial infection AE that is induced by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, which causes an acute respiratory infection marked by severe, spasmodic coughing episodes during the paroxysmal phase. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7813/ BY, YH Bordetella pertussis infection AE A thyroiditis AE that is caused by an infection with a pathogen (e.g., bacterium or virus). YH https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroiditis 10071250 infectious thyroiditis AE A disorder material entity that forms an open sore on the skin or a mucous membrane, accompanied by the disintegration of tissue. YH https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulcer ulcer A neurotoxicity that occurs at the central nervous system. This type of neurotoxity manifests as altered thought content resulting in psychosis or confusion. BY, YH https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24275175 10071215 central nervous system toxicity AE A paralysis AE that results from infection with any one of the three related poliovirus types (referred to as types P1, P2, and P3) and that attacks the body's nervous system. infantile paralysis AE polio AE http://www.who.int/biologicals/areas/vaccines/polio/en/ 10036012 BY, YH poliomyelitis AE An immune system AE where a transplant recipient's immune system attacks the transplanted organ or tissue. transplant rejection AE https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000815.htm 10018650 BY, YH graft rejection AE A vasculitis AE that affects medium-sized and small muscular arteries, resulting in microaneurysm formation, aneurysmal rupture with hemorrhage, thrombosis, and, consequently, organ ischemia or infarction. panarteritis nodosa AE polyarteritis nodosa AE http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/330717-overview 10034462 BY, YH periarteritis nodosa AE An abnormal reflex AE characterized by episodes of shaking or exaggerated shivering which can occur with a high fever. http://patient.info/doctor/rigors 10039177 BY, YH rigors AE An immunology AE in which cells of the lymphatic system grow excessively. It is a AE of the lymphoid cells and of cells from the reticuloendothelial system that usually occur in people with compromised immune systems. http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=7859 10061232 BY. YH lymphoproliferative disorder AE A rash AE where the rash is present on only one area of the body, which is usually caused by cellulitis, contat dermatitis, and poison ivy. http://www.everydayhealth.com/symptom-checker/localized-rash 10062705 BY, YH localized rash AE A neuropathy AE that is characterized by recurrent episodes of numbness, tingling, and loss of muscle function in the region associated with the affected nerve, usually an arm, hand, leg, or foot. HNPP AE https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/hereditary-neuropathy-with-liability-to-pressure-palsies 10069382 BY, YH hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies AE A viral infection AE that is caused by a Rubella virus. This contagious AE leads to symptoms that can include a low-grade fever, sore throat, and a red rash that starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body. german measles AE three-day measles AE http://bodyandhealth.canada.com/channel/childhood-vaccinations/related-conditions/rubella 10018206 BY, YH Rubella infection AE A poliomyelitis AE that is associated with oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) that occurs among healthy OPV recipients and their contacts. It is clinically indistinguishable from poliomyelitis caused by wild-type polio virus, which causes temporary or permanent paralysis. VAPP AE https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3321898/ 10076716 BY, YH vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis AE A seizure AE that is a rare, catastrophic, lifelong form of epilepsy that begins in the first year of life with frequent and/or prolonged seizures. SMEI AE dravet syndrome AE https://www.dravetfoundation.org/what-is-dravet-syndrome/ 10073677 BY, YH severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy AE A bacterial infection AE that is caused by exposure to environmental sources of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), which leads to NTM entering the lungs, causing inflammation in the respiratory system. This AE can lead to progressive lung infection characterized by cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, and weight loss. NTM infection AE http://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/nontuberculosis-mycobacteria/learn-about-ntm.html BY. YH nontuberculous mycobacteria infection AE An immunodeficiency AE that affects the immune system and results in the lack of the ability for the body to generate mature B cells, which manifests as a complete or near-complete lack of proteins called gamma globulins, including antibodies, in their bloodstream. This AE occurs almost exclusively in males. This AE also increases susceptibility to infections. Bruton’s Agammaglobulinemia AE Congenital Agammaglobulinemia AE XLA AE http://primaryimmune.org/about-primary-immunodeficiencies/specific-disease-types/agammaglobulinemia-x-linked-autosomal-recessive/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-linked_agammaglobulinemia https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/x-linked-agammaglobulinemia BY. YH X-linked agammaglobulinemia AE A multi-organ failure AE that is associated with administration of a Yellow Fever vaccine. This happens when vaccine virus proliferates in multiple organs, causing multiple organ dysfunction syndrome or multiorgan failure and death. https://www.cdc.gov/travel-training/local/HistoryEpidemiologyandVaccination/page27412.html 10069197 BY, YH Yellow Fever vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease AE A duodenal ulcer AE that alters GI function and requiresTPN indicated; elective operative or endoscopic intervention indicated; limiting self care ADL. Grade 3 duodenal ulcer AE CTCAE: E10614 An anus AE that bleed from the anal region. 10055226 anal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10470 NCIt: C78168 An anal hemorrhage AE that has moderate symptoms; medical intervention or minor cauterization indicated. Grade 2 anal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10472 A thyroiditis AE where the thyroiditis inflammation has an acute process. YH https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroiditis 10043780 acute thyroiditis AE An anal hemorrhage AE that has transfusion, radiologic, endoscopic, or elective operative intervention indicated. Grade 3 anal hemorrhage AE CTCAE: E10473 A gastrointestinal disorder AE that has a narrowing of the lumen of the colon. 10010004 colonic stenosis AE CTCAE: E10550 NCIt: C78243 A colonic stenosis AE that altered GI function. Grade 2 colonic stenosis AE CTCAE: E10552 A colonic stenosis AE that alters GI function and requires tube feeding or hospitalization. Grade 3 colonic stenosis AE CTCAE: E10553 An esophagus AE that has a rupture in the wall of the esophagus. 10055472 esophageal perforation AE CTCAE: E10665 NCIt: C50693 A mucosal inflammation AE that has moderate pain which is not interfering with oral intake but modified diet indicated. Grade 2 mucosal inflammation AE CTCAE: E10874 A mucosal inflammation AE that is interfering with oral intake. Grade 3 mucosal inflammation AE CTCAE: E10875 A dysesthesia AE that has burning or tingling sensation on the lips, tongue or entire mouth. 10054520 oral dysesthesia AE CTCAE: E10894 NCIt: C62545 An oral dysesthesia AE that has disabling pain, requires tube feeding and TPN. Grade 3 Oral dysesthesia AE CTCAE: E10897 An oral dysesthesia AE that has m oderate pain and is interfering with oral intake. Grade 2 Oral dysesthesia AE CTCAE: E10896 An oral dysesthesia AE that has mild discomfort but is not interfering with oral intake. Grade 1 Oral dysesthesia AE CTCAE: E10895 A periodontal disease AE that has spontaneous bleeding, severe bone loss with or without tooth loss and osteonecrosis of maxilla or mandible. Grade 3 periodontal disease AE CTCAE: E10938 A periodontal disease AE that has moderate gingival recession or gingivitis, multiple sites of bleeding on probing and moderate bone loss. Grade 2 periodontal disease AE CTCAE: E10937 A periodontal disease AE that has gingival recession or gingivitis, limited bleeding on probing and mild local bone loss. Grade 1 periodontal disease AE CTCAE: E10936 A necrosis AE that there the ecrotic process occurring in the rectal wall. 10065709 rectal necrosis AE CTCAE: E10967 NCIt: C78585 A rectal necrosis AE that requires tube feeding or TPN indicated; radiologic, endoscopic, or operative intervention indicated. Grade 3 rectal necrosis AE CTCAE: E10968 An inflammation AE that has inflammation of the salivary duct. 10056681 salivary duct inflammation AE CTCAE: E10470 NCIt: C78600 A salivary duct inflammation AE that has acute salivary gland necrosis; severe secretion-induced symptoms (e.g., thick saliva/oral secretions or gagging); tube feeding or TPN indicated; limiting self care ADL; disabling Grade 3 salivary duct inflammation AE CTCAE: E11006 A salivary duct inflammation AE that has thick, ropy, sticky saliva; markedly altered taste; alteration in diet indicated; secretion-induced symptoms; limiting instrumental ADL Grade 2 salivary duct inflammation AE CTCAE: E11005 A salivary duct inflammation AE that has slightly thickened saliva; slightly altered taste (e.g., metallic) Grade 1 salivary duct inflammation AE CTCAE: E11004 An inflammation AE that has inflammation of the mucous membrane of the small intestine. 10065710 small intestinal mucositis AE CTCAE: E11015 NCIt: C78613 A small intestinal mucositis AE that has severe pain and is interfering with oral intake; tube feeding, TPN or hospitalization indicated. Grade 3 small intestinal mucositis AE CTCAE: E11018 A small intestine ulcer AE that has altered GI function, requires TPN indicated. Elective operative or endoscopic intervention indicated; limiting self care ADL; disablingoperative intervention Grade 3 small intestine ulcer AE CTCAE: E11041 A small intestine ulcer AE that has altered GI function. Grade 2 small intestine ulcer AE CTCAE: E11040 A tooth disorder AE that has a pathological process of the teeth occurring during tooth development. 10044030 tooth development disorder AE CTCAE: E11048 NCIt: C35596 A tooth development disorder AE that has maldevelopment with impairment not surgically correctable. Grade 3 tooth development disorder AE CTCAE: E11051 A tooth development disorder AE that has impairment correctable with oral surgery Grade 2 tooth development disorder AE CTCAE: E11050 A tooth development disorder AE that has hypoplasia of tooth or enamel. Grade 1 tooth development disorder AE CTCAE: E11049 A digestive system AE that has abdominal pain, fever, change in bowel habits with ileus and peritoneal signs. Grade 3 cecitis AE CTCAE: E11059 A thyroiditis AE where the thyroiditis inflammation has a chronic process. YH https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroiditis 10043781 chronic thyroiditis AE A chronic thyroiditis AE that shows a lot of dense fibrous tissue. YH Riedel goiter AE Riedel's thyroiditis AE chronic sclerosing thyroiditis AE chronic thyroiditis wood AE fibrous chronic thyroiditis AE invasive fibrous thyroiditis AE http://www.healthfrom.com/Disease/view-3435.html 10043782 chronic fibrous thyroiditis AE An acute thyroiditis AE that shows a form of painful, acute thyroiditis resulting from radioactive therapy to treat hyperthyroidism or from radiation to treat head and neck cancer or lymphoma. YH https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation-induced_thyroiditis 10063885 radition thyroiditis AE An autoimmune thyroiditis AE where the thyroid gland is gradually destroyed. JX, YH Hashimoto's disease AE chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis AE https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_thyroiditis 10069432 Hashimoto's thyroiditis AE An autoimmune thyroiditis AE that shows an organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by thyroid autoantibodies, functional hypothyroidism, and absence of goiter. YH https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-1-60327-285-8_42 10077172 atrophic thyroiditis AE A thyroiditis AE that occurs after pregnancy and may involve hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism or the two sequentially. YH https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postpartum_thyroiditis postpartum thyroiditis AE An adverse event of hematoma in the subcapsular space of the kidney. This event occurs after a medical intervention, and may be caused by a tumor, trauma, vasculitis, renal infarction, or other disease process. YH, EO https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/subcapsular+hematoma subcapsular hematoma subcapsular hematoma AE An adverse event of hematoma occurring around the kidney. YH, EO perinephric hematoma perinephric hematoma AE YH, EO arteriovenous fistulae arteriovenous fistula arteriovenous fistula AE An adverse event of surgery that leads to the puncturing of an adjacent organ. For example, a needle to the kidney may puncture the adjacent organs. Jennifer Schaub, Oliver He puncturing of adjacent organs https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493205/ puncturing of adjacent organ AE A renal failure AE that is characterized by abnormally high levels of nitrogen-containing compounds (such as urea, creatinine, various body waste compounds, and other nitrogen-rich compounds) in the blood. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azotemia 10003885 azotaemia AE An adverse event with the IgA nephropathy, a form of glomerulonephritis (an inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney), primarily characterized by deposition of the IgA antibody in the glomerulus. YH Berger's disease IgA nephritis IgAN synpharyngitic glomerulonephritis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IgA_nephropathy IgA nephropathy AE An adverse event with the IgM nephropathy, a form of glomerulonephritis (an inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney), primarily characterized by deposition of the IgM antibody in the glomerulus. YH https://nephcure.org/livingwithkidneydisease/understanding-glomerular-disease/other-glomerular-diseases/igm-nephropathy/ IgM nephropathy AE A urine abnormality AE that is characterized by dark colored urine resulting from abormally high blood levels of conjugated bilirubin. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://meded.ucsd.edu/clinicalimg/genital_urine_bili.htm 10004710 bilirubinuria AE A bladder cancer AE that is characterized by a benign or malignant, primary or metastatic neoplasm of the bladder. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/594 10005056 bladder neoplasm AE A urine abnormality AE that is characterized by the presence of bile in urine. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choluria 10008684 choluria AE A urine abnormality AE that is characterized by when one passes blood sugar (blood glucose) into urine. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.healthline.com/healthy/glycosuria 10018473 glycosuria AE A urine abnormality AE that is characterized by an abnormally low urinary specific gravity, i.e., reduced concentration of solutes in the urine. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/hydroureter 10021096 hyposthenuria AE A urine abnormality AE that is characterized by a medical condition in which ketone bodies are present in the urine. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketonuria 10023388 ketonuria AE A urine abnormality AE that is characterized by an abnormal pathologic state in which an excessive amount of myoglobin is found in the urine, imparting a cola-like hue, usually in association with myonecrosis and a clinical picture of weakness, myalgias, edema. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658177 10028629 myoglobinuria AE The date time when an adverse event starts YH adverse event start date A kidney AE that is characterized by disease or damage of the kidney, which can eventually result in kidney failure David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Nephropathy.aspx 10029151 nephropathy AE A nephropathy AE that is characterized by any adverse functional or structural changes in the kidney due to the effect of a chemical or biological product that is inhaled, ingested, injected, or otherwise absorbed, or that yields toxic metabolites with an identifiable adverse effect on the kidneys. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/655056 10029155 nephropathy toxic AE A congenital AE that is characterized by a birth defect and inherited condition that affects the urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, and bladder) or the genital tract (reproductive organs). David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://umiamihealth.org/treatments-and-services/nephrology/congenital-urogenital-abnormalities 10062334 congenital genitourinary abnormality AE A urinary system AE that is characterized by the abnormal enlargement of the ureter caused by any blockage that prevents urine from draining into the bladder. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/hydroureter 10020533 hydroureter AE A urinary system AE that is characterized by a condition in which the nephrons, the functional units of the kidneys, become inflamed. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/312579.php 10029117 nephritis AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a progressive disease of the kidneys that results from sclerosis (hardening) of the small blood vessels in the kidneys. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=4533 10029159 nephrosclerosis AE The date time when an adverse event ends YH adverse event end date an adverse event reporting that is to report an adverse event in an expedited time frame. YH AE expedited reporting adverse event expedited reporting https://www.niaid.nih.gov/sites/default/files/eaereportpolicy.pdf expedited adverse event reporting A pain AE that is characterized by pain from disease or injury to a kidney David Ameriguian, Oliver He kidney pain AE https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/kidney-pain/basics/definition/sym-20050902 10039490 renal pain AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a very heterogeneous group of hereditary and acquired diseases that involve singular or complex dysfunctions of transporters and channels in the renal tubular system David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.amboss.com/us/knowledge/Renal_tubular_disorders 10038537 renal tubular disorder AE A renal tubular disorder AE that is characterized by acute kidney injury in the renal category involving damage to the tubule cells of the kidneys, which can lead to acute kidney failure David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000512.htm 10038540 renal tubular necrosis AE A kidney AE that is characterized by vessel wall leukocyte infiltration, often with necrosis affecting the kidney David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19891303 10038546 renal vasculitis AE A urinary system AE that is characterized by when a person has trouble starting or maintaining a urine stream David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321087.php 10046542 urinary hesitation AE A urinary system AE that is characterized by any disorder that affects your urinary tract, which is the body's drainage system for removing urine David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases 10046566 urinary tract disorder AE A uninary system AE that occurs in bladder David Ameriguian, Oliver He bladder disorder AE 10005037 10056655 bladder AE A urine abnormality AE that is characterized by the presence of porphyrins in the urine David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/porphyrinuria 10036193 porphyrinuria AE An abscess AE that is characterized by an infection that has gotten into the kidneys caused by bacteria. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-conditions/kidney-(renal)-abscess 10038351 renal abscess AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a kidney disorder where the kidneys are relatively small in comparison to the gender, age, and body weight of the patient. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.novusbio.com/diseases/congenital-renal-atrophy 10038381 renal atrophy AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a sac of fluid that forms in the kidney. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=renal-cyst 10038423 renal cyst AE A bladder AE that is characterized by complete absence, or agenesis, of the urinary bladder David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/325825 10056655 bladder agenesis AE A bladder AE that is characterized by a pouch in the bladder wall that a person may either be born with or get later. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-conditions/bladder-diverticulum 10005038 bladder diverticulum AE A bladder AE that is characterized by scarring and hardening of the tissue in the bladder. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.oncolink.org/support/side-effects/genitourinary-side-effects/bladder-fibrosis 10005042 bladder fibrosis AE A bladder AE that is characterized by tumor-like formations, projecting above the level of the mucous membrane of the efferent urinary passages, and consisting of granulation tissue. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1464-410X.1937.tb06608.x 10005043 bladder granuloma AE A bladder AE that is characterized by an enlarged bladder where the bladder walls become thicker and then grow because they are overstretched. David Ameriguian, Oliver He enlarged bladder AE https://www.healthline.com/health/enlarged-bladder 10063408 bladder hypertrophy AE A bladder AE that is characterized by external bladder injuries that are caused by either blunt or penetrating trauma to the lower abdomen, pelvis, or perineum. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/injuries-poisoning/genitourinary-tract-trauma/bladder-trauma 10061698 bladder injury AE A bladder AE that is characterized by squamous metaplasia of the transitional epithelium and keratinization; it is a rare condition. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1949238 10051257 bladder leukoplakia AE A bladder AE that is characterized by acute or chronic changes in the uterine shape or position; this can occur in women prior to labor, during labor, or postpartum. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/272497-overview 10049716 bladder malposition acquired AE A bladder AE that is characterized by an overly distended bladder with flattened urothelium. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/nnl/urinary/urinary_bladder/dilation/urinary_bladder-dilation_508.pdf 10005033 bladder dilatation AE A bladder AE that is characterized by being the putative precursor of urothelial carcinoma in situ (CIS) and invasive urothelial carcinoma of the urinary tract. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10199474 10069448 bladder dysplasia AE A bladder AE that is characterized by a number of urinary conditions in people who lack bladder control due to a brain, spinal cord, or nerve problem. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-conditions/neurogenic-bladder 10029279 neurogenic bladder AE A urinary system AE that is characterized by a problem that affects the urinary and genital tracts (reproductive organs) This term may need to move to a higher level. More work need to be done. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://intermountainhealthcare.org/services/pediatrics/services/urology/urogenital-disorders/ 10046694 urogenital disorder AE A procedural complication AE that occurs after a blood transfusion YH blood transfusion reaction AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a reversible form of acute renal dysfunction; it encompasses several different conditions that vary considerably. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3895370/ 10001017 acute prerenal failure AE A urinary system AE that is characterized by an abnormal amount of amino acids in the urine. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org/tests/003366.html 10001939 aminoaciduria AE A congenital AE that is characterized by a wide range of kidney disease that are from birth; cystic disease may involve one or both kidneys and may or may not occur in the presence of other anomalies. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystic_kidney_disease 10010428 congenital cystic kidney disease AE A bladder AE that is characterized by a bladder whose muscles do not fully contract. This makes it hard to urinate. David Ameriguian, Oliver He flaccid bladder, acontracile bladder https://www.healthline.com/health/atonic-bladder 10003629 atonic urinary bladder AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a disease that causes abnormal blood clots to form in small blood vessels in the kidneys. David Ameriguian, Oliver He atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/8702/atypical-hemolytic-uremic-syndrome 10079840 atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome AE A urinary tract infection AE that is characterized by a type of urinary tract infection caused by bacteria where one or both kidneys become infected. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-conditions/kidney-(renal)-infection-pyelonephritis 10059517 bacterial pyelonephritis AE A urinary system AE that is characterized by the presence of bacteria in urine. It is often accompanied by symptoms is a urinary tract infection while that without is known as asymptomatic bacteriuria. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriuria 10004056 bacteriuria AE A bladder neoplasm AE that is characterized by a non-cancerous tumor of the bladder that does not spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body. David Ameriguian, Oliver He http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/bladder/bladder-cancer/non-cancerous-tumours/?region=on 10004302 benign neoplasm of bladder AE A bladder cancer AE that is characterized by cancer that has returned following initial treatment with surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. recurrent bladder cancer https://www.texasoncology.com/types-of-cancer/bladder-cancer/recurrent-bladder-cancer 10005005 bladder cancer recurrent AE A bladder AE that is characterized by problems with urination. This may include urgency of urination, frequency of urination, ability to "hold" urine during day or night, urinary incontinence, infrequent voiding, constipation, or other diagnoses. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.choc.org/programs-services/urology/dysfunctional-bladder/ 10069632 bladder dysfunction AE A bladder AE that is characterized by a blockage at the base or neck of the bladder. Such a blockage reduces or stops the flow of urine into the urethra, which carries urine from the body. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15181-bladder-outlet-obstruction- 10005060 bladder obstruction AE A bladder AE that is characterized by a narrowing that can cause bladder obstruction that leads to incomplete bladder emptying. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://urobop.co.nz/our-services/id/62 10005082 bladder stenosis AE A bladder cancer AE that is characterized by cancer that starts in the urothelial cells that line the inside of the bladder. It is the most common type of bladder cancer. David Ameriguian, Oliver He urothelial carcinoma https://www.cancer.org/cancer/bladder-cancer/about/what-is-bladder-cancer.html 10005084 bladder transitional cell carcinoma AE A urinary system AE that is characterized by yeast in the urine which can range from procurement contamination to a sign of a life-threatening, opportunistic fungal infection. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11095903 10050762 candiduria AE A bladder AE that is characterized by a severe and long-standing reduction in bladder capacity. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.auajournals.org/article/S0022-5347(17)70833-6/pdf 10010814 contracted bladder AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a medical test in which pain is elicited by percussion of the area of the back overlying the kidney (the costovertebral angle, an angle made by the vertebral column and the costal margin). David Ameriguian, Oliver He CVA tenderness, Murphy's punch sign, Pasternacki's sign, Goldflam's sign https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costovertebral _angle_tenderness costovertebral angle tenderness AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a major shock and renal failure after a crushing injury to skeletal muscle. David Ameriguian, Oliver He Traumatic rhabdomyolysis, Bywaters' syndrome https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crush_syndrome 10050702 crush syndrome AE A urinary system AE thta is characterized by cloudy urine when the cause of cloudiness is due to crystals found in the urine when performing a urine test. It is considered often as a benign condition. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalluria 10011509 crystalluria AE A cystitis AE that is characterized by a strong, persistent urge to urinate; a burning sensation when urinating; passing ferquent, small amounts of urine; blood in the urine (hematuria); passing cloudy or strong-smelling urine; pelvic discomfort; a feeling of pressure in the lower abdomen; and a low-grade fever. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://ww.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cystits/symptoms-causes/syc-20371306 10050687 cystitis-like symptom AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a birth defect in which a kidney is located below, above, or on the opposite side of its usual position; about one in 900 people has an ectopic kidney. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/children/ectopic-kidney 10063044 ectopic kidney AE A kidney AE that is characterized by two ureters coming from a single kidney. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/duplex-kidney 10023416 kidney duplex AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a mixed bag of developmental abberations, all of which involve anatomical or major structural anomalies. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://adc.bmj.com/content/77/6/471 10023430 kidney malformation AE A kidney AE that is characterized by either partial or complete fusion of the two kidneys. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/renal-fusion-anomalies-a-review-of-surgical-anatomy-2161-0940-S5-001.php?aid=57809 10068033 renal fusion anomaly AE A urinary system AE that is characterized by either an anterior or posterior situation; the second type is the most common obstructive congenital malformation of the urethra. The condition presents with abnormal posterior urethral folds or membranes that prevent urine evacuation from the bladder. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/urethral-valves 10046479 urethral valves AE A bladder AE that is characterized by the urodynamic description of bladder outlet obstruction from detrusor muscle contraction with concomitant involuntary urethral sphincter activation. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4739973 10012660 detrusor sphincter dyssynergia AE A kidney AE that is characterized by the most advanced stage of kidney disease. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/diabetes/why-diabetes-matters/kidney-disease--diabetes 10012660 diabetic end stage renal disease AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a serious kidney-related complication of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. David Ameriguian, Oliver He diabetic kidney disease https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetic-nephropathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20354556 10061835 diabetic nephropathy AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a rare disease that attacks the kidney's filtering units (glomeruli) causing serious scarring which leads to permanent kidney damage and even failure. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://nephcure.org/livingwithkidneydisease/understanding-glomerular-disease/understanding-fsgs/ 10067757 focal segmental glomerulosclerosis AE A urinary system AE that is characterized by urinary retention in young women; the problem is caused by the sphincter's failure to relax to allow urine to be passed. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.bladderandbowel.org/bladder/bladder-conditions-and-symptoms/fowlers-syndrome/ 10071718 fowler's syndrome AE A urinary system AE that is characterized by any symptom related to the urinary and genital organs. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=overview-of-genitourinary-disorders-90-P03103 10075537 genitourinary symptom AE A kidney AE that is characterized by inflammation and subsequent damage of the glomeruli leading to hematuria, proteinuria, and azotemia; it may be caused by primary renal disease or systemic conditions. Acute glomerulonephritis is the third most common cause of end-stage renal disease. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/777272-overview 10018366 glomerulonephritis acute AE A kidney AE that is characterized by glomerulonephritis that develops silently (without symptoms) over several years, leading, often, to complete kidney failure. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/glomerul 10018367 glomerulonephritis chronic AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a type of glomerulonephritis caused by deposits in the kidney glomerular mesangium and basement membrane thickening. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membranoproliferative_glomerulonephritis 10018370 glomerulonephritis membranoproliferative AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a specific type of glomerulonephritis that develops when inflammation of your kidney structures causes problems with the functioning of your kidney. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.healthline.com/health/membranous-nephropathy 10018372 glomerulonephritis membranous AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a disease affecting the kidneys which causes a nephrotic syndrome. David Ameriguian, Oliver He minimal change disease https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_change_disease 10018374 glomerulonephritis minimal lesion AE A kidney AE that is characterized by an increased number of cells in the glomerulus. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerulonephritis 10018376 glomerulonephritis proliferative AE A kidney AE that is characterized by any disease of renal glomeruli. David Ameriguian, Oliver He 10018620 glomerulonephropathy AE An autoimmune disorder AE that is characterized by a rare autoimmune disease in which antibodies attack the basement membrane in lungs and kidneys, leading to bleeding from the lungs and kidney failure. David Ameriguian, Oliver He goodpasture syndrome https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodpasture_syndrome 10018620 goodpasture's syndrome AE A urinary system AE that is characterized by bleeding of the urinary tract that can happen without a clear cause or as a result of an injury. David Ameriguian, Oliver He hemorrhage urinary tract https://www.hog.org/handbook/article/3/33/urinary-tract-bleeds 10055847 haemorrhage urinary tract AE A kidney AE that is characterized by a rare kidney disease leading to chronic kidney disease in a non-negligible percentage of patients. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://cjasn.asnjournals.org/content/6/3/679 10069440 henoch-schonlein purpura nephritis AE A urinary system AE that is characterized by when hemoglobin is released from RBCs into the bloodstream in excess of the binding capacity of haptoglobin. It occurs with chronic introvascular hemolysis and is called "brown urine." David Ameriguian, Oliver He hemosiderinuria https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemosiderinuria 10069395 haemosiderinuria AE A kidney AE that is characterized by rapid deterioration in kidney function in individuals with cirrhosis or fulminant liver failure. It is a life-threatening medical condition. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatorenal_syndrome 10019846 hepatorenal syndrome AE A urinary system AE that is characterized by an excessive urinary excretion of oxalate. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperoxaluria 10020703 hyperoxaluria AE A nephropathy AE that is characterized by a disease of the kidneys where the vasculature of the kidneys is damaged with an increase in blood pressure (high blood pressure). David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://www.myvmc.com/diseases/hypertensive-nephropathy/ 10055171 hypertensive nephropathy AE A urinary system AE that is characterized by low urinary-citrate excretion (defined as less than 320 mg/day), which can cause kidney stones in up to 2/3 of cases. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_stone_disease#Hypocitraturia 10070871 hypocitraturia AE A congenital AE that is characterized by a congenital disorder of the urethra where the urinary opening is not at the usual location on the head of the penis. David Ameriguian, Oliver He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypospadias 10021093 hypospadias AE A bladder AE that is characterized by the hypotonic bladder muscle failing to squeeze hard enough to completely empty the bladder. David Ameriguian, Oliver He http://urologygroup.com/conditions-we-treat/urinary-retention/ 10058914 hypotonic urinary bladder AE An AE with the fragmentation of the nucleus Anthony Huffman, Oliver He https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karyorrhexis https://jvi.asm.org/content/78/22/12672.long https://www.nature.com/articles/43591 10063393 karyorrhexis AE A cardiac disorder AE that shows a disorder of the heart's electrical activity, which can cause sudden, uncontrollable, dangerous arrhythmias in response to exercise or stress. The term "long QT" refers to an abnormal pattern seen on an EKG (electrocardiogram), a test that detects and records the heart's electrical activity. Madison Kalter, Jamie Ngai, Beccca Racz, Oliver He LQTS AE https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_QT_syndrome https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/long-qt-syndrome long QT syndrome AE an injection-site AE that displays erythema at the injection site. Liwei Wang, Oliver He injection site erythema AE an adverse event that occurs immediately after an injection Liwei Wang, Oliver He immediate post-injection reaction AE an adverse event that displays swelling at the injection site Liwei Wang, Oliver He Injection site swelling AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 1003880 axillary vein thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10063093 basilar artery thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10062573 brain stem thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10053994 cardiac ventricular thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10079523 catheter site thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10007830 cavernous sinus thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10063176 prosthetic cardiac valve thrombosis AE An adverse event with the outcome of the cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), which occurs when a blood clot forms in the brain’s venous sinuses. CVST prevents blood from draining out of the brain. As a result, blood cells may break and leak blood into the brain tissues, forming a hemorrhage. Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/cerebral-venous-sinus-thrombosis 10083037 CVST cerebral venous sinus thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10072240 foetal placental thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10019636 hepatic artery thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10019713 hepatic vein thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10027397 mesenteric artery thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10072564 peripheral artery thrombosis AE An adverse event in any patient presenting with both acute venous or arterial thrombosis AND new onset thrombocytopenia after a medical intervention such as vaccination. Oliver He, Jessica DeGuise TTS https://brightoncollaboration.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/TTS-Case-Finding-and-Definition-Process.v9.0-April-16-202115853.pdf thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10077022 postpartum thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10036300 postpartum venous thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10037459 pulmonary venous thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10038380 renal artery thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10062108 retinal vascular thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10071316 spinal artery thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10074600 splenic artery thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10041659 splenic vein thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10043634 thrombosis prophylaxis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10063934 vascular stent thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10078675 vascular access site thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10069922 vascular graft thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10063363 brachiocephalic vein thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10057777 vertebral artery thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10077623 portosplenomesenteric venous thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10058568 arteriovenous fistula thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10074494 hepatic vascular thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10069550 intrapericardial thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10081144 ophthalmic artery thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10074349 ophthalmic vein thrombosis AE an arterial embolism AE that results in the blockage of the main artery of a lung or one of its branches by a substance that has travelled from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream [SS] moved by relation 'SubclassOf' from lung disorder AE to arterial embolism on 01/07/14 SZ, SS, YH, JD WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23299609 10037437 pulmonary thrombosis AE HPO: HP_0002204 SIDER: C0034065 Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10038518 renal vein thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10038831 retinal artery thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10074601 splenic thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10042334 subclavian artery thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10043626 thrombosis mesenteric vessel AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10044457 transverse sinus thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10076190 vaccination site thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He ophthalmic thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He hepatic thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He renal thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10062108 retinal thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He brain thrombosis AE cardiac thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10019713 visceral venous thrombosis AE A definit case of TTS Oliver He, Jessica DeGuise Level 1 thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome AE https://brightoncollaboration.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/TTS-Case-Finding-and-Definition-Process.v9.0-April-16-202115853.pdf Level 1 TTS AE A probable case of TTS Oliver He, Jessica DeGuise Level 2 thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome AE https://brightoncollaboration.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/TTS-Case-Finding-and-Definition-Process.v9.0-April-16-202115853.pdf Level 2 TTS AE A possible case TTS Oliver He, Jessica DeGuise Level 3 thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome AE https://brightoncollaboration.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/TTS-Case-Finding-and-Definition-Process.v9.0-April-16-202115853.pdf Level 3 TTS AE A reported case as TTS but there is insufficient evidence to meet any level of the case. Oliver He, Jessica DeGuise Level 4 thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome AE https://brightoncollaboration.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/TTS-Case-Finding-and-Definition-Process.v9.0-April-16-202115853.pdf Level 4 TTS AE most likely not a case of TTS Oliver He, Jessica DeGuise Level 5 thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome AE https://brightoncollaboration.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/TTS-Case-Finding-and-Definition-Process.v9.0-April-16-202115853.pdf Level 5 TTS AE an arterial embolism AE that results in the blockage of the main artery of a lung or one of its branches by a substance that has travelled from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream [SS] moved by relation 'SubclassOf' from lung disorder AE to arterial embolism on 01/07/14 SZ, SS, YH, JD WEB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23299609 10037340 pulmonary artery thrombosis AE HPO: HP_0002204 SIDER: C0034065 a thrombosis AE that occurs in subclavian vein. Among patients with effort-induced thrombosis with subclavian vein stenosis, the thrombosis occurs in the dominant arm in 80% of cases. SS WEB: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/424777-overview#showall 10049446 subclavian thrombosis AE Jessica DeGuise, Oliver He 10027397 mesenteric thrombosis AE This is an AE which is the most common manifestation of abdominal tuberculosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_tuberculosis 腹部淋巴结病 10073485 abdominal lymphadenopathy AE This is an AE which is any localized enlargement or swelling in the human abdomen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_mass 腹部肿块 10000077 abdominal mass AE This is an AE which is a disorder primarily of children which presents with episodes of abdominal pain without an accompanying headache. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_migraine 腹型偏头痛 10049714 abdominal migraine AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of abdominal tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 腹部肿瘤 10060925 abdominal neoplasm AE This is an AE which is a clinical sign in which there is pain upon removal of pressure rather than application of pressure to the abdomen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blumberg_sign 腹部反弹压痛 10052489 abdominal rebound tenderness AE This is an AE which is the tensing of the abdominal wall muscles to guard inflamed organs within the abdomen from the pain of pressure upon them. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_guarding 腹部僵硬 10000090 abdominal rigidity AE This is an AE which is the observed or detectable abdominal signs, and experienced symptoms of an illness, injury, or condition . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Signs_and_symptoms 腹部疾病 10060926 abdominal symptom AE This is an AE which is pain or discomfort when an affected abdominal area is touched. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tenderness_(medicine) 腹部压痛 10000097 abdominal tenderness AE This is an AE which is a closed sac, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the abdominal wall. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 腹壁囊肿 10051634 abdominal wall cyst AE This is an AE which a functional abnormality or disturbance occurs on the abdominal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Disorder 腹壁疾病 10059625 abdominal wall disorder AE This is an AE which is a abdominal wall bleeding outside of blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken abdominal wall capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 腹壁血肿 10067383 abdominal wall hematoma AE This is an AE which was unencapsulated and had no distinct borders and was infiltrative and composed of bundles and sheets of densely packed fusiform cells on the abdominal wall. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24442574/ 腹壁肿块 10063005 abdominal wall mass AE This is an AE which is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of abdominal wall . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cancer 恶性腹壁肿瘤 10071023 abdominal wall neoplasm malignant AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the abdominal wall. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 腹壁水肿 10082609 abdominal wall edema AE This is an AE which is a surgical complication in which a abdominal wound ruptures along a surgical incision. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Wound_dehiscence 腹部伤口裂开 10066337 abdominal wound dehiscence AE This is an AE which is a intra-abdominal bleeding outside of blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 腹腔血肿 10056457 intra-abdominal hematoma AE This is an AE which refers to a sudden, severe abdominal pain and it is in many cases a medical emergency, requiring urgent and specific diagnosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_abdomen 急腹症 10000647 acute abdomen AE This is an AE which is the condition of having at least three loose, liquid, or watery bowel movements each day and causes by bacterial. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diarrhea 细菌性腹泻 10004016 bacterial diarrhea AE This is an AE which is a rare condition characterized by abdominal pain attributed to compression of the celiac artery and the celiac ganglia by the median arcuate ligament. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Median_arcuate_ligament_syndrome 腹腔动脉压迫综合征 10009838 coeliac artery compression syndrome AE This is an AE which is an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure such as foramina and canals occured on coeliac artery . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stenosis 腹腔动脉狭窄 10067325 coeliac artery stenosis AE This is an AE which is a protrusion of abdominal-cavity contents through the inguinal canal and it is congenital. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inguinal_hernia 先天性腹股沟疝 10068321 congenital inguinal hernia AE This is an AE which is the condition of having at least three loose, liquid, or watery bowel movements each day and occurs on the neonatal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diarrhea 新生儿腹泻 10012743 diarrhea neonatal AE This is an AE which is defined as a gap of about 2.7 cm or greater between the two sides of the rectus abdominis muscle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diastasis_recti 腹直肌分离 10073169 diastasis recti abdominis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the focal peritoneum, the lining of the inner wall of the abdomen and cover of the abdominal organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peritonitis 局灶性腹膜炎 10084697 focal peritonitis AE This is an AE which is a birth defect in which the baby's intestines extend outside of the abdomen through a hole next to the belly button. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastroschisis 腹裂 10018046 gastroschisis AE This is an AE which is the condition of having at least three loose, liquid, or watery bowel movements each day and causes by the viral. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diarrhea 病毒性腹泻 10051511 viral diarrhea AE This is an AE which is the formation of a blood clot inside a truncus coeliacus blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thrombosis 腹腔干血栓形成 10062363 truncus coeliacus thrombosis AE This is an AE which is the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis, in humans and in other vertebrates. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abdomen#Human_abdomen 舟状腹 10078474 scaphoid abdomen AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the retroperitoneal body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 腹膜后脓肿 10038975 retroperitoneal abscess AE This is an AE which refers to accumulation of fluid in an retroperitoneal space, usually without loculation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Effusion 腹膜后积液 10063637 retroperitoneal effusion AE This is an AE which is a disease featuring the proliferation of fibrous tissue in the retroperitoneum, the compartment of the body containing the kidneys, aorta, renal tract, and various other structures. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Retroperitoneal_fibrosis 腹膜后纤维化 10038979 retroperitoneal fibrosis AE This is an AE which is an accumulation of blood in the retroperitoneal space. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Retroperitoneal_bleeding 腹膜后血肿 10058360 retroperitoneal hematoma AE This is an AE which is a disease of the lymph nodes, in which retroperitoneal are abnormal in size or consistency. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymphadenopathy 腹膜后淋巴结肿大 10067015 retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy AE This is an AE which is a mass in the posterior of the peritoneum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_mass 腹膜后肿块 10071732 retroperitoneal mass AE This is an AE which refers fluid retention, dropsy, hydropsy and swelling, is the build-up of fluid in the retroperitoneal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 腹膜后水肿 10038983 retroperitoneal edema AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the peritoneal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 腹腔脓肿 10034649 peritoneal abscess AE This is an AE which is fibrous bands that form between peritoneal tissues and organs, often as a result of injury during surgery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adhesion_(medicine) 腹膜粘连 10034650 peritoneal adhesions AE This is an AE which is a type of dialysis which uses the peritoneum in a person's abdomen as the membrane through which fluid and dissolved substances are exchanged with the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peritoneal_dialysis 腹膜透析 10034660 peritoneal dialysis AE This is an AE which is a rare serious complication typically caused by peritoneal dialysis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Encapsulating_peritoneal_sclerosis 腹膜透析并发症 10067594 peritoneal dialysis complication AE This is an AE which is a functional abnormality or disturbance on the peritoneal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Disorder 腹膜疾病 10061343 peritoneal disorder AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged peritoneal blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 腹膜出血 10034666 peritoneal hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a surgical diagnostic procedure to determine if there is free floating fluid (most often blood) in the abdominal cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_peritoneal_lavage 腹膜灌洗 10057837 peritoneal lavage AE This is an AE which is a hyperplasia of peritoneal mesothelial cells in serous membranes . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mesothelial_hyperplasia 腹膜间皮增生 10072853 peritoneal mesothelial hyperplasia AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the peritoneum caused by virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peritonitis 细菌性腹膜炎 10062070 peritonitis bacterial AE This is an AE which is a relatively uncommon manifestation of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection , but nonetheless, a potentially life-threatening one that requires prompt medical attention and treatment with antibiotics and, in some cases, surgery. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21358876/ 腹膜炎肺炎球菌 10034681 peritonitis pneumococcal AE This is an AE which is a protrusion of abdominal-cavity contents through the inguinal canal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inguinal_hernia 腹股沟疝 10022016 inguinal hernia AE This is an AE which is a protrusion of abdominal-cavity contents through the inguinal canal caused obstructive. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inguinal_hernia 阻塞性腹股沟疝 10022021 inguinal hernia, obstructive AE This is an AE which is the abnormal exit of inguinal tissue or an organ, such as the bowel, through the wall of the cavity in which it normally resides. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hernia 腹股沟肿块 10053217 inguinal mass AE This is an AE which is the name given to a common and aberrant immune response to infection with virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Feline_infectious_peritonitis 传染性腹膜炎 10071647 infectious peritonitis AE This is an AE which is a protrusion of abdominal-cavity contents through the inguinal canal and incarcerated. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inguinal_hernia 嵌顿性腹股沟疝 10021613 incarcerated inguinal hernia AE This is an AE which is pneumatosis (abnormal presence of air or other gas) in the peritoneal cavity, a potential space within the abdominal cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumoperitoneum 气腹 10048299 pneumoperitoneum AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the groin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 腹股沟脓肿 10050269 groin abscess AE This is an AE which is the invasion of an organism's groin tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 腹股沟感染 10050821 groin infection AE This is an AE which occurs when there is protrusion of an internal organ into a retroperitoneal fossa or a foramen (congenital or acquired) in the abdominal cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Internal_hernia 内部疝 10051989 internal hernia AE This is an AE which innervates the serratus anterior muscle and function gets injuried. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Long_thoracic_nerve 胸神经根损伤 10029187 nerve root injury thoracic AE This is an AE which occurs in most hospitalized Covid-19 patients. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33016619/ 神经系统感染 10051295 neurological infection AE This is an AE which is any disorder of the nervous system. Structural, biochemical or electrical abnormalities in the brain, spinal cord or other nerves can result in a range of symptoms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neurological_disorder 神经症状 10060860 neurological symptom AE This is an AE which is a class of functional mental disorders of childhood involving chronic distress, but neither delusions nor hallucinations. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neurosis 儿童神经性障碍 10029343 neurotic disorder of childhood AE This is an AE which is a term describing neuropathies with both sensory and motor involvement in a length dependant distribution where neurophysiology reveals axonal damage. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26961897/ 多发性神经病变 10036111 polyneuropathy idiopathic progressive AE This is an AE which is a rare, fluid-filled neuroglial cavity within the spinal cord (syringomyelia), in the brain stem (syringobulbia), or in the nerves of the elbow, usually in a young age. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Syrinx_(medicine) 先天性中枢神经系统异常 10010411 congenital central nervous system anomaly AE This is an AE which refers to types of paralysis and occurs on cranial nerve caused by multiple reasons. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Palsy 颅神经多发性麻痹 10011314 cranial nerve palsies multiple AE This is an AE which is any loss of nerve supply regardless of the cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Denervation 去神经萎缩 10049643 denervation atrophy AE This is an AE which is a condition typified by a weakness of voluntary movement, or by partial loss of voluntary movement or by impaired movement and its occurs on IVth nerve. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paresis ivth神经麻痹性痴呆 10054201 ivth nerve paresis AE This is an AE which refers to long thoracic nerve of paralysis, often accompanied by weakness and the loss of feeling and uncontrolled body movements such as shaking. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Palsy 胸长神经麻痹 10067925 long thoracic nerve palsy AE This is an AE which is paralysis caused by illness or injury that results in the partial or total loss of use of all four limbs and torso; paraplegia is similar but does not affect the arms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tetraplegia 颈脊髓麻痹 10057276 cervical spinal cord paralysis AE This is an AE which is a localized bleeding outside of blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries and it is spontaneous. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 自发性血肿 10065304 spontaneous hematoma AE This is an AE which is a symptom related to a spectrum of disorders characterized by unintentional and purposeless motions and restlessness, often but not always accompanied by emotional distress. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Psychomotor_agitation 精神运动过度活跃 10037211 psychomotor hyperactivity AE This is an AE which is any deliberate interruption of signals traveling along a nerve, often for the purpose of pain relief. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nerve_block 神经阻滞 10029173 nerve block AE This is an AE which is deterioration in the medical sense and it is the change from a higher to a lower form nerve. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Degeneration_(medical) 神经变性 10056677 nerve degeneration AE This is an AE which is injury to nervous tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nerve_injury 神经损伤 10052897 nerve injury AE This is an AE which will produce functional disability. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28453446/ 神经根损伤 10061310 nerve root injury AE This is an AE which is a disease of the cervical spine and a space-occupying lesion that occurs because of pathological problems with cervical nerve roots. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28453446/ 颈神经根损伤 10029183 nerve root injury cervical AE This is an AE which refers to a small class of medical conditions affecting the nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nervous_system_disease 神经系统紊乱 10029202 nervous system disorder AE This is an AE which is injury to nervous tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nerve_injury 神经系统损伤 10080898 nervous system injury AE This is an AE which are a group of birth defects in which an opening in the spine or cranium remains from early in human development. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neural_tube_defect 神经管缺陷 10052046 neural tube defect AE This is an AE which is a syndrome of unknown cause; although many specific risk factors have been identified (such as; post-operatively, post-infectious, post-traumatic or post-vaccination), the cause is still unknown. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Parsonage%E2%80%93Turner_syndrome 神经性肌萎缩 10029229 neuralgic amyotrophy AE This is an AE which is a usually benign nerve sheath tumor composed of Schwann cells, which normally produce the insulating myelin sheath covering peripheral nerves. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Schwannoma 神经膜瘤 10029234 neurilemmoma AE This is an AE which is a usually benign nerve sheath tumor composed of Schwann cells, which normally produce the insulating myelin sheath covering peripheral nerves. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Schwannoma 良性神经膜瘤 10029235 neurilemmoma benign AE This is an AE which is inflammation of a cranial nerveor the general inflammation of the peripheral nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuritis 神经炎颅 10029244 neuritis cranial AE This is an AE which is a type of cancer that forms in certain types of nerve tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuroblastoma 神经母细胞瘤 10029260 neuroblastoma AE This is an AE which is the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, which may ultimately involve cell death. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neurodegeneration 神经退行性疾病 10053643 neurodegenerative disorder AE This is an AE which is a skin disorder characterized by chronic itching and scratching. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lichen_simplex_chronicus 神经性皮炎 10029263 neurodermatitis AE This is an AE which is a group of disorders that affect the development of the nervous system, leading to abnormal brain function which may affect emotion, learning ability, self-control, and memory. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neurodevelopmental_disorder 神经发育障碍 10064062 neuro developmental disorder AE This is an AE which are neoplasms that arise from cells of the endocrine (hormonal) and nervous systems. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumor 神经内分泌肿瘤 10052399 neuroendocrine tumor AE This is an AE which is a benign nerve-sheath tumor in the peripheral nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neurofibroma 神经纤维瘤 10029267 neurofibroma AE This is an AE which is a group of three conditions in which tumors grow in the nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neurofibromatosis 神经纤维瘤病 10029268 neurofibromatosis AE This is an AE which is the inability to control defecation due to a deterioration of or injury to the nervous system, resulting in faecal incontinence or constipation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neurogenic_bowel_dysfunction 神经源性肠 10048657 neurogenic bowel AE This is an AE which is a distributive type of shock resulting in hypotension (low blood pressure), often with bradycardia (slowed heart rate), caused by disruption of autonomic nervous system pathways. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neurogenic_shock 神经源性休克 10058119 neurogenic shock AE This is an AE which is a neuropsychological condition in which, after damage to one hemisphere of the brain is sustained, a deficit in attention to and awareness of one side of the field of vision is observed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemispatial_neglect 神经系统忽视综合症 10029289 neurologic neglect syndrome AE This is an AE which is any mental neurologic disorder that manifests as physical symptoms that suggest illness or injury, but cannot be explained fully by a general medical condition or by the direct effect of a substance, and are not attributable to another mental disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Somatic_symptom_disorder 神经躯体症状障碍 10078080 neurologic somatic symptom disorder AE This is an AE which is a drooping or falling of the upper eyelid caused by neurological disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ptosis_(eyelid) 眼睑神经障碍 10061312 neurological eyelid disorder AE This is an AE which block neuromuscular transmission at the neuromuscular junction, causing paralysis of the affected skeletal muscles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuromuscular-blocking_drug 神经肌肉阻滞 10029315 neuromuscular blockade AE This is an AE which ailments that impair the functioning of the muscles, either directly, being pathologies of the voluntary muscle, or indirectly, being pathologies of nerves or neuromuscular junctions and it will cause pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuromuscular_disease 神经肌肉疼痛 10074313 neuromuscular pain AE This is an AE which is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage neuromuscular. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Toxicity 神经肌肉毒性 10062284 neuromuscular toxicity AE This is an AE which is a form of peripheral nerve hyperexcitability that causes spontaneous muscular activity resulting from repetitive motor unit action potentials of peripheral origin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuromyotonia 神经性肌强直 10072359 neuromyotonia AE This is an AE which refers to progressive degeneration of a weight-bearing joint and musclar , a process marked by bony destruction, bone resorption, and eventual deformity due to loss of sensation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuropathic_arthropathy 神经性肌肉萎缩 10075469 neuropathic muscular atrophy AE This is an AE which is a general term describing disease affecting the peripheral nerves, meaning nerves beyond the brain and spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy 周围神经病变 10029331 neuropathy peripheral AE This is an AE which refers to the neurological and psychiatric manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuropsychiatric_systemic_lupus_erythematosus 神经精神狼疮 10063663 neuropsychiatric lupus AE This is an AE which are the observed or detectable signs, and experienced symptoms of an illness, injury, or condition. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Signs_and_symptoms#Neuropsychiatric 神经精神症状 10078497 neuropsychiatric symptoms AE This is an AE which refers to a type of sarcoidosis, a condition of unknown cause featuring granulomas in various tissues, in this type involving the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neurosarcoidosis 神经类肉瘤病 10078011 neurosarcoidosis AE This is an AE which is a partial or total inability to hear caused by neurosensory. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hearing_loss 感觉神经的听觉迟钝 10067587 neurosensory hypoacusis AE This is an AE which is a class of functional mental disorders involving chronic distress, but neither delusions nor hallucinations. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neurosis 神经衰弱症 10029333 neurosis AE This is an AE which refers to infection of the central nervous system in a patient with syphilis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neurosyphilis 神经性梅毒 10029339 neurosyphilis AE This is an AE which is a form of toxicity in which a biological, chemical, or physical agent produces an adverse effect on the structure or function of the central and/or peripheral nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neurotoxicity 神经毒性 10029350 neurotoxicity AE This is an AE which refers to a condition where corneal epitheliopathy leading to frank epithelial defect with or without stromal ulceration (melting) is associated with reduced or absent corneal sensations. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29698813/ 向神经角膜病 10069732 neurotrophic keratopathy AE This is an AE which is a painful condition affecting the posterior head in the distributions of the greater occipital nerve (GON), lesser occipital nerve (LON), third occipital nerve (TON), or a combination of the three. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Occipital_neuralgia 枕神经痛 10068106 occipital neuralgia AE This is an AE which is the name of a dystonic reaction to certain drugs or medical conditions characterized by a prolonged involuntary upward deviation of the eyes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oculogyric_crisis 动眼神经危象 10030071 oculogyric crisis AE This is an AE which is a type of glioma that are believed to originate from the oligodendrocytes of the brain or from a glial precursor cell. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oligodendroglioma 少突神经胶质瘤 10030286 oligodendroglioma AE This is an AE which is associated with typical vascular risk factors and with one systemic disease in particular: giant cell arteritis (GCA). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31584535/ 光学缺血性神经病变 10030924 optic ischemic neuropathy AE This is an AE which can be defined as remote effects of cancer that are not caused by the tumor and its metastasis, or by infection, ischemia or metabolic disruptions. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17480225/ 多种神经综合症 10072106 paraneoplastic neurological syndrome AE This is an AE which resulting from a lesion involving the cisternal portion of the nerve prior to its anatomical bifurcation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16682550/ 麻痹性痴呆脑神经 10061911 paresis cranial nerve AE This is an AE which is a syndrome that causes episodes of increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paroxysmal_sympathetic_hyperactivity 阵发性交感神经过度活跃 10078476 paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity AE This is an AE which is a progressively worsening condition where muscles in the extremities gradually weaken. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multifocal_motor_neuropathy 多病灶的运动神经病变 10065579 multifocal motor neuropathy AE This is an AE which is a closed sac, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby perineurial tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 神经束膜囊肿 10051766 perineurial cyst AE This is an AE which is a medical condition caused by dissolved gases emerging from solution as bubbles inside the peripheral nerve tissues during decompression. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Decompression_sickness 周围神经减压 10057610 peripheral nerve decompression AE This is an AE which refers to damage to peripheral nerve beyond the capability to repair. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Destruction 周围神经损伤 10034584 peripheral nerve destruction AE This is an AE which resulting from trauma can be severe and permanently debilitating. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30187777/ 周围神经损伤 10034586 peripheral nerve injury AE This is an AE which is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of an peripheral nerve , usually caused by disease or trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lesion 周围神经病变 10067633 peripheral nerve lesion AE This is an AE which is the purposeful modulation of the nervous system's activity using invasive or non-invasive means on the peripheral nerve. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neurostimulation 周围神经神经刺激 10034587 peripheral nerve neurostimulation AE This is an AE which is a paralysis on common fibular nerve that affects patient’s ability to lift the foot at the ankle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peroneal_nerve_paralysis 外周神经麻痹 10058530 peripheral nerve palsy AE This is an AE which is a paralysis on common fibular nerve that affects patient’s ability to lift the foot at the ankle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peroneal_nerve_paralysis 外周神经麻痹性痴呆 10071663 peripheral nerve paresis AE This is an AE which is a nerve in the lower leg that provides sensation over the posteriolateral part of the leg and the knee joint. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Common_peroneal_nerve 腓神经损伤 10034700 peroneal nerve injury AE This is an AE which is a chronic disabling condition of the peripheral nerves, characterized by symmetrical distal numbness and paresthesia, often accompanied with pain and weakness. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26700499/ 慢性多发性神经病 10064135 polyneuropathy chronic AE This is an AE which is damage or disease affecting peripheral nerves (peripheral neuropathy) in roughly the same areas on both sides of the body, featuring weakness, numbness, and burning pain in malignant disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Polyneuropathy 恶性疾病中的多神经病变 10036115 polyneuropathy in malignant disease AE This is an AE which is neuropathic pain that occurs due to damage to a peripheral nerve caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (herpes zoster, also known as shingles). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Postherpetic_neuralgia 后疱疹的神经痛 10036376 post herpetic neuralgia AE This is an AE which is a nerve in the human body that supplies the posterior portion of the upper limb and its funtion get injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Radial_nerve 桡神经损伤 10037749 radial nerve injury AE This is an AE whichis a problem associated with the radial nerve resulting from injury consisting of acute trauma to the radial nerve. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Radial_nerve_dysfunction 桡神经麻痹 10037749 radial nerve palsy AE This is an AE which is pain "radiated" along the dermatome (sensory distribution) of a nerve due to inflammation or other irritation of the nerve root (radiculopathy) at its connection to the spinal column. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Radicular_pain 神经根痛 10059604 radicular pain AE This is an AE which refers to a set of conditions in which one or more nerves are affected and do not work properly (a neuropathy). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Radiculopathy 神经根综合征 10052442 radicular syndrome AE This is an AE which is pain "radiated" along the dermatome (sensory distribution) of a brachial nerve due to inflammation or other irritation of the nerve root (radiculopathy) at its connection to the spinal column. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Radicular_pain 臂神经根炎 10037778 radiculitis brachial AE This is an AE which is a relatively common neurological disorder resulting from nerve root dysfunction, which is often due to mechanical compression. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25985461/ 颈神经根炎 10050092 radiculitis cervical AE This is an AE which is one of the most common disorders evaluated by neurologists and is a leading referral diagnosis for the performance of electromyography. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17445735/ 腰骶神经根炎 10050085 radiculitis lumbosacral AE This is an AE which refers to a set of conditions in which one or more nerves are affected and do not work properly (a neuropathy). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Radiculopathy 神经根病 10037779 radiculopathy AE This is an AE which a condition affecting the nerves of the peripheral sciatic nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuropathy_(disambiguation) 坐骨神经神经病 10048950 sciatic nerve neuropathy AE This is an AE which is a large nerve in humans and other vertebrate animals which is the largest branch of the sacral plexus and runs alongside the hip joint and down the lower limb and it maybe palsy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sciatic_nerve 坐骨神经麻痹 10039672 sciatic nerve palsy AE This is an AE which has been traditionally considered presenting with symptoms reflecting the length-dependent impairment of unmyelinated C and thinly myelinated A@ fibres, most commonly reported as burning feet. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28665811/ 小纤维神经病 10073928 small fibre neuropathy AE This is an AE which is a rapid-onset muscle weakness caused by the immune system damaging the peripheral nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Guillain%E2%80%93Barr%C3%A9_syndrome#Clinical_subtypes 亚急性炎性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病 10081726 subacute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy AE This is an AE which refers to damage to sympathetic nerve beyond the capability to repair. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Destruction 交感神经破坏 10042740 sympathetic nerve destruction AE This is an AE which is one of two divisions of the autonomic nervous system, along with the parasympathetic nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sympathetic_nervous_system#Sympathicotonia 交感神经症 10051691 sympathicotonia AE This is an AE which includes those caused by industrial toxins (organic solvents and organophosphates), heavy metals (arsenic, thallium, and lead), drugs and alcohol. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21897232/ 中毒性神经病 10067722 toxic neuropathy AE This is an AE which is a condition typified by a weakness of voluntary movement, or by partial loss of voluntary movement or by impaired movement caused by trigeminal nerve. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paresis 三叉神经麻痹 10068008 trigeminal nerve paresis AE This is an AE which refers to various types of paralysis, often accompanied by weakness and the loss of feeling and uncontrolled body movements such as shaking and occurs on trigeminal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Palsy 三叉神经麻痹 10049788 trigeminal palsy AE This is an AE which takes three clinical forms: meningitis (TBM), intracranial tuberculoma, and spinal arachnoiditis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28281443/ 中枢神经系统结核 10061391 tuberculosis of central nervous system AE This is an AE which result in both sensory and motor deficits within the hand. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25442770/ 尺神经损伤 10045378 ulnar nerve injury AE This is an AE which is a chronic clinical condition characterized by a delayed onset ulnar neuropathy after an injury to the elbow. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30939566/ 尺神经麻痹 10059790 ulnar nerve palsy AE This is an AE which is inflammation of a ulnar nerve or the general inflammation of the peripheral ulnar nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuritis 尺神经炎 10045380 ulnar neuritis AE This is an AE which Is an injury or abnormality that occurs in the neural pathway above the anterior horn cell of the spinal cord or motor nuclei of the cranial nerves. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Upper_motor_neuron_lesion 上运动神经元损伤 10046298 upper motor neurone lesion AE This is an AE which is the tenth cranial nerve or CN X, and interfaces with the parasympathetic control of the heart, lungs, and digestive tract and its function gets disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vagus_nerve 迷走神经紊乱 10061403 vagus nerve disorder AE This is an AE which is damage to the viiith nerve caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 第八神经损伤 10047409 viiith nerve injury AE This is an AE which is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of viiith nerve , usually caused by disease or trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lesion 第八神经病变 10062177 viiith nerve lesion AE This is an AE which is a loss of motor function in one or more muscles occured viith nerve . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paralysis 颅神经麻痹 10050040 viith nerve paralysis AE This is an AE which refers to a functional abnormality or disturbance on VIIth nerve. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Disorder 颅神经紊乱 10053646 vith nerve disorder AE This is an AE which is a loss of motor function in one or more muscles occured vith nerve . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paralysis 颅神经麻痹 10071044 vith nerve paresis AE This is an AE which is a nerve responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions which get injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Trigeminal_nerve 第五神经损伤 10047723 vth nerve injury AE This is an AE which is an injury to the spinal accessory nerve which results in diminished or absent function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and upper portion of the trapezius muscle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Accessory_nerve_disorder 副神经障碍 10060929 accessory nerve disorder AE This is an AE which is a benign tumor that develops on the vestibulocochlear nerve that passes from the inner ear to the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vestibular_schwannoma 听神经瘤 10000523 acoustic neuroma AE This is an AE which is a variant of Guillain–Barré syndrome. It is characterized by acute paralysis and loss of reflexes without sensory loss. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_motor_axonal_neuropathy 急性运动轴突神经病 10076658 acute motor axonal neuropathy AE This is an AE which is a variant of Guillain–Barré syndrome. It is characterized by acute paralysis and loss of reflexes without sensory loss. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_motor_axonal_neuropathy 急性运动感觉轴突神经病 10076657 acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy AE This is an AE which is acute damage or disease affecting peripheral nerves (peripheral neuropathy) in roughly the same areas on both sides of the body, featuring weakness, numbness, and burning pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Polyneuropathy 急性多神经病 10066699 acute polyneuropathy AE This is an AE which is an area of swelling (edema) of the lower layer of skin and tissue just under the skin or mucous membranes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Angioedema 血管神经性水肿 10002473 angioneurotic edema AE This is an AE which is an eating disorder characterized by low weight, food restriction, body image disturbance, fear of gaining weight, and an overpowering desire to be thin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anorexia_nervosa 神经性厌食症 10002649 anorexia nervosa AE This is an AE which sometimes called autoimmune neuritis, may be a forme fruste of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) associated neuropathy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_optic_neuropathy 自身免疫性神经病变 10070439 autoimmune neuropathy AE This is an AE which is a single autonomic seizure lasting between 2+ to 5+ minutes or two or more seizures within a five-minute period without the person returning to normal between them. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Status_epilepticus 自主神经发作 10049612 autonomic seizure AE This is an AE which is a nerve of the human body, that originates from the brachial plexus (upper trunk, posterior division, posterior cord) at the level of the axilla (armpit) and carries nerve fibers from C5 and C6 which it maybe get injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Axillary_nerve 腋神经损伤 10003879 axillary nerve injury AE This is an AE which is damage or disease affecting peripheral nerves (peripheral neuropathy) in roughly the same areas on both sides of the axonal and demyelinating body, featuring weakness, numbness, and burning pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Polyneuropathy 轴突和脱髓鞘性多发性神经病 10084153 axonal and demyelinating polyneuropathy AE This is an AE which is a rare, autosomal recessive[1] neurological disorder that causes disorganization of neurofilaments. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Giant_axonal_neuropathy 轴突神经病变 10003882 axonal neuropathy AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the central nervous system caused by bacterial. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 中枢神经系统细菌性脓肿 10004015 bacterial abscess central nervous system AE This is an AE which is a group of physical problems that occur when the group of nuclei in the brain known as the basal ganglia fail to properly suppress unwanted movements or to properly prime upper motor neuron circuits to initiate motor function and a type of symptom is haematoma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Basal_ganglia_disease 基底神经节血肿 10077031 basal ganglia hematoma AE This is an AE which is a group of physical problems that occur when the group of nuclei in the brain known as the basal ganglia fail to properly suppress unwanted movements or to properly prime upper motor neuron circuits to initiate motor function and a type of symptom is stroke. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Basal_ganglia_disease 基底神经节中风 10071043 basal ganglia stroke AE This is an AE which is a group of subcortical nuclei, of varied origin, in the brains of vertebrates and it is begin degeneration. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Basal_ganglia 基底神经节变性 10004153 basal ganglion degeneration AE This is an AE which is an outmoded term for a condition now designated as a form of conversion disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hysterical_Blindness 神经性失明 10005179 blindness hysterical AE This is an AE which is a cancerous glioma tumor in the brainstem. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Brainstem_glioma 脑干神经胶质瘤 10006143 brain stem glioma AE This is an AE which is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging; and excessive concern with body shape and weight. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bulimia_nervosa 神经性暴食症 10006550 bulimia nervosa AE This is an AE which is a psychiatric syndrome which presents a set of symptoms similar to those of heart disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Da_Costa%27s_syndrome 心脏神经综合症 10007592 cardiac neurosis AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the central nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 中枢神经系统脓肿 10061044 central nervous system abscess AE This is an AE which is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain and spinal cord which is got injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Central_nervous_system 中枢神经系统损伤 10081266 central nervous system injury AE This is an AE which is a group of blood cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and result in high numbers of abnormal blood cells and occurs on central nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Leukemia 中枢神经系统白血病 10066231 central nervous system leukaemia AE This is an AE which is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue in many parts of the central nervous system body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lupus 中枢神经系统狼疮 10076328 central nervous system lupus AE This is an AE which is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain and spinal cord and it has mass. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Central_nervous_system 中枢神经系统肿块 10054937 central nervous system mass AE This is an AE which is a tumor affecting the cental nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nervous_system_neoplasm 中枢神经系统肿瘤 10007958 central nervous system neoplasm AE This is an AE which is group of disorders that destroy blood vessels by inflammation and occurs on central nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vasculitis 中枢神经系统刺激 10061444 central nervous system stimulation AE This is an AE which refers to virus infections usually begin in the peripheral tissues, and can invade the mammalian system by spreading into the peripheral nervous system and more rarely the CNS. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Central_nervous_system_viral_disease 中枢神经系统血管炎 10081778 central nervous system vasculitis AE This is an AE which is caused by viruses that attack the CNS. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Central_nervous_system_viral_disease 中枢神经系统病毒感染 10061037 central nervous system viral infection AE This is an AE which is any disorder of the nervous system and occurs on congenital time. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neurological_disorder 先天性神经障碍 10062345 congenital neurological disorder AE This is an AE which is an impaired functioning of one of the twelve cranial nerves. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerve_disease 颅神经疾病 10061093 cranial nerve disorder AE This is an AE which are the nerves that emerge directly from the brain (including the brainstem) and get injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerves 颅神经损伤 10061094 cranial nerve injury AE This is an AE which is a loss of motor function in one or more muscles and occurs on cranial nerve. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paralysis 颅神经麻痹 10061908 cranial nerve paralysis AE This is an AE which is a paralysis of the arm caused by injury to the upper group of the arm's main nerves, specifically the severing of the upper trunk C5–C6 nerves. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erb%27s_palsy ERB麻痹 10015113 erb's palsy AE This is an AE which is pain in the distribution of a nerve or nerves, as in intercostal neuralgia, trigeminal neuralgia, and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuralgia 面部神经痛 10061594 facial neuralgia AE This is an AE which is a nerve in the thigh that supplies skin on the upper thigh and inner leg, and the muscles that extend the knee injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Femoral_nerve 股神经损伤 10016451 femoral nerve injury AE This is an AE which refers to various types of paralysis,often accompanied by weakness and the loss of feeling and uncontrolled body movements such as shaking and occurs on femoral nerve. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Palsy 股神经麻痹 10049789 femoral nerve palsy AE This is an AE which is a variant of neuroblastoma that is surrounded by ganglion cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ganglioneuroblastoma 节细胞神经母细胞瘤 10017708 ganglioneuroblastoma AE This is an AE which is a rare and benign tumor of the autonomic nerve fibers arising from neural crest sympathogonia, which are completely undifferentiated cells of the sympathetic nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ganglioneuroma 神经节细胞瘤 10017709 ganglioneuroma AE This is an AE which is a type of tumor that starts in the glial cells of the brain or the spine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glioma 神经胶质瘤 10018338 glioma AE This is an AE which is a nonspecific reactive change of glial cells in response to damage to the central nervous system (CNS). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gliosis 神经胶质增生症 10018341 gliosis AE This is an AE which is a loss of motor function in one or more muscles and occurs on glossopharyngeal nerve. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paralysis 舌咽神经瘫痪 10051270 glossopharyngeal nerve paralysis AE This is an AE which is pain in the distribution of a nerve or nerves, as in intercostal neuralgia, trigeminal neuralgia, and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuralgia#Glossopharyngeal 舌咽神经神经痛 10018391 glossopharyngeal neuralgia AE This is an AE which is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a localized area infection neurological. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Shingles 神经带状疱疹感染 10061208 herpes zoster infection neurological AE This is an AE which is frequently involved in head and neck afflictions as a result of its long course. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2698526/ 舌下神经麻痹 10069450 hypoglossal nerve paralysis AE This is an AE which refers to IIIrd nerve functional abnormality or disturbance. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Disorder iiird神经障碍 10053644 iiird nerve disorder AE This is an AE which is damage to the body caused by an external force and occurs on iiird nerve. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury iiird神经损伤 10021281 iiird nerve injury AE This is an AE which is a loss of motor function in one or more muscles and occurs on IIIrd nerve. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paralysis iiird神经麻痹 10021283 iiird nerve paralysis AE This is an AE which is a condition typified by a weakness of voluntary movement, or by partial loss of voluntary movement or by impaired movement and occurs on IIIrd nerve. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paresis iiird神经麻痹性痴呆 10054202 iiird nerve paresis AE This is an AE which is association with other neurological deficits. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16705532/ ivth神经麻痹 10023110 ivth nerve paralysis AE This is an AE which is a lesion which affects nerve fibers traveling from the lower motor neuron(s) in the anterior horn/anterior grey column of the spinal cord, or in the motor nuclei of the cranial nerves, to the relevant muscle(s). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lower_motor_neuron_lesion 下运动神经元损伤 10024962 lower motor neurone lesion AE This is an AE which is pain going down the leg from the lower back. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sciatica 腰椎神经根病 10050219 lumbar radiculopathy AE This is an AE which is a disorder of the network of nerves in the lumbosacral plexus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Plexopathy 腰荐神经丛病变 10075478 lumbosacral plexopathy AE This is an AE which refers injuries to the lumbosacral plexus are predominantly witnessed as bone injuries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lumbosacral_plexus 腰骶神经丛损伤 10025015 lumbosacral plexus injury AE This is an AE which depends on what portion of the plexus gets involved in the disease process. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25299286/ 腰骶神经丛病变 10025016 lumbosacral plexus lesion AE This is an AE which is pain going down the leg from the lower back. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sciatica 腰骶神经根病 10076578 lumbosacral radiculopathy AE This is an AE which is a nerve in humans and other animals in the upper limb and is injuried of median nerve at different levels causes different syndromes with varying motor and sensory deficits. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Median_nerve#Injury 正中神经损伤 10027067 median nerve injury AE This is an AE which is a common type of primary brain cancer in children. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Medulloblastoma 成神经管细胞瘤 10027107 medulloblastoma AE This is an AE which is a neurologic symptoms of neuroborreliosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuroborreliosis 脑膜神经根炎 10050169 meningoradiculitis AE This is an AE which is a general term describing disease affecting the peripheral nerves, meaning nerves beyond the brain and spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy 单神经病多路复用 10027918 mononeuropathy multiplex AE This is an AE which is a benign neuroma of an intermetatarsal plantar nerve, most commonly of the second and third intermetatarsal spaces (between the second/third and third/fourth metatarsal heads; the first is of the big toe), which results in the entrapment of the affected nerve. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Morton%27s_neuroma 神经瘤 10049691 morton's neuroma AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of the ventricles in the cns brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ventriculitis 中枢神经系统脑室炎 10009719 cns ventriculitis AE This is an AE which is to act in a way that is likely to elicit attention, usually to elicit validation from others. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Attention_seeking 寻求注意行为 10003739 attention-seeking behaviour AE This is an AE which refers to a set of brief unconscious behaviors. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Automatism_(medicine) 无意识行为 10003830 automatism AE This is an AE which repetitive unconscious gestures, such as lip smacking, in certain types of epilepsy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Automatism 无意识癫痫行为 10003831 automatism epileptic AE This is an AE which is romantic attraction, sexual attraction or sexual behavior between persons of the opposite sex or gender. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Heterosexuality 异性恋 10061108 heterosexuality AE This is an AE which is the description of the activity that will increase the probability that a person engaging in sexual activity with another person infected with a sexually transmitted infection will be infected or become pregnant, or make a partner pregnant. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Risky_sexual_behavior 高危性行为 10020082 high risk sexual behaviour AE This is an AE which is a tendency to act on a whim, displaying behavior characterized by little or no forethought, reflection, or consideration of the consequences. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Impulsivity 冲动行为 10021567 impulsive behaviour AE This is an AE which is a sleep disorder in which people act out their dreams. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rapid_eye_movement_sleep_behavior_disorder 快速眼动睡眠行为障碍 10077299 rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder AE This is an AE which significantly interferes with social engagement and characterises various psychopathologies. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32633192/ 社交回避行为 10041243 social avoidant behaviour AE This is an AE which is a disorder of the myelin sheath, which is a primary actor in the central nervous system and it also has herpes zoster. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meningococcal_myelitis 带状疱疹脊髓脊膜炎 10074251 herpes zoster meningomyelitis AE This is an AE which is a generic term referring to a disorder in which a cyst or cavity forms within the spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Syringomyelia 脊髓积水 10020523 hydromyelia AE This is an AE which is an infectious disease occured post vaccine transmitted by fecal-oral contamination with lymphatic replication . QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32644370/ 脊髓灰质炎疫苗后 10057226 poliomyelitis post vaccine AE This is an AE which is a group of latent symptoms of poliomyelitis (polio), occurring at about a 25–40% rate (latest data greater than 80%). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Post-polio_syndrome 脊髓灰质炎后综合征 10036239 post polio syndrome AE This is an AE which is a common disease that most primary care doctors encounter . QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29605415/ 脊髓疾病 10061367 spinal cord disorder AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels on spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 脊髓出血 10048992 spinal cord hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is rarely caused by vertebral artery dissection (VAD), which is an important cause of posterior circulation stroke in young and middle-aged patients. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31830940/ 脊髓梗塞 10058571 spinal cord infarction AE This is an AE which is spinal cord tissue death (necrosis) due to inadequate blood supply to the affected area. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infarction 脊髓感染 10049654 spinal cord infection AE This is an AE which is damage to the spinal cord that causes temporary or permanent changes in its function. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spinal_cord_injury?wprov=srpw1_0 脊髓损伤 10041552 spinal cord injury AE This is an AE which is damage to the cervical spinal cord that causes temporary or permanent changes in its function. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spinal_cord_injury?wprov=srpw1_0 脊髓损伤颈椎 10041553 spinal cord injury cervical AE This is an AE which is damage to the lumbar spinal cord that causes temporary or permanent changes in its function. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spinal_cord_injury?wprov=srpw1_0 脊髓损伤腰椎 10041555 spinal cord injury lumbar AE This is an AE which is a benign tumor made of fat tissue on the spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lipoma 脊髓脂肪瘤 10064898 spinal cord lipoma AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the spinal cord tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 脊髓水肿 10063036 spinal cord edema AE This is an AE which is a loss of motor function in one or more spinal cord muscles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paralysis 脊髓麻痹 10057268 spinal cord paralysis AE This is an AE which is a non-surgical procedure intended to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or on one or more compressed nerve roots passing through or exiting the spinal column. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spinal_decompression 脊柱减压 10041563 spinal decompression AE This is an AE which refers to a condition impairing the backbone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spinal_disease 脊柱畸形 10058907 spinal deformity AE This is an AE which refers to a condition impairing the backbone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spinal_disease 脊椎病 10061368 spinal disorder AE This is an AE which is a rare condition that usually presents with acute, severe pain at the location of the hemorrhage, with radiation to the extremities. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20675642/ 脊髓硬膜外血肿 10050162 spinal epidural hematoma AE This is an AE which is an intervention performed on spinal articulations, synovial joints, which is asserted to be therapeutic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spinal_manipulation 脊椎推拿 10041578 spinal manipulation AE This is an AE which is a rare neuromuscular disorder that results in the loss of motor neurons and progressive muscle wasting. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spinal_muscular_atrophy 脊髓性肌萎缩 10041582 spinal muscular atrophy AE This is an AE which is a type of radiographic examination that uses a contrast medium to detect pathology of the spinal cord, including the location of a spinal cord injury, cysts, and tumors. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myelography 脊髓造影 10057563 spinal myelogram AE This is an AE which was first explored by Whytt in 1750 as a loss of sensation accompanied by motor paralysis with initial loss but gradual recovery of reflexes, following a spinal cord injury (SCI) – most often a complete transection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spinal_shock 脊髓休克 10049679 spinal shock AE This is an AE which is a generic term referring to a disorder in which a cyst or cavity forms within the spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Syringomyelia 脊髓空洞症 10042928 syringomyelia AE This is an AE which is inflammation caused by the viral of the spinal cord which can disrupt the normal responses from the brain to the rest of the body, and from the rest of the body to the brain. Inflammation in the spinal cord, can cause the myelin and axon to be damaged resulting in symptoms such as paralysis and sensory loss. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myelitis 病毒性脊髓炎 10071763 viral myelitis AE This is an AE which is a serious condition of the spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_flaccid_myelitis 急性弛缓性脊髓炎 10082097 acute flaccid myelitis AE This is an AE which is a neurodegenerative disease[a] that results in the progressive loss of motor neurons that control voluntary muscles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amyotrophic_lateral_sclerosis 肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症 10002026 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis AE This is an AE which is a mass of cells (tumor) that lacks the ability to either invade neighboring tissue or metastasize (spread throughout the body) such as benign tumor of spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Benign_tumor 脊髓良性肿瘤 10004406 benign neoplasm of spinal cord AE This is an AE which is caused by damage to one half of the spinal cord, i.e. hemisection of the spinal cord resulting in paralysis and loss of proprioception on the same (or ipsilateral) side as the injury or lesion, and loss of pain and temperature sensation on the opposite (or contralateral) side as the lesion. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Brown-S%C3%A9quard_syndrome 脊髓半侧横断综合征 10006491 brown-sequard syndrome AE This is an AE which is the most common form of cervical spinal cord injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Central_cord_syndrome 中枢脊髓综合征 10054839 central cord syndrome AE This is an AE which describes any neurologic deficit related to the spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myelopathy 颈锥脊髓病 10008289 cervical myelopathy AE This is an AE which is a term used to describe a constellation of early-appearing social communication deficits and repetitive sensory-motor behaviours associated with a strong genetic component as well as other causes. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30078460/ 自闭症谱系障碍 10063844 autism spectrum disorder AE This is an AE which is a condition which persists for more than 6 weeks in duration and occurs in the absence of an identifiable provoking factor. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30984191/ 自发慢性荨麻疹 10072757 chronic spontaneous urticaria AE This is an AE which is the experience in which an individual perceives the surrounding environment from a different perspective, from a position outside of their own body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Autoscopy 自窥症；自见幻觉 10074080 autoscopy AE This is an AE which refers loss of the ability to read due to cerebral disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alexia 失读症 10001663 alexia AE This is an AE which is the inability to process sensory information. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Agnosia 失认症 10048663 agnosia AE This is an AE which is an acquired neurological disorder causing a loss in the ability to communicate through writing, either due to some form of motor dysfunction or an inability to spell. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Agraphia 失写症 10001508 agraphia AE This is an AE which is a deficit in memory caused by brain damage or disease, but it can also be caused temporarily by the use of various sedatives and hypnotic drugs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amnesia 失忆症 10061423 amnestic disorder AE This is an AE which is a mood disorder characterized by periods of depression and periods of abnormally-elevated mood that last from days to weeks each. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_disorder 双相情感障碍 10057667 bipolar disorder AE This is an AE which is a bipolar spectrum disorder characterized by at least one episode of hypomania and at least one episode of major depression. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_II_disorder 双相情感障碍ii型 10004940 bipolar ii disorder AE This is an AE which is a type of bipolar spectrum disorder characterized by the occurrence of at least one manic episode, with or without mixed or psychotic features. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_I_disorder 双相情感障碍i型 10004939 bipolar i disorder AE This is an AE which is a condition of abnormally deep sleep or a stupor from which it is difficult to rouse. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sopor_(sleep) 迷睡 10058709 sopor AE This is an AE which is the cumulative effect of not getting enough sleep. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sleep_debt 睡眠不足 10080881 sleep deficit AE This is an AE which is a rare form of circadian rhythm sleep disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irregular_sleep%E2%80%93wake_rhythm 睡眠节律紊乱 10080301 irregular sleep wake rhythm disorder AE This is an AE which is a state, during waking up or falling asleep, in which a person is aware but unable to move or speak. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sleep_paralysis 睡眠麻痹 10041002 sleep paralysis AE This is an AE which is a broad classification of sleeping disorders involving difficulty getting to sleep, remaining asleep, or of excessive sleepiness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dyssomnia 睡眠障碍 10061827 dyssomnia AE This is an AE which is characterized by reduced exercise capacity. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31584302/ 慢性左心室衰竭 10063083 chronic left ventricular failure AE This is an AE which refers a chronic condition due to mental or physical impairments arising before adulthood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mental_disability 精神残疾 10027353 mental disability AE This is an AE which is a mental disorder characterized by continuous or relapsing episodes of psychosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Schizophrenia 精神分裂症 10039626 schizophrenia AE This is an AE which is a mental disorder diagnosed when symptoms of schizophrenia are present for a significant portion of time (at least a month), but signs of disturbance are not present for the full six months required for the diagnosis of schizophrenia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Schizophreniform_disorder 精神分裂症 10039647 schizophreniform disorder AE This is an AE which is classified as “partial awakenings in which the state of consciousness remains impaired for several minutes without any accompanying major behavioural disorders or severe autonomic responses”. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Confusional_arousals 精神混乱的冲动 10067494 confusional arousal AE This is an AE which is an organically caused decline from a previous baseline mental functioning, that develops over a short period of time, typically hours to days. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Delirium 精神混乱的状态 10010305 confusional state AE This is an AE which is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mental_disorder 精神疾病 10061284 mental disorder AE This is an AE which is a temporary inability to maintain optimal cognitive performance. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fatigue#Mental 精神疲劳 10076757 mental fatigue AE This is an AE which is characterized by backward disequilibrium in a sitting and standing position, reactional hypertonia, an alteration of postural reactions, gait modifications, and fear of falling. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15152732/ 精神运动不适应综合征 10080662 psychomotor disadaptation syndrome AE This is an AE which is a chronic disorder of the nervous system characterized by recurrent, unprovoked focal seizures that originate in the temporal lobe of the brain and last about one or two minutes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Temporal_lobe_epilepsy 精神运动性癫痫发作 10037214 psychomotor seizures AE This is an AE which is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_disability 精神障碍 10027374 mental impairment AE This is an AE which is an abnormal condition of the mind that results in difficulties determining what is real and what is not real. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Psychosis 精神症状 10079254 psychotic symptom AE This is an AE which is the action of violently shaking one's head in rhythm with music. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Headbanging 头部撞击 10019191 head banging AE This is an Ae which is a cutaneous fungal infection (dermatophytosis) of the scalp. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tinea_capitis 头癣 10043866 tinea capitis AE This is an AE which may be a clinical manifestation of autonomic nervous system dysregulation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12172243/ 头晕劳累型 10013576 dizziness exertional AE This is an AE which is characterized by having difficulty returning to sleep after waking up during the night or very early in the morning. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Middle-of-the-night_insomnia 中期失眠症 10027590 middle insomnia AE This is an AE which is a state of tiredness, weariness, fatigue, or lack of energy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lethargy 呆滞 10041052 sluggishness AE This is an AE which is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by autonomic dysfunction, tremors, slow movement, muscle rigidity, and postural instability (collectively known as parkinsonism) and ataxia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multiple_system_atrophy 多系统萎缩 10064060 multiple system atrophy AE This is an AE which encompasses several types of dementia involving the frontal and temporal lobes.[3] FTDs are broadly presented as behavioral or language disorders. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Frontotemporal_dementia 额颞叶痴呆 10068968 frontotemporal dementia AE This is an AE which is an anxiety disorder in which an individual experiences excessive anxiety regarding separation from home and/or from people to whom the individual has a strong emotional attachment (e.g., a parent, caregiver, significant other, or siblings). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Separation_anxiety_disorder 分离焦虑症 10040045 separation anxiety disorder AE This is an AE which is a neurological examination finding elicited by a reflex test which can help verify the presence or absence of issues arising from the corticospinal tract. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hoffmann%27s_reflex 霍夫曼氏征 10058444 hoffmann's sign AE This is an AE which is a type of dementia characterized by changes in sleep, behavior, cognition, movement, and regulation of automatic bodily functions. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dementia_with_Lewy_bodies 路易体痴呆 10067889 dementia with lewy bodies AE This is an AE which is a disorder of the central nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuroborreliosis 螺旋体病 10052057 neuroborreliosis AE This is an AE which is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that begins in childhood or adolescence. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tourette_syndrome 图雷特氏症 10044126 tourette's disorder AE QY, JX, HY 感觉神经节炎 10066196 sensory ganglionitis AE QY, JX, HY 血管病性神经病变 10079036 angiopathic neuropathy AE QY, JX, HY 脊柱扁平化 10077756 spinal flattening AE QY, JX, HY 睡眠期节律紊乱 10041003 sleep phase rhythm disturbance AE QY, JX, HY 精神运动技能受损 10049215 psychomotor skills impaired AE This is an AE which is a disease characterized by a weeks-long course of thunderclap headaches, sometimes focal neurologic signs, and occasionally seizures. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reversible_cerebral_vasoconstriction_syndrome 大脑血管收缩 10059109 cerebral vasoconstriction AE This is an AE which is a Gram-negative bacterium that can cause meningitis and other forms of meningococcal disease with bacteraemia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neisseria_meningitidis 脑膜炎球菌菌血症 10058858 meningococcal bacteremia AE This is an AE which is a Gram-negative bacterium that can cause meningitis and other forms of meningococcal disease with carditis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neisseria_meningitidis 脑膜炎球菌性心炎 10027270 meningococcal carditis AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which poor spinal blood flow to the brain causes cell death. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stroke 脊柱中风 10082031 spinal stroke AE This is an AE which is a neurological condition in which the cerebellum is smaller than usual or not completely developed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebellar_hypoplasia_(non-human) 继发性小脑变性 10074943 secondary cerebellar degeneration AE This is an AE which is a perceptual disturbance experienced by some with epilepsy or migraine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aura_(symptom) 癫痫先兆 10015049 epileptic aura AE This is an AE which is a rare form of chronic, progressive brain inflammation caused by slow infection with certain defective strains of hypermutated measles virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Subacute_sclerosing_panencephalitis 全脑炎 10056332 panencephalitis AE This is an AE which is a relatively frequent occurrence in significant head trauma, and their detection is important, as even linear nondisplaced fractures can be associated with critical complications. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25086806/ 颅底骨折 10040960 skull fractured base AE This is an AE which is achieved in this model by injecting particles like blood clots (thrombembolic MCAO) or artificial spheres into the carotid artery of animals as an animal model of ischemic stroke. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Animal_model_of_ischemic_stroke#Embolic_middle_cerebral_artery_occlusion 脑动脉闭塞 10008089 cerebral artery occlusion AE This is an AE which is an abnormal narrowing in a cerebrovascular blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure such as foramina and canals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stenosis 脑血管狭窄 10061751 cerebrovascular stenosis AE This is an AE which is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord caused by staphylococcal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meningitis 葡萄球菌脑膜炎 10027255 meningitis staphylococcal AE This is an AE which is an important and common complication of chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapies. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30387077/ 中毒性脑炎 10014607 encephalitis toxic AE This is an AE which is associated with infectious complications, whereas emerging treatments, including anakinra and tocilizumab, may also result in increased susceptibility to certain infections. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31021956/ 免疫介导性脑炎 10083074 immune-mediated encephalitis AE This is an AE which is characterized by macrocephaly and typical neuroimaging findings, is considered as a self-limiting condition and is therefore rarely treated in infants. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21647596/ 外部性脑积水 10076670 external hydrocephalus AE This is an AE which is defined as inflammation of the meninges, in almost all cases identified by an abnormal number of white blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid and specific clinical signs/symptoms. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23958365/ 脑膜病 10061281 meningeal disorder AE This is an AE which is five main reasons for bacterial, viral, fungal, protozoal, and prionic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/List_of_infections_of_the_central_nervous_system 颅内感染 10082062 intracranial infection AE This is an AE which is inflammation with haemorrhagic of the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Encephalitis 脑炎出血 10014589 encephalitis haemorrhagic AE This is an AE which is inflammation and allergy of the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Encephalitis 脑炎过敏 10056387 encephalitis allergic AE This is an AE which is inflammation and infection of the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Encephalitis 脑炎的感染 10058805 encephalitis infection AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the brain caused by meningococcal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Encephalitis 脑膜炎球菌脑炎 10014597 encephalitis meningococcal AE This is an AE which is recognised as a central factor in the development of many neurological disorders, but much less is known about the role of the blood-brain barrier in psychiatric disorders. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28781208/ 血脑屏障缺陷 10057361 blood brain barrier defect AE This is an AE which is the effect of a intracranial growing mass that results in secondary pathological effects by pushing on or displacing surrounding tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mass_effect_(medicine) 颅内肿块 10077667 intracranial mass AE This is an AE which may refer to an abnormal growth that usually appears on a baby's neck or head. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cystic_hygroma 脑水囊瘤 10052370 cerebral hygroma AE This is an AE which means any allergic disorder or disease of the brain, especially chronic degenerative conditions. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Encephalopathy 过敏性脑病 10014627 encephalopathy allergic AE This is an AE which presents with symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and dizziness and thus mimics benign conditions such as viral gastroenteritis or labyrinthitis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25439292/ 栓塞性小脑梗死 10084072 embolic cerebellar infarction AE This is an AE which refers a protein encoded by the gene NODAL and responsible for left-right asymmetry. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nodal 结性节律 10029470 nodal rhythm AE This is an AE which refers to head was lacking in comfort. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Comfort 头部不适 10019194 head discomfort AE This is an AE which which occurs a few weeks after recovery from influenza is thought to be an autoimmune process associated with demyelination and vasculopathy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9316161/ 流感性脑炎 10058094 encephalitis influenzal AE This is an AE which is the thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Arteriosclerosis 脑部动脉硬化 10065559 cerebral arterio sclerosis AE This is an AE whichis vasculitis (inflammation of the blood vessel wall) involving the brain and occasionally the spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_vasculitis 脑部动脉炎 10008087 cerebral arteritis AE This is an AE which is an abnormal narrowing in a cerebral artery blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure such as foramina and canals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stenosis 脑部动脉狭窄 10063648 cerebral artery stenosis AE This is an AE which is a neurological sign consisting of lack of voluntary coordination of muscle movements that can include gait abnormality, speech changes, and abnormalities in eye movements. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ataxia 脑性共济失调 10050389 cerebral ataxia AE This is an AE which is a common feature of many of the diseases that affect the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_atrophy 脑部萎缩 10008096 cerebral atrophy AE This is an AE which is the accumulation of calcium salts in a cerebral body tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Calcification 脑部钙化 10066296 cerebral calcification AE This is an AE which is defined as a general or specific failure of the circulation, either cardiac. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_collapse 脑部循环衰竭 10008097 cerebral circulatory failure AE This is an AE which may refer to heart failure resulting in congestion in one or more organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congestion 脑部堵塞 10076929 cerebral congestion AE This is an AE which is a cerebral closed sac, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 脑部囊肿 10061445 cerebral cyst AE This is an AE which is a medical condition caused by dissolved gases emerging from solution as bubbles inside the cerebral body tissues during decompression. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Decompression_sickness 大脑减压 10052940 cerebral decompression AE This is an AE which may refer to relating to the brain disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral 脑部疾病 10054938 cerebral disorder AE This is an AE which is a form of dysgenesis in adults that alters the size and shape of their cells that lead to abnormal development. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysgenesis_(embryology) 脑发育不全 10056467 cerebral dysgenesis AE This is an AE which is a localized bleeding outside of cerebral blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 脑部血肿 10053942 cerebral hematoma AE This is an AE which is a sudden bleeding into the tissues of the brain, into its ventricles, or into both. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intracerebral_hemorrhage 脑出血 10008111 cerebral hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a sudden bleeding into the tissues of the brain occured on foetal, into its ventricles, or into both. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intracerebral_hemorrhage 脑出血胎儿 10050157 cerebral hemorrhage foetal AE This is an AE which is a form of hypoxia (reduced supply of oxygen), specifically involving the brain; when the brain is completely deprived of oxygen, it is called cerebral anoxia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_hypoxia 脑灌注不足 10065384 cerebral hypoperfusion AE This is an AE which is mainly found in patients with Alzheimer's disease and lacunar infarction, and becomes one of the main reasons of death and disability in diabetic patients. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28822176/ 脑微血管病 10067466 cerebral microangiopathy AE This is an AE which is abnormal differences seen in magnetic resonance imaging of the brain of Alzheimer's disease patients, associated with amyloid-modifying therapies, particularly human monoclonal antibodies. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amyloid-related_imaging_abnormalities 脑微出血 10067277 cerebral microhemorrhage AE This is an AE which refers to a group of pathological processes with various aetiologies that affect the small arteries, arterioles, venules, and capillaries of the brain with ischaemic. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20610345/ 脑小血管缺血性疾病 10070878 cerebral small vessel ischemic disease AE This is an AE which is the final product of the blood coagulation step in hemostasis on cerebral. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thrombus 脑血栓形成 10008132 cerebral thrombosis AE This is an AE which is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an apicomplexan. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Toxoplasmosis 脑弓形体病 10057854 cerebral toxoplasmosis AE This is an AE which is the presence of a blood clot in the dural venous sinuses (which drain blood from the brain), the cerebral veins, or both. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_venous_sinus_thrombosis 脑静脉窦血栓形成 10083037 cerebral venous sinus thrombosis AE This is an AE which can refer to various forms of transient loss of consciousness caused by cerebral ventricle such as syncope, or loss of postural muscle tone without loss of consciousness . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Collapse 脑心室塌陷 10073706 cerebral ventricle collapse AE This is an AE which is defined as dilation of the fetal cerebral ventricles and is a relatively common finding on prenatal ultrasound. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29705191/ 脑室扩张 10048824 cerebral ventricle dilatation AE This is an AE which is a rare congenital disorder characterized by the reduction or absence of functional peroxisomes in the cells of an individual. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Zellweger_syndrome 脑肝肾综合征 10053684 cerebrohepatorenal syndrome AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain causes cell death. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stroke 脑血管中风 10008190 cerebrovascular accident AE This is an AE which is an abnormal cerebrovascular connection between arteries and veins, bypassing the capillary system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Arteriovenous_malformation 脑血管动静脉畸形 10056371 cerebrovascular arteriovenous malformation AE This is an AE which includes a variety of medical conditions that affect the blood vessels of the brain and the cerebral circulation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebrovascular_disease 脑血管疾病 10008196 cerebrovascular disorder AE This is an AE which includes a variety of medical conditions that affect the blood vessels of the brain and the cerebral circulation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebrovascular_disease 脑血管机能不全 10058842 cerebrovascular insufficiency AE This is an AE which is a common CNS manifestation of mitochondrial disorders (MIDs) and has been reported in specific and non-specific MIDs. QY, JX, HY https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11011-018-0238-y 小脑萎缩 10008027 cerebellar atrophy AE This is an AE which is the lodging of an embolus, a blockage-causing piece of material, inside a cerebellar blood vessel. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Embolism 小脑栓塞 10067167 cerebellar embolism AE This is an AE which accounts for 5-10% of all intracerebral haemorrhages and leads to severe, long-lasting functional deficits. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28318366/ 小脑出血 10008030 cerebellar hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is characterized by reduced cerebellar volume, even though cerebellar shape is (near) normal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebellar_hypoplasia 小脑发育不全 10008033 cerebellar hypoplasia AE This is an AE which is an important cause of stroke that often presents with common and non-specific symptoms such as dizziness, nausea and vomiting, unsteady gait, and headache. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18848314/ 小脑梗死 10008034 cerebellar infarction AE This is an AE which may present in a completely different way from common stroke syndromes in the anterior cerebral circulation and can initially mimic benign vestibular neuritis and may later deteriorate into a life-threatening neurologic state. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29891068/ 小脑卒中 10079062 cerebellar stroke AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of cerebellar tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 小脑肿瘤 10061750 cerebellar tumor AE This is an AE which is an abscess caused by inflammation and collection of infected material, coming from local (ear infection, dental abscess, infection of paranasal sinuses, infection of the mastoid air cells of the temporal bone, epidural abscess) or remote (lung, heart, kidney etc.) infectious sources, within the brain tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Brain_abscess 脑脓肿 10006105 brain abscess AE This is an AE which is a bruise of the brain tissue and can be associated with multiple microhemorrhages, small blood vessel leaks into brain tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_contusion 脑挫伤 10052346 brain contusion AE This is an AE which is a form of hypoxia (reduced supply of oxygen), specifically involving the brain; when the brain is completely deprived of oxygen, it is called cerebral anoxia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_hypoxia 大脑缺氧 10006127 brain hypoxia AE This is an AE which is an abnormality of the structure of brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect#congenital_malformation 大脑畸形 10048409 brain malformation AE This is an AE which is an important feature that can be measured using various imaging modalities including X-ray, ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29849536/ 大脑中线移位 10069551 brain midline shift AE This is an AE which occurs when abnormal cells form within the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Brain_tumor 脑部肿瘤 10061019 brain neoplasm AE This is an AE which is a mass of brain cells (tumor) that lacks the ability to either invade neighboring tissue or metastasize (spread throughout the body). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Benign_tumor 良性大脑肿瘤 10006129 brain neoplasm benign AE This is an AE which is commonly called brain cancer and they invade and destroy the surrounding tissue, may form metastases and, if untreated or unresponsive to treatment, will generally prove fatal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 恶性大脑肿瘤 10006131 brain neoplasm malignant AE This is an AE which is excess accumulation of fluid (edema) in the intracellular or extracellular spaces of the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_edema 脑部水肿 10048962 brain edema AE This is an AE which is an auditory evoked potential extracted from ongoing electrical activity in the brain and recorded via electrodes placed on the scalp. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Auditory_brainstem_response 脑干听觉诱发反应 10049507 brain stem auditory evoked response AE This is an AE which falls under the broader category of stroke syndromes, or specific symptoms caused by vascular injury to an area of brain (for example, the lacunar syndromes). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Brainstem_stroke_syndrome 脑干中风 10068644 brain stem stroke AE This is an AE which is most commonly due to occlusion of the posterior circulation or mass effect from intrinsic space-occupying lesions. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31283463/ 脑干综合症 10063292 brain stem syndrome AE This is an AE which is a hemorrhage of blood between the skull and the periosteum of any age human, including a newborn baby secondary to rupture of blood vessels crossing the periosteum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cephalohematoma 头颅血肿 10008014 cephal hematoma AE This is an AE which is a major abnormality in the shape of head compared to the normal shape of that part. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Deformity 头畸形 10061199 head deformity AE This is an AE which is related to medical factors and early neurobehavior, but it may not be a good predictor of outcome when used in isolation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26709421/ 头滞后 10057870 head lag AE This is an AE which is tremor of the head and is of cerebellar origin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tremor#Titubation 摇头 10064950 head titubation AE This is an AE which is a condition in which circumference of the human head is abnormally large. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Macrocephaly 大头畸形 10050183 macrocephaly AE This is an AE which is a medical condition involving a smaller-than-normal head and may be present at birth or it may develop in the first few years of life. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Microcephaly 小脑症 10068320 microencephaly AE This is an AE which is a medical condition involving a smaller-than-normal head and may be present at birth or it may develop in the first few years of life. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Microcephaly 小头畸形 10027534 microcephaly AE This is an AE which is a condition characterized by an asymmetrical distortion (flattening of one side) of the skull. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Plagiocephaly 斜头畸形 10048586 plagiocephaly AE This is an AE which is an asymmetric deformation of skull due to various reasons; first birth, assisted labor, multiple pregnancy, prematurity, congenital muscular torticollis and position of head. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32380806/ 位置斜头畸形 10068711 positional plagiocephaly AE This is an AE which is a condition that affects the development of the human brain by multiple small gyri (microgyri) creating excessive folding of the brain leading to an abnormally thick cortex. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Polymicrogyria 多小脑回 10073489 polymicrogyria AE This is an AE which is a progressive, degenerative, genetic disease with multiple types, each of which could be considered a neurological condition in its own right. QY, JX, HY 脊髓小脑性共济失调 10057660 spino cerebellar ataxia AE This is an AE whichis a diverse group of rare, slowly progressive, neurological diseases, often inherited but of incompletely understood pathophysiology, which affect the cerebellum and its related pathways. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14521474/ 脊髓小脑疾病 10061551 spino cerebellar disorder AE This is an AE which is a rare childhood neurological syndrome and is characterized by the sudden or gradual development of aphasia (the inability to understand or express language) and an abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Kleffner_syndrome 获得性癫痫性失语 10052075 acquired epileptic aphasia AE This is an AE which is an inability to comprehend or formulate language because of damage to specific brain regions. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aphasia 失语症 10002948 aphasia AE This is an AE which is a type of severe heat illness that results in a body temperature greater than 40.0 °C (104.0 °F). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Heat_stroke 热射病 10019345 heat stroke AE This is an AE which is the most common type of ischaemic stroke, resulting from the occlusion of small penetrating arteries that provide blood to the brain's deep structures. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lacunar_stroke 腔隙性中风 10076994 lacunar stroke AE This is an AE which is sudden damage to the brain caused by a blow or jolt and it has one of the highest mortality and disability rates in the world. QY, JX, HY https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7607269/ 颅脑损伤 10070976 craniocerebral injury AE This is an AE which is a condition in which one or more of the fibrous sutures in a young infant's skull prematurely fuses by turning into bone (ossification), thereby changing the growth pattern of the skull. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Craniosynostosis 颅缝早闭 10049889 craniosynostosis AE This is an AE which is a break in one or more of the eight bones that form the cranial portion of the skull, usually occurring as a result of blunt force trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skull_fracture 颅骨骨折 10061365 skull fracture AE This is an AE which is bicoronal craniosynostosis is characterized by a wide, short skull. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Carpenter_syndrome 颅骨畸形 10062348 skull malformation AE This is an AE which is encephalitis due to herpes simplex virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Herpesviral_encephalitis 单纯疱疹性脑炎 10019953 herpes simplex encephalitis AE This is an AE which is meningitis associated with herpes simplex virus (HSV). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Herpesviral_meningitis 单纯疱疹性脑膜炎 10019956 herpes simplex meningitis AE This is an AE which is a medical condition that simultaneously resembles both meningitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the meninges, and encephalitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meningoencephalitis 单纯疱疹性脑膜脑炎 10074247 herpes simplex meningo encephalitis AE This is an AE which is characterized by recurrent clinical seizures and prominent interictal epileptiform discharges seen during the early infantile period. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26271793/ 癫痫性脑病 10077380 epileptic encephalopathy AE This is an AE which is a type of meningitis due to a herprs zoster infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Viral_meningitis 带状疱疹脑膜炎 10074259 herpes zoster meningitis AE This is an AE which is a medical condition that simultaneously resembles both meningitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the meninges, and encephalitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meningoencephalitis 带状疱疹脑膜脑炎 10074248 herpes zoster meningo encephalitis AE This is an AE which is tissue death (necrosis) due to inadequate blood supply to the affected area. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infarction 脑梗死 10061216 infarction AE This is an AE which is a particular abnormal change in appearance of white matter near the lateral ventricles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Leukoaraiosis 脑白质疏松症 10051765 leukoaraiosis AE This is an AE which is a group of usually inherited disorders characterized by degeneration of the white matter in the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Leukodystrophy 脑白质营养不良 10024381 leukodystrophy AE This is an AE which is a form of encephalitis, a disease characterized by inflammation of the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Limbic_encephalitis 边缘脑炎 10078012 limbic encephalitis AE This is an AE which is the three membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meninges 脑膜肿瘤 10061282 meningeal neoplasm AE This is an AE which is typically a slow-growing tumor that forms from the meninges, the membranous layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meningioma 脑膜瘤 10027191 meningioma AE This is an AE which is a set of symptoms similar to those of meningitis but not caused by meningitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meningism 假性脑膜炎 10027192 meningism AE This is an AE which is usually lethal unless appropriate antibiotics that cross the blood-brain barrier are given. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30273239/ 细菌性脑膜炎 10027202 meningitis bacterial AE This is an AE which is a potentially fatal fungal infection of mainly the lungs, presenting as a pneumonia, and brain, where it appears as a meningitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cryptococcosis 隐球菌脑膜炎 10027209 meningitis cryptococcal AE This is an AE which is a form of bacterial meningitis caused by the Haemophilus influenzae bacteria. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Haemophilus_meningitis 嗜血杆菌脑膜炎 10027241 meningitis haemophilus AE This is an AE which is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord caused by herps. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meningitis 脑膜炎疱疹 10027242 meningitis herpes AE This is an AE which is a form of bacterial meningitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meningococcal_disease#Meningitis 脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎 10027249 meningitis meningococcal AE This is an AE which is a viral disease caused by the mumps virus and complications include deafness and a wide range of inflammatory conditions, of which inflammation of the meninges. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mumps 脑膜炎腮腺炎 10027250 meningitis mumps AE This is an AE which is a serious medical condition in infants that is rapidly fatal if untreated. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_meningitis 新生儿脑膜炎 10058780 meningitis neonatal AE This is an AE which continues to be associated with high rates of mortality and long-term neurological sequelae and the most common route of infection starts by nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae, which must avoid mucosal entrapment and evade the host immune system after local activation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21734248/ 肺炎球菌脑膜炎 10027253 meningitis pneumococcal AE This is an AE which is a symptomatic meningitis infection caused by bacteria of the Salmonella type . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Salmonellosis 沙门氏菌脑膜炎 10027254 meningitis salmonella AE This is an AE which is a specific type of bacterial meningitis caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of the meninges—the system of membranes which envelop the central nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tuberculous_meningitis 结核性脑膜炎 10027259 meningitis tuberculous AE This is an AE which is a type of meningitis due to a viral infection and it results in inflammation of the meninges. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Viral_meningitis 病毒性脑膜炎 10027260 meningitis viral AE This is an AE which is a birth defect in which there is incomplete closing of the spine and the membranes around the spinal cord during early development in pregnancy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spina_bifida 脑脊膜突出 10027266 meningocele AE This is an AE which is a Gram-negative bacterium that can cause meningitis and other forms of meningococcal disease such as meningococcemia, a life-threatening sepsis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neisseria_meningitidis 脑膜炎球菌感染 10027274 meningococcal infection AE This is an AE which describes infections caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meningococcal_disease 脑膜炎球菌败血症 10027280 meningococcal sepsis AE This is an AE which is meningitis associated with herpes simplex virus (HSV). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Herpesviral_meningitis 脑膜脑炎疱疹 10027285 meningo encephalitis herpetic AE This is an AE which is a birth defect in which there is incomplete closing of the spine and the membranes around the spinal cord during early development in pregnancy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spina_bifida 脑脊膜脊髓膨出 10027287 meningomyelocele AE This is an AE which is a lysosomal storage disease which is commonly listed in the family of leukodystrophies as well as among the sphingolipidoses as it affects the metabolism of sphingolipids. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Metachromatic_leukodystrophy 异染性脑白质营养不良 10067609 metachromatic leukodystrophy AE This is an AE which refers to any syndrome or disorder of mental function whose cause is alleged to be known as organic (physiologic) rather than purely of the mind. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Organic_brain_syndrome 器质性脑综合征 10031077 organic brain syndrome AE This is an AE which is a fibrosing and inflammatory process, which involves the dura mater. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28413094/ 硬脑膜炎 10053658 pachymeningitis AE This is an AE which is a form of encephalomyopathy that is associated with a mitochondrial disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_encephalomyopathy 线粒体脑肌病 10058799 mitochondrial encephalomyopathy AE This is an AE which represents a syndrome of temporary or permanent disturbance of brain functions that occurs in different diseases and varies in clinical presentation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28084256/ 代谢脑病 10062190 metabolic encephalopathy AE This is an AE which is a hyperacute and frequently fatal form of ADEM. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_disseminated_encephalomyelitis#Acute_hemorrhagic_leukoencephalitis 白质脑脊髓炎 10048999 leuko encephalo myelitis AE This is an AE which is a form of hypoxia (reduced supply of oxygen), specifically involving the brain; when the brain is completely deprived of oxygen, it is called cerebral anoxia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_hypoxia 缺氧性脑病变 10021147 hypoxic encephalopathy AE This is an AE which is a neural tube defect characterized by sac-like protrusions of the brain and the membranes that cover it through openings in the skull. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Encephalocele 脑膨出 10014617 encephalo cele AE This is an AE which is a localized softening of the substance of the brain, due to bleeding or inflammation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_softening 脑软化 10051818 encephalo malacia AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the brain and spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Encephalomyelitis 脑脊髓炎 10014619 encephalo myelitis AE This is an AE which is defined by signs and symptoms of abnormal neurological function in the first few days of life in an infant born at term. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_encephalopathy 脑病新生儿 10014633 encephalopathy neonatal AE This is an AE which is a type of encephalitis that can result from a number of autoimmune diseases. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_encephalitis 自身免疫性脑炎 10072378 encephalitis autoimmune AE This is an AE which defines as an illness characterized by myoclonus, ataxia, nystagmus, oculomotor palsies, and bulbar palsy in various combinations, with or without neuroimaging. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22956971/ 脑干脑炎 10048997 encephalitis brain stem AE This is an AE which is discovered in Kern County, California and causes encephalitis in humans. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/California_encephalitis_orthobunyavirus 加州脑炎 10014584 encephalitis california AE This is an AE which is an important opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients but is rarely recognized in other groups. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8815757/ 脑炎巨细胞病毒 10014586 encephalitis cytomegalovirus AE This is an AE which is defined by the presence of an inflammatory process of the brain in association with clinical evidence of neurologic dysfunction caused by enteroviral. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25175874/ 肠病毒性脑炎 10063946 encephalitis enteroviral AE This is an AE which is encephalitis due to herpes simplex virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Herpesviral_encephalitis 脑炎疱疹 10014590 encephalitis herpes AE This is an AE which is an infection of the brain caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Japanese_encephalitis 日本乙型脑炎 10014596 encephalitis japanese b AE This is an AE which is an atypical form of encephalitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Encephalitis_lethargica 埃科诺莫氏病 10052369 encephalitis lethargica AE This is an AE which is a viral disease caused by the mumps virus and may occur encephalitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mumps 脑炎流行性腮腺炎 10014598 encephalitis mumps AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, called encephalitis, by a virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Viral_encephalitis 病毒性脑炎 10014612 encephalitis viral AE This is an AE which is a brain injury in which scattered lesions occur over a widespread area in white matter tracts as well as grey matter. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_axonal_injury 脑弥漫性轴索损伤 10066213 diffuse axonal injury AE This is an AE which is a rare endocrine condition featuring a low blood sodium concentration and dehydration in response to injury (trauma) or the presence of tumors in or surrounding the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_salt-wasting_syndrome 脑性盐耗综合征 10078827 csws syndrome AE This is an AE which is a head injury that temporarily affects brain functioning. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Concussion 脑震荡 10010254 concussion AE This is an AE which is the pathologic process that results in an area of necrotic tissue in the brain (cerebral infarct) with embolic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_infarction 栓塞性脑梗死 10060839 embolic cerebral infarction AE This is an AE which is a neurological condition characterized by encephalopathy, thyroid autoimmunity, and good clinical response to corticosteroids. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hashimoto%27s_encephalopathy 桥本脑病 10069432 hashimoto's encephalopathy AE This is an AE which is a cephalic disorder in which the prosencephalon (the forebrain of the embryo) fails to develop into two hemispheres. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Holoprosencephaly 前脑无裂畸形 10056304 holoprosencephaly AE This is an AE which is the common collective name for human betaherpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) and human betaherpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) and can be associated with encephalitis in the case of immunocompromised patients. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Human_herpesvirus_6 人疱疹病毒脑炎 10081897 human herpesvirus 6 encephalitis AE This is an AE which is a syndrome (a set of signs and symptoms) with encephalomyelitis that is the consequence of cancer in the body, specifically due to the production of chemical signaling molecules (such as hormones or cytokines) by tumor cells or by an immune response against the tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paraneoplastic_syndrome 脑脊髓脑炎 10069587 paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis AE This is an AE which can result from neonatal encephalopathy and perinatal arterial ischaemic stroke, usually at term, but also in preterm infants. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25686754/ 围产期脑损伤 10056392 perinatal brain damage AE This is an AE which is a form of white-matter brain injury, characterized by the necrosis (more often coagulation) of white matter near the lateral ventricles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Periventricular_leukomalacia 室周的脑栓塞 10052594 periventricular leukomalacia AE This is an AE which is a set of symptoms that may continue for weeks, months, or a year or more after a concussion – a mild form of traumatic brain injury (TBI). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Post-concussion_syndrome 脑震荡综合征 10057230 post concussion syndrome AE This is an AE which is a neurologic disorder caused by exposure to neurotoxic organic solvents such as toluene, following exposure to heavy metals such as manganese, as a side effect of melarsoprol treatment for African trypanosomiasis, adverse effects to prescription drugs, or exposure to extreme concentrations of any natural toxin such as cyanotoxins found in shellfish or freshwater cyanobacteria crusts. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Toxic_encephalopathy 中毒性脑病 10044221 toxic encephalopathy AE This is an AE which is a rare condition that is characterized by progressive damage (-pathy) to white matter (-leuko-) in the brain (-encephalo-), particularly myelin, due to causes such as exposure to substance use, environmental toxins, or chemotherapeutic drugs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Toxic_leukoencephalopathy 中毒性白质脑病 10075528 toxic leukoencephalopathy AE This is an AE which is a hyperacute and frequently fatal form of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis(ADEM). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_disseminated_encephalomyelitis#Acute_hemorrhagic_leukoencephalitis 急性出血性白细胞脑炎 10058994 acute haemorrhagic leukoencephalitis AE This is an AE which is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord caused by adenoviral. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meningitis 腺病毒性脑膜炎 10080442 adenoviral meningitis AE This is an AE which is rare but well recognised entity usually manifesting 1-4 weeks after anoxic exposure and characteristic subcortical white matter demyelination with necrosis of globus pallidus. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7644404/ 缺氧脑病 10050750 anoxic encephalopathy AE This is an AE which is a structural defect in the cerebellum, characterized by a downward displacement of one or both cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum (the opening at the base of the skull). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chiari_malformation 阿－基氏脑畸形 1003101 arnold-chiari malformation AE This is an AE which is a motor disorder caused by damage to the brain (specifically the posterior parietal cortex or corpus callosum) which causes difficulty with motor planning to perform tasks or movements. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Apraxia 失用症 10003062 apraxia AE This is an AE which represents a complex category of disease with diverse immunologic associations, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic outcomes. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21590620/ 自身免疫性脑病 10075691 autoimmune encephalopathy AE This is an AE which is a rare inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system,It may also affect the peripheral nervous system, and has features in common with both Miller Fisher syndrome and Guillain Barré syndrome. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bickerstaff_brainstem_encephalitis 比克斯塔夫脑炎 10076985 bickerstaff's encephalitis AE This is an AE which is a rare and fatal autosomal recessive degenerative disorder that causes progressive damage to nerve cells and loss of white matter in the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Canavan_disease 海绵状脑白质营养不良症 10067608 canavan disease AE This is an AE which is a rodent-borne viral infectious disease that presents as aseptic meningitis, encephalitis or meningoencephalitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymphocytic_choriomeningitis 淋巴细胞性脉络丛脑膜炎 10008761 chorio meningitis lymphocytic AE This is an AE which is an extremely rare cephalic disorder involving encephalomalacia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Porencephaly 脑穿通畸形 10036172 porencephaly AE This is an AE which is a rare condition in which parts of the brain are affected by swelling, usually as a result of an underlying cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Posterior_reversible_encephalopathy_syndrome 后部可逆性脑病综合征 10071066 posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome AE This is an AE which is commonly associated with significant morbidity. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=postresuscitation+encephalopathy 复苏后脑病 10068191 postresuscitation encephalopathy AE This is an AE which is a rare and often fatal viral disease characterized by progressive damage (-pathy) or inflammation of the white matter (leuko-) of the brain (-encephalo-) at multiple locations (multifocal). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Progressive_multifocal_leukoencephalopathy 进行性多灶性白质脑病 10036807 progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy AE This is an AE which is a rare inflammatory neurological disease, characterized by frequent and severe seizures, loss of motor skills and speech, hemiparesis (weakness on one side of the body), encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), and dementia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rasmussen%27s_encephalitis 拉斯姆森脑炎 10071141 rasmussen encephalitis AE This is an AE which is a common complication in septic patients and clinical presentation may range from mild confusion and disorientation to convulsions and deep coma. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30280261/ 败血性脑病 10069141 septic encephalopathy AE This is an AE which is a rare benign disease that can cause myelopathy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26585731/ 脊髓脑膜囊肿 10067375 spinal meningeal cyst AE This is an AE which is either caused by trauma including that arising from medical interventions or spontaneously sometimes in those with predisposing conditions. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebrospinal_fluid_leak 自发性脑脊液漏综合征 10073081 spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare form of chronic, progressive brain inflammation caused by slow infection with certain defective strains of hypermutated measles virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Subacute_sclerosing_panencephalitis 亚急性硬化性全脑炎 10042297 subacute sclerosing panencephalitis AE This is an AE which can present with a variety of sensory deficits that can be difficult to diagnose clinically because of their seemingly disconnected manifestations. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23269103/ 丘脑梗塞 10064961 thalamic infarction AE This is an AE which is an injury to the brain caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Traumatic_brain_injury 创伤性脑损伤 10060690 traumatic brain injury AE This is an AE which is a disease linked to the X chromosome and is a result of fatty acid buildup caused by a defect in the very long chain of fatty acids transporter in peroxisomes, which then causes damage to the myelin sheath of the nerves, resulting in seizures and hyperactivity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adrenoleukodystrophy 肾上腺脑白质营养不良 10051260 adrenoleukodystrophy AE This is an AE which means any disorder or disease of the brain caused by AIDs, especially chronic degenerative conditions. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Encephalopathy 艾滋病脑病 10049072 aids encephalopathy AE This is an AE which is a communication disorder resulting in incoherent talkativeness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Logorrhea 多语症，速语症 10024796 logorrhoea AE This is an AE which is a closed sac on the pituitary, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 垂体囊肿 10051687 pituitary cyst AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of pituitary tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 垂体增大 10048675 pituitary enlargement AE This is an AE which is tumors that occur in the pituitary gland. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pituitary_adenoma 垂体肿瘤 10035104 pituitary tumor AE This is an AE which is a pituitary mass of cells (tumor) that lacks the ability to either invade neighboring tissue or metastasize (spread throughout the body). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Benign_tumor 良性垂体肿瘤 10061538 pituitary tumor benign AE This is an AE which is characterized by the absence of a subjacent cerebral lesion and neurological or intellectual deficit. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11785036/ 特发性局灶性癫痫 10076552 idiopathic partial epilepsy AE This is an AE which is seizures which affect initially only one hemisphere of the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Focal_seizure 部分癫痫发作 10061334 partial seizures AE This is an AE which is a group of non-communicable neurological disorders characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Epilepsy 癫痫 10015037 epilepsy AE This is an AE which is a single seizure lasting more than 5 minutes or two or more seizures within a five-minute period without the person returning to normal between them. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Status_epilepticus 癫痫持续状态 10041962 status epilepticus AE This is an AE which is common, particularly in the setting of medically refractory epilepsy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25695133/ 癫痫发作群 10071350 seizure cluster AE This is an AE which is primarily a disorder of childhood. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/414604/ 癫痫小发作癫痫 10034759 petit mal epilepsy AE This is an AE which is a neurological disorder that is characterized by brief, recurring seizures that arise in the frontal lobes of the brain, often while the patient is sleeping. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Frontal_lobe_epilepsy 额叶癫痫 10049424 frontal lobe epilepsy AE This is an AE which should be recognized as a discrete epileptic syndrome. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21093732/ 非典型良性部分癫痫 10056699 atypical benign partial epilepsy AE This is an AE which is a period of symptoms due to abnormally excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain caused by hyperglycaemic . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Seizure 高血糖癫痫发作 10071394 hyperglycaemic seizure AE This is an AE which is divided into simple and dyscognitive, with the latter resulting in the alteration of consciousness. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28362654/ 局灶性认知障碍癫痫发作 10079424 focal dyscognitive seizures AE This is an AE which is the most common epilepsy syndrome in childhood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rolandic_epilepsy 良性中央癫痫 10070530 benign rolandic epilepsy AE This is an AE which is subdivided into syndromes based on clinical and EEG features. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17223580/ 特发性全身性癫痫 10071081 idiopathic generalised epilepsy AE This is an AE which is a type of seizure that consists of partial or complete loss of muscle tone that is caused by temporary alterations in brain function. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atonic_seizure 无源性癫痫发作 10003628 atonic seizures AE This is an AE which is a period of symptoms due to abnormally excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain and is psychogenic . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Seizure 心因性癫痫发作 10058895 psychogenic seizure AE This is an AE which is condition that affects one side of the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemiplegic_migraine 偏瘫型偏头痛 10019476 hemiplegic migraine AE This is an AE which is a complication of migraine (with or without aura), representing an attack that lasts for more than 72 h. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30198804/ 偏头痛状态 10052945 status migrainosus AE This is an AE which is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent severe headaches on one side of the head, typically around the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cluster_headache 丛集性头痛 10059133 cluster headache AE This is an AE which is the decreased (hypo) secretion of one or more of the eight hormones normally produced by the pituitary gland at the base of the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypopituitarism 垂体机能减退 10021067 hypopituitarism AE This is an AE which is a particular abnormal change in appearance of white matter near the lateral ventricles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Leukoaraiosis 白质病变 10072731 white matter lesion AE This is an AE which is basal ganglia tissue death (necrosis) due to inadequate blood supply to the affected area. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infarction 基底节梗塞 10069020 basal ganglia infarction AE This is an AE which is a primary headache disorder characterized by recurrent headaches that are moderate to severe. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Migraine 基底性偏头痛 10050258 basilar migraine AE This is an AE which is an anatomical feature of the infant human skull comprising soft membranous gaps (sutures) between the cranial bones that make up the calvaria of a fetus or an infant and it is depressed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fontanelle 囟门凹陷 10053214 fontanelle depressed AE This is an AE which case as a patient with a bulging fontanelle, normal neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and absence of a depressed level of consciousness, focal neurologic findings, or identified cause. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16291356/ 囟门膨大 10016945 fontanelle bulging AE This is an AE which includes achondroplasia, hypothyroidism, Down syndrome, increased intracranial pressure, and rickets. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12825844/ 囟门延迟关闭 10054034 delayed fontanelle closure AE This is an AE which has itself since been replaced by other terms QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_disability#Terminology 严重智力低下 10036791 profound mental retardation AE This is an AE which is a disease involving abnormal collections of inflammatory cells that form lumps known as granulomata. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sarcoidosis 结节病 10039486 sarcoidosis AE This is an AE which is any of three medical signs, all of which may occur in meningitis or meningism. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Brudzi%C5%84ski%27s_sign 布鲁金斯基征 10064010 brudzinski's sign AE This is an AE which is the yellowish appearance of cerebrospinal fluid that occurs several hours after bleeding into the subarachnoid space caused by certain medical conditions, most commonly subarachnoid hemorrhage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Xanthochromia 黄变症 10048213 xanthochromia AE This is an AE which is a fatal degenerative brain disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Creutzfeldt%E2%80%93Jakob_disease 克雅二氏症 10011384 creutzfeldt-jakob disease AE This is an AE which is a potentially fatal disturbance in brain functions that results when the normal balance of electrolytes in the body is pushed outside safe limits by excessive water intake. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Water_intoxication 水中毒 10047837 water intoxication AE QY, JX, HY 脑硬化 10059150 cerebrosclerosis AE QY, JX, HY 下丘脑-垂体疾病 10021111 hypothalamo-pituitary disorder AE QY, JX, HY 非感染性脑炎 10074712 noninfective encephalitis AE QY, JX, HY 脑炎后免疫 10014602 encephalitis post immunisation AE QY, JX, HY 脑炎后麻疹 10014604 encephalitis post measles AE QY, JX, HY 脑炎后水痘 10014603 encephalitis post varicella AE QY, JX, HY 癫痫样现象 10071048 seizure like phenomena AE QY, JX, HY 偏瘫 10078746 hemiparaesthesia AE QY, JX, HY 偏头痛 10067040 hemicephalalgia AE This is an AE which is an unfavorable result of a disease, health condition, or treatment and its maybe lead atrial fibrillation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Complication_(medicine)#Cardiovascular_complications 心脏手术并发症 10057461 cardiac procedure complication AE This is an AE which is any cardiovascular disease process involving one or more of the four valves of the heart (the aortic and mitral valves on the left side of heart and the pulmonic and tricuspid valves on the right side of heart). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Valvular_heart_disease 心脏瓣膜赘生物 10057651 cardiac valve vegetation AE This is an AE which are systemic diseases frequently affecting the heart and vessels. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32883041/ 风湿性心包炎 10034496 pericarditis rheumatic AE This is an AE which can be measured locoregionally to produce a map of systolic activity that reproduces the complex way in which the ventricle contracts. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31005299/ 心肌劳损 10066954 myocardial strain AE This is an AE which during thoracic surgery can have profound hemodynamic consequences and lead to devastating neurologic injury. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27871599/ 上腔静脉阻塞 10058988 superior vena caval occlusion AE This is an AE which is a devastating neurological disease for which there is no effective therapy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1434509/ 高血糖症 10080883 hyperglycinaemia AE This is an AE which is a fluid-filled space surrounding certain blood vessels in several organs, including the brain,potentially having an immunological function, but more broadly a dispersive role for neural and blood-derived messengers. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Perivascular_space 大脑血管周围间隙扩大 10068734 enlarged cerebral perivascular spaces AE This is an AE which is a group of disorders that destroy blood vessels by inflammation and it is diffuse. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vasculitis 弥散性血管炎 10012978 diffuse vasculitis AE This is an AE which is a group of disorders with with necrotising that destroy blood vessels by inflammation . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vasculitis 血管炎坏死 10047124 vasculitis necrotising AE This is an AE which is a mechanical occlusion of the extracranial vertebral artery(VA)due to physiological movement of the head and neck. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33353881/ 椎动脉闭塞 10048965 vertebral artery occlusion AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which injury to the large or small intestine occurs due to not enough blood supply. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intestinal_ischemia 血管功能不全 10054880 vascular insufficiency AE This is an AE which is a muscular organ in most animals, which pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system and heart is feel discomfortable. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Heart 心脏不舒服 10054211 cardiac discomfort AE This is an AE which is a pathological wound healing in which connective tissue replaces normal arterial parenchymal tissue to the extent that it goes unchecked, leading to considerable tissue remodelling and the formation of permanent scar tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fibrosis 动脉纤维化 10054793 arterial fibrosis AE This is an AE which is a rare complication in angiosarcoma. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23542097/ 心房破裂 10048761 atrial rupture AE This is an AE which is a syndrome defined as the new onset (de novo heart failure (HF)) or worsening (acutely decompensated heart failure (ADHF)) of symptoms and signs of HF, mostly related to systemic congestion. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32139695/ 急性左心室衰竭 10063081 acute left ventricular failure AE This is an AE which is a type of respiratory failure characterized. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndrome 呼吸窘迫 10049874 cardio-respiratory distress AE This is an AE which is a usually benign vascular tumor derived from blood liver vessel cell types. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemangioma 肝血管瘤 10018821 haemangioma of liver AE This is an AE which is a usually benign vascular tumor derived from bone blood vessel cell types. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemangioma 骨血管瘤 10072572 haemangioma of bone AE This is an AE which is an abnormal connection or passageway between an artery and a vein and the connection or passageway may be occlusion. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Arteriovenous_fistula 动静脉瘘闭塞 10058562 arteriovenous fistula occlusion AE This is an AE which is an abnormal connection or passageway between an artery and a vein. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Arteriovenous_fistula 动静脉瘘动脉瘤 10066916 arteriovenous fistula aneurysm AE This is an AE which is an abnormally dilated vessel occured on splenic with a tortuous course and haemorrhagic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Varices 脾静脉曲张出血 10068662 splenic varices hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels on pregnancy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 妊娠出血 10018981 hemorrhage in pregnancy AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels occured on subcutaneous. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 皮下出血 10018999 hemorrhage subcutaneous AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels occured on subepidermal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 表皮下出血 10019001 hemorrhage subepidermal AE This is an AE which is characterized by various clinical manifestations and immunologic abnormalities. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28675998/ 心包炎红斑狼疮 10058149 pericarditis lupus AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the pleuro pericardium (the fibrous sac surrounding the heart). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pericarditis 胸膜心包炎 10059361 pleuro pericarditis AE This is an AE which is the formation of a pulmonary artery blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thrombosis 肺动脉血栓形成 10037340 pulmonary artery thrombosis AE This is an AE which is usually refers drug withdrawal such as clonidine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Clonidine#Drug_withdrawal 戒断性高血压 10048007 withdrawal hypertension AE This is an AE which is very high blood pressure with potentially life-threatening symptoms and signs of acute damage to one or more organ systems especially kidneys. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertensive_emergency 恶性高血压肾 10026674 malignant renal hypertension AE This is an AE which it is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of platelets with haemangioma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thrombocytopenia 血管瘤-血小板减少综合征 10058423 haemangioma-thrombocytopenia syndrome AE This is an AE which refers to a blood pressure measurements and is out of the range of 60-80mmHg at adults. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertension 舒张期高血压 10012758 diastolic hypertension AE This is an AE which is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_disease 心血管疾病 10007649 cardiovascular disorder AE This is an AE which is characterized by excessive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors associated with physical symptoms with cardiovascular. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30578985/ 心血管症状障碍 10078078 cardiovascular somatic symptom disorder AE This is an AE which is a perceptual disturbance experienced by some with epilepsy or migraine with cardiovascular. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aura_(symptom) 心血管征兆 10075534 cardiovascular symptom AE This is an AE which is a medical procedure by which an abnormally fast heart rate (tachycardia) or other cardiac arrhythmia is converted to a normal rhythm using electricity or drugs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cardioversion 心脏复律 10007661 cardioversion AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Carditis 心脏炎，心肌炎 10062746 carditis AE This is an AE which is a sudden loss of blood flow resulting from the failure of the heart to pump effectively occured on neonatal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_arrest 新生儿心脏骤停 10007516 cardiac arrest neonatal AE This is an AE which is a medical diagnosis of wheezing, coughing, dyspnea, bloody sputum, or shortness of breath due to congestive heart failure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_asthma 心病性哮喘 10007522 cardiac asthma AE This is an AE which is an injury to the heart as the result of blunt trauma, typically to the anterior chest wall. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blunt_cardiac_injury 心源性挫伤 10073356 cardiac contusion AE This is an AE which is a set of manifestations caused by the failure of the heart's function as a pump supporting the blood flow through the body; its signs and symptoms result from a structural and/or functional abnormality of the heart, that disrupts its filling with blood or its ejecting of it during each heart beat QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Heart_failure 心脏功能障碍 10079751 cardiac dysfunction AE This is an AE which is a syndrome defined as the new onset (de novo heart failure (HF)) or worsening (acutely decompensated heart failure (ADHF)) of symptoms and signs of HF, mostly related to systemic congestion. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32139695/ 急性心力衰竭 10007556 cardiac failure acute AE This is an AE which is a long-term condition, usually kept stable by the treatment of symptoms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Heart_failure#Classification_2 慢性心脏衰竭 10007558 cardiac failure chronic AE This is an AE which is an irregular and uncoordinated contraction of the cardiac muscle of atria. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fibrillation 心脏颤动 10061592 cardiac fibrillation AE This is an AE which a common abnormal heart rhythm. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Flutter 心脏扑动 10052840 cardiac flutter AE This is an Ae which is thickening of the walls of a ventricle (lower chamber) of the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_hypertrophy 心脏肥大 10007572 cardiac hypertrophy AE This is an AE which refers to an abnormal intrathoracic position of the heart. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21861958/ 心脏错位 10007585 cardiac malposition AE This is an AE which is a heart murmur that is primarily due to physiologic conditions outside the heart, as opposed to structural defects in the heart itself. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Functional_murmur 心脏有杂音 10007587 cardiac murmur functional AE This is an AE which is a term used in cardiac physiology that describes the volume of blood being pumped by the heart, by the left and right ventricle, per unit time. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_output 心输出量 10007594 cardiac output AE This is an AE which is a defect in the structure of the heart or great vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congenital_heart_defect 心脏间隔缺损 10064021 cardiac septal defect AE This is an AE which is a condition in which the heart becomes thickened without an obvious cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophic_cardiomyopathy 心脏中隔肥大 10057576 cardiac septal hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is the narrowing of the exit of the left ventricle of the heart (where the aorta begins), such that problems result. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aortic_stenosis 心脏瓣膜硬化症 10061082 cardiac valve sclerosis AE This is an AE which is a medical emergency resulting from inadequate blood flow due to the dysfunction of the ventricles of the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cardiogenic_shock 心原性休克 10007625 cardiogenic shock AE This is an AE which refers to a cluster of related risk factors for cardiovascular disease that includes abdominal obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and elevated cholesterol. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Epidemiology_of_metabolic_syndrome 心血管代谢疾病综合症 10082306 cardio metabolic syndrome AE This is an AE which is a technique in which a machine temporarily takes over the function of the heart and lungs during surgery, maintaining the circulation of blood and the oxygen content of the patient's body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cardiopulmonary_bypass 心肺分流术 10066123 cardio pulmonary bypass AE This is an AE which is a sudden loss of blood flow resulting from the failure of the heart to pump effectively. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_arrest 心肺骤停 10007617 cardio-respiratory arrest AE This is an AE which is a sudden loss of blood flow resulting from the failure of the heart to pump effectively at neonatal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_arrest 新生儿心肺骤停 10007618 cardio-respiratory arrest neonatal AE This is an AE which is a failure of smooth muscle fibers to relax, which can cause the lower esophageal sphincter to remain closed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_achalasia 贲门痉挛 10007645 cardiospasm AE This is an AE which has been a useful index of cardiac dilatation, and a value of 50% is generally considered to indicate the upper limit of normal cardiac size. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7666345/ 心胸比率 10068336 cardiothoracic ratio AE This is an AE which is a congenital malformation in which the heart is abnormally located either partially or totally outside of the thorax. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ectopia_cordis 心脏异位 10014144 ectopia cordis AE This is an AE which is some of the commonest congenital disorders seen in prenatal life and they can be anatomical or functional and can develop de novo or as a consequence of either maternal or fetal disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29716424/ 胎儿心脏疾病 10052088 foetal cardiac disorder AE This is an AE which occurs when transplanted heart is rejected by the recipient's immune system, which destroys the transplanted heart . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Transplant_rejection 心脏移植排斥反应 10019315 heart transplant rejection AE This is an AE which is a one-way valve that normally allows blood to flow in only one direction through the heart and its functions are incompleted. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Heart_valve 心脏瓣膜功能不全 10067660 heart valve incompetence AE This is an AE which is a type of complications of high blood pressure that affect the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertensive_heart_disease 高血压心脏肥大 10020801 hypertensive cardiomegaly AE This is an AE which includes a variety of medical conditions that affect the blood vessels of the brain and the cerebral circulation caused by hypertensive. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebrovascular_disease 高血压脑血管疾病 10077000 hypertensive cerebrovascular disease AE This is an AE which is very high blood pressure with potentially life-threatening symptoms and signs of acute damage to one or more organ systems (especially brain, eyes, heart, aorta, or kidneys). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertensive_emergency 高血压急症 10058179 hypertensive emergency AE This is an AE which is general brain dysfunction due to significantly high blood pressure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertensive_encephalopathy 高血压脑病 10020803 hypertensive encephalopathy AE This is an AE which includes a number of complications of high blood pressure that affect the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertensive_heart_disease 高血压心脏病 10020823 hypertensive heart disease AE This is an AE which is a clinical situation in which blood pressure is very high (e.g., 220/125 mmHg) with minimal or no symptoms, and no signs or symptoms indicating acute organ damage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertensive_urgency 高血压急症 10058181 hypertensive urgency AE This is an AE which refers to valvular heart disease resulting from rheumatic fever. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Valvular_heart_disease#Inflammatory_disorders 风湿性心脏病 10062110 rheumatic heart disease AE This is an AE which moved from hearts with only one ventricle connected with atria [double inlet ventricle or absent atrioventricular (AV) connection] to hearts not amenable to biventricular repair, namely hearts with two ventricles unable to sustain separately pulmonary and systemic circulations in sequence. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25072035/ 单心室心脏 10045545 univentricular heart AE This is an AE which is a surgical transplant procedure performed on patients with end-stage heart failure or severe coronary artery disease when other medical or surgical treatments have failed and the surgical appear complications. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Heart_transplantation 移植心脏并发症 10010184 complications of transplanted heart AE This is an AE which is when bleeding occurs between the tough outer membrane covering the brain (dura mater) and the skull. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Epidural_hematoma 硬膜外血肿 10015769 extradural hematoma AE This is an AE which is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins, bypassing the capillary system with haemorrhagic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Arteriovenous_malformation 出血热动静脉畸形 10064595 haemorrhagic arteriovenous malformation AE This is an AE which is bleeding within the skull. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intracranial_hemorrhage 颅内出血 10018985 hemorrhage intracranial AE This is an AE which is a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin in the blood or a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen caused by haemorrhagic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anemia 出血性贫血 10052293 haemorrhagic anemia AE This is an AE which is the pathologic process that results in an area of necrotic tissue in the brain (cerebral infarct) with haemorrhagic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_infarction 出血性脑梗死 10019005 haemorrhagic cerebral infarction AE This is an AE which having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue and haemorrhagic . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 出血性囊肿 10059189 haemorrhagic cyst AE This is an AE which is a rare form of bleeding disorder that affects newborns and young infants due to low stores of vitamin K at birth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_K_deficiency_bleeding 新生儿出血症 10019008 haemorrhagic disease of newborn AE This is an AE which is the consequences of haemostasis dysfunction or defects. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26165091/ 出血性疾病 10019009 haemorrhagic disorder AE This is an AE which is tissue death (necrosis) due to inadequate blood with haemorrhagic supply to the affected area . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infarction 出血性梗死 10019013 haemorrhagic infarction AE This is an AE which appears as a complex cystic mass arising from an ovary, with a reticular pattern of internal echoes representing internal fibrin strands. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30309168/ 出血性卵巢囊肿 10060781 haemorrhagic ovarian cyst AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory condition of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli with haemorrhagic . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumonia 出血性肺炎 10077933 haemorrhagic pneumonia AE This is an AE which is a sudden bleeding into the tissues of the brain, into its ventricles, or into both. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intracerebral_hemorrhage 出血性中风 10019016 haemorrhagic stroke AE This is an AE which is part of the natural history of some forms of ischaemic infarction, especially cerebral embolism, but it can be precipitated or enhanced by therapeutic interventions used in the acute phase of ischaemic stroke. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23726850/ 出血性转换中风 10055677 haemorrhagic transformation stroke AE This is an AE which is a kind of skin rash with red, raised, itchy bumps with haemorrhagic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hives 出血性热荨麻疹 10059499 haemorrhagic urticaria AE This is an AE which is a group of disorders that destroy blood vessels by inflammation with haemorrhagic . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vasculitis 出血性血管炎 10071252 haemorrhagic vasculitis AE This is an AE which is cushions of submucosal vascular tissue located in the anal canal starting just distal to the dentate line and the anal canal is with haemorrhage. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19445775/ 直肠出血 10054787 haemorrhoidal hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a mostly inherited genetic disorder that impairs the body's ability to make blood clots, a process needed to stop bleeding. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Haemophilia 血友病 10061992 haemophilia AE This is an AE which is a condition of unrecognized origin which can become extremely serious and whose diagnosis is often made during perinatal autopsy and is often characterised by nonspecific clinical manifestations and a long delay before biological presentation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28748016/ 肝出血 10019677 hepatic hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a condition that occurs when blood enters the front (anterior) chamber of the eye between the iris and the cornea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyphema 眼前房出血 10020923 hyphaema AE This is an AE which is a loss of blood from a blood vessel that collects inside the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Internal_bleeding 内部出血 10075192 internal hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a bleeding into the brain's ventricular system, where the cerebrospinal fluid is produced and circulates through towards the subarachnoid space. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intraventricular_hemorrhage 脑室出血 10022840 intraventricular hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a devastating cause of stroke and is a devastating injury for which prompt, effective treatment can impact meaningful survival. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25498578/ 颅内血肿 10059491 intracranial hematoma AE This is an AE which is a bleeding into the brain's ventricular system, where the cerebrospinal fluid is produced and circulates through towards the subarachnoid space occurs on neonatal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intraventricular_hemorrhage 新生儿脑室出血 10022841 intraventricular hemorrhage neonatal AE This is an AE which refers to a part of the eye with haemorrhage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Iris 虹膜出血 10057418 iris hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body and covers the surface of internal organs and the membrane is haemorrhage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mucous_membrane 粘膜出血 10061298 mucosal hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body and covers the surface of internal organs and the membrane is hyperaemia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mucous_membrane 粘膜充血 10065334 mucosal hyperemia AE This is an AE which can cause complications such as nerve injury, compartment syndrome, myositis ossificans, pseudotumour, and even infection (abscess). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24914744/ 肌肉出血 10028309 muscle hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is an organ in vertebrates through which food passes, aided by peristaltic contractions, from the pharynx to the stomach and the organ is haemorrhage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Esophagus 食管大出血 10030172 esophageal hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a sudden inflammation of the pancreas with hemorrhagic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_pancreatitis 胰腺炎出血 10033650 pancreatitis haemorrhagic AE This is an AE which is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity with haemorrhage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pericardial_effusion 心包出血 10034476 pericardial hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is often associated with high morbidity and mortality and serves as an important clinical predictor of poor outcomes after intracranial haemorrhage (ICH). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28716276/ 出血后脑积水 10079859 posthaemorrhagic hydrocephalus AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the anus and the lining of the rectum with haemorrhagic, affecting only the last 6 inches of the rectum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Proctitis 出血性直肠炎 10036778 proctitis haemorrhagic AE This is an AE which is all the tissue in the body that is not hardened by the processes of ossification or calcification with haemorrhage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Soft_tissue 软组织出血 10051297 soft tissue hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels occured on splenic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 脾出血 10041647 splenic hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a recognized characteristic physical sign of endocarditis and other systemic conditions associated with splinter haemorrhages include systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, antiphospholipid syndrome, peptic ulcer disease, malignancies, use of the oral contraceptive pill, pregnancy and psoriasis . QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24273777/ 碎片出血 10041663 splinter hemorrhages AE This is an AE which is bleeding into the subarachnoid space the neonatal area between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater surrounding the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Subarachnoid_hemorrhage 新生儿蛛网膜下腔出血 10042317 subarachnoid hemorrhage neonatal AE This is an AE which is bleeding beneath the chorion membranes that enclose the embryo in the uterus and appears to occur due to partial detachment of the chorion membranes from the wall of the uterus. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32644443/ 绒毛膜下血肿 10072596 subchorionic hematoma AE This is an AE which is bleeding beneath the chorion membranes that enclose the embryo in the uterus and appears to occur due to partial detachment of the chorion membranes from the wall of the uterus. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32644443/ 绒毛膜下出血 10071010 subchorionic hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a type of bleeding in which a collection of blood—usually associated with a traumatic brain injury—gathers between the inner layer of the dura mater and the arachnoid mater of the meninges surrounding the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Subdural_hematoma 硬膜下出血 10042364 subdural hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is usually considered a single entity although the thalamus is composed of anatomically as well as functionally discrete subregions receiving blood from different arteries. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9009994/ 丘脑出血 10058939 thalamus hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a condition characterized by increased intracranial pressure (pressure around the brain) without a detectable cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Idiopathic_intracranial_hypertension 良性颅内高血压 10004277 benign intracranial hypertension AE This is an AE which is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels and the data is fluctuation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blood_pressure 血压波动 10005746 blood pressure fluctuation AE This is an AE which is the form of hypertension that by definition has no identifiable secondary cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Essential_hypertension 原发性高血压 10015488 essential hypertension AE This is an AE which is the development of new hypertension in a pregnant woman after 20 weeks' gestation without the presence of protein in the urine or other signs of pre-eclampsia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gestational_hypertension 妊娠期高血压 10070538 gestational hypertension AE This is an AE which is a condition characterized by increased intracranial pressure (pressure around the brain) without a detectable cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Idiopathic_intracranial_hypertension 特发性颅内高血压 10078904 idiopathic intracranial hypertension AE This is an AE which is very high blood pressure with potentially life-threatening symptoms and signs of acute damage to one or more organ systems (especially brain, eyes, heart, aorta, or kidneys). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertensive_emergency 恶性高血压 10025600 malignant hypertension AE This is an AE which is defined as systolic and/or diastolic BPs persistently equal to or greater than the 95th percentile for age, gender, and height. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29808264/ 新生儿低血压 10049223 neonatal hypotension AE This is an AE which is a medical condition consisting of a sudden and abrupt increase in blood pressure (BP) when a person stands up. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Orthostatic_hypertension 直立性高血压 10065508 orthostatic hypertension AE This is an AE which is defined by the coexistence of portal and pulmonary hypertension and is a serious complication of liver disease, present in 0.25 to 4% of all patients suffering from cirrhosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Portopulmonary_hypertension 肺移植性高血压 10067281 portopulmonary hypertension AE This is an AE which is the development of new hypertension in a pregnant woman after 20 weeks' gestation without the presence of protein in the urine or other signs of pre-eclampsia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gestational_hypertension 妊娠高血压 10036563 pregnancy induced hypertension AE This is an AE which is a condition in which high blood pressure is caused by the kidneys' hormonal response to narrowing of the arteries supplying the kidneys. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Renovascular_hypertension 肾性高血压 10038464 renal hypertension AE This is an AE which is defined as an elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Systolic_hypertension 收缩期高血压 10042957 systolic hypertension AE This is an AE which is a form of labile hypertension in which people exhibit a blood pressure level above the normal range, in a clinical setting, although they do not exhibit it in other settings. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/White_coat_hypertension 白大衣高血压 10051581 white coat hypertension AE This is an AE which is a usually benign vascular tumor occurs on intracranialderived from blood vessel cell types . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemangioma 颅内血管瘤 10022759 intracranial haemangioma AE This is an AE which occurs when there are unexpected changes in blood pressure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Labile_hypertension 血压不稳定 10023533 labile blood pressure AE This is an AE which occurs when there are unexpected changes in blood pressure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Labile_hypertension 高血压不稳定 10049079 labile hypertension AE This is an AE which is an ultrasound (US) visible lesion of the brain, which appears as echogenic streaks or spots in the arteries of thalamus and basal ganglia. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21648326/ 连状纹状体血管病变 10073774 lenticulostriatal vasculopathy AE This is an AE which is inflammation of small blood vessels (usually post-capillary venules in the dermis), characterized by palpable purpura and it is the most common vasculitis seen in clinical practice. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cutaneous_small-vessel_vasculitis 白细胞性血管炎 10024377 leukocytoclastic vasculitis AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which injury to the large or small intestine occurs due to not enough blood supply. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intestinal_ischemia 肠系膜血管机能不全 10027401 mesenteric vascular insufficiency AE This is an AE which refers to the subset of disorders affecting the structure and function of the coronary microcirculation, is prevalent in patients across a broad spectrum of cardiovascular risk factors, and is associated with an increased risk of adverse events. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30466521/ 微血管冠状动脉疾病 10072685 microvascular coronary artery disease AE This is an AE which is a cutaneous condition that presents as slowly growing, multiple, discrete but grouped, red to violaceous papules. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multinucleate_cell_angiohistiocytoma 多核细胞血管组织细胞瘤 10077003 multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma AE This is an AE which constitutes a prevalent, chronic, and progressive retinal degenerative disease of the macula that affects elderly people and cause central vision impairment. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33153227/ 新生血管老年性黄斑变性 10071129 neovascular age-related macular degeneration AE This is an AE which is the natural formation of new blood vessels (neo- + vascular + -ization), usually in the form of functional microvascular networks, capable of perfusion by red blood cells, that form to serve as collateral circulation in response to local poor perfusion or ischemia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neovascularization 新血管化 10029113 neovascularisation AE This is an AE which is a skin condition characterized by crops of small, tender, erythematous nodules on the legs, mostly on the calves and shins. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nodular_vasculitis 结节性血管炎 10029491 nodular vasculitis AE This is an AE which encompass a large and diverse group of underlying pathologies ranging from venous thromboembolism to congenital malformations to inflammatory vasculitides. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26024602/ 肺血管疾病 10061474 pulmonary vascular disorder AE This is an AE which encompasses inflammation in the pulmonary vasculature with involved vessels varying in caliber from large elastic arteries to capillaries. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25836645/ 肺血管炎 10037457 pulmonary vasculitis AE This is an AE which is a disease characterized by a weeks-long course of thunderclap headaches, sometimes focal neurologic signs, and occasionally seizures. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reversible_cerebral_vasoconstriction_syndrome 可逆性脑血管收缩综合征 10073240 reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome AE This is an AE which is skin condition that is a typical feature of rheumatoid arthritis, presenting as peripheral vascular lesions that are localized purpura, cutaneous ulceration, and gangrene of the distal parts of the extremities. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_vasculitis 类风湿性血管炎 10048628 rheumatoid vasculitis AE This is an AE which is an area of swelling (edema) of the lower layer of small bowel tissue just under the skin or mucous membranes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Angioedema 小肠血管性水肿 10051401 small bowel angiedema AE This is an AE which are rare and constitute only 1% to 2% of all vascular neurologic pathologies. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17493539/ 脊髓血管疾病 10061369 spinal vascular disorder AE This is an AE which is a form of dysautonomia characterized by an inappropriate drop in blood pressure while in the upright position. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypotension#Vasovagal_syncope 迷走性晕厥血管 10042777 syncope vasovagal AE This is an AE which refers to a recognized group of birth defects which tend to co-occur (see below). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/VACTERL_association 血管综合征 10066022 vacterl syndrome AE This is an AE which is a skin condition characterized by fixed urticarial lesions that appear histologically as a vasculitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Urticarial_vasculitis 荨麻疹性血管炎 10048820 urticarial vasculitis AE This is an AE which is any of a range of lesions from a simple birthmark to a large tumor that may be disfiguring. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vascular_anomaly 血管异常 10047050 vascular anomaly AE This is an AE which is a complex and highly regulated process that involves activation of cellular signaling pathways, circulating inhibitors of calcification, genetic factors, and hormones. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25435520/ 血管钙化 10051753 vascular calcification AE This is an AE which means any disorder or disease of the brain vascular , especially chronic degenerative conditions. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Encephalopathy 血管性脑病 10063661 vascular encephalopathy AE This is an AE which is a surgical procedure performed to redirect blood flow from one area to another by reconnecting blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vascular_bypass 血管移植 10067740 vascular graft AE This is an AE which is the use of transplanted or prosthetic blood vessels in surgical procedures and after surgical appears complication. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Graft_(surgery) 血管移植并发症 10064252 vascular graft complication AE This is an AE which is an outdated term to describe certain types of headache which were thought to be related to blood vessel swelling and hyperemia as cause of pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vascular_headache 血管性头痛 10047077 vascular headache AE This is an AE which is a devastating complication of acute knee dislocation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24554457/ 血管损伤 10047080 vascular injury AE This is an AE which is a blood vessel or lymph vessel abnormality. Vascular malformations are one of the classifications of vascular anomalies, the other grouping is vascular tumors. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vascular_malformation 血管畸形 10074979 vascular malformation AE This is an AE which is a tumor of vascular origin; a soft tissue growth that can be either benign or malignant, formed from blood vessels or lymph vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vascular_tumor 血管肿瘤 10055031 vascular neoplasm AE This is an AE which is when there is a local hematoma being contained by the surrounding tissue around an vascular artery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pseudoaneurysm 血管假性动脉瘤 10048975 vascular pseudoaneurysm AE This is an AE which is a condition of red or purple discolored spots on the skin that do not blanch on applying pressure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Purpura 血管性紫癜 10047097 vascular purpura AE This is an AE which is a change of the human skin which affects its color, appearance, or texture and causes by vascular disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rash 血管炎性皮疹 10047111 vasculitic rash AE This is an AE which is vasculitis (inflammation of the blood vessel wall) involving the brain and occasionally the spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_vasculitis 脑血管炎 10047119 vasculitis cerebral AE This is an AE which is the narrowing of the blood vessels resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessels, in particular the large arteries and small arterioles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction 血管收缩 10047139 vasoconstriction AE This is an AE which is excess accumulation of fluid (edema) in the intracellular or extracellular spaces of the vasogenic brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_edema 血管源性脑水肿 10067275 vasogenic cerebral edema AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the inner part of the nose that is not caused by an allergy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nonallergic_rhinitis 血管运动性鼻炎 10047145 vasomotor rhinitis AE This is an AE which is a postperfusion syndrome characterized by low systemic vascular resistance and a high cardiac output. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vasoplegic_syndrome 血管麻痹综合征 10067080 vasoplegia syndrome AE This is an AE which refers to a condition in which an arterial spasm leads to vasoconstriction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vasospasm 血管痉挛 10047163 vasospasm AE This is an AE which is a type of arrhythmia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Arrhythmia#Ventricular_arrhythmia 室性心律失常 10047281 ventricular arrhythmia AE This is an AE which is a device used in neurosurgery to treat hydrocephalus and relieve elevated intracranial pressure when the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inside the brain is obstructed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/External_ventricular_drain 心室引流 10052947 ventricular drainage AE This is an AE which refers to a condition where the left atrium or right atrium of the heart is larger than would be expected. It can also affect both atria. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrial_enlargement 心室扩大 10079339 ventricular enlargement AE This is an AE which is a set of manifestations caused by the failure of the heart's function as a pump supporting the blood flow through the body; its signs and symptoms result from a structural and/or functional abnormality of the heart, that disrupts its filling with blood or its ejecting of it during each heart beat. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Heart_failure 心室衰竭 10060953 ventricular failure AE This is an AE which is an arrhythmia, more specifically a tachycardia affecting the ventricles with a rate over 250-350 beats/min, and one of the most indiscernible. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_flutter 心室扑动 10047294 ventricular flutter AE This is an AE which is thickening of the walls of a ventricle (lower chamber) of the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_hypertrophy 心室肥大 10047295 ventricular hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is one of the classifications of movement disorders causes by ventricular disease, and refers to decreased bodily movement . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypokinesia 心室运动减退 10050510 ventricular hypokinesia AE This is an AE which is a defect in the ventricular septum, the wall dividing the left and right ventricles of the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_septal_defect 室间隔缺损 10047298 ventricular septal defect AE This is an AE which consists of multiple, radially oriented dilated medullary veins that drain into a transparenchymal venous stem. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1442406/ 脑静脉血管瘤 10053485 venous angioma of brain AE This is an AE which is a group of disorders that destroy blood vessels by inflammation caused by viral. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vasculitis 病毒性血管炎 10056281 viral vasculitis AE This is an AE which is a rare hemorrhagic diathesis, with clinical symptoms similar to those associated with the inherited form von Willebrand disease and syndrome is characterized by a lack of previous bleeding symptoms, negative familial history, and occurrence in a relatively older age. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28028990/ 获得性血管性血友病 10069495 acquired von willebrand's disease AE This is an AE which is small, reddish brown or even flesh-colored, smooth, shiny, 0.1 to 0.3 cm papules present over the sides of the nose and the medial portions of the cheeks. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Angiofibroma 血管纤维瘤 10002429 angiofibroma AE This is an AE which is a mature T-cell lymphoma of blood or lymph vessel immunoblasts characterized by a polymorphous lymph node infiltrate showing a marked increase in follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) and high endothelial venules (HEVs) and systemic involvement. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Angioimmunoblastic_T-cell_lymphoma 血管免疫母细胞性t细胞淋巴瘤 10002449 angioimmunoblastic t-cell lymphoma AE This is an AE which is the most common benign tumour of the kidney. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Angiomyolipoma 血管肌脂肪瘤 10051810 angiomyolipoma AE This is an AE which is a rare and aggressive cancer that starts in the endothelial cells that line the walls of blood vessels or lymphatic vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Angiosarcoma 恶性血管皮内细胞瘤 10002476 angiosarcoma AE This is an AE which is a central component of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), which controls blood pressure by regulating the volume of fluids in the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin-converting_enzyme 血管紧张素转换酶 10050289 angiotensin converting enzyme AE This is an AE which is the creation of new blood vessels in the choroid layer of the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Choroidal_neovascularization 脉络膜新生血管形成 10060823 choroidal neovascularisation AE This is an AE which is any disease that has the connective tissues of the body as a target of pathology. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Connective_tissue_disease 胶原血管病 10009905 collagen-vascular disease AE This is an AE which can be arbitrarily divided into micro- and macrovascular complications, the major microvascular complications being nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9315387/ 糖尿病性血管疾病 10061815 diabetic vascular disorder AE This is an AE which is an extremely rare autoimmune condition that causes inflammation of small and medium-sized blood vessels (vasculitis) in persons with a history of airway allergic hypersensitivity (atopy). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eosinophilic_granulomatosis_with_polyangiitis 嗜酸性肉芽肿伴多血管炎 10078117 eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis AE This is an AE which is the rupturing (lysis) of intravascular red blood cells (erythrocytes) and the release of their contents (cytoplasm) into surrounding fluid (e.g. blood plasma) . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemolysis 血管内溶血 10022822 intravascular haemolysis AE This is an AE which is a rare, benign tumor. It may mimic an angiosarcoma, with lesions that are red or purplish 5-mm to 5-cm papules and deep nodules on the head, neck, or upper extremities. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intravascular_papillary_endothelial_hyperplasia 血管内乳头状内皮增生 10060711 intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia AE This is an AE which is the natural formation of new iris blood vessels (neo- + vascular + -ization), usually in the form of functional microvascular networks, capable of perfusion by red blood cells, that form to serve as collateral circulation in response to local poor perfusion or ischemia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neovascularization 虹膜新生血管化 10065630 iris neovascularisation AE This is an AE which is a rare anatomical variant in which the aortic arch is on the right side rather than on the left. During normal embryonic development, the aortic arch is formed by the left fourth aortic arch and the left dorsal aorta. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Right-sided_aortic_arch 右主动脉弓 10067407 right aortic arch AE This is an AE which occurs late after the modified Fontan procedure is frequently associated with low output states, supraventricular arrhythmias, and atrial thrombus formation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9240287/ 右心房扩张 10067282 right atrial dilatation AE This is an AE which is a form of cardiomegaly, or heart enlargement. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Right_atrial_enlargement 右心房扩大 10058227 right atrial enlargement AE This is an AE which may can result in a lack of emotional prosody or intonation when speaking. Right hemisphere damage also has grave effects on understanding discourse and have a reduced ability to generate inferences, comprehend and produce main concepts, and a reduced ability to manage alternative meanings. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lateralization_of_brain_function#Hemisphere_damage 右半球缺陷综合征 10075037 right hemisphere deficit syndrome AE This is an AE which is defined as a peak echo-Doppler gradient at least 30 mmHg across the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) and included any postoperative surgical or percutaneous interventional procedure to address any right-sided outflow obstruction. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17339117/ 右心室流出道梗阻 10064195 right ventricle outflow tract obstruction AE This is an AE which is an accepted indication of ASD closure and several studies have reported that transcatheter ASD closure results in RV remodeling and exercise capacity improvement . QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32410917/ 右心室扩张 10074222 right ventricular dilatation AE This is an AE which is a form of cardiomegaly, or heart enlargement. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Right_atrial_enlargement 右心室增大 10050582 right ventricular enlargement AE This is an AE which is a condition defined by an abnormal enlargement of the cardiac muscle surrounding the right ventricle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Right_ventricular_hypertrophy 右心室肥大 10050326 right ventricular hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is an abnormal, congenital heart murmur caused by subaortic stenosis (SAS). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Subvalvular_aortic_stenosis_(canine) 瓣下主动脉瓣狭窄 10042431 subvalvular aortic stenosis AE This is an AE which is a congenital obstructive narrowing of the aorta just above the aortic valve and is the least common type of aortic stenosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Supravalvular_aortic_stenosis 瓣上主动脉瓣狭窄 10042598 supravalvular aortic stenosis AE This is an AE which has been defined by Abbot as a condition in which the arterial vessels in the greater circulation remain abnormally small. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13617202/ 主动脉发育不全 10049209 aorta hypoplasia AE This is an AE which is the thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries on aortic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Arteriosclerosis 主动脉硬化 10065558 aortic arteriosclerosis AE This is an AE which is the abnormal sound generated by turbulent flow of blood in an aortic artery due to either an area of partial obstruction or a localized high rate of blood flow through an unobstructed aortic bruit artery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bruit 主动脉杂音 10051832 aortic bruit AE This is an AE which refers to the widening of luminal diameter in aortic blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dilation 主动脉扩张 10057453 aortic dilatation AE This is an AE which could interfere with the classification of TEVAR complications. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32069982/ 主动脉延长 10065510 aortic elongation AE This is an AE which clotted blood which lines most aortic aneurysms can break off and result in an embolus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aortic_aneurysm 主动脉栓塞 10002897 aortic embolus AE This is an AE which due to aortic thrombosis is a rare condition which is often life-threatening. and occurs most commonly in individuals who are predisposed to cardiovascular diseases. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31079271/ 主动脉闭塞 10058178 aortic occlusion AE This is an AE which is the rupture or breakage of the aorta, the largest artery in the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aortic_rupture 主动脉破裂 10060874 aortic rupture AE This is an AE which is the narrowing of the exit of the left ventricle of the heart (where the aorta begins), such that problems result. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aortic_stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄 10002906 aortic stenosis AE This is an AE which refers to the calcification in and around the aortic valve can progress and extend to involve the electrical conduction system of the heart in calcific aortic stenosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aortic_stenosis 主动脉瓣钙化 10002918 aortic valve calcification AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of anaortic wall due to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 主动脉壁肥大 10066243 aortic wall hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of the aortic walland the disorder is potentially life-threatening and rare. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aortitis 主动脉炎 10002921 aortitis AE This is an AE which is a congenital condition whereby the aorta is narrow, usually in the area where the ductus arteriosus (ligamentum arteriosum after regression) inserts. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Coarctation_of_the_aorta 主动脉狭窄 10009807 coarctation of the aorta AE This is an AE which is where the capillaries, usually of the legs or lungs, are inflamed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Capillaritis 毛细管炎 10068406 capillaritis AE This is an AE which is a small blood vessel from 5 to 10 micrometres (μm) in diameter, and having a wall one endothelial cell thick and its may become disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Capillary 毛细管障碍 10007189 capillary disorder AE This is an AE which might be a useful clinical sign for screening Zika virus infection. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28532852/ 毛细血管变脆 10007191 capillary fragility AE This is an AE which is a combination of both myocarditis and pericarditis appearing in a single individual, namely inflammation of both the pericardium and the heart muscle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myopericarditis 心肌心包炎 10028650 myopericarditis AE This is an AE which is an abnormal dilatation of pericardium of the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pericardial_cyst 心包囊肿 10051730 pericardial cyst AE This is an AE which is a pathological wound healing on the pericardial in which connective tissue replaces normal parenchymal tissue to the extent that it goes unchecked, leading to considerable tissue remodelling and the formation of permanent scar tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fibrosis 心包纤维化 10048724 pericardial fibrosis AE This is an AE which is a medical condition characterized by a thickened, fibrotic pericardium, limiting the heart's ability to function normally. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Constrictive_pericarditis 紧缩性心包炎 10034487 pericarditis constrictive AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the pericardium (the fibrous sac surrounding the heart)and may be caused by viral, bacterial, or fungal infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pericarditis#Infectious 感染性心包炎 10062491 pericarditis infective AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the pericardium (the fibrous sac surrounding the heart)caused by meningococcal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pericarditis 脑膜炎球菌心包炎 10034492 pericarditis meningococcal AE This is an AE which is a form of pericarditis and caused by tuberculosis is difficult to diagnose, because definitive diagnosis requires culturing Mycobacterium tuberculosis from aspirated pericardial fluid or pericardial biopsy, which requires high technical skill and is often not diagnostic (the yield from culture is low even with optimum specimens). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tuberculous_pericarditis 结核性心包炎 10055069 pericarditis tuberculous AE This is an AE which is a localised infection of the pericardial space associated with purulent pericardial fluid. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18214575/ 化脓性心包炎 10051071 purulent pericarditis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the pericardium (the fibrous sac surrounding the heart). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pericarditis#Infectuous 病毒性心包炎 10047472 viral pericarditis AE This is an AE which occurs by direct infection during trauma, thoracic surgery, or catheter drainage, by spread from an intrathoracic, myocardial, or subdiaphragmatic focus, and by hematogenous dissemination. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15725041/ 细菌心包炎 10004050 bacterial pericarditis AE This is an AE which is a restriction in blood supply to brain stem tissues, causing a shortage of oxygen that is needed for cellular metabolism (to keep tissue alive). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ischemia 脑干缺血 10006148 brain stem ischaemia AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which inflammation and injury of the large intestine result from inadequate blood supply. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ischemic_colitis 缺血性结肠炎 10009895 colitis ischemic AE This is an AE which is a form of hypoxia (reduced supply of oxygen), specifically involving the brain; when the brain is completely deprived of oxygen, it is called cerebral anoxia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_hypoxia 缺氧缺血性脑病 10070511 hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy AE This is an AE which is the pathologic process that results in an area of necrotic tissue in the ischaemic brain (cerebral infarct). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_infarction 缺血性脑梗死 10060840 ischemic cerebral infarction AE This is an AE which is a recognized complication of prolonged periods of interruption of the coronary circulation during open-heart surgery. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1186287/ 左心室缺血挛缩 10070589 ischemic contracture of the left ventricle AE This is an AE which is a clinical syndrome frequently encountered in critically ill patients that represents a complication of underlying cardiac, circulatory, or respiratory failure. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28346236/ 缺血性肝炎 10023025 ischemic hepatitis AE This is an AE which is a dangerous condition, most often caused by diminished tissue perfusion. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29742040/ 缺血性四肢疼痛 10062610 ischemic limb pain AE This is an AE which is a devastating complication after open or endovascular aortic repair for thoracoabdominal aortic disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30507678/ 脊髓缺血 10050209 spinal cord ischaemia AE This is an AE which is a congenital heart defect in which the septal and posterior leaflets of the tricuspid valve are displaced towards the apex of the right ventricle of the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ebstein%27s_anomaly 三尖瓣下移畸形 10014075 ebstein's anomaly AE This is an AE which is a congenital malformation of the pulmonary artery valve in which the valve orifice fails to develop . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_atresia 肺动脉闭锁 10037337 pulmonary artery atresia AE This is an AE which can occur from many causes, including abnormal pulmonary hemodynamics, hypoxemia, trauma, and vasculitis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32022665/ 肺动脉扩张 10058491 pulmonary artery dilatation AE This is an AE which is not a rare condition, is mostly asymptomatic in the absence of a peripheral VA, is strongly associated with diabetes and is promoted by long TCC carriage. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29893920/ 上腔静脉狭窄 10064771 superior vena cava stenosis AE This is an AE which is the most common variation of the thoracic venous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Persistent_left_superior_vena_cava 持续性左上腔静脉 10064193 persistent left superior vena cava AE This is an AE which refers to enlargement of the left atrium (LA) of the heart, and is a form of cardiomegaly. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Left_atrial_enlargement 左心室增大 10051860 left atrial enlargement AE This is an AE which is thickening of the heart muscle of the left ventricle of the heart, that is, left-sided ventricular hypertrophy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Left_ventricular_hypertrophy 左心室扩张 10050043 left ventricular dilatation AE This is an AE which is the most common and the most serious complication and is associated with increased morbidity, short- and long-term mortality, and healthcare resource utilization. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27671216/ 心输出量低综合征 10024899 low cardiac output syndrome AE This is an AE which commonly refers to the excess deposition of extracellular matrix in the cardiac muscle, but the term may also refer to an abnormal thickening of the heart valves due to inappropriate proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_fibrosis 心肌纤维化 10028594 myocardial fibrosis AE This is an AE which is defined as a myocardial:skeletal signal intensity ratio >1.9. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30143429/ 心肌水肿 10064966 myocardial edema AE This is an AE which is the tissue damage caused when blood supply returns to tissue (re- + perfusion) after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen (anoxia or hypoxia). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reperfusion_injury 心肌再灌注损伤 10051624 myocardial reperfusion injury AE This is an AE which is an uncommon cause of infectious myocarditis and is usually seen in the context of overwhelming sepsis or as part of a specific bacterial syndrome. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17613408/ 细菌性心肌炎 10065218 myocarditis bacterial AE This is an AE which is the result of an immune response to a microbial infection of the heart. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29536322/ 心肌炎传染性 10066857 myocarditis infectious AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the heart muscle with septic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myocarditis 脓毒性心肌炎 10028615 myocarditis septic AE This is an AE which is a sudden loss of blood flow resulting from the failure of the heart to pump effectively. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_arrest 心源性猝死 10049418 sudden cardiac death AE This is an AE which is a heart rate that exceeds the normal resting rate occurs on foetal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tachycardia 胎儿心动过速 10043074 tachycardia foetal AE This is an AE which is a heart rate that exceeds the normal resting rate. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tachycardia 心动过速 10064805 tachyphrenia AE This is an AE which can range from nonspecific symptoms of fatigue and shortness of breath to more aggressive symptoms that mimic acute coronary syndrome. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32127272/ 病毒性心肌炎 10047470 viral myocarditis AE This is an AE which is the most severe form of hypertension, defined clinically by very high blood pressure (diastolic above 130 mm Hg) accompanied by bilateral retinal hemorrhages and/or exudates, with or without papilledema. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28200072/ 急进性高血压 10000358 accelerated hypertension AE This is an AE which is a ventricular rhythm with a rate of between 40 and 120 beats per minute. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_idioventricular_rhythm 加速的心室节律 10049003 accelerated idioventricular rhythm AE This is an AE which is defined as abnormal heart rates in the neonatal period and they may occur as a result of various cardiovascular, systemic and metabolic problems. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26037725/ 新生儿心律不齐 10003124 arrhythmia neonatal AE This is an AE which is one of the main causes of medical consultation and they may also be the clinical presentation of various cardiovascular diseases and a marker of sudden death. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28055994/ 室上性心律失常 10003130 arrhythmia supraventricular AE This is an AE which refers to a condition where the left atrium or right atrium of the heart is larger than would be expected. It can also affect both atria. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrial_enlargement 心房扩大 10079340 atrial enlargement AE This is an AE which is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrial_septal_defect 心房中隔缺损 10003664 atrial septal defect AE This is an AE which a relatively uncommon arrhythmia that is nonetheless increasingly seen in elderly people of developed countries, due to the increase in life expectancy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22897386/ 完全房室传导阻滞 10003673 atrioventricular block complete AE This is an AE which is characterized by a deficiency of the atrioventricular septum of the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrioventricular_septal_defect 房室中隔缺损 10063836 atrioventricular septal defect AE This is an AE which comprise a group of abnormalities seen on the electrocardiogram (ECG) that often confuse clinicians and may conceal potentially lethal disease entities, such as acute myocardial infarction (MI). Cardiac impulses normally originate in the sinoatrial (SA) node and then are conducted through atrial tissue to the atrioventricular (AV) node and into the bundle of His. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16308112/ 心室传导缺陷 10012118 defect conduction intraventricular AE This is an AE which is thickening of the walls of a ventricle (lower chamber) of the heart and shows up on the ECG . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_hypertrophy 心室肥大迹象 10050998 ecg signs of ventricular hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is a rare heart disorder usually occurring in children two years old and younger. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Endocardial_fibroelastosis 心内膜弹力纤维增生症 10014663 endocardial fibroelastosis AE This is an AE which refers to the excess deposition of extracellular matrix in the cardiac muscle, but the term may also refer to an abnormal thickening of the heart valves due to inappropriate proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_fibrosis 心内膜心肌纤维化 10014664 endocardial fibrosis AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the inner layer of the heart, the endocardium caused by viral. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Endocarditis 心内膜炎病毒 10061837 endocarditis viral AE This is an AE which is inflammation in the heart muscle that is caused by the infiltration and destructive activity of a type of white blood cell, the eosinophil. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eosinophilic_myocarditis 嗜酸性心肌炎 10014961 eosinophilic myocarditis AE This is an AE which is an abnormal narrowing of arteries other than those that supply the heart or brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_artery_disease 动脉闭塞性疾病 10062599 arterial occlusive disease AE This is an AE which refers to a condition in which an arterial spasm leads to vasoconstriction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vasospasm 动脉痉挛 10003175 arterial spasm AE This is an AE which is an abnormal narrowing in a arterial blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stenosis 动脉狭窄 10060965 arterial stenosis AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of an arterial wall due to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 动脉壁肥大 10072809 arterial wall hypertrophy AE This is an AE which defined by a severe reversible diffuse or focal vasoconstriction is the most common diagnosis among INOCA (ischemia with no obstructive coronary artery disease) patients irrespective to racial, genetic, and geographic variations. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32508542/ 冠状动脉痉挛 10003225 arterio spasm coronary AE This is an AE which is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins, bypassing the capillary system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Arteriovenous_malformation 动静脉畸形 10003193 arteriovenous malformation AE This is an AE which is responsible for stenosis, occlusion or aneurysms, and occur in the coronary artery, causing myocardial infarction. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28691733/ 冠状动脉炎 10003232 arteritis coronary AE This is an AE which is an abnormal enlargement of the pampiniform venous plexus in the scrotum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Varicocele 精索静脉曲张 10046986 varicocele AE This is an AE which is a common disease in the medical practice of dermatologists and phlebologists. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21057915/ 曲张静脉炎 10056717 varicophlebitis AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which superficial veins become enlarged and twisted. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Varicose_veins 静脉曲张 10046986 varicose vein AE This is an AE which is a common injury that results from repeated use of intravenous injections. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Collapsed_vein 静脉塌陷 10074621 vein collapse AE This is an AE which is a class of disease involving veins of the circulatory system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vein_disorders 静脉疾病 10047184 vein disorder AE This is an AE which is a distressing feeling on vein often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 静脉痛 10047187 vein pain AE This is an AE which is all in the cylindric axis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2321136/ 静脉破裂 10077110 vein rupture AE This is an AE which is the lodging of an embolus, a blockage-causing piece of material, inside a vena cava blood vessel. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Embolism 腔静脉栓塞 10047193 vena cava embolism AE This is an AE which is damage to the vena cava caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 下腔静脉损伤 10047194 vena cava injury AE This is an AE which is the process of obtaining intravenous access for the purpose of venous blood sampling (also called phlebotomy) or intravenous therapy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Venipuncture 静脉穿刺 10059445 venipuncture AE This is an AE which is the rare congenital disorders but the parotid gland VLMs are the rarest. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32584007/ 静脉淋巴管畸形 10079880 venolymphatic malformation AE This is an AE which is a potentially life-threatening condition in which some of the small veins in the liver are obstructed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatic_veno-occlusive_disease 静脉闭塞性疾病 10062173 venoocclusive disease AE This is an AE which is a benign phenomenon. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Venous_hum 静脉杂音 10065565 venous bruit AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged venous blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 静脉出血 10065441 venous hemorrhage AE This is an AE which can refer to varicose veins ,chronic venous insufficiency and venous stasis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Venous_insufficiency 静脉功能不全 10057320 venous insufficiency AE This is an AE which is a generally solitary, soft, compressible, dark blue to violaceous, 0.2- to 1-cm papule commonly found on sun-exposed surfaces of the vermilion border of the lip, face and ears. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Venous_lake 静脉湖 10051510 venous lake AE This is an AE which is the formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thrombosis 静脉闭塞 10058990 venous occlusion AE This is an AE which is a condition of slow blood flow in the veins, usually of the legs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Venous_stasis 静脉淤滞 10047245 venous stasis AE This is an AE which is observed within 20 mm of the junction to the adjacent draining sinus. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31323417/ 静脉狭窄 10048671 venous stenosis AE This is an AE which can avoid prolonged second stage of labour, birth asphyxia in the presence of foetal distress or maternal pushing where contraindicated. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30606689/ 静脉抽吸 10047268 ventouse extraction AE This is an AE which may contribute to posterior circulation ischemic events, especially when other risk factors coexist. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23816871/ 椎动脉发育不全 10066907 vertebral artery hypoplasia AE This is an AE which describes a temporary set of symptoms due to decreased blood flow (ischemia) in the posterior circulation of the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vertebrobasilar_insufficiency 椎基底动脉供血不足 10047334 vertebrobasilar insufficiency AE This is an AE which is syndrome caused by ischemia of the anterior spinal artery, resulting in loss of function of the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anterior_spinal_artery_syndrome 脊髓前动脉综合征 10002703 anterior spinal artery syndrome AE This is an AE which is associated with a high risk of disability and mortality. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32568658/ 基底动脉阻塞 10048963 basilar artery occlusion AE This is an AE which is an outward bulging, likened to a bubble or balloon, caused by a localized, abnormal, weak spot on a carotid blood vessel wall but it is ruptured. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aneurysm 颈动脉动脉瘤破裂 10051328 carotid aneurysm rupture AE This is an AE which is an outward bulging, likened to a bubble or balloon, caused by a localized, abnormal, weak spot on a carotid artery blood vessel wall. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aneurysm 颈动脉动脉瘤 10007686 carotid artery aneurysm AE This is an AE which is often implicated in primary ischemic stroke secondary to thrombosis or embolism and may indicate concurrent cardiovascular disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7919691/ 颈动脉疾病 10061744 carotid artery disease AE This is an AE which refers blockage of a carotid artery blood vessel. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Occlusion 颈动脉闭塞 10048964 carotid artery occlusion AE This is an AE which is a long lasting and continuously evolving disease with multiple clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to stable angina, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), heart failure (HF) and sudden cardiac death (SCD). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27091673/ 冠状动脉动脉粥样硬化 10011076 coronary artery atherosclerosis AE This is an AE which is a surgical procedure to restore normal blood flow to an obstructed coronary artery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Coronary_artery_bypass_surgery 冠状动脉搭桥 10011077 coronary artery bypass AE This is an AE which is an abnormal dilatation of part of the coronary artery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Coronary_artery_aneurysm 冠状动脉扩张 10065420 coronary artery dilatation AE This is an AE which occurs when blood flow decreases or stops to the coronary artery of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myocardial_infarction 冠状动脉闭塞 10011086 coronary artery occlusion AE This is an AE which involves the reduction of blood flow to the heart muscle due to build-up of plaque (atherosclerosis) in the arteries of the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Coronary_artery_disease 冠状动脉狭窄 10011089 coronary artery stenosis AE This is an AE which occurs when an injury to the innermost layer of the coronary aorta allows blood to flow between the layers of the aortic wall, forcing the layers apart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aortic_dissection 解剖冠状动脉瘤 10013428 dissecting coronary artery aneurysm AE This is an AE which is the lodging of an embolus, a blockage-causing piece of material, inside a femoral artery blood vessel. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Embolism 股动脉栓塞 10068365 femoral artery embolism AE This is an AE which refers blockage of a femoral artery blood vessel. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Occlusion 股动脉闭塞 10052019 femoral artery occlusion AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of large blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Giant_cell_arteritis 巨细胞动脉炎 10018250 giant cell arteritis AE This is an AE which refers blockage of a iliac vein blood vessel. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Occlusion 髂静脉阻塞 10058992 iliac vein occlusion AE This is an AE which is an abnormal narrowing of arteries other than those that supply the heart or brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_artery_disease 周围动脉闭塞性疾病 10062585 peripheral arterial occlusive disease AE This is an AE which refers blockage of a peripheral artery blood vessel. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Occlusion 外周动脉闭塞 10057525 peripheral artery occlusion AE This is an AE which refers blockage of a peripheral vein blood vessel. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Occlusion 外周静脉阻塞 10083103 peripheral vein occlusion AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of a vein, usually in the legs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Phlebitis 静脉周炎 10057267 periphlebitis AE This is an AE which presents in the umbilical cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Single_umbilical_artery 单脐动脉 10049807 single umbilical artery AE This is an AE which is a significant form of peripheral artery disease, which may be a marker of diffuse atherosclerosis and increased risk for cardiovascular events. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25051137/ 锁骨下动脉狭窄 10050180 subclavian artery stenosis AE This is an AE which is a form of large vessel granulomatous vasculitis with massive intimal fibrosis and vascular narrowing, most commonly affecting young or middle-age women of Asian descent, though anyone can be affected. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Takayasu%27s_arteritis 高安动脉炎 10043097 takayasu's arteritis AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of large blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Giant_cell_arteritis 颞动脉炎 10043207 temporal arteritis AE This is an AE which is a rare form of congenital heart disease that presents at birth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Persistent_truncus_arteriosus 永存动脉干 10044703 truncus arteriosus persistent AE This is an AE which is a congenital defect of the pulmonary veins. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anomalous_pulmonary_venous_connection 肺静脉连接异常 10058079 anomalous pulmonary venous connection AE This is an AE which is the catheter site inflammation of a vein, usually in the legs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Phlebitis 导管部位静脉炎 10052269 catheter site phlebitis AE This is an AE which is a frequent finding in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension, and may be produced by various mechanisms. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9421656/ 下腔静脉扩张 10069111 inferior vena cava dilatation AE This is an AE which is an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ such as inferior vena cava or structure such as foramina and canals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stenosis 下腔静脉狭窄 10074639 inferior vena cava stenosis AE This is an AE which is the indirectly observed pressure over the venous system via visualization of the internal jugular vein. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Jugular_venous_pressure 颈静脉扩张 10059865 jugular vein distension AE This is an AE which is the most common type of congenital vascular malformation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29784122/ 畸形静脉 10025532 malformation venous AE This is an AE which may be an ocular complication of Buerger's disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29398225/ 乳头状静脉炎 10065373 papillophlebitis AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of a vein and is deep. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Phlebitis 深静脉炎 10034897 phlebitis deep AE This is an AE which is a small local, usually rounded, calcification within a vein. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Phlebolith 静脉结石 10051474 phlebolith AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of portal tract tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants, and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 门静脉呼吸道炎症 10075331 portal tract inflammation AE This is an AE which is a rare finding on radiological exams. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Portal_vein#Clinical_significance 门静脉积气 10064711 portal venous gas AE This is an AE which results in venous hypertension with the formation of intra- and extrarenal collaterals and/or the development of gonadal vein reflux. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16374539/ 肾静脉压迫 10074386 renal vein compression AE This is an AE which is the lodging of an renal vein embolus, a blockage-causing piece of material, inside a blood vessel. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Embolism 肾静脉栓塞 10038547 renal vein embolism AE This is an AE which has been often reported to be associated with acute decompensated heart failure and, to our knowledge. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33038002/ 肾静脉充血 10072109 renal venous congestion AE This is an AE which is characterized clinically by a local syndrome in an arm, the chest or a leg, by an irregular temperature (toothsaw curve), by blood cultures that are simultaneously or successively positive for one or several pathogenic microorganisms, by repeated, multiple infected embolism and by the possibility of endocarditis as a complication. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/866444/ 化脓性静脉炎 10056518 septic phlebitis AE This is an AE which is a vein that is close to the surface of the body and is prominent. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Superficial_vein 浅静脉突出 10068717 superficial vein prominence AE This is an AE which is important features of advanced heart failure. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33018978/ 内脏充血 10066397 visceral congestion AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the visceral tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 内脏水肿 10065768 visceral edema AE This is an AE which is pain that results from the activation of nociceptors of the thoracic, pelvic, or abdominal viscera (organs). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Visceral_pain 内脏痛 10065385 visceral pain AE This is an AE which is a prolapse or a sinking of the abdominal viscera (internal organs) below their natural position. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Visceroptosis 内脏下垂 10063840 visceroptosis AE This is an AE which is a group of abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) usually caused by a malfunction of the sinus node, the heart's primary pacemaker. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sinus_node_dysfunction 窦房结功能障碍 10075889 sinus node dysfunction AE This is an AE which is an abnormal growth of sinus tissue projecting from a mucous membrane. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Polyp_(medicine) 窦性息肉 10040749 sinus polyp AE This is an AE which is any cardiac rhythm in which depolarisation of the cardiac muscle begins at the sinus node. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sinus_rhythm 窦性心律 10048815 sinus rhythm AE This is an AE which is a commonly encountered variation of normal sinus rhythm. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sinus_arrhythmia 窦性心律不齐 10040739 sinus arrhythmia AE This is an AE which is a form of iron overload disorder resulting in the accumulation of hemosiderin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemosiderosis 含铁血黄素沉着病 10019024 haemosiderosis AE This is an AE which indicates accumulation of iron in the body from any cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Iron_overload 血色病 10018872 haemochromatosis AE This is an AE which maternal IgG antibodies with specificity for the ABO blood group system pass through the placenta to the fetal circulation where they can cause hemolysis of fetal red blood cells which can lead to fetal anemia and HDN. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemolytic_disease_of_the_newborn_(ABO) ABO血型不相容 10000206 abo incompatibility AE This is an AE which is a condition of the mucous membranes characterized by the sudden appearance of one or more blood blisters within the oral cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Angina_bullosa_haemorrhagica 大疱性心绞痛出血 10064223 angina bullosa haemorrhagica AE This is an AE which frequently results in death, prompt treatment may result in full recovery . QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3071324/ 低血糖昏迷 10021000 hypoglycaemic coma AE This is an AE which can damage the internal capsule and lead to high rates of disability and mortality. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31449206/ 基底节出血 10067057 basal ganglia hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a type of prediabetes, in which a person's blood sugar levels during fasting are consistently above the normal range, but below the diagnostic cut-off for a formal diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Impaired_fasting_glucose 空腹血糖受损 10056997 impaired fasting glucose AE This is an AE which is the vomiting of blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematemesis 吐血 10018830 haematemesis AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels and is traumatic . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 外伤性出血 10053476 traumatic hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is the leakage of a fluid out of its container into the surrounding area, especially blood or blood cells from vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Extravasation 外渗血 10015867 extravasation blood AE This is an AE which refers a generic term for the presence of toxins in the blood caused by bacterial. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Toxemia 细菌血毒症 10004053 bacterial toxaemia AE This is an AE which is a fall in blood sugar to levels below normal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoglycemia 休克性低血糖 10040576 shock hypoglycaemic AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the perivascular skin, typically characterized by itchiness, redness and a rash. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatitis 血管周的皮炎 10064986 perivascular dermatitis AE This is an AE which related to renal replacement therapy (HIRRT) is a frequent complication of all renal replacement therapy (RRT) modalities commonly used in the intensive care unit. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31407042/ 血流动力不稳定 10052076 haemodynamic instability AE This is an AE which is a type of blister that forms when subdermal tissues and blood vessels are damaged without piercing the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blood_blister 血疱 10005372 blood blister AE This is an AE which is a common manifestation of plasma cell disease, and it is sometimes caused by autoimmune diseases (AIDs). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31550956/ 血球蛋白过多 10020633 hyperglobulinaemia AE This is an AE which is a disease caused by parasitic flatworms called schistosomes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Schistosomiasis 血吸虫病 10039603 schistosomiasis AE This is an AE which is a process of purifying the blood of a person whose kidneys are not working normally. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemodialysis 血液透析 10018875 haemodialysis AE This is an AE which is a process to prevent and stop bleeding, meaning to keep blood within a damaged blood vessel (the opposite of hemostasis is hemorrhage). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemostasis 止血法 10067439 haemostasis AE This is an AE which is a rare congenital defect in which the major visceral organs are distributed abnormally within the chest and abdomen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Situs_ambiguus 内脏异位 10067265 heterotaxia AE This is an AE which is a variant of asystole and is usually ventricular in origin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Agonal_heart_rhythm 垂死心室律 10054015 agonal rhythm AE This is an AE which resulting from dysfunction of the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Shock 休克症状 10040560 shock symptom AE This is an AE which is the lodging of an embolus, a blockage-causing piece of material, inside a blood vessel. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Embolism 小栓塞 10073734 microembolism AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which abnormal distribution of blood flow in the smallest blood vessels results in inadequate supply of blood to the body's tissues and organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Distributive_shock 分布性休克 10070559 distributive shock AE This is an AE which is a type of tissue death caused by a lack of blood supply. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gangrene 坏疽 10017711 gangrene AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which the spasm of small arteries causes episodes of reduced blood flow to end arterioles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Raynaud_syndrome 雷诺现象 10037912 raynaud's phenomenon AE This is an AE which is the most common type of ischemic stroke, resulting from the occlusion of small penetrating arteries that provide blood to the brain's deep structures. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lacunar_stroke 腔隙性梗死 10051078 lacunar infarction AE This is an AE which is a congenital heart defect where the left atrium (cor triatriatum sinistrum) or right atrium (cor triatriatum dextrum) is subdivided by a thin membrane, resulting in three atrial chambers (hence the name). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cor_triatriatum 三房心 10010972 cor triatriatum AE This is an AE which is a defect of the bundle branches or fascicles in the electrical conduction system of the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bundle_branch_block 束支传导阻滞 10006578 bundle branch block AE This is an AE which is the leakage of a fluid out of its container into the surrounding area, especially blood or blood cells from vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Extravasation 外渗 10015866 extravasation AE This is an AE which refers to cardiac arrest in which the electrocardiogram shows a heart rhythm that should produce a pulse, but does not. Pulseless electrical activity is found initially in about 55% of people in cardiac arrest. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulseless_electrical_activity 无脉电活动 10058151 pulseless electrical activity AE QY, JX, HY 心血管机能不全 10065929 cardiovascular insufficiency AE QY, JX, HY 心脏感染 10054212 cardiac infection AE QY, JX, HY 心肺衰竭 10051093 cardiopulmonary failure AE QY, JX, HY 血肿肌肉 10055890 hematoma muscle AE QY, JX, HY 血压控制不足 10051128 blood pressure inadequately controlled AE QY, JX, HY 血管破裂 10053649 vascular rupture AE QY, JX, HY 非典型分枝杆菌心包炎 10055036 atypical mycobacterium pericarditis AE QY, JX, HY 缺血性坏死 10028862 necrosis ischemic AE QY, JX, HY 肺动脉病 10067284 pulmonary arteriopathy AE QY, JX, HY 心脏交替 10058155 heart alternation AE QY, JX, HY 髂动脉疾病 10077115 iliac artery disease AE QY, JX, HY 外周静脉疾病 10075049 peripheral venous disease AE QY, JX, HY 窦镜 10050499 sinoscopy AE This is an AE which is the space in the skull within the neurocranium, occupied by the brain and the is imperfectly composed in newborns, to allow the large human head to pass through the birth canal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cranial_vault 先天性颅穹窿缺失 10010318 congenital absence of cranial vault AE This is an AE which is the organs of the reproductive system and the urinary system and the organs are congenital malformation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Genitourinary_system 先天性生殖器畸形 10062333 congenital genital malformation AE This is an AE which is a spectrum of conditions which is congenital caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) , a retrovirus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/HIV/AIDS 先天性感染艾滋病毒 10010504 congenital hiv infection AE This is an AE which is syphilis present in utero and at birth, and occurs when a child is born to a mother with syphilis and osteochondritis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congenital_syphilis 先天性梅毒的骨软骨炎 10054002 congenital syphilitic osteochondritis AE This is an AE which is a condition thymus present at birth regardless of its cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect 先天性胸腺缺失 10048801 congenital thymus absence AE This is an AE which is a family of birth defects of the ureter, the bladder, and the urethra. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23408557/ 先天性输尿管膀胱交界异常 10068133 congenital ureterovesical junction anomaly AE This is an AE which is a defect in the structure of the heart or great vessels that is present at birth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congenital_heart_defect 先天性心脏瓣膜病 10064086 congenital heart valve disorder AE This is an AE which is a missing, extra, or irregular portion of chromosomal DNA. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_abnormality x连锁染色体病 10056554 x-linked chromosomal disorder AE This is an Ae which is an organism's response to a stressor such as an environmental condition. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stress_(biology) 家族性应激 10016215 family stress AE This is an AE which is an extremely rare developmental anomaly with right and left hepatic ducts draining directly into the gallbladder (GB). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27279403/ 先天性缺乏胆管 10010317 congenital absence of bile ducts AE This is an AE which is a rare cause of primary adrenocortical failure which involved a broad spectrum of cellular and physiologic processes, including metabolism, nuclear protein import, oxidative stress defense-mechanisms, and regulation of cell cycle. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25905355/ 先天性肾上腺发育不全 10049057 congenital adrenal gland hypoplasia AE This is an AE which is a condition present at birth regardless of its cause and may result in disabilities that may be physical, intellectual, or developmental. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect 先天性畸形 10010356 congenital anomaly AE This is an AE which is usually congenital and belong to the RASopathies and the genetic transmission patterns of AVMs are incomplete, but there are known genetic mutations (for instance in the epithelial line, tumor suppressor PTEN gene) which can lead to an increased occurrence throughout the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Arteriovenous_malformation 先天性动脉畸形 10062325 congenital arterial malformation AE This is an AE which can have devastating clinical consequences and they can lead to oligohydramnios with subsequent lung hypoplasia and neonatal death. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23832138/ 先天性膀胱异常 10061053 congenital bladder anomaly AE This is an AE which is the destruction or degeneration of brain cells which was congenital. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Brain_damage 先天性脑损伤 10010390 congenital brain damage AE This is an AE which is a rare condition in which a brain develops without the cerebellum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebellar_agenesis 先天性小脑发育不全 10010390 congenital cerebellar agenesis AE This is an AE which is papillary neoplasms of neuroectodermal origin arising from the choroid plexus epithelium of the cerebral ventricles. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30953158/ 先天性脉络丛囊肿 10048785 congenital choroid plexus cyst AE This is an AE which can be categorized into those with a lack of origin or ostial atresia, an abnormal origin such as an anomalous origin off the pulmonary artery or off an abnormal aortic sinus, or an anomalous course (such as a single coronary coursing between the pulmonary artery and aorta) or a coronary artery fistula. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27490623/ 先天性冠状动脉畸形 10061060 congenital coronary artery malformation AE This is an AE which is a congenital closed sac, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 先天性囊肿 10062328 congenital cyst AE This is an AE which comprise a spectrum of anomalies that include pulmonary sequestrations, congenital lobar emphysema, bronchogenic cysts, and congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25448785/ 先天性囊性肺 10010429 congenital cystic lung AE This is an AE which refers to a condition where cytomegalovirus is transmitted in the prenatal period. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congenital_cytomegalovirus_infection 先天性巨细胞病毒感染 10010430 congenital cytomegalovirus infection AE This is an AE which is rare and is a tumor that originates in the connective fibrous tissue found at the ends of long bones and then spreads to other surrounding soft tissues. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29099410/ 先天性纤维肉瘤 10065859 congenital fibrosarcoma AE This is an AE which is a physical anomaly that is deleterious, i.e. foot defect perceived as a problem. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect#congenital_malformation 先天性足畸形 10062332 congenital foot malformation AE This is an AE which is an autosomal-recessive disorder characterized by generalized lack of adipose tissue either at birth or within the first year of life. QY, JX, HY https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7590232/ 先天性普遍脂肪代谢障碍 10053547 congenital generalised lipodystrophy AE This is an AE which is frequent, usually isolated anomalies, but may exist as part of a syndrome. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22585196/ 先天性手畸形 10062335 congenital hand malformation AE This is an AE which is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that affects the liver;it is a type of congenital viral hepatitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_B 先天性乙型肝炎感染 10010496 congenital hepatitis b infection AE This is an AE which is rare, with congenital HSV infection by intrauterine infection accounting for <5% of cases of HSV infection in the perinatal period. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32001045/ 先天性单纯疱疹感染 10019949 congenital herpes simplex infection AE This is an AE which is a type of hernia in which abdominal organs (typically the stomach) slip through the diaphragm into the middle compartment of the chest. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hiatal_hernia 先天性食管裂孔疝 10010501 congenital hiatus hernia AE This is an AE which is a condition in which an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) occurs within the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hydrocephalus 先天性脑积水 10010506 congenital hydrocephalus AE This is an AE which defined as congenital dilatation of one or more components of the renal collecting system, is detected in 1-2% of all pregnancies. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23052658/ 先天性肾盂积水 10050975 congenital hydronephrosis AE This is an AE which is thyroid hormone deficiency present at birth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congenital_hypothyroidism 先天性甲状腺功能减退 10010510 congenital hypothyroidism AE This is an AE which is an abnormality of the structure of jaw. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect#congenital_malformation 先天性颌畸形 10062336 congenital jaw malformation AE This is an AE which is a widely used term for a congenital malformation, i.e. a congenital, physical anomaly such as joint and is recognizable at birth, and which is significant enough to be considered a problem. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect#congenital_malformation 先天性关节畸形 10062337 congenital joint malformation AE This is an AE which is an indication for complete evaluation to establish the cause of the airway obstruction. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23988376/ 先天性喉喘鸣 10010527 congenital laryngeal stridor AE This is an AE which is a birth defect in which nerves are missing from parts of the intestine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hirschsprung%27s_disease 先天性巨结肠 10010539 congenital megacolon AE This is an AE which is a relatively rare and highly complex cardiac disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29425524/ 先天性二尖瓣关闭不全 10010547 congenital mitral valve incompetence AE This is an AE which is a complex, etiologically diverse, clinical descriptor identified in a variety of diagnoses characterized by multiple congenital joint contractures. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32674167/ 先天性多路关节弯曲 10051643 congenital multiplex arthrogryposis AE This is an AE which is an abnormality of the structure of a body musculoskeletal part. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect 先天性肌肉骨骼异常 10062344 congenital musculoskeletal anomaly AE This is an AE which is a type of melanocytic nevus (or mole) found in infants at birth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congenital_melanocytic_nevus 先天性痣 10067248 congenital naevus AE This is an AE which may be overt or subtle and can occasionally cause life-threatening emergencies at birth. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17346563/ 先天性鼻畸形 10062347 congenital nose malformation AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory condition of the lung primarily at birth affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumonia 先天性肺炎 10010594 congenital pneumonia AE This is an AE which represent a diverse group of abnormalities, ranging from asymptomatic incidental findings to causes of sudden cardiac death. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30102560/ 先天性肺动脉异常 10061074 congenital pulmonary artery anomaly AE This is an AE which is a condition of increased blood pressure within the arteries of the lungs at birth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_hypertension 先天性肺动脉高压 10050701 congenital pulmonary hypertension AE This is an AE which is often the result of congenital malformations and is observed in isolation or as part of a larger pathologic process, as in Tetralogy of Fallot, Noonan syndrome, and congenital rubella syndrome. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Valvular_heart_disease#Pulmonary_and_tricuspid_valve_disorders 先天性肺瓣膜病 10061075 congenital pulmonary valve disorder AE This is an AE which is often the result of congenital malformations and is observed in isolation or as part of a larger pathologic process, as in Tetralogy of Fallot, Noonan syndrome, and congenital rubella syndrome. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Valvular_heart_disease#Pulmonary_and_tricuspid_valve_disorders 先天性肾盂扩张 10049938 congenital pyelocaliectasis AE This is an AE which is a condition present at birth regardless of its cause which occured on renal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect 先天性肾疾病 10066875 congenital renal disorder AE This is an AE which can occur in a developing fetus of a pregnant woman who has contracted rubella, usually in the first trimester. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congenital_rubella_syndrome 先天性风疹感染 10010619 congenital rubella infection AE This is an AE which is syphilis present in utero and at birth, and occurs when a child is born to a mother with syphilis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congenital_syphilis 先天性梅毒 10010641 congenital syphilis AE This is an AE which is a neoplasm containing tissues foreign to the site of origin or containing more than one embryonic germ cell layer. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22902845/ 先天性畸胎瘤 10052012 congenital teratoma AE This is an AE which can occurs spontaneous and excessive bleeding. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Platelet 先天性血小板障碍 10058896 congenital thrombocyte disorder AE This is an AE which is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of platelet disorders that are characterized by thrombocytopenia since birth. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29973458/ 先天性血小板减少症 10077833 congenital thrombocytopenia AE This is an AE which is a rare occurrence and associates with cleft palate may be considered as evidence of close interrelation of embryogenesis of the tongue and palate. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24066710/ 先天性舌头异常 10061077 congenital tongue anomaly AE This is an AE which is defined as a contracture or fibrosis of the Sternocleidomastoid muscle, on one side, leading to a homolateral inclination and contralateral rotation of the face and chin. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31747185/ 先天性斜颈 10010650 congenital torticollis AE This is an AE which is a type of congenital valvular heart disease in which the tricuspid valve of the heart, located between the right atrium and right ventricle, does not close completely when the right ventricle contracts (systole). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tricuspid_insufficiency 先天性三尖瓣不全 10067887 congenital tricuspid valve incompetence AE This is an AE which is a health condition where the abdominal wall behind the navel is congenital damaged. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Umbilical_hernia 先天性脐疝 10010658 congenital umbilical hernia AE This is an AE which might be associated with a detrimental effect on the probability of pregnancy achievement, spontaneous abortion and on the obstetric outcome of each pregnancy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25444500/ 先天性子宫畸形 10061079 congenital uterine anomaly AE This is an AE which is a congenital condition in which urine flows retrograde, or backward, from the bladder into one or both ureters and then to the renal calyx or kidneys. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vesicoureteral_reflux 先天性膀胱输尿管回流 10010672 congenital vesicoureteric reflux AE This is an AE which is a defect in the structure of the heart or great vessels that is present at birth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congenital_heart_defect 先天性心脏病 10019273 heart disease congenital AE This is an AE which is small dilated blood vessels that can occur near the surface of the skin or mucous membranes, measuring between 0.5 and 1 millimeter in diameter and is congenital. . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Telangiectasia 先天性毛细血管扩张症 10061575 telangiectasia congenital AE This is an AE which is often associated with abnormal PA hemodynamics including increased pressure drop (Δp) and reduced asymmetric flow (Q), which may result in right ventricular dysfunction. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30293825/ 先天性肺动脉狭窄 10037339 pulmonary artery stenosis congenital AE This is an AE which is a congenital heart valve disorder. Blood going from the heart to the lungs goes through the pulmonary valve, whose purpose is to prevent blood from flowing back to the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_valve_stenosis 先天性肺动脉瓣狭窄 10037451 pulmonary valve stenosis congenital AE This is an AE which is the arrangement of digits (fingers and toes) on the hands, feet, or sometimes wings of a tetrapod animal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dactyly 先天性无指或无趾 10049207 adactyly AE This is an AE which is a congenital oral anomaly that may decrease the mobility of the tongue tip and is caused by an unusually short, thick lingual frenulum, a membrane connecting the underside of the tongue to the floor of the mouth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ankyloglossia 先天性舌系带短缩 10049244 ankyloglossia congenital AE This is an AE which is a rare disorder characterized by congenital absence of skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aplasia_cutis_congenita 先天性表皮发育不全 10002963 aplasia cutis congenita AE This is an AE which refers to a lens opacity which is present at birth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congenital_cataract 先天性白内障 10007747 cataract congenital AE This is an AE which may occur both as a unilateral and as a bilateral form with a family disposition for dacryostenosis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20645229/ 先天性泪管狭窄 10011850 dacryostenosis congenital AE This is an AE which is an abnormal difference in body structure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysmorphic_feature 先天性畸形 10066054 dysmorphism AE This is an AE which is a group of non-communicableepilepsy congenital disorders characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Epilepsy 癫痫先天性 10015039 epilepsy congenital AE This is an AE which is an abnormal difference in body structure and it can be related to a congenital disorder, genetic syndrome or birth defect. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysmorphic_feature 面部先天性畸形 10016045 facial dysmorphism AE This is an AE which is the heart block that is diagnosed in fetus (in utero) or within the first 28 days after birth (neonatal period), some studies also include the diagnosis during early childhood to the definition of CHB. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congenital_heart_block 心传导阻滞先天性 10019263 heart block congenital AE This is an AE which is the congenital abnormal exit of tissue or an organ, such as the bowel, through the wall of the cavity in which it normally resides. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hernia 先天性疝 10019912 hernia congenital AE This is an AE which may refer to an eye diseases :Vitelliform macular dystrophy, an irregular autosomal dominant eye disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Macular_dystrophy 黄斑营养不良先天性 10025412 macular dystrophy congenital AE This is an AE which as a pilonidal variety that is of no neurosurgical significance and a deep version with extension to the central nervous system. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1590721/ 先天性藏毛囊肿 10054019 pilonidal cyst congenital AE This is an AE which the hair loss typically presents itself as either a receding front hairline, loss of hair on the crown (vertex) of the scalp, or a combination of both. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pattern_hair_loss 雄性遗传脱发 10068168 androgenetic alopecia AE This is an AE which is a disorder that results in recurrent attacks of severe swelling. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hereditary_angioedema 遗传性血管性水肿 10019860 hereditary angiedema AE This is an AE which is a health problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Genetic_disorder 遗传性疾病 10061205 hereditary disorder AE This is an AE which is a genetic disorder characterized by excessive intestinal absorption of dietary iron, resulting in a pathological increase in total body iron stores. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hereditary_haemochromatosis 遗传性血色素沉着症 10057873 hereditary haemochromatosis AE This is an AE which is an abnormality of red blood cells, or erythrocytes and is a chronic disease with no cure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hereditary_spherocytosis 遗传性球形红细胞症 10019904 hereditary spherocytosis AE This is an AE which is a set of rare brain disorders where the whole or parts of the surface of the brain appear smooth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lissencephaly 无脑回 10048911 lissencephaly AE This is an AE which is the absence of a major portion of the brain, skull, and scalp that occurs during embryonic development. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anencephaly 先天无脑畸形 10002320 anencephaly AE This is an AE which is a common feature of many of the diseases that affect the brain and is congenital. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_atrophy 先天性脑萎缩 10052236 cerebral atrophy congenital AE This is an AE which forms a large class of genetic diseases involving congenital disorders of enzyme activities. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inborn_errors_of_metabolism 先天代谢错误 10062018 inborn error of metabolism AE This is an AE which is the most common type of migraine, has great impacts on quality of life for migraineurs. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30007828/ 先兆型偏头痛 10052787 migraine without aura AE This is an AE which is a disorder of pregnancy characterized by the onset of high blood pressure and often a significant amount of protein in the urine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pre-eclampsia 先兆子痫 10036485 pre-eclampsia AE This is an AE which is a genetic disorder that results in the destruction of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tay%E2%80%93Sachs_disease 黑蒙性先天白痴 10061888 amaurotic familial idiocy AE This is an AE which is a severe, complex malformation of monozygotic twinning. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22002952/ 无心畸形 10075721 acardia AE This is an AE which is the slowness of thought common to many disorders of the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bradyphrenia 智力迟钝 10050012 bradyphrenia AE This is an AE which is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_disability 智力疾病 10067989 intellectual disability AE This is an AE which occurs when an organism is exceptionally small. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dwarfism 侏儒症 10013883 dwarfism AE This is an AE which is a neurodegenerative disease that results in the progressive loss of motor neurons that control voluntary muscles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amyotrophic_lateral_sclerosis 家族性肌萎缩侧索硬化症 10077024 familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis AE This is an AE which is a hereditary inflammatory disorder and is an autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in Mediterranean fever gene, which encodes a 781 amino acid protein called pyrin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Familial_Mediterranean_fever 家族性地中海热 10016207 familial mediterranean fever AE This is an AE which is a group of rare genetic diseases that lead to weakness or paralysis from common triggers such as cold, heat, high carbohydrate meals, not eating, stress or excitement and physical activity of any kind. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Periodic_paralysis 家族性周期性麻痹 10016208 familial periodic paralysis AE This is an AE which is a medical condition characterized by involuntary rhythmic contractions and relaxations (oscillations or twitching movements) of certain muscle groups in one or more body parts of unknown cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Essential_tremor 家族性震颤 10016212 familial tremor AE This is an AE which is an uncommon form of Alzheimer's disease that usually strikes earlier in life, defined as before the age of 65 (usually between 30 and 60 years of age) and is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, identified by genetics and other characteristics such as the age of onset. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Early-onset_Alzheimer%27s_disease#Familial_Alzheimer's_disease 早发性家族性阿尔茨海默病 10078036 early onset familial alzheimer's disease AE This is an AE which is an alteration in the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mutation 基因突变 10064571 gene mutation AE This is an AE which is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence – the order of nucleotides in DNA. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/DNA_sequencing 基因测序 10069604 gene sequencing AE This is an AE which is caused by errors in fatty acid metabolism. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inborn_error_of_lipid_metabolism 先天脂质代谢错误 10072272 inborn error of lipid metabolism AE This is an AE which is inherited blood disorders characterized by decreased hemoglobin production. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thalassemia 地中海贫血 10043388 thalassaemia AE This is an AE which is the inflammation, with effusion, of different serous membranes. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29761620/ 多浆膜炎 10036141 polyserositis AE This is an AE which is a rare genetic disease that can affect many parts of the body, including the kidneys, heart, and skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fabry_disease 法布瑞氏症 10016016 fabry's disease AE This is an AE which is a congenital heart defect characterized by four specific cardiac defects. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tetralogy_of_Fallot 法乐氏四联症 10016193 fallot's tetralogy AE This is an AE which is the most common hereditary blood-clotting disorder in humans. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Von_Willebrand_disease 冯维勒布兰德病 10047715 von willebrand's disease AE This is an AE which is an autosomal-recessive genetic disease that causes difficulty walking, a loss of sensation in the arms and legs, and impaired speech that worsens over time. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Friedreich%27s_ataxia 弗里德希氏共济失调 10017374 friedreich's ataxia AE This is an AE which is a genetic disorder in which glucocerebroside (a sphingolipid, also known as glucosylceramide) accumulates in cells and certain organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gaucher%27s_disease 高歇氏病 10018048 gaucher's disease AE This is an AE which is a rare genetic disorder in which large sugar molecules called glycosaminoglycans (or GAGs or mucopolysaccharides) build up in body tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hunter_syndrome 黏多糖病二期 10056889 mucopolysaccharidosis ii AE QY, JX, HY 特殊感觉先天异常 10041420 special senses congenital anomaly AE This is an AE which is a common source for life-threatening infections,so it often feels discomfortable. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23830659/ 尿路不适 10076568 urinary tract discomfort AE This is an AE which associated with ulcerative colitis (GDUC) is rare. QY, JX, HY https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7479559/ 胃十二指肠炎 10048714 gastroduodenitis AE This is an AE which is a disease of a joint. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Arthropathy 肠病发性脊柱炎 10076549 enteropathic spondylitis AE This is an AE which is a group of diseases involving rectosigmoid abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cancer 直肠乙状结肠癌 10038086 rectosigmoid cancer AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which injury to the large or small intestine occurs due to not enough blood supply. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intestinal_ischemia 肠系膜闭塞 10027399 mesenteric occlusion AE This is an AE which is a medical disorder consisting of weak muscular contractions (peristalsis) of the stomach, resulting in food and liquid remaining in the stomach for a prolonged period of time. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastroparesis 胃排空减少 10021518 impaired gastric emptying AE This is an AE which is a rare non-neoplastic disorder characterized by fat necrosis, chronic inflammation, and fibrosis typically of the small bowel mesentery. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30829677/ 肠系膜炎 10069665 mesenteritis AE This is an AE which is an autoimmune disease of the liver. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Primary_biliary_cholangitis 胆汁性肝硬化 10004659 biliary cirrhosis AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the colon and is autoimmune. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Colitis 自身免疫性结肠炎 10075761 autoimmune colitis AE This is an AE which is an outward bulging on the mesenteric artery wall, likened to a bubble or balloon, caused by a localized, abnormal, weak spot on a blood vessel wall. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aneurysm 肠系膜动脉动脉瘤 10079556 mesenteric artery aneurysm AE This is an AE which is an unfavorable result of a disease, health condition, or treatment on the urinary tract . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Complication_(medicine) 泌尿道手术并发症 10081331 urinary tract procedural complication AE This is an AE which is an unfavorable result of a disease, health condition, or treatment on the urinary tract stoma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Complication_(medicine) 泌尿道造口并发症 10074942 urinary tract stoma complication AE This is an AE which is defined as the involuntary retrograde passage of gastric contents into the esophagus with or without regurgitation or vomiting. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23322552/ 胃食管括约肌功能不全 10062879 gastresophageal sphincter insufficiency AE This is an AE which is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of one's stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose and is discoloured. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vomiting 变色呕吐物 10079120 discolored vomit AE This is an AE which is the presence of gallstones in the common bile duct (CBD) (thus choledocho- + lithiasis). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Common_bile_duct_stone 胆管结石 10004637 bile duct stone AE This is an AE which is thin membranes occurring anywhere along the esophagus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_web 获得性食管网 10052820 acquired esophageal web AE This is an AE which occurs because of involuntary contractions of the bladder smooth muscle after urinary catheterization. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32304405/ 膀胱不适 10005034 bladder discomfort AE This is an AE which refers to a mass of lymphoid tissue in the pharynx. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pharyngeal 咽部肿块 10049270 pharyngeal mass AE This is an AE which is the final act of digestion become disorder, by which organisms eliminate a solid, semisolid, or liquid waste material known as feces from the digestive tract via the anus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Defecation 通便障碍 10079938 defecation disorder AE This is an AE which is the final act of digestion and it is urgency, by which organisms eliminate a solid, semisolid, or liquid waste material known as feces from the digestive tract via the anus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Defecation 紧急通便 10012110 defecation urgency AE This is an AE which is a lack of control over defecation, leading to involuntary loss of bowel contents, both liquid stool elements and mucus, or solid feces. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fecal_incontinence 粪便尿失禁 10016092 faecal incontinence AE This is an AE which is a more extreme form of fecal impaction, giving the accumulation an appearance of a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fecal_impaction#Fecaloma 粪便瘤 10056325 faecaloma AE This is an AE which is the solid or semisolid remains of food that could not be digested or absorbed in the small intestine of humans, but has been further broken down by bacteria in the large intestine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Human_feces 粪便硬 10016101 faeces hard AE This is an AE which is the passage of fresh blood through the anus, usually in or with stools (contrast with melena). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematochezia 便血 10018836 haematochezia AE This is an AE which determined by self-report, was defined as difficulty in passing stool, hard stool, straining for more than 15 min, or incomplete evacuation, occurring at least weekly. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18340532/ 阻塞性排便 10076953 obstructive defecation AE This is an AE which is defined as the infrequent passage of stools or difficulty with evacuation of stools. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30228729/ 排便困难 10055664 painful defecation AE This is an AE which is defined as the infrequent passage of stools or difficulty with evacuation of stools after post procedural. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30228729/ 术后便秘 10068620 post procedural constipation AE This is an AE which refres to stool has pus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stool 大便有脓 10064830 pus in stool AE This is an AE which should be used to determine if an acute episode of diarrhea is invasive. QY, JX, HY https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1070939/ 白细胞大便 10047961 white blood cells stool AE This is an AE which refers to the presence of white blood cells within or upon casts strongly suggests pyelonephritis, a direct infection of the kidney. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Urinary_cast 白细胞尿 10050663 white blood cells urine AE This is an AE which refers to bowel movements that are infrequent or hard to pass. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Constipation 大便困难 10051244 dyschezia AE This is an AE which is voluntary or involuntary passage of feces outside of toilet trained contexts (fecal soiling) in children who are four years or older and after an organic cause has been excluded. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Encopresis 大便失禁 10014643 encopresis AE This is an AE which is food or drug administration via the human gastrointestinal tract. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Enteral_administration 肠内营养 10052591 enteral nutrition AE This is an AE which infectious enteritis are caused by four pathogens, Norovirus, Rotavirus, Campylobacter and Salmonella. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Enteritis 传染性肠炎 10058839 enteritis infectious AE This is an AE which is a segmental necrotizing infection of the jejunum and ileum caused by Clostridium perfringens, Type C. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11796843/ 坏死性肠炎 10014878 enteritis necroticans AE This is an AE which is a infection of a genus of common Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Enterobacter 肠杆菌属感染 10051910 enterobacter infection AE This is an AE which is a life-threatening condition caused by enterobacter that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sepsis 肠杆菌败血症 10054219 enterobacter sepsis AE This is an AE which is a human parasitic disease caused by the pinworm. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pinworm_infection 蛲虫病 10014881 enterobiasis AE This is an AE which is associated with large burdens of morbidity and mortality, particularly among fragile and immunosuppressed patients presenting complicated bacteraemia due to multidrug-resistant enterococci. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33152537/ 肠球菌菌血症 10014885 enterococcal bacteremia AE This is an AE which is a infection caused by a large genus of lactic acid bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Enterococcus 肠球菌感染 10061124 enterococcal infection AE This is an AE which include bacteremias when the infections are bacterial such as enterococcal when the infections are infections present in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bloodstream_infections 肠球菌脓毒症 10054221 enterococcal sepsis AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the digestive tract caused by bacterial, involving enteritis of the small intestine and colitis of the colon. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Enterocolitis 细菌性小肠结肠炎 10065206 enterocolitis bacterial AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the digestive tract with haemorrhagic, involving enteritis of the small intestine and colitis of the colon. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Enterocolitis 小肠结肠炎出血 10014896 enterocolitis haemorrhagic AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the digestive tract caused by viral, involving enteritis of the small intestine and colitis of the colon. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Enterocolitis 病毒性小肠结肠炎 10061841 enterocolitis viral AE This is an AE which is an abnormal communication between the small or large bowel and the skin that allows the contents of the stomach or intestines to leak through an opening in the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Enterocutaneous_fistula 肠皮瘘 10051425 enterocutaneous fistula AE This is an AE which refers to range from mild to severe acute infections concerning several organ systems and are also associated with chronic diseases. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30106324/ 肠道病毒感染 10014909 enterovirus infection AE This is an AE which refers to a disorder involving the attachment of a tendon or ligament to a bone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Enthesopathy 末端病 10014910 enthesopathy AE This is an AE which is a repeated inability to control urination. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Enuresis 遗尿症 10014928 enuresis AE This is an AE which is a rare entity characterized by the presence of a high eosinophilic infiltrate into the colonic wall in symptomatic patients, more often presenting with abdominal pain or diarrhea. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31122823/ 嗜酸性结肠炎 10057271 eosinophilic colitis AE This is an AE which presents either with a chronic feeling of difficulty swallowing, with food moving slowly through the oesophagus, or as an acute food bolus obstruction requiring emergency attention. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30860925/ 嗜酸性食管炎 10064212 eosinophilic esophagitis AE This is an AE which refers to the infections are bacterial such as escherichia when the infections are infections present in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bloodstream_infections 大肠杆菌菌血症 10054258 escherichia bacteremia AE This is an AE whcih is inflammation of the kidney, typically due to a bacterial such as escherichia infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pyelonephritis 大肠肾盂肾炎 10074409 escherichia pyelonephritis AE This is an AE which is a life-threatening condition caused by escherichia that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sepsis 大肠杆菌败血症 10015296 escherichia sepsis AE This is an AE which is defined in the medical literature as "flatus expelled through the anus" or the "quality or state of being flatulent", which is defined in turn as "marked by or affected with gases generated in the intestine or stomach; likely to cause digestive flatulence". QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Flatulence 肠胃气胀 10016766 flatulence AE This is an AE which refers absence of stomach muscle tone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_medicine 胃弛缓 10017753 gastric atony AE This is an AE which is a medical condition that affects dogs in which the stomach becomes overstretched and rotated by excessive gas content. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastric_dilatation_volvulus 胃扩张 10017779 gastric dilatation AE This is an AE which as been positively associated with the development of gastric ulceration in nonequine species, and reduction of hypermotility may be protective against their development. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31864457/ 胃运动过强 10052406 gastric hypermotility AE This is an AE which characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of an obstructing structural lesion in the stomach manifested as abdominal bloating. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28434448/ 胃运动减弱 10052405 gastric hypomotility AE This is an AE which is a muscular, hollow organ in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and many other animals, including several invertebrates and it has infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stomach 胃感染 10056663 gastric infection AE This is an AE which is the mucous membrane layer of the stomach and it has erythema, which contains the glands and the gastric pits. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastric_mucosa 胃粘膜红斑 10070994 gastric mucosa erythema AE This is an AE which will lead Ménétrier disease that is a very rare chronic gastric disorder. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26825202/ 胃粘膜肥大 10017807 gastric mucosal hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is hyperplastic polyps (HPs). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22414211/ 胃息肉 10017817 gastric polyps AE This is an AE which is a break in the inner lining with haemorrhage of the stomach, the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peptic_ulcer_disease 胃溃疡出血 10017826 gastric ulcer hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a safe and effective treatment for the different types of gastric varices but especially isolated gastric varices. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10202055/ 胃静脉曲张结扎 10076238 gastric variceal ligation AE This is an AE which is a twisting of all or part of the stomach by more than 180 degrees with obstruction of the flow of material through the stomach, variable loss of blood supply and possible tissue death. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastric_volvulus 胃肠扭结 10052541 gastric volvulus AE This is an AE which is an important cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, accounting for approximately one fourth of UGI bleeding in endoscopic studies. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7905865/ 胃炎出血 10017866 gastritis haemorrhagic AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the lining of the stomach caused by viral. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastritis 病毒性胃炎 10051791 gastritis viral AE This is an AE which was a medical syndrome first coined by Ludwig von Roemheld (1871–1938) describing a cluster of cardiovascular symptoms stimulated by gastrointestinal changes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Roemheld_syndrome 胃心综合征 10059360 gastrocardiac syndrome AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract caused by astroviral. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastroenteritis 胃肠炎星形病毒 10017893 gastroenteritis astroviral AE This is an AE which is self-limiting, identification of an etiological agent by bacterial stool culture is required for the management of patients with severe or prolonged diarrhea, symptoms consistent with invasive disease, or a history that may predict a complicated course of disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25567220/ 细菌性胃肠炎 10061166 gastroenteritis bacterial AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract caused by clostridial. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastroenteritis 梭状肠炎 10017898 gastroenteritis clostridial AE This is an AE which is a protozoan parasite of medical and veterinary importance that causes gastroenteritis in a variety of vertebrate hosts. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23297262/ 隐孢子虫胃肠炎 10017899 gastroenteritis cryptosporidial AE This is an AE which is an eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease (EGID) a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms and infiltration of the esophageal and/or GI mucosa by eosinophils and mast cells . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eosinophilic_gastroenteritis 嗜酸性胃肠炎 10017902 gastroenteritis eosinophilic AE This is an AE which is a leading cause of foodborne disease worldwide and may cause to gastroenteritis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29208344/ 轮状病毒肠胃炎 10017914 gastroenteritis salmonella AE This is an AE which is a disruption of the normal propulsive ability of the intestine with spastic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ileus 回肠痉挛 10021335 ileus spastic AE This is an AE which is a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis being the principal types. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammatory_bowel_disease 炎症性肠病 10021972 inflammatory bowel disease AE This is an AE which includes excessive straining, a sense of incomplete evacuation, failed or lengthy attempts to defecate, use of digital manoeuvres for evacuation of stool, abdominal bloating, and hard consistency of stools. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28185025/ 不常见的肠道运动 10059158 infrequent bowel movements AE This is an AE which is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by a group of symptoms accompanied together that include abdominal pain and changes in the consistency of bowel movements. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irritable_bowel_syndrome 肠易激综合症 10023003 irritable bowel syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare and poorly understood cause of abdominal pain in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23642042/ 狼疮肠炎 10067738 lupus enteritis AE This is an AE which may have a congenital cause such as malrotation with volvulus or a persistent omphalomesenteric duct. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26443112/ 机械性肠梗阻 10051399 mechanical ileus AE This is an AE which is a disorder of pigmentation of the wall of the colon, often identified at the time of colonoscopy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Melanosis_coli 结肠黑变病 10027158 melanosis coli AE This is an AE which is a heterogeneic group of clinically significant illnesses because of the more common imaging of the intestinal circulation when studying both vascular and nonvascular diseases of the abdomen. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12472047/ 肠系膜动脉阻塞 10027394 mesenteric arterial occlusion AE This is an AE which is a cyst in the mesenterium, and is one of the rarest abdominal tumors. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mesenteric_cyst 肠系膜囊肿 10079196 mesenteric cyst AE This is an AE which is a disease of the mesenteric lymph nodes, in which they are abnormal in size or consistency. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymphadenopathy 肠系膜淋巴结病 10071450 mesenteric lymphadenopathy AE This is an AE which is a condition characterized by chronic nonspecific inflammation of the mesentery. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26971978/ 肠系膜脂膜炎 10063031 mesenteric panniculitis AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the colon with necrotising . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Colitis 坏死性结肠炎 10051606 necrotising colitis AE This is an AE which is a devastating intestinal disease occured on neonatal that affects premature or very low birth weight infants. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Necrotizing_enterocolitis 坏死性小肠结肠炎 10055667 necrotising enterocolitis neonatal AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract caused by parasitic QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastroenteritis 寄生肠胃炎 10067720 parasitic gastroenteritis AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection caused by one of the three types of Salmonella enterica. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paratyphoid_fever 副肠热病 10033971 paratyphoid fever AE This is an AE which occurs in the dorsal portion of the perirectal tissues. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32514469/ 直肠周围脓肿 10052814 perirectal abscess AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory condition caused by escherichia of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumonia 大肠杆菌肺炎 10035699 pneumonia escherichia AE This is an AE which is a polyp (fleshy growth) occurring on the lining of the colon or rectum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Colorectal_polyp 息肉结直肠 10048646 polyp colorectal AE This is an AE which is a disruption of the normal propulsive ability of the intestine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ileus 术后肠梗阻 10054048 postoperative ileus AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the ileal pouch, an artificial rectum surgically created out of ileal gut tissue in patients who have undergone a colectomy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pouchitis 结肠袋炎 10036463 pouchitis AE This is an AE which is considered one of the initial manifestations of ulcerative colitis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29393142/ 溃疡性直肠炎 10036783 proctitis ulcerative AE This is an AE which is a general term for inflammation of the rectum and colon. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Proctocolitis 直肠结肠炎 10036784 proctocolitis AE This is an AE which is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Colorectal_cancer 直肠癌 10038038 rectal cancer AE This is an AE which is intermittent or continuous expression of liquid from the anus (per rectum). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rectal_discharge 直肠分泌物 10049101 rectal discharge AE This is an AE which is a break or tear in the skin of the anal canal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anal_fissure 直肠裂 10064993 rectal fissure AE This is an AE which is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Colorectal_cancer 直肠肿瘤 10062099 rectal neoplasm AE This is an AE which is when the rectal walls have prolapsed to a degree where they protrude out the anus and are visible outside the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rectal_prolapse 直肠脱垂 10038077 rectal prolapse AE This is an AE which is a sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ such as the rectal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spasm 直肠痉挛 10057011 rectal spasm AE This is an AE which is a feeling of incomplete defecation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rectal_tenesmus 直肠下坠 10057071 rectal tenesmus AE This is an AE which causes the rectum herniates into or forms a bulge in the vagina. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rectocele 直肠前突 10038084 rectocele AE This is an AE which is a rare malabsorption disorder caused by a lack of functional small intestine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Short_bowel_syndrome 短肠综合征 10049416 short-bowel syndrome AE This is an AE which is a disruption of the normal propulsive ability of the intestine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ileus 副肠梗阻 10050396 subileus AE This is an AE which is a gastro-vascular disorder in which the third and final portion of the duodenum is compressed between the abdominal aorta (AA) and the overlying superior mesenteric artery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Superior_mesenteric_artery_syndrome 肠系膜上动脉综合征 10054156 superior mesenteric artery syndrome AE This is an AE which is when a loop of small bowel twists around itself and the mesentery that supports it, resulting in a bowel obstruction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Volvulus 小肠扭转 10065666 volvulus of small bowel AE This is an AE which is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder affecting the uptake of zinc through the inner lining of the bowel, the mucous membrane. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acrodermatitis_enteropathica 肠病性肢端皮炎 10000596 acrodermatitis enteropathica AE This is an AE which is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Colorectal_cancer 结肠腺癌 10001167 adenocarcinoma of colon AE This is an AE which is an inflammation with allergic of the colon. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Colitis 过敏性结肠炎 10059447 allergic colitis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract with allergic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastroenteritis 过敏性肠胃炎 10075308 allergic gastroenteritis AE This is an AE which is an abscess adjacent to the anus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anorectal_abscess 肛门脓肿 10048946 anal abscess AE This is an AE which is a cancer which arises from the anus, the distal opening of the gastrointestinal tract. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anal_cancer 肛门癌 10061424 anal cancer AE This is an AE which is a anal fungal infection due to any type of Candida (a type of yeast). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Candidiasis 肛门念珠菌病 10002140 anal candidiasis AE This is an AE which is defined as localized mucous membrane tissue impairments of the anal canal caused by corrosive fecal enzymes and/or indwelling devices. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25945826/ 肛门侵蚀 10067272 anal erosion AE This is an AE which is redness of the skin or mucous membranes such as anal, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 肛门红斑 10084122 anal erythema AE This is an AE which is a common side effect of various medical conditions on the anal which manifests as a reduced sense of touch or sensation, or a partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoesthesia 肛门触觉减退 10075521 anal hypoesthesia AE This is an AE which is a lack of control over defecation, leading to involuntary loss of bowel contents, both liquid stool elements and mucus, or solid feces. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fecal_incontinence 肛门失禁 10077605 anal incontinence AE This is an AE which is the invasion of anal by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 肛门感染 10061628 anal infection AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of anal to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants,and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 肛门发炎 10050247 anal inflammation AE This is an AE which is an abnormal growth of tissue projecting from a anal mucous membrane. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Polyp_(medicine) 肛门息肉 10002168 anal polyp AE This is an AE which is when the rectal walls have prolapsed to a degree where they protrude out the anus and are visible outside the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rectal_prolapse 肛门脱垂 10065360 anal prolapse AE This is an AE which is the irritation of the skin at the exit of the rectum, known as the anus, causing the desire to scratch. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pruritus_ani 肛门瘙痒 10068172 anal pruritus AE This is an AE which is a severe, episodic pain in the regions of the rectum and anus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Proctalgia_fugax 肛门痉挛 10002173 anal spasm AE This is an AE which refers absence of anal sphincter muscle tone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_medicine 肛门括约肌弛缓 10049823 anal sphincter atony AE This is an AE which is an increase in the muscle's resistance to passive stretching. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32636059/ 肛门括约肌张力亢进 10066894 anal sphincter hypertonia AE This is an AE which is a pre-cancerous condition which occurs when the lining of the anal canal undergoes abnormal changes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anal_dysplasia 肛门-生殖器发育不良 10051999 anogenital dysplasia AE This is an AE which is a sexually transmitted infection caused by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Genital_wart 肛门-生殖器疣 10059313 anogenital warts AE This is an AE which refers to acute or subacute arthritis in association with, or as a reaction to, an enteric (usually colonic) inflammatory condition. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Enteropathic_arthropathy 关节炎肠病 10003253 arthritis enteropathic AE This is an AE which refer to a transient abnormal enlargement of a body part or area such as anorectal not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 肛门直肠的肿胀 10074526 anorectal swelling AE This is an AE which is a rare disorder of the immune system condition that affects infants, young children and (rarely) adults causing severe diarrhea, vomiting, and other morbidities of the digestive tract. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_enteropathy 自身免疫性肠病 10081456 autoimmune enteropathy AE This is an AE which is a mass often found trapped in the gastrointestinal system,though it can occur in other locations. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bezoar 胃肠石 10004542 bezoar AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract caused by campylobacter . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastroenteritis 弯曲杆菌肠胃炎 10007048 campylobacter gastroenteritis AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory bowel disease affecting the colon specifically with peak incidence in the 5th decade of life, affecting women more than men. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Collagenous_colitis 胶原性结肠炎 10048928 colitis collagenous AE This is an AE which is a benign tumor of epithelial tissue colon with glandular origin, glandular characteristics, or both. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adenoma 结肠腺瘤 10048832 colon adenoma AE This is an AE which is any of various types of abnormal growth or development of cells (microscopic scale) and/or organs (macroscopic scale) such as colon. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysplasia 结肠发育不良 10071161 colon dysplasia AE This is an AE which is the second most commonly injured intra-abdominal organ in penetrating trauma. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23336650/ 结肠损伤 10057669 colon injury AE This is an AE which used this technique in infants with intestinal obstruction due to anorectal malformations, intestinal atresias, and post-NEC strictures, to good effect. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15243777/ 结肠灌洗 10074741 colonic lavage AE This is an AE which is a polyp (fleshy growth) occurring on the lining of the colon or rectum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Colorectal_polyp 结肠息肉 10010003 colonic polyp AE This is an AE which is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract caused by escherichia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Urinary_tract_infection 膀胱炎大肠 10011790 cystitis escherichia AE This is an AE which is a procedure used to visualise the urinary bladder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cystography 膀胱照片 10011804 cystogram AE This is an AE which is uncommonly found on upper endoscopy and can be categorized as subepithelial or mucosally-based. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26811610/ 十二指肠息肉 10013833 duodenal polyp AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the duodenum and may persist acutely or chronically. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Duodenitis 十二指肠炎 10013864 duodenitis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the duodenum with haemorrhagic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Duodenitis 十二指肠炎出血 10013865 duodenitis hemorrhagic AE This is an AE which consists of retrograde passage of alkaline duodenal contents into the stomach; it may occur due to antroduodenal motility disorder (primary DGR) or may arise following surgical alteration of gastoduodenal anatomy or because of biliary pathology (secondary DGR). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17285081/ 十二指肠胃反流 10060865 duodenogastric reflux AE This is an AE which is uncommon disease caused by Herpes simplex virus (HSV). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33054791/ 疱疹食管炎 10052330 herpes esophagitis AE This is an AE which is the second most common cause of infectious esophagitis and it occurs in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31106821/ 单纯疱疹食管炎 10074242 herpes simplex esophagitis AE This is an AE which refers to bleeding from a laceration in the mucosa at the junction of the stomach and esophagus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mallory%E2%80%93Weiss_syndrome 食管贲门粘膜撕裂综合征 10026712 mallory-weiss syndrome AE This is an AE which is a failure of smooth muscle fibers to relax, which can cause the lower esophageal sphincter to remain closed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_achalasia 食管失弛缓性 10030136 esophageal achalasia AE This is an AE which is the most common type of infectious esophagitis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31772927/ 食管念珠菌病 10030154 esophageal candidiasis AE This is an AE which is a malignancy that develops from oesophageal epithelial cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Carcinoma 食管癌 10030155 esophageal carcinoma AE This is an AE which includs a spectrum of disorders affecting the oesophagus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastrointestinal_disease 食管疾病 10061318 esophageal disorder AE This is an AE which is the ability of oesophageal to move independently, using metabolic energy QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Motility 食管运动减弱 10067752 esophageal hypomotility AE This is an AE which can cause chest pain, heartburn, or dysphagia. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32866357/ 食管运动障碍 10072419 esophageal motility disorder AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the oesophageal tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 食管的水肿 10064342 esophageal edema AE This is an AE which is an uncommon disease that does not appear to predispose to esophageal cancer. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11555097/ 食管乳头状瘤 10071192 esophageal papilloma AE This is an AE which is a rupture of the esophageal wall. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_rupture 食管破裂 10052211 esophageal rupture AE This is an AE which is a disorder of motility of the esophagus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_spasm 食管痉挛 10030184 esophageal spasm AE This is an AE which is a predictor of poor prognosis in patients with oesophageal cancer. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29617789/ 食管狭窄 10030194 esophageal stenosis AE This is an AE which occur mainly as a result of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17465462/ 食管溃疡 10030201 esophageal ulcer AE This is an AE which is a chronic condition in which stomach contents rise up into the esophagus, resulting in either symptoms or complications. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastroesophageal_reflux_disease 反流性食管炎 10038263 reflux esophagitis AE This is an AE which is an abnormal connection (fistula) between the esophagus and the trachea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tracheoesophageal_fistula 气管食管瘘 10044310 tracheo-esophageal fistula AE This is an AE which is rare and the most common causes are tuberculosis and malignancy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8737559/ 获得性气管食管瘘 10000582 acquired tracheo-esophageal fistula AE This is an AE which is a condition in which there is an abnormal (metaplastic) change in the mucosal cells lining the lower portion of the esophagus, from normal stratified squamous epithelium to simple columnar epithelium with interspersed goblet cells that are normally present only in the small intestine and large intestine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Barrett%27s_esophagus 巴雷特食管 10004137 barrett's oesophagus AE This is an AE which is a disease characterized by inflammation with erosive of the esophagus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Esophagitis 侵蚀性食管炎 10063655 erosive esophagitis AE This is an AE which refers to the state in the stomach where gastric acid levels are higher than the reference range. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperchlorhydria 胃酸过多症 10020601 hyperchlorhydria AE This is an AE which is an abnormality in the stomach caused by chemicals, e.g. bile, alcohol, and characteristically has minimal inflammation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reactive_gastropathy 反应性胃病 10075425 reactive gastropathy AE This is an AE which refer to states where the production of hydrochloric acid in gastric secretions of the stomach and other digestive organs is absent or low, respectively. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Achlorhydria 胃酸缺乏症 10000451 achlorhydria AE This is an AE which refers to a wide range of problems of the gastric tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastritis#Chronic 慢性胃炎 10008882 chronic gastritis AE This is an AE which remains a common and potentially life-threatening complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25398933/ 慢性移植物抗宿主病 10066261 chronic graft versus host disease AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the lining of the stomach caused by helicobacter. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastritis 幽门螺杆菌胃炎 10054272 helicobacter gastritis AE This is an AE which is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria possessing a characteristic helical shape and causes infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Helicobacter 幽门螺杆菌感染 10054263 helicobacter infection AE This is an AE which is a painful mouth infection caused by coxsackieviruses. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Herpangina 疱疹性咽峡炎 10019936 herpangina AE This is an AE which is inflammation caused by herpes of the back of the throat. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pharyngitis 疱疹咽炎 10066888 herpes pharyngitis AE This is an AE which is inflammation caused by herpes zoster of the back of the throat. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pharyngitis 带状疱疹咽炎 10074245 herpes zoster pharyngitis AE This is an AE which is the part of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity, and above the oesophagus and trachea (the tubes going down to the stomach and the lungs) and it has blistering. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pharynx 口咽部水疱 10067950 oropharyngeal blistering AE This is an AE which is the part of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity, and above the oesophagus and trachea (the tubes going down to the stomach and the lungs) and feels it discomfortable. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pharynx 口咽不适 10068318 oropharyngeal discomfort AE This is an AE which may impede tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway insertion. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29634531/ 口咽伤疤 10070837 oropharyngeal scar AE This is an AE which can manifest as a rare complication after surgery for obstructive sleep apnea or tonsillectomy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29634531/ 口咽狭窄 10084375 oropharyngeal stenosis AE This is an AE which is the part of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity and it is swelling. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pharynx 口咽肿胀 10031118 oropharyngeal swelling AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the pharyngeal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 咽脓肿 10067781 pharyngeal abscess AE This is an AE which is diverse and can include developmental, traumatic, immune-mediated, infectious, metabolic, endocrine, neurologic, neoplastic, and inflammatory etiologies. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7817488/ 咽疾病 10067353 pharyngeal disorder AE This is an AE which is a rash (small spots) on the pharyngeal mucous membranes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Enanthem 咽黏膜疹 10073741 pharyngeal enanthema AE This is an AE which is redness of the pharyngeal skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 咽红斑 10057009 pharyngeal erythema AE This is an AE which is a fluid emitted by an organism pharyngeal through pores or a wound. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exudate 咽分泌物 10072369 pharyngeal exudate AE This is an AE which causing partial airway obstruction. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33653857/ 咽血肿 10068121 pharyngeal hematoma AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of pharyngeal tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 咽肥大 10057344 pharyngeal hypertrophy AE This is an AE which can be quantified with sensory testing using LSR and can cause dysphagia. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31381234/ 咽触觉减退 10059923 pharyngeal hypoesthesia AE This is an AE which is the part of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity, and above the oesophagus and trachea (the tubes going down to the stomach and the lungs) and is injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pharynx 咽受伤 10061555 pharyngeal injury AE This is an AE which is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of pharyngeal , usually caused by disease or trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lesion 咽病变 10054826 pharyngeal lesion AE This is an AE which is a firmly attached white patch on pharyngeal mucous membrane which is associated with increased risk of cancer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Leukoplakia 咽黏膜白斑病 10051731 pharyngeal leukoplakia AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the pharyngeal tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 咽部水肿 10034829 pharyngeal edema AE This is an AE which is related to low pressure of lower esophageal sphincter(LES ) and high pressure of upper esophageal sphincter (UES). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26647543/ 咽部感觉异常 10076737 pharyngeal paraesthesia AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of pharyngeal part or area not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 咽肿胀 10082270 pharyngeal swelling AE This is an AE which caused by CMV infection, related to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33691621/ 咽部溃疡 10034834 pharyngeal ulceration AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the back of the throat caused by bacterial. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pharyngitis 咽炎细菌 10057869 pharyngitis bacterial AE This is an AE which is an infection of the back of the throat including the tonsils caused by group A streptococcus (GAS). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Streptococcal_pharyngitis 咽炎链球菌 10034839 pharyngitis streptococcal AE This is an AE which is a significant complication following the use of laryngeal mask airway (LMA). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24226490/ 咽喉不适 10065968 pharyngolaryngeal discomfort AE This is an AE which develops from tissues in the lip and oral cavity (mouth), larynx (throat), salivary glands, nose, sinuses or the skin of the face. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Head_and_neck_cancer 咽喉癌 10043515 throat cancer AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the back of the throat caused by viral. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pharyngitis 病毒性咽炎 10047473 viral pharyngitis AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection involving the inner layers of the pharyngeal skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cellulitis 蜂窝织炎咽 10007920 cellulitis pharyngeal AE This is an AE which is a sound made at the back of the throat by tightly constricting the laryngopharyngeal tissues and vibrating the palatoglossal arch and the vocal folds while exhaling through the nose. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Throat-clear 慢性咽喉清 10075070 chronic throat clearing AE This is an AE which is a tube that links the nasopharynx to the middle ear, of which it is also a part and its functions become disorder . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eustachian_tube 咽鼓管疾病 10061462 eustachian tube disorder AE This is an AE which is defined as pressure abnormalities in the middle ear which result in symptoms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eustachian_tube_dysfunction 咽鼓管功能障碍 10015543 eustachian tube dysfunction AE This is an AE which is a tube that links the nasopharynx to the middle ear, of which it is also a part and becomes obstruction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eustachian_tube 咽鼓管梗阻 10015544 eustachian tube obstruction AE This is an AE which is the name of a physical disorder where the Eustachian tube, which is normally closed, instead stays intermittently open. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Patulous_Eustachian_tube 咽鼓管扩展 10015546 eustachian tube patulous AE This is an AE which is the irritation of the skin at the exit of the rectum, known as the anus, causing the desire to scratch. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pruritus_ani 肛门瘙痒症 10037089 pruritus ani AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of anal papilla tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 肥厚性肛门乳头 10058442 hypertrophic anal papilla AE This is an AE which is a anal sphincter condition typified by a weakness of voluntary movement, or by partial loss of voluntary movement or by impaired movement. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paresis 麻痹性痴呆肛门括约肌 10050373 paresis anal sphincter AE This is an AE which is a calcification of the gallbladder believed to be brought on by excessive gallstones, although the exact cause is not clear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Porcelain_gallbladder 瓷样胆囊 10050899 porcelain gallbladder AE This is an AE which is a type of cancer that forms in the bile ducts. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cholangiocarcinoma 胆管癌 10008593 cholangiocarcinoma AE This is an AE which is any inflammation with infective of the biliary tree. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cholangitis_(disambiguation) 感染性胆管炎 10075445 cholangitis infective AE This is an AE which is defined as a condition with progressive stenosis and destruction of the bile ducts due to diffuse inflammation and fibrosis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30205418/ 硬化性胆管炎 10008609 cholangitis sclerosing AE This is an AE which is defined as inflammation of the gallbladder and is usually caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24679431/ 急性胆囊炎 10008614 cholecystitis acute AE This is an AE which occurs after repeated episodes of acute cholecystitis and is almost always due to gallstones and may be asymptomatic, may present as a more severe case of acute cholecystitis, or may lead to a number of complications such as gangrene, perforation, or fistula formation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cholecystitis#Chronic_cholecystitis 慢性胆囊炎 10008617 cholecystitis chronic AE This is an AE which is inflammation with infective of the gallbladder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cholecystitis 感染性胆囊炎 10062631 cholecystitis infective AE This is an AE which encompass a wide breadth of diseases that vary in severity. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33478678/ 胆囊疾病 10017626 gallbladder disorder AE This is an AE which is a small hollow organ where bile is stored and concentrated before it is released into the small intestine and becomes hypofunction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gallbladder 胆囊功能不良 10080936 gallbladder hypofunction AE This is an AE which leads to cicatricial and adhesive processes in its wall and surrounding tissues that significantly complicates cholecystectomy and increases the risk of bile ducts trauma. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29460879/ 胆囊无功能 10080936 gallbladder non-functioning AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the gallbladder tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 胆囊水肿 10017637 gallbladder edema AE This is an AE which is extremely rare, majority of ruptures occur secondary to traumatic injuries. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30611267/ 胆囊破裂 10081151 gallbladder rupture AE This is an AE which is defined by acute distension of the gallbladder. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17402689/ 胆囊积水 10056972 hydrocholecystis AE This is an AE which is a cause of several gut-related problems, the main one being chronic diarrhea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bile_acid_malabsorption 胆汁酸吸收不良 10069703 bile acid malabsorption AE This is an AE which is an autoimmune disease of the liver. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Primary_biliary_cholangitis 原发性胆汁性肝硬化 10004661 biliary cirrhosis primary AE This is an AE which is rare dilatations of different parts of a biliary tract. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23002354/ 胆道囊肿 10052384 biliary cyst AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of neoplasm tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 胆道肿瘤 10004668 biliary neoplasm AE This is an AE which is any of a number of long tube-like structures that carry bile, and is present in most vertebrates. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bile_duct#Clinical_significance 胆道梗阻 10084247 biliary obstruction AE This is an AE which refers to the liver, gall bladder and bile ducts, and how they work together to make, store and secrete bile and its function gets disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Biliary_tract 胆道疾病 10061008 biliary tract disorder AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which cholestasis occurs during pregnancy and typically presents with itching and can lead to complications for both mother and baby. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intrahepatic_cholestasis_of_pregnancy 妊娠胆汁淤积 10049055 cholestasis of pregnancy AE This is an AE which is a destructive and expanding growth consisting of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear and/or mastoid process. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cholesteatoma 胆脂瘤 10008642 cholesteatoma AE This is an AE which is an over-stimulation at a neuromuscular junction due to an excess of acetylcholine (ACh), as a result of the inactivity of the AChE enzyme, which normally breaks down acetylcholine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cholinergic_crisis 胆碱能综合症 10008674 cholinergic syndrome AE This is an AE which defines persisting conjugated hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn with conjugated bilirubin levels exceeding 15% (5.0 mg/dL) of total bilirubin level. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_cholestasis 新生儿胆汁淤积 10056528 neonatal cholestasis AE This is an AE which is an autoimmune disease of the liver. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Primary_biliary_cholangitis 原发性胆汁性胆管炎 10080429 primary biliary cholangitis AE This is an AE which is a hollow muscular organ in humans and other vertebrates that stores urine from the kidneys before disposal by urination and the organ is haemorrhage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Urinary_bladder 膀胱出血 10046528 urinary bladder hemorrhage AE This is an AE which may occur if the bladder is overfilled and not emptied. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Urinary_bladder_disease 膀胱破裂 10046530 urinary bladder rupture AE This is an AE which is microscopic cylindrical structures produced by the kidney and present in the urine in certain disease states. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Urinary_cast 尿沉渣 10080828 urinary sediment AE This is an AE which includes urinary incontinence, urgency and nocturia. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28937771/ 排尿困难 10069648 urinary straining AE This is an AE which is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract and children the only symptom of a urinary tract infection (UTI) may be a fever . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Urinary_tract_infection 新生儿尿路感染 10046573 urinary tract infection neonatal AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of urinary tract tissues to harmful stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 泌尿道炎症 10064921 urinary tract inflammation AE This is an AE which is a condition in which urine flows retrograde, or backward, from the bladder into one or both ureters and then to the renal calyx or kidneys. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vesicoureteral_reflux 膀胱输尿管反流 10047370 vesicoureteric reflux AE This is an AE which includes urinary bladder inflammation such as cystitis, bladder rupture and bladder obstruction (tamponade). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Urinary_bladder_disease 膀胱疾病 10061011 bladder disorder AE This is an AE which can treat with optional fulguration of Hunner lesions, improved IC symptoms. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26208131/ 膀胱积水 10066923 bladder hydrodistension AE This is an AE which is a bladder state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell-lining damage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irritation 膀胱刺激 10005052 bladder irritation AE This is an AE which refers absence of bladder sphincter muscle tone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_medicine#Atony 膀胱括约肌弛缓 10005073 bladder sphincter atony AE This is an AE which is a chronic functional condition of unknown pathogenesis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_vomiting_syndrome 周期性呕吐综合征 10062937 cyclic vomiting syndrome AE This is an AE which is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of one's stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose occured on the infantile. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vomiting 小儿呕吐 10075315 infantile vomiting AE This is an AE which is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of one's stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose after post-tussive . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vomiting 咳嗽后呕吐 10066220 post-tussive vomiting AE This is an AE which is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of one's stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose after procedural . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vomiting 手术后呕吐 10066963 procedural vomiting AE This is an AE which is a symptom of pregnancy that involves nausea or vomiting. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Morning_sickness 怀孕呕吐 10047704 vomiting in pregnancy AE This is an AE which is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of one's stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose occured on the neonatal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vomiting 呕吐新生儿 10047705 vomiting neonatal AE This is an AE which is an intense form of vomiting, sometimes seen in infants, that may include vomit exiting out the nostrils. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vomiting 喷射型呕吐 10047708 vomiting projectile AE This is an AE which is a diffuse sensation of unease and discomfort, often perceived as an urge to vomit and it occured after the procedural . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nausea 手术后恶心 10066962 procedural nausea AE This is an AE which is tumours that form in the tissues of salivary glands. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Salivary_gland_tumour 涎腺脓肿 10000305 abscess of salivary gland AE This is an AE which is inflammation with noninfective of salivary glands, usually the major ones, the most common being the parotid gland, followed by submandibular and sublingual glands. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sialadenitis 非感染性涎腺炎 10075243 noninfective sialoadenitis AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the appendiceal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 阑尾的脓肿 10049764 appendiceal abscess AE This is an AE which is a stone made of feces when it occurs in the appendix and is sometimes concomitant with appendicitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fecalith 阑尾石 10074458 appendicolith AE This is an AE which is very rare cancers of the vermiform appendix. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Appendix_cancer 阑尾癌 10073360 appendix cancer AE This is an AE which is a finger-like, blind-ended tube connected to the cecum and its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Appendix_(anatomy) 阑尾疾病 10060960 appendix disorder AE This is an AE which is normally observed within the first 10 to 100 days post-transplant, and is a major challenge to transplants owing to associated morbidity and mortality. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Graft-versus-host_disease#Acute 急性移植抗宿主病 10066260 acute graft versus host disease AE This is an AE which is an extracellular fluid produced and secreted by salivary glands in the mouth and it becomes discolouration. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Saliva 唾液变色 10049069 saliva discoloration AE This is an AE which is tumours that form in the tissues of salivary glands. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Salivary_gland_tumour 唾液腺腺瘤 10051636 salivary gland adenoma AE This is an AE which is a concretion of material, usually mineral salts, that forms in an organ or duct of the salivary gland. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Calculus_(medicine) 唾液腺结石 10039394 salivary gland calculus AE This is an AE which is a type of salivary gland diseases. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Salivary_gland_disease 唾液腺肿大 10039408 salivary gland enlargement AE This is an AE which is tumours that form in the tissues of salivary glands. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Salivary_gland_tumour 唾液腺肿瘤 10061497 salivary gland neoplasm AE This is an AE which is exocrine glands that produce saliva through a system of ducts and feels pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Salivary_gland 唾液腺疼痛 10039421 salivary gland pain AE This is an AE which is the movement of material from one point to another, such as a secreted chemical substance from a salivary gland. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Secretion 唾液分泌过多 10039424 salivary hypersecretion AE This is an AE which is a break in the inner lining of the stomach, the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peptic_ulcer_disease 消化性溃疡 10034341 peptic ulcer AE This is an AE which is an infection of a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive, non-spore forming bacteria . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peptostreptococcus 消化链球菌属感染 10054124 peptostreptococcus infection AE This is an AE which is a condition in which an untreated ulcer has burned through the mucosal wall in a segment of the gastrointestinal tract (e.g., the stomach or colon) allowing gastric contents to leak into the abdominal cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Perforated_ulcer 穿孔性溃疡 10062065 perforated ulcer AE This is an AE which is an abscess adjacent to the anus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anorectal_abscess 肛周脓肿 10034447 perianal abscess AE This is an AE which is redness of the perianal skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 肛周的红斑 10056273 perianal erythema AE This is an AE which is a chronic motility disorder characterized by effortless regurgitation of most meals following consumption, due to the involuntary contraction of the muscles around the abdomen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rumination_syndrome 反刍 10027387 merycism AE This is an AE which is the expulsion of material from the pharynx, or esophagus, usually characterized by the presence of undigested food or blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Regurgitation_(digestion) 反流 10067171 regurgitation AE This is an AE which can present with sonographic findings similar to hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26835566/ 幽门痉挛 10037628 pylorospasm AE This is an AE which is a narrowing of the opening from the stomach to the first part of the small intestine (the pylorus). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pyloric_stenosis 幽门狭窄 10037621 pyloric stenosis AE This is an AE which causes pulmonary atelectasis, secondary pneumonia, and respiratory failure is a frequent complication particularly in patients recovering from abdominal and thoracic surgery. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1519152/ 痰液潴留 10059685 sputum retention AE This is an AE which is mucus with purulent that is coughed up from the lower airways (the trachea and bronchi). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sputum 痰中带脓 10050090 sputum purulent AE This is an AE which is complicated inflammation of the appendix. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Appendicitis 复杂性阑尾炎 10081534 complicated appendicitis AE This is an AE which is having more body fat than is optimally healthy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Overweight 超重 10033307 overweight AE This is an AE which is a symptom of pregnancy that involves nausea or vomiting. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Morning_sickness 晨吐 10047704 morning sickness AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of the epiglottis—the flap at the base of the tongue that prevents food entering the trachea (windpipe). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Epiglottitis 会厌炎 10015030 epiglottitis AE This is an AE which is defined as a condition in which a person does not have the physical or financial capability to eat sufficient food to meet basic nutritional needs for a sustained period. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hunger 饥饿 10020466 hunger AE This is an AE which is a severe deficiency in caloric energy intake, below the level needed to maintain an organism's life. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Starvation 饥饿 10041954 starvation AE This is an AE which is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that may affect any segment of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Crohn%27s_disease 克罗恩氏病 10011401 crohn's disease AE This is an AE which is a slight bulge in the small intestine present at birth and a vestigial remnant of the omphalomesenteric duct (also called the vitelline duct or yolk stalk). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meckel%27s_diverticulum 憩室炎氏 10013542 diverticulitis meckel's AE This is an AE which is a person whose body weight is considered too low to be healthy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Underweight 体重过轻 10048828 underweight AE This is an AE which is a condition of excessive air swallowing, which goes to the stomach. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aerophagia 吞气症 10052813 aerophagia AE This is an AE which is vascular structures in the anal canal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemorrhoid 痔核 10019022 haemorrhoids AE This is an AE which is a type of gastroenteritis that results in bloody diarrhea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysentery 痢疾 10051402 dysentery AE This is an AE which is when a loop of intestine twists around itself and the mesentery that supports it, resulting in a bowel obstruction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Volvulus 扭转 10047697 volvulus AE QY, JX, HY 粪便呕吐 10064670 faecal vomiting AE QY, JX, HY 胃粘膜病变 10061164 gastric mucosal lesion AE QY, JX, HY 蛋白丢失性胃肠病 10059344 protein-losing gastroenteropathy AE QY, JX, HY 肛门不适 10052811 anal discomfort AE QY, JX, HY 肛门损伤 10055023 anal injury AE QY, JX, HY 肛门直肠不适 10068286 anorectal discomfort AE QY, JX, HY 肠运动不规则 10063541 bowel movement irregularity AE QY, JX, HY 食管不适 10053634 esophageal discomfort AE QY, JX, HY 食管损伤 10058522 esophageal injury AE QY, JX, HY 食管刺激 10070818 esophageal irritation AE QY, JX, HY 食管梗阻 10030178 esophageal obstruction AE QY, JX, HY 食管炎溃疡性 10049098 esophagitis ulcerative AE QY, JX, HY 食管烧伤 10006707 burn esophageal AE QY, JX, HY 口腔损伤 10049294 mouth injury AE QY, JX, HY 口腔粘膜喷发 10030997 oral mucosal eruption AE QY, JX, HY 口腔粘膜表皮脱落 10064487 oral mucosal exfoliation AE QY, JX, HY 胃肿块 10066792 stomach mass AE QY, JX, HY 口腔球菌感染 10068385 stomatococcal infection AE QY, JX, HY 口腔烧伤 10075532 burn oral cavity AE QY, JX, HY 醋酸性呕吐 10058938 acetonaemic vomiting AE QY, JX, HY 口咽斑块 10067721 oropharyngeal plaque AE QY, JX, HY 咽侵蚀 10062773 pharyngeal erosion AE QY, JX, HY 胆汁分泌不足 10071634 deficiency of bile secretion AE This is an AE which blockage of the ear canal due to swelling of the eardrum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congestion 耳朵堵塞 10052136 ear congestion AE This is an AE which a transient abnormal enlargement of ear not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 耳肿胀 10003800 auricular swelling AE This is an AE which due to neurological damage is hearing loss that precludes a person from understanding spoken language, an audiological condition. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Deafness 神经感觉性耳聋 10011891 deafness neurosensory AE This is an AE which is permanently hearing loss that precludes a person from understanding spoken language, an audiological condition. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Deafness 永久性耳聋 10011894 deafness permanent AE This is an AE which is temporarily hearing loss that precludes a person from understanding spoken language, an audiological condition. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Deafness 暂时性耳聋 10011900 deafness transitory AE This is an AE which is a group of inflammatory noninfective diseases of the middle ear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Otitis_media 非感染性鼓膜炎 10078830 noninfective myringitis AE This is an AE which is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Otitis_media 鼓膜疾病 10062218 tympanic membrane disorder AE This is an AE which is an injury to the auditory nerve. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Accessory_nerve_disorder 听觉神经障碍 10078794 auditory nerve disorder AE This is an AE which is the process of scuffing, scratching, wearing down, marring, or rubbing away on the ear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abrasion_(mechanical) 耳磨损 10061828 ear abrasion AE This is an AE which is redness of the ear canal membranes, caused by hyperemia in superficial capillaries . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 耳道红斑 10052135 ear canal erythema AE This is an AE which occurs fairly frequently and can leave minor to major deformity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ear#Injury 耳道伤 10056319 ear canal injury AE This is an AE which is a functional abnormality or disturbance on the ear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Disease#Disorder 耳部疾病 10014004 ear disorder AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels and occurs on the ear . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 耳朵出血 10014009 ear hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a general term for inflammation or infection of the ear, in both humans and other animals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Otitis 耳炎 10014011 ear infection AE This is an AE which is the invasion of ear tissues by disease-causing bacterial. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 耳朵细菌感染 10067046 ear infection bacterial AE This is an AE which a superficial mycotic infection of the outer ear canal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Otomycosis 耳朵真菌感染 10068630 ear infection fungal AE This is an AE which is an ear infection caused by members of the Staphylococcus genus of bacteria . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcal_infection 耳朵葡萄球菌感染 10057347 ear infection staphylococcal AE This is an AE which occurs when ear is invaded by pathogenic viruses, and infectious virus particles (virions) attach to and enter susceptible cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Viral_disease 耳朵病毒感染 10061830 ear infection viral AE This is an AE which including outer ear injury, middle ear injury, inner ear injury and tinnitus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ear#Injury 耳朵受伤 10057446 ear injury AE This is an AE which is the invasion of an organism's ear lobe by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of ear tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 耳垂感染 10014014 ear lobe infection AE This is an AE which are seen with the shape of a ear part and functional disorders in which problems exist with how a ear part works. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect#congenital_malformation 耳畸形 10014016 ear malformation AE This is an AE which is a sensation that causes the desire or reflex to scratch on ear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Itch 耳朵瘙痒 10052138 ear pruritus AE This is an AE which is a transient abnormal enlargement of ear part or area not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 耳肿胀 10014025 ear swelling AE This is an AE which is a superficial infection of the ear that may be precipitated by trauma, an insect bite, or ear piercing. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ear_pain#External_ear 外耳蜂窝织炎 10015729 external ear cellulitis AE This is an AE which occur fairly frequently and can leave minor to major deformity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ear#Outer_ear_2 外耳疾病 10061456 external ear disorder AE This is an AE which can cause hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo and imbalance. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23648600/ 内耳疾病 10061524 inner ear disorder AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of inner ear to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 内耳炎 10066966 inner ear inflammation AE This is an AE which is suddenly a partial or total inability to hear and may occur in one or both ears. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hearing_loss 突发性听力损失 10061373 sudden hearing loss AE This is an AE which is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Otitis_media 中耳疾病 10061290 middle ear disorder AE This is an AE which is fluid accumulation that can occur in the middle ear and mastoid air cells due to negative pressure produced by dysfunction of the Eustachian tube. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Otitis_media#Otitis_media_with_effusion 中耳积液 10062545 middle ear effusion AE This is an AE which is an abnormal sensation of the ear skin (tingling, pricking, chilling, burning, numbness) with no apparent physical cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paresthesia 耳朵感觉异常 10052433 paraesthesia ear AE This is an AE which is an abnormality of the structure of external ear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect 先天性外耳异常 10062339 anomaly of external ear congenital AE This is an AE which describes a rare congenital deformity that involves the complete absence of the pinna, the outer projected portion of the ear, and narrowing or absence of the ear canal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anotia 无耳 10002654 anotia AE This is an AE which is physical damage to body tissues caused by a difference in pressure between a gas space inside, or in contact with, the body, and the surrounding gas or fluid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Barotrauma 气压性中耳炎 10004129 barotitis media AE This is an AE which is a rare disorder characterized by recurrent inflammation of the front of the eye (the cornea) and often fever, fatigue, and weight loss, episodes of vertigo (dizziness), tinnitus (ringing in the ears) and hearing loss. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cogan_syndrome 耳蜗前庭综合征 10056667 cogan's syndrome AE This is an AE which occurs when there is a problem transferring sound waves anywhere along the pathway through the outer ear, tympanic membrane (eardrum), or middle ear (ossicles). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Conductive_hearing_loss 传导性耳聋 10010280 conductive deafness AE This is an AE which it develops on the face anterior to the ascending limb of the helix, followed by the inferior portion of the ascending limb itself. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33829886/ 先天性耳瘘 10054215 congenital aural fistula AE This is an AE which is total inability to hear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hearing_loss 双侧耳聋 10052556 deafness bilateral AE This is an AE which is defined as the hearing loss which is present at birth. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22538062/ 先天性耳聋 10011882 deafness congenital AE This is an AE which is a partial inability to hear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hearing_loss 单侧耳聋 10048812 deafness unilateral AE This is an AE which is a disorder of the inner ear that is characterized by episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss, and a fullness in the ear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9ni%C3%A8re%27s_disease 内耳眩晕病 10027183 meniere's disease AE This is an AE which is a congenital deformity where the pinna (external ear) is underdeveloped. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Microtia 小耳症 10027555 microtia AE This is an AE which isolated from the middle ear in AOM are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis,and Staphylococcus aureus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Otitis_media#Acute_otitis_media 急性中耳炎 10033079 otitis media acute AE This is an AE which is predominantly, nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis caused middle ear infection. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15755616/ 细菌性中耳炎 10065176 otitis media bacterial AE This is an AE which is a chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity that is characterised by discharge from the middle ear through a perforated tympanic membrane for at least 6 weeks. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Otitis_media#Chronic_suppurative_otitis_media 慢性中耳炎 10033081 otitis media chronic AE This is an AE which starts when the tympanic membrane perforates. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21602234/ 耳漏 10033101 otorrhoea AE This is an AE which designate a distinct pathologic phenomenon. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13605716/ 耳咽鼓管炎 10033102 otosalpingitis AE This is an AE which is a condition of the middle ear where one or more foci of irregularly laid spongy bone replace part of normally dense enchondral layer of bony otic capsule in the bony labyrinth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Otosclerosis 耳硬化症 10033103 otosclerosis AE This is an AE which can cause a permanent hearing loss in rare cases. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Labyrinthitis?wprov=srpw1_0 病毒性迷路炎 10047466 viral labyrinthitis AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of the inner ear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Labyrinthitis 迷路炎 10023567 labyrinthitis AE This is an AE which a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Otitis_media#myringitis 鼓膜炎 10061302 myringitis AE This is an AE which is a thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear and the process of membrane hyperaemia . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eardrum 鼓膜充血 10052154 tympanic membrane hyperemia AE This is an AE which developed in consistent patterns in the postero-superior quadrant of the pars tensa. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18792316/ 鼓膜瘢痕 10063604 tympanic membrane scarring AE This is an AE which is inflammation of a acoustic nerve or the general inflammation of the peripheral nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuritis 听觉神经炎 10063162 acoustic neuritis AE This is an AE which is an umbrella term for a variety of disorders that affect the way the brain processes auditory information. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Auditory_processing_disorder 听觉障碍 10003778 auditory disorder AE This is an AE which defines by the presence of normal or near-normal otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) but the absence of normal middle ear reflexes and severely abnormal or completely absent auditory brainstem response (ABRs). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Auditory_neuropathy_spectrum_disorder 听觉神经病谱系障碍 10072198 auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder AE This is an AE which is a mastoid collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 乳突脓肿 10061276 mastoid abscess AE This is an AE which refers the mastoiditis that is the result of an infection that extends to the air cells of the skull behind the ear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mastoiditis 乳突障碍 10061277 mastoid disorder AE This is an AE which increases the risks for bacterial otitis and mastoiditis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33115615/ 乳突积液 10069008 mastoid effusion AE This is an AE which is the result of an infection that extends to the air cells of the skull behind the ear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mastoiditis 乳突炎 10026900 mastoiditis AE This is an AE which is a form of hallucination that involves perceiving sounds without auditory stimulus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucination 听觉幻觉 10019070 hallucination, auditory AE This is an AE which is a partial or total inability to hear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hearing_loss 听力残疾 10053194 hearing disability AE This is an AE which is a hearing impairment characterized by difficulty in processing details of sound due to distortion in frequency or intensity rather than primarily a loss of the ability to perceive sound. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysacusis 听力减退 10049712 dysacusis AE This is an AE which may be present at birth or acquired at any time afterwards. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hearing_loss 听力受损 10019245 hearing impaired AE This is an AE which is an abnormal opening in the inner ear. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Labyrinthine_fistula 迷宫状瘘 10023563 labyrinthine fistula AE This is an AE which is a type of hearing disorder that is the perception of a single auditory stimulus as sounds of a different pitch in the two ears. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diplacusis 复听 10013032 diplacusis AE This is an AE which is the obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct and may be acquired. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nasolacrimal_duct_obstruction 泪管狭窄 10053990 dacryostenosis acquired AE This is an AE which are due to either an acidic or alkali substance getting in the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chemical_eye_injury 眼部化学灼伤 10008422 chemical burns of eye AE This is an AE which can be visually devastating caused by herpes zoster. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26084658/ 带状疱疹坏死性视网膜病变 10074253 herpes zoster necrotising retinopathy AE This is an AE which forms the outer blood⁻retina barrier and facilitates the transepithelial transport of glucose into the outer retina via GLUT1. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30754662/ 视网膜色素沉着 10038894 retinal pigmentation AE This is an AE which in contact lens wearers appears to be more common in patients wearing extended wear soft contact lenses. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8719670/ 角膜浸润 10011022 corneal infiltrates AE This is an AE which is a benign inflammatory condition usually confined to the orbit. This may involve single or multiple intraorbital structures. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21546008/ 眼眶假瘤 10069692 orbital pseudotumor AE This is an AE which is a bodily function; it is a semi-autonomic rapid closing of the eyelid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blinking 过度眨眼 10065166 excessive eye blinking AE This is an AE which is a change of the human eyelid skin which affects its color, appearance, or texture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rash 眼睑皮疹 10074620 eyelid rash AE This is an AE which is a common side effect of various medical conditions which manifests as a reduced sense of touch or sensation, or a partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoesthesia 触觉减退的眼睛 10020939 hypoesthesia eye AE This is an AE which is a disorder of sight in which the brain fails to process inputs from one eye and over time favors the other eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amblyopia 弱视，斜视 10001912 amblyopia strabismic AE This is an AE which is a tissue that lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the sclera (the white of the eye) and its become discouration process. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Conjunctiva 结膜变色 10010712 conjunctival discoloration AE This is an AE which is a type of rentinal detachment disease caused by macular. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eye_disease#H35_Other_retinal_disorders 黄斑视网膜色素上皮脱落 10071004 detachment of macular retinal pigment epithelium AE This is an AE which is a viral syndrome characterized by a panuveitis with necrotizing retinitis that may be complicated by retinal detachment, vaso-occlusion, optic neuropathy, and other causes of decreased visual acuity. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26035758/ 坏死性视网膜炎 10064997 necrotising retinitis AE This is an AE which is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the orbit and periorbital tissues, characterized by upper eyelid retraction, lid lag, swelling, redness (erythema), conjunctivitis, and bulging eyes (exophthalmos). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Graves%27_ophthalmopathy 内分泌眼病 10060742 endocrine ophthalmopathy AE This is an AE which is an uncommon neurological condition in which the affected individuals see white or black dots or transparent dots in part or the whole of their visual fields. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Visual_snow 视觉雪症候群 10079450 visual snow syndrome AE This is an AE which is organs of the visual system and its functions get disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eye 眼睛疾病 10015916 eye disorder AE This is an AE which is the ability to interpret the surrounding environment through color vision, scotopic vision, and mesopic vision, using light in the visible spectrum reflected by the objects in the environment and its gets alter. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Visual_perception 视深度知觉改变 10053549 altered visual depth perception AE This is an AE which is the dilation of the pupil, usually having a non-physiological cause, or sometimes a physiological pupillary response. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mydriasis 瞳孔固定 10037515 pupil fixed AE This is an AE which is the invasion of an eye tissues by toxoplasmal, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 眼部感染弓形虫 10015939 eye infection toxoplasmal AE This is an AE which is a clinical syndrome characterized by attacks of acute optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33093467/ 视神经脊髓炎 10029322 neuromyelitis optica AE This is an Ae which is an etiologically heterogeneous syndrome predominantly characterized by acute inflammation of the optic nerve (optic neuritis, ON) and the spinal cord (myelitis). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuromyelitis_optica_spectrum_disorder 视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍 10077875 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder AE This is an AE which is the point of exit for ganglion cell axons leaving the eye and its function gets disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Optic_disc 视神经盘障碍 10061321 optic disc disorder AE This is an AE which is globules of mucoproteins and mucopolysaccharides that progressively calcify in the optic disc and they are thought to be the remnants of the axonal transport system of degenerated retinal ganglion cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Optic_disc_drusen 视盘玻璃膜疣 10030617 optic disc drusen AE This is an AE which is strongly associated with the development and progression of glaucoma. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31023711/ 视神经盘出血 10030919 optic disc hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is the increase of blood flow to different tissues in the optic disc. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperaemia 视神经盘充血 10071196 optic disc hyperemia AE This is an AE which blurring of an image due to incorrect focus occurs on optic discs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blurred 视神经盘模糊 10030923 optic discs blurred AE This is an AE which refers a form of glioma which affects the optic nerve, is often one of the central nervous system manifestations of neurofibromatosis . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Optic_nerve_glioma 视神经胶质瘤 10030935 optic nerve glioma AE This is an AE which is a medical condition arising from the underdevelopment of the optic nerve(s). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Optic_nerve_hypoplasia 视神经发育不全 10062942 optic nerve hypoplasia AE This is an AE which is optic nerve death (necrosis) due to inadequate blood supply to the affected area. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infarction 视神经梗塞 10030936 optic nerve infarction AE This is an AE which maybe causes permanent and potentially severe loss of vision, as well as an abnormal pupillary reflex. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Optic_nerve 视神经损伤 10030938 optic nerve injury AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood optic nerve sheath vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 视神经鞘出血 10030941 optic nerve sheath hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of a papilla. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Papillitis 视神经乳头炎 10033708 papillitis AE This is an AE which is a rare congenital malformation syndrome that features a combination of the underdevelopment of the optic nerve, pituitary gland dysfunction, and absence of the septum pellucidum (a midline part of the brain). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Septo-optic_dysplasia 视神经发育不良 10067159 septo-optic dysplasia AE This is an AE which is the total or partial loss of vision in a normal-appearing eye caused by damage to the brain's occipital cortex and can be acquired or congenital, and may also be transient in certain instances. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cortical_blindness 皮质性盲 10005177 blindness cortical AE This is an AE which is an acute episode of ischemic origin in which one eye has profound visual loss, followed by full recovery within one hour. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29776764/ 一过性单眼盲 10005184 blindness transient AE This is an AE which is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means occurd on unilateral eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Visual_impairment 单侧失明 10005186 blindness unilateral AE This is an AE which is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Color_blindness 色盲 10010050 color blindness AE This is an AE which causes by diseases, drugs , and chemicals or organic solventsmay cause color blindness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Color_blindness 获得性色盲 10010051 color blindness acquired AE This is an AE which is a loss of vision or blindness (anopsia) in half the visual field, usually on one side of the vertical midline. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemianopsia 偏盲 10019452 hemianopia AE This is an AE which is the loss of half of the visual field on different sides in both eyes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemianopsia 异侧偏盲 10019455 hemianopia heteronymous AE This is an AE which is hemianopic visual field loss on the same side of both eyes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Homonymous_hemianopsia 同侧偏盲 10019456 hemianopia homonymous AE This is an AE which refers to an anopia affecting a quarter of the field of vision and associated with a lesion of an optic radiation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Quadrantanopia 象限盲 10077820 quadrantanopia AE This is an AE which is an impairment in recognition of visually presented objects and it is not due to a deficit in vision (acuity, visual field, and scanning), language, memory, or intellect. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Visual_agnosia 视觉失认症 10077168 visual agnosia AE This is an AE which is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Visual_impairment 视力障碍 10047471 visual impairment AE This is an AE which is a form of visual impairment that is caused by a brain problem rather than an eye problem. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cortical_visual_impairment 大脑皮层视觉缺陷 10076660 cortical visual impairment AE This is an AE which is hallucinations accompanied by delusions. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Visual_hallucinations_in_psychosis 视觉幻觉 10019075 hallucination, visual AE This is an AE which deficiencies in earliest stages of Parkinson disease (PD), plausibly associated with alpha-synuclein deposits in the inner retinal layers. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31992401/ 视觉对比度敏感度的丧失 10064133 loss of visual contrast sensitivity AE This is an AE which is a sudden loss of the ability to see. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_visual_loss 突然失明 10042441 sudden visual loss AE This is an AE which refers to a group of diseases and conditions occurring in childhood or early adolescence of below 16 years old, which, if left untreated, result in blindness or severe visual impairment that are likely to be permanent blindness later in life. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congenital_Blindness_Gene_Therapy 先天性失明 10005176 blindness congenital AE This is an AE which is a type of glaucoma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/List_of_ICD-9_codes_320%E2%80%93389:_diseases_of_the_nervous_system_and_sense_organs 边缘型青光眼 10006027 borderline glaucoma AE This is an AE which is due to either an acidic or alkali substance getting in the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chemical_eye_injury 化学性眼睛受伤 10055116 chemical eye injury AE This is an AE which may be affected by congenital malformation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12713104/ 先天性眼部疾病 10059159 congenital eye disorder AE This is an AE which is a condition of involuntary (or voluntary, in some cases) eye movement and it is congenital. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nystagmus 先天性眼球震颤 10010562 congenital nystagmus AE This is an AE which refers the relative darkening of lower eyelid skin and can impart a fatigued and less youthful appearance to the face. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25440739/ 黑眼圈 10064729 dark circles under eyes AE This is an AE which is a group of eye diseases which result in damage to the optic nerve (or retina) and cause vision loss. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glaucoma#Developmental_glaucoma 发育性青光眼 10012565 developmental glaucoma AE This is an AE which is one of the main organs affected by this disease, being diabetic retinopathy the most well-known microvascular complication and the leading. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25817504/ 糖尿病眼病 10012661 diabetic eye disease AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the skin, typically characterized by itchiness, redness and a rash. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatitis 湿疹眼睑 10014194 eczema eyelids AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the interior cavity of the eye, usually caused by infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Endophthalmitis 眼内炎 10014801 endophthalmitis AE This is an AE which is the posterior displacement of the eyeball within the orbit due to changes in the volume of the orbit (bone) relative to its contents (the eyeball and orbital fat), or loss of function of the orbitalis muscle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Enophthalmos 眼球内陷 10014853 enophthalmos AE This is an AE which is the seven extrinsic muscles of the human eye and its function gets disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Extraocular_muscles 眼外肌疾病 10053635 extraocular muscle disorder AE This is an AE which refers to weakness (-paresis) or paralysis (-plegia) of one or more extraocular muscles which are responsible for eye movements. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ophthalmoparesis 眼外肌轻度瘫痪 10015829 extraocular muscle paresis AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 眼睛脓肿 10015905 eye abscess AE This is an AE which is a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system of the eyes to typically harmless substances in the environment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Allergy 眼睛过敏 10015907 eye allergy AE This is an AE which during early childhood, puberty, pregnancy, and sometimes after serious trauma (like heterochromia) do represent cause for a plausible argument stating that some eyes can or do change, based on chemical reactions and hormonal changes within the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eye_color 眼睛颜色变化 10072289 eye color change AE This is an AE which is a type of hematoma of eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bruise 眼部挫伤 10073354 eye contusion AE This is an AE which is a eye localized bleeding outside of blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 眼睛血肿 10079891 eye hematoma AE This is an AE which can cause a nonexudative but persistent conjunctivitis without much redness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Conjunctivitis#Bacterial 眼部细菌感染 10015930 eye infection bacterial AE This is an AE which may cause responsible for nonacute bacterial conjunctivitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Conjunctivitis#Bacterial 眼部葡萄球菌感染 10015937 eye infection staphylococcal AE This is an AE which occurs when an organism's eye is invaded by pathogenic viruses,[not verified in body] and infectious virus particles (virions) attach to and enter susceptible cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Viral_disease 眼部病毒感染 10015940 eye infection viral AE This is an AE which refers to physical or chemical injuries of the eye can be a serious threat to vision if not treated appropriately and in a timely fashion. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eye_injury 眼睛受伤 10061128 eye injury AE This is an AE which is a bulging of the eye anteriorly out of the orbit. Exophthalmos can be either bilateral (as is often seen in Graves' disease) or unilateral (as is often seen in an orbital tumor). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exophthalmos 眼球脱臼 10015948 eye luxation AE This is an AE which includes the voluntary or involuntary movement of the eyes, helping in acquiring, fixating and tracking visual stimuli. A special type of eye movement, rapid eye movement, occurs during REM sleep. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eye_movement#Disorders 眼球运动障碍 10061129 eye movement disorder AE This is an AE which is a nonspecific medical term for a visible, circumscribed, chronic lesion of the eye skin or mucosa. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nevus 眼睛痣 10051045 eye naevus AE This is an AE which means loss of normal transparency of cornea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Corneal_opacity 眼睛混浊 10078394 eye opacity AE This is an AE which is an abnormal sensation of the eye skin (tingling, pricking, chilling, burning, numbness) with no apparent physical cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paresthesia 眼睛感觉异常 10076569 eye paraesthesia AE This is an AE which injury that occurs when an object pierces the skin and enters a tissue of the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Penetration 穿透眼睛 10015960 eye penetration AE This is an AE which is a gesture in which a person briefly turns their eyes upward, often in an arcing motion from one side to the other. In the Anglosphere, it has been identified as a passive-aggressive response to an undesirable situation or person, or exasperation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eye-rolling 翻白眼 10015964 eye rolling AE This is an AE which is the observed or detectable signs, and experienced symptoms of an eye illness, injury, or condition. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Signs_and_symptoms 眼部疾病 10075536 eye symptom AE This is an AE which is a discontinuity or break in a bodily membrane that impedes normal function of the affected eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ulcer 眼溃疡 10073423 eye ulcer AE This is an AE which is an injury in which a eyeball structure is torn off by either trauma or surgery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Avulsion_injury 眼球撕脱 10015971 eyeball avulsion AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged eyelid blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 眼睑出血 10053196 eyelid bleeding AE This is an AE which is a type of hematoma of eyelid tissue,the most common cause being capillaries damaged by trauma, causing localized bleeding that extravasates into the surrounding interstitial tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bruise 眼睑挫伤 10075018 eyelid contusion AE This is an AE which an eye disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exfoliation 眼睑剥落 10064580 eyelid exfoliation AE This is an AE which is a localized bleeding outside of eyelid blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 眼睑血肿 10064976 eyelid hematoma AE This is an AE which is a thin fold of skin that covers and protects an eye and the skin is susceptible to infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eyelid 眼睑感染 10015988 eyelid infection AE This is an AE which is a thin fold of skin that covers and protects an eye and its is injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eyelid 眼睑受伤 10069200 eyelid injury AE This is an AE which is a state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or eyelid cell-lining damage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irritation 眼睑刺激 10057385 eyelid irritation AE This is an AE which is a brief, involuntary, irregular (lacking rhythm) twitching (different from clonus, which is rhythmic/ regular) of a muscle or a group of muscles and its occurs on eyelid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myoclonus 眼睑肌阵挛 10076060 eyelid myoclonus AE This is an AE which is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli and its occurs on eyelid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 眼睑疼痛 10059208 eyelid pain AE This is an AE which presents within the first year of life either in isolation or as a part of many different ocular or systemic disorders. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24657037/ 先天性眼睑下垂 10015996 eyelid ptosis congenital AE This is an AE which is usually secondary to thyroid disorders, trauma, proptosis, seventh nerve palsy, or neurological abnormalities affecting the third nerve. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2393644/ 眼睑收缩 10015997 eyelid retraction AE This is an AE which is a sensation that causes the desire or reflex to scratch on the eyelids. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Itch 眼睑瘙痒 10051627 eyelids pruritus AE This is an AE which is a cosmetic problem that results in an older and unnatural appearance. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29632789/ 眼睛凹陷 10016013 eyes sunken AE This is an AE which is a non-invasive retinal imaging modality used in clinical practice to non-invasively map changes at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/photoreceptor complex and alterations of macular pigment distribution. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29098804/ 眼底自身荧光 10078792 fundus autofluorescence AE This is an AE which is a group of eye diseases which result in damage to the optic nerve (or retina) and cause vision loss with traumatic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glaucoma 创伤性青光眼 10018330 glaucoma traumatic AE This is an AE which is the coordinated control of eye movement with hand movement and the processing of visual input to guide reaching and grasping along with the use of proprioception of the hands to guide the eyes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eye%E2%80%93hand_coordination 手眼协调能力受损 10072649 hand-eye coordination impaired AE This is an AE which is a form of ophthalmic caused by recurrent herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in the cornea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Herpes_simplex_keratitis 眼部单纯疱疹 10019958 herpes simplex ophthalmic AE This is an AE which occurs due to reactivation of the varicella zoster virus in the ophthalmic branch of the fifth cranial nerve. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27644149/ 眼部带状疱疹 10019983 herpes zoster ophthalmic AE This is an AE which is an eye condition in which the directions that the eyes are pointing at rest position, when not performing binocular fusion, are not the same as each other, or, "not straight". QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Heterophoria 隐斜视 10020015 heterophoria AE This is an AE which is a medical condition involving inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber of the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypopyon 眼前房积脓 10021086 hypopyon AE This is an AE which is an infrequent, yet potentially vision-threatening, entity. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31029581/ 眼压减低 10021124 hypotony of eye AE This is an AE which is the inability to close the eyelids completely. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lagophthalmos 兔眼症 10023683 lagophthalmos AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged lacrimal blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 泪腺出血 10069930 lacrimal hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a developmental disorder of the eye in which one (unilateral microphthalmia) or both (bilateral microphthalmia) eyes are abnormally small and have anatomic malformations. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Microphthalmia 小眼 10027548 microphthalmos AE This is an AE which is a condition of involuntary (or voluntary, in some cases) eye movement. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nystagmus 眼球震颤 10029864 nystagmus AE This is an AE which may be objectively quantifiable, independent of subjective expressions. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30267090/ 眼部不适 10052143 ocular discomfort AE This is an AE which is a form of dysmetria that involves the constant under- or over-shooting of the eyes when attempting to focus gaze on something. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ocular_dysmetria 眼部屈光不正 10063534 ocular dysmetria AE This is an AE which is the presence of elevated fluid pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure), usually with no optic nerve damage or visual field loss. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ocular_hypertension 眼高血压 10030043 ocular hypertension AE This is an AE which is a disorder of ocular function that occurs subsequent to the stenosis of the carotid artery. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32809550/ 眼部缺血性综合症 10069385 ocular ischemic syndrome AE This is an AE which is a form of myasthenia gravis in which weakness is restricted to the ocular muscles and may produce significant visual disability. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29655447/ 眼部肌无力 10049168 ocular myasthenia AE This is an AE which can affect all parts of the eye, and can be a benign tumor or a malignant tumor (cancer). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eye_neoplasm 眼部肿瘤 10052448 ocular neoplasm AE This is an AE which is a potentially blinding consequence of craniofacial trauma, but timely ophthalmic evaluation is difficult to obtain in some settings and clear standards for canthotomy/cantholysis are lacking. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32546417/ 眼眼球后的出血 10057571 ocular retrobulbar hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a manifestation of rosacea that affects the eyes and eyelids. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ocular_rosacea 眼部酒渣鼻 10072139 ocular rosacea AE This is an AE which constitute the most common cause of visual disability. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24769221/ 眼部血管疾病 10052896 ocular vascular disorder AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of blood vessels that leads to loss of perfusion and ischemia with necrosis and when this occurs in the orbit, the consequences are typically very conspicuous and can be devastating with decreased quality of life and loss of vision. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23888364/ 眼部血管炎 10066926 ocular vasculitis AE This is an AE which is a loss of motor function in one or more muscles of oculofacial. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paralysis 眼面麻痹 10030069 oculofacial paralysis AE This is an AE which is characterized by keratoconjunctivitis sicca and by scarring, fibrosis, metaplasia, and shrinkage of the conjunctiva. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oculomucocutaneous_syndrome 眼-粘膜-皮肤综合征 10030081 oculomucocutaneous syndrome AE This is an AE which is a usually transient condition characterized by bilateral conjunctivitis, facial edema, and upper respiratory symptoms following influenza immunization. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oculo-respiratory_syndrome 眼呼吸综合征 10067317 oculo-respiratory syndrome AE This is an AE which is a form of conjunctivitis (inflammation of the outer eye) which affects newborn babies following birth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_conjunctivitis 新生儿眼炎 10030861 ophthalmia neonatorum AE This is an AE which is the formation of a blood clot inside a ophthalmic artery blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thrombosis 眼动脉血栓形成 10081144 ophthalmic artery thrombosis AE This is an AE which is a viral ophthalmic infection caused by the herpes simplex virus . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Herpes_simplex 眼部单纯疱疹 10073938 ophthalmic herpes simplex AE This is an AE which is shingles involving the eye or the surrounding area. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Herpes_zoster_ophthalmicus 眼部带状疱疹 10030865 ophthalmic herpes zoster AE This is an AE which is a rare neurological disorder of unknown cause which appears to be the result of an autoimmune process involving the nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Opsoclonus_myoclonus_syndrome 斜视眼阵挛肌阵挛 10053854 opsoclonus myoclonus AE This is an AE which is a collection of cranial nerve deficits associated with a mass lesion near the apex of the orbit of the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Orbital_apex_syndrome 眶尖综合征 10066383 orbital apex syndrome AE This is an AE which is the invasion of orbital tissue by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 眼眶感染 10064915 orbital infection AE This is an AE which typically occurs in an idiopathic acute form, with painful diplopia due to inflammation in 1 or more extraocular muscles of young adult females, which usually responds to a course of oral corticosteroids. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31261163/ 眼眶肌炎 10031050 orbital myositis AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the orbital tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 眼眶水肿 10031051 orbital edema AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of all coats of the animal eye including intraocular structures. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Panophthalmitis 全眼球炎 10033683 panophthalmitis AE This is an AE which is the inability to close the eyelids completely with paralytic feel. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lagophthalmos 麻痹性兔眼 10033842 paralytic lagophthalmos AE This is an AE which is the appearance of swelling in the tissues around the eyes, called the orbits. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Periorbital_puffiness 眼睑肿胀 10042690 swelling of eyelid AE This is an AE which is a group of eye diseases which result in damage to the optic nerve (or retina[5]) and cause vision loss. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glaucoma 闭角型青光眼 10002500 angle closure glaucoma AE This is an AE which is an eye condition that manifests through non-specific symptoms such as fatigue, pain in or around the eyes, blurred vision, headache, and occasional double vision. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eye_strain 眼疲劳 10003552 asthenopia AE This is an AE which is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of eye globe. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrophy 眼球萎缩 10065684 atrophy of globe AE This is an AE which is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid and it frequently results in and is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Graves%27_disease 突眼性甲状腺肿 10004161 basedow's disease AE This is an AE which is a common finding especially in pediatric strabismus. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27388203/ 过度的眼部融合 10053693 excessive ocular convergence AE This is an AE which is a bulging of the eye anteriorly out of the orbit. Exophthalmos can be either bilateral (as is often seen in Graves' disease) or unilateral (as is often seen in an orbital tumor). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exophthalmos 眼球突出 10015683 exophthalmos AE This is an AE which is a condition of the eye where distant objects are seen clearly but near objects appear blurred. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Far-sightedness 远视 10020675 hypermetropia AE This is an AE which is a type of distorted vision in which a grid of straight lines appears wavy and parts of the grid may appear blank. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Metamorphopsia 视物变形症 10063341 metamorphopsia AE This is an AE which is an eye disorder where light focuses in front of, instead of on, the retina. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myopia 近视 10028651 myopia AE This is an AE which is a group of uncommon posterior segment complications of herpetic viral aetiology caused by members of Herpesviridae. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26084658/ 坏死性疱疹的视网膜病变 10065119 necrotising herpetic retinopathy AE This is an AE which is an outward bulging, likened to a bubble or balloon, caused by a localized, abnormal, weak retinal spot on a blood vessel wall. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aneurysm 视网膜动脉瘤 10064145 retinal aneurysm AE This is an AE which is the lodging of an embolus, a blockage-causing piece of material, inside a retinal artery blood vessel. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Embolism 视网膜动脉栓塞 10038826 retinal artery embolism AE This is an AE which is the constellation of ocular signs and symptoms secondary to severe, chronic arterial hypoperfusion to the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ocular_ischemic_syndrome 视网膜动脉阻塞 10038827 retinal artery occlusion AE This is an AE which is a sudden involuntary contraction of retinal artery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spasm 视网膜动脉痉挛 10038829 retinal artery spasm AE This is an AE which is the formation of a blood clot inside a retinal artery vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thrombosis 视网膜动脉血栓形成 10038831 retinal artery thrombosis AE This is an AE which may refer to retinopathy that one of several eye diseases or eye disorders in humans. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Retinal_degeneration 视网膜变性 10038845 retinal degeneration AE This is an AE which is the lightening of the skin or loss of pigment on the oculocutaneous. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Depigmentation 视网膜色素脱失 10038846 retinal depigmentation AE This is an AE which is the innermost, light-sensitive layer of tissue of the eye of most vertebrates and some molluscs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Retina#Diseases_and_disorders 视网膜病变 10038853 retinal disorder AE This is an AE which from the German word for node or geode (singular, "Druse"), are tiny yellow or white accumulations of extracellular material that build up between Bruch's membrane and the retinal pigment epithelium of the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Drusen 视网膜玻璃疣 10062776 retinal drusen AE This is an AE which is the degeneration of rentinal tissue, due to disease or malnutrition, most likely due to heredity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dystrophy 视网膜营养不良 10038857 retinal dystrophy AE This is an AE which is a fluid emitted by an rentinal through pores or a wound. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exudate 视网膜渗出液 10038862 retinal exudates AE This is an AE which an infarction can occur to the central retinal artery which supplies the retina causing sudden visual loss. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infarction 视网膜梗塞 10051742 retinal infarction AE This is an AE which Physical or chemical injuries of the rentinal can be a serious threat to vision. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eye_injury 视网膜损伤 10057430 retinal injury AE This is an AE which is a major cause of vision loss and impairment and a common underlying mechanism associated with diseases such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and central retinal artery occlusion. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30654160/ 视网膜缺血 10038871 retinal ischaemia AE This is an AE which is a retinal disease often accompanied by migraine headache and typically affects only one eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Retinal_migraine 视网膜性偏头痛 10052784 retinal migraine AE This is an AE which occurs when fluid and protein deposits collect on or under the macula of the eye (a yellow central area of the retina) and causes it to thicken and swell (edema). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Macular_edema 视网膜水肿 10038886 retinal edema AE This is an AE which is a pale color of the skin that can be caused by illness, emotional shock or stress, stimulant use, or anemia, and is the result of a reduced amount of oxyhaemoglobin and may also be visible as pallor of the conjunctivae of the eyes on physical examination. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pallor 视网膜发白 10038891 retinal pallor AE This is an AE which is a relatively novel concept describing a phenotype characterized by attenuation of the choriocapillaris overlying dilated choroidal veins, and associated with progressive retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction and neovascularization. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29995841/ 视网膜色素上皮病 10038893 retinal pigment epitheliopathy AE This is an AE which is confined to inner retinal layers . QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32779075/ 视网膜增厚 10077890 retinal thickening AE This is an AE which is the constellation of ocular signs and symptoms secondary to severe, chronic arterial hypoperfusion to the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ocular_ischemic_syndrome 视网膜血管阻塞 10038903 retinal vascular occlusion AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the vascular branches of the retinal artery, caused either by primary ocular disease processes, or as a specific presentation of any systemic form of vasculitis such as Behçet's disease, sarcoidosis, multiple sclerosis, or any form of systemic necrotizing vasculitis such as temporal arteritis, polyarteritis nodosa, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis, or due to lupus erythematosus, or rheumatoid arthritis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Retinal_vasculitis 视网膜血管炎 10038905 retinal vasculitis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the retina in the eye, which can permanently damage the retina and lead to blindness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Retinitis 视网膜炎 10038910 retinitis AE This is an AE which is a genetic disorder of the eyes that causes loss of vision and symptoms include trouble seeing at night and decreased peripheral vision (side vision). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Retinitis_pigmentosa 视网膜色素变性 10038914 retinitis pigmentosa AE This is an AE which is a rare disease that implies involvement of Herpesviridae, a family of double-stranded DNA viruses characterised by latency within the host's cells after primary infection. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30859706/ 病毒性视网膜炎 10038915 retinitis viral AE This is an AE which is an eye disease characterized by the abnormal splitting of the retina's neurosensory layers, usually in the outer plexiform layer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Retinoschisis 视网膜劈裂 10061492 retinoschisis AE This is an AE which typically presents with the perception of light flashes, floaters, or a "dark curtain." QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24565273/ 孔源性视网膜脱离 10065569 rhegmatogenous retinal detachment AE This is an AE which with hypertensive choroidopathy presented with choroidal thickening that decreased after resolution, but the residual flow defects observed in the choriocapillaris on OCTA confirmed the long-hypothesized notion that ischemia is a mechanism underlying hypertensive choroidopathy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31089238/ 浆液性视网膜脱离 10040114 serous retinal detachment AE This is an AE which is a result of a wound healing response that follows choroidal neovascularization in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25773985/ 视网膜下纤维化 10062958 subretinal fibrosis AE This is an AE which observed in association with choroidal neovascularization and to distinguish SHE from other forms of subretinal hyperreflective material (SHM) seen in patients with age-related macular degeneration and other macular disorders. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24695062/ 视网膜下高反射性渗出 10082240 subretinal hyperreflective exudation AE This is an AE which an anomalous posterior vitreous detachment (APVD) with persistant symptomatic vitreoretinal adhesion is seen. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23842874/ 玻璃体视网膜牵引综合征 10071181 vitreoretinal traction syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare retinal condition that features the sudden onset of bilateral central scotomata, which may be preceded by a viral prodrome in some patients. QY, JX, HY https://sci-hub.se/10.1001/archophthalmol.2011.22 急性黄斑外视网膜病变 10079367 acute macular outer retinopathy AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory retinopathy in the category of white dot syndromes typified by acute loss of one or more zones of outer retinal function associated with photopsia, minimal funduscopic changes and abnormal electroretinography findings. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_zonal_occult_outer_retinopathy 急性带状隐匿性外视网膜病变 10074444 acute zonal occult outer retinopathy AE This is an AE which is a rare disease in which the patient's immune system attacks proteins in the retina, leading to loss of eyesight. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_retinopathy 自身免疫性视网膜病变 10071578 autoimmune retinopathy AE This is an AE which can be partially compensated by increased use of peripheral vision. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32965480/ 中心视力丧失 10081186 central vision loss AE This is an AE which is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of the chorioretinal body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrophy 视网膜脉络膜萎缩 10008762 chorioretinal atrophy AE This is an AE which is the vascular layer of the eye, containing connective tissues, and lying between the retina and the sclera that is gets disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Choroid 视网膜脉络膜疾病 10061763 chorioretinal disorder AE This is an AE which is an area of fibrous tissue that replaces normal chorioretinal skin after an injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Scar 视网膜脉络膜疤痕 10008766 chorioretinal scar AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the choroid (thin pigmented vascular coat of the eye) and retina of the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chorioretinitis 绒毛膜视网膜炎 10008769 chorioretinitis AE This is an AE which is a posterior segment disease characterized by localized and limited serous detachments of the neurosensory retina often associated with focal detachments of an altered retinal pigment epithelium. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26026923/ 视网膜脉络膜视网膜病 10063118 chorioretinopathy AE This is an AE which is an impairment of the sense of vision. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vision_disorder 色视症 10008795 chromatopsia AE This is an AE which refers to a risk for myopia may be inherited from one's parents. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myopia#Genetics 先天性近视 10069153 congenital myopia AE This is an AE which is a medical term for seeing everything tinted with blue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyanopsia 蓝视症 10051819 cyanopsia AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the choroid (thin pigmented vascular coat of the eye) and retina of the eye caused by cytomegalovirus . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chorioretinitis 巨细胞病毒脉络膜视网膜炎 10048843 cytomegalovirus chorioretinitis AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which damage occurs to the retina due to diabetes mellitus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_retinopathy 糖尿病性视网膜病变 10012689 diabetic retinopathy AE This is an AE which is the simultaneous perception of two images of a single object that may be displaced horizontally or vertically in relation to each other. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diplopia 复视 10013036 diplopia AE This is an AE which is a lack of coordination of movement typified by the undershoot or overshoot of intended position with the hand, arm, leg, or eye. It is a type of ataxia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysmetria 辨距不良 10013936 dysmetria AE This is an AE which is a neuropsychological condition that causes a distortion of perception. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alice_in_Wonderland_syndrome 视物大小不对称症 10067557 dysmetropsia AE This is an AE which is less common but nonetheless a possible reason as to why a patient may fail the 4 PRT. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Four_prism_dioptre_reflex_test#Abnormal_response:_eccentric_fixation 假黄斑注视 10070917 eccentric fixation AE This is an AE which may be a manifestation of a variety of isolated ocular or systemic diseases in children. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30170046/ 渗出性视网膜病变 10015901 exudative retinopathy AE This is an AE which is a visual disturbance in which objects appear with a red hue, is a recognized phenomenon after surgical excision of the natural lens. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17321412/ 红视症 10015290 erythropsia AE This is an AE which is sometimes visible deposits within the eye's vitreous humour ("the vitreous"), which is normally transparent, or between the vitreous and retina. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Floater 飞蝇症 10028623 myodesopsia AE This is an AE which is a visual disturbance in which objects in the visual field appear to oscillate. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oscillopsia 振动幻视 10052087 oscillopsia AE This is an AE which is the phenomenon of seeing light without light entering the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Phosphene 光幻视 10034936 phosphenes AE This is an AE which is a scratch to the surface of the cornea of the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Corneal_abrasion 角膜擦伤 10010984 corneal abrasion AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the corneal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 角膜脓肿 10010985 corneal abscess AE This is an AE which is severe enough to require corneal transplantation is a rare complication of uveitis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31906778/ 角膜失代偿 10052117 corneal decompensation AE This is an AE which is deterioration in the medical sense on the corneal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Degeneration_(medicine) 角膜退化 10010996 corneal degeneration AE This is an AE which is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cornea 角膜沉积物 10011000 corneal deposits AE This is an AE which refers to anything that interferes with the cornea's stromal architecture, contributes to blood vessel migration, increases corneal pigmentation, or predisposes to corneal edema, disrupts the corneas transparency. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15948422/ 角膜疾病 10061453 corneal disorder AE This is an AE which is a group of rare hereditary disorders characterised by bilateral abnormal deposition of substances in the transparent front part of the eye called the cornea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Corneal_dystrophy 角膜营养不良 10011005 corneal dystrophy AE This is an AE which is a single layer of endothelial cells on the inner surface of the cornea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Corneal_endothelium 角膜内皮炎 10062621 corneal endotheliitis AE This is an AE which is made up of epithelial tissue and covers the front of the cornea and acts as a barrier to protect the cornea, resisting the free flow of fluids from the tears, and prevents bacteria from entering the epithelium and corneal stroma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Corneal_epithelium 角膜上皮缺损 10011010 corneal epithelium defect AE This is an AE which is a disorder of the eyes characterized by the failure of the cornea's outermost layer of epithelial cells to attach to the underlying basement membrane (Bowman's layer). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Recurrent_corneal_erosion 角膜糜烂 10011013 corneal erosion AE This is an AE which is an age-related disease in which abnormal fibrillar extracellular material is produced and accumulates in many ocular tissues. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11166342/ 角膜脱落 10064489 corneal exfoliation AE This is an AE which comprises a sequence of complex immune responses that involves the recognition of the foreign histocompatibility antigens of the corneal graft by the host's immune system, leading to the initiation of the immune response cascade. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17574064/ 角膜移植排斥反应 10011017 corneal graft rejection AE This is an AE which is any damage or abnormal change in the corneal tissue of an organism, usually caused by disease or trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lesion 角膜损伤 10011026 corneal lesion AE This is an AE which is the in-growth of new blood vessels from the pericorneal plexus into avascular corneal tissue as a result of oxygen deprivation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Corneal_neovascularization 角膜新血管化 10055665 corneal neovascularisation AE This is an AE which is a common sign of acute or protracted corneal disease of various aetiologies. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23679934/ 角膜水肿 10011033 corneal edema AE This is an AE which is a transparent membrane which allows light to pass through it. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Corneal_opacity 角膜透明度 10011035 corneal opacity AE This is an AE which accumulate in reaction to inflammatory responses and remain permanently in corneal stroma, and conventionally correctable only by donor corneal transplantation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32979396/ 角膜疤痕 10011044 corneal scar AE This is an AE which is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber and its is a process of becoming thin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cornea 角膜变薄 10054760 corneal thinning AE This is an AE which is a type of anterior uveitis and inflammation of iris and the ciliary body with inflammation predominantly confined to ciliary body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Uveitis#Classification 虹膜睫状体炎 10022941 iridocyclitis AE This is an AE which is fibrous bands that form between iris tissues and organs,often as a result of injury during surgery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adhesion_(medicine) 虹膜粘连 10022945 iris adhesions AE This is an AE which is a hole in one of the structures of the eye, such as the iris. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Coloboma 虹膜孔 10052642 iris coloboma AE This is an AE which is part of the eye and its functiuon gets disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Iris 虹膜障碍 10061254 iris disorder AE This is an AE which is characterized specifically as an area of iris skin becoming lighter than the baseline skin color, but not completely devoid of pigment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypopigmentation 虹膜色素减退 10063694 iris hypopigmentation AE This is an AE which is damage to the iris caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 虹膜损伤 10057413 iris injury AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of the uvea, the pigmented layer that lies between the inner retina and the outer fibrous layer composed of the sclera and cornea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Uveitis 虹膜炎 10022955 iritis AE This is an AE which is due to the lens cortex (outer layer) becoming opaque and they occur when changes in the fluid contained in the periphery of the lens causes fissuring. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cataract 皮质性白内障 10007748 cataract cortical AE This is an AE which is the most common type of cataract, and involves the central or 'nuclear' part of the lens. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cataract 核性白内障 10007759 cataract nuclear AE This is an AE which is cloudy at the back of the lens adjacent to the capsule (or bag) in which the lens sits and because light becomes more focused toward the back of the lens, they can cause disproportionate symptoms for their size. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cataract 囊下白内障 10007764 cataract subcapsular AE This is an AE which is a tissue that lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the sclera (the white of the eye) and it has deposit. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Conjunctiva 结膜沉积物 10010708 conjunctival deposit AE This is an AE which refers to a small spherical group of cells containing a cavity on the conjunctival. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Follicle 结膜囊 10010717 conjunctival follicles AE This is an AE which is the increase of blood flow to different tissues in the conjunctial tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperaemia 结膜充血 10051625 conjunctival hyperemia AE This is an AE which is a conjunctival state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell-lining damage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irritation 结膜刺激 10010725 conjunctival irritation AE This is an AE which is the swelling (or edema) of the conjunctiva. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chemosis 结膜水肿 10010726 conjunctival edema AE This is an AE which is a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin in the blood or a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anemia 结膜苍白 10068819 conjunctival pallor AE This is an AE which is an eye finding occurring early in leptospirosis, which is caused by Leptospira interrogans. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Conjunctival_suffusion 结膜弥漫 10084034 conjunctival suffusion AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory or, more seriously, infective condition of the cornea involving disruption of its epithelial layer with involvement of the corneal stroma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Corneal_ulcer 结膜溃疡 10010736 conjunctival ulcer AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the conjunctiva (the membrane covering the white part of the eye) due to allergy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Allergic_conjunctivitis 结膜炎过敏 10010744 conjunctivitis allergic AE This is an AE which causes the rapid onset of conjunctival redness, swelling of the eyelid, and a sticky discharge. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Conjunctivitis#Bacterial_3 细菌性结膜炎 10061784 conjunctivitis bacterial AE This is an AE which is often associated with an infection of the upper respiratory tract, a common cold, or a sore throat. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Conjunctivitis#Viral 病毒性结膜炎 10010755 conjunctivitis viral AE This is an AE which is a common eye surface condition characterized by the presence of excess folds of the conjunctiva located between the globe of the eye and the eyelid margin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Conjunctivochalasis 结膜松弛 10064132 conjunctivochalasis AE This is an AE which is a derivative of the highly contagious conjunctivitis virus, otherwise known as pink eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_hemorrhagic_conjunctivitis 急性出血性结膜炎 10067817 acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis AE This is an AE which is the type of viral conjunctivitis and the most common cause of it. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Conjunctivitis#Viral 腺病毒性结膜炎 10001257 adenoviral conjunctivitis AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory cellular deposit seen on corneal endothelium. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Keratic_precipitate 角膜炎沉淀性 10053703 keratic precipitates AE This is an AE which is a condition with herpetic in which the eye's cornea, the clear dome on the front surface of the eye, becomes inflamed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Keratitis 角膜炎疱疹 10023334 keratitis herpetic AE This is an AE which is corneal scarring due to chronic inflammation of the corneal stroma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Interstitial_keratitis 间质性角膜炎 10023335 keratitis interstitial AE This is an AE which is a condition in which the eye's cornea, the clear dome on the front surface of the eye, becomes inflamed caused by viral. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Keratitis 病毒性角膜炎 10062029 keratitis viral AE This is an AE which is a disorder of the eye that results in progressive thinning of the cornea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Keratoconus 圆锥形角膜 10023353 keratoconus AE This is an AE which is a palmoplantar eruption of air-filled bullae on an erythematous base, which results in lamellar peeling with hallmark superficial collarettes of scale. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26990340/ 角质溶解获得性剥离 10052291 keratolysis exfoliativa acquired AE This is an AE which refers a disease of the human eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Keratopathy 角膜病 10023365 keratopathy AE This is an AE which refers early manifestation of herpes zoster ophthalmicus . QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32309125/ 角膜葡萄膜炎 10078693 keratouveitis AE This is an AE which is an inflammation and infection of the eyelid and portions of skin around the eye anterior to the orbital septum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Periorbital_cellulitis 眶周蜂窝织炎 10057182 periorbital cellulitis AE This is an AE which is a type of hematoma of periorbital tissue, the most common cause being capillaries damaged by trauma, causing localized bleeding that extravasates into the surrounding interstitial tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bruise 眶周挫伤 10062515 periorbital contusion AE This is an AE which refers specifically to the layer of tissue surrounding the orbit that consists of periosteum feel discomfortable and may refer to anything that is around the orbit. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Periorbita 眶周疾病 10057425 periorbital disorder AE This is an AE which is a localized bleeding outside of periorbital blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 眶周血肿 10034544 periorbital hematoma AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged periorbital blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 眶周出血 10071697 periorbital hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of periorbital tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants,and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 眶周炎症 10080722 periorbital inflammation AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the periorbital tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 眶周水肿 10034545 periorbital edema AE This is an AE which is a periorbital distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 眶周疼痛 10034546 periorbital pain AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of periorbital area not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 眶周肿胀 10056647 periorbital swelling AE This is an AE which is a condition with herpetic caused by viral in which the eye's cornea, the clear dome on the front surface of the eye, becomes inflamed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Keratitis 病毒性角膜炎 10078694 viral keratouveitis AE This is an AE which is paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye, resulting in a loss of accommodation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cycloplegia 睫状肌麻痹 10011719 cycloplegia AE This is an AE which is refraction paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye, resulting in a loss of accommodation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cycloplegia#Cycloplegic_medication 散瞳验光 10011720 cycloplegic refraction AE This is an AE which is a pathology affecting the cornea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Punctate_epithelial_erosions 点状角膜炎 10037508 punctate keratitis AE This is an AE which is a rare, benign yet relapsing pustular dermatosis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27349653/ 角膜下脓疱性皮肤病 10042342 subcorneal pustular dermatosis AE This is an AE which is a condition with varicella in which the eye's cornea, the clear dome on the front surface of the eye, becomes inflamed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Keratitis 水痘角膜炎 10077496 varicella keratitis AE This is an AE which can be a serious threat to vision if not treated appropriately and in a timely fashion. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eye_injury 角膜损伤 10022120 injury corneal AE This is an AE which is a condition that results in the loss of eyelashes, and sometimes eyebrows. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Madarosis 睫毛脱落 10051235 madarosis AE This is an AE which is a medical term for abnormally positioned eyelashes that grow back toward the eye, touching the cornea or conjunctiva. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Trichiasis 倒睫 10044604 trichiasis AE This is an AE which is a part of the eye that includes the ciliary muscle, which controls the shape of the lens, and the ciliary epithelium, which produces the aqueous humor and its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ciliary_body 睫状体病症 10057415 ciliary body disorder AE This is an AE which is the increase of blood flow to different tissues in the ciliary. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperaemia 纤毛性高血症 10052129 ciliary hyperemia AE This is an AE which is a sudden involuntary contraction of ciliary muscle muscle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spasm 睫状肌痉挛 10009185 ciliary muscle spasm AE This is an AE which is one of the hairs that grows at the edge of the eyelids. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eyelash 睫毛生长 10048462 growth of eyelashes AE This is an AE which is a rare, ciliopathic, autosomal recessive genetic disorder that causes defects in the action of cilia lining the respiratory tract (lower and upper, sinuses, Eustachian tube, middle ear), fallopian tube, and flagellum of sperm cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Primary_ciliary_dyskinesia 不动纤毛综合征 10060882 immotile cilia syndrome AE This is an AE which has also been observed in normal aging eyes. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18418998/ 玻璃体变性 10047649 vitreous degeneration AE This is an AE which is a condition of the eye in which the vitreous membrane separates from the retina. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Posterior_vitreous_detachment 玻璃体脱离 10047650 vitreous detachment AE This is an AE which refers a clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina in vertebrate eyes and its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vitreous 玻璃体疾病 10047651 vitreous disorder AE This is an AE which is sometimes visible deposits within the eye's vitreous humour ("the vitreous"), which is normally transparent, or between the vitreous and retina. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Floater 玻璃体漂浮物 10047654 vitreous floaters AE This is an AE which refers a layer of collagen separating the vitreous body from the rest of the eye and it is haze. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vitreous 玻璃状混浊 10077514 vitreous haze AE This is an AE which can be classified according to their aetiology as: genetic; inflammatory non-infectious; inflammatory infectious; inflammatory iatrogenic; degenerative, traumatic; neoplastic and idiopathic. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18344965/ 玻璃体混浊 10047658 vitreous opacities AE This is an AE which refers carries tears from the lacrimal sac of the eye into the nasal cavity and it is swelling. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nasolacrimal_duct 泪管肿胀 10051209 swollen tear duct AE This is an AE which is a common and reliable finding of brain herniation, ischaemia, and acute brain injury in critically ill patients. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32035804/ 瞳孔畸形 10057426 pupillary deformity AE This is an AE which refers the diagnosis of an afferent or efferent it is crucial in the acquisition of a broad range of diseases of the brain or the peripheral nervous system. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30999363/ 瞳孔紊乱 10037521 pupillary disorder AE This is an AE which is determined using dynamic pupillometry and is impaired. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33551108/ 瞳孔反射受损 10037532 pupillary reflex impaired AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged scleral blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 巩膜出血 10050508 scleral hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the scleral tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 巩膜水肿 10057431 scleral edema AE This is an AE which is a benign, self-limiting inflammatory disease affecting part of the eye called the episclera. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Episcleritis 巩膜外层炎 10015084 episcleritis AE This is an AE which is a serious inflammatory disease that affects the white outer coating of the eye, known as the sclera. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Scleritis 巩膜炎 10039705 scleritis AE This is an AE which consisted of cortical dots of various shapes that increased in number with the age of the carriers in older obligate carriers, subcapsular plaques were common. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3763152/ 晶状体混浊 10024214 lenticular opacities AE This is an AE which is a sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle when nictitating. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spasm 瞬目痉挛；瞬颤 10078741 nictitating spasm AE This is an AE which is a fold or line in the skin below the lower eyelid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dennie%E2%80%93Morgan_fold 眶下皱襞 10062918 dennie-morgan fold AE This is an AE which is typical manifestations of systemic diseases (e. g. Graves' disease) or typical complications of diseases in the vicinity of the orbit (e. g. orbital complications from inflammatory or tumorous sinus diseases). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33307575/ 眶病症 10054717 disorder of orbit AE This is an AE which is the product of a mismatch between the axial length of the eye and its optical power, creating blurred vision. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31525141/ 屈光不正 10038264 refraction disorder AE This is an AE which is vision loss or weakness that occurs without an apparent lesion affecting the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amaurosis 黑内障，黑朦 10001902 amaurosis AE This is an AE which is the aqueous humor-filled space inside the eye between the iris and the cornea's innermost surface, the endothelium. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anterior_chamber_of_eyeball 前房细胞 10053781 anterior chamber cell AE This is an AE which is the aqueous humor-filled space inside the eye between the iris and the cornea's innermost surface and it has inflammation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anterior_chamber_of_eyeball 前房炎症 10054765 anterior chamber inflammation AE This is an AE which is a rare, late complication of cataract surgery, associated with impairment of visual function. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33425382/ 前囊收缩 10054045 anterior capsule contraction AE This is an AE which is a type of refractive error due to rotational asymmetry in the eye's refractive power. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Astigmatism 散光 10003569 astigmatism AE This is an AE which refers difficulty seeing in the presence of very bright light. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glare 眩光 10052128 glare AE This is an AE which is the most common complication after cataract surgery, with an incidence of 30%. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25455552/ 后发性白内障 10036346 posterior capsule opacification AE This is an AE which is a rare benign neuroepithelial intraventricular WHO grade I lesion found in the choroid plexus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Choroid_plexus_papilloma 脉络丛乳头状瘤 10008777 choroid plexus papilloma AE This is an AE which is a prevalent and potentially vision-threatening complication following glaucoma surgery. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25325867/ 脉络膜的积液 10063970 choroidal effusion AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the choroid (thin pigmented vascular coat of the eye) and retina of the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chorioretinitis 脉络膜炎 10008792 choroiditis AE This is an AE which is a closed macular sac, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 黄斑囊肿 10025407 macular cyst AE This is an AE which is formation of the fibrous tissue in place of the normal retinal tissue on the macular area of the retina which provides the sharpest vision in the eyes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Macular_scarring 黄斑脱离 10075873 macular detachment AE This is an AE which is a pathological wound healing in which connective tissue replaces normal parenchymal tissue to the extent that it goes unchecked, leading to considerable tissue remodelling and the formation of permanent scar tissue such as macular fibrosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fibrosis 黄斑纤维化 10071392 macular fibrosis AE This is an AE which is a small break in the macula, located in the center of the eye's light-sensitive tissue called the retina. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Macular_hole 黄斑孔 10051058 macular hole AE This is an AE which occurs when fluid and protein deposits collect on or under the macula of the eye (a yellow central area of the retina) and causes it to thicken and swell (edema). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Macular_edema 黄斑水肿 10025415 macular edema AE This is an AE which is a polygenic phenotypic character determined by two distinct factors: the pigmentation of the eye's iris and the frequency-dependence of the scattering of light by the turbid medium in the stroma of the iris. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eye_color 黄斑色素沉着 10071041 macular pigmentation AE This is an AE which is supposed to be different from that of macular lamellar hole (LMH) and is thought to be caused by centripetal contraction of previously present epiretinal membrane. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20703497/ 黄斑假孔 10060815 macular pseudohole AE This is an AE which is any pathological condition of the macula, an area at the centre of the retina that is associated with highly sensitive, accurate vision. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Maculopathy 黄斑病变 10025425 maculopathy AE This is an AE which is the presence of perceived flashes of light in the field of vision. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Photopsia 闪光幻觉 10034962 photopsia AE This is an AE which is a form of uveitis localized to the vitreous and peripheral retina. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intermediate_uveitis 中度葡萄膜炎 10022557 intermediate uveitis AE QY, JX, HY 视力暂时下降 10047532 visual acuity reduced transiently AE QY, JX, HY 视觉通路紊乱 10061411 visual pathway disorder AE QY, JX, HY 心因性视觉障碍 10076241 psychogenic visual disorder AE QY, JX, HY 设备相关的眼部并发症 10069837 eye complication associated with device AE QY, JX, HY 眼睑侵蚀 10060762 eyelid erosion AE QY, JX, HY 眼睑感觉障碍 10015999 eyelid sensory disorder AE QY, JX, HY 眼睑增厚 10072719 eyelid thickening AE QY, JX, HY 眼神呆滞 10072465 glassy eyes AE QY, JX, HY 眼部疱疹 10062004 herpes ophthalmic AE QY, JX, HY 泪腺紊乱 10061525 lacrimal disorder AE QY, JX, HY 眼周炎 10059407 parophthalmia AE QY, JX, HY 眼睛表面损伤 10042530 superficial injury of eye AE QY, JX, HY 眼睑的乳头状瘤 10057885 blepharal papilloma AE QY, JX, HY 视网膜沉积 10038847 retinal deposits AE QY, JX, HY 视网膜下液 10069356 subretinal fluid AE QY, JX, HY 动脉硬化性视网膜病变 10063452 arteriosclerotic retinopathy AE QY, JX, HY 彩视 10019099 halo vision AE QY, JX, HY 结膜侵蚀 10010716 conjunctival erosion AE QY, JX, HY 结膜瘢痕 10010733 conjunctival scar AE QY, JX, HY 眶周的不适 10082879 periorbital discomfort AE QY, JX, HY 眶畸形 10012141 deformity of orbit AE This is an AE whcih is a condition of the nasal septum in which there is a collection of pus between the mucoperichondrium and septal cartilage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nasal_septal_abscess 鼻脓肿 10028720 nasal abscess AE This is an AE which is a neurological disorder of excessive time spent sleeping or excessive sleepiness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypersomnia 睡眠过度-食欲过盛综合征 10053712 hypersomnia-bulimia syndrome AE This is an AE which is a large, air-filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face and there is a mass. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nasal_cavity 鼻腔肿块 10062771 nasal cavity mass AE This is an AE which is a rare sinonasal tumor that mainly occurs in adults during the 5th decade. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27053431/ 鼻窦乳头状瘤 10071665 sinonasal papilloma AE This is an AE which is a subtype of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) characterized by type I hypersensitivity, nasal polyposis, characteristic computed tomography scan findings, eosinophilic mucus, and the presence of fungus on surgical specimens without evidence of tissue invasion. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22588040/ 过敏性鼻窦炎 10049153 allergic sinusitis AE This is an AE which is caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds that are generally found in low concentrations that humans and animals can perceive by their sense of smell. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Odor 鼻腔气味 10051181 nasal odour AE This is an AE which is contents found in the human nose. It is a result of drying of the normally viscous colloidal mucus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dried_nasal_mucus 鼻腔干燥 10028740 nasal dryness AE This is an AE which is the movement of material from one point to another, such as a secreted chemical substance from a paranasal sinus cell . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Secretion 副鼻窦分泌过多 10057392 paranasal sinus hypersecretion AE This is an AE which might be beneficial in the management of sprue. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13133068/ 无麦饮食 10047919 wheat-free diet AE This is an AE which is disabling, deadly, and costly mental disorders that considerably impair physical health and disrupt psychosocial functioning. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32171414/ 食欲障碍 10060961 appetite disorder AE This is an AE which is a mental disorder defined by abnormal eating behaviors that negatively affect a person's physical or mental health. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eating_disorder 饮食失调症状 10061832 eating disorder symptom AE This is an AE which is a child's refusal to eat certain food groups, textures, solids or liquids for a period of at least one month, which causes the child to not gain enough weight, grow naturally or cause any developmental delays. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Feeding_disorder 进食障碍 10061148 feeding disorder AE This is an AE which in infancy or early childhood, is a child's refusal to eat certain food groups, textures, solids or liquids for a period of at least one month, which causes the child to not gain enough weight, grow naturally or cause any developmental delays.[1] Feeding disorders resemble failure to thrive, except that at times in feeding disorder there is no medical or physiological condition that can explain the very small amount of food the children consume or their lack of growth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Feeding_disorder 进食障碍新生儿 10016316 feeding disorder neonatal AE This is an AE which is an abnormal immune response to food. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Food_allergy 食物过敏 10016946 food allergy AE This is an AE which is acquired as a result of unpleasant experiences with foods represent a potent defense mechanism against poisoning. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10336144/ 食物的厌恶 10049238 food aversion AE This is an AE which is an intense desire to consume a specific food, and is different from normal hunger. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Food_craving 饮食冲动 10056465 food craving AE This is an AE which is a behavior where people or animals accumulate food. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hoarding 食物中毒 10016947 food hoarding AE This is an AE which is defined as alterations of pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of a drug or nutritional element or a compromise in nutritional status as a result of the addition of a drug. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18382075/ 食物囤积 10016948 food interaction AE This is an AE which is a detrimental reaction, often delayed, to a food, beverage, food additive, or compound found in foods that produces symptoms in one or more body organs and systems, but generally refers to reactions other than food allergy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Food_intolerance 食物不耐受 10061958 food intolerance AE This is an AE which is any illness resulting from the spoilage of contaminated food, pathogenic bacteria, viruses, or parasites that contaminate food, as well as prions (the agents of mad cow disease), and toxins such as aflatoxins in peanuts, poisonous mushrooms, and various species of beans that have not been boiled for at least 10 minutes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Foodborne_illness 食物中毒 10016952 food poisoning AE This is an AE which is primarily associated with physical and ethical aspects and with end-of-life. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32271841/ 拒食 10080283 food refusal AE This is an AE which is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used mainly to treat hard-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ketogenic_diet 生酮膳食 10073855 ketogenic diet AE This is an AE which refers an abnormal appetite for earth and other non-foods. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pica 异食癖 10035001 pica AE This is an AE which is a type of eating disorder in which people eat only within an extremely narrow repertoire of foods. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Avoidant/restrictive_food_intake_disorder 选择性进食障碍 10078069 selective eating disorder AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the oral. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 口腔脓肿 10000311 abscess oral AE This is an AE which is a common side effect of various medical conditions which manifests as a reduced sense of oral touch or sensation, or a partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoesthesia 口腔触觉减退 10057371 hypoesthesia oral AE This is an AE which refers an unfavorable evolution of a disease, health condition or medical treatment such as oral administration drug. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Complication 口腔并发症 10062611 oral administration complication AE This is an AE which is a type of food allergy classified by a cluster of allergic reactions in the mouth and throat in response to eating certain (usually fresh) fruits, nuts, and vegetables that typically develops in adults with hay fever. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oral_allergy_syndrome 口腔过敏综合症 10068355 oral allergy syndrome AE This is an AE which is a type of blister that forms when oral subdermal tissues and blood vessels are damaged without piercing the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blood_blister 口腔血疱 10076590 oral blood blister AE This is an AE which is a type of hematoma of tissue, the most common cause being capillaries damaged by trauma, causing oral localized bleeding that extravasates into the surrounding interstitial tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bruise 口腔挫伤 10078170 oral contusion AE This is an AE which is any medical condition that affects the oral integumentary system . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition 口腔脓疱 10056674 oral pustule AE This is an AE which occurs when an organism's body oral is invaded by pathogenic viruses,not verified in body] and infectious virus particles (virions) attach to and enter susceptible cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Viral_disease 口腔病毒感染 10065234 oral viral infection AE This is an AE which is a condition of abnormally high storage levels of vitamins, which can lead to various symptoms as over excitement, irritability, or even toxicity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypervitaminosis 维生素过多症 10020915 hypervitaminosis AE This is an AE which causing extensive neurological, ophthalmological, and hematological deficits. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10586628/ 多种维生素缺乏症 10028155 multi-vitamin deficiency AE This is an AE which is a distortion of the sense of taste. Dysgeusia is also often associated with ageusia, which is the complete lack of taste, and hypogeusia, which is a decrease in taste sensitivity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysgeusia 味觉障碍 10082490 taste disorder AE This is an AE which is a common, morbid, and costly malady, often complicated by otitis media, sinusitis, and asthma. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11892040/ 病毒性鼻炎 10064948 viral rhinitis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the mucous membranes caused by viral that line the sinuses resulting in symptoms that may include thick nasal mucus, a plugged nose, and facial pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sinusitis 病毒性鼻窦炎 10051513 viral sinusitis AE This is an AE which is usually precipitated by an earlier upper respiratory tract infection, generally of viral origin, mostly caused by rhinoviruses (with RVA and RVC giving more severe infection than RVB), coronaviruses, and influenza viruses, others caused by adenoviruses, human parainfluenza viruses, human respiratory syncytial virus, enteroviruses other than rhinoviruses, and metapneumovirus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sinusitis#Acute 急性鼻窦炎 10001076 acute sinusitis AE This is an AE which is a medical practice or technique of burning a part of a body such as nose to remove or close off a part of it. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cauterization 鼻子烧伤 10007829 cautery to nose AE This is an AE which is bleeding from the nose. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nosebleed 鼻出血 10015090 epistaxis AE This is an AE which is a common side effect of various medical conditions which manifests as a reduced sense of intranasal touch or sensation, or a partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoesthesia 鼻内触觉减退 10067068 intranasal hypoesthesia AE This is an AE which is frequently used after septoplasty and some complications caused by nasal packing are unavoidable. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31076882/ 鼻腔填充 10028733 nasal cavity packing AE This is an AE which often manifests as nasal discharge with or without other nasal signs. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24268334/ 鼻部疾病 10062209 nasal disorder AE This is an AE which is determined by the nasal bones and the nasal cartilages, including the nasal septum which separates the nostrils and divides the nasal cavity into two. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Human_nose#Related_medical_conditions 鼻翼张开 10052319 nasal flaring AE This is an AE which is a viral nasal infection caused by the herpes virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Herpes_simplex 鼻翼疱疹 10074936 nasal herpes AE This is an AE which causes a loss of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and atrophy of the olfactory bulb (OB), which recovers when inflammation subsides. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32220858/ 鼻腔炎症 10028741 nasal inflammation AE This is an AE which caused by various traumas including blunt, and penetrating trauma and trauma caused by blast injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rhinoplasty#Nasal_reconstruction 鼻部损伤 10078651 nasal injury AE This is an AE which is a personal hygiene practice in which the nasal cavity is washed to flush out mucus and debris from the nose and sinuses, in order to enhance nasal breathing or can also refer to the use of saline nasal spray or nebulizers to moisten the mucous membranes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nasal_irrigation 鼻腔冲洗 10069202 nasal irrigation AE This is an AE which can be measured objectively with RGB analysis to aid the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32238199/ 鼻黏膜变色 10057537 nasal mucosal discoloration AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of nasal mucosal due to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 鼻黏膜肥大 10057358 nasal mucosal hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is a discontinuity or break in a bodily membrane such as nasal mucosal that impedes normal function of the affected organ. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ulcer 鼻粘膜溃疡 10065546 nasal mucosal ulcer AE This is an AE which is the blockage of nasal breathing usually due to membranes lining the nose becoming swollen from inflamed blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nasal_congestion 鼻塞 10028748 nasal obstruction AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the body's tissue such as nasal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 鼻腔水肿 10028750 nasal edema AE This is an AE which is noncancerous growths within the nose or sinuses. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nasal_polyp 鼻息肉 10028756 nasal polyps AE This is an AE which is a sensation that causes the desire or reflex to scratch occurs on the nasal . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Itch 鼻瘙痒 10076406 nasal pruritus AE This is an AE which is a physical disorder of the nose, involving a displacement of the nasal septum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nasal_septum_deviation 鼻中隔偏曲 10028762 nasal septum deviation AE This is an AE which separates the left and right airways of the nasal cavity and it is disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nasal_septum 鼻中隔疾病 10028763 nasal septum disorder AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of an organ or tissue due such as nasal turbinate to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 鼻甲状肌肥厚 10028779 nasal turbinate hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is a discontinuity or break in a bodily membrane such as nasal that impedes normal function of the affected organ. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ulcer 鼻溃疡 10028780 nasal ulcer AE This is an AE which has multiple causes, including congenital, traumatic, and, unfortunately, iatrogenic. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30017094/ 鼻瓣塌陷 10077240 nasal valve collapse AE This is an AE which is the endoscopic examination of the velopharynx, or the nose, often with a CCD camera or a fiber optic camera on a flexible tube passed through the nostril. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nasoendoscopy 鼻咽纤维镜 10055050 nasoendoscopy AE This is an AE which is a closed sac on the paranasal, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 鼻侧的囊肿 10062321 paranasal cyst AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged paranasal sinus blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 副鼻窦出血 10080108 paranasal sinus hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli such as paranasal sinus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 副鼻窦炎症 10083836 paranasal sinus inflammation AE This is an AE which identified in divers suggests that diving may cause changes in the paranasal sinus mucosa. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21961405/ 鼻窦黏膜肥大 10067998 paranasal sinus mucosal hypertrophy AE This is an AE which can be managed in the emergency department, particularly if the patient offers a history consistent with foreign body and is calm and compliant with the examination and removal attempts. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30454775/ 从鼻子中取出异物 10038332 removal of foreign body from nose AE This is an AE which seem specific pain syndromes with a distinctive location in the nose. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26198298/ 鼻痛 10051496 rhinalgia AE This is an AE which is a type of inflammation in the nose that occurs when the immune system overreacts to allergens in the air. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Allergic_rhinitis 过敏性鼻炎 10039085 rhinitis allergic AE This is an AE which is irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose and is perennial. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rhinitis 常年性鼻炎 10039094 rhinitis perennial AE This is an AE which is irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose and is seasonal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rhinitis 季节性鼻炎 10039095 rhinitis seasonal AE This is an AE which is a chronic granulomatous bacterial disease of the nose that can sometimes infect the upper respiratory tract. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rhinoscleroma 鼻硬化 10039102 rhinoscleroma AE This is an AE which is an upper respiratory or pulmonary infection of cats caused by Felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (FeHV-1), of the family Herpesviridae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Feline_viral_rhinotracheitis 鼻气管炎 10051497 rhinotracheitis AE This is an AE which is the most common viral infectious agent in humans and is the predominant cause of the common cold. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rhinovirus 鼻病毒感染 10061494 rhinovirus infection AE This is an AE which is a long-term skin condition that typically affects the face. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rosacea 酒渣鼻 10039218 rosacea AE This is an AE which is a common presenting symptom to clinicians and affects up to one-third of the population. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29941182/ 鼻窦阻塞 10080545 sinonasal obstruction AE This is an AE which is a reduced ability to smell and to detect odors. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyposmia 嗅觉减退 10050515 hyposmia AE This is an AE which refers to a fear, aversion, or psychological hypersensitivity to odors. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Osmophobia 气味恐怖 10060765 osmophobia AE This is an AE which is a form of severe malnutrition characterized by energy deficiency. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Marasmus 消瘦症 10026820 marasmus AE This is an AE which is often present in gastroparesis, but the importance of these symptoms in gastroparesis has not been well-described. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27781342/ 早饱 10059186 early satiety AE This is an AE which is a noise generated by the disturbance of the air flow passing through the nose. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21132253/ 鼾声 10076712 stertor AE QY, JX, HY 奶牛无奶饮食 10011244 cows milk free diet AE QY, JX, HY 饮食不规律 10072373 diet noncompliance AE QY, JX, HY 鼻结结痂 10076524 nasal crusting AE QY, JX, HY 鼻涕变色 10071553 nasal discharge discoloration AE QY, JX, HY 鼻粘膜水泡 10082185 nasal mucosal blistering AE QY, JX, HY 鼻粘膜疾病 10061305 nasal mucosal disorder AE QY, JX, HY 鼻粘膜侵蚀 10076585 nasal mucosal erosion AE QY, JX, HY 副鼻窦不适 10052438 paranasal sinus discomfort AE QY, JX, HY 副鼻窦分泌不足 10080046 paranasal sinus hyposecretion AE This is an AE which comprises lightening/greying, darkening, or even a complete hair colour change, which may involve the scalp and/or all body hair. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27545142/ 头发颜色变化 10019030 hair color changes AE This is an AE which is disorders primarily associated with the follicles of the hair. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hair_disease 头发疾病 10019037 hair disorder AE This is an AE which can appear as firm, dome-shaped cutaneous or subcutaneous masses with alopecia. QY, JX, HY https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7155888/ 良性毛囊肿瘤 10019043 hair follicle tumor benign AE This is an AE which is damage to the hair caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 头发损伤 10074924 hair injury AE This is an AE which is an uncommon hematological malignancy characterized by an accumulation of abnormal B lymphocytes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hairy_cell_leukemia 毛细胞白血病 10019053 hairy cell leukaemia AE This is an AE which is a condition where a hair curls back or grows sideways into the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ingrown_hair 向内生毛 10052899 ingrown hair AE This is an AE which is a condition of the tongue in which the small bumps on the tongue elongate with black or brown discoloration, giving a black and hairy appearance. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Black_hairy_tongue 黑毛舌 10043941 tongue black hairy(black hairy tongue) AE This is an AE which is a common, autosomal-dominant, genetic condition of the skin's hair follicles characterized by the appearance of possibly itchy, small, gooseflesh-like bumps, with varying degrees of reddening or inflammation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Keratosis_pilaris 毛发角化病 10066295 keratosis pilaris AE This is an AE which is an abnormal descent of the brow from its anatomical position to the point that a patient becomes uncomfortable with the brow's appearance or visual field deficits develop. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32809597/ 额头上睑下垂，眉毛下垂 10059001 brow ptosis AE This is an AE which is an acute headache of short duration brought on by some forms of activity. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27409752/ 劳累型头痛 10068614 exertional headache AE This is an AE which is a form of brief pain or headache commonly associated with consumption (particularly quick consumption) of cold beverages or foods such as ice cream, Popsicles, and snow cones. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cold-stimulus_headache 冷刺激性头痛 10071151 cold-stimulus headache AE This is an AE which is an imprecise term that can refer to a sense of disorientation in space, vertigo, or lightheadedness . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dizziness 体位性头晕 10013578 dizziness postural AE This is an AE which is a primary headache syndrome which can mimic chronic migraine and chronic tension-type headache. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/New_daily_persistent_headache 新的每日持续性头痛 10076678 new daily persistent headache AE This is an AE which is a cluster of boils caused by bacterial infection, most commonly with Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Carbuncle 痈 10007247 carbuncle AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory, primary cicatricial alopecia with several different patterns of hair loss. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29262050/ 毛发扁平苔癣 10081142 lichen planopilaris AE This is an AE which is a mental disorder characterized by a long-term urge that results in the pulling out of one's own hair. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Trichotillomania 拔毛癖 10044629 trichotillomania AE This is an AE which includes trichorrhexis invaginata and trichorrhexis nodosa. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Trichorrhexis 掉毛 10044625 trichorrhexis AE This is an AE which can be an early sign of skin aging and are a significant cosmetic concern. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25647394/ 扩张毛孔 10076249 dilated pores AE This is an AE which is a parasitic disease caused by Giardia duodenalis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Giardiasis 梨形鞭毛虫病 10018262 giardiasis AE This is an AE which is the bumps on a person's skin at the base of body hairs which may involuntarily develop when a person is tickled, cold or experiencing strong emotions such as fear, euphoria or sexual arousal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Goose_bumps 立毛 10035039 piloerection AE This is an AE which is the infection and inflammation of one or more hair follicles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Folliculitis 毛囊炎 10016936 folliculitis AE This is an AE which is a medical condition involving the loss of all body hair, including eyebrows, eyelashes, chest hair, armpit hair, and pubic hair. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_universalis 普秃 10001767 alopecia universalis AE This is an AE which is a condition of abnormal hair patterns, predominantly loss or reduction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hair_loss#Hypotrichosis 少毛症 10021126 hypotrichosis AE This is an AE which is a persistent irritation caused by shaving. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pseudofolliculitis_barbae 须须假毛囊炎 10037120 pseudofolliculitis barbae AE This is an AE which is a clinical entity with a diversified aetiology, that allows to distinguish from circumscribed or cicatricial alopecia or male baldness. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8048976/ 弥散性脱发 10073736 diffuse alopecia AE This is an AE which refers to a loss of hair from part of the head or body with effluvium. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hair_loss 恶臭性脱发 10001762 alopecia effluvium AE This is an AE which has been largely considered a neurological catastrophe. With conventional treatment, only around 20% of patients achieve functional independence. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21129593/ 基底动脉血栓形成 10063093 basilar artery thrombosis AE This is an AE which include neuromuscular irritability, tetany, and seizures, which are rapidly resolved with intravenous administration of calcium gluconate. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30449546/ 低钙血症癫痫 10072456 hypocalcaemic seizure AE This is an AE which is a decrease in the total amount of neurogenic red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin in the blood or a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anemia 肾原性的贫血 10058116 nephrogenic anemia AE This is an AE which is a cancer of plasma cells, a type of white blood cell that normally produces antibodies. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multiple_myeloma 骨髓瘤复发 10051381 myeloma recurrence AE This is an AE which is a global health concern affecting children, women and the elderly, whilst also being a common comorbidity in multiple medical conditions. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31665543/ 缺乏性贫血 10061101 deficiency anemia AE This is an AE which is a group of blood disorders typically inherited from a person's parents. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sickle_cell_disease 镰状细胞性贫血 10040641 sickle cell anemia AE This is an AE which is a group of rare blood cancers in which excess red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets are produced in the bone marrow. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myeloproliferative_neoplasm 骨髓增生障碍 10028576 myeloproliferative disorder AE This is an AE which is a life-threatening condition caused by haemophilus that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sepsis 嗜血杆菌败血症 10058875 haemophilus sepsis AE This is an AE which is a process with hyperchloraemic causing increased acidity in the blood and other body tissues . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acidosis 酸中毒高氯血症 10000489 acidosis hyperchloraemic AE This is an AE which is an acquired autoimmune disorder resulting in the production of antibodies directed against red blood cell antigens causing shortened erythrocyte survival. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28189175/ 温热型溶血性贫血 10047822 warm type hemolytic anemia AE This is an AE which is an acquired autoimmune disorder resulting in the production of antibodies directed against red blood cell antigens causing shortened erythrocyte survival. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28189175/ 冷型溶血性贫血 10009868 cold type hemolytic anemia AE This is an AE which is infections present in the blood caused by bacillus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bloodstream_infections 芽孢杆菌菌血症 10074184 bacillus bacteremia AE This is an AE which is infections present in the blood caused by corynebacterium. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bloodstream_infections 棒状杆菌属菌血症 10077106 corynebacterium bacteremia AE This is an AE which is infections present in the blood caused by haemophilus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bloodstream_infections 嗜血杆菌菌血症 10058922 haemophilus bacteremia AE This is an AE which is the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/White_blood_cell 白细胞紊乱 10061414 white blood cell disorder AE This is an AE which is the formation of a blood clot inside a haemorrhoids blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thrombosis 痔疮血栓 10019023 haemorrhoids thrombosed AE This is an AE which is well recognized and not infrequent findings in hyperthyroidism in adults. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15469538/ 高转氨血症 10068237 hypertransaminasaemia AE This is an AE which occurs when a blood clot forms in the artery that provides blood flow to the peripheral. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatic_artery_thrombosis 外周动脉血栓形成 10072564 peripheral artery thrombosis AE This is an AE which refers to a term for the presence of toxins in the blood caused by staphylococcal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Toxemia 葡萄球菌毒血症 10041932 staphylococcal toxaemia AE This is an AE which is a form of anemia due to hemolysis, the abnormal breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs), either in the blood vessels (intravascular hemolysis) or elsewhere in the human body (extravascular). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemolytic_anemia 溶血性贫血 10018916 hemolytic anemia AE This is an AE which is a group of blood disorders characterized by low red blood cells, acute kidney failure, and low platelets. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemolytic%E2%80%93uremic_syndrome 溶血性尿毒综合征 10018932 hemolytic uraemic syndrome AE This is an AE which is a common cause of infection among acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10784625/ 溶血性链球菌感染 10054265 alpha hemolytic streptococcal infection AE This is an AE which is a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin in the blood or a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anemia 贫血 10002034 anemia AE This is an AE which occurs when antibodies directed against the person's own red blood cells (RBCs) cause them to burst (lyse), leading to an insufficient number of oxygen-carrying red blood cells in the circulation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_hemolytic_anemia 溶血性贫血自身免疫性 10002046 anemia hemolytic autoimmune AE This is an AE which is a type of macrocytic anemia. An anemia is a red blood cell defect that can lead to an undersupply of oxygen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Megaloblastic_anemia 巨幼红细胞贫血 10002065 anemia megaloblastic AE This is an AE which can be due to blood loss, decreased RBC production, or increased destruction of erythrocytes. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18411074/ 新生儿贫血 10002068 anemia neonatal AE This is an AE which is a form of anemia seen in chronic infection, chronic immune activation, and malignancy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anemia_of_chronic_disease 慢性贫血 10002073 anemia of chronic disease AE This is an AE which is a decrease in the total red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin in the blood during pregnancy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anemia_in_pregnancy 妊娠贫血 10066468 anemia of pregnancy AE This is an AE which occurs when antibodies directed against the person's own red blood cells (RBCs) cause them to burst (lyse), leading to an insufficient number of oxygen-carrying red blood cells in the circulation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_hemolytic_anemia 自身免疫性溶血性贫血 10073785 autoimmune hemolytic anemia AE This is an AE which is a type of streptococcus infection and beta-hemolytic is a complete lysis of red cells in the media around and under the colonies: the area appears lightened (yellow) and transparent. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus 溶血性链球菌感染 10052100 beta hemolytic streptococcal infection AE This is an AE which is a condition in which the white cell (leukocyte count) is above the normal range in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Leukocytosis 高白细胞血症 10078862 hyperleukocytosis AE This is an AE which is a group of blood cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and result in high numbers of abnormal blood cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Leukemia 白血病 10024288 leukaemia AE This is an AE which is a condition in which the white cell (leukocyte count) is above the normal range in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Leukocytosis 白细胞增多症 10024378 leukocytosis AE This is an AE which is a long-term skin condition characterized by patches of the skin losing their pigment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vitiligo 白癜风 10024380 leukoderma AE This is an AE which is a medical emergency most commonly seen in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Leukostasis 白细胞平衡综合征 10074608 leukostasis syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that arises from a mutation of a lysosomal trafficking regulator protein,which leads to a decrease in phagocytosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A9diak%E2%80%93Higashi_syndrome 白细胞异常色素减退综合征 10008415 chediak-higashi syndrome AE This is an AE which is a skin condition, a variant of acrocyanosis caused by chronic exposure to cold. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythrocyanosis_crurum 红细胞发绀 10048995 erythrocyanosis AE This is an AE which is a rare form of acute myeloid leukemia (less than 5% of AML cases) where the myeloproliferation is of erythroblastic precursors. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_erythroid_leukemia#M6a_(Erythroleukemia) 红白血病 10015281 erythroleukaemia AE This is an AE which is a fairly disabling microvascular phenomenon. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/545362/ 造红细胞组织增殖，皮肤红变 10056474 erythrosis AE This is an AE which is variation in cell shape: poikilocytes may be oval, teardrop-shaped, sickle-shaped or irregularly contracted. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Poikilocytosis 异形红细胞症 10035774 poikilocytosis AE This is an AE which is a disease state in which the hematocrit (the volume percentage of red blood cells in the blood) and/or hemoglobin concentration are elevated in peripheral blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Polycythemia 多血性贫血 10036051 polycythaemia AE This is an AE which is the medical term for an abnormal decrease of reticulocytes in the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reticulocytopenia 网织红细胞减少症 10038795 reticulocytopenia AE This is an AE which is a condition where there is an increase in reticulocytes, immature red blood cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reticulocytosis 网织红细胞增多症 10038796 reticulocytosis AE This is an AE which is a common inherited disorder that is characterised by anaemia, jaundice, and splenomegaly. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18940465/ 球形红细胞性贫血 10041509 spherocytic anemia AE This is an AE which refers to a type of aplastic anemia affecting the precursors to red blood cells but usually not to white blood cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pure_red_cell_aplasia 发育不全纯红细胞 10002965 aplasia pure red cell AE This is an AE which is a type of thrombocytopenic purpura defined as an isolated low platelet count with a normal bone marrow in the absence of other causes of low platelets. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Immune_thrombocytopenic_purpura 自身免疫性血小板减少症 10050245 autoimmune thrombocytopenia AE This is an AE which is a rare chronic blood cancer (myeloproliferative neoplasm) characterised by the overproduction of platelets (thrombocytes) by megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Essential_thrombocythemia 原发性血小板血症 10015493 essential thrombocythaemia AE This is an AE which is the development of thrombocytopenia (a low platelet count), due to the administration of various forms of heparin, an anticoagulant. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Heparin-induced_thrombocytopenia 肝素诱发的血小板减少症 10062506 heparin-induced thrombocytopenia AE This is an AE which is a type of thrombocytopenic purpura defined as an isolated low platelet count with a normal bone marrow in the absence of other causes of low platelets. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Immune_thrombocytopenic_purpura 免疫性血小板减少症 10083842 immune thrombocytopenia AE This is an AE which is a type of thrombocytopenic purpura defined as an isolated low platelet count with a normal bone marrow in the absence of other causes of low platelets. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Immune_thrombocytopenic_purpura 免疫性血小板减少性紫癜 10074667 immune thrombocytopenic purpura AE This is an AE which is a disease that affects babies in which the platelet count is decreased because the mother's immune system attacks her fetus' or newborn's platelets. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_alloimmune_thrombocytopenia 新生儿同种免疫性血小板减少症 10075149 neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia AE This is an AE which is a medical term meaning that a patient's red blood cells(such as platelet ) are of unequal size. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anisocytosis 血小板异体细胞增多症 10066294 platelet anisocytosis AE This is an AE which is a component of blood whose function (along with the coagulation factors) is to react to bleeding from blood vessel injury by clumping, thereby initiating a blood clot and its function is disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Platelet 血小板疾病 10035532 platelet disorder AE This is an AE which is deeply involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32349003/ 血小板功能障碍 10073391 platelet dysfunction AE This is an AE which is a condition of high platelet (thrombocyte) count in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thrombocythemia#Causes 继发性血小板增多症 10083158 secondary thrombocytosis AE This is an AE which is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of platelets occurs on the neonatal, also known as thrombocytes, in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thrombocytopenia 新生儿血小板减少症 10043557 thrombocytopenia neonatal AE This is an AE which is a condition of high platelet (thrombocyte) count in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thrombocythemia 血小板增多症 10043563 thrombocytosis AE This is an AE which is a crisis disease caused by production of abnormal hemoglobin, which binds with other abnormal hemoglobin molecules within the red blood cell to cause rigid deformation of the cell. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11452073/ 镰状细胞性贫血伴危象 10040642 sickle cell anemia with crisis AE This is an AE which is a group of blood disorders typically inherited from a person's parents. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sickle_cell_disease 镰状细胞性贫血症 10040644 sickle cell disease AE This is an AE which describes a condition in which a person has one abnormal allele of the hemoglobin beta gene (is heterozygous), but does not display the severe symptoms of sickle cell disease that occur in a person who has two copies of that allele (is homozygous). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sickle_cell_trait 镰状细胞性状 10040650 sickle cell trait AE This is an AE which is associated with a poor prognosis, and liver transplant is the only definitive management. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33139258/ 细胞性贫血 10052483 spur cell anemia AE This is an AE which is a form of thalassemia involving the genes HBA1 and HBA2. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alpha-thalassemia α地中海贫血 10043390 thalassaemia alpha AE This is an AE which is without achylia or the Addisonian symptoms of glossitis, flatulent dyspepsia, diarrhoea, paraesthesiae, or neurological symptoms is seen in achrestic anaemia. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13160478/ 嗜铬性贫血，高色性贫血 10020605 hyperchromic anemia AE This is an AE which is a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin in the blood or a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anemia 发育不良性贫血 10021074 hypoplastic anemia AE This is an AE which is any of several types of anaemia characterized by small red blood cells (called microcytes). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Microcytic_anemia 小细胞性贫血 10027538 microcytic anemia AE This is an AE which is a condition in which red blood cells are unusually small as measured by their mean corpuscular volume. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Microcytosis 小细胞增多症 10027540 microcytosis AE This is an AE which appear to be the outcome of the impaired production of RBCs. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33351438/ 正常色素的贫血 10029782 normochromic anemia AE This is an AE which is a common complication in chronic kidney disease and is associated with many adverse clinical consequences. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26372086/ 正色素性正细胞性贫血 10029783 normochromic normocytic anemia AE This is an AE which may be caused by chronic disease, hemolysis, or bone marrow disorders. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20540485/ 正常红血球的贫血 10029784 normocytic anemia AE This is an AE which is a disease in which not enough red blood cells are produced due to a deficiency of vitamin B12. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B12_deficiency_anemia 恶性贫血 10034695 pernicious anemia AE This is an AE which is a cancer of plasma cells, a type of white blood cell that normally produces antibodies. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multiple_myeloma 浆细胞骨髓瘤 10035226 plasma cell myeloma AE This is an AE which is one of the most common serious bacterial infections worldwide. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21371655/ 葡萄球菌菌血症 10051017 staphylococcal bacteremia AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory bone disease that is caused by an infecting microorganism such as staphylococcal and leads to progressive bone destruction and loss. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29444953/ 葡萄球菌性骨髓炎 10064250 staphylococcal osteomyelitis AE This is an AE which is a life-threatening condition caused by staphylococcal that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sepsis 葡萄球菌败血症 10056430 staphylococcal sepsis AE This is an AE which is a family of serious medical conditions relating to an original diagnosis of leukemia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_leukemia 急性白血病 10000830 acute leukaemia AE This is an AE which is a rare condition (1:1,000,000), in which the bones have lesions, inflammation, and pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chronic_recurrent_multifocal_osteomyelitis 慢性复发性多发性骨髓炎 10071530 chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis AE This is an AE which is a rare malignancy affecting megakaryocytes, platelet-producing cells that reside in the bone marrow. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31548219/ 急性巨核细胞白血病 10000860 acute megakaryocytic leukaemia AE This is an AE which is a type of acute myeloid leukemia. In AML-M5 >80% of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_monocytic_leukemia 急性单核细胞的白血病 10000871 acute monocytic leukaemia AE This is an AE which is usually associated with determined recurrent cytogenetic aberrations like inv(16), t(v;11) (MLL gene rearrangement), and t(8;16). QY, JX, HY https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5843787/ 急性骨髓单核细胞白血病 10000890 acute myelomonocytic leukaemia AE This is an AE which is a cancer of plasma cells, a type of white blood cell that normally produces antibodies. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multiple_myeloma 多发性骨髓瘤 10028228 multiple myeloma AE This is an AE which is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a cancer of the white blood cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_promyelocytic_leukemia 急性早幼粒细胞白血病 10001019 acute promyelocytic leukaemia AE This is an AE which is the transplantation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, usually derived from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematopoietic_stem_cell_transplantation 骨髓移植 10051410 bone marrow harvest AE This is an AE which is an uncommon and self-limited syndrome characterized by extremity pain of unknown etiology. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27587374/ 骨髓水肿 10051763 bone marrow edema AE This is an AE which is a type of leukemia affecting myeloid tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myeloid_leukemia 髓样白血病 10028549 myeloid leukaemia AE This is an AE which is a group of rare blood cancers in which excess red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets are produced in the bone marrow. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myeloproliferative_neoplasm 骨髓增殖性肿瘤 10077465 myeloproliferative neoplasm AE This is an AE which occurs in children who are otherwise healthy because of rich blood supply to the growing bones. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Osteomyelitis 急性骨髓炎 10031253 osteomyelitis acute AE This is an AE which is an infection of bone caused by bacterial infection, but rarely can be a fungal infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Osteomyelitis 细菌骨髓炎 10065237 osteomyelitis bacterial AE This is an AE which is a form of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a medical condition in which blood clots form in the deep veins of the arms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paget%E2%80%93Schroetter_disease 佩-施二氏综合征 10050216 paget-schroetter syndrome AE This is an AE which is a medical condition that may occur as a long-term complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Post-thrombotic_syndrome 后血栓性综合症 10048591 post thrombotic syndrome AE This is an AE which is the breakdown (lysis) of blood clots formed in blood vessels, using medication. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thrombolysis 溶栓 10043568 thrombolysis AE This is an AE which is a thrombosis and inflammation of superficial veins which presents as a painful induration with erythema, often in a linear or branching configuration forming cords. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Superficial_thrombophlebitis 血栓性浅静脉炎 10043595 thrombophlebitis superficial AE This is an AE which occurs more frequently than thrombosis of one or both umbilical arteries, but poor fetal outcome is more likely with arterial thrombosis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3041394/ 脐带血栓 10071652 umbilical cord thrombosis AE This is an AE which is a rare surgical complication which may cause serious leg damage and may occasionally be fatal. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30219778/ 髂动脉血栓形成 10021340 iliac artery thrombosis AE This is an AE which is a group of leukemias affecting circulating lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymphoid_leukemia 淋巴细胞性白血病 10025270 lymphocytic leukaemia AE This is an AE which is a form of lymphoid leukemia and lymphoma in which too many T-cell lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the blood, bone marrow, and tissues, particularly mediastinal lymph nodes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/T-lymphoblastic_leukemia/lymphoma 前体T淋巴细胞淋巴瘤/白血病 10036543 precursor t-lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukaemia AE This is an AE which is a mature T-cell leukemia with aggressive behavior and predilection for blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and skin involvement. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/T-cell_prolymphocytic_leukemia T细胞幼淋巴细胞白血病 10042985 t-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia AE This is an AE which is an aggressive malignancy that has historically been associated with a very poor prognosis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31738819/ T细胞型急性白血病 10042987 t-cell type acute leukaemia AE This is an AE which is an increase of abnormal white blood cells and differs from acute leukemia, and is categorized as myelogenous or lymphocytic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chronic_leukemia 慢性白血病 10008943 chronic leukaemia AE This is an AE which is a type of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia 慢性淋巴细胞白血病 10008958 chronic lymphocytic leukaemia AE This is an AE which is a serious secondary disease that alters the events in the clotting cascade. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30567917/ 新生儿弥散性血管内凝血 10013443 disseminated intravascular coagulation in newborn AE This is an AE which is a common feature of several tumors to the extent that individuals with coagulation defects often present with occult visceral cancers. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27876232/ 凝血异常 10020608 hypercoagulation AE This is an AE which is a metabolic disorder that occurs in cattle when energy demand exceeds energy intake and results in a negative energy balance. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31896507/ 丙酮血症 10000410 acetonaemia AE This is an AE which is an abnormal protein that forms precipitate only in plasma and can be detected both in healthy persons and patients with autoimmune diseases, cancer and infections. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27789759/ 冷纤维蛋白原血症 10051229 cryofibrinogenaemia AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which the blood contains large amounts of pathological cold sensitive antibodies called cryoglobulins – proteins (mostly immunoglobulins themselves) that become insoluble at reduced temperatures. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cryoglobulinemia 冷球蛋白血症 10011474 cryoglobulinaemia AE This is an AE which is a medical condition caused by cytomegalovirus where cytomegalovirus enter the bloodstream and hence have access to the rest of the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Viremia 巨细胞病毒病毒血症 10058854 cytomegalovirus viraemia AE This is an AE which is a reduction in the number of mature blood cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cytopenia 血球减少 10066274 cytopenia AE This is an AE which is present in the systemic circulation; in septicaemia, whole microbes invade normally sterile parts of the body. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27452161/ 内毒素血症 10067410 endotoxaemia AE This is an AE which is severe complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29949208/ 巴尔病毒血症 10065110 epstein-barr viraemia AE This is an AE which is a life-threatening condition caused by fungal that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sepsis 真菌败血症 10058872 fungal sepsis AE This is an AE which is a rare disorder that occurs in adults in whom hypogammaglobulinemia, deficient cell-mediated immunity, and thymoma (usually benign) may develop almost simultaneously. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thymoma_with_immunodeficiency 胸腺瘤合并无丙种球蛋白血症 10079838 good syndrome AE This is an AE which is a type of neonatal infection caused by group b streptococcusand specifically refers to the presence in a newborn baby of a bacterial blood stream infection (BSI) (such as meningitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, or gastroenteritis) in the setting of fever. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_sepsis b组新生儿链球菌败血症 10053588 group b streptococcus neonatal sepsis AE This is an AE which is an acquired clonal disorder of the hemopoietic stem cell that is characterized by chronic intravascular hemolysis, as indicated by the grossly elevated levels of LDH in almost all patients. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15811985/ 血红蛋白血症 10018901 hemoglobinaemia AE This is an AE which is an uncommon hematologic disorder seen more often in children than in adults. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemophagocytic_lymphohistiocytosis 噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增多症 10071583 haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis AE This is an AE which is a genus of Gram-negative, pleomorphic, coccobacilli bacteria belonging to the family Pasteurellaceae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Haemophilus 嗜血杆菌感染 10061190 haemophilus infection AE This is an AE which is the coughing up of blood or blood-stained mucus from the bronchi, larynx, trachea, or lungs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemoptysis 咯血 10018964 hemoptysis AE This is an AE which is an inherited disease of vitamin B12 metabolism with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32443968/ 同型半胱氨酸血症 10048707 homocystinaemia AE This is an AE which is a metabolic disturbance characterised by an excess of ammonia in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperammonemia 高氨血症 10020575 hyperammonaemia AE This is an AE which may also be due to an increase in the amylase content within the lung tissues; possibly the carcinoma provokes an inflammatory response resulting in release of amylase into the circulation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24194585/ 高淀粉酶血症 10062770 hyperamylasaemia AE This is an AE which is abnormally elevated levels of any or all lipids (fats, cholesterol, or triglycerides) or lipoproteins in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperlipidemia 其他高脂血症 10020606 hyperchylomicronaemia AE This is an AE which would arise as a consequence of increased cysteine synthesis associated with the provision of protective substances (glutathione and/or taurine). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14520508/ 高肌酸血症 10675350 hypercreatinaemia AE This is an AE which is a well-known feature of liver and testicular toxicity and we have recently proposed that hepatotoxin-induced hypercreatinuria would arise as a consequence of increased cysteine synthesis associated with the provision of protective substances (glutathione and/or taurine). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14520508/ 高肌酐血症 10062747 hypercreatininaemia AE This is an AE which is a universal intracellular protein that stores iron and releases it in a controlled fashion. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ferritin#Excess 高铁血症 10075046 hyperferritinaemia AE This is an AE which results in vascular remodelling, and fibrinogen (Fg) and amyloid β (Aβ) complex formation is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27121987/ 高纤维蛋白原血症 10051124 hyperfibrinogenaemia AE This is an AE which is considered important prognostic markers, with the monitoring of lactate blood levels being very important in critical patients, like those admitted to the intensive care units. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23704442/ 高乳酸血症 10020660 hyperlactacidaemia AE This is an AE which may cause subcutaneous fat necrosis progression, with subsequent sterile 'abscess' formation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7670790/ 高脂肪血症 10067725 hyperlipasaemia AE This is an AE which is abnormally elevated levels of any or all lipids (fats, cholesterol, or triglycerides) or lipoproteins in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperlipidemia 高脂血症 10062060 hyperlipidaemia AE this is an AE which is an electrolyte disorder in which there is an elevated level of phosphate in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperphosphatemia 高磷酸血症 10020711 hyperphosphataemia AE This is an AE which is closely associated with systemic expression and adverse outcomes (lymphoma development and death) in patients with primary SS. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15381790/ 低补体血症 10020974 hypocomplementaemia AE This is an AE which is characterized by an acute hemorrhagic state brought about by inability of the blood to clot, with massive hemorrhages into the skin producing blackish, purplish swellings and sloughing. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fibrinolysis_syndrome 低纤维蛋白血症 10051125 hypofibrinogenaemia AE This is an AE which is a problem with the immune system in which not enough gamma globulins are produced in the blood (thus hypo- + gamma + globulin + -emia). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypogammaglobulinemia 低丙种球蛋白血症 10020983 hypogammaglobulinaemia AE This is an AE which is associated with chronic or severe illnesses, and limited nutritional intake, but similar medical problems were absent in the acromegalic patients. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/955558/ 低球蛋白血症 10058002 hypoglobulinaemia AE This is an AE which is the medical condition where there is too much fluid in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypervolemia 高容量血症 10020919 hypervolaemia AE This is an AE which is a rare condition and it can be caused by a genetic alteration or secondary factors. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32430154/ 低脂血症 10021024 hypolipidaemia AE This is an AE which is a condition where there is an abnormally low level of protein in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoproteinemia 低蛋白血症 10021083 hypoproteinaemia AE This is an AE which may be the result of a low-grade, chronic inflammatory process with an abnormal excessive production of myelosuppressive cytokines in a study conducted in the island of Crete. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neutropenia?wprov=srpw1_0#Pathophysiology 特发性嗜中性白血球减少症 10051645 idiopathic neutropenia AE This is an AE which is a biological role of human leucocyte lactotransferrin. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2390069/ 低铁血症 10053782 hyposideraemia AE This is an AE which is a life-threatening condition caused by klebsiella bacteria that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sepsis 克雷伯氏菌败血症 10054160 klebsiella sepsis AE This is an AE which is a complex of little prolactin and an immunoglobulin G antibody and the weight of the complex is more than 150 kDa. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20712249/ 巨泌乳素血症 10078846 macroprolactinaemia AE This is an AE which is infections present in the blood caused by pneumococcal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bloodstream_infections 肺炎球菌菌血症 10058859 pneumococcal bacteremia AE This is an AE which is a life-threatening condition caused by stenotrophomonas that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sepsis 狭养单胞菌败血症 10054137 stenotrophomonas sepsis AE This is an AE which caused by the Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria, has been reported to cause autosplenectomy but is a very rare and poorly understood complication of the infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Autosplenectomy#Pneumococcal_sepsis 肺炎球菌败血症 10054047 pneumococcal sepsis AE This is an AE which is infections present in the blood caused by pseudomonal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bloodstream_infections 假单胞菌菌血症 10058923 pseudomonal bacteremia AE This is an AE which is a life-threatening condition caused by pseudomonal that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sepsis 败血症假单胞菌 10058877 pseudomonal sepsis AE This is an AE which is a common, and frequently fatal, cause of bacteraemia in children and HIVinfected adults in sub-Saharan Africa. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29523850/ 沙门氏菌菌血症 10058924 salmonella bacteremia AE This is an AE which is a rare cause of neonatal sepsis and can present with life threating complications, thus leading to increase in neonatal mortality and morbidity. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31043097/ 沙门氏菌败血症 10058878 salmonella sepsis AE This is an AE which is a type of neonatal infection and specifically refers to the presence in a newborn baby of a bacterial blood stream infection (BSI) (such as meningitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, or gastroenteritis) in the setting of fever. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_sepsis 新生儿败血症 10040049 sepsis neonatal AE This is an AE which including fever, leukocytosis, elevated cardiac output, and reduced systemic vascular resistance has been associated with severe infection (i.e., sepsis). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10695741/ 败血症综合征 10053879 sepsis syndrome AE This is an AE which is frequent in neutropenic patients. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7783538/ 链球菌菌血症 10051018 streptococcal bacteremia AE This is an AE which is a form of hypogammaglobulinemia appearing after birth, leading to a reduction in the level of IgG, and also sometimes IgA and IgM. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Transient_hypogammaglobulinemia_of_infancy 婴儿暂时性低丙种球蛋白血症 10044388 transient hypogammaglobulinaemia of infancy AE This is an AE which refers to most common presenting symptoms or signs were of skin rash, cellulitis or abscess. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30287447/ 链球菌败血症 10048960 streptococcal sepsis AE This is an AE which is an error of metabolism, usually inborn, in which the body cannot effectively break down the amino acid tyrosine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tyrosinemia 酪氨酸血症 10063443 tyrosinaemia AE This is an AE which is a medical condition where viruses enter the bloodstream and hence have access to the rest of the body and is similar to bacteremia, a condition where bacteria enter the bloodstream. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Viremia 病毒血症 10058874 viraemia AE This is an AE which is caused by many viruses and is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sepsis 病毒性败血症 10071362 viral sepsis AE This is an AE which is a type of cancer affecting two types of B cells: lymphoplasmacytoid cells and plasma cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Waldenstr%C3%B6m%27s_macroglobulinemia 瓦尔登斯特伦巨球蛋白血症 10047801 waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia AE This is an AE which is a life-threatening condition occued on post procedural that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sepsis 手术后败血症 10066593 post procedural sepsis AE This is an AE which is a rare malignancy derived from plasmacyoid dendritic cells . QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30350260/ 母细胞浆细胞样树突状细胞瘤 10075460 blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasia AE QY, JX, HY 幼淋巴细胞白血病 10036888 prolymphocytic leukaemia AE QY, JX, HY B前体型急性白血病 10003890 b precursor type acute leukaemia AE QY, JX, HY 冷球蛋白血症 10062714 dysglobulinaemia AE QY, JX, HY 低钠血症 10077515 hyponatriuria AE QY, JX, HY 黑色素血症，血色沉着病 10054978 melanemia AE This is an AE which is a rare complication after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27158211/ 肝血肿 10019676 hepatic hematoma AE This is an AE which is a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and whites of the eyes due to high bilirubin levels and is acholuric. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Jaundice 无胆色素尿性黄疸 10023128 jaundice acholuric AE This is an AE which is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that affects the liver on the perinatal . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_B 围产期乙型肝炎病毒感染 10075233 perinatal hbv infection AE This is an AE which is the process of using one's hands to check the body such as liver, especially while perceiving/diagnosing a disease or illness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Palpation 肝脏可触及 10075895 liver palpable AE This is an AE which management aims to control viral replication, which is correlated with progression of disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis#Hepatitis_B_4 慢性乙型肝炎 10008910 chronic hepatitis b AE This is an AE which is believed to be an autosomal dominant condition in which multiple lipomas are present on the body such as pancreas lipomatosis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=pancreas+lipomatosis 胰腺脂肪瘤 10050831 pancreas lipomatosis AE This is an AE which is an organ transplant that involves implanting a healthy pancreas (one that can produce insulin) into a person who usually has diabetes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pancreas_transplantation 胰腺移植 10058845 pancreas transplant AE This is an AE which arises when cells in the pancreas, a glandular organ behind the stomach, begin to multiply out of control and form a mass. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic_cancer 胰脏癌 10033609 pancreatic carcinoma AE This is an AE which is a fluid filled sac within the pancreas. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic_cyst 胰腺囊肿 10033615 pancreatic cyst AE This is an AE which occurs in patients of every age. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11977935/ 胰腺疾病 10033616 pancreatic disorder AE This is an AE which is reported to induce pancreatic fibrosis and this type of pancreatic change was classified as a special type of CP, obstructive CP. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13678692/ 胰管梗阻 10052765 pancreatic duct obstruction AE This is an AE which is some form of trauma sustained by the pancreas. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic_injury 胰腺损伤 10033627 pancreatic injury AE This is an AE which is the inability to properly digest food due to a lack of digestive enzymes made by the pancreas. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exocrine_pancreatic_insufficiency 胰腺功能不全 10033628 pancreatic insufficiency AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of pancreatic tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 胰腺肿瘤 10061902 pancreatic neoplasm AE This is an AE which is a circumscribed collection of fluid rich in pancreatic enzymes, blood, and necrotic tissue, typically located in the lesser sac of the abdomen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic_pseudocyst 胰腺假性囊肿 10033635 pancreatic pseudocyst AE This is an AE which describes a disease ranging from infiltration of fat in the pancreas to pancreatic inflammation, and development of pancreatic fibrosis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32490903/ 胰腺脂肪变性 10072787 pancreatic steatosis AE This is an AE which is a long-standing inflammation of the pancreas that alters the organ's normal structure and functions. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chronic_pancreatitis 慢性胰腺炎 10033649 pancreatitis chronic AE This is an AE which is a condition with mumps characterized by inflammation of the pancreas. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pancreatitis 胰腺炎腮腺炎 10033653 pancreatitis mumps AE This is an AE which is the most dreadful evolution associated to a poor prognosis: mortality is approximately 15% and up to 30-39% in case of infected necrosis, which is the major cause of death. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26708848/ 坏死性胰腺炎 10033654 pancreatitis necrotising AE This is an AE which is a condition caused by viral characterized by inflammation of the pancreas. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pancreatitis 病毒性胰腺炎 10065192 pancreatitis viral AE This is an AE which is similar to hemodialysis and based on the same principles, but hemodialysis does not remove toxins bound to albumin that accumulate in liver failure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Liver_support_system#Liver_dialysis 肝透析 10076640 liver dialysis AE This is an AE which is a type of damage to or disease of the liver. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Liver_disease 肝脏疾病 10024670 liver disorder AE This is an AE which is some form of trauma sustained to the liver. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Liver_injury 肝损伤 10067125 liver injury AE This is an AE which is the process of using one's hands to check theliver palpable subcostal, especially while perceiving/diagnosing a disease or illness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Palpation 肝脏可触及的肋下 10024704 liver palpable subcostal AE This is an AE which refers pain or discomfort when an affected liver is touched. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tenderness 肝压痛 10024712 liver tenderness AE This is an AE which occurs when transplanted tissue is rejected by the recipient's immune system, which destroys the transplanted tissue such as liver transplant rejection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Transplant_rejection 肝移植排斥反应 10024715 liver transplant rejection AE This is an AE which is the most common reason for abdominal surgery in the elderly population. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8165472/ 肝胆管的疾病 10062000 hepatobiliary disease AE This is an AE which is a malignant liver cancer occurring in infants and children and composed of tissue resembling fetal liver cells, mature liver cells, or bile duct cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatoblastoma 肝母细胞癌 10062001 hepatoblastoma AE This is an AE which is the most common type of primary liver cancer in adults and is currently the most common cause of death in people with cirrhosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatocellular_carcinoma 肝细胞癌 10073071 hepatocellular carcinoma AE This is an AE which is damage to the hepatocellular caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 肝细胞损伤 10019837 hepatocellular injury AE This is an AE which is a syndrome of shortness of breath and hypoxemia (low oxygen levels in the blood of the arteries) caused by vasodilation (broadening of the blood vessels) in the lungs of patients with liver disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatopulmonary_syndrome 肝肺综合征 10052274 hepatopulmonary syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare form of lymphoma that is generally incurable, except in the case of an allogeneic stem cell transplant. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatosplenic_T-cell_lymphoma 肝脾t细胞淋巴瘤 10066957 hepatosplenic t-cell lymphoma AE This is an AE which is the abnormal exit of tissue or an organ, such as the bowel, through the wall of the cavity in which it normally resides. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hernia 疝 10019909 hernia AE This is an AE which is the abnormal exit of tissue or an organ, such as the bowel, through the wall of the cavity in which it normally resides and feel it pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hernia 疝痛 10049077 hernia pain AE This is an AE which is a rare, benign liver tumor and most commonly occurs in people with elevated systemic levels of estrogen, classically in women taking estrogen-containing oral contraceptive medication. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatocellular_adenoma 肝腺瘤 10019629 hepatic adenoma AE This is an AE which is the most common type of primary liver cancer in adults and is currently the most common cause of death in people with cirrhosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatocellular_carcinoma 肝癌症 10073069 hepatic cancer AE This is an AE which is the most common type of primary liver cancer in adults and is currently the most common cause of death in people with cirrhosis and is metastatic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatocellular_carcinoma 肝癌转移 10055110 hepatic cancer metastatic AE This is an AE which refers abnormal accumulation of fluid in the hepatic interstitium, manifesting as swelling. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congestion 肝充血 10019645 hepatic congestion AE This is an AE which is common benign liver lesions that usually have no malignant capability and is generally asymptomatic and are often found incidentally by abdominal imaging procedures. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30145861/ 肝囊肿 10019646 hepatic cyst AE This is an AE which refers to the passage and lodging of an embolus within the bloodstream on the hepatic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Embolization 肝栓塞 10056203 hepatic embolisation AE This is an AE which is the impaired liver function caused by the formation of scar tissue known as fibrosis due to damage caused by liver disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cirrhosis 肝纤维化 10019668 hepatic fibrosis AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of hepatic tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 肝肥大 10076254 hepatic hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce such as hepatic infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 肝病毒感染 10056522 hepatic infection AE This is an AE which is disease caused by fungi on the hepatic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fungal_infection 肝真菌感染 10065217 hepatic infection fungal AE This is an AE which occurs in the setting of chronic liver inflammation, and is most closely linked to chronic viral hepatitis infection (hepatitis B or C) or exposure to toxins such as alcohol, aflatoxin, or pyrrolizidine alkaloids and is malignant. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatocellular_carcinoma 恶性肝肿瘤 10019697 hepatic neoplasm malignant AE This is an AE which is a species of virus in the order Picornavirales, family Picornaviridae, genus Hepatovirus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_A#Virology 甲肝病毒 10052551 hepatitis a virus AE This is an AE which can resolve on its own, progress to chronic hepatitis, or (rarely) result in acute liver failure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis 急性肝炎 10019727 hepatitis acute AE This is an AE which is a partially double-stranded DNA virus, a species of the genus Orthohepadnavirus and a member of the Hepadnaviridae family of viruses. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_B_virus 乙型病毒性肝炎 10052552 hepatitis b virus AE This is an AE which is a small (55–65 nm in size), enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_C_virus 丙型病毒性肝炎 10019751 hepatitis c virus AE This is an AE which is a condition where bile cannot flow from the liver to the duodenum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cholestasis 淤胆型肝炎 10019754 hepatitis cholestatic AE This is an AE which is often asymptomatic early in its course and is detected only by liver laboratory studies for screening purposes or to evaluate non-specific symptoms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis#Chronic_hepatitis 慢性活动型肝炎 10019755 hepatitis chronic active AE This is an AE which is a type of viral hepatitis caused by the hepatitis delta virus (HDV). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_D d型肝炎 10019762 hepatitis d AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the liver caused by infection with the hepatitis E virus (HEV);it is a type of viral hepatitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis_E e型肝炎 10019768 hepatitis e AE This is an AE which is a rare and life-threatening complication of acute hepatitis that can occur in cases of hepatitis B, D, and E, in addition to drug-induced and autoimmune hepatitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis#Fulminant_hepatitis 暴发性肝炎 10019772 hepatitis fulminant AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the liver tissue and is infective. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis 传染性肝炎 10019780 hepatitis infectious AE This is an AE which is an infection usually caused by the Epstein Barr virus (EBV) on the hepatitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infectious_mononucleosis 肝炎传染性单核细胞增多 10019781 hepatitis infectious mononucleosis AE This is an AE which develops in approximately 7% of blood recipients. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6987932/ 输血后肝炎 10019791 hepatitis post transfusion AE This is an AE which implies chemical-driven liver damage. QY, JX, HY 毒性肝炎 10019795 hepatitis toxic AE This is an AE which is the appearance of severe complications rapidly after the first signs (such as jaundice) of liver disease, and indicates that the liver has sustained severe damage (loss of function of 80–90% of liver cells). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_liver_failure 急性肝衰竭 10000804 acute hepatic failure AE This is an AE whichis defined as the discrete onset of symptoms, the presence of jaundice or elevated serum alanine transaminase levels, and test results showing hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B core antigen. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30811163/ 急性乙型肝炎 10059193 acute hepatitis b AE This is an AE which refers infection is typically defined as the initial 6 months following exposure to the virus. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24477864/ 急性丙型肝炎 10065051 acute hepatitis c AE This is an AE which presents with tiny very itchy wheals and small bumps on a reddish background. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cholinergic_urticaria 荨麻疹胆碱能 10046740 urticaria cholinergic AE This is an AE which is a group of substances that blocks the action of the neurotransmitter called acetylcholine (ACh) at synapses in the central and peripheral nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anticholinergic#Effects 抗胆碱能综合症 10002757 anticholinergic syndrome AE This is an AE which is a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and whites of the eyes due to high bilirubin levels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Jaundice 高胆红素血症 10020578 hyperbilirubinaemia AE This is an AE which is the presence of high levels of cholesterol in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypercholesterolemia 血胆固醇过多 10020603 hypercholesterolaemia AE This is an AE which is due to significant damage to liver function → hepatic cell death and necrosis occur → impaired bilirubin transport across hepatocytes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Jaundice 黄疸肝细胞 10023136 jaundice hepatocellular AE This is an AE which can then lead to complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Non-alcoholic_fatty_liver_disease 非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 10053219 non-alcoholic steatohepatitis AE This is an AE which is an uncommon vascular condition characterised by multiple, randomly distributed, blood-filled cavities throughout the liver. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peliosis_hepatis 肝紫癜症 10034229 peliosis hepatis AE This is an AE which is a type of fatty liver disease, characterized by inflammation of the liver with concurrent fat accumulation in liver. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Steatohepatitis 脂肪性肝炎 10076331 steatohepatitis AE This is an AE which is some form of trauma sustained to the liver. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Liver_injury 外伤性肝损伤 10067979 traumatic liver injury AE This is an AE which may progress to scarring of the liver (cirrhosis), liver failure, and liver cancer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis#Chronic 慢性肝炎 10008909 chronic hepatitis AE This is an AE which is one of the leading causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and has become a curable disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27788732/ 慢性丙型肝炎 10008912 chronic hepatitis c AE This is an AE which is induced by immunocompetent alloreactive T lymphocytes in the donor graft responding to polymorphic and non-polymorphic host antigens and causing inflammation in primarily the liver. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33054103/ 急性肝移植抗宿主病 10066263 acute graft versus host disease in liver AE This is an AE which represents the terminal stage of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and one of the main causes of death among alcohol abusers. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19389182/ 酒精性肝硬化 10009208 cirrhosis alcoholic AE This is an AE which is an altered level of consciousness as a result of liver failure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatic_encephalopathy 肝昏迷 10010075 coma hepatic AE This is an AE which is a cause of acute and chronic liver disease caused specifically by medications. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hepatotoxicity 药物性肝损害 10072268 drug-induced liver injury AE This is an AE which is an aggregation on the liver of macrophages that forms in response to chronic inflammation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Granuloma 肉芽肿性肝病 10018704 granulomatous liver disease AE This is an AE which is generally asymptomatic or rarely can lead to severe complications in immunocompetent hosts. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28081328/ 巨细胞病毒肝炎 10011830 cytomegalovirus hepatitis AE This is an AE which is the most common primary malignancy of the pancreas. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29038855/ 胰腺导管腺癌 10073364 ductal adenocarcinoma of pancreas AE This is an AE which is a condition with oedematous characterized by inflammation of the pancreas. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pancreatitis 水肿性胰腺炎 10052400 edematous pancreatitis AE This is an AE which is a genetic disorder that affects mostly the lungs, but also the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and pancreatic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cystic_fibrosis 囊性纤维化胰腺 10011766 cystic fibrosis pancreatic AE This is an AE which is a type of cancerous tumor that can occur in several parts of the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adenocarcinoma 腺癌 10001141 adenocarcinoma AE This is an AE which manifests with several symptoms such as bilateral nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, cough, snoring, hyponasal speech, hypopnea, and sleep apnea. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20199384/ 腺样体肥大 10001229 adenoidal hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of the adenoid tissue usually caused by an infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adenoiditis 增殖腺炎 10051223 adenoiditis AE This is an AE which is a benign tumor of epithelial tissue with glandular origin, glandular characteristics, or both. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adenoma 腺瘤良性 10001233 adenoma benign AE This is an AE which is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APC gene. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adenomatous_polyposis_coli 腺瘤息肉病杆菌 10056981 adenomatous polyposis coli AE This is an AE which is a metabolic disorder that causes immunodeficiency. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_deaminase_deficiency 腺苷脱氨酶缺乏症 10066367 adenosine deaminase deficiency AE This is an AE which is a group of liver disorders in which substances called porphyrins build up in the body, negatively affecting the skin or nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Porphyria 卟啉症 10036181 porphyria AE This is an AE which describes the presence of multiple cysts scattered throughout normal liver tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Polycystic_liver_disease 多囊肝病 10048834 polycystic liver disease AE This is an AE which is the physiological or medicinal removal of toxic substances from a living organism, including the human body, which is mainly carried out by the liver. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Detoxification 排毒 10061814 detoxification AE QY, JX, HY 胰腺肿大 10055024 pancreatic enlargement AE QY, JX, HY 肝脏硬化 10052550 liver induration AE QY, JX, HY 肝细胞损伤 10019831 hepatocellular damage AE QY, JX, HY 肝部肿块 10057110 hepatic mass AE QY, JX, HY 不可切除的恶性肝肿瘤 10019698 hepatic neoplasm malignant non-resectable AE QY, JX, HY 获得性肝内导管扩张 10052383 dilatation intrahepatic duct acquired AE QY, JX, HY 腺样疾病 10057449 adenoidal disorder AE QY, JX, HY 肝肾功能衰竭 10019845 hepatorenal failure AE This is an AE which is a kidney-shaped organ of the lymphatic system, and the adaptive immune system and it is palpable. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymph_node 摸到淋巴结 10057470 lymph node palpable AE This is an AE whcih is an uncommon disease with a relatively high rate of associated morbidity and mortality. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20060254/ 硬膜外脓肿 10061846 extradural abscess AE This is an AE which is a clinical diagnosis made in patients with adverse reactions to two or more structurally unrelated drugs with an underlying immune-mediated mechanism causing the reaction. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24801461/ 多重过敏 10028164 multiple allergies AE This is an AE which is a heterogeneous group of lymphomas that derive from the malignant transformation of marginal zone B-cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Marginal_zone_B-cell_lymphoma 结外边缘区b细胞麦芽型淋巴瘤 10061850 extranodal marginal zone b-cell malt type lymphoma AE This is an AE which is a rare condition, but is associated with high mortality. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18186551/ 脾切除术后综合征 10075117 postsplenectomy syndrome AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of lymph node tissue and is benign. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 良性淋巴结肿瘤 10060997 benign lymph node neoplasm AE This is an AE which is an extremely rare infection of the central nervous system. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33246901/ 脊髓脓肿 10076050 spinal cord abscess AE This is an AE which is an infection usually caused by the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infectious_mononucleosis 单核细胞增多综合征 10027924 mononucleosis syndrome AE This is an AE which is classified as a lymphoproliferative disorder characterised by the relentless accumulation of mature B-lymphocytes showing a peculiar immunophenotype in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes and spleen. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27370174/ 淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤 10052178 lymphocytic lymphoma AE This is an AE which is now a rare condition, the causes of which in child are more or less different from adult. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28395496/ 扁桃体出血 10057450 tonsillar hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is often associated with an acute decline in renal function and may be associated with permanent renal insufficiency. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29493948/ 肾炎过敏性 10029120 nephritis allergic AE This is an AE which is the process of using one's hands to check the spleen, especially while perceiving/diagnosing a disease or illness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Palpation 脾可触及 10057471 spleen palpable AE This is an AE which represent a group of diseases, that develop in susceptible individuals after repeated exposure to usually organic inhalation antigen. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29303282/ 牙槽炎过敏 10001890 alveolitis allergic AE This is an AE which is a spectrum of progressively more severe monoclonal gammopathies in which a clone or multiple clones of pre-malignant or malignant plasma cells (sometimes in association with lymphoplasmacytoid cells or B lymphocytes) over-produce and secrete into the blood stream a myeloma protein, i.e. an abnormal monoclonal antibody or portion thereof. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Plasma_cell_dyscrasias 浆细胞疾病 10062081 plasma cell disorder AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory disease of the breast parenchyma, rare in males. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27815454/ 浆细胞乳腺炎 10066170 plasma cell mastitis AE This is an AE which is a disorder that negatively alters the body's processing and distribution of macronutrients such as proteins(such as plasma protein), fats, and carbohydrates . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_disorder 血浆蛋白代谢紊乱 10061350 plasma protein metabolism disorder AE This is an AE which is a plasma cell dyscrasia in which a plasma cell tumour grows within soft tissue or within the axial skeleton. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Plasmacytoma 浆细胞瘤 10035484 plasmacytoma AE This is an AE which is a condition in which there is an unusually large proportion of plasma cells in tissues, exudates, or blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Plasmacytosis 浆细胞增多 10035485 plasmacytosis AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the lymph node . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 淋巴结脓肿 10050167 lymph node abscess AE This is an AE which refers to result from prior granulomatous infections, especially tuberculosis and histoplasmosis. Other, less common, causes are sarcoidosis, silicosis, amyloidosis, and calcifications secondary to the treatment of lymphomas (radiation therapy or chemotherapy). QY, JX, HY https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6044648/ 淋巴结钙化 10056284 lymph node calcification AE This is an AE which is a pathological wound healing in which connective tissue replaces normal lymph node parenchymal tissue to the extent that it goes unchecked, leading to considerable tissue remodelling and the formation of permanent scar tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fibrosis 淋巴结纤维化 10025180 lymph node fibrosis AE This is an AE which is a kidney-shaped organ of the lymphatic system, and the adaptive immune system and some of it is rupture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymph_node 淋巴结破裂 10082725 lymph node rupture AE This is an AE which is an infectious disease on the lymph node usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis 淋巴结结核病 10025183 lymph node tuberculosis AE This is an AE which is a disease caused by bacterial of the lymph nodes, in which they are abnormal in size or consistency. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymphadenopathy 细菌性淋巴腺炎 10065224 lymphadenitis bacterial AE This is an AE which is a disease caused by viral of the lymph nodes, in which they are abnormal in size or consistency. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymphadenopathy 病毒性淋巴腺炎 10065209 lymphadenitis viral AE This is an AE which is an enlargement of the mediastinal lymph nodes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mediastinal_lymphadenopathy 淋巴结病纵隔 10025205 lymphadenopathy mediastinal AE This is an AE which is malformations of the lymphatic system characterized by lesions that are thin-walled cysts; these cysts can be macroscopic, as in a cystic hygroma, or microscopic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymphangioma 淋巴管瘤 10025219 lymphangioma AE This is an AE which can occur in any age group, in symptomatic or asymptomatic patients, and in a single site or at multiple sites. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10907389/ 淋巴管病 10061231 lymphangiopathy AE This is an AE which is a class of disorders which directly affect the components of the lymphatic system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymphatic_disease 淋巴疾病 10052314 lymphatic disorder AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of lymphatic system tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 淋巴系统肿瘤 10062044 lymphatic system neoplasm AE This is an AE which is defined as inflammation of the pituitary gland due to autoimmunity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_hypophysitis 淋巴细胞下垂体炎 10063685 lymphocytic hypophysitis AE This is an AE which is an excessive number of lymphohistiocytes(tissue macrophages), and the term is also often used to refer to a group of rare diseases which share this sign as a characteristic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Histiocytosis 淋巴组织细胞增多症 10049646 lymphohistiocytosis AE This is an AE which is the rapid proliferation of normal appendix lymphocytic cells that resemble lymph tissue which may occur with bacterial or viral infections. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymphoid_hyperplasia 阑尾淋巴样增生 10025298 lymphoid hyperplasia of appendix AE This is an AE which is the rapid proliferation of normal lymphocytic cells that resemble lymph tissue which may occur with bacterial or viral infections. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymphoid_hyperplasia 淋巴组织增生 10051808 lymphoid tissue hyperplasia AE This is an AE which is a rare skin disorder and can appear very similar to anaplastic large cell lymphoma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymphomatoid_papulosis 淋巴瘤样丘疹病 10056670 lymphomatoid papulosis AE This is an AE which is a condition seen in some cases of AIDS or immunosuppression, in which the immune system begins to recover, but then responds to a previously acquired opportunistic infection with an overwhelming inflammatory response that paradoxically makes the symptoms of infection worse. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Immune_reconstitution_inflammatory_syndrome 免疫重建综合症 10054014 immune reconstitution syndrome AE This is an AE which is a condition arising from an abnormal immune response to a functioning body part. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_disease 免疫系统紊乱 10021425 immune system disorder AE This is an AE which is a state of unresponsiveness of the immune system to substances or tissue that have the capacity to elicit an immune response in a given organism. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Immune_tolerance 免疫耐受诱导 10070581 immune tolerance induction AE This is an AE which is immune-mediated inflammation or swelling of the muscles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myositis 免疫介导性肌炎 10083073 immune-mediated myositis AE This is an AE which is a type of autoimmune myopathy characterized by relatively severe proximal weakness, myofiber necrosis with minimal inflammatory cell infiltrate on muscle biopsy, and infrequent extra-muscular involvement. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29582188/ 免疫介导性坏死性肌病 10072155 immune-mediated necrotising myopathy AE This is an AE which describes general immune-mediated inflammation of lung tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumonitis 免疫介导性肺炎 10082452 immune-mediated pneumonitis AE This is an AE which is an immune disorder characterized by recurrent infections and low antibody levels, specifically in immunoglobulin (Ig) types IgG, IgM and IgA. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Common_variable_immunodeficiency 普通变化型免疫缺陷病 10021449 immunodeficiency common variable AE This is an AE which is a rare, benign and self-limited disease, affecting mainly young women and presenting with localised lymphadenopathy, fever and leucopenia in the majority of the reported cases. QY, JX, HY https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6011493/ 组织细胞的坏死性淋巴结炎 10069070 histiocytic necrotising lymphadenitis AE This is an AE which is types of lymphoma affecting B cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/B-cell_lymphoma b细胞淋巴瘤 10003899 b-cell lymphoma AE This is an AE which is types of lymphoma affecting B cells and it is recurrent. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/B-cell_lymphoma b细胞淋巴瘤复发 10003902 b-cell lymphoma recurrent AE This is an AE which is a long-term autoimmune disorder that primarily affects joints. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis 自身免疫性关节炎 10071155 autoimmune arthritis AE This is an AE which may present with a clinical pattern of vesicles indistinguishable from dermatitis herpetiformis, or with vesicles and bullae in a bullous pemphigoid-like appearance. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Linear_IgA_bullous_dermatosis 自身免疫性水泡性疾病 10083961 autoimmune blistering disease AE This is an AE which is autoimmune diseases which primarily affect the body system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/CNS_demyelinating_autoimmune_diseases 自身免疫性脱髓鞘疾病 10075688 autoimmune demyelinating disease AE This is an AE which is a condition arising from an abnormal immune response to a functioning endocrine part. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_disease 自身免疫内分泌紊乱 10078953 autoimmune endocrine disorder AE This is an AE which is a chronic disease in which the body interprets the thyroid glands and its hormone products T3, T4 and TSH as threats, therefore producing special antibodies that target the thyroid's cells, thereby destroying it. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_thyroiditis 自身免疫性甲状腺功能减退 10076644 autoimmune hypothyroidism AE This is an AE which is autoimmune inflammation of the kidneys and may involve the glomeruli, tubules, or interstitial tissue surrounding the glomeruli and tubules. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nephritis 自身免疫性肾炎 10077087 autoimmune nephritis AE This is an AE which is an increasingly recognized type of chronic pancreatitis that can be difficult to distinguish from pancreatic carcinoma but which responds to treatment with corticosteroids, particularly prednisone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_pancreatitis 自身免疫性胰腺炎 10069002 autoimmune pancreatitis AE This is an AE which is the most frequent cause of acquired thyroid dysfunction, most commonly presenting either as Hashimoto's thyroiditis or Graves' Disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32973676/ 自身免疫性甲状腺疾病 10079165 autoimmune thyroid disorder AE This is an AE which refers not produce autoantibodies or antigen-specific T or B cells and can be characterized by errors in the innate immune system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Periodic_fever_syndrome 自身炎症性疾病 10072220 autoinflammatory disease AE This is an AE which is a rare form of cancerous lymphoma affecting T-cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/T-cell_lymphoma T细胞淋巴瘤 10042971 t-cell lymphoma AE This is an AE which is a disease of the lymph nodes on the vaccination site , in which they are abnormal in size or consistency. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymphadenopathy 接种部位淋巴结肿大 10069480 vaccination site lymphadenopathy AE This is an AE which refers to a group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in which aberrant T cells proliferate uncontrollably. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anaplastic_large-cell_lymphoma 间变性大细胞淋巴瘤 10073478 anaplastic large-cell lymphoma AE This is an AE which is a cancer of the lymphatic system, particularly B lymphocytes found in the germinal center. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Burkitt_lymphoma 伯基特淋巴瘤 10006595 burkitt's lymphoma AE This is an AE which is malformations of the lymphatic system characterized by lesions that are thin-walled cysts; these cysts can be macroscopic, as in a cystic hygroma, or microscopic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymphangioma 囊性淋巴管瘤 10058949 cystic lymphangioma AE This is an AE which is a cancer of B cells, a type of lymphocyte that is responsible for producing antibodies. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_large_B-cell_lymphoma 弥漫大b细胞淋巴瘤 10012818 diffuse large b-cell lymphoma AE This is an AE which may arise as a consequence of the transformation of the underlying indolent lymphoma. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28600333/ 淋巴瘤 10080202 double hit lymphoma AE This is an AE which can be classified as noninfectious GLA and infectious GLA, noninfectious GLA includes sarcoidosis and sarcoid-like reaction and infectious GLA can be classified as suppurative lymphadenitis (LA) and nonsuppurative LA. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22706525/ 肉芽肿性淋巴腺炎 10078494 granulomatous lymphadenitis AE This is an AE which is a disease of the lymph nodes on the injection site, in which they are abnormal in size or consistency. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymphadenopathy 注射部位淋巴结病 10057665 injection site lymphadenopathy AE This is an AE which is a heterogeneous group of lymphomas that derive from the malignant transformation of marginal zone B-cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Marginal_zone_B-cell_lymphoma 边缘带淋巴瘤 10076596 marginal zone lymphoma AE This is an AE which represents a group of diseases characterized by non-granulomatous inflammation and necrosis of the lymph node, caused by a variety of infective and inflammatory diseases, most common being Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, acute Epstein Barr viral infection and systemic lupus erythematosis . QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32031124/ 坏死性肉芽肿性淋巴腺炎 10058540 necrotising granulomatous lymphadenitis AE This is an AE which is irregularities in the heartbeat, including when it is too fast or too slow and is nodal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Arrhythmia 淋巴性心律失常 10029458 nodal arrhythmia AE This is an AE which is a group of clinically indolent B-cell lymphomas postulated to derive from memory B lymphocytes in the 'marginal zone' of secondary lymphoid tissue. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31757436/ 淋巴结边缘区b细胞淋巴瘤 10029460 nodal marginal zone b-cell lymphoma AE This is an AE which is a type of nodal osteoarthritis degenerative joint disease that results from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Osteoarthritis 淋巴结骨关节炎 10029469 nodal osteoarthritis AE This is an AE which is a group of blood cancers that includes all types of lymphomas except Hodgkin lymphomas. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Non-Hodgkin_lymphoma 非霍奇金淋巴瘤 10029547 non-hodgkin's lymphoma AE This is an AE which is a heterogeneous group of clinically aggressive diseases associated with poor outcome. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29674443/ 未指明外周t细胞淋巴瘤 10034623 peripheral t-cell lymphoma unspecified AE This is an AE which is a reactive lymphadenitis affecting HIV-positive patients; furthermore, PGL is often a prodrome of AIDS-related complex and AIDS. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2192430/ 持续性全身淋巴结肿大 10049025 persistent generalised lymphadenopathy AE This is an AE which is a high-grade neoplasm arising from precursor lymphocytes of B-cell lineage. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23840980/ 前体 B 淋巴母细胞淋巴瘤 10036523 precursor b-lymphoblastic lymphoma AE This is an AE which is inherited defects of the innate or adaptive arms of the immune system that lead to an increase in the incidence, frequency, or severity of infections and/or immune dysregulation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31690396/ 原发性免疫缺陷综合征 10064859 primary immunodeficiency syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare type of lymphoma that forms in the mediastinum (the space in between the lungs) and predominantly affects young adults. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Primary_mediastinal_B-cell_lymphoma 原发性纵隔大 B 细胞淋巴瘤 10036710 primary mediastinal large b-cell lymphoma AE This is an AE which is a benign lymphocytic infiltrate that resembles cutaneous lymphoma histologically, clinically, or both. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pseudolymphoma 假性淋巴瘤 10037127 pseudolymphoma AE This is an AE which is a genetic immunodeficiency, a type of hypogammaglobulinemia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Selective_immunoglobulin_A_deficiency 选择性iga免疫缺陷 10039915 selective iga immunodeficiency AE This is an AE which is frequent, both as an apparently isolated defect (about one fourth of patients suffering otherwise unexplained repeated infections) and in association with a number of primary and required immunodeficiency states. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2223061/ 选择性igg亚类缺乏症 10057863 selective igg subclass deficiency AE This is an AE which is a poorly defined dysgammaglobulinemia characterized by decreased levels of IgM while levels of other immunoglobulins are normal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Isolated_primary_immunoglobulin_M_deficiency 选择性igm免疫缺陷 10039916 selective igm immunodeficiency AE This is an AE which is one that affects a number of organs and tissues, or affects the body as a whole. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Systemic_disease 全身感染 10077116 systemic infection AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory state affecting the whole body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Systemic_inflammatory_response_syndrome 全身炎症反应综合征 10051379 systemic inflammatory response syndrome AE This is an AE which is a highly heterogeneous disorder, characterized by differences in autoantibody profile, serum cytokines, and a multi-system involvement commonly affecting the skin, renal, musculoskeletal, and hematopoetic systems clinical manifestations involving. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29775752/ 系统性红斑狼疮皮疹 10042946 systemic lupus erythematosus rash AE This is an AE which is a type of mast cell disease, is a rare disorder affecting both children and adults caused by the accumulation of functionally defective mast cells (also called mastocytes) and CD34+ mast cell precursors. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mastocytosis 系统性肥大细胞增多症 10042949 systemic mastocytosis AE This is an AE which is a rare but potentially life-threatening bleeding disorder characterized by autoantibodies directed against coagulation factor VIII. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acquired_haemophilia 获得性血友病 10053745 acquired haemophilia AE This is an AE which is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a retrovirus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/HIV/AIDS 获得性免疫缺陷综合征 10000565 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AE This is an AE which is a generic term referring to a disorder in which a cyst or cavity forms within the spinal cord . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Syringomyelia 获得性脊髓空洞症 10072631 acquired syringomyelia AE This is an AE which is an established treatment modality for a variety of hematologic malignancies. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15253164/ 同种异体造血干细胞移植 10067859 allogenic stem cell transplantation AE This is an AE which is an immune response to nonself antigens from members of the same species, which are called alloantigens or isoantigens. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alloimmunity 同种免疫 100060935 alloimmunisation AE This is an AE which is the lack of those reactions which may be transferred by lymphoid cells but not by serum. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5539788/ 细胞介导免疫缺陷 10007877 cell-mediated immune deficiency AE This is an AE which is conditions which cause impairment of humoral immunity, which can lead to immunodeficiency. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Humoral_immune_deficiency 体液免疫缺陷 10020464 humoral immune defect AE This is an AE which is a state with infecion in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious diseases and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Immunodeficiency 免疫缺陷宿主的感染 10021818 infection in an immunocompromised host AE This is an AE which is a form of diabetes that exhibits clinical features similar to both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Latent_autoimmune_diabetes_in_adults 成人潜伏性自身免疫性糖尿病 10066389 latent autoimmune diabetes in adults AE This is an AE which is a form of leukopenia associated with a deficiency of monocytes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Monocytopenia 单核细胞减少症 10027905 monocytopenia AE This is an AE which is a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious diseases and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Immunodeficiency 继发性免疫缺陷 10054979 secondary immunodeficiency AE This is an AE which is an acute condition involving a severe and dangerous lowered white blood cell count (leukopenia, most commonly of neutrophils) and thus causing a neutropenia in the circulating blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Agranulocytosis 粒细胞减少症 10001507 agranulocytosis AE This is an AE which is a rare WHO grade III type of astrocytoma, which is a type of cancer of the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anaplastic_astrocytoma 间变型星形细胞瘤 10002224 anaplastic astrocytoma AE This is an AE which is integral to the treatment of various malignant haematological conditions. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29933906/ 自体造血干细胞移植 10081347 autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplant AE This is an AE which is the condition of having greater than 200 basophils/μL in the venous blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Basophilia 嗜碱细胞增多症 10004173 basophilia AE This is an AE which is a relatively uncommon tumor of the bone. It is characterized by the presence of multinucleated giant cells (osteoclast-like cells). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Giant-cell_tumor_of_bone 骨巨细胞瘤 10005969 bone giant cell tumor AE This is an AE which is the tapered, lower end of the spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Conus_medullaris 髓母细胞综合征 10053778 conus medullaris syndrome AE This is an AE which occurs predominantly in immunocompromised hosts. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2554845/ 播散性巨细胞病毒感染 10049075 disseminated cytomegaloviral infection AE This is an AE which is the enlargement of red blood cells with near-constant hemoglobin concentration, and is defined by a mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of greater than 100 femtolitres (the precise criterion varies between laboratories). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Macrocytosis 巨细胞增生症 10025382 macrocytosis AE This is an AE which is the medical term for an unusually large tongue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Macroglossia 巨舌 10025391 macroglossia AE This is an AE which is a type of white blood cell of the immune system that engulfs and digests anything that does not have, on its surface, proteins that are specific to healthy body cells and is active. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Macrophage#Types 巨噬细胞活化 10050206 macrophage activation AE This is an AE which is one type of mast cell activation disorder (MCAD), and is an immunological condition in which mast cells inappropriately and excessively release chemical mediators, resulting in a range of chronic symptoms, sometimes including anaphylaxis or near-anaphylaxis attacks. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mast_cell_activation_syndrome 肥大细胞激活综合征 10075217 mast cell activation syndrome AE This is an AE which is a type of round-cell tumor consisting of mast cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mastocytoma 肥大细胞瘤 10026890 mastocytoma AE This is an AE which refers a type of mast cell disease, is a rare disorder affecting both children and adults caused by the accumulation of functionally defective mast cells (also called mastocytes) and CD34+ mast cell precursors. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mastocytosis 肥大细胞增多症 10026891 mastocytosis AE This is an AE which is a large bone marrow cell with a lobated nucleus responsible for the production of blood thrombocytes (platelets), which are necessary for normal blood clotting. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Megakaryocyte 巨核细胞 10050922 megakaryocytes AE This is an AE which is the most common demyelinating disease,in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis#Types_and_variants 原发性进行性多发性硬化 10063401 primary progressive multiple sclerosis AE This is an AE which is a major cause of neurological disability, which accrues predominantly during progressive forms of the disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27889191/ 进行性多发性硬化 10053395 progressive multiple sclerosis AE This is an AE which is the most common demyelinating disease and is progressive relapsing, in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis 进行性复发性多发性硬化 10067063 progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis AE This is an AE which is the most common demyelinating disease and can relapsing, in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis 复发性多发性硬化症 10080700 relapsing multiple sclerosis AE This is an AE which begins with a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis#Types_and_variants 复发缓解型多发性硬化症 10063399 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis AE This is an AE which occurs in around 65% of those with initial relapsing-remitting MS, who eventually have progressive neurologic decline between acute attacks without any definite periods of remission. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis#Types_and_variants 继发性进行性多发性硬化 10063400 secondary progressive multiple sclerosis AE This is an AE which is considered one of the multiple sclerosis borderline diseases, which is a collection of diseases classified by some as MS variants and by others as different diseases. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Marburg_acute_multiple_sclerosis 马尔堡型多发性硬化症 10067067 marburg's variant multiple sclerosis AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection involving the inner layers of the skin on the infusion site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cellulitis 输注部位蜂窝织炎 10065455 infusion site cellulitis AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels on the infusion site . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 输液部位出血 10065464 infusion site hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli on the infusion site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 输液部位疼痛 10053483 infusion site pain AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of infusion site not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 输液部位肿胀 10053505 infusion site swelling AE This is an AE which refers a somewhat high temperature on the infusion site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Warm 输液部位发热 10053484 infusion site warmth AE This is an AE which is an iatrogenic infection occurring as an isolated case or as cluster outbreak. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17643000/ 注射部位无菌脓肿 10022045 injection site abscess sterile AE This is an AE which is a type of hematoma of injection site tissue, the most common cause being capillaries damaged by trauma, causing localized bleeding that extravasates into the surrounding interstitial tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bruise 注射部位瘀伤 10022052 injection site bruising AE This is an AE which is the accumulation of calcium salts in injection site tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Calcification 注射部位钙化 10054812 injection site calcification AE This is an AE which is a closed sac on the injection site, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 注射部位囊肿 10022055 injection site cyst AE This is an AE which is a harmful mutation or other deformation in injection site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Deformation 注射部位变形 10079275 injection site deformation AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the skin on the injection site, typically characterized by itchiness, redness and a rash. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatitis 注射部位皮肤炎 10022056 injection site dermatitis AE This is an AE which is the shedding of the outermost membrane or layer of a tissue, such as injection site skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Desquamation 注射部位脱屑 10059007 injection site desquamation AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which there is local or more generalized decrease in normal lubrication of the skin or mucous membranes such in the injection site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dryness_(medical) 注射部位干燥 10067252 injection site dryness AE This is an AE which means "abnormal sensation" on the injection site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysesthesia 注射部位感觉不良 10069124 injection site dysaesthesia AE This is an AE which is a chronic, relapsing, and remitting disease on the injection site that can affect patients from infancy through adulthood. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31563186/ 注射部位湿疹 10066221 injection site eczema AE This is an AE which removes dead injection site skin from the body and face. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exfoliation 注射部位表皮脱落 10068689 injection site exfoliation AE This is an AE which is the leakage of a fluid out of its container into the surrounding injection site area, especially blood or blood cells from vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Extravasation 注射部位溢出物 10022062 injection site extravasation AE This is an AE which is a pathological wound healing on the injection site in which connective tissue replaces normal parenchymal tissue to the extent that it goes unchecked, leading to considerable tissue remodelling and the formation of permanent scar tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fibrosis 注射部位纤维化 10022064 injection site fibrosis AE This is an AE which is an aggregation of macrophages that forms in response to chronic inflammation on the injection site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Granuloma 注射部位肉芽肿 10022065 injection site granuloma AE This is an AE which is a condition on the injection site that involves an abnormal increase in sensitivity to stimuli of the sense. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperesthesia 注射部位感觉过敏 10073418 injection site hyperesthesia AE This is an AE which is an abnormal amount of hair growth over the injection site tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrichosis 注射部位多毛症 10075313 injection site hypertrichosis AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of injection site tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 注射部位肥大 10022072 injection site hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is a common side effect on the injection site of various medical conditions which manifests as a reduced sense of touch or sensation, or a partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoesthesia 注射部位触觉减退 10074586 injection site hypoesthesia AE This is an AE which is damage to the injection site caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 注射部位受伤 10066083 injection site injury AE This is an AE which is a injection site state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell-lining damage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irritation 注射部位疼痛 10022079 injection site irritation AE This is an AE which refers to accumulation of fluid in an anatomic injection site joint space, usually without loculation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Effusion 注射部位关节积液 10064494 injection site joint effusion AE This is an AE which is redness of the injection site joint skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 注射部位关节红斑 10076327 injection site joint erythema AE This is an AE which is a procedure used in the treatment of inflammatory joint conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, tendinitis, bursitis, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, and occasionally osteoarthritis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Joint_injection 注射部位关节感染 10074703 injection site joint infection AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of injection site joint tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants,and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 注射部位关节炎症 10064111 injection site joint inflammation AE This is an AE which is a distressing feeling on the injection site joint often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 注射部位关节痛 10049261 injection site joint pain AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of injection site joint area not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 注射部位关节肿胀 10049260 injection site joint swelling AE This is an AE which refers a somewhat high temperature on the injection site joint. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Warm 注射部位关节发热 10049262 injection site joint warmth AE This is an AE which is a type of injury which happens relatively quickly such as in the injection site in which skin is torn, cut, or punctured (an open wound), or where blunt force trauma causes a contusion (a closed wound). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Wound 注射部位撕裂 10067253 injection site laceration AE This is an AE which is a lack of muscle strength in the injection site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Muscle_weakness 注射部位肌无力 10084588 injection site muscle weakness AE This is an AE which is a form of cell injury in the injection site which results in the premature death of cells in living tissue by autolysis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Necrosis 注射部位坏死 10022082 injection site necrosis AE This is an AE which is injury to nervous tissue in the injection site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nerve_injury 注射部位神经损伤 10022083 injection site nerve damage AE This is an AE which refers a small aggregation of cells in the injection site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nodule 注射部位结节 10057880 injection site nodule AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the injection site tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 注射部位水肿 10022085 injection site edema AE This is an AE which is a pale color of the injection site skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pallor 注射部位苍白 10066041 injection site pallor AE This is an AE which is a small, well-defined bump in the injection site skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Papule 注射部位丘疹 10066044 injection site papule AE This is an AE which is an abnormal sensation of the injection site skin (tingling, pricking, chilling, burning, numbness) with no apparent physical cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paresthesia 注射部位感觉异常 10022088 injection site paraesthesia AE This is an AE which refers a type of cutaneous condition in the injection site . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Plaque 注射部位斑块 10073174 injection site plaque AE This is an AE which is any medical condition that affects the integumentary system in the injection site . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition 注射部位脓疱 10054994 injection site pustule AE This is an AE which is an area of fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin after an injury in the injection site tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Scar 注射部位的疤痕 10059009 injection site scar AE This is an AE which is small dilated blood vessels that can occur near the surface of the injection site skin or mucous membranes, measuring between 0.5 and 1 millimeter in diameter. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Telangiectasia 注射部位毛细管扩张 10079124 injection site telangiectasia AE This is an AE which is a group of disorders that destroy blood vessels by inflammation on the injection site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vasculitis 注射部位血管炎 10067995 injection site vasculitis AE This is an AE which is redness of the instillation site skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 滴注部位红斑 10063762 instillation site erythema AE This is an AE which is an abnormal sensation of the instillation site skin (tingling, pricking, chilling, burning, numbness) with no apparent physical cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paresthesia 滴注部位感觉异常 10073558 instillation site paraesthesia AE This is an AE which refers a liquid-filled cavity under the instillation site epidermis, commonly called a blister. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vesicle 滴注部位囊泡 10073628 instillation site vesicles AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the joint. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 关节脓肿 10058981 joint abscess AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the muscle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 肌脓肿 10049206 muscle abscess AE This is an AE which is a rare complication of acute parotitis in children. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26527073/ 腮腺脓肿 10034019 parotid abscess AE This is an AE which refers an abscess in the psoas muscle of the abdomen may be caused by lumbar tuberculosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Psoas_muscle_abscess 腰大肌脓肿 10056517 psoas abscess AE This is an AE which is the most common symptom is fever, followed by abdominal pain and a tender mass on palpation of the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spleen_pain#Splenic_abscess 脾脓肿 10041643 splenic abscess AE This is an AE which is an abscess located in the subcutaneous tissue (also hypodermis). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Subcutaneous_abscess 皮下脓肿 10042343 subcutaneous abscess AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body caused by streptococcal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 链球菌脓肿 10042176 streptococcal abscess AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the subdural. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 硬膜下脓肿 10083083 subdural abscess AE This is an AE which is a condition that typically presents as collection of pus in the space between the periorbital and the lamina papyracea as a result of the migration and spread of an infection, such as sinusitis and ethmoiditis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30871969/ 骨膜下脓肿 10075118 subperiosteal abscess AE This is an AE which is a neoplasm or tumor of the thyroid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_neoplasm 甲状腺肿瘤 10043744 thyroid neoplasm AE This is an AE which is an unfavorable result of a disease, health condition, or treatment such after vaccination. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Complication_(medicine) 接种并发症 10046861 vaccination complication AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the vaccination site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 接种部位脓肿 10069556 vaccination site abscess AE This is an AE which is a vaccination site state of controlled, temporary loss of sensation or awareness that is induced for medical purposes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anesthesia 接种部位麻醉 10076192 vaccination site anaesthesia AE This is an AE which is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of the vaccination site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrophy 接种部位萎缩 10076155 vaccination site atrophy AE This is an AE which is a type of hematoma of vaccination site, the most common cause being capillaries damaged by trauma, causing localized bleeding that extravasates into the surrounding interstitial tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bruise 接种部位淤青 10069484 vaccination site bruising AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection involving the inner layers of the vaccination site skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cellulitis 接种部位蜂窝织炎 10069559 vaccination site cellulitis AE This is an AE which is a closed sac on the vaccination site, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 接种部位囊肿 10076158 vaccination site cyst AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which there is local or more generalized decrease in normal lubrication of the vaccination site skin or mucous membranes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dryness_(medical) 接种部位干燥 10076159 vaccination site dryness AE This is an AE which defines as an unpleasant, abnormal sense of touch on the vaccination site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysesthesia 接种部位感觉迟钝 10076160 vaccination site dysaesthesia AE This is an AE which refers to a broad range of conditions that begin as spongiotic dermatitis and may progress to a lichenified stage on the vaccination site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/List_of_skin_conditions#Eczema 接种部位湿疹 10076161 vaccination site eczema AE This is an AE which is redness of the vaccination site skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 接种部位红斑 10059079 vaccination site erythema AE This is an AE which is a slough or piece of dead tissue that is cast off from the surface of the vaccination site skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eschar 接种部位焦痂 10069561 vaccination site eschar AE This is an AE which aims to remove dead skin from the vaccination site tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exfoliation 接种部位去角质 10069489 vaccination site exfoliation AE This is an AE which is the leakage of a fluid out of its container into the surrounding area, especially blood or blood cells from vessels such as on the vaccination site . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Extravasation 接种部位外渗 10076163 vaccination site extravasation AE This is an AE which is an aggregation of macrophages that forms in response to chronic inflammation on the vaccination site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Granuloma 接种部位肉芽肿 10069562 vaccination site granuloma AE This is an AE which is a vaccination site bleeding outside of blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 接种部位血肿 10069472 vaccination site hematoma AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels on the vaccination site . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 接种部位出血 10069475 vaccination site hemorrhage AE This is an AE which refers to undesirable reactions on the vaccination site produced by the normal immune system, including allergies and autoimmunity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypersensitivity 接种部位过敏 10068880 vaccination site hypersensitivity AE This is an AE which is an abnormal amount of hair growth over the vaccination site tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrichosis 接种部位多毛症 10076166 vaccination site hypertrichosis AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of vaccination site tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 接种部位肥大 10076167 vaccination site hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is a common side effect of vaccination site which manifests as a reduced sense of touch or sensation, or a partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoesthesia 接种部位感觉减退 10076168 vaccination site hypoesthesia AE This is an AE which is dermal thickening causing the cutaneous vaccination site surface to feel thicker and firmer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition#Secondary_lesions 接种部位硬结 10065117 vaccination site induration AE This is an AE which is the invasion of vaccination site tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 接种部位感染 10068877 vaccination site infection AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of vaccination site tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants, and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 接种部位炎症 10068878 vaccination site inflammation AE This is an AE which is damage to the vaccination site caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 接种部位损伤 10076169 vaccination site injury AE This is an AE which is a vaccination site state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell-lining damage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irritation 接种部位刺激 10069479 vaccination site irritation AE This is an AE which is the presence of increased intra-articular fluid on the vaccination site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Joint_effusion 接种部位关节积液 10076172 vaccination site joint effusion AE This is an AE which is redness of the vaccination site joint skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 接种部位关节红斑 10076177 vaccination site joint erythema AE This is an AE which is the invasion of a joint by an infectious agent resulting in joint inflammation on the vaccination site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Septic_arthritis 接种部位关节感染 10076173 vaccination site joint infection AE This is an AE which is a vaccination site symptom of injury, infection, illness (in particular arthritis), or an allergic reaction to medication. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Arthralgia 接种部位关节痛 10076176 vaccination site joint pain AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of vaccination site joint not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 接种部位关节肿胀 10076178 vaccination site joint swelling AE This is an AE which refers irregular tear-like wounds caused by some blunt trauma on the vaccination site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Wound#Open 接种部位裂伤 10076180 vaccination site laceration AE This is an AE which is a change in vaccination site surface color, without elevation or depression, so nonpalpable, well or ill-defined, variously sized, but generally considered less than either 5 or 10 mm in diameter at the widest point. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition#Primary_lesions 接种部位黄斑 10076181 vaccination site macule AE This is an AE which is a form of cell injury on the vaccination site which results in the premature death of cells in living tissue by autolysis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Necrosis 接种部位坏死 10069625 vaccination site necrosis AE This is an AE which is injury to vaccination site nervous tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nerve_injury 接种部位神经损伤 10076184 vaccination site nerve damage AE This is an AE which refers a small aggregation of cells on the vaccination site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nodule 接种部位结节 10069616 vaccination site nodule AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in thevaccination site tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 接种部位水肿 10069617 vaccination site edema AE This is an AE which is a distressing feeling on the vaccination site often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 接种部位疼痛 10068879 vaccination site pain AE This is an AE which is a pale color of the vaccination site skin that can be caused by illness, emotional shock or stress, stimulant use, or anemia, and is the result of a reduced amount of oxyhaemoglobin and may also be visible as pallor of the conjunctivae of the eyes on physical examination. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pallor 疫苗接种部位发白 10066045 vaccination site pallor AE This is an AE which is a small, well-defined bump in the vaccination site skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Papule 接种部位丘疹 10066046 vaccination site papule AE This is an AE which is an abnormal sensation of the vaccination site skin (tingling, pricking, chilling, burning, numbness) with no apparent physical cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paresthesia 接种部位感觉异常 10069481 vaccination site paraesthesia AE This is an AE which refers a type of cutaneous vaccination site condition. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Plaque 接种点斑点 10076187 vaccination site plaque AE This is an AE which is a vaccination site sensation that causes the desire or reflex to scratch. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Itch 接种部位瘙痒 10068881 vaccination site pruritus AE This is an AE which is a small elevation of the vaccination site skin containing cloudy or purulent material (pus) usually consisting of necrotic inflammatory cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition#Pustule 接种部位脓疱 10066047 vaccination site pustule AE This is an AE which is a change of the vaccination site skin which affects its color, appearance, or texture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rash 接种部位皮疹 10069482 vaccination site rash AE This is an AE which refers a hard coating on the vaccination site skin formed during the wound healing reconstruction phase. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Scab 接种部位结痂 10069618 vaccination site scab AE This is an AE which is an area of fibrous tissue that replaces vaccination site skin after an injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Scar 接种部位疤痕 10069619 vaccination site scar AE This is an AE which is a discontinuity or break in avaccination site membrane that impedes normal function of the affected organ. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ulcer 接种部位溃疡 10069621 vaccination site ulcer AE This is an AE which is a kind of vaccination site skin rash with red, raised, itchy bumps. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hives 接种部位荨麻疹 10069622 vaccination site urticaria AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the wound. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 伤口脓肿 10058042 wound abscess AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body caused by the bacterial. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 脓肿细菌 10000272 abscess bacterial AE This is an AE which is a cost and clinically effective technique. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8564178/ 脓肿引流 10000279 abscess drainage AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the limb. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 肢体脓肿 10050473 abscess limb AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the neck. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 颈部脓肿 10053576 abscess neck AE This is an AE which is the main and most serious complication which determines hemodynamic instability or septic state. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28027808/ 脓肿破裂 10064878 abscess rupture AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the soft tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 软组织脓肿 10050474 abscess soft tissue AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the administration site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 给药部位脓肿 10068791 administration site abscess AE This is an AE which occurs when a Bartholin's gland within the labia becomes blocked. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bartholin%27s_cyst 巴多林氏脓肿 10004138 bartholin's abscess AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the bone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 骨脓肿 10068653 bone abscess AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of the thyroid gland and is acute. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thyroiditis 急性甲状腺炎 10043780 thyroiditis acute AE This is an AE which is an uncommon systemic vasculitis, which involves small blood vessels of the lungs, peripheral nerves, skin, and, less frequently, the heart and gastrointestinal tract. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14625818/ 过敏性肉芽肿性 10048594 allergic granulomatous angiitis AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the body's tissue and can cause allergic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 脉管炎过敏水肿 10060934 allergic edema AE This is an AE which is a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to vaccine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Allergy 对疫苗过敏 10055048 allergy to vaccine AE This is an AE which is a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause shock. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anaphylaxis 过敏样休克 10063119 anaphylactoid shock AE This is an AE which is a widespread, proinflammatory, anaphylactic-like reaction that can occur when amniotic fluid enters the maternal blood circulation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30738557/ 妊娠类过敏综合征 10067010 anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy AE This is an AE which is a term often used to mean any disorder that affects joints caused by allergic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Arthritis 关节炎过敏 10061430 arthritis allergic AE This is an AE which is a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically caffeine substances in the environment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Allergy 咖啡因过敏 10074895 caffeine allergy AE This is an AE which is a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to contrast media substances in the environment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Allergy 造影剂过敏 10066973 contrast media allergy AE This is an AE which is a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances such as dust in the environment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Allergy 灰尘过敏 10077439 dust allergy AE This is an AE which is a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances such as dust in the house. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Allergy 房子灰尘过敏 10057631 house dust allergy AE This is an AE which is a teeth condition that involves an abnormal increase in sensitivity to stimuli of the sense. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperesthesia 牙齿过敏 10082426 hyperesthesia teeth AE This is an AE which is inflammation of small blood vessels (usually post-capillary venules in the dermis), characterized by palpable purpura. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cutaneous_small-vessel_vasculitis 高敏感性脉管炎 10020764 hypersensitivity vasculitis AE This is an AE which is not well-known in clinical practice and it might be combined with the adverse reactions of intravascular contrast media which contain iodine. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16573176/ 碘过敏 10052098 iodine allergy AE This is an AE which is a medical term encompassing a range of allergic reactions to the proteins present in natural rubber latex. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Latex_allergy 乳胶过敏 10056435 latex allergy AE This is an AE which is an adverse immune reaction to one or more proteins in cow's milk. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Milk_allergy 牛奶过敏 10027633 milk allergy AE This is an AE which is a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically substances such as mite in the environment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Allergy 螨过敏 10077290 mite allergy AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the application site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 用药部位脓肿 10057881 application site abscess AE This is an AE which is a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically substances such as mycotic in the environment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Allergy 对霉菌过敏 10052758 mycotic allergy AE This is an AE which is a sensation that causes the desire or reflex to scratch caused by allergic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Itch 瘙痒过敏 10063438 pruritus allergic AE This is an AE which is a glycoprotein enzyme encoded in humans by the KLK3 gene and is free . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Prostate-specific_antigen 游离前列腺特异性抗原 10053837 free prostate-specific antigen AE This is an AE which occurs when transplanted kidney tissue is rejected by the recipient's immune system, which destroys the transplanted tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Transplant_rejection 肾移植排斥反应 10023439 kidney transplant rejection AE This is an AE which occurs when transplanted tissue is rejected by the recipient's immune system, which destroys the transplanted tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Transplant_rejection 移植排斥 10044439 transplant rejection AE This is an AE which refers an unfavorable evolution of a disease, health condition or medical treatment after transplantation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Complication 移植并发症 10074555 transplantation complication AE This is an AE which is a kidney disorder which is the leading cause of kidney transplant failure, occurring months to years after the transplant. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chronic_allograft_nephropathy 慢性同种异体移植物肾病 10063209 chronic allograft nephropathy AE This is an AE which is the organ transplant of a kidney into a patient with end-stage kidney disease (ESRD) and occurs complications. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney_transplantation 移植肾并发症 10010185 complications of transplanted kidney AE This is an AE which is characterized by a significant reduction in one or more of the cellular elements of the blood in the presence of normocellular or hypercellular bone marrow and splenomegaly. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23454561/ 脾功能亢进 10020769 hypersplenism AE This is an AE which is associated with autoimmune diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, severe celiac disease, autoimmune thyroiditis, untreated HIV infection and chronic graft-versus-host disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32563569/ 脾功能减退症 10079831 hyposplenism AE This is an AE which is a non-surgical procedure developed to treat hypersplenism as a result of hepatic disease and thus avoid the disadvantages of splenectomy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18034810/ 部分脾栓塞 10081995 partial splenic embolisation AE This is an AE which refers abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitium on the spleen, manifesting as swelling. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congestion 脾淤血 10050294 spleen congestion AE This is an AE which is the accumulation of calcium salts in a splenic tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Calcification 脾钙化 10068608 splenic calcification AE This is an AE which is most commonly due to endemic parasites or congenital (epithelial) cysts in children. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27403673/ 脾囊肿 10051169 splenic cyst AE This is an AE which is an aggregation of macrophages that forms in response to chronic inflammation on the splenic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Granuloma 脾肉芽肿 10064249 splenic granuloma AE This is an AE which is a splenic localized bleeding outside of blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 脾血肿 10041646 splenic hematoma AE This is an AE which is a condition in which blood flow supply to the spleen is compromised,leading to partial or complete infarction (tissue death due to oxygen shortage) in the organ. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Splenic_infarction 脾梗塞 10041648 splenic infarction AE This is an AE which includes a ruptured spleen, is any injury to the spleen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Splenic_injury 脾脏损伤 10041649 splenic injury AE This is an AE which is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of splenic, usually caused by disease or trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lesion 脾脏病变 10054829 splenic lesion AE This is an AE which is any injury to the spleen and the rupture of a normal spleen can be caused by trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Splenic_injury 脾破裂 10041658 splenic rupture AE This is an AE which is an enlargement of the spleen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Splenomegaly 脾炎 10058339 splenitis AE This is an AE which is the result of spleen tissue breaking off the main organ and implanting at another site inside the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Splenosis 脾组织移植 10050357 splenosis AE This is an AE which refers to the absence of normal spleen function and is associated with some serious infection risks. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Asplenia 无脾 10053622 asplenia AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the tonsils in the upper part of the throat. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tonsillitis 慢性扁桃体炎 10009152 chronic tonsillitis AE This is an AE which encompasses both cellulitis and abscess. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3460043/ 扁桃体周炎 10049592 peritonsillitis AE This is an AE which is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of the tonsillar. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrophy 扁桃体萎缩 10051502 tonsillar atrophy AE This is an AE which can recurre after marsupialization via microlaryngeal approach and finally it was resected successfully through a lateral cervical approach with concomitant tracheotomy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17129695/ 扁桃体囊肿 10057451 tonsillar cyst AE This is an AE which is redness of the tonsillar skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 扁桃体红斑 10078256 tonsillar erythema AE This is an AE which is a fluid emitted by an organism through tonsillar pores or a wound. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exudate 扁桃体渗出液 10078257 tonsillar exudate AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of tonsillar tissues to harmful stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 扁桃体发炎 10065169 tonsillar inflammation AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of tonsillar tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 扁桃体肿瘤 10062131 tonsillar neoplasm AE This is an AE which is a discontinuity or break in a tonsillar membrane that impedes normal function of the affected tonsillar . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ulcer 扁桃体溃疡 10050211 tonsillar ulcer AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the tonsils in the upper part of the throat caused by viral. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tonsillitis 病毒性扁桃体炎 10047480 viral tonsillitis AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory process of the tonsillar tissues and is usually infectious in nature. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22338587/ 急性扁桃体炎 10001093 acute tonsillitis AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the kidneys caused by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lupus_nephritis 狼疮肾炎 10025140 lupus nephritis AE This is an AE which is a type of lymphoma, in which cancer originates from a specific type of white blood cells called lymphocytes, where multinucleated Reed–Sternberg cells (RS cells) are present in the patient's lymph nodes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hodgkin_lymphoma 霍奇金氏病 10020206 hodgkin's disease AE This is an AE which is the presence of an increased number of granulocytes in the peripheral blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Granulocytosis 粒细胞增多 10018690 granulocytosis AE This is an AE which is the presence of excessive amounts of myeloma protein or monoclonal gamma globulin in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Monoclonal_gammopathy 单克隆丙种球蛋白病 10060880 monoclonal gammopathy AE This is an AE which is a multisystem disease of presumed autoimmune cause that affects pigmented tissues, which have melanin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vogt%E2%80%93Koyanagi%E2%80%93Harada_disease vogt-小柳-原田病 10082001 vogt-koyanagi-harada disease AE This is an AE which is an extremely rare disease characterized by the abnormal multiplication of a specific type of white blood cells called histiocytes, or tissue macrophages (technically, this disease is termed a non-Langerhans-cell histiocytosis). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erdheim%E2%80%93Chester_disease 埃尔德海姆-切斯特病 10060801 erdheim-chester disease AE This is an AE which is antibodies, typically immunoglobulin M (IgM), that are acquainted with and then binding the antigens on red blood cells, typically antigens "I" or "i" on the RBC surface. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cold_sensitive_antibodies#Cold_agglutinin_antibodies 寒冷的凝集素 10050523 cold agglutinins AE This is an AE which is a rare adverse event following immunization (AEFI). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30808246/ 皮下结节 10042348 subcutaneous nodule AE This is an AE which is a long-term autoimmune disorder, primarily affecting the small intestine, where individuals develop intolerance to gluten, present in foods such as wheat, rye and barley. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Coeliac_disease 乳糜泄 10009839 coeliac disease AE This is an AE which associates with lamotrigine. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23011169/ 狼疮样综合征 10050551 lupus-like syndrome AE QY, JX, HY 淋巴阻塞 10052315 lymphatic obstruction AE QY, JX, HY 滤泡中心淋巴瘤弥漫性小细胞淋巴瘤 10061957 follicle centre lymphoma diffuse small cell lymphoma AE QY, JX, HY 假性单核细胞增多症 10058008 pseudomononucleosis AE QY, JX, HY 免疫接种后不良事件 10069520 adverse event following immunisation AE QY, JX, HY 输液部位关节运动障碍 10076075 infusion site joint movement impairment AE QY, JX, HY 注射部位发冷 10050082 injection site coldness AE QY, JX, HY 注射部位变色 10051572 injection site discoloration AE QY, JX, HY 注射部位不舒服 10054266 injection site discomfort AE QY, JX, HY 注射部位侵蚀 10022059 injection site erosion AE QY, JX, HY 注射部位压痕 10079277 injection site indentation AE QY, JX, HY 注射部位关节不适 10073459 injection site joint discomfort AE QY, JX, HY 注射部位关节运动障碍 10053979 injection site joint movement impairment AE QY, JX, HY 注射部位关节发红 10049263 injection site joint redness AE QY, JX, HY 注射部位运动障碍 10056250 injection site movement impairment AE QY, JX, HY 灌注部位异物感 10063771 instillation site foreign body sensation AE QY, JX, HY 接种部位脓肿无菌 10069476 vaccination site abscess sterile AE QY, JX, HY 接种部位发冷 10076157 vaccination site coldness AE QY, JX, HY 接种点分泌物 10069560 vaccination site discharge AE QY, JX, HY 接种部位变色 10069474 vaccination site discoloration AE QY, JX, HY 接种部位不适 10069478 vaccination site discomfort AE QY, JX, HY 接种部位关节运动障碍 10076175 vaccination site joint movement impairment AE QY, JX, HY 接种部位肿块 10076182 vaccination site mass AE QY, JX, HY 接种部位运动障碍 10076183 vaccination site movement impairment AE QY, JX, HY 脓肿无菌 10000317 abscess sterile AE QY, JX, HY 给药部位脓肿无菌 10075922 administration site abscess sterile AE QY, JX, HY 热感觉过敏 10068011 thermohyperesthesia AE QY, JX, HY 隐球菌抗原 10068337 cryptococcus antigen AE QY, JX, HY 移植的并发症 10058060 graft complication AE QY, JX, HY 肾移植感染 10078229 renal graft infection AE QY, JX, HY 恶性脾肿瘤 10026702 malignant splenic neoplasm AE QY, JX, HY 扁桃体疾病 10053477 tonsillar disorder AE This is an AE which is caused by substances derived from microbial plaque accumulating at or near the gingival sulcus; all other suspected local and systemic etiologic factors either enhance plaque accumulation or retention, or enhance the susceptibility of the gingival tissue to microbial attack. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3522644/ 牙龈感染 10058802 gingival infection AE This is an AE which might be underestimated due to its asymptomatic and non-specific mild infection, and the lack of simple standardized laboratory diagnostics in hospitals, especially in the developing countries. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19736383/ 汉坦病毒感染 10061198 hantaviral infection AE This is an AE which is large macroparasites caused infection; adults can generally be seen with the naked eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Parasitic_worm 蠕虫感染 10061201 helminthic infection AE This is an AE which is a histological technique used to visualize acid-fast bacilli using fluorescence microscopy, notably species in the Mycobacterium genus and it can cause infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Auramine%E2%80%93rhodamine_stain 抗酸杆菌感染 10054204 acid fast bacilli infection AE This is an AE which include skin infections such as cellulitis, pustules, and furuncles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas_infection 气单胞菌属感染 10054205 aeromonas infection AE This is an AE which is the closed sac between the embryo and the amnion, containing the amniotic fluid and is infected. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amniotic_sac 羊膜腔感染 10060937 amniotic cavity infection AE This is an AE which is the invasion of an administration site by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 给药部位感染 10066214 administration site infection AE This is an AE which is a genus consisting of a few hundred mold species found in various climates worldwide and it can cause infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aspergillus 曲霉属真菌感染 10074171 aspergillus infection AE This is an AE which is uncommon and characterized by a chronic, indolent course before diagnosis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28344532/ 非典型性分枝杆菌感染 10061663 atypical mycobacterial infection AE This is an AE which is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria, a member of the phylum Firmicutes, with 266 named species and it caused infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bacillus 芽孢杆菌感染 10060976 bacillus infection AE This is an AE which is one of the common complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT), which is also one of the reasons of the hemorrhagic cystitis． QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30501736/ 多瘤病毒感染 10055181 bk virus infection AE This is an AE which is a genus of single-celled heterokont parasites belonging to a group of organisms that are known as the Stramenopiles (also called Heterokonts) that includes algae, diatoms, and water molds and it can cause infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blastocystis 人芽囊原虫感染，囊胚感染 10005092 blastocystis infection AE This is an AE which is a small pocket of body fluid (lymph, serum, plasma, blood, or pus) within the upper layers of the skin, usually caused by forceful rubbing (friction), burning, freezing, chemical exposure or infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blister 水泡感染 10005192 blister infected AE This is an AE which is a genus of small (0.2 0.7 m), gram-negative coccobacilli of the phylum Proteobacteria. Bordetella species, with the exception of B. petrii, are obligate aerobes, as well as highly fastidious, or difficult to culture and all species can infect humans. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bordetella 博代氏杆菌属感染 10052307 bordetella infection AE This is an AE which is an etiological factor which should be considered in patients suffering from vertigo especially if positional nystagmus is present. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3421091/ 博氏菌感染 10061591 borrelia infection AE This is an AE which is an emerging pathogen causes life-threatening infections in cystic fibrosis patients. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30012345/ 洋葱伯克霍尔德氏菌复杂感染 10069657 burkholderia cepacia complex infection AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of one or more bursae (fluid filled sacs) of synovial fluid in the body and is infective. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bursitis 滑囊炎感染 10061022 bursitis infective AE This is an AE which is an infection by the Campylobacter bacterium, most commonly C. jejuni. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Campylobacteriosis 弯曲杆菌感染 10051226 campylobacter infection AE This is an AE which is a fungal infection due to any type of Candida (a type of yeast) , when it affects the mouth, in some countries it is commonly called thrush. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Candidiasis 念珠菌感染 100741710 candida infection AE This is an AE which refers a reemerging arbovirus, causes a crippling musculoskeletal inflammatory disease in humans characterized by fever, polyarthralgia, myalgia, rash, and headache. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28248203/ 基孔肯雅病毒感染 10067256 chikungunya virus infection AE This is an AE which is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chlamydia 衣原体感染 10061041 chlamydial infection AE This is an AE which is a genus of Gram-negative coliform bacteria in the family Enterobacteriaceae and it causes infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Citrobacter 枸橼酸杆菌属感染，柠檬酸杆菌感染 10051904 citrobacter infection AE This is an AE which is a group of related RNA viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds and it caused infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus 冠状病毒感染 10053983 corona virus infection AE This is an AE which is a group of related RNA viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds and it caused infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus 冠状病毒感染 10051905 coronavirus infection AE This is an AE which is a genus of bacteria that are Gram-positive and most are aerobic and it caused infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Corynebacterium 棒状杆菌属感染 10061092 corynebacterium infection AE This is an AE which is a mainstay of adjunctive therapy for superficial bladder cancer that increases length of disease progression-free survival and it usually well tolerated, moderate to severe local and systemic infectious complications can occur with this immunotherapy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31711964/ 播散性卡介苗杆菌感染 10076666 disseminated bacillus calmette-guerin infection AE This is an AE which is a polyphyletic group of viruses associated with enteric disease in humans and it caused infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Echovirus ECHO病毒感染 10061113 echo virus infection AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the skin, typically characterized by itchiness, redness and a rash. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatitis 湿疹感染 10014199 eczema infected AE This is an AE which include asymptomatic infections, the primary infection, infectious mononucleosis, and the progression of asymptomatic or primary infections . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Epstein%E2%80%93Barr_virus_infection 埃普斯坦-巴尔病毒感染 10015108 epstein-barr virus infection AE This is an AE which is an epilepsy syndrome in which new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is preceded by febrile illness 24 hours to 2 weeks prior to the onset of seizures. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Febrile_infection-related_epilepsy_syndrome 发热性感染相关癫痫综合征 10079438 febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome AE This is an AE which is a infection caused by genus of Gram-variable-staining facultative anaerobic bacteria of which Gardnerella vaginalis is the only species. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gardnerella_vaginalis 加德纳菌属感染 10017728 gardnerella infection AE This is an AE which is an infection by a type of intestinal parasite known as a hookworm. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hookworm_infection 钩虫感染 10020376 hookworm infection AE This is an AE which is the name given to all viruses in the genus Bocaparvovirus of virus family Parvoviridae that are known to infect humans. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Human_bocavirus 人类博卡病毒感染 10077391 human bocavirus infection AE This is an AE which has been associated with different epilepsy syndromes, including febrile seizures and status epilepticus, acute symptomatic seizures secondary to encephalitis and temporal lobe epilepsy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30953871/ 人类疱疹病毒6感染 10020431 human herpesvirus 6 infection AE This is an AE which is an infectious disease caused by certain types of human herpes viruses. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Roseola 人类疱疹病毒7感染 10063571 human herpesvirus 7 infection AE This is an AE which is a family of viruses whose natural hosts are primarily mammals such as human. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Polyomaviridae 人类多瘤病毒感染 10057366 human polyomavirus infection AE This is an AE which is the causation of a disease, a harmful complication, or other ill effect by any medical activity, including diagnosis, intervention, error, or negligence. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Iatrogenesis 医源性感染 10064091 iatrogenic infection AE This is an AE which is the invasion of an implant site by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 植入部位感染 10059650 implant site infection AE This is an AE which is defined as infections occurring up to 30 days after surgery (or up to one year after surgery in patients receiving implants) and affecting either the incision or deep tissue at the operation site. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19022115/ 切口部位感染 10065616 incision site infection AE This is an AE which is the passing of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a particular individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected such as indirect infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Transmission_(medicine) 间接感染传播 10021714 indirect infection transmission AE This is an AE which is a wound received from the mouth of an animal or human and can caused infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bite_(disambiguation) 被感染的叮咬 10076911 infected bite AE This is an AE which is a closed infected sac , having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 受感染的囊肿 10058015 infected cyst AE This is an AE which has been widely documented in marine mammals and may cause morbidity and mortality at levels that result in population level effects. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27667806/ 原生动物的感染 10021859 infection protozoal AE This is an AE which is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce such as via vaccinee. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 通过接种疫苗感染 10021875 infection via vaccinee AE This is an AE which is an infection usually caused by the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infectious_mononucleosis 传染性单核细胞增多 10021914 infectious mononucleosis AE This is an AE which is the inflammation with infective of the fluid-filled sheath (called the synovium) that surrounds a tendon, typically leading to joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tenosynovitis 感染性腱鞘炎 10057619 infective tenosynovitis AE This is an AE which refers a member of polyomaviridae family, has been described as a cause of the progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and it is a potentially fatal, disabling demyelinating infection of the brain occurring mostly in the setting of immunosuppression. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31142409/ jc病毒感染 10023163 jc virus infection AE This is an AE which is a genus of pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria that includes the species L. pneumophila, causing legionellosis (all illnesses caused by Legionella) including a pneumonia-type illness called Legionnaires' disease and a mild flu-like illness called Pontiac fever. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Legionella 军团菌感染 10061266 legionella infection AE This is an AE which is an atypical mycobacterial infection, i.e. one with nontuberculous mycobacteria or NTM, caused by Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), which is made of two Mycobacterium species, M. avium and M. intracellulare. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mycobacterium_avium-intracellulare_infection 禽分枝杆菌复合感染 10058806 mycobacterium avium complex infection AE This is an AE which occur after traumatic injuries, minor skin lesions, nonpenetrating injuries, natural childbirth, and in postsurgical and immunocompromised patients. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33303335/ 软组织坏死感染 10076637 necrotising soft tissue infection AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by large genus of bacteria that colonize the mucosal surfaces of many animals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neisseria 奈瑟氏菌属感染 10062212 neisseria infection AE This is an AE which is associated with high mortality and morbidity and is transmitted by direct and indirect contact. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22071827/ 新生儿念珠菌感染 10028924 neonatal candida infection AE This is an AE which is infections of the neonate (newborn) acquired during prenatal development or in the first four weeks of life (neonatal period). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_infection 新生儿感染 10061308 neonatal infection AE This is an AE which is inflammation with noninfective of the outermost layer of the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Conjunctivitis 非感染性结膜炎 10074701 noninfective conjunctivitis AE This is an AE which is a non-destructive and noninfective disease that causes inflammation of the gums. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gingivitis 非感染性牙龈炎 10074863 noninfective gingivitis AE This is an AE which is serologically cross-reactive and cross-protective, and after the cessation of smallpox vaccination, CPXV and other OPV infections represent an emerging threat to human health. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21453121/ 正痘病毒感染 10069586 orthopox virus infection AE This is an AE which is involved in both juvenile and adult laryngeal papilloma. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23273988/ 乳头状瘤病毒感染 10061331 papilloma viral infection AE This is an AE which is a common cause of seasonal upper respiratory tract infections in children and adults. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12603206/ 副流感嗜血杆菌病毒感染 10061907 parainfluenzae virus infection AE This is an AE which is an important emerging infection in young infants, able to cause sepsis-like disease and meningoencephalitis, especially in newborns. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32656569/ 甲状病毒感染 10071449 parechovirus infection AE This is an AE which may cause significant fetal damage, and in rare cases, brain anomalies and neurodevelopmental insults, especially if infection occurs in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28398685/ 细小病毒b19感染 10034099 parvovirus b19 infection AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by viruses have linear, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genomes that typically contain two genes encoding for a replication initiator protein, called NS1, and the protein the viral capsid is made of. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Parvoviridae 细小病毒感染 10057343 parvovirus infection AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by species of parasitic protozoa that causes tertian malaria in humans. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Plasmodium_ovale 卵圆形疟原虫感染 10035502 plasmodium ovale infection AE This is an AE which is one of the most common causes of acute glomerulonephritis in children. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28891413/ 感染后肾炎 10074480 post infection glomerulonephritis AE This is an AE which is the invasion of post procedural tissue by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 手术后感染 10067268 post procedural infection AE This is an AE which is considered surgical site infection. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28790284/ 术后伤口感染 10036410 postoperative wound infection AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by a gram-positive, anaerobic, rod-shaped genus of bacteria . QY, JX, HY 丙酸杆菌感染 10051946 propionibacterium infection AE This is an AE which is a genus of Gram-negative Proteobacteria caused infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Proteus_(bacterium) 变形杆菌感染 10061470 proteus infection AE This is an AE which is the invasion of puncture site tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 穿刺部位感染 10063677 puncture site infection AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by a type of virus that inserts a copy of its RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell that it invades, thus changing the genome of that cell. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Retrovirus 逆转录病毒感染 10061493 retroviral infection AE This is an AE which is a leading cause of severe, dehydrating gastroenteritis in children <5 years of age. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29119972/ 轮状病毒感染 10067470 rotavirus infection AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by the species of rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacteria in the family Yersiniaceae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Serratia_marcescens 沙雷氏菌感染 10061512 serratia infection AE This is an AE which is a severe invasive infection caused by genus of gram-positive coccus (plural cocci) or spherical bacteria that belongs to the family Streptococcaceae, within the order Lactobacillales (lactic acid bacteria), in the phylum Firmicutes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus 严重侵袭性链球菌感染 10072839 severe invasive streptococcal infection AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by a strictly aerobic Gram-negative bacterium that has a single polar flagellum with slow motility. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sphingomonas_paucimobilis 鞘氨醇单胞菌感染 10069639 sphingomonas paucimobilis infection AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by that contains distinctive diderm (double-membrane) gram-negative bacteria, most of which have long, helically coiled (corkscrew-shaped or spiraled) cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spirochaete 螺旋体感染 10061370 spirochaetal infection AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by a genus of Gram-negative bacteria,comprising at least ten species. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stenotrophomonas 狭养单胞菌感染 10054138 stenotrophomonas infection AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by a genus of gram-positive coccus (plural cocci) or spherical bacteria that belongs to the family Streptococcaceae, within the order Lactobacillales (lactic acid bacteria), in the phylum Firmicutes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus 链球菌感染 10061372 streptococcal infection AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by small tubular structures of the skin that produce sweat. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sweat_gland 汗腺感染 10055027 sweat gland infection AE This is an AE which is the invasion of an systemic body tissues by disease-causing agents such as bacterial, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 全身细菌感染 10078415 systemic bacterial infection AE This is an AE which occurs in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, but data in children receiving chemotherapy for acute leukemia are scarce. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32918533/ 全身病毒感染 10078452 systemic viral infection AE This is an AE which is a fungal infection of the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatophytosis 癣感染 10060889 tinea infection AE This is an AE which is a case of illness in which a vaccinated individual becomes sick from the same illness that the vaccine is meant to prevent. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Breakthrough_infection 疫苗突破感染 10067923 vaccine breakthrough infection AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by a large, complex, enveloped virus belonging to the poxvirus family. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vaccinia 痘苗病毒感染 10046865 vaccinia virus infection AE This is an AE which causes varicella (chickenpox), which can be severe in immunocompromised individuals, infants and adults. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27188665/ 水痘带状疱疹病毒感染 10075611 varicella zoster virus infection AE This is an AE which is the major route of HCV infection in children. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26350018/ 垂直感染传播 10047337 vertical infection transmission AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by a single-stranded RNA virus that causes West Nile fever. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/West_Nile_virus 西尼罗河病毒感染 10057293 west nile viral infection AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by a genus of bacteria in the family Yersiniaceae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Yersinia 耶尔森氏菌感染 10061416 yersinia infection AE This is an AE which is an infection aggregation of macrophages that forms in response to chronic inflammation with septic on infantile . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Granuloma 小儿感染性肉芽肿病 10048708 infantile septic granulomatosis AE This is an AE which is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning and is severe. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_disability#Terminology 严重侵袭性链球菌感染 10040443 severe mental retardation AE This is an AE which refers a result of severe infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Shock 休克 10040560 shock AE This is an AE which is a viral infection of the skin that results in small raised pink lesions with a dimple in the center. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Molluscum_contagiosum 接触传染性软疣 10027807 molluscum contagiosum AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection involving the inner layers of the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cellulitis 蜂窝织炎 10007882 cellulitis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of eye tissues behind the orbital septum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Orbital_cellulitis 眼眶蜂窝织炎 10007918 cellulitis orbital AE This is an AE which describes an uncomplicated inflammation of the dermis and hypodermis from a noninfectious etiology. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32301203/ 假性蜂窝织炎 10074969 pseudocellulitis AE This is an AE which is characterized as a disruption to the microbiota homeostasis caused by an imbalance in the microflora, changes in their functional composition and metabolic activities, or a shift in their local distribution. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysbiosis 菌群失调 10064389 dysbacteriosis AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection most commonly caused by Listeria monocytogenes,although L. ivanovii and L. grayi have been reported in certain cases. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Listeriosis 李氏杆菌病 10024641 listeriosis AE This is an AE which is a serious fungal infection, usually in people who are immunocompromised. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mucormycosis 毛霉菌病 10028098 mucormycosis AE This is an AE which is an infectious disease affecting either the lungs (pulmonary nocardiosis) or the whole body (systemic nocardiosis). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nocardiosis 诺卡氏菌病 10029444 nocardiosis AE This is an AE which is a mammalian fungal disease caused by Coccidioides immitis or Coccidioides posadasii. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Coccidioidomycosis 球孢子菌病 10009825 coccidioidomycosis AE This is an AE which is a symptomatic infection caused by bacteria of the Salmonella type. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Salmonellosis 沙门氏菌病 10039447 salmonellosis AE This is an AE which is localized redness, heat, swelling and pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 细菌性疾病载体 10004017 bacterial disease carrier AE This is an AE which is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mycosis_fungoides 蕈样真菌病 10028483 mycosis fungoides AE This is an AE which is a potentially fatal fungal infection of mainly the lungs, presenting as a pneumonia, and brain, where it appears as a meningitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cryptococcosis 隐球菌病 10011490 cryptococcosis AE This is an AE which is disease caused by fungi. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fungal_infection 真菌疾病载体 10080548 fungal disease carrier AE This is an AE which remains a rare disease occurring mostly in patients with predisposing host conditions. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24126720/ 真菌性心内膜炎 10017529 fungal endocarditis AE This is an AE which is a fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Histoplasmosis 组织胞浆菌病 10020141 histoplasmosis AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of the uvea, the pigmented layer that lies between the inner retina and the outer fibrous layer composed of the sclera and cornea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Uveitis 病毒性葡萄膜炎 10071005 viral uveitis AE This is an AE which is an infectious disease caused by one of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Smallpox 天花 10041197 smallpox AE This is an AE which is a infection caused by a cytolytic Coxsackievirus of the Picornaviridae family, an enterovirus (a group containing the polioviruses, coxsackieviruses, and echoviruses). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Coxsackie_A_virus 柯萨基病毒感染 10011261 coxsackie viral infection AE This is an AE which causes clinically significant illness during acute and recurrent infection accompanied by robust innate and acquired immune responses. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30247598/ 播散性水痘带状疱疹疫苗病毒感染 10076667 disseminated varicella zoster vaccine virus infection AE This is an AE which causes clinically significant illness during acute and recurrent infection accompanied by robust innate and acquired immune responses. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30247598/ 播散性水痘带状疱疹病毒感染 10084396 disseminated varicella zoster virus infection AE This is an AE which is acute febrile tick-borne infectious diseases caused by members from the genera Ehrlichia and Anaplasma. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28457353/ 人埃利希体病 10020429 human ehrlichiosis AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by any of the amoebae of the Entamoeba genus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amoebiasis 阿米巴疾病 10001980 amoebiasis AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by any of the amoebae of the Entamoeba genus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amoebiasis 阿米巴痢疾 10001986 amoebic dysentery AE This is an AE which is a viral hemorrhagic fever in humans and other primates, caused by ebolaviruses. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ebola 埃博拉病 10014071 ebola disease AE This is an AE which is a malaria-like parasitic disease caused by infection with a eukaryotic parasite in the order Piroplasmida, typically a Babesia or Theileria, in the phylum Apicomplexa. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Babesiosis 巴贝西虫病 10003965 babesiosis AE This is an AE which is an infectious disease produced by bacteria of the genus Bartonella. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bartonellosis 巴尔通体病 10004145 bartonellosis AE This is an AE which is a food-borne parasitic infection caused by the lung fluke, most commonly Paragonimus westermani. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paragonimiasis 并殖吸虫病 10033794 paragonimiasis AE This is an AE which was a mysterious and contagious disease that struck England and later continental Europe in a series of epidemics beginning in 1485. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sweating_sickness 出汗发热 10042666 sweating fever AE This is an AE which is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dengue_fever 登革热 10012310 dengue fever AE This is an AE which is an infectious disease caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Trichomoniasis 滴虫病 10044620 trichomoniasis AE This is an AE which is a disease caused by infection with Coxiella burnetii, a bacterium that affects humans and other animals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Q_fever 发烧 10037688 q fever AE This is an AE which is an insect-borne parasitic infection of humans and other animals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/African_trypanosomiasis 非洲锥虫病 10001461 african trypanosomiasis AE This is an AE which is a blood infection caused by the bacteria Leptospira. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Leptospirosis 钩端螺旋体病 10024238 leptospirosis AE This is an AE which is a vector-borne disease caused by infection with certain bacteria in the genus Borrelia, which is transmitted through the bites of lice or soft-bodied ticks (genus Ornithodoros). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Relapsing_fever 回归热 10038300 relapsing fever AE This is an AE which is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cholera 霍乱 10008631 cholera AE This is an AE which is a near-cosmopolitan zoonosis caused by adult or larval stages of cestodes belonging to the genus Echinococcus (family Taeniidae). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14575976/ 棘球虫幼病，包虫病 10014096 echinococciasis AE This is an AE which is a tick-borne viral haemorrhagic fever endemic to South-western part of India. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kyasanur_Forest_disease 夸赛纳森林病 10023505 kyasanur forest disease AE This is an AE which can cause an indolent cellulitis, more commonly in individuals who handle fish and raw meat. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erysipeloid 类丹毒 10015146 erysipeloid AE This is an AE which is a human parasitic disease caused by the nematode called Strongyloides stercoralis, or sometimes the closely related S. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Strongyloidiasis 类圆线虫病 10042254 strongyloidiasis AE This is an AE which is a disease caused by intracellular bacteria. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rickettsiosis 立克次体病 10061495 rickettsiosis AE This is an AE which is a viral disease of humans and livestock that can cause mild to severe symptoms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rift_Valley_fever 裂谷热 10039143 rift valley fever AE This is an AE which is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gonorrhea 淋病 10018612 gonorrhoea AE This is an AE which is an infectious disease that most often results from a scratch or bite of a cat. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cat-scratch_disease 猫抓热 10007729 cat scratch disease AE This is an AE which is a tropical parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chagas_disease 美洲锥虫病 10001935 american trypanosomiasis AE This is an AE which is a rickettsial disease of sheep and cattle characterised by high fever and severe leucopaenia. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6349107/ 蜱传热 10043841 tick-borne fever AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection that produces tissue gas in gangrene. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gas_gangrene 气性坏疽 10017737 gas gangrene AE This is an AE which is when a person is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but does not have active tuberculosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Latent_tuberculosis 潜伏性结核 10065048 latent tuberculosis AE This is an AE which is a variety of influenza caused by viruses adapted to birds. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Avian_influenza 禽流感 10064097 avian influenza AE This is an AE which is a tick-borne, infectious disease caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, an obligate intracellular bacterium that is typically transmitted to humans by ticks of the Ixodes ricinus species complex, including Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus in North America. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Human_granulocytic_anaplasmosis 人类边虫病 10071038 human anaplasmosis AE This is an AE which caused by avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV-1) viruses, is included in List A of the Office International des Epizooties. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10935273/ 新城疫 10029393 newcastle disease AE This is an AE which is a disease resulting from a group A streptococcus (group A strep) infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Scarlet_fever 猩红热 10039587 scarlet fever AE This is an AE which is a form of typhus caused by the intracellular parasite Orientia tsutsugamushi, a Gram-negative α-proteobacterium of family Rickettsiaceae first isolated and identified in 1930 in Japan. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Scrub_typhus 恙虫病 10039766 scrub typhus AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by any one of several types of swine influenza viruses. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swine_influenza 猪流感 10069500 swine influenza AE This is an AE which is an infestation of lice (blood-feeding ectoparasitic insects of the order Phthiraptera). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pediculosis 虱病 10024424 lice infestation AE QY, JX, HY 感染再激活 10070891 infection reactivation AE This is an AE which is damage to the body internal tissue caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 内部损伤 10061245 internal injury AE This is an AE which results from damage, wear, or trauma to the bones, muscles, or other tissues of the back. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Back_injury 背部损伤 10003986 back injury AE This is an AE which is damage to the bursa caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 囊损伤 10057602 bursa injury AE This is an AE which is two rounded portions of the exterior anatomy of most mammals, located on the posterior of the pelvic region and is injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Buttocks 臀部损伤 10078480 buttock injury AE This is an AE which is a resilient and smooth elastic tissue but is injury, rubber-like padding that covers and protects the ends of long bones at the joints and nerves, and is a structural component of the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the bronchial tubes, the intervertebral discs, and many other body components. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cartilage 软骨损伤 10007710 cartilage injury AE This is an AE which comprises nonfreezing injuries that include chilblain (aka pernio) and trench, or immersion, foot, as well as freezing injuries that affect core body tissues resulting in hypothermia of peripheral tissues, causing frostnip or frostbite. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19056919/ 冷暴露损伤 10009856 cold exposure injury AE This is an AE which is injury by an object that causes compression of the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Crush_injury 挤压伤 10061097 crush injury AE This is an AE which is injury on the consist of the mucosal tissue that lies over the mandible and maxilla inside the mouth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gums 牙龈损伤 10049300 gingival injury AE This is an AE which is a preventable adverse effect of care ("iatrogenesis"), whether or not it is evident or harmful to the patient. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Medical_error 医源性损伤 10061213 iatrogenic injury AE This is an AE which is injury lies on between adjacent vertebrae in the vertebral column. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intervertebral_disc 椎间盘损伤 10055040 intervertebral disc injury AE This is an AE which is injury on the connection made between bones in the body which link the skeletal system into a functional whole. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Joint 关节损伤 10060820 joint injury AE This is an AE which is injury on the fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ligament 韧带损伤 10061223 ligament injury AE This is an AE which is injury on a visible body part at the mouth of many animals, including humans. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lip 嘴唇受伤 10055082 lip injury AE This is an AE which is injury on crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure that partly divides a joint cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meniscus 半月板损伤 10072970 meniscus injury AE This is an AE which refers to damage of muscular or skeletal systems, which is usually due to a strenuous activity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Musculoskeletal_injury 肌肉骨骼损伤 10073713 musculoskeletal injury AE This is an AE which is a common source of pain and has a great deal of functionality but is also subject to a lot of stress. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neck#Clinical_significance 脖子受伤 10062211 neck injury AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which the kidneys are functioning at less than 15% of normal levels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failure 肾损伤,肾衰竭 10061481 renal injury AE This is an AE which plays a key role in deterioration of renal function in both chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29550485/ 肾小管损伤 10078933 renal tubular injury AE This is an AE which is an injury to part of the musculoskeletal or nervous system caused by repetitive use, vibrations, compression or long periods in a fixed position. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Repetitive_strain_injury 重复性劳损 10038584 repetitive strain injury AE This is an AE which is injury on a structural frame that supports an animal body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skeleton 骨骼损伤 10061363 skeletal injury AE This is an AE which is damage to the spinal cord that causes temporary or permanent changes in its function. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spinal_cord_injury 脊柱损伤 10069689 spinal column injury AE This is an AE which is injuries that occur during sport, athletic activities, or exercising. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sports_injury 运动损伤 10041738 sports injury AE This is an AE which is injury on a tough, high-tensile-strength band of dense fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tendon 肌腱损伤 10043242 tendon injury AE This is an AE which is injury on a muscular organ in the mouth of a typical vertebrate. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tongue 舌头受伤 10059924 tongue injury AE This is an AE which refers to trauma (injury) to the teeth and/or periodontium (gums, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone), and nearby soft tissues such as the lips, tongue, etc. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dental_trauma 牙齿损伤 10044043 tooth injury AE This is an AE which is a non-medical term describing a range of injuries to the neck caused by or related to a sudden distortion of the neck associated with extension, although the exact injury mechanisms remain unknown. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Whiplash_(medicine) 挥鞭伤 10047929 whiplash injury AE This is an AE which occurs when living tissue is exposed to a corrosive substance (such as a strong acid, base or oxidizer) or a cytotoxic agent (such as mustard gas, lewisite or arsine). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chemical_burn 化学烧伤 10008420 chemical burn AE This is an AE which refers macrophages present dysfunctional efferocytosis and abnormal phenotypes, which could result in excessive neutrophil accumulation and prolonged inflammation, thereby eventually hindering wound repair. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32856346/ 糖尿病伤口 10081558 diabetic wound AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of wound tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants, and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 伤口炎症 10054923 inflammation of wound AE This is an AE which is a type of injury which happens relatively quickly in which skin is torn, cut, or punctured (an open wound). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Wound#Open 开放性伤口 10058834 open wound AE This is an AE which is those wounds acquired during surgical procedures. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Postoperative_wounds 术后伤口并发症 10061468 postoperative wound complication AE This is an AE which refers associating anterograde amnesia persisting for fifteen years, with temporal disorientation, false recognitions, initially intense transitory confabulation and secondarily bursts of confabulation, intact remote memory and persistence of old learnings. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11865559/ 创伤后癫痫 10036309 post-traumatic amnestic disorder AE This is an AE which is a form of acquired epilepsy that results from brain damage caused by physical trauma to the brain (traumatic brain injury, abbreviated TBI). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Post-traumatic_epilepsy 颈部创伤后综合症 10036312 post-traumatic epilepsy AE This is an AE which is a rare disorder occured on post-traumatic that is associated with neck pain and tingling/numbness of the tongue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neck-tongue_syndrome 创伤后疼痛 10071366 post-traumatic neck syndrome AE This is an AE which is a distressing feeling on the post-traumatic often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 创伤后压力心理障碍症 10065016 post-traumatic pain AE This is an AE which is a mental and behavioral disorder that can develop because of exposure to a traumatic event, such as sexual assault, warfare, traffic collisions, child abuse, domestic violence or other threats on a person's life. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Post-traumatic_stress_disorder 创伤后精神失调 10036316 post-traumatic stress disorder AE This is an AE which is a type of injury which happens relatively quickly in which skin is torn, cut, where blunt force trauma causes a contusion (a closed wound). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Wound#Closure 闭合性伤口 10057679 wound closure AE This is an AE which usually resulting from accidental injury; there are pathogenic organisms and foreign bodies in the wound. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Wound 伤口污染 10068796 wound contamination AE This is an AE which is a localized wound bleeding outside of blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 伤口血肿 10071504 wound hematoma AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged wound haemorrhage blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 伤口出血 10051373 wound hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a form of cell injury which results in the premature death of cells in living tissue by autolysis occured on the wound. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Necrosis 伤口坏死 10053716 wound necrosis AE This is an AE which is a type of application site injury which happens relatively quickly in which skin is torn, cut, or punctured (an open wound), or where blunt force trauma causes a contusion (a closed wound) . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Wound 用药部位有伤口 10078380 application site wound AE This is an AE which is a small pocket of body fluid (lymph, serum, plasma, blood, or pus) within the upper layers of the skin, usually caused by forceful rubbing (friction), burning, freezing, chemical exposure or infection and is rupture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blister 水泡破裂 10073385 blister rupture AE This is an AE which is a closed sac, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue and is rupture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 囊肿破裂 10061803 cyst rupture AE This is an AE which is a rare injury that occurs primarily during strength training. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33876275/ 肌肉破裂 10028331 muscle rupture AE This is an AE which is breakage of the amniotic sac before the onset of labor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Prelabor_rupture_of_membranes 膜破裂时间延长 10073027 prolonged rupture of membranes AE This is an AE which is a common complication of chronic knee arthritis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19390451/ 滑膜破裂 10042862 synovial rupture AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of tissue and is rupture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 肿瘤破裂 10070627 tumor rupture AE This is an AE which is a specific form of penetrating trauma to the skin that results from a knife or a similar pointed object. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stab_wound 刀伤 10041899 stab wound AE This is an AE which is a wound, usually a puncture or laceration, caused by the teeth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Animal_bite 动物咬伤 10002515 animal bite AE This is an AE which is a skin injury that occurs when exposed to extreme low temperatures, causing the freezing of the skin or other tissues, commonly affecting the fingers, toes, nose, ears, cheeks and chin areas. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Frostbite 冻伤 10017382 frostbite AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which damage occurs to capillary beds in the skin, most often in the hands or feet, when blood perfuses into the nearby tissue resulting in redness, itching, inflammation, and possibly blisters. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chilblains 冻疮 10008528 chillblains AE This is an AE which is substances that can cause death, injury or harm to organs, tissues, cells, and DNA usually by chemical reactions , when an organism is exposed to a sufficient quantity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Poison 化学中毒 10008428 chemical poisoning AE This is an AE which is a mark of abrasion on a surface. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Scratch 划痕 10039737 scratch AE This is an AE which is a slough or piece of dead tissue that is cast off from the surface of the skin, particularly after a burn injury, but also seen in gangrene, ulcer, fungal infections, necrotizing spider bite wounds, tick bites associated with spotted fevers and exposure to cutaneous anthrax. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eschar 焦痂 10051814 eschar AE This is an AE which is the toxic effect of certain metals in certain forms and doses on life. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Metal_toxicity 金属中毒 10027439 metal poisoning AE This is an AE which is the negative behavior and physical effects caused by a recent consumption of alcohol. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_intoxication 酒精中毒 10001605 alcohol poisoning AE This is an AE which refers irregular tear-like wounds caused by some blunt trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Laceration 撕裂伤 10023572 laceration AE This is an AE which is physical damage to body tissues caused by a difference in pressure between a gas space inside, or in contact with, the body, and the surrounding gas or fluid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Barotrauma 气压伤 10061688 barotrauma AE This is an AE which is a sensation that causes the desire or reflex to scratch scar. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Itch 伤疤瘙痒 10050818 itching scar AE This is an AE which prior to lenvatinib administration prevented hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32782972/ 分流闭塞 10040621 shunt occlusion AE This is an AE which is a type of hematoma of administration site tissue, the most common cause being capillaries damaged by trauma, causing localized bleeding that extravasates into the surrounding interstitial tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bruise 给药部位擦伤 10075094 administration site bruise AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection involving the inner layers of the administration site skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cellulitis 给药部位蜂窝织炎 10075095 administration site cellulitis AE This is an AE which is redness of the administration site skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 给药部位红斑 10074796 administration site erythema AE This is an AE which is a localized bleeding such as administration site outside of blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 给药部位血肿 10075100 administration site hematoma AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels on the administration site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 给药部位出血 10075101 administration site hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a common side effect of various medical conditions which manifests as a reduced sense of touch or sensation, or a partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli on the administration site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoesthesia 给药部位感觉触觉减退 10075938 administration site hypoesthesia AE This is an AE which is dermal thickening on the administration site causing the cutaneous surface to feel thicker and firmer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition#Secondary_lesions 给药部位硬化 10075939 administration site induration AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of administration site tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants, and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 给药部位炎症 10074704 administration site inflammation AE This is an AE which is a administration site state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell-lining damage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irritation 给药部位刺激 10075941 administration site irritation AE This is an AE which is a administration site joint distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 给药部位关节疼痛 10075948 administration site joint pain AE This is an AE which is a form of cell injury which results in the premature death of cells in administration site tissue by autolysis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Necrosis 给药部位坏死 10075956 administration site necrosis AE This is an AE which is injury to administration site nervous tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nerve_injury 给药部位神经损伤 10075957 administration site nerve damage AE This is an AE which refers a small aggregation of cells on the administration site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nodule 给药部位结节 10075765 administration site nodule AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the administration site tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 给药部位水肿 10075104 administration site edema AE This is an AE which is a administration site distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 给药部位疼痛 10058049 administration site pain AE This is an AE which is a administration site sensation that causes the desire or reflex to scratch. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Itch 给药部位瘙痒 10075106 administration site pruritus AE This is an AE which is a change of the administration site skin which affects its color, appearance, or texture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rash 给药部位皮疹 10071156 administration site rash AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of administration site not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 给药部位肿胀 10075107 administration site swelling AE This is an AE which is membrane-bound extracellular vesicles (EVs) on the administration site that are produced in the endosomal compartment of most eukaryotic cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exosome_(vesicle) 给药部位起小囊泡 10075970 administration site vesicles AE This is an AE which refers a somewhat high temperature on the administration site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Warm 给药部位发热 10075971 administration site warmth AE This is an AE which refers a pustule is a small elevation of the application site skin containing cloudy or purulent material (pus) usually consisting of necrotic inflammatory cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition#Nodule 用药部位长脓疱 10049144 application site pustules AE This is an AE which refers a hard coating on the application site skin formed during the wound healing reconstruction phase. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Scab 用药部位结痂 10066209 application site scab AE This is an AE which is an area of fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin after an injury such as application site scar. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Scar 用药部位留下疤痕 10059008 application site scar AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of application site not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 用药部位肿胀 10053424 application site swelling AE This is an AE which is membrane-bound extracellular vesicles (EVs) on the application site that are produced in the endosomal compartment of most eukaryotic cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exosome_(vesicle) 用药部位起水泡 10048941 application site vesicles AE This is an AE which refers a somewhat high temperature on application site . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Warm 用药部位发热 10003060 application site warmth AE This is an AE which is redness of the catheter site skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 导管部位红斑 10052264 catheter site erythema AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels on catheter site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 导管部位出血 10051099 catheter site hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a distressing feeling on catheter site often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 导管部位疼痛 10052268 catheter site pain AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of implant site not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 植入部位肿胀 10063867 implant site swelling AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection involving the inner layers of the incision site skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cellulitis 切口部位蜂窝织炎 10064109 incision site cellulitis AE This is an AE which refers the emission or secretion of fluid containing mucus and pus on incision site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Discharge 切口部位分泌物 10082296 incision site discharge AE This is an AE which is redness of the incision site skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 切口部位红斑 10065615 incision site erythema AE This is an AE which is a distressing feeling on incision site often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 切口部位疼痛 10058043 incision site pain AE This is an AE which is a incision site sensation that causes the desire or reflex to scratch. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Itch 切口部位瘙痒 10059386 incision site pruritus AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of incision site not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 切口部位肿胀 10074758 incision site swelling AE This is an AE which is redness of the puncture site skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 穿刺部位红斑 10074759 puncture site erythema AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels on puncture site . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 穿刺部位出血 10051101 puncture site hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is dermal thickening on puncture site causing the cutaneous surface to feel thicker and firmer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition#Secondary_lesions 穿刺部位硬结 10067681 puncture site induration AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels on post procedural. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 手术后出血 10051077 post procedural hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a postoperative medical condition in which the kidneys are functioning at less than 15% of normal levels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failure 手术后肾功能衰竭 10056675 postoperative renal failure AE This is an AE which is a localized bleeding outside of blood vessels, due topost procedural and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 手术后血肿 10063188 post procedural hematoma AE This is an AE which is a post procedural medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain causes cell death. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stroke 手术后中风 10066591 post procedural stroke AE This is an AE which is an unfavorable result of a disease, health condition, or post procedural. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Complication_(medicine) 术后并发症 10058046 post procedural complication AE This is an AE which is a type of fistula occured on post procedural in which bile flows along an abnormal connection from the bile ducts into nearby hollow structure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Biliary_fistula 术后胆漏 10057586 post procedural bile leak AE This is an AE which is an abnormal connection between two hollow spaces (technically, two epithelialized surfaces) on post procedural, such as blood vessels, intestines, or other hollow organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fistula 术后瘘管 10061489 post procedural fistula AE This is an AE which is the excitatory ability that living organisms have to respond postvaccinal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irritability 接种后易怒 10057224 irritability postvaccinal AE This is an AE which is an acute vigorous local inflammatory reaction following vaccination. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29796310/ 接种疫苗的肢体广泛肿胀 10065106 extensive swelling of vaccinated limb AE This is an AE which is procedural condition of blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 手术性出血 10071229 procedural hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is often underestimated and neglected because of various myths, beliefs, and difficulties in its evaluation and treatment. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30486427/ 手术性疼痛 10064882 procedural pain AE This is an AE which is the symptom of pain in the face, head, or neck and is procedural . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Headache 手术性头痛 10066965 procedural headache AE This is an AE which is an imprecise term that can refer to a sense of disorientation in space, vertigo, or lightheadedness and is procedural . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dizziness 手术性眩晕 10066964 procedural dizziness AE This is an AE which is a transient hyperthyroidism caused by inflammation associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis disturbing the thyroid follicles, resulting in excess release of thyroid hormone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hashitoxicosis 积霉菌病 10067873 hashitoxicosis AE This is an AE which is an aids related unfavorable result of a disease, health condition, or treatment . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Complication_(medicine) 艾滋病相关并发症 10061624 aids related complication AE This is an AE which is defined by an operative report confirming malfunction within 72 h of neuroimaging. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31955215/ 分流故障 10062243 shunt malfunction AE This is an AE which is the stream of consciousness that detaches from current, external tasks when attention drifts to a more personal and internal direction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Daydream 做白日梦 10057315 daydreaming AE This is an AE which is a change in the action or side effects of a drug caused by concomitant administration with a food, beverage, supplement, or another drug. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Drug_interaction 药物相互作用 10064381 drug-disease interaction AE This is an AE which is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sepsis 给予额外剂量 10064366 extra dose administered AE This is an AE which is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sepsis 导管脓毒症 10053212 catheter sepsis AE This is an AE which is an extra administration of a vaccine after an earlier (primer) dose but it is missed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Booster_dose 辅助剂量漏掉 10073205 booster dose missed AE This is an AE which is a staining method used to detect polysaccharides such as glycogen, and mucosubstances such as glycoproteins, glycolipids and mucins in tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Periodic_acid%E2%80%93Schiff_stain 周期性酸性席夫染色 10076035 periodic acid schiff stain AE This is an AE which is any of various types of abnormal growth or development of cells (microscopic scale) and/or organs (macroscopic scale), and/or the abnormal histology or anatomical structure presumably resulting from such growth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysplasia 高色素沉着 10050808 hyperchromasia AE This is an AE which can refer to any type of incorrect perfusion though it usually refers to hypoperfusion. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Perfusion#Malperfusion 低灌注 10058558 hypoperfusion AE This is an AE which may refer to the surgical removal of any part or organ, roughly synonymous to excision. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exeresis 切除术 10050079 exeresis AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the puncture site . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 穿刺部位水肿 10074069 puncture site edema AE This is an AE which is a distressing feeling on puncture site often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 穿刺部位疼痛 10065599 puncture site pain AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of puncture site not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 穿刺部位肿胀 10072161 puncture site swelling AE This is an AE which is redness of the stoma site skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 造口部位红斑 10074514 stoma site erythema AE This is an AE which is redness of the vessel puncture site skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 血管穿刺部位红斑 10074760 vessel puncture site erythema AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels on vessel puncture site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 血管穿刺部位出血 10054092 vessel puncture site hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is an suture related unfavorable result of a disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Complication_(medicine) 缝合相关并发症 10059059 suture related complication AE This is an AE which is the medical term for using a machine called a ventilator to fully or partially provide artificial ventilation and it appears an unfavorable result of a disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_ventilation 机械通气并发症 10066821 mechanical ventilation complication AE This is an AE which is an anaesthetic unfavorable result of a disease, health condition, or treatment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Complication_(medicine) 麻醉并发症 10060938 anaesthetic complication AE This is an AE which is among the most devastating consequences of gastrointestinal surgery. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32524361/ 吻合口并发症 10058059 anastomotic complication AE This is an AE which is a delayed adverse reaction to a blood transfusion or platelet transfusion that occurs when the body has produced alloantibodies to the allogeneic transfused platelets' antigens. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Post-transfusion_purpura 输血后紫癜 10072265 post transfusion purpura AE This is an AE which is a wheel and flare reaction occurring within 30 to 60 minutes after skin and mucosal contact. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3066278/ 接触性荨麻疹 10046742 urticaria contact AE This is an AE which is a way to detect irritated nerves. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tinel%27s_sign tinel特征 10052492 tinel's sign AE This is an AE which is a series of radiographs used to examine the gastrointestinal tract for abnormalities. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Upper_gastrointestinal_series 钡餐 10004124 barium swallow AE This is an AE which is a infestation of insects from the genus Cimex that feed on human blood, usually at night. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bed_bug 床臭虫侵染 10004194 bed bug infestation AE This is an AE which is defined as sudden onset of poor muscle tone, reduced consciousness, and pale or bluish skin occurring within 48 hours after vaccination, most commonly pertussis vaccination. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypotonic-hyporesponsive_episode 低反应性发作 10021121 hypotonic-hyporesponsive episode AE This is an AE which is a type of severe reaction that occurs in response to particular medications used during general anesthesia, among those who are susceptible. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Malignant_hyperthermia 恶性高热 10020844 hyperthermia malignant AE This is an AE which is one of the adverse effects related to treatment with bimatoprost. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19857110/ 盖沟加深 10072716 lid sulcus deepened AE This is an AE which is a system to assess the severity of coma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Coma_scale 昏迷评分 10069708 coma scale AE This is an AE which is a condition that serves as a reason not to take a certain medical treatment due to the harm that it would cause the patient. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Contraindication 禁忌症 10010833 contraindication to medical treatment AE This is an AE which is a technique for noninvasive stimulation of the human brain. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17640522/ 经颅磁刺激 10051505 transcranial magnetic stimulation AE This is an AE which is a temporary means of pacing a patient's heart during a medical emergency. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Transcutaneous_pacing 经皮起搏 10083519 transcutaneous pacing AE This is an AE which is a test used in physical examination to look for evidence of irritation of the meninges. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kernig%27s_sign 克尼格氏征 10056294 kernig's sign AE This is an AE which is a form of viral shedding following a viral infection caused by a statistically insignificant number[citation needed] of administrations of attenuated (or "live virus") vaccines, which is a specific vaccine technology that uses an attenuated form of a live virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vaccine_shedding 疫苗病毒脱落 10070583 vaccine virus shedding AE This is an AE which describes a transient sensation of an electric shock extending down the spine and/or extremities upon flexion of the neck, often a sequela of neurologic disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29630289/ Lhermitte征 10049690 lhermitte's sign AE QY, JX, HY 给药部位关节运动障碍 10075947 administration site joint movement impairment AE QY, JX, HY 给药部位运动障碍 10075955 administration site movement impairment AE QY, JX, HY 植入部位变色 10063874 implant site discoloration AE QY, JX, HY 接种后挑战菌株脱落 10081989 post vaccination challenge strain shedding AE QY, JX, HY 分流血流量过多 10066111 shunt blood flow excessive AE QY, JX, HY 药物戒断抽搐 10013752 drug withdrawal convulsions AE This is an AE which is an abnormal condition of the mind that results in difficulties determining what is real and what is not real and it is transient. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Psychosis 短暂的精神病 10056326 transient psychosis AE This is an AE which is a very specific syndrome in relation to seizure activity: a clear temporal relationship exists between the psychotic state of sudden onset and a precipitating bout of complex partial or generalized seizures, with a characteristic lucid interval which lasts from two to 120h. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19683323/ 发作后精神病 10070669 postictal psychosis AE This is an AE which is a behavioral disorder characterized by explosive outbursts of anger and/or violence, often to the point of rage, that are disproportionate to the situation at hand (e.g., impulsive shouting, screaming or excessive reprimanding triggered by relatively inconsequential events). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intermittent_explosive_disorder 间歇性暴发性精神障碍 10022568 intermittent explosive disorder AE This is an AE which is a mental and behavioral disorder, specifically a disorder primarily of mood, consisting of the same cognitive and physical problems as depression, but with longer-lasting symptoms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysthymia 精神抑郁症 10013982 dysthymic disorder AE This is an AE which is a form of psychosis that is attributed to substance use. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Substance-induced_psychosis 物质诱发的精神障碍 10072388 substance-induced psychotic disorder AE This is an AE which is a lipid-rich (fatty) substance that surrounds nerve cell axons (the nervous system's "wires") to insulate them and increase the rate at which electrical impulses (called action potentials) are passed along the axon. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myelin 髓鞘形成障碍 10067601 dysmyelination AE This is an AE which is a personality disorder characterized by a long-term pattern of unstable interpersonal relationships, distorted sense of self, and strong emotional reactions. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Borderline_personality_disorder 边缘型人格障碍 10006034 borderline personality disorder AE This is an AE which is a communication disorder in which there are difficulties with verbal and written expression. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Expressive_language_disorder 表达性语言障碍 10015715 expressive language disorder AE This is an AE which is a class of psychiatric disorders characterized by impulsivity – failure to resist a temptation, an urge, or an impulse; or having the inability to not speak on a thought. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Impulse-control_disorder 冲动控制障碍 10061215 impulse-control disorder AE This is an AE which is one of several chronic circadian rhythm sleep disorders (CRSDs). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Non-24-hour_sleep%E2%80%93wake_disorder 非24小时睡眠-觉醒障碍 10078086 non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder AE This is an AE which is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal thought processes and an unstable mood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Schizoaffective_disorder 分裂情感障碍 10039621 schizoaffective disorder AE This is an AE which is a mental and behavioural disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Schizotypal_personality_disorder 分裂型人格障碍 10039651 schizotypal personality disorder AE This is an AE which is a personality disorder characterized by a lack of interest in social relationships, a tendency toward a solitary or sheltered lifestyle, secretiveness, emotional coldness, detachment and apathy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Schizoid_personality_disorder 精神分裂样人格障碍 10039624 schizoid personality disorder AE This is an AE which is a condition in which multisensory input is not adequately processed in order to provide appropriate responses to the demands of the environment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sensory_processing_disorder 感觉处理障碍 10077516 sensory processing disorder AE This is an AE which is a condition in which multisensory input is not adequately processed in order to provide appropriate responses to the demands of the environment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sensory_processing_disorder 感觉统合功能障碍 10048871 sensory integrative dysfunction AE This is an AE which is the large posterior area of the human body, rising from the top of the buttocks to the back of the neck and its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Human_back 背部疾病 10003983 back disorder AE This is an AE which is a diagnostic category defining patients who have both anxiety and depressive symptoms of limited and equal intensity accompanied by at least some autonomic features. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mixed_anxiety%E2%80%93depressive_disorder 混合焦虑和抑郁障碍 10080836 mixed anxiety and depressive disorder AE This is an AE which is a communication disorder in which both the receptive and expressive areas of communication may be affected in any degree, from mild to severe. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mixed_receptive-expressive_language_disorder 混合接受-表达语言障碍 10027778 mixed receptive-expressive language disorder AE This is an AE which is a psychological response to a terrifying, traumatic, or surprising experience. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_stress_disorder 急性应激障碍 10001084 acute stress disorder AE This is an AE which is a disability resulting in difficulty learning or comprehending arithmetic, such as difficulty in understanding numbers, learning how to manipulate numbers, performing mathematical calculations and learning facts in mathematics. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dyscalculia 计算障碍 10049669 dyscalculia AE This is an AE which is any disease that has the connective tissues of the body as a target of pathology. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Connective_tissue_disease 胶原蛋白疾病 10009903 collagen disorder AE This is an AE which is a mental and behavioral disorder with anxiety, which is a maladaptive response to a psychosocial stressor that occurs when an individual has significant difficulty adjusting to or coping with a stressful psychosocial event. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adjustment_disorder 焦虑性适应障碍 10001296 adjustment disorder with anxiety AE This is an AE which is a cluster of mental disorders characterized by significant and uncontrollable feelings of anxiety and fear such that a person's social, occupational, and personal function are significantly impaired. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anxiety_disorder 焦虑性障碍 10057666 anxiety disorder AE This is an AE which is conditions that involve disruptions or breakdowns of memory, awareness, identity, or perception. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dissociative_disorder 解离性障碍 10013462 dissociative disorder AE This is an AE which is the process by which food is crushed and ground by teeth and the process becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chewing 咀嚼障碍 10026882 mastication disorder AE This is an AE which is a cluster C personality disorder marked by an excessive need for orderliness, neatness, and perfectionism. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Obsessive%E2%80%93compulsive_personality_disorder 强迫性人格障碍 10029901 obsessive-compulsive personality disorder AE This is an AE which is a group of conditions of mental and behavioral disorder where a disturbance in the person's mood is the main underlying feature. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mood_disorder 情感障碍 10001443 affective disorder AE This is an AE which refers to frequent and persistent detachment from bodily self and disengagement from the outside world. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32846163/ 人格解体/现实感丧失障碍 10077805 depersonalisation/derealisation disorder AE This is an AE which is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Color_blindness 色觉障碍 10013892 dyschromatopsia AE This is an AE which is a disorder where individuals have difficulties with verbal and nonverbal social communication. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Social_(pragmatic)_communication_disorder 社交沟通障碍 10078320 social (pragmatic) communication disorder AE This is an AE which is the most abundant type of granulocytes and make up 40% to 70% of all white blood cells in humans but it becomes function disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neutrophil 嗜中性粒细胞功能障碍 10061314 neutrophil function disorder AE This is an AE which is clinically associated with left ventricular failure in the presence of marked cardiomegaly, while diastolic dysfunction is accompanied by pulmonary congestion together with a normal or only slightly enlarged ventricle. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7713107/ 收缩功能障碍 10071436 systolic dysfunction AE This is an AE which is a mental disorder characterized by the obsessive idea that some aspect of one's own body part or appearance is severely flawed and therefore warrants exceptional measures to hide or fix it. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Body_dysmorphic_disorder 躯体变形障碍 10052793 body dysmorphic disorder AE This is an AE which is physical pain that is caused, increased, or prolonged by mental, emotional, or behavioral factors. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Psychogenic_pain 心因性疼痛障碍 10037198 psychogenic pain disorder AE This is an AE which is a condition in the brain that causes difficulties comprehending or processing information and can be caused by several different factors. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Learning_disability 学习能力障碍 10061265 learning disorder AE This is an AE which is a condition in the brain that causes difficulties comprehending or processing information and can be caused by several different factors. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Learning_disability 学习障碍 10024092 learning disability AE This is an AE which is a speech disorder in which some sounds (phonemes) are not produced or used correctly. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Speech_sound_disorder 言语声音障碍 10077803 speech sound disorder AE This is an AE which is disorders that involve the processing of linguistic information. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Language_disorder 语言障碍 10074869 language disorder AE This is an AE which is a condition in which a sufferer displays difficulty reading. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reading_disability 阅读障碍 10037999 reading disorder AE This is an AE which is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired coordination of physical movements as a result of brain messages not being accurately transmitted to the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Developmental_coordination_disorder 运动障碍 10013976 dyspraxia AE This is an AE which is probably a different disease than chronic tic disorders including Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. QY, JX, HY https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4850871/ 暂时性抽动障碍 10076694 provisional tic disorder AE This is an AE which is a rare disorder whose most notable features are pain in the mandibular, ocular and rectal areas as well as flushing. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paroxysmal_extreme_pain_disorder 阵发性极度疼痛障碍 10081856 paroxysmal extreme pain disorder AE This is an AE which is a disruption to the efficacy of the executive functions, which is a group of cognitive processes that regulate, control, and manage other cognitive processes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Executive_dysfunction 执行功能障碍 10070246 executive dysfunction AE This is an AE which is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting the way the brain processes auditory information. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Auditory_processing_disorder 中枢性听觉处理障碍 10065165 central auditory processing disorder AE This is an AE which is a family of sleep disorders which affect the timing of sleep. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Circadian_rhythm_sleep_disorder 昼夜节律睡眠障碍 10009191 circadian rhythm sleep disorder AE This is an AE which is a condition in which a person has difficulties sitting or is unable to do so at all; usually due to pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sitting_disability 坐姿障碍 10081807 sitting disability AE This is an AE which is the false perception of tactile sensory input that creates a hallucinatory sensation of physical contact with an imaginary object. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tactile_hallucination 触觉幻觉 10019074 hallucination, tactile AE This is an AE which is a common side effect of various medical conditions which manifests as a reduced sense of touch or sensation, or a partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli such as teeth hypoesthesia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoesthesia 牙齿触觉减退 10051780 hypoesthesia teeth AE This is an AE which is a common side effect of various medical conditions which manifests as a reduced sense of touch or sensation, or a partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli such as hypoaesthesia facial. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoesthesia 面部触觉减退 10065312 hypoesthesia facial AE This is an AE which is a common clinical condition characterized by difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, accompanied by symptoms such as irritability or fatigue during wakefulness. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23423416/ 初始性失眠 10022035 initial insomnia AE This is an AE which is a neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and progressively worsens. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer%27s_disease 痴呆症阿尔茨海默氏型 10012271 dementia alzheimer's type AE This is an AE which is a sleep disorder in which people have trouble sleeping. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Insomnia 不眠症 10067530 hyposomnia AE This is an AE which is a mental and behavioral disorder in which a person has intrusive thoughts (called "obsessions") and/or feels the need to perform certain routines repeatedly (called "compulsions") to an extent where it induces distress or impairs one's general functioning. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Obsessive%E2%80%93compulsive_disorder 强迫思维 10029897 obsessive thoughts AE This is an AE which is an umbrella name for impulse control behaviors involving compulsively damaging one's physical appearance or causing physical injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Body-focused_repetitive_behavior 强迫性咬唇 10066241 compulsive lip biting AE This is an AE which is a mental and behavioral disorder in which a person has intrusive thoughts (called "obsessions") and/or feels the need to perform certain routines repeatedly (called "compulsions") to an extent where it induces distress or impairs one's general functioning. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Obsessive%E2%80%93compulsive_disorder 强迫性症状 10077894 obsessive-compulsive symptom AE This is an AE which is a mental and behavioral disorder in which a person has intrusive thoughts (called "obsessions") and/or feels the need to perform certain routines repeatedly (called "compulsions") to an extent where it induces distress or impairs one's general functioning. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Obsessive%E2%80%93compulsive_disorder 强迫症 10029898 obsessive-compulsive disorder AE This is an AE which refers a toxic condition in which neurological symptoms arise without a definable organic cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Conversion 强直性惊厥 10043994 tonic convulsion AE This is an AE which is the act of cleaning one's hands with soap and water to remove viruses/bacteria/microorganisms, dirt, grease, or other harmful and unwanted substances stuck to the hands and is compulsive . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hand_washing 强制洗手 10071263 compulsive handwashing AE This is an AE which is a condition of reduced emotional reactivity in an individual. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reduced_affect_display 情感迟钝 10005885 blunted affect AE This is an AE which is an extreme or rapid change in mood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mood_swing 情绪波动 10027951 mood swings AE This is an AE which is a mental disorder characterized by at least two weeks of pervasive low mood, low self-esteem, and loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Major_depressive_disorder 重度抑郁症 10057840 major depression AE This is an AE which is a mental and behavioral disorder, specifically a disorder primarily of mood, consisting of the same cognitive and physical problems as depression, but with longer-lasting symptoms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysthymia 持续的抑郁症 10077804 persistent depressive disorder AE This is an AE which is the repetition of a particular response (such as a word, phrase, or gesture) regardless of the absence or cessation of a stimulus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Perseveration 持续言语 10034703 perseveration AE This is an AE which is a state of low mood and aversion to activity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Depressive_symptoms?wprov=srpw1_0 抑郁症状 10054089 depressive symptom AE This is an AE which is the act of intentionally causing one's own death caused by depression. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Suicide 抑郁症自杀 10012397 depression suicidal AE This is an AE which means difficulties in talking due to structural defects in speech organs, such as sigmatism (defective pronunciation of sibilant sounds, for example "S" pronounced as "TH") and rhotacism, in which the letter "R" pronounced as "I or Y". QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dyslalia 言语困难 10013931 dyslalia AE This is an AE which describes excessive speech at a rapid rate that involves causal association between ideas. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_psychiatry#flight_of_ideas 意念飞跃 10016777 flight of ideas AE This is an AE which is a state which occurs when the ability to maintain an awareness of self and environment is lost. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Unconsciousness 意识丧失 10024855 loss of consciousness AE This is an AE which refers to a lack of will or initiative and can be seen as a disorder of diminished motivation (DDM). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abulia 意志力丧失 10050013 abulia AE This is an AE which is human vocal communication using language and it is slow. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Speech 语速缓慢 10071299 slow speech AE This is an AE which is sudden periods of intense fear and discomfort that may include palpitations, sweating, chest pain, shaking, shortness of breath, numbness, or a feeling of impending doom or of losing control. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Panic_attack 预期性焦虑 10002758 anticipatory anxiety AE This is an AE which is an anxiety disorder characterized by sentiments of fear and anxiety in social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some aspects of daily life. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Social_anxiety_disorder 社交焦虑症 10041242 social anxiety disorder AE This is an AE which is an intensely unpleasant emotion in response to perceiving or recognizing a danger or threat such as social communication. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fear 社交恐惧 10041247 social fear AE This is an AE which is an anxiety disorder characterized by sentiments of fear and anxiety in social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some aspects of daily life. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Social_anxiety_disorder 社交恐惧症 10041250 social phobia AE This is an AE which is a category of sleep disorders that involve abnormal movements, behaviors, emotions, perceptions, and dreams that occur while falling asleep, sleeping, between sleep stages, or during arousal from sleep. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Parasomnia 深眠状态 10061910 parasomnia AE This is an AE which is a phenomenon of combined sleep and wakefulness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sleepwalking 梦游 10041012 sleep walking AE This is an AE which is closely related to emotion, and usually refers to the conscious subjective experience of emotions such as jittery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Feeling 感到紧张不安 10016338 feeling jittery AE This is an AE which is defined as an unpleasant, abnormal sense of touch. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysesthesia 感觉不良 10013886 dysaesthesia AE This is an AE which occurs when one or more of the body's senses experiences over-stimulation from the environment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sensory_overload 感觉超负荷 10079780 sensory overload AE This is an AE which is an abnormal sensation of the mucosal skin (tingling, pricking, chilling, burning, numbness) with no apparent physical cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paresthesia 感觉异常黏膜 10033780 paraesthesia mucosal AE This is an AE which is numbness or pain in the outer thigh not caused by injury to the thigh, but by injury to a nerve that extends from the spinal column to the thigh. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meralgia_paraesthetica 感应异常性股痛 10027385 meralgia paraesthetica AE This is an AE which is a detectable change in the physical or chemical structure of an organism's internal or external environment and has slow response to stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stimulus_(physiology) 对刺激反应迟钝 10041045 slow response to stimuli AE This is an AE which is a detectable change in the physical or chemical structure of an organism's internal or external environment and is hyporesponsive to stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stimulus_(physiology) 对刺激反应低下 10071552 hyporesponsive to stimuli AE This is an AE which is a detectable change in the physical or chemical structure of an organism's internal or external environment and is hyperresponsive to stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stimulus_(physiology) 对刺激反应过度 10082489 hyperresponsive to stimuli AE This is an AE which refers the ability of an organism or organ to respond to external stimuli such as weather change. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sensitivity 对天气变化的敏感性 10072850 sensitivity to weather change AE This is an AE which is a state of low mood and aversion to activity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Depression_(mood) 情感低落 10012374 depressed mood AE This is an AE which is a condition in which a person with a disability is cognitively unaware of having it due to an underlying physical condition. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anosognosia 病感失认症 10068346 anosognosia AE This is an AE which is an instinct or thought process that is believed to be heavily influenced by anxiety or fear, often to the point of delusion and irrationality. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paranoia 偏执狂 10033864 paranoia AE This is an AE which is a set of delusional conditions in which the affected persons believe they are being persecuted, despite a lack of evidence. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Persecutory_delusion 迫害妄想 10034702 persecutory delusion AE This is an AE which is transitory pain that comes on suddenly and is not alleviated by the patient's regular pain management. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain#Breakthrough_pain 爆发性疼痛 10064556 breakthrough pain AE This is an AE which is suggested to be similar to classic migraines, with cortical spreading depression leading to aura formation but without an associated headache. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30225597/ 复杂性偏头痛 10056236 complicated migraine AE This is an AE which is memory-based delusion or confabulation, or an inability to distinguish between real and fantasy memories. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paramnesia 副失忆症 10033848 paramnesia AE This is an AE which is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Asperger_syndrome 孤独症 10003484 asperger's disorder AE This is an AE which is a borrowed French word expressing the feeling that one has lived through the present situation before. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu 幻觉记忆 10012177 deja vu AE This is an AE which is a memory disorder characterized by sudden retrograde episodic memory loss, said to occur for a period of time ranging from hours to years to decades. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Psychogenic_amnesia 解离性失忆 10013461 dissociative amnesia AE This is an AE which is the most common type of primary headache. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tension_headache 紧张性头痛 10043269 tension headache AE This is an AE which is an extreme or irrational fear or phobia of heights, especially when one is not particularly high up. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acrophobia 恐高症 10000605 acrophobia AE This is an AE which is a mental and behavioral disorder, specifically an anxiety disorder characterized by reoccurring unexpected panic attacks. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Panic_disorder 恐慌症 10033666 panic disorder AE This is an AE which is a mixed perception in the absence of an external stimulus that has the qualities of a real perception. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hallucination 混合幻觉 10019079 hallucinations, mixed AE This is an AE which is human vocal communication using language and is disorganised. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Speech 说话方式慌乱 10076227 disorganised speech AE This is an AE which is a cortical development malformation that is commonly associated with refractory epilepsy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31559780/ 室管膜下结节性异位 10071150 subependymal nodular heterotopia AE This is an AE which is neurological disorders caused by clumps of gray matter (nodules of neurons) located in the wrong part of the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gray_matter_heterotopia 室旁结节性异位 10066854 periventricular nodular heterotopia AE This is an AE which refers to an inflammation of the pituitary gland and is rare . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypophysitis 下垂体炎 10062767 hypophysitis AE This is an AE which is characterized by persistent antisocial behavior, impaired empathy and remorse, and bold, disinhibited, and egotistical traits. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Psychopathy 心理变态人格 10037218 psychopathic personality AE This is an AE which is damage to a person's mind as a result of one or more events that cause overwhelming amounts of stress that exceed the person's ability to cope or integrate the emotions involved, eventually leading to serious, long-term negative consequences. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Psychological_trauma 心理创伤 10071368 psychological trauma AE This is an AE which is a neurological disorder whose key defining characteristic is a temporary but almost total disruption of short-term memory with a range of problems accessing older memories. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Transient_global_amnesia 暂时性全球健忘症 10044380 transient global amnesia AE This is an AE which is the fear of confined spaces. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Claustrophobia 幽闭恐怖症 10009244 claustrophobia AE This is an AE which is a key component in all modern etiological models of insomnia disorder. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30046255/ 反应过度 10080831 hyperarousal AE This is an AE which refers to the property of a vaccine of being able to produce common, "expected" adverse reactions, especially excessive immunological responses and associated signs and symptoms, including fever and sore arm at the injection site. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reactogenicity 反应原性事件 10065109 reactogenicity event AE This is an AE which is a fear of being on an airplane, or other flying vehicle, such as a helicopter, while in flight. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fear_of_flying 飞行恐惧症 10034914 phobia of flying AE This is an AE which is the specific phobia of isolation; a morbid fear of being egotistical, or a dread of being alone or isolated. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Autophobia 独处恐惧症 10071070 autophobia AE This is an AE which is the experience of the transitional state from wakefulness to sleep: the hypnagogic state of consciousness, during the onset of sleep. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypnagogia 入睡前幻觉 10020927 hypnagogic hallucination AE This is an AE which is a common disabling condition following brain damage to the right hemisphere. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27103056/ 半感觉性忽视 10067022 hemisensory neglect AE This is an AE which is a distortion of the senses, which can reveal how the human brain normally organizes and interprets sensory stimulation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Illusion 错觉 10021403 illusion AE This is an AE which refers a memory is suddenly and unexpectedly revisited. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Flashback 迷幻药效幻觉重现 10016754 flashback AE This is an AE which is a cognitive disorder of face perception in which the ability to recognize familiar faces, including one's own face (self-recognition), is impaired, while other aspects of visual processing (e.g., object discrimination) and intellectual functioning (e.g., decision-making) remain intact. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Prosopagnosia 面容失认症 10073980 prosopagnosia AE This is an AE which is an alteration in the perception of the external world, causing sufferers to perceive it as unreal, distant, distorted or falsified. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Derealization 现实感丧失 10012422 derealisation AE This is an AE which is an intrinsic feature of a living matter. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31756587/ 兴奋性 10015622 excitability AE This is an AE which is a hypnopompic perception in the absence of an external stimulus that has the qualities of a real perception. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hallucination 醒前幻觉 10020928 hypnopompic hallucination AE This is an AE which is a fixed belief that is not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Delusion 妄想性知觉 10012258 delusional perception AE This is an AE which is a mental and behavioral disorder classified as a Dissociative disorder and a Dissociative [conversion] disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fugue_state 分离性神游症 10013466 dissociative fugue AE This is an AE which occurs due to a difference between actual and expected motion. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Motion_sickness 晕动病 10027990 motion sickness AE This is an AE which is an awakening occurring earlier (more than 30 minutes) than desired with an inability to go back to sleep, and before total sleep time reaches 6.5 hours. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Insomnia 早醒型失眠 10014046 early morning awakening AE This is an AE which is the process of diverting the attention of an individual or group from a desired area of focus and thereby blocking or diminishing the reception of desired information. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Distraction 注意力分散性 10013486 distractibility AE This is an AE which is a subtype of delusion that occur in patients suffering from a wide range of psychiatric diseases, including two-thirds of patients in manic state of bipolar disorder, half of those with schizophrenia, patients with the grandiose subtype of delusional disorder, and a substantial portion of those with substance abuse disorders. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Grandiose_delusions 夸大妄想 10012241 delusion of grandeur AE This is an AE which is a mental and behavioral disorder,specifically an anxiety disorder characterized by symptoms of anxiety in situations where the person perceives their environment to be unsafe with no easy way to escape. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Agoraphobia 惧旷症 10001502 agoraphobia AE This is an AE which is an emotional and occasionally psychological state experienced when an individual is left without anything in particular to do, is not interested in their surroundings, or feels that a day or period is dull or tedious. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Boredom 倦怠 10024642 listless AE This is an AE which is the focused attention on the symptoms of one's distress, and on its possible causes and consequences, as opposed to its solutions, according to the Response Styles Theory proposed by Nolen-Hoeksema (1998). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rumination_(psychology) 强迫性的沉思 10056264 obsessive rumination AE This is an AE which is a loose connective tissue composed mostly of adipocytes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adipose_tissue 身体脂肪症 10055164 body fat disorder AE This is an AE which is sudden periods of intense fear and discomfort that may include palpitations, sweating, chest pain, shaking, shortness of breath, numbness, or a feeling of impending doom or of losing control. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Panic_attack 惊恐发作 10033664 panic attack AE This is an AE which is the dropping of tears (or welling of tears in the eyes) in response to an emotional state, or pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Crying 哭泣 10011469 crying AE This is an AE which refers a psychological fear of water. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hydrophobia 狂犬病 10053317 hydrophobia AE This is an AE which is the unsolicited repetition of vocalizations made by another person (when repeated by the same person, it is called palilalia). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Echolalia 模仿言语 10014127 echolalia AE This is an AE which is a state of low mood and aversion to activity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Depression_(mood) 沮丧 10084257 discouragement AE This is an AE which is a state of tiredness, weariness, fatigue, or lack of energy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lethargy 嗜睡 10024264 lethargy AE This is an AE which is a loss of the ability to create new memories after the event that caused amnesia, leading to a partial or complete inability to recall the recent past, while long-term memories from before the event remain intact. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anterograde_amnesia 顺行性遗忘 10002711 anterograde amnesia AE This is an AE which is an anxiety disorder in which a person who is otherwise capable of speech becomes unable to speak when exposed to specific situations, specific places, or to specific people, one or multiple of which serving as triggers. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Selective_mutism 选择性缄默 10039917 selective mutism AE This is an AE which is a sleep disorder causing feelings of panic or dread and typically occurring during the first hours of stage 3 4 non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and lasting for 1 to 10 minutes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Night_terror 夜惊 10041010 sleep terror AE This is an AE which is a non-associative learning process in which repeated administration of a stimulus results in the progressive amplification of a response. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sensitization 致敏 10070834 sensitisation AE This is an AE which is a common fear or phobia among children and, to a varying degree, adults. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fear_of_the_dark 黑夜恐怖症 10057946 noctiphobia AE QY, JX, HY 情感贫乏 10014557 emotional poverty AE QY, JX, HY 梦样状态 10013634 dreamy state AE QY, JX, HY 感觉忽冷忽热 10016335 feeling hot and cold AE QY, JX, HY 感觉体温变化 10061458 feeling of body temperature change AE QY, JX, HY 感觉醉 10016330 feeling drunk AE QY, JX, HY 室管膜炎 10014965 ependymitis AE QY, JX, HY 突然入睡 10050014 sudden onset of sleep AE QY, JX, HY 中性粒细胞中毒性颗粒 10029378 neutrophil toxic granulation present AE QY, JX, HY 感觉运动障碍 10062162 sensorimotor disorder AE This is an AE which is commonly described as a benign neoplasm emerging from the cells that comprise the adrenal cortex. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adrenocortical_adenoma 肾上腺腺瘤 10001323 adrenal adenoma AE This is an AE which is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of the adrenal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrophy 肾上腺萎缩 10001324 adrenal atrophy AE This is an AE which is a form of adrenal cortex cell injury which results in the premature death of cells in living tissue by autolysis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Necrosis 肾上腺皮质坏死 10001337 adrenal cortex necrosis AE This is an AE which is conditions that interfere with the normal functioning of the adrenal glands. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_gland_disorder 肾上腺疾病 10001347 adrenal disorder AE This is an AE which describes an acute blood loss from a ruptured blood vessel connecting to adrenal glands above kidneys. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_haemorrhage 肾上腺出血 10001361 adrenal hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is any benign or malignant neoplasms of the adrenal gland, several of which are notable for their tendency to overproduce endocrine hormones. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_tumor 肾上腺肿块 10053235 adrenal mass AE This is an AE which is disorders of the endocrine system such as adrenal medulla. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Endocrine_disease 肾上腺髓质机能亢进 10001371 adrenal medulla hyperfunction AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of adrenal tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 肾上腺肿瘤 10061588 adrenal neoplasm AE This is an AE which is a condition in which the adrenal glands do not produce adequate amounts of steroid hormones, primarily cortisol; but may also include impaired production of aldosterone (a mineralocorticoid), which regulates sodium conservation, potassium secretion, and water retention. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_insufficiency 肾上腺抑制 10001382 adrenal suppression AE This is an AE which is a critical care emergency characterized by hemodynamic instability, lethargy, and cardiovascular collapse. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17456730/ 急性肾上腺皮质机能不全 10001389 acute adrenocortical insufficiency AE This is an AE which is a rare long-term endocrine disorder characterized by inadequate production of the steroid hormones cortisol and aldosterone by the two outer layers of the cells of the adrenal glands (adrenal cortex), causing adrenal insufficiency. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Addison%27s_disease 慢性肾上腺皮质机能不全 10001390 chronic adrenocortical insufficiency AE This is an AE which is a group of autosomal recessive disorders characterized by impaired cortisol synthesis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congenital_adrenal_hyperplasia 肾上腺综合症 10061630 adrenogenital syndrome AE This is an AE which indicates insufficient weight gain or absence of appropriate physical growth in children. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Failure_to_thrive 成人发育不良 10077257 adult failure to thrive AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection that results in the death of parts of the body's soft tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Necrotizing_fasciitis 新生儿坏死性筋膜炎 10028885 necrotising fasciitis AE This is an AE which is an abnormal amount of lipids (e.g. triglycerides, cholesterol and/or fat phospholipids) in the blood. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dyslipidemia 脂代谢紊乱 10058108 dyslipidaemia AE This is an AE which is believed to be an autosomal dominant condition in which multiple lipomas are present on the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症 10061228 lipomatosis AE This is an AE which is a benign tumor made of fat tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lipoma 脂肪瘤 10024612 lipoma AE This is an AE which is a condition that is almost exclusively found in women and results in enlargement of both legs due to deposits of fat under the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lipedema 脂肪水肿 10063955 lipedema AE This is an AE which is a group of diseases whose hallmark is inflammation of subcutaneous adipose tissue (the fatty layer under the skin – panniculus adiposus). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Panniculitis 脂膜炎 10033675 panniculitis AE This is an AE which is a panniculitis on the back of the calves. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Panniculitis#Lobular 脂膜炎小叶 10033678 panniculitis lobular AE This is an AE which is a non-cancerous (benign) skin tumour that originates from cells in the outer layer of the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Seborrheic_keratosis 脂溢性角化病 10039796 seborrhoeic keratosis AE This is an AE which is a long-term skin disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Seborrhoeic_dermatitis 脂溢性皮炎 10039793 seborrhoeic dermatitis AE This is an AE which is illnesses where trouble occurs in breaking down or synthesizing fats (or fat-like substances). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lipid_metabolism#Lipid_metabolism_disorders 脂质代谢障碍 10061227 lipid metabolism disorder AE This is an AE which is the term describing the localized loss of fat tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lipoatrophy 脂质脂肪萎缩 10024604 lipoatrophy AE This is an AE which is the development of symptoms when standing upright that are relieved when reclining. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Orthostatic_intolerance 直立性不耐受 10063927 orthostatic intolerance AE This is an AE which is a condition in which the mitochondria of a body's cells become damaged or decline significantly in number. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_toxicity 线粒体毒性 10053961 mitochondrial toxicity AE This is an AE which is a lack of something such as mitochondrial enzyme. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Deficiency 线粒体酶缺乏症 10067729 mitochondrial enzyme deficiency AE This is an AE which is a group of disorders caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_disease 线粒体细胞病 10050029 mitochondrial cytopathy AE This is an AE which is a rare immune-mediated blistering skin disease frequently associated with medication exposure, especially vancomycin, with men and women being equally affected. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Linear_IgA_bullous_dermatosis 线性iga疾病 10024515 linear iga disease AE This is an AE which causes renal calculi. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26132002/ 缺乏腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶 10072609 adenine phosphoribosyl transferase deficiency AE This is an AE which is used to describe the condition where a child does not reach one of these stages at the expected age. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Delayed_milestone 生长迟缓 10053759 growth retardation AE This is an AE which is a medical condition resulting from not enough growth hormone (GH). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Growth_hormone_deficiency 生长激素缺乏症 10056438 growth hormone deficiency AE This is an AE which is one of the fundamental processes of adolescent development and the process becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29464228/ 生长障碍 10081945 growth disorder AE This is an AE which is a collection of signs and symptoms due to prolonged exposure to glucocorticoids such as cortisol. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cushing%27s_syndrome 肾上腺机能亢进 10020562 hyperadrenalism AE This is an AE which is a hormone and medication which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adrenaline 肾上腺素 10015060 epinephrine AE This is an AE which is a group of cancers that starts in the kidney. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney_cancer 肾癌 10038389 renal cancer AE This is an AE which is two reddish-brown bean-shaped organs found in vertebrates and its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney 肾病 10038428 renal disorder AE This is an AE which is a syndrome comprising signs of nephritis, which is kidney disease involving inflammation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nephritic_syndrome 肾病综合症 10065673 nephritic syndrome AE This is an AE which is a type of hematoma of kidney tissue, the most common cause being capillaries damaged by trauma, causing localized bleeding that extravasates into the surrounding interstitial tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bruise 肾挫伤 10023413 kidney contusion AE This is an AE which in humans is associated with RET mutations. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Renal_agenesis 肾发育不全 10064655 renal aplasia AE This is an AE which is an abnormality that a person is born with in which one or both of the kidneys are smaller than normal (hypoplastic) but with normal structure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Renal_hypoplasia 肾发育不全 10049102 renal hypoplasia AE This is an AE which is an arterial vascular event that may cause irreversible damage to kidney tissues. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23204242/ 肾梗塞 10038470 renal infarct AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which the kidneys are functioning at less than 15% of normal levels on neonatal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failure 肾功能衰竭新生儿 10038447 renal failure neonatal AE This is an AE which is a rare side effect of cisplatin that manifests with polyuria, hypovolemia, and hyponatremia, and, because of similarities in clinical settings and laboratory values, it is frequently misdiagnosed as a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20622742/ 肾耗盐综合征 10062550 renal salt-wasting syndrome AE This is an AE which is a form of renal cell injury which results in the premature death of cells in living tissue by autolysis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Necrosis 肾坏死 10038481 renal necrosis AE This is an AE which is an important contributor to graft loss in chronic renal allograft injury. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28209809/ 肾间质纤维化 10038475 renal interstitial fibrosis AE This is an AE which is when a solid piece of material (kidney stone) develops in the urinary tract. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney_stone_disease 肾结石 10029148 nephrolithiasis AE This is an AE which is a cancer of the kidneys that typically occurs in children, rarely in adults. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nephroblastoma 肾胚细胞瘤 10029145 nephroblastoma AE This is an AE which is a rare cause of acute kidney failure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Renal_cortical_necrosis 肾皮质坏死 10038422 renal cortical necrosis AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which the kidneys are functioning at less than 15% of normal levels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failure 肾前性衰竭 10072370 prerenal failure AE This is an AE which is an accumulation of serous fluid in a renal cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hydrocele 肾鞘膜积液 10062854 renal hydrocele AE This is an AE which is the lodging of an embolus, a blockage-causing piece of material, inside a renal blood vessel. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Embolism 肾栓塞 10063544 renal embolism AE This is an AE which continues to be a difficult malignancy to treat because of its ability to spread asymptomatically and its inherent resistance to conventional chemotherapy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11981272/ 肾细胞癌 10067946 renal cell carcinoma AE This is an AE which is a pathological wound healing in which connective tissue replaces normal parenchymal tissue to the extent that it goes unchecked, leading to considerable tissue remodelling and the formation of permanent scar tissue such as kidney fibrosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fibrosis#Kidney 肾纤维化 10023421 kidney fibrosis AE This is an AE which is two reddish-brown bean-shaped organs found in vertebrates and is small. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney 小肾 10023435 kidney small AE This is an AE which is a medical condition involving the death of tubular epithelial cells that form the renal tubules of the kidneys. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_tubular_necrosis 肾小管坏死 10038540 renal tubular necrosis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the area of the kidney known as the renal interstitium, which consists of a collection of cells, extracellular matrix, and fluid surrounding the renal tubules. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Interstitial_nephritis 肾小管间质性肾炎 10048302 tubulointerstitial nephritis AE This is an AE which is a rare medical condition in which there is uveitis (inflammation of the uvea in the eye) together with tubulointerstitial nephritis (inflammation of the tubules inside the kidney). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tubulointerstitial_nephritis_and_uveitis 肾小管间质性肾炎和葡萄膜炎综合征 10069034 tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome AE This is an AE which is a medical condition that involves an accumulation of acid in the body due to a failure of the kidneys to appropriately acidify the urine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Renal_tubular_acidosis 肾小管酸中毒 10038535 renal tubular acidosis AE This is an AE which is a term used to refer to several kidney diseases (usually affecting both kidneys). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glomerulonephritis 肾小球肾炎焦 10018369 glomerulonephritis focal AE This is an AE which is a syndrome of the kidney that is characterized by a rapid loss of kidney function, (usually a 50% decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) within 3 months) with glomerular crescent formation seen in at least 50% or 75% of glomeruli seen on kidney biopsies. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rapidly_progressive_glomerulonephritis 急性肾小球肾炎 10018378 glomerulonephritis rapidly progressive AE This is an AE which is a network of small blood vessels (capillaries) known as a tuft, located at the beginning of a nephron in the kidney and its vascular becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glomerulus_(kidney) 肾小球血管障碍 10018362 glomerular vascular disorder AE This is an AE which is hardening of the glomeruli in the kidney. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glomerulosclerosis 肾小球硬化症 10061989 glomerulosclerosis AE This is an AE which is a localized renal bleeding outside of blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 肾血肿 10038459 renal hematoma AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the area of the kidney known as the renal interstitium, which consists of a collection of cells, extracellular matrix, and fluid surrounding the renal tubules. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Interstitial_nephritis 肾炎间质 10029134 nephritis interstitial AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the kidney, typically due to a bacterial infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pyelonephritis 肾盂炎 10037584 pyelitis AE This is an AE which is a form of diabetes insipidus primarily due to pathology of the kidney. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nephrogenic_diabetes_insipidus 肾原性的尿崩症 10029147 nephrogenic diabetes insipidus AE This is an AE which is tumours, or growths, on or in the kidney. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney_tumour 肾脏肿块 10062104 renal mass AE This is an AE which is damage to or disease of a kidney. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney_disease 肾肿大 10048469 kidney enlargement AE This is an AE which is a group of cancers that starts in the kidney. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney_neoplasm?wprov=srpw1_1 肾肿瘤 10061482 renal neoplasm AE This is an AE which refers to accumulation of fluid in an anatomic space such as perinephric. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Effusion 肾周的积液 10053550 perinephric effusion AE This is an AE which is determined by measuring plasma glucose levels 2 hours after glucose loading in the oral glucose tolerance test. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15799213/ 糖耐量降低 10018429 glucose tolerance impaired AE This is an AE which include problems that develop rapidly (acute) or over time (chronic) and may affect many organ systems. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Complications_of_diabetes 糖尿病的并发症 10061104 diabetic complication AE This is an AE which occurs predominantly after the age of 50 years but is not easy to distinguish from late onset insulin-dependent diabetes. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9158288/ 糖尿病非胰岛素依赖 10012613 diabetes mellitus non-insulin-dependent AE This is an AE which is a reversible form of coma found in people with diabetes mellitus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_coma 糖尿病昏迷 10012650 diabetic coma AE This is an AE which is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level over a prolonged period of time and it is inadequate control. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diabetes 糖尿病控制不足 10012607 diabetes mellitus inadequate control AE This is an AE which is of interest due to their remarkable resistance to heal; severe thermal burns are addressed due to critical need for effective therapies for the prevention shock and improvement in scarring. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27412677/ 糖尿病溃疡 10056340 diabetic ulcer AE This is an AE which is a group of metabolic disorders with foetopathy characterized by a high blood sugar level over a prolonged period of time. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diabetes 糖尿病胎儿病 10059116 diabetic foetopathy AE This is an AE which is a potentially life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_ketoacidosis 糖尿病酮症 10012673 diabetic ketosis AE This is an AE which is a serious and potentially life-threatening acute complication of diabetes mellitus with hyperglycaemic. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30150107/ 糖尿病酮症酸中毒高血糖昏迷 10012672 diabetic ketoacidotic hyperglycaemic coma AE This is an AE which results from failure of the pancreas to produce enough insulin due to loss of beta cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diabetes 糖尿病胰岛素依赖型 10012608 diabetes mellitus insulin-dependent AE This is an AE which is a necrotising skin condition that usually occurs in patients with diabetes mellitus but can also be associated with rheumatoid arthritis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Necrobiosis_lipoidica 糖尿病脂质坏死病 10056969 necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum AE This is an AE which is any pathology that results directly from peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and/or sensory neuropathy affecting the feet in diabetes mellitus; it is a long-term (or "chronic") complication of diabetes mellitus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_foot 糖尿病足 10060734 diabetic foot AE This is an AE which may involve a number of genes including HFE and TFR2. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Iron_metabolism_disorder 铁代谢障碍 10022983 iron metabolism disorder AE This is an AE which is a rare condition characterized by late onset of developmental delays—or severe and sudden reversals—in language, social function, and motor skills. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Childhood_disintegrative_disorder 童年分解性障碍 10008522 childhood disintegrative disorder AE This is an AE which is a metabolic state caused by uncontrolled production of ketone bodies that cause a metabolic acidosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ketoacidosis 酮酸中毒 10023379 ketoacidosis AE This is an AE which is a metabolic state characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood or urine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ketosis 酮症 10023391 ketosis AE This is an AE which is a medical condition characterized by the buildup of lactate (especially L-lactate) in the body, with formation of an excessively low pH in the bloodstream. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lactic_acidosis 乳酸酸中毒 10023676 lactic acidosis AE This is an AE which is a common condition caused by a decreased ability to digest lactose, a sugar found in dairy products. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lactose_intolerance 乳糖不耐受 10023981 lactose intolerance AE This is an AE which is the most common type of thyroid cancer, representing 75 percent to 85 percent of all thyroid cancer cases. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Papillary_thyroid_cancer 乳头状甲状腺癌 10033701 papillary thyroid cancer AE This is an AE which is a benign epithelial tumor growing exophytically (outwardly projecting) in nipple-like and often finger-like fronds. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Papilloma 乳头状瘤 10033713 papilloma AE This is an AE which is an acquired benign squamous cell tumor that can present at any age, but most frequently in the third and fourth decades of life. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31236424/ 乳头状瘤结膜 10067127 papilloma conjunctival AE This is an AE which is a common condition caused by a decreased ability to digest lactose, a sugar found in dairy products. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lactose_intolerance 乳制品不耐受性 10011852 dairy intolerance AE This is an AE which is an endocrinological disorder characterized by decreased levels of the hormone aldosterone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoaldosteronism 醛固酮减少症 10020944 hypoaldosteronism AE This is an AE which is the main mineralocorticoid steroid hormone produced by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland on the urine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aldosterone 醛固酮尿 10001649 aldosterone urine AE This is an AE which is a lack of the trace element iodine, an essential nutrient in the diet. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Iodine_deficiency 缺碘 10067997 iodine deficiency AE This is an AE which motivates the consumption of food. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hunger_(physiology) 缺乏饱腹感 10064720 lack of satiety AE This is an AE which is lack of the heterodimer of two chains: IFNGR1 and IFNGR2. It binds interferon-γ, the sole member of interferon type II. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Interferon-gamma_receptor 缺乏干扰素受体 10057605 interferon gamma receptor deficiency AE This is an AE which is the state in which a body lacks enough iron to supply its needs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Iron_deficiency 缺铁 10022970 iron deficiency AE This is an AE which is defined either as insufficient copper to meet the needs of the body, or as a serum copper level below the normal range. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Copper_deficiency 缺铜症 10010957 copper deficiency AE This is an AE which means a total depletion in the level of oxygen, an extreme form of hypoxia or "low oxygen". QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anoxia 缺氧 10002660 anoxia AE This is an AE which is a human health condition or disease that is persistent or otherwise long-lasting in its effects or a disease that comes with time. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chronic_condition 慢性疾病 10076311 chronic disease AE This is an AE which defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) based on type (motor or phonic) and duration of tics (sudden, rapid, nonrhythmic movements). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tic_disorder 慢性疾病 10076661 chronic tic disorder AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of the thyroid gland and is chronic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thyroiditis 慢性甲状腺炎 10043781 thyroiditis chronic AE This is an AE which is a complex, fatiguing, long-term medical condition diagnosed by required primary symptoms and criteria, and often involves a broad range of symptoms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chronic_fatigue_syndrome 慢性疲劳综合症 10008874 chronic fatigue syndrome AE This is an AE which is a diverse group of hereditary diseases in which certain cells of the immune system have difficulty forming the reactive oxygen compounds (most importantly the superoxide radical due to defective phagocyte NADPH oxidase) used to kill certain ingested pathogens. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chronic_granulomatous_disease 慢性肉芽肿性疾病 10008906 chronic granulomatous disease AE This is an AE which consists of pigmented macular lesions, predominantly involving the lower extremities. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3677535/ 慢性色素紫癜 10072726 chronic pigmented purpura AE This is an AE which is a syndrome of progressive loss of renal function that results in loss of urinary concentrating ability, retention of nitrogenous and other metabolic end products, alterations in electrolyte and acid-base status, and dysfunction of several hormone systems. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18061852/ 慢性肾功能衰竭 10038444 renal failure chronic AE This is an AE which is defined as hives, typically occurring daily, for greater than 6 weeks duration. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24305753/ 慢性荨麻疹 10052568 urticaria chronic AE This is an AE which is a popular staining method in histology. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Grocott%27s_methenamine_silver_stain 甲胺银染色 10075549 gomori methenamine silver stain AE This is an AE which is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that disrupts the biosynthesis of cholesterol and isoprenoids. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mevalonate_kinase_deficiency 甲羟戊酸激酶缺乏症 10072221 mevalonate kinase deficiency AE This is an AE which is a metabolite such as urine of epinephrine (adrenaline) created by action of catechol-O-methyl transferase on epinephrine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Metanephrine 甲肾上腺素尿 10059217 metanephrine urine AE This is an AE which most commonly present with abnormalities of serum calcium. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23944728/ 甲状旁腺疾病 10033942 parathyroid disorder AE This is an AE which is small endocrine glands in the neck of humans and it is not normal enlargemet. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Parathyroid_gland 甲状旁腺肿大 10051653 parathyroid gland enlargement AE This is an AE which represent an elusive endocrine neoplasia, which lead to primary hyperparathyroidism, pHPT, a common endocrine calcium disorder characterized by hypercalcemia and normal-high parathormone secretion. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30477753/ 甲状旁腺肿瘤 10033963 parathyroid tumor AE This is an AE which is a fibrous cyst that forms from a persistent thyroglossal duct. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thyroglossal_cyst 甲状舌囊肿 10051320 thyroglossal cyst AE This is an AE which is cancer that develops from the tissues of the thyroid gland. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_cancer 甲状腺癌 10066474 thyroid cancer AE This is an AE which is cancer that develops from the tissues of the thyroid gland. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_cancer 甲状腺癌 10043738 thyroid gland cancer AE This is an AE which is a rare but severe and potentially life-threatening complication of hyperthyroidism (overactivity of the thyroid gland). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_storm 甲状腺毒性危象 10043786 thyrotoxic crisis AE This is an AE which is mainly present in classical papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), despite being described in benign lesions and in other subtypes of thyroid carcinomas. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33086487/ 甲状腺钙化 10078379 thyroid calcification AE This is an AE which is a swelling with hypothyroidic in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid gland. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Goitre 甲状腺功能减退甲状腺肿 10059844 hypothyroidic goitre AE This is an AE which is a medical condition that affects the function of the thyroid gland. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_disease 甲状腺疾病 10043709 thyroid disorder AE This is an AE which is a neoplasm or tumor of the thyroid and can be a benign tumor such as thyroid adenoma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_neoplasm 甲状腺良性肿瘤 10004412 benign neoplasm of thyroid gland AE This is an AE which is nodules (raised areas of tissue or fluid) which commonly arise within an otherwise normal thyroid gland. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_nodule#Presentation 甲状腺囊肿 10043706 thyroid cyst AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of thethyroid gland . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 甲状腺脓肿 10051878 thyroid gland abscess AE This is an AE which is an endocrine gland in vertebrates and feel it pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thyroid 甲状腺痛 10043757 thyroid pain AE This is an AE which is a swelling in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid gland. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Goitre 甲状腺肿 10018498 goitre AE This is an AE which is a common complication of critical illness affecting between 30 and 60% of critically ill patients. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21989699/ 急性肾功能衰竭 10038436 renal failure acute AE This is an AE which the patient experiences high fever, abdominal pain and pain while passing urine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Excretory_system#Acute_Pyelonephritis 急性肾盂肾炎 10037597 pyelonephritis acute AE This is an AE which is a tumor of the pancreas that is derived from beta cells and secretes insulin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Insulinoma 胰岛瘤 10022498 insulinoma AE This is an AE which is a form of diabetes that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Type_2_diabetes 胰岛素抵抗糖尿病 10022491 insulin resistant diabetes AE This is an AE which refers to an above normal level of insulin in the blood of a person or animal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperinsulinism 胰岛素过多 10061211 hyperinsulinism AE This is an AE which is the condition that occurs due to excessive production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperthyroidism 原发性甲亢 10075899 primary hyperthyroidism AE This is an AE which is usually caused by a tumor within the parathyroid gland. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Primary_hyperparathyroidism 原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症 10020707 hyperparathyroidism primary AE This is an AE which is a common endocrinological process, characterized by chronic elevation of serum concentrations of calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28992983/ 原发性甲状腺功能减退症 10036697 primary hypothyroidism AE This is an AE which refers to the excess production of the hormone aldosterone from the adrenal glands, resulting in low renin levels and high blood pressure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Primary_aldosteronism 原发性醛固酮增多症 10036692 primary hyperaldosteronism AE This is an AE which is a rare long-term endocrine disorder characterized by inadequate production of the steroid hormones cortisol and aldosterone by the two outer layers of the cells of the adrenal glands (adrenal cortex), causing adrenal insufficiency. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Addison%27s_disease 原发性肾上腺皮质功能不全 10052381 primary adrenal insufficiency AE This is an AE which is an area of swelling (edema) of the lower layer of skin and tissue just under the skin or mucous membranes and is idiopathic . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Angioedema 原发性血管性水肿 10073257 idiopathic angiedema AE This is an AE which is a medical condition characterized by involuntary rhythmic contractions and relaxations (oscillations or twitching movements) of certain muscle groups in one or more body parts of unknown cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Essential_tremor 原发性震颤 10015496 essential tremor AE This is an AE which is a form of thyroiditis that can be a cause of both thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Subacute_thyroiditis 亚急性甲状腺炎 10043784 thyroiditis subacute AE This is an AE which is an over-accumulation of dietary histamine in the human body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Histamine_intolerance 组胺不耐受 10068652 histamine intolerance AE This is an AE which refers a hereditary condition caused by a deficiency of liver enzymes that metabolise fructose. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fructose_intolerance 果糖不耐受 10072104 fructose intolerance AE This is an AE which is a common condition caused by a decreased ability to digest lactose, a sugar found in dairy products. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lactose_intolerance 牛奶不耐受 10011241 cow's milk intolerance AE This is an AE which is a rare condition in which the cells lining the intestine cannot take in the sugars glucose and galactose, which prevents proper digestion of these molecules and larger molecules made from them. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glucose-galactose_malabsorption 碳水化合物不耐受 10071200 carbohydrate intolerance AE This is an AE which is the condition in which sucrase-isomaltase, an enzyme needed for proper metabolism of sucrose (sugar) and starch (e.g., grains), is not produced or the enzyme produced is either partially functional or non-functional in the small intestine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sucrose_intolerance 蔗糖不耐受 10042432 sucrose intolerance AE This is an AE which is any of various types of abnormal growth or development of cells (microscopic scale) or organs (macroscopic scale), and the abnormal histology or anatomical structure resulting from such growth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysplasia 发育不良 10058314 dysplasia AE This is an AE which is when a child who has reached a certain developmental stage begins to lose previously acquired milestones. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Developmental_regression 发育退化 10076709 developmental regression AE This is an AE which is a congenital abnormality of brain development where the neurons in an area of the brain failed to migrate in the proper formation in utero. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Focal_cortical_dysplasia 皮质发育不良 10070666 cortical dysplasia AE This is an AE which incidence rate was equal to 5.96/1,000 infants, which would result in 2.0 IQ points loss in 34.31% of the newborns. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30427427/ 轻度精神发育迟滞 10027618 mild mental retardation AE This is an AE which comprise a group of psychiatric conditions originating in childhood that involve serious impairment in different areas such as speech disorder developmental. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Developmental_disorder 言语障碍发育 10041467 speech disorder developmental AE This is an AE which is a skin disorder that generally presents, but not exclusively, as erythematous plaques or flat patches without hair primarily on the scalp, neck and face. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_mucinosa 毛囊皮脂腺粘蛋白沉积症 10056506 follicular mucinosis AE This is an AE which is an inflammation caused by viral of one or both parotid glands, the major salivary glands located on either side of the face, in humans. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Parotitis 病毒性腮腺炎 10072589 viral parotitis AE This is an AE which is small tubular structures of the skin that produce sweat and its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sweat_gland 汗腺疾病 10042653 sweat gland disorder AE This is an AE which is the leading cause of evaporative dry eye disease and is one of the most common conditions encountered by eye care providers. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31494111/ 睑板腺功能障碍 10065062 meibomian gland dysfunction AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection of an oil gland in the eyelid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stye 睑腺炎 10020377 hordeolum AE This is an AE which is a viral disease caused by the mumps virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mumps 流行性腮腺炎 10028257 mumps AE This is an AE which is a microscopic exocrine gland in the skin that opens into a hair follicle to secrete an oily or waxy matter and it is overactivity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sebaceous_gland 皮脂腺过度活跃 10039784 sebaceous glands overactivity AE This is an AE which is a microscopic exocrine gland in the skin that opens into a hair follicle to secrete an oily or waxy matter and its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sebaceous_gland 皮脂腺疾病 10061511 sebaceous gland disorder AE This is an AE which is a inflammation of major salivary gland in human. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Parotid_gland 腮腺炎症 10067789 parotid gland inflammation AE This is an AE which is an increasingly recognized cause of transient thyrotoxicosis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3760800/ 无症状性甲状腺炎 10079012 silent thyroiditis AE This is an AE which is an inflammation caused by bacterial of one or both parotid glands, the major salivary glands located on either side of the face, in humans. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Parotitis 细菌性腮腺炎 10077487 bacterial parotitis AE This is an AE which characterized by decreased brain glucose consumption, is a common feature of many neurodegenerative diseases. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28463438/ 代谢减退 10021034 hypometabolism AE This is an AE which is a metabolic condition in which the pH of tissue is elevated beyond the normal range (7.35–7.45). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_alkalosis 代谢性碱中毒 10027423 metabolic alkalosis AE This is an AE which is the sugar formed when two monosaccharides are joined by glycosidic linkage and its metabolism becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Disaccharide 二糖代谢障碍 10061107 disaccharide metabolism disorder AE This is an AE which occur when the body has too little or too much calcium. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Disorders_of_calcium_metabolism 钙代谢障碍 10006974 calcium metabolism disorder AE This is an AE which is defined as an elevated resting energy expenditure (REE) > 110% of predicted REE. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypermetabolism 高代谢反应 10020674 hypermetabolism AE This is an AE which is a rare genetic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the gene CDKL5. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/CDKL5_deficiency_disorder cdkl5缺乏症 10083005 cdkl5 deficiency disorder AE This is an AE which is an immunodeficiency of absent or suboptimal functioning of one of the complement system proteins. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Complement_deficiency 补体缺乏症 10075551 complement deficiency disease AE This is an AE which is not epileptic seizures or epilepsy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reflex_asystolic_syncope 癫痫发作缺氧 10039907 seizure anoxic AE This is an AE which appears to predispose to severe respiratory tract infection. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20375630/ 甘露糖结合凝集素缺乏症 10083190 mannose-binding lectin deficiency AE This is an AE which is a major abnormality in the shape of a body part or organ compared to the normal shape of that part. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Deformity 畸形 10061619 deformity AE This is an AE which risk factors were found to be low birth weight (2500 g or less) and threatened abortion. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8474950/ 减少肢体缺陷 10024503 limb reduction defect AE This is an AE which is a diverse array of deficits in hedonic function, including reduced motivation or ability to experience pleasure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anhedonia 快感缺乏症 10002511 anhedonia AE This is an AE which is a lack of the dietary minerals, the micronutrients that are needed for an organism's proper health. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mineral_deficiency 矿物质缺乏症 10061291 mineral deficiency AE This is an AE which is an electrolyte disturbance in which there is a low level of magnesium in the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Magnesium_deficiency 镁缺乏 10025433 magnesium deficiency AE This is an AE which is a condition of reduced emotional reactivity in an individual. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reduced_affect_display 情感缺乏 10016759 flat affect AE This is an AE which occurs when an organism lacks the required levels of selenium, a critical nutrient in many species. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Selenium_deficiency 硒缺乏 10039921 selenium deficiency AE This is an AE which is defined either as insufficient zinc to meet the needs of the body, or as a serum zinc level below the normal range. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Zinc_deficiency 锌缺乏症 10048259 zinc deficiency AE This is an AE which is a low level of folate and derivatives in the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Folate_deficiency 叶酸缺乏 10016880 folate deficiency AE This is an AE which is a behavioral and neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, which are pervasive, impairing, and otherwise age inappropriate. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder 注意力缺陷/多动症 10003736 attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder AE This is an AE which is the result of a process reducing hydrogen ion concentration of arterial blood plasma (alkalemia). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alkalosis 碱毒症 10001680 alkalosis AE This is an AE which refers to the act of suppressing lactation by medication or other non pharmaceutical means. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lactation_suppression 抑制泌乳 10042576 suppressed lactation AE This is an AE which is also lost from the plasma in hypovolemia, the body's need for salt proportionately increases in addition to thirst in such cases. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thirst#Salt_craving 盐的渴望 10067951 salt craving AE This is an AE which may be prone to a combined cow's milk and soy protein allergy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Milk_allergy 奶大豆蛋白不耐症 10071754 milk soy protein intolerance AE This is an AE which is an excessive number of histiocytes (tissue macrophages), and the term is also often used to refer to a group of rare diseases which share this sign as a characteristic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Histiocytosis 组织细胞增生症 10020117 histiocytosis AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which there is a reduction in the number of red and white blood cells, as well as platelets. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pancytopenia 双细胞减少症 10058956 bicytopenia AE This is an AE which is an abnormal clonal proliferation of Langerhans cells, abnormal cells deriving from bone marrow and capable of migrating from skin to lymph nodes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Langerhans_cell_histiocytosis 朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症 10069698 langerhans' cell histiocytosis AE This is an AE which is "a clinical entity induced by the ingestion of gluten leading to intestinal and/or extraintestinal symptoms that improve once the gluten-containing foodstuff is removed from the diet, and celiac disease and wheat allergy have been excluded". QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Non-celiac_gluten_sensitivity 谷蛋白敏感性 10076493 gluten sensitivity AE This is an AE which contribute to function and stability of surfactant film. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33839914/ 表面活性蛋白 10073028 surfactant protein AE This is an AE which is a class of globulins, identified by their position after serum protein electrophoresis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gamma_globulin 丙种球蛋白病 10061964 gammopathy AE This is an AE which is a collective term for blood tests used to check the function of the thyroid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_function_tests 不含甲状腺素 10055157 thyroxine free AE This is an AE which is the functional deterioration of a structure or system that had been previously working with the help of allostatic compensation such as diabetic metabolic decompensation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Decompensation 糖尿病代谢代谢失调 10074309 diabetic metabolic decompensation AE This is an AE which is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the excess accumulation of phospholipids in tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Phospholipidosis 磷脂质病 10074564 phospholipidosis AE This is an AE which is a rare long-term endocrine disorder characterized by inadequate production of the steroid hormones cortisol and aldosterone by the two outer layers of the cells of the adrenal glands (adrenal cortex), causing adrenal insufficiency. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Addison%27s_disease 阿狄森氏病 10001130 addison's disease AE This is an AE which is a rare and often fatal lysosomal storage disease that results in progressive damage to the nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Krabbe_disease 克腊伯氏病 10023492 krabbe's disease AE This is an AE which is characterized as a disruption to the microbiota homeostasis caused by an imbalance in the microflora, changes in their functional composition and metabolic activities, or a shift in their local distribution. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysbiosis 菌群失调 10082129 dysbiosis AE This is an AE which is an abnormality of the human body's normal balance of acids and bases that causes the plasma pH to deviate out of the normal range (7.35 to 7.45). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acid%E2%80%93base_disorder 酸碱平衡失调混合 10000483 acid-base balance disorder mixed AE QY, JX, HY 肾旋转不良 10067877 kidney malrotation AE QY, JX, HY 乳液积滞 10060710 galactostasis AE QY, JX, HY 湿度不耐受 10072791 humidity intolerance AE QY, JX, HY 偏侧感觉缺失 10077170 hemianaesthesia AE QY, JX, HY 认知语言缺陷 10078970 cognitive linguistic deficit AE QY, JX, HY 病原体耐药性 10034133 pathogen resistance AE QY, JX, HY 肾上腺素综合征 10001387 adrenergic syndrome AE QY, JX, HY 肾上腺肿大 10051896 adrenomegaly AE QY, JX, HY 运动发育迟缓 10070302 motor developmental delay AE QY, JX, HY 中度精神发育迟滞 10027791 moderate mental retardation AE QY, JX, HY 腮腺导管阻塞 10034021 parotid duct obstruction AE This is an AE which is a pain of responsible for adduction of the jaw, and one (the lateral pterygoid) helps to abduct it. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Muscles_of_mastication 肌痛 10077030 masticatory pain AE This is an AE which is a pathology affecting the vocal folds (commonly referred to as the vocal cords) characterized by full or partial vocal fold closure causing difficulty and distress during respiration, especially during inhalation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vocal_cord_dysfunction 声带收肌无力 10001136 adductor vocal cord weakness AE This is an AE which is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness of the limbs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lambert%E2%80%93Eaton_myasthenic_syndrome 肌无力综合征 10028424 myasthenic syndrome AE This is an AE which is organs of the vertebrate muscular system that are mostly attached by tendons to bones of the skeleton. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skeletal_muscle 肌肉肿块 10056720 muscle mass AE This is an AE which is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of the bone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrophy 骨萎缩 10068975 bone atrophy AE This is an AE which is an abnormal growth of tissue in bone, traditionally classified as noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bone_tumor 骨癌 10005949 bone cancer AE This is an AE which is characterized by a diffuse or localized pattern of low signal intensity on T1-weighted images without a defined fracture. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7803074/ 骨挫伤 10066251 bone contusion AE This is an AE which is the softening of bones due to the removal of calcium ions, and can be performed as a histological technique to study bones and extract DNA. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bone_decalcification 骨脱钙 10070817 bone decalcification AE This is an AE which is rare diseases and about 1 in 5,000 babies are born with some type of skeletal dysplasia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Osteochondrodysplasia 骨骼畸形 10070918 bone deformity AE This is an AE which refers to the medical conditions which affect the bone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bone_disease 骨疾病 10005956 bone disorder AE This is an AE which is the loss of bone from disease processes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bone_erosion 骨侵蚀 10051728 bone erosion AE This is an AE which is sorted by size and the proportional weights of each size category were compared to isolate any differences in fragmentation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23756520/ 骨头碎片 10064211 bone fragmentation AE This is an AE which is the darkening of an area of skin or nails or bone caused by increased melanin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperpigmentation 骨色素沉着过度 10070598 bone hyperpigmentation AE This is an AE which is the loss of skeletal muscle mass. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Muscle_atrophy 肌肉萎缩 10028289 muscle atrophy AE This is an AE which is second only to strain as the leading cause of morbidity from sports-related injuries. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11476532/ 肌肉挫伤 10070757 muscle contusion AE This is an AE which is injuries or pain in the human musculoskeletal system, including the joints, ligaments, muscles, nerves, tendons, and structures that support limbs, neck and back. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Musculoskeletal_disorder 肌肉疾病 10028300 muscle disorder AE This is an AE which is a condition in which the muscle of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply at the tissue level. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoxia_(medical) 肌肉缺氧 10078053 muscle hypoxia AE This is an AE which is a form of muscle cell injury which results in the premature death of cells in living tissue by autolysis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Necrosis 肌肉坏死 10028320 muscle necrosis AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of muscle tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 肌肉瘤 10061692 muscle neoplasm AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the muscle tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 肌肉水肿 10071759 muscle edema AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of the muscle not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 肌肉肿胀 10064470 muscle swelling AE This is an AE which is a highly aggressive form of cancer that develops from mesenchymal cells that have failed to fully differentiate into myocytes of skeletal muscle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rhabdomyosarcoma 横纹肌肉瘤 10039022 rhabdomyosarcoma AE This is an AE which is a type of muscle loss (muscle atrophy) that occurs with aging and/or immobility. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sarcopenia 肌肉减少症 10063024 sarcopenia AE This is an AE which is benign tumors that are composed of fibrous or connective tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fibroma 纤维瘤 10016629 fibroma AE This is an AE which is a non-atherosclerotic, non-inflammatory disease of the blood vessels that causes abnormal growth within the wall of an artery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fibromuscular_dysplasia 纤维肌性的发育不良 10054794 fibromuscular dysplasia AE This is an AE which is a medical condition characterized by chronic widespread pain and a heightened pain response to pressure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fibromyalgia 纤维肌痛症 10048439 fibromyalgia AE This is an AE which is a malignant mesenchymal tumour derived from fibrous connective tissue and characterized by the presence of immature proliferating fibroblasts or undifferentiated anaplastic spindle cells in a storiform pattern. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fibrosarcoma 纤维肉瘤 10016632 fibrosarcoma AE This is an AE which is a pathological wound healing in which connective tissue replaces normal parenchymal tissue to the extent that it goes unchecked, leading to considerable tissue remodelling and the formation of permanent scar tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fibrosis 纤维化 10016642 fibrosis AE This is an AE which is a pathological wound healing in which connective tissue replaces normal tendinous parenchymal tissue to the extent that it goes unchecked, leading to considerable tissue remodelling and the formation of permanent scar tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fibrosis 纤维化腱 10016662 fibrosis tendinous AE This is an AE which is a benign, non-neoplastic proliferative process that is relatively common in the long bones of skeletally immature adolescents. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20692185/ 纤维皮质缺损 10052753 fibrous cortical defect AE This is an AE which is a benign skin growth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatofibroma 纤维组织细胞瘤 10053717 fibrous histiocytoma AE This is an AE which is a fracture of the lower legs bones meaning either or both of the tibia and fibula. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Crus_fracture 腓骨骨折 10016667 fibula fracture AE This is an AE which is an inability or impairment of an individual to perform tasks that require a degree of manual dexterity. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33085413/ 精细动作延迟 10066088 fine motor delay AE This is an AE which is a function that involves specific movements of the bodies muscles to perform a certain task but it has dysfunction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Motor_skill 精细运动技能障碍 10076288 fine motor skill dysfunction AE This is an AE which is a permanent shortening of a extremity muscle or joint. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Contracture 肢体挛缩 10050732 extremity contracture AE This is an AE which is a form of extremity cell injury which results in the premature death of cells in living tissue by autolysis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Necrosis 肢体坏死 10059385 extremity necrosis AE This is an AE which is the removal of a limb or foot by trauma, medical illness, or surgery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amputation 截肢 10016960 foot amputation AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which damage to the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN), a distal motor and sensory branch of the median nerve, classically with severe weakness of the pincer movement of the thumb and index finger, and can cause transient pain in the wrist (the terminal, sensory branch of the AIN innervates the bones of the carpal tunnel). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Anterior_interosseous_syndrome 前骨间的综合症 10065536 anterior interosseous syndrome AE This is an AE which is a bone fracture which occurs when a fragment of bone tears away from the main mass of bone as a result of physical trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Avulsion_fracture 撕裂骨折 10066184 avulsion fracture AE This is an AE which is a resilient and smooth elastic tissue and its development is disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cartilage 软骨发育障碍 10061745 cartilage development disorder AE This is an AE which exists when the capacity of the pelvis is inadequate to allow the fetus to negotiate the birth canal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cephalopelvic_disproportion 头骨盆不成比例 10008020 cephalo-pelvic disproportion AE This is an AE which is a fracture of any of the seven cervical vertebrae in the neck. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cervical_fracture 颈椎骨折 10049946 cervical vertebral fracture AE This is an AE which is inflammation of cartilage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chondritis 软骨炎 10008685 chondritis AE This is an AE which is calcification (accumulation of calcium salts) in hyaline cartilage and/or fibrocartilage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chondrocalcinosis 软骨钙化沉着病 10061761 chondrocalcinosis AE This is an AE which refers to a skeletal disorder caused by one of myriad genetic mutations that can affect the development of cartilage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chondrodystrophy 软骨营养不良 10008723 chondrodystrophy AE This is an AE which is a bone sarcoma, a primary cancer composed of cells derived from transformed cells that produce cartilage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chondrosarcoma 软骨肉瘤 10008734 chondrosarcoma AE This is an AE which is a bone fracture of the clavicle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Clavicle_fracture 锁骨骨折 10009245 clavicle fracture AE This is an AE which is a medical term meaning pain in the coccyx or tailbone area, often brought on by a fall onto the coccyx or by persistent irritation usually from sitting. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Coccydynia 尾骨痛 10009829 coccydynia AE This is an AE which refers a fracture in which the bone has broken into several pieces. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bone_fracture#Fragments 粉碎性骨折 10052614 comminuted fracture AE This is an AE which is a collapse of a vertebra. It may be due to trauma or due to a weakening of the vertebra (compare with burst fracture). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vertebral_compression_fracture 压缩性骨折 10010214 compression fracture AE This is an AE which is a benign inflammatory condition affecting the upper costochondral junctions and costosternal joints. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Costochondritis 肋软骨炎 10011219 costochondritis AE This is an AE which refers the bone remodeling is the process of laying down new bone material by cells named osteoblasts. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ossification 骨骼外骨形成 10049811 extraskeletal ossification AE This is an AE which represents a relatively uncommon injury in the non-elderly population often resulting from high-energy trauma. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31203740/ 股骨颈骨折 10016450 femoral neck fracture AE This is an AE which is a bone fracture that involves the femur. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Femoral_fracture 股骨骨折 10016454 femur fracture AE This is an AE which is a disorder of the foot that can be congenital or acquired. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Foot_deformity 脚骨折 10061159 foot deformity AE This is an AE which includes lisfranc fracture,Jones fracture , march fracture , calcaneal fracture, broken toe and cuneiform fracture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Foot#fracture 脚骨伤 10016970 foot fracture AE This is an AE which is one of the serious neurological complications in ACH. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27767902/ 枕骨大孔狭窄 10064157 foramen magnum stenosis AE This is an AE which is the region of the upper limb between the elbow and the wrist which is fracture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Forearm#Fracture 前臂骨折 10016997 forearm fracture AE This is an AE which is when a fractured bone does not heal properly. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Malunion 骨折畸形愈合 10017085 fracture malunion AE This is an AE which is broadly classified as surgical or conservative, the latter basically referring to any non-surgical procedure, such as pain management, immobilization or other non-surgical stabilization. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bone_fracture#Treatment 骨折的治疗 10061959 fracture treatment AE This is an AE which is a fracture of the coccyx. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Coccyx_fracture 尾骨骨折 10049164 fractured coccyx AE This is an AE which is a scaphoid fracture—a fracture of the scaphoid bone, one of the carpal bones. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hand#fracture 手骨折 10019114 hand fracture AE This is an AE which is a break of the humerus bone in the upper arm. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Humerus_fracture 肱骨骨折 10020462 humerus fracture AE This is an AE which is a medical condition combining clubbing and periostitis of the small hand joints, especially the distal interphalangeal joints and the metacarpophalangeal joints. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophic_osteoarthropathy 肥厚性骨关节病 10020877 hypertrophic osteoarthropathy AE This is an AE which is the second most common knee injury caused by inflammation located on the lateral aspect of the knee due to friction between the iliotibial band and the lateral epicondyle of the femur. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Iliotibial_band_syndrome 髂胫骨带综合征 10060813 iliotibial band syndrome AE This is an AE which is the separation of ilium into two or more pieces under the action of stress. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fracture 髂骨骨折 10021343 ilium fracture AE This is an AE which is the separation of limb into two or more pieces under the action of stress. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fracture 四肢骨折 10074551 limb fracture AE This is an AE which is the separation of lower limb into two or more pieces under the action of stress. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fracture 下肢骨折 10061599 lower limb fracture AE This is an AE which can directly produce massive RPH leading to hemorrhagic death. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29368084/ 腰骨伤 10049947 lumbar vertebral fracture AE This is an AE which is pain along the inside edge of the shinbone (tibia) due to inflammation of tissue in the area. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Shin_splints 内侧胫骨应力综合征 10065303 medial tibial stress syndrome AE This is an AE which is any painful foot condition affecting the metatarsal region of the foot. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Metatarsalgia 跖骨痛 10027487 metatarsalgia AE This is an AE which is a rare genetic disorder (dominant form: 1 in 10,000 births) that affects the growing ends of bones. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multiple_epiphyseal_dysplasia 多发性骨骺发育不良 10028197 multiple epiphyseal dysplasia AE This is an AE which is of high clinical relevance, as a significant increase in mortality rate has been described. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30747275/ 多发性骨折 10028200 multiple fractures AE This is an AE which comprises two syndromes characterized by heterotopic ossification (calcification) of muscle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myositis_ossificans 骨化性肌炎 10048618 myositis ossificans AE This is an AE which is a noninflammatory condition of an uncertain etiology, characterized by sclerotic bone lesions located mainly in the iliac region of the sacroiliac joints. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32328707/ 致密性骨炎 10031150 osteitis condensans AE This is an AE which is a painful type of osteochondrosis where the cartilage or bone in a joint is inflamed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Osteochondritis 骨软骨炎 10031230 osteochondritis AE This is an AE which is the most common benign tumors of the bones. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Osteochondroma 骨软骨瘤 10059587 osteochondroma AE This is an AE which is a family of orthopedic diseases of the joint that occur in children, adolescents and rapidly growing animals, particularly pigs, horses, dogs, and broiler chickens. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Osteochondrosis 骨软骨病 10031233 osteochondrosis AE This is an AE which is a group of genetic disorders that all result in bone that breaks easily.[9][1]: 85  The range of symptoms—on the skeleton as well as on the body's other organs—may be mild to severe. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Osteogenesis_imperfecta 成骨不全症 10031243 osteogenesis imperfecta AE This is an AE which is a new piece of bone usually growing on another piece of bone, typically the skull. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Osteoma 骨瘤 10031249 osteoma AE This is an AE which is a disease characterized by the softening of the bones caused by impaired bone metabolism primarily due to inadequate levels of available phosphate, calcium, and vitamin D, or because of resorption of calcium. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Osteomalacia 骨软化 10031250 osteomalacia AE This is an AE which is an extremely rare inherited disorder whereby the bones harden, becoming denser, in contrast to more prevalent conditions like osteoporosis, in which the bones become less dense and more brittle, or osteomalacia, in which the bones soften. Osteopetrosis can cause bones to dissolve and break. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Osteopetrosis 骨硬化病 10031280 osteopetrosis AE This is an AE which is a bone fracture caused by weakness of the bone structure that leads to decrease mechanical resistance to normal mechanical loads. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pathologic_fracture 骨质疏松性骨折 10031290 osteoporotic fracture AE This is an AE which is a cancerous tumor in a bone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Osteosarcoma 骨肉瘤 10031291 osteosarcoma AE This is an AE which is a break of the kneecap. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Patella_fracture 髌骨骨折 10034122 patella fracture AE This is an AE which is a bone fracture caused by weakness of the bone structure that leads to decrease mechanical resistance to normal mechanical loads. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pathologic_fracture 病理性骨折 10034156 pathological fracture AE This is an AE which is fibrous bands that form between joint tissues and organs, often as a result of injury during surgery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adhesion_(medicine) 关节粘连 10058031 joint adhesion AE This is an AE which is a stiffness of a joint due to abnormal adhesion and rigidity of the bones of the joint, which may be the result of injury or disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ankylosis 关节僵硬 10023198 joint ankylosis AE This is an AE which is a permanent shortening of a muscle or joint. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Contracture 关节挛缩 10023201 joint contracture AE This is an AE which refers a crunching sensation felt in certain medical problems on joint. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Crepitation 关节爆裂声 10051374 joint crepitation AE This is an AE which refers to damage to joint (physical vandalism) beyond the capability to repair. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Destruction 关节破坏 10023203 joint destruction AE This is an AE which occurs when there is an abnormal separation in the joint, where two or more bones meet. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Joint_dislocation?wprov=srpw1_0 减少关节脱位 10052988 joint dislocation reduction AE This is an AE which is a deformity in the knee joint, so that the knee bends backwards. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Genu_recurvatum 关节过伸 10062310 joint hyperextension AE This is an AE which refers to the resistance offered by various musculoskeletal tissues that surround a skeletal joint which is instability. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Joint_stability 关节不稳定 10064931 joint instability AE This is an AE which is necessary to achieve distension and visualization of the joint during arthroscopy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12590881/ 关节冲洗 10052987 joint irrigation AE This is an AE which has been implicated in ankle sprains, anterior cruciate ligament injury, shoulder instability, and osteoarthritis of the hand. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21807914/ 关节松弛 10070874 joint laxity AE This is an AE which is a common symptom that often leads to outpatient clinic visits. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29564040/ 关节噪声 10074329 joint noise AE This is an AE which is considered an important physical sign of joint dysfunction and/or joint pathology. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19697644/ 关节振动 10074327 joint vibration AE This is an AE which refers a somewhat high temperature on joint. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Warm 关节发热 10054106 joint warmth AE This is an AE which is any form of chronic arthritis or chronic arthritis-related conditions which affects individuals under the age of 16. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Childhood_arthritis 少年关节炎 10059177 juvenile arthritis AE This is an AE which is the most common, chronic rheumatic disease of childhood, affecting approximately one per 1,000 children. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Juvenile_idiopathic_arthritis 青少年特发性关节炎 10059176 juvenile idiopathic arthritis AE This is an AE which is a fairly common form of generalized epilepsy of presumed genetic origin (previously known an idiopathic generalized epilepsy), representing 5-10% of all epilepsy cases. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Juvenile_myoclonic_epilepsy 青少年肌阵挛性癫痫 10071082 juvenile myoclonic epilepsy AE This is an AE which is thought to be important regulators of disc cell metabolism. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17978649/ 椎间盘压迫 10055039 intervertebral disc compression AE This is an AE which refers anything arising from the intervertebral disc may be termed discogenic in particular when referring to associated pain as discogenic pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intervertebral_disc#Clinical_significance 椎间盘疾病 10061521 intervertebral disc disorder AE This is an AE which is an injury to the cushioning and connective tissue between vertebrae, usually caused by excessive strain or trauma to the spine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spinal_disc_herniation 椎间盘移位 10022636 intervertebral disc displacement AE This is an AE which associated strongly with the enhancement (Pearson's correlation coefficient 0.46, P < 0.001). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18949498/ 椎间盘间隙变窄 10055041 intervertebral disc space narrowing AE This is an AE which is a rare disorder which is easily missed and presents with non-specific symptoms such as irritability, abdominal pain, decreased appetite and limping. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27649709/ 椎间关节盘炎 10060738 intervertebral discitis AE This is an AE which is a very rare neurologic disorder classically characterised by pronounced startle responses to tactile or acoustic stimuli and hypertonia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperekplexia 肌张力过度 10058271 hyperexplexia AE This is an AE which is a rare, sometimes fatal neurological condition linked to the ingestion of the dietary supplement L-tryptophan. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eosinophilia%E2%80%93myalgia_syndrome 嗜酸细胞增多性肌痛综合征 10014952 eosinophilia myalgia syndrome AE This is an AE which refers to a group of functional disorders leading to abdominal pain due to dysfunction of the Sphincter of Oddi: functional biliary sphincter of Oddi and functional pancreatic sphincter of Oddi disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sphincter_of_Oddi_dysfunction 奥迪括约肌功能障碍 10066424 sphincter of oddi dysfunction AE This is an AE which is the most common inflammatory muscle disease in older adults. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inclusion_body_myositis 包涵体肌炎 10066407 inclusion body myositis AE This is an AE which is a complication after a viral infection mainly caused by Influenza A and B viruses. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31560498/ 病毒性肌炎 10051512 viral myositis AE This is an AE which is a relatively common infectious condition characterized by bullae or vesicles on the tympanic membrane (TM), without affecting the contents of the external or middle ear. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31971705/ 大疱性肌炎 10028659 myringitis bullous AE This is an AE which is myopathies that result from defects in biochemical metabolism that primarily affect muscle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_myopathy 代谢性肌病 10068836 metabolic myopathy AE This is an AE which symptoms usually appear about two years after adolescent growth spurt and is significantly more common in males (average age of onset, 15- to 25-year-old). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Monomelic_amyotrophy 单肢肌萎缩 10069681 monomelic amyotrophy AE This is an AE which is a type of chronic inflammation of the muscles (inflammatory myopathy) related to dermatomyositis and inclusion body myositis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Polymyositis 多肌炎 10036102 polymyositis AE This is an AE which is a form of dilated cardiomyopathy that is defined as a deterioration in cardiac function presenting typically between the last month of pregnancy and up to six months postpartum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peripartum_cardiomyopathy 分娩前后心肌病 10049430 peripartum cardiomyopathy AE This is an AE which is a birth defect where diaphragmatic tissue is wholly or largely absent. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aplasia 膈肌发育不全 10012711 diaphragmatic aplasia AE This is an AE which is a disorder of a sheet of internal skeletal muscle in humans and other mammals that extends across the bottom of the thoracic cavity . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_diaphragm 膈肌疾病 10061106 diaphragmatic disorder AE This is an AE which is an intense itching sensation of the arm usually between the wrist and elbow of either or both arms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Brachioradial_pruritus 肱桡肌瘙痒 10071443 brachioradial pruritus AE This is an AE which could result from external carotid artery (ECA) occlusive disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21397442/ 颌肌跛行 10009243 claudication of jaw muscles AE This is an AE which is a benign tumor of striated muscle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rhabdomyoma 横纹肌瘤 10039021 rhabdomyoma AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection of the skeletal muscles which results in an abscess. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pyomyositis 化脓性肌炎 10037652 pyomyositis AE This is an AE which is a disease of the muscle in which the muscle fibers do not function properly. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myopathy 肌病 10028641 myopathy AE This is an AE which is a tough, high-tensile-strength band of dense fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone and feel it discomfortable. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tendon 肌腱不适 10074599 tendon discomfort AE This is an AE which is a painful shoulder disorder characterised by either single or multiple deposits in the rotator cuff tendon. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26163832/ 肌腱钙化 10057888 tendon calcification AE This is an AE which is a form of tendon cell injury which results in the premature death of cells in living tissue by autolysis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Necrosis 肌腱坏死 10069650 tendon necrosis AE This is an AE which is a permanent shortening of a tendinous muscle or joint. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Contracture 肌腱挛缩 10043233 tendinous contracture AE This is an AE which is a tough, high-tensile-strength band of dense fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone and feel it pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tendon 肌腱痛 10066371 tendon pain AE This is an AE which is a sudden involuntary contraction of myofascial tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spasm 肌筋膜痉挛 10051378 myofascial spasm AE This is an AE which is a syndrome characterized by chronic pain in multiple myofascial trigger points ("knots") and fascial (connective tissue) constrictions. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myofascial_pain_syndrome 肌筋膜疼痛综合征 10048780 myofascial pain syndrome AE This is an AE which main cause of the disease is aseptic inflammation of local muscles and connective tissues such as myofascial, which can be manifested as paralysis, distension, and other discomfort, local muscle stiffness, spasm or palpable strain-like nodules. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34114979/ 肌筋膜炎 10052443 myofascitis AE This is an AE which is a type of muscular dystrophy, a group of genetic disorders that cause progressive muscle loss and weakness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myotonic_dystrophy 肌强直性营养不良 10068871 myotonic dystrophy AE This is an AE which is the medical term for intercostal muscle pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myalgia 肌痛肋间 10028413 myalgia intercostal AE This is an AE which is progressive wasting of muscle tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amyotrophy 肌萎缩 10002027 amyotrophy AE This is an AE which is an involuntary, spontaneous, localized quivering of a few muscles, or bundles within a muscle, but which are insufficient to move a joint. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myokymia 肌纤维颤搐 10028632 myokymia AE This is an AE which occurs in individuals of all ages who are affected by dystonia, a movement disorder in which sustained involuntary muscle contractions cause twisting and repetitive motions or painful and abnormal postures or positions. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tremor#Types 肌张力异常性颤抖 10073210 dystonic tremor AE This is an AE which is a disorder of the continuous and passive partial contraction of the muscles, or the muscle's resistance to passive stretch during resting state. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Muscle_tone 肌张力障碍 10072889 muscle tone disorder AE This is an AE which is a brief, involuntary, irregular (lacking rhythm) twitching (different from clonus, which is rhythmic/ regular) of a muscle or a group of muscles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myoclonus 肌阵挛 10028622 myoclonus AE This is an AE which refers to a family of epilepsies that present with myoclonus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myoclonic_epilepsy 肌阵挛性癫痫 10054859 myoclonic epilepsy AE This is an AE which is a benign, soft tissue tumor composed of myofibroblasts (i.e. immature cells that contain features of myocytes and fibroblasts) that typically occurs in subcutaneous tissue (i.e. lowermost layer of the skin), fascia (i.e. band of connective tissue just beneath the skin), and/or muscles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nodular_fasciitis 结节性筋膜炎 10065988 nodular fasciitis AE This is an AE which is a skin disease that presents with painful, red, raised, and warm patches of skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eosinophilic_cellulitis 嗜酸性蜂窝织炎 10053776 eosinophilic cellulitis AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory disease that affects the fascia, other connective tissues, surrounding muscles, blood vessels and nerves. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eosinophilic_fasciitis 嗜酸性筋膜炎 10014954 eosinophilic fasciitis AE This is an AE which is an infectious and sometimes fatal viral disease that affects cloven-hoofed animals, including domestic and wild bovids. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Foot-and-mouth_disease 口蹄疫 10016961 foot and mouth disease AE This is an AE which is primarily a disorder of healthy children and young adults, characterized by lesions that are primarily painful, subcutaneous nodules on the plantar surface, resembling erythema nodosum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Recurrent_palmoplantar_hidradenitis 足底红斑 10051170 plantar erythema AE This is an AE which is a disorder of the plantar fascia, which is the connective tissue which supports the arch of the foot. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Plantar_fasciitis 足底筋膜炎 10035155 plantar fasciitis AE This is an AE which is a common skin infection of the feet caused by fungus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Athlete%27s_foot 足癣 10043873 tinea pedis AE This is an AE which is an abnormal narrowing of the spinal canal or neural foramen that results in pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis 椎管狭窄 10082214 spinal stenosis AE This is an AE which is an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure such as vertebral foraminal . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stenosis 椎间孔狭窄 10069690 vertebral foraminal stenosis AE This is an AE which is a defect or stress fracture in the pars interarticularis of the vertebral arch. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spondylolysis 椎间盘突出症 10052013 spondylolysis AE This is an AE which is an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure such as vertebral lateral recess. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stenosis 椎体侧隐窝狭窄 10081612 vertebral lateral recess stenosis AE This is an AE which is a dislocation of an irregular bone with a complex structure composed of bone and some hyaline cartilage, the proportions of which vary according to the segment of the backbone and the species of vertebrate. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vertebra 椎体脱位，腰椎脱位 10013183 dislocation of vertebra AE This is an AE which refers to any clinical syndrome with either an excess of movement or a paucity of voluntary and involuntary movements, unrelated to weakness or spasticity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Movement_disorder 锥体外系疾病 10015832 extrapyramidal disorder AE This is an AE which is the absence of, or a violation of, symmetry such as limb asymmetry. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Asymmetry#Asymmetry_in_biology 肢体不对称 10070670 limb asymmetry AE This is an AE which is congenital musculoskeletal disorders which primarily affect the upper and lower limbs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congenital_limb_deformities 肢体畸形 10053652 limb deformity AE This is an AE which is a physical anomaly that is deleterious, i.e. a structural defect perceived as a problem such as limb malformation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect#congenital_malformation 肢体畸形 10024500 limb malformation AE This is an AE which is a mass on appendage of a human . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Limb 肢体肿块 10078503 limb mass AE This is an AE which is a form of neuraxial regional anaesthesia involving the injection of a local anaesthetic or opioid into the subarachnoid space, generally through a fine needle, usually 9 cm (3.5 in) long. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spinal_anaesthesia 脊髓型感觉缺失 10041536 spinal anaesthesia AE This is an AE which is a rare condition and should be considered a rare differential diagnosis to unexplained back pain. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20334799/ 腰疝 10024995 lumbar hernia AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which the spinal canal narrows and compresses the nerves and blood vessels at the level of the lumbar vertebrae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lumbar_spinal_stenosis 腰椎管狭窄症 10025005 lumbar spinal stenosis AE This is an AE which is the displacement of one spinal vertebra compared to another. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spondylolisthesis 脊柱滑脱 10063550 spondylolisthesis AE This is an AE which is flattening of the five vertebrae between the rib cage and the pelvis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lumbar_vertebrae 腰椎扁平化 10051823 lumbar spine flattening AE This is an AE which is a syndrome in which the facet joints (synovial diarthroses, from L2 to S1) cause painful symptoms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Facet_syndrome 小关节综合征 10054813 facet joint syndrome AE This is an AE which is a disorder of the hand that can be congenital or acquired. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hand_deformity 手畸形 10061194 hand deformity AE This is an AE which in older people is common following treatment for a wrist fracture, particularly after non-surgical treatment. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32197641/ 手腕畸形 10061415 wrist deformity AE This is an AE which presents with hyperkeratotic, fissure-prone, erythematous areas of the middle or proximal palm, and the volar surfaces of the fingers may also be involved. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperkeratotic_hand_dermatitis 手性皮炎 10058898 hand dermatitis AE This is an AE which is a fungal infection of the hand, mostly a type of dermatophytosis, often part of two feet-one hand syndrome. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tinea_manuum 手癣 10067197 tinea manuum AE This is an AE which is a common infection caused by a group of enteroviruses. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hand,_foot,_and_mouth_disease 手足口病 10019113 hand-foot-and-mouth disease AE This is an AE which is a symptom characterized by slow, involuntary, convoluted, writhing movements of the fingers, hands, toes, and feet and in some cases, arms, legs, neck and tongue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Athetosis 手足徐动症 10003620 athetosis AE This is an AE which is a small benign tumor that forms primarily in areas where the skin forms creases (or rubs together), such as the neck, armpit and groin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_tag 软垂疣 10000591 acrochordon AE This is an AE which is a heritable connective tissue disorder that affects joints and ligaments. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypermobility_spectrum_disorder 软筋症候群 10020677 hypermobility syndrome AE This is an AE which is medical conditions affecting soft tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Soft_tissue#Disorders 软组织疾病 10061366 soft tissue disorder AE This is an AE which is a mass of all the tissue in the body that is not hardened by the processes of ossification or calcification such as bones and teeth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Soft_tissue 软组织块 10071051 soft tissue mass AE This is an AE which is a malignant tumour, a type of cancer, that develops in soft tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Soft-tissue_sarcoma 软组织肉瘤 10075333 soft tissue sarcoma AE This is an AE which is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of the soft tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrophy 软组织萎缩 10068548 soft tissue atrophy AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of soft tissue to harmful stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 软组织炎症 10041290 soft tissue inflammation AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of soft tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 软组织肿瘤 10068771 soft tissue neoplasm AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of soft tissue not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 软组织肿胀 10076991 soft tissue swelling AE This is an AE which is rupture of the fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ligament 韧带断裂 10065433 ligament rupture AE This is an AE which is the stretching or tearing of ligaments within a joint, often caused by an injury abruptly forcing the joint beyond its functional range of motion. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sprain 韧带扭伤 10024453 ligament sprain AE This is an AE which is a cause of chronic body pain characterized by loose ligaments. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ligamentous_laxity 韧带松弛 10024452 ligament laxity AE This is an AE which is a disorder of the fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ligament 韧带障碍 10061222 ligament disorder AE This is an AE which is any disease that has the connective tissues of the body as a target of pathology. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Connective_tissue_disease?wprov=srpw1_0 结缔组织炎症 10057254 connective tissue inflammation AE This is an AE which refers to any joint disease of the vertebral column. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spondyloarthropathy 脊柱关节病 10051265 spondyloarthropathy AE This is an AE which is a spinal of posterior displacement of one vertebral body with respect to the subjacent vertebra to a degree less than a luxation (dislocation). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Retrolisthesis 脊柱后滑脱 10081602 spinal retrolisthesis AE This is an AE which is a physical anomaly that is deleterious, i.e. a structural defect perceived as a problem such as spine malformation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect#congenital_malformation 脊柱畸形 10041611 spine malformation AE This is an AE which is a birth defect in which there is incomplete closing of the spine and the membranes around the spinal cord during early development in pregnancy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spina_bifida 脊柱裂 10041524 spina bifida AE This is an AE which is a mass on the part of the axial skeleton. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vertebral_column 脊柱肿块 10054820 vertebral column mass AE This is an AE which feels pain of a small membranous protrusion from a neuron's dendrite. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spine 脊椎痛 10072005 spinal pain AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the vertebrae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spondylitis 脊椎炎 10061371 spondylitis AE This is an AE which is a form of gait abnormality. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spastic_gait 步态痉挛性 10017585 gait spastic AE This is an AE which is nominally referred to as any variation of standard human gait, typically manifesting as a coping mechanism in response to an anatomical impairment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gait_deviations 步态偏差 10054197 gait deviation AE This is an AE which is characterised by an inability to initiate the process of walking, despite the power and coordination of the legs being normal when tested in the seated or lying position. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bruns_apraxia 步态失用症 10070635 gait apraxia AE This is an AE which is nominally referred to as any variation of standard human gait, typically manifesting as a coping mechanism in response to an anatomical impairment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gait_deviations 步态障碍 10017577 gait disturbance AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of the fluid-filled sheath (called the synovium) that surrounds a tendon, typically leading to joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tenosynovitis 腱鞘炎 10043261 tenosynovitis AE This is an AE which can occur in apparently healthy subjects having no atypical appearance and who may be unaware of carrying risk. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20207434/ 腱索断裂 10008745 chordae tendinae rupture AE This is an AE which is a rare neurologic disorder of unclear cause characterized by progressive rigidity and stiffness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stiff-person_syndrome 僵人综合症 10072148 stiff person syndrome AE This is an AE which is an uncommon focal variant of the stiff person syndrome and is characterized by stiffness and painful spasms of the lower limbs, with no axial involvement. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27000980/ 僵腿综合症 10079359 stiff leg syndrome AE This is an AE which is defined as arthritis affecting two to four joints during the first six months of disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oligoarthritis 少关节炎 10082100 oligoarthritis AE This is an AE which refers to a height of a human which is below typical. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Short_stature 身材矮小 10040600 short stature AE This is an AE which is a limitation on a person's physical functioning, mobility, dexterity or stamina. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Physical_disability 身体残疾 10048624 physical disability AE This is an AE which is any intentional act causing injury or trauma to another person or animal by way of bodily contact. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Physical_abuse 虐待身体 10034982 physical abuse AE This is an AE which is the removal of a leg by trauma, medical illness, or surgery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amputation 腿部截肢 10024124 leg amputation AE This is an AE which is a deviation from normal walking (gait). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gait_abnormality 行走困难 10012794 difficulty in walking AE This is an AE which is one of the most widespread and impactful consequences of multiple sclerosis (MS). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29772185/ 行走障碍 10053204 walking disability AE This is an AE which is a condition in which one or more fingers become permanently bent in a flexed position. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dupuytren%27s_contracture 掌腱膜挛缩 10013872 dupuytren's contracture AE This is an AE which is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by abnormal thickening of the stratum corneum of the palms and soles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Palmoplantar_keratoderma 掌跖角化病 10033554 palmoplantar keratoderma AE This is an AE which is a bleeding into joint spaces. It is a common feature of hemophilia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemarthrosis 关节积血 10018829 haemarthrosis AE This is an AE which is very frequent and usually self limited to a few weeks. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16604875/ 病毒性关节炎 10003274 arthritis viral AE This is an AE which is a form of osteoarthritis following an injury to a joint. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Post-traumatic_arthritis 创伤性关节炎 10048873 traumatic arthritis AE This is an AE which should be regarded as infectious until proved otherwise. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9217557/ 单关节炎 10027811 monarthritis AE This is an AE which is inflammation within the sacroiliac joint. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sacroiliitis 骶髂关节炎 10039361 sacroiliitis AE This is an AE which is recurring pain symptoms that are relatively common in children ages 3 to 12. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Growing_pains 发育期痛 10018745 growing pains AE This is an AE which is an abnormality of the hip joint where the socket portion does not fully cover the ball portion, resulting in an increased risk for joint dislocation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hip_dysplasia 发育性髋关节发育不良 10073767 developmental hip dysplasia AE This is an AE which is an infection with arthritis caused by the rubella virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rubella 关节炎风疹 10003270 arthritis rubella AE This is an AE which is the invasion of a joint by an infectious agent streptococcal resulting in joint inflammation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Septic_arthritis 链球菌化脓性关节炎 10067323 septic arthritis streptococcal AE This is an AE which is the invasion of a joint by an infectious agent haemophilus resulting in joint inflammation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Septic_arthritis 嗜血杆菌化脓性关节炎 10040059 septic arthritis haemophilus AE This is an AE which is associated with conditions such as clubfoot, cerebral palsy, and myelodysplasia. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32398628/ 踝关节畸形 10071050 ankle deformity AE This is an AE which is a class of joint disorder (called arthropathy) that is characterized by accumulation of tiny crystals in one or more joints. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Crystal_arthropathy 晶体关节病 10061419 crystal arthropathy AE This is an AE which is an abnormality of the hip joint where the socket portion does not fully cover the ball portion, resulting in an increased risk for joint dislocation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hip_dysplasia 髋关节发育不良 10063175 hip dysplasia AE This is an AE which is a major abnormality in the shape of hip compared to the normal shape of that part. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Deformity 髋关节畸形 10061209 hip deformity AE This is an AE which is a disease in which the body mistakenly attacks its own tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Undifferentiated_connective_tissue_disease 未分化结缔组织病 10071575 undifferentiated connective tissue disease AE This is an AE which is an autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of elevated blood levels of a specific autoantibody, now called anti-U1 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) together with a mix of symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), scleroderma, and polymyositis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mixed_connective_tissue_disease 混合性结缔组织病 10027754 mixed connective tissue disease AE This is an AE which is a type of arthritis in which there is a long-term inflammation of the joints of the spine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ankylosing_spondylitis 强直性脊柱炎 10002556 ankylosing spondylitis AE This is an AE which is paralysis caused by illness or injury that results in the partial or total loss of use of all four limbs and torso; paraplegia is similar but does not affect the arms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tetraplegia 四肢瘫痪 10049680 quadriparesis AE This is an AE which is a sleep disorder where the patient moves limbs involuntarily and periodically during sleep, and has symptoms or problems related to the movement. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Periodic_limb_movement_disorder 周期性肢体运动障碍 10064600 periodic limb movement disorder AE This is an AE which is a stump pain of the removal of a limb by trauma, medical illness, or surgery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amputation 截肢残肢疼痛 10069724 amputation stump pain AE This is an AE which is frequently associated with other cerebral malformations. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11826610/ 透明隔发育不全 10062267 septum pellucidum agenesis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the tissues in the mid-chest, or mediastinum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mediastinitis 纵隔炎 10027082 mediastinitis AE This is an AE which refers a consequence of diaphragm dysfunction and atrophy, is common in the ICU and associated with serious clinical consequences. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31876624/ 横膈轻瘫 10012708 diaphragm muscle weakness AE This is an AE which is a major abnormality in the shape of shoulder compared to the normal shape of that part. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Deformity 肩部畸形 10062241 shoulder deformity AE This is an AE which is typically a symptom-limiting condition that resolves spontaneously. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23370373/ 肩周炎 10034464 periarthritis AE This is an AE which is a major abnormality in the shape of neck compared to the normal shape of that part. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Deformity 颈部畸形 10061307 neck deformity AE This is an AE which is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of cervical plexus, usually caused by disease or trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lesion 颈丛病变 10067785 cervical plexus lesion AE This is an AE which is a cervical root distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 颈根疼痛 10008303 cervical root pain AE This is an AE which is flattening of the vertebrae of the neck, immediately below the skull. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cervical_vertebrae 颈椎扁平化 10051824 cervical spine flattening AE This is an AE which is a medical condition of pregnancy in which the cervix begins to dilate (widen) and efface (thin) before the pregnancy has reached term. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cervical_weakness 颈锥功能不全 10008267 cervical incompetence AE This is an AE which lies superficially in front of the distal end of the radius, between the tendons of the brachioradialis and flexor carpi radialis; it is here that clinician takes the radial pulse. (where it is commonly used to assess the heart rate and cardiac rhythm). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Radial_artery#pulse 径向脉冲 10053935 radial pulse AE This is an AE which is a disorder in which the muscles that generate a person's voice go into periods of spasm. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spasmodic_dysphonia 喉肌痉挛症 10067672 spasmodic dysphonia AE This is an AE which is a group of inherited diseases whose main feature is a progressive gait disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hereditary_spastic_paraplegia 痉挛性截瘫 10048792 spastic paraplegia AE This is an AE which is a feature of altered skeletal muscle performance with a combination of paralysis, increased tendon reflex activity, and hypertonia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spasticity 痉挛性麻痹 10041415 spastic paralysis AE This is an AE which is a highly characteristic, abnormal, sustained spasm of the facial muscles that appears to produce grinning. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Risus_sardonicus 痉笑 10039198 risus sardonicus AE This is an AE which is a behavioral characteristic assigned to those with conditions that are regarded as rare or dysfunctional such as somatic dysfunction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abnormality_(behavior) 躯体功能障碍 10077554 somatic dysfunction AE This is an AE which is a mental and behavioral disorder characterized by recurring, multiple, and current, clinically significant complaints about somatic symptoms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Somatization_disorder 躯体化障碍 10041318 somatisation disorder AE This is an AE which is a perception in the absence of an external stimulus that has the qualities of a real perception. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hallucination 躯体幻觉 10062684 somatic hallucination AE This is an AE which is a fixed belief that is not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Delusion 躯体妄想 10041317 somatic delusion AE This is an AE which is a method of medication administration in which a medicine is injected into the epidural space around the spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Epidural_administration 硬膜外麻醉 10015011 epidural anaesthesia AE This is an AE which is a surgical procedure that uses autologous blood in order to close one or many holes in the dura mater of the spinal cord, usually as a result of a previous lumbar puncture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Epidural_blood_patch 硬膜外血贴片 10055034 epidural blood patch AE This is an AE which is a method of medication administration in which a medicine is injected into the epidural space around the spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Epidural_administration 硬膜外镇痛 10054891 epidural analgesia AE This is an AE which is a form of empyema – a collection of pus, in the subdural space. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Subdural_empyema 硬膜下积脓 10042360 subdural empyema AE This is an AE which refers to an effusion in the subdural space, usually of cerebrospinal fluid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Subdural_effusion 硬膜下积液 10054797 subdural effusion AE This is an AE which is postictal process of a loss of motor function in one or more muscles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paralysis 发作后麻痹 10052469 postictal paralysis AE This is an AE which has a variable definition in the literature without consideration of degree or substratification of other confounders such as the presence of arthritis or pain. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28526423/ 假性麻痹 10056300 pseudoparalysis AE This is an AE which is a disorder of viscous, non-Newtonian fluid found in the cavities of synovial joints. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Synovial_fluid 滑膜病 10061374 synovial disorder AE This is an AE which is the medical term for inflammation of the synovial membrane. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Synovitis 滑膜炎 10042868 synovitis AE This is an AE which is crystal of viscous, non-Newtonian fluid found in the cavities of synovial joints. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Synovial_fluid 滑液结晶 10063369 synovial fluid crystal AE This is an AE which is a group of diseases with necrotising whose hallmark is inflammation of subcutaneous adipose tissue (the fatty layer under the skin panniculus adiposus). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Panniculitis 坏死性脂膜炎 10062579 necrotising panniculitis AE This is an AE which is a collection or gathering of pus within a naturally existing anatomical cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Empyema 积脓症 10014568 empyema AE This is an AE which is an accumulation of serous fluid in a body cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hydrocele 积水 10020488 hydrocele AE This is an AE which is conditions causing chronic, often intermittent pain affecting the joints or connective tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rheumatism 风湿病 10072736 rheumatic disorder AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory disease that can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rheumatic_fever 风湿热 10039054 rheumatic fever AE This is an AE which is a syndrome characterised by recurrent, self-resolving inflammatory attacks in and around the joints, consists of arthritis or periarticular soft tissue inflammation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Palindromic_rheumatism 复发性风湿病 10033534 palindromic rheumatism AE This is an AE which is a neurodegenerative disease that is mostly inherited. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Huntington%27s_disease 亨廷顿氏舞蹈症 10070668 huntington's disease AE This is an AE which is the occurrence of involuntary movements in a combination of chorea (irregular migrating contractions) and athetosis (twisting and writhing). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Choreoathetosis 舞蹈手足徐动症 10008754 choreoathetosis AE This is an AE which is crystal of viscous, non-Newtonian fluid found in the cavities of synovial joints. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Synovial_fluid 存在滑液结晶 10057112 synovial fluid crystal present AE This is an AE which is a basal ganglia syndrome resulting from damage to the subthalamic nucleus in the basal ganglia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemiballismus 颤搐 10058504 ballismus AE This is an AE which is a medical sign consisting of the involuntary contraction of muscles, which may be caused by disorders that increase the action potential frequency of muscle cells or the nerves that innervate them. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tetany 抽搐 10043380 tetany AE This is an AE which is a medical condition where local body muscles contract and relax rapidly and repeatedly, resulting in uncontrolled shaking. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Convulsion 局部抽搐 10010920 convulsions local AE This is an AE which is an involuntary, somewhat rhythmic, muscle contraction and relaxation involving oscillations or twitching movements of one or more body parts. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tremor 静止性震颤 10071390 resting tremor AE This is an AE which is a medical sign observed in patients with low calcium. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Trousseau_sign_of_latent_tetany 潜在性手足搐搦 10052067 latent tetany AE This is an AE which is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of meniscus , usually caused by disease or trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lesion 半月板损伤 10053777 meniscus lesion AE This is an AE which is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by recurrent attacks of a red, tender, hot, and swollen joint. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gout 痛风 10018627 gout AE This is an AE which is a disorder characterized by catching or locking of the involved finger. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Trigger_finger 狭窄性腱鞘炎 10056698 tenosynovitis stenosans AE This is an AE which is a disorder characterized by rapid, uncoordinated jerking movements primarily affecting the face, hands and feet. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sydenham%27s_chorea 西德纳姆舞蹈病 10042732 sydenham's chorea AE This is an AE which is a medical condition where body muscles contract and relax rapidly and repeatedly, resulting in uncontrolled shaking and is clonic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Convulsion 阵发性痉挛 10053398 clonic convulsion AE This is an AE which is a medical condition characterized by involuntary rhythmic contractions and relaxations (oscillations or twitching movements) of certain muscle groups in one or more body parts of unknown cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Essential_tremor 姿势震颤 10073211 postural tremor AE This is an AE which preceding convulsion has been observed in sports injuries at the moment of impact where extension and flexion of opposite arms occur despite body position or gravity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fencing_response 强直姿势 10075125 tonic posturing AE This is an AE which results in avascular necrosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infarction 骨梗死 10049824 bone infarction AE This is an AE which may refer to a number of entities: Osteoporosis, a condition in which overall bone density decreases Periodontitis, a condition in which the supporting bone around teeth exhibits resorption. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bone_loss 骨质流失 10065687 bone loss AE This is an AE which is an abnormal growth of tissue in bone, traditionally classified as noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bone_tumor 骨肿瘤 10005995 bone neoplasm AE This is an AE which the primary symptom of is pain, which often occurs at rest or at night. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18399615/ 恶性骨肿瘤 10053650 bone neoplasm malignant AE This is an AE which is a primary malignant bone tumour, a type of sarcoma that starts in the bones. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bone_sarcoma 骨肉瘤 10006007 bone sarcoma AE This is an AE which is an infectious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis 骨结核病 10056377 bone tuberculosis AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of a facial bone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bone_fracture 面部骨骼断裂 10016042 facial bones fracture AE This is an AE which is a subtype of the rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue cancer family whose lineage is from mesenchymal cells and are related to skeletal muscle cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alveolar_rhabdomyosarcoma 腺泡状横纹肌肉瘤 10065867 alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma AE This is an AE which is pain syndromes where excessive, acute and chronic pain are observed for which no overt primary cause can be found or surmised. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amplified_musculoskeletal_pain_syndromes 放大肌肉骨骼疼痛综合征 10082375 amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome AE This is an AE which is a mass of muscle cells (tumor) that lacks the ability to either invade neighboring tissue or metastasize (spread throughout the body). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Benign_tumor 良性肌肉肿瘤 10061692 benign muscle neoplasm AE This is an AE which is the accumulation of calcium salts in a body muscle tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Calcification 肌肉钙化 10049797 calcification of muscle AE This is an AE which is a malignant (cancerous) smooth muscle tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Leiomyosarcoma 平滑肌肉瘤 10024189 leiomyosarcoma AE This is an AE which is a medical condition characterized by the inability to control facial movements (such as chewing and speaking) and caused by a variety of neurological disorders. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pseudobulbar_palsy 假性球麻痹 10037114 pseudobulbar palsy AE This is an AE which is a medical condition. It belongs to a group of disorders known as motor neuron diseases. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Progressive_bulbar_palsy 进行性延髓麻痹 10036800 progressive bulbar palsy AE This is an AE which refers to a range of different signs and symptoms linked to impairment of function of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), the vagus nerve (CN X), the accessory nerve (CN XI), and the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bulbar_palsy 延髓性麻痹 10006542 bulbar palsy AE This is an AE which is any mental disorder that manifests as physical symptoms that suggest illness or injury, but cannot be explained fully by a general medical condition or by the direct effect of a substance, and are not attributable to another mental disorder (e.g., panic disorder). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Somatic_symptom_disorder 躯体症状障碍 10078076 somatic symptom disorder AE This is an AE which is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by recurrent attacks of a red, tender, hot, and swollen joint. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gout 痛风性关节炎 10018634 gouty arthritis AE This is an AE which is a term often used to mean any disorder that affects joints caused by bacterial. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Arthritis 细菌性关节炎 10053555 arthritis bacterial AE This is an AE which is a long-term inflammatory arthritis that occurs in people affected by the autoimmune disease psoriasis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Psoriatic_arthritis 银屑病关节病 10037162 psoriatic arthropathy AE This is an AE which is a chronic, autoinflammatory disease predominantly affecting the axial skeleton (sacroiliac joints and spine). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Axial_spondyloarthritis 轴向脊椎关节炎 10071400 axial spondyloarthritis AE This is an AE which is a major abnormality in the shape of elbow compared to the normal shape of that part. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Deformity 肘关节畸形 10061833 elbow deformity AE This is an AE which is a complex, rare, and severe childhood-onset epilepsy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lennox%E2%80%93Gastaut_syndrome 伦诺克斯-胃肠综合征 10048816 lennox-gastaut syndrome AE This is an AE which is a paralytic illness that resembles poliomyelitis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31503131/ 急性哮喘后肌萎缩症 10066224 acute post asthmatic amyotrophy AE This is an AE which is a condition which is believed to result from compression of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Piriformis_syndrome 梨状肌综合症 10049433 piriformis syndrome AE This is an AE which is a benign smooth muscle tumor that very rarely becomes cancer (0.1%). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Leiomyoma 平滑肌瘤 10024184 leiomyoma AE This is an AE which is a rare, but catastrophic mechanical complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15362545/ 乳头状肌断裂 10033698 papillary muscle rupture AE This is an AE which is a crisis of a long-term neuromuscular disease that leads to varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myasthenia_gravis 重症肌无力危象 10062758 myasthenia gravis crisis AE This is an AE which occurs when blood flow decreases or stops to the coronary artery of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle and it is silent. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myocardial_infarction 无症状心肌梗塞 10049768 silent myocardial infarction AE This is an AE which is a form of focal dystonia affecting the mouth, jaw and tongue, and in this disease it is hard to speak. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oromandibular_dystonia 下颌肌张力障碍 10067954 oromandibular dystonia AE This is an AE which is types of myopathies associated with mitochondrial disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_myopathy 线粒体肌病 10027710 mitochondrial myopathy AE This is an AE which is an injury where one or more of the tendons or muscles of the rotator cuff of the shoulder get torn. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rotator_cuff_tear 旋转肌综合症 10039227 rotator cuff syndrome AE This is an AE which is a long-term neuromuscular disease that leads to varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myasthenia_gravis 重症肌无力 10028417 myasthenia gravis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the perichondrium, a layer of connective tissue which surrounds cartilage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Perichondritis 软骨膜炎 10062067 perichondritis AE This is an AE which is a medical condition caused by inflammation of the periosteum, a layer of connective tissue that surrounds bone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Periostitis 骨膜炎 10034551 periostitis AE This is an AE which is a hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy of the peripheral nervous system characterized by progressive loss of muscle tissue and touch sensation across various parts of the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Charcot%E2%80%93Marie%E2%80%93Tooth_disease 腓骨肌萎缩症 10034699 peroneal muscular atrophy AE This is an AE which is a multi-systemic condition characterized by repeated episodes of inflammation and deterioration of cartilage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Relapsing_polychondritis 多软骨炎 10065159 polychondritis AE This is an AE which is the most forward-facing (ventral and anterior) of the three main bones making up the pelvis and feel it pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pubis_(bone) 耻骨痛 10049747 pubic pain AE This is an AE which is the ventral and anterior of the three parts forming the hip bone and has fracture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hip_bone#Pubis 耻骨骨折 10070286 pubis fracture AE This is an AE which is one of the most commonly treated fractures in the United States. The highest rates are seen among the elderly, second only to hip fractures. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29499822/ 桡骨骨折 10037802 radius fracture AE This is an AE which is a break in a rib bone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rib_fracture 肋骨骨折 10039117 rib fracture AE This is an AE which is different classification of osteoporosis: primary, in which bone loss is a result of aging and secondary, in which bone loss occurs from various clinical and lifestyle factors. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Senile_osteoporosis 老年性骨质疏松症 10039984 senile osteoporosis AE This is an AE which is a general term for a disorder of the development (dysplasia) of bone ("osteo") and cartilage ("chondro"). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Osteochondrodysplasia 骨骼发育不良 10072610 skeletal dysplasia AE This is an AE which is a fatigue-induced bone fracture caused by repeated stress over time. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stress_fracture 应力性骨折 10042212 stress fracture AE This is an AE which is a region of the abdomen located below the umbilical region and feels pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypogastrium 耻骨上痛 10050822 suprapubic pain AE This is an AE which can be classified according to the involved bone into: femoral fracture (in the upper leg) and crus fracture (in the lower leg). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Human_leg#Fracture 胫骨骨折 10043827 tibia fracture AE This is an AE which is a break in the ulna bone, one of the two bones in the forearm. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ulna_fracture 尺骨骨折 10045357 ulna fracture AE This is an AE which is caused by entrapment of the ulnar nerve in the Guyon canal as it passes through the wrist. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ulnar_tunnel_syndrome 尺骨隧道症候群 10058942 ulnar tunnel syndrome AE This is an AE which is a break of the humerus bone in the upper arm. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Humerus_fracture 上肢骨折 10061394 upper limb fracture AE This is an AE which is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of vertebral , usually caused by disease or trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lesion 椎骨病变 10048877 vertebral lesion AE This is an AE which is related to anatomical structures adjacent to the spinal column. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20383671/ 椎骨骨赘 10055042 vertebral osteophyte AE This is an AE which is characterized by presence of a very rigid foot deformity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rocker_bottom_foot 垂直距骨 10066242 vertical talus AE This is an AE which is a skeletal medical condition in which the shoulder blade protrudes from a person's back in an abnormal position. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Winged_scapula 翼状肩胛骨 10067628 winged scapula AE This is an AE which is pain that results from touching the region inside of the costovertebral angle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Costovertebral_angle_tenderness 肋椎角压痛 10051704 costovertebral angle tenderness AE This is an AE which is characterised by focal thickening of the skin of the hands and feet and is associated with a very high lifetime risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26419362/ 掌跖角化过度 10052573 hyperkeratosis palmaris and plantaris AE This is an AE which occurs when an organism is exceptionally small. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dwarfism 矮小体型 10071034 microsomia AE This is an AE which is any condition that makes it more difficult for a person to do certain activities or effectively interact with the world around them (socially or materially). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Disability 残疾 10013050 disability AE This is an AE which refers slowness of initiation of voluntary movement with a progressive reduction in speed and range of repetitive actions, such as voluntary finger-tapping. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypokinesia#Bradykinesia 动作迟缓 10006100 bradykinesia AE This is an AE which is a seizure associated with a high body temperature but without any serious underlying health issue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Febrile_seizure 高热惊厥 10016284 febrile convulsion AE This is an AE which is a bony growth originating inside a ligament, commonly seen in the ligaments of the spine, specifically the ligaments in the intervertebral joints leading to fusion of vertebrae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Syndesmophyte 合生体 10057603 syndesmophyte AE This is an AE which is a symptom that describes muscle pain on mild exertion (ache, cramp, numbness or sense of fatigue), classically in the calf muscle, which occurs during exercise, such as walking, and is relieved by a short period of rest. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intermittent_claudication 间歇性跛行 10022562 intermittent claudication AE This is an AE which refers a small aggregation of cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nodule 结节 10054107 nodule AE This is an AE which is a lump of tissue, or an area of swelling, that appear on the exterior of the skin usually around the olecranon (tip of the elbow) or the interphalangeal joints (finger knuckles), but can appear in other areas. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_nodule 类风湿结节 10048694 rheumatoid nodule AE This is an AE which is a deformity of the joint connecting the big toe to the foot. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bunion 姆囊炎 10006585 bunion AE This is an AE which is a childhood hip disorder initiated by a disruption of blood flow to the head of the femur. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Legg%E2%80%93Calv%C3%A9%E2%80%93Perthes_disease 佩尔特斯疾病 10034735 perthes disease AE This is an AE which is a condition in which one side of the body or a part of one side of the body is larger than the other to an extent considered greater than the normal variation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemihypertrophy 偏侧肥大 10019463 hemihypertrophy AE This is an AE which is any of various types of abnormal growth or development of cells (microscopic scale) or organs (macroscopic scale), and the abnormal histology or anatomical structure resulting from such growth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysplasia 起立困难 10050256 dysstasia AE This is an AE which is a radially symmetrical contraction and relaxation of muscles that propagates in a wave down a tube, in an anterograde direction and is visible. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peristalsis 蠕动可见 10034647 peristalsis visible AE This is an AE which is a dystonic condition defined by an abnormal, asymmetrical head or neck position, which may be due to a variety of causes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Torticollis 斜颈 10044074 torticollis AE This is an AE which is the placement of the body in a reverentially or submissively prone position as a gesture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Prostration 虚脱 10036985 prostration AE QY, JX, HY 肌肉不适 10028299 muscle discomfort AE QY, JX, HY 浮游髌骨 10065564 floating patella AE QY, JX, HY 头骨反射缺失 10050002 oculocephalogyric reflex absent AE QY, JX, HY 骨关节病 10031173 osteoarthropathy AE QY, JX, HY 关节沉积 10023202 joint deposit AE QY, JX, HY 关节硬化 10060788 joint stabilisation AE QY, JX, HY 判断力减退 10023236 judgement impaired AE QY, JX, HY 肌腱松弛 10074443 tendon laxity AE QY, JX, HY 肌硬化症 10064584 myosclerosis AE QY, JX, HY 足底矫正 10062500 talipes correction AE QY, JX, HY 腰椎间盘突出症 10063410 lumbarisation AE QY, JX, HY 韧带炎 10064804 ligamentitis AE QY, JX, HY 类固醇依赖性 10082986 steroid dependence AE QY, JX, HY 关节处身体松动 10024829 loose body in joint AE QY, JX, HY 关节周围疾病 10048745 periarticular disorder AE QY, JX, HY 四肢结节 10050690 nodule on extremity AE QY, JX, HY 膈痛 10052749 diaphragmalgia AE QY, JX, HY 骺融合延迟 10015077 epiphyses delayed fusion AE QY, JX, HY 积脓症排水 10014569 empyema drainage AE QY, JX, HY 肋间收缩 10022533 intercostal retraction AE This is an AE which is a disorder characterized by catching or locking of the involved finger. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Trigger_finger 扳机指 10044654 trigger finger AE This is an AE whcih is a very rare medical syndrome that includes pleural effusions, lymphedema (due to under development of the lymphatic vessels) and yellow dystrophic nails. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Yellow_nail_syndrome 黄指甲综合征 10048244 yellow nail syndrome AE This is an AE which is a medical condition that causes one or more fingers to be permanently bent and is acquired. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Camptodactyly 屈曲指收购 10049132 camptodactyly acquired AE This is an AE which refers to a congenital deformity involving one foot or both , a relatively short and round thumb with an accompanying wide nail bed or a deformity of the fingers and fingernails. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Clubbing 杵状指 10009691 clubbing AE This is an AE which is inflammation of an entire digit (a finger or toe),and can be painful. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dactylitis 指炎 10064769 dactylitis AE This is an AE which is common in patients with systemic sclerosis, affecting over half of patients during the course of their disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30205981/ 手指性溃疡 10072119 digital ulcer AE This is an AE which is the removal of a finger by trauma, medical illness, or surgery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amputation 手指截肢 10016678 finger amputation AE This is an AE which is a major abnormality in the shape of a body part or organ compared to the normal shape of that part such as finger. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Deformity 手指畸形 10061156 finger deformity AE This is an AE which is a disorder of the bones and is a rare disease in which the outer part of the shafts of long bones is thinner than normal and there is an increased chance of fractures. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Metaphyseal_dysplasia 口指面骨发育不全 10066147 metaphyseal dysplasia AE This is an AE which is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of the nail. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrophy 指甲萎缩 10068058 nail atrophy AE This is an AE which is a collection of blood (hematoma) underneath a toenail or fingernail (subungal hematoma). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Subungual_hematoma 甲床出血 10048891 nail bed bleeding AE This is an AE which refers to the skin beneath the nail plate is disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nail_bed 甲床疾病 10070533 nail bed disorder AE This is an AE which refers onychomycosis or tinea unguium, is a fungal infection of the nail. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Onychomycosis 甲床感染 10067867 nail bed infection fungal AE This is an AE which is a disease or deformity of the nail. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nail_disease 甲营养不良 10028698 nail dystrophy AE This is an AE which occurs by alteration of shape, partial loss, or absence of the nail, resulting in loss of the nail fold physiological limit. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34604327/ 指甲肥大 10028700 nail hypertrophy AE This is an AE which can cause the nail plate to be torn from the nail bed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Avulsion_injury 指甲受伤 10068655 nail injury AE This is an AE which is a much less frequent cause of brown-black nail color than other melanocytic and nonmelanocytic pigmentations, which include subungual hematoma, exogenous pigmentations, and melanonychia due to benign conditions. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25828711/ 指甲色素沉着 10058455 nail pigmentation AE This is an AE which is a form of extremely localized corrosion that leads to the creation of small holes in the metal on the nail. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pitting_corrosion 指甲凹陷 10028702 nail pitting AE This is an AE which is an anomaly in humans and animals resulting in supernumerary fingers and/or toes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Polydactyly 多指多趾 10036063 polydactyly AE This is an AE which is a nail disease that can be a sign of hypochromic anemia, especially iron-deficiency anemia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Koilonychia 凹甲 10054999 koilonychia AE This is an AE which is less common and typically more severe than hammer toe. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30309185/ 获得性爪趾 10057689 acquired claw toe AE This is an AE which is the removal of a toe by trauma, medical illness, or surgery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amputation 脚趾截肢 10043913 toe amputation AE This is an AE which refers to a condition where a person walks on their toes without putting much or any weight on the heel or any other part of the foot. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Toe_walking 脚趾走路 10068872 toe walking AE QY, JX, HY 指甲不舒服 10028693 nail discomfort AE This is an AE which is a visible body part at the mouth of humans and it has desease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lip 唇部疾病 10048470 lip disorder AE This is an AE which is a group of conditions that includes cleft lip, cleft palate, and both together. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cleft_lip_and_cleft_palate 唇腭裂 10009260 cleft lip and palate AE This is an AE which is inflammation of one or both corners of the mouth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Angular_cheilitis 唇炎 10008418 cheilosis AE This is an AE which is redness of the lip skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 唇红斑 10080124 lip erythema AE This is an AE which is a group of conditions that includes cleft lip, cleft palate, and both together. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cleft_lip_and_cleft_palate 唇裂 10009259 cleft lip AE This is an AE which is a sensation that causes the desire or reflex to scratch lip. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Itch 唇瘙痒 10070721 lip pruritus AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the body's tissue such as lip oedema. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 唇水肿 10024558 lip edema AE This is an AE which is a localized bleeding outside of lip blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 唇血肿 10066304 lip hematoma AE This is an AE which is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the lips. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cheilitis 唇炎 10008417 cheilitis AE This is an AE which is the roof of the mouth in humans and its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Palate 腭部疾病 10052453 palatal disorder AE This is an AE which is a common presentation and can be conveniently divided into developmental and acquired causes, the latter of which is subdivided into acute and chronic causes. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25441477/ 腭溃疡 10077519 palatal ulcer AE This is an AE which is a group of conditions that includes cleft lip, cleft palate, and both together. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cleft_lip_and_cleft_palate 腭裂 10009269 cleft palate AE This is an AE which is a medical term which refers to various types of paralysis, often accompanied by weakness and the loss of feeling and uncontrolled body movements such as palatal palsy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Palsy 腭麻痹 10072012 palatal palsy AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the palatal tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 腭水肿 10056998 palatal edema AE This is an AE which the most frequent known interstitial deletion identified in man, is associated with chromosomal microdeletions in the q11 band of chromosome 22. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15877762/ 腭心面综合征 10066430 velo-cardio-facial syndrome AE This is an AE which is a malfunction of a velopharyngeal mechanism which is responsible for directing the transmission of sound energy and air pressure in both the oral cavity and the nasal cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Velopharyngeal_inadequacy 腭咽功能不全 10066790 velopharyngeal incompetence AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of palatal part or area not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 腭肿胀 10074403 palatal swelling AE This is an AE which is a colored material that is completely or nearly insoluble in water adhere the lip. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pigment 嘴唇色素沉着 10035025 pigmentation lip AE This is an AE which is a pseudo-pathological name of what is either considered a normal adaptive lip seal mechanism, whereby normal nasal breathing or normal swallowing can occur. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tongue_thrust 舌刺 10082545 tongue thrust AE This is an AE which is a medical condition and abnormality which involves the downward displacement or retraction of the tongue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glossoptosis 舌下垂 10059138 glossoptosis AE This is an AE which is a loss of motor function in one or more tongue muscles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paralysis 舌麻痹 10043972 tongue paralysis AE This is an AE which is a closed sac on the tongue, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 舌囊肿 10051879 tongue cyst AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of of tongue papillae tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 舌乳头肥大 10020893 hypertrophy of tongue papillae AE This is an AE which is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of tongue papillae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrophy 舌乳头萎缩 10003712 atrophy of tongue papillae AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the tongue tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 舌水肿 10043967 tongue edema AE This is an AE which refers a grayish-white deposit on the tongue, is the main cause of intra-oral halitosis (IOH), a socially unacceptable condition. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29269592/ 舌苔 10043945 tongue coated AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged tongue blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 舌头出血 10049870 tongue hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a condition of the mucous membrane of the tongue, usually on the dorsal surface. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Geographic_tongue 地图舌 10043957 tongue geographic AE This is an AE which is a muscular organ in the mouth of a typical vertebrate and is feel dry. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tongue 舌头干燥 10049713 tongue dry AE This is an AE which is redness of the tongue skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 舌头红斑 10079075 tongue erythema AE This is an AE which is a sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ such as the tongue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spasm 舌头痉挛 10043981 tongue spasm AE This is an AE which is a small pocket of body fluid (lymph, serum, plasma, blood, or pus) within the upper layers of the tongue skin, usually caused by forceful rubbing (friction), burning, freezing, chemical exposure or infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blister 舌头起泡 10043942 tongue blistering AE This is an AE which refers a cosmetic technique that aims to remove dead skin from the tongue . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exfoliation 舌头去角质 10064488 tongue exfoliation AE This is an AE which is a sensation that causes the desire or reflex to scratch tongue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Itch 舌头瘙痒 10070072 tongue pruritus AE This is an AE which is a colored material that is completely or nearly insoluble in water adhere the tongue . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pigment 舌头色素沉着 10069164 tongue pigmentation AE This is an AE which is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of the tongue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrophy 舌头萎缩 10055028 tongue atrophy AE This is an AE which is regularly investigated for the death caused by strangulation or hanging, whilst seems to be overlooked in case of charred remains as the significance of this sign is still discussed. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31187740/ 舌突出 10037076 protrusion tongue AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged tooth socket blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 牙槽出血 10064946 tooth socket hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the airspaces (alveoli). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypersensitivity_pneumonitis 牙槽炎 10001889 alveolitis AE This is an AE which is a hard, calcified structure found in the jaws (or mouths) of many vertebrates and used to break down food and it has deposit. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tooth 牙齿沉积 10044029 tooth deposit AE This is an AE which is underdevelopment or incomplete development of tooth . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoplasia 牙齿发育不全 10044041 tooth hypoplasia AE This is an AE which is an abnormal sensation of the skin or tooth (tingling, pricking, chilling, burning, numbness) with no apparent physical cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paresthesia 牙齿感觉异常 10078276 dental paraesthesia AE This is an AE which is a physical anomaly that is deleterious on tooth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect#congenital_malformation 牙齿畸形 10044046 tooth malformation AE This is an AE which is dental pain which is sharp in character and of short duration, arising from exposed dentin surfaces in response to stimuli, typically thermal, evaporative, tactile, osmotic, chemical or electrical; and which cannot be ascribed to any other dental disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dentin_hypersensitivity 牙齿敏感 10040012 sensitivity of teeth AE This is an AE which is the complete displacement of a tooth from its socket in alveolar bone owing to trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dental_avulsion 牙齿撕脱 10065953 tooth avulsion AE This is an AE which is the horizontal or vertical displacement of a tooth beyond its normal physiological boundaries around the gingival area, i.e. the medical term for a loose tooth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tooth_mobility 牙齿松动 10065612 loose tooth AE This is an AE which is one that fails to erupt into the dental arch within the expected developmental window. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tooth_impaction 牙齿阻生 10044042 tooth impacted AE This is an AE which is a type of tissue death caused by a lack of blood supply occured on dental. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gangrene 牙科坏疽 10063066 dental gangrene AE This is an AE which is inflammation of dental pulp tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulpitis 牙髓炎 10037464 pulpitis dental AE This is an AE which is the process of lightening the color of human teeth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tooth_whitening 牙龈变色 10018278 gingival discoloration AE This is an AE which consist of the mucosal tissue that lies over the mandible and maxilla inside the mouth and feel it discomfortable. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gums 牙龈不适 10077854 gingival discomfort AE This is an AE which is a non-destructive disease that causes inflammation of the gums. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gingivitis 牙龈发炎 10072575 gingival inflammation AE This is an AE which is an increase in the size of the gingiva (gums). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gingival_enlargement 牙龈肥大 10018284 gingival hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is the term given to any disorder primarily affecting the gingiva. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gingival_disease 牙龈疾病 10018280 gingival disorder AE This is an AE which is a discontinuity or break in gingival membrane that impedes normal function of the affected organ. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ulcer 牙龈溃疡 10049398 gingival ulceration AE This is an AE which is a type of cysts of the jaws that originates from the dental lamina and is found in the mouth parts. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gingival_cyst 牙龈囊肿 10055018 gingival cyst AE This is an AE which is a small pocket of body fluid (lymph, serum, plasma, blood, or pus) within the upper layers of the gingival skin, usually caused by forceful rubbing (friction), burning, freezing, chemical exposure or infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blister 牙龈泡 10049304 gingival blister AE This is an AE which is a gingival sensation that causes the desire or reflex to scratch. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Itch 牙龈瘙痒 10049306 gingival pruritus AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the gingival tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 牙龈水肿 10049305 gingival edema AE This is an AE which is the exposure in the roots of the teeth caused by a loss of gum tissue and/or retraction of the gingival margin from the crown of the teeth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gingival_recession 牙龈萎缩 10018290 gingival recession AE This is an AE which is a non-destructive disease that causes inflammation of the gums. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gingivitis 牙龈炎 10018292 gingivitis AE This is an AE which is a typical adverse reaction of certain drugs (phenytoin, calcium antagonists and cyclosporine). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20131672/ 牙龈增生 10018283 gingival hyperplasia AE This is an AE which is a viral disease that causes inflammation of the brain in humans and other mammals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rabies 嘴部发泡 10062654 foaming at mouth AE This is an AE which is a visible body part at the mouth of humans and it is discolouration. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lip 嘴唇变色 10024549 lip discoloration AE This is an AE which involves the removal of the oldest dead skin cells from the lip skin's surface. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exfoliation_(cosmetology) 嘴唇表皮脱落 10064482 lip exfoliation AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged lip blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 嘴唇出血 10049297 lip hemorrhage AE This is an AE which refers constant licking of the lips causes drying and irritation, and eventually the mucosa splits or cracks. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cheilitis#Cheilitis_simplex_(chapped_lips) 嘴唇干裂 10024552 lip dry AE This is an AE which is an ulcer that occurs on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mouth_ulcer 嘴唇溃疡 10024572 lip ulceration AE This is an AE which is a small pocket of body fluid (lymph, serum, plasma, blood, or pus) within the upper layers of the lip skin, usually caused by forceful rubbing (friction), burning, freezing, chemical exposure or infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blister 嘴唇起泡 10049307 lip blister AE This is an AE which is the process by which an infant's first teeth (the deciduous teeth, often called "baby teeth" or "milk teeth") sequentially appear by emerging through the gums, typically arriving in pairs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Teething 出牙 10043183 teething AE This is an AE which is a small pocket of body fluid (lymph, serum, plasma, blood, or pus) within the upper layers of the lip skin, usually caused by forceful rubbing (friction), burning, freezing, chemical exposure or infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stuttering 口吃 10054964 dysphemia AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the mouth and lips and is allergic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stomatitis 变应性口炎 10079554 allergic stomatitis AE This is an AE which is a common type of skin rash. Symptoms include multiple small (1–2 mm) bumps and blisters sometimes with background redness and scale, localized to the skin around the mouth and nostrils. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Perioral_dermatitis 口周的皮炎 10034541 perioral dermatitis AE This is an AE which is the flow of saliva outside the mouth. Drooling can be caused by excess production of saliva, inability to retain saliva within the mouth (incontinence of saliva), or problems with swallowing (dysphagia or odynophagia). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Drooling 流口水 10013642 drooling AE This is an AE which is glossitis which manifests with hyperplastic (enlarged) fungiform papillae, giving the appearance of a strawberry. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glossitis#Strawberry_tongue 草莓舌 10051495 strawberry tongue AE This is an AE which is considered as a possible clinical finding of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28548303/ 扇贝舌 10074686 scalloped tongue AE This is an AE which is a common zoological behavior involving the active, rapid closing of the jaw around an object. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Biting 咬 10004966 bite AE This is an AE which is also an age appropriate behavior and reaction for human children 30 months and younger. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Biting#In_humans 咬人 10020428 human bite AE This is an AE which may occur both in seizures and in psychogenic non-epileptic events (PNEEs). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23041172/ 咬舌头 10050467 tongue biting AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of mucosal tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 粘膜肥大 10079674 mucosal hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body and covers the surface of internal organs and it is dryness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mucous_membrane 粘膜干燥 10028111 mucosal dryness AE This is an AE which is a colored material on the mucosal that is completely or nearly insoluble in water. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pigment 粘膜色素沉着 10067724 mucosal pigmentation AE This is an AE which is an exudate of inflamed mucous membranes in one of the airways or cavities of the body,usually with reference to the throat and paranasal sinuses. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Catarrh 粘膜炎 10007774 catarrh AE This is an AE which is a burning sensation in the mouth with no underlying known dental or medical cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Burning_mouth_syndrome 灼烧感黏膜 10006789 burning sensation mucosal AE This is an AE which is inflammation of one or both corners of the mouth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Angular_cheilitis 角唇炎 10002509 angular cheilitis AE This is an AE which is a mode of keratinization characterized by the retention of nuclei in the stratum corneum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Parakeratosis 角化不全 10058318 parakeratosis AE This is an AE which is excessive teeth grinding or jaw clenching. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bruxism 磨牙症 10006514 bruxism AE This is an AE which is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body and covers the surface of internal organs and it is discolouration. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mucous_membrane 黏膜变色 10054877 mucosal discoloration AE This is an AE which refers a supramolecular assembly of lipid molecules, like a cell membrane. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vesicle 黏膜囊泡 10028103 mucosa vesicle AE This is an AE which is a misalignment or incorrect relation between the teeth of the upper and lower dental arches when they approach each other as the jaws close. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Malocclusion 错位咬合 10061274 malocclusion AE This is an AE which is one of the criteria for the diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson disease and is often an early sign of the disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15883274/ 齿轮刚性 10009848 cogwheel rigidity AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the alveolar bone (i.e., the alveolar process of the maxilla or mandible). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alveolar_osteitis 牙槽骨炎 10066995 alveolar osteitis AE This is an AE which is a cellular aggregation seen in a developing tooth and it lies above the dental papilla. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Enamel_organ 牙釉质异常 10014576 enamel anomaly AE This is an AE which is a hard, calcified structure found in the jaws (or mouths) of many vertebrates and used to break down food and feel it discomfortable. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tooth 牙齿不舒服 10054217 dental discomfort AE This is an AE which is a hard, calcified structure found in the jaws (or mouths) of many vertebrates and used to break down food and it becomes brittle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tooth 牙齿变脆 10043173 teeth brittle AE This is an AE which is a muscular organ in the mouth of a typical vertebrate and is feel discomfortable. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tongue 舌头不适 10077855 tongue discomfort AE This is an AE which is any condition of the teeth that can be congenital or acquired. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tooth_pathology 牙齿状况差 10059184 poor dental condition AE This is an AE which is the horizontal or vertical displacement of a tooth beyond its normal physiological boundariesaround the gingival area, i.e. the medical term for a loose tooth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tooth_mobility 外伤性牙齿移位 10071180 traumatic tooth displacement AE This is an AE which is the painful inflammation and ulceration of the mucous membranes lining the digestive tract, usually as an adverse effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment for cancer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mucositis 粘膜紊乱 10082268 mucosal disorder AE This is an AE which is a periodontal disorder diagnosed based on distinct clinical characteristics. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Linear_gingival_erythema 牙龈红斑 10067419 gingival erythema AE This is an AE which defined as a type of groove along the free edge of the vocal fold, disrupts the normal, pliable vocal fold cover, causing alterations in the intrinsic mucosal wave. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31088694/ 声带沟 10077497 sulcus vocalis AE This is an AE which is defined as a white oral lesion not related to another disease process. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28916027/ 口腔白斑 10024396 leukoplakia oral AE This is an AE which is cancer of the lining of the lips, mouth, or upper throat. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oral_cancer 唇癌或口腔癌 10061523 lip and/or oral cavity cancer AE This is an AE which is a closed sac on the mouth, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 口囊肿 10028020 mouth cyst AE This is an AE which is a biofilm of microorganisms (mostly bacteria, but also fungi) that grows on surfaces within the mouth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dental_plaque 口腔菌斑 10028032 mouth plaque AE This is an AE which refres to the most frequent causes are lithiathesis and neoplasm. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9487738/ 嘴巴肿胀 10075203 mouth swelling AE This is an AE which is a group of infections that occur around the oral cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mouth_infection 口腔感染 10048685 oral infection AE This is an AE which is a chronic inflammatory and immune-mediated disease that affects the skin, nails, hair, and mucous membranes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lichen_planus 口腔扁平苔癣 10030983 oral lichen planus AE This is an AE which is the mucous membrane lining the inside of the mouth and the membrane has haematoma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oral_mucosa 口腔黏膜血肿 10074779 oral mucosa hematoma AE This is an AE which is the mucous membrane with blistering lining the inside of the mouth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oral_mucosa 口腔粘膜引起水泡 10030995 oral mucosal blistering AE This is an AE which can occur due to a multitude of non-neoplastic causes because black and brown pigmentation . Endogenous or exogenous pigments may be responsible for oral discoloration which can range from innocuous to life-threatening in nature. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30671761/ 口腔黏膜变色 10030996 oral mucosal discoloration AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of oral mucosal due to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 口腔粘膜肥大 10062956 oral mucosal hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is a small (1- 2 mm) red or purple spot on the oral mucosal, caused by a minor bleed from broken capillary blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Petechia 口腔粘膜瘀点 10030998 oral mucosal petechiae AE This is an AE which is a hard coating on the skin formed during the wound healing reconstruction phase on the oral mucosal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Scab 口腔粘膜痂 10082769 oral mucosal scab AE This is an AE which is a benign epithelial oral tumor growing exophytically (outwardly projecting) in nipple-like and often finger-like fronds. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Papilloma 口腔乳头状瘤 10068322 oral papilloma AE This is an AE which is a small, well-defined bump in the oral skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Papule 口腔丘疹 10031010 oral papule AE This is an AE which is a sensation that causes the desire or reflex to scratch on the oral. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Itch 口腔瘙痒 10052894 oral pruritus AE This is an AE which is the invasion of an organism's oral tissues by disease-causing agents such as bacterial, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection#Bacterial_or_viral 口腔细菌感染 10065233 oral bacterial infection AE This is an AE which is oral disease caused by fungi . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fungal_infection 口腔真菌感染 10061324 oral fungal infection AE This is an AE which is an abnormal sensation of the oral skin (tingling, pricking, chilling, burning, numbness) with no apparent physical cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paresthesia 感觉异常口腔 10057372 paraesthesia oral AE This is an AE which refers to comprise a number of different types of oral cancer that result from squamous cells . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma 口腔鳞状细胞癌 10041857 squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity AE This is an AE which is inflammation with haemorrhagic of the mouth and lips. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stomatitis 出血性口炎 10042132 stomatitis haemorrhagic AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the mouth and lips and sometimes can lead with necrotising. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=stomatitis+necrotising 口炎坏死 10042135 stomatitis necrotising AE This is an AE which is a common condition characterized by the repeated formation of benign and non-contagious mouth ulcers (aphthae) in otherwise healthy individuals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aphthous_stomatitis 口腔炎 10002958 aphthous stomatitis AE This is an AE which is a common condition characterized by the repeated formation of benign and non-contagious mouth ulcers (aphthae) in otherwise healthy individuals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aphthous_stomatitis 口腔溃疡 10002959 aphthous ulcer AE This is an AE which is a burning sensation in the mouth with no underlying known dental or medical cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Burning_mouth_syndrome 灼烧口腔综合征 10068065 burning mouth syndrome AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the circumoral tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 口腔周围水肿 10052250 circumoral edema AE This is an AE which refers to a transient abnormal enlargement of circumoral tissue not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 口腔周围肿胀 10081703 circumoral swelling AE This is an AE which is a disorder that is caused by the reactivation of varicella zoster virus in the geniculate ganglion, a nerve cell bundle of the facial nerve. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ramsay_Hunt_syndrome_type_2 口腔带状疱疹 10063491 herpes zoster oticus AE QY, JX, HY 舌头变色 10043949 tongue discoloration AE QY, JX, HY 吐舌 10052002 tongue eruption AE QY, JX, HY 牙龈侵蚀 10018282 gingival erosion AE QY, JX, HY 毛舌症 10080276 trichoglossia AE QY, JX, HY 粘膜糜烂 10061297 mucosal erosion AE QY, JX, HY 舌头运动障碍 10043963 tongue movement disturbance AE This is an AE which is a seizure in a baby younger than 4 weeks old. Seizures are abnormally excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_seizure 新生儿癫痫发作 10082067 neonatal seizure AE This is an AE which is defined as having a temperature above the normal range due to an increase in the body's temperature set point occured on the neonatal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fever 新生儿发烧 10016562 fever neonatal AE This is an AE which is a rare but serious, even fatal, side effect that occurs in newborn infants (especially premature babies) following the accumulation of antibiotic chloramphenicol. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gray_baby_syndrome 灰婴综合征 10018723 grey syndrome neonatal AE This is an AE which is different from the disorder affecting older children and adults. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29345589/ 新生儿疾病 10028934 neonatal disorder AE This is an AE which is a medical condition where neonatal body muscles contract and relax rapidly and repeatedly, resulting in uncontrolled shaking. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Convulsion 新生儿惊厥 10010911 convulsion neonatal AE This is an AE which is a bacterial tetanus neonatorum infection characterized by muscle spasms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tetanus 新生儿破伤风 10043378 tetanus neonatorum AE This is an AE which is a condition in which the neonatal body or a region of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply at the tissue level. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoxia_(medical) 新生儿缺氧 10050081 neonatal hypoxia AE This is an AE which is a neonatal state of strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long periods (compare hypersomnia). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Somnolence 新生儿嗜睡 10041350 somnolence neonatal AE This is an AE which due to renal tubular dysgenesis, secondary to the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) during pregnancy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12657763/ 新生儿无尿症 10049778 neonatal anuria AE This is an AE which is the group of neonatal symptoms that occur upon the abrupt discontinuation or decrease in the intake of medicational or recreational drugs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Drug_withdrawal 新生儿药物戒断综合征 10013756 drug withdrawal syndrome neonatal AE This is an AE which is a complex task, as in newborns hypotonia can be the presenting sign of different underlying causes, including peripheral and central nervous system involvement and genetic and metabolic diseases. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31324324/ 新生儿张力减退 10021119 hypotonia neonatal AE This is an AE which is an involuntary, somewhat rhythmic, muscle contraction and relaxation involving oscillations or twitching movements of one or more neonatal body parts. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tremor 新生儿震颤 10044575 tremor neonatal AE This is an AE which is the sudden unexplained death of a child of less than one year of age. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sudden_infant_death_syndrome 婴儿猝死综合症 10042440 sudden infant death syndrome AE This is an AE which is characterized by the rapid onset of annular purpuric lesions associated with initially localized edemas affecting the extremities. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31692802/ 婴儿急性出血性水肿 10070599 acute haemorrhagic edema of infancy AE This is an AE which is an uncommon-to-rare epileptic disorder in infants, children and adults. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Epileptic_spasms 婴儿痉挛症 10021750 infantile spasms AE This is an AE which is described in clinical literature as a severe and relatively uncommon disorder that can affect children. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reactive_attachment_disorder 婴儿期或幼儿期的反应性依恋障碍 10037996 reactive attachment disorder of infancy or early childhood AE This is an AE which is a infantile condition in which stomach contents rise up into the esophagus, resulting in either symptoms or complications. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastroesophageal_reflux_disease 婴儿吐奶 10063338 infantile spitting up AE This is an AE which due to appearance, is a type of benign vascular tumor or anomaly that affects babies. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infantile_hemangioma 婴儿血管瘤 10075378 infantile haemangioma AE This is an AE which is the excitatory ability that infants have to respond to changes in their environment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irritability 婴儿易怒 10082189 infant irritability AE This is an AE which is defined as episodes of crying for more than three hours a day, for more than three days a week, for three weeks in an otherwise healthy child. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Baby_colic 小儿疝气 10021746 infantile colic AE This is an AE which is a long-term inflammatory infantile disease of the airways of the lungs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Asthma 小儿哮喘 10049585 infantile asthma AE This is an AE which is an foetal abnormality of the structure of a body part. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect#congenital_malformation 胎儿畸形 10060919 foetal malformation AE This is an AE which is a condition during pregnancy or labor in which the fetus shows signs of inadequate oxygenation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fetal_distress 胎儿窘迫综合征 10016855 foetal distress syndrome AE This is an AE which is defined as birth weight >4000 g and is associated with several maternal and fetal complications such as maternal birth canal trauma, shoulder dystocia, and perinatal asphyxia. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27727018/ 胎儿巨大胎儿 10053700 foetal macrosomia AE This is an AE which is a rare disease that is identified by an abnormally large or distended bladder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Megacystis_(fetal) 胎儿巨囊肿 10073660 foetal megacystis AE This is an AE which is the loss of fetal blood cells into the maternal circulation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fetal-maternal_haemorrhage 胎儿-母体出血 10016871 foetal-maternal hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is an abnormal growth that usually appears on a baby's neck or head. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cystic_hygroma 胎儿囊性水囊瘤 10052011 foetal cystic hygroma AE This is an AE which is a common complication of pregnancy that has been associated with a variety of adverse perinatal outcomes. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30681542/ 胎儿生长受限 10070531 foetal growth restriction AE This is an AE which is damage to the foetal body caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 胎儿损伤 10016852 foetal damage AE This is an AE which leads to greater risk of cesarean delivery, prolonged labor, and increased perinatal morbidity. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25851845/ 胎儿胎位不正 10016863 foetal malposition AE This is an AE which is irregular positions of the crown of the fetal head in relation to the mother's pelvis (the fetus is in an abnormal position). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Prolonged_labor#Fetal_malpresentations_%5B9%5D 胎儿先露异常 10058013 foetal malpresentation AE This is an AE which is defined as a heart rate less than 100 BPM (normal is around 120–160 BPM). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bradycardia#Infantile 胎儿心动过缓 10006094 bradycardia foetal AE This is an AE which is non-reassuring fetal heart rate characteristics, which do not uniformly predict poor fetal outcome but can prompt obstetricians to proceed with cesarean delivery. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32839938/ 胎儿心率减慢 10058322 foetal heart rate deceleration AE This is an AE which encompasses a broad spectrum of disorders, united by impaired movement in utero. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29959180/ 胎儿运动功能减退 10068461 foetal hypokinesia AE This is an AE which refers to any clinical foetal syndrome with either an excess of movement or a paucity of voluntary and involuntary movements, unrelated to weakness or spasticity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Movement_disorder 胎儿运动障碍 10077576 foetal movement disorder AE This is an AE which is the earliest stool of a mammalian infant resulting from defecation and is stain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meconium 胎粪染色 10057028 meconium stain AE This is an AE which is breakage of the amniotic sac before the onset of labor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Prelabor_rupture_of_membranes 胎膜早破 10036603 premature rupture of membranes AE This is an AE which defined as rupture of fetal membranes prior to 28 weeks of gestation, complicates approximately 0.4%-0.7% of all pregnancies. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28710882/ 胎膜早破 10073024 preterm premature rupture of membranes AE This is an AE which is when the placenta separates early from the uterus, in other words separates before childbirth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Placental_abruption 胎盘过早分离 10036608 premature separation of placenta AE This is an AE which is often defined as the loss of more than 500 ml or 1,000 ml of blood within the first 24 hours following childbirth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Postpartum_bleeding 产后出血 10036417 postpartum hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is among the leading causes of preventable maternal morbidity and mortality not only in developing countries but in developed countries as well. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17511893/ 产后发热 10037294 puerperal pyrexia AE This is an AE which is a type of mood disorder associated with childbirth, which can affect both sexes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Postpartum_depression 产后抑郁症 10056393 postpartum depression AE This is an AE which refers psychological trauma to the mother following childbirth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_trauma 产伤 10004954 birth trauma AE This is an AE which is the culmination of one multiple pregnancy, wherein the mother gives birth to two or more offspring. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multiple_birth 多胎妊娠 10028243 multiple pregnancy AE This is an AE which is a medical condition where children body muscles contract and relax rapidly and repeatedly, resulting in uncontrolled shaking. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Convulsion 小儿抽搐 10052391 convulsion in childhood AE This is an AE which is an abnormal condition of the children mind that results in difficulties determining what is real and what is not real. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Psychosis 儿童精神病 10061040 childhood psychosis AE This is an AE which is a class of mental children disorders characterized by enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating from those accepted by the individual's culture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Personality_disorder 儿童人格障碍 10034723 personality disorder of childhood AE This is an AE which is a children long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Asthma 儿童哮喘 10081274 childhood asthma AE This is an AE which is the ending of pregnancy where one or more babies leaves the uterus by passing through the vagina or by Caesarean section. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Childbirth 分娩 10067647 delivery AE This is an AE which includes obstructed labour,eclampsia and so on. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Childbirth#Labour_and_delivery_complications 分娩并发症 10061781 complication of delivery AE This is an AE which includes obstructed labour,eclampsia and so on. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Childbirth#Labour_and_delivery_complications 分娩合并症 10061050 labour complication AE This is an AE which is normally the most painful event in a woman's lifetime. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28648158/ 分娩疼痛 10059204 labour pain AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by the rubella virus in pregnancy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rubella 怀孕期间风疹 10039264 rubella in pregnancy AE This is an AE which is a term used to describe infants that are born with an abnormally high weight, specifically in the 90th percentile or above, compared to other babies of the same developmental age. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Large_for_gestational_age 巨大胎儿 10025394 macrosomia AE This is an AE which is a condition characterized by excessive growth and height significantly above average. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gigantism 巨人症 10018265 gigantism AE This is an AE which is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29746025/ 脐带短 10045453 umbilical cord short AE This is an AE which is when the umbilical cord becomes wrapped around the fetus's neck. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nuchal_cord 脐带绕脖 10045447 umbilical cord around neck AE This is an AE which is when the umbilical cord comes out of the uterus with or before the presenting part of the baby. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Umbilical_cord_prolapse 脐带脱垂 10045452 umbilical cord prolapse AE This is an AE which is the obstruction of blood flow through the umbilical cord secondary to pressure from an external object or misalignment of the cord itself. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Umbilical_cord_compression 压缩性脐带 10045451 umbilical cord compression AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the connective tissue of the umbilical cord that occurs with chorioamnionitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Funisitis 脐带炎 10064502 funisitis AE This is an AE which is the most common umbilical abnormality in neonates, causing inflammation and drainage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Umbilical_granuloma 脐肉芽肿 10067731 umbilical granuloma AE This is an AE which is a health condition where the abdominal wall behind the navel is damaged. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Umbilical_hernia 脐疝 10045458 umbilical hernia AE This is an AE which is a rare abdominal wall defect. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Omphalocele 脐突出 10015677 exomphalos AE This is an AE which is the medical term for inflammation of the umbilical cord stump in the neonatal newborn period, most commonly attributed to a bacterial infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Omphalitis_of_newborn 脐炎 10030306 omphalitis AE This is an AE which is health problems that are related to pregnancy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Complications_of_pregnancy 妊娠并发症 10061452 complication of pregnancy AE This is an AE which is a chronic hives-like rash that strikes some women during pregnancy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pruritic_urticarial_papules_and_plaques_of_pregnancy 妊娠多形性爆发 10066100 polymorphic eruption of pregnancy AE This is an AE which is a pregnancy complication that is characterized by severe nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and possibly dehydration. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperemesis_gravidarum 妊娠剧吐 10020614 hyperemesis gravidarum AE This is an AE which is when a woman has not yet delivered her baby after 42 weeks of gestation, two weeks beyond the typical 40-week duration of pregnancy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Postterm_pregnancy 妊娠期延长 10036877 prolonged pregnancy AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the fetal membranes (amnion and chorion), usually due to bacterial infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chorioamnionitis 绒毛膜羊膜炎 10008755 chorioamnionitis AE This is an AE which is two offspring produced by the same pregnancy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Twin 双胎妊娠 10045188 twin pregnancy AE This is an AE which is when a baby is born bottom first instead of head first, as is normal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Breech_birth 臀位分娩 10006346 breech delivery AE This is an AE which is when a baby is born bottom first instead of head first, as is normal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Breech_birth 后肢先产 10006356 breech presentation AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels on the peripartum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 围产期出血 10072693 peripartum hemorrhage AE This is an AE which includes major and minor depressive episodes that occur during pregnancy or in the first 12 months after delivery, is one of the most common medical complications during pregnancy and the postpartum period, affecting one in seven women. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30629567/ 围产期抑郁症 10078366 perinatal depression AE This is an AE which is a congenital disorder with unknown cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Constriction_ring_syndrome 羊膜带综合征 10064100 amniotic band syndrome AE This is an AE which containing the amniotic fluid and the embryo and its becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Amniotic_sac 羊膜腔疾病 10060936 amniotic cavity disorder AE This is an AE which is a medical condition describing an excess of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Polyhydramnios 羊水过多 10036079 polyhydramnios AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in pregnancy characterized by a deficiency of amniotic fluid, the fluid that surrounds the fetus in the abdomen, in the amniotic sac. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oligohydramnios 羊水过少 10030289 oligohydramnios AE This is an AE which is a complication of pregnancy in which the embryo attaches outside the uterus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ectopic_pregnancy 异位妊娠 10014166 ectopic pregnancy AE This is an AE which is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks gestational age, as opposed to full-term delivery at approximately 40 weeks but the baby is dead. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Preterm_birth 早产儿死亡 10076700 premature baby death AE This is an AE which is the termination of a pregnancy by removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abortion 早期流产 10052846 abortion early AE This is an AE which is the natural loss of an embryo or fetus before it is able to survive independently. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Miscarriage 终止妊娠 10000209 aborted pregnancy AE This is an AE which is typically defined as fetal death at or after 20 or 28 weeks of pregnancy, depending on the source. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stillbirth 死胎 10042062 stillbirth AE This is an AE which is used for describing children presenting with muscle hypotonia at or shortly after birth. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26573950/ 松软婴儿 10051004 floppy infant AE This is an AE which is considered an important contributor to neonatal morbidity and mortality in low-resource settings. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21094417/ 低体温新生儿 10050080 hypothermia neonatal AE This is an AE which is the inmature liver storage of glucose seen in preterms or children born intrauterine growth retarded. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32741157/ 低血糖新生儿 10020994 hypoglycaemia neonatal AE This is an AE which is a yellowish discoloration of the white part of the eyes and skin in a newborn baby due to high bilirubin levels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_jaundice 黄疸新生儿 10023138 jaundice neonatal AE This is an AE which is a long-term type of inflammation of the skin (dermatitis). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atopic_dermatitis 湿疹婴儿 10014198 eczema infantile AE This is an AE which can be part of a mental illness or a side effect of anti-psychotic medication on neonatal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Agitation 躁动新生儿 10001500 agitation neonatal AE This is an AE which is pregnancies that are mistimed, unplanned or unwanted at the time of conception. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Unintended_pregnancy 意外怀孕 10046267 unwanted pregnancy AE This is an AE which occurs when a fetus, whatever its gestational age, exits the maternal body and subsequently shows any sign of life, such as voluntary movement, heartbeat, or pulsation of the umbilical cord, for however brief a time and regardless of whether the umbilical cord or placenta are intact. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Live_birth_(human) 活产 10049550 live birth AE This is an AE which is related to the appearance of postpartum haemorrhage due to posterior uterine atony. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28765661/ 急产 10036519 precipitate labour AE This is an AE which is when, after vaginal delivery of the head, the baby's anterior shoulder gets caught above the mother's pubic bone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Shoulder_dystocia 肩难产 10040613 shoulder dystocia AE This is an AE which is when the baby does not exit the pelvis during childbirth due to being physically blocked, despite the uterus contracting normally. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Obstructed_labour 难产 10029934 obstructed labour AE This is an AE which is a situation at childbirth where the fetus is in a longitudinal lie and the head enters the pelvis first; the most common form of cephalic presentation is the vertex presentation, where the occiput is the leading part (the part that first enters the birth canal). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cephalic_presentation 额先露 10052848 brow presentation AE This is an AE which is one where the mother or the fetus has an increased risk of adverse outcomes compared to uncomplicated pregnancies. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/High-risk_pregnancy 高危妊娠 10052744 high risk pregnancy AE This is an AE which is a health condition where the abdominal wall behind the navel is damaged and is also incarcerated. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=incarcerated+umbilical+hernia 嵌顿性脐疝 10064492 incarcerated umbilical hernia AE This is an AE which is a rare genetic disorder of the small intestine that is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Microvillous_inclusion_disease 微绒毛包涵体疾病 10068494 microvillous inclusion disease AE This is an AE which make it difficult to initiate breastfeeding for these high-risk infants. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22301537/ 吸吮反射差 10058605 poor sucking reflex AE This is an AE which is the ending of pregnancy where one or more babies leaves the uterus by passing through the vagina or by Caesarean section and is traumatic . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Childbirth 创伤性分娩 10044520 traumatic delivery AE This is an AE which is designed to allow the remaining fetus(es) to develop after premature expulsion of the first twin in the second trimester of pregnancy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33235650/ 延迟分娩 10012186 delayed delivery AE This is an AE which is a common complication of pregnancy that has been associated with a variety of adverse perinatal outcomes. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30681542/ 胎儿生长迟缓 10016857 foetal growth retardation AE This is an AE which refer to a disability classification used in educational settings that allows educational institutions to provide special education and related services to students who have displayed poor social and/or academic progress. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Emotional_and_behavioral_disorders 儿童情绪障碍 10014552 emotional disorder of childhood AE This is an AE which is an effect of kernicterus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_jaundice 哭泣的声音尖锐 10052286 high-pitched crying AE QY, JX, HY 婴儿背拱起 10077276 infantile back arching AE QY, JX, HY 胎儿不下 10059107 missed labour AE QY, JX, HY 胎儿心率紊乱 10061158 foetal heart rate disorder AE QY, JX, HY 怀孕期间胎儿暴露 10071404 foetal exposure during pregnancy AE QY, JX, HY 羊水过多 10066470 amniorrhoea AE QY, JX, HY 大号婴儿 10023789 large for dates baby AE QY, JX, HY 斜产位 10052849 oblique presentation AE This is an AE which corresponds to an impairment of urinary transport that can lead to renal dysfunction if not treated. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29302903/ 输尿管梗阻 10034232 pelvi-ureteric obstruction AE This is an AE which is a potential emergency. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7855946/ 阴囊肿胀 10039759 scrotal swelling AE This is an AE which is any part of an animal or plant that is involved in sexual reproduction and is enlarged. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sex_organ 生殖器增大 10073740 genitals enlarged AE This is an AE which is cancer that develops from breast tissue and occurs invasive ductal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Breast_cancer 浸润性导管乳腺癌 10073095 invasive ductal breast carcinoma AE This is an AE which is cancer that develops from breast tissuec and is hormone refractory . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Breast_cancer 激素难治性乳腺癌 10076935 hormone refractory breast cancer AE This is an AE which is defined as an endometrium of > 5 mm discovered on ultrasound in a postmenopausal woman who is not bleeding. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29731210/ 子宫内膜增厚 10056432 endometrial thickening AE This is an AE which is the medical use of probes called sounds to increase the inner diameter of the urethra and to locate obstructions in it. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Urethral_sounding 尿道扩张 10046442 urethral dilatation AE This is an AE which is the partial or total loss of reproductive and hormonal function of the ovaries before age 40 because of folliclular (egg producing area) dysfunction or early loss of eggs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Primary_ovarian_insufficiency 卵巢衰竭 10033165 ovarian failure AE This is an AE which refers a band of coagulative necrosis at the choriodecidual interphase, is a histologic lesion of unclear pathogenesis that has been reported in placentas from preeclampsia, preterm premature rupture of membranes, and preterm abruption. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15702362/ 胎盘坏死 10035139 placental necrosis AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the vaginal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 阴道脓肿 10049573 vaginal abscess AE This is an AE which might accurately reflect an acidotic state in the vaginal synapses and perineural space. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysesthesia 阴道灼热感 10050023 vaginal burning sensation AE This is an AE which is an extraordinarily rare form of cancer that develops in the tissue of the vagina. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vaginal_cancer 阴道癌 10046885 vaginal cancer AE This is an AE which is excessive growth of yeast in the vagina that results in irritation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vaginal_yeast_infection 阴道念珠菌病 10046898 vaginal candidiasis AE This is an AE which is a pathological condition that affects part or all of the vagina. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vaginal_disease 阴道紊乱 10061402 vaginal disorder AE This is an AE which is any of various types of abnormal growth or development of cells (microscopic scale) and/or organs (macroscopic scale), and/or the abnormal histology or anatomical structure presumably resulting from such growth such as vaginal dysplasia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysplasia 阴道发育不良 10046905 vaginal dysplasia AE This is an AE which is an emission or expulsion of air from the vagina. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vaginal_flatulence 阴道胀气 10064227 vaginal flatulence AE This is an AE which refers irregular tear-like wounds caused by some blunt trauma on the vaginal . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Wound#Open 阴道撕裂伤 10046919 vaginal laceration AE This is an AE which is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of vaginal , usually caused by disease or trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lesion 阴道病变 10048937 vaginal lesion AE This is an AE which is a cancer of the vulva, the outer portion of the female genitals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vulvar_cancer 阴道肿瘤 10062165 vaginal neoplasm AE This is an AE which is caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds on the vaginal that are generally found in low concentrations . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Odor 阴道异味 10046935 vaginal odour AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the vaginal tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 阴道水肿 10063818 vaginal edema AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of a vaginal part or area not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 阴道肿胀 10055049 vaginal swelling AE This is an AE which occurs when the normal lactobacilli of the vagina are replaced by mostly anaerobic bacteria. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21524046/ 阴道溃疡 10046943 vaginal ulceration AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the vagina and vulva caused by bacterial. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vaginitis 细菌性阴道炎 10062167 vaginitis bacterial AE This is an AE which is a facultatively anaerobic Gram-variable rod that is involved, together with many other bacteria, mostly anaerobic, in bacterial vaginosis in some women as a result of a disruption in the normal vaginal microflora. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gardnerella_vaginalis 阴道炎加德纳菌 10046957 vaginitis gardnerella AE This is an AE which is a closed sac on the vulva, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 外阴囊肿 10050475 vulva cyst AE This is an AE which is a cancer of the vulva, the outer portion of the female genitals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vulvar_cancer 外阴癌 10047741 vulval cancer AE This is an AE which is a closed sac on the vulva, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue and it become disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vulva 外阴疾病 10047754 vulval disorder AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged vulval blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 外阴出血 10063816 vulval hemorrhage AE This is an AE which refers irregular tear-like wounds caused by some blunt trauma. Lacerations and incisions may appear linear (regular) or stellate (irregular) such as vulval lacerations. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Wound#Open 外阴撕裂伤 10047759 vulval laceration AE This is an AE which is an open sore located on the genital area, which includes the vulva, penis, perianal region, or anus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Genital_ulcer 外阴溃疡 10047768 vulval ulceration AE This is an AE which is any of various types of abnormal growth or development of cells (microscopic scale) and/or organs (macroscopic scale), and/or the abnormal histology or anatomical structure presumably resulting from such growth such as vulvar dysplasia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysplasia 外阴发育不良 10054932 vulvar dysplasia AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the vulva, the external female mammalian genitalia that include the labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and introitus (the entrance to the vagina). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vulvitis 外阴炎 10047780 vulvitis AE This is an AE which is related to neuropathic pain and associated to various degrees of vulvar mucosal hypersensitivity (mostly in the vestibular area), pelvic floor muscles dysfunction, a disorder of general perception of pain and/or various complex regional pain syndromes. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23972919/ 外阴阴道灼热感 10067641 vulvovaginal burning sensation AE This is an AE which is excessive growth of yeast in the vagina that results in irritation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vaginal_yeast_infection 外阴阴道念珠菌病 10047784 vulvovaginal candidiasis AE This is an AE which refers frequently or always decreased interest in sex or ability to have sex . QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31108226/ 外阴阴道不适 10047786 vulvovaginal discomfort AE This is an AE which includes yeast infection, vaginitis, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and cancer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vagina#Clinical_significance 外阴阴道疾病 10047787 vulvovaginal disorder AE This is an AE which is a common condition that is particularly prevalent during and after the menopause, and is one of the symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy/genitourinary syndrome of menopause. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26707589/ 外阴阴道干燥 10047791 vulvovaginal dryness AE This is an AE which is redness of the vulvovaginal skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 外阴阴道红斑 10070437 vulvovaginal erythema AE This is an AE which is an vulvovaginal infection caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), a DNA virus from the Papillomaviridae family. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Human_papillomavirus_infection 外阴阴道人乳头瘤病毒感染 10066416 vulvovaginal human papilloma virus infection AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants, and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators such as vulvovaginal inflammmation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 外阴阴道炎症 10079372 vulvovaginal inflammation AE This is an AE which is vulvovaginal disease caused by fungi . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fungal_infection 外阴阴道真菌感染 10064899 vulvovaginal mycotic infection AE This is an AE which is major health concerns in women of childbearing age. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25104563/ 外阴阴道痛 10069055 vulvovaginal pain AE This is an AE which thought to be attributable to autoimmune progesterone dermatitis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16891434/ 外阴阴道瘙痒 10056530 vulvovaginal pruritus AE This is an AE which is a change of the vulvovaginal skin which affects its color, appearance, or texture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rash 外阴阴道皮疹 10071588 vulvovaginal rash AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of a vulvovaginal part or area not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 外阴阴道肿胀 10071211 vulvovaginal swelling AE This is an AE which is a discontinuity or break in a bodily membrane that impedes normal function of the affected organ such as vulvovaginal . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ulcer 外阴阴道溃疡 10050181 vulvovaginal ulceration AE This is an AE which is the most common mucosal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection encountered by the dermatologists. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33817597/ 外阴阴道疣 10047793 vulvovaginal warts AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the vagina and vulva. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vaginitis 外阴阴道炎 10047794 vulvovaginitis AE This is an AE which is inflammation caused by trichomonal of the vagina and vulva. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vaginitis 外阴滴虫性阴道炎 10047799 vulvovaginitis trichomonal AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the uterine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 子宫脓肿 10063012 uterine abscess AE This is an AE which is the failure of the uterus to contract adequately following delivery. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Uterine_atony 子宫收缩乏力 10046763 uterine atony AE This is an AE which includes two types of cancer that develop from the tissues of the uterus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Uterine_cancer 子宫癌 10046766 uterine cancer AE This is an AE which is a condition in which the cells from the 'inside' of the cervical canal, known as glandular cells (or columnar epithelium), are present on the 'outside' of the vaginal portion of the cervix. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cervical_ectropion 子宫颈糜烂 10008264 uterine cervical erosion AE This is an AE which is a distressing feeling on the uterine cervical often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 子宫颈痛 10058704 uterine cervical pain AE This is an AE which is a benign non-cancerous change (metaplasia) of surfacing lining cells (epithelium) to a squamous morphology on the uterine cervical . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Squamous_metaplasia 子宫颈鳞状上皮化生 10062663 uterine cervical squamous metaplasia AE This is an AE which is a discontinuity or break in a uterine cervix membrane that impedes normal function of the affected organ. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ulcer 子宫颈溃疡 10051960 uterine cervix ulcer AE This is an AE which is a closed uterine sac, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 子宫囊肿 10048931 uterine cyst AE This is an AE which is a less severe condition in which there is only incomplete separation of the old scar. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Uterine_rupture 子宫裂开 10070301 uterine dehiscence AE This is an AE which is the main female hormone-responsive, secondary sex organ of the reproductive system in humans and most other mammals and its function become disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Uterus#Clinical_significance 子宫疾病 10046779 uterine disorder AE This is an AE which is a medical symptom in which the volume and size of the uterus in a female is abnormally high. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Uterine_hyperplasia 子宫增大 10046782 uterine enlargement AE This is an AE which is a localized bleeding outside of uterine blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 子宫血肿 10063875 uterine hematoma AE This is an AE which associated with fundal placenta causing depression of the uterine fundus in case of inappropriate maneuvers (pulling on the umbilical cord, uterine expression). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29875980/ 子宫低渗 10046792 uterine hypotonus AE This is an AE which is often equated to the physiological response to injury or infection on uterine . QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32471078/ 子宫炎症 10046793 uterine inflammation AE This is an AE which is damage to the uterine caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 子宫损伤 10061401 uterine injury AE This is an AE which is when the uterus turns inside out, usually following childbirth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Uterine_inversion 子宫内翻 10046796 uterine inversion AE This is an AE which is the most common benign tumor of the uterus found in women of reproductive age. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29186429/ 子宫肌瘤 10046798 uterine leiomyoma AE This is an AE which is a uterus that is oriented posteriorly, towards the back of the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Retroverted_uterus 子宫错位 10046800 uterine malposition AE This is an AE which is one of the rarest complications following pelvic arterial embolization for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23932304/ 子宫坏死 10072333 uterine necrosis AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of uterine . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 子宫肿瘤 10046803 uterine neoplasm AE This is an AE which is a mass in the inner lining of the uterus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Endometrial_polyp 子宫息肉 10046811 uterine polyp AE This is an AE which is when the muscular wall of the uterus tears during pregnancy or childbirth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Uterine_rupture 子宫破裂 10046820 uterine rupture AE This is an AE which is a sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ such as the uterine tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spasm 子宫痉挛 10046823 uterine spasm AE This is an AE which refers pain or discomfort when an affected uterine area is touched. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tenderness 子宫压痛 10046827 uterine tenderness AE This is an AE which is a type of bacteria that can cause infection of the urinary tract and vagina. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ureaplasma_urealyticum_infection 解脲支原体感染 10059640 ureaplasma infection AE This is an AE which is a common and salvaging complications after renal transplantation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33138801/ 输尿管狭窄 10046411 ureteric stenosis AE This is an AE which is a medical condition of the ureter that involves inflammation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ureteritis 输尿管炎 10051250 ureteritis AE This is an AE which is when a solid piece of material (kidney stone) develops in the urinary tract. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney_stone_disease 输尿管结石 10077989 ureterolithiasis AE This is an AE which is a common presentation of sexually transmitted infection (STI) in men and known pathogens include Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25331311/ 尿道分泌物 10046443 urethral discharge AE This is an AE which is a tube that connects the urinary bladder to the urinary meatus for the removal of urine from the body of both females and males and its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Urethra 尿道疾病 10046445 urethral disorder AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged urethral blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 尿道出血 10049710 urethral hemorrhage AE This is an AE which in major trauma is infrequent, with complex problems of diagnosis and treatment. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30857738/ 尿道损伤 10046454 urethral injury AE This is an AE which is an imprecise diagnosis, which continues to be defined by a low pressure urethra. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19444119/ 尿道内源性括约肌功能障碍 10046456 urethral intrinsic sphincter deficiency AE This is an AE which is an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure such as foramina and canals such as urethral meatus stenosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stenosis 尿道口狭窄 10058463 urethral meatus stenosis AE This is an AE which is a symptom complex including dysuria, urinary urgency and frequency, nocturia and persistent or intermittent urethral and/or pelvic pain in the absence of proven infection. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26337167/ 尿道痛 10046461 urethral pain AE This is an AE which is a sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ such as the bladder such as urethral spasm. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spasm 尿道痉挛 10046464 urethral spasm AE This is an AE which is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gonorrhea 淋球菌性尿道炎 10046483 urethritis gonococcal AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of the urethra and is noninfective. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Urethritis 非感染性尿道炎 10062903 urethritis noninfective AE This is an AE which comprises a number of different types of cancer that result from squamous cells on the cervix. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma 宫颈鳞状细胞癌 10041848 squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix AE This is an AE which is a physiological phenomenon in which the penis becomes firm, engorged, enlarged and is spontaneous. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erection 自发性阴茎勃起 10049118 spontaneous penile erection AE This is an AE which is infections that are spread by sexual activity, especially vaginal intercourse, anal sex and oral sex. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_infection 性抑制 10040488 sexual transmission of infection AE This is an AE which is a cutaneous condition characterized by calcification of the skin resulting from the deposition of calcium and phosphorus occurring on the scrotum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Idiopathic_scrotal_calcinosis 阴囊囊肿 10065670 scrotal cyst AE This is an AE which is not considered a separate disease entity and is usually considered a condition similar to the contact dermatitis occurring elsewhere. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24044054/ 阴囊皮炎 10083260 scrotal dermatitis AE This is an AE which is reactive scrotal skin conditions in which there is blanchable redness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/List_of_skin_conditions#Erythemas 阴囊红斑 10054950 scrotal erythema AE This is an AE which is a benign tumor of epithelial tissue with glandular origin, glandular characteristics, or both on the prostatic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adenoma 前列腺腺瘤 10036940 prostatic adenoma AE This is an AE which is commonly observed while performing transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS), yet its significance is poorly understood. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25530382/ 前列腺钙化 10066880 prostatic calcification AE This is an AE which is a closed sac on the prostatic, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 前列腺囊肿 10067640 prostatic cyst AE This is an AE which is any of various types of abnormal growth or development of cells (microscopic scale) and/or organs (macroscopic scale), and/or the abnormal histology or anatomical structure presumably resulting from such growth such as prostatic dysplasia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysplasia 前列腺发育不良 10071019 prostatic dysplasia AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the prostate gland and is classified into acute, chronic, asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis, and chronic pelvic pain syndrome. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Prostatitis 前列腺炎 10036978 prostatitis AE This is an AE which is a noncancerous increase in size of the prostate gland. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Benign_prostatic_hyperplasia 前列腺肿大 10051482 prostatomegaly AE This is an AE which is when the placenta attaches inside the uterus but in an abnormal position near or over the cervical opening. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Placenta_praevia 前置胎盘 10035119 placenta praevia AE This is an AE which is the most common cause of antepartum haemorrhage. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31622483/ 前置胎盘出血 10035121 placenta praevia hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a common pathologic condition in obstetrics and identified nanobacteria in placental calcification indicated that nanobacteria infection is related to placental calcification. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22559042/ 胎盘钙化 10082008 placental calcification AE This is an AE which is the failure of the placenta to deliver sufficient nutrients to the fetus during pregnancy, and is often a result of insufficient blood flow to the placenta. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Placental_insufficiency 胎盘机能不全 10035138 placental insufficiency AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the perineal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 会阴脓肿 10052457 perineal abscess AE This is an AE which is a closed sac on the perineal, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 会阴囊肿 10066058 perineal cyst AE This is an AE which is an unusual condition that presents 2–3 days after a throat infection as a fine diffuse macular erythema of the perineal region. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Recurrent_toxin-mediated_perineal_erythema 会阴红斑 10070707 perineal erythema AE This is an AE which refers the region of the body between the pubic arch and the tail bone and it has infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Perineal 会阴感染 10066876 perineal infection AE This is an AE which is a laceration of the skin and other soft tissue structures which, in women, separate the vagina from the anus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Perineal_tear 会阴撕裂 10034521 perineal laceration AE This is an AE which is a discontinuity or break in a bodily membrane that impedes normal function of the affected organ such as perineal ulceration. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ulcer 会阴部溃疡 10069679 perineal ulceration AE This is an AE which is a relatively common complication of obstetric and colorectal surgery , and can also occur in diseases such as Crohn’s disease, diverticulitis, ischemic colitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, or endocarditis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25159523/ 盆腔脓肿 10034236 pelvic abscess AE This is an AE which is a long term condition in women believed to be due to enlarged veins in the lower abdomen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pelvic_congestion_syndrome 盆腔充血 10034240 pelvic congestion AE This is an AE which is a break of the bony structure of the pelvis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pelvic_fracture 骨盆骨折 10061161 pelvic fracture AE This is an AE which can be described as a pregnancy discomfort for some women and a severe disability for others. PGP can cause pain, instability and limitation of mobility and functioning in any of the three pelvic joints. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pelvic_girdle_pain 骨盆带疼痛 10083336 pelvic girdle pain AE This is an AE which is a common finding following hysterectomy which at times may become infected causing substantial morbidity. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33298036/ 盆腔血肿 10054974 pelvic hematoma AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged pelvic blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 盆腔出血 10063678 pelvic hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is an infection of the upper part of the female reproductive system, namely the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, and inside of the pelvis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pelvic_inflammatory_disease 盆腔炎性疾病 10034254 pelvic inflammatory disease AE This is an AE which is damage to the pelvic organ caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 盆腔器官损伤 10061405 pelvic organ injury AE This is an AE which has become a standard operation for selected patients with ulcerative colitis, but is contraindicated in patients with Crohn's disease at our institution. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2036927/ 盆腔囊手术 10068882 pelvic pouch procedure AE This is an AE which is characterized by descent of pelvic organs from their normal positions. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pelvic_organ_prolapse 盆腔脱垂 10034268 pelvic prolapse AE This is an AE which is a group of rare autoimmune blistering diseases of the skin, and mucous membranes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pemphigoid 类天疱疮 10034277 pemphigoid AE This is an AE which is a small pocket of body fluid (lymph, serum, plasma, blood, or pus) within the upper layers of the penile skin, usually caused by forceful rubbing (friction), burning, freezing, chemical exposure or infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blister 阴茎泡 10052898 penile blister AE This is an AE which is redness of the penile skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 阴茎红斑 10070655 penile erythema AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged penile blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 阴茎出血 10034305 penile hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the penile tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 阴茎水肿 10066774 penile edema AE This is an AE which is a change of the penile skin which affects its color, appearance, or texture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rash 阴茎皮疹 10082571 penile rash AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of a penile part or area not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 阴茎肿胀 10034319 penile swelling AE This is an AE which is an open sore located on the genital area, which includes the vulva, penis, perianal region, or anus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Genital_ulcer 阴茎溃疡 10034322 penile ulceration AE This is an AE which is typically small, rough, hard growths on the penile that are similar in color to the rest of the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Wart 阴茎疣 10034325 penile wart AE This is an AE which is the process of combining two or more distinct entities into a new whole such as penoscrotal fusion. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fusion 阴囊融合 10064951 penoscrotal fusion AE This is an AE which is classified as menstrual disorders and include oligoovulation and anovulation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ovulation#Disorders 排卵障碍 10067490 ovulation disorder AE This is an AE which is a physiological phenomenon in which the penis becomes firm, engorged, and enlarged. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erection 勃起困难 10056303 painful erection AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the ovarian. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 卵巢脓肿 10033119 ovarian abscess AE This is an AE which is a benign tumor of epithelial tissue with glandular origin, glandular characteristics, or both such as ovarian adenoma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adenoma 卵巢腺瘤 10048991 ovarian adenoma AE This is an AE which is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of the body such as ovarian atrophy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrophy 卵巢萎缩 10033122 ovarian atrophy AE This is an AE which is a fluid-filled sac within the ovary and the sac is ruptured. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ovarian_cyst 卵巢囊肿破裂 10033136 ovarian cyst ruptured AE This is an AE which may refer to diseases primarily affecting, or centered on, the ovaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ovarian_disorders 卵巢疾病 10033139 ovarian disorder AE This is an AE which is any of various types of abnormal growth or development of cells (microscopic scale) and/or organs (macroscopic scale), and/or the abnormal histology or anatomical structure presumably resulting from such growth such as ovarian dyspasia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysplasia 卵巢发育不良 10080570 ovarian dysplasia AE This is an AE which is a tumor made up of several different types of tissue, such as ovarian germ cell . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Teratoma 卵巢生殖细胞畸胎瘤 10073265 ovarian germ cell teratoma AE This is an AE which is a tumor made up of several different types of tissue, such as ovarian germ cell and is benign. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Teratoma 卵巢生殖细胞良性畸胎瘤 10033236 ovarian germ cell teratoma benign AE This is an AE which is a histologically diverse group of neoplasms with a common origin in the primitive germ cell. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31097117/ 卵巢生殖细胞瘤 10075812 ovarian germ cell tumor AE This is an AE which is tumours that arise from ovarian granulosa cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Granulosa_cell_tumour 卵巢颗粒细胞瘤 10073260 ovarian granulosa cell tumor AE This is an AE which is damage to the ovarian caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 卵巢损伤 10079330 ovarian injury AE This is an AE which is a form of cell injury which results in the premature death of cells in living tissue by autolysis such as ovarian necrosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Necrosis 卵巢坏死 10033270 ovarian necrosis AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of ovarian tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 卵巢肿瘤 10061535 ovarian neoplasm AE This is an AE which is a condition in which organs fall down or slip out of place such as ovarian prolapse. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Prolapse 子宫脱垂 10033277 ovarian prolapse AE This is an AE which is when an ovary twists on its attachment to other structures, such that blood flow is decreased. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ovarian_torsion 卵巢扭转 10033280 ovarian torsion AE This is an AE which is listed in the DSM-5 under Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders and defined as "a pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness". QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oppositional_defiant_disorder 对立违抗性障碍 10056440 oppositional defiant disorder AE This is an AE which occurs in young adult men, and leads to pain and swelling of the testis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33815357/ 睾丸炎流行性腮腺炎 10031068 orchitis mumps AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the testes and is noninfective. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Orchitis 非感染性睾丸炎 10058461 orchitis noninfective AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the ovaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oophoritis 卵巢炎 10030345 oophoritis AE This is an AE which may be an aetiological factor in the development of urinary incontinence in women. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23076892/ 雌激素缺乏 10030247 oestrogen deficiency AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the ovaries and is noninfective. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oophoritis 非感染性卵巢 10074436 noninfective oophoritis AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of prostate tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 前列腺肿瘤 10029096 neoplasm prostate AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the kidneys and may involve the glomeruli, tubules, or interstitial tissue surrounding the glomeruli and tubules. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nephritis 性肾炎 10029117 nephritis AE This is an AE which is a condition in which prolonged or excessive uterine bleeding occurs irregularly and more frequently than normal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Menometrorrhagia 月经过多 10027295 menometrorrhagia AE This is an AE which is the time in women's lives when menstrual periods stop permanently, and they are no longer able to bear children. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Menopause#Signs_and_symptoms 更年期症状 10027304 menopausal symptoms AE This is an AE which is the regular discharge of blood and mucosal tissue from the inner lining of the uterus through the vagina feel discomfortable. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Menstruation#Cramps 经期不适 10056344 menstrual discomfort AE This is an AE which is the regular discharge of blood and mucosal tissue from the inner lining of the uterus through the vagina and it is delayed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Menstruation 月经推迟 10027336 menstruation delayed AE This is an AE which the lower end of the uterus, the cervix, opens into the vagina, while the upper end, the fundus, is connected to the fallopian tubes and is infected. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Uterus 宫内感染 10056254 intrauterine infection AE This is an AE which is a medical condition characterized by high levels of androgens in women and, less commonly, in men. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperandrogenism 雄激素过多症 10065597 hyperandrogenism AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the genital. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 生殖器脓肿 10062316 genital abscess AE This is an AE which is a small pocket of genital fluid (lymph, serum, plasma, blood, or pus) within the upper layers of the skin, usually caused by forceful rubbing (friction), burning, freezing, chemical exposure or infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blister 生殖器疱 10074995 genital blister AE This is an AE which is defined as an unpleasant, abnormal sense of touch on the genital. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysesthesia 外阴烧灼感 10054815 genital burning sensation AE This is an AE which is a closed sac on the genital, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 生殖器囊肿 10053178 genital cyst AE This is an AE which is a condition that affects the female reproductive system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Female_genital_disease 女性生殖障碍 10061176 genital disorder female AE This is an AE which is a condition that affects the male reproductive system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Male_genital_disease 男性生殖障碍 10061177 genital disorder male AE This is an AE which is redness of the genital skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 生殖器红斑 10054816 genital erythema AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged genital blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 生殖器出血 10061178 genital hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is an infection by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) of the genitals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Genital_herpes 生殖器疱疹 10018150 genital herpes AE This is an AE which is a viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Herpes_simplex 生殖器单纯疱疹 10073931 genital herpes simplex AE This is an AE which is a viral genital disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a localized genital area. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Shingles 生殖器带状疱疹 10072210 genital herpes zoster AE This is an AE which is a common side effect of various medical conditions which manifests as a reduced sense of touch or sensation, or a partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli such as genital hypoesthesia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoesthesia 生殖器触觉减退 10068912 genital hypoesthesia AE This is an AE which is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce such as genital infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 生殖器感染 10048461 genital infection AE This is an AE which is the invasion of an organism's genital tissues by disease-causing agents such as bactarial, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 生殖器细菌感染 10061179 genital infection bacterial AE This is an AE which is the invasion of an organism's genital  tissues by disease-causing agents such as fungal, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infection 生殖器真菌感染 10061180 genital infection fungal AE This is an AE which is trauma to the genitalia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Genital_trauma 生殖器损伤 10063630 genital injury AE This is an AE which is defined as complete or partial fusion of the labia minora in the midline through flimsy or dense adhesions. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30488271/ 生殖器唇粘连 10064162 genital labial adhesions AE This is an AE which is uncommon and may occur in cases of generalized porokeratosis with genital involvement or be localized to the genital area. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18358198/ 生殖器病变 10061978 genital lesion AE This is an AE which is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body such as female genital malignant neoplasm. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cancer 女性生殖道恶性肿瘤 10018160 genital neoplasm malignant female AE This is an AE which can arise from a variety of conditions, crimes, trauma, medical treatments, physical diseases, mental illness and infections. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/List_of_causes_of_genital_pain 生殖器疼痛 10061979 genital pain AE This is an AE which is a sensation on the female genital that causes the desire or reflex to scratch. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Itch 女性生殖器瘙痒 10018172 genital pruritus female AE This is an AE which is a change of the human genital skin which affects its color, appearance, or texture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rash 生殖器皮疹 10018175 genital rash AE This is an AE which is for a long time suspected of inducing sterility in the male. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16126436/ 生殖道炎症 10058821 genital tract inflammation AE This is an AE which is a genitalia external distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 生殖器外部疼痛 10018184 genitalia external painful AE This is an AE which is the most common bacterial infection in children and can be the early clinical manifestation of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) or be related to bladder dysfunctions. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31783012/ 泌尿生殖系统感染 10061182 genitourinary tract infection AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of germ cell . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 感染生殖细胞肿瘤 10075292 germ cell neoplasm AE This is an AE which is a condition in which a woman without diabetes develops high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gestational_diabetes 妊娠期糖尿病 10018209 gestational diabetes AE This is an AE which is a term used for a group of pregnancy-related tumours. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gestational_trophoblastic_disease 妊娠滋养层肿瘤 10061988 gestational trophoblastic tumor AE This is an AE which is a malignant neoplasm that originates from the fallopian tube. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fallopian_tube_cancer 输卵管癌 10016180 fallopian tube cancer AE This is an AE which is a closed sac on the fallopian tube, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 输卵管囊肿 10050697 fallopian tube cyst AE This is an AE which is tubes that stretch from the ovaries to the uterus, in the human female reproductive system and its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fallopian_tube 输卵管紊乱 10052094 fallopian tube disorder AE This is an AE which is disorders of the endocrine system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Endocrine_disease 内分泌紊乱 10014695 endocrine disorder AE This is an AE which is a surgical procedure that is used to remove (ablate) or destroy the endometrial lining of the uterus in people with uteruses who have heavy menstrual bleeding. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Endometrial_ablation 子宫内膜消融 10051908 endometrial ablation AE This is an AE which is a cancer that arises from the endometrium (the lining of the uterus or womb). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Endometrial_cancer 子宫内膜癌 10014733 endometrial cancer AE This is an AE which is the inner epithelial layer, along with its mucous membrane, of the mammalian uterus and its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Endometrium 子宫内膜症 10014753 endometrial disorder AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells such as endometrial hypertrophy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 子宫内膜肥厚 10014756 endometrial hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is a disease of the female reproductive system in which cells similar to those in the endometrium, the layer of tissue that normally covers the inside of the uterus, grow outside the uterus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Endometriosis 子宫内膜异位 10014778 endometriosis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Endometritis 子宫内膜炎 10014791 endometritis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium) with decidual. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Endometritis 子宫内膜炎蜕膜 10014792 endometritis decidual AE This is an AE which is a systemic pathological state of the endothelium. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Endothelial_dysfunction 内皮功能障碍 10048554 endothelial dysfunction AE This is an AE which is a commonly used method for securing airway and is considered to be safe but it can still lead to some complications of the airway. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31985591/ 气管插管并发症 10063349 endotracheal intubation complication AE This is an AE which is a female sex organ present in mammals, ostriches and a limited number of other animals and is become enlarged. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Clitoris 阴蒂增大 10014838 enlarged clitoris AE This is an AE that caused difficulty in swallowing and speech after it had been damaged by intubation or suction of the throat. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18242802/ 外阴增大 10066192 enlarged uvula AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the uterine cervix. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cervicitis 宫颈炎 10008323 cervicitis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the uterine cervix caused by human papilloma virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cervicitis 宫颈炎人乳头瘤病毒 10051800 cervicitis human papilloma virus AE This is an AE which is a type of headache characterised by chronic hemicranial pain referred to the head from either the cervical spine or soft tissues within the neck. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cervicogenic_headache 宫颈源性头痛 10064888 cervicogenic headache AE This is an AE which is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not and it is cervicogenic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vertigo 宫颈源性眩晕 10075760 cervicogenic vertigo AE This is an AE which is a cancer arising from the cervix and is metastatic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer 宫颈癌症转移 10055094 cervix cancer metastatic AE This is an AE which is a cancer arising from the cervix. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer 子宫颈癌 10008342 cervix carcinoma AE This is an AE which is a cancer arising from the cervix and is recurrent. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer 宫颈复发癌 10008344 cervix carcinoma recurrent AE This is an AE which is the lower part of the uterus (womb) in the human female reproductive system and its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cervix 宫颈疾病 10008351 cervix disorder AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged uterine cervix blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 宫颈出血子宫 10050022 cervix hemorrhage uterine AE This is an AE which is the inflammation of the cervix that can cause cervicitis . QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30630634/ 宫颈炎症 10068402 cervix inflammation AE This is an AE which is damage to the cervix caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 子宫颈损伤 10078266 cervix injury AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of cervix tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 宫颈肿瘤 10008354 cervix neoplasm AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the cervix tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 宫颈水肿 10063817 cervix edema AE This is an AE which is any form of physical injury to the chest including the ribs, heart and lungs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chest_injury 胸部受伤 10061386 chest injury AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the chest wall. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Abscess 胸壁脓肿 10051568 chest wall abscess AE This is an AE which is a common benign polyp or tumour on the surface of the cervical canal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cervical_polyp 宫颈息肉 10008297 cervical polyp AE This is an AE which is a cyst as a swelling in the upper part of neck anterior to sternocleidomastoid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Branchial_cleft_cyst 宫颈囊肿 10008254 cervical cyst AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus that develops in the breast with various causes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mastitis#Breast_abscess 乳房脓肿 10006171 breast abscess AE This is an AE which is a common mammographic finding, present on 86% of images. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23547207/ 乳房钙化 10048782 breast calcifications AE This is an AE which is cancer that develops from breast tissue on female. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Breast_cancer 女性乳腺癌 10057654 breast cancer female AE This is an AE which is a pre-cancerous or non-invasive cancerous lesion of the breast. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ductal_carcinoma_in_situ 原位乳腺癌 10006189 breast cancer in situ AE This is an AE which is when a person's cancer returns after treatment such as breast cancer recurrence. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cancer_recurrence 乳腺癌复发 10006198 breast cancer recurrent AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection involving the inner layers of the breast skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cellulitis 乳房蜂窝织炎 10006217 breast cellulitis AE This is an AE which is a fluid-filled sac within the breast. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Breast_cyst 乳腺囊肿 10006220 breast cyst AE This is an AE which is fluid from the nipple caused infection, with or without squeezing the breast. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nipple_discharge 乳腺分泌物感染 10006225 breast discharge infected AE This is an AE which is a constellation of symptoms involving the breasts. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Breast_tension 乳房不适 10049872 breast discomfort AE This is an AE which the most common symptoms are a breast mass, breast pain, and nipple discharge. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Breast_disease 女性乳房疾病 10006229 breast disorder female AE This is an AE which is benign, although malignancies can also occur such gynecomastia. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29708282/ 男性乳房疾病 10006230 breast disorder male AE This is an AE which is the enlargement of the breasts. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Breast_enlargement 乳房增大 10006242 breast enlargement AE This is an AE which can range from small mammographically-detected hematomas to large clinically significant hematomas that can cause severe discomfort to patients. QY, JX, HY https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7409600/ 乳腺出血 10006254 breast hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is dermal thickening causing the breast cutaneous surface to feel thicker and firmer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition#Secondary_lesions 乳房硬结 10006258 breast induration AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the breast or udder, usually associated with breastfeeding. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mastitis 乳腺炎症 10006262 breast inflammation AE This is an AE which is damage to the breast caused by an external force. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 乳房受伤 10059391 breast injury AE This is an AE which is deformities of the breast contour involving the inferior breast pole. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9354603/ 乳房畸形 10006271 breast malformation AE This is an AE which is a localized swelling that feel different from the surrounding tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Breast_mass 乳腺肿块 10006272 breast mass AE This is an AE which is one of the important imaging features of early breast cancer and are a key to early breast cancer diagnosis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31137184/ 乳房微钙化 10049791 breast microcalcification AE This is an AE which is milk produced by mammary glands, located in the breast of a human female and is discolouration . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Breast_milk 母乳变色 10058665 breast milk discoloration AE This is an AE which is a manufactured food designed and marketed for feeding to babies and infants under 12 months of age, usually prepared for bottle-feeding or cup-feeding from powder (mixed with water) or liquid (with or without additional water) but is intolerance. QY, JX, HY 母乳替代品不耐受 10072187 breast milk substitute intolerance AE This is an AE which is an abnormal mass of tissue in the breast as a result of neoplasia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Breast_disease#Neoplasms 乳腺肿瘤 10006279 breast neoplasm AE This is an AE which clinically using signs which include; increase in breast size, peau d'orange, skin erythema, hyperpigmented skin pores and positive pitting sign, as well as symptoms of breast pain and the sensation of heaviness in the breast. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28527396/ 乳房水肿 10006294 breast edema AE This is an AE which is a discontinuity or break in a breast membrane that impedes normal function of the affected organ. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ulcer 乳腺溃疡 10073419 breast ulceration AE This is an AE which is an abnormal mass of tissue in the breast as a result of neoplasia is benign. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Breast_disease 良性乳腺肿瘤 10004243 benign breast neoplasm AE This is an AE which is a medical condition characterized by not enough androgenic activity in the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Androgen_deficiency 缺乏雄激素 10002261 androgen deficiency AE This is an AE which is a pregnancy in which the embryo never develops or develops and is reabsorbed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blighted_ovum 无胚胎妊娠 10079814 anembryonic gestation AE This is an AE which is a type of cancerous tumor that can occur in several parts of the body such as cervix. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adenocarcinoma 宫颈腺癌 10001197 adenocarcinoma of the cervix AE This is an AE which is any form of physical injury to the chest including the ribs, heart and lungs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chest_injury 外伤性肺损伤 10069363 traumatic lung injury AE This is an AE which is part of the female genitalia; they are the major externally visible portions of the vulva and it is enlarged. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Labia 阴唇大 10023527 labia enlarged AE This is an AE which is an unusually small penis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Micropenis 小阴茎 10071706 micropenis AE This is an AE which is normal small bumps on the human penis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pearly_penile_papules 珍珠阴茎丘疹 10075021 pearly penile papules AE This is an AE which is a disease of the vagina caused by excessive growth of bacteria. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_vaginosis 细菌性阴道病 10004055 bacterial vaginosis AE This is an AE which is inflammation caused by bacterial of the vagina and vulva. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vaginitis 细菌性外阴阴道炎 10079528 bacterial vulvovaginitis AE This is an AE which is inflammation caused by candida of the glans penis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Balanitis 念珠菌炎 10004074 balanitis candida AE This is an AE which is an inflammation that affects both the glans penis and prepuce. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31971711/ 阴茎头包皮炎 10004078 balanoposthitis AE This is an AE which may be associated with an inability to void, sexual dysfunction, and recurrent infection. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30544206/ 隐性阴茎综合征 10067131 buried penis syndrome AE This is an AE which is a condition in which the head of the penis curves downward or upward, at the junction of the head and shaft of the penis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chordee 痛性阴茎勃起 10008746 chordee AE This is an AE which is a common cause of a benign breast lump in premenopausal women. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11270760/ 纤维腺瘤的乳房 10016613 fibroadenoma of breast AE This is an AE which is a condition of the breasts where there may be pain, breast cysts, and breast masses. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fibrocystic_breast_changes 乳腺纤维囊性乳腺病 10016621 fibrocystic breast disease AE This is an AE which is defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision, as a persistent or recurrent delay in, or absence of, orgasm following a 'normal' sexual excitement phase. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22005203/ 女性性高潮障碍 10016405 female orgasmic disorder AE This is an AE which is a rare medical condition of the breast connective tissues in which the breasts become excessively large. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Breast_hypertrophy 肥大的乳房 10020881 hypertrophy breast AE This is an AE which is one of the most aggressive forms of breast cancer and can occur at any age (and, extremely rarely, in men). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammatory_breast_cancer 乳腺炎性癌 10021980 inflammatory carcinoma of the breast AE This is an AE which refers to infertility in women. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Female_infertility 不孕女性 10021928 infertility female AE This is an AE which refers to a sexually mature male's inability to impregnate a fertile female. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Male_infertility 男性不育 10021929 infertility male AE This is an AE which is a type of tumor that can occur within the cells of the pancreatic duct. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Intraductal_papillary_mucinous_neoplasm 导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤 10070999 intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm AE This is an AE which including usual ductal hyperplasia (UDH), atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) are associated with increased risk, albeit of greatly different magnitudes, for the subsequent development of invasive carcinoma. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27498697/ 乳腺导管内增生性病变 10073094 intraductal proliferative breast lesion AE This is an AE which is the most common 'special' morphological subtype of breast cancer, comprising up to 15% of all cases. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25849106/ 浸润性小叶乳腺癌 10073096 invasive lobular breast carcinoma AE This is an AE which is a risk factor and a nonobligate precursor of breast carcinoma. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29413653/ 原位小叶性乳腺癌 10073099 lobular breast carcinoma in situ AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the breast or udder, usually associated with breastfeeding. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mastitis 乳腺炎 10026883 mastitis AE This is an AE which is a raised region of tissue on the surface of the breast from which , in females, milk leaves the breast through the lactiferous ducts to feed an infant; meantime,its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nipple 乳头紊乱 10029417 nipple disorder AE This is an AE which is one of the most common reasons given by mothers for ceasing exclusive breastfeeding. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26426034/ 乳头疼痛 10029421 nipple pain AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of a nipple part or area not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 乳头肿胀 10058680 nipple swelling AE This is an AE which is the lower part of the uterus (womb) in the human female reproductive system and is shortened. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cervix 缩短的子宫颈 10067726 shortened cervix AE This is an AE which is a closed sac on the adnexa uteri, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 附件子宫囊肿 10050203 adnexa uteri cyst AE This is an AE which is the structures most closely related structurally and functionally to the uterus and it has mass. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Uterine_appendages 附件子宫肿块 10058897 adnexa uteri mass AE This is an AE which is the structures most closely related structurally and functionally to the uterus and it feel pain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Uterine_appendages 附件子宫痛 10058841 adnexa uteri pain AE This is an AE which is a person's overall sexual drive or desire for sexual activity that is became disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Libido 性欲障碍 10061221 libido disorder AE This is an AE which is a noncancerous increase in size of the prostate gland. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Benign_prostatic_hyperplasia 良性前列腺增生 10004446 benign prostatic hyperplasia AE This is an AE which is non-cyclic uterine bleeding characterized by irregular, prolonged, and often heavy menstruation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31747180/ 无排卵性出血 10005104 bleeding anovulatory AE This is an AE which is the ending of pregnancy where one or more babies leaves the uterus by passing through the vagina or by Caesarean section with bleeding. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Childbirth 围产期出血 10048607 bleeding peripartum AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection involving the inner layers of the skin of male external genital organ. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cellulitis 男性外生殖器蜂窝组织炎 10064929 cellulitis of male external genital organ AE This is an AE which is a sexual activity typically involving the insertion and thrusting of the penis into the vagina for sexual pleasure, reproduction, or both and can bleeding sometimes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sexual_intercourse 性交出血 10065019 coital bleeding AE This is an AE which means diminished functional activity of the gonads—the testes or the ovaries—that may result in diminished production of sex hormones. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypogonadism 性腺机能减退 10058359 hypogonadism AE This is an AE which means diminished functional activity of the gonads the testes or the ovaries that may result in diminished production of sex hormones occurs on male. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypogonadism#Men 男性性腺机能减退 10021011 hypogonadism male AE This is an AE which is extremely heavy menstrual blood flow. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypomenorrhea 月经过多 10021033 hypomenorrhoea AE This is an AE which is a common disorder that appears to be a consequence of a wide range of physical and psychological conditions. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27681645/ 男性性功能障碍 10057672 male sexual dysfunction AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of malignant nipple tissue on the female. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 女性恶性乳头肿瘤 10053129 malignant nipple neoplasm female AE This is an AE which occurs when semen which would be ejaculated via the urethra is redirected to the urinary bladder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Retrograde_ejaculation 逆行性射精 10038967 retrograde ejaculation AE This is an AE which is a localized bleeding outside of retroplacental blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery[1] and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 胎盘后血肿 10054798 retroplacental hematoma AE This is an AE which can be seen on the oocyte retrieval day which might cause the cancelation of oocyte retrieval procedure. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31350169/ 射精失败 10014328 ejaculation failure AE This is an AE which is pain during menstruation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dysmenorrhea 痛经 10013935 dysmenorrhoea AE This is an AE which is an infection and inflammation in the Fallopian tubes (salpinges). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Salpingitis 输卵管炎 10039453 salpingitis AE This is an AE which is an inflammation of the ovaries with salpingo. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oophoritis 输卵管卵巢炎 10049677 salpingo-oophoritis AE This is an AE which is still common cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, and is still a major challenge in gynaecological practice. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28718242/ 输卵管破裂 10067553 tubal rupture AE This is an AE which is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Polycystic_ovary_syndrome 多囊卵巢 10036049 polycystic ovaries AE This is an AE which is defined as having serologic proof of infection without symptoms of disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Syphilis#Latent 潜伏梅毒 10070738 latent syphilis AE This is an AE which is due to problems with either the hypothalamus or pituitary gland affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG axis). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypogonadotropic_hypogonadism 继发性性腺机能减退 10059594 secondary hypogonadism AE This is an AE which is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Syphilis 梅毒 10062120 syphilis AE This is an AE which is a pregnancy in which the embryo never develops or develops and is reabsorbed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Blighted_ovum 萎亡孕卵 10005160 blighted ovum AE This is an AE which is the type of sexual dysfunction in which the penis fails to become or stay erect during sexual activity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erectile_dysfunction 器质性勃起功能障碍 10052004 organic erectile dysfunction AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels on postmenopausal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 绝经后出血 10055870 postmenopausal hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a severe and disabling form of premenstrual syndrome affecting 1.8–5.8% of menstruating women. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Premenstrual_dysphoric_disorder 经前综合症 10051537 premenstrual dysphoric disorder AE This is an AE which is the symptom of pain in the face, head, or neck on the premenstrual . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Headache 经前头痛 10049122 premenstrual headache AE This is an AE which refers to emotional and physical symptoms that regularly occur in the one to two weeks before the start of each menstrual period. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Premenstrual_syndrome 经前综合症 10036618 premenstrual syndrome AE This is an AE which occurs when a man expels semen (and most likely experiences orgasm) soon after beginning sexual activity, and with minimal penile stimulation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Premature_ejaculation 早泄 10036596 premature ejaculation AE This is an AE which occurs when a man expels semen (and most likely experiences orgasm) soon after beginning sexual activity, and with minimal penile stimulation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Premature_ejaculation 包含结膜炎 10021629 inclusion conjunctivitis AE This is an AE which is a condition in which the ridged band of the akroposthion of the foreskin of the penis cannot stretch to allow it to be pulled back past the glans. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Phimosis 包皮过长 10034878 phimosis AE This is an AE which a condition in which the glans is completely exposed. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30280224/ 包皮连帽 10072135 hooded prepuce AE This is an AE which is the presence of blood in ejaculation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematospermia 血精症 10018866 haematospermia AE This is an AE which is any disease of the reproductive system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reproductive_system_disease 生殖道疾病 10061483 reproductive tract disorder AE This is an AE which is a spontaneous orgasm during sleep that includes ejaculation for a male, or vaginal wetness or an orgasm (or both) for a female. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nocturnal_emission 遗精 10041497 spermatorrhoea AE This is an AE which is the cord-like structure in males formed by the vas deferens (ductus deferens) and surrounding tissue that runs from the deep inguinal ring down to each testicle and its become disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spermatic_cord 精索疾病 10056348 spermatic cord disorder AE This is an AE which is a germ cell tumor of the testicle or, more rarely, the mediastinum or other extra-gonadal locations. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Seminoma 精原细胞瘤 10039956 seminoma AE This is an AE which is a connective tissue disorder involving the growth of fibrous plaques in the soft tissue of the penis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peyronie%27s_disease 佩罗尼氏病 10034765 peyronie's disease AE QY, JX, HY 阴道糜烂 10062558 vaginal erosion AE QY, JX, HY 阴道粘膜起泡 10048904 vaginal mucosal blistering AE QY, JX, HY 子宫肿块 10062662 uterine mass AE QY, JX, HY 输尿管疾病 10062220 ureteral disorder AE QY, JX, HY 阴囊疾病 10062155 scrotal disorder AE QY, JX, HY 胎盘输血综合症 10035146 placental transfusion syndrome AE QY, JX, HY 盆腔不适 10064229 pelvic discomfort AE QY, JX, HY 盆腔肿块 10034260 pelvic mass AE QY, JX, HY 阴茎尺寸减小 10034311 penile size reduced AE QY, JX, HY 阴茎血管障碍 10034323 penile vascular disorder AE QY, JX, HY 生殖器排泄物 10056740 genital discharge AE QY, JX, HY 生殖器不适 10066887 genital discomfort AE QY, JX, HY 生殖器侵蚀 10063802 genital erosion AE QY, JX, HY 子宫颈扩张 10057209 cervix enlargement AE QY, JX, HY 胸部压碎 10008468 chest crushing AE QY, JX, HY 胸壁肿块 10063004 chest wall mass AE QY, JX, HY 会阴损伤 10073329 perineal injury AE This is an AE which is defined as the elevation of end- expiratory lung volume above its predicted value, with no increase in end-expiratory alveolar pressure, which remains equal to atmospheric pressure. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19107020/ 肺恶性通货膨胀 10059487 lung hyperinflation AE This is an AE which comprise a group of anatomical abnormalities of the respiratory tree including congenital cystic malformations, bronchopulmonary sequestrations, bronchogenic cyst, bronchial atresia, and congenital lobar emphysema. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29110827/ 肺畸形 10037419 pulmonary malformation AE This is an AE which describes tumour cell microemboli with occlusive fibrointimal remodelling in small pulmonary arteries, veins and lymphatics. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27387102/ 肺微栓子 10037421 pulmonary microemboli AE This is an AE which is a cartilaginous tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs, allowing the passage of air, and so is present in almost all air-breathing animals with lungs and its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Trachea 气管疾病 10053490 tracheal disorder AE This is an AE which is a disease characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the lung and bronchial mucosa, as demonstrated by examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytologic preparations or histologic examination of the bronchial mucosa. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17693206/ 支气管肺病 10053582 bronchopneumopathy AE This is an AE which is a disorder at the respiratory tract organ level that is due to problems with tissue development. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect#congenital_malformation 呼吸道畸形 10038733 respiratory tract malformation AE This is an AE which is an important opportunistic invasive mycosis in immunocompromised patients, but it is also increasingly seen in immunocompetent patients. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30329097/ 肺真菌病 10037422 pulmonary mycosis AE This is an AE which is common and radiological investigation of pleural effusion, thickening, masses, and pneumothorax is key in diagnosing and determining management. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28233652/ 胸膜疾病 10035595 pleural disorder AE This is an AE which is induced experimentally by adding high external resistances to breathing. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1546280/ 呼吸疲劳 10068733 respiratory fatigue AE This is an AE which is one of two potentially fatal syndromes of zoonotic origin caused by species of hantavirus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hantavirus_pulmonary_syndrome 汉坦病毒肺感染 10019143 hantavirus pulmonary infection AE This is an AE which is pathological conditions with allergic affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange difficult in air-breathing animals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_disease 过敏性呼吸道症状 10063527 allergic respiratory symptom AE This is an AE which is the process by which gases move passively by diffusion across a surface on respiratory process occured problem . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gas_exchange 呼吸气体交换障碍 10062105 respiratory gas exchange disorder AE This is an AE which is a clinical sign that results from unequal intrathoracic pressure within the chest cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tracheal_deviation 气管偏斜 10044287 tracheal deviation AE This is an AE which is known as tracheitis, usually due to an infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Trachea#Inflammation_and_infection 气管炎症 10065899 tracheal inflammation AE This is an AE which is a distressing feeling on the tracheal often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 气管痛 10051955 tracheal pain AE This is an AE which is a discontinuity or break in a bodily membrane that impedes normal function of the tracheal . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ulcer 气管溃疡 10044299 tracheal ulcer AE This is an AE which is a condition or incident where the cartilage that keeps the airway (trachea) open is soft such that the trachea partly collapses especially during increased airflow. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tracheomalacia 气管软化 10056397 tracheomalacia AE This is an AE which is a surgical procedure infection which consists of making an incision (cut) on the anterior aspect (front) of the neck and opening a direct airway through an incision in the trachea (windpipe) . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tracheotomy 气管切开感染 10066335 tracheostomy infection AE This is an AE which is a surgical procedure which consists of making an incision (cut) on the anterior aspect (front) of the neck and opening a direct airway through an incision in the trachea (windpipe) and the surgical procedure results are malfunction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tracheotomy 气管切开术功能障碍 10044322 tracheostomy malfunction AE This is an AE which is a condition in which there is compression of the nerves, arteries, or veins in the passageway from the lower neck to the armpit. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_outlet_syndrome 胸廓出口综合征 10048627 thoracic outlet syndrome AE This is an AE which is a marker of bone fragility on the thoracic and is associated with a downward spiral of recurrent fractures known as the vertebral fracture cascade. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26363627/ 胸椎骨折 10049948 thoracic vertebral fracture AE This is an AE which is any damage or abnormal change in the throat tissue of an organism, usually caused by disease or trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lesion 喉咙病变 10054830 throat lesion AE This is an AE which is a headache that is severe and has a sudden onset and is defined as a severe headache that takes seconds to minutes to reach maximum intensity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thunderclap_headache 霹雳性头痛 10075481 thunderclap headache AE This is an AE which is a tumor originating from the epithelial cells of the thymus that is considered a rare malignancy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thymoma 胸腺瘤 10043670 thymoma AE This is an AE which is rare indolent tumours of the anterior superior mediastinum. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10772969/ 胸腺瘤恶性 10061031 thymoma malignant AE This is an AE which is a specialized primary lymphoid organ of the immune system and its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thymus 胸腺疾病 10061381 thymus disorder AE This is an AE which refers to an enlargement ("hyperplasia") of the thymus and is not always a disease state. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thymus_hyperplasia 胸腺增大 10065588 thymus enlargement AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of thymus tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 胸腺肥大 10043682 thymus hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is a condition where the thymus is underdeveloped or involuted. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Thymic_hypoplasia 胸腺发育不全 10052645 thymus hypoplasia AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which increased respiration elevates the blood pH beyond the normal range (7.35–7.45) with a concurrent reduction in arterial levels of carbon dioxide. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_alkalosis 呼吸性碱中毒 10038664 respiratory alkalosis AE This is an AE which is caused by apnea (cessation of breathing) or respiratory dysfunction severe enough it will not sustain the body (such as agonal breathing). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_arrest 呼吸骤停 10038669 respiratory arrest AE This is an AE which occurs when ventilation is inadequate to perform needed respiratory gas exchange. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoventilation 呼吸抑制 10038678 respiratory depression AE This is an AE which is pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange difficult in neonatal . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_disease 呼吸系统疾病新生儿 10061484 respiratory disorder neonatal AE This is an AE which results from inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system, meaning that the arterial oxygen, carbon dioxide, or both cannot be kept at normal levels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_failure 呼吸衰竭 10038695 respiratory failure AE This is an AE which refers the two reasons is neuromuscular disorders and respiratory muscle fatigue may lead to respiratory muscle weakness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_arrest 呼吸肌无力 10070833 respiratory muscle weakness AE This is an AE which is a benign epithelial tumor on the respiratory growing exophytically (outwardly projecting) in nipple-like and often finger-like fronds. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Papilloma 呼吸道乳头状瘤 10038707 respiratory papilloma AE This is an AE which results from inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system, meaning that the arterial oxygen, carbon dioxide, or both cannot be kept at normal levels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_failure 呼吸麻痹 10038708 respiratory paralysis AE This is an AE which is blockage of the small airways in the lungs caused by respiratory syncytial virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchiolitis 呼吸道合胞病毒性毛细支气管炎 10038718 respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the bronchi (large and medium-sized airways) in the lungs that causes coughing caused by respiratory syncytial virus . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchitis 呼吸道合胞病毒性支气管炎 10069811 respiratory syncytial virus bronchitis AE This is an AE which is a very common, contagious virus that causes infections of the respiratory tract. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_syncytial_virus 呼吸道合胞病毒感染 10061603 respiratory syncytial virus infection AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of respiratory tract tissues to harmful stimuli and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 呼吸道炎症 10068956 respiratory tract inflammation AE This is an AE which is a respiratory tract state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell-lining damage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irritation 呼吸道刺激 10038731 respiratory tract irritation AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the respiratory tract tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 呼吸道水肿 10070774 respiratory tract edema AE This is an AE which is an acute bleeding from the lung, from the upper respiratory tract and the trachea, and the alveoli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_hemorrhage 肺泡出血 10037313 pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is the complete absence of lung tissue, including bronchial tree, lung parenchyma, and supporting vasculatures. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_agenesis 肺发育不全 10037322 pulmonary aplasia AE This is an AE which is a common asymptomatic finding, usually discovered on routine chest X-ray or at autopsy and is caused mainly by two mechanisms: the dystrophic form and the metastatic form. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10783928/ 肺钙化 10051200 pulmonary calcification AE This is an AE which is an enclosed pocket of air or gas in the lung and includes blebs, bullae, pulmonary cysts, and lung cavities and has a wall thickness of more than 4 mm. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Focal_lung_pneumatosis 肺空化 10051738 pulmonary cavitation AE This is an AE which is a bruise of the lung, caused by chest trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_contusion 肺挫伤 10037370 pulmonary contusion AE This is an AE which is an aggregation on the pulmonary of macrophages that forms in response to chronic inflammation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Granuloma 肺肉芽肿 10037391 pulmonary granuloma AE This is an AE which results from recurrent bleeding into alveolar spaces and interstitial lung tissue. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16473816/ 肺含铁血黄素沉着症 10037396 pulmonary haemosiderosis AE This is an AE which is a group of structures that emerge at the hilum of each lung, just above the middle of the mediastinal surface and behind the cardiac impression of the lung and it has mass. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Root_of_the_lung 肺门肿块 10058563 pulmonary hilum mass AE This is an AE which is incomplete development of the lungs, resulting in an abnormally low number or size of bronchopulmonary segments or alveoli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_hypoplasia 肺发育不全 10037407 pulmonary hypoplasia AE This is an AE which occurs when an artery to the lung becomes blocked and part of the lung dies. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lung_infarction 肺梗塞 10037410 pulmonary infarction AE This is an AE which is a form of pulmonary cell injury which results in the premature death of cells in living pulmonary tissue by autolysis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Necrosis 肺坏死 10058824 pulmonary necrosis AE This is an AE which is a rare condition often diagnosed by either surgery or postmortem examination. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25316886/ 肺骨化 10070310 pulmonary ossification AE This is an AE which is a distressing pulmonary feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 肺痛 10074693 pulmonary pain AE This is an AE which refers to as pseudocysts in the literature, are air-filled thin-walled cysts that are formed in lung interstitium and can be single but are more often multiple. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32310606/ 肺积气 10063749 pulmonary pneumatocele AE This is an AE which is a rare medical syndrome in which respiratory failure involving bleeding in the lungs and kidney failure (glomerulonephritis) occur. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary-renal_syndrome 肺肾综合征 10068513 pulmonary renal syndrome AE This is an AE which can be asymptomatic or result in impairment in quality of life and end-stage, severe, and/or life-threatening disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33059834/ 肺结节病 10037430 pulmonary sarcoidosis AE This is an AE which is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs such as pulmonary sepsis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sepsis 肺脓毒症 10051739 pulmonary sepsis AE This is an AE which is the medical name for side effects on the lungs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_toxicity 肺毒性 10061924 pulmonary toxicity AE This is an AE which is defined as the spontaneously occurring presence of air in the pleural space in patients without clinically apparent underlying lung disease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20956196/ 自发性气胸 10035763 pneumothorax spontaneous AE This is an AE which is a life threatening condition requiring emergent intervention. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30509377/ 气胸自发性张力 10035764 pneumothorax spontaneous tension AE This is an AE which result from fibrothorax, secondary to hemothorax, thoracic empyema, tuberculous pleural effusion, or even exposure to asbestos fibers. QY, JX, HY https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6459740/ 胸膜钙化 10035592 pleural calcification AE This is an AE which is a medical procedure involving the surgical removal of the surface layer, membrane, or fibrous cover of an organ such as pleural. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Decortication 胸膜剥外皮 10066322 pleural decortication AE This is an AE which can result from a variety of inflammatory processes. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16716812/ 胸膜纤维化 10035600 pleural fibrosis AE This is an AE which is a type of cancer that develops from the thin layer of pleural tissue that covers many of the internal organs (known as the mesothelium). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mesothelioma 胸膜间皮瘤 10035603 pleural mesothelioma AE This is an AE which is an audible medical sign present in some patients with pleurisy and other conditions affecting the chest cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pleural_friction_rub 胸膜擦伤 10035615 pleural rub AE This is an AE which is an increase in the bulkiness of one or both of the pulmonary pleurae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pleural_thickening 胸膜增厚 10035616 pleural thickening AE This is an AE which is inflammation caused by viral of the membranes that surround the lungs and line the chest cavity (pleurae). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pleurisy 病毒性胸膜炎 10052761 pleurisy viral AE This is an AE which is the abnormal presence of air or other gas within tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumatosis 肺气肿 10051986 pneumatosis AE This is an AE which is the general term for a class of interstitial lung diseases where inhalation of dust has caused interstitial fibrosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumoconiosis 尘肺 10035653 pneumoconiosis AE This is an AE which is a group of diseases involving respiratory tract abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cancer 恶性呼吸道肿瘤 10061270 malignant respiratory tract neoplasm AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is also called the pneumococcus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumococcal_infection 肺炎球菌感染 10061353 pneumococcal infection AE This is an AE which is a yeast-like fungus of the genus Pneumocystis caused infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumocystis_jirovecii 耶氏肺孢子菌感染 10064107 pneumocystis jiroveci infection AE This is an AE which is a yeast-like fungus of the genus Pneumocystis caused infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumocystis_jirovecii 卡式肺感染 10073756 pneumocystis jirovecii infection AE This is an AE which is a form of pneumonia that is caused by the yeast-like fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumocystis_pneumonia 卡式肺孢子菌肺炎 10073755 pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia AE This is an AE which is pneumatosis (abnormal presence of air or other gas) in the mediastinum. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumomediastinum 纵隔气肿 10050184 pneumomediastinum AE This is an AE which is a fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans predominantly in immunosuppressed individuals and rarely in the immunocompetent population. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30363287/ 隐球菌肺炎 10067565 pneumonia cryptococcal AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory condition caused by haemophilus of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumonia 嗜血杆菌肺炎 10035702 pneumonia haemophilus AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory condition with influenzal of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumonia 流感肺炎 10035714 pneumonia influenzal AE This is an AE which is a recognised but rare cause of rhabdomyolysis and can be further complicated with renal impairment. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31227570/ 军团菌肺炎 10035718 pneumonia legionella AE This is an AE which is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by measles virus and can cause pneumonia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Measles 肺炎麻疹 10035722 pneumonia measles AE This is an AE which refers to the development of necrosis, liquefication, and cavitation of the lung parenchyma from an infectious pathogen. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28192581/ 坏死性肺炎 10055672 pneumonia necrotising AE This is an AE which is a type of bacterial pneumonia that is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (which is also called pneumococcus). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumococcal_pneumonia 肺炎球菌肺炎 10035728 pneumonia pneumococcal AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory condition caused by pseudomonal of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumonia 假性肺炎 10035731 pneumonia pseudomonal AE This is an AE which is rare, has a high mortality and morbidity rate, and occurs commonly during influenza epidemics (airborne) or during the course of right sided bacterial endocarditis in drug addicts (blood borne). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7460648/ 葡萄球菌肺炎 10035734 pneumonia staphylococcal AE This is an AE which is a severe lung infection caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumonic_plague 肺鼠疫 10053026 pneumonic plague AE This is an AE which is a type of liquefactive necrosis of the lung tissue and formation of cavities (more than 2 cm)containing necrotic debris or fluid caused by microbial infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lung_abscess 肺脓肿 10025028 lung abscess AE This is an AE which is the most common type of lung cancer, and like other forms of lung cancer, it is characterized by distinct cellular and molecular features. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adenocarcinoma_of_the_lung 肺腺癌 10025031 lung adenocarcinoma AE This is an AE which is a region of normally compressible lung tissue that has filled with liquid instead of air. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_consolidation 肺实变 10025080 lung consolidation AE This is an AE which has a wall thickness of up to 4 mm. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Focal_lung_pneumatosis 肺囊肿 10068749 lung cyst AE This is an AE which is dermal thickening causing the lung cutaneous surface to feel thicker and firmer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition#Secondary_lesions 肺硬化 10057261 lung induration AE This is an AE which is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body such as lung neoplasm malignant. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cancer 恶性肺肿瘤 10058467 lung neoplasm malignant AE This is an AE which refers abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitium, manifesting as swelling on the lower respiratory tract. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Congestion 下呼吸道充血 10075565 lower respiratory tract congestion AE This is an AE which is a term often used as a synonym for pneumonia but can also be applied to other types of infection caused by bacterial including lung abscess and acute bronchitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lower_respiratory_tract_infection 下呼吸道细菌感染 10063890 lower respiratory tract infection bacterial AE This is an AE which is a term often used as a synonym for pneumonia but can also be applied to other types of infection caused by fungal including lung abscess and acute bronchitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lower_respiratory_tract_infection 下呼吸道真菌感染 10065187 lower respiratory tract infection fungal AE This is an AE which is a term often used as a synonym for pneumonia but can also be applied to other types of infection caused by viral including lung abscess and acute bronchitis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lower_respiratory_tract_infection 下呼吸道病毒感染 10065188 lower respiratory tract infection viral AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of lower respiratory tract tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants,and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 下呼吸道炎症 10057260 lower respiratory tract inflammation AE This is an AE which is mostly squamous-cell carcinomas, reflecting their origin from the epithelium of the larynx. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Laryngeal_cancer 喉癌 10023825 laryngeal cancer AE This is an AE which is cysts involving the larynx or more frequently supraglottic locations, such as epiglottis and vallecula. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Laryngeal_cyst 喉囊肿 10051848 laryngeal cyst AE This is an AE which refers to the larynx and feel discomfortable. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Laryngeal 喉不舒服 10054115 laryngeal discomfort AE This is an AE which is manifested by obstructive breathing patterns reflecting functional or mechanical upper airway obstruction. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31882166/ 喉症 10061263 laryngeal disorder AE This is an AE which is a feeling on the laryngeal of not being able to breathe well enough. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Shortness_of_breath 喉呼吸困难 10052390 laryngeal dyspnoea AE This is an AE which is redness of the laryngeal skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 喉红斑 10051706 laryngeal erythema AE This is an AE which is the increase in the volume of laryngeal tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 喉肥大 10068840 laryngeal hypertrophy AE This is an AE which may be a cause of ABD in preterm newborns and it may arise from oesophageal reflux and/or presence of the feeding tube. It can be diagnosed by atraumatic fiberoptic fibroscopy and successfully treated with corticosteroids. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15814221/ 喉水肿 10023845 laryngeal edema AE This is an AE which is a distressing laryngeal feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pain 喉痛 10023848 laryngeal pain AE This is an AE which is a rare medical condition in which benign tumors (papilloma) form along the aerodigestive tract. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Laryngeal_papillomatosis 喉乳头状瘤 10023849 laryngeal papilloma AE This is an AE which is a complex disorder of intralaryngeal and extralaryngeal movement. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20798566/ 喉头颤抖 10078751 laryngeal tremor AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the larynx (voice box) and is allergic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Laryngitis 过敏性喉炎 10064866 laryngitis allergic AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the larynx (voice box) caused by bacterial. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Laryngitis 细菌性喉炎 10063070 laryngitis bacterial AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the larynx (voice box) caused by viral. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Laryngitis 病毒性喉炎 10023880 laryngitis viral AE This is an AE which is the most common cause of chronic stridor in infancy, in which the soft, immature cartilage of the upper larynx collapses inward during inhalation, causing airway obstruction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Laryngomalacia 喉软骨软化病 10060786 laryngomalacia AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the laryngotracheal tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 喉气管的水肿 10023893 laryngotracheal edema AE This is an AE which is a larynx state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell-lining damage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irritation 喉部刺激 10058670 larynx irritation AE This is an AE which is the enlargement and failure of the right ventricle of the heart as a response to increased vascular resistance (such as from pulmonic stenosis) or high blood pressure in the lungs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_heart_disease 肺心病 10010968 cor pulmonale AE This is an AE which is the enlargement and failure of the right ventricle of the heart as a response to increased vascular resistance (such as from pulmonic stenosis) or high blood pressure in the lungs and is acute. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_heart_disease 急性肺心病 10010969 cor pulmonale acute AE This is an AE which results in right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), whereas acute pulmonary heart disease usually results in dilatation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_heart_disease 慢性肺心病 10010970 cor pulmonale chronic AE This is an AE which is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by progressively deeper, and sometimes faster, breathing followed by a gradual decrease that results in a temporary stop in breathing called an apnea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cheyne%E2%80%93Stokes_respiration 呼吸节律异常 10008501 cheyne-stokes respiration AE This is an AE which is a malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lung_cancer 支气管癌 10006417 bronchial carcinoma AE This is an AE which is a passage or airway in the respiratory system that conducts air into the lungs and its function becomes disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchus 支气管疾病 10064913 bronchial disorder AE This is an AE which is a state characterised by easily triggered bronchospasm (contraction of the bronchioles or small airways). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchial_hyperresponsiveness 支气管高反应性 10066091 bronchial hyperreactivity AE This is an AE which is a bronchial state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell-lining damage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irritation 支气管发炎 10006438 bronchial irritation AE This is an AE which is a radiologic sign which occurs when excess fluid or mucus buildup in the small airway passages of the lung causes localized patches of atelectasis (lung collapse). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peribronchial_cuffing 支气管壁增厚 10067182 bronchial wall thickening AE This is an AE which is a disease in which there is permanent enlargement of parts of the airways of the lung. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchiectasis 支气管扩张 10006445 bronchiectasis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the bronchi (large and medium-sized airways) in the lungs that causes coughing. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchitis 支气管炎 10006451 bronchitis AE This is an AE which is short-term bronchitis – inflammation of the bronchi (large and medium-sized airways) of the lungs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_bronchitis 急性支气管炎 10006452 bronchitis acute AE This is an AE which is inflammation caused by bacterial of the bronchi (large and medium-sized airways) in the lungs that causes coughing. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchitis 细菌性支气管炎 10061736 bronchitis bacterial AE This is an AE which is a lower respiratory tract disease, defined by a productive cough that lasts for three months or more per year for at least two years. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchitis#Chronic_bronchitis 慢性支气管炎 10006458 bronchitis chronic AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the bronchi (large and medium-sized airways) in the lungs that causes coughing because pneumococcal infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchitis 肺炎球菌支气管炎 10062487 bronchitis pneumococcal AE This is an AE which is short term inflammation of the bronchi of the lungs and the cause is a viral infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchitis 病毒性支气管炎 10053160 bronchitis viral AE This is an AE which is a term for weak cartilage in the walls of the bronchial tubes, often occurring in children under a day. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchomalacia 支气管软化 10053421 bronchomalacia AE This is an AE which is a chronic lung disease in which premature infants, usually those who were treated with supplemental oxygen, require long-term oxygen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchopulmonary_dysplasia 支气管肺发育不良 10006475 bronchopulmonary dysplasia AE This is an AE which is a known complication of endobronchial tuberculosis though most patients with endobronchial stenosis do not develop severe bronchostenosis or occlusion. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33614322/ 支气管狭窄 10006487 bronchostenosis AE This is an AE which is abnormally slow breathing. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bradypnea 呼吸徐缓 10006102 bradypnoea AE This is an AE which is a mass of cells (tumor) that lacks the ability to either invade neighboring tissue or metastasize (spread throughout the body) such as benign lung neoplasm. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Benign_tumor 良性肺肿瘤 10004280 benign lung neoplasm AE This is an AE which is the cessation of breathing. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Apnea 憋气 10006322 breath holding AE This is an AE which is a sleep disorder in which abnormalities in breathing occur during sleep that may or may not be present while awake. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sleep-related_breathing_disorder 与呼吸相关的睡眠障碍 10006344 breathing-related sleep disorder AE This is an AE which is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of the vocal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrophy 声带萎缩 10050201 vocal cord atrophy AE This is an AE which is a pathology affecting the vocal folds (commonly referred to as the vocal cords)characterized by full or partial vocal fold closure causing difficulty and distress during respiration, especially during inhalation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vocal_cord_dysfunction 声带功能障碍 10061581 vocal cord dysfunction AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of vocal cord tissues to harmful stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 声带炎症 10057295 vocal cord inflammation AE This is an AE which is an injury to one or both recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLNs), which control all muscles of the larynx except for the cricothyroid muscle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vocal_cord_paresis 声带麻痹 10047674 vocal cord paralysis AE This is an AE which is an injury to one or both recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLNs), which control all muscles of the larynx except for the cricothyroid muscle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vocal_cord_paresis 声带麻痹 10049234 vocal cord paresis AE This is an AE which is bilaterally symmetrical benign white masses that form at the midpoint of the vocal folds. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vocal_cord_nodule 声带息肉 10047675 vocal cord polyp AE This is an AE which is an illness caused by an acute bacterial infection, which involves the upper respiratory tract, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx or trachea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Upper_respiratory_tract_infection 上呼吸道细菌性感染 10057868 upper respiratory tract infection bacterial AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli such as upper respiratory tract inflammation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 上呼吸道炎症 10049590 upper respiratory tract inflammation AE This is an AE which is a upper respiratory tract state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell-lining damage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irritation 上呼吸道刺激 10070841 upper respiratory tract irritation AE This is an AE which occurs when excessive mucus is produced by the nasal mucosa. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Post-nasal_drip 上呼吸道咳嗽综合征 10070488 upper-airway cough syndrome AE This is an AE which is an illness caused by an acute viral infection, which involves the upper respiratory tract, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx or trachea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Upper_respiratory_tract_infection 病毒性上呼吸道感染 10047482 viral upper respiratory tract infection AE This is an AE which is pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange difficult in air-breathing animals and is allergic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_disease 过敏性呼吸道疾病 10063532 allergic respiratory disease AE This is an AE which is defined as cessation of breathing with implicit pathophysiology. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23714577/ 呼吸暂停症 10002974 apnoea AE This is an AE which is the cessation of breathing on the neonatal. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23714577/ 新生儿呼吸暂停 10002976 apnoea neonatal AE This is an AE which is a quarterly peer-reviewed medical journal that covers research in the field of respiratory disease, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, respiratory failure, and obstructive sleep apnea. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chronic_Respiratory_Disease 慢性呼吸道疾病 10061768 chronic respiratory disease AE This is an AE which is a feeling of not being able to breathe well enough at rest. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Shortness_of_breath 休息时呼吸困难 10013969 dyspnoea at rest AE This is an AE which is an attack of severe shortness of breath and coughing that generally occurs at night. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paroxysmal_nocturnal_dyspnoea 呼吸困难阵发性夜间 10013974 dyspnoea paroxysmal nocturnal AE This is an AE which is overly shallow breathing or an abnormally low respiratory rate. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypopnea 呼吸功能不全 10021079 hypopnoea AE This is an AE which is the cessation of breathing on infantile. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Apnea 小儿呼吸暂停 10077321 infantile apnoea AE This is an AE which is a disease in which there is permanent enlargement of parts of the airways of the lung and is infective exacerbation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchiectasis 支气管扩张的感染性加重 10070295 infective exacerbation of bronchiectasis AE This is an AE which is the medical condition resulting from deprivation of oxygen to a newborn infant that lasts long enough during the birth process to cause physical harm, usually to the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Perinatal_asphyxia 新生儿窒息 10028923 neonatal asphyxia AE This is an AE which associates neonatal case fatality, and morbidity prevalence are high. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21949140/ 新生儿呼吸衰竭 10028970 neonatal respiratory depression AE This is an AE which is a syndrome in premature infants caused by developmental insufficiency of pulmonary surfactant production and structural immaturity in the lungs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infant_respiratory_distress_syndrome 新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征 10028974 neonatal respiratory distress syndrome AE This is an AE which is a respiratory rate greater than normal at neonatal, resulting in abnormally rapid breathing. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tachypnea 新生儿呼吸急促 10057183 neonatal tachypnoea AE This is an AE which is a feeling of not being able to breathe well enough on postoperative. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Shortness_of_breath 术后呼吸窘迫 10054809 postoperative respiratory distress AE This is an AE which is a viral respiratory disease of zoonotic origin caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-1), the first identified strain of the SARS coronavirus species severe acute respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome 严重急性呼吸综合征 10061982 severe acute respiratory syndrome AE This is an AE which is a sleep disorder in which pauses in breathing or periods of shallow breathing during sleep occur more often than normal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sleep_apnea 睡眠呼吸暂停综合征 10040979 sleep apnoea syndrome AE This is an AE which is an accumulation of air in the chest causing the lung to separate from the chest wall. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Collapsed_lung_(disambiguation) 肺萎陷 10009913 collapse of lung AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the bronchi fibrinous (large and medium-sized airways) in the lungs that causes coughing. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchitis 纤维素性支气管炎 10051011 fibrinous bronchitis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the bronchi (large and medium-sized airways) in the lungs that causes coughing and is allergic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchitis 过敏性支气管炎 10052613 allergic bronchitis AE This is an AE which is a sudden expulsion of air through the large breathing passages that can help clear them of fluids, irritants, foreign particles and microbes and is allergic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cough 过敏性咳嗽 10053779 allergic cough AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection of the trachea and is capable of producing airway obstruction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tracheitis#Bacterial_tracheitis 细菌气管炎 10066798 bacterial tracheitis AE This is an AE which is a disease that results in obstruction of the smallest airways of the lungs (bronchioles) due to inflammation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bronchiolitis_obliterans 闭塞性细支气管炎 10029888 obliterative bronchiolitis AE This is an AE which is a disease of the lymph nodes at paratracheal, in which they are abnormal in size or consistency. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lymphadenopathy 气管旁淋巴结病 10033969 paratracheal lymphadenopathy AE This is an AE which is significant both because of the clinical problems that it can create and because its pathogenesis can be defined. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2916958/ 心因性呼吸窘迫 10072630 psychogenic respiratory distress AE This is an AE which occurs also during sleep. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23816600/ 呼吸不规则 10076213 irregular breathing AE This is an AE which is a deep and labored breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also kidney failure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kussmaul_breathing 库斯莫尔呼吸 10023499 kussmaul respiration AE This is an AE which is believed to be caused by retrograde flow of gastric contents (particularly acid and pepsin) that affect pharyngeal and laryngeal mucosa by direct contact or by a secondary mechanism. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23769008/ 反流性喉炎 10067869 reflux laryngitis AE This is an AE which is potentially a life-threatening condition with sudden onset and dramatic clinical presentation demanding prompt management and airway preservation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25921270/ 声门下喉炎 10076988 subglottic laryngitis AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diphtheria 白喉 10013023 diphtheria AE This is an AE which is closely related to sighing, and the inhalation characterizing a gasp induced by shock or surprise may be released as a sigh if the event causing the initial emotional reaction is determined to be less shocking or surprising than the observer first believed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paralanguage#Gasps 喘息综合症 10069162 gasping syndrome AE This is an AE which is a disease of the hilar lymph nodes, in which they are abnormal in size or consistency. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32771058/ 肺门淋巴结病 10020094 hilar lymphadenopathy AE This is an AE which is a rare, progressive illness of the respiratory system, characterized by the thickening and stiffening of lung tissue, associated with the formation of scar tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis 特发性肺纤维化 10021240 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis AE This is an AE which is a heterogeneous group of undifferentiated malignant neoplasms that lack the cytologic and architectural features of small cell carcinoma and glandular or squamous differentiation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Large-cell_lung_carcinoma 大细胞肺癌 10023774 large cell lung cancer AE This is an AE which is mainly caused by bacteria, group B streptococcus, Escherichia coli and listeria being the most frequently involved; Herpes simplex is the main viral agent. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10223164/ 新生儿肺炎 10053584 neonatal pneumonia AE This is an AE which is a category of extrapulmonary, pleural, or parenchymal respiratory diseases that restrict lung expansion, resulting in a decreased lung volume, an increased work of breathing, and inadequate ventilation and/or oxygenation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Restrictive_lung_disease 限制性肺病 10048667 restrictive pulmonary disease AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory condition caused by varicella zoster of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumonia 水痘带状疱疹肺炎 10074254 varicella zoster pneumonia AE This is an AE which is a rare, severe lung disease that usually affects otherwise healthy individuals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_interstitial_pneumonitis 急性间质性肺炎 10066728 acute interstitial pneumonitis AE This is an AE which is a type of respiratory failure characterized by rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndrome 急性肺损伤 10069351 acute lung injury AE This is an AE which is a group of diseases that mainly affect the alveoli of the lungs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alveolar_lung_disease 肺泡肺部疾病 10073344 alveolar lung disease AE This is an AE which is a rare lung disorder characterized by an abnormal accumulation of surfactant-derived lipoprotein compounds within the alveoli of the lung. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_alveolar_proteinosis 肺泡蛋白质沉积症 10001881 alveolar proteinosis AE This is an AE which is a rare immune system disorder that affects the lungs and is fibrosing. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypersensitivity_pneumonitis 纤维性肺泡炎 10001892 alveolitis fibrosing AE This is an AE which is the collapse or closure of a lung resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange at neonatal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atelectasis 新生儿肺不张 10003599 atelectasis neonatal AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory condition caused by candida of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumonia 念珠菌肺炎 10053158 candida pneumonia AE This is an AE which is a surgical procedure in which one or both lungs are replaced by lungs from a donor and after the surgical procedure occurs complications . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lung_transplantation#Transplant_requirements 肺移植并发症 10010187 complications of transplanted lung AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory condition caused by covid-19 of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pneumonia covid-19肺炎 10084380 covid-19 pneumonia AE This is an AE which is a genetic disorder that affects mostly the lungs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cystic_fibrosis 肺囊性纤维化 10011763 cystic fibrosis lung AE This is an AE which is a histologic term used to describe specific changes that occur to the structure of the lungs during injury or disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_alveolar_damage 弥漫性肺泡损伤 10060902 diffuse alveolar damage AE This is an AE which is a lower respiratory tract disease, characterised by air-filled spaces (pneumatoses) in the lung, that can vary in size and may be very large. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Emphysema 肺气肿 10014561 emphysema AE This is an AE which is a disease in which an eosinophil, a type of white blood cell, accumulates in the lungs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eosinophilic_pneumonia 嗜酸性肺炎 10014962 eosinophilic pneumonia AE This is an AE which is a chronic disease in which an eosinophil, a type of white blood cell, accumulates in the lungs . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eosinophilic_pneumonia 慢性嗜酸性肺炎 10052833 eosinophilic pneumonia chronic AE This is an AE which is tuberculosis (TB) within a location in the body other than the lungs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Extrapulmonary_tuberculosis 肺外结核 10064445 extrapulmonary tuberculosis AE This is an AE which causes viral pneumonia which can become life-threatening if the virus spreads to the lungs. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32423043/ 肺炎病毒感染 10066226 metapneumovirus infection AE This is an AE which is a disease of the lung associated with RA, rheumatoid arthritis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_lung_disease 类风湿肺 10039081 rheumatoid lung AE This is an AE which is more common in men than in women and it is closely correlated with a history of tobacco smoking, more so than most other types of lung cancer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Non-small-cell_lung_carcinoma#Squamous-cell_lung_carcinoma 肺鳞状细胞癌 10041826 squamous cell carcinoma of lung AE This is an AE which is any type of pneumonia not caused by one of the pathogens most commonly associated with the disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atypical_pneumonia 非典型性肺炎 10003757 atypical pneumonia AE This is an AE which is damage to the spinal cord that causes temporary or permanent changes in its function. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spinal_cord_injury 脊髓损伤胸 10041558 spinal cord injury thoracic AE This is an AE which is a long flat bone located in the central part of the chest is injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sternum 胸骨损伤 10056287 sternal injury AE This is an AE which is one the most common extrapulmonary tuberculosis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32501259/ 结核性胸膜炎 10045104 tuberculous pleurisy AE This is an AE which is a vaso-occlusive crisis of the pulmonary vasculature commonly seen in people with sickle cell anemia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_chest_syndrome 急性胸部综合症 10051895 acute chest syndrome AE This is an AE which generally refers to a broad, deep chest found on a patient. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Barrel_chest 桶状胸 10004133 barrel chest AE This is an AE which is a major abnormality in the shape of a body part or organ compared to the normal shape of that part such as thorax part. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Deformity 畸形胸 10061810 deformity thorax AE This is an AE which is a life-threatening medical condition that occurs when a segment of the rib cage breaks due to trauma and becomes detached from the rest of the chest wall. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Flail_chest 连枷胸 10016747 flail chest AE This is an AE which is an accumulation of blood within the pleural cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemothorax 血胸 10019027 haemothorax AE This is an AE which is accumulation of excessive fluid in the pleural space, the potential space that surrounds each lung. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pleural_effusion#Transudative 胸膜积水 10048612 hydrothorax AE This is an AE which is accumulation of excessive fluid in the pleural space, the potential space that surrounds each lung and is infectious. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pleural_effusion 传染性胸膜积液 10071699 infectious pleural effusion AE This is an AE which is a structural deformity of the anterior thoracic wall in which the sternum and rib cage are shaped abnormally. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pectus_excavatum 漏斗胸 10034204 pectus excavatum AE This is an AE which is a collection of pus in the pleural cavity caused by microorganisms, usually bacteria. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pleural_empyema 胸膜积脓 10037658 pyothorax AE This is an AE which is a rare and potentially limb- and life-threatening injury, that results from high-energy trauma. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31046412/ 肩胸分离 10070073 scapulothoracic dissociation AE This is an AE which is an acute exacerbation of asthma that does not respond to standard treatments of bronchodilators (inhalers) and corticosteroids. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_severe_asthma 哮喘持续状态 10041961 status asthmaticus AE This is an AE which is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs and is crisis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Asthma 哮喘危机 10064823 asthmatic crisis AE This is an AE which occurs when breathing is impeded by a constricted or obstructed throat or windpipe. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Choking 气哽 10008590 choking sensation AE This is an AE which is a feeling of deficient supply of oxygen to the body that arises from abnormal breathing. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Asphyxia 窒息感 10042444 suffocation feeling AE This is an AE which is a blockage of respiration in the airway that hinders the free flow of air and is reversible. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Airway_obstruction 可逆性气道阻塞 10062109 reversible airways obstruction AE This is an AE which is the vibration of respiratory structures and the resulting sound due to obstructed air movement during breathing while sleeping. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Snoring 打鼾 10041235 snoring AE This is an AE which is a type of respiratory infection that is usually caused by a virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Croup 危重疾病 10077264 critical illness AE QY, JX, HY 肺门增大 10065291 pulmonary hilar enlargement AE QY, JX, HY 肺低通货膨胀 10076905 lung hypoinflation AE QY, JX, HY 肺浑浊 10081792 lung opacity AE QY, JX, HY 喉部肿块 10057439 laryngeal mass AE QY, JX, HY 支气管肺的疾病 10053420 bronchopulmonary disease AE QY, JX, HY 声带障碍 10061581 vocal cord disorder AE QY, JX, HY 呼吸暂停发作 10002977 apnoeic attack AE QY, JX, HY 婴儿呼吸暂停发作 10065422 infantile apnoeic attack AE QY, JX, HY 新生儿呼吸暂停发作 10028922 neonatal apnoeic attack AE QY, JX, HY 副鼻窦支气管炎 10048979 sinobronchitis AE This is an AE which is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease of unknown cause which can affect any body part of any person but has a strong preference for the genitals (penis, vulva) and is also known as balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) when it affects the penis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lichen_sclerosus 硬化性苔癣 10024434 lichen sclerosus AE This is an AE which is the most common demyelinating disease, in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged and it has plaque. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis 多发性硬化斑块 10078558 multiple sclerosis plaque AE This is an AE which is a neuropathological condition with severe neuronal cell loss and gliosis in the hippocampus, specifically in the CA-1 (Cornu Ammonis area 1) and subiculum of the hippocampus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hippocampal_sclerosis 海马硬化 10063629 hippocampal sclerosis AE This is an AE which is a form of Hodgkin's lymphoma that is the most common subtype of HL in developed countries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nodular_sclerosis 霍奇金氏病结节性硬化 10020244 hodgkin's disease nodular sclerosis AE This is an AE which is a genetic multisystem disorder characterised by widespread hamartomas in several organs, including the brain, heart, skin, eyes, kidney, lung, and liver. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18722871/ 结节性硬化症 10045138 tuberous sclerosis AE This is an AE which refers epidermal thickening characterized by visible and palpable thickening of the skin with accentuated skin markings. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition#Secondary_lesions 苔藓样硬化 10024438 lichenification AE This is an AE which is a disease in which the white matter of the brain appears damaged in concentric layers, leaving the axis cylinder intact. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Balo_concentric_sclerosis 向心性硬化 10010252 concentric sclerosis AE This is an AE which is dermal thickening causing the cutaneous surface to feel thicker and firmer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition#Secondary_lesions 硬化 10060708 induration AE This ia an AE which is a eyelid skin condition characterized by excessively dry skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Xeroderma 眼睑皮肤干燥 10071717 eyelid skin dryness AE This is an AE which pressure is placed on the skin, the skin is damaged and is unable to be repaired due to the lack of blood perfusing the tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Arterial_insufficiency_ulcer 缺血性皮肤溃疡 10077408 ischemic skin ulcer AE This is an AE which is the condition of dissimilar particles or surfaces to cling to one another on the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adhesion 皮肤粘连 10074976 skin adhesion AE This is an AE which is a skin condition present at birth regardless of its cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect 先天性皮肤病 10067769 congenital skin disorder AE This is an AE which is a small elevation of the skin containing cloudy or purulent material (pus) usually consisting of necrotic inflammatory cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition#Pustule 脓包 10037578 pustule AE This is an AE which is an enlargement of skin tissue caused by an increase in the amount of organic tissue that results from cell proliferation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperplasia 皮肤增生 10074507 skin hyperplasia AE This is an AE which is the degeneration of skin tissue, due to disease or malnutrition, most likely due to heredity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dystrophy 皮肤营养不良 10040836 skin dystrophy AE This is an Ae which is the increase in the volume of skin tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophy 皮肤肥大 10040867 skin hypertrophy AE This is an AE which is the result of a continuous process based on degenerative skin cell changes, affecting tissues or organs, which will increasingly deteriorate over time. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Degenerative_disease 皮肤退化性疾病 10061531 skin degenerative disorder AE This is an AE which is underdevelopment or incomplete development of a skin tissue . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypoplasia 皮肤发育不良 10040869 skin hypoplasia AE This is an AE which is a mass of cells that lacks the ability to either invade neighboring tissue or metastasize and occurs on the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Benign_tumor 皮肤良性肿瘤 10004398 benign neoplasm of skin AE This is an AE which is a small cutaneous depressions that can be noted on any part of the body and may be caused by traumatic, mechanical, metabolic, and genetic factors as well as by exposure to infections or drugs. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31602696/ 先天性皮肤酒窝 10072978 congenital skin dimples AE This is an AE which may present as either a superficial or deep infection of the skin, hair, and/or nails. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_infection 真菌性皮肤感染 10017543 fungal skin infection AE This is an AE which is the most frequent and potentially fatal complication of an allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation on the skin. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30309668/ 皮肤移植抗宿主病 10064675 graft versus host disease in skin AE This is an AE which is a heterogeneous group of diseases, characterized by a skin inflammatory reaction triggered by a wide variety of stimuli, including infections, foreign bodies, malignancy, metabolites, and chemicals. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29352388/ 皮肤肉芽肿 10018698 granuloma skin AE This is an AE which is a usually benign vascular skin tumor derived from blood vessel cell types. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemangioma 皮肤血管瘤 10018823 haemangioma of skin AE This is an AE which is a sore on the skin or a mucous membrane, accompanied by the disintegration of tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ulcer_(dermatology) 感染性皮肤溃疡 10021784 infected skin ulcer AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of skin tissue . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 肿瘤皮肤 10029098 neoplasm skin AE This is an AE which is skin neoplasms that arise from cells of the endocrine and nervous systems . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumor 皮肤神经内分泌肿瘤 10029266 neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin AE This is an AE which refers to skin lesions with a degree of risk of progression to squamous cell carcinoma. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27658688/ 癌前皮肤病变 10049422 precancerous skin lesion AE This is an AE which is most commonly caused by infection by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, resulting in a painful swollen area on the skin caused by an accumulation of pus and dead tissue，meantime it often recurs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Boil 复发性皮肤疖子 10038143 recurring skin boils AE This is an AE which is a skin condition in which skin is prone to itching and irritation experienced as a subjective sensation when using cosmetics and toiletries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sensitive_skin 敏感型皮肤 10081765 sensitive skin AE This is an AE which bacterial skin infections include Cellulitis, Erysipelas,Folliculitis and Impetigo. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_infection 皮肤细菌感染 10052891 skin bacterial infection AE This is an AE which is kind of cancers that arise from the skin and they are due to the development of abnormal cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_cancer 皮肤癌 10040808 skin cancer AE This is an AE which is located on most of mucosal surfaces and mainly the skin and candida are almost universal in low numbers on healthy adult skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Candida_(fungus) 皮肤念珠菌 10054152 skin candida AE This is an AE which is defined as necrotic lesions that should have required additional resection after breast reconstruction. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30426185/ 皮瓣坏死 10068774 skin flap necrosis AE This is an AE which is a cutaneous condition characterized by trauma-induced blisters and erosions. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_fragility_syndrome 皮肤脆弱症 10040851 skin fragility AE This is an AE which refers to cause an indentation in the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Wedding_ring 皮肤压痕 10079274 skin indentation AE This is an AE which is part of the complex biological response of skin tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants,and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Inflammation 皮肤炎症 10062249 skin inflammation AE This is an AE which specifically refers to a sharp injury which damages the dermis of the skin in pathology. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Injury 皮肤损伤 10061364 skin injury AE This is an AE which is defined as the softening and breaking down of skin resulting from prolonged exposure to moisture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_maceration 皮肤浸渍 10048625 skin maceration AE This is an AE which is an area of edema of the lower layer of skin under the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Angioedema 皮肤水肿 10058679 skin edema AE This is an AE which has been described as a broad papule, or confluence of papules equal to or greater than 10 mm, or alternatively as an elevated, plateau-like lesion that is greater in its diameter than in its depth on the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition#Primary_lesions 皮肤斑 10067723 skin plaque AE This is an AE which specifically refers to a sharp injury which damages the epidermis of the skin in pathology . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Wound 皮肤伤口 10072170 skin wound AE This is an AE which is a rare genetic condition characterized by sagging, wrinkled skin, low skin elasticity, and delayed fontanel (soft spot) closure along with a range of other symptoms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Wrinkly_skin_syndrome 皮肤皱纹 10040954 skin wrinkling AE This is an AE which comprises a number of different types of cancer that result from squamous cells that form on the surface of the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma 皮肤鳞状细胞癌 10041834 squamous cell carcinoma of skin AE This is an AE which is a dermatological condition caused by Staphylococcus aureus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcal_scalded_skin_syndrome 葡萄球菌性烫伤样皮肤综合征 10041929 staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome AE This is an AE which is an skin infection caused by members of the Staphylococcus genus of bacteria . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcal_infection 葡萄球菌皮肤感染 10066409 staphylococcal skin infection AE This is an AE which is a popular name for an alleged ability of some people to attract objects to their skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Human_magnetism 粘性皮肤 10051788 sticky skin AE This is an AE which is a rash with central clearing in dermatology . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Target_lesion 皮肤靶样病变 10081998 target skin lesion AE This is an AE which refers to Virus-related cutaneous conditions caused by these obligate intracellular agents derive from both DNA and RNA viruses. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_infection 病毒性皮肤感染 10065173 viral skin infection AE This is an AE which is a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and whites of the eyes due to high bilirubin levels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Jaundice 黄疸 10048245 yellow skin AE This is an AE which is the loss of intercellular connections, such as desmosomes, resulting in loss of cohesion between keratinocytes, seen in diseases such as pemphigus vulgaris. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acantholysis 皮肤棘层松解 10058820 acantholysis AE This is an AE which is a skin neoplasm composed of squamous or epidermal cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acanthoma 棘皮瘤 10059394 acanthoma AE This is an AE which is diffuse epidermal hyperplasia (thickening of the skin, and not to be confused with acanthocytes). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Epidermis#Hyperplasia 棘皮症 10000349 acanthosis AE This ia an AE which is a childhood form of dermatitis selectively affecting the hands and feet and may be accompanied by mild symptoms of fever and malaise. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acrodermatitis 螨性皮炎 10063409 acarodermatitis AE This is an AE which is a highly inflammatory disease presenting with comedones, nodules, abscesses, and draining sinus tracts. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acne_conglobata 聚合型痤疮 10000501 acne conglobata AE This ia an AE which refers an inflammatory nodule with or without an associated epidermoid inclusion cyst. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 囊性痤疮 10000503 acne cystic AE This is an AE which is a form of acneiform eruption that occurs in infants from 6 weeks to 1 year of age. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Infantile_acne 婴儿痤疮 10000507 acne infantile AE This is an AE which is a long-term skin condition with pustular that occurs when dead skin cells and oil from the skin clog hair follicles. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acne 脓疱性痤疮 10000513 acne pustular AE This is an AE which is a rare condition consisting of follicular vesicopustules, sometimes occurring as solitary lesions that are usually very itchy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acne_miliaris_necrotica 痘疱样痤疮 10000518 acne varioliformis AE This is an AE which is a chronic subepidermal blistering disease associated with autoimmunity to type VII collagen within anchoring fibril structures that are located at the dermoepidermal junction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Epidermolysis_bullosa_acquisita 后天性大疱性表皮松解 10056508 acquired epidermolysis bullosa AE This is an AE which is a childhood form of dermatitis selectively affecting the hands and feet and may be accompanied by mild symptoms of fever and malaise. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acrodermatitis 肢皮炎 10000593 acrodermatitis AE This is an AE which is a dermatological condition that takes a chronically progressive course and finally leads to a widespread atrophy of the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acrodermatitis_chronica_atrophicans 慢性萎缩性肢皮炎 10000594 acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans AE This is an AE which is a skin disease characterized by the sudden onset of fever, an elevated white blood cell count, and tender, red, well-demarcated papules and plaques that show dense infiltrates by neutrophil granulocytes on histologic examination. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Febrile_neutrophilic_dermatosis 急性发热性中性粒细胞性皮肤病 10000748 acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis AE This is an AE which is a change of the application site skin which affects its color, appearance, or texture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rash 用药部位皮疹 10003054 application site rash AE This is an AE which is a rare, cutaneous condition that causes dermal atrophy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30085611/ 帕西尼和皮耶尼氏萎缩皮病 10066406 atrophoderma of pasini and pierini AE This is an AE which is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atrophy 萎缩 10003694 atrophy AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the skin, typically characterized by itchiness, redness and a rash and it is autoimmune. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatitis 自身免疫性皮炎 10075689 autoimmune dermatitis AE This is an AE which induced by heparin is a rare and benign side effect . QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32005507/ 大疱性出血性皮肤病 10083809 bullous haemorrhagic dermatosis AE This is an AE which is an cryptococcal infection of the skin in humans and other animals, that can also affect the associated soft tissues such as loose connective tissue and mucous membranes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_infection 隐球菌皮肤感染 10054216 cryptococcal cutaneous infection AE This is an AE which is a collection of autoimmune diseases in which the human immune system becomes hyperactive and attacks healthy tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lupus_erythematosus 皮肤红斑狼疮 10056509 cutaneous lupus erythematosus AE This is an AE which is a disease involving abnormal collections of inflammatory cells that form lumps known as granulomata. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sarcoidosis 皮肤结节病 10011674 cutaneous sarcoidosis AE This is an AE which is the layer of usually soft, flexible outer tissue covering the body of a vertebrate animal, with three main functions: protection, regulation, and sensation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin 皮肤的症状 10075531 cutaneous symptom AE This is an AE which is a group of rare connective tissue disorders in which the skin becomes inelastic and hangs loosely in folds. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cutis_laxa 皮肤松弛 10011692 cutis laxa AE This is an AE which is a skin condition of the posterior neck, characterized by deep furrowing of the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cutis_rhomboidalis_nuchae 菱形皮肤 10059441 cutis rhomboidalis nuchae AE This is an AE which is a generalized bluish discoloration of the body and the visible mucous membranes, which occurs due to inadequate oxygenation secondary to conditions that lead to an increase in deoxygenated hemoglobin or presence of abnormal hemoglobin. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32644593/ 中枢性紫绀 10011704 cyanosis central AE This is an AE which is the change of neonatal body tissue color to a bluish-purple hue as a result of having decreased amounts of oxygen bound to the hemoglobin in the red blood cells of the capillary bed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyanosis 新生儿紫绀 10011705 cyanosis neonatal AE This is an AE which is a closed dermal sac, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 真皮囊肿 10012426 dermal cyst AE This is an AE which is a sac or cavity in any organ or tissue, or an abnormal cavity or passage caused by the destruction of tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sinus_(anatomy) 皮肤窦 10012428 dermal sinus AE This is an AE which is a rare disease that seldom affects the genitals. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29463978/ 皮肤病 10065701 dermatillomania AE This is an AE which is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is characterised by intense itching and recurrent eczematous lesions. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26377142/ 过敏性皮炎 10012434 dermatitis allergic AE This is an AE which is a long-term type of inflammation of the skin (dermatitis). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Atopic_dermatitis 特应性皮炎 10012438 dermatitis atopic AE This is an AE which is a type of inflammation of the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Contact_dermatitis 接触性皮炎 10012442 dermatitis contact AE This is an AE which is one of the most common skin conditions that infants suffer from and their caregivers manage in the first months post-birth. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29596731/ 皮炎尿布 10012444 dermatitis diaper AE This is an AE which is an uncommon but serious skin disorder that family physicians must be able to recognize and treat appropriately. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10029788/ 皮炎剥脱性全身性 10012456 dermatitis exfoliative generalised AE This is an AE which is a chronic autoimmune blistering skin condition, characterised by intensely itchy blisters filled with a watery fluid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatitis_herpetiformis 疱疹样皮炎 10012468 dermatitis herpetiformis AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the skin, typically characterized by itchiness, redness and a rash and is infected. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatitis 皮炎感染 10012470 dermatitis infected AE This is an AE which is inflammation with psoriasiform of the skin, typically characterized by itchiness, redness and a rash. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatitis 银屑病形皮炎 10058675 dermatitis psoriasiform AE This is an AE which is a medical condition, defined as an excess of skin in the upper or lower eyelid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatochalasis 皮肤松垂 10012493 dermatochalasis AE This is an AE which is a rare locally aggressive malignant cutaneous soft-tissue sarcoma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatofibrosarcoma_protuberans 皮肤纤维肉瘤 10057043 dermatofibrosarcoma AE This is an AE which is a rare locally aggressive malignant cutaneous soft-tissue sarcoma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatofibrosarcoma_protuberans 隆凸性皮肤纤维肉瘤 10057043 dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans AE This is an AE which refers to the making of naturally occurring ridges on certain body parts, namely palms, fingers, soles, and toes and it is anomal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatoglyphics 皮肤多态异常 10061455 dermatoglyphic anomaly AE This is an AE which is lymph node pathology due to skin disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatopathic_lymphadenopathy 皮肤淋巴结病 10074339 dermatopathic lymphadenopathy AE This is an AE which has diffuse involvement in which the entire integument may be thickened and infiltrated with mast cells to produce a peculiar orange color, giving rise to the term "homme orange." QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mastocytosis#Classification 弥漫性皮肤肥大细胞增多症 10012812 diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis AE This is an AE which is any medical condition that affects the integumentary system—the organ system that encloses the body and includes skin, hair, nails, and related muscle and glands. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition 皮肤病 10048768 dermatosis AE This is an AE which is a teratoma of a cystic nature that contains an array of developmentally mature, solid tissues. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermoid_cyst 皮样囊肿 10012522 dermoid cyst AE This is an AE which refers a neurophysiologic factor in functional disorders. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4231964/ 皮层运动区活动障碍 10065699 dysponesis AE This is an AE which is the enlargement and hardening of limbs or body parts due to tissue swelling. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Elephantiasis 象皮病 10014472 elephantiasis AE This is an AE which is a iatrogenic cutaneous reaction that occurs immediately after a drug injection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Livedoid_dermatitis 药物性皮肤栓塞 10058729 embolia cutis medicamentosa AE This is an AE which refers a punctate or linear abrasion produced by mechanical means (often scratching), usually involving only the epidermis, but commonly reaching the papillary dermis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition#Secondary_lesions 表皮脱落 10049796 excoriation AE This is an AE which is a change of the human skin which affects its color, appearance, or texture and is exfoliative. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rash 表皮剥脱的皮疹 10064579 exfoliative rash AE This is an AE which is immune-mediated inflammation of the skin, typically characterized by itchiness, redness and a rash. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatitis 免疫介导性皮炎 10083156 immune-mediated dermatitis AE This is an AE which refers a punctate or linear abrasion produced by mechanical means (often scratching), usually involving only the mucosal epidermis, but commonly reaching the papillary dermis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Skin_condition#Secondary_lesions 粘膜表皮脱落 10059490 mucosal excoriation AE This is an AE which is a change of the incision site skin which affects its color, appearance, or texture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rash 切口部位皮疹 10073411 incision site rash AE This is an AE which is an immune disorder of T cells, it is characterized by chronic infections with Candida that are limited to mucosal surfaces, skin, and nails. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chronic_mucocutaneous_candidiasis 黏膜与皮肤的念珠菌病 10028080 mucocutaneous candidiasis AE This is an AE which is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged mucocutaneous blood vessels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bleeding 黏膜与皮肤的出血 10076048 mucocutaneous hemorrhage AE This is an AE which is a change of the mucocutaneous skin which affects its color, appearance, or texture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rash 黏膜与皮肤的皮疹 10056671 mucocutaneous rash AE This is an AE which is an inflammatory skin condition related to Sweet syndrome that responds to corticosteroids. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28941785/ 中性皮肤病 10058105 neutrophilic dermatosis AE This is an AE which is a change of the nodular skin which affects its color, appearance, or texture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rash 结节性皮疹 10075807 nodular rash AE This is an AE which refers a small spherical group of cells containing a cavity on the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Follicle 皮疹滤泡 10037857 rash follicular AE This is an AE which is a change of the neonatal skin which affects its color, appearance, or texture. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rash 新生儿皮疹 10037871 rash neonatal AE This is an AE which is a condition which presents with both papules and scales, or both scaly papules and plaques. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Papulosquamous_disorder 皮疹丘疹鳞状 10037879 rash papulosquamous AE This is an AE which is a disease resulting from a group A streptococcus (group A strep) infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Scarlet_fever 猩红热皮疹 10037890 rash scarlatiniform AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the vaccination site skin, typically characterized by itchiness, redness and a rash. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatitis 接种部位皮炎 10069477 vaccination site dermatitis AE This is an AE which is an acute, often fatal, thrombotic disorder which manifests as blood spots, bruising and discolouration of the skin resulting from coagulation in small blood vessels within the skin and rapidly leads to skin necrosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Purpura_fulminans 暴发性紫癜 10037556 purpura fulminans AE This is an AE which is a neonatal condition of red or purple discolored spots on the skin that do not blanch on applying pressure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Purpura 新生儿紫癜 10037557 purpura neonatal AE This is an AE which is a characterized of henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30428889/ 非血小板减少性紫癜 10057739 purpura non-thrombocytopenic AE This is an AE which commonly refers to flaking (or scaling) of the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pityriasis 蛇皮癣 10035110 pityriasis AE This is an AE which is a disease of the immune system and is the more severe version of pityriasis lichenoides chronica. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pityriasis_lichenoides_et_varioliformis_acuta 地衣糠秕孢子虫病 10048895 pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta AE This is an AE which is a type of skin rash. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pityriasis_rosea 玫瑰糠疹 10035114 pityriasis rosea AE This is an AE which refers to a group of chronic disorders characterized by reddish orange, scaling plaques and keratotic follicular papules. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pityriasis_rubra_pilaris 毛发红糠疹 10035116 pityriasis rubra pilaris AE This is an AE which is a type of melanocytic tumor that contains nevus cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Melanocytic_nevus 黑素细胞痣 10027145 melanocytic naevus AE This is an AE which is a genus of two species of white rot poroid fungi in the family Polyporaceae. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Melanoderma 黑皮病 10027146 melanoderma AE This is an AE which correspond to epidermal hypermelanocytosis (an increased number of melanocytes) or epidermal hypermelanosis (an increase in the quantity of melanin in the epidermis with no modification of the number of melanocytes). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23260521/ 白斑病 10027147 melanodermia AE This is an AE which is a form of hyperpigmentation associated with increased melanin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Melanosis 黑变病 10027157 melanosis AE This is an AE which is a skin condition caused by long-term exposure to heat (infrared radiation). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema_ab_igne 火激红斑 10015152 erythema ab igne AE This is an AE which is a descriptive term for a class of skin lesion presenting redness (erythema) in a ring form (anulare) that spreads from a center (centrifugum). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema_annulare_centrifugum 环形红斑 10015153 erythema annulare AE This is an AE which is a form of vasculitis and has been described as a paraneoplastic syndrome. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema_elevatum_diutinum 持久性隆起性红斑 10056968 erythema elevatum diutinum AE This is an AE which is a panniculitis on the calves and it occurs mainly in women, but it is very rare now. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema_induratum 硬结性红斑 10015213 erythema induratum AE This is an AE which is one of several possible manifestations of infection by parvovirus B19. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fifth_disease 传染性红斑 10015214 erythema infectiosum AE This is an AE which is a type of erythema (redness of the skin or mucous membranes) involving pink rings on the torso and inner surfaces of the limbs which come and go for as long as several months. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema_marginatum 边缘性红斑 10015216 erythema marginatum AE This is an AE which is an expanding rash often seen in the early stage of Lyme disease, and can also (but less commonly) be caused by southern tick-associated rash illness (STARI). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema_migrans 游走性红斑 10062488 erythema migrans AE This is an AE which is a common, non-threatening rash in newborns. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema_toxicum_neonatorum 新生儿中毒性红斑 10056274 erythema toxicum neonatorum AE This is an AE which is a superficial skin infection that causes brown, scaly skin patches. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythrasma 红癣 10015248 erythrasma AE This is an AE which is an infectious disease caused by certain types of human herpes viruses. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Roseola 婴儿玫瑰疹 10015586 exanthema subitum AE This is an AE which is a tan or dark skin discoloration. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Melasma 黄褐斑 10008570 chloasma AE This is an AE which describes anatomy with the appearance and hair follicles get buried in the oedema and resemble an orange peel. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peau_d%27orange 桔皮性皮肤 10049752 peau d'orange AE This is an AE which is a disorder where hives (urticaria) or large red welts form on the skin after exposure to a cold stimulus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cold_urticaria 寒冷性荨麻疹 10009869 cold urticaria AE This is an AE which is the physical urticarias where wheals are elicited via specific physical (mechanical, temperature, radiation) stimuli. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22760346/ 机械荨麻疹 10068773 mechanical urticaria AE This is an AE which is a rare condition in which exposure to ultraviolet or UV radiation, or sometimes even visible light, induces a case of urticaria or hives that can appear in both covered and uncovered areas of the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Solar_urticaria 日光性荨麻疹 10041307 solar urticaria AE This is an AE which is the most common form of cutaneous mastocytosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Urticaria_pigmentosa 色素性荨麻疹 10046752 urticaria pigmentosa AE This is an AE which is a rare form of physical urticaria in which hives develop on the skin after contact with water, regardless of its temperature. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aquagenic_urticaria 水源性荨麻疹 10046739 urticaria aquagenic AE This is an AE which is a kind of skin rash with red, raised, itchy bumps. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hives 特发性荨麻疹 10021247 idiopathic urticaria AE This is an AE which is a kind of skin rash with red, raised, itchy bumps. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hives 荨麻疹热 10061399 urticaria thermal AE This is an AE which is a physical urticaria caused by pressure applied to the skin, and is characterized by the development of swelling and pain that usually occurs 3 to 12 hours after local pressure has been applied. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pressure_urticaria 压力性荨麻疹 10052572 urticaria pressure AE This is an AE which is a non-life-threatening and potentially distressing skin condition that is triggered by sunlight and artificial UV exposure in a genetically susceptible person, particularly in temperate climates during the spring and early summer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Polymorphous_light_eruption 多形日光疹 10036087 polymorphic light eruption AE This is an AE which is a group of infectious diseases that include epidemic typhus, scrub typhus, and murine typhus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Typhus 斑疹伤寒 10061393 typhus AE This is an AE which is a widespread rash occurring on the outside of the body and usually occurring in children. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exanthem 病毒性皮疹 10047476 viral rash AE This is an AE which is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a localized area. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Shingles 带状疱疹 10019974 herpes zoster AE This is an AE which is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a localized area and is multi-dermatomal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Shingles 多皮节性带状疱疹 10058428 herpes zoster multi-dermatomal AE This is an AE which is defined as more than twenty skin lesions appearing outside either the primarily affected dermatome or dermatomes directly adjacent to it. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Shingles#Disseminated_shingles 带状疱疹传播 10065038 herpes zoster disseminated AE This is an AE which is a medical sign consisting of a characteristic form of facial rash. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Malar_rash 蝶形皮疹 10067982 butterfly rash AE This is an AE which is an infection caused by the rubella virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rubella 风疹 10039252 rubella AE This is an AE which is an infectious disease caused by certain types of human herpes viruses. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Roseola 红疹 10039222 roseola AE This is an AE which can refer to both beneficial medical procedures (e.g. vaccination) as well as non-beneficial or harmful natural processes (e.g. infection or disease). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Autoinoculation 后接种疱疹 10066043 post vaccination autoinoculation AE This is an AE which is a change of the human skin which affects its color, appearance, or texture and is septic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rash 化脓性皮疹 10062657 septic rash AE This is an AE which is a skin disease marked by small and itchy rashes due to sweat trapped under the skin by clogged sweat gland ducts. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Miliaria 栗疹 10027627 miliaria AE This is an AE which is a bacterial disease spread by ticks. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_spotted_fever 落基山斑疹热 10039207 rocky mountain spotted fever AE This is an AE which is a rash (small spots) on the mucous membranes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Enanthem 黏膜疹 10014579 enanthema AE This is an AE which is a rare severe adverse reaction to smallpox vaccination. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eczema_vaccinatum 牛痘性湿疹 10066042 eczema vaccinatum AE This is an AE which is a life-threatening condition with herpes that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sepsis 疱疹脓毒症 10058876 herpes sepsis AE This is an AE which is a chronic autoimmune blistering skin condition, characterised by intensely itchy blisters filled with a watery fluid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatitis_herpetiformis 疱疹性皮炎 10062639 herpes dermatitis AE This is an AE which is a rare but severe disseminated infection that generally occurs at sites of skin damage produced by, for example, atopic dermatitis, burns, long-term usage of topical steroids or eczema. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eczema_herpeticum 疱疹性湿疹 10014197 eczema herpeticum AE This is an AE which is inflammation of the skin, typically characterized by itchiness, redness and a rash. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatitis 湿疹型哭泣 10055182 eczema weeping AE This is an AE which is a common type of pruritic dermatitis and can also be known as xerosis, which is dry skin. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31747214/ 湿疹性脂肪变性 10014190 eczema asteatotic AE This is an AE which is a form of typhus transmitted by fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis), usually on rats, in contrast to epidemic typhus which is usually transmitted by lice. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Murine_typhus 鼠斑疹伤寒 10028282 murine typhus AE This is an AE which is a clog of the eccrine sweat gland. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Milium_(dermatology) 粟丘疹 10027626 milia AE This is an AE which is an itchy eruption of the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Prurigo 痒疹 10037083 prurigo AE This is an AE which may mimic diseases that present with annular configuration and the differential diagnosis is broad. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32778043/ 圆形湿疹 10014201 eczema nummular AE This is an AE which is an infectious disease caused by the cowpox virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cowpox 牛痘 10011238 cow pox AE This is an AE which is a large, complex, enveloped virus belonging to the poxvirus family. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vaccinia 牛痘 10066048 vaccinia AE This is an AE which is a slow-growing (16- to 20-hour generation time) aerobic bacterium and the causative agent of tuberculosis in cattle (known as bovine TB). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mycobacterium_bovis 牛结核病 10006049 bovine tuberculosis AE This is an AE which is flat, hyperpigmented birthmarks. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_au_lait_spot 牛奶咖啡斑 10006926 cafe au lait spots AE This is an AE which is clusters of concentrated melaninized cells which are most easily visible on people with a fair complexion. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Freckle 雀斑 10014970 ephelis AE This is an AE which is a small pigmented spot on the skin with a clearly defined edge, surrounded by normal-appearing skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lentigo 雀斑 10024217 lentigo AE This is an AE which is a skin condition characterized by excessively dry skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Xeroderma 干皮病 10048218 xeroderma AE This is an AE which is a skin condition characterized by excessively dry skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Xeroderma 干燥症 10048222 xerosis AE This is an AE which is a discoloration of the human skin caused by a vascular anomaly (a capillary malformation in the skin). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Port-wine_stain 鲜红斑痣 10067193 naevus flammeus AE This is an AE which is a condition in which hair is lost from some or all areas of the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_areata 斑秃 10001761 alopecia areata AE This is an AE which is a condition characterized by a skin eruption on the trunk and proximal extremities. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tinea_versicolor 花斑癣 10056131 tinea versicolor AE This is an AE which is redness of the skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries and it is epiglottic. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 会厌性红斑 10067486 epiglottic erythema AE This is an AE which is a common type of conjunctival stromal degeneration in the eye. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pinguecula 结膜黄斑 10035060 pinguecula AE This is an AE which is a medical condition which may result in blurred or no vision in the center of the visual field. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Macular_degeneration 年龄相关性黄斑变性 10064930 age-related macular degeneration AE This is an AE which is a firmly attached white patch on a mucous membrane which is associated with increased risk of cancer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Leukoplakia 黏膜白斑病 10062037 leukoplakia AE This is an AE which is a form of radiation burn that affects living tissue, such as skin, that results from an overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, usually from the Sun. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sunburn 晒斑 10042496 sunburn AE This is an AE which is blemishes on the skin associated with aging and exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Liver_spot 太阳斑 10064127 solar lentigo AE This is an AE which is a form of scleroderma that involves isolated patches of hardened skin on the face, hands, and feet, or anywhere else on the body, with no internal organ involvement. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Morphea 硬斑病 10027982 morphoea AE This is an AE which is a microscopic exocrine gland in the skin that opens into a hair follicle to secrete an oily or waxy matter, called sebum, which lubricates the hair and skin of mammals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sebaceous_gland 皮脂溢 10039792 seborrhoea AE This is an AE which is the (uncontrolled) death of cells in the (cerebral) cortex of the brain in a band-like pattern,with a relative preservation of cells immediately adjacent to the meninges. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cortical_pseudolaminar_necrosis 皮质层状坏死 10051990 cortical laminar necrosis AE This is an AE which is a rare neurodegenerative disease involving the cerebral cortex and the basal ganglia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Corticobasal_degeneration 皮质基底节变性 10078208 corticobasal degeneration AE This is an AE which is one specific measure of bodily symmetry. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Facial_symmetry 面部不对称 10068737 facial asymmetry AE This is an AE which is feel discomfortable of a family of skin care treatments for the face, including steam, exfoliation (physical and chemical), extraction, creams, lotions, facial masks, peels, and massage. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Facial 面部不适 10083537 facial discomfort AE This is an AE which is a rare neuromuscular disease characterized by irregular, involuntary muscle contractions (spasms) on one side (hemi-) of the face (-facial). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemifacial_spasm 面部痉挛 10063006 facial spasm AE This is an AE which is sensitivity of a powder made by grinding raw grains, roots, beans, nuts, or seeds. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Flour 面粉敏感性 10016788 flour sensitivity AE This is an AE which is a bacterial infection that involves the superficial skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Impetigo 脓疱病 10021531 impetigo AE This is an AE which is used for a heterogeneous group of diseases that share pustular skin characteristics. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pustular_psoriasis 脓疱型银屑病 10037575 pustular psoriasis AE This is an AE which is a chronic inflammatory and immune-mediated disease that affects the skin, nails, hair, and mucous membranes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lichen_planus 苔藓样角化病 10064000 lichenoid keratosis AE This is an AE which is highly inflammatory skin condition resulting in large fluid-filled blister-like areas - pustules and it is eosinophilic . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pustulosis 嗜酸性脓疱病 10049172 eosinophilic pustulosis AE This is an AE which is an itchy rash with an unknown cause that is most common among individuals with HIV, though it can occur in HIV-negative individuals where it is known by the eponym Ofuji disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Eosinophilic_folliculitis 嗜酸性脓疱的毛囊炎 10052834 eosinophilic pustular folliculitis AE This is an AE which is a cutaneous condition characterized by deposits of excessive amounts of collagen which gives rise to a raised scar, but not to the degree observed with keloids. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypertrophic_scar 肥厚性疤痕 10020879 hypertrophic scar AE This is an AE which refers to one of a group of skin disorders that are characterized primarily by their resemblance to psoriasis (red, scaly lesions), rather than by their underlying cause. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Parapsoriasis 类银屑病 10033898 parapsoriasis AE This is an AE which is a family of genetic skin disorders characterized by dry, thickened, scaly skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ichthyosis 鱼鳞癣 10021198 ichthyosis AE This is an AE which is a polymorphic, pruritic, papulovesicular dermatosis characterized histologically by acantholysis with or without dyskeratosis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Transient_acantholytic_dermatosis 一过性棘层松解性皮肤病 10051446 transient acantholytic dermatosis AE This is an AE which is a condition where purpura, which constitutes visible non-blanching hemorrhages, are raised and able to be touched or felt upon palpation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Palpable_purpura 可触及紫癜 10056872 palpable purpura AE This is an AE which implies that this nevus exists as a distinct and defined entity of potential detriment to its host. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26037217/ 异常增生痣 10062805 dysplastic naevus AE This is an AE which is a type of telangiectasis (swollen blood vessels) found slightly beneath the skin surface, often containing a central red spot and deep reddish extensions (see Blood color) which radiate outwards like a spider's web or a spider's legs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spider_angioma 蜘蛛痣 10041519 spider naevus AE This is an AE which is a deep folliculitis on eyelid, infection of the hair follicle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Boil 睑疖 10015980 eyelid boil AE This is an AE which is a common type of contagious, superficial fungal infection of the groin region, which occurs predominantly but not exclusively in men and in hot-humid climates. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tinea_cruris 股癣 10043868 tinea cruris AE This is an AE which is a bacterial skin infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus that results in the formation of large blisters called bullae, usually in areas with skin folds like the armpit, groin, between the fingers or toes, beneath the breast, and between the buttocks. It accounts for 30% of cases of impetigo, the other 70% being non-bullous impetigo. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bullous_impetigo 大疱性脓疱病 10006563 bullous impetigo AE This is an AE which is a type of dermatitis that is characterized by itchy blisters on the palms of the hands and bottoms of the feet. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dyshidrosis 汗疱 10013913 dyshidrotic eczema AE This is an AE which is a chronic recurrent pustular dermatosis (that is, a pustulosis or pustular psoriasis) localized on the palms and soles only, characterized histologically by intraepidermal pustules filled with neutrophils. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pustulosis_palmaris_et_plantaris 掌跖脓疱病 10050185 palmoplantar pustulosis AE This is an AE which attributed to Heinrich Köbner, is the appearance of skin lesions on lines of trauma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Koebner_phenomenon koebner现象 10048649 koebner phenomenon AE This is an AE which involves a neuropathic component is often of mild intensity. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30394066/ 疤痕痛 10049002 scar pain AE This is an AE which is the formation of a type of scar which, depending on its maturity, is composed mainly of either type III (early) or type I (late) collagen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Keloid 瘢痕疙瘩 10023330 keloid scar AE This is an AE which is a cutaneous condition characterized by rough, yellow-brown keratotic, flat-topped papules. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperkeratosis#Other 持久性豆状角化过度病 10071311 hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans AE This is an AE which is a deep folliculitis, infection of the hair follicle. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Boil 疔疮 10017553 furuncle AE This is an AE which is largely dermatological conditions, which present clinically as cutaneous photosensitivity. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2194599/ 非急性卟啉症 10036186 porphyria non-acute AE This is an AE which is a skin disease marked by small and itchy rashes due to sweat trapped under the skin by clogged sweat gland ducts. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Miliaria 痱子 10019343 heat rash AE This is an AE which is a specific disorder of keratinization that is characterized histologically by the presence of a cornoid lamella, a thin column of closely stacked, parakeratotic cells extending through the stratum corneum with a thin or absent granular layer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Porokeratosis 汗孔角化病 10036175 porokeratosis AE This is an AE which is a rare, inflammatory skin disease where painful pustules or nodules become ulcers that progressively grow. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pyoderma_gangrenosum 坏疽性脓皮病 10037635 pyoderma gangrenosum AE This is an AE which is a fungal infection of the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dermatophytosis 脚气 10012504 dermatophytosis AE This is an AE which is a clinical dermatological sign, named after Pyotr Nikolsky. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nikolsky%27s_sign 尼氏征 10029415 nikolsky's sign AE This is an AE which is a form of allergic contact dermatitis in which the allergen must be activated by light to sensitize the allergic response, and to cause a rash or other systemic effects on subsequent exposure. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Photodermatitis 日光性皮炎 10041303 solar dermatitis AE This is an AE which is a chronic discoloration of the skin found in people of all ages, usually only affecting the feet, legs or thighs or a combination. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Schamberg_disease 尚伯格病 10039593 schamberg's disease AE This is an AE which a medical sign, is a reduced degree of facial expression. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypomimia 假面 10026863 masked facies AE QY, JX, HY 皮肤不适 10040830 skin discomfort AE QY, JX, HY 皮肤过敏 10070835 skin sensitisation AE QY, JX, HY 出血性皮肤溃疡 10050377 skin ulcer hemorrhage AE QY, JX, HY 皮下炎 10065259 dermo-hypodermitis AE QY, JX, HY 皮疹泛化 10037858 rash generalised AE QY, JX, HY 皮疹黄斑囊泡 10050004 rash maculovesicular AE QY, JX, HY 皮疹银屑病 10037885 rash psoriaform AE QY, JX, HY 风疹样皮疹 10057984 rash rubelliform AE QY, JX, HY 水疱性荨麻疹 10046755 urticaria vesiculosa AE QY, JX, HY 带状疱疹皮肤传播 10074297 herpes zoster cutaneous disseminated AE QY, JX, HY 脓疱性湿疹 10051890 eczema impetiginous AE QY, JX, HY 皮炎 10051504 thelitis AE QY, JX, HY 面部消瘦 10056866 facial wasting AE QY, JX, HY 体癣 10005913 body tinea AE This is an AE which is a complication of pregnancy; the acronym stands for Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelet count. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/HELLP_syndrome HELLP综合征 10049058 hellp syndrome AE This is an AE which is a state of adaptation or dysregulation of thyrotropic feedback control wherein the levels of T3 and/or T4 are abnormal, but the thyroid gland does not appear to be dysfunctional. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Euthyroid_sick_syndrome 甲状腺机能正常的病态综合征 10015549 euthyroid sick syndrome AE This is an AE which is a vascular occlusion in humans in the region of the ulna. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypothenar_hammer_syndrome 下丘脑锤打综合征 10063518 hypothenar hammer syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare congenital brain malformation in which the part joining the two hemispheres of the cerebellum (the cerebellar vermis) does not fully form, and the fourth ventricle and space behind the cerebellum (the posterior fossa) are enlarged with cerebrospinal fluid. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dandy%E2%80%93Walker_malformation dandy-walker综合症 10048411 dandy-walker syndrome AE This is an AE which is a reaction of the skin to a viral infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gianotti%E2%80%93Crosti_syndrome gianotti-crosti综合症 10053842 gianotti-crosti syndrome AE This is an AE which is an autosomal recessive kidney tubule disorder characterized by low blood levels of potassium and magnesium, decreased excretion of calcium in the urine, and elevated blood pH. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gitelman_syndrome gitelman综合征 10062906 gitelman's syndrome AE This is an AE which is a postulated disorder of vision or image-processing in the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irlen_syndrome irlen综合症 10074972 irlen syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare congenital medical condition in which blood vessels and/or lymph vessels fail to form properly. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Klippel%E2%80%93Tr%C3%A9naunay_syndrome klippel-trenaunay综合症 10051452 klippel-trenaunay syndrome AE This is an AE which is defined as acute coronary syndrome (symptoms such as chest pain relating to reduced blood flow to the heart) caused by an allergic reaction or a strong immune reaction to a drug or other substance. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kounis_syndrome kounis综合症 10069167 kounis syndrome AE This is an AE which represents the asymmetric variant of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19145651/ lewis-sumner综合症 10065580 lewis-sumner syndrome AE This is an AE which is a condition in which compression of the common venous outflow tract of the left lower extremity may cause discomfort, swelling, pain or clots (deep venous thrombosis) in the iliofemoral veins. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/May%E2%80%93Thurner_syndrome may-thurner综合症 10069727 may-thurner syndrome AE This is an AE which is a type of dystonia and is actually a combination of two forms of dystonia, blepharospasm and oromandibular dystonia (OMD). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meige%27s_syndrome meige综合征 10027138 meige's syndrome AE This is an AE which is a medical condition, typically starting in young children, in which high fever occurs periodically at intervals of about 3-5 weeks, frequently accompanied by aphthous-like ulcers, pharyngitis and/or cervical adenitis (cervical lymphadenopathy). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Periodic_fever,_aphthous_stomatitis,_pharyngitis_and_adenitis pfapa综合症 10070594 pfapa syndrome AE This is an AE which is a severe endocrine disease caused by a corticotroph pituitary tumor and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26067718/ pituitary-dependent库兴氏综合征 10035109 pituitary-dependent cushing's syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare disorder of unknown cause that is characterized by abundant histiocytes in the lymph nodes or other locations throughout the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rosai%E2%80%93Dorfman_disease rosai-dorfman综合症 10063397 rosai-dorfman syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare disorder characterized by severe and unilateral headaches with orbital pain, along with weakness and paralysis (ophthalmoplegia) of certain eye muscles (extraocular palsies). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tolosa%E2%80%93Hunt_syndrome tolosa-hunt综合征 10051526 tolosa-hunt syndrome AE This is an AE which is a multisystem disease of presumed autoimmune cause that affects pigmented tissues, which have melanin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vogt%E2%80%93Koyanagi%E2%80%93Harada_disease vogt-小柳-原田综合征 10047680 vogt-koyanagi-harada syndrome AE This is an AE which is a chromosomal deletion syndrome resulting from a partial deletion on the short arm of chromosome 4 (del(4p16.3)). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Wolf%E2%80%93Hirschhorn_syndrome wolf-hirschhorn综合征 10050365 wolf-hirschhorn syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare genetic malformation syndrome characterized by the partial or complete absence of a key structure in the brain called the corpus callosum, the presence of retinal abnormalities, and seizures in the form of infantile spasms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aicardi_syndrome 阿卡迪综合征 10054935 aicardi's syndrome AE This is an AE which is a group of thirteen genetic connective-tissue disorders that are in the current classification, with a fourteenth type discovered in 2018. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ehlers%E2%80%93Danlos_syndromes 埃勒斯－当洛二氏综合征 10014316 ehlers-danlos syndrome AE This is an AE which is an autoimmune disease in which an individual's immune system attacks their own red blood cells and platelets, the syndrome can include immune neutropenia. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Evans_syndrome 埃文斯综合症 10053873 evans syndrome AE This is an AE which is a neuropsychological condition that causes a distortion of perception. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alice_in_Wonderland_syndrome 爱丽丝梦游仙境综合症 10001666 alice in wonderland syndrome AE This is an AE which is a type of psychophysical visual disturbance in which a person with partial or severe blindness experiences visual hallucinations. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Visual_release_hallucinations 邦纳症候群 10063354 charles bonnet syndrome AE This is an AE which is an abnormal sensory perception during sleep in which a person experiences unreal noises that are loud and of short duration when falling asleep or waking up. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Exploding_head_syndrome 爆炸头综合征 10080684 exploding head syndrome AE This is an AE which is a type of inflammatory disorder which affects multiple parts of the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Beh%C3%A7et%27s_disease 贝赫切特综合征 10004213 behcet's syndrome AE This is an AE which is possible to argue that motor competence can be understood as the person s ability to carry out different motor skills and is become disorder. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16355603/ 笨挫儿童综合征 10009697 clumsy child syndrome AE This is an AE which is a condition in which a patient is aware but cannot move or communicate verbally due to complete paralysis of nearly all voluntary muscles in the body except for vertical eye movements and blinking. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Locked-in_syndrome 闭锁综合症 10024792 locked-in syndrome AE This is an AE which is knee pain as a result of problems between the kneecap and the femur. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Patellofemoral_pain_syndrome 髌股疼痛综合征 10049143 patellofemoral pain syndrome AE This is an AE which is a complex, fatiguing, long-term medical condition diagnosed by required primary symptoms and criteria, and often involves a broad range of symptoms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chronic_fatigue_syndrome 病毒后疲劳综合征 10057244 post viral fatigue syndrome AE This is an AE which is a condition in which people in a building suffer from symptoms of illness or become infected with chronic disease from the building in which they work or reside. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sick_building_syndrome 病态建筑综合症 10040634 sick building syndrome AE This is an AE which is generally a long-term disorder that causes a strong urge to move one's legs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Restless_legs_syndrome 不安腿综合征 10058920 restless legs syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare X-linked dominant genetic disorder that affects the skin, hair, teeth, nails and central nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Incontinentia_pigmenti 布洛克，色素失调症 10077624 bloch-sulzberger syndrome AE This is an AE which is a neurological disorder causing a range of symptoms due to ischemia in the lateral part of the medulla oblongata in the brainstem. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lateral_medullary_syndrome 侧髓综合症 10024033 lateral medullary syndrome AE This is an AE which is a hereditary autoinflammatory syndrome caused by mutations in the mevalonate kinase gene. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25990874/ 超级igd综合症 10072010 hyper igd syndrome AE This is an AE which is a heterogeneous group of immune disorders. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hyperimmunoglobulin_E_syndrome 超级ige综合症 10051040 hyper ige syndrome AE This is an AE which is a genetic disorder characterized by mild-to-moderate intellectual disability. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fragile_X_syndrome 脆性x综合征 10017324 fragile x syndrome AE This is an AE which is a clustering of at least three of the following five medical conditions: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high serum triglycerides, and low serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_syndrome 代谢综合征 10052066 metabolic syndrome AE This is an AE which is a medical condition characterized by a snapping sensation felt when the hip is flexed and extended. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Snapping_hip_syndrome 弹响髋综合征 10080832 snapping hip syndrome AE This is an AE which is a syndrome caused by a microdeletion on the long arm of chromosome 22. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/DiGeorge_syndrome 迪格奥尔格综合征 10012979 digeorge's syndrome AE This is an AE which is a congenital rare type of strabismus most commonly characterized by the inability of the eye to move outward. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Duane_syndrome 杜安综合征 10013799 duane's syndrome AE This is an AE which is part of a group called Ras/MAPK pathway syndromes, is a rare autosomal dominant,multisystem disease caused by a mutation in the protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11 gene (PTPN11). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Noonan_syndrome_with_multiple_lentigines 多发性雀斑综合征 10062901 multiple lentigines syndrome AE This is an AE which is altered organ function in an acutely ill patient requiring medical intervention to achieve homeostasis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multiple_organ_dysfunction_syndrome 多器官功能障碍综合征 10077361 multiple organ dysfunction syndrome AE This is an AE which is an informal label that physicians apply to patients with symptoms similar to those of asthma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reactive_airway_disease 反应性气道功能障碍综合征 10070832 reactive airways dysfunction syndrome AE This is an AE which is a compression neuropathy and painful foot condition in which the tibial nerve is compressed as it travels through the tarsal tunnel. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tarsal_tunnel_syndrome 跗管综合征 10043121 tarsal tunnel syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare syndrome caused by a genetic disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/CHARGE_syndrome 联合畸形 10064043 charge syndrome AE This is an AE which is a long-term autoimmune disease that affects the body's moisture-producing (lacrimal and salivary) glands, and often seriously affects other organ systems, such as the lungs, kidneys, and nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sj%C3%B6gren_syndrome 干燥综合征 10040633 sicca syndrome AE This is an AE which is a complication of otitis media and mastoiditis involving the apex of the petrous temporal bone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gradenigo%27s_syndrome 格拉代尼果氏综合征 10063095 gradenigo's syndrome AE This is an AE which is a chronic and multi-symptomatic disorder affecting returning military veterans of the 1990–1991 Persian Gulf War. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War_syndrome 海湾战争综合症 10056557 gulf war syndrome AE This is an AE which is the sensation that an amputated or missing limb is still attached. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Phantom_limb 幻肢综合症 10082544 phantom limb syndrome AE This is an AE which is a combination of symptoms that arises when a group of nerves known as the sympathetic trunk is damaged. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Horner%27s_syndrome 霍纳氏综合征 10020392 horner's syndrome AE This is an AE which is a medical condition of decreased mobility due to disorders of the locomotor system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Locomotive_syndrome 机车综合症 10077495 locomotive syndrome AE This is an AE which is a mild liver disorder in which the liver does not properly process bilirubin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gilbert%27s_syndrome 吉尔伯特的综合症 10018267 gilbert's syndrome AE This is an AE which is a syndrome involving tendonitis (inflammation of tendons) of the rotator cuff muscles as they pass through the subacromial space, the passage beneath the acromion. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Shoulder_impingement_syndrome 肩撞击综合征 10063932 impingement syndrome AE This is an AE which is the group of symptoms that occur upon the abrupt discontinuation or decrease in the intake of medicational or recreational drugs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Drug_withdrawal 戒断综合症 10048010 withdrawal syndrome AE This is an AE which is an autoimmune disease associated with interstitial lung disease, dermatomyositis, and polymyositis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Antisynthetase_syndrome 抗合成酶综合征 10068801 antisynthetase syndrome AE This is an AE which is an autoimmune, hypercoagulable state caused by antiphospholipid antibodies. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Antiphospholipid_syndrome 抗磷脂综合征 10002817 antiphospholipid syndrome AE This is an AE which is a collection of signs and symptoms due to prolonged exposure to glucocorticoids such as cortisol. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cushing%27s_syndrome 库兴氏综合征 10011652 cushing's syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rapidly worsening brain disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reye_syndrome 雷氏综合症 10039012 reye's syndrome AE This is an AE which is a group of rare, heterogeneous autoinflammatory disease characterized by interleukin 1β-mediated systemic inflammation and clinical symptoms involving skin, joints, central nervous system, and eyes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cryopyrin-associated_periodic_syndrome 冷卟啉相关周期性综合征 10068850 cryopyrin associated periodic syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare progressive disorder of presumed autoimmune cause, characterized by painful muscle spasms, alopecia, diarrhea, endocrinopathy with amenorrhoea and secondary skeletal abnormalities. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Satoyoshi_syndrome 里吉综合征 10070579 satoyoshi syndrome AE This is an AE which is a clinical situation of an individual's first neurological episode, caused by inflammation or demyelination of nerve tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Clinically_isolated_syndrome 临床孤立综合征 10071068 clinically isolated syndrome AE This is an AE which mostly occurs in congenital ptosis patients, is characterized by jaw movement evoking ptotic eyelid retraction, followed by collapse. Inverted, bilateral and acquired MGS were also reported. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33254517/ 马库斯·甘恩综合症 10064583 marcus gunn syndrome AE This is an AE which is the triad of ascites, pleural effusion, and benign ovarian tumor (ovarian fibroma, fibrothecoma, Brenner tumour, and occasionally granulosa cell tumour). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Meigs%27s_syndrome 梅格斯氏综合征 10027139 meigs' syndrome AE This is an AE which is a form of chemical pneumonitis or aspiration pneumonitis caused by aspiration of stomach contents (principally gastric acid) during anaesthesia in childbirth. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mendelson%27s_syndrome 门德尔松综合征 10049783 mendelson's syndrome AE This is an AE which is one of the family of mitochondrial diseases, which also include MERRF syndrome, and Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/MELAS_syndrome 米拉斯综合症 10053872 melas syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare variant of Guillain-Barré's syndrome characterized by the acute development of ataxia, ophthalmoparesis, and areflexia. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23677659/ 米勒费雪症候群 10049567 miller fisher syndrome AE This is an AE which is an umbrella term covering pain and dysfunction of the muscles of mastication (the muscles that move the jaw) and the temporomandibular joints (the joints which connect the mandible to the skull). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Temporomandibular_joint_dysfunction 颞下颌关节综合征 10043220 temporomandibular joint syndrome AE This is an AE which is a genetic disorder that may present with mildly unusual facial features, short height, congenital heart disease, bleeding problems, and skeletal malformations. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Noonan_syndrome 努南综合症 10029748 noonan syndrome AE This is an AE which is a congenital defect observed in humans which is characterized by facial abnormalities. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Robin_sequence 皮埃尔·罗宾综合症 10035009 pierre robin syndrome AE This is an AE which is a common and important problem among health professionals that also has adverse effects on people's daily life, especially increasing the incidence of infection and trauma. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31800896/ 疲劳综合征 10065369 burnout syndrome AE This is an AE which is a genetic disorder caused by a loss of function of specific genes on chromosome 15. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Prader%E2%80%93Willi_syndrome 普拉德-威利综合征 10036476 prader-willi syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare condition that encompasses a combination of syndromes such as bronchiectasis, rhinosinusitis and reduced male fertility. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Young%27s_syndrome 青年综合症 10063689 young's syndrome AE This is an AE which occurs when food, especially sugar, moves too quickly from the stomach to the duodenum—the first part of the small intestine—in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Dumping_syndrome 倾倒综合征 10013810 dumping syndrome AE This is an AE which refers to as calcium-alkali syndrome, is the third most common cause of hypercalcemia and is characterized by elevated blood calcium levels, metabolic alkalosis, and acute kidney injury. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Milk-alkali_syndrome 乳碱综合征 10027635 milk-alkali syndrome AE This is an AE which is a form of inflammatory arthritis that develops in response to an infection in another part of the body (cross-reactivity). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reactive_arthritis 瑞特综合征 10038294 reiter's syndrome AE This is an AE which is an eponymous paediatric medical disorder, characterised by gastrointestinal symptoms and associated neurological features. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sandifer_syndrome 桑迪夫综合症 10066142 sandifer's syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare headache disorder that belongs to the group of headaches called trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia (TACs). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/SUNCT_syndrome 桑克综合征 10061981 sunct syndrome AE This is an AE which is the term used for both central pontine myelinolysis and extrapontine myelinolysis. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Central_pontine_myelinolysis 渗透性脱髓鞘综合征 10069350 osmotic demyelination syndrome AE This is an AE which refers to a group of neurological disorders that relate to malformations of the spinal cord. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tethered_spinal_cord_syndrome 绳索综合征 10066334 tethered cord syndrome AE This is an AE which is a type of severe skin reaction. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stevens%E2%80%93Johnson_syndrome 史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征 10042033 stevens-johnson syndrome AE This is an AE which is a disease characterized by a persistently elevated eosinophil count (≥ 1500 eosinophils/mm³) in the blood for at least six months without any recognizable cause, with involvement of either the heart, nervous system, or bone marrow. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypereosinophilic_syndrome 嗜酸细胞增多综合征 10048643 hypereosinophilic syndrome AE This is an AE which is a syndrome resulting from bilateral lesions of the medial temporal lobe (including amygdaloid nucleus). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kl%C3%BCver%E2%80%93Bucy_syndrome 双侧颞叶切除综合征 10066431 kluver-bucy syndrome AE This is an AE which is seen exclusively in women; men with a mutation of the related gene (called XLIS or DCX) usually die in utero or have a much more severe brain anomaly. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gray_matter_heterotopia 双皮质综合征 10073490 double cortex syndrome AE This is an AE which is a genetic condition in which a female is partially or completely missing an X chromosome. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Turner_syndrome 特纳综合征 10045181 turner's syndrome AE This is an AE which is a condition in which a change from lying to standing causes an abnormally large (or higher than normal) increase in heart beat rate. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Postural_orthostatic_tachycardia_syndrome 体位性直立性心动过速综合征 10063080 postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome AE This is an AE which is a genetic disorder that mainly affects the nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Angelman_syndrome 天使综合症 10049004 angelman's syndrome AE This is an AE which is a group of disorders with diverse etiologies involving different anatomical components of the neck, ultimately resulting in a debilitating, flexible, anterior curvature of the cervical spine. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32105239/ 头部综合征下降 10072442 dropped head syndrome AE This is an AE which is a category of conditions in which a person experiences their limbs acting seemingly on their own, without conscious control over the actions. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alien_hand_syndrome 异手综合征 10070883 alien limb syndrome AE This is an AE which is a genetic disorder that affects many parts of the body. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Williams_syndrome 威廉姆斯综合症 10049644 williams syndrome AE This is an AE which is the combined presence of Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) and Korsakoff syndrome. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Wernicke%E2%80%93Korsakoff_syndrome 韦尼克-科萨科夫综合征 10047913 wernicke-korsakoff syndrome AE This is an AE which is defined as adrenal gland failure due to bleeding into the adrenal glands, commonly caused by severe bacterial infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Waterhouse%E2%80%93Friderichsen_syndrome 沃特豪斯-弗里德里希森综合征 10047847 waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome AE This is an AE which is a fetus in a multigestation pregnancy that dies in utero and is then partially or completely reabsorbed. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vanishing_twin 消失双胞胎综合症 10071398 vanishing twin syndrome AE This is an AE which is a group of symptoms that may occur with the use of certain serotonergic medications or drugs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Serotonin_syndrome 血清素综合征 10040108 serotonin syndrome AE This is an AE which is a rare congenital growth disorder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Silver%E2%80%93Russell_syndrome 银罗素综合征 10062282 silver-russell syndrome AE This is an AE which is a condition caused by bacterial toxins. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Toxic_shock_syndrome 中毒性休克综合征 10044248 toxic shock syndrome AE This is an AE which is a neurological condition consisting of constant, moderate to severe pain due to damage to the central nervous system (CNS) which causes a sensitization of the pain system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Central_pain_syndrome 中央疼痛综合征 10064012 central pain syndrome AE This is an AE which is a medical condition which shares features of at least two more widely recognised disorders. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Overlap_syndrome 重叠综合征 10068786 overlap syndrome AE This is an AE which is the second most common peripheral nerve compression syndrome. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21547883/ 肘管综合征 10056473 cubital tunnel syndrome AE This is an AE which is a medical condition that causes severe burning and aching of the feet, hyperesthesia, and vasomotor changes of the feet that lead to excessive sweating. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Burning_feet_syndrome 灼烧脚综合征 10070237 burning feet syndrome AE This is an AE which is a genetic disorder that affects primarily the liver and the heart. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alagille_syndrome 阿拉吉欧征候群 10053870 alagille syndrome AE This is an AE which means living with two or more chronic illnesses. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multimorbidity 多发病性 10063914 multimorbidity AE This is an AE which is an unrecognized and controversial diagnosis characterized by chronic symptoms attributed to exposure to low levels of commonly used chemicals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Multiple_chemical_sensitivity 多重化学敏感性 10057865 multiple chemical sensitivity AE This is an AE which is a condition that results in weak or soft bones in children. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rickets 佝偻 10039119 rickets AE This is an AE which is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an apicomplexan. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Toxoplasmosis 弓形体病 10044272 toxoplasmosis AE This is an AE which is a viral disease of typically short duration. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Yellow_fever 黄热病 10048240 yellow fever AE This is an AE which is a viral disease that causes inflammation of the brain in humans and other mammals. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rabies 狂犬病 10037742 rabies AE This is an AE which is a genetic disorder that typically becomes apparent after 6–18 months of age in females. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rett_syndrome 雷特氏症 10039000 rett's disorder AE This is an AE which is a clinical syndrome characterized by tremor, bradykinesia (slowed movements), rigidity and postural instability. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Parkinsonism 帕金森症 10034010 parkinsonism AE This is an AE which is a condition where an organ does not perform its expected function. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Organ_dysfunction 器官衰竭 10053159 organ failure AE This is an AE which is a spectrum of disorders due to environmental exposure to heat. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Heat_illness 热病 10068188 heat illness AE This is an AE which is a parasomnia that refers to talking aloud while asleep. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sleep-talking 说梦话 10041009 sleep talking AE This is an AE which refers to systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis and adult-onset Still's disease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Still%27s_disease 尚病 10042061 still's disease AE This is an AE which is a form of Still's disease, a rare systemic autoinflammatory disease characterized by the classic triad of fevers, joint pain, and a distinctive salmon-colored bumpy rash. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adult-onset_Still%27s_disease 尚病成人发病型 10064056 still's disease adult onset AE This is an AE which is a condition in which organs fall down or slip out of place. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Prolapse 脱垂 10076708 prolapse AE This is an AE which is a disorder in which a person exhibits diminished sweating in response to appropriate stimuli. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hypohidrosis 无汗症 10002512 anhidrosis AE This is an AE which is a chronic dysregulation of a person's circadian rhythm (biological clock), compared to those of the general population and societal norms. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Delayed_sleep_phase_disorder 延迟睡眠阶段 10012209 delayed sleep phase AE This is an AE which refers to any winglike triangular membrane occurring in the neck, eyes, knees, elbows, ankles or digits. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pterygium 翼状胬肉 10037263 pterygium AE This is an AE which is the harmful effect that occurs when too much of that substance has been taken. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Poisoning 中毒 10061355 poisoning AE This is an AE which is a severe form of heat illness. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Heat_exhaustion 中暑衰竭 10019332 heat exhaustion AE This is an AE which is defined as an absence of speech while conserving or maintaining the ability to hear the speech of others. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Muteness 缄默症 10028403 mutism AE This is an AE which is a medical condition caused by dissolved gases emerging from solution as bubbles inside the body tissues during decompression. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Decompression_sickness 减压病 10011951 decompression sickness AE QY, JX, HY 废弃综合征 10066871 disuse syndrome AE QY, JX, HY buccoglossal综合症 10006532 buccoglossal syndrome AE QY, JX, HY 高力心综合征 10058177 hyperkinetic heart syndrome AE QY, JX, HY 后接种综合症 10036242 post vaccination syndrome AE QY, JX, HY 雷诺氏综合症 10070953 reynold's syndrome AE This is an AE which is a genus of yeasts and is the most common cause of fungal infections worldwide. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Candida_(fungus) 系统性念珠菌 10042938 systemic candida AE This is an AE which is an autoimmune rheumatic disease characterised by excessive production and accumulation of collagen, called fibrosis, in the skin and internal organs and by injuries to small arteries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Systemic_scleroderma 系统性硬化症 10042953 systemic sclerosis AE This is an AE which is an autoimmune rheumatic disease characterised by excessive production and accumulation of collagen, called fibrosis, in the skin and internal organs and by injuries to small arteries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Systemic_scleroderma 系统性硬皮病 10078638 systemic scleroderma AE This is an AE which is disease caused by fungi. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Fungal_infection 系统性真菌病 10052366 systemic mycosis AE This is an AE which is a neurological disorder whose key defining characteristic is a temporary but almost total disruption of short-term memory with a range of problems accessing older memories. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Transient_global_amnesia 全局性失忆 10058669 global amnesia AE This is an AE which is a medically induced coma with loss of protective reflexes, resulting from the administration of one or more general anaesthetic agents. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/General_anaesthesia 全身麻醉 10018060 general anaesthesia AE This is an AE which is defined as a seizure that has a tonic phase followed by clonic muscle contractions and is non-motor. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32119383/ 非运动性全身性发作 10083376 generalised onset non-motor seizure AE This is an AE which is redness of the skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow) in superficial capillaries and is generalised . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Erythema 全身性红斑 10051576 generalised erythema AE This is an AE which is a mental and behavioral disorder, specifically an anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, uncontrollable and often irrational worry about events or activities. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Generalized_anxiety_disorder 全身性焦虑障碍 10018075 generalised anxiety disorder AE This is an AE which is a large, complex, enveloped virus belonging to the poxvirus family and is generalised desease. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vaccinia 全身性牛痘 10069540 generalised vaccinia AE This is an AE which is associated with poorer sleep quality, with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score above 6. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32580764/ 全身性瘙痒 10052576 pruritus generalised AE This is an AE which is described as pruritic erythematous, raised, circumscribed lesions with central pallor that blanch with pressure and is generalised desease. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31690389/ 全身性荨麻疹 10052569 urticaria generalised AE This is an AE which is the loss of all skull and facial hair and its causes are unclear, but believed to be autoimmune. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_totalis 全秃 10001766 alopecia totalis AE QY, JX, HY 全身症状 10060891 general symptom AE This is an AE which can be spread over a large area it does not obstruct venous return. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5085940/ 重力性水肿 10018713 gravitational edema AE This is an AE which is a benign growth on the pituitary gland in the brain, specifically a mucin-filled cyst in the posterior portion of the anterior pituitary gland. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Rathke%27s_cleft_cyst Rathke裂囊肿 10058969 rathke's cleft cyst AE This is an AE which is a closed sac, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cyst 囊肿 10011732 cyst AE This is an AE which is a collection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), without blood, located under the dural membrane of the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Subdural_hygroma 硬膜下水瘤 10048626 subdural hygroma AE This is an AE which is a common, sometimes chronic skin condition which presents as reddish bumps on the skin arranged in a circle or ring. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Granuloma_annulare 环状肉芽肿 10018692 granuloma annulare AE This is an AE which is a condition in the fetus characterized by an accumulation of fluid, or edema, in at least two fetal compartments. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hydrops_fetalis 胎儿水肿 10020529 hydrops foetalis AE This is an AE which is a condition in which the central nervous system of a person has multiple demyelinating lesions with atypical characteristics for those of standard multiple sclerosis (MS). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tumefactive_multiple_sclerosis 肿瘤性多发性硬化症 10078556 tumefactive multiple sclerosis AE This is an AE which is a condition or lesion involving abnormal cells which are associated with an increased risk of developing into cancer. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Precancerous_condition 癌前病变 10083553 precancerous condition AE This is an AE which is a cutaneous condition characterized by dependent edema from vasodilatory pooling. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Heat_edema 热水肿 10019340 heat edema AE This is an AE which is a cutaneous condition that develop in patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic edema, particularly of the lower extremities, and in the setting of anasarca. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema_blister 水肿泡 10080039 edema blister AE This is an AE which is a cyst in the eyelid usually due to a blocked meibomian gland,typically in the middle of the eyelid, red, and not painful. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Chalazion 睑板腺囊肿 10008388 chalazion AE This is an AE which is a deposition of yellowish cholesterol-rich material that can appear anywhere in the body in various disease states. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Xanthoma 黄瘤 10048214 xanthoma AE This is an AE which is a fluid-filled bump associated with a joint or tendon sheath. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ganglion_cyst 滑膜囊肿 10042858 synovial cyst AE This is an AE which is a group of abnormal cells. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Carcinoma_in_situ 原位癌 10061450 carcinoma in situ AE This is an AE which is a localized bleeding outside of subcutaneous blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematoma 皮下血肿 10042345 subcutaneous hematoma AE This is an AE which is a malignant and aggressive neoplasm with unclear molecular etiology. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32166375/ 基底鳞状癌 10004178 basosquamous carcinoma AE This is an AE which is a malignant tumor in the mediastinum, the cavity that separates the lungs from the rest of the chest. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mediastinal_tumors 恶性纵隔肿瘤 10061241 malignant mediastinal neoplasm AE This is an AE which is a malignant tumor, a type of cancer that arises from transformed cells of mesenchymal (connective tissue) origin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Sarcoma 肉瘤 10039491 sarcoma AE This is an AE which is a mass of cells (tumor) that lacks the ability to either invade neighboring tissue or metastasize (spread throughout the body). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Benign_tumor 良性肿瘤 10060999 benign neoplasm AE This is an AE which is a pre-cancerous area of thick, scaly, or crusty skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Actinic_keratosis 光线性角化病 10000614 actinic keratosis AE This is an AE which is a primary cause of reduced vision following both cataract and successful vitreoretinal surgery. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28351047/ 囊状的黄斑水肿 10058202 cystoid macular edema AE This is an AE which is a rare clinical condition characterised by diffuse woody induration of skin commonly associated with diabetes mellitus,infections and monoclonal gammopathy. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32539033/ 硬化病 10055953 scleredema AE This is an AE which is a rare condition. Desmoid tumors arise from cells called fibroblasts, which are found throughout the body and provide structural support, protection to the vital organs, and play a critical role in wound healing. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Aggressive_fibromatosis 硬纤维瘤 10059352 desmoid tumor AE This is an AE which is a rare disorder defined as a pathological overgrowth of normal epidural fat. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10745936/ 硬膜外脂肪瘤病 10067599 epidural lipomatosis AE This is an AE which is a rare skin disorder that primarily affects children under one year of age but can also be found in older children and adults. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Juvenile_xanthogranuloma 黄色肉芽肿 10051251 xanthogranuloma AE This is an AE which is a rare tumor of the adrenal medulla composed of chromaffin cells, also known as pheochromocytes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pheochromocytoma 嗜铬细胞瘤 10034800 phaeochromocytoma AE This is an AE which is a serious long-term complication in cancer survivors. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28373478/ 第二原发恶性肿瘤 10039801 second primary malignancy AE This is an AE which is a sharply demarcated yellowish deposit of cholesterol underneath the skin. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Xanthelasma 黄瘤 10048211 xanthelasma AE This is an AE which is a skin condition that most commonly presents with symmetrical round-to-oval red or violet plaques on the flanks, armpits, inner thighs, and lower abdomen. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Interstitial_granulomatous_dermatitis_with_arthritis 间质性肉芽肿性皮炎 10067972 interstitial granulomatous dermatitis AE This is an AE which is a syndrome (a set of signs and symptoms) that is the consequence of cancer in the body, specifically due to the production of chemical signaling molecules (such as hormones or cytokines) by tumor cells or by an immune response against the tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Paraneoplastic_syndrome 副肿瘤综合征 10059420 paraneoplastic syndrome AE This is an AE which is a term used synonymously with severe hypothyroidism. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Myxedema 粘液性水肿 10028665 myxedema AE This is an AE which is a tumor in the mediastinum, the cavity that separates the lungs from the rest of the chest. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mediastinal_tumors 纵隔肿块 10027076 mediastinal mass AE This is an AE which is a tumor in the mediastinum, the cavity that separates the lungs from the rest of the chest. It contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus, and aorta. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mediastinal_tumors 纵隔肿瘤 10027086 mediastinum neoplasm AE This is an AE which is a tumor made up of several different types of tissue, such as hair, muscle, teeth, or bone. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Teratoma 畸胎瘤 10043276 teratoma AE This is an AE which is a tumor that arises from the ependyma, a tissue of the central nervous system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ependymoma 室管膜瘤 10014967 ependymoma AE This is an AE which is a tumor that can develop on any skin or mucosal surface, but occurs on the tongue 40% of the time. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Granular_cell_tumor 颗粒细胞瘤 10060980 granular cell tumor AE This is an AE which is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm 肿瘤 10028980 neoplasm AE This is an AE which is a type of cancer that can form masses in the skin, in lymph nodes, in the mouth, or in other organs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kaposi%27s_sarcoma 卡波济氏肉瘤 10023284 kaposi's sarcoma AE This is an AE which is a type of cancer that may be a bone sarcoma or a soft-tissue sarcoma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ewing%27s_sarcoma 尤文氏肉瘤 10015560 ewing's sarcoma AE This is an AE which is a type of connective tissue cancer in which the cells are spindle-shaped when examined under a microscope. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Spindle_cell_sarcoma 梭形细胞肉瘤 10049067 spindle cell sarcoma AE This is an AE which is a type of highly malignant cancer that most commonly arises within the lung, although it can occasionally arise in other body sites, such as the cervix, prostate, and gastrointestinal tract. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Small-cell_carcinoma 小细胞癌 10041056 small cell carcinoma AE This is an AE which is a type of skin cancer that develops from the pigment-producing cells known as melanocytes in situ. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Melanoma 原位恶性黑色素瘤 10025652 malignant melanoma in situ AE This is an AE which is a type of skin cancer that develops from the pigment-producing cells known as melanocytes. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Melanoma 恶性黑色素瘤 10025650 malignant melanoma AE This is an AE which is a type of skin infection which typically occurs as a cyst between the cheeks of the buttocks and often at the upper end. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pilonidal_disease 藏毛囊肿 10035043 pilonidal cyst AE This is an AE which is a usually benign (non-malignant) cyst in the pineal gland, a small endocrine gland in the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pineal_gland_cyst 松果体囊肿 10068650 pineal gland cyst AE This is an AE which is a vascular tumor that occurs on both mucosa and skin, and appears as an overgrowth of tissue due to irritation, physical trauma, or hormonal factors. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pyogenic_granuloma 化脓性肉芽肿 10037649 pyogenic granuloma AE This is an AE which is an abnormal growth of tissue projecting from a mucous membrane. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Polyp_(medicine) 息肉 10061529 polyp AE This is an AE which is an ambiguous mass found in the neck area. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Neck_mass 脖子上有肿块 10049146 neck mass AE This is an AE which is an extremely rare long-term systemic disorder that involves the formation of granulomas and inflammation of blood vessels (vasculitis). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Granulomatosis_with_polyangiitis 肉芽肿性多血管炎 10072579 granulomatosis with polyangiitis AE This is an AE which is an extremely rare long-term systemic disorder that involves the formation of granulomas and inflammation of blood vessels (vasculitis). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Granulomatosis_with_polyangiitis 韦格纳肉芽肿 10047888 wegener's granulomatosis AE This is an AE which is an uncommon but distinctive acquired ichthyosiform dermatosis characterized by persistent dark, scaly, papules and plaques that tend to be localized predominantly on the central trunk. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Confluent_and_reticulated_papillomatosis 融合和网状乳头状瘤病 10069414 confluent and reticulate papillomatosis AE This is an AE which is edema (accumulation of fluid causing swelling) in tissues perfused by the peripheral vascular system, usually in the lower limbs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_edema 外围肿胀 10048959 peripheral swelling AE This is an AE which is edema (accumulation of fluid causing swelling) in tissues perfused by the peripheral vascular system, usually in the lower limbs. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_edema 外周性水肿 10030124 edema peripheral AE This is an AE which is palpated and computed tomography examination revealed entire bone proliferation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30012929/ 下颌肿块 10079878 mandibular mass AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the face tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 脸部水肿 10016029 face edema AE This is an AE which is the medical term for an unusually large tongue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Macroglossia 舌头肿胀 10042727 swollen tongue AE This is an AE which is the most aggressive form of melanoma. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Nodular_melanoma 结节性黑素瘤 10029488 nodular melanoma AE This is an AE which is the most aggressive type of cancer that begins within the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glioblastoma 多形性成胶质细胞瘤 10018337 glioblastoma multiforme AE This is an AE which is the most aggressive type of cancer that begins within the brain. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Glioblastoma 胶质母细胞瘤 10018336 glioblastoma AE This is an AE which is the term used for a group of rare syndromes involving structures arising from the embryonic ectoderm. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Phakomatosis 脂肪瘤病 10048734 phakomatosis AE This is an AE which is tumors that affect the blood, bone marrow, lymph, and lymphatic system. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Tumors_of_the_hematopoietic_and_lymphoid_tissues 血液系统恶性肿瘤 10066476 haematological malignancy AE This is an AE which is when a person's cancer returns after treatment. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cancer_recurrence 癌症复发 10038111 recurrent cancer AE This is an AE which may amplify bronchial responsiveness by increasing epithelial permeability, by altering airway mechanics, or by stimulating neural pathways. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2679603/ 粘膜水肿 10030111 edema mucosal AE This is an AE which occurs when a Bartholin's gland within the labia becomes blocked. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bartholin%27s_cyst 巴多林氏囊肿 10004140 bartholin's cyst AE This is an AE which occurs when gas or air accumulates and seeps under the skin, where normally no gas should be present. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Subcutaneous_emphysema 皮下气肿 10042344 subcutaneous emphysema AE This is an AE which presents as skin-colored to erythematous papules symmetrically distributed on extensor extremities. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30921008/ 帕利萨脱型中性粒细胞性肉芽肿性皮炎 10068809 palisaded neutrophilic granulomatous dermatitis AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of a body part or area not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 肿胀 10042674 swelling AE This is an AE which refers a transient abnormal enlargement of face not caused by a tumor. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Swelling 脸肿胀 10042682 swelling face AE QY, JX, HY 良性软组织肿瘤 10061004 benign soft tissue neoplasm AE QY, JX, HY 颌下腺肿大 10042419 submaxillary gland enlargement AE QY, JX, HY 朗格汉斯细胞肉芽肿病 10023688 langerhans' cell granulomatosis AE QY, JX, HY 囊肿抽吸 10011734 cyst aspiration AE QY, JX, HY 肉芽肿性皮炎 10074954 granulomatous dermatitis AE QY, JX, HY 上肢肿块 10048698 upper extremity mass AE QY, JX, HY 外伤性血肿 10044522 traumatic hematoma AE QY, JX, HY 心内肿块 10066087 intracardiac mass AE QY, JX, HY 凹陷性水肿 10035076 pitting edema AE QY, JX, HY 会厌性水肿 10015029 epiglottic edema AE QY, JX, HY 假性视乳头水肿 10037141 pseudopapilledema AE QY, JX, HY 全身性水肿 10018092 generalised edema AE QY, JX, HY 粘膜癌前病变 10068367 precancerous mucosal lesion AE This is an AE which is a non-destructive disease that causes inflammation with ulcerative of the gums. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gingivitis 齿龈炎溃疡性 10010296 gingivitis ulcerative AE This is an AE which is extensive, yet the rare nature of this disease means that there is a lack of good quality research available. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28761942/ 坏死性溃疡性龈口炎 10055670 necrotising ulcerative gingivostomatitis AE This is an AE which is a discontinuity or break in a bodily membrane with haemorrhage that impedes normal function of the affected organ. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Ulcer 溃疡出血 10061577 ulcer hemorrhage AE This is an AE which ulceration of the anastomosis occurs in 1 16% of patients. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Gastric_bypass_surgery#Anastomotic_ulcer 吻合口溃疡 10002243 anastomotic ulcer AE This is an AE which is a single or multiple mucosal defect which can become complicated by upper gastrointestinal bleeding or physiologic stress. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stress_ulcer 应激性溃疡 10042220 stress ulcer AE This is an AE which is an ulcer that occurs on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Mouth_ulcer 粘膜溃疡 10028124 mucosal ulceration AE This is an AE which is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder affecting amino acid transport. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Lysinuric_protein_intolerance 赖氨酸尿性蛋白耐受不良 10058300 lysinuric protein intolerance AE This is an AE which is a component of MHC class I molecules, MHC class I molecules have α1, α2, and α3 proteins which are present on all nucleated cells (excludes red blood cells). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Beta-2_microglobulin β2微球蛋白尿 10073223 beta 2 microglobulin urine AE This is an AE which characterized by rapid and almost complete destruction of pancreatic β-cells, is a newly identified subtype of type 1 diabetes mellitus. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30203124/ 暴发性1型糖尿病 10072628 fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus AE This is an AE which is an inborn error of metabolism that results in decreased metabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Phenylketonuria 苯丙酮酸尿 10034872 phenylketonuria AE This is an AE which is abnormal, characterization of the chromatogram is facilitated by calculation of uroporphyrin-to-heptacarboxylate porphyrin (uro/hepta) and uroporphyrin-to-isocoproporphyrin (uro/iso) ratios. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11508829/ 卟啉尿 10059910 porphyrins urine AE This is an AE which is an inability to completely empty the bladder. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Urinary_retention 残尿 10060695 residual urine AE This is an AE which is a possible adverse effect of selective sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors 2 (isGLT2) in patients with diabetes. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31734176/ 常血糖性糖尿病酮症酸中毒 10080061 euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis AE This is an AE which is a monoamine neurotransmitter, an organic compound that has a catechol (benzene with two hydroxyl side groups next to each other) and a side-chain amine and it appears on urine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Catecholamine 儿茶酚胺尿 10062277 catecholamines urine AE This is an AE which is a highly polar chiral carboxylic acid on the urine that is usually not detected during routine organic acid analysis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11920944/ 甘油酸尿 10060757 glyceric acid urine AE This is an AE which is a reversible form of coma found in people with diabetes mellitus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_coma 高渗透压性糖尿病 10012631 diabetes with hyperosmolarity AE This is an AE which is a generic term applied to skin rashes in the diaper area that are caused by various skin disorders and/or irritants. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Irritant_diaper_dermatitis 念珠菌尿布疹 10007135 candida nappy rash AE This is an AE which is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many other animals and is crystal. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Urine 晶体尿 10053114 crystal urine AE This is an AE which is characterized by excessive unsuppressible release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) either from the posterior pituitary gland, or an abnormal non-pituitary source. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Syndrome_of_inappropriate_antidiuretic_hormone_secretion 抗利尿激素分泌不当 10053198 inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion AE This is an AE which is diabetes specifically caused by cystic fibrosis, a genetic condition. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Cystic_fibrosis%E2%80%93related_diabetes 囊性纤维化相关性糖尿病 10068271 cystic fibrosis related diabetes AE This is an AE which is a condition characterized by large amounts of dilute urine and increased thirst. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_insipidus 尿崩症 10012599 diabetes insipidus AE This is an AE which is the low output of urine specifically more than 80 ml/day but less than 100ml/day. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oliguria 尿过少 10030302 oliguria AE This is an AE which is when a solid piece of material (kidney stone) develops in the urinary tract. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney_stone_disease 尿路结石 10007027 calculus urinary AE This is an AE which refers the involuntary excretion of urine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Incontinence 尿失禁 10021639 incontinence AE This is an AE which is the release of urine from the urinary bladder through the urethra to the outside of the body and the process is urgency. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Urination 排尿急症 10027566 micturition urgency AE This is an AE which is infrequent (or, in occasional usage, very light) menstruation. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Oligomenorrhea 少尿症 10030295 oligomenorrhoea AE This is an AE which was found in a variety of kidney diseases besides AIN. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24052222/ 嗜酸性粒细胞尿 10058391 eosinophils urine AE This is an AE which is when a solid piece of material (kidney stone) develops in the urinary tract. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney_stone_disease 输尿管结石 10007025 calculus ureteric AE This is an AE which is urine which contains white blood cells while appearing sterile by standard culturing techniques. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Pyuria 无菌性脓尿 10042010 sterile pyuria AE This is an AE which analysis by HPLC gave a positive predictive value of 81% for Cushing's syndrome. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17022883/ 无皮质醇尿液 10011199 cortisol free urine AE This is an AE which is bacteriuria without accompanying symptoms of a urinary tract infection. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Bacteriuria 无症状菌尿 10056396 asymptomatic bacteriuria AE This is an AE which is a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of artificial vanilla flavorings and is an end-stage metabolite of the catecholamines (dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine) and it appears on the urine . QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Vanillylmandelic_acid 香草扁桃酸尿 10050833 vanillyl mandelic acid urine AE This is an AE which is a condition in which the oxygen transport protein hemoglobin is found in abnormally high concentrations in the urine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobinuria 血红素尿 10018906 hemoglobinuria AE This is an AE which is defined as the presence of blood or red blood cells in the urine. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hematuria 血尿症 10018867 haematuria AE This is an AE which is a form of urinary incontinence. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Stress_incontinence 压力性尿失禁 10066218 stress urinary incontinence AE This is an AE which is associated urinary tract infections (UTIs). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32430571/ 亚硝酸盐尿 10059220 nitrite urine AE This is an AE which consists 10% of the total renal biopsy of glomerulonephritis. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18723953/ 膜增生性肾小球肾炎 10066453 mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis AE This is an AE which occurs with unilateral renal agenesis (URA) in 1/2000 live births - or after uninephrectomy for tumor, trauma, uncontrolled infections or hypertension and post-kidney donation. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29374876/ 单功能肾 10063530 single functional kidney AE This is an AE which is a major complication of kidney transplantation. Many centers respond to PVAN by reducing immunosuppression. QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16734632/ 多瘤病毒相关性肾病 10065381 polyomavirus-associated nephropathy AE This is an AE which is kidney damage (nephropathy) due to urine flowing backward (reflux) from the bladder toward the kidneys; the latter is called vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Reflux_nephropathy 反流性肾病 10065427 reflux nephropathy AE This is an AE which is a secondary condition in which the adrenal glands do not produce adequate amounts of steroid hormones, primarily cortisol; but may also include impaired production of aldosterone (a mineralocorticoid), which regulates sodium conservation, potassium secretion, and water retention. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_insufficiency 继发性肾上腺皮质功能不全 10039807 secondary adrenocortical insufficiency AE This is an AE which is a disorder of the small blood vessels of the kidney. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Acute_proliferative_glomerulonephritis 链球菌后肾小球肾炎 10036303 post streptococcal glomerulonephritis AE This is an AE which is a group of clinically similar illnesses caused by the Puumala virus. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Hantavirus_hemorrhagic_fever_with_renal_syndrome 流行性肾病 10062522 epidemic nephropathy AE This is an AE which is the build-up of fluid in the kidney tissue. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Edema 肾脏水肿 10073381 edematous kidney AE This is an AE which is a medical condition in which the kidneys are functioning at less than 15% of normal levels. QY, JX, HY http://en.volupedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failure 终末期肾病 10077512 end stage renal disease AE This is an AE which is hallmarks of the uremic phenotype and contribute to impaired health status, reduced quality of life, and premature mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD). QY, JX, HY https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32260373/ 过早衰老 10063493 premature ageing AE 渴感过少 10053141 oligodipsia AE 小结石病 10062199 microlithiasis AE 音响过弱 10051233 hypophonesis AE roux循环转换 10039245 roux loop conversion AE 做鬼脸 10061991 grimacing AE 伴随疾病恶化 10010253 concomitant disease aggravated AE 跌倒发作 10013643 drop attacks AE 动物抓痕 10002519 animal scratch AE 冻结现象 10060904 freezing phenomenon AE 多发性损伤 10028224 multiple injuries AE 多器官疾病 10058092 multi-organ disorder AE 发低沉的咕噜声 10018762 grunting AE 囊液积聚 10072833 bursal fluid accumulation AE 滑囊疾病 10056337 bursa disorder AE 产生过量的耵聍 10076897 excessive cerumen production AE 汗水变色 10042652 sweat discoloration AE 败血症检查 10080310 septic screen AE 昏迷酸中毒的 10049037 coma acidotic AE 获得结节病 10049243 ankyloglossia acquired AE 颊粘膜粗化 10048479 buccal mucosal roughening AE 惊厥阈值降低 10010927 convulsive threshold lowered AE 皮下活检 10071136 subcutaneous biopsy AE 期外收缩 10015856 extrasystoles AE 热感觉减退 10068009 thermohypoesthesia AE 热麻醉 10068010 thermoanaesthesia AE 双杂合子镰状病 10013609 double heterozygous sickling disorders AE 畸形足 10043101 talipes AE 特伦德伦堡的症状 10050051 trendelenburg's symptom AE 晶状体色素沉着 10024216 lenticular pigmentation AE 外围瘫痪 10054808 peripheral paralysis AE 外周循环衰竭 10034567 peripheral circulatory failure AE 网状内皮系统刺激 10038802 reticuloendothelial system stimulated AE 假臀部 10050187 pseudocroup AE 无法爬行 10050740 inability to crawl AE 无症状covid-19 10084459 asymptomatic covid-19 AE 线虫病 10062701 nematodiasis AE 香水过敏 10034434 perfume sensitivity AE 橡胶过敏 10039251 rubber sensitivity AE 悬雍膜炎 10051962 uvulitis AE 髓鞘推迟形成 10076456 delayed myelination AE 炎症后色素沉着改变 10036229 post inflammatory pigmentation change AE 炎症性疼痛 10065390 inflammatory pain AE 面部压伤 10016023 face crushing AE planned process planned process Injecting mice with a vaccine in order to test its efficacy A processual entity that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification. 'Plan' includes a future direction sense. That can be problematic if plans are changed during their execution. There are however implicit contingencies for protocols that an agent has in his mind that can be considered part of the plan, even if the agent didn't have them in mind before. Therefore, a planned process can diverge from what the agent would have said the plan was before executing it, by adjusting to problems encountered during execution (e.g. choosing another reagent with equivalent properties, if the originally planned one has run out.) We are only considering successfully completed planned processes. A plan may be modified, and details added during execution. For a given planned process, the associated realized plan specification is the one encompassing all changes made during execution. This means that all processes in which an agent acts towards achieving some objectives is a planned process. Bjoern Peters branch derived 6/11/9: Edited at workshop. Used to include: is initiated by an agent This class merges the previously separated objective driven process and planned process, as they the separation proved hard to maintain. (1/22/09, branch call) planned process processed material Examples include gel matrices, filter paper, parafilm and buffer solutions, mass spectrometer, tissue samples Is a material entity that is created or changed during material processing. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg processed material patient role a hospitalized person; a person with controlled diabetes; the patient's role http://www.fertilityjourney.com/testingAndDiagnosis/theRightDoctor/thePatientsRole/index.asp?C=55245395146924652778 a role which inheres in a person and is realized by the process of being under the care of a physician or health care provider GROUP:Role Branch patient OBI, CDISC CDISC definition: patient. Person under a physician's care for a particular disease or condition. NOTE: A subject in a clinical trial is not necessarily a patient, but a patient in a clinical trial is a subject. See also subject, trial subject, healthy volunteer. Often used interchangeably patient role material processing A cell lysis, production of a cloning vector, creating a buffer. A planned process which results in physical changes in a specified input material PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Frank Gibson PERSON: Jennifer Fostel PERSON: Melanie Courtot PERSON: Philippe Rocca Serra material transformation OBI branch derived material processing adding a material entity into a target Injecting a drug into a mouse. Adding IL-2 to a cell culture. Adding NaCl into water. is a process with the objective to place a material entity bearing the 'material to be added role' into a material bearing the 'target of material addition role'. Class was renamed from 'administering substance', as this is commonly used only for additions into organisms. BP branch derived adding a material entity into a target material to be added role drug added to a buffer contained in a tube; substance injected into an animal; material to be added role is a protocol participant role realized by a material which is added into a material bearing the target of material addition role in a material addition process Role Branch OBI 9 March 09 from discussion with PA branch material to be added role target of material addition role peritoneum of an animal receiving an interperitoneal injection; solution in a tube receiving additional material; location of absorbed material following a dermal application. target of material addition role is a role realized by an entity into which a material is added in a material addition process From Branch discussion with BP, AR, MC -- there is a need for the recipient to interact with the administered material. for example, a tooth receiving a filling was not considered to be a target role. GROUP: Role Branch OBI target of material addition role material combination Mixing two fluids. Adding salt into water. Injecting a mouse with PBS. is a material processing with the objective to combine two or more material entities as input into a single material entity as output. created at workshop as parent class for 'adding material into target', which is asymmetric, while combination encompasses all addition processes. bp bp material combination organism animal fungus plant virus A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs. 10/21/09: This is a placeholder term, that should ideally be imported from the NCBI taxonomy, but the high level hierarchy there does not suit our needs (includes plasmids and 'other organisms') 13-02-2009: OBI doesn't take position as to when an organism starts or ends being an organism - e.g. sperm, foetus. This issue is outside the scope of OBI. GROUP: OBI Biomaterial Branch WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organism organism prediction Prediction of TF target sites based on atomistic models of protein-DNA complexes. BMC Bioinformatics. 2008 Oct 16;9(1):436. PMID: 18922190 a process by which an event or an entity is described before it actually happens or is being discovered and identified. Philippe Rocca-Serra OBI prediction administering substance in vivo Balb/c mice received an intracameral or subconjunctival injection of trinitrophenylated spleen cells injecting mice with 10 ug morphine intranasally, a patient taking two pills of 1 mg aspirin orally A process by which a substance is intentionally given to an organism resulting in exposure of the organism to that substance. 2009-11-10. Tracker: https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=2893050&group_id=177891&atid=886178 Different routes and means of administration should go as children underneath this Update the definition based on the discussion. Details see the tracker: https://sourceforge.net/p/obi/obi-terms/738/ needs roles such as perturber and perturbee (children of input role). Perturb is too strong. Host might be the name for one role. Others considered: Doner, Donated, Acceptor. Bjoern Peters Person:Bjoern Peters IEDB administering substance in vivo A representation that is either the output of a clinical history taking or a physical examination or an image finding, or some combination thereof. Albert Goldfain http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf creation date: 2010-07-19T10:18:02Z clinical finding A quality of a patient that is observed by the patient or a processual entity experienced by the patient, either of which is hypothesized by the patient to be a realization of a disease. note: defined class http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf creation date: 2010-11-18T11:02:10Z symptom A disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism. Albert Goldfain http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf creation date: 2009-06-23T11:21:20Z disease A material entity which is clinically abnormal and part of an extended organism. Disorders are the physical basis of disease. http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf Albert Goldfain disorder Albert Goldfain creation date: 2009-06-23T11:53:49Z bodily process A bodily process that is clinically abnormal. Albert Goldfain http://ontology.buffalo.edu/medo/Disease_and_Diagnosis.pdf creation date: 2009-06-23T11:54:29Z pathological bodily process A time quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of how long the bearer has existed. quality PATO:0000011 age A quality in which events occur in sequence. quality PATO:0000165 time An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's behavior aggregate of the responses or reactions or movements in a given situation. PATO:0001722 behavioural quality quality PATO:0000186 behavioral quality A quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having a sudden onset, sharp rise, and short course. quality PATO:0000389 acute A quality of a physical entity that exists through action of continuants at the physical level of organisation in relation to other entities. PATO:0002079 Wikipedia:Physical_property relational physical quality quality PATO:0001018 physical quality A quality which inheres in an process. PATO:0001239 PATO:0001240 quality of a process quality of occurrent quality of process relational quality of occurrent quality PATO:0001236 See comments of relational quality of a physical entity. process quality A quality which inheres in a continuant. PATO:0001237 PATO:0001238 snap:Quality monadic quality of a continuant multiply inhering quality of a physical entity quality of a continuant quality of a single physical entity quality of an object quality of continuant monadic quality of an object monadic quality of continuant quality PATO:0001241 Relational qualities are qualities that hold between multiple entities. Normal (monadic) qualities such as the shape of a eyeball exist purely as a quality of that eyeball. A relational quality such as sensitivity to light is a quality of that eyeball (and connecting nervous system) as it relates to incoming light waves/particles. physical object quality A process quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's magnitude of the temporal extent between the starting and ending point. PATO:0000081 period quality time PATO:0001309 duration A quality that inheres in an entire organism or part of an organism. quality PATO:0001995 organismal quality george 2009-06-05T09:16:46Z quality PATO:0002062 physical quality of a process The olfactory organ of vertebrates, consisting of nares, olfactory epithelia and the structures and skeletal framework of the nasal cavity. Organ that is the specialized structure of the face that contains olfactory neurons. The peripheral olfactory organ is paired[ZFA:0000047]. a protuberance in vertebrates that houses the nostrils, or nares, which admit and expel air for respiration in conjunction with the mouth. Behind the nose are the olfactory mucosa and the sinuses. Behind the nasal cavity, air next passes through the pharynx, shared with the digestive system, and then into the rest of the respiratory system. In humans, the nose is located centrally on the face; on most other mammals, it is on the upper tip of the snout[WP]. GO: The nose is the specialized structure of the face that serves as the organ of the sense of smell and as part of the respiratory system. Includes the nasi externus (external nose) and cavitas nasi (nasal cavity)[Wikipedia:Nose]. the organ that is specialized for smell and is part of the respiratory system the structure of the nose varies across vertebrates. In tetrapods the nose is part of the respiratory system.[PMID:25312359] BTO:0000840 CALOHA:TS-2037 EHDAA2:0001274 EHDAA:1502 EMAPA:16542 EV:0100037 EV:0100370 FMA:46472 GAID:77 MA:0000281 MAT:0000139 MESH:D009666 MIAA:0000139 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCbJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000047 UMLS:C0028429 ZFA:0000047 galen:Nose nasal sac nose peripheral olfactory organ uberon nasus olfactory apparatus proboscis UBERON:0000004 nose the clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas Anatomical structure which consists of glands developed from pancreatic ducts in the larvae and secrete insulin.[AAO] Mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians have a pancreas with similar histology and mode of development, while in some fish, the islet cells are segregated as Brockmann bodies.[well established][VHOG] A primitive exocrine pancreas can be found in holocephalan cartilaginous fish; a pancreatic duct directly ending in the gut lumen is connected to a glandular structure made of exocrine cells and associated with cell islets, which comprises three different hormone-producing cell types: insulin, somatostatin and glucagon (Yui and Fujita, 1986) AAO:0010406 BTO:0000991 CALOHA:TS-0741 EFO:0000856 EMAPA:32927 EV:0100130 FMA:16016 GAID:324 MA:0000127 MAT:0000076 MESH:D007515 MIAA:0000076 UMLS:C0022131 VHOG:0000646 XAO:0000159 pancreatic insula pancreatic islet uberon island of Langerhans island of pancreas islets of langerhans UBERON:0000006 islet of Langerhans A major division of the nervous system that contains nerves which connect the central nervous system (CNS) with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands. Nervous structures including ganglia outside of the central nervous system. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] Part of nervous system in which nerves extend throughout the body outside of the brain and spinal cord.[AAO] The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is the part of the nervous system connected to the CNS which contains cranial nerves III - XII, spinal, peripheral and autonomic nerves. (CUMBO) (...) specific vertebrate traits within the chordate phylum such as skeletal tissues, PNS, and spectacular head and brain development, are linked to the NC (neural crest) and its derivatives.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0000429 BAMS:PNS BILA:0000081 BTO:0001028 CALOHA:TS-0808 EFO:0000891 EHDAA2:0001445 EHDAA:2893 EMAPA:16665 EV:0100335 FBbt:00005098 FMA:9903 GAID:715 MA:0000218 MAT:0000338 MESH:D017933 MIAA:0000338 TAO:0000142 UMLS:C0206417 UMLS:C1305921 VHOG:0000399 XAO:0000178 ZFA:0000142 http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=247 pars peripherica systema nervosum periphericum uberon PNS lateral part of the basal amygdalar nucleus lateral part of the basolateral nucleus nucleus amygdalae basalis, pars lateralis nucleus amygdaloideus basalis, pars lateralis magnocellularis nucleus basalis lateralis amygdalae pars peripherica; systema nervosum periphericum UBERON:0000010 peripheral nervous system Any portion of the organ that covers that body and consists of a layer of epidermis and a layer of dermis. Note the distinction between the entire skin of the body, of which there is only 1 in an organism, and zones of skin, of which there can be many. Examples: skin of knee (...) it is well-established that neural crest cells contribute to both the dermal skeleton (craniofacial bone, teeth, and the caudal fin rays of teleosts) and the integument, including craniofacial dermis and all pigment cells outside the retina (...).[well established][VHOG] we assume that mouse, HOG and GAID all mean zone of skin when they say skin. We also choose skin as an exact synonym, as it is more intuitive EHDAA2:0001844 EHDAA:6530 EMAPA:17525 EV:0100152 FMA:86166 GAID:933 MA:0000151 MAT:0000284 MESH:D012867 MIAA:0000284 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjX3ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA VHOG:0000860 portion of skin region of skin skin skin region skin zone uberon UBERON:0000014 zone of skin A non-material anatomical entity of two dimensions. Anatomical boundaries are contiguous structures. AEO:0000192 CARO:0000010 FMA:50705 uberon UBERON:0000015 Except in the case of abstracted fiat boundaries such as the midline plane of an organism, all 2D anatomical entities have a 3 dimensional projection. For example, the surface of the shell of a muscle has a distinct shape that projects into the third dimension. Note that boundaries are 2D structures. They have no thickness - and so can not be sites of gene expression or gene product localisation. For this, use boundary region terms. anatomical boundary The part of the pancreas that is part of the endocrine system and is made up of islet cells, which produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin. create a separate class for distributed pancreas, eg cyclostomes? The part of the pancreas that acts as an endocrine gland, consisting of the islets of Langerhans, which secrete insulin and other hormones. [TFD][VHOG] The zebrafish endocrine pancreas is composed of small groups of islet cells that are distributed throughout the exocrine pancreas. The islet cells produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin.[TAO] In the hagfish and lampreys (our most primitive vertebrate species of today), the first sign of 'a new organ' is found as collections of endocrine cells around the area of the bile duct connection with the duodenum. These endocrine organs are composed of 99% beta cells and 1% somatostatin-producing delta cells. Compared to the more primitive protochordates (e.g. amphioxus), this represents a stage where all previously scattered insulin-producing cells of the intestinal tissue have now quantitatively migrated to found a new organ involved in sensing blood glucose rather than gut glucose. Only later in evolution, the beta cells are joined by exocrine tissue and alpha cells (exemplified by the rat-, rabbit- and elephant-fishes). Finally, from sharks and onwards in evolution, we have the islet PP-cell entering to complete the pancreas.[well established][VHOG] endocrine and exocrine pancreas are not co-associated in hagfishes or lampreys BTO:0000650 CALOHA:TS-1302 EFO:0002542 EMAPA:35305 EV:0100129 FMA:16018 MA:0001582 TAO:0001260 VHOG:0000049 ZFA:0001260 endocrine pancreas pars endocrina pancreatis uberon endocrine part of pancreas islets of Langerhans part of pancreas UBERON:0000016 endocrine pancreas The part of the pancreas that is part of the exocrine system and which produces and store zymogens of digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsinogen and trypsinogen in the acinar cells [GO]. The exocrine pancreas is composed of acinar epithelial cells and ductal epithelium that manufacture the proteolytic enzymes and bicarbonate required for digestion.[TAO] The part of the pancreas that acts as an exocrine gland, consisting of the pancreatic acini, which produce pancreatic juice and secrete it into the intestine to aid in protein digestion. [TFD][VHOG] In the hagfish and lampreys (our most primitive vertebrate species of today), the first sign of 'a new organ' is found as collections of endocrine cells around the area of the bile duct connection with the duodenum. These endocrine organs are composed of 99% beta cells and 1% somatostatin-producing delta cells. Compared to the more primitive protochordates (e.g. amphioxus), this represents a stage where all previously scattered insulin-producing cells of the intestinal tissue have now quantitatively migrated to found a new organ involved in sensing blood glucose rather than gut glucose. Only later in evolution, the beta cells are joined by exocrine tissue and alpha cells (exemplified by the rat-, rabbit- and elephant-fishes). Finally, from sharks and onwards in evolution, we have the islet PP-cell entering to complete the pancreas.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010407 BTO:0000434 CALOHA:TS-1241 EMAPA:35328 EV:0100093 FMA:16017 MA:0002415 TAO:0001249 UMLS:C0553695 VHOG:0000048 XAO:0000137 ZFA:0001249 exocrine pancreas pars exocrina pancreatis uberon exocrine component of pancreas exocrine part of pancreas UBERON:0000017 exocrine pancreas An organ of sight that includes the camera-type eyeball and supporting structures such as the lacrimal apparatus, the conjunctiva, the eyelid. A cavitated compound organ that transduces light waves into neural signals.[TAO] The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG] FMA distinguishes Eye (subdivision of face) which has its parts an Eyeball (organ), as well as other structures, and the orbit of skull. MA includes eyelid, conjunctiva and lacrimal apparatus as part of MA:eye - consistent with FMA - so we can infer that MA:eye is more like FMA:eye than FMA:eyeball. For other AOs this distinction is less meaningful - e.g. ZFA has no eyelid; XAO has no eyelid, but it has conjuctiva, which is considered part of the xao:eye. GO considers eyelid development part of eye development. See also notes on optic nerve - XAO, AAO and BTO consider this part of the eye. MA considers the eye muscles part of the eye, whereas FMA has a class 'orbital content' for this eye AAO:0010340 BTO:0004688 EHDAA2:0000484 EHDAA:936 EMAPA:16198 FMA:54448 MA:0000261 OpenCyc:Mx8Ngx4rwKSh9pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVil5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvViTvpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000107 UMLS:C0015392 UMLS:C1280202 VHOG:0000275 XAO:0000179 ZFA:0000107 regio orbitalis vertebrate eye uberon camera-type eye plus associated structures eyes orbital part of face orbital region UBERON:0000019 camera-type eye An organ that is capable of transducing sensory stimulus to the nervous system. AEO:0000094 BSA:0000121 BTO:0000202 CALOHA:TS-2043 EHDAA2:0001824 EHDAA:500 EMAPA:16192 EMAPA:35955 FBbt:00005155 GAID:63 HAO:0000930 MA:0000017 MESH:D012679 UMLS:C0935626 VHOG:0001407 WBbt:0006929 organ of sense organ system organ of sensory organ system organ of sensory system sense organ system organ sensory organ sensory organ system organ sensory system organ sensillum uberon Sinnesorgan sensor UBERON:0000020 sense organ Any hollow cylindrical anatomical structure containing a lumen through which substances are transported. not every anatomical conduit is a tube - for example, a bone foramen is an opening in the bone, and there is no distinct separate tube structure. Tubes may transport large mixed objects (for example, a bolus of food in the digestive tube) or they may transport the secretions of a single gland (for example, gland ducts) tubular galen:Tube anatomical tube duct uberon UBERON:0000025 tube Major subdivision of an organism that protrudes from the body[DOS, CARO]. An appendage is an external body part, or natural prolongation, that protrudes from an organism's body, such as a vertebrate's limbs[BILA][BILA:0000018]. Organ or organ part that is attached to the body of an organism. For example a limb[GO, modified][GO:0048736]. appendicular this is currently a subtype of organism subdivision - which would exclude feathers AEO:0000193 BILA:0000018 BTO:0001492 CARO:0010003 EFO:0000799 EHDAA2:0003193 EV:0100155 FBbt:00007000 HAO:0000144 MAT:0000023 MESH:D005121 MIAA:0000023 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViC-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0598782 VSAO:0000075 XAO:0000218 uberon appendages extremitaet extremity limbs/digits/tail UBERON:0000026 appendage The head is the anterior-most division of the body [GO]. Organism subdivision that is the part of the body consisting of the cranial and pharyngeal regions.[AAO] Organism subdivision which is the part of the body which consists of the cranial and pharygeal regions.[TAO] Vertebrate evolution has been characterized by a fresh and vast array of cranial structures that collectively form the head.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010335 AEO:0000106 BILA:0000115 BTO:0000282 CALOHA:TS-0436 EFO:0000964 EHDAA2:0003106 EMAPA:31858 FBbt:00000004 FMA:7154 GAID:61 HAO:0000397 MA:0000023 MAT:0000294 MESH:D006257 MIAA:0000294 OpenCyc:Mx4rEOLm4rgPEdmAAAACs6hRjg OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi6YJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA SPD:0000016 TAO:0001114 TGMA:0000002 UMLS:C0018670 VHOG:0001644 WBbt:0005739 XAO:0003024 ZFA:0001114 galen:Head head (volume) adult head uberon cephalic area UBERON:0000033 head multi-tissue structure that is comprised of a secretory epithelial layer (mesothelium) and a connective tissue layer. A multi-tissue structure that is comprised of a secretory epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer.[TAO] a smooth membrane consisting of a thin layer of cells which excrete serous fluid. Serous membranes line and enclose several body cavities, known as serous cavities, where they secrete a lubricating fluid which reduces friction from muscle movement. Serosa is not to be confused with adventitia, a connective tissue layer which binds together structures rather than reducing friction between them. Each serous membrane is composed of a secretory epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer underneath. The epithelial layer, known as mesothelium, consists of a single layer of avascular flat nucleated cells (cuboidal epithelium) which produce the lubricating serous fluid. This fluid has a consistency similar to thin mucus. These cells are bound tightly to the underlying connective tissue. The connective tissue layer provides the blood vessels and nerves for the overlying secretory cells, and also serves as the binding layer which allows the whole serous membrane to adhere to organs and other structures.[WP] in FMA, SM = mesothelium + connective tissue. It excludes the cavity. Serous sac = SM + cavity. Note that the SM is a subtype of wall in FMA. FMA:9581 GAID:19 MESH:D012704 TAO:0005425 UMLS:C0036760 ZFA:0005425 tunica serosa wall of serous sac uberon serosa UBERON:0000042 serous membrane Dense regular connective tissue that connects muscle to bone[VSAO]. Dense regular connective tissue that connects muscle to bone.[VSAO] Phylogenetically, tendinous tissue first appears in the invertebrate chordate Branchiostoma as myosepta. This two-dimensional array of collagen fibers is highly organized, with fibers running along two primary axes. In hagfish the first linear tendons appear and the myosepta have developed specialized regions with unidirectional fiber orientation - a linear tendon within the flat sheet of myoseptum.[well established][VHOG] in FMA, tendon is an organ component that with parts dense-irregular-connective-tissue of tendon and dense-irregular-connective-tissue of tendon sheath; we follow VSAO in making it a subtype of the former. In VSAO tendons connect muscle to bone; in WP the def states integument (e.g. auricular muscles) - but JB confirms this is not actually tendon but aponeurosis AEO:0000091 BTO:0001356 CALOHA:TS-1021 EHDAA2:0003091 EMAPA:35854 EV:0100149 FMA:9721 GAID:276 MA:0000115 MESH:D013710 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjefJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0039508 VHOG:0001286 VSAO:0000073 XAO:0000173 ZFA:0005647 galen:Tendon uberon sinew tendo UBERON:0000043 tendon A biological tissue mass, most commonly a mass of nerve cell bodies. TODO - check vert vs invert. Other species: Any of a number of aggregations of neurons, glial cells and their processes, surrounded by a glial cell and connective tissue sheath (plural: ganglia). // Subdivision of neural tree (organ) which primarily consists of cell bodies of neurons located outside the neuraxis (brain and spinal cord); together with a nucleus and its associated nerve, it constitutes a neural tree (organ). Examples: spinal ganglion, trigeminal ganglion, superior cervical ganglion, celiac ganglion, inferior hypogastric (pelvic) ganglion. // a cluster of nerve cells and associated glial cells (nuclear location) // Portion of tissue that contains cell bodies of neurons and is located outside the central nervous system. A ganglion is a cluster of neurons. It is part of a nervous system. It may include glial cells. The neurons are arranged in a specific constellation: neuronal somata are concentrated at the surface, thus forming a cell cortex, and neurites are concentrated in the centre of the ganglion to form the neuropil. A ganglion is a distinct unit but several ganglia may be anterio-posteriorly joined by connectives or transversally by commissures Portion of tissue that contains cell bodies of neurons and is located outside the central nervous system.[AAO] Structures containing a collection of nerve cell bodies. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO] Subdivision of nervous system which primarily consists of cell bodies of neurons located outside the neuraxis (brain and spinal cord. Examples: spinal ganglion, trigeminal ganglion, superior cervical ganglion, celiac ganglion, inferior hypogastric (pelvic) ganglion (adapted from Foundational Model of Anatomy)[NIFSTD:nlx_anat_100302]. Cranial sensory placodes are focused areas of the head ectoderm of vertebrates that contribute to the development of the cranial sense organs and their associated ganglia. Placodes have long been considered a key character of vertebrates, and their evolution is proposed to have been essential for the evolution of an active predatory lifestyle by early vertebrates.[well established][VHOG] ganglionic AAO:0010426 AEO:0000135 BAMS:G BTO:0000497 CALOHA:TS-0397 EFO:0000899 EHDAA2:0003135 EHDAA:2897 EHDAA:4662 EHDAA:5621 EHDAA:918 EMAPA:32846 EV:0100372 FBbt:00005137 FMA:5884 MA:0002406 MAT:0000207 MAT:0000343 MESH:D005724 MIAA:0000207 MIAA:0000343 TAO:0000190 TGMA:0001016 UMLS:C0017067 VHOG:0000156 WBbt:0005189 XAO:0000209 ZFA:0000190 uberon ganglia neural ganglion UBERON:0000045 ganglion An eye with one concave chamber. Note that 'simple' does not imply a reduced level of complexity or acuity. TGMA:0000729 uberon UBERON:0000047 simple eye Thickened areas of the saccule or utricle where the termination of the vestibular nerve occurs[MESH,modified]. this refers to the inner ear structure, not the macula of the retina. We follow ZFA in including a grouping class for the macula of utricle and sacule Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO] macular GAID:777 MESH:D008267 TAO:0000386 ZFA:0000386 macula maculae sensory macula sensory patch uberon acoustic macula acoustic maculae UBERON:0000054 macula A tubular structure that contains, conveys body fluid, such as blood or lymph. uberon UBERON:0000055 vessel Muscular duct that propels urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder, or related organs. Anatomical structure consisting of long narrow duct which carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.[AAO] The duct of amniotes that carries urine from a metanephric kidney to the urinary bladder. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-29, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG] The first embryonic hint of a metanephros is the formation of the metanephric duct that appears as a ureteric diverticulum arising at the base of preexisting mesonephric duct. The ureteric diverticulum grows dorsally into the posterior region of the nephric ridge. Here it enlarges and stimulates the growth of metanephric tubules that come to make up the metanephric kidney. The metanephros becomes the adult kidney of amniotes, and the metanephric duct is usually called the ureter.[well established][VHOG] ureteral ureteric in humans, consists of adventitial, muscular and mucoa layers AAO:0010254 BTO:0001409 CALOHA:TS-1084 EFO:0000930 EHDAA2:0002139 EHDAA:9341 EMAPA:17950 EV:0100097 FMA:9704 GAID:438 MA:0000378 MAT:0000120 MESH:D014513 MIAA:0000120 OpenCyc:Mx4rvhmm6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0041951 VHOG:0000605 XAO:0000144 galen:Ureter uberon metanephric duct UBERON:0000056 ureter the fibromuscular tubular canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder to the exterior via the external urinary meatus; in males, the urethra is joined by the ejaculatory ducts and serves as a passageway for semen during ejaculation, as well as a canal for urine during voiding; in females, the urethra is shorter and emerges above the vaginal opening urethral In human males, the urethra travels through the penis, and carries semen as well as urine. In females, the urethra is shorter and emerges above the vaginal opening. BTO:0001426 CALOHA:TS-1132 EFO:0000931 EMAPA:30901 EV:0100099 FMA:19667 GAID:390 MA:0000379 MAT:0000121 MESH:D014521 MIAA:0000121 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjkypwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0041967 VHOG:0001264 XAO:0000153 galen:Urethra uberon UBERON:0000057 urethra A tubular structure that transports secreted or excreted substances. A tube shaped portion of tissue lined with epithelial cells that collects secretions and routes them to their destination[ZFA:0005171]. Most ducts, but not all, are exocrine gland ducts. Some ontologies classify structures such as the oviduct here. AAO:0011123 FBbt:00100314 FMA:30320 TAO:0005171 UMLS:C0687028 XAO:0004000 ZFA:0005171 galen:Duct anatomical duct exocrine duct exocrine gland duct uberon ducts UBERON:0000058 duct A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]. Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010396 BTO:0000706 CALOHA:TS-1306 EFO:0000840 EMAPA:19252 EV:0100077 FMA:7201 GAID:306 MA:0000333 MESH:A03.492.411.495 MIAA:0000046 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkF5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0021851 VHOG:0000054 XAO:0000131 galen:LargeIntestine uberon intestinum crassum UBERON:0000059 large intestine Organ component adjacent to an organ cavity and which consists of a maximal aggregate of organ component layers. in FMA, serosa is a wall UBERON:0009915 wall EMAPA:25036 FMA:82482 galen:Wall wall of organ uberon organ wall UBERON:0000060 anatomical wall Material anatomical entity that is a single connected structure with inherent 3D shape generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. AAO:0010825 AEO:0000003 BILA:0000003 CARO:0000003 EHDAA2:0003003 EMAPA:0 FBbt:00007001 FMA:67135 GAID:781 HAO:0000003 MA:0003000 MESH:D000825 TAO:0000037 TGMA:0001823 VHOG:0001759 WBbt:0000100 XAO:0003000 ZFA:0000037 biological structure connected biological structure uberon UBERON:0000061 anatomical structure Anatomical structure that performs a specific function or group of functions [WP]. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions. CARO v1 does not include a generic 'organ' class, only simple and compound organ. CARO v2 may include organ, see https://github.com/obophenotype/caro/issues/4 CARO:0020004 EFO:0000634 EMAPA:35949 ENVO:01000162 FMA:67498 MA:0003001 OpenCyc:Mx4rv5XMb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA OpenCyc:Mx4rwP3iWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0178784 WBbt:0003760 uberon anatomical unit body organ element UBERON:0000062 organ A part of an organ that constitutes a distinct modular sub-unit. In some cases, the organ may also contain other sub-units of identical or similar types, in other cases this may be a distinct entity. FMA distinguishes segment from zone by whether the fiat boundaries are fixed/anchored (segments) or floating (zone). It's not completely clear how to apply this distinction Organ region with one or more anchored fiat boundaries. Examples: artery, trunk of nerve, cervical part of esophagus, pelvic part of vagina, horn of thyroid cartilage, anterior segment of eyeball. Organ region with one or more fixed or anchored fiat boundaries. Examples: artery, trunk of nerve, cervical part of esophagus, pelvic part of vagina, horn of thyroid cartilage, anterior segment of eyebal. FMA:86140 uberon organ region with fixed fiat boundary organ segment segment of organ UBERON:0000063 organ subunit A multicellular structure that is a part of an organ. currently defined in a very broad sense, may be replaced by more specific classes in the future AAO:0011124 EFO:0000635 FMA:82472 cardinal organ part uberon regional part of organ UBERON:0000064 organ part Anatomical structure that is part of the respiratory system. In mammals consists of upper and lower tracts EHDAA2:0001606 EHDAA:1568 EHDAA:2219 EMAPA:16737 FMA:265130 OpenCyc:Mx4rvvM--pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA VHOG:0000393 uberon UBERON:0000065 respiratory tract The stage of development at which the animal is fully formed, including immaturity and maturity. Includes both sexually immature stage, and adult stage. adult stage BTO:0001043 BilaDO:0000004 EFO:0001272 FBdv:00005369 WBls:0000041 XtroDO:0000084 fully formed animal stage juvenile-adult stage uberon UBERON:0000066 fully formed stage A stage that is part of the embryo stage. embryonic stage part uberon UBERON:0000067 embryo stage part A life cycle stage that starts with fertilization and ends with the fully formed embryo. BilaDO:0000002 EV:0300001 FBdv:00005289 FMA:72652 HsapDv:0000002 MmusDv:0000002 OGES:000000 OGES:000022 WBls:0000003 WBls:0000092 WBls:0000102 XAO:1000012 embryonic stage uberon embryogenesis UBERON:0000068 embryo stage End of the life of an organism. ncit:Death is an outcome XAO:0000437 XtroDO:0000085 uberon death UBERON:0000071 death stage An section of a respiratory tract. MA:0000434 has subclasses upper and lower, so it corresponds to a segment of the tract, rather than the tract as a whole EMAPA:16737 FMA:45660 MA:0000434 uberon respiratory tract subdivision of respiratory tract UBERON:0000072 proximo-distal subdivision of respiratory tract Any part or collection of parts of the central or peripheral nervous system. Parts may span both CNS and PNS. Melissa Haendel 2009-06-18T09:00:04Z UMLS:C1518256 part of nervous system uberon UBERON:0000073 regional part of nervous system A capillary tuft which forms a close network with the visceral epithelium (podocytes) and the mesangium to form the filtration barrier and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney[GO]. ZFA - The multi-tissue structure where the glomerular basement membrane supported by mesonephric podocytes filters blood from the glomerular capillaries. GUDMAP: 'Together, the Bowman's capsule and the glomerulus comprise the definitive renal corpuscle.' - here the glomerulus is part of the capsule? Melissa Haendel 2009-06-18T09:26:37Z glomerulus BTO:0000530 CALOHA:TS-0862 EFO:0003667 EMAPA:28329 EV:0100386 FMA:15624 MA:0001657 MESH:D007678 TAO:0001288 UMLS:C0022663 ZFA:0001288 renal glomeruli uberon glomerular capillary tuft glomerular tuft glomerulus renis malphigian glomerulus renal corpuscle UBERON:0000074 renal glomerulus Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements and articular elements that are part of an individual subdivision of the organism. UBERON:0010322 FMA:85544 UMLS:C1519343 galen:ComplexSkeletalStructure skeletal system subdivision uberon skeletal system part UBERON:0000075 subdivision of skeletal system The surface (external) layer of ectoderm which begins to proliferate shortly after separation from the neuroectoderm. merge with non-neural. In vertebrates, the ectoderm has three parts: external ectoderm (also known as surface ectoderm), the neurectoderm (neural crest, and neural tube) (or external ectoderm) forms the following structures: Skin Epithelium of the mouth and nasal cavity saliavary glands, and glands of mouth and nasal cavity Enamel - as a side note dentin and dental pulp are formed from ectomesenchyme which is derived from ectoderm Epithelium of pineal and pituitary glands Lens and cornea of the eye Apical ectodermal ridge inducing development of the limb buds of the embryo. Sensory receptors in epidermis EHDAA2:0001968 EHDAA:1494 EHDAA:350 EHDAA:4784 EHDAA:4790 EHDAA:4796 EHDAA:7860 EMAPA:16096 FMA:87656 UMLS:C1515087 surface (external) ectoderm surface ectoderm uberon UBERON:0000076 external ectoderm An anatomical structure that develops from the endoderm and the mesoderm. Grouping term for query purposes. Notes that the developmental relationships are being refined such that most structures should develop in whole from at most one layer, but may have contributions from multiple uberon UBERON:0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure The organs associated with producing offspring in the gender that produces spermatozoa. By far, sexual reproduction is the more common pattern among living vertebrate forms and its widespread occurrence suggests that it is the plesiomorphic, or primitive, reproductive mode among the vertebrates.[well established][VHOG] BTO:0000082 CALOHA:TS-1310 EFO:0000970 EHDAA2:0001054 EHDAA:8136 EMAPA:17968 EV:0100101 FBbt:00004927 FMA:45664 GAID:386 HAO:0000505 MA:0000396 MESH:D005837 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TGMA:0000634 UMLS:C0017422 UMLS:C1963704 VHOG:0000725 WBbt:0008423 XAO:0000155 genitalia of male organism male genital system male genitalia male genitals male organism genitalia male organism reproductive system reproductive system of male organism uberon male genital organ male genital tract male reproductive tract systema genitale masculinum UBERON:0000079 male reproductive system The second stage of the kidney. It serves as the main excretory organ of aquatic vertebrates and as a temporary embryonic kidney in higher vertebrates. It is composed of the mesonephric duct (also called the Wolffian duct), mesonephric tubules, and associated capillary tufts. A single tubule and its associated capillary tuft is called a mesonephric excretory unit; these units are similar in structure and function to nephrons of the adult kidney. The mesonephros is derived from intermediate mesoderm in the vertebrate embryo. A kidney formed of nephric tubules arising in the middle region of the nephric ridge; a transient embryonic stage that replaces the pronephros, but is itself replaced by the adult metanephros [in mammals; in fishes and amphibians it is the adult kidney]. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Kardong_KV, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.745][VHOG] Organ that is the definitive adult kidney. It replaces the earlier pronephros, which degenerates as the mesonephros becomes functional in feeding stage tadpoles.[AAO] As the pronephros regresses, the archinephric duct induces the sequential differentiation of tubules in the more caudal parts of the nephric ridge. (...) Tubules that differentiate in the middle part of the nephric ridge form a kidney called the mesonephros. This kidney functions in the embryos and larvae of all vertebrates. (...) In all vertebrate embryos, the kidney begins with the differentiation of a few renal tubules from the anterior end of the nephric ridge overlying the pericardial cavity. (...) This early-developing embryonic kidney is called the pronephros.[well established][VHOG] mesonephric In mammals, the mesonephros is the second of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In fish and amphibians, the mesonephros will form the mature kidney By contrast to the pronephros, the histological features of the mammalian mesonephros, with its primitive glomeruli, suggest that it probably functions as a primitive kidney, and is involved in the production of much of the amniotic fluid. Within the two mesonephroi, one located on either side of the dorsal mesentery of the hindgut, a substantial number (in the region of about 40 or more) of cranio-caudally segmented mesonephric tubules are formed. It has, however, been suggested that only the most rostrally located 4-6 pairs of mesonephric tubules drain into the mesonephric portion of the nephric duct. This is now seen to extend along the length of the mesonephroi, being located towards their lateral sides. The mesonephros is also retained over a considerably longer period than the pronephros, but gradually undergoes regression in a cranio-caudal direction. While the rostral part displays clear evidence of regression its more caudal part appears to display evidence of functional activity. Within the medial part of the mesonephros, vesicles are formed, although no glomeruli are formed there in this species. It is, however, difficult to believe that the relatively enormous mesonephroi do not have an excretory role in the mouse, only serving as a base for gonadal differentiation. In the human embryo, the medial part of the mesonephric tubules enlarges, become invaginated by capillaries, and form glomeruli. These then take on an excretory role. In the mouse, the mesonephric ducts appear to be patent throughout their length[GUDMAP, modified] AAO:0010384 BTO:0001542 CALOHA:TS-0624 EFO:0000928 EHDAA2:0001130 EHDAA:1581 EHDAA:5903 EMAPA:16744 EMAPA:27644 FMA:72171 GAID:1308 MESH:D001755 TAO:0000529 UMLS:C0025492 VHOG:0000038 XAO:0000141 ZFA:0000529 Wolffian body mesonephric kidney mesonephroi uberon amphibian adult kidney corpus Wolffi middle kidney opisthonephros opisto nephros opistonephros UBERON:0000080 mesonephros In mammals, the metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus, which develops into the mature kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine[GO] TODO check developmental relationships A kidney formed of nephric tubules arising in the posterior region of the nephric ridge and drained by a ureter; replaces the embryonic pronephros and mesonephros [in mammals]. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Kardong_KV, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.745][VHOG] The ureteric diverticulum grows dorsally into the posterior region of the nephric ridge. Here it enlarges and stimulates the growth of metanephric tubules that come to make up the metanephric kidney. The metanephros becomes the adult kidney of amniotes.[well established][VHOG] metanephric During the fifth week of gestation, the mesonephric duct develops an outpouching, the ureteric bud, near its attachment to the cloaca. This bud, also called the metanephrogenic diverticulum, grows posteriorly and towards the head of the embryo. The elongated stalk of the ureteric bud, the metanephric duct, later forms the ureter. As the cranial end of the bud extends into the intermediate mesoderm, it undergoes a series of branchings to form the collecting duct system of the kidney. It also forms the major and minor calyces and the renal pelvis BTO:0001543 EHDAA2:0001137 EHDAA:3089 EHDAA:5911 EMAPA:17207 EMAPA:17373 FMA:72172 UMLS:C0231049 VHOG:0000039 metanephron uberon definite kidney definitive kidney hind kidney metanephric kidney UBERON:0000081 metanephros A mesonephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephros[GO]. Genital ridge that is next to the mesonephros[WP]. TODO check Any of the renal tubules composing the mesonephros. In mammals they function as excretory structures during the early embryonic development but are later incorporated into the reproductive system. [TFD][VHOG] As the pronephros regresses, the archinephric duct induces the sequential differentiation of tubules in the more caudal parts of the nephric ridge. (...) Tubules that differentiate in the middle part of the nephric ridge form a kidney called the mesonephros. This kidney functions in the embryos and larvae of all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010389 EHDAA2:0001134 EMAPA:27588 EMAPA:27659 VHOG:0000500 XAO:0000148 uberon renal tubules tubuli mesonephrici UBERON:0000083 mesonephric tubule An epithelial swelling on the Wolffian duct that elongates to invade the adjacent metanephric mesenchyme[MP] Outgrowth of the mesonephric duct that penetrates the metanephric mesoderm and forms the ureter, renal pelvis, major and minor calyces and collecting ducts. [Embryology, See_Dudek_RW_and_Fix_JD, Third_Edition_(2004)_Philadelphia:_Lippincott_William_and_Wilkins, p.137][VHOG] Outgrowth of the mesonephric duct that penetrates the metanephric mesoderm and forms the ureter, renal pelvis, major and minor calyces and collecting ducts[VHOG:0000541]. The first embryonic hint of a metanephros is the formation of the metanephric duct that appears as a ureteric diverticulum arising at the base of preexisting mesonephric duct. The ureteric diverticulum grows dorsally into the posterior region of the nephric ridge. Here it enlarges and stimulates the growth of metanephric tubules that come to make up the metanephric kidney. The metanephros becomes the adult kidney of amniotes, and the metanephric duct is usually called the ureter.[well established][VHOG] BTO:0001646 EHDAA2:0002140 EHDAA:3091 EHDAA:5917 EMAPA:17209 EMAPA:17376 UMLS:C1284058 VHOG:0000541 uberon diverticulum diverticulum metanephricum gemma ureterica metanephric bud metanephric diverticulum ureteric ampulla ureteric diverticulum UBERON:0000084 ureteric bud A spherical embryonic mass of blastomeres formed before the blastula and resulting from cleavage of the fertilized ovum. EHDAA2 has embryo starting later BTO:0001508 EHDAA2:0000005 FMA:292334 GAID:1295 MESH:A16.254.270.550 UMLS:C0026573 uberon morula (2-16 cells) UBERON:0000085 morula A glycoprotein membrane surrounding the plasma membrane of an oocyte. It is a vital constitutive part of the latter, external but not extraneous to it. The zona pellucida first appears in multilaminar primary oocytes. Outside the plasma membrane, three envelopes surround the ovum. The first, the primary egg envelope, lies between the plasma membrane and the surrounding cells of the ovary. The most consistent component of this primary layer is the vitelline membrane, a transparent jacket of fibrous protein. In mammals, the homologous structure is called the zona pellucida.[well established][VHOG] zona pellucida - vitelline membrane BTO:0003135 EHDAA2:0002220 EHDAA:31 EHDAA:62 EMAPA:16035 FMA:18674 GAID:410 MA:0001715 MESH:D015044 TAO:0001111 UMLS:C0043519 VHOG:0000720 ZFA:0001111 uberon oolemma pellucid zone striated membrane vitelline envelope vitelline membrane zona radiata zona striata UBERON:0000086 zona pellucida A mass of cells that develop into the body of the embryo and some extraembryonic tissues A group of cells found in the mammalian blastocyst that give rise to the embryo. [Biology_Online][VHOG] A small sphere of cells known as the inner cell mass lies within the trophoblast (of all eutherian mammals).[well established][VHOG] This structure forms in the earliest steps of development, before implantation into the endometrium of the uterus has occurred.The ICM lies within the blastocyst cavity and is entirely surrounded by the single layer of cells called trophoblast. [Wikipedia:Inner_cell_mass] EFO:0000547 EHDAA2:0000830 EHDAA:40 EMAPA:16041 FMA:86557 UMLS:C1283994 VHOG:0000742 uberon ICM early embryoblast embryoblast embryoblastus; massa cellularis interna; pluriblastus senior pluriblast UBERON:0000087 inner cell mass the mesectodermal cell layer arising from the trophectoderm that erodes the uterine mucosa and contributes to the formation of the placenta the mesectodermal cell layer arising from the trophectoderm that erodes the uterine mucosa and contributes to the formation of the placenta[MP] trophoblastic The postimplantation derivatives of the trophectoderm, which make up most of the fetal part of the placenta BTO:0001079 CALOHA:TS-1070 EV:0100120 FMA:83029 GAID:1152 MESH:A11.936 UMLS:C0041178 trophoblast layer uberon massa cellularis externa trophoblastus trophoderm UBERON:0000088 Aggregate of cells forming the outer layer of a blastocyst, which provide nutrients to the embryo and develop into a large part of the placenta. They are formed during the first stage of pregnancy and are the first cells to differentiate from the fertilized egg. [Wikipedia:Trophoblast] trophoblast A flattened, almost circular bilaminar plate of cells formed when the inner cell mass (aka embryoblast) forms two epithelial layers, each of a distinct lineage, separated by an extracellular basement membrane: the external (dorsal) layer is called the epiblast and the internal (ventral) layer is called the hypoblast (aka primitive endoderm); together, they compose the bilaminar embryonic disc. embryonic disc embryonic shield germinal disc germinal disk FMA:293863 UMLS:C1283997 bilaminary embryonic disc bilaminary germ disc uberon bilaminar disk UBERON:0000091 bilaminar disc stage succeeding embryo, including mature structure In birds, the postnatal stage begins when the beak penetrates the shell (i.e., external pipping) (Brown et al. 1997) BilaDO:0000003 OGES:000010 OGES:000014 OGES:000024 WBls:0000022 WBls:0000093 WBls:0000103 postembryonic stage post-hatching stage uberon postembryonic UBERON:0000092 post-embryonic stage Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue organized into a sheet which interconnects two or more organs, separates two or more body spaces from one another, or surrounds an organ or body part. Examples: interosseous membrane of forearm, obturator membrane, tympanic membrane, fibrous pericardium, fascia lata, dura mater. [FMA] cjm 2009-07-30T05:19:13Z membrane FMA:7145 membrane of organ uberon UBERON:0000094 membrane organ An entire span of an organism's life, commencing with the zygote stage and ending in the death of the organism. FBdv:00000000 HsapDv:0000001 MmusDv:0000001 OGES:000011 ncithesaurus:Life entire life cycle entire lifespan life lifespan uberon UBERON:0000104 life cycle A spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism. this class represents a proper part of the life cycle of an organism. The class 'life cycle' should not be placed here the WBls class 'all stages' belongs here as it is the superclass of other WBls stages we map the ZFS unknown stage here as it is logically equivalent to saying *some* life cycle stage BILS:0000105 EFO:0000399 FBdv:00007012 FMA:24120 HsapDv:0000000 MmusDv:0000000 OlatDv:0000010 PdumDv:0000090 WBls:0000002 XAO:1000000 ZFS:0000000 ZFS:0100000 ncithesaurus:Developmental_Stage developmental stage stage uberon UBERON:0000105 life cycle stage A stage at which the organism is a single cell produced by means of sexual reproduction. As in all metazoans, eumetazoan development begins with a fertilized egg, or zygote.[well established][VHOG] BILS:0000106 BilaDO:0000005 EFO:0001322 EHDAA:27 EMAPA:16033 FBdv:00005288 PdumDv:0000100 VHOG:0000745 XAO:1000001 ZFS:0000001 1-cell stage fertilized egg stage one cell stage uberon fertilized egg stage one-cell stage zygote zygotum UBERON:0000106 zygote stage The first few specialized divisions of an activated animal egg; Stage consisting of division of cells in the early embryo. The zygotes of many species undergo rapid cell cycles with no significant growth, producing a cluster of cells the same size as the original zygote. The different cells derived from cleavage are called blastomeres and form a compact mass called the morula. Cleavage ends with the formation of the blastula. BILS:0000107 BilaDO:0000006 EFO:0001290 FBdv:00000054 MESH:A16.254.270 MmusDv:0000004 OGES:000015 OGES:000020 PdumDv:0000200 XAO:1000004 ZFS:0000046 uberon UBERON:0000107 cleavage stage An early stage of embryonic development in animals. It is produced by cleavage of a fertilized ovum and consists of a spherical layer of around 128 cells surrounding a central fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. The blastula follows the morula and precedes the gastrula in the developmental sequence. consider adding a preceding stage 'morula stage' as part of cleavage BILS:0000108 BilaDO:0000007 EFO:0001282 HsapDv:0000006 MmusDv:0000007 OGES:000003 OGES:000016 OGES:000021 OpenCyc:Mx4rEetFnKP2EdqAAAACs4vPlg WBls:0000005 XAO:1000003 ZFS:0000045 uberon UBERON:0000108 blastula stage A stage defined by complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals. The details of gastrulation vary from species to species, but usually result in the formation of the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. BILS:0000109 BilaDO:0000008 EFO:0001296 FBdv:00005317 HsapDv:0000010 MmusDv:0000013 OGES:000004 OGES:000019 WBls:0000010 XAO:1000005 ZFS:0000047 uberon blastocystis trilaminaris stage trilaminar blastocyst stage trilaminar blastoderm stage trilaminar disk stage trilaminar germ stage trilaminar stage UBERON:0000109 gastrula stage Staged defined by the formation of a tube from the flat layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate. This will give rise to the central nervous system. BILS:0000110 BilaDO:0000009 HsapDv:0000012 MmusDv:0000017 XAO:1000006 uberon UBERON:0000110 neurula stage A stage at which the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm develop into the internal organs of the organism. BILS:0000111 BilaDO:0000010 HsapDv:0000015 MmusDv:0000018 OGES:000005 OGES:000032 uberon segmentation stage UBERON:0000111 organogenesis stage The stage of being a sexually immature adult animal[XAO:1000010]. In mammals this would include infant (nourishment from lactation) and juvenile (prepubertal no longer dependent on mother) BILS:0000112 BTO:0002168 EFO:0001300 EV:0300051 MmusDv:0000043 OGES:000009 XAO:1000010 XtroDO:0000083 ZFS:0000051 immature stage juvenile stage uberon subadult stage UBERON:0000112 sexually immature stage the connective tissue located between the respiratory (airway and alveolar) epithelium, the capillary endothelium and pleural mesothelium; it contains basement membrane composed of collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, and fibronectin; it functions in the mechanical behavior of the lung, and forms a barrier to regulate the flow of plasma constituents from the capillaries to the airway and alveolar spaces EMAPA:35521 FMA:27533 MA:0001782 connective tissue of lung pulmonary interstitium uberon lung interstitial tissue lung interstitium pulmonary connective tissue pulmonary interstitial tissue UBERON:0000114 lung connective tissue A tube in the respiratory system. Examples: bronchus, bronchiole, trachea. in GO lung development is part of respiratory tube development. This can lead to inconsistencies with other ontologies, e.g. VT. The GO structure may be better represented by a tree of tubes (see the FMA class) FMA:12224 segment of tracheobronchial tree respiratory conducting tube segment of tracheobronchial tree tracheobronchial tree segment uberon UBERON:0000117 respiratory tube Structure derived from foregut that becomes a lung[GO]. clarify successors - include bronchi? BTO:0001643 EHDAA2:0004089 UMLS:C1514420 UMLS:C1514897 uberon gemma pulmonalis gemma respiratoria lung bud primary lung bud respiratory diverticulum UBERON:0000118 lung bud A fasciculated bundle of neuron projections (GO:0043005), largely or completely lacking synapses. UBERON:0005163 CARO:0001001 FBbt:00005099 funiculus nerve fiber bundle neural fiber bundle uberon UBERON:0000122 neuron projection bundle A spatially aggregated collection of nerve cell bodies in the CNS, consisting of one or more subpopulations that share cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections, and including nearby cells that share the same cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections. (CUMBO) Anatomical structure consisting of a discrete aggregate of neuronal soma[GO][GO_REF:0000021]. Proposed CUMBO def from MM: A subcortical part of the nervous system consisting of a relatively compact group of cells that is distinguishable histologically that share a commonality of cytoarchitecture, chemoarchitecturel and connectivity. (comments: I put in 'subcortical' because I don't think we consider either the cerebellar cortex or cerebral cortex to be nuclei. Some people distinguish between a nucleus and a laminar structure (see Wikipedia definition). However, there are structures identified as nuclei that are laminar, e.g., lateral geniculate nucleus, although they are not laminated in all species. Also, I put in 'relatively compact' and 'distiguishable by histology' because we have groups of cells, e.g., cholinergic cell groups, doparminergic cell groups that are related on the 3 criteria but which we don't tend to consider nuclei because they don't occupy an easily defined territory. But all is open to debate. nucleus AEO:0000136 FMA:83686 nervous system nucleus neuraxis nucleus neuronal nucleus nucleus of CNS uberon nucleus of neuraxis UBERON:0000125 neural nucleus Nucleus that receives projections from or contains neurons that send projections through one of the cranial nerves FMA:54501 cranial neural nucleus nucleus of cranial nerve uberon nucleus nervi cranialis UBERON:0000126 cranial nerve nucleus uberon UBERON:0000153 anterior region of body uberon UBERON:0000154 posterior region of body A thin sheet or layer of pliable tissue, serving as a covering or envelope of a part, as the lining of a cavity, as a partition or septum, or to connect two structures. membrane FMA:30322 FMA:82500 MESH:D008566 membranous organ component uberon UBERON:0000158 membranous layer Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. This class is probably too inclusive Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO] The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] intestinal In zebrafish, No stomach, small intestine, or large intestine can be distinguished. However, differences can be found in the morphology of the mucosa columnar epithelial cells and the number of goblet cells, suggesting functional differentiation. The intestine has numerous folds that become progressively shorter in a rostral-to-caudal direction. Proportionally, these folds are significantly larger than the finger-like intestinal villi of mammals and other amniotes (Wallace et al. 2005). Columnar-shaped absorptive enterocytes are the most numerous in the zebrafish intestinal epithelium. Goblet cells are the second most populous epithelial cell type. AAO:0000246 ANISEED:1235303 BSA:0000093 BTO:0000648 CALOHA:TS-0490 EFO:0000834 EMAPA:32874 EMAPA:35180 EV:0100071 FMA:7199 GAID:295 MA:0000328 MA:0001524 MESH:A03.492.411 MIAA:0000043 TAO:0001338 UMLS:C0021853 VHOG:0000056 WBbt:0005772 XAO:0000129 ZFA:0001338 galen:Intestine bowel uberon intestinal tract UBERON:0000160 intestine Anatomical conduit that connects two adjacent body spaces (or a body space with the space surrounding the organism)[FMA,modified]. in FMA, this is an anatomical conduit *space*, rather than anatomical conduit anatomical ostium ostium FMA:3724 anatomical orifice hilum uberon UBERON:0000161 orifice Common chamber into which the intestines and excretory system opens. Arises during development in all vertebrates, but in many it becomes subdivided, lost or incorporated into other structures adding df link to embryonic cloaca leads to a cycle in uberon-simple, as cloaca is a suberclass of embryonic cloaca A common passage for fecal, urinary, and reproductive discharge in most lower vertebrates as well as the terminal end of the hindgut before division into rectum, bladder, and genital primordia in mammalian embryos. [TFD][VHOG] Anatomical structure which is the common receptacle for the alimentary canal, Wolffian ducts, oviducts, and the bladder.[AAO] A cloaca is apparently a primitive vertebrate feature because it occurs in most primitive gnathostomes and persists in the embryos of almost all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG] cloacal Human beings only have an embryonic cloaca, which is split up into separate tracts during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs hindgut endoderm and proctodeal ectoderm. AAO:0000095 GAID:1206 MESH:D002988 UMLS:C0008987 VHOG:0001186 XAO:0000244 ZFA:0005781 uberon cloacal chamber vent UBERON:0000162 cloaca endoderm-lined chamber that develops as pouch-like dilation of the caudal end of the hindgut and receives the allantois ventrally and two mesonephric ducts laterally; caudally it ends blindly at the cloacal membrane formed by the union of proctodeal (anal pit) ectoderm and cloacal endoderm, with no intervening mesoderm[MP]. this class represents the embryonic form of the cloaca, as found in both mammals and non-mammals. EHDAA2:0000256 EHDAA:4895 EMAPA:27573 EMAPA:27638 uberon cloaca UBERON:0000163 embryonic cloaca the ventral part of the cloaca remaining after septation of the rectum, which further develops into part of the bladder, part of the prostatic part of the male urethra and the urethra and vestibule in females The ventral part of the cloaca after its separation from the rectum, giving rise to the lower part of the bladder in both sexes, to the prostatic portion of the male urethra, and to the urethra and vestibule in the female. [TFD][VHOG] In mammals the lowly monotremes still have a cloaca. Higher types have done away with this structure and have a separate anal outlet for the rectum. The monotreme cloaca shows the initiation of this subdivision. The cloaca has such includes only the distal part, roughly comparable to the proctodeum. The more proximal part is divided into (1) a large dorsal passage into which the intestine opens, the coprodeum, and (2) a ventral portion, the urodeum with which the bladder connects. (...) the development of the placental mammals recapitulates in many respects the phylogenetic story. In the sexually indifferent stage of placental mammal there is a cloaca. While the indifferent stage still persists, a septum develops, and extends out to the closing membrane. This divides the cloaca into two chambers: a coprodeum continuous with the gut above, and a urodeum or urogenital sinus below.[well established][VHOG] the term 'urogenital sinus' may refer to the primitive urogenital sinus present as a transient developmental structure in most mammals or it may refer to a condition in which an unseptated cloaca persists in animals longer than normal urogenital sinus EHDAA2:0004060 EHDAA:5029 EHDAA:5919 EMAPA:17211 EMAPA:17379 UMLS:C0231057 VHOG:0000414 UGS fetal UGS sinus urogenitalis uberon UBERON:0000164 primitive urogenital sinus The proximal portion of the digestive tract, containing the oral cavity and bounded by the oral opening. In vertebrates, this extends to the pharynx and includes gums, lips, tongue and parts of the palate. Typically also includes the teeth, except where these occur elsewhere (e.g. pharyngeal jaws) or protrude from the mouth (tusks). Cavity in which food is initially ingested and generally contains teeth, tongue and glands.[AAO] Molecular and developmental cell lineage data suggest that the acoel mouth opening is homologous to the mouth of protostomes and deuterostomes and that the last common ancestor of the Bilateria (the 'urbilaterian') had only this single digestive opening.[well established][VHOG] oral some AOs place this as developing from the stomodeum but we weaken this to developmental contribution, as the mouth includes non-ectodermal derivatives in FMA, the tongue, palate etc are part of the mouth which is itself a subdivision of the face. ZFA includes a separate class 'oral region' which is part of the mouth, but excludes tongue and lips AAO:0010355 BTO:0001090 BTO:0004698 CALOHA:TS-1315 EFO:0000825 EHDAA2:0001326 EHDAA:542 EMAPA:16262 FBbt:00003126 FMA:49184 GAID:75 MA:0000341 MA:0002474 MAT:0000038 MESH:D009055 MIAA:0000038 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVidh5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TADS:0000040 TAO:0000547 TAO:0000590 TGMA:0000131 VHOG:0000280 VHOG:0000812 XAO:0003029 ZFA:0000547 ZFA:0000590 galen:Mouth regio oralis adult mouth uberon cavital oralis cavitas oris cavum oris mouth cavity oral region oral vestibule rima oris stoma stomatodaeum trophic apparatus vestibule of mouth vestibulum oris UBERON:0000165 mouth The orifice that connects the mouth to the exterior of the body. (...) mouth development is very similar in protostomes and 'basal' deuterostomes, whereas the chordate mouth seems to develop at a new position. Recent data for echinoderms and hemichordates further suggest that this change in mouth position may result from change in the influence of a conserved ectodermal patterning system on mouth development. It has been suggested that the mouths of vertebrates and urochordates may constitute a 'new' mouth.[well established][VHOG] FMA:59806 oral fissure oral orifice uberon mouth oral part of face UBERON:0000166 oral opening Anatomical cavity at the start of the digestive tract that that is enclosed by the mouth. The boundaries and contents vary depending on the species. In vertebrates, the boundaries are the oral opening, the cheeks, the palate and (if present) the palatoglossal arch - if this is not present then the mouth and pharynx form the oropharyngeal cavity. The buccal cavity contains the teeth, tongue and palate (when present) Anatomical cavity bounded anteriorly by the mouth and posteriorly by the derivatives of the branchial arches.[AAO] The cavity of the mouth, bounded by the jaw bones and associated structures (muscles and mucosa). [TFD][VHOG] Echinoderms, hemichordates, and chordates are called deuterostomes because the mouth arises not from the blastopore but from a second invagination at the anterior end of the larva that pushes in to connect with the archenteron.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0000053 AAO:0000960 BSA:0000107 CALOHA:TS-1315 EFO:0001975 EHDAA2:0001324 EHDAA:6970 EMAPA:17411 EMAPA:18399 EV:0100057 FMA:20292 HAO:0000669 TAO:0001027 TGMA:0000102 UMLS:C0226896 VHOG:0000188 WBbt:0005255 XAO:0000126 ZFA:0001027 buccal cavity cavity of mouth uberon bucca UBERON:0000167 oral cavity A section dividing a colon along a proximal-distal axis. FMA:222905 uberon segment of colon UBERON:0000168 proximal-distal subdivision of colon 1 1 1 1 The pair of anatomical structures comprised of a left lung and right lung. FMA:68877 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjKy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA lungs lungs pair pulmones set of lungs uberon UBERON:0000170 pair of lungs Organ that functions in gaseous exchange between an organism and its environment. In plants, microorganisms, and many small animals, air or water makes direct contact with the organism's cells or tissue fluids, and the processes of diffusion supply the organism with dioxygen (O2) and remove carbon dioxide (CO2). In larger animals the efficiency of gaseous exchange is improved by specialized respiratory organs, such as lungs and gills, which are ventilated by breathing mechanisms. EMAPA:17607 SPD:0000428 TGMA:0001247 apparatus respiratorius organ breathing organ organ of apparatus respiratorius organ of respiratory system respiratory organ respiratory system organ uberon gas exchange organ UBERON:0000171 respiration organ A portion of organism substance that is the product of an excretion process that will be eliminated from the body. An excretion process is elimination by an organism of the waste products that arise as a result of metabolic activity UBERON:0000324 UBERON:0007550 AEO:0000184 BTO:0000491 EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003184 ENVO:02000022 FMA:9674 galen:Excretion excreted substance portion of excreted substance waste substance uberon excretion UBERON:0000174 excreta A fluid that is composed of blood plasma and erythrocytes. This class excludes blood analogues, such as the insect analog of blood. See UBERON:0000179 haemolymphatic fluid. A complex mixture of cells suspended in a liquid matrix that delivers nutrients to cells and removes wastes. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO] Highly specialized circulating tissue consisting of several types of cells suspended in a fluid medium known as plasma.[AAO] relationship loss: subclass specialized connective tissue (AAO:0000571)[AAO] Recent findings strongly suggest that the molecular pathways involved in the development and function of blood cells are highly conserved among vertebrates and various invertebrates phyla. (...) There is now good reason to believe that, in vertebrates and invertebrates alike, blood cell lineages diverge from a common type of progenitor cell, the hemocytoblast.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0000046 BTO:0000089 CALOHA:TS-0079 EFO:0000296 EHDAA2:0000176 EHDAA:418 EMAPA:16332 ENVO:02000027 EV:0100047 FMA:9670 GAID:965 MA:0000059 MESH:D001769 MIAA:0000315 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjI8JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000007 UMLS:C0005767 VHOG:0000224 XAO:0000124 ZFA:0000007 galen:Blood portion of blood vertebrate blood uberon whole blood UBERON:0000178 blood Circulating fluid that is part of the hemolymphoid system. Blood, lymph, interstitial fluid or its analogs. cjm 2009-04-08T04:38:19Z CARO:0000081 uberon blood or blood analog circulating fluid UBERON:0000179 haemolymphatic fluid the thin innermost layer of the extraembryonic membranes that contains the amniotic fluid; the membrane forms a closed sac in which the embryo and later, the fetus, is suspended and protected A thin but tough extraembryonic membrane of reptiles, birds and mammals that lines the chorion and contains the fEtus and the amniotic fluid around it. [Biology_Online][VHOG] Structures homologous to the four extraembryonic membranes of reptiles and birds appear in mammals: amnion, chorion, yolk sac, and allantois.[well established][VHOG] amniotic BTO:0000065 CALOHA:TS-0033 EHDAA2:0000116 EHDAA:136 EMAPA:16109 EV:0100122 FMA:80223 GAID:1298 MESH:A16.254.403.277 UMLS:C0002630 VHOG:0000721 uberon UBERON:0000305 amnion Organism at the blastula stage - an early stage of embryonic development in animals. It is produced by cleavage of a fertilized ovum and consists of a spherical layer of around 128 cells surrounding a central fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. The blastula follows the morula and precedes the gastrula in the developmental sequence. TODO - check relationship with epiblast. Note in FMA this is not a subclass of embryo, but in uberon embryo is the whole organism from zygote onwards and thus includes the blastula UBERON:0007011 BILA:0000059 BTO:0000128 GAID:1294 MESH:A16.254.270.274 OGEM:000006 OpenCyc:Mx4rEetFnKP2EdqAAAACs4vPlg blastula embryo uberon blastosphere UBERON:0000307 blastula The upper ventral region of an animal's torso. The breasts of a female primate's body contain the mammary glands, which secrete milk used to feed infants. Both men and women develop breasts from the same embryological tissues. However, at puberty female sex hormones, mainly estrogens, promote breast development, which does not happen with men. As a result women's breasts become more prominent than men's. BTO:0000149 CALOHA:TS-2083 EV:0100124 FMA:9601 GAID:33 MESH:D001940 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjV7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0006141 galen:Breast mammary part of chest mammary region uberon mamma UBERON:0000310 breast A mucosa that is part of a duodenum [Automatically generated definition]. UBERON:0003348 BTO:0000367 CALOHA:TS-0213 EMAPA:27235 FMA:14942 MA:0003207 Doudenal mucosa Duodenal mucous membrane mucosa of duodenum mucous membrane of duodenum uberon duodenum mucosa UBERON:0000320 duodenal mucosa The branched tubular glands found in the mucosa of the fundus and body of the stomach which contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid and zymogenic cells that produce pepsin. BTO:0000503 EMAPA:27181 FMA:14919 uberon UBERON:0000325 gastric gland The wall of the digestive tract. This encompasses all parts of the digestive tract with the exception of the lumen (cavity). We model the digestive tract as consisting of two parts: the wall and the lumen. BTO:0000547 FMA:45653 digestive tract wall wall of digestive tract wall of gut uberon wall of alimentary tract UBERON:0000328 gut wall In anatomy, the throat is the anterior part of the neck, in front of the vertebral column. It consists of the pharynx and larynx. An important feature of the throat is the epiglottis, a flap which separates the esophagus from the trachea and prevents inhalation of food or drink. The throat contains various blood vessels, various pharyngeal muscles, the trachea (windpipe) and the esophagus. The hyoid bone and the clavicle are the only bones located in the throat of mammals. It is sometimes considered a synonym for fauces. [WP,unvetted]. gular The hyoid bone and the clavicle are the only bones located in the throat of mammals. BTO:0000828 FMA:228738 OpenCyc:Mx4rwQtO_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0230069 uberon gula UBERON:0000341 throat A lining of mostly endodermal origin, covered in epithelium, which is involved in absorption and secretion. They line various body cavities that are exposed to the external environment and internal organs. It is at several places continuous with skin: at the nostrils, the lips, the ears, the genital area, and the anus. The sticky, thick fluid secreted by the mucous membranes and gland is termed mucus. The term mucous membrane refers to where they are found in the body and not every mucous membrane secretes mucus[WP] mucosal FMA has mucosa vs region of mucosa; these are subtypes of Mucosa: Mucosa of gallbladder, tongue, .... The following are subtypes of Region of mucosa: Mucosa of zone of stomach, trachea, bronchus, dorsum of tongue.... Depends on whether the covered area is an organ or organ component. Uberon does not regard organ vs organ component as crucial distinction and thus collapses these into a single class deliberately AEO:0000199 BTO:0000886 CALOHA:TS-2031 EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003234 EV:0100382 FMA:85355 FMA:85358 GAID:297 MESH:D009092 OpenCyc:Mx4rvmKNOpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0026724 galen:Mucosa mucosa of organ mucosa of organ part mucosal region mucous membrane organ mucosa uberon region of mucosa tunica mucosa UBERON:0000344 mucosa functional part of an organ in the body. This is in contrast to the stroma, which refers to the structural tissue of organs, being exactly, connective tissues. parenchymal Early in development the mammalian embryo has three distinct layers: ectoderm (external layer), endoderm (internal layer) and in between those two layers the middle layer or mesoderm. The parenchyma of most organs is of ectodermal (brain, skin) or endodermal origin (lungs, gastrointestinal tract, liver, pancreas). The parenchyma of a few organs (spleen, kidneys, heart) is of mesodermal origin. The stroma of all organs is of mesodermal origin the FMA definition is more restrictive, and limits this to solid organs. This would seem to cause problems for the lung parenchyma, except FMA classifies Lung as solid rather than cavitated EHDAA:3015 EHDAA:3905 EHDAA:3999 EHDAA:4005 EHDAA:6899 EHDAA:6903 EHDAA:6994 EHDAA:8086 EHDAA:9182 EHDAA:9190 EHDAA:9196 EHDAA:9202 FMA:45732 UMLS:C0933845 uberon UBERON:0000353 parenchyma The mammalian blastocyst is a hollow ball of cells containing two cell types, the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm[GO]. Gilbert fig11.32 has blastocyst has giving rise to ICM and trophoblast (which in this source is a synonym for trophectoderm) BTO:0001099 CALOHA:TS-0076 EFO:0000295 EMAPA:36035 EV:0100394 FMA:83041 GAID:1153 MESH:A16.254.085 UMLS:C1281743 uberon blastocystis blastula UBERON:0000358 blastocyst The subdivision of the musculoskeletal system that consists of all the muscles of the body[VSAO, modified]. consider whether this should be restricted to skeletal musculature. See https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/77 Anatomical system that consists of the muscles of the body.[VSAO] we place the MA term musculature here, rather than under uberon:musculature, as this seems more appropriate given the structure of MA AAO:0000307 BILA:0000088 BTO:0001369 BTO:0001485 EFO:0000801 EMAPA:35578 FBbt:00005069 FMA:72954 MA:0002888 MAT:0000025 MIAA:0000025 VSAO:0000033 XAO:0004042 muscle system muscle system of body muscular system musculature system set of all muscles set of muscles of body vertebrate muscular system uberon muskelsystem UBERON:0000383 musculature of body A gland in which the principal secretory cells are serous secreting cells. glands that secrete watery albuminous material that often contains enzymes[MP:0008052]. BTO:0001837 FMA:62889 uberon UBERON:0000409 serous gland A gland in which the principal secretory cells are mucus secreting cells. In frogs and salamanders, this is the smaller of the two types of gland, the other being the granular (poison) gland. In these species the mucous gland is a cluster of cells that release secretion into a common duct[Kardong] AAO:0010601 BTO:0001979 FMA:62888 glandula mucosa uberon muciparous gland mucous secreting gland mucus gland mucus-secreting gland UBERON:0000414 mucous gland A portion of organism substance that is produced by exocrine glands. BTO has two distunct classes, with exocrine glandular secretion a subtype of secretion - however, all examples in BTO directly under secretion appear to be exocrine gland secretions UBERON:0006540 secretion AEO:0001005 BTO:0002977 BTO:0002979 EMAPA:36535 FMA:9675 MA:0002504 MESH:D012634 UMLS:C1516992 galen:Secretion exocrine gland fluid/secretion secreted substance uberon exocrine gland fluid exocrine gland fluid or secretion exocrine gland secretion external secretion UBERON:0000456 bodily secretion An anatomical wall that is part of a uterus [Automatically generated definition]. BTO:0003083 FMA:17560 anatomical wall of uterus uterus anatomical wall uterus wall wall of uterus uberon UBERON:0000459 uterine wall Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body. AAO:0010839 AEO:0000004 BILA:0000004 CALOHA:TS-2101 CARO:0000004 EHDAA2:0003004 EMAPA:35178 FBbt:00007019 FMA:9669 HAO:0000004 MA:0002450 SPD:0000008 TAO:0001487 TGMA:0001824 VHOG:0001726 XAO:0004001 ZFA:0001487 galen:BodySubstance body fluid or substance body substance organism substance portion of body substance portion of organism substance uberon UBERON:0000463 organism substance Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures. lumen space AAO:0010110 AEO:0000005 BILA:0000005 CARO:0000005 EHDAA2:0003005 FBbt:00007017 FMA:5897 HAO:0000005 TAO:0001668 TGMA:0001825 UMLS:C0524461 VHOG:0001728 XAO:0003190 ZFA:0001643 lumen space uberon anatomical spaces UBERON:0000464 anatomical space Anatomical entity that has mass. AAO:0010264 AEO:0000006 BILA:0000006 CARO:0000006 EHDAA2:0003006 FBbt:00007016 FMA:67165 HAO:0000006 TAO:0001836 TGMA:0001826 VHOG:0001721 uberon UBERON:0000465 material anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has no mass. AAO:0010265 AEO:0000007 BILA:0000007 CARO:0000007 EHDAA2:0003007 FBbt:00007015 FMA:67112 HAO:0000007 TAO:0001835 TGMA:0001827 VHOG:0001727 immaterial physical anatomical entity uberon UBERON:0000466 immaterial anatomical entity Multicellular, connected anatomical structure that has multiple organs as parts and whose parts work together to achieve some shared function. system AAO:0000007 AEO:0000011 BILA:0000011 BSA:0000049 CALOHA:TS-2088 CARO:0000011 EHDAA2:0003011 EHDAA:392 EMAPA:16103 EV:0100000 FBbt:00004856 FMA:7149 HAO:0000011 MA:0000003 OpenCyc:Mx4rCWM0QCtDEdyAAADggVbxzQ TAO:0001439 TGMA:0001831 UMLS:C0460002 VHOG:0001725 WBbt:0005746 WBbt:0005763 XAO:0003002 ZFA:0001439 galen:AnatomicalSystem body system connected anatomical system organ system uberon anatomical systems UBERON:0000467 anatomical system Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell. TODO - split body and mc organism? body continues after death stage organismal AAO:0010026 AEO:0000191 BILA:0000012 BSA:0000038 BTO:0000042 CARO:0000012 EFO:0002906 EHDAA2:0003103 EHDAA2:0003191 EHDAA:1 EHDAA:9178 EMAPA:25765 EV:0100016 FBbt:00000001 FMA:256135 HAO:0000012 TADS:0000001 TAO:0001094 TGMA:0001832 VHOG:0000671 WBbt:0007833 XAO:0003004 ZFA:0001094 galen:Organism ncithesaurus:Whole_Organism multi-cellular organism organism whole organism animal uberon Koerper body whole body UBERON:0000468 multicellular organism Anatomical structure that is a direct part of the cell. TODO - move metadata to GO and obsolete this class once homes have been found for existing children. Note the inconsistency between the usage of the label 'cell component' in GO and CARO AAO:0010271 BILA:0000014 CARO:0000014 FBbt:00007012 FMA:86454 GO:0044464 HAO:0000014 NIF_Subcellular:sao-1337158144 OpenCyc:Mx4rwQwkcZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TGMA:0001834 UMLS:C1178969 uberon cell component UBERON:0000470 cell part Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ. this class was introduced for consistency with CARO, however, it has yet to be used in this or other ontologies. It may be retired in the future AAO:0010017 AEO:0000019 BILA:0000019 CARO:0000019 EHDAA2:0003019 HAO:0000019 TAO:0001489 TGMA:0001835 XAO:0003039 ZFA:0001489 uberon compound organ components UBERON:0000471 compound organ component The organs and associated structures associated with bearing offspring in a female animal. By far, sexual reproduction is the more common pattern among living vertebrate forms and its widespread occurrence suggests that it is the plesiomorphic, or primitive, reproductive mode among the vertebrates.[well established][VHOG] BTO:0000083 CALOHA:TS-1303 EFO:0000969 EHDAA2:0000506 EHDAA:8116 EMAPA:17959 EV:0100110 FBbt:00004864 FMA:45663 GAID:364 HAO:0000324 MA:0000381 MESH:D005836 MIAA:0000028 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVipTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TGMA:0000635 UMLS:C0700038 VHOG:0000726 WBbt:0006748 WikipediaCategory:Female_reproductive_system XAO:0000156 female organism genitalia female organism reproductive system genitalia of female organism reproductive system of female organism uberon female genital system female genital tract female genitalia female genitals female reproductive tract gynaecological tissue systema genitale femininum UBERON:0000474 female reproductive system Anatomical structure which is a subdivision of a whole organism, consisting of components of multiple anatomical systems, largely surrounded by a contiguous region of integument. Reflects CARO2. todo - check the inclusion of FMA 'cardinal body part here', and check child terms for consistency AAO:0010053 AEO:0000032 BILA:0000032 CALOHA:TS-2084 CARO:0000032 EFO:0000808 EHDAA2:0003032 EMAPA:36031 FBbt:00007009 FMA:7153 HAO:0000032 MA:0002433 MAT:0000293 MESH:D001829 MIAA:0000293 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViAHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001308 TGMA:0001840 UMLS:C0229962 VHOG:0001758 XAO:0003013 ZFA:0001308 galen:BodyPart anatomic region uberon body part body region cardinal body part UBERON:0000475 organism subdivision Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or a tissue. AAO:0010268 AEO:0000040 BILA:0000040 CARO:0000040 EHDAA2:0003040 FBbt:00007013 FMA:63863 HAO:0000040 TAO:0000382 TGMA:0001841 XAO:0003162 ZFA:0000382 uberon acellular anatomical structures UBERON:0000476 acellular anatomical structure Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another. Will be obsoleted in CARO v2 [https://github.com/obophenotype/caro/issues/3] AAO:0010009 AEO:0000041 BILA:0000041 CARO:0000041 EHDAA2:0003041 FBbt:00007277 FMA:49443 HAO:0000041 TADS:0000605 TAO:0001478 TGMA:0001842 VHOG:0001737 XAO:0003160 ZFA:0001478 uberon UBERON:0000477 anatomical cluster A multicellular anatomical structure that is associated with an embryo and derived from the zygote from which it develops, but which does not contribute to the embryo proper or to structures that are part of the same organism after embryogenesis. AAO:0010020 AEO:0000042 BILA:0000042 CALOHA:TS-2119 CARO:0000042 EHDAA2:0003042 EHDAA:46 FBbt:00005835 FMA:85537 HAO:0000042 TAO:0000020 TGMA:0001843 UMLS:C1282438 VHOG:0000292 XAO:0004005 ZFA:0000020 extra-embryonic structure uberon extraembryonic structures extraembryonic tissue UBERON:0000478 see also conceptus extraembryonic component in EHDAA2. extraembryonic structure Multicellular anatomical structure that consists of many cells of one or a few types, arranged in an extracellular matrix such that their long-range organisation is at least partly a repetition of their short-range organisation. changed label and definition to reflect CARO2 AAO:0000607 AAO:0010054 AEO:0000043 BILA:0000043 CALOHA:TS-2090 CARO:0000043 EHDAA2:0003043 EMAPA:35868 FBbt:00007003 FMA:9637 HAO:0000043 MA:0003002 MESH:D014024 TAO:0001477 TGMA:0001844 UMLS:C0040300 VHOG:0001757 WBbt:0005729 XAO:0003040 ZFA:0001477 galen:Tissue portion of tissue tissue portion simple tissue uberon UBERON:0000479 tissue Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types. AAO:0010048 AEO:0000055 BILA:0000055 CARO:0000055 EHDAA2:0003055 FBbt:00007010 HAO:0000055 TAO:0001488 TGMA:0001847 VHOG:0001762 XAO:0003037 ZFA:0001488 uberon multi-tissue structures UBERON:0000481 multi-tissue structure Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina. Examples: simple squamous epithelium, glandular cuboidal epithelium, transitional epithelium, myoepithelium[CARO]. The two basic types of metazoan tissue are epithelial and connective. The simplest metazoans, and developmental stages of many primitive invertebrates, consist solely of these two layers. Thus, epithelial and connective tissues may be the primary (original) tissues of metazoans, and both are important in the functional organization of animals.[well established][VHOG] epithelial AAO:0000144 AAO:0010055 AEO:0000066 BILA:0000066 BTO:0000416 CALOHA:TS-0288 CARO:0000066 EHDAA2:0003066 EMAPA:32738 FBbt:00007005 FMA:9639 GAID:402 HAO:0000066 MA:0003060 MESH:D004848 TAO:0001486 UMLS:C0014609 VHOG:0000387 XAO:0003045 ZFA:0001486 epithelial tissue portion of epithelium uberon UBERON:0000483 epithelium Unilaminar epithelium, which consists of a single layer of columnar cells. Examples: ciliated columnar epithelium, gastric epithelium, microvillus columnar epithelium.[FMA] columnar epithelium columnar epithlium AAO:0010063 AEO:0000068 BILA:0000068 CARO:0000068 EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003068 FBbt:00007027 FMA:45567 HAO:0000068 TAO:0001496 UMLS:C0836135 XAO:0004008 ZFA:0001496 epithelium simplex columnare simple columnar epithelium uberon simple columnar epithelia UBERON:0000485 simple columnar epithelium Epithelium which consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells that may or may not be in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, ciliated stratified columnar epithelium.[FMA] Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells.[CARO] AAO:0010059 AEO:0000069 BILA:0000069 BTO:0002074 CARO:0000069 EHDAA2:0003069 FMA:45562 HAO:0000069 TAO:0001494 UMLS:C0682575 XAO:0004006 ZFA:0001494 stratified epithelium uberon laminated epithelium UBERON:0000486 multilaminar epithelium Unilaminar epithelium which consists of a single layer of squamous cells. Examples: pulmonary alveolar epithelium, endothelium.[FMA] Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells.[CARO] AAO:0010066 AEO:0000070 BILA:0000070 BTO:0002073 CARO:0000070 EHDAA2:0003070 FMA:45565 HAO:0000070 TAO:0001498 UMLS:C0836133 XAO:0004010 ZFA:0001498 epithelium simplex squamosum uberon simple squamous epithelia UBERON:0000487 simple squamous epithelium Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces. this class was introduced for consistency with CARO, however, it has yet to be used in this or other ontologies. It may be retired in the future AAO:0010016 AEO:0000072 BILA:0000072 CARO:0000072 EHDAA2:0003072 FMA:55671 HAO:0000072 TAO:0001490 TGMA:0001857 VHOG:0001730 XAO:0003165 ZFA:0001490 cavitated organ uberon cavitated compound organs UBERON:0000489 cavitated compound organ Epithelium which consists of a single layer of epithelial cells. Examples: endothelium, mesothelium, glandular squamous epithelium.[FMA] consider adding disjointness axiom between unilaminar and multilaminar - but note that this will render EHDAA2:0003244 (chorionic trophoblast) unsatisfiable Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells.[CARO] AAO:0010062 AEO:0000073 BILA:0000073 BTO:0002073 CARO:0000073 EHDAA2:0003073 FMA:45561 HAO:0000073 TAO:0001495 UMLS:C0682574 XAO:0004007 ZFA:0001495 simple epithelium uberon unilaminar epithelia UBERON:0000490 unilaminar epithelium Mucus is a bodily fluid consisting of a slippery secretion of the lining of the mucous membranes in the body. It is a viscous colloid containing antiseptic enzymes (such as lysozyme) and immunoglobulins. Mucus is produced by goblet cells in the mucous membranes that cover the surfaces of the membranes. It is made up of mucins and inorganic salts suspended in water. mucoid mucous CALOHA:TS-2144 ENVO:02000040 FMA:66938 GAID:1164 MESH:D009093 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjHq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0026727 galen:Mucus uberon UBERON:0000912 mucus Interstitial fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of a solution which bathes and surrounds the cells of multicellular animals. It is the main component of the extracellular fluid, which also includes plasma and transcellular fluid. ENVO:02000042 FMA:9673 intercellular fluid tissue fluid uberon UBERON:0000913 interstitial fluid Subdivision of trunk that lies between the head and the abdomen. note that we use the slightly verbose term 'thoracic segment of trunk' to avoid confusuon with insect thorax. todo - taxonomic constraints. Also, in FMA 'thorax' is a synonym for chest EMAPA:35862 FMA:259209 MA:0000022 thorax uberon anterior subdivision of trunk upper body upper trunk UBERON:0000915 thoracic segment of trunk The subdivision of the vertebrate body between the thorax and pelvis. The ventral part of the abdomen contains the abdominal cavity and visceral organs. The dorsal part includes the abdominal section of the vertebral column. Vertebrate specific. In arthropods 'abdomen' is the most distal section of the body which lies behind the thorax or cephalothorax. If need be we can introduce some grouping class abdominal celiac BTO:0000020 CALOHA:TS-0001 EFO:0000968 EMAPA:35102 EV:0100011 FMA:9577 GAID:16 MA:0000029 MAT:0000298 MESH:A01.047 MIAA:0000298 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjgyZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA galen:Abdomen abdominopelvic region abdominopelvis uberon adult abdomen belly celiac region UBERON:0000916 abdomen Anatomical entity that comprises the organism in the early stages of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ systems. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant. embryonic Obsoleted in ZFA. Note that embryo is not classified as an embryonic structure - an embryonic structure is only the parts of an embryo AAO:0011035 AEO:0000169 BILA:0000056 BSA:0000039 BTO:0000379 CALOHA:TS-0229 EFO:0001367 EHDAA2:0000002 EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003236 EHDAA:38 EMAPA:16039 FBbt:00000052 FMA:69068 GAID:963 MAT:0000226 MESH:D004622 MIAA:0000019 OGEM:000001 OpenCyc:Mx4rwP1ceZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0013935 VHOG:0001766 XAO:0000113 ZFA:0000103 embryonic organism uberon developing organism developmental tissue UBERON:0000922 embryo A layer of cells produced during the process of gastrulation during the early development of the animal embryo, which is distinct from other such layers of cells, as an early step of cell differentiation. The three types of germ layers are the endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm. The Bilateria are triploblastic (with true endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) (...).[well established][VHOG] embryonic tissue AAO:0000480 BILA:0000035 BTO:0000556 EMAPA:36033 FBbt:00000110 FMA:69069 GAID:1303 MESH:A16.254.425 TAO:0001122 UMLS:C0920502 UMLS:C1708239 VHOG:0001223 XAO:0003011 ZFA:0001122 germinal layer primary germ layer uberon embryonic germ layer embryonic germ layers UBERON:0000923 Classically the germ layers are ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Alternatively: primary = ectoderm, endoderm; secondary=mesoderm; tertiary=dorsal mesoderm, NC[https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/The-neural-crest] germ layer Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryo's three germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue. Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryonic germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue.[AAO] The Bilateria are triploblastic (with true endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) (...).[well established][VHOG] ectodermal AAO:0000137 BILA:0000036 BTO:0000315 CALOHA:TS-0216 EFO:0000414 EHDAA2:0000428 EMAPA:16069 EV:0100003 FBbt:00000111 FMA:69070 GAID:1304 MAT:0000155 MAT:0000173 MESH:A16.254.425.273 MIAA:0000173 TAO:0000016 UMLS:C0013574 VHOG:0000153 XAO:0000001 ZFA:0000016 embryonic ectoderm uberon UBERON:0000924 ectoderm Primary germ layer that lies remote from the surface of the embryo and gives rise to internal tissues such as gut. The Bilateria are triploblastic (with true endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) (...).[well established][VHOG] endodermal AAO:0000139 BILA:0000038 BTO:0000800 CALOHA:TS-0273 EFO:0002545 EHDAA2:0000436 EMAPA:16062 EV:0100005 FBbt:00000125 FMA:69071 GAID:1305 MAT:0000175 MESH:A16.254.425.407 MIAA:0000175 TAO:0000017 UMLS:C0014144 VHOG:0000154 XAO:0000090 ZFA:0000017 uberon entoderm UBERON:0000925 endoderm The middle germ layer of the embryo, between the endoderm and ectoderm. Primary germ layer that is the middle of the embryonic germ layers.[AAO] The Bilateria are triploblastic (with true endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) (...).[well established][VHOG] mesodermal sponges do not seem to have a mesoderm and accordingly Amphimedon lacks transcription factors involved in mesoderm development (Fkh, Gsc, Twist, Snail)[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v466/n7307/full/nature09201.html]. Mesoderm may not be homologous across verteberates UBERON:0003263 AAO:0000304 BILA:0000037 BTO:0000839 CALOHA:TS-0623 EFO:0001981 EHDAA2:0001128 EHDAA:124 EHDAA:160 EHDAA:168 EHDAA:183 EMAPA:16083 EV:0100006 FBbt:00000126 FMA:69072 GAID:522 MAT:0000174 MESH:A16.254.425.660 MIAA:0000174 TAO:0000041 UMLS:C0025485 VHOG:0000152 XAO:0000050 ZFA:0000041 uberon embryonic mesoderm entire mesoderm mesodermal mantle UBERON:0000926 mesoderm Anterior part of the embryonic digestive tract that develops into a mouth. The stomodeum includes as parts an invagination of the ectoderm and the stomodeal cavity. consider indicating location. e.g. anterior. Note some AOs place this as part of oral opening, but it's not clear when this structure comes into existence Anterior part of the embryonic alimentary canal formed as an invagination of the ectoderm; the future mouth.[TAO] the primordial mouth region of the developing head, initially a midline ectodermal depression between the forebrain bulge (cranially) and the heart bulge (caudally) and between the maxillary and mandibular components of the first pharyngeal arch; the stomodeum is separated from the anterior end of the foregut by the buccopharyngeal membrane; the mouth is developed partly from the stomodeum, and partly from the floor of the anterior portion of the foregut; the lips, teeth, and gums are formed from the walls of the stomodeum, but the tongue is developed in the floor of the pharynx stomodeal This class groups together disparate structures as all being the anterior part of the early metazoan digestive tract and precursor of the mouth. However, the developmental processes vary, so this class may be split in future. E.g. in mammals it is a rostral depression surrounded by prominences. Outgrowth of the prominences produces a stomodeal cavity. stomodeal-hypophyseal primordium BTO:0004224 EHDAA2:0001929 EMAPA:16263 FBbt:00000439 FMA:295846 TAO:0001290 TGMA:0000135 UMLS:C1514977 XAO:0000269 ZFA:0001290 mouth primordium primitive oral cavity stomatodeum stomodaeum uberon mouth pit oral ectoderm oral pit UBERON:0000930 stomodeum Inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into an ectodermal terminal part of the digestive tract. removed WBbt:0006795 'proctodeum' - junction between the alimentary and genital tracts in the male. An inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into part of the anal passage.[TAO] Inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into part of the anal passage.[AAO] proctodeal AAO:0011087 EHDAA2:0000121 EMAPA:25038 FBbt:00000123 TAO:0000066 UMLS:C0231054 VHOG:0000139 XAO:0001019 ZFA:0000066 embryonic proctodaeum proctodaeum amnioproctodeal invagination uberon anal pit anus porus UBERON:0000931 proctodeum An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium. Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO] It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG] We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa AAO:0000579 ANISEED:1235297 BTO:0001307 CALOHA:TS-0980 EFO:0000837 EHDAA2:0001915 EHDAA:2993 EMAPA:17021 EV:0100070 FMA:7148 GAID:293 MA:0000353 MAT:0000051 MESH:A03.492.766 MIAA:0000051 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjlqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0002121 UMLS:C0038351 VHOG:0000408 XAO:0000128 galen:Stomach stomach chamber uberon Ventricular anterior intestine gaster mesenteron ventriculus UBERON:0000945 stomach A membranous fold of the heart that prevents reflux of fluid One of the four structures within the heart that prevent backflow of blood by opening and closing with each heartbeat. The valves include two semilunar valves, the aortic and pulmonary; the mitral or bicuspid valve; and the tricuspid valve. The valves permit blood flow in only one direction. [TFD][VHOG] Extensive conservation of valve developmental mechanisms also has been observed among vertebrate species including chicken, mouse, and human.[well established][VHOG] Rector et al: One might be tempted to define 'heart valve' equivalently to 'valve in the heart', and 'valve' as a 'structure which functions as a valve'. But this combination results in the 'foramen ovale' being classified as a kind of 'heart valve', since it is undoubtedly located in the heart and functions as a valve BTO:0000564 EMAPA:17869 EV:0100024 FMA:7110 GAID:176 MA:0000086 MESH:D006351 OpenCyc:Mx4rv8oyuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0005065 UMLS:C0018826 VHOG:0000818 XAO:0004126 ZFA:0005065 galen:HeartValve heart valve valve of heart uberon cardiac valve heart valve heart valves stomodaeal valve UBERON:0000946 cardial valve The main trunk of the systemic arterial system that carries blood from the heart to all the organs and other structures of the body, bringing oxygenated blood to all parts of the body in the systemic circulation This class is currently a mixed bag, encompassing (1) the entirety of the mammalian aorta together with (2) the developmental and phylogenetic homologs of its segments: the ventral aorta and dorsal aortae. The main artery of the circulatory system which carries oxygenated blood from the heart to all the arteries of the body except those of the lungs.[AAO] When vertebrates first appeared, they must have possessed a ventral and dorsal aorta with aortic arches between them.[well established][VHOG] aortic All amniotes have a broadly similar arrangement to that of humans, albeit with a number of individual variations. In fish, however, there are two separate vessels referred to as aortas. The ventral aorta carries de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the gills; part of this vessel forms the ascending aorta in tetrapods (the remainder forms the pulmonary artery). A second, dorsal aorta carries oxygenated blood from the gills to the rest of the body, and is homologous with the descending aorta of tetrapods. The two aortas are connected by a number of vessels, one passing through each of the gills. Amphibians also retain the fifth connecting vessel, so that the aorta has two parallel arches AAO:0010213 BTO:0000135 CALOHA:TS-0046 EFO:0000265 EMAPA:18601 EV:0100027 FMA:3734 GAID:469 MA:0000062 MAT:0000035 MESH:D001011 MIAA:0000035 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjvTpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0003483 VHOG:0001523 XAO:0003010 galen:Aorta trunk of aortic tree trunk of systemic arterial tree dorsal aorta uberon arteria maxima UBERON:0000947 aorta A myogenic muscular circulatory organ found in the vertebrate cardiovascular system composed of chambers of cardiac muscle. It is the primary circulatory organ. Blood pumping organ composed of four chambers: sinus venosus, atrium, cardiac ventricle and bulbus arteriosus.[TAO] Part of the circulatory system responsible for pumping blood; composed of three chambers--two atria and one ventricle.[AAO] relationship type change: differentiates_from lateral plate mesoderm (AAO:0010574) CHANGED TO: develops_from lateral plate mesoderm (UBERON:0003081)[AAO] As noted, the hearts of birds and mammals have four chambers that arises from the two chambers (atrium and ventricle) of the fish heart.[well established][VHOG] cardiac AAO:0010210 BILA:0000020 BTO:0000562 CALOHA:TS-0445 EFO:0000815 EHDAA2:0000738 EHDAA:420 EMAPA:16105 EV:0100018 FMA:7088 GAID:174 MA:0000072 MAT:0000036 MESH:D006321 MIAA:0000036 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjvDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000114 UMLS:C0018787 VHOG:0000276 XAO:0000064 ZFA:0000114 galen:Heart chambered heart vertebrate heart branchial heart uberon Herz@de cardium UBERON:0000948 Taxon notes:" the ascidian tube-like heart lacks chambers....The ascidian heart is formed after metamorphosis as a simple tube-like structure with a single-layered myoepithelium that is continuous with a single-layered pericar- dial wall. It lacks chambers and endocardium.... The innovation of the chambered heart was a key event in vertebrate evolution, because the chambered heart generates one-way blood flow with high pressure, a critical requirement for the efficient blood supply of large-body vertebrates... all extant vertebrates have hearts with two or more chambers (Moorman and Christoffels 2003)" http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.1485706 heart Anatomical system that consists of the glands and parts of glands that produce endocrine secretions and help to integrate and control bodily metabolic activity. Anatomical system containing glands which regulates bodily functions though the secretion of hormones.[AAO] Multicellular organisms have complex endocrine systems, allowing responses to environmental stimuli, regulation of development, reproduction, and homeostasis. Nuclear receptors (NRs), a metazoan-specific family of ligand-activated transcription factors, play central roles in endocrine responses, as intermediates between signaling molecules and target genes. The NR family includes ligand-bound and orphan receptors, that is, receptors with no known ligand or for which there is no ligand Pocket. Understanding NR evolution has been further improved by comparison of several completed genomes, particularly those of deuterostomes and ecdysozoans. In contrast, evolution of NR ligands is still much debated. One hypothesis proposes that several independent gains and losses of ligand-binding ability in NRs occurred in protostomes and deuterostomes. A second hypothesis, pertaining to the NR3 subfamily (vertebrate steroid hormone receptors and estrogen related receptor), proposes that before the divergence of protostomes and deuterostomes, there was an ancestral steroid receptor (AncSR) that was ligand-activated and that orphan receptors secondarily lost the ability to bind a ligand. (...) Our analysis reveals that steroidogenesis has been independently elaborated in the 3 main bilaterian lineages (...).[well established][VHOG] endocrine AAO:0010279 CALOHA:TS-1301 EFO:0002969 EHDAA2:0002224 EMAPA:35306 EV:0100128 FBbt:00005068 FMA:9668 GAID:439 MA:0000012 MESH:D004703 TAO:0001158 UMLS:C0014136 VHOG:0000098 XAO:0000158 ZFA:0001158 endocrine glandular system endocrine system systema endocrinum uberon UBERON:0000949 endocrine system The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals. Some primitive animals such as jellyfish and starfish have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all. In vertebrates, the brain is located in the head, protected by the skull and close to the primary sensory apparatus of vision, hearing, balance, taste, and smell[WP]. requires review for applicability to invertebrate structures, e.g. synganglion Cavitated compound organ which is comprised of gray and white matter and surrounds the cerebral ventricular system.[TAO] Part of the central nervous system situated within the cranium and composed of both nerve cell bodies and nerve fibers.[AAO] The part of the central nervous system contained within the cranium, comprising the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain, and metencephalon. It is derived from the anterior part of the embryonic neural tube (or the encephalon). Does not include retina. (CUMBO) (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010478 ABA:Brain BAMS:Br BAMS:Brain BILA:0000135 BTO:0000142 CALOHA:TS-0095 DHBA:10155 EFO:0000302 EHDAA2:0000183 EHDAA:2641 EHDAA:6485 EMAPA:16894 EV:0100164 FBbt:00005095 FMA:50801 GAID:571 HBA:4005 MA:0000168 MAT:0000098 MESH:D001921 MIAA:0000098 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjT65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA PBA:3999 TAO:0000008 UMLS:C0006104 UMLS:C1269537 VHOG:0000157 XAO:0000010 ZFA:0000008 galen:Brain http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=21 uberon encephalon suprasegmental levels of nervous system suprasegmental structures synganglion the brain UBERON:0000955 brain Middle part of an organ, surrounded by the cortex. this class is used in a very general sense medullary FMA:61108 galen:Medulla medulla uberon UBERON:0000958 medulla of organ The cervical nerves are the spinal nerves from the cervical vertebrae. Although there are seven cervical vertebrae (C1-C7), there are eight cervical nerves (C1-C8). All nerves except C8 emerge above their corresponding vertebrae, while the C8 nerve emerges below the C7 vertebra. (In the other portions of the spine, the nerve emerges below the vertebra with the same name. Dorsal (posterior) distribution includes the greater occipital (C2) and third occipital (C3). Ventral (anterior) distribution includes the cervical plexus (C1-C4) and brachial plexus (C5-C8) [WP,unvetted]. BAMS:cern FMA:5859 UMLS:C0228815 cervical nerve cervical nerve tree cervical spinal nerve nervus cervicalis uberon UBERON:0000962 Innervates: sternohyoid muscle, sternothyroid muscle, omohyoid muscle[WP] nerve of cervical vertebra the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that serves as the chief refractory structure corneal Compared to terrestial animals, the cornea of zebrafish is relatively flat. It consists of nonpigmented, stratified squamous nonkeratinizing epithelial cells, attached to a thick basement membrane that is considered to be analogous to the Bowman's membrane in mammals. In fish, and aquatic vertebrates in general, the cornea plays no role in focusing light, since it has virtually the same refractive index as water AAO:0010344 BTO:0000286 CALOHA:TS-0171 EFO:0000377 EHDAA2:0000316 EHDAA:10199 EMAPA:17161 EV:0100341 FMA:58238 GAID:892 MA:0000266 MESH:D003315 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViBa5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000640 UMLS:C0010031 VHOG:0000164 XAO:0000180 ZFA:0000640 cornea of camera-type eye uberon corneas tunica cornea UBERON:0000964 cornea Transparent part of camera-type eye that helps to refract light to be focused on the retina. The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG] This class excludes compound eye corneal lenses. AAO:0010348 BTO:0000723 CALOHA:TS-0545 EHDAA:9057 EMAPA:17838 EV:0100343 FMA:58241 MA:0000275 MAT:0000141 MESH:A09.371.509 MIAA:0000141 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVj0fZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000975 TAO:0000035 UMLS:C0023317 VHOG:0000169 XAO:0000008 ZFA:0000035 camera-type eye lens eye lens lens lens crystallina uberon crystalline lens lenses ocular lens UBERON:0000965 The lens is avascular and nourished by diffusion from the aqueous and vitreous lens of camera-type eye The retina is the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. The portion of the eye developing from the optic primordium and including the neural retina and the retinal pigment layer. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG] retinal AAO:0010352 BAMS:R BTO:0001175 CALOHA:TS-0865 EFO:0000832 EHDAA2:0001627 EHDAA:4757 EMAPA:17168 EV:0100348 FMA:58301 GAID:755 MA:0000276 MAT:0000142 MBA:304325711 MESH:D012160 MIAA:0000142 NIFSTD_RETIRED:birnlex_1156 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViTfpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000152 UMLS:C0035298 UMLS:C1278894 VHOG:0000229 XAO:0000009 ZFA:0000152 inner layer of eyeball retina of camera-type eye tunica interna of eyeball uberon Netzhaut retinas UBERON:0000966 Currently this class encompasses only verteberate AOs but could in theory also include cephalopod - we may want to make a more specific class for vertebrate retina. note that this class excludes ommatidial retinas, as the retina must be part of an eyeball. Use the parent class photoreceptor array / light-sensitive tissue for arthropods retina An organ that detects light. This class encompasses a variety of light-detecting structures from different phyla with no implication of homology, from the compound insect eye to the vertebrate camera-type eye (distinct classes are provided for each) ocular optic Note that whilst this is classified as an organ, it is in fact more of a unit composed of different structures: in Drosophila, it includes the interommatidial bristle as a part; we consider here the vertebrate eye to include the eyeball/eye proper as a part, with the eye having as parts (when present): eyelids, conjuctiva, BILA:0000017 BTO:0000439 CALOHA:TS-0309 EFO:0000827 EV:0100336 FBbt:00005162 GAID:69 MAT:0000140 MESH:D005123 MIAA:0000140 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViTvpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA uberon light-detecting organ visual apparatus UBERON:0000970 eye An organism subdivision that extends from the head to the pectoral girdle, encompassing the cervical vertebral column. true necks are considered to be present when the pectoral girdle is separate from the skull - Tiktaalik is the earliest known fish to have a true neck. cervical AEO:0000108 BTO:0000420 CALOHA:TS-2045 EFO:0000967 EHDAA2:0003108 EMAPA:35587 FMA:7155 GAID:86 MA:0000024 MAT:0000297 MESH:D009333 MIAA:0000297 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjLF5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0027530 galen:Neck uberon collum neck (volume) UBERON:0000974 neck The invaginated serous membrane that surrounds the lungs (the visceral portion) and lines the walls of the pleural cavity (parietal portion). The serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the pleural cavity. [Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL, The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.264][VHOG] pleural In MA, is_a cavity lining (which we equate to parietal). In FMA, is_a (viscous) serous membrane (which includes mesothelium plus connective tissue). Note the MA structure should probably be associated with the mesothelium of pleura in FMA. JB/EHDAA2 argues the term 'pleura' is best used for the mesothelial lining (thus excluding connective tissue). See https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/86 BTO:0001791 CALOHA:TS-2081 EFO:0001980 EMAPA:16775 EV:0100044 FMA:9583 GAID:360 MA:0000433 MESH:D010994 OpenCyc:Mx4rv3zwLZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0032225 VHOG:0000394 wall of pleural sac uberon pleura pleural tissue UBERON:0000977 pleura The portion of the hindlimb that contains both the stylopod and zeugopod. Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG] The term leg can mean: [1] an appendage on which an animal walks [2] the entire hindlimb of a tetrapod [3] the segment of a human leg between knee and ankle (cf FMA) [4] the region of a hindlimb include the stylopod and zeugopod, but excluding the autopod. We define this class as [4], and thus 'leg' is compltely analagous to 'arm'. For [1], see the class 'locomotive weight-bearing appendage'. For [2] we use 'hindlimb'. For BTO:0000721 CALOHA:TS-2206 EFO:0001411 EHDAA2:0000972 EHDAA:5151 EHDAA:6176 EHDAA:8289 EMAPA:17489 GAID:49 MA:0000047 MESH:D035002 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViYzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA VHOG:0000345 tetrapod leg uberon lower extremity UBERON:0000978 we use the less open to misinterpretation 'hindlimb zeugopod'. Editor note: currently declared as overlapping foot, as AOs disagree over whether some ankle parts are in the leg or foot leg Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent skeletal structures, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue[VSAO]. Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue.[VSAO] Anatomical cluster which consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue.[TAO] articulation joint AEO:0000182 BTO:0001686 CALOHA:TS-2023 EFO:0000948 EMAPA:35456 FMA:7490 GAID:102 MA:0000319 MAT:0000188 MESH:D007596 MIAA:0000188 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjjdpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003182 TAO:0000367 UMLS:C0022417 VHOG:0001276 VSAO:0000101 XAO:0000171 ZFA:0001596 galen:Joint uberon articular joint joints UBERON:0000982 skeletal joint Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with reproduction. consider splitting genitalia from reproductive system Anatomical system which consists of organs and tissues associated with sexual reproduction of the organism.[AAO] Arguably, one of the most important aspects of urbilaterian organogenesis would have been gonadogenesis, since Urbilateria must have successfully generated gametes and developed a strategy for extrusion and fertilization, in order to be the ancestor of all living Bilateria.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010258 BILA:0000103 BTO:0000081 CALOHA:TS-1318 EFO:0000809 EHDAA2:0001603 EHDAA:5923 EMAPA:17381 EV:0100100 FBbt:00004857 FMA:7160 GAID:363 HAO:0000374 HAO:0000895 MA:0000326 MIAA:0000305 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVja4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000632 UMLS:C1261210 VHOG:0000182 WBbt:0005747 XAO:0000142 ZFA:0000632 uberon Geschlechtsorgan animal reproductive system genital system genital tract genitalia organa genitalia reproductive tissue reproductive tract systemata genitalia UBERON:0000990 reproductive system Reproductive organ that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testis). Anatomical structure which produces gametes as well as certain sex hormones controlled by the pituitary gonadotropins.[AAO] The part of the reproductive system that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testis).[TAO] Examination of different vertebrate species shows that the adult gonad is remarkably similar in its morphology across different phylogenetic classes. Surprisingly, however, the cellular and molecular programs employed to create similar organs are not evolutionarily conserved.[uncertain][VHOG] gonadal FMA xref is a 'general anatomical term' AAO:0000213 BILA:0000123 BSA:0000079 BTO:0000534 EMAPA:16857 EMAPA:17383 FBbt:00004858 FMA:18250 GAID:368 HAO:0000379 MA:0002420 MESH:D006066 OpenCyc:Mx4rwQvdiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000413 UMLS:C0018067 VHOG:0000397 WBbt:0005175 XAO:0003146 ZFA:0000413 gonada uberon gonads UBERON:0000991 gonad the gonad of a female organism which contains germ cells Either of paired female reproductive organs involved in production of ova and female sex hormones.[AAO] Female reproductive organ.[TAO] (...) while it is likely that Urbilateria lacked a complex somatic reproductive system, it is at present impossible to speculate on whether or not it possessed a true gonad, let alone any other somatic adaptations for reproduction (reference 1); Examination of different vertebrate species shows that the adult gonad is remarkably similar in its morphology across different phylogenetic classes. Surprisingly, however, the cellular and molecular programs employed to create similar organs are not evolutionarily conserved (reference 2).[uncertain][VHOG] ovarian Ovaries of some kind are found in the female reproductive system of many animals that employ sexual reproduction, including invertebrates. However, they develop in a very different way in most invertebrates than they do in vertebrates, and are not truly homologous. Many of the features found in human ovaries are common to all vertebrates, including the presence of follicular cells, tunica albuginea, and so on. However, many species produce a far greater number of eggs during their lifetime than do humans, so that, in fish and amphibians, there may be hundreds, or even millions of fertile eggs present in the ovary at any given time. In these species, fresh eggs may be developing from the germinal epithelium throughout life. Corpora lutea are found only in mammals, and in some elasmobranch fish; in other species, the remnants of the follicle are quickly resorbed by the ovary. In birds, reptiles, and monotremes, the egg is relatively large, filling the follicle, and distorting the shape of the ovary at maturity. Amphibians and reptiles have no ovarian medulla; the central part of the ovary is a hollow, lymph-filled space. The ovary of teleosts is also often hollow, but in this case, the eggs are shed into the cavity, which opens into the oviduct. Although most normal female vertebrates have two ovaries, this is not the case in all species. In birds and platypuses, the right ovary never matures, so that only the left is functional. In some elasmobranchs, the reverse is true, with only the right ovary fully developing. In the primitive jawless fish, and some teleosts, there is only one ovary, formed by the fusion of the paired organs in the embryo AAO:0000371 BILA:0000125 BSA:0000080 BTO:0000975 CALOHA:TS-0730 EFO:0000973 EHDAA2:0001360 EHDAA:8124 EMAPA:17962 EV:0100111 FBbt:00004865 FMA:7209 GAID:367 MA:0000384 MESH:D010053 MIAA:0000125 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi9QJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000403 UMLS:C0029939 VHOG:0000251 XAO:0000258 ZFA:0000403 female organism genitalia gonad female organism genitalia gonada female organism reproductive system gonad female organism reproductive system gonada female reproductive system gonad female reproductive system gonada genitalia of female organism gonad genitalia of female organism gonada gonad of female organism genitalia gonad of female organism reproductive system gonad of female reproductive system gonad of genitalia of female organism gonad of reproductive system of female organism gonada of female organism genitalia gonada of female organism reproductive system gonada of female reproductive system gonada of genitalia of female organism gonada of reproductive system of female organism ovary ovum-producing ovary reproductive system of female organism gonad reproductive system of female organism gonada uberon ovaries ovarium UBERON:0000992 female gonad A tube or collection of tubes in an animal from the ovaries to the outside of the body. sometimes oviduct is used interchangeably with follaopian tube. Here they are different - the oviduct connects the gonad to the outside in a variety of animals. The mammal-class fallopian tube is derived from the mullerian duct and connects the gonads/infubdibulum to the uterus A passage through which ova leave the maternal body or pass to an organ communicating with the exterior of the body. [TFD][VHOG] In all remaining vertebrates (i.e., coelacanths, lungfishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals), the oviduct arises in ontogeny as a longitudinal, groovelike invagination of the coelomic epithelium on the lateral surface of the mesonephros.[well established][VHOG] The only female vertebrates to lack oviducts are the jawless fishes. In these species, the single fused ovary releases eggs directly into the body cavity. The fish eventually extrudes the eggs through small genital pores towards the rear of the body[WP] in birds divided into infundibulum, magnum, isthmus, uterus, and vagina AAO:0010533 BSA:0000083 BTO:0000980 EFO:0000974 EMAPA:18984 GAID:366 MAT:0000126 MESH:D010057 MIAA:0000126 TAO:0000560 UMLS:C0029954 VHOG:0001136 XAO:0003052 ZFA:0000560 ovarian duct ovarian tube uterine tube uberon female reproductive tracts oviducts tuba uterina tuba uterinae tubular parts of female reproductive system UBERON:0000993 oviduct the female muscular organ of gestation in which the developing embryo or fetus is nourished until birth The hollow muscular organ in female mammals in which the blastocyst normally becomes embedded and in which the developing embryo and fetus is nourished. Its cavity opens into the vagina below and into a uterine tube on either side. [TFD][VHOG] An infundibulum, uterine tube, uterus, and vagina also differentiate along the oviducts of eutherian mammals.[well established][VHOG] uterine Most animals that lay eggs, such as birds and reptiles, have an oviduct instead of a uterus. In monotremes, mammals which lay eggs and include the platypus, either the term uterus or oviduct is used to describe the same organ, but the egg does not develop a placenta within the mother and thus does not receive further nourishment after formation and fertilization. Marsupials have two uteruses, each of which connect to a lateral vagina and which both use a third, middle 'vagina' which functions as the birth canal. Marsupial embryos form a choriovitelline 'placenta' (which can be thought of as something between a monotreme egg and a 'true' placenta), in which the egg's yolk sac supplies a large part of the embryo's nutrition but also attaches to the uterine wall and takes nutrients from the mother's bloodstream. Two uteruses usually form initially in a female fetus, and in placental mammals they may partially or completely fuse into a single uterus depending on the species. In many species with two uteruses, only one is functional. Humans and other higher primates such as chimpanzees, along with horses, usually have a single completely fused uterus, although in some individuals the uteruses may not have completely fused [Wikipedia:Uterus] BTO:0001424 CALOHA:TS-1102 EFO:0000975 EMAPA:29915 EV:0100113 FMA:17558 GAID:172 MA:0000389 MAT:0000127 MESH:D014599 MIAA:0000127 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViojJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0042149 VHOG:0001137 galen:Uterus uberon UBERON:0000995 uterus A fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles[WP]. Organ with organ cavity which connects the cervical canal of uterus to the vestibule of vagina.[FMA] The genital canal in the female, leading from the opening of the vulva to the cervix of the uterus. [TFD][VHOG] The distal end of the oviducts differentiates as a vagina in Metatheria and Eutheria.[well established][VHOG] vaginal 'The distal end of the oviducts differentiates as a vagina in Metatheria and Eutheria.' Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective, Third Edition (2001) Orlando Fla.: Harcourt College Publishers, p.688 BTO:0000243 CALOHA:TS-1103 EFO:0000976 EMAPA:18986 EV:0100117 FMA:19949 GAID:381 MA:0000394 MAT:0000128 MESH:D014621 MIAA:0000128 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVj1B5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0042232 VHOG:0001138 galen:Vagina uberon distal oviductal region distal portion of oviduct vaginae UBERON:0000996 vagina The outer epithelial layer of the skin that is superficial to the dermis. A cellular, multilayered epithelium derived from the ectoderm. Zebrafish epidermis consists only of living cells unlike terrestrial vertebrates in which dead, keratinized cells are present. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO] The outer epithelial layer of the external integument of the body that is derived from the embryonic epiblast.[AAO] relationship loss: subclass external integument structures (AAO:0000961)[AAO] (...) outer epithelia in all metazoan animals are homologous. (...) The ancestor of all metazoans likely had an epidermis with a basal extracellular matrix (ECM), an apical extracellular glycocalyx, and one cilium with a striated rootlet per cell.[well established][VHOG] epidermal Zebrafish epidermis consists only of living cells unlike terrestrial vertebrates in which dead, keratinized cells are present. In terrestrial vertebrates the epidermis often forms an outer keratinized or cornified layer, the stratum corneum. Interaction between the epideris and dermis gives rise to feathers (birds), hair and mammary glands (mammals), teeth and scales (placoid: chondrichthyans; cosmoids, ganoid, cycloid in bony fishes). epidermis skin AAO:0000143 BTO:0000404 CALOHA:TS-0283 EFO:0000954 EMAPA:17528 EV:0100153 FMA:70596 GAID:932 MA:0000153 MAT:0000154 MESH:D004817 MIAA:0000154 TAO:0000105 UMLS:C0014520 VHOG:0000077 XAO:0000028 ZFA:0000105 vertebrate epidermis uberon UBERON:0001003 skin epidermis Functional system which consists of structures involved in respiration. The anatomical system in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the organism and its environment.[AAO] There is no doubt that the primitive pattern of vertebrate air-breathing is the buccal pulse pump found in actinopterygian fishes.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0000541 BTO:0000203 CALOHA:TS-1319 EFO:0000804 EHDAA2:0001604 EHDAA:2203 EMAPA:16727 EV:0100036 FMA:7158 GAID:78 MA:0000327 MAT:0000030 MESH:D012137 MIAA:0000030 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjzFJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000272 UMLS:C0035237 VHOG:0000202 XAO:0000117 ZFA:0000272 apparatus respiratorius respiratory system uberon Atmungssystem apparatus respiratorius systema respiratorium UBERON:0001004 respiratory system An airway through which respiratory air passes in organisms. This class generically groups trachea and analagous structures throughout metazoa. Consider renaming, as the term could be taken to mean lumen of tracheal system (e.g. in SNOMED). As a grouping class this is quite vague, as it is not clear where the airway begins and ends airway airways FMA:265130 uberon UBERON:0001005 respiratory airway Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs devoted to the ingestion, digestion, and assimilation of food and the discharge of residual wastes. An anatomical system consisting of the alimentary canal and digestive glands responsible for intake, absorption, digestion and excretion of food.[AAO] digestive many anatomy ontologies consider gastrointestinal system synonymous with digestive system. here we follow MA in dividing digestive system into gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary. hepatobiliary includes the liver and biliary tract. species-specific AO classes are categorized according to whether liver is included. For example, XAO includes liver as part of XAO:0000125 alimentary system, so we assume this class is the more generic class AAO:0000129 BILA:0000082 BTO:0000058 CALOHA:TS-1293 EFO:0000793 EV:0100056 FBbt:00005055 FMA:7152 GAID:278 MA:0002431 MAT:0000018 MESH:D004064 MIAA:0000018 TADS:0000170 TAO:0000339 WBbt:0005748 XAO:0000125 ZFA:0000339 galen:DigestiveSystem ncithesaurus:Digestive_System uberon alimentary system alimentary tract gastrointestinal system gut UBERON:0001007 digestive system The renal system in an anatomical system that maintains fluid balance and contributes to electrolyte balance, acid/base balance, and disposal of nitrogenous waste products.. In various sources such as Encyclopedia Britannica, the excretory and urinary systems are indeed the same system (see wikipedia talk page); we merge two BTO classes here An anatomical system which consists of organs and tissues which produce, store, and excrete urine.[AAO] Evolution of vertebrate renal anatomy appears quite conservative when compared, for example, to evolution of respiratory and cardiovascular systems in vertebrates. Major anatomical changes in vertebrates kidneys separate those of birds and mammals from kidneys of lower vertebrates. General increase in animal size from fish to mammals is reflected by an increase in total number of nephrons per kidney, rather than by constant change in tubular dimensions.[well established][VHOG] In humans, the renal system comprises a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, sphincter muscle and associated blood vessels This definition is inclusive of the organs of the vertebrate renal system, as well as the Malpighian tubules of insects, and allows for future incorporation of structures such as the antennal glands of crustaceans AAO:0010257 BILA:0000015 BTO:0001244 BTO:0003092 CALOHA:TS-1323 EFO:0000803 EHDAA2:0001601 EHDAA:5901 EMAPA:17366 EV:0100095 FBbt:00005056 FMA:7159 GAID:391 MA:0000325 MAT:0000027 MESH:D014551 MIAA:0000027 TADS:0000162 TAO:0000163 UMLS:C1508753 VHOG:0000723 WBbt:0005736 XAO:0000143 ZFA:0000163 galen:UrinaryTract excretory system renal system systema urinaria systema urinarium urinary system urinary tract uberon renal or urinary system renal/urinary system UBERON:0001008 renal system organ system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis[WP]. the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system are parts of the circulatory system Anatomical system of ion binding, a pumping mechanism, and an efficient vascular system; consisting of the blood, heart, and blood and lymph vessels, respectively.[AAO] We should divest ourselves of the view that earlier vertebrate groups were 'on their way' to becoming mammals, as clearly they were not such visionaries. Neither were their systems 'imperfect' as earlier anatomists thought. Instead, their circulatory systems served them well to address the ecological demands arising from their lifestyles.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0000959 CALOHA:TS-2103 FBbt:00005057 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjzG5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA VHOG:0001248 uberon systema cardiovasculare UBERON:0001009 circulatory system Portion of connective tissue composed of adipocytes enmeshed in areolar tissue Connective tissue in which fat is stored.[TAO] Tissue that contains adipocytes, used for cushioning, thermal insulation, lubrication (primarily in the pericardium) and energy storage.[AAO] relationship loss: subclass connective tissue proper (AAO:0000099)[AAO] Adipose tissue is unique to vertebrates. It is found in mostmammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians, and a variety is found in some species of fish. Furthermore, in insects the fat body found in larvae as well as in adults shares some homology with adipose tissue.[well established][VHOG] adipose In humans, adipose tissue is located beneath the skin (subcutaneous fat), around internal organs (visceral fat), in bone marrow (yellow bone marrow) and in breast tissue. Adipose tissue is found in specific locations, which are referred to as adipose depots. Adipose tissue contains several cell types, with the highest percentage of cells being adipocytes, which contain fat droplets. Other cell types include fibroblasts, macrophages, and endothelial cells. Adipose tissue contains many small blood vessels.; Mice have eight major adipose depots, four of which are within the abdominal cavity. The paired gonadal depots are attached to the uterus and ovaries in females and the epididymis and testes in males; the paired retroperitoneal depots are found along the dorsal wall of the abdomen, surrounding the kidney, and, when massive, extend into the pelvis. The mesenteric depot forms a glue-like web that supports the intestines, and the omental depot, which originates near the stomach and spleen, and, when massive, extends into the ventral abdomen. in FMA this is dense irregular connective tissue AAO:0000001 AEO:000020 BTO:0001487 CALOHA:TS-0013 EFO:0000790 EHDAA2:0003120 EMAPA:35112 EV:0100381 FMA:20110 GAID:920 MA:0000009 MAT:0000015 MESH:D000273 MIAA:0000015 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjc_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0002134 UMLS:C0001527 VHOG:0001284 XAO:0003049 ZFA:0005345 galen:FattyTissue fat fat tissue fatty tissue uberon adipose bodyfat fatty depot UBERON:0001013 adipose tissue A subdivision of the muscular system corresponding to a subdisivision of an organism. In FMA this is classified as a set of organs. ZFA musculature system has subtypes, so it is classified here. WBbt muscular system has subtypes so it goes here. Note that we use the MA term set of skeletal muscles here as it seems most appropriate (*not* MA:musculature). AAO is generally confused here. AAO:0011066 BTO:0000887 EFO:0001949 EMAPA:32715 EMAPA:35577 FMA:32558 MA:0000165 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjmr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000548 UMLS:C0026845 VSAO:0005038 WBbt:0005737 ZFA:0000548 muscle group muscles set musculature musculi set of muscles set of skeletal muscles uberon muscle system muscles musculature system UBERON:0001015 musculature The nervous system is an organ system containing predominantly neuron and glial cells. In bilaterally symmetrical organism, it is arranged in a network of tree-like structures connected to a central body. The main functions of the nervous system are to regulate and control body functions, and to receive sensory input, process this information, and generate behavior [CUMBO]. A regulatory system of the body that consists of neurons and neuroglial cells. The nervous system is divided into two parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO] Anatomical system consisting of nerve bodies and nerve fibers which regulate the response of the body to external and internal stimuli.[AAO] Nervous systems evolved in the ancestor of Eumetazoa.[well established][VHOG] nervous neural AAO:0000324 BILA:0000079 BTO:0001484 CALOHA:TS-1313 EFO:0000802 EHDAA2:0001246 EHDAA:826 EMAPA:16469 EV:0100162 FBbt:00005093 FMA:7157 GAID:466 MA:0000016 MAT:0000026 MESH:D009420 MIAA:0000026 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViT_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000396 UMLS:C0027763 VHOG:0000402 WBbt:0005735 XAO:0000177 ZFA:0000396 neurological system nerve net uberon systema nervosum UBERON:0001016 nervous system The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the neural tube derivatives: the brain and spinal cord. In invertebrates it includes central ganglia plus nerve cord. Part of the nervous system which includes the brain and spinal cord.[AAO] The brain and spinal cord. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system which includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerve cell layer of the retina (CUMBO). (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2); Taken together, our data make a very strong case that the complex molecular mediolateral architecture of the developing trunk CNS (central nervous system), as shared between Platynereis and vertebrates, was already present in their last common ancestor, Urbilateria. The concept of bilaterian nervous system centralization implies that neuron types concentrate on one side of the trunk, as is the case in vertebrates and many invertebrates including Platynereis, where they segregate and become spatially organized (as opposed to a diffuse nerve net). Our data reveal that a large part of the spatial organization of the annelid and vertebrate CNS was already present in their last common ancestor, which implies that Urbilateria had already possessed a CNS (reference 3).[well established][VHOG] AAO:0000090 BAMS:CNS BILA:0000080 BTO:0000227 CALOHA:TS-0150 EFO:0000908 EHDAA2:0000225 EHDAA:828 EMAPA:16470 EMAPA:16754 EV:0100163 FBbt:00005094 FMA:55675 GAID:570 MA:0000167 MAT:0000457 MESH:D002490 OpenCyc:Mx4rvzYt3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000012 UMLS:C0927232 VHOG:0000293 XAO:0000215 ZFA:0000012 CNS systema nervosum centrale cerebrospinal axis uberon neuraxis UBERON:0001017 central nervous system A slender neuron projection bundle[FBbt]; A bundle of anatomical fibers, as of muscle or nerve (American Heritage Dictionary 4th ed). note FBbt class not disjoint from tract. Consider merging with 'neuron projection bundle' fascicle BTO:0002191 EMAPA:36605 FBbt:00005101 FMA:12235 TGMA:0000088 UMLS:C1185741 fasciculus nerve bundle nerve fasciculus neural fasciculus uberon nerve fiber tract UBERON:0001019 nerve fasciculus An enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system originating in a nerve root in the central nervous system (or a condensed nervous structure) connecting with peripheral structures. A portion of tissue which is a fasiculated group of axons.[TAO] nervous AAO:0011070 AEO:0000137 BAMS:n BSA:0000098 BTO:0000925 BTO:0001027 CALOHA:TS-0772 EHDAA2:0003137 EHDAA:2851 EHDAA:3776 EHDAA:4657 EMAPA:32808 EMAPA:32815 EV:0100371 FBbt:00005105 FMA:65132 FMA:65239 GAID:747 GAID:758 MA:0000217 MA:0000228 MESH:D010525 OpenCyc:Mx4rwP3lkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0007009 UMLS:C0027740 UMLS:C0031119 VHOG:0000901 XAO:0000204 XAO:0003047 ZFA:0007009 galen:Nerve nerves peripheral nerve uberon neural subtree UBERON:0001021 nerve Anatomical system that overlaps the nervous system and is responsible for receiving and processing sensory information. An early step in the evolution of neural crest, therefore, may have been the origin of a specific dorsal neural cell population contributing to sensory processing; this would predate the divergence of the amphioxus and vertebrate lineages.[well established][VHOG] note the distinct between entire sensory system and individual system. this reconciles is_a and part_of distinctions between ssAOs AAO:0000555 BAMS:SEN BILA:0000099 EFO:0000805 EHDAA2:0003094 EMAPA:16192 FBbt:00005827 FMA:75259 MA:0002442 MAT:0000031 MIAA:0000031 TAO:0000282 VHOG:0001674 XAO:0003194 ZFA:0000282 organa sensuum sense organ subsystem sense organs sense organs set sensory subsystem sensory systems uberon organa sensuum sensory organ system set of sense organs UBERON:0001032 sensory system The sensory system for the sense of taste. The sensory system for the sense of taste[NIFSTD:nlx_anat_090803]. The sensory system used for the sense of taste.[AAO] gustatory in ZFA and MA this is a subtype of sensory system. we should change sensory system to disambiguate parts and wholes AAO:0010577 BILA:0000143 EFO:0000830 FMA:7194 MA:0002446 MAT:0000275 MIAA:0000275 TAO:0001101 XAO:0003197 ZFA:0001101 gustatory organ system taste system uberon UBERON:0001033 gustatory system Anterior subdivision of a digestive tract. Note we define this generically to include invertebrates (partly for consistency with GO), but the class may be split in future. In vertebrates the term may refer to a developmental structure The anterior portion of the primitive digestive tube of the embryo that lies cephalic to the junction of the yolk stalk, consists of endodermal tissue, and gives rise to the the pharynx, lower respiratory system, esophagus, stomach, duodenum proximal to the biliary tract, liver, pancreas, biliary tract, and gall bladder. The bilaterian gut is typically a complete tube that opens to the exterior at both ends. It consists of mouth, foregut, midgut, hindgut, and anus (reference 1); Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011042 BILA:0000085 BTO:0000507 EHDAA2:0000557 EHDAA:520 EMAPA:16548 FBbt:00005379 FMA:45616 MA:0001526 TGMA:0001014 UMLS:C0231051 VHOG:0000285 XAO:0000232 uberon praeenteron proenteron UBERON:0001041 foregut A portion of the respiratory and digestive tracts; its distal limit is the superior part of the esophagus and it connects the nasal and oral cavities with the esophagus and larynx; it contains the valleculae and the pyriform recesses; its upper limits are the nasal cavity and cranial base.[FEED]. A funnel-shaped fibromuscular tube that conducts food to the ESOPHAGUS, and air to the LARYNYX and LUNGS. It is located posterior to the NASAL CAVITY; ORAL CAVITY; and LARYNX, and extends from the SKULL BASE to the inferior border of the CRICOID CARTILAGE anteriorly and to the inferior border of the C6 vertebra posteriorly. It is divided into the NASOPHARYNX; OROPHARYNX; and HYPOPHARYNX (laryngopharynx)[MESH:A03.867]. Anatomical cavity bounded by the derivatives of the branchial arches.[AAO] Swollen region of the anterior foregut, posterior to the mouth and anterior to the liver; its walls form the jaws and gills. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] Swollen region of the anterior foregut, posterior to the mouth and anterior to the liver; its walls form the jaws and gills[ZFA:0000056, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576]. The portion of the alimentary canal between the mouth and the oesophagus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] relationship type change: part_of_proxy respiratory system (AAO:0000541) CHANGED TO: develops_from respiratory system (UBERON:0001004)[AAO] relationship type change: part_of_proxy respiratory system (AAO:0000541) CHANGED TO: part_of respiratory system (UBERON:0001004)[AAO] (...) the earliest vertebrates possessed unjointed internal and external branchial arches, and musculature encircling the pharynx.[well established][VHOG] MA/FMA pharynx not part of digestive/alimentary system, we are consistent with this scheme pharynx AAO:0000967 BTO:0001049 CALOHA:TS-0785 EFO:0000836 EHDAA2:0001458 EHDAA:2947 EMAPA:16706 EV:0100065 FMA:46688 GAID:155 MA:0000432 MESH:A03.867 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViv7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000056 UMLS:C0031354 VHOG:0000462 XAO:0003227 ZFA:0000056 galen:Pharynx uberon UBERON:0001042 Consider generalizing to deuterostome pharynx chordate pharynx Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993). Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO] The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG] esophageal esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995) AAO:0000145 ANISEED:1235301 BTO:0000959 CALOHA:TS-0700 EFO:0000835 EHDAA2:0001285 EHDAA:2937 EMAPA:16833 EV:0100069 FMA:7131 GAID:291 MA:0000352 MAT:0000048 MESH:A03.365 MIAA:0000048 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVj9Q5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000204 UMLS:C0014876 VHOG:0000450 XAO:0000127 ZFA:0000204 galen:Esophagus gullet oesophagus uberon UBERON:0001043 esophagus saliva-secreting exocrine glands of the oral cavity[GO] currently we define saliva and salivary glands very generally in functional terms but it may be more appropriate to split this class. From WP: In most vertebrates, saliva does not contain any enzymes, consisting of mucus and water only, and its primary function is to moisten food while eating. As a result, true salivary glands are rarely found in fish or aquatic tetrapods, although there are often individual mucus-secreting cells. Amphibians have a single salivary gland, the intermaxillary gland, located in the forward part of the palate. Reptiles and birds normally have only very small glands on the lips, palate, and base of the mouth, although there are some birds with large glands, which produce a sticky saliva that helps in nest-building. The distinct parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands are only developed in mammals. A gland that produces the saliva. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-25, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG] In air-feeding animals, the lack of water column to lubricate the food has been compensated for by the evolution of the salivary glands. These glands are present only in amniotes and are controlled by the parasympathetic system.[well established][VHOG] The salivary glands in mammals are exocrine glands, glands with ducts, that produce saliva. They also secrete amylase, an enzyme that breaks down starch into maltose. In other organisms such as insects, salivary glands are often used to produce biologically important proteins like silk or glues, and fly salivary glands contain polytene chromosomes that have been useful in genetic research. The salivary glands of some species are modified to produce enzymes; salivary amylase is found in many, but by no means all, bird and mammal species (including humans, as noted above). Furthermore, the venom glands of poisonous snakes, Gila monsters, and some shrews, are modified salivary glands BTO:0001203 CALOHA:TS-0892 EFO:0000859 EHDAA2:0001775 EHDAA:7987 EMAPA:17751 EV:0100059 FBbt:00005382 FMA:9597 GAID:937 MA:0000346 MAT:0000079 MESH:D012469 MIAA:0000079 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjl5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0036098 VHOG:0000376 galen:SalivaryGland salivary gland uberon glandulae salivariae UBERON:0001044 saliva-secreting gland Middle subdivision of a digestive tract[CJM]. In vertebrates: The middle part of the alimentary canal from the stomach, or entrance of the bile duct, to, or including, the large intestine[GO]. Note we define this generically to include invertebrates (partly for consistency with GO), but the class may be split in future. We may explicitly make this a developmental class The bilaterian gut is typically a complete tube that opens to the exterior at both ends. It consists of mouth, foregut, midgut, hindgut, and anus (reference 1); Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] In humans: originates from the foregut at the opening of the bile duct into the duodenum and continues through the small intestine and much of the large intestine until the transition to the hindgut about two-thirds of the way through the transverse colon in FMA this represents an embryonic region. BILA:0000086 BTO:0000863 EFO:0001950 EHDAA2:0001185 EHDAA:983 EMAPA:16255 FBbt:00005383 FMA:45617 MA:0001564 TGMA:0001036 UMLS:C0231052 VHOG:0000290 XAO:0000103 uberon mesenteron UBERON:0001045 midgut The caudalmost subdivision of a digestive tract. Note we define this generically to include invertebrates (partly for consistency with GO), but the class may be split in future (vertebrates have some contribution from NC - https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/The-neural-crest). We may explicitly make this a developmental class the caudal portion of the primitive digestive tube of the embryo The bilaterian gut is typically a complete tube that opens to the exterior at both ends. It consists of mouth, foregut, midgut, hindgut, and anus (reference 1); Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] in FMA this class has no children. In MA it has a single child hindgut epithelium AAO:0011052 BILA:0000087 BTO:0000510 EHDAA2:0000779 EHDAA:975 EMAPA:16715 FBbt:00005384 FMA:45618 MA:0001527 TGMA:0001020 UMLS:C0231053 VHOG:0000459 XAO:0000104 uberon metenteron UBERON:0001046 hindgut Primordia are populations of contiguous cells that are morphologically distinct and already correspond in extent to a later organ/tissue[FBbt, Hartenstein, V. (2004)]. AEO:0000171 BTO:0001886 EFO:0001652 EHDAA2:0003171 FBbt:00005495 FMA:86589 MAT:0000482 UMLS:C0678727 XAO:0003043 uberon bud future organ placode primordia rudiment UBERON:0001048 primordium In the developing vertebrate, the neural tube is the embryo's precursor to the central nervous system, which comprises the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into a closed tube, the neural tube or neural canal (which strictly speaking is the center of the neural tube), the ectodermal wall of which forms the rudiment of the nervous system. [WP,unvetted]. Hollow epithelial tube on dorsal side of the embryo that develops into the central nervous system.[AAO] The dorsal tubular structure in the vertebrate embryo that develops into the brain and spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG] (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG] The mature structure of the neural tube exists when the tube has been segmented into the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain and spinal cord regions. In addition neural crest has budded away from the epithelium AAO:0010617 BTO:0001057 CALOHA:TS-2371 DHBA:10154 EHDAA2:0001254 EHDAA:2869 EHDAA:908 EMAPA:16164 EMAPA:16530 EMAPA:16757 FMA:293882 MAT:0000069 MIAA:0000069 TAO:0001135 UMLS:C0231024 VHOG:0000307 XAO:0003204 ZFA:0001135 uberon neural primordium presumptive central nervous system tubus neuralis UBERON:0001049 neural tube the terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] rectal In the lungfish, sharks and rays the rectum opens into the cloaca which also receives wastes (urine) from the kidneys and material from the reproductive organs. In bony fish the rectum reaches the outside environment through the anus, which is normally situated just in front the urinary and reproductive openings. However in some fish the digestive tract may be curled back on itself, and in the Electric Eel (Electrophorus electricus) the anus is situated in the fish's throat. -- http://www.earthlife.net/fish/digestion.html AAO:0010401 BTO:0001158 CALOHA:TS-1180 EFO:0000848 EHDAA2:0001592 EHDAA:5836 EMAPA:17896 EV:0100081 FMA:14544 GAID:311 MA:0000336 MAT:0000050 MESH:A03.492.411.495.767 MIAA:0000050 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjaU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0034896 VHOG:0001751 XAO:0000238 galen:Rectum terminal portion of intestine uberon intestinum rectum rectal sac terminal portion of large intestine UBERON:0001052 rectum Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. AAO:0010841 AEO:0000000 BILA:0000000 CARO:0000000 EHDAA2:0002229 FBbt:10000000 FBbt_root:00000000 FMA:62955 HAO:0000000 MA:0000001 TAO:0100000 TGMA:0001822 UMLS:C1515976 XAO:0000000 ZFA:0100000 uberon UBERON:0001062 anatomical entity A duct joining the pancreas to the common bile duct to supply pancreatic juices which aid in digestion provided by the exocrine pancreas. The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct just prior to the ampulla of Vater, after which both ducts perforate the medial side of the second portion of the duodenum at the major duodenal papilla. in EHDAA2 this is an epithelium, in FMA the wall consists of epithelium and connective tissue These data show that ducts within the zebrafish pancreas originally arise in situ from isolated progenitor cells rather than arising from reiterative branching of the pancreatic epithelium. This process of pancreatic duct formation in zebrafish may be analogous to the mechanism of duct formation in the mammalian mammary and salivary glands. (...) A related mechanism of duct formation has also been proposed to occur within the mammalian pancreatic epithelium.[uncertain][VHOG] Upon reaching its final destination, the ventral pancreatic bud fuses with the much larger dorsal pancreatic bud. At this point of fusion, the main ducts of the ventral and dorsal pancreatic buds fuse, forming the duct of Wirsung, the main pancreatic duct. UBERON:0005627 pancreatic duct BTO:0002362 EHDAA2:0001396 EHDAA:6905 EMAPA:17510 FMA:16003 GAID:337 MA:0000126 MESH:D010183 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002177 UMLS:C0030288 VHOG:0000256 chief pancreatic duct duct of Wirsung main pancreatic duct uberon canal of Wirsung ductus pancreatis ventralis hepaticopancreatic duct UBERON:0001064 ventral pancreatic duct A vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into the right atrium of the heart. Trunk of systemic vein which is formed by the union of the right common iliac vein and the left common iliac vein and terminates in the right atrium[FMA]. Phylogenetic modifications within this basic pattern of arteries and veins are largely correlated with functional changes. In the transition from water to land, gills gave way to lungs, accompanied by the establishment of a pulmonary circulation. In some fishes and certainly in tetrapods, the cardinal veins become less involved in blood return. Instead, the composite, prominent postcava (posterior vena cava) arose to drain the posterior part of the body and the precava (anterior vena cava) developed to drain the anterior part of the body.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011083 BTO:0002682 EHDAA2:0000611 EMAPA:18416 FMA:10951 GAID:548 MA:0000480 MESH:D014682 UMLS:C0042458 VHOG:0001194 XAO:0000388 galen:InferiorVenaCava inferior caval vein inferior vena cava posterior vena cava uberon caudal vena cava postcava vena cava inferior UBERON:0001072 posterior vena cava A zone of skin that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition]. TODO - distinguish between entire skin of region and arbitrary zone of skin on region FMA:12166 FMA:24756 MA:0000582 UMLS:C0205029 adult head zone of skin head skin head zone of skin zone of skin of adult head zone of skin of head uberon UBERON:0001084 skin of head Excretion that is the output of a kidney kidney excreta from some taxa (e.g. in aves) may not be liquid BTO:0001419 CALOHA:TS-1092 EFO:0001939 EMAPA:36554 ENVO:00002047 FMA:12274 GAID:1189 MA:0002545 MAT:0000058 MESH:D014556 MIAA:0000058 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjGppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0042036 galen:Urine uberon UBERON:0001088 urine Transudate contained in the synovial cavity of joints, and in the cavity of tendon sheaths and bursae. Portion of organism substance that is a clear fluid that occupies the space in synovial joints.[TAO] BTO:0001339 CALOHA:TS-0996 ENVO:02000039 FMA:12277 GAID:265 MA:0002544 MESH:D013582 TAO:0005154 UMLS:C0039097 ZFA:0005154 galen:SynovialFluid joint fluid uberon UBERON:0001090 synovial fluid A thin musculomebranous barrier that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities. Often used for breathing control The diaphragm is a skeletal muscle that is responsible for contraction and expansion of the lungs[GO]. The mammals are characterized by a diaphragm, which separates the thoracic portion of the body cavity from the abdominal region and assists in drawing air into the lungs and forcing it out. Modern reptiles lack a muscular diaphragm and it is reasonable to suppose that the diaphragm developed as a new device that made possible a large degree of oxygen intake for active animals. The change may have taken place during the transition from reptile to mammal (...).[well established][VHOG] phrenic The existence of some membrane separating the pharynx from the stomach can be traced widely among the chordates. Thus amphioxus possesses an atrium by which water exits the pharynx, which has been argued (and disputed) to be homologous to structures in ascidians and hagfishes.[3] The urochordate epicardium separates digestive organs from the pharynx and heart, but the anus returns to the upper compartment to discharge wastes through an outgoing siphon (Thoracic_diaphragm#Comparative_anatomy_and_evolution) barrier between thoracic and abdominal cavities; stop gastric contents from refluxing into the oesophagus breathing control originate from the cervical somites, likely C3-C5[PMID:23586979] BTO:0000341 CALOHA:TS-0198 EFO:0000937 EHDAA2:0003495 EMAPA:17701 EV:0100376 FMA:13295 GAID:158 MA:0001904 MAT:0000502 MESH:D003964 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVivz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0011980 VHOG:0000713 diaphragm muscle diaphragm of thorax thoracic diaphragm uberon midriff phren UBERON:0001103 diaphragm Traditional gross anatomy divided the liver into four lobes based on surface features. The falciform ligament is visible on the front (anterior side) of the liver. This divides the liver into a left anatomical lobe, and a right anatomical lobe. some work needs to be done to ensure the child terms of this class have correct isa/partof placement. in MA they are subclasses, in FMA they are parts EMAPA:18306 FMA:13361 MA:0000360 UMLS:C0447541 hepatic lobe liver lobe lobus hepatis uberon UBERON:0001113 lobe of liver The right lobe is much larger than the left; the proportion between them being as six to one. It occupies the right hypochondrium, and is separated from the left lobe on its upper surface by the falciform ligament; on its under and posterior surfaces by the left sagittal fossa; and in front by the umbilical notch. It is of a somewhat quadrilateral form, its under and posterior surfaces being marked by three fossæ: the porta and the fossæ for the gall-bladder and inferior vena cava, which separate its left part into two smaller lobes; the quadrate and caudate lobes. [WP,unvetted]. This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies Portion of the liver which develops on the fish's right side adjacent to the gall bladder.[TAO] EHDAA2:0001008 EHDAA:4001 EMAPA:18311 FMA:13362 MA:0000363 TAO:0005173 UMLS:C0227481 VHOG:0001424 ZFA:0005173 liver right lobe lobus hepaticus dexter right liver lobe uberon 2nd lobe gall bladder lobe lobus hepatis dexter right hepatic lobe second lobe UBERON:0001114 right lobe of liver The left lobe is smaller and more flattened than the right. It is situated in the epigastric and left hypochondriac regions. Its upper surface is slightly convex and is moulded on to the diaphragm; its under surface presents the gastric impression and omental tuberosity. [WP,unvetted]. This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies Portion of the liver which develops on the fish's left side.[TAO] EHDAA2:0001000 EHDAA:3995 EMAPA:18307 FMA:13363 MA:0000361 TAO:0005172 UMLS:C0227486 VHOG:0001423 ZFA:0005172 left liver lobe liver left lobe lobus hepaticus sinister uberon left hepatic lobe lobus hepatis sinister UBERON:0001115 left lobe of liver The parathyroid gland is an endocrine gland for secretion of parathyroid hormone, usually found as a pair, embedded in the connective tissue capsule on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland. Parathyroid regulates calcium and phosphorous metabolism. Any one of several small structures, usually four, attached to the dorsal surfaces of the lateral lobes of the thyroid gland. [TFD][VHOG] Either of the two pairs of small, spherical, encapsulated glands which develop from ventral growths of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches and are closely associated with the external jugular veins. Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone are secreted by these glands.[AAO] The evolution of the tetrapods, and the shift from an aquatic to a terrestrial environment, was believed to have required new controls for regulating calcium homeostasis, and thus the evolution of parathyroid glands (...) both the tetrapod parathyroid and the gills of fish contribute to the regulation of extracellular calcium levels. It is therefore reasonable to suggest that the parathyroid gland evolved as a result of the transformation of the gills into the parathyroid glands of tetrapods and the transition from an aquatic to a terrestrial environment. This interpretation would also explain the positioning of the parathyroid gland within the pharynx in the tetrapod body. Were the parathyroid gland to have emerged de novo with the evolution of the tetrapods it could, as an endocrine organ, have been placed anywhere in the body and still exert its effect.[well established][VHOG] Parathyroid glands are found in all adult tetrapods, although they vary in their number, and in their exact position. Mammals typically have four parathyroids, while other groups typically have six. Fish do not possess parathyroid glands, although the ultimobranchial glands, which are found close to the oesophagus, may have a similar function and could even be homologous with the tetrapod parathyroids. Even these glands are absent in the most primitive vertebrates, the jawless fish, but as these species have no bone in their skeletons, only cartilage, it may be that they have less need to regulate calcium metabolism. The conserved homology of genes and calcium-sensing receptors in fish gills with those in the parathryroid glands of birds and mammals is recognized by evolutionary developmental biology as evolution-using genes and gene networks in novel ways to generate new structures with some similar functions and novel functions[WP] In humans and chick it emerges from pouches 3 and 4, but in mice it is exclusively generated by the third pouch table 13.1 of Kardong is used to create the taxon-specific developmental relationships here, although some omissions are made for simplicity. AAO:0010545 BTO:0000997 CALOHA:TS-0745 EFO:0000862 EMAPA:32812 EV:0100134 FMA:13890 GAID:452 MA:0000128 MAT:0000082 MESH:D010280 MIAA:0000082 UMLS:C0030518 VHOG:0001188 XAO:0000167 parathyroid uberon epithelial body parathyroid secreting cell UBERON:0001132 parathyroid gland Muscle tissue composed of cardiac muscle cells, forming the muscles of the heart[ZFA,modified]. check relationship with myocardium. part_of in MA - but we also have a more specific class 'cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium'. Check ncit UBERON:0007096 AAO:0010245 AEO:0000142 BILA:0000134 BTO:0000199 CALOHA:TS-0440 EHDAA2:0003142 EMAPA:32688 FMA:14068 TAO:0005280 ZFA:0005280 galen:CardiacMuscle galen:CardiacMuscleTissue ncithesaurus:Heart_Muscle cardiac muscle cardiac muscle muscle tissue cardiac muscle textus muscularis heart muscle muscle tissue heart muscle textus muscularis heart myocardium muscle tissue heart myocardium textus muscularis muscle of heart muscle tissue muscle of heart textus muscularis muscle tissue of cardiac muscle muscle tissue of heart muscle muscle tissue of heart myocardium muscle tissue of muscle of heart muscle tissue of myocardium myocardium muscle tissue myocardium textus muscularis textus muscularis of cardiac muscle textus muscularis of heart muscle textus muscularis of heart myocardium textus muscularis of muscle of heart textus muscularis of myocardium uberon cardiac musculature UBERON:0001133 cardiac muscle tissue Muscle tissue that consists primarily of skeletal muscle fibers. TODO - add skeletal muscle organ? See GO:0060538 skeletal muscle organ development. Todo - group FBbt:00005073 - somatic muscle. Muscle, composed of long cylindrical, multinucleated cells that attaches to the skeleton via tendons.[TAO] Tissue which consists of skeletal muscle fibers surrounded by endomysium. Examples: Skeletal muscle tissue of biceps, Skeletal muscle tissue of diaphragm[FMA] This result implies the following views in terms of evolutionary differentiation: (1) Arthropod striated muscle and vertebrate skeletal and cardiac muscles share a common ancestor. In other words, they did not evolve independently (...) (5) The divergence of vertebrate skeletal and cardiac muscles/vertebrate smooth muscle and nonmuscle is at least before that of vertebrates/arthropods. In other words, emergence of skeletal and cardiac musle type tissues preceded the vertebrate/arthropod divergence (ca. 700 MYA).[well established][VHOG] skeletal muscle EMAPA:32716 FMA:14069 MA:0002439 UMLS:C0242692 uberon skeletal muscle system somatic muscle UBERON:0001134 skeletal muscle tissue Muscle tissue which is unstriated, composed primarily of smooth muscle fibers surrounded by a reticulum of collagen and elastic fibers. Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length[GO]. A non-striated muscle that is composed of spindle-shaped cells. Smooth muscle usually is organized into sheets that line cavitated organs.[TAO] Involuntary muscle tissue consisting of uninucleate spindle-shaped fibers.[AAO] (...) the first bilateral animals possessed only smooth muscles with the molecular repertoire necessary to build a striated muscle. (...) it is more parsimonious to regard striated muscle cells as a sister cell type to the smooth muscle cells. In this scenario, striated and smooth muscles would have arisen in the stem lineage that led to the Nephrozoa (i.e. all Bilateria exclusive the acoelomorphs) (Hejnol et al., 2009), from an 'acoel-like' smooth muscle, by segregation and divergence of functions and through differential recruitment of additional genes[well established][VHOG] GO uses visceral and smooth interchangeably. However visceral can also be used in the sense of the viscera. Many fly annotations to smooth muscle terms. If we want to be inclusive of insects have to have a general definition of tissue that includes cells. AAO:0010244 AEO:0000141 BTO:0001260 CALOHA:TS-0943 EFO:0000889 EHDAA2:0003141 EMAPA:32717 EV:0100378 FBbt:00003525 FMA:14070 GAID:167 MA:0000166 MAT:0000303 MESH:D009130 MIAA:0000303 OpenCyc:Mx4rvvSS3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0005274 UMLS:C1267092 VHOG:0001246 WBbt:0005781 XAO:0000175 ZFA:0005274 galen:SmoothMuscle galen:SmoothMuscleTissue involuntary muscle non-striated muscle smooth muscle textus muscularis nonstriatus visceral muscle visceral muscle tissue uberon textus muscularis levis; textus muscularis nonstriatus UBERON:0001135 smooth muscle tissue Simple squamous epithelium of mesodermal origin which lines serous membranes. Examples: mesothelium of pleura, mesothelium of peritoneum[FMA]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ The mesothelium is a membrane that forms the lining of several body cavities: the pleura (thoracal cavity), peritoneum (abdominal cavity including the mesentery) and pericardium (heart sac). Mesothelial tissue also surrounds the male internal reproductive organs (the tunica vaginalis testis) and covers the internal reproductive organs of women (the tunica serosa uteri). AEO:0000111 BTO:0002422 CALOHA:TS-1183 EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003111 EHDAA:2331 EHDAA:2349 EHDAA:295 EHDAA:6073 EHDAA:640 EHDAA:646 EMAPA:32856 FMA:14074 MA:0000565 UMLS:C0086610 uberon UBERON:0001136 mesothelium A major subdivision of an organism that is the entire part of the organism dorsal to a horizontal plane and bounded on one side by the same transverse plane. In vertebrares this includes the vertebral column.. dorsal In humans, called the back, a large posterior area of the human body, rising from the top of the buttocks to the back of the neck and the shoulders. It is the surface opposite to the chest, its height being defined by the vertebral column (commonly referred to as the spine or backbone) and its breadth being supported by the ribcage and shoulders. The spinal canal runs through the spine and provides nerves to the rest of the body BTO:0001713 CALOHA:TS-2223 EFO:0001405 FMA:14181 GAID:30 MESH:A01.176 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkEU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0004600 galen:Back back back of body proper dorsal part of organism uberon UBERON:0001137 dorsum the tubular structure that conducts gall bladder contents from the gall bladder to the common bile duct Duct that connects the gall bladder and the common bile duct.[TAO] The duct of the gallbladder which joins the common hepatic duct, thus forming the common biliary duct. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] EHDAA2:0000333 EHDAA:3045 EMAPA:16841 FMA:14539 GAID:290 MA:0000355 MESH:A03.159.183.419 OpenCyc:Mx4rveBeC5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0005166 UMLS:C0010672 VHOG:0000213 ZFA:0005166 galen:CysticDuct uberon ductus cysticus UBERON:0001152 cystic duct A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction. caecal A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates. BTO:0000166 CALOHA:TS-0122 EFO:0000850 EHDAA2:0000206 EHDAA:3913 EMAPA:35197 EV:0100397 FMA:14541 GAID:307 MA:0000334 MESH:A03.492.411.495.209 MIAA:0000288 OpenCyc:Mx4rve6u4JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0007531 VHOG:0001559 galen:Cecum caecum cecum intestinum crassum caecum caeca ceca uberon blind intestine blindgut intestinum caecum intestinum crassum cecum UBERON:0001153 Kardong: in some herbivorous lizards, a cecum is present between small and large intestines caecum A blind-ended tube connected to the cecum, from which it develops embryologically[WP]. Organ with organ cavity which is continuous proximally with the cecum and distally terminates in the tip of the appendix. Examples: There is only one appendix[FMA:14542]. A comparative anatomical approach reveals three apparent morphotypes of the cecal appendix, as well as appendix-like structures in some species that lack a true cecal appendix. Cladistic analyses indicate that the appendix has evolved independently at least twice (at least once in diprotodont marsupials and at least once in Euarchontoglires), shows a highly significant (P < 0.0001) phylogenetic signal in its distribution, and has been maintained in mammalian evolution for 80 million years or longer.[well established][VHOG] appendiceal vermix BTO:0000084 CALOHA:TS-1267 EFO:0000849 EHDAA2:0000588 EMAPA:35140 EV:0100076 EV:0100080 FMA:14542 GAID:308 MA:0001540 MAT:0000287 MESH:A03.492.411.495.209.290 MIAA:0000287 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjGgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0003617 VHOG:0001306 galen:AppendixVermiformis appendix appendix vermiformis caecal appendix cecal appendix uberon apex of caecum apex of cecum appendix vermiformis UBERON:0001154 vermiform appendix Last portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum. TODO - abstract this such that it legitimately covers all vertebrates The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO] The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO] Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG] colonic In mammals, the colon consists of four sections: the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, and the sigmoid colon[WP] In zebrafish, the posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates[ZFIN] it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body[WP] AAO:0010400 BTO:0000269 CALOHA:TS-0158 EFO:0000361 EMAPA:18939 EV:0100079 FMA:14543 GAID:309 MA:0000335 MAP:0000001 MAT:0000526 MESH:A03.492.411.495.356 OpenCyc:Mx4rvgLEM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000706 UMLS:C0009368 VHOG:0000648 XAO:0000243 ZFA:0000706 galen:Colon large bowel posterior intestine uberon hindgut UBERON:0001155 colon Section of colon which is distal to the cecum and proximal to the transversecolon.[FMA,modified] in MA, this is a subclass of colon BTO:0000270 CALOHA:TS-0057 EFO:0000843 EMAPA:35151 FMA:14545 MA:0001541 MAT:0000311 MIAA:0000311 OpenCyc:Mx4rv3H0FZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0227375 galen:AscendingColon colon ascendens uberon spiral colon UBERON:0001156 ascending colon The proximal-distal subdivision of colon that runs transversely across the upper part of the abdomen, from the right to the left colic flexure. Continuous with the descending colon[BTO,modified]. BTO:0000272 CALOHA:TS-2052 EFO:0000844 EMAPA:35880 FMA:14546 MA:0001543 MAT:0000312 MIAA:0000312 OpenCyc:Mx4rvg7qyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0227386 galen:TransverseColon colon transversum uberon UBERON:0001157 transverse colon The portion of the colon between the left colic flexure and the sigmoid colon at the pelvic brim; the portion of the descending colon lying in the left iliac fossa is sometimes called the iliac colon. BTO:0000641 CALOHA:TS-2010 EFO:0000845 EMAPA:35285 FMA:14547 MA:0001542 MAT:0000313 MIAA:0000313 OpenCyc:Mx4rwHsNhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0227389 galen:DescendingColon colon descendens uberon UBERON:0001158 descending colon The part of the large intestine that is closest to the rectum and anus. It forms a loop that averages about 40 cm. in length, and normally lies within the pelvis, but on account of its freedom of movement it is liable to be displaced into the abdominal cavity. BTO:0000645 CALOHA:TS-2044 EFO:0000846 EMAPA:36391 FMA:14548 MAT:0000314 MESH:A03.492.411.495.356.668 MIAA:0000314 OpenCyc:Mx4rwHX_-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0227391 UMLS:C0682612 galen:SigmoidColon uberon colon sigmoideum pelvic colon sigmoid colon sigmoid flexure UBERON:0001159 sigmoid colon The body of stomach is the part of the stomach that lies between the fundus above and the pyloric antrum below; its boundaries are poorly defined[GO]. we include this as zone of stomach even though it is not distinguished by gland type BTO:0000505 EMAPA:35810 FMA:14560 MA:0002559 UMLS:C0227230 galen:GastricCorpus corpus gastricum (ventriculare) gastric body stomach body uberon corpus gastricum corpus ventriculare corpus ventriculi gastric corpus UBERON:0001161 body of stomach the area at the bottom of the stomach on the caudal side of the pyloric canal that contains gastrin-producing G cells, which stimulate acid production, and the luminal pH-sensitive population of somatostatin-producing D cells antrum BTO:0001732 EFO:0002555 EMAPA:17891 FMA:14579 GAID:332 MA:0001624 MESH:A03.492.766.716 UMLS:C0034193 galen:PyloricAntrum antrum of stomach stomach pyloric antrum uberon antrum of Willis antrum pylori antrum pyloricum gastric antrum stomach antrum UBERON:0001165 pyloric antrum the stomach tissue region surrounding and controlling the distal outlet of the stomach, which opens into the duodenum We follow Kardong in defining stomach regions by glands The orifice which allows the passage from the stomach into the intestine. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG] pyloric BTO:0001146 EHDAA2:0001580 EHDAA:4860 EMAPA:17631 FMA:14581 GAID:333 MA:0002560 MESH:A03.492.766.799 UMLS:C0034196 VHOG:0000420 galen:Pylorus pars pylorica pars pylorica gastricae pyloric part of stomach pyloric region stomach pyloric region uberon valvula pylori UBERON:0001166 pylorus the layered structure that makes up the stomach, typiclly consists of a serous coat, a muscular coat, a mucous membrane, and other tissue layers in between EMAPA:35826 FMA:14582 MA:0002692 galen:WallOfStomach anatomical wall of stomach anatomical wall of ventriculus gastric wall stomach anatomical wall stomach wall ventriculus anatomical wall ventriculus wall wall of ventriculus uberon UBERON:0001167 wall of stomach An anatomical wall that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:35785 FMA:14615 MA:0002696 UMLS:C1519375 anatomical wall of small bowel anatomical wall of small intestine small bowel anatomical wall small bowel wall small intestinal wall small intestine anatomical wall small intestine wall wall of small bowel uberon UBERON:0001168 wall of small intestine The triangular region on the periphery of the liver lobules that contain a bile duct and a terminal branch of the hepatic artery and portal vein, and may also include a lymphatic vessel. FMA:14653 MA:0002498 UMLS:C0682620 uberon UBERON:0001171 portal lobule The functional unit of the liver, consisting of a mass of hepatocytes from adjacent liver lobules aligned around the hepatic arterioles and portal venules just as they anastomose into sinusoids. EMAPA:35497 FMA:14654 MA:0002496 UMLS:C0227519 liver acinus portal acinus uberon UBERON:0001172 hepatic acinus A complex network of conduits that begins with the canals of Hering (intralobar bile duct) and progressively merges into a system of interlobular, septal, and major ducts which then coalesce to form the extrahepatic bile ducts, which finally deliver bile to the intestine, and in some species to the gallbladder. Hollow tree organ, the organ parts of which consist of the bile ducts.[AAO] AAO:0011020 EMAPA:35172 FMA:14665 UMLS:C0005423 XAO:0000455 uberon biliary tract UBERON:0001173 The path in many species is as follows: Bile canaliculi -> Canals of Hering (intralobar bile duct) -> interlobular bile ducts -> intrahepatic bile ducts -> left and right hepatic ducts merge to form -> common hepatic duct *exits liver* and joins -> cystic duct (from gall bladder) forming -> common bile duct -> joins with pancreatic duct -> forming ampulla of Vater -> enters duodenum [WP] biliary tree the part of the biliary tree formed by the union of the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct Digestive system duct that collects bile from the hepatic bile duct and the cystic duct.[TAO] The duct formed by the union of the common hepatic and cystic ducts. [Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, adapted_from_Dorian_AF][VHOG] EHDAA2:0000303 EHDAA:3981 EMAPA:17201 FMA:14667 GAID:282 MA:0001631 MESH:D003135 TAO:0005165 UMLS:C0009437 VHOG:0000214 ZFA:0005165 galen:CommonBileDuct ductus choledochus (biliaris) uberon ductus choledochus UBERON:0001174 common bile duct Predominantly extrahepatic bile duct which is formed by the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts, which are predominantly intrahepatic, and, in turn, joins the cystic duct to form the common bile duct[GAID]. The common hepatic duct is the duct formed by the convergence of the right hepatic duct (which drains bile from the right functional lobe of the liver) and the left hepatic duct (which drains bile from the left functional lobe of the liver). The common hepatic duct then joins the cystic duct coming from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct[WP]. TODO - MA distinguishes between bile duct, hepatic duct, common bile duct and common hepatic duct. in FMA hepatic duct and common hepatic duct are the same. Common is part of extra-hepatic part The duct which conveys the bile from the liver and unites with the cystic duct to form the common bile duct. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] EMAPA:19101 FMA:14668 GAID:286 MA:0002660 MESH:D006500 UMLS:C0019149 VHOG:0000220 uberon ductus hepaticus communis hepatic duct UBERON:0001175 common hepatic duct The duct that drains bile from the right half of the liver and joins the left hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct. The duct which drains bile from the right half of the liver and unites with the left hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct. [adapted_from_http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=26032][VHOG] EHDAA2:0001727 EHDAA:3992 EMAPA:32797 FMA:14669 MA:0001639 UMLS:C0227557 VHOG:0000217 uberon ductus hepaticus dexter UBERON:0001176 right hepatic duct The duct that drains bile from the left half of the liver and joins the right hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct. The duct which drains bile from the left half of the liver and unites with the right hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct. [adapted_from_http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=26032][VHOG] EHDAA2:0000941 EHDAA:3990 EMAPA:32795 FMA:14670 MA:0001638 UMLS:C0227560 VHOG:0000218 uberon ductus hepaticus sinister UBERON:0001177 left hepatic duct The inner layer of peritoneum that is wrapped around organs located inside the intraperitoneal space. EMAPA:16592 FMA:14703 TAO:0005132 VHOG:0001528 ZFA:0005132 visceral serous membrane of peritoneum uberon UBERON:0001178 visceral peritoneum Anatomical cavity bounded by visceral and parietal peritoneum The potential space between the parietal and visceral layers of the peritoneum, which are normally in contact. The peritoneal cavity is divided into the greater and lesser sac. The greater sac is the peritoneal cavity, and the lesser sac is the omental bursa. [TFD][VHOG] In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart [of other tetrapods] is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes) Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG] BTO:0001782 EHDAA2:0001446 EMAPA:16138 FMA:14704 GAID:24 MA:0000054 MESH:A01.047.025.600.678 UMLS:C1704247 VHOG:0000852 uberon cavitas peritonealis saccus serosus peritonei UBERON:0001179 peritoneal cavity One of two laterally paired arteries that supplies the kidneys. These are large arteries that branch from the dorsal aorta in primitive vertebrates. renal arteries vary widely even in humans. Sub-structures should be checked for taxon variability. Artery which supplies blood via branches to the gonads, oviducts, and kidneys.[AAO] The renal arteries normally arise off the side of the abdominal aorta, immediately below the superior mesenteric artery, and supply the kidneys with blood. Each is directed across the crus of the diaphragm, so as to form nearly a right angle with the aorta. The renal arteries carry a large portion of total blood flow to the kidneys. Up to a third of total cardiac output can pass through the renal arteries to be filtered by the kidneys. The arterial supply of the kidneys is variable and there may be one or more renal arteries supplying each kidney. It is located above the renal vein. It has a radius of approximately 0.25cm, 0.26 cm at the root. The measured mean diameter can differ depending on the imaging method used. For example, the diameter was found to be 5.04 ± 0.74 mm using ultrasound, but 5.68 ± 1.19 mm using angiography. [WP,unvetted].[Wikipedia] AAO:0010223 BTO:0001165 EFO:0002552 EHDAA2:0004100 EHDAA:5321 EHDAA:8594 EMAPA:28373 FMA:14751 GAID:507 MA:0002035 MESH:D012077 OpenCyc:Mx4rveOFHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001600 TAO:0000420 UMLS:C0035065 ZFA:0000420 galen:RenalArtery renal arterial tree uberon arteria renalis renal arteries UBERON:0001184 renal artery An artery that supplies the liver. currently defined in a generic fashion. Artery that supplies blood to the liver.[TAO] BTO:0004307 EMAPA:17859 FMA:14769 GAID:496 MA:0001963 MESH:D006499 OpenCyc:Mx4rvzKtFpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0005161 UMLS:C0019145 ZFA:0005161 galen:HepaticArtery arteria hepatica propria uberon arteria hepatica UBERON:0001193 hepatic artery The mucosal layer that lines the stomach. The gastric mucosa is the mucous membrane layer of the stomach which contains the glands and the gastric pits. In men it is about 1 mm thick and its surface is smooth, soft, and velvety. It consists of epithelium, lamina propria, and the muscularis mucosae. In its fresh state, it is of a pinkish tinge at the pyloric end and of a red or reddish-brown color over the rest of its surface. In infancy it is of a brighter hue, the vascular redness being more marked. It is thin at the cardiac extremity, but thicker toward the pylorus. During the contracted state of the organ it is thrown into numerous plaits or rugae, which, for the most part, have a longitudinal direction, and are most marked toward the pyloric end of the stomach, and along the greater curvature. These folds are entirely obliterated when the organ becomes distended. When examined with a lens, the inner surface of the mucous membrane presents a peculiar honeycomb appearance from being covered with funnel-like depressions or foveolae of a polygonal or hexagonal form, which vary from 0.12 to 0.25 mm. in diameter. These are the ducts of the gastric glands, and at the bottom of each may be seen one or more minute orifices, the openings of the gland tubes. Gastric glands are simple or branched tubular glands that emerge on the deeper part of the gastric foveola, inside the gastric areas and outlined by the folds of the mucosa. There are three types of glands: cardiac glands (in the proximal part of the stomach), oxyntic glands (the dominating type of gland), and pyloric glands. The cardiac glands mainly contain mucus producing cells. The bottom part of the oxyntic glands is dominated by zymogen (chief) cells that produce pepsinogen (an inactive precursor of the pepsin enzyme). Parietal cells, which secrete hydrochloric acid are scattered in the glands, with most of them in the middle part. The upper part of the glands consist of mucous neck cells; in this part the dividing cells are seen. The pyloric glands contain mucus-secreting cells. Several types of endocrine cells are found in all regions of the gastric mucosa. In the pyloric glands contain gastrin producing cells (G cells); this hormone stimulates acid production from the parietal cells. ECL (enterochromaffine-like) cells, found in the oxyntic glands release histamine, which also is a powerful stimulant of the acid secretion. The A cells produce glucagon, which mobilizes the hepatic glycogen, and the enterochromaffin cells that produce serotonin, which stimulates the contraction of the smooth muscles. The surface of the mucous membrane is covered by a single layer of columnar epithelium . This epithelium commences very abruptly at the cardiac orifice, where there is a sudden transition from the stratified epithelium of the esophagus. The epithelial lining of the gland ducts is of the same character and is continuous with the general lining of the stomach. [WP,unvetted][Wikipedia:Gastric_mucosa]. BTO:0001308 CALOHA:TS-0404 EMAPA:35817 FMA:14907 GAID:321 MA:0002683 MESH:A03.492.766.440 OpenCyc:Mx8NhB4rvcD6KJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvmKNOpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVj5FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjlqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0017136 galen:GastricMucosa gastric mucosa gastric mucous membrane mucosa of organ of stomach mucosa of organ of ventriculus mucosa of ventriculus mucous membrane of stomach mucous membrane of ventriculus organ mucosa of stomach organ mucosa of ventriculus stomach mucosa stomach mucosa of organ stomach mucous membrane stomach organ mucosa tunica mucosa (gaster) tunica mucosa gastricae ventriculus mucosa ventriculus mucosa of organ ventriculus mucous membrane ventriculus organ mucosa uberon Magenschleimhaut tunica mucosa gastris UBERON:0001199 mucosa of stomach A strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal which lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum. It receives sympathetic innervation from the celiac ganglion[WP]. (...) the adult Xenopus stomach exhibits both glandular and aglandular regions and a distinct pyloric sphincter similar to that of the amniotic vertebrates (...).[uncertain][VHOG] AAO:0011093 EMAPA:19251 FMA:14916 MA:0002952 OpenCyc:Mx4rvly2ZZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0227238 VHOG:0001466 XAO:0000457 pyloric valve uberon UBERON:0001202 pyloric sphincter A mucosa that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition]. BTO:0001259 CALOHA:TS-0941 EMAPA:35780 FMA:14933 MA:0002686 UMLS:C0227261 mucosa of organ of small bowel mucosa of organ of small intestine mucosa of small bowel mucous membrane of small bowel mucous membrane of small intestine organ mucosa of small bowel organ mucosa of small intestine small bowel mucosa small bowel mucosa of organ small bowel mucous membrane small bowel organ mucosa small intestinal mucosa small intestine mucosa small intestine mucosa of organ small intestine mucous membrane small intestine organ mucosa tunica mucosa (intestinum tenue) tunica mucosa intestini tenuis uberon UBERON:0001204 mucosa of small intestine A funnel shaped proximal portion of the ureter that is formed by convergence of the major calices [MP]. CALOHA:TS-2230 EMAPA:17948 FMA:15575 GAID:426 MA:0000374 MESH:D007682 UMLS:C0227666 galen:RenalPelvis kidney pelvis pelvis of ureter uberon p. renallis pyelum UBERON:0001224 In this ontology, the renal pelvis is represented as the area of part-overlap between the kidney and the ureter renal pelvis Outer cortical portion of the kidney, between the renal capsule and the renal medulla. In the adult metanephros, it forms a continuous smooth outer zone with a number of projections that extend down between the pyramids. It contains the renal corpuscles and the renal tubules except for parts of the loop of Henle which descend into the renal medulla. It also contains blood vessels and cortical collecting ducts. The renal cortex is the part of the kidney where ultrafiltration occurs.[WP] BTO:0001166 CALOHA:TS-0503 EMAPA:17952 FMA:15581 GAID:424 MA:0000372 MESH:D007672 UMLS:C0022655 galen:CortexOfKidney cortex renalis kidney cortex renal cortex uberon UBERON:0001225 cortex of kidney the structure containing the glomerular capsule and the glomerulus that serves as the initial blood-filtering component of a nephron A mass of arterial capillaries enveloped in a capsule and attached to a tubule in the kidney[BTO] A tuft of capillaries found in a Bowman's capsule in which waste products are filtered from the blood and urine formation is initiated. Paired highly vascularized structures of the pronephros, responsible for blood filtration.[XAO] The part of the nephron that filters blood.[TAO] BTO:0000333 CALOHA:TS-1317 EMAPA:28236 EMAPA:35726 EV:0100385 FMA:15625 MA:0000376 TAO:0005281 UMLS:C0227635 VHOG:0001262 ZFA:0005281 Malpighian corpuscle corpusculum renale malphigian corpuscle uberon corpusculum renis cortical renal corpuscle kidney corpuscle malphighian corpuscle UBERON:0001229 Together, the Bowmans capsule and the glomerulus comprise the definitive renal corpuscle. http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron renal corpuscle A cup-like sac at the expanded beginning of a tubular component of a nephron that contains the glomerulus Anatomical structure found in the kidney consisting of an expanded end of a kidney tubule surrounding a glomerulus and is the major site of filtration.[AAO] Fluids from blood in the glomerulus are collected in the Bowman's capsule and further processed along the nephron to form urine. This process is known as ultrafiltration[WP]. One fold of the S-shaped body gives rise to Bowman's capsule[GUDMAP] AAO:0010526 BTO:0002297 EMAPA:27973 EMAPA:28257 FMA:15626 KUPO:0001001 MA:0001660 TAO:0005254 TAO:0005310 UMLS:C0524448 ZFA:0005254 ZFA:0005310 Bowman's capsule Bowmans capsule capsula glomerularis renal glomerular capsule uberon Mueller capsule Muellerian capsule bowman's capsule capsula glomeruli malphigian capsule pronephric glomerular capsule UBERON:0001230 glomerular capsule The collecting duct is a portion of the nephron through which water flows, moving passively down its concentration gradient Renal duct that collects the output from renal tubules.[TAO] in ISBN10:0073040584 (Vertebrates, Kardong), the nephron is adjacent to the collecting tubule, consistent with FMA, but not GO. Wikipedia says: Many sources include the connecting tubule as part of the collecting duct system. However, the embryological origin is more similar to the nephron than it is to the rest of the collecting duct (which derives from the ureteric bud), and other sources therefore classify the connecting tubule with the nephron BTO:0000761 CALOHA:TS-0860 EMAPA:28407 EV:0100391 FMA:15628 GAID:434 MA:0000371 MESH:D007685 TAO:0005294 ZFA:0005294 collecting duct kidney collecting duct renal collecting tubule tubulus renalis arcuatus tubulus renalis colligens uberon arcuate renal tubule collecting duct system collecting tubule junctional tube kidney collecting tubule ureteric tree UBERON:0001232 collecting duct of renal tubule the thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that produces and secretes steroid hormones such as corticosterone, estrone and aldosterone All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues (medulla), but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG] Kardong states that mammals are the first to have distinct cortext and medulla, but this contradicts XAO AAO:0011009 BTO:0000045 CALOHA:TS-0015 EFO:0000237 EMAPA:18427 EV:0100136 FMA:15632 GAID:447 MA:0000118 MAT:0000494 MESH:D000302 UMLS:C0001613 VHOG:0001481 XAO:0000165 adrenal gland cortex cortex (glandula suprarenalis) cortex of adrenal gland cortex of suprarenal gland suprarenal cortex uberon cortex glandulae suprarenalis suprarenal UBERON:0001235 adrenal cortex the inner portion of the adrenal gland that consists mainly of chromaffin cells which produce, store and secrete neurotransmitters such as epinephrine and norepinephrine All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues (medulla), but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011010 BTO:0000049 CALOHA:TS-0018 EFO:0000852 EMAPA:18428 EV:0100137 FMA:15633 GAID:451 MA:0000119 MAT:0000495 MESH:D019439 UMLS:C0001629 VHOG:0001378 XAO:0000166 adrenal gland medulla medulla (glandula suprarenalis) medulla glandulae suprarenalis medulla of adrenal gland medulla of suprarenal gland suprarenal medulla uberon adrenal central medulla chromaffin cells medulla of glandula suprarenalis UBERON:0001236 adrenal medulla The innermost membrane of the four coats of the intestinal wall, the other three being the submucosa, muscular layers, and serosa. (Berk et al., Gastroenterology, 4th ed, v.3, p1479) BTO:0000642 EMAPA:35440 FMA:15695 GAID:296 MA:0001537 MESH:A03.492.411.369 UMLS:C0021839 bowel mucosa bowel mucosa of organ bowel mucous membrane bowel organ mucosa intestine mucosa intestine mucosa of organ intestine mucous membrane intestine organ mucosa mucosa of bowel mucosa of intestine mucosa of organ of bowel mucosa of organ of intestine mucous membrane of bowel mucous membrane of intestine organ mucosa of bowel organ mucosa of intestine tunica mucosa intestini uberon UBERON:0001242 intestinal mucosa Orifice at the opposite end of an animal's digestive tract from the mouth. Its function is to expel feces, unwanted semi-solid matter produced during digestion, which, depending on the type of animal, may be one or more of: matter which the animal cannot digest, such as bones; food material after all the nutrients have been extracted, for example cellulose or lignin; ingested matter which would be toxic if it remained in the digestive tract; and dead or excess gut bacteria and other endosymbionts. anal In the lungfish, sharks and rays the rectum opens into the cloaca which also receives wastes (urine) from the kidneys and material from the reproductive organs. In bony fish the rectum reaches the outside environment through the anus, which is normally situated just in front the urinary and reproductive openings. However in some fish the digestive tract may be curled back on itself, and in the Electric Eel (Electrophorus electricus) the anus is situated in the fish's throat. -- http://www.earthlife.net/fish/digestion.html BTO:0001680 CALOHA:TS-2005 EV:0100082 FBbt:00003148 FMA:15711 GAID:312 MA:0000331 MESH:A03.492.411.495.767.288 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjaEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TADS:0000066 TGMA:0001279 UMLS:C0003461 WBbt:0005364 galen:Anus anal opening anal orifice opening of terminal part of digestive tract uberon proctodeum UBERON:0001245 anus The canals that carry bile in the liver between the intralobular ducts and the biliary ductules; interlobular bile ducts are part of the interlobular portal triad. FMA:15767 MA:0002668 UMLS:C0227515 interlobular ductule uberon UBERON:0001246 interlobular bile duct distensible musculomembranous organ situated in the anterior part of the pelvic cavity in which urine collects before excretion[MP]. A saccular organ in which urine accumulates before discharge from the body. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-29, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG] Anatomical structure which consists of a membranous sac used to temporarily store urine until it is excreted from the body.[AAO] In tetrapods, the urinary bladder arises as an outpocketing of the cloaca. (...) The tetrapod urinary bladder appears first among amphibians and is present in Sphenodon, turtles, most lizards, ostriches among birds, and all mammals.[well established][VHOG] vesical The urinary bladder evolved in tetrapods. Birds to not possess a true urinary bladder, although Palaeognathae have an undifferentiated cloacal outpocketing that serves a similar function[https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/454] bladder AAO:0000623 BTO:0001418 CALOHA:TS-1090 EFO:0000290 EHDAA2:0000174 EHDAA:9328 EMAPA:18321 EV:0100098 FMA:15900 GAID:0000004 MA:0000380 MAT:0000122 MESH:A05.810.161 MIAA:0000122 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjMmZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0005682 VHOG:0000740 XAO:0000154 galen:UrinaryBladder vesica urinaria uberon urocyst vesica UBERON:0001255 urinary bladder An anatomical wall that is part of a intestine [Automatically generated definition]. we place two MA classes here due to the official ncit2ma mapping to intestinal wall tissue; not clear how bowel and intestine are different BTO:0000647 EMAPA:35181 EMAPA:35444 FMA:15949 MA:0001525 MA:0002693 UMLS:C1708548 anatomical wall of bowel anatomical wall of intestine bowel anatomical wall bowel wall intestinal wall intestine anatomical wall intestine wall wall of bowel uberon bowel wall UBERON:0001262 wall of intestine The secretory units of the exocrine pancreas, where fluid containing digestive enzymes is produced; consists of a group of secretory cells surrounding a luminal space that connects to the pancreatic duct. EMAPA:35651 FMA:16011 MA:0002417 UMLS:C0227578 acinus pancreaticus pancreas acinus uberon pancreatic acinar pancreatic acini UBERON:0001263 pancreatic acinus An endoderm derived structure that produces precursors of digestive enzymes and blood glucose regulating enzymes[GO]. Organ which secretes a fluid containing enzymes that aid in the digestion of food.[AAO] In the hagfish and lampreys (our most primitive vertebrate species of today), the first sign of 'a new organ' is found as collections of endocrine cells around the area of the bile duct connection with the duodenum. These endocrine organs are composed of 99% beta cells and 1% somatostatin-producing delta cells. Compared to the more primitive protochordates (e.g. amphioxus), this represents a stage where all previously scattered insulin-producing cells of the intestinal tissue have now quantitatively migrated to found a new organ involved in sensing blood glucose rather than gut glucose. Only later in evolution, the beta cells are joined by exocrine tissue and alpha cells (exemplified by the rat-, rabbit- and elephant-fishes). Finally, from sharks and onwards in evolution, we have the islet PP-cell entering to complete the pancreas.[well established][VHOG] pancreatic As a secretory organ serving exocrine and endocrine functions, the pancreas is specific to the vertebrates[PMID:16417468] Hagfishes and lampreys are unique in the complete separation of their endocrine pancreas (islet or- gan) and their exocrine pancreas (50). The endocrine and exocrine pancreas are coassociated in crown gnathostomes (50). In Branchiostoma and Ciona, there is no diverticulum as there is in hagfishes, lampreys, and gnathostomes, only dispersed insulin-secreting cells in the walls of the gastrointestinal tract (51, 52) The zebrafish does not have a discrete pancreas. Exocrine pancreatic tissue can be found scattered along the intestinal tract. The acinar structure of the exocrine pancreas is very similar to that of mammals and comprises cells with a very dark, basophilic cytoplasm The mature pancreas of higher vertebrates and mammals comprises two major functional units: the exocrine pancreas, which is responsible for the production of digestive enzymes to be secreted into the gut lumen, and the endocrine pancreas, which has its role in the synthesis of several hormones with key regulatory functions in food uptake and metabolism. The exocrine portion constitutes the majority of the mass of the pancreas, and contains only two different cell types, the secretory acinar cells and the ductular cells. The endocrine portion, which comprises only 1-2% of the total mass, contains five different cell types, which are organized into mixed functional assemblies referred to as the islets of Langerhans AAO:0010112 BTO:0000988 CALOHA:TS-0736 EFO:0000855 EHDAA2:0001367 EHDAA:6893 EMAPA:17503 EV:0100092 FMA:7198 GAID:334 MA:0000120 MAT:0000075 MESH:D010179 MIAA:0000075 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVimZZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000140 UMLS:C0030274 VHOG:0000050 XAO:0000136 ZFA:0000140 galen:Pancreas uberon UBERON:0001264 pancreas The organism subdivision that includes the pelvic girdle skeleton and associated soft tissue. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). Examples: There are only two instances in an organism, right and left pectoral girdle regions. this class describes the subdivision of the limb/fin, NOT the skeleton within. See also: skeleton of pectoral girdle (UBERON:0007831). See also comments on obo-anatomy mail list. Note that even though the class includes soft tissue it is more restrictive than 'pelvis' which also includes structures in cavities etc. TODO this needs to be better documented Subdivision of lower limb or fin which links the limb/fin to the body[FMA,modified]. There is only one instance of the pelvic girdle region per organism.[VSAO] FMA:16581 UMLS:C0684083 VSAO:0000304 uberon girdle - pelvic pelvic girdle UBERON:0001271 pelvic girdle region The epithelial layer of the stomach . in FMA this is classified as simple columnar, MA divides this into squamous and glandular BTO:0000500 CALOHA:TS-2068 EHDAA2:0001918 EMAPA:17023 FMA:17091 MA:0001610 VHOG:0001433 epithelial tissue of stomach epithelial tissue of ventriculus epithelium of ventriculus stomach epithelial tissue stomach epithelium ventriculus epithelial tissue ventriculus epithelium uberon gastric epithelium UBERON:0001276 epithelium of stomach A multi-organ-part structure that consists of three vessels of the portal lobule including the bile duct, a terminal branch of the hepatic artery and portal vein, and may also include a lymphatic vessel The misnomer 'portal triad' traditionally has included only the first three structures, and was named before lymphatic vessels were discovered in the structure. It can refer both to the largest branch of each of these vessels running inside the hepatoduodenal ligament, and to the smaller branches of these vessels inside the liver. FMA:17523 MA:0002499 UMLS:C0227514 trias hepatica uberon trias hepatica UBERON:0001279 portal triad The functional units of the liver including the lobules. the (liver) tubular structure (dual layered parenchyma) appears to be conserved among all embryonic vertebrates (...) it is not unlikely that all vertebrate livers share the same fundamental functional unit.[well established][VHOG] UBERON:0003223 AAO:0010405 EHDAA2:0001004 EHDAA:2201 EMAPA:17203 FMA:17540 MA:0000366 VHOG:0000539 XAO:0000454 hepatic parenchyma liver parenchyme parenchyma of liver uberon hepatic parenchyme UBERON:0001280 liver parenchyma the tubules located between the bile canaliculi and interlobular bile ducts near the outer edge of a classic liver lobule Note that this is part of the intrahepatic bile duct in MA, as this class is more alike the tree in FMA. Note also that SCT has canal of Hering and Entire IBduct as the only sibling terms under 'Structure of intralobular bile duct' (i.e. the CoH is the only part of the entire IBduct) FMA:17545 MA:0002669 UMLS:C0227517 canal of Herring cholangiole ductus interlobularis bilifer uberon canal of Hering canals of Hering duct of Herring intrahepatic bile ductule UBERON:0001282 intralobular bile duct The basic functional unit of the kidney. its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. A nephron eliminates wastes from the body, regulates blood volume and blood pressure, controls levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulates blood pH. Its functions are vital to life and are regulated by the endocrine system by hormones such as antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and parathyroid hormone.[WP] kidney terms require review for cross-vertebrate compatibility and developmental relationships. Functional unit of the kidney that filters waste.[TAO] In the avian kidney, three types of nephron are identified: mammalian-type nephrons with long and short loops of Henle, and reptilian type nephrons (Gambaryan, 1992) BTO:0000924 CALOHA:TS-1312 EMAPA:28491 EMAPA:35592 EV:0100384 FMA:17640 GAID:428 MA:0000375 MESH:D009399 TAO:0002153 UMLS:C0027713 ZFA:0005282 mature nephron uberon nephroneum tubulus renalis UBERON:0001285 nephron the glandular mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the estrous/menstrual cycle and during pregnancy The mucous membrane lining the uterus. [TFD][VHOG] The maternal part of the placenta (of eutherian mammals) is the vascularized and glandular uterine lining, or endometrium.[well established][VHOG] endometrial Animals that have estrous cycles reabsorb the endometrium if conception does not occur during that cycle. Animals that have menstrual cycles shed the endometrium through menstruation instead in FMA this is subdivided into basal and outer BTO:0001422 CALOHA:TS-0276 EFO:0000980 EMAPA:29917 EV:0100115 FMA:17742 GAID:377 MA:0000390 MAT:0000319 MESH:D004717 MIAA:0000319 UMLS:C0014180 VHOG:0001285 tunica mucosa (endometrium) tunica mucosa uteri uterine endometrium uberon uterine mucosa uterine mucous membrane UBERON:0001295 endometrium A large nerve that supplies nearly the whole of the skin of the leg, the muscles of the back of the thigh, and those of the leg and foot. It begins in the lower back and runs through the buttock and down the lower limb. mouse sciatic nerve origins predominantly from the third lumbar (L3) and L4 spinal nerves, unlike the L4 and L5 in rats - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2700063/ BTO:0001221 CALOHA:TS-0899 EFO:0001417 EHDAA2:0001779 EHDAA:5659 EMAPA:18577 FMA:19034 GAID:852 MA:0001172 MESH:D012584 OpenCyc:Mx4rv7MlDJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0036394 VHOG:0000894 uberon ischiadic nerve ischiatic nerve nervus ischiadicus nervus sciaticus UBERON:0001322 sciatic nerve The anus and surrounding regions. Encompasses both internal and external regions, where present Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG] EFO:0000847 EHDAA2:0000122 EHDAA:2931 EMAPA:16831 MA:0000329 MAT:0000042 MIAA:0000042 UMLS:C0230120 VHOG:0000395 WBbt:0006919 uberon posterior posterior end of organism UBERON:0001353 anal region A clear, colorless, bodily fluid, that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain and spinal cord. Portion of organism substance that is a clear fluid that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain.[TAO] In vertebrates, at early stages of Central Nervous System (CNS) development, the architecture of the brain primordium reveals the presence of the cavity of brain vesicles, which is filled by Embryonic Cerebro-Spinal Fluid (E-CSF). (...) Rat and chick E-CSF proteomes are similar, although rat is more complex in certain groups of proteins, e.g., apolipoproteins, which may be involved in the control of neural diversity, and has soluble enzymes present, just like adult human CSF, but unlike chick E-CSF, revealing phylogenetic brain differences between these groups of vertebrates.[uncertain][VHOG] the FMA def states that this is subarachnoid spaces only. ZFA def states subarachnoid spaces and brain ventricles, but not SC (and has part_of to brain). Circulation: It circulates from the lateral ventricles to the foramen of Monro (Interventricular foramen), third ventricle, aqueduct of Sylvius (Cerebral aqueduct), fourth ventricle, foramen of Magendie (Median aperture) and foramina of Luschka (Lateral apertures), subarachnoid space over brain and spinal cord. It should be noted that the CSF moves in a pulsatile manner throughout the CSF system with nearly zero net flow. CSF is reabsorbed into venous sinus blood via arachnoid granulations. BTO:0000237 CALOHA:TS-0130 EFO:0000329 EHDAA2:0004441 ENVO:02000029 EV:0100311 FMA:20935 GAID:1181 MA:0002503 MAT:0000499 MESH:A12.207.268 TAO:0002184 UMLS:C0007806 VHOG:0001278 ZFA:0001626 CSF cerebral spinal fluid uberon liquor cerebrospinalis spinal fluid UBERON:0001359 cerebrospinal fluid The outer layer of peritoneum that is attached to the abdominal and pelvic walls. Peritoneum attached to the abdominal wall.[AAO] UBERON:0004459 AAO:0010816 EMAPA:16591 FMA:21451 TAO:0005131 VHOG:0001527 ZFA:0005131 parietal serous membrane of peritoneum uberon peritoneal cavity lining UBERON:0001366 parietal peritoneum A zone of skin that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:32726 FMA:23100 MA:0000694 UMLS:C1282135 limb skin limb zone of skin zone of skin of limb uberon UBERON:0001419 skin of limb Anatomical system that is a multi-element, multi-tissue anatomical cluster that consists of the skeleton and the articular system. Anatomical system consisting of multiple elements and tissues that provides physical support.[TAO] Anatomical system that is a multi-element, multi-tissue anatomical cluster that consists of the skeleton and the articular system.[VSAO] System that provides physical support to the organism.[AAO] By taking a holistic approach, integration of the evidence from molecular and developmental features of model organisms, the phylogenetic distribution in the 'new animal phylogeny' and the earliest fossilized remains of mineralized animal skeletons suggests independent origins of the skeleton at the phylum level.[debated][VHOG] skeletal GO defines skeletal system very generically: The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton) GO:0001501; however, all annotations are to vertebrates AAO:0000566 BTO:0001486 CALOHA:TS-1320 EFO:0000806 EHDAA2:0003168 EMAPA:35773 FMA:23881 MA:0000018 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi1rpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000434 UMLS:C0037253 VHOG:0001254 VSAO:0000027 XAO:0003060 ZFA:0000434 skeleton system set of all bones and joints uberon Skelettsystem UBERON:0001434 skeletal system https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/The-skeletal-system Subdivision of skeleton consisting of all skeletal elements in an hindlimb region. Skeletal structure of the paired, posterior appendages.[AAO] relationship type change: differentiates_from lateral plate mesoderm (AAO:0010574) CHANGED TO: develops_from lateral plate mesoderm (UBERON:0003081)[AAO] Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0000217 EHDAA2:0002226 EMAPA:32633 FMA:24144 OpenCyc:Mx4rvZcKkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA VHOG:0001255 VSAO:0000152 XAO:0003062 bones of lower limb free lower limb skeleton hind limb skeleton hind-limb skeleton hindlimb skeleton lower limb skeleton ossa membri inferioris set of bones of lower limb skeleton of free lower limb skeleton of lower limb uberon UBERON:0001441 TOOD - find a home for: FMA:24140 hindlimb skeleton Subdivision of trunk proper, which is demarcated from the neck by the plane of the superior thoracic aperture and from the abdomen internally by the inferior surface of the diaphragm and externally by the costal margin and associated with the thoracic vertebral column and ribcage and from the back of the thorax by the external surface of the posterolateral part of the rib cage, the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral column and the posterior axillary lines; together with the abdomen and the perineum, it constitutes the trunk proper[FMA]. FMA:24216 present in FMA1, but gone in subsequent versions pectoral thoracic BTO:0001368 CALOHA:TS-1039 EFO:0000965 EV:0100010 FMA:9576 GAID:91 MA:0000031 MAT:0000295 MESH:A01.911 MIAA:0000295 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVikFZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0817096 UMLS:C1527391 galen:Chest galen:Thorax anterolateral part of thorax front of thorax pectus ventral part of thoracic region uberon thoracic body wall thorax UBERON:0001443 chest FMA:24218 XAO:0000040 head subdivision uberon head region region of head UBERON:0001444 subdivision of head Subdivision of skeleton that is the collection of all skeletal elements in a pes, which is the distal section of the posterior hindlimb skeleton consisting of the mesopodium, the metapodium and the acropodium (e.g. including the ankle, sole, and toes)[Phenoscape]. https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Skeleton-partonomy-Design-Pattern EHDAA2:0002228 FMA:24222 VSAO:0005021 foot region skeleton foot skeleton pedal skeleton pes skeleton posterior autopodium skeleton set of bones of foot skeleton of foot uberon pes posterior autopodium UBERON:0001445 here 'pes' includes both the ankle region, metatarsals and acropodial region skeleton of pes A subdivision of the head that has as parts the layers deep to the surface of the anterior surface, including the mouth, eyes, and nose (when present). In vertebrates, this includes the facial skeleton and structures superficial to the facial skeleton (cheeks, mouth, eyeballs, skin of face, etc). Subdivision of head which consists of the viscerocranium and all layers superficial to it. Examples: There is only one face. The area that extends from the median ocellus to the oral foramen[HAO]. facial The face develops from outward growth of tissue located rostral to the cranium & pharynx. The lower jaw and most of the upper jaw are formed by growth of the first pharyngeal (branchial) arch. The upper incisor region and the nose and forehead (frontal region) are formed from tissue located rostral to the neural tube (frontonasal prominence) BTO:0003369 CALOHA:TS-2216 EMAPA:32763 FMA:24728 GAID:64 HAO:0000316 MA:0002473 MESH:D005145 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi5GZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0015450 galen:Face uberon facia/facies visage UBERON:0001456 face A zone of skin that is part of a lip [Automatically generated definition]. FMA:24764 MA:0001579 UMLS:C0222101 lip skin lip zone of skin zone of skin of lip uberon skin of lips UBERON:0001458 skin of lip The hip region is located lateral to the gluteal region (i.e. the buttock), inferior to the iliac crest, and overlying the greater trochanter of the thigh bone. In adults, three of the bones of the pelvis have fused into the hip bone which forms part of the hip region. The hip joint, scientifically referred to as the acetabulofemoral joint (art. coxae), is the joint between the femur and acetabulum of the pelvis and its primary function is to support the weight of the body in both static (e.g. standing) and dynamic (e.g. walking or running) postures. [WP,modified]. The pelvic girdle is never joined by contributions of dermal bone. From its first appearance in placoderms, the pelvic girdle is exclusively endoskeletal. It arose from pterygiophores, perhaps several times, in support of the fin.[well established][VHOG] coxal See notes for shoulder. in BTO this is part of the abdomen - this creates an inconsistency if limb and abdomen are spatially disjoint BTO:0001457 CALOHA:TS-2226 EFO:0001929 EHDAA2:0000783 EHDAA:5153 EHDAA:6178 EMAPA:17490 FMA:24964 GAID:47 MA:0000045 MESH:D006615 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjhy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0019552 VHOG:0000346 galen:Hip hip region regio coxae uberon coxa UBERON:0001464 hip A vessel that contains or conveys lymph, that originates as an interfibrillar or intercellular cleft or space in a tissue or organ, and that if small has no distinct walls or walls composed only of endothelial cells and if large resembles a vein in structure[BTO]. A network of blunt ended vessels lacking direct connection to the blood vascular system. These vessels collect and drain fluids and macromolecules from interstitial spaces throughout the animal. They derive from a subpopulation of endothelial cells and have walls that are much thinner than the blood carrying vessels. Lymphatic vessels are usually classified as either superficial or deep.[TAO] A vessel that contains or conveys lymph.[AAO] Tetrapods have evolved distinct lymphatic systems, in which lymphatic capillaries help drain most of the tissues of the body.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011005 BTO:0000752 CALOHA:TS-2102 EFO:0000873 EMAPA:35532 FMA:30315 MA:0000138 MAT:0000443 OpenCyc:Mx4rwA1fYZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0005105 UMLS:C0229889 VHOG:0001249 XAO:0000375 lymph vessel uberon vas lymphaticum UBERON:0001473 lymphatic vessel Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue. Also called osseous tissue, (Latin: os). Is a type of hard endoskeletal connective tissue found in many vertebrate animals. Bone is the main tissue of body organs that support body structures, protect internal organs, (in conjunction with muscles) facilitate movement; and are involved with cell formation, calcium metabolism, and mineral storage.[AAO] Portion of tissue which is calcified connective tissue making up the structural elements of the skeletal system.[TAO] Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue.[VSAO] relationship loss: subclass specialized connective tissue (AAO:0000571)[AAO] The 'new animal phylogeny' reveals that many of the groups known to biomineralize sit among close relatives that do not, and it favours an interpretation of convergent or parallel evolution for biomineralization in animals. (...) Whether this 'biomineralization toolkit'of genes reflects a parallel co-option of a common suite of genes or the inheritance of a skeletogenic gene regulatory network from a biomineralizing common ancestor remains an open debate.[debated][VHOG] AAO:0000047 AEO:0000082 BTO:0000140 CALOHA:TS-0088 EFO:0000298 EHDAA2:0003082 EMAPA:32782 ENVO:00002039 EV:0100140 FMA:30317 FMA:5018 GAID:92 MA:0001459 MAT:0000299 MIAA:0000299 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViDlpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkCG5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001514 UMLS:C0262950 VHOG:0001190 VSAO:0000057 XAO:0000169 ZFA:0001514 galen:Bone bone element bone organ uberon bone bones UBERON:0001474 bone element An articular capsule (or joint capsule) is an envelope surrounding a synovial joint. [WP,unvetted]. check ncita FMA:34836 GAID:263 MA:0001519 MESH:D017746 UMLS:C0206207 galen:JointCapsule capsula articularis fibrous capsule of joint joint capsule joint fibrous capsule uberon capsulae articulares UBERON:0001484 articular capsule A zone of skin that is part of a leg [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:18156 EMAPA:18159 FMA:37828 MA:0000674 UMLS:C0222279 leg skin leg zone of skin zone of skin of leg uberon UBERON:0001511 skin of leg The descending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system from the arch of aorta to the point where it divides into the common iliac arteries[GO]. The descending aorta is part of the aorta, the largest artery in the body. The descending aorta is the part of the aorta beginning at the aortic arch that runs down through the chest and abdomen. The descending aorta is divided into two portions, the thoracic and abdominal, in correspondence with the two great cavities of the trunk in which it is situated. Within the abdomen, the descending aorta branches into the two common iliac arteries which serve the legs. [WP,unvetted]. results from fusion of left and right dorsal aortae EMAPA:18606 FMA:3784 MA:0002571 OpenCyc:Mx4rv4EE35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0011666 pars descendens aortae uberon aorta descendens pars descendens aortae UBERON:0001514 descending aorta Abdominal part of aorta: the distal part of the descending aorta, which is the continuation of the thoracic part and gives rise to the inferior phrenic, lumbar, median sacral, superior and inferior mesenteric, middle suprarenal, renal, and testicular or ovarian arteries, and celiac trunk[BTO]. The abdominal aorta is the largest artery in the abdominal cavity. As part of the aorta, it is a direct continuation of descending aorta(of the thorax). [WP,unvetted]. Many of the branches of the abdominal aorta in mammals may be branches of the dorsal aorta in other vertebrates BTO:0002976 EFO:0002524 EMAPA:17856 FMA:3789 GAID:470 MA:0000474 MESH:D001012 OpenCyc:Mx4rvYhWCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0003484 galen:AbdominalAorta abdominal part of aorta descending abdominal aorta pars abdominalis aortae uberon abdominal part of aorta aorta abdominalis pars abdominalis aortae UBERON:0001516 abdominal aorta A tube extending from the mouth to the anus. The alimentary or digestive tract, and associated organs.[TAO] The bilaterian gut is typically a complete tube that opens to the exterior at both ends. It consists of mouth, foregut, midgut, hindgut, and anus (reference 1); Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] FMA also has a term 'gastrointestinal tract', but this includes the liver. we place the MA and EMAPA class here, although the intent is probably a smaller region. See https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/509 we following Kardong in naming the entire tube from mouth to anus the alimentary canal. Kardong calls the portion of this tract that excludes buccal cavity and pharynx the 'alimentary canal', consider adding an extra class for this gut AAO:0010023 BILA:0000083 BTO:0000511 BTO:0000545 EHDAA2:0000726 EHDAA:518 EMAPA:16247 FBbt:00003125 FMA:45615 MA:0000917 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi0GpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000112 TGMA:0001819 UMLS:C0017189 VHOG:0000309 WBbt:0005743 ZFA:0000112 galen:AlimentaryTract digestive tube enteric tract alimentary canal alimentary tract uberon digestive canal gut tube UBERON:0001555 digestive tract Subdivision of urinary system which consists of the urinary bladder and the urethra. FMA:45659 MA:0002636 galen:LowerUrinaryTract uberon UBERON:0001556 lower urinary tract The segment of the respiratory tract that starts proximally with the nose and ends distally with the cricoid cartilage, before continuing to the trachea. Some specify that the glottis (vocal cords) is the defining line between the upper and lower respiratory tracts;[2] yet even others make the line at the cricoid cartilage. The FMA includes nose, nasopharynx, oropharynx and larynx[WP] EHDAA2:0002136 EMAPA:17669 FMA:45661 MA:0000442 OpenCyc:Mx4rtT2HwgJMEdyAAADggVbxzQ VHOG:0000406 uberon UBERON:0001557 upper respiratory tract The segment of the respiratory tract that starts proximally with the trachea and includes all distal structures including the lungs[WP,modified] EHDAA2:0001036 EMAPA:16738 FMA:45662 MA:0000435 OpenCyc:Mx4rQRqjUgAKEdyHxgDggVfs8g VHOG:0000382 uberon UBERON:0001558 lower respiratory tract A fleshy subdivision of one side of the face bounded by an eye, ear and the nose. Surface structure that includes the scales, skin, and muscles that are located ventral and posterior to the eye.[TAO] buccal In many animals the inside of the cheek is lined with mucous membrane covered with stratified squamous epithelium and supplied with secretions from buccal glands. BTO:0001754 FMA:46476 GAID:65 MA:0002475 MESH:D002610 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi5WZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0002113 UMLS:C0007966 galen:Cheek uberon buccae jowl UBERON:0001567 cheek The ciliary muscle is a ring of smooth muscle in the middle layer of the eye that controls the eye's accommodation for viewing objects at varying distances and regulates the flow of aqueous humour through Schlemm's canal. [WP,unvetted]. BTO:0000654 EMAPA:35240 FMA:49151 MA:0001269 UMLS:C0559230 musculus ciliarus uberon Bowman`s muscles ciliaris musculus ciliaris UBERON:0001605 ciliary muscle An artery that supplies the myocardium. BTO:0000290 CALOHA:TS-0176 EFO:0002551 EMAPA:19160 EMAPA:25968 EV:0100383 FMA:49893 MA:0002453 OpenCyc:Mx4rvoL56ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0205042 VHOG:0001557 ZFA:0005812 galen:CoronaryArtery coronary arterial tree uberon coronary vessel UBERON:0001621 coronary artery Organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical work[GO]. Portion of tissue composed of contractile fibers.[TAO] It seems clear that the metazoan ancestor inherited from its unicellular descendants an actin cytoskeleton and motor-proteins of the myosin superfamily. Within metazoans, these two molecules were arranged into effective contractile units, the muscles. The basic trends for muscle evolution are already expressed in the diploblastic taxa.[well established][VHOG] muscular muscle AAO:0011066 EMAPA:32715 EV:0100146 FMA:5022 GAID:131 MA:0000015 OpenCyc:Mx4rv2kf-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0005145 VHOG:0001245 XAO:0000172 ZFA:0005145 galen:Muscle uberon UBERON:0001630 muscle organ An epithelial tube or tree of tibes that transports blood away from the heart[modified from AEO definition]. Note that in FMA an artery is a tree, whereas AEO/JB defines it as a tube; FMA includes a separate class for what it calls the trunk. Classification in this ontology may currently (Jan 2012) represent a mix of both schemes, although we are gradually revising in the direction of the AEO scheme. Part of the circulatory system composed of blood vessels which carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.[AAO] The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG] arterial AAO:0010211 AEO:0000208 BTO:0000573 CALOHA:TS-0054 EFO:0000814 EHDAA2:0000143 EHDAA2:0003253 EMAPA:35147 EV:0100026 FMA:50720 GAID:468 MA:0000064 MAT:0000034 MESH:D001158 MIAA:0000034 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjknZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000005 UMLS:C0003842 VHOG:0001251 XAO:0000114 ZFA:0000005 galen:Artery arterial subtree arterial tree organ part arteries uberon arterial system arterial vessel UBERON:0001637 artery Any of the tubular branching vessels that carry blood from the capillaries toward the heart. TODO - check with MA - vein vs venous blood vessel Part of the circulatory system composed of blood vessels which carry blood from other organs, tissues, and cells to the heart.[AAO] The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG] venous subtree venous vessel AAO:0010212 AEO:0000209 BTO:0000234 CALOHA:TS-1108 EFO:0000816 EHDAA2:0003254 EMAPA:35906 EV:0100031 FMA:50723 GAID:492 MA:0000067 MAT:0000037 MESH:D014680 MIAA:0000037 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjkWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000082 UMLS:C0042449 VHOG:0001743 XAO:0000115 ZFA:0000082 galen:Vein venous tree organ part uberon vascular element vena venae UBERON:0001638 vein Sense organ in vertebrates that is specialized for the detection of sound, and the maintenance of balance. Includes the outer ear and middle ear, which collect and transmit sound waves; and the inner ear, which contains the organs of balance and (except in fish) hearing. Also includes the pinna, the visible part of the outer ear, present in some mammals. The organ of hearing and of equilibrium. [TFD][VHOG] Both vertebrate and invertebrate auditory organs are thought to have evolved from primitive mechanosensors, but the nature of the ancestral structure and the evolutionary trajectories followed in distinct animal lineages remain unknown. In particular, we do not know how many types of mechanosensor existed in the protostome-deuterostome ancestor from which insects and vertebrates evolved or whether the PDA had an auditory organ.[well established][VHOG] auricular AAO:0011014 BTO:0000368 CALOHA:TS-1165 EFO:0000826 EHDAA2:0000423 EHDAA:502 EMAPA:16193 EV:0100353 FMA:52780 GAID:62 MA:0000236 MAT:0000138 MESH:D004423 MIAA:0000138 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViXS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjL05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0013443 UMLS:C0521421 VHOG:0000330 XAO:0000189 galen:Ear uberon auditory apparatus auris UBERON:0001690 ear Subdivision of skeletal system that surrounds and protects the brain. Includes the skull base, sensory capsules and the central part of the skull roof. Anatomical cluster that consists of the cartilages and bones that surround the brain.[TAO] neurocranial It includes the following bones: Ethmoid bone, Frontal bone, Occipital bone, Parietal bone, Sphenoid bone, Temporal bone. The term cranium can be ambiguous, in that it can refer to the neurocranium, or the neurocranium and the Facial skeleton The cartilaginous parts of the neurocranium undergo endochondral ossification in most species; ossification has been lost in cartilaginous fishes, but the cartilaginous condition of the skull of lampreys is considered to be primitive (Kardong, 1995)[PMID:11523816]. The neurocranium arises from paraxial mesoderm in the head (first five somites and the unsegmented somitomeres rostral to the first somite) and from ectoderm via the neural crest. In Chondrichthyes and other cartilaginous vertebrates this portion of the cranium does not ossify; it is not replaced via endochondral ossification[WP]. It seems MA uses 'neurocranium' as a synonym for chondrocranium. Note there are currently some structures part of both viscero and neurocranium - ethmoid, zyogomatic, ... AAO:0010153 EHDAA2:0000243 EMAPA:17681 FMA:53672 MA:0000317 TAO:0001580 XAO:0003170 ZFA:0001580 brain box uberon brain case brain pan braincase UBERON:0001703 neurocranium A horn-like keratin structure covering the dorsal aspect of the terminal phalanges of fingers and toes[WP]. Use this class for both the nails of primates and the homologous claws of mammals such as mouse. A primate's nail consists of the unguis alone; the subunguis has disappeared BTO:0001719 CALOHA:TS-2034 EFO:0000956 EMAPA:35580 EV:0100159 FMA:54326 GAID:1320 MA:0002703 MAT:0000158 MESH:D009262 MIAA:0000158 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjJv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0027342 VHOG:0001361 XAO:0003103 galen:Nail nail/claw claw uberon talon UBERON:0001705 The nails of humans and the claws are moth are highly similar. Both species have a proximal nail fold, cuticle, nail matrix, nail bed, nail plate, and hyponychium. Distinguishing features are the shape of the nail and the presence of an extended hyponychium in the mouse [PMC3579226] nail Subdivision of skeleton which includes upper and lower jaw skeletons. TODO - move ZFA:0001227 (it is the entire jaw skeleton). Skeletal and cartilage elements of the first pharyngeal arch.[TAO] There are cellular contributions from all three embryonic germ layers: pharyngeal mesoderm, endoderm and neural crest that migrates out of the ectoderm (Noden, 1983). in FMA, the jaw is an organism subdivision cluster, and includes mucosal tissue such as the gingiva as parts. It appears to be skeletal in MA (and has teeth as parts). It is reasonable to assume that ZFA and XAO consider the upper and lower jaws to be skeletal elements or clusters. EHDAA2 also considers these clusters. TODO - follow EHDAA2 model. These arbitrary differences in terminology and classification have to be reconciled with the genuine well-known biological differences in the skeletal elements across vertebrates AAO:0000988 BTO:0001749 EMAPA:35455 FMA:54396 GAID:214 MA:0001905 MESH:D007568 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjjEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001227 UMLS:C0022359 ZFA:0001227 galen:Jaw jaw jaw cartilage mandibular arch skeleton uberon anterior splanchnocranium jaws mandibular arch oral jaw skeleton pharyngeal arch 1 skeleton visceral arch 1 UBERON:0001708 jaw skeleton Subdivision of head that consists of the lower jaw skeletal elements plus associated soft tissue (skin, lips, muscle)[cjm]. Inferior mandibular arch located on the anterior and lateral sides of the skull.[AAO] Subsequent vertebrate evolution has also involved major alterations to the pharynx; perhaps the most notable occurred with the evolution of the gnathostomes. This involved substantial modifications to the most anterior pharyngeal segments, with the jaw forming from the first, anterior, pharyngeal segment, while the second formed its supporting apparatus, the hyoid.[well established][VHOG] Note isa/partof difference MA/FMA AAO:0000272 EFO:0003660 EHDAA2:0001018 EHDAA:7995 EMAPA:17906 FMA:59398 MESH:D008334 VHOG:0000453 ncithesaurus:Lower_Jaw mandibular part of mouth uberon lower part of mouth mandibular series UBERON:0001710 See notes for jaw w.r.t skeletal element vs subdivision of head lower jaw region A fold of skin that covers and protects part of the eyeball. Examples: upper eyelid, lower eyelid, nictitating membrane blepharic palpebral In humans the upper and lower eyelid consists of the following layers, starting anteriorly: (1) skin, (2) a layer of subcutaneous connective tissue, (3) a layer of striated muscle fibres of the orbicularis muscle, (4) a layer of submuscular connective tissue, (5) a fibrous layer, including the tarsal plates, (6) a layer of smooth muscle, (7) the palpebral conjunctiva. Consider adding 'eye surface', like MA FMA divides this into skin, fascia, conjunctiva BTO:0002241 EHDAA2:0000487 EHDAA:9037 EMAPA:17829 EV:0100338 FMA:54437 GAID:72 MA:0000268 MESH:D005143 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi4m5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0015426 VHOG:0000016 blepharon eye lid palpebra uberon blephara palpebrae UBERON:0001711 eyelid the groups of nerve cell bodies associated with the twelve cranial nerves Ganglion which is located in the head.[TAO] UBERON:0003213 UBERON:0026601 BTO:0000106 EFO:0000902 EMAPA:16659 FMA:54502 MA:0000213 MA:0000214 MAT:0000200 MIAA:0000200 TAO:0000013 VHOG:0000076 XAO:0000027 ZFA:0000013 cranial ganglion cranial ganglion part of peripheral nervous system cranial ganglion/nerve cranial nerve ganglion cranial neural ganglion cranial neural tree organ ganglion ganglion of cranial nerve ganglion of cranial neural tree organ uberon cranial ganglia head ganglion presumptive cranial ganglia UBERON:0001714 cranial ganglion A muscular organ in the floor of the mouth. in MA the tongue is part of the oral region, which in uberon is treated as the oral opening. consider revising oral opening - oral region equivalence. A mobile mass of muscular tissue that is covered with mucous membrane, occupies much of the cavity of the mouth, forms part of its floor, bears the organ of taste, and assists in chewing and swallowing. [TFD][VHOG] Muscular organ in the floor of the mouth.[FEED] The tongue is the movable, muscular organ on the floor of the mouth of most vertebrates, in many other mammals is the principal organ of taste, aids in the prehension of food, in swallowing, and in modifying the voice as in speech[GO][GO:0043586]. Most adult amphibians have a tongue, as do all known reptiles, birds and mammals. Thus it is likely that the tongue appeared with the establishment of tetrapods and this structure seems to be related, to some extant, to the terrestrial lifestyle.[well established][VHOG] glossal lingual Many species of fish have small folds at the base of their mouths that might informally be called tongues, but they lack a muscular structure like the true tongues found in most tetrapods The tongue has contributions from all pharyngeal arches which changes with time. The tongue initially begins as swelling rostral to foramen cecum, the median tongue bud.. tongue muscles derive from the somites - http://php.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php?title=Tongue_Development#Pharyngeal_Arch_Contributions AAO:0010360 BTO:0001385 CALOHA:TS-1050 EFO:0000833 EHDAA2:0002062 EHDAA:9144 EMAPA:17185 EV:0100058 FMA:54640 GAID:816 MA:0000347 MAT:0000040 MESH:D014059 MIAA:0000040 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjmJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA_53KXLq9EdqAAAACs6hnmQ TAO:0005333 UMLS:C0040408 VHOG:0000419 XAO:0000446 ZFA:0005333 uberon glossus UBERON:0001723 tongue the circular lymphoid tissue formed by the lingual, pharyngeal, and facial tonsils FMA:55070 MA:0000752 UMLS:C0459892 Waldeyer's ring Waldeyer's tonsillar ring anulus lymphoideus pharyngis oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue pharyngeal lymphatic ring pharyngeal lymphoid ring uberon UBERON:0001735 tonsillar ring A continuation of the pharynx that is involved in breathing, sound production, and protecting the trachea against food aspiration. An anatomical cluster consisting of the epiglottus, the arytenoid cartilages, the thyroid cartilage, the cricoid cartilage and the muscles, membranes, and ligaments connecting them, and also of the mucosal covering these structures.[FEED] Anatomical structure consisting of a narrowly triangular chamber supported by a series of semicircular cartilages in which part of the sound-production system is located.[AAO] (In anura) a dorsal pair of arytenoid cartilages (...), which support vocal cords, and a ventral pair (often fused) of cricoid cartilage (...). These cartilages are regarded as derivatives of posterior visceral arches of ancestors. Together they constitute the larynx, a structure characteristic of tetrapods. (...) (In mammals) Paired arytenoid cartilages help support and control the vocal cords. The cricoid cartilage is single. Two additional cartilages are present that are lacking in other vertebrates: a large ventral thyroid cartilage (...) and a cartilage in the epiglottis.[well established][VHOG] laryngeal AAO:0000268 BTO:0001208 CALOHA:TS-0532 EFO:0000838 EHDAA2:0004063 EMAPA:18333 EV:0100039 FMA:55097 GAID:108 MA:0000414 MAT:0000187 MESH:D007830 MIAA:0000187 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViOnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0023078 VHOG:0001279 XAO:0003081 galen:Larynx uberon Kehlkopf@ge UBERON:0001737 larynx Portion of connective tissue with various types of white blood cells enmeshed in it, most numerous being the lymphocytes[WP]. BTO:0000753 CALOHA:TS-0584 FMA:55220 GAID:342 MA:0002436 MESH:D008221 UMLS:C0024296 galen:LymphoidTissue lymphatic tissue lymphocytic tissue uberon UBERON:0001744 lymphoid tissue Cranial nerve that branches into the lateral (to body sense organs) and the intestino-accessorial (to the skin, muscles of shoulder, hyoid, larynx, gut, lungs, and heart). Nerve consisting of branchiomotor and visceral efferent fibers which branch and innervate the smooth muscles and glands of the heart, lungs, esophagus, and stomach as well as some throat muscles. Sensory fibers supply mucosa of the mouth and pharynx.[AAO] We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] 10n AAO:0010475 BAMS:10n BAMS:Xn BTO:0003472 EFO:0002549 FMA:5731 GAID:721 HBA:9337 MA:0001106 MBA:917 MESH:D014630 OpenCyc:Mx4rviHk2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000453 UMLS:C0042276 UMLS:C1305910 VHOG:0000737 XAO:0003097 ZFA:0000453 galen:VagusNerve http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=702 Vagus nerve [X] nervus vagus [x] tenth cranial nerve vagus vagus X nerve vagus nerve tree uberon CN-X cranial nerve X nerve X nervus vagus pneuomgastric nerve vagal nerve vagus nerve or its root UBERON:0001759 vagus nerve the pigmented middle of the three concentric layers that make up an eye, consisting of the iris, ciliary body and choroid[WP,edited]. TODO - check child terms, isa vs partof. See also MA:0001284 ! tunica vasculosa plexus uveal CALOHA:TS-2228 EMAPA:35901 FMA:58103 GAID:912 MA:0002480 MESH:D014602 UMLS:C0042160 tunica vasculosa of eyeball uvea uveal tract uberon pars iridica retinae tunica vasculatis oculi tunica vasculosa bulbi vascular layer of eyeball UBERON:0001768 uvea the adjustable membrane, composed of the stroma and pigmented epithelium, located just in front of the crystalline lens within the eye The opaque muscular contractile diaphragm suspended in the aqueous humour in front of the lens of the eye. The organ is perforated by the pupil and continues peripherally with the ciliary body. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG] iridial The avian iris and ciliary body undergoes a transition from smooth-to-striated muscle during embryonic development [doi:dx.doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1998.9019] AAO:0010347 BTO:0000653 CALOHA:TS-0491 EFO:0004245 EMAPA:19154 EV:0100345 FMA:58235 GAID:917 MA:0000273 MESH:D007498 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjbppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001238 UMLS:C0022077 VHOG:0000101 XAO:0000185 ZFA:0001238 uberon anterior uvea irides irises UBERON:0001769 iris the smooth stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the cornea Portion of tissue comprised of four to six layers of nonkeratinized, stratified squamous cells and represents approximately 60% of the thickness of the cornea.[TAO] In Humans: It consists of several layers of cells. The cells of the deepest layer are columnar; then follow two or three layers of polyhedral cells, the majority of which are prickle cells similar to those found in the stratum mucosum of the cuticle. Lastly, there are three or four layers of squamous cells, with flattened nuclei In zebrafish: nonpigmented, stratified squamous nonkeratinizing epithelial cells, attached to a thick basement membrane that is considered to be analogous to the Bowman's membrane in mammals BTO:0000287 CALOHA:TS-0173 EFO:0001917 EHDAA2:0000319 EMAPA:17162 FMA:58263 GAID:895 MA:0001243 MESH:D019573 TAO:0002187 UMLS:C0459875 ZFA:0001683 anterior corneal epithelium cornea epithelial tissue cornea epithelium epithelial tissue of cornea epithelium anterius (cornea) epithelium anterius corneae epithelium corneæ anterior layer epithelium of cornea external epithelium of cornea uberon anterior endothelium of cornea e. anterius corneae endothelium anterius corneae endothelium camerae anterioris bulbi endothelium corneale epithelium posterius corneae UBERON:0001772 corneal epithelium Opaque fibrous outer layer of the eyeball[ZFA,Kardong,WP]. The sclera, also known as the white part of the eye, is the opaque (usually white, though certain animals, such as horses and lizards, can have black sclera), fibrous, protective, outer layer of the eye containing collagen and elastic fiber. It is derived from the neural crest. In children, it is thinner and shows some of the underlying pigment, appearing slightly blue. In the elderly, however, fatty deposits on the sclera can make it appear slightly yellow. The sclera forms the posterior five sixths of the connective tissue coat of the globe. It is continuous with the dura mater and the cornea, and maintains the shape of the globe, offering resistance to internal and external forces, and provides an attachment for the extraocular muscle insertions. The sclera is perforated by plenty of nerves and vessels passing through the posterior scleral foramen, the hole that is formed by the optic nerve. At the optic disk the outer two-thirds of the sclera continues with the dura mater (outer coat of the brain) via the dural sheath of the optic nerve. The inner third joins with some choroidal tissue to form a plate (lamina cribrosa) across the optic nerve with perforations through which the optic fibers (fasciculi). The thickness of the sclera varies from 1mm at the posterior pole to 0.3 mm just behind the rectus muscle insertions. The sclera's blood vessels are mainly on the surface, and together with the conjunctiva (which lies on top) This is a thin layer covering the sclera. Along with the vessels of the conjunctiva, those of the sclera renders the inflamed eye bright red. [WP,unvetted][Wikipedia:Sclera]. The tough, usually white, outer coat of the eyeball, covering all the posterior surface and continuous anteriorly with the cornea. [TFD][VHOG] scleral in fish, reptiles and monotremes the connective tissue of the sclera is skeletal continuous with the dura mater and the cornea; The sclera forms the posterior five-sixths of the connective tissue coat of the globe. Majority derives from NC that surrounds optic cup of neurectoderm; a small temporal portion develops from the mesoderm that contributes to striated extra-ocular muscles and vascular endothelia[Rada&Johnson]. Seko et al demonstrate chondrogenic potential and identify this as connective tissue[doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003709]. AAO:0010354 BTO:0001606 EMAPA:19027 EV:0100342 FMA:58269 GAID:911 MA:0000280 MESH:D012590 OpenCyc:Mx4rv7yR55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0036410 VHOG:0001274 XAO:0000183 ZFA:0005563 uberon scleral capsule UBERON:0001773 Disease notes: implicated in rheumatoid arthritis. sclera A skeletal muscle organ that is part of the trunk region. Note that this class excludes smooth muscle elements in the trunk region, such as the internal anal sphincter. This appears to be consistent with other ontologies such as FMA and ZFA which appear to only include skeletal muscles here. In fact the MA class 'trunk muscle' is classified as a 'set of skeletal muscles'. Many ontologies do not appear to have a coherent distinction between an individual muscle and the musculature (i.e. the set of muscles in a region), so we group all together here. AAO:0000611 EMAPA:35888 FMA:58274 MA:0000514 TAO:0000473 XAO:0003230 ZFA:0000473 body musculature muscle of trunk muscle organ of torso muscle organ of trunk torso muscle organ trunk muscle trunk muscle organ trunk musculature uberon UBERON:0001774 skeletal muscle of trunk the thickened portion of the vascular tunic, which lies between the choroid and the iris, composed of ciliary muscle and ciliary processes The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010341 BTO:0000260 CALOHA:TS-0694 EMAPA:19065 EV:0100346 FMA:58295 GAID:916 MA:0000264 MESH:D002924 UMLS:C0008779 VHOG:0000102 XAO:0000186 ocular ciliary body uberon anterior uvea ciliary bodies corpus ciliare UBERON:0001775 ciliary body vascular layer containing connective tissue, of the eye lying between the retina and the sclera. The choroid provides oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers of the retina. Along with the ciliary body and iris, the choroid forms the uveal tract[WP]. check choroid vs choroid layer; check ZFA/TAO placement - no homology assertion in VHOG. Note this is entirely in the posterior region of eyeball in ZFA choroidal MP treats posterior uvea and optic choroid as distinct BTO:0001829 CALOHA:TS-2054 EMAPA:19077 EV:0100347 FMA:58298 GAID:913 MA:0000263 MESH:D002829 TAO:0005229 UMLS:C0008520 VHOG:0001568 ZFA:0005229 choroid choroid coat choroidea eye choroid posterior uvea uberon chorioid choroidea optic choroid UBERON:0001776 optic choroid the any of the paired peripheral nerves formed by the union of the dorsal and ventral spinal roots from each spinal cord segment[MP,modified] Any of the paired nerves emerging from the spinal cord, each attached to the cord by two roots: ventral and dorsal, and passing out between the vertebrae. [TFD][VHOG] AAO:0011101 BAMS:spin BTO:0000870 EHDAA2:0001898 EMAPA:16989 FMA:5858 GAID:841 MA:0000233 MESH:D013127 OpenCyc:Mx4rwK_iFJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0037941 VHOG:0000824 XAO:0003101 backbone nerve nerve of backbone nerve of spinal column nerve of spine nerve of vertebral column spinal column nerve spinal nerve tree spine nerve vertebral column nerve uberon nervi spinales spinal nerves UBERON:0001780 spinal nerve Any of the layers that make up the retina[MP]. MA does not treat internal/external limiting memranes as layers - these are classified as laminae. Here we follow other ontologies in grouping with other layers. MA also treats retinal pigment epithelium and neural retina epithelium as distinct from the layers. We follow ontologies such as FMA and ZFA in first dividing into pigmented and neural layers - these are also classified as layers, giving us over the usual 10 layers AAO:0010353 EMAPA:35742 FMA:58617 MA:0001319 UMLS:C0459649 XAO:0000266 retina layer retina neuronal layer retinal layer retinal neuronal layer uberon UBERON:0001781 layer of retina Cranial nerves are nerves that emerge directly from the brain, in contrast to spinal nerves, which emerge from segments of the spinal cord. classified as neural tree organ, not nerve in FMA. CN II poses a challenge here as it is not strictly a nerve, yet is expected to be classified under CN. Twelve pairs of cranial nerves exit/enter the cranium through openings in the skull. The nerves contain efferent axons with motor and glandular functions, as well as afferent axons from cranial ganglia with sensory functions. The nerves are numbered in a rostral to caudal sequence, with the exception of the lateral line nerves.[TAO] We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...).[well established][VHOG] See https://github.com/obophenotype/mouse-anatomy-ontology/issues/6 AAO:0000108 BAMS:cran BTO:0001104 EHDAA2:0000323 EMAPA:17264 FMA:5865 GAID:802 HBA:9299 MA:0000215 MBA:967 MESH:D003391 OpenCyc:Mx4rvWvJVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000641 UMLS:C0010268 UMLS:C1269897 VHOG:0000279 XAO:0000429 XAO:0003089 ZFA:0000641 cranial neural tree organ uberon cranial nerves nervus cranialis UBERON:0001785 cranial nerve any of the parts of the eye that lie in front of, or ventral to, the lens (inclusive) EMAPA:36594 FMA:58865 MA:0002484 MESH:D000869 UMLS:C0003153 ZFA:0005566 anterior eye segment anterior segment eye anterior segment of eye anterior segment of the eye eye anterior segment segmentum anterius (bulbus oculi) uberon segmentum anterius bulbi oculi UBERON:0001801 anterior segment of eyeball any of the parts of the eye that lie in back of, or dorsal to, the lens (but not inclusive) EMAPA:36595 FMA:58868 MA:0002485 UMLS:C0278450 ZFA:0005567 eye posterior segment posterior eye segment posterior segment eye posterior segment of eye posterior segment of the eye segmentum posterius (bulbus oculi) uberon segmentum posterius bulbi oculi UBERON:0001802 posterior segment of eyeball Anatomical junction where subdivisions of two or more neural trees interconnect with one another to form a network through which nerve fibers of the constituent nerve trees become regrouped; together with other nerve plexuses, nerves and ganglia, it constitutes the peripheral nervous system. Examples: cervical nerve plexus, brachial nerve plexus, sacral nerve plexus[FMA]. in FMA this is a subtype of junction rather than tissue plexus AEO:0000138 BTO:0000205 EHDAA2:0003138 EHDAA:3780 FMA:5901 MA:0002407 UMLS:C0501403 uberon UBERON:0001810 nerve plexus an intermingling of fiber fascicles from adjacent spinal nerves to form a network. To reach the muscles, dermatomes, and other structures of the limbs, some of the neurons in the spinal nerves come together in the plexus at the base of the limb. Such plexuses occur in all gnathostomes, and they reach their highest complexity among mammals and birds in which the cervical plexus supplies many ventral neck muscles, the brachial plexus supplies the pectoral appendage, a lumbosacral plexus supplies the pelvic appendage, and a coccygeal plexus supplies some of the pelvic muscles.[well established][VHOG] EHDAA2:0001899 EMAPA:16987 FMA:5903 MA:0000235 UMLS:C0228603 VHOG:0000925 plexus nervorum spinalium plexus of spinal nerves somatic nerve plexus spinal nerve plexus uberon UBERON:0001813 spinal nerve plexus An arrangement of nerve fibers, running from the spine that travels to the pelvic appendage where it innervates skin and muscle. BAMS:lsp EHDAA2:0001040 EHDAA:4673 EMAPA:17587 FMA:5907 GAID:849 MA:0001181 MESH:D008160 OpenCyc:Mx4rvzYo75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0024093 VHOG:0000926 lumbosacral plexus plexus lumbosacralis uberon plexus lumbosacralis UBERON:0001815 lumbosacral nerve plexus One of the three largest glands of the oral cavity that secrete most of the saliva, including the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. There are 3 pairs of major salivary glands in human and mouse FMA:59788 MA:0002478 UMLS:C0930553 galen:MajorSalivaryGland uberon UBERON:0001829 major salivary gland The parotid gland is the largest of the salivary glands. It is found wrapped around the mandibular ramus, and it secretes saliva through Stensen's duct into the oral cavity, to facilitate mastication and swallowing. [WP,unvetted]. A mammalian salivary gland located caudal to the ear. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-22, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG] The most common oral glands in mammals are the salivary glands. There are usually three primary pairs of salivary glands, named for their approximate positions: mandibular (submandibular or submaxillary), sublingual, and parotid.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010095 BTO:0001004 CALOHA:TS-0748 EFO:0002558 EMAPA:18537 EV:0100060 FMA:59790 GAID:938 MA:0001585 MESH:D010306 OpenCyc:Mx4rvqwyg5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0030580 VHOG:0000308 galen:ParotidGland parotid uberon glandula parotidea UBERON:0001831 The mouse parotid, exorbital lacrimal gland and exocrine pancreas have similar histological appearances[ISBN10:0123813611] parotid gland One of the two fleshy folds which surround the opening of the mouth. Surface structure that is one of the two fleshy folds surrounding the opening of the mouth.[TAO] labial BTO:0001647 CALOHA:TS-0558 EMAPA:32839 FMA:59816 GAID:76 MA:0000343 MESH:D008046 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi4U5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0007006 UMLS:C0023759 VHOG:0000677 ZFA:0007006 galen:Lip uberon labia oris lips UBERON:0001833 lip A fluid produced in the oral cavity by salivary glands, typically used in predigestion, but also in other functions. salivary We classify a wide variety of not necessarily homologous fluids here. In humans, the saliva is a turbid and slightly viscous fluid, generally of an alkaline reaction, and is secreted by the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands. In the mouth the saliva is mixed with the secretion from the buccal glands. In man and many animals, saliva is an important digestive fluid on account of the presence of the peculiar enzyme, ptyalin BTO:0001202 CALOHA:TS-0891 EMAPA:36536 ENVO:02000036 FMA:59862 GAID:1167 MA:0002507 MAT:0000444 MESH:D012463 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjJ95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0036087 galen:Saliva salivary gland secretion uberon sailva normalis saliva atomaris saliva molecularis UBERON:0001836 saliva One of three half-circular, interconnected tubes located inside each ear[WP]. Fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in the ear, that detect angular accelerations. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.)[TAO] In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus. These ducts are sometimes called canals, but technically the term semicircular canal applies to the spaces in the osseus labyrinth in which the semicircular ducts lie.[uncertain][VHOG] detects angular acceleration MA divides this into osseous and duct. In FMA, this is systemically part of the bony labyrinth. Note this is an anatomical space in ZFA. The MA treatment has advantages for representing the neuroepithelium, which should not be part of bone. Also check duct vs canal AAO:0011098 BTO:0003383 CALOHA:TS-2164 EMAPA:32832 EV:0100365 FMA:60186 GAID:776 MA:0000249 MESH:D012665 TAO:0000431 UMLS:C0036622 VHOG:0001144 XAO:0000198 ZFA:0000431 semicircular canals uberon canalis semicircularis ductus semicirculares scc semicircular ducts UBERON:0001840 semicircular canal One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.)[TAO] relationship loss: develops_from lateral semicircular canal primordium (TAO:0000232)[TAO] detects angular acceleration EHDAA2:0000920 EHDAA:7790 EMAPA:17821 FMA:60193 MA:0001208 TAO:0000220 ZFA:0000220 uberon horizontal semicircular canal lateral semicircular canals lateral semicircular duct UBERON:0001843 lateral semicircular canal Complex labyrinthine structure that comprises sensory endorgans specialized for vestibular, auditory, and acoustico-vestibular sensation. The auditory (hearing) and vestibular (balance) organ of the fish, equivalent to the inner ear of amniotes. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO] The labyrinth, or inner ear, evolved very early in vertebrate history and, with many variations in configuration but none of basic design and function, has been retained by all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0000238 BTO:0000630 CALOHA:TS-0478 EFO:0001363 EHDAA2:0000831 EHDAA:504 EMAPA:16194 EV:0100361 FMA:60909 GAID:871 MA:0000237 MAT:0000145 MESH:D007758 MIAA:0000145 OpenCyc:Mx4rwJ8SsJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000217 UMLS:C0022889 UMLS:C1268973 VHOG:0000284 XAO:0000192 ZFA:0000217 galen:InnerEar inner ear uberon auris interna labyrinth otocyst UBERON:0001846 internal ear Organ with organ cavity which consists of the vestibular labyrinth and the cochlear labyrinth. The membranous labyrinth is lodged within the bony labyrinth and has the same general form; it is, however, considerably smaller and is partly separated from the bony walls by a quantity of fluid, the perilymph.[FMA, WP] A system of communicating epithelial sacs and ducts within the bony labyrinth, containing the endolymph. [TFD][VHOG] The labyrinth, or inner ear, evolved very early in vertebrate history and, with many variations in configuration but none of basic design and function, has been retained by all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG] inner ear has parts membranous and osseuous/bony labyrinth. it's not clear where the EMAPA term 'labyrinth' belong, we place them here for now UBERON:0010113 AAO:0011060 EHDAA2:0000899 EHDAA:4698 EMAPA:17815 EV:0100367 FMA:61022 MA:0000242 UMLS:C0458700 VHOG:0000729 XAO:0000194 labyrinthus membranaceus uberon UBERON:0001849 membranous labyrinth Outermost layer of an organ[WP]. cortical this class is used more generically than in FMA, and includes e.g. cortex of hair EFO:0000383 EHDAA:9344 FMA:61109 galen:Cortex cortex cortex of organ uberon UBERON:0001851 cortex One of two bilateral, largely symmetrical organ subdivisions within the telencephalon which contain the cerebral cortex and cerebral white matter.[FMA] Part of the telencephalon consisting of either of the two smooth, elongated halves of the cerebrum.[AAO] The presence of paired evaginated hemispheres and olfactory bulbs in both agnathan and gnathostome radiations suggests that such hemispheres were also present in the common ancestor.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010480 BAMS:HEM BTO:0000231 CALOHA:TS-2007 DMBA:15739 EFO:0002521 EMAPA:16653 FMA:61817 MA:0000133 MBA:403 OpenCyc:Mx4rvigx5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0228174 UMLS:C0242202 VHOG:0001639 galen:CerebralHemisphere http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=241 uberon Hemispheric regions cerebrum hemisphere hemispherium cerebri medial amygdalar nucleus nucleus amygdaloideus medialis nucleus medialis amygdalae telencephalic vesicle UBERON:0001869 cerebral hemisphere Lower lateral part of the cerebral hemisphere. (MSH) BAMS:TL BAMS:Temporal_lobe BTO:0001355 CALOHA:TS-1020 DHBA:12139 EFO:0000917 EMAPA:18797 EV:0100169 FMA:61825 GAID:635 HBA:4132 MAT:0000508 MESH:A08.186.211.730.885.213.863 OpenCyc:Mx4rwQLi-ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0039485 UMLS:C1268978 http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=125 lobus temporalis temporal cortex uberon UBERON:0001871 Boundary notes: It is bounded dorsally by the lateral fissure and posteriorly by an arbitrary border shared with the occipital lobe. [Wikipedia:Temporal_lobe] temporal lobe A nerve that arises from the caudal cervical nerves and is primarily the motor nerve of the diaphragm but also sends sensory fibers to the pericardium. A nerve that arises from the caudal cervical nerves and is primarily the motor nerve of the diaphragm but also sends sensory fibers to the pericardium. [TFD][VHOG] BAMS:phn BTO:0001063 EHDAA:4677 EMAPA:17813 FMA:6191 GAID:848 MA:0001170 MESH:D010791 OpenCyc:Mx4rvtmdUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0031774 VHOG:0000728 uberon diaphragmatic nerve nervus phrenicus phrenic UBERON:0001884 phrenic nerve A network formed by blood vessels and the tela choroidea which secretes CSF into the ventricular spaces. TODO - check relationship to ventricle. Check subclass - ZFA says vasculature. Note that FMA:61934 (choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere) has exact synonym 'choroid plexus' but it is not clear that this belongs here, as the fourth ventricle is not in the cerebral hemisphere A tuft of capillaries that project into the ventricles of the brain and secretes cerebral spinal fluid. The choroid plexus is covered by a cuboidal epithelium which maintains the integrity of the blood-brain barrier.[TAO] Fringe of the tela choroidea of the brain ventricles[MP] choroidal CP BAMS:CHP BAMS:GHP BAMS:chp BAMS:chpl BTO:0000258 CALOHA:TS-0145 EFO:0001915 EMAPA:32741 FMA:61934 GAID:607 MA:0000823 MBA:108 MESH:D002831 TAO:0001443 UMLS:C0008524 VHOG:0001377 ZFA:0001443 chorioid plexus plexus choroideus uberon choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere plexus choroideus ventricular choroid plexus UBERON:0001886 choroid plexus The most anterior region the brain including both the telencephalon and diencephalon. Most anterior of the three regions of the brain consisting of the telencephalon and diencephalon.[AAO] The most anterior region the brain including both the telencephalon and diencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] relationship loss: develops_from forebrain neural tube (TAO:0007041)[TAO] In craniate embryos, neural expression of Distal-less-related genes is exclusively in the forebrain (...). Because the major neural expression domain of amphioxus AmphiDll is in the anterior three-fourths of the cerebral vesicle, we suggest that this region of the neural tube is homologous to parts of the craniate forebrain. This conclusion is strongly supported by three-dimensional, computer-assisted reconstruction of the neural tube of amphioxus based on serial transmission electron microscopy. At the neuroanatomical level, a number of detailed homologies are indicated between the anterior three-fourths of the amphioxus cerebral vesicle and the diencephalic region of the craniate forebrain. If one assumes that the amphioxus condition fairly represents the nervous system of the proximate ancestor of the craniates, one can suggest that they evolved from a creature that had the beginnings of a forebrain.[well established][VHOG] prosencephalic FB AAO:0010147 BAMS:FB BAMS:Forebrain BTO:0000478 CALOHA:TS-0380 DHBA:10156 DMBA:15566 EFO:0000909 EHDAA2:0000556 EHDAA:3470 EMAPA:16895 FMA:61992 MA:0000170 MAT:0000105 MESH:D016548 MIAA:0000105 TAO:0000109 UMLS:C0085140 VHOG:0000383 XAO:0000011 ZFA:0000109 http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=27 uberon prosencephalon UBERON:0001890 forebrain The midbrain is the middle division of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes a ventral part containing the cerebral peduncles and a dorsal tectum containing the corpora quadrigemina and that surrounds the aqueduct of Sylvius connecting the third and fourth ventricles)[GO]. developmental relationships need revised Middle part of the brain composed of the optic tectum and penducular region.[AAO] The brain region between the forebrain anteriorly and the hindbrain posteriorly, including the tectum dorsally and the midbrain tegmentum ventrally. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] Fine structural, computerized three-dimensional (3D) mapping of cell connectivity in the amphioxus nervous system and comparative molecular genetic studies of amphioxus and tunicates have provided recent insights into the phylogenetic origin of the vertebrate nervous system. The results suggest that several of the genetic mechanisms for establishing and patterning the vertebrate nervous system already operated in the ancestral chordate and that the nerve cord of the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates included a diencephalon, midbrain, hindbrain, and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG] mesencephalic part of brainstem in ABA - we reject this in favor of ISBN10:0471888893 which has an implicit overlaps relationships MB AAO:0010149 BAMS:MES BM:MB BTO:0000138 CALOHA:TS-0630 DHBA:10648 DMBA:16649 EFO:0000919 EHDAA2:0001162 EHDAA:3694 EMAPA:16974 EV:0100242 FMA:61993 HBA:9001 MA:0000207 MAT:0000106 MBA:313 MESH:D008636 MIAA:0000106 OpenCyc:Mx4rvsBUqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001104 TAO:0000128 UMLS:C0025462 VHOG:0000069 XAO:0000014 ZFA:0000128 http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=462 uberon mesencephalon UBERON:0001891 midbrain Part of the forebrain consisting of paired olfactory bulbs and cerebral hemispheres. Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the cerebral cortex, cerebral white matter, basal ganglia, septum and fornix, as well as subcortical gray and white matter structures[FMA:62000]. Part of the forebrain consisting of paired olfactory bulbs and cerebral hemispheres.[AAO] The anterior and dorsal forebrain neuromere, includes the olfactory bulb. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] relationship loss: develops_from presumptive telencephalon (TAO:0000571)[TAO] From an evolutionary standpoint, the telencephalon is the most recent brain structure: the amphioxus does not have this structure as a morphological entity. Overt telencephalon is present in the hagfish and lamprey to receive numerous input fibers from various parts of the CNS, similar to gnathostomes.[well established][VHOG] cerebral telenencephalic In mammals the cortex covers almost the whole of the cerebral hemispheres. In ray-finned fishes the inner surfaces of the lateral and ventral regions of the cerebrum bulge up into the ventricles. In the amniotes, the cerebrum becomes increasingly large and complex. In reptiles, the paleopallium is much larger than in amphibians, and its growth has pushed the basal nuclei into the central regions of the cerebrum. In the most primitive living vertebrates, the hagfishes and lampreys, the cerebrum is a relatively simple structure receiving nerve impulses from the olfactory bulb. The cerebrum of birds has evolved along different lines to that of mammals, although they are similarly enlarged, by comparison with reptiles. However, this enlargement is largely due to the basal ganglia, with the other areas remaining relatively primitive in structure. dolphins are the only species (other than humans) to have cerebra accounting for as much as 2 percent of their body weight. supratentorial region AAO:0010479 BAMS:CB BAMS:CH BAMS:IV BAMS:Tel BM:Tel BTO:0000239 CALOHA:TS-1018 DHBA:10158 EFO:0000912 EHDAA2:0001982 EMAPA:16652 EMAPA:16910 EV:0100165 FMA:62000 GAID:621 HBA:4007 MA:0000183 MAT:0000421 MBA:567 MESH:D013687 MIAA:0000421 PBA:128011350 TAO:0000079 UMLS:C0039452 VHOG:0000283 XAO:0000012 ZFA:0000079 http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=31 cerebrum endbrain uberon UBERON:0001893 telencephalon Rostral segment of the hindbrain that has as its parts the pons (where present) and the cerebellum[WP,modified]. Anterior part of the hindbrain ventral to the cerebellum[NIFSTD:birnlex_965]. The anterior of two brain vesicles formed by specialization of the rhombencephalon in the developing embryo. It gives rise to cerebellum and pons. [TFD][VHOG] The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] epencephalon BAMS:Met BTO:0000673 CALOHA:TS-2029 DHBA:10655 EHDAA2:0001149 EHDAA:5498 EMAPA:17071 FMA:62003 GAID:594 HBA:4833 MA:0000197 MESH:D020540 UMLS:C0376353 UMLS:C1516904 VHOG:0000741 http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=543 epencephalon-2 uberon UBERON:0001895 the terms metencephalon and myelencephalon are only meaningful in mammals and birds[Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain]. In zebrafish, with the exception of the cerebellum, the ventral remainder of the metencephalon can be separated only arbitrarily from the more caudal myelencephalic portion of the medulla oblongata and thus these are not distinguished in ZFA[ZFA]. metencephalon Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the medullary reticular formation, inferior olivary complex and cochlear nuclear complex, among other structures[FMA]. The medulla oblongata lies directly above the spinal cord and controls vital autonomic functions such as digestion, breathing and the control of heart rate[GO]. Posterior portion of the hindbrain which controls respiration, heartbeat, digestion, and swallowing as well as some locomotor responses.[AAO] The posterior region of the brain that is continuous with the spinal cord. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-17, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG] Classical anatomical studies subdivided the vertebrate rhombencephalon into pons and medulla oblongata. (...) The medulla oblongata appears therefore as a tagma, that is, a group of segmental units (pseudorhombomeres, in this case) sharing some morphological and molecular characteristics, and in some aspects different from the segmental units present in adjoining brain regions, pons and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG] bulb medulla AAO:0010486 BAMS:MY BAMS:Md BM:Me BTO:0000041 CALOHA:TS-0607 DMBA:17352 EFO:0000924 EHDAA2:0001088 EHDAA:7588 EMAPA:17550 EV:0100275 FMA:62004 GAID:590 MA:0000206 MAT:0000111 MAT:0000367 MBA:354 MESH:D008526 MIAA:0000111 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjxSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA OpenCyc:Mx4rwCqnXJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000545 UMLS:C0025148 UMLS:C1269575 VHOG:0000181 XAO:0003100 ZFA:0000545 http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=698 bulbus uberon medulla oblonzata metepencephalon UBERON:0001896 medulla oblongata An endothelium that is part of an artery [Automatically generated definition]. The endothelium is the thin layer of cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels, forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall.[AAO] Vertebrates and a very few invertebrates such as squids have evolved a secondary epithelium, the endothelium, that lines their blood vessels.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011013 BTO:0004757 EMAPA:35148 FMA:62116 MA:0000707 UMLS:C1179025 VHOG:0001215 XAO:0000357 arterial endothelium artery endothelium uberon UBERON:0001917 endothelium of artery Ventral part of the midbrain, separated from the hindbrain by the isthmus[ISBN10:0471888893]. Subdivision of the midbrain lying anterior to the tectum and posterior to the substantia nigra and cerebral peduncle[FMA] The part of the midbrain extending from the substantia nigra to the cerebral aqueduct in a horizontal section of the midbrain. It forms the floor of the midbrain that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct[WP]. Together, our results reveal a shared basic organization in the tegmental domains of the diencephalon and midbrain of developing lamprey, indicating early appearance of the domain in vertebrate phylogeny.[well established][VHOG] MTg tegmentum BAMS:MTg BTO:0003388 DHBA:12195 EFO:0000921 EHDAA2:0004475 EMAPA:18215 FMA:62393 HBA:9002 MA:0000212 MAT:0000452 TAO:0000160 UMLS:C0039441 VHOG:0001367 XAO:0004271 ZFA:0000160 http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=491 tegmentum mesencephali tegmentum of midbrain uberon mesencephalic tegmentum tegmentum mesencephalicum UBERON:0001943 'tegmentum' is used generically for the ventral part of the brainstem (ISBN10:0471888893). We use the label 'midbrain tegmentum' to denote the midbrain structure. In NIFSTD tegmentum is a composite structure and there is a separate class for midbrain tegmentum and pontine tegmentum midbrain tegmentum A multi-tissue structure that is part of a spinal cord. UMLS:C1268166 uberon spinal cord part UBERON:0001948 regional part of spinal cord diffuse system of small concentrations of lymphoid tissue found in various sites of the body such as the gastrointestinal tract, thyroid, breast, lung, salivary glands, eye, and skin[WP]. Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue is typically found as nodules associated with mucosal epithelia with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes[GO]. todo - add part relationships to specific layers FMA:62819 MA:0000140 UMLS:C0599921 MALT epithelio-lymphoid tissue mucosa associated lymphatic tissue mucosa associated lymphoid tissue mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue mucosal-associated lymphatic tissue mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue uberon UBERON:0001961 mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in digestive tract. includes Peyer's patches, appendix, and solitary lymph nodules[GO]. phylogenetic relationships to be added guts of jawless fish contains cells with lymphocyte-like morphology (Mayer 2002). FMA:62820 MA:0000136 UMLS:C0596638 gut associated lymphoid tissue uberon GALT UBERON:0001962 gut-associated lymphoid tissue The liquid component of blood, in which erythrocytes are suspended. plasma portion of plasma BTO:0000131 CALOHA:TS-0800 EFO:0001905 EMAPA:35690 FMA:62970 GAID:1178 MA:0002501 MAT:0000052 MESH:D010949 MIAA:0000052 OpenCyc:Mx4rEg4ZYrIbEduAAAAOpmP6tw UMLS:C0032105 blood plasm portion of blood plasma uberon UBERON:0001969 blood plasma vital aqueous secretion of the liver that is formed by hepatocytes and modified down stream by absorptive and secretory properties of the bile duct epithelium. In many species, bile is stored in the gallbladder and upon eating is discharged into the duodenum. aids the process of digestion of lipids in the small intestine bile salts function to emulsify dietary fats and facilitate their intestinal absorption elimination of cholesterol major excretory route for potentially harmful exogenous lipophilic substances many hormones and pheromones are excreted in bile, and contribute to growth and development of the intestine in some species and provide attractants for the weaning of non-human vertebrates protects the organism from enteric infections by excreting immune globulin A (IgA), inflammatory cytokines, and stimulating the innate immune system in the intestine BTO:0000121 CALOHA:TS-1172 ENVO:02000023 FMA:62971 GAID:1157 MA:0002513 MESH:D001646 UMLS:C0005388 galen:Bile uberon fel gall UBERON:0001970 bile One of the minute vessels that collect deoxygenated blood from the capillary plexuses returns it to the veins Multi-tissue structure part of the blood vasculature formed by the anastomosis of capillaries. Venules carry blood toward the heart.[TAO] BTO:0002626 EMAPA:35917 FMA:63130 MA:0000071 MESH:A07.231.432.952 TAO:0005315 UMLS:C0042520 VHOG:0001765 ZFA:0005315 uberon venula UBERON:0001979 venule The smallest division of the artery located between the muscular arteries and the capillaries[GO]. Multi-tissue structure part of the blood vasculature, feeds into capillaries. Arterioles carry blood away from the heart.[TAO] Small, terminal branch of an artery which generally connects to capillaries.[AAO] AAO:0010253 BTO:0001997 EMAPA:35146 FMA:63182 MA:0000063 MESH:D001160 TAO:0002138 UMLS:C0003847 VHOG:0001763 ZFA:0005255 uberon arteriola UBERON:0001980 arteriole A vessel through which blood circulates in the body. consider adopting the EMAPA superclass 'vascular element', which includes microvasculature (e.g. capillaries), vascular plexus Any of the vessels through which blood circulates in the body. [XAO:0001011_][VHOG] Any of the vessels through which blood circulates in the body.[AAO] The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG] annelids have blood vessels, but this class is not applicable to annelids. FMA:63183 Blood vessel is categorized as 'general anatomical term'. Suggestion to map to region of vascular tree from Terry H at JAX vascular element AAO:0011004 AEO:0000207 BTO:0001102 CALOHA:TS-0080 EFO:0000817 EHDAA2:0003252 EHDAA:240 EMAPA:32743 EMAPA:35993 FMA:50722 FMA:63183 GAID:169 MA:0000060 MAT:0000393 MESH:D001808 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjxlpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0002137 UMLS:C0005847 VHOG:0001250 XAO:0001011 ZFA:0005314 region of vascular tree organ vascular tree organ region uberon vas sanguineum UBERON:0001981 blood vessel Any of the smallest blood vessels connecting arterioles with venules. not all sources agree capillary is a blood vessel - consider adopting EMAPA superclass of vascular element Any of the tiny blood vessels connecting the arterioles to the venules.[AAO] The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG] capillaries lack tunica media and tunica adventitia; only the endothelial wall of the tunica intima belongs AAO:0010252 BTO:0002045 CALOHA:TS-2006 EFO:0001906 EMAPA:35198 EV:0100035 FMA:63194 MA:0000065 MESH:A07.231.432.410 OpenCyc:Mx4rvWEU-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0005250 UMLS:C0935624 VHOG:0001253 XAO:0000116 ZFA:0005250 blood capillary capillary vessel uberon UBERON:0001982 capillary A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (endothelium, vascular), lymph vessels (endothelium, lymphatic), and the serous cavities of the body[MESH]. Simple squamous epithelium which lines blood and lymphatic vessels and the heart[FMA] endothelial BTO:0000393 CALOHA:TS-0278 EFO:0002548 FMA:63916 GAID:520 MESH:D004727 UMLS:C0014257 galen:Endothelium uberon UBERON:0001986 The term 'endothelium' has been either restricted to the continuous cell layer of the vertebrates, as we are assuming here, or applied to all the cells able to adhere to the luminal surface of the vascular basement membrane (Casley-Smith 1980) endothelium Cartilage tissue intermediate between hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue; contains of abundant collagen fibers; chondrocytes often arranged in columns. A mixture of white fibrous tissue and cartilaginous tissue in various proportions. It owes its flexibility and toughness to the former of these constituents, and its elasticity to the latter. It is the only type of cartilage that contains type I collagen in addition to the normal type I[Wikipedia:Fibrocartilage]I Cartilage (tissue) which consists of chondrocytes and collagen, the intercellular matrix of which is an amorphous gel without a well-defined perichondrium[FMA:64784]. Cartilage tissue intermediate between hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue; contains of abundant collagen fibers; chondrocytes often arranged in columns.[VSAO] fibrocartilaginous FMA:64784 MA:0000108 UMLS:C0684077 VSAO:0000103 XAO:0004028 galen:Fibrocartilage fibrocartilage tissue stratified cartilage tissue uberon UBERON:0001995 The white fibrocartilages admit of arrangement into four groups-interarticular, connecting, circumferential, and stratiform -- WP. EDITOR NOTE: TODO add mineralized fibrocartilage A vein that conducts blood from the digestive organs, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder to the liver[BTO]. BTO:0001792 CALOHA:TS-0814 EHDAA2:0001485 EHDAA:6510 EMAPA:17349 FMA:66645 GAID:540 MA:0002198 MESH:D011169 OpenCyc:Mx4rv_bem5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0032718 VHOG:0000656 XAO:0000392 galen:PortalVein portal venous tree organ part uberon UBERON:0002017 portal vein A nervous system structure composed primarily of nerve cell bodies (somas). May also include dendrites and the initial unmyelinated portion of axons. Multi-tissue comprised of neurons, dendrites, axon terminals, glial cells, and capillaries.[TAO] AEO:0001012 EHDAA2:0003136 EHDAA2_RETIRED:0004658 FMA:67242 HBA:4006 MA:0001112 OpenCyc:Mx4rwDdKMpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0002197 UMLS:C0018220 VHOG:0001768 ZFA:0001681 gray matter gray matter of neuraxis grey matter grey matter of neuraxis grey substance neuronal grey matter substantia grisea uberon gray mater grisea UBERON:0002020 gray matter The most posterior of the three principal regions of the brain. In mammals and birds the hindbrain is divided into a rostral metencephalon and a caudal myelencephalon. In zebrafish, with the exception of the cerebellum, the ventral remainder of the metencephalon can be separated only arbitrarily from the more caudal myelencephalic portion of the medulla oblongata (From: Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain)[ZFA]. Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the pons, cerebellum and medulla oblongata[FMA]. Posterior part of the brain consisting of the cerebellum and medulla oblongata.[AAO] The most posterior of the three principal regions of the brain, forming the rhombencephalon and all or most of the metencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] relationship loss: develops_from hindbrain neural tube (TAO:0007043)[TAO] Fine structural, computerized three-dimensional (3D) mapping of cell connectivity in the amphioxus nervous system and comparative molecular genetic studies of amphioxus and tunicates have provided recent insights into the phylogenetic origin of the vertebrate nervous system. The results suggest that several of the genetic mechanisms for establishing and patterning the vertebrate nervous system already operated in the ancestral chordate and that the nerve cord of the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates included a diencephalon, midbrain, hindbrain, and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG] rhombencephalic in MA, brainstem and hindbrain and part-of siblings under brain, consistent with FMA and NIF. See also notes for cerebellum. We weaken the relation in ABA to overlaps AAO:0010150 BAMS:HB BTO:0000672 CALOHA:TS-0457 DHBA:10653 DMBA:16808 EFO:0000923 EHDAA2:0000746 EHDAA:3514 EHDAA:6487 EMAPA:16916 FMA:67687 MA:0000195 MAT:0000107 MBA:1065 MESH:D012249 MIAA:0000107 TAO:0000029 UMLS:C0035507 UMLS:C1522180 VHOG:0000070 XAO:0000015 ZFA:0000029 http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=540 uberon rhombencephalon UBERON:0002028 hindbrain Muscle tissue that contains fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations. Voluntary muscle tissue arranged in bundles of fibers.[AAO] AAO:0010762 AEO:0000140 CALOHA:TS-2047 EHDAA2:0003140 EMAPA:36390 FMA:67905 MA:0002438 OpenCyc:Mx4rwAoze5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C1331262 WBbt:0005779 galen:StriatedMuscle striated muscle uberon UBERON:0002036 striated muscle tissue Part of the metencephalon that lies in the posterior cranial fossa behind the brain stem. It is concerned with the coordination of movement[MESH]. A large dorsally projecting part of the brain concerned especially with the coordination of muscles and the maintenance of bodily equilibrium, situated between the brain stem and the back of the cerebrum , and formed in humans of two lateral lobes and a median lobe[BTO]. Brain structure derived from the anterior hindbrain, and perhaps including posterior midbrain. The cerebellum plays a role in somatic motor function, the control of muscle tone, and balance[ZFA]. Dorsal part of the hindbrain that coordinates muscle movement, posture, and balance.[AAO] Specialized brain region derived from the dorsal metencephalon (anterior hindbrain, and perhaps including posterior midbrain) and becoming distinctive late in the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] However, although the lamprey possesses a region comparable to the cerebellum and display expression of LjFgf8/17 at the MHB (midbrain hindbrain boundary), it does not have Purkinje cells and cerebellar nuclei, as well as components of the rhombic lip-derived cerebellar and pre-cerebellar systems. It is noteworthy that the latter structures require specific expression of Pax6 in the rhombic lip of the gnathostome hindbrain. Interestingly, the lamprey rhombic lip does not express Pax6. Thus, it is tempting to speculate that in vertebrate evolution the rostral hindbrain is incapable of differentiating into the cerebellum before the co-option of Pax6 in that region. In other words, cerebellum has been brought about as an evolutionary innovation in gnathostomes, based on exaptation of MHB, rhombic lip, and some regulatory gene expression already present in the vertebrate common ancestor.[well established][VHOG] cerebellar The absence of a cerebellum in hagfishes and lampreys appears to be the only exception [to the rule that vertebrates possess the same number of brain divisions]. Both hagfishes and lampreys do possess a thin band of cells located medial to the lateral line centers of the medulla (Ronan and Northcutt, 1998), which has been interpreted as a primitive cerebellum (Larsell, 1967), but more recent experimental studies (Kishida et al., 1987; Weigle and Northcutt, 1998) fail to support Larsell's claim[http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/42/4/743.full] almost all AOs agree that the cerebellum is part of the hindbrain (sometimes specifically part of the metencephalon, which, when present, is part of the hindbrain). However, ABA has cerebellum and brain stem as partof siblings, with the hindbrain part of the brainstem infratentorial region AAO:0010485 BAMS:CB BAMS:Cb BM:CB BTO:0000232 CALOHA:TS-0125 DHBA:10656 EFO:0000327 EHDAA2:0000232 EMAPA:17787 EV:0100293 FMA:67944 GAID:595 HBA:4696 MA:0000198 MAT:0000110 MBA:512 MESH:D002531 MIAA:0000110 OpenCyc:Mx4rvl1eipwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000100 UMLS:C0007765 UMLS:C1268981 VHOG:0000024 XAO:0003098 ZFA:0000100 http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=643 epencephalon-1 uberon corpus cerebelli parencephalon UBERON:0002037 cerebellum A two-lobed endocrine gland found in all vertebrates, located in front of and on either side of the trachea in humans, and producing various hormones, such as triiodothyronine and calcitonin[BTO]. Either of paired structures located in the throat which develop from the ventral wall of the pharynx and excretes hormones involved in the morphological and functional changes during metamorphosis as well as influencing other tissues.[AAO] (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (2) a groove in the pharyngeal floor known as the endostyle, or a thyroid gland derived from part of the endostyle (...).[well established][VHOG] In fish, it is usually located below the gills and is not always divided into distinct lobes. However, in some teleosts, patches of thyroid tissue are found elsewhere in the body, associated with the kidneys, spleen, heart, or eyes In larval lampreys, the thyroid originates as an exocrine gland, secreting its hormones into the gut, and associated with the larva's filter-feeding apparatus. In the adult lamprey, the gland separates from the gut, and becomes endocrine, but this path of development may reflect the evolutionary origin of the thyroid. For instance, the closest living relatives of vertebrates, the tunicates and Amphioxus, have a structure very similar to that of larval lampreys, and this also secretes iodine-containing compounds (albeit not thyroxine) In tetrapods, the thyroid is always found somewhere in the neck region. In most tetrapod species, there are two paired thyroid glands - that is, the right and left lobes are not joined together. However, there is only ever a single thyroid gland in most mammals, and the shape found in humans is common to many other species AAO:0010544 BTO:0001379 CALOHA:TS-1047 EFO:0000861 EHDAA2:0002028 EHDAA:2148 EHDAA:2975 EMAPA:17068 EV:0100133 FMA:9603 GAID:465 MA:0000129 MAT:0000081 MESH:D013961 MIAA:0000081 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjLT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0040132 VHOG:0000418 XAO:0000162 galen:ThyroidGland thyroid uberon glandula thyroidea UBERON:0002046 thyroid gland Respiration organ that develops as an oupocketing of the esophagus. Either of two organs which allow gas exchange absorbing oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide with exhaled air.[AAO] Lungs had already developed as paired ventral pockets from the intestine in the ancestor of Osteognathostomata. (...) In actinopterygian fishes, apart from Cladistia, the ventral intestinal pocket migrates dorsally and becomes the swim-bladder, a mainly hydrostatical organ (reference 1); Comparative transcriptome analyses indicate molecular homology of zebrafish swimbladder and Mammalian lung (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] pulmonary respiration organ in all air-breathing animals, including most tetrapods, a few fish and a few snails. In mammals and the more complex life forms, the two lungs are located in the chest on either side of the heart. Their principal function is to transport oxygen from the atmosphere into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere. This exchange of gases is accomplished in the mosaic of specialized cells that form millions of tiny, exceptionally thin-walled air sacs called alveoli. // Avian lungs do not have alveoli as mammalian lungs do, they have Faveolar lungs. They contain millions of tiny passages known as para-bronchi, connected at both ends by the dorsobronchi AAO:0000275 AAO:0010567 BTO:0000763 CALOHA:TS-0568 EFO:0000934 EHDAA2:0001042 EHDAA:1554 EHDAA:2205 EMAPA:16728 EV:0100042 FMA:7195 GAID:345 MA:0000415 MAT:0000135 MESH:D008168 MIAA:0000135 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjKy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0024109 VHOG:0000310 XAO:0000119 galen:Lung pulmo uberon UBERON:0002048 Snakes and limbless lizards typically possess only the right lung as a major respiratory organ; the left lung is greatly reduced, or even absent. Amphisbaenians, however, have the opposite arrangement, with a major left lung, and a reduced or absent right lung [WP] lung An interconnected tubular multi-tissue structure contains fluid that is actively transported around the organism[ZFA]. Examples: vasculature of lung, vasculature of face. see also: vascular system. Consider merging? vascular BTO:0003718 FMA:69050 TAO:0005249 ZFA:0005249 vascular network uberon UBERON:0002049 vasculature Anatomical structure that is part of an embryo. Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells.[AAO] Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells.[TAO] Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells.[VSAO] in FMA embryo is_a embryonic structure AAO:0000138 BILA:0000034 BTO:0000174 CALOHA:TS-2110 EFO:0000461 FBbt:00004208 FMA:69067 GAID:407 MESH:D004628 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003169 TAO:0001105 UMLS:C0013948 VSAO:0000178 XAO:0003042 ZFA:0001105 developing embryonic structure embryonic anatomical structure uberon developing structure embryonale Struktur embryonic structures UBERON:0002050 embryonic structure The endocardial cushion is a specialized region of mesenchymal cells that will give rise to the heart septa and valves[GO]. Swellings of tissue present between the endocardial and myocardial cell layers that will give rise to the interstitial cells of the cardiac valves[ZFA]. Swellings of tissue present between the endocardial and myocardial cell layers that will give rise to the interstitial cells of the cardiac valves.[TAO] relationship loss: develops_from endocardial ring (TAO:0005072)[TAO] (Cardiac valve formation in vertebrates) In response to a myocardial signal, endocardial cells at chamber boundaries take on a mesenchymal character, delaminate and migrate into the cardiac jelly. There, they form an endocardial cushion that is later remodelled into a valve.[well established][VHOG] EHDAA2:0000434 EHDAA2:0004028 EHDAA:2586 EMAPA:16696 FMA:70302 MA:0000078 TAO:0001317 VHOG:0000932 XAO:0004189 ZFA:0001317 AV cushion atrioventricular cushion cardiac cushion endocardial cushion tissue uberon atrioventricular canal cushion endocardial cushions UBERON:0002062 GO graph seems to suggest this is an endothelium. WP: The endocardial cushions are thought to arise from a subset of endothelial cells that undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transformation, a process whereby these cells break cell-to-cell contacts and migrate into the cardiac jelly (towards to interior of the heart tube). Latest (2010-06-01) new def suggested for GO, added above. Note that EHDAA2 has a more detailed model which we may later adopt. JB: Patterning makes the cushions lay down connective tissue in three domains that force out the local endothelial lining and so the leaflets form endocardial cushion The dermis is a layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the skin) and subcutaneous tissues, and is composed of two layers, the papillary and reticular dermis[WP]. Consider adding a layer-of-skin grouping class for all skin layers A collagenous layer of the skin subjacent to the epidermis and covering the hypodermis. It contains various types of cells (e.g. fibroblasts, pigment cells, nerve, blood vessels and scales. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO] When approaching controversies surrounding skin evolution, we need to remember that the skin consists of two layers, an epidermis and a dermis, not a single evolving structure. (...) It is little wonder that controversies about homology exist. If we think of the epidermis, the dermis, and their interactions as an evolving unit, then their specialized products (hair, feathers, and reptilian scales) are broadly homologous.[well established][VHOG] dermal AAO:0000128 BTO:0000294 CALOHA:TS-2076 EFO:0000953 EMAPA:17527 EV:0100154 FMA:70323 GAID:1321 MA:0000152 MAT:0000153 MESH:D020405 MIAA:0000153 TAO:0001119 UMLS:C0011646 VHOG:0000108 XAO:0000217 ZFA:0001119 vertebrate dermis uberon corium cutis UBERON:0002067 dermis Lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. Types of cells that are found in the hypodermis are fibroblasts, adipose cells, and macrophages. It is derived from the mesoderm, but unlike the dermis, it is not derived from the dermatome region of the mesoderm. The hypodermis is used mainly for fat storage[WP]. A layer separating the inner face of the dermis from the subjacent muscle cells. It is covered on both sides by a basement membrane. It contains pigment cells. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO] A layer separating the inner face of the dermis from the subjacent muscle cells. It is covered on both sides by a basement membrane. It contains pigment cells[FMA:70544]. hypodermal subcutaneous subcutaneus BTO has 'subcutis', as part of dermis. We follow FMA in having distinct classes for hypodermis and superficial fascia, and including these as part of the non-skin intgeument. BTO:0001314 CALOHA:TS-2366 FMA:70544 TAO:0001136 UMLS:C0278403 ZFA:0001136 hypoderm vertebrate hypodermis uberon sub-tegumental tissue subcutaneous tissue subcutis subtegumental tissue superficial fascia tela subcutanea UBERON:0002072 hypodermis An organ that is located within the body cavity (or in its extension, in the scrotum); it consists of organ parts that are embryologically derived from endoderm, splanchnic mesoderm or intermediate mesoderm; together with other organs, the viscus constitutes the respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, reproductive and immune systems, or is the central organ of the cardiovascular system. Examples: heart, lung, esophagus, kidney, ovary, spleen. An internal organ of the body; especially: one (as the heart, liver, or intestine) located in the great cavity of the trunk proper.[AAO] general anatomical term in FMA. Note that we place the MA class here temporarily, although properly systems should be distinguished from organs. AAO:0010386 BTO:0001491 EHDAA:512 EMAPA:16245 FMA:7085 MA:0000019 MESH:D014781 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002201 UMLS:C0042779 XAO:0003034 visceral organ visceral organ system uberon Organsystem@ge splanchnic tissue viscera visceral tissue UBERON:0002075 viscus A cardiac atrium that is in the left side of the heart. It receives deoxygenated blood. In mammals, this comes from the superior and inferior vena cava and the coronary sinus, and pumps it into the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve. Right cardiac chamber which is continuous with the superior vena cava and inferior vena cava.[FMA] The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether.[well established][VHOG] https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern AAO:0010248 BTO:0001703 EHDAA2:0000290 EMAPA:17321 FMA:7096 MA:0000075 OpenCyc:Mx4runNcs6fqEdudWQACs5b6Bw OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rDJ89oqgPEdudWQACs5b6Bw UMLS:C0225844 VHOG:0000328 XAO:0003192 galen:RightAtrium cardiac right atrium heart right atrium right atrium right atrium of heart right cardiac atrium uberon atrium dextrum UBERON:0002078 right cardiac atrium A cardiac atrium that is in the left side of the heart. It receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins, In mammals this is pumped into the left ventricle, via the Mitral valve. Left cardiac chamber which is continuous with the pulmonary venous trunk.[FMA] The chamber of the heart that receives blood from the lungs[XAO:EJS]. The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether.[well established][VHOG] https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern AAO:0010247 BTO:0001702 EHDAA2:0000275 EMAPA:17315 FMA:7097 MA:0000074 OpenCyc:Mx4rkJN1AagEEdudWQACs5b6Bw OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rDJ89oqgPEdudWQACs5b6Bw UMLS:C0225860 VHOG:0000369 XAO:0003191 galen:LeftAtrium atrium sinistrum cardiac left atrium heart left atrium left atrium left atrium of heart left cardiac atrium uberon UBERON:0002079 left cardiac atrium A cardiac ventricle that is in the right side of the heart. The muscular chamber on the right and in front of the left ventricle. It generally receives venous blood from the right atrium and conveys it into the pulmonary artery. [(1988)_Dorian_AF, Amsterdam, Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B._Anatomy, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier's_Encyclopaedic_Dictionary_of_Medicine][VHOG] https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern In mammals continuous with the pulmonary arteries BTO:0001630 CALOHA:TS-0443 EHDAA2:0000196 EMAPA:17340 FMA:7098 MA:0000093 OpenCyc:Mx4rRMlc0KgNEdudWQACs5b6Bw OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjj1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0225883 VHOG:0000717 galen:RightVentricle cardiac right ventricle right ventricle right ventricle of heart uberon right cardiac ventricle ventriculus dexter UBERON:0002080 heart right ventricle Cardiac chamber in which blood enters the heart. One of four heart chambers.[TAO] One of two chambers of the heart which receive blood from the veins and forces it by muscular contration to the ventricle.[AAO] In the primitive vertebrate heart the four chambers are: 1. Sinus venosus (...) 2. Atrium (...) 3. Ventricle (...) 4. Conus arteriosus (...).[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010246 BTO:0000903 CALOHA:TS-0437 EFO:0000277 EHDAA2:0000154 EHDAA:1265 EMAPA:16688 EV:0100019 FMA:7099 GAID:555 MA:0000073 MAT:0000496 MESH:D006325 TAO:0000471 UMLS:C0018792 VHOG:0000175 ZFA:0000471 galen:Atrium Cardiac atria atria atrium atrium of heart cardiac atria heart atrium uberon atrial tissue UBERON:0002081 cardiac atrium Cardiac chamber through which blood leaves the heart. A chamber of the heart that receives blood from one or more atria and pumps it by muscular contraction into the arteries.[AAO] One of four heart chambers.[TAO] In the primitive vertebrate heart the four chambers are: 1. Sinus venosus (...) 2. Atrium (...) 3. Ventricle (...) 4. Conus arteriosus (...)[well established][VHOG] ventricle AAO:0010249 BTO:0000862 CALOHA:TS-0444 EFO:0000317 EHDAA2:0004164 EHDAA:1912 EMAPA:17331 EV:0100020 FMA:7100 GAID:568 MA:0000091 MAT:0000497 MESH:D006352 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjj1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000009 UMLS:C0018827 VHOG:0000435 XAO:0003193 ZFA:0000009 galen:Ventricle heart ventricle lower chamber of heart ventricle of heart uberon UBERON:0002082 cardiac ventricle A cardiac ventricle that is in the left side of the heart. Thick-walled muscular chamber constituting the left border and apex of the heart. It receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium through the mitral orifice and send it off into the aorta. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] The vertebrate heart initially forms as a tube from a population of precursor cells termed the first heart field (FHF). Cells from the adjacent second heart field (SHF) are then progressively added to the developing heart. In avian and mammalian hearts, the FHF contributes mainly to the left ventricle, whereas the SHF gives rise to the outflow tract and large portions of the right ventricle and atria. Both fields arise from common mesodermal progenitors, although the detailed lineage relationships between FHF and SHF remain uncertain.[well established][VHOG] https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern In mammals continuous with aorta BTO:0001629 CALOHA:TS-0439 EHDAA2:0002178 EMAPA:17337 FMA:7101 MA:0000092 OpenCyc:Mx4rtW8v46gEEdudWQACs5b6Bw OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjj1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0225897 VHOG:0000718 galen:LeftVentricle cardiac left ventricle left cardiac ventricle left ventricle left ventricle of heart uberon ventriculus sinister cordis UBERON:0002084 heart left ventricle The post-cranial subdivision of skeleton structural components forming the long axis of the vertebrate body; in Danio, consisting of the notochord, vertebrae, ribs, supraneurals, intermuscular bones, and unpaired median fins; in human consists of the bones of the vertebral column, the thoracic cage and the pelvis[ZFA+FMA]. Skeletal subdivision of the central body axis including vertebrae, notochord, ribs, and sternum.[VSAO] The axial skeleton is formed by the vertebral column, a metameric, semi-flexible, arched bar located in the dorsal part of the trunk, and is formed by a series of cartilaginous or bony vertebrae. It provides suspension for the appendicular skeleton and protection for the spinal nerve cord.[AAO] The post-cranial structural components forming the long axis of the vertebrate body; usually consists of the notochord, vertebrae, ribs, supraneurals, intermuscular bones, and unpaired median fins.[TAO] The axial musculoskeletal system represents the plesiomorphic locomotor engine of the vertebrate body, playing a central role in locomotion. In craniates, the evolution of the postcranial skeleton is characterized by two major transformations. First, the axial skeleton became increasingly functionally and morphologically regionalized. Second, the axial-based locomotion plesiomorphic for craniates became progressively appendage-based with the evolution of extremities in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG] axial skeleton AAO:0000034 EFO:0000942 EHDAA2:0000161 EHDAA:5049 EMAPA:17214 FMA:71221 MA:0002986 MAT:0000148 MIAA:0000148 TAO:0000317 VHOG:0000317 VSAO:0000093 XAO:0003073 ZFA:0000317 post-cranial axial skeleton uberon UBERON:0002090 previous some AOs had used the term 'axial skeleton' to include the skull. This is being resolved (see tracker items above). Status: MA - fixed. postcranial axial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/docs/The-axial-skeleton Subdivision of skeleton which which consists of all the skeletal elements in in the pectoral and pelvic appendage complexes[cjm]. Skeletal subdivision consisting of all the skeletal elements in the pectoral and pelvic appendage complexes.[VSAO] Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins).[TAO] The pectoral and pelvic girdles, which articulate with the axial skeleton, together with their associated limbs, the forelimbs and hind limbs, form the appendicular skeleton.[AAO] ontologies differ in whether they treat the term appendicular skeleton as being the entire set of bones in the limbs, or whether the fore and hind limbs/fins are treated as seperate appendicular skeletons. Here we follow FMA, and treat the appendicular skeleton as the sum total of skeletal elements in the organism (this is evidenced by the fact that in FMA, skeleton of left/right upper/lower limb is part_of a appendicular skeleton, and subtypes of 'subdivision of appendicular skeleton'). We have separate classes such as 'skeleton of limb', and 'skeleton of hindlimb' for the 4 parts of the appendicular skeleton. In future the ZFA/TAO classes may be moved. AAO:0000747 EFO:0000951 EMAPA:32729 FMA:71222 MA:0000290 MAT:0000278 MIAA:0000278 UMLS:C0222646 VHOG:0001666 VSAO:0000076 XAO:0003166 appendicular skeleton entire appendicular skeleton paired fin skeleton uberon skeleton appendiculare UBERON:0002091 appendicular skeleton https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Appendages-and-the-appendicular-skeleton The organ covering the body that consists of the dermis and epidermis. consider 'integumentary system' for invertebrates MA uses the term skin to refer to what is called here: zone of skin BTO:0001253 CALOHA:TS-0934 EFO:0000962 EHDAA2:0001844 EMAPA:17525 FMA:7163 MESH:D012867 MFMO:0000099 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjX3ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C1123023 XAO:0000023 galen:Skin entire skin skin organ uberon entire integument integument integumental organ pelt skin UBERON:0002097 skin of body Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the cervical region (or head, when cervical region not present) and anterior to the caudal region. Includes the sacrum when present. Organism subdivision that is the part of the body posterior to the head and anterior to the tail.[AAO] Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the head and anterior to the tail.[TAO] AAO:0010339 BILA:0000116 BTO:0001493 CALOHA:TS-1071 EFO:0000966 EMAPA:31857 FMA:7181 MA:0000004 MAT:0000296 MIAA:0000296 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkJjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001115 UMLS:C0460005 XAO:0000054 XAO:0003025 ZFA:0001115 galen:Trunk thoracolumbar region torso trunk region uberon Rumpf UBERON:0002100 trunk A paired appendage that is evolved from a paired fin. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the girdle and its parts. Organism subdivision that has as its parts the jointed appendages used for locomotion and manipulation.[AAO] Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010336 AEO:0000172 CALOHA:TS-0552 EFO:0000876 EHDAA2:0003172 EHDAA:1697 EHDAA:8273 EMAPA:16405 FMA:24875 GAID:36 MA:0000007 MAT:0000090 MIAA:0000090 OpenCyc:Mx4rvn1uSZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0015385 VHOG:0000336 VSAO:0000121 XAO:0003027 galen:Extremity free limb limb sensu vertebrata pentadactyl limb tetrapod limb flipper uberon extremities extremity UBERON:0002101 limb A (free) limb that is connected to a pelvic girdle region. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the pelvic girdle and its parts. Lower limb, which connects the pes with the pelvic girdle.[AAO] Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG] crural note that this corresponds to FMA:'free lower limb' (a limb segment), NOT 'lower limb'. Both MA and FMA consider shoulder (and shoulder bones) part of upper limb. Note that AAO class probably refers to skeleton AAO:0000219 BTO:0002345 CALOHA:TS-2215 EFO:0000883 EHDAA2:0001033 EHDAA:6094 EMAPA:17458 EV:0100015 FMA:24879 GAID:1221 GAID:38 MA:0000026 MAT:0000395 MESH:D006614 MIAA:0000395 UMLS:C0023216 UMLS:C1522391 VHOG:0000337 VSAO:0000150 XAO:0003031 galen:LowerExtremity free lower limb hind limb hind-limb hindlimb inferior member lower limb membrum inferius uberon free part of lower limb lower extremity membrum inferius pelvic appendage UBERON:0002103 hindlimb The sensory system subserving the sense of vision. The sensory system used for sight.[AAO] UBERON:0007036 AAO:0000632 BILA:0000140 EMAPA:36003 FMA:7191 MA:0002444 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCtpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001127 UMLS:C0587900 XAO:0003198 ZFA:0001127 photosensory system visual organ system uberon UBERON:0002104 visual system Sensory system responsible for the perception of spatial orientation and auditory stimuli. The sensory system used for balance and hearing.[AAO] AAO:0000631 EMAPA:36002 FMA:78500 TAO:0001138 XAO:0003195 ZFA:0001138 auditory organ system vestibuloauditory system uberon auditory system auditory/vestibular system vestibuloauditory system UBERON:0002105 vestibulo-auditory system An exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes[GO]. Organ which secretes bile and participates in formation of certain blood proteins.[AAO] relationship type change: differentiates_from endoderm (AAO:0000139) CHANGED TO: develops_from endoderm (UBERON:0000925)[AAO] All vertebrates possess a liver (reference 1); Later in craniate evolution, an anterior gill arch was transformed into jaws, and many new types of feeding subsequently evolved.(...) A liver evolved that, among its many functions, stores considerable energy as glycogen or lipid (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] hepatic An organ sometimes referred to as a liver is found associated with the digestive tract of the primitive chordate Amphioxus. However, this is an enzyme secreting gland, not a metabolic organ, and it is unclear how truly homologous it is to the vertebrate liver. The zebrafish liver differs from the mammalian liver in that the hepatocytes are not clearly organized in cords or lobules and the typical portal triads are not apparent. In addition, the zebrafish liver does not have Kuppfer cells. Furthermore, a clear distinction can be made between the male and female liver in the adult zebrafish. The female hepatocytes are very basophilic (Figure 15c) as a result of the production of vitellogenin (Van der Ven et al. 2003). The liver is found in all vertebrates, and is typically the largest visceral organ. Its form varies considerably in different species, and is largely determined by the shape and arrangement of the surrounding organs. Nonetheless, in most species it is divided into right and left lobes; exceptions to this general rule include snakes, where the shape of the body necessitates a simple cigar-like form. The internal structure of the liver is broadly similar in all vertebrates. secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes[GO]. Only ZFA considers this part_of immune system - we weaken this to an overlaps relation, as in general it's only a subset of cells that have clear immune function. AAO:0010111 BTO:0000759 CALOHA:TS-0564 EFO:0000887 EHDAA2:0000997 EHDAA:2197 EMAPA:16846 EV:0100089 FMA:7197 GAID:288 MA:0000358 MAT:0000097 MESH:D008099 MIAA:0000097 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVimppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000123 UMLS:C0023884 VHOG:0000257 XAO:0000133 ZFA:0000123 galen:Liver uberon iecur jecur UBERON:0002107 liver Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]. The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO] Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010397 BTO:0000651 CALOHA:TS-0942 EFO:0000841 EMAPA:32834 EV:0100072 FMA:7200 GAID:313 MA:0000337 MAT:0000047 MESH:A03.492.411.620 MIAA:0000047 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjlIJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001323 UMLS:C0021852 VHOG:0000055 XAO:0000130 ZFA:0001323 galen:SmallIntestine small bowel small intestine uberon anterior intestine intestinum tenue mid intestine UBERON:0002108 small intestine An organ that aids digestion and stores bile produced by the liver[WP]. Membranous muscular sac in which the bile from the liver remains stored until it is required. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] Organ attached to the liver which stores bile and empties into the duodenum via the bile duct as needed for digestion.[AAO] relationship type change: differentiates_from endoderm (AAO:0000139) CHANGED TO: develops_from endoderm (UBERON:0000925)[AAO] The presence of a gallbladder appears to be a primitive trait. It is found in most fish and all adult reptiles and amphibians and has been well conserved in mammals, for the most part.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010114 BTO:0000493 CALOHA:TS-0394 EFO:0000853 EHDAA2:0000699 EHDAA:8062 EMAPA:17202 EV:0100090 FMA:7202 MA:0000356 MAT:0000072 MESH:D005704 MIAA:0000072 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkGr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000208 UMLS:C0016976 VHOG:0000221 XAO:0000135 ZFA:0000208 galen:Gallbladder gall bladder gallbladder uberon vesica biliaris vesica fellea UBERON:0002110 Rats do not have a gallbladder, but produce bile. The bile flows directly from the liver through the (hepatic) bile duct into the small intestine (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988) gall bladder A paired organ of the urinary tract which has the production of urine as its primary function. One of either of a pair of structures lying on either side of the dorsal aorta in which fluid balance is regulated and waste is excreted out in the form of urine.[AAO] renal AAO:0000250 BTO:0000671 CALOHA:TS-0510 EFO:0000929 EMAPA:17373 EV:0100096 FMA:7203 GAID:423 MA:0000368 MAT:0000119 MESH:D007668 MIAA:0000119 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjlYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0022646 XAO:0003267 galen:Kidney reniculate kidney uberon UBERON:0002113 kidney The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one). The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] duodenal In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum. In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 10-15 inches (25-38 centimetres) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz. AAO:0010402 BTO:0000365 CALOHA:TS-0214 EFO:0000851 EMAPA:18852 EV:0100073 FMA:7206 GAID:284 MA:0000338 MAT:0000044 MESH:A03.492.411.620.270 MIAA:0000044 OpenCyc:Mx4rv4LJDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0013303 VHOG:0000052 XAO:0000236 galen:Duodenum uberon proximal intestine upper intestine UBERON:0002114 duodenum In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensible for larval life[GO]. A kidney formed of nephric tubules arising in the anterior region of the nephric ridge; forms only as a transient embryonic structure. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Kardong_KV, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.748][VHOG] Organ that serves as a transient kidney, providing osmoregulation during early developmental stages and then degenerating during metamorphosis.[AAO] The embryonic kidney, present at the level of the third somite, is composed of two glomeruli fused at the midline, two pronephric tubules, and paired bilateral pronephric ducts that modify the composition of the blood filtrate before delivering it to the cloaca for excretion.Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] In all vertebrate embryos, the kidney begins with the differentiation of a few renal tubules from the anterior end of the nephric ridge overlying the pericardial cavity. (...) This early-developing embryonic kidney is called the pronephros.[well established][VHOG] pronephric UBERON:0005794 AAO:0011089 BTO:0001541 EFO:0000927 EHDAA2:0001570 EHDAA:1017 EMAPA:16579 FMA:72170 MAT:0000117 MIAA:0000117 TAO:0000151 UMLS:C0231048 VHOG:0000037 XAO:0002000 ZFA:0000151 pronephric kidney uberon archinephron embryonic kidney pronephron UBERON:0002120 Once the more complex mesonephros forms the pronephros undergoes apoptosis in amphibians. In fishes the nephron degenerates but the organ remains and becomes a component of the immune system[Wikipedia:Pronephros]. // TODO - check developmental relationships. Note that we previously include the ZFA/XAO terms under the more specific 'pronephric kidney', but these are now merged. TODO GCI: relationship: capable_of GO:0030104 pronephros A cardial valve in the atrioventricular region that separates the atrium from the ventricle and prevent backflow from the ventricles into the atria during systole. The atrioventricular valve has four distinct leaflets oriented anterior, posterior, left, and right of the atrioventricular orifice. Hu et al. 2001.[TAO] Valve in the heart through which blood flows from the atria to the ventricles. [TFD][VHOG] The conus arteriosus is the most distal part of the primitive fish heart and forms the connection between the ventricle and the ventral aorta. At the sinoatrial, the atrioventricular, and the ventriculoconal junctions, valves developed to prevent backflow of blood during relaxation of the preceding compartment.[uncertain][VHOG] in ZFA this is part of both atrium and ventricle, but we use a connecting relationship here; see also notes for left and right. EHDAA2:0000153 EHDAA:7421 EMAPA:35154 FMA:7233 MA:0002789 OpenCyc:Mx4rfCfdorrpEduAAAACs6hRXg TAO:0005064 VHOG:0001472 ZFA:0005064 galen:AtrioventricularValve AV valve uberon atrio-ventricular valve UBERON:0002133 atrioventricular valve An atrioventricular valve that is part of the outflow part of the right atrium. The three-segmented valve of the heart that keeps blood in the right ventricle from flowing back into the right atrium. [TFD][VHOG] The mature AV (atrioventricular) valve of the adult zebrafish 2-chambered heart is structurally similar to the mammalian AV valves with stratified ECM (extracellular matrix) and supporting chordae tendineae. Therefore, the major cellular and molecular events of valve development are largely conserved among animals with hearts composed of multiple chambers.[well established][VHOG] FMA part_ofs changed to connects EHDAA2:0004029 EHDAA:7427 EMAPA:17873 FMA:7234 GAID:567 MA:0000090 MESH:D014261 OpenCyc:Mx4rvuWAAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002081 UMLS:C0040960 VHOG:0000816 galen:TricuspidValve right atrioventricular valve valva atrioventricularis dextra uberon valvula tricuspidalis UBERON:0002134 tricuspid valve An atrioventricular valve that is part of the outflow part of the left atrium. A valve of the heart, composed of two triangular flaps, that is located between the left atrium and left ventricle and regulates blood flow between these chambers. [TFD][VHOG] The mature AV (atrioventricular) valve of the adult zebrafish 2-chambered heart is structurally similar to the mammalian AV valves with stratified ECM (extracellular matrix) and supporting chordae tendineae. Therefore, the major cellular and molecular events of valve development are largely conserved among animals with hearts composed of multiple chambers.[well established][VHOG] FMA part_ofs changed to connects EFO:0003933 EHDAA2:0000168 EMAPA:17871 FMA:7235 GAID:565 MA:0000088 MESH:D008943 OpenCyc:Mx4rv4l2nJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0026264 VHOG:0000817 galen:MitralValve left atrioventricular valve valva atrioventricularis sinistra uberon bicuspid valve valva mitralis UBERON:0002135 mitral valve The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers[GO]. Layer that lines the lumen of the heart.[TAO] Part of the heart comprised of thin serous membrane, composed of endothelial tissue, that lines the interior of the heart.[AAO] Tunica intima which has as its parts the endothelium of endocardium and the fibroelastic connective tissue that surrounds the cavity of a cardiac chamber. UBERON:0006225 AAO:0010408 BTO:0000387 CALOHA:TS-2075 EFO:0000821 EHDAA2:0004153 EMAPA:17868 EMAPA:32686 EV:0100021 FMA:7280 GAID:550 MA:0000076 MAT:0000455 MESH:D004699 OpenCyc:Mx4rsWA75K1cEduAAADggVaqvw TAO:0001320 UMLS:C0014124 VHOG:0000084 XAO:0000066 ZFA:0001320 galen:Endocardium endocardial lining endocardial tissue heart endocardium uberon heart endocardial tissue UBERON:0002165 fixed in GO to reflect FMA. See email to David/Varsha June 18 2010 endocardium Lung which consists of the right upper lobe, middle lobe and right lower lobe.[FMA] Lungs had already developed as paired ventral pockets from the intestine in the ancestor of Osteognathostomata.[well established][VHOG] https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern EHDAA2:0001730 EHDAA:4969 EMAPA:17661 FMA:7309 MA:0000426 OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjKy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0225706 VHOG:0000301 uberon UBERON:0002167 right lung Lung which consists of the left upper lobe and left lower lobe.[FMA] Lungs had already developed as paired ventral pockets from the intestine in the ancestor of Osteognathostomata.[well established][VHOG] https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern EHDAA2:0000943 EHDAA:4947 EMAPA:17653 FMA:7310 MA:0000425 OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjKy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0225730 VHOG:0000618 uberon UBERON:0002168 left lung the upper conducting airways of the lung; these airways arise from the terminus of the trachea Each of the two primary divisions of the trachea leading respectively into the right and the left lung. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] bronchial In humans, the main bronchus is histologically identical to trachea; 2ary and 3ary bronchi are not; epithelium becomes simple columnar, goblet cell number decreases, elastic fibers in lamina propria increases, distribution more uniform. Muscular layer between mucosa and submucosa appears. cartilage rings become discontinuous plates connected by fibrous connective tissue BTO:0001340 CALOHA:TS-1229 EFO:0000932 EMAPA:32689 EV:0100041 FMA:7409 GAID:346 MA:0000436 MAT:0000133 MESH:D001980 MIAA:0000133 UMLS:C0006255 VHOG:0000262 XAO:0000121 bronchi bronchial trunk uberon bronchial tissue UBERON:0002185 bronchus the conducting airway of the lungs found terminal to the bronchi; these structures contain neither cartilage nor mucous-secreting glands; the epithelium of the bronchioles becomes thinner with each branching bronchiolar lacks submucosa and cartilage plates; they have 3 layers: mucosa, muscular layer and outer layer BTO:0002375 CALOHA:TS-2003 EHDAA:8171 EHDAA:8183 EHDAA:8199 EHDAA:8221 EMAPA:32697 FMA:7410 MA:0000422 OpenCyc:Mx4rvl9iDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0006270 VHOG:0000675 lobular bronchiole uberon bronchioli bronchiolus UBERON:0002186 bronchiole the last conducting structure of non-respiratory bronchioles; after this point, the airways have alveoli in their walls BTO:0003223 EMAPA:36282 FMA:7411 MA:0000424 OpenCyc:Mx4rwS7IU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0225666 bronchiolus terminalis uberon bronchioli terminalis terminal bronchiole tube UBERON:0002187 terminal bronchiole Anatomical cluster consisting of the hematopoietic system and the lymphoid system, or its analogs. CALOHA:TS-2018 EHDAA2:0004615 EMAPA:18765 FMA:74562 MA:0000013 hematolymphoid system lymphomyeloid complex uberon haemolymphoid system UBERON:0002193 hemolymphoid system The dermis, epidermis and hypodermis. in FMA intergument = skin+superficial fascia(hypodermis), skin=dermis+epidermis+hair_nail. Note that the definition provided here excludes the more general sense of the term 'integument' used in invertebrates; consider 'integumental system'. Note that the VSAO class appears to include adnexa by its definition. Anatomical system that protects the body from damage, comprising the skin and its appendages.[AAO] Surface structure that is the outer protective covering of the body.[VSAO] The outer protective barrier that separates the animal from its aquatic environment. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO] integumental integumentary AAO:0000239 BTO:0000634 FMA:74657 TAO:0000368 VSAO:0000029 ZFA:0000368 galen:Integument dermis plus epidermis plus hypodermis integumentum commune skin and subcutaneous tissue skin plus hypodermis the integument uberon Hautsystem@de dermal system dermoid system skin tegument vertebrate integument UBERON:0002199 integument Vasculature that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition]. EFO:0003656 FMA:74710 TAO:0001267 XAO:0004152 ZFA:0001267 adult head vascular network adult head vasculature cranial vasculature head vascular network vascular network of adult head vascular network of head vasculature of adult head uberon head vasculature UBERON:0002200 vasculature of head A vasculature that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]. FMA:74712 TAO:0005024 ZFA:0005024 torso vascular network torso vasculature trunk vascular network trunk vasculature vascular network of torso vascular network of trunk vasculature of torso uberon UBERON:0002201 vasculature of trunk Vasculature that is part of the eye region. not part of the eye in ZFA. Note this changed to a blood vessel in ZFA FMA:74743 TAO:0007057 ZFA:0007057 eye vascular network ocular blood vessel ocular vasculature vascular network of eye uberon eye vasculature optic vasculature UBERON:0002203 vasculature of eye Anatomical system that consists of the muscular and skeletal systems. Anatomical system that provides locomotion and physical support to the organism.[AAO] There are more than 50,000 extant vertebrate species, representing over 500 million years of evolution. During that time, the vertebrate musculoskeletal systems have adapted to aquatic, terrestrial, fossorial, and arboreal lifestyles, while simultaneously retaining functionally integrated axial and appendicular skeletal systems.[well established][VHOG] musculoskeletal AAO:0010546 CALOHA:TS-1311 EMAPA:32714 EV:0100139 FMA:7482 GAID:98 MA:0002418 MESH:D009141 OpenCyc:Mx4rQRpVNgAKEdyHxgDggVfs8g UMLS:C0026860 VHOG:0001275 VSAO:0000031 XAO:0000168 musculo-skeletal system uberon UBERON:0002204 musculoskeletal system A continuation of the neuron projection bundle component of a nerve inside, crossing or immediately outside the central nervous system. We consider cranial nerve roots to be primarily CNS structures, but model spinal nerve roots as PNS structures, due to the existence of ganglia on the roots. The continuation of the neurite bundle and associated glia of a nerve, inside the central nervous system[FBbt:00007602, FBC:DOS]. FMA has 'central zone of nerve' which is the superclass of cranial nerve tracts, which the FMA sometimes calls roots FMA:5981 FMA:82524 UMLS:C0228084 initial segment of nerve radix nervi uberon UBERON:0002211 nerve root Joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by an articular capsule which encloses a synovial membrane and a synovial cavity. Examples: Temporomandibular joint, knee joint.[FMA] Is a joint that is located at the point of contact of articulating bones allowing movement. The joint has a capsule containing synovial fluid surrounding the articulating bone surfaces.[TAO] AEO:0000183 CALOHA:TS-2138 EHDAA2:0003183 FMA:7501 MA:0000322 OpenCyc:Mx4rv2bBV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0005153 ZFA:0005153 galen:SynovialJoint articulatio synoviale diarthroses diarthrosis diarthrosis joint uberon diarthrodial joints UBERON:0002217 synovial joint The part of the coelemic cavity lumen that is enclosed by the walls of the thorax. In many species, the diaphragm separates thoracic and abdominal cavities EMAPA:36497 FMA:7565 GAID:93 MA:0000032 MESH:A01.911.800 OpenCyc:Mx4rmvyleLfEEduAAAACs6hRXg OpenCyc:Mx4rvhU_TpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0230139 cavitas thoracis cavity of chest cavity of thorax chest cavity pectoral cavity space of thoracic compartment thoracic lumen uberon UBERON:0002224 thoracic cavity Part of the central nervous system located in the vertebral canal continuous with and caudal to the brain; demarcated from brain by plane of foramen magnum. It is composed of an inner core of gray matter in which nerve cells predominate, and an outer layer of white matter in which myelinated nerve fibers predominate, and surrounds the central canal. (CUMBO) TODO - add superclass to unify with VNC? Part of the central nervous system which descends from the hindbrain within the vertebral column.[AAO] (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010151 BAMS:SP BAMS:Spinal BM:SpC BTO:0001279 CALOHA:TS-0953 DHBA:12890 DMBA:17651 EFO:0000110 EHDAA2:0001255 EHDAA:2863 EMAPA:17577 EV:0100316 FMA:7647 GAID:695 MA:0000216 MAT:0000183 MESH:D013116 MIAA:0000183 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjjk5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000075 UMLS:C0037925 VHOG:0000601 XAO:0000020 ZFA:0000075 http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=22 uberon SpC cerebro-cerebellar fissure cerebrocerebellar fissure fissura cerebro-cerebellaris fissura cerebrocerebellaris medulla spinalis spinal cord structure spinal medulla UBERON:0002240 spinal cord Endoskeletal elements that encase the brain, nose, inner ear[cjm]. that part of the neurocranium formed by endochondral ossification and comprising the bones of the base of the skull[TFD]. we follow the standard evolutionary classification and treat this as endoskeletal. This means what MA calls 'chondrocranium' must in fact be neurocranium, as it includes parts of the dermatocranium (e.g. frontal, parietal) Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of cartilage and cartilage replacement bones.[AAO] Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of cartilage and cartilage replacement bones.[TAO] chondrocranial covers the brain dorsally in chondrichthyans AAO:0010169 EHDAA2:0000243 EMAPA:17681 TAO:0001424 VHOG:0000288 ZFA:0001424 uberon calvarium neurocranium UBERON:0002241 chondrocranium An organ that houses olfactory neurons and is responsible for the sense of smell. Examples include the vertebrate nose and the Drosophila dorsal organ. An olfactory organ overlaps with the olfactory system, because some parts of the nose (e.g. nasal skeleton) are parts of the skeletal system, which is spatially disjoint fma general anatomical term. xao has no subtypes (but Johnstons organ develops from this). An olfactory organ overlaps with the olfactory system, because some parts of the nose (e.g. nasal skeleton) are parts of the skeletal system, which is spatially disjoint AAO:0010180 BTO:0001772 FBbt:00005158 FMA:77659 VHOG:0000287 XAO:0000273 olfactory organ olfactory sense organ olfactory sensory organ main olfactory organ primary olfactory organ uberon olfactory neuroepithelium organ olfactus organum olfactorium UBERON:0002268 olfactory organ A brain ventricle that is part of a telencephalon. In mammals and species with an evaginated telencephalon, this is one of a pair of lateral structures, one in each hemisphere The lateral ventricles are part of the ventricular system of the brain. Classified as part of the telencephalon, they are the largest of the ventricles. The lateral ventricles connect to the central third ventricle through the interventricular foramina of Monro[WP]. The two lateral ventricles are a cavity in each of the cerebral hemispheres derived from the cavity of the embryonic neural tube. They are separated from each other by the septum pellucidum, and each communicates with the third ventricle by the foramen of Monro, through which also the choroid plexuses of the lateral ventricles become continuous with that of the third ventricle[GO]. The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] BAMS:LV BAMS:Tel-V BM:Tel-LV BTO:0000879 CALOHA:TS-1230 DHBA:10596 DMBA:126651562 EFO:0001961 EHDAA2:0001984 EHDAA:3502 EHDAA:6576 EMAPA:16914 EV:0100307 FMA:78448 GAID:611 HBA:9419 MA:0000192 MBA:81 MESH:D020547 OpenCyc:Mx4rvYsFdZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000696 UMLS:C0152279 VHOG:0000643 ZFA:0000696 lateral ventricle lateral ventricles telencephalic ventricle telencephalon lateral ventricle uberon Telencephalic ventricles forebrain ventricle lateral ventricle of brain tectal ventricle telencephalic vesicle UBERON:0002285 modeled as space in EHDAA2 telencephalic ventricle Organ system subdivision that consists of the organs and ducts that are involved in the production and transportation of bile. In most species this is the gallbladder and the bile ducts (biliary tree). FMA:79646 GAID:279 MA:0001273 MESH:D001659 biliary apparatus uberon biliary tract UBERON:0002294 biliary system Stalk-like part of the brain that includes amongst its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain[ZFA,MP,generalized]. Multi-tissue structure that has as its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain.[TAO] Multi-tissue structure that has as its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain[ZFA,adopted][ZFA:0001707]. the stalk-like part of the brain that comprises the midbrain (aka mesencephalon), the pons (aka pons Varolii), and the medulla oblongata, and connects the cerebral hemispheres with the cervical spinal cord[MP] BAMS:BS BTO:0000146 CALOHA:TS-0093 EFO:0001962 EMAPA:32678 EV:0100241 FMA:79876 MA:0000169 MBA:343 MESH:D001933 TAO:0002156 UMLS:C0006121 VHOG:0001457 ZFA:0001707 http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=236 brain stem truncus encephali uberon accessory medullary lamina of pallidum lamella pallidi incompleta lamina medullaris accessoria lamina medullaris incompleta pallidi lamina pallidi incompleta truncus encephalicus UBERON:0002298 'brainstem' is a loose term that sometimes refers to the ventral parts o the brain except for any part of the telencephalon - sometimes it includes the diencephalon or subpallial telencephalon structures (ISBN10:0471888893). Here we use it in a more restriced sense, to include only the medulla oblongata, pons (when present) and the midbrain tegmentum (following the ZFA definitions). brainstem Part of choroid plexus contained in the lateral ventricle BAMS:cplv DHBA:10601 EHDAA2:0004449 EMAPA:17769 FMA:83711 HBA:9708 MA:0000961 TAO:0001447 UMLS:C0152289 VHOG:0001376 ZFA:0001447 chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of lateral ventricle chorioid plexus of lateral ventricle choroid plexus telencephalic ventricle lateral ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere lateral ventricle choroid plexus uberon UBERON:0002307 choroid plexus of lateral ventricle A neural nucleus that is part of the brain. EMAPA:35185 FMA:83840 MA:0000811 UMLS:C1706993 ZFA:0005575 brain nucleus uberon brain nuclei UBERON:0002308 nucleus of brain Neural tissue consisting of myelinated axons connecting grey matter areas of the central nervous system. Cell part cluster consisting predominantly of neurites in the brain and the spinal cord[FMA:83929]. Multi-tissue structure comprised largely of myelinated axons.[TAO] The myelination of axons by glial cells was the last major step in the evolution of cells in the vertebrate nervous system, and white-matter tracts are key to the architecture of the mammalian brain.[well established][VHOG] nlx_anat_101177 seems to have been lost in the transition from NIFGA to Neurolex AEO:0000139 AEO:0001011 EMAPA:35927 FMA:83929 HBA:9218 MA:0001135 OpenCyc:Mx4rwOAsDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA PBA:294022044 TAO:0000145 TAO:0002142 TAO:0002143 UMLS:C0682708 VHOG:0001764 ZFA:0001682 CNS tract/commissure neuronal white matter white matter of neuraxis white substance uberon CNS tracts and commissures CNS white matter substantia alba white mater UBERON:0002316 white matter The cavity within the body of all animals higher than the coelenterates and certain primitive worms, formed by the splitting of the embryonic mesoderm into two layers. In mammals it forms the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities. check the FMA placement here; ncit placement of body cavity here probably not correct Anatomical space, part of the trunk that contains the pericardial and pleuroperitoneal cavities[ZFA]. The cavity within the body of all animals higher than the coelenterates and certain primitive worms, formed by the splitting of the embryonic mesoderm into two layers. In mammals it forms the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities[BTO]. In mammals it forms the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities UBERON:0000169 body cavity AEO:0000186 BTO:0001707 EHDAA2:0000267 FBbt:00005060 FMA:85006 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003186 TAO:0001438 UMLS:C0333343 ZFA:0001438 galen:BodyCavity coelomic cavity coelomic cavity lumen main body cavity space of body compartment ventral body cavity uberon celom coelom coelome hemocoel UBERON:0002323 coelemic cavity lumen A flexible rod-shaped body found in embryos of all chordates. It is composed of cells derived from the mesoderm and defines the primitive axis of the embryo. In some chordates, it persists throughout life as the main axial support of the body, while in most vertebrates it becomes the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc. The notochord is found ventral to the neural tube. Avascular multi-tissue structure composed of large vacuolated epithelial cells (chordablasts) and perichordal fibrous tissue.[VSAO] Rod-like principal supportive element of the embryo and larva, present in the midline just ventral to the neural tube, and differentiating during the segmentation period to form large vacuolated epithelial cells and a surrounding a sheath of fibrous and elastic layers. Layering of the sheath may differ in structure, thickness and development among groups; in cypriniforms there are actually three very thin layers to the sheath. A functional, well developed notochord is present throughout life in certain basal fish groups but not in cypriniforms. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] Slender rod of fibrous connective tissue surrounding a core of fluid-filled cells of mesodermal origin; it lies above the gut and directly beneath the spinal cord. The notochord is present during early development and in a few cases it is retained through life; however, usually the notochord is replaced by the vertebral column.[AAO] relationship type change: differentiates_from mesoderm (AAO:0000304) CHANGED TO: develops_from mesoderm (UBERON:0000926)[AAO] (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (3) a stiff, longitudinal rod of turgid cells along the dorsal part of the body that is called a notochord (...).[well established][VHOG] notochordal In between vertebra the notochord becomes the nucleus pulposus, under it degenerates, and at anterior end in some species its tissue merges with some of the cranial bones.. Some organisms retain a post-embryonic notochord. AAO:0000327 BTO:0001768 CALOHA:TS-0690 EHDAA2:0001277 EHDAA:1241 EHDAA:6021 EMAPA:16191 EV:0100002 FMA:85521 GAID:1311 MAT:0000281 MESH:A16.254.610 TAO:0000135 UMLS:C0028439 VHOG:0000199 VSAO:0000032 XAO:0000055 ZFA:0000135 embryonic notocord notocord uberon notochorda UBERON:0002328 The notochord appears early in embryogeny and plays an important role in promoting or organizing the embryonic development of nearby structures. In most adult chordates the notochord disappears or becomes highly modified. In some non-vertebrate chordates and fishes the notochord persists as a laterally flexible but incompressible skeletal rod that prevents telescopic collapse of the body during swimming[TOLWEB] notochord Somites are spheres of epithelial cells that form sequentially along the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo through mesenchymal to epithelial transition of the presomitic mesoderm. currently classified as an epithelial vesicle, consistent with EHDAA2 and https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/The-neural-crest. Consider making 'somitic mesoderm' a separate term and correlate with regionalization processes. Consider moving ZFA term to 'trunk somite' as it is part of the trunk Post-cranial axial segments which form sclerotome and dermomyotome.[AAO] Undifferentiated mesodermal components of early trunk or tail segments or metameres, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms myotomes, sclerotomes and perhaps dermatomes. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] relationship loss: develops_from paraxial mesenchyme (TAO:0000942)[TAO] relationship type change: OBO_REL:part_of trunk (TAO:0001115) CHANGED TO: develops_from trunk (UBERON:0002100)[TAO] relationship type change: part_of paraxial mesoderm (AAO:0010568) CHANGED TO: develops_from paraxial mesoderm (UBERON:0003077)[AAO] (...) cephalocordates and craniates belong to a group known as Somitichordata. Somitichordate synapomorphies include (1) somites (...) (reference 1); The idea that the last common ancestor of bilaterian animals (Urbilateria) was segmented has been raised recently on evidence coming from comparative molecular embryology (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] somitic mesodermal cluster AAO:0010569 AEO:0001015 BTO:0001558 EHDAA2:0003436 EHDAA:366 EHDAA:699 EMAPA:31169 FMA:85522 GAID:1306 MAT:0000068 MESH:A16.254.425.660.750 MIAA:0000068 TAO:0000155 UMLS:C0376449 VHOG:0000191 XAO:0000058 ZFA:0000155 uberon epimere epimere mesoderm epithelial somite somites somitic mesoderm somitus UBERON:0002329 When the somite becomes segmented from the segmental plate, it is composed of an epithelial sac enclosing mesenchymal somitocoel cells. Thereafter the somite differentiates into two parts, the ventro-medial mesenchymal sclerotome and the dorso-lateral epithelial dermomyotome. This change in the epithelial somite depends on surrounding tissue [PMID:15906248] somite Anatomical system that consists of the glands and parts of glands that produce exocrine secretions and help to integrate and control bodily metabolic activity. Exocrine glands are glands that secrete their products (hormones) into ducts (duct glands). They are the counterparts to endocrine glands, which secrete their products (hormones) directly into the bloodstream (ductless glands) or release hormones (paracrines) that affect only target cells nearby the release site. [Wikipedia]. CALOHA:TS-2057 EHDAA2:0002225 EMAPA:35329 FMA:85539 MA:0002411 UMLS:C1516995 WikipediaCategory:Exocrine_system exocrine glandular system uberon UBERON:0002330 exocrine system A specialized region of ectoderm found between the neural ectoderm (neural plate) and non-neural ectoderm and composed of highly migratory pluripotent cells that delaminate in early embryonic development from the dorsal neural tube and give rise to an astounding variety of differentiated cell types[MP]. consider including subclasses for pre- and post- migratory (e.g. sheets/paths/streams). A cell population arising from the dorsolateral aspect of the central nervous system primordium during the segmentation period, and later migrating along stereotyped pathways to give rise to a diverse and well-defined set of cell types including pigment cells, peripheral neurons and glia, and head cartilage. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] Migratory cell population which delaminates from neural tube, borders surface ectoderm and neural ectoderm, and gives rise to many different tissue types.[AAO] A well developed neural crest population is present in lampreys (Horigome et al. 1999 ; Tomsa & Langeland, 1999) and gnathostomes. chordate fossils from the early Cambrian (Yunnanozoan and Haikouella) with apparent neural-crest derived structures (pharyngeal denticles and pharyngeal skeletons resembling the striped mucocartilage of the branchial bars in lamprey ammocoete larvae), suggests that neural crest arose very early in vertebrate evolution (Chen et al. 1999; Holland & Chen, 2001). The invertebrate chordates apparently lack defini- tive neural crest. One marker of migrating neural crest in some vertebrates, the antibody HNK1, does not recognize any cells in amphioxus embryos (Holland, unpublished). Even so, in both amphioxus and tunicates, cells at the edges of the neural plate and adjacent nonneural ectoderm share some properties of neural crest[PMID:11523831] We conclude that the neural crest is a vertebrate novelty, but that neural crest cells and their derivatives evolved and diversified in a step-wise fashion - first by elaboration of neural plate border cells, then by the innovation or co-option of new or ancient metazoan cell fates.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010578 BTO:0001764 CALOHA:TS-0676 EHDAA2:0004419 EMAPA:32737 FMA:86666 GAID:1310 MAT:0000066 MESH:A16.254.600 MIAA:0000066 TAO:0000045 UMLS:C0027789 VHOG:0000057 XAO:0000048 ZFA:0000045 NC uberon crista neuralis neural crest material UBERON:0002342 Gene notes: Many factors and genes, such as Pax3 (Tremblay et al., 1995), slug (Nieto et al., 1994), AP-2 (Zhang et al., 1996; Schorle et al., 1996), and Wnt-1/3a (Ikeya et al., 1997) are expressed in the dorsal most region of the neural tube, and have been shown to be involved in the generation of neural crest cells. neural crest Embryonic ectoderm that gives rise to nervous tissue. (...) the ability of ectoderm to produce neuronal cells is a general metazoan feature.[well established][VHOG] neurectodermal we prefer neurectoderm to neural ectoderm since placodal ectoderm is not classified here AAO:0011074 BILA:0000039 CALOHA:TS-1212 EHDAA2:0001248 EHDAA:1498 EHDAA:255 EMAPA:16073 EV:0100004 FBbt:00001061 FMA:87657 MAT:0000176 MIAA:0000176 TAO:0001120 UMLS:C1518271 VHOG:0000150 XAO:0000042 ZFA:0001120 neural ectoderm neuroectoderm uberon epithelium tubi neuralis; neuroectoderma neuaral ectoderm presumptive central nervous system ventral neurogenic region UBERON:0002346 neurectoderm the middle layer of the heart, comprised mainly of striated cardiac muscle fibers TODO - check 'Myocardum proper' in FMA. We superclass the more generic class for now. FMA has is_a muscle layer - should we add this? ZFA and BTO both have is_a 'cardiac muscle' (tissue?). But in U we also follow FMA and have cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium (there is also Fibrocollagenous connective tissue of myocardium), which would be identical (see issue-10). Note that GO also treats left/right ventricular cardiac muscle tissue synonymous with ventricular myocardium Robust muscular tunic of the heart which forms the basic part of its walls. Its external surface is covered by the pericardium and its internal one by the endocardium. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] The middle layer of the heart, consisting of cardiac muscle.[AAO] myocardial AAO:0010410 BSA:0000089 BTO:0000901 CALOHA:TS-0440 EFO:0000819 EHDAA2:0004150 EMAPA:32688 EV:0100022 FMA:9462 GAID:173 MA:0000164 MAT:0000453 MESH:D009206 OpenCyc:Mx4ro36AFrCvEduAAAAOpmP6tw RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001220 TAO:0001319 UMLS:C0027061 VHOG:0000083 XAO:0000065 ZFA:0001319 galen:Myocardium heart myocardium muscle of heart uberon cardiac muscle heart muscle UBERON:0002349 myocardium The cardiac conduction system consists of specialized cardiomyocytes that regulate the frequency of heart beat[GO] EHDAA2 divides the system from the tissue The fish heart displays clear polarity of contraction in a posterior-to-anterior direction. The contraction waves originate in the sinus venosus and terminate in the conus arteriosus. The nodal phenotype persists in the inflow region of the heart, varying from the venosinus to the sinoatrial junctional areas in different species . Similar to the mammalian situation, pacemaker tissue with a lower intrinsic rhythmicity is also found at the atrioventricular junction.[uncertain][VHOG] EFO:0003909 EHDAA2:0004185 EMAPA:35428 EV:0100025 FMA:9476 MA:0000094 MESH:D006329 TAO:0005063 VHOG:0001271 ZFA:0005063 cardiac conducting system cardiac conduction system cardiac impulse conducting system cardionector complexus stimulans cordis heart conduction system impulse conducting system systema conducente cordis uberon central conduction system UBERON:0002350 conducting system of heart The part of the cardiac conduction system that controls the timing of heart muscle contraction. It relays electrical signals to the AV node[GO]. Subdivision of conducting system of heart at the junction of the right atrium and the superior vena cava, around the sinoatrial nodal branch of right coronary artery and is continuous with the internodal tract[FMA]. BTO:0004358 EHDAA2:0004184 EMAPA:35772 FMA:9477 GAID:561 MA:0000097 MESH:D012849 OpenCyc:Mx4rOhejDGMcEd2AAABQjYGu0g TAO:0005069 UMLS:C0037189 ZFA:0005069 Koch's node SA nodal muscle tissue SA node cardiac pacemaker node of Keith-Flack nodus sinuatrialis sinoatrial node sinu-atrial node sinuatrial nodal muscle tissue sinuatrial node sinus node sinus node of Keith and Flack uberon nodus sinuatrialis UBERON:0002351 WP:Heart states: "The SA node is found in all amniotes but not in more primitive vertebrates. In these animals, the muscles of the heart are relatively continuous and the sinus venosus coordinates the beat which passes in a wave through the remaining chambers. Indeed, since the sinus venosus is incorporated into the right atrium in amniotes, it is likely homologous with the SA node. In teleosts, with their vestigial sinus venosus, the main centre of coordination is, instead, in the atrium.". Note however that ZFA has SA node. sinoatrial node The lower segment of the trunk, inferioposterior to the abdomen proper, in the transition area between the trunk and the lower limbs. pelvic MA and FMA differ in what they consider to be parts of the pelvis. MA includes ureter, urethra, urinary bladder, reproductive organs BTO:0001006 CALOHA:TS-2227 EFO:0002805 EMAPA:35931 EV:0100012 FMA:9578 GAID:87 MA:0000030 MESH:A01.673 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjiTJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0030797 galen:Pelvis lesser pelvis pelvic region pelvis pelvis region true pelvis uberon UBERON:0002355 pelvic region of trunk A serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity[VHOG,modified]. TODO - in ZFA is_a epithelium An epithelium that lines the peritoneal cavity.[TAO] Serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity or the coelom. It covers most of the intra-abdominal organs, supports the abdominal organs, and serves as a conduit for their blood and lymph vessels and nerves. It is composed of a layer of mesothelium.[AAO] peritoneal todo: check MA/EMAPA. AAO:0010814 BTO:0001472 CALOHA:TS-2072 EV:0100087 FMA:9584 GAID:18 MA:0000449 MESH:A01.047.025.600 OpenCyc:Mx4rvjJ72ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0005120 UMLS:C0031153 VHOG:0001257 XAO:0000139 ZFA:0005120 galen:Peritoneum uberon peritonaeum UBERON:0002358 peritoneum Membrane organ that surrounds the brain and the spinal cord. Membrane covering the brain and spinal cord. It is represented by a single layer in fishes, two in amphibians, reptiles and birds and three in mammals (named dura mater, arachnoid and pia mater). [TFD][VHOG] In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG] meningeal Whereas cyclostomes and fishes only have a single envelope called the primitive meninx, amphibians have two layers, consisting of an outer dura mater which is extremely dense and protective, and a pia-arachnoid or secondary meninx which is more delicate and vascular. Mammals have three meninges: pia mater (which follows all the convolutions of the brain and is the most interior), the arachnoid layer (which is delicate and sends strands to the pia mater), and the dura mater (the outer, more protective meninx). Not consider part of the CNS/neuraxis in FMA BTO:0000144 CALOHA:TS-1177 EFO:0000867 EMAPA:32660 EV:0100312 FMA:9589 GAID:687 MA:0001113 MAT:0000113 MESH:D008578 OpenCyc:Mx4rwDOl8JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001355 UMLS:C0025285 VHOG:0001295 ZFA:0001355 layer of meninges meningeal layer meninx primitiva uberon UBERON:0002360 meninx A gland that secretes products (excluding hormones and other chemical messengers) into ducts (duct glands) which lead directly into the external environment[WP]. Typical exocrine glands include sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, stomach, liver, pancreas Currently this is logically defined by the system it belongs to, but a better system may be base this on presence/absence of ducts. However, the dual nature of the liver should be taken into consideration here. Consider adding subclasses AEO:0000097 BTO:0000765 CALOHA:TS-2012 EHDAA2:0003097 EMAPA:35327 FMA:9596 GAID:34 MA:0002564 MESH:D005088 UMLS:C0015282 ducted gland glandula exocrina uberon UBERON:0002365 exocrine gland Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products directly into the circulatory system rather than through a duct.[WP, modified]. AEO:0000098 BTO:0001488 CALOHA:TS-1300 EHDAA2:0003098 EMAPA:35999 FMA:9602 GAID:335 MA:0002563 MESH:D004702 OpenCyc:Mx4rvbkiRZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0014133 ductless gland glandula endocrina uberon ductless gland glandulae endocrinae UBERON:0002368 endocrine gland Either of a pair of complex endocrine organs near the anterior medial border of the kidney consisting of a mesodermal cortex that produces glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgenic hormones and an ectodermal medulla that produces epinephrine and norepinephrine[BTO]. Anatomical structure which is found on the surface of the kidney and secretes various hormones including epinephrine, norephinephrine, aldosterone, corticosterone, and cortisol.[AAO] All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues, but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG] The origin of the adrenal gland is still controversial. It is thought to share the same origin as the kidney and gonads, derived from coelomic epithelium of the urogenital ridge and/or the underlying mesenchyme (Keegan and Hammer, 2002; Morohashi, 1997). We follow Kardong and state homology at the level of the cortex and medulla rather than gland as a whole suprarenal cortex manufactures corticosteroids; suprarenal medulla manufactures epinephrine and norepinephrine; suprarenal medulla receives preganglionic sympathetic innervation from the greater thoracic splanchnic n. AAO:0010551 BTO:0000047 CALOHA:TS-0016 EFO:0000238 EMAPA:18426 EV:0100135 FMA:9604 GAID:446 MA:0000116 MAT:0000071 MESH:D000311 MIAA:0000071 OpenCyc:Mx4rvXYiz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0001625 VHOG:0001141 XAO:0000164 galen:AdrenalGland glandula adrenalis glandula suprarenalis uberon adrenal adrenal capsule adrenal medulla cell atrabiliary capsule epinephric gland epinephros glandula suprarenalis interrenal gland suprarenal capsule suprarenal gland UBERON:0002369 adrenal gland the soft tissue that fills the cavities of bones TODO - create superclass for bone marrow / head kidney. both are portions of tissue in the hematopoetic system. also consider adding as subclass of zone of bone organ for consistency with FMA. See also: Leydig and epigonal organs The bone marrow is the hematopoietic organ in all vertebrates but fishes, in which hematopoiesis occurs in the kidney.[well established][VHOG] In adults, marrow in large bones produces new blood cells[Wikipedia:Bone_marrow] AAO:0011007 BTO:0000141 BTO:0000829 CALOHA:TS-0087 EFO:0000868 EMAPA:32760 EV:0100046 FMA:9608 GAID:1287 MA:0000134 MAT:0000084 MESH:D001853 MIAA:0000084 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVm-FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0005953 VHOG:0001218 XAO:0000123 galen:BoneMarrow medulla ossea medulla ossium uberon medulla of bone UBERON:0002371 bone marrow either of the two small almond-shaped masses of lymph tissue found on either side of the oropharynx the term 'tonsil' can be ambiguous, sometimes refering specifically to the palatine tonsil, sometimes generically to include the cecal tonsils of avians. This class represents lymphoid tissue that is part of the tonsillar ring, in the mouth/throat region BTO:0001387 CALOHA:TS-1053 EFO:0001401 EMAPA:35871 EV:0100052 FMA:9609 GAID:341 MA:0000143 MESH:A03.867.603.925 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVivrZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0836921 UMLS:C1519547 UMLS:C1519548 VHOG:0001139 uberon Mandel UBERON:0002372 tonsil Tissue with cells that deposit non-polarized extracellular matrix including connective tissue fibers and ground substance. One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. It is largely a category of exclusion rather than one with a precise definition, but there are certain characteristics shared by all or most tissues in this category, such as involvement in structure and support, derived from mesoderm, and characterized largely by the traits of non-living tissue.[AAO] Portion of tissue that consists of mesodermally derived cells and intercellular matrix comprised of protein fibers and carbohydrates, which supports, ensheathes and binds together other tissues.[TAO] Tissue with cells that deposit non-polarized extracellular matrix including connective tissue fibers and ground substance.[VSAO] MA also has set of connective tissues AAO:0000098 BTO:0000421 CALOHA:TS-2009 EFO:0000952 EMAPA:35251 FMA:9640 GAID:100 MA:0000011 MAT:0000301 MESH:D003238 MIAA:0000301 OpenCyc:Mx4rv-aBgZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001641 UMLS:C0009780 VSAO:0000017 XAO:0001017 ZFA:0001632 galen:ConnectiveTissue portion of connective tissue textus connectivus uberon Bindegewebe UBERON:0002384 connective tissue Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers[GO]. One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. Tissue that contains cells with contractile filaments that move past each other and change the size of the cell. Muscle tissue also is separated into three distinct categories.[AAO] AAO:0000306 AEO:0000122 CALOHA:TS-0642 EHDAA2:0003122 EMAPA:32715 FMA:9641 MA:0002437 MESH:D009132 UMLS:C2328219 galen:MuscleTissue muscular tissue portion of muscle tissue textus muscularis uberon UBERON:0002385 Vertebrate muscle is categorized into three major muscle types defined by their structural and functional properties: skeletal, cardiac and smooth. In Dmel the counterparts are somatic, heart/cardiac and visceral. Here we take a cell type based approach. muscle tissue distal portion of the hind limb, including tarsal region, metatarsal region and digits. pedal BTO:0000476 CALOHA:TS-0377 EFO:0003065 EHDAA2:0000546 EMAPA:17459 FMA:9664 GAID:40 MA:0000044 MESH:D005528 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi-k5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0016504 VHOG:0000350 galen:Foot foot hindlimb autopod hindlimb autopodium hindlimb distal free limb segment pes terminal segment of free lower limb hind foot hind paw hind-paw hindfeet hindfoot hindfoot of quadruped hindpaw uberon hind limb autopodium UBERON:0002387 pes Anatomical system that is involved in the production of hematopoietic cells. Anatomical system that consists of the blood and blood forming tissues.[AAO] Zebrafish developmental hematopoiesis shows close correspondence to the development of the mammalian hematopoietic system and is regulated by conserved molecular pathways.[well established][VHOG] hematopoietic In humans this is primarily the bone marrow, spleen, tonsils, and lymph nodes AAO:0011002 BTO:0000570 CALOHA:TS-0449 EFO:0000798 EMAPA:35402 EV:0100045 FMA:9667 GAID:1008 MA:0002434 MAT:0000022 MESH:D006413 MIAA:0000022 TAO:0005023 UMLS:C0018957 VHOG:0001624 XAO:0000122 ZFA:0005023 haematological system haemopoietic system organa haemopoietica uberon Blutbildungssystem haematopoietic system hematological system hematolymphoid system hemopoietic system UBERON:0002390 hematopoietic system Lymph is the fluid that is formed when interstitial fluid enters the conduits of the lymphatic system[WP]. BTO:0000855 CALOHA:TS-0580 EFO:0000871 ENVO:02000041 EV:0100049 FMA:9671 GAID:1186 MA:0002520 MAT:0000055 MESH:A12.207.630 MIAA:0000055 OpenCyc:Mx4rvpDOU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0024202 VHOG:0001590 ZFA:0005658 galen:Lymph uberon lympha UBERON:0002391 lymph Any of the ducts that form the biliary tree, carrying bile from the liver to the small intestine. A duct that carries bile from the liver to the intestine. Any of the excretory ducts in the liver that convey bile between the liver and the intestine. [TFD][VHOG] (...) the amphibian liver has characteristics in common with both fish and terrestrial vertebrates. (...) The histological structure of the liver is similar to that in other vertebrates, with hepatocytes arranged in clusters and cords separated by a meshwork of sinusoids and the presence of the traditional triad of portal venule, hepatic arteriole, and bile duct.[well established][VHOG] we place the ZFA class here as this fits its textual definition and child nodes. We may recommend a label change for ZFA AAO:0011019 BTO:0000122 CALOHA:TS-0075 EHDAA2:0000741 EMAPA:35171 EV:0100091 FMA:9706 GAID:280 MA:0000354 MESH:D001652 OpenCyc:Mx4rvdCds5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001100 UMLS:C0005400 VHOG:0000212 XAO:0000134 ZFA:0001100 uberon bile tube biliary duct gall duct hepatic duct UBERON:0002394 bile duct The outer serous membrane of the pulmonary pleural. EMAPA:16776 FMA:9733 MA:0002488 OpenCyc:Mx4rvv2Uq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0225777 VHOG:0001495 uberon pleura parietalis UBERON:0002400 the part of the pleura external to the visceral pleura. It lines the inner surface of the chest wall, covers the diaphragm, and is reflected over the structures occupying the middle of the thorax parietal pleura The inner serous membrane of the pulmonary pleural. The visceral pleura lines the lungs. Each lung is invested by an exceedingly delicate serous membrane, the pleura, which is arranged in the form of a closed invaginated sac. A portion of the serous membrane covers the surface of the lung and dips into the fissures between its lobes; it is called the pulmonary pleura (or visceral pleura). The visceral pleura is attached directly to the lungs[Wikipedia:Visceral_pleura]. FMA treats this as part of the lungs EHDAA2:0002205 EMAPA:16777 FMA:9734 MA:0002489 OpenCyc:Mx4rwNFqppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0225776 VHOG:0001496 pleura pulmonalis pleura visceralis pleura visceralis (pulmonalis) pulmonary visceral pleura uberon lung mesothelium lung pleura pulmonary pleura UBERON:0002401 visceral pleura The fluid-filled cavity that lies between the visceral and parietal pleurae. In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart [of other tetrapods] is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes). Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG] The contraction of the diaphragm creates a negative pressure within the pleural cavity which forces the lungs to expand resulting in passive exhalation and active inhalation. This breathing process can be made forceful through the contraction of the external intercostal muscles which forces the rib cage to expand and add to the negative pressure in the pleural cavity causing the lungs to fill with air. The fluid in the cavity provides lubrication and cushioning the EHDAA2 class of the same is not equivalent. See https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/86 BTO:0004422 EHDAA2:0001475 EMAPA:16773 EMAPA:16774 FMA:9740 GAID:95 MA:0000055 MESH:A01.911.800.650 OpenCyc:Mx4rwCKAppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0178802 VHOG:0000581 cavitas pleuralis uberon cavitum pleuralae cavitum pleurale UBERON:0002402 pleural cavity Anatomical system that protects the body from foreign substances, cells, and tissues by producing the immune response and that includes especially the thymus, spleen, lymphoid tissue, lymphocytes including the B cells and T cells, and antibodies. The antibody-based immune system defined by the presence of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), T cell receptor (TCR), B cell receptor (BCR) or recombination activating genes (RAGs) is known beginning from jawed fishes.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011003 BILA:0000104 FMA:9825 GAID:328 MA:0002711 MESH:D007107 OpenCyc:Mx4rvWNkm5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001159 UMLS:C0020962 VHOG:0001247 XAO:0003152 ZFA:0001159 uberon UBERON:0002405 immune system The autonomic nervous system is composed of neurons that are not under conscious control, and is comprised of two antagonistic components, the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The autonomic nervous system regulates key functions including the activity of the cardiac (heart) muscle, smooth muscles (e.g. of the gut), and glands[GO]. Nervous system including a portion of the central and peripheral systems and presiding over the control and coordination of the vegetative functions of the organism. It innervates smooth and cardiac muscles and glandular tissues and is responsible for many actions which are more or less automatic (e.g. secretion, vasoconstriction etc.). It consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] Part of the peripheral nervous system which regulates involuntary functions of the body and consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system.[AAO] From comparative analyses of craniate brains, a morphotype of the brain in the earliest craniate stock can be constructed. In marked contrast to cephalochordates, the ancestral craniate morphotype had a plethora of unique features, which included a telencephalon with pallial and subpallial parts, paired olfactory bulbs with substantial projections to most or all of the telencephalic pallium, paired lateral eyes and ears, a lateral line system for both electroreception and mechanoreception, spinal cord dorsal root ganglia, and an autonomic nervous system.[well established][VHOG] FMA splits this into peripheral and nervous parts; GO has ANS directly under NS; PNS is a sib AAO:0000033 BTO:0002507 CALOHA:TS-2001 EHDA:10095 EHDAA2:0000158 EHDAA:3767 EMAPA:16984 FMA:65553 GAID:706 MA:0000219 MESH:D001341 TAO:0001574 UMLS:C0004388 UMLS:C1305381 VHOG:0000396 ZFA:0001574 autonomic division of peripheral nervous system autonomic part of peripheral nervous system divisio autonomica systematis nervosi peripherici pars autonomica systematis nervosi peripherici peripheral autonomic nervous system visceral nervous system uberon ANS divisio autonomica systematis nervosi peripherici UBERON:0002410 autonomic nervous system Connected anatomical system that forms a barrier between an animal and its environment. In vertebrates, the integumental system consists of the epidermis, dermis plus associated glands and adnexa such as hair and scales. In invertebrates, the integumental system may include cuticle. (...) the integument of many tetrapods is reinforced by a morphologically and structurally diverse assemblage of skeletal elements. These elements are widely understood to be derivatives of the once all-encompassing dermal skeleton of stem-gnathostomes (...).[well established][VHOG] UBERON:0007029 AEO:0000154 BILA:0000118 CALOHA:TS-1299 CARO:0002001 EFO:0000807 EHDAA2:0000836 EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003154 EHDAA:6520 EMAPA:17524 EV:0100151 FBbt:00004969 FMA:72979 HAO:0000421 MA:0000014 MAT:0000033 MESH:D034582 MIAA:0000033 TADS:0000108 UMLS:C0037267 VHOG:0000403 XAO:0000176 galen:Surface integumentary system uberon body surface dermal system external covering of organism integumentum commune organism surface surface UBERON:0002416 integumental system The abdominal segment of the torso. EMAPA:35104 FMA:259211 MA:0000021 uberon abdomen/pelvis/perineum lower body lower trunk lumbar region UBERON:0002417 abdominal segment of trunk Skeletal tissue that is avascular, rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and typically includes chondrocytes within isolated lacunae. Cartilage tissue is deposited by chondroblasts. A type of dense connective tissue. It is composed of cells called chondrocytes which are dispersed in a firm gel-like ground substance, called the matrix. Cartilage is avascular (contains no blood vessels) and nutrients are diffused through the matrix. Cartilage is found in the joints, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, in the throat and between intervertebral disks. It makes up virtually the entire skeleton in chondrichthyes.[AAO] Portion of tissue which is connective tissue composed of collagen and/or elastin fibers and chondrocytes. Cartilage is avascular and provides both skeletal functions and a framework upon which bone is deposited.[TAO] Skeletal tissue that is avascular, rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and typically includes chondrocytes within isolated lacunae. Cartilage tissue is deposited by chondroblasts.[VSAO] relationship loss: subclass specialized connective tissue (AAO:0000571)[AAO] Phylogenetic analysis suggests that cartilage arose independently in cnidarians, hemichordates, vertebrates, arthropods, annelids, brachiopods, and molluscs - or a common ancestor of brachiopods and molluscs (...). Analyses of cartilage as a tissue and of the development of invertebrate cartilages are consistent with homology between invertebrate and vertebrate cartilage. From the discussion above, it will be clear that understanding genetic changes underlying cartilage evolution is key to determining whether the multiple origins of cartilage represent parallel evolution.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0000060 AEO:0000087 BTO:0000206 EFO:0000949 EHDAA2:0003087 EMAPA:32730 EV:0100141 FMA:37377 GAID:99 MA:0000104 MAT:0000189 MESH:D002356 MIAA:0000189 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjeOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001501 UMLS:C0007301 VHOG:0001207 VSAO:0000040 XAO:0000170 ZFA:0005622 galen:Cartilage cartilage tissue cartilaginous tissue chondrogenic tissue uberon cartilage cartilages portion of cartilage tissue UBERON:0002418 Previous: "A portion of connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate[GO]. Regular connective tissue, which consists of chondrocytes and related cells, the intercellular matrix of which is chondrified. Examples: hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, elastic cartilage[FMA]. an avascular supporting and articular skeletal tissue. It also functions as the primary endoskeletal support in vertebrate embryos. Cartilage is deposited by and is composed of chondroblasts and chondrocytes separated by an extracellular matrix, which may or may not mineralize depending on cartilage type, age, or taxon[Hall and Witten]." See also FMA:71500 Set of cartilages, FMA:55107 Cartilage organ, FMA:12264 Articular cartilage. // elements made from cartilage, cartilage-like, or chondroid tissues evolved in invertebrates[H&W] cartilage tissue A gland that is part of a skin of body [Automatically generated definition]. check FMA, use plural for now as general class not there EMAPA:35774 FMA:71878 MA:0000146 glandulae cutis uberon set of skin glands skin glands skin glands set UBERON:0002419 skin gland The part of the digestive system that contains the liver and the biliary system System responsible for the production and movement of bile[ZFIN:curator]. The hepaticobiliary system is responsible for metabolic and catabolic processing of small molecules absorbed from the blood or gut, hormones and serum proteins, detoxification, storage of glycogen, triglycerides, metals and lipid soluble vitamins and excretion of bile. Included are the synthesis of albumin, blood coagulation factors, complement, and specific binding proteins. The parts are: liver, bile duct, gall bladder and hepatic duct [GO:0061008] AAO:0011056 CALOHA:TS-1308 EFO:0000800 EHDAA2:0000998 EHDAA:2189 EMAPA:16840 EV:0100088 MA:0000324 MAT:0000024 MIAA:0000024 TAO:0000036 UMLS:C1711359 VHOG:0000294 XAO:0000132 ZFA:0000036 hepaticobiliary system liver and biliary system uberon liver/biliary system UBERON:0002423 hepatobiliary system A bone that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]. the formal definition is very inclusive, and includes sesamoids NCITA includes clavicle. MA:'limb bone' is actually a bone of limb or girdle EFO:0000945 MAT:0000151 MIAA:0000151 UMLS:C0582791 bone of extremity bone of limb free limb bone uberon UBERON:0002428 limb bone The mucous secreting gland associated with the mucuous membrane lining the uterus. simple or branched tubular BTO:0003433 BTO:0004518 EMAPA:29919 MA:0001726 UMLS:C1183035 endometrial gland endometrial mucuous gland endometrium gland glandulae uterinae uterine gland uberon glandulae uterinae UBERON:0002451 endometrial gland The lymphatic system in vertebrates is a network of conduits that carry a clear fluid called lymph. It also includes the lymphoid tissue through which the lymph travels. Lymphoid tissue is found in many organs, particularly the lymph nodes, and in the lymphoid follicles associated with the digestive system such as the tonsils. The system also includes all the structures dedicated to the circulation and production of lymphocytes, which includes the spleen, thymus, bone marrow and the lymphoid tissue associated with the digestive system[WP]. Part of the circulatory system which consists of a series of vessels which collect blood (exclusive of erythrocytes) which seep through capillary walls and return it to the veins.[AAO] Tetrapods have evolved distinct lymphatic systems, in which lymphatic capillaries help drain most of the tissues of the body.[well established][VHOG] lymphoid The lymphatic system of anuran amphibians is characterized by large lymphatic sacs and two pairs of lymph hearts that return lymph into the venous circulation but no lymph vessels per se [10.1152/japplphysiol.00201.2013] The lymphatic systems of reptiles and some birds have lymph hearts, and both groups have extensive lymph vessels, but their functional role in both lymph movement and plasma volume homeostasis is almost completely unknown [10.1152/japplphysiol.00201.2013] We follow FMA and MA in distinguishing between lymphatic system and lymphoid system, with lymhoid tissue part of the non-lymphatic component, although these terms are often used interchangeably. We assume the ZFA term lymphatic tissue actually corresponds to the broader class (e.g. ZFA lymph node in the ZFA lymphatic system). See tracker for more comments. UBERON:0002096 EHDAA2:0001043 EHDAA:8677 FMA:74594 GAID:931 MA:0002435 MAT:0000197 MIAA:0000197 OpenCyc:Mx4rwQAKT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000385 UMLS:C0024235 VHOG:0000842 XAO:0003199 ZFA:0000385 lymphatic system uberon lymphatic circulatory system lymphatic drainage system systema lymphoideum UBERON:0002465 lymphoid system Terminal segment of free limb, immediately distal to the zeugopod region. The fully developed autopod consists of the autopod skeleton plus associated structures such as integument, muscle tissue, vasculature etc. The autopod is divided into mesopodial, metapodiual, and acropodial segments. Examples: human hand, mouse paw, human foot Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group; note that this refers to the limb segment, not just the skeleton. autopod BTO:0004359 EFO:0000877 EMAPA:32722 FMA:83015 MA:0002714 MAT:0000091 MIAA:0000091 UMLS:C0687080 autopodial limb segment autopodial segment autopodium autopodium region distal free limb segment distal segment of free limb uberon autopodial element distal segment of limb manus/pes paw paw/hand/foot/hoof pod UBERON:0002470 autopod region The middle free limb segment, between the autopod and stylopod segments. Includes as parts the zeugopodial skeleton. Examples: There are two types of zeugopod: forelimb zeugopod (aka forearm), hindlimb zeugopod (aka crus). zeugopodial middle part of limb EFO:0000878 FMA:83016 MA:0002716 MAT:0000092 MIAA:0000092 epipodium middle free limb segment middle limb segment zeugopod limb segment zeugopodial limb segment zeugopodium zygopod zygopodium uberon middle segment of free limb UBERON:0002471 There exists some controversy about which podial segments are present in some fishes, e.g. if the autopod is not newly evolved in tetrapods, there is a question as to which segments are actually present in basal vertebrate taxa.[PHENOSCAPE:curators] zeugopod The proximal free limb segment. Includes as parts the stylopod skeleton. stylopodial Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group proximal part of limb EFO:0000879 FMA:83014 MA:0002717 MAT:0000093 MIAA:0000093 propodium proximal free limb segment stylopodial limb segment stylopodium uberon proximal segment of free limb UBERON:0002472 stylopod Skeletal tissue with a collagen-rich extracellular matrix vascularized, mineralized with hydroxyapatite and typically including osteocytes located in lacunae that communicate with one another by cell processes (in canaliculi). Bone is deposited by osteoblasts. see https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/27 Skeletal tissue with a collagen-rich extracellular matrix vascularized, mineralized with hydroxyapatite and typically including osteocytes located in lacunae that communicate with one another by cell processes (in canaliculi). Bone is deposited by osteoblasts.[VSAO] CALOHA:TS-2011 EMAPA:35179 FMA:224804 MA:0002780 MESH:D001842 UMLS:C0391978 VSAO:0000047 XAO:0004040 ZFA:0005621 galen:BoneTissue calcium tissue osseous tissue osteogenic tissue mineralized bone tissue uberon bone portion of bone tissue UBERON:0002481 bone tissue Long bone is a limb bone that is subcylindrical and has a shaft with periosteum separating the ends of the bones. Long bones are present only in the limbs[VSAO:wd]. BTO:0004256 EMAPA:35503 FMA:7474 MA:0002802 OpenCyc:Mx4rv6axr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0222647 galen:LongBone uberon os longum UBERON:0002495 Endochondral_ossification is an essential process during the rudimentary formation of long bones, with the exception of the clavicle[Wikipedia:Endochondral_ossification]. The medial and and lateral ends undergo EO, the mid-portion is formed by a process with features of EO & IO (the process is shared by the mandible)[ISBN:9780397517251] long bone Replacement bone that forms within cartilage. placement in this class to be inferred Replacement bone that forms within cartilage.[VSAO] some structures, e.g. in ZFA are both intramembrane and endochondral AAO:0010776 AEO:0000083 BTO:0002157 EHDAA2:0003083 FMA:24321 TAO:0001591 VSAO:0000145 XAO:0004018 ZFA:0001591 ossified chondrogenic bone uberon cartilaginous bone endochondral bones UBERON:0002513 endochondral bone https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern Connective tissue composed of elastic fibers. FMA:20113 GAID:926 MA:0002853 MESH:D004547 elastic connective tissue textus connectivus elasticus elastic fiber uberon UBERON:0002521 elastic tissue The middle layer of an artery or vein. [WP,unvetted]. BTO:0002011 EMAPA:36298 FMA:55590 GAID:170 MA:0002855 MESH:D017540 UMLS:C0162867 uberon tunica media vasorum UBERON:0002522 May be composed of smooth muscle and elastic tissue tunica media The innermost layer of a blood vessel which is a lining of endothelial cells facing the lumen[Kardong]. the FMA class represents a more generic layer which is the superclass of the layer found in both blood vessels and lymph vessels (and also endocardium) - we should probably follow this structure The tunica intima (or just intima) is the innermost layer of an artery or vein. It is made up of one layer of endothelial cells and is supported by an internal elastic lamina. The endothelial cells are in direct contact with the blood flow. The inner coat (tunica intima) can be separated from the middle by a little maceration, or it may be stripped off in small pieces; but, on account of its friability, it cannot be separated as a complete membrane. It is a fine, transparent, colorless structure which is highly elastic, and, after death, is commonly corrugated into longitudinal wrinkles. The inner coat consists of: A layer of pavement endothelium, the cells of which are polygonal, oval, or fusiform, and have very distinct round or oval nuclei. This endothelium is brought into view most distinctly by staining with silver nitrate. A subendothelial layer, consisting of delicate connective tissue with branched cells lying in the interspaces of the tissue; in arteries of less than 2 mm. in diameter the subendothelial layer consists of a single stratum of stellate cells, and the connective tissue is only largely developed in vessels of a considerable size. An elastic or fenestrated layer, which consists of a membrane containing a net-work of elastic fibers, having principally a longitudinal direction, and in which, under the microscope, small elongated apertures or perforations may be seen, giving it a fenestrated appearance. It was therefore called by Henle the fenestrated membrane. This membrane forms the chief thickness of the inner coat, and can be separated into several layers, some of which present the appearance of a network of longitudinal elastic fibers, and others a more membranous character, marked by pale lines having a longitudinal direction. In minute arteries the fenestrated membrane is a very thin layer; but in the larger arteries, and especially in the aorta, it has a very considerable thickness. [WP,unvetted].[Wikipedia] BTO:0002012 EMAPA:36297 FMA:55589 GAID:523 MA:0002861 MESH:D017539 UMLS:C0162864 uberon Bichat's tunic intima tunica intima vasorum UBERON:0002523 tunica intima A major subdivision of a mature or developing limb, including both skeletal elements (or the mesenchyme that gives rise to the skeletal elements) and associated tissues, such as muscle, connective tissue, integument. Examples: autopod region, zeugopod region, stylopod region, metapodial region, arm region. Excludes the limb girdles. TODO - align this with the CARO2 class 'appendage segment'; note the FMA class does not appear to require repetition FMA has both limb segment and free limb segment, the former includes the girdles. Note that MA uses the term more generally and includes A,S,Z,S+Z(arm/leg), whereas FMA is just A,S,Z FMA:241863 MA:0002889 UMLS:C1268195 free limb segment segment of limb subdivision of limb uberon extremity part limb region region of limb UBERON:0002529 limb segment an organ that functions as a secretory or excretory organ glandular UBERON:MIAA_0000021 AAO:0000212 AEO:0000096 BTO:0000522 EFO:0000797 EHDAA2:0003096 EHDAA:2161 EHDAA:4475 EHDAA:6522 EMAPA:18425 FBbt:00100317 FMA:7146 FMA:86294 HAO:0000375 MA:0003038 MAT:0000021 MIAA:0000021 OpenCyc:Mx4rwP3vyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C1285092 WikipediaCategory:Glands galen:Gland glandular organ uberon Druese glandula UBERON:0002530 gland An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a paired fin. The fin bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP]. Embryonic surface structure that develops into a paired fin.[ZFA] EFO:0003468 MAT:0000062 MIAA:0000062 TAO:0001383 VSAO:0000179 ZFA:0001383 fin bud fin buds uberon UBERON:0002531 paired fin bud In amniote animal embryology, the epiblast is a tissue type derived either from the inner cell mass in mammals or the blastodisc in birds and reptiles. It lies above the hypoblast. In mammalian embryogenesis, the columnar cells of the epiblast are adjacent to the trophoblast, while the cuboidal cells of the hypoblast are closer to the blastocoele. The epiblast, whilst referred to as the primary ectoderm, differentiates to form all three layers of the trilaminar germ disc in a process called gastrulation[WP]. The outer of the two layers of the blastoderm that form during gastrulation, corresponding to primitive ectoderm during gastrulation and to the definitive ectoderm after gastrulation[ZFA] MP says - tissue that gives rise to the ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm of the embryo proper. In HOG, epiblast is part of primitive streak/blastpore, which is inconsistent with the MP definition of primitive streak as a ridge of the epiblast. Note that these terms, epiblast and hypoblast, are also used to describe layers of the avian embryonic blastoderm, but the layers so-named seem to be altogether different in these two kinds of vertebrate embryos(CVS). Consider obsoleting this as a grouping class In pregastrula zebrafish embryos, the epiblast is an inverted cup of cells that sits on top of a large yolk cell. (...) In amniote embryos (mammals and birds), gastrulation initiates in an epithelial layer called the epiblast. Cells in the epiblast undergo an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), migrate through the primitive streak (PS), and incorporate in the middle (mesoderm) or outer (endoderm) layer. The presumptive definitive endoderm (DE) cells invade and displace an outer layer of extraembryonic tissue cells, the hypoblast in chick and the visceral endoderm (VE) in mouse, which form supporting structures such as the yolk sac.[uncertain][VHOG] BTO:0004593 FMA:296704 MAT:0000067 MIAA:0000067 VHOG:0000243 epiblast uberon blastocyst ectoblast epiblastus primitive ectoderm UBERON:0002532 epiblast (generic) Fin that is one of a pair located ventrally on the organism. TAO:0002278 VSAO:0000111 ZFA:0005596 artioptérygie@fr nageoire paire@fr pelvic/pectoral fin uberon UBERON:0002534 paired fin One of a series of paired bulges that develop along the lateral walls of the foregut. The pharyngeal arches have developmental contributions from endoderm, mesoderm, and neural crest cells and are separated by anterior lateral endoderm out-pockets known as pharyngeal pouches. One of a series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo.[AAO] A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down.[well established][VHOG] Numbered cranial to caudal. different in mammals. branchial arch = ZFA:0001613 pharyngeal arch 3-7. generally gill arch 1 = pharyngeal arch 3. terminology varies as to whether branchial arch follows gill or pharyngeal numbering AAO:0010359 BTO:0001785 EFO:0000959 EHDAA:571 EMAPA:16117 FMA:293015 GAID:1292 MAT:0000242 MESH:A16.254.160 MIAA:0000242 TAO:0001306 UMLS:C0080322 VHOG:0000155 XAO:0000096 ZFA:0001306 pharyngeal arches branchial arch uberon arcus pharyngei visceral arch UBERON:0002539 pharyngeal arch A subdivision of the autopod that has as part a series of phalanges together with associated vasculature, musculature, integument and nerves. It is continuous with the metapodial subdivision of the autopod, but does not include the metapodials. In species such as humans, fully formed digits are distinct, whereas in other species the digits may be connected by interdigital webbing, or may be completely unseparated (for example, in cetaceans). this class represents the entire organism subdivision encompassing soft tissue as well as the underlying skeletal framework. The class represents the phalangeal part only - historically the term 'digit' has also been used to represent the unit consisting of a series of phalanges together with a metapodial bone. We may in future relabel this class to avoid confusion with this concept, but the class will continue to represent the phalangeal portion Our reinterpretation of the distal fin endoskeleton of Panderichthys removes the final piece of evidence supporting the formerly popular hypothesis that tetrapod digits are wholly new structures without homologues in sarcopterygian fish fins. This hypothesis, which was based partly on the complete absence of plausible digit homologues in Panderichthys (then the closest known relative of tetrapods), has already been called into question by the discovery of digit-like radials in Tiktaalik and the fact that Hox gene expression patterns closely resembling those associated with digit formation in tetrapods occur in the distal fin skeletons of paddlefish and Australian lungfish. Our new data show that Panderichthys is not an anomaly: like Tiktaalik and other fish members of the Tetrapodomorpha, it has distal radials that can be interpreted as digit homologues.[well established][VHOG] digital AAO:0011126 EFO:0000881 EMAPA:32725 FMA:85518 MA:0000690 MAT:0000285 MIAA:0000285 OpenCyc:Mx4rvzLD_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0582802 VHOG:0000944 XAO:0003032 galen:Digit acropodial unit digit (phalangeal portion) plus soft tissue limb digit uberon UBERON:0002544 digit Ectodermal placode that develops in the head into a part of the sensory nervous system. With a few exceptions (lens, adenohypophyseal), cranial placodes are neurogenic. to avoid confusion, we include neurogenic placode as a subclass. Do not merge. Comparisons of developmental gene expression suggest that the anterior ectoderm in amphioxus may be homologous to the vertebrate olfactory placode, the only vertebrate placode with primary, not secondary, neurons The term placode or placodes also applies to developing organs such as teeth, mammary glands, hair follicles, feathers and scales. We include a separate parent class for this. placode AAO:0010466 EFO:0001650 MAT:0000369 MIAA:0000369 XAO:0000305 uberon cranial placodes UBERON:0002546 cranial placode Anatomical space which contains portions of one or more body substances and is bounded by the internal surface of one maximally connected anatomical structure. Examples: cranial cavity, pharyngeal recess space, nasal cavity, tooth socket, cavity of serous sac, lumen of stomach, lumen of artery, fornix of vagina. cavity FMA:67552 MA:0002447 galen:Cavity uberon UBERON:0002553 anatomical cavity Anatomical divisons of the brain according to one or more criteria, e.g. cytoarchitectural, gross anatomy. Parts may be contiguous in 3D or not, e.g., basal ganglia. FMA:55676 UMLS:C0445620 anatomical structure of brain biological structure of brain brain anatomical structure brain biological structure brain part neuraxis segment neuroanatomical region segment of brain uberon UBERON:0002616 regional part of brain A spinal cord segment that adjacent_to a cervical region. FMA:71166 MA:0003081 UMLS:C0581619 UMLS:C1278837 cervical segment of spinal cord cervical segments of spinal cord [1-8] cervical spinal cord pars cervicalis medullae spinalis segmenta cervicalia medullae spinalis [1-8 uberon UBERON:0002726 cervical spinal cord A thick plate of cells derived from the neural ectoderm in the head region of the embryo that develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity. We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (2) neurogenic placodes (...).[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011076 EFO:0003420 EHDAA2:0001232 EHDAA:1504 EMAPA:16543 FMA:293971 TAO:0000048 VHOG:0000186 XAO:0000005 ZFA:0000048 olfactory placodes placoda nasalis placoda olfactoria uberon nasal I placode nasal placode UBERON:0003050 Olfactory placodes are the only ectodermal placodes to produce glia, a cell type typically derived from neural crest // Note that NBK53171 classifies this as non-neurogenic olfactory placode The saccular invagination of ectoderm from which the vertebrate inner ear develops[BTO]. Epithelial sac present beside the fifth rhombomere; forms the semicircular canals dorsally and the otolith organs ventrally, and houses the acoustico-vestibular sensory epithelia (maculae) of hair cells[ZFA]. epithelial sac of invaginated ectoderm formed from the otic placode that gives rise to the structures of the inner ear[MP] Epithelial sac present beside the fifth rhombomere; forms the semicircular canals dorsally and the otolith organs ventrally, and houses the acoustico-vestibular sensory epithelia (maculae) of hair cells. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO] One of the paired sacs of invaginated ectoderm that develop into the membranous labyrinth of the internal ear. [Biology_online][VHOG] The inner ear develops embryonically in all vertebrates as an invagination of the ectodermal otic placode to form an otic vesicle.[well established][VHOG] UBERON:0004373 AAO:0011080 BTO:0002661 EHDAA2:0001342 EMAPA:16669 FMA:302920 TAO:0000051 UMLS:C1518678 VHOG:0001148 XAO:0000006 ZFA:0000051 otic vesicle uberon OV acoustic vesicle auditory vesicle otocyst UBERON:0003051 ear vesicle The part of the brain that is the morphological boundary between the midbrain and hindbrain and that is the location of an organizing center which patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate. consider adding class for organizer. Consider adding separate class for isthmus as a structure Lampreys also have an MHB [midbrain hindbrain boundary], expressing a similar repertoire of regulatory gene cognates as in gnathostomes.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011064 DMBA:16810 EHDAA2:0004395 EHDAA:5789 EMAPA:32857 TAO:0000042 VHOG:0000649 XAO:0000016 ZFA:0000042 MHB mid-hindbrain boundary mid-hindbrain junction midbrain hindbrain boundary uberon isthmic organizer territory isthmo-cerebellar region isthmus isthmus/MHB UBERON:0003052 midbrain-hindbrain boundary A temporary epithelium that derives from the outer layer of the ectdoerm and is shed once the inner layer differentiates to form a true epidermis. The outermost epidermal layer covering the fish at embryonic stages; derived from the EVL and thought to eventually be replaced by the superficial stratum of the epidermis. Sometimes used synonymously with EVL. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO] relationship type change: OBO_REL:part_of ectoderm (TAO:0000016) CHANGED TO: develops_from ectoderm (UBERON:0000924)[TAO] In mice, the first non-basal layer formed at ~E9.5; it is a temporary structure composed of simple squamous epithelium that serves as the first barrier to the embryo's physical environment, exists throughout the entire keratinocyte stratification process, and sheds off at ~E17, when it is replaced by corneocytes[MP] In some mammals, Eyelid Fusion is thought to be driven by a population of cells which are derived from the periderm, the outermost layer of the developing epidermis Originally the epidermis is one layer thick, in most vertebrates it soon becomes a two-layered structure. The outer layer gives rise to the periderm. The periderm goes through distinct developmental phases and is ultimately sloughed into the amniotic fluid when differentiation of the underlying epidermal layers is complete. The function of the periderm is not known, but is thought to be related to transport/exchange between the fetus and the amniotic fluid (http://courses.washington.edu/hubio567/devbio/periderm.html) EHDAA2:0001846 EHDAA:6538 FMA:295662 TAO:0001185 UMLS:C1518973 VHOG:0001680 XAO:0000029 ZFA:0001185 skin periderm uberon EVL epidermis epithelial layer epidermis outer layer epitrichium periderm UBERON:0003055 periderm The portion of neural plate anterior to the mid-hindbrain junction. (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011084 TAO:0007016 VHOG:0001200 XAO:0000045 ZFA:0007016 uberon anterior neural plate UBERON:0003056 pre-chordal neural plate The portion of neural plate posterior to the mid-hindbrain junction. (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG] TAO:0007017 VHOG:0001201 XAO:0000046 ZFA:0007017 uberon posterior neural plate UBERON:0003057 chordal neural plate Unsegmented field of paraxial mesoderm present posterior to the most recently formed somite pair, from which somites will form. Unsegmented field of paraxial mesoderm present posterior to the most recently formed somite pair, from which somites will form. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] It is reasonable to assume that the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates had an amphioxus-like tail bud in its larval stage. This archetypal tail bud would have (...) (3) lacked any component of mesenchyme cells, (4) budded off new mesodermal segments directly, without any intervening zone of presomitic mesoderm (...). Then, early in vertebrate evolution, epithelium-to-mesenchyme interconversions (and the gene networks for effecting them) became prominent features of development. (...) In any case, conspicuous mesenchymal components tended to be added to the vertebrate tail bud itself. In addition, a mesenchymatous presomitic mesoderm (not a part of the tail bud proper) came to intervene between the tail bud and the forming somites.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011086 EFO:0001982 EMAPA:16189 EMAPA:16752 TAO:0000279 VHOG:0000559 XAO:0000057 ZFA:0000279 segmental plate unsegmented paraxial mesoderm uberon PSM presumptive somite mesoderm somitogenic mesoderm somitomeric mesoderm unsegmented mesenchyme UBERON:0003059 presomitic mesoderm In mammals, the pronephric duct is the predecessor of the Wolffian duct[WP]. Duct of the embryonic kidney, present bilaterally ventral to the somites and leading to the anal region where it empties separately from, and just posterior to the anus. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] The first-formed kidney duct, which drains the kidney of most anamniotes and becomes the ductus deferens of male amniotes. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-3, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG] (...) in all craniates, the archinephric duct develops in embryogeny.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011088 TAO:0000150 UMLS:C1283945 VHOG:0000082 XAO:0000063 ZFA:0000150 uberon archinephric duct ductus pronephricus pronephric ducts UBERON:0003060 The pronephric duct collects the filtrate from the pronephric tubules and opens to the exterior of the pronephric kidney[GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15647339, XAO:0000063, ZFA:0000150] pronephric duct Blood islands are structures in the developing embryo which lead to many different parts of the circulatory system. They primarily derive from plexuses formed from angioblasts. Within them, vacuoles appear through liquefaction of the central part of the syncytium into plasma. The lumen of the blood vessels thus formed is probably intracellular. The flattened cells at the periphery form the endothelium. The nucleated red blood corpuscles develop either from small masses of the original angioblast left attached to the inner wall of the lumen or directly from the flat endothelial cells. In either case the syncytial mass thus formed projects from and is attached to the wall of the vessel. Such a mass is known as a blood island and hemoglobin gradually accumulates within it. Later the cells on the surface round up, giving the mass a mulberry-like appearance. Then the red blood cells break loose and are carried away in the plasma. Such free blood cells continue to divide. Blood islands have been seen in the area vasculosa in the omphalomesenteric vein and arteries, and in the dorsal aorta[WP, unvetted]. Nests of developing blood cells arising late in the segmentation period from the intermediate mass, and located in the anterior-ventral tail, just posterior to the yolk extension. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] Region located on the ventral surface of the developing embryo that is a site of hematopoiesis and that is analogous to the yolk sac blood islands of higher vertebrates.[AAO] relationship loss: part_of intermediate cell mass of mesoderm (TAO:0000033)[TAO] Small clusters of mesodermal cells called blood islands mark the embryonic debut of the cardiovascular system (in vertebrates) (reference 1); In birds and mammals, primitive hemangioblasts are extraembryonic, populating the yolk sac as the so-called blood islands (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] EHDAA2 distinguishes 3 types, but does not have a superclass. The VHOG class may refer to yolk sac ventral lateral plate mesoderm AAO:0011006 EFO:0003489 EHDAA:207 TAO:0000094 TE:E5.11.2.0.0.0.4 UMLS:C1511224 VHOG:0000085 XAO:0000067 ZFA:0000094 blood islands uberon VBI caudal hematopoietic tissue posterior ICM posterior blood island ventral blood island UBERON:0003061 blood island A horseshoe-shaped thickening of the endoderm at the cranial (rostral) end of the primitive streak formed by the involution of Spemann's organizer cells which, together with the notochord, induces the formation of the neural plate from the overlying ectodermal cells and contributes mesodermal type cells to the surrounding tissue TODO - check; developmental relationship to anterior hypoblast in ZFA? Axial hypoblast located anterior to the chorda mesoderm; the polster is its most anterior region. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] Axial mesoderm that lies anterior to the notochord and that underlies the forebrain. [Amphioxus_goosecoid_and_the_evolution_of_the_head_organizer_and_prechordal_plate._Evolution_and_Development_(2008)_2(6):303-310, Neidert_AH, Panopoulou_G_and_Langeland_JA][VHOG] There are two opposing models that can potentially explain the differences in gsc (goosecoid) expression between amphioxus and vertebrates. In one model, the vertebrate gsc expression pattern more closely resembles the common ancestral state and the amphioxus gsc expression pattern is a derivation associated with its unique morphology. (...) In an alternate model, the amphioxus gsc expression pattern most closely represents the common ancestral state and the vertebrate pattern is derived. This model suggests that the evolution of vertebrates was accompanied by the segregation of gsc expression, from a more general domain underlying the entire brain anlage to a distinct forebrain organizer domain and subsequent prechordal plate. We feel this second model is more parsimonious than the first model in that what would be novel anterior gsc expression in vertebrates directly correlates with a novel vertebrate anterior structure, the prechordal plate.[well established][VHOG] UBERON:0004881 head mesenchyme head mesoderm AAO:0011085 EHDAA2:0001493 EHDAA:181 FMA:295532 TAO:0000060 VHOG:0000086 XAO:0000079 ZFA:0000060 uberon UBERON:0003063 prechordal plate The intermediate mesoderm is located between the lateral mesoderm and the paraxial mesoderm. It develops into the kidney and gonads. Mesoderm between somite and lateral plate. Traditionally thought to give rise to the urogenital system.[AAO] (...)the mesoderm of a developing vertebrate transitionally differentiates into the following sub-types: Chordamesoderm (also known as axial mesoderm) which later on gives rise to notochord in all chordates, Paraxial mesoderm, Intermediate mesoderm, Lateral plate mesoderm (reference 1); The mesoderm is present in Bilateria, therefore they are sometimes called triploblasts. Ectoderm and endoderm are usually organized as epithelial layers, while mesoderm can be epithelial or a compact, three-dimensional tissue.[well established][VHOG] all AOs differ in the relationship between this structure and the mesoderm; in ZFA it is a subclass (and this is implied by the GO definition and GO relationships), in AAO it is part of, and in EHDAA2 it develops from the mesoderm (but in EHDAA2 the naming convention is to use 'paraxial mesenchyme', rather than 'paraxial mesoderm'). AAO:0010575 EMAPA:16056 EMAPA:16178 FMA:293147 TAO:0001206 UMLS:C1284010 VHOG:0000087 XAO:0000085 ZFA:0001206 uberon IM intermediate mesenchyme intermediate plate intermediate plate mesoderm mesenchyma intermedium UBERON:0003064 intermediate mesoderm The second pharyngeal arch will form the hyoid apparatus. The cranial neural crest cells that populate the second pharyngeal arch emerge primarily from rhombomere 4 and will form skeletal elements. The second of the series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo.[AAO] A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG] in XAO, develops from visceral pouch 2 2 AAO:0010363 EHDAA2:0000050 EHDAA:611 EMAPA:16272 FMA:293017 TAO:0001596 VHOG:0000297 XAO:0000098 ZFA:0001611 2nd pharyngeal arch arcus pharyngeus secundus branchial arch 2 hyoid arch pharyngeal arch 2 second branchial arch second pharyngeal arch second visceral arch visceral arch 2 uberon 2nd arch 2nd visceral arch hyoid bars pharyngeal arches 2 UBERON:0003066 pharyngeal arch 2 Lateral neurogenic placodes positioned dorsal of the epibranchial placodes. In summary, the collective term 'placodes' refers to some rather different structures, probably with different evolutionary origins. Some sensory placodes (at least the otic and olfactory) may have homologues in basal chordates. Even if this is so, it is apparent that they were elaborated considerably during early vertebrate evolution. Epibranchial and dorsolateral placodes appear to be new; we infer that their origin depended on the evolution of specific inductive signals.[well established][VHOG] TAO:0001310 VHOG:0000103 XAO:0000187 ZFA:0001310 dorsolateral placodes uberon UBERON:0003067 The only remaining dorsolateral placode in land vertebrates is the otic/octaval placode dorsolateral placode The axial mesoderm includes the prechordal mesoderm and the chordamesoderm. It gives rise to the prechordal plate and to the notochord. The portion of the mesoderm underlying the midline of the embryo. [Gastrulation:_From_cells_to_embryo_(2004)_Cold_Spring_Harbor, Glossary_XV, New_York:_Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory_Press, Stern_CD][VHOG] AAO:0011017 EFO:0003647 TAO:0001204 VHOG:0000107 XAO:0000205 ZFA:0001204 uberon chordamesoderm UBERON:0003068 axial mesoderm A cranial placode which, once specified, invaginates to form an otic cup, which eventually separates from the surface ectoderm to form the otic vesicle or otocyst, a rounded structure without appar- ent polarity. As the otic placode invaginates into a cup neuroblasts delaminate from the anterior ventral aspect of the otic epithelium to give rise to neurons of the vestibulocochlear (statoacoustic) ganglion of cranial nerve VIII[NBK] Primordium of the ear epithelium before it hollows into the otic vesicle, present beside the hindbrain rudiment in the midsegmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO] We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (2) neurogenic placodes (...).[well established][VHOG] With the exception of the pigment cells of the stria vascularis and the secretory epithelium of the cochlea, which are of neural crest origin, all compo- nents of the inner ear derive from the otic placode. In most species the thickening of the ectoderm into a placode occurs in a region adjacent to rhombomere 5 (reviewed in Ohyama et al., 2007), while in amphibians the otic placode is centered onto rhombomere 4 (Ruiz i Altaba and Jessell, 1991). AAO:0011079 EFO:0003429 EHDAA2:0001339 EHDAA:506 EMAPA:16195 FMA:293973 TAO:0000138 UMLS:C1518677 VHOG:0000235 XAO:0000223 ZFA:0000138 placoda otica uberon auditory placode ear placode ear/otic placode octaval VIII placode octaval placode UBERON:0003069 otic placode Portion of tissue that is part of the anterior neural keel and will form the optic vesicle[ZFA]. A paired ectodermal placode that becomes invaginated to form the embryonic lens vesicles. TODO - check that GO's optic placode is the same as ZFA's eye primordium; we may want to have separate term for ocular primordium precursor. XAO has both optic field and eye primordium. UBERON:0005060 AAO:0011038 EFO:0003541 EHDAA2:0004431 TAO:0000570 XAO:0000227 XAO:0004090 ZFA:0000570 eye placode occular primordium ocular primordium optic placode optic placode of camera-type eye optic primordium uberon eye anlage eye field optic field optic placodes UBERON:0003071 eye primordium Multi-tissue structure that is comprised of neural and non-neural epithelial layers which will form the retina and retinal pigmented epithelium of the mature eye[ZFA]. double walled structured formed by expansion and invagination of the distal end of the optic vesicle that develops into the pigmented and sensory layers of the retina while the mouth of the optic cup eventually forms the pupil of the eye[MP]. (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup.[well established][VHOG] BTO:0005351 EHDAA2:0001303 EHDAA:2912 EMAPA:16674 TAO:0001202 UMLS:C0231109 VHOG:0000167 ZFA:0001202 uberon eye cup eyecup ocular cup ophtalmic cup UBERON:0003072 optic cup A thickened portion of ectoderm which serves as the precursor to the lens. SOX2 and Pou2f1 are involved in its development[WP]. Ectodermal primordium of the lens of the eye. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The optic cup induces the overlying surface ectoderm first to thicken as a lens placode and then to invaginate and form a lens vesicle that differentiates into the lens.[well established][VHOG] Classical transplantation experiments using amphibian embryos suggested that the optic vesicle is the source of lens-inducing signals sufficient to generate lens tissues in competent ectoderm (reviewed in Grainger et al., 1996). More recent findings suggest a multistep model for lens induction. There is now good evidence that lens specification occurs at the neurula stage, before the optic vesicle contact the surface ectoderm, and that neural crest cell migration in the frontonasal region is required to restrict the position of the lens placode (Bailey et al., 2006) AAO:0011055 EFO:0003494 EHDAA2:0000982 EHDAA:2908 EMAPA:16672 FMA:296767 TAO:0000122 UMLS:C1517770 VHOG:0000166 XAO:0000240 ZFA:0000122 uberon lens placodes placoda lentis UBERON:0003073 lens placode Paired organ that connects the primitive kidney Wolffian body (or mesonephros) to the cloaca and serves as the anlage for certain male reproductive organs. the Wolffian duct is what remains of the pronephric duct after the atrophy of the pronephros[WP]. In Zebrafish: Duct of the adult kidney (mesonephros), present bilaterally ventral to the somites and leading to the cloacal chamber[ZFA]. Consider adding subclasses for male and female specific variants TODO - mesonephric portion of the nephric duct Anatomical structure consisting of either of a pair of longitudinal ducts which carry urine and in males, sperm, to the cloaca.[AAO] The first-formed kidney duct, which drains the kidney of most anamniotes and becomes the ductus deferens of male amniotes. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-3, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG] (...) in all craniates, the archinephric duct develops in embryogeny.[well established][VHOG] In the male the Wolffian duct persists, and forms for example the epididymis, the ductus deferens, the ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicle and efferent ducts. AAO:0000637 EHDAA2:0001243 EHDAA:1590 EMAPA:16577 GAID:1315 MESH:A16.254.940 TAO:0000546 UMLS:C0043204 VHOG:0000082 XAO:0000242 ZFA:0000546 Wolffian duct uberon Leydig's duct archinephric duct ductus mesonephricus; ductus Wolffi renal duct UBERON:0003074 mesonephric duct A region of embryonic ectodermal cells that lie directly above the notochord. During neurulation, they change shape and produce an infolding of the neural plate (the neural fold) that then seals to form the neural tube[XAO]. The earliest recognizable dorsal ectodermal primordium of the central nervous system present near the end of gastrulation before infolding to form the neural keel; consists of a thickened pseudostratified epithelium[ZFA] The earliest recognizable dorsal ectodermal primordium of the central nervous system present near the end of gastrulation before infolding to form the neural keel; consists of a thickened pseudostratified epithelium. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011072 BTO:0001765 DHBA:10153 DMBA:15565 EHDAA:346 EHDAA:902 EMAPA:35593 FMA:293879 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001252 TAO:0000132 UMLS:C0920623 VHOG:0000068 XAO:0000249 ZFA:0000132 uberon lamina neuralis presumptive central nervous system UBERON:0003075 neural plate (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011082 TAO:0007037 VHOG:0001383 XAO:0000250 ZFA:0007037 uberon UBERON:0003076 posterior neural tube The paraxial mesoderm is the mesoderm located bilaterally adjacent to the notochord and neural tube[GO] Mesoderm lateral to the neural tube and notochord that is divided into cranial and post-cranial portions. The trunk portions further segment into somites.[AAO] Presently, Cephalochordata, Urochordata, and Vertebrata are placed as subphyla of the phylum Chordata, in which the overall organization of embryonic tissues (dorsal hollow nerve cord, ventral digestive tract, axial notochord, and bilateral paraxial mesoderm) is largely conserved. In contrast, the echinoderms and hemichordates are sister groups of the chordates and they lack the notochord and paraxial mesoderm. Thus, the basic mesodermal organization of vertebrates must have appeared first in the common ancestor of the chordates.[well established][VHOG] note that all AOs differ in the relationship between this structure and the mesoderm; in ZFA it is a subclass (and this is implied by the GO definition and GO relationships), in AAO it is part of, and in EHDAA2 it develops from the mesoderm (but in EHDAA2 the naming convention is to use 'paraxial mesenchyme', rather than 'paraxial mesoderm'). Also in ZFA it is part of the trunk whereas this conflicts with the division into head and trunk in ehdaa2 (which we follow here) AAO:0010568 EFO:0003515 EMAPA:16183 EMAPA:16751 FMA:293145 TAO:0000255 UMLS:C1284009 VHOG:0000114 XAO:0000259 ZFA:0000255 paraxial mesenchyme somitic mesoderm uberon mesoderma paraxiale UBERON:0003077 paraxial mesoderm Focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches and that produce the neuroblasts that migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia. Focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches and that produce the neuroblasts that migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia. [Graham_A, The_development_and_evolution_of_the_pharyngeal_arches._J_Anat_(2001)_199:_133-141][VHOG] These (the epibranchial placodes) are focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches in all vertebrates, and they produce the neuroblasts which migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia: the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia. (...) The one substantial difference between the vertebrate pharyngeal arches and those of the protochordates is the presence of the epibranchial placodes but the evolution of these structures was undoubtedly driven by the endoderm.[well established][VHOG] Epibranchial placodes-derived neurons innervate internal organs to transmit information such as heart rate, blood pressure, and visceral distension from the periphery to the central nervous system (Baker and Bronner-Fraser, 2001). From rostral to caudal the epibranchial placodes comprise the geniculate, petrosal, and nodose placodes, each associated in sequence with the first, second and third branchial clefts. Each placode contributes sensory neurons to cranial nerves VII (facial nerve), IX (glossopharyngeal nerve), and X (vagal nerve), respectively in XAO this develops_from dorsolateral placode, but in NBK53175, this is a separate group AAO:0011036 EFO:0003455 FMA:293968 TAO:0001294 VHOG:0000117 XAO:0000284 ZFA:0001294 epibranchial placodes uberon ventrolateral placode UBERON:0003078 epibranchial placode TODO - add grouping class for the anterior end of the neural tube at all stages (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011012 TAO:0007038 VHOG:0001384 XAO:0000307 ZFA:0007038 uberon UBERON:0003080 anterior neural tube Portion of the middle of the three primary germ layers of the embryo that resides on the periphery of the embryo, is continuous with the extra-embryonic mesoderm, splits into two layers enclosing the intra-embryonic coelom, and gives rise to body wall structures[MP]. Portion of mesoderm traditionally thought to give rise to limb bones and parts of the girdles.[AAO] The portion of the mesoderm of the trunk of vertebrate embryos lying lateral to the intermediate mesoderm. [...] [It] subdivides into two plates: one dorsal, called the somatopleure, and one ventral, called the splanchnopleure. [Gastrulation:_From_cells_to_embryo_(2004)_Cold_Spring_Harbor, Glossary_XV, New_York:_Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory_Press, Stern_CD][VHOG] A ventrolateral zone of amphioxus mesoderm grows down to surround the gut. Homology of this zone to the lateral plate mesoderm of vertebrates is supported by site of origin and fate.[well established][VHOG] subclass of mesoderm in ZFA. UBERON:0006258 AAO:0010574 EHDAA2:0000919 EHDAA:379 EMAPA:16179 FMA:293149 TAO:0000121 UMLS:C1517749 VHOG:0000118 XAO:0000311 ZFA:0000121 LPM lateral mesoderm uberon lateral plate lateral plate mesenchyme mesoderma laminae lateralis UBERON:0003081 lateral plate mesoderm A transitional population of migrating mesenchymal cells that derive from somites and that will become muscle cells. The term 'myotome' is also used to describe the muscles served by a single nerve root / spinal segment - consider adding new class, myomere. Portion of the somites giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] In all vertebrates, the skeletal muscle of the body axis is chiefly derived from an early embryonic compartment, known as the myotome.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011067 AEO:0001018 BTO:0000742 EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003431 EHDAA:1721 EHDAA:1727 EHDAA:1733 EHDAA:1739 EMAPA:32841 FMA:295658 TAO:0001056 UMLS:C1513802 VHOG:0001244 XAO:0000315 ZFA:0001056 myomeres uberon muscle plate myomere myotome region myotomes myotomus UBERON:0003082 myotome Bilateral groups of cells consisting of three rows: one row of endocardial precursors medially and two rows of myocardical precursors laterally. The two populations fuse at the midline to form the heart rudiment or cone. should probably be merged with heart rudiment. Bilateral groups of cells consisting of three rows: one row of endocardial precursors medially and two rows of myocardical precursors laterally. The two populations fuse at the midline between 21 and 26 somites to form the heart rudiment or cone. Stainier 2001.[TAO] The fused aspects of ventral mesoderm, which have migrated from either side of the prechordal plate, and fused ventrally, just behind the cement gland. They will give rise to the endocardium at NF stage 27&28.[AAO] relationship loss: develops_from lateral mesoderm (TAO:0001065)[TAO] AAO:0011044 BTO:0001887 TAO:0000028 UMLS:C1514450 XAO:0000336 ZFA:0000028 uberon cardiac field fused heart primordium UBERON:0003084 heart primordium Ventral somitic compartment that is a precursor of the axial skeleton[XAO]. Sclerotomes eventually differentiate into the vertebrae and most of the skull. The caudal (posterior) half of one sclerotome fuses with the rostral (anterior) half of the adjacent one to form each vertebra. From their initial location within the somite, the sclerotome cells migrate medially towards the notochord. These cells meet the sclerotome cells from the other side to form the vertebral body. From this vertebral body, sclerotome cells move dorsally and surround the developing spinal cord, forming the vertebral arch[WP]. Skeletogenic portion of somites.[AAO] The vertebrate sclerotome has no equivalent in amphioxus and is a novelty linked with the evolution of the axial skeleton.[well established][VHOG] part_of somite in XAO AAO:0010571 AEO:0000212 EHDAA2:0003439 EMAPA:31159 FMA:295652 TAO:0001080 UMLS:C0183176 VHOG:0000680 XAO:0000397 ZFA:0001080 sclerotomes uberon sclerotomus UBERON:0003089 sclerotome The initial thyroid precursor, the thyroid primordium, starts as a simple midline thickening and develops to form the thyroid diverticulum. This structure is initially hollow, although it later solidifies and becomes bilobed. The 2 lobes are located on either side of the midline and are connected via an isthmus. Portion of tissue part of the pharyngeal endoderm that is fated to become thyroid follicle[ZFIN:curator]. In all vertebrates the thyroid arises from the ventral aspect of the second pouch Note that we follow EHDAA2 in dividing this into endoderm and mesenchyme. In this ontology we place the broad developmental relationship at this level, and include specific relationships to the pharyngeal endoderm at the level of the endoderm AAO:0011106 BTO:0004709 EHDAA2:0002033 EHDAA:952 EMAPA:16361 TAO:0001081 UMLS:C1519512 XAO:0000444 ZFA:0001081 uberon thyroid primordia UBERON:0003091 thyroid primordium neural crest cells (NCCs) originating in the anterior part of the developing embryo and residing between the mid-diencephalon and the forming hindbrain; cranial NCCs migrate dorsolaterally to form the craniofacial mesenchyme that differentiates into various craniofacial cartilages and bones, cranial neurons, glia, and connective tissues of the face; these cells enter the pharyngeal pouches and arches where they give rise to thymic cells, bones of the middle ear and jaw (mandible), and the odontoblasts of the tooth primordia; like their counterparts in the trunk, cranial NCCs also contribute to the developing peripheral nervous system, along with the pigmented cell (i.e. melanocyte) lineage. Anterior most portion of the neural crest. Migrates in three highly conserved streams: mandibular, hyoid and branchial.[AAO] Neural crest that is part of the head.[TAO] We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010580 EFO:0003645 EHDAA2:0004420 EMAPA:16091 TAO:0001194 VHOG:0000063 XAO:0001001 ZFA:0001194 CNC cephalic neural crest cranial NCC population head NCC population uberon crista neuralis cranialis head crest head neural crest UBERON:0003099 cranial neural crest Gonochoristic organism that can produce female gametes. AAO:0010030 BILA:0000028 CARO:0000028 FBbt:00007011 FMA:67812 HAO:0000028 TAO:0000303 TGMA:0001839 XAO:0003005 ZFA:0000303 female human body uberon female UBERON:0003100 female organism Gonochoristic organism that can produce male gametes. AAO:0010033 BILA:0000027 CARO:0000027 FBbt:00007004 FMA:67811 HAO:0000027 TAO:0000242 TGMA:0001838 WBbt:0007850 XAO:0003006 ZFA:0000242 male human body uberon male UBERON:0003101 male organism Anatomical structure that overlaps the outer epithelial layer and is adjacent to the space surrounding the organism. Organism subdivision which is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface.[ZFA] AAO:0010337 AEO_RETIRED:0000010 EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003010 TAO:0000292 VSAO:0000001 XAO:0003028 ZFA:0000292 galen:SurfaceRegion anatomical surface feature uberon surface feature surface region surface structures UBERON:0003102 surface structure Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types. this class was introduced for consistency with CARO. However, in this ontology we typically classify organs directly under 'organ' rather than subdividing into compound and simple organs AAO:0010015 AEO:0000024 BILA:0000024 CARO:0000024 EHDAA2:0003024 HAO:0000024 TADS:0000598 TAO:0000496 TGMA:0001837 VHOG:0001723 XAO:0003041 ZFA:0000496 uberon organ UBERON:0003103 compound organ Portion of tissue consisting of loosely organized undifferentiated mesodermal cells that give rise to such structures as connective tissues, blood, lymphatics, bone, and cartilage[XAO]. A mesh-like cell arrangement, less compact than an epithelium[ZFA]. The part of the embryonic mesoderm, consisting of loosely packed, unspecialized cells set in a gelatinous ground substance, from which connective tissue, bone, cartilage, and the circulatory and lymphatic systems develop[BTO]. the relationship to mesoderm is weaker than develops_from in order to have classes such as 'head mesenchyme from mesoderm' make sense A mesh-like cell arrangement, less compact than an epithelium. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] Portion of tissue consisting of loosely organized undifferentiated mesodermal cells that give rise to such structures as connective tissues, blood, lymphatics, bone, and cartilage.[AAO] mesenchymal AAO:0010427 AEO:0000145 BTO:0001393 CALOHA:TS-0620 EHDAA2:0003145 EV:0100007 TAO:0000393 UMLS:C0162415 VHOG:0000170 XAO:0003046 ZFA:0000393 mesenchymal tissue mesenchyme tissue portion of mesenchymal tissue portion of mesenchyme tissue uberon mesenchyma UBERON:0003104 mesenchyme Anatomical cluster that is a posterolateral part of the cranium and structurally supports the vestibuloauditory system.[TAO] Anatomical cluster that is a posterolateral part of the neurocranium and structurally supports the vestibuloauditory system.[AAO] relationship loss: overlaps hyomandibular-otic region joint (TAO:0001947)[TAO] UBERONREF:0000007 has this as a syn for otic capsule AAO:0010208 TAO:0000189 XAO:0003175 ZFA:0000189 uberon cranial vault UBERON:0003110 otic region The third branchial arch contributes to the development of the hyoid bone, stylopharyngeus muscle, inferior parathyroid gland, and thymus. The most anterior, or first, pharygeal/branchial arch, composed of the mandibular process, forming the posterior border of the stomodeum, and the maxillary process anterior to the stomodeum, contains the first aortic arch.[AAO] A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG] in XAO, called branchial arch 1 and df VP3 3 AAO:0010365 EHDAA2:0000069 EHDAA:1080 EMAPA:16399 FMA:293029 TAO:0001598 VHOG:0000298 XAO:0000447 ZFA:0001606 3rd pharyngeal arch first gill arch gill arch 1 third pharyngeal arch third visceral arch visceral arch 3 uberon 3rd arch 3rd visceral arch branchial arch 1 first branchial arch UBERON:0003114 pharyngeal arch 3 The 6th pharyngeal arch. contributes to the development of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles The forth in a series of paired bars in the wall of the pharynx, within which are formed the forth aortic arch and the cartilage bar of the visceral skeleton, forms and supports the gills.[AAO] A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG] 6 UBERON:0004349 AAO:0010368 EHDAA2:0004075 EMAPA:32766 FMA:293047 TAO:0001601 VHOG:0001205 XAO:0000453 ZFA:0001609 6th arch gill arch 4 sixth branchial arch visceral arch 6 uberon 6th pharyngeal arch 6th visceral arch branchial arch 4 fourth branchial arch sixth pharyngeal arch sixth visceral arch UBERON:0003117 pharyngeal arch 6 The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches [GO:dph]. An elongated tube which carries air to and from the lungs.[AAO] The respiratory tube between the larynx and the bronchi. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-29, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG] In primitive fishes and most tetrapods, the lungs of adults are usually paired. They lie ventral to the digestive tract and are connected to the outside environment through the trachea.[well established][VHOG] tracheal In birds, the trachea runs from the pharynx to the syrinx, from which the primary bronchi diverge. Swans have an unusually elongated trachea, part of which is coiled beneath the sternum; this may act as a resonator to amplify sound. In some birds, the cartilagenous rings are complete, and may even be ossified. In amphibians, the trachea is normally extremely short, and leads directly into the lungs, without clear primary bronchi. A longer trachea is, however found in some long-necked salamanders, and in caecilians. While there are irregular cartilagenous nodules on the amphibian trachea, these do not form the rings found in amniotes. The only vertebrate to have lungs, but no trachea, is Polypterus, in which the lungs arise directly from the pharynx. in mouse 15-18 C-rings, 15-20 in human. AAO:0010140 BTO:0001388 CALOHA:TS-1060 EFO:0000935 EHDAA2:0002066 EHDAA:3078 EMAPA:16853 EV:0100040 FMA:7394 GAID:361 MA:0000441 MAT:0000137 MESH:D014132 MIAA:0000137 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViOX5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0040578 VHOG:0000371 XAO:0000118 cartilaginous trachea vertebrate trachea windpipe uberon tracheal tubule UBERON:0003126 trachea Upper portion of the skull that excludes the mandible (when present in the organism). cranial the inclusion of the FMA class here is probably not quite correct, as this class includes as parts sutures, whereas this is not part of the bones of the cranium The term cranium can be ambiguous, in that it can refer to the neurocranium, or the neurocranium and the Facial skeleton BTO:0001328 EFO:0000831 EHDAA:6029 EMAPA:17680 FMA:71325 MA:0000316 MAT:0000340 MIAA:0000340 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVlEyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA VHOG:0000334 bones of cranium ossa cranii set of bones of cranium skull minus mandible upper part of skull uberon calvarium epicranial plate skeletal system of head UBERON:0003128 cranium Anatomical structure that is part of the head consisting entirely of cranium and mandible[WP]. in FMA the skull is divided into orbit, neurocranium (8 parts), viscerocranium (26 parts). Here we have a separate overlapping division into cranium and mandible. in many ontologies, the structure called the cranium is inclusive of the mandible/lower jaw skeleton A skull that is missing a mandible is only a cranium; this is the source of a very commonly made error in terminology. Those animals having skulls are called craniates BTO:0001295 CALOHA:TS-2344 EHDAA2:0000325 EMAPA:17680 FMA:46565 GAID:82 MESH:D012886 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjOsZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0037303 WikipediaCategory:Skull galen:Skull uberon cranial skeleton skeletal system of head UBERON:0003129 skull An organ involved in reproduction GO uses genitalia for the singular organ EMAPA:17381 MA:0001752 MESH:D005835 OpenCyc:Mx4rwO39aJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TGMA:0000591 UMLS:C0017420 WBbt:0008422 genital organ reproductive system organ sex organ uberon genitalia UBERON:0003133 reproductive organ A female organ involved in reproduction EMAPA:28540 MA:0000544 female organism reproductive organ female organism reproductive structure female organism reproductive system organ female organism sex organ female reproductive gland/organ female reproductive system organ female sex organ reproductive organ of female organism reproductive structure of female organism reproductive system organ of female organism sex organ of female organism uberon UBERON:0003134 female reproductive organ one of the two embryological structures that give rise to the kidney (the other is the ureteric bud). The metanephric blastema mostly develops into nephrons, but can also form parts of the collecting duct system.[WP]. Metanephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the metanephros[GO] A mass of intermediate mesodermal cells around the distal end of the ureteric bud that gives rise to nephrons in the metanephric kidney. [TFD][VHOG] When the ureteric buds emerge from the nephric duct, they enter the metanephrogenic mesenchyme. The ureteric buds induce this mesenchymal tissue to condense around them and differentiate into the nephrons of the mammalian kidney. As this mesenchyme differentiates, it tells the ureteric bud to branch and grow.[well established][VHOG] EHDAA2:0004062 EHDAA:4041 EHDAA:5021 EHDAA:5915 EMAPA:17208 EMAPA:17375 EMAPA:29990 VHOG:0000540 metanephric blastema metanephric mesoderm metanephrogenic mesenchyme metanephros associated mesenchyme uberon UBERON:0003220 Genes: The positional specification of the metanephrogenic mesenchyme is negatively regulated by Foxc1 and Foxc2. Next the permanent kidney forming metanephrogenic mesenchyme is specified by Hox11 genes. The competence to respond to ureteric bud inducers is regulated by WT1. GDNF secretion restricted to posterior region by Robo2 and Sprouty1. The receptors for GDNF are synthesized in the nephric ducts and later in ureteric buds [ISBN:9780878932504 "Developmental Biology"] metanephric mesenchyme Endochondral bones that are often elongate and arranged in rows of articulating elements, and form the visible part of the digits. phalangeal In primates such as humans and monkeys, the thumb and big toe have two phalanges, while the other fingers and toes consist of three CALOHA:TS-2211 EMAPA:32614 FMA:321661 MA:0000304 OpenCyc:Mx4rvolPZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0222682 VSAO:0000199 galen:Phalanx digit long bone long bone of digit phalange phalanges phalanx bone uberon UBERON:0003221 phalanx we make the germ layer relationship develops_from, as currently the germ layers are declared to be purely embryonic. TODO - check. WP:Amnion - In the human embryo the earliest stages of the formation of the amnion have not been observed; in the youngest embryo which has been studied the amnion was already present as a closed sac, and appears in the inner cell-mass as a cavity. This cavity is roofed in by a single stratum of flattened, ectodermal cells, the amniotic ectoderm, and its floor consists of the prismatic ectoderm of the embryonic disk-the continuity between the roof and floor being established at the margin of the embryonic disk. Outside the amniotic ectoderm is a thin layer of mesoderm, which is continuous with that of the somatopleure and is connected by the body-stalk with the mesodermal lining of the chorion. UBERON:0008359 BTO:0000897 EHDAA2:0000117 EHDAA:138 EMAPA:16110 VHOG:0000621 amnion ectoderm amnionic ectoderm uberon amnion epithelium UBERON:0003254 amniotic ectoderm An endoderm that is part of a foregut [Automatically generated definition]. TODO - check EHDAA2:0004568 EHDAA:524 foregut endoderm uberon UBERON:0003258 endoderm of foregut A mesenchyme that is part of a amnion. we make the germ layer relationship develops_from, as currently the germ layers are declared to be purely embryonic. TODO - check. WP:Amnion - In the human embryo the earliest stages of the formation of the amnion have not been observed; in the youngest embryo which has been studied the amnion was already present as a closed sac, and appears in the inner cell-mass as a cavity. This cavity is roofed in by a single stratum of flattened, ectodermal cells, the amniotic ectoderm, and its floor consists of the prismatic ectoderm of the embryonic disk-the continuity between the roof and floor being established at the margin of the embryonic disk. Outside the amniotic ectoderm is a thin layer of mesoderm, which is continuous with that of the somatopleure and is connected by the body-stalk with the mesodermal lining of the chorion. UBERON:0003411 EHDAA2:0000118 EHDAA:140 EMAPA:16111 EMAPA:16265 VHOG:0000622 amnion mesenchyme amnion mesoderm mesenchyme of amnion uberon amnionic mesenchyme amnionic mesoderm UBERON:0003262 amniotic mesoderm A subdivision of the skeleton that corresponds to the lower part of the mouth. The lower jaw skeleton includes the following elements, when present: lower jaw teeth, the mandible and other lower jaw bones, and Meckel's cartilage. The ventral portion of the first pharyngeal arch, comprising the lower jaw.[TAO] The jaw joint of all jawed vertebrates, except for mammals, involves the quadrate and articular bones, or the posterior ends of the palatoquadrate and mandibular cartilages; A correlate of the conversion of the articular and quadrate bones to the malleus and incus is that all adult mammals have a jaw joint that lies between the dentary of the lower jaw and the squamosal bone of the skull roof.[well established][VHOG] Inclusion of the FMA class 'lower jaw' is debatable - this mostly corresponds to the lower jaw skeleton (with 'maxillary part of mouth' corresponding to the upper jaw region); however, the FMA class also includes gingiva. See also: https://github.com/obophenotype/mouse-anatomy-ontology/issues/102 lower jaw mandible AAO:0000274 EHDAA2:0004606 EHDAA:8005 EMAPA:17906 EMAPA:17910 FMA:54398 MA:0001906 TAO:0001273 VHOG:0000428 XAO:0003084 ZFA:0001273 lower jaw skeleton uberon mandibles mandibular series UBERON:0003278 skeleton of lower jaw A gland that is part of a foregut [Automatically generated definition]. EHDAA2:0000567 EHDAA:950 EMAPA:16557 VHOG:0000650 foregut gland uberon UBERON:0003294 gland of foregut A gland that is part of a integumental system [Automatically generated definition]. EHDAA2:0000837 EHDAA:6522 EMAPA:17758 MA:0000144 VHOG:0000654 integumental gland integumental system gland integumentary gland uberon UBERON:0003297 gland of integumental system Mesenchyme that is part of a developing camera-type eye. TODO - change mesenchyme relationships to precursor_of EHDAA2:0000485 EHDAA:2910 EMAPA:16673 VHOG:0001084 mesenchyme of eye uberon UBERON:0003314 eye mesenchyme A layer of epithelial cells on the surface of the mucosa. BTO:0003752 uberon lamina epithelialis mucosa lamina epithelialis mucosae UBERON:0003350 lies on top of lamina propria epithelium of mucosa An epithelium that is part of a hindgut [Automatically generated definition]. EHDAA2:0000782 EMAPA:16717 MA:0003206 epithelial tissue of hindgut hindgut epithelial tissue hindgut epithelium uberon UBERON:0003353 epithelium of hindgut any of the striated muscles that move the eye and include: superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior oblique, inferior oblique, retractor bulbi Not clear if we need this and intra-ocular muscle. See issue #331. MA includes ciliary and iris smooth muscle EMAPA:18807 MA:0001268 ocular smooth muscle uberon UBERON:0003386 smooth muscle of eye A gland that is part of a digestive tract [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:18815 MA:0003202 digestive tract gland gland of digestive tract gland of lower gastrointestinal tract gut gland lower gastrointestinal tract gland uberon UBERON:0003408 gland of gut Mesenchyme that is part of a pelvic appendage bud. Mesoderm part of pelvic fin bud.[TAO] EHDAA2:0001035 EMAPA:16781 TAO:0001386 ZFA:0001386 leg mesenchyme lower limb bud mesenchyme hindlimb bud mesenchyme mesoderm pelvic fin bud pelvic fin bud mesenchyme uberon UBERON:0003412 pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme A nerve that is located in a thoracic cavity [Automatically generated definition]. consider merging with thoracic nerve. In MA the only subclass is the phrenic nerve, which arises from a cervical nerve MA:0000556 cavity of chest nerve cavity of thorax nerve chest cavity nerve nerve of cavity of chest nerve of cavity of thorax nerve of chest cavity nerve of pectoral cavity nerve of thoracic cavity pectoral cavity nerve uberon UBERON:0003443 thoracic cavity nerve A vein that is part of a thoracic cavity [Automatically generated definition]. MA:0001903 cavity of chest vein cavity of thorax vein chest cavity vein pectoral cavity vein vein of cavity of chest vein of cavity of thorax vein of chest cavity vein of pectoral cavity vein of thoracic cavity uberon UBERON:0003479 thoracic cavity vein A blood vessel that is part of a heart [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:35397 MA:0002483 blood vessel of heart uberon cardiac blood vessel UBERON:0003498 heart blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]. MA:0000583 blood vessel of neck blood vessel of neck (volume) neck (volume) blood vessel uberon UBERON:0003502 neck blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of the arterial system. Includes artery, arteriole and aorta. EMAPA:35144 MA:0000061 uberon UBERON:0003509 only in MA - supertype of artery, arteriole, aorta. arterial blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]. MA:0000511 blood vessel of torso blood vessel of trunk torso blood vessel uberon UBERON:0003513 trunk blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a thoracic cavity [Automatically generated definition]. MA:0000554 blood vessel of cavity of chest blood vessel of cavity of thorax blood vessel of chest cavity blood vessel of pectoral cavity blood vessel of thoracic cavity cavity of chest blood vessel cavity of thorax blood vessel chest cavity blood vessel pectoral cavity blood vessel uberon UBERON:0003519 thoracic cavity blood vessel A gray matter that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:35184 MA:0000810 UMLS:C1707348 brain grey matter brain grey substance gray matter of brain grey matter of brain grey substance of brain uberon UBERON:0003528 brain gray matter A zone of skin that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]. TODO - check free limb vs pelvic complex EMAPA:32620 FMA:23102 MA:0000665 UMLS:C0222268 hind limb skin inferior member skin lower extremity skin lower limb skin skin of hind limb skin of hindlimb skin of inferior member skin of lower extremity skin of lower limb uberon UBERON:0003532 hindlimb skin The regions of the brain that are largely or entirely composed of myelinated nerve cell axons and contain few or no neural cell bodies or dendrites. EMAPA:35187 HBA:9218 MA:0000820 UMLS:C1706995 brain white matter of neuraxis brain white substance white matter of brain white matter of neuraxis of brain white substance of brain uberon UBERON:0003544 brain white matter A portion of connective tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:35968 EMAPA:35977 MA:0001814 apparatus respiratorius connective tissue apparatus respiratorius portion of connective tissue apparatus respiratorius textus connectivus connective tissue of apparatus respiratorius connective tissue of respiratory system portion of connective tissue of apparatus respiratorius portion of connective tissue of respiratory system respiratory system portion of connective tissue respiratory system textus connectivus textus connectivus of apparatus respiratorius textus connectivus of respiratory system uberon UBERON:0003570 respiratory system connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition]. MA:0002409 connective tissue of lower respiratory tract lower respiratory tract portion of connective tissue lower respiratory tract textus connectivus portion of connective tissue of lower respiratory tract textus connectivus of lower respiratory tract uberon UBERON:0003580 lower respiratory tract connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]. MA:0000513 connective tissue of torso connective tissue of trunk portion of connective tissue of torso portion of connective tissue of trunk textus connectivus of torso textus connectivus of trunk torso connective tissue torso portion of connective tissue torso textus connectivus trunk portion of connective tissue trunk textus connectivus uberon UBERON:0003586 trunk connective tissue A long bone that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:35495 MA:0000298 long bone of limb uberon UBERON:0003606 limb long bone Any joint that is part of a (free) limb. EMAPA:36501 FMA:321558 MA:0000691 galen:LimbJoint joint of limb joint of limb skeletal system skeletal limb joint uberon UBERON:0003657 Most limb joints are synovial, but a few such as the tibiofibular joints are syndesmoses limb joint The part of the ventral body cavity that is within the abdomen proper (excluding the pelvic cavity). in FMA this contains the pelvic cavity, but this is inconsistent with the concept of abdominopelvic cavity EFO:0000213 EMAPA:36505 FMA:12266 GAID:17 MA:0003057 MESH:A01.047.025 OpenCyc:Mx4rvZR1TJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0230168 galen:AbdominalCavity cavity of abdominal compartment cavity of compartment of abdomen space of abdominal compartment uberon cavitas abdominis UBERON:0003684 abdominal cavity The tissues that surround the organs that are present within the abdominal cavity. The abdominal wall tissue is composed of layers of fat, parietal peritoneum, fascia, and muscles. FMA:10429 FMA:259054 GAID:26 MESH:A01.047.050 UMLS:C0836916 paries abdominalis wall of abdomen wall of abdomen proper uberon abdominal wall proper layers of the abdominal wall paries abdominalis UBERON:0003697 abdominal wall Passages external to the liver for the conveyance of bile. These include the common bile duct and the common hepatic duct. includes all the cystic duct, all the common bile duct and the extrahapetic part of the hepatic duct FMA:14678 GAID:281 MA:0002659 MESH:D017734 UMLS:C0206187 uberon bile duct extrahepatic part extrahepatic biliary system UBERON:0003703 extrahepatic bile duct Passages within the liver for the conveyance of bile. Includes right and left hepatic ducts even though these may join outside the liver to form the common hepatic duct. includes the hepatic duct of the caudate lobe, and the intra- and inter- lobar bile ducts Duct that collects bile from the bile ductules and connects to the extrahepatic bile duct.[TAO] FMA:15766 GAID:287 MA:0001630 MESH:D001653 TAO:0005169 UMLS:C0005401 ZFA:0005169 bile duct intrahepatic part uberon intrahepatic biliary system UBERON:0003704 intrahepatic bile duct Portion of tissue in the nervous system which consists of neurons and glial cells, and may also contain parts of the vasculature. One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. Cells forming the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system.[AAO] FMA definition includes vasculature AAO:0000325 AEO:0000123 EHDAA2:0003123 FMA:9642 GAID:609 MESH:D009417 OpenCyc:Mx4rVmfYCsQ_QdeM_bFAeS8NRQ UMLS:C0027757 nerve tissue nervous tissue portion of neural tissue uberon UBERON:0003714 neural tissue A branch of the vagus nerve that supplies motor function and sensation to the larynx (voice box). It travels within the endoneurium. It is the nerve of the 6th Branchial Arch. Branch of the vagus nerve that separates from the vagus well postcranially, then continues anteriorly to innervate the larynx[AAO:0010754]. recurrent nerve AAO:0010754 FMA:6246 GAID:804 MESH:D012009 VHOG:0001347 nervus laryngeus recurrens recurrent laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve vagus X nerve recurrent laryngeal branch uberon inferior laryngeal nerve ramus recurrens UBERON:0003716 recurrent laryngeal nerve The intercostal nerves are the anterior divisions (rami anteriores; ventral divisions) of the thoracic spinal nerves from T1 to T11. Each nerve is connected with the adjoining ganglion of the sympathetic trunk by a gray and a white ramus communicans. The intercostal nerves are distributed chiefly to the thoracic pleura and abdominal peritoneum and differ from the anterior divisions of the other spinal nerves in that each pursues an independent course without plexus formation. The first two nerves supply fibers to the upper limb in addition to their thoracic branches; the next four are limited in their distribution to the parietes of the thorax; the lower five supply the parietes of the thorax and abdomen. The 7th intercostal nerve terminates at the xyphoid process, at the lower end of the sternum. The 10th intercostal nerve terminates at the umbilicus. The twelfth thoracic is distributed to the abdominal wall and groin. [WP,unvetted]. EMAPA:18227 FMA:6028 GAID:858 MESH:D007367 UMLS:C1285089 anterior ramus of thoracic nerve anterior ramus of thoracic spinal nerve ramus anterior, nervus thoracicus thoracic anterior ramus ventral ramus of thoracic spinal nerve uberon nervi intercostales UBERON:0003727 intercostal nerve A region of the fetal urogenital sinus epithelium destined to become the prostate[GO]. AR activation releases instructive signals from UGM that acts on UGS epithelium (UGE) to stimulate cell proliferation, form prostate ductal progenitors (prostatic buds), and regulate cell adhesion dynamics to permit prostatic bud outgrowth. There are three phases of prostatic budding: (1) the specification phase, when instructive developmental cues define where buds will form in the UGS, (2) the initiation phase, when prostatic buds begin to form, and (3) the elongation phase, when proliferation, cell adhesion, and cell migration coordinate outgrowth of prostatic buds into UGM. Timing of prostatic bud formation and the quantity and pattern of buds that are formed in the UGS are strictly regulated [3, 4]. The position of prostatic buds as they emerge from the UGS in utero determines the arrangement of prostate ducts in adulthood.[PMID:18977204] EMAPA:36141 prostate ductal progenitor prostatic bud uberon prostate gland bud prostate primordium UBERON:0003820 prostate bud A bone of the metapodial skeleton MA:0000301 metacarpal or metatarsal bone metacarpal/metatarsal metacarpal/metatarsal bone metapodi bone metapodial bone metapodium bone uberon UBERON:0003821 metapodium bone Any muscle organ that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]. MA:0000561 muscle organ of thorax thorax muscle organ uberon upper body muscle UBERON:0003830 thoracic segment muscle Any muscle organ that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:35733 MA:0001828 apparatus respiratorius muscle organ muscle organ of apparatus respiratorius muscle organ of respiratory system respiratory system muscle organ uberon UBERON:0003831 respiratory system muscle A blood vessel that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]. MA:0000558 blood vessel of thorax thorax blood vessel uberon upper body blood vessel UBERON:0003834 thoracic segment blood vessel A portion of connective tissue that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]. MA:0000560 connective tissue of thorax portion of connective tissue of thorax textus connectivus of thorax thorax connective tissue thorax portion of connective tissue thorax textus connectivus uberon upper body connective tissue UBERON:0003837 thoracic segment connective tissue A limb joint that is part of an autopod [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:35160 MA:0002715 autopod joint of limb autopod limb joint distal free limb segment joint of limb distal free limb segment limb joint joint of limb of autopod joint of limb of distal free limb segment limb joint of autopod limb joint of distal free limb segment uberon paw joint UBERON:0003841 autopod joint An anatomical space that surrounded_by a neural tube. (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG] UBERON:0005713 AAO:0011073 EHDAA2:0001269 EHDAA:2889 EHDAA:914 EMAPA:16167 EMAPA:16533 VHOG:0001119 XAO:0000252 cavity of neural tube lumen of neural tube neural tube neural lumen prosencoel uberon central lumen neural lumen neurocoel UBERON:0003842 neural tube lumen A neural crest that has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to a midbrain. We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG] EFO:0003591 EHDAA2:0001101 EHDAA:360 TAO:0000935 VHOG:0000796 ZFA:0000935 mesencephalic neural crest neural crest midbrain uberon UBERON:0003849 mesencephalic neural crest A neural crest that has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to a telencephalon. Cranial neural crest that is part of the telencephalon.[TAO] We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG] EFO:0003574 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001991 TAO:0000812 VHOG:0000799 ZFA:0000812 neural crest telencephalon uberon UBERON:0003850 telencephalon neural crest A neural crest that has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to a hindbrain. Cranial neural crest that is part of the hindbrain.[TAO] We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG] EHDAA2:0001628 EHDAA:362 EMAPA:35747 TAO:0007063 VHOG:0001210 ZFA:0007063 neural crest hindbrain rhombencephalic neural crest uberon rhombomere neural crest UBERON:0003852 rhombencephalon neural crest A neural crest that has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to a spinal cord. We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...)[well established][VHOG] EHDAA:696 EMAPA:16163 EMAPA:16529 EMAPA:16881 VHOG:0001006 neural crest spinal cord uberon spinal neural crest UBERON:0003853 spinal cord neural crest A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a ganglion. uberon UBERON:0003869 presumptive ganglion An anatomical cavity that has the potential to develop into a coelemic cavity lumen. uberon body cavity precursor UBERON:0003886 future coelemic cavity lumen The part of the coelom in the embryo between the somatopleuric and splanchnopleuric mesoderm; the principal body cavities of the trunk (thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic) arise from this embryonic part of the coelom consider merging with coelom. TODO - add spatial relationships to halves of LPM. Note the OG places XAO and ZFA coelem terms here. editor note: TODO check ZFA, which appears to be a structure present in adults (...) I regard it unlikely that coeloms of all bilaterian animals are comparable and evolved very early. Considering all these questions, few convincing characters concerning the evolution of body cavities remain to be named. (...) A segmental coelom appears to have evolved at least two times, in Annelida and in Myomerata (Acrania and Craniota).[well established][VHOG] EHDAA:251 EMAPA:16088 UMLS:C1512940 VHOG:0000316 somatic coelom uberon UBERON:0003887 intraembryonic coelom Initial section of the oviduct through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus Homologous to appendix testis salpinges salpinx CALOHA:TS-0732 EHDAA2:0000504 EMAPA:18984 EMAPA:35660 EV:0100112 FMA:18245 GAID:365 MA:0000385 MESH:D005187 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViVeZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0015560 galen:FallopianTube mammalian oviduct uterine tube (sensu Mammalia) uberon fallopian tubes female paramesonephric duct paramesonephric duct of female tuba uterina UBERON:0003889 fallopian tube paired ducts of the embryo that run down the lateral sides of the urogenital ridge and terminate at the mullerian eminence in the primitive urogenital sinus. In the female, they will develop to form the fallopian tubes, uterus, and the upper portion of the vagina; in the male, they are lost. These ducts are made of tissue of mesodermal origin[WP]. develops either by lengthwise splitting of the archinephric duct (in chondrichthyans and some amphibians) or by a elongated invagination of the coelomic epithelium (other vertebrates) In males, the oviducts regress. The cranial end of the oviduct maintains an opening into the coelom (which primitively may have been the anteriormost coelomic funnels connecting the nephrocoel with the coelom). This opening is the ostium tubae[USM]. Either of the paired embryonic ducts developing into the uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina in the female and becoming largely obliterated in the male. [TFD][VHOG] Transient developmental organ which gives rise to oviducts in female (documented to persist in some male frogs).[AAO] In females, the archinephric (mesonephric) ducts tend to function only within the urinary systems. The muellerian duct arises embryologically next to the archinephric (wolffian) duct. In males, the muellerian duct regresses if it appears at all, but in females, the muellerian ducts become the oviducts of the reproductive system.[well established][VHOG] Sertoli cells secrete anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) inducing the demise of this duct UBERON:0005318 AAO:0010141 EHDAA2:0004048 EMAPA:27665 GAID:1309 MESH:A16.254.570 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001399 UMLS:C0026732 VHOG:0001199 XAO:0000330 Muellerian duct Müllerian duct ductus paramesonephricus paramesonephric duct early paramesonephric duct uberon UBERON:0003890 Mullerian duct A small endodermal thickening in the foregut adjacent to the transverse septum. Invaginates forming the hepatic diverticulum. consider adding further subdivisions of the endoderm, e.g. ventral foregut. Note we place two EFO classes here, it's not clear how they differ AAO:0011058 BTO:0003391 EFO:0002577 EFO:0003428 EHDAA2:0000744 EHDAA:973 EMAPA:16847 TAO:0000124 UMLS:C0734013 UMLS:C1514451 XAO:0003266 ZFA:0000124 embryological hepatic plate primordium of the liver uberon hepatic plate liver bud liver endoderm UBERON:0003894 liver primordium The part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells[GO]. (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011095 BTO:0000929 CALOHA:TS-0685 EHDAA2:0001253 EHDAA:4763 EMAPA:17171 EMAPA:18590 FMA:58628 MA:0000277 TAO:0000046 UMLS:C1518263 VHOG:0000535 XAO:0003216 ZFA:0000046 neural layer of retina neural retina neuroretina stratum nervosum (retina) stratum nervosum retinae uberon neural retinal epithelium UBERON:0003902 retinal neural layer Epithelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues, with tube shape and organization varying from the single-celled excretory organ in Caenorhabditis elegans to the branching trees of the mammalian kidney and insect tracheal system. contrast with a multi-tissue tube, which has as parts both epithelium, connective tissue, possibly muscle layers AEO:0000114 EHDAA2:0003114 FBbt:00007474 epithelial or endothelial tube uberon UBERON:0003914 epithelial tube Any endothelium that has the quality of being cylindrical [Automatically generated definition]. uberon UBERON:0003915 endothelial tube Kidney mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the kidney[GO]. check this mesenchyme of kidney uberon UBERON:0003918 kidney mesenchyme A blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart EMAPA:35932 FMA:86188 MA:0000066 segment of venous tree organ venous tree organ segment uberon UBERON:0003920 Compare to: vein venous blood vessel embryonic structure that develops into pancreatic bud. in EHDAA2 this has dorsal and ventral primordia as parts. the buds are part of the primordium, with the ducts developing from the buds; only parenchyma and ducts have contribution from buds revisit after standardizing terms 'primordium', 'anlagen', 'bud' EFO:0002579 EFO:0003434 EHDAA2:0001382 EHDAA:2163 EMAPA:17066 FMA:79792 TAO:0000254 XAO:0001101 ZFA:0000254 pancreatic primordium uberon pancreatic anlage pancreatic endoderm primordial pancreas UBERON:0003921 pancreas primordium The embryonic pancreas develops from two separate anlagen in the foregut epithelium, one dorsal and two ventral pancreatic buds[PMID]. EFO:0003470 EMAPA:35645 TAO:0001390 UMLS:C1283285 ZFA:0001390 pancreatic bud pancreatic buds uberon pancreas epithelium pancreatic anlage UBERON:0003922 pancreatic epithelial bud pancreatic bud that gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct. The pancreatic bud that gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct.[AAO] In chick, Xenopus laevis, and the teleost fish Medaka, the pancreas develops from three buds that emerge from the gut tube, two from its ventral aspect, and one from its dorsal aspect. In mouse, although there are initially three buds that arise from the gut tube at the point of contact between the endoderm and the vasculature, the pancreas develops from only two of these buds, one dorsal and one ventral. (...) In this study, we use a transgenic zebrafish line (...). We provide evidence for the existence of two distinct pancreatic anlagen - a ventral anterior bud and a dorsal posterior bud - that join to form the definitive pancreas (reference 1); The pancreas develops from the fusion of distinct endoderm-derived dorsal and ventral diverticula. In humans, by day 35 of development, the ventral pancreatic bud begins to migrate backwards and comes into contact and eventually fuses with the dorsal pancreatic bud during the sixth week of development (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011031 EFO:0003465 EHDAA2:0001385 EMAPA:17067 TAO:0001370 VHOG:0001428 XAO:0000467 ZFA:0001370 pancreas dorsal primordium duct bud pancreas primordium dorsal bud primary pancreatic bud uberon dorsal pancreas anlage dorsal pancreatic anlage posterior pancreatic anlage posterior pancreatic bud UBERON:0003923 dorsal pancreatic bud pancreatic bud that gives rise to the major pancreatic duct. In chick, Xenopus laevis, and the teleost fish Medaka, the pancreas develops from three buds that emerge from the gut tube, two from its ventral aspect, and one from its dorsal aspect. In mouse, although there are initially three buds that arise from the gut tube at the point of contact between the endoderm and the vasculature, the pancreas develops from only two of these buds, one dorsal and one ventral. (...) In this study, we use a transgenic zebrafish line (...). We provide evidence for the existence of two distinct pancreatic anlagen - a ventral anterior bud and a dorsal posterior bud - that join to form the definitive pancreas (reference 1); The pancreas develops from the fusion of distinct endoderm-derived dorsal and ventral diverticula. In humans, by day 35 of development, the ventral pancreatic bud begins to migrate backwards and comes into contact and eventually fuses with the dorsal pancreatic bud during the sixth week of development (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] The ventral pancreatic bud becomes the head and uncinate process, and comes from the hepatic diverticulum[WP] the ventral pancreas and liver are derived from a common precursor cell population[PMID:16417468]. TODO - add this relationship. AAO:0011111 EFO:0003464 EHDAA2:0001389 EMAPA:17256 TAO:0001369 VHOG:0001429 XAO:0001103 ZFA:0001369 pancreas primordium ventral bud pancreas ventral primordium duct bud uberon anterior pancreatic anlage anterior pancreatic bud ventral pancreas anlage ventral pancreatic anlage UBERON:0003924 ventral pancreatic bud A duct that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition]. TAO:0005162 ZFA:0005162 duct of digestive system duct of gastrointestinal system gastrointestinal system duct uberon UBERON:0003928 digestive system duct An epithelium that lines the lumen of the digestive tract. Epithelium lining the lumen of the gut.[TAO] BTO:0000956 EHDAA2:0004567 EMAPA:32928 MA:0003201 TAO:0005123 UMLS:C0836205 XAO:0003200 ZFA:0005123 digestive tract epithelial tissue epithelial tissue of digestive tract epithelial tissue of gut epithelium of digestive tract epithelium of gut gastrodermis gut epithelial tissue gut epithelium uberon alimentary tract epithelium UBERON:0003929 digestive tract epithelium Any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and are associated with reproduction. MA:0001751 genitalia gland gland of genitalia gland of reproductive system reproductive gland reproductive system gland uberon UBERON:0003937 sex gland The brain ventricles or their associated choroid plexuses TODO - check relationship between CP and BV. If this is part of then this class should be obsoleted uberon UBERON:0003947 brain ventricle/choroid plexus The internal feminine genital organs, including the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, uterine cervix, and vagina. BTO:0003099 FMA:45654 female internal genitalia internal female genital organ internal genitalia of female reproductive system uberon organa genitalia feminina interna UBERON:0003975 TODO: Relabel. Make distinct organ class. See https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/547 internal female genitalia valvular EHDAA2:0004046 EHDAA:1892 EHDAA:4406 FMA:67611 OpenCyc:Mx4rvqiwE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA galen:Valve anatomical valve uberon UBERON:0003978 valve The funnel-like expansion of the abdominal extremity of the uterine tube[MP] The third part of the uterine tube is the infundibulum. It terminates with the ostium of Fallopian tube, surrounded by fimbriae, one of which is attached to the ovary[Wikipedia:Infundibulum_of_uterine_tube]. infundibulum EMAPA:29897 FMA:18307 infundibulum of oviduct infundibulum of uterine tube infundibulum of fallopian tube uberon infundibulum tubae uterinae UBERON:0003984 uterine tube infundibulum A transitional population of migrating mesenchymal cells that derive from somites and that will become dermal cells. Not to be confused with 'dermatome segment of skin'. AAO:0011028 AEO:0001017 EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003428 EHDAA:1719 EHDAA:1725 EHDAA:1731 EHDAA:1737 EMAPA:32838 FMA:295656 UMLS:C0180383 XAO:0000220 cutis plate dermatomal mesenchyme uberon epimere mesoderm mesenchyma dermatomiale UBERON:0004016 dermatome The single layer of epithelial cells that lines the early neural tube and develops into the nervous system and into the neural crest cells As the cells adjacent to the lumen continue to divide, the migrating cells form a second layer around the original neural tube. This layer becomes progressively thicker as more cells are added to it from the germinal neuroepithelium. This new layer is called the mantle (or intermediate) zone, and the germinal epithelium is now called the ventricular zone (and, later, the ependyma)[NCBIBook:NBK10047] germinal neuroepithelial layer germinal neuroepithelium original neural tube uberon UBERON:0004022 germinal neuroepithelium One of the fine terminal elements of the bile duct system, leaving the portal canal, and pursuing a course at the periphery of a lobule of the liver[BTO]. the excretory ducts of the liver that connect the interlobular ductules to the right or left hepatic duct[MP] In ZFA, Digestive system duct that collects bile from the canaliculus and transports bile through the liver -- (check if the same) // The smallest and the most peripheral branches of the biliary tree consist of a portal part (portal ductule) and an intralobular part (intralobular ductule) BTO:0002840 TAO:0005164 ZFA:0005164 bile ductule biliary ductule ductuli biliferi uberon bile capillary biliary ductule cholangiole terminal cholangiole UBERON:0004058 biliary ductule The layer of undifferentiated, proliferating cells that line the neural tube lumen that is the immediate transformation of the germinal neuroepithelium consider merging with 'ventricular zone'; note that the MA class probably does not belong here, as this is an embryonic structure The layer of undifferentiated, proliferating cells that line the neural tube lumen ependymal layer EMAPA:17152 EMAPA:35362 EMAPA_RETIRED:16783 MA:0003193 neural tube ependymal layer neural tube ventricular germinal zone neural tube ventricular zone neural tube ependymal zone uberon UBERON:0004060 neural tube ventricular layer The layer of glia and differentiating neurons that forms as a second layer around the germinal neuroepithium; as this develops it comes to lie between the ventricular and marginal layers and includes the basal and alar plates. Develops into neurons and glia forming a gray matter layer. EMAPA:17148 EMAPA:35360 neural tube intermediate zone uberon future brain marginal layer UBERON:0004061 neural tube mantle layer The outermost layer of the neural tube that consists of axons from the developing mantle layer and will form the white matter EMAPA:17151 neural tube marginal zone uberon brain marginal zone UBERON:0004062 neural tube marginal layer The region of the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies ventral to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily motor neurons and interneurons. AAO:0010561 EFO:0001904 UMLS:C1511061 basal plate basal plate of neural tube spinal cord basal plate uberon motor part of neural tube ventral part of neural tube UBERON:0004064 neural tube basal plate one of the system of communicating cavities in the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord, that like it are derived from the medullary canal of the embryo, that are lined with an epithelial ependyma, and that contain a serous fluid Organ cavity of the brain which consists of the lateral ventricles, the third and fourth ventricles and the cerebral aqueduct[NIFSTD:birnlex_1356]. FMA draws the distinction between e.g. 'fourth ventricle' and 'cavity of fourth ventricle'. The latter is a cavity, and part of the former, which is a region. The superclass of 'fourth ventricle' is_a 'region of ventricular system of the brain'. We place this class here, although it is not equivalent to ventricles, as it includes ventricle bodies. BTO:0001442 EFO:0001914 EMAPA:32674 EMAPA:32675 FMA:78447 HBA:9418 MA:0000818 MESH:D002552 OpenCyc:Mx4rvmTY65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0007799 brain ventricles cerebral ventricle region of ventricular system of brain uberon UBERON:0004086 brain ventricle Any of the veins that carries deoxygenated blood from a part of the body into the right atrium of the heart. AAO:0010215 BTO:0001438 EMAPA:18415 FMA:321896 GAID:547 MA:0000068 MESH:D014684 OpenCyc:Mx4rkJQ4U6gEEdudWQACs5b6Bw UMLS:C0042460 uberon caval vein venae cavae UBERON:0004087 vena cava The subdivision of the face that includes the eye (eyeball plus adnexa such as eyelids) and the orbit of the skull and associated parts of the face such as the eyebrows, if present note the FMA class is more narrow though, and is more like eye + muscles + vasculature. The FMA also has FMA:72951 orbital part of eye in HP covers eyelid, eyebrow. FMA:260119 content of orbital part of eye eye region orbital part of face uberon ocular and peri-ocular region ocular region orbital content orbital part of eye UBERON:0004088 orbital region The middle of the face including the nose and its associated bony structures[MW]. this class is currently a union of the snout (e.g. in mouse), the midface and the lower face. Note that in MA, snout includes the whole jaw and should thus be more alike the lower face than the midface, so its placement here is not strictly accurate. In future we might introduce specific classes for each of these, and include the full parthood relationships. if this is done, then care should be taken to preserve inferences such as an abnormality of the lower face being an abnormality of the midface. midfacial EMAPA:32806 FMA:285406 MA:0001910 uberon lower face midface/lower face snout UBERON:0004089 midface 2 2 Any tube, opening or passage that connects two distinct anatomical spaces. FMA has both conduit and conduit space. In EHDAA2 this is a surface feature AEO:0000080 EHDAA2:0003080 FMA:242873 foramen foramina uberon opening ostia ostium UBERON:0004111 anatomical conduit An internal pocketing of pharyngeal endoderm that contacts a region of ectoderm (a pharyngeal cleft) and interdigitates in the anterior and posterior directions with the pharyngeal arches. Outpocketings of pharyngeal endoderm that interdigitate with the neural crest derived pharyngeal arches. The pouches later fuse with the surface ectoderm to form the gill slits. Crump et al, 2004.[TAO] A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG] EMAPA also includes a distinct pouch endoderm AAO:0011113 EFO:0003627 EHDAA:1086 EHDAA:1669 EHDAA:579 EHDAA:617 EMAPA:32752 FMA:293063 TAO:0001106 UMLS:C0231067 VHOG:0001203 XAO:0000282 ZFA:0001106 branchial pouch visceral pouch uberon pharyngeal pouches visceral pouches UBERON:0004117 The pouches are polarized structures. For example, whereas the rostral half of each pouch expresses Bmp-7, the caudal half expresses FGF-8 and the dorsal aspect of each pouch is marked via its expression of Pax-1. each pouch has an individual sense of identity. Shh expression is a prominent early feature of the caudal endoderm of the second arch, and individual pouches mark the anterior limits of expression of Hox genes within the pharyngeal endoderm; Hox-a2 has a rostral boundary at the second pouch, Hox-a3 at the third pouch and Hox-a4 at the most caudal pouch[PMID:16313389] pharyngeal pouch An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the endoderm. Grouping term for query purposes uberon UBERON:0004119 endoderm-derived structure An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the mesoderm. Grouping term for query purposes uberon UBERON:0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the ectoderm. Grouping term for query purposes uberon UBERON:0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with the production and excretion of urine and those concerned with reproduction. Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with the production and excretion of urine and those concerned with reproduction.[AAO] relationship type change: differentiates_from intermediate mesoderm (AAO:0010575) CHANGED TO: develops_from intermediate mesoderm (UBERON:0003064)[AAO] Kidneys and gonads (of vertebrates) develop from adjacent tissues, and after the excretory or urinary ducts have developed, the reproductive system usually taps into them or their derivatives.[well established][VHOG] genitourinary urogenital AAO:0000624 BILA:0000122 BTO:0003091 EFO:0003864 EHDAA:1013 EMAPA:16367 EV:0100094 FMA:280610 GAID:362 MESH:D014566 OpenCyc:Mx4rQRpVMgAKEdyHxgDggVfs8g UMLS:C0042066 VHOG:0000286 XAO:0000140 galen:GenitoUrinarySystem urogenital system uberon GU tract UG tract Urogenitalsystem genito-urinary system genitourinary tract urogenital tract UBERON:0004122 genitourinary system The optic vesicle is the evagination of neurectoderm that precedes formation of the optic cup[GO]. Portion of tissue that is comprised of neuroepitheium which has pinched off from the anterior neural keel and will form the optic cup[ZFA]. (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011039 EHDAA2:0001320 EMAPA:16540 FMA:293357 TAO:0000050 UMLS:C0231106 VHOG:0000165 XAO:0000228 ZFA:0000050 uberon evagination eye vesicle ocular vesicle optic vesicles UBERON:0004128 Genes: Six3, Pax6, Rx1 are expressed together in the tip of the neural plate [ISBN:9780878932504 "Developmental Biology"]. Development notes: During subsequent develop- ment, the optic vesicle invaginates and becomes a two-layered structure with an inner neural retina and outer retinal pigment epithelium. As soon as the developing optic vesicle makes contact with the overlying ectoderm, it induces the ectoderm to thicken and form the lens placode [PMID:16496288] optic vesicle The first recognizable structure derived from the heart field TODO - check plate vs rudiment vs primordium vs endocardial tube. See XAO (In vertebrates) The embryonic mesoderm is the source of both the cardiogenic plate, giving rise to the future myocardium as well as the endocardium that will line the system on the inner side.[well established][VHOG] EHDAA2:0000215 EMAPA:16106 VHOG:0000975 myocardial plate uberon cardiac crescent cardiogenic crescent heart rudiment UBERON:0004139 cardiogenic plate A specific region of the lateral mesoderm that will form the primary beating heart tube. In mammals the primary heart field gives rise to the left ventricle. this term denotes the primary heart field; GO:0003128 denotes the superclass of primary and secondary: specific region of the lateral mesoderm into the area which will form the primary beating heart tube[GO:0003138] XAO:0004185 first heart field primary heart field uberon FHF PHF heart field UBERON:0004140 primary heart field An epithelial tube that will give rise to the mature heart. the paired, longitudinal, endothelial-lined channels formed from the cardiogenic mesoderm in embryonic development; angiogenic cell clusters (aka angioblastic cords) located in a horse-shoe shape configuration in the cardiogenic plate coalesce to form the right and left endocardial heart tubes which then fuse in cephalo-caudal direction to form a single primitive heart tube. AAO:0010411 EFO:0003526 EMAPA:32685 TAO:0000360 XAO:0000337 ZFA:0000360 embryonic heart tube endocardial heart tube endocardial tube uberon UBERON:0004141 heart tube The outflow tract is the portion of the heart through which blood flows into the arteries Depending on the species, attached at the cardiac outflow are described the conus arteriosus, the truncus arteriosus and, or the bulbus arteriosus. At the distal limit of these outflow structures, but lying outside the pericardial cavity, is the ventral aorta[PMID:20735616] EHDAA2:0001351 EHDAA:464 EHDAA:798 EMAPA:16229 EMAPA:16346 MA:0000100 VHOG:0000670 XAO:0004139 cardiac outflow tract heart outflow tract uberon arterial (outflow) pole UBERON:0004145 outflow tract A cardiac chamber surrounds an enclosed cavity within the heart FMA:7095 OpenCyc:Mx4rmexpjPdAEduAAAAOpmP6tw chamber of heart heart chamber uberon UBERON:0004151 generic enough to cover FBbt:00003156 heart chamber but this is a cavity. GO defines it as the cavity. TODO - move subclasses. Note this also includes sinus venosus cardiac chamber A thick plate of mesodermal tissue that occupies the space between the thoracic cavity and yolk stalk in the early embryo, forming a transverse partition partially separating the coelomic cavity into thoracic and abdominal portions. It gives rise to the central tendon of the diaphragm[VHOG]. A thick plate of mesodermal tissue that occupies the space between the thoracic cavity and yolk stalk in the early embryo, forming a transverse partition partially separating the coelomic cavity into thoracic and abdominal portions. It gives rise to the central tendon of the diaphragm. [TFD][VHOG] In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart (of other tetrapods) is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes) Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG] The cranial part of the septum transversum gives rise to the central tendon of the diaphragm and is the origin of the myoblasts that invade the pleuroperitoneal folds resulting in the formation of the muscular diaphragm. The caudal part of the septum transversum is invaded by the hepatic diverticulum which divides within it to form the liver and thus gives rise to the ventral mesentery of the foregut. in EHDAA2 this is divided into mesenchymal portion and hepatic diverticulum EHDAA2:0001829 EHDAA:736 EMAPA:16318 FMA:295593 UMLS:C0231004 VHOG:0000019 transverse septum uberon UBERON:0004161 septum transversum The internal genitalia are the internal sex organs such as the uterine tube, the uterus and the vagina in female mammals, and the testis, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct and prostate in male mammals FMA:45652 internal genitalia internal genitals uberon internal reproductive organ internal sex organ UBERON:0004175 TODO: make a subdivision of reproductive system. Relabel. See https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/547 internal genitalia The external genitalia are the outer sex organs, such as the penis or vulva in mammals FMA:45643 external genitalia uberon external reproductive organ external sex organ UBERON:0004176 TODO: make a subdivision of reproductive system. Relabel. See https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/547 external genitalia A portions of the gut that is derived from endoderm. EMAPA:32930 endodermal gut gut endoderm uberon UBERON:0004185 endodermal part of digestive tract The comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron EMAPA:27681 EMAPA:27835 ZFA:0005588 CSB uberon UBERON:0004198 comma-shaped body The S-shaped body is the successor of the comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron TODO EMAPA:27756 EMAPA:27853 ZFA:0005589 SSB stage II nephron uberon UBERON:0004199 S-shaped body Nephrogenic mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the nephron mesenchyme of nephron nephron mesenchyme uberon UBERON:0004208 The detailed events associated with the differentiation of the nephrogenic mesenchyme are somewhat complex. It has been suggested that each terminal branch of the ureteric bud stimulates the associated cap mesenchyme tissue to form a renal vesicle (the most primitive stage of nephron development: a stage I nephron). This then elongates, becomes a comma-shaped and then an S-shaped body (stage II nephron), and makes contact with and fuses with the distal component of the ureteric bud. The latter then forms the collecting duct. One fold of the S-shaped body gives rise to Bowman's capsule (also termed the glomerular capsule). Soon afterwards, endothelial cells invade to make a capillary knot-like outgrowth, the glomerular tuft, which goes on to form the glomerulus. The inner epithelial layer of the Bowman's capsule (also called the visceral epithelium, or podocyte layer because it consists of podocytes) is closely apposed to the endothelial glomerulus. Together, the Bowman's capsule and the glomerulus comprise the definitive renal corpuscle. The rest of the nephron elongates to form components of the proximal tubule, the loop of Henle and the distal tubule. The distal pole of the developing nephron connects to the ureteric bud that induced it at an early stage of nephron/ collecting duct development, before differentiation of the proximal tubule, the loop of Henle and the distal tubule are complete. This connection allows the excretory products produced by the kidney to be removed and subsequently transferred, via the ureter, into the bladder where they are stored until it is appropriate to empty the bladder. [http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron] nephrogenic mesenchyme The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells. note that this class includes both metanephric and mesonephric vesicles - ZFA and EHDAA2 associations are placed with these classes. TODO - make a more specific develops_from relationship - see UBERON:0005107 ! metanephric cap stage I nephron uberon UBERON:0004209 renal vesicle The nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron epithelial tissue of nephron epithelium of nephron nephron epithelial tissue uberon UBERON:0004211 nephron epithelium smooth muscle found within, and composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels. Vascular smooth muscle contracts or relaxes to both change the volume of blood vessels and the local blood pressure, a mechanism that is responsible for the redistribution of the blood within the body to areas where it is needed (i.e. areas with temporarily enhanced oxygen consumption). Thus the main function of vascular smooth muscle tonus is to regulate the caliber of the blood vessels in the body. Excessive vasoconstriction leads to hypertension, while excessive vasodilation as in shock leads to hypotension. UBERON:0010508 BTO:0001431 CALOHA:TS-1107 EMAPA:35177 MA:0000710 MESH:D009131 TAO:0005321 UMLS:C1519956 ZFA:0005321 blood vessel involuntary muscle blood vessel non-striated muscle blood vessel smooth muscle tissue involuntary muscle of blood vessel non-striated muscle of blood vessel smooth muscle of blood vessel smooth muscle tissue of blood vessel vascular smooth muscle vascular smooth muscle tissue uberon UBERON:0004237 blood vessel smooth muscle A muscle that is part of the eye region. AAO:0000156 EMAPA:35335 MA:0000271 OpenCyc:Mx8Ngx4rwKSh9pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvViTvpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvYA8cJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA uberon UBERON:0004277 eye muscle Anatomical cluster that consists of all the skeletal elements (eg., bone, cartilage, and teeth) of the body. Anatomical cluster that consists of all the skeletal elements (eg., bone, cartilage, and teeth) of the body.[VSAO] skeletal AEO:0000168 EHDAA2:0001843 EHDAA:5047 EMAPA:17213 FMA:23875 GAID:177 MA:0003006 MAT:0000032 MESH:D012863 MIAA:0000032 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi1rpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA VSAO:0000026 XAO:0004053 galen:Skeleton set of all bones set of bones of body uberon UBERON:0004288 skeleton https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/The-skeletal-system The bilaminar epithelium formed from the myotome and dermatome. Epithelial sheet on the external surface of the somite that gives rise to trunk, muscle and dermis. Within the dermomyotome there is also a medio-lateral difference. The central region makes dermis, the mesenchymal connective tissue of the back skin. The medial region (closest to neural tube) makes epaxial muscle, and the lateral region (furthest from neural tube) makes hypaxial muscle[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=eurekah&part=A66768]. Epithelial sheet on the external surface of the somite that gives rise to trunk, muscle and dermis.[TAO] Portion of somites that gives rise to dermis and muscles.[AAO] all but the sclerotome of a mesodermal somite; the primordium of skeletal muscle and, perhaps, of the dermis. Thus, representatives of the agnathan vertebrates, chondrichthyans, and sarcopterygians all have a layer of undifferentiated cells external to the embryonic myotome. In the amniotes, this external cell layer is the dermomyotome. The simplest interpretation of the similar position, morphology, and lack of myosin labeling is that a dermomyotome epithelium is a shared, ancestral vertebrate characteristic.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0010572 AEO:0000214 EHDAA2:0003259 EMAPA:31109 FMA:295654 TAO:0001513 UMLS:C1511786 VHOG:0000676 ZFA:0001513 uberon dermamyotome dermomyotomes UBERON:0004290 dermomyotome A cone-like structure that is formed when myocardial progenitor cells of the heart field fuse at the midline. The heart rudiment is the first structure of the heart tube. The migrating myocardial precursors of the heart rudiment form a cone like structure between 19.5hpf and 22hpf, and eventually telescope out into the primitive heart tube at 24hpf. Stainier 2001.[TAO] TAO:0000115 ZFA:0000115 heart cone rudimentary heart uberon UBERON:0004291 heart rudiment Dense connective tissue that separates the atria from the ventricles and provides physical support for the heart. It is not a true skeleton, but it does provide structure and support for the heart, as well as isolating the atria from the ventricles. This allows the AV node and AV bundle to delay the wave of depolarisation such that the atria can contract and assist in ventricular filling before the ventricles themselves depolarise and contract (the AV bundle is the only part of the conduction system that passes from the atria to the ventricles in a normal heart). It also allows the valves (bicuspid, tricuspid, semilunar) to keep open by giving them structural support[WP] EMAPA:36645 FMA:9496 cardiac fibrous skeleton fibrous skeleton of heart heart fibrous skeleton skeleton of heart uberon anulus fibrosus dexter cordis anulus fibrosus sinister cordis trigona fibrosa trigonum fibrosum dextrum cordis trigonum fibrosum sinistrum cordis UBERON:0004292 cardiac skeleton Distal-most phalanx within a digit. In human anatomy, the distal phalanges of the four fingers and toes articulate proximally with the intermediate phalanges at the distal interphalangeal joints (DIP); in the thumb and big toe, with only two phalanges, the distal phalanges articulate proximally with the proximal phalanges. The distal phalanges carry and shape nails and claws and are therefore occasionally referred to as the ungual phalanges. The distal phalanges are cone-shaped in most mammals, including most primates, but relatively wide and flat in humans. AAO:0010676 EMAPA:35287 MA:0002914 phalanx distalis terminal phalanx ungual phalanx uberon phalanx distalis UBERON:0004300 distal phalanx A phalanx located between proximal and distal phalanges. consider using numbering system, and axioms to the effect that there is a single middle phalanx per finger in humans. This should perhaps be renamed 'intermediate phalanx', leaving the term middle phalanx open for the specific intermediate phalanx of a 3-phalanx digit Intermediate phalanges are bones found in the limbs of most vertebrates. In humans, they are the bones of the finger and toe which lie in the middle, between the two wrinkly joints. The thumb and big toe do not have intermediate phalanges. In most other vertebrates, they have a corresponding place in their limbs, whether they be paw, wing, hoof or fin in some groups such as whales, there are multiple intermediate phalanges AAO:0010677 EMAPA:35572 MA:0002915 intermediate phalanx uberon medial phalanx penultimate phalanx phalanx 2 phalanx II UBERON:0004301 middle phalanx Proximal-most phalanx within a digit. Proximal phalanges are bones found in the limbs of most vertebrates. In humans, they are the bones at the base of a toe or finger, the prominent, knobby ends of which are often called the knuckles. In other vertebrates, proximal phalanges have a similar placement in the corresponding limbs, be they paw, wing or fin. In many species, they are the longest and thickest phalanx ('finger' bone) 1 AAO:0010680 EMAPA:35716 MA:0002916 phalanx 1 phalanx I proximal-most phalanx uberon UBERON:0004302 proximal phalanx The primitive streak is a structure that forms during the early stages of avian, reptilian and mammalian embryonic development[WP]. the midline ridge of the embryonic epiblast that later develops into mesoderm and endoderm[MP] (...) the blastopore equivalent of chordates (germ ring in fish, marginal zone/blastopore lip in frog and node/primitive streak in chick and mouse) (...) (reference 1); Indeed, the primitive streak has been considered the homologue of the blastopore since the 1870s (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] VHOG includes a very broad grouping here based on http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9609826 EHDAA2:0001525 EHDAA:185 EMAPA:16072 FMA:293110 UMLS:C0033153 VHOG:0001202 primitive streak - blastopore - germ ring uberon UBERON:0004341 primitive streak outermost layer of cells in the blastodermic vesicle, which will develop into the trophoblast layer and then contact the endometrium and take part in establishing the embryo's means of nutrition distinction between trophectoderm and trophoblast unclear/inconsistent in many sources The outer cellular layer of the mammalian blastocyst. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.750, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG] (...) the trophoblast develops rapidly so that contact may be made with the maternal uterine tissues when conditions are appropriate. We have here an excellent example of an embryonic adaptation, the development of a structure never present in either adult or embryo of 'lower' vertebrates.[well established][VHOG] trophectodermal BTO has this has part of the trophoblast BTO:0001840 EHDAA2:0002091 EHDAA:56 EMAPA:16046 VHOG:0000979 uberon UBERON:0004345 trophectoderm An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a limb. The limb bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP]. Early outgrowth of presumptive limb.[AAO] AAO:0010375 BTO:0001640 EMAPA:35944 FMA:296780 GAID:1307 MESH:A16.254.462 UMLS:C0282505 XAO:0003161 limb buds limbbud uberon gemmae membrorum UBERON:0004347 developmentally_induced_by Fgf10, capable of initiating limb forming interactions between endoderm and mesoderm limb bud The embryonic structure that gives rise to the corneal ectoderm EHDAA:938 EMAPA:16322 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001308 VHOG:0001296 uberon UBERON:0004348 optic eminence multilayered ectodermal region at the distal tip of a limb or fin bud necessary for the proper development of the underlying mesenchyme[MP,modified]. Along with the zone of polarizing activity, it is a crucial organizing region during limb development[WP]. note that media, dorsal fins etc have AERs. Distal ectodermal thickening which forms along the anterior-posterior limb axis. Signaling from this region influences proximal-distal patterning of the limb. Structure is missing in some lineages (salamanders, Eleutherodactylus coqui) however morphologically their indistinct distal ectoderm may still be involved in signaling.[AAO] Proliferative region that is part of the developing fin fold or fin.[TAO] relationship loss: subclass proliferative region (TAO:0000098)[TAO] The AER of tetrapods regresses after specification of skeletal progenitors, the AER of teleosts form an elongating fin fold maintaining mesenchyme in plastic proliferating state; maintaining expression of A-P axis genes; interacting with D-V proteins. Genes: AER induced by Fgf10 in mesenchyme. AER secretes Fgf8, which stimulates mitosis in the mesenchyme causing Fgf10 production - positive feedback loop AAO:0010760 EMAPA:32744 TAO:0002146 UMLS:C1516037 XAO:0004121 ZFA:0001702 apical epidermal ridge uberon AER crista ectodermalis apicalis UBERON:0004356 apical ectodermal ridge An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a limb or paired fin. The limb/fin bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP]. The tetrapod limb is derived from a posterior part of the fin endoskeleton of elasmobranchs and basal bony fish, the so-called metapterygium, a series of endoskeletal elements that is the first to form in the developing paired fins. (...) In addition, there is an independent endoskeletal element called the protopterygium that develops anterior to the metapterygium in many basal fishes (e.g., the bichir and sturgeon). Teleosts have lost the metapterygium whereas the sarcopterygians, on the other hand, have lost the protopterygium. Sarcopterygians thus develop all their endoskeletal structures from the metapterygium and consequently the tetrapod limb skeleton is derived from the metapterygium.[uncertain][VHOG] VHOG:0001258 limb - fin bud paired appendage bud paired limb/fin bud uberon UBERON:0004357 Genes: In limb buds of chick and mouse, Shh expression is activated as soon as there is a morphological bud, whereas in S. canicula fin buds, consistent with reported data in other cartilaginous fishes, Shh is transcribed late in fin development[PMID:17187056] paired limb/fin bud The first of the series of pharyngeal arches that develop into jaw bones or their homologs, and their associated nerves and arteries The first of the series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo.[AAO] the first arch which contributes to development of mastication muscles, maxilla, mandible, incus, malleus, Meckel's cartilage, trigeminal nerve, and maxillary artery A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG] 1 AAO:0010364 CALOHA:TS-2089 EHDAA2:0000006 EHDAA:573 EMAPA:16118 FMA:293019 MFMO:0000095 TAO:0001595 UMLS:C1517197 VHOG:0000296 XAO:0000097 ZFA:0001612 1st pharyngeal arch branchial arch 1 first branchial arch first pharyngeal arch first visceral arch mandibular arch visceral arch 1 uberon 1st arch 1st visceral arch arcus pharyngeus primus UBERON:0004362 pharyngeal arch 1 A transparent homogeneous acellular layer, 6 to 9 um thick, lying between the basal lamina of the outer layer of stratified epithelium and the substantia propria of the cornea; it is considered to be a basement membrane. Acellular anatomical structure that is the zone of collagen fibers adjacent the basement membrane of the corneal epithelium.[TAO] Compared to terrestial animals, the cornea of zebrafish is relatively flat. It consists of nonpigmented, stratified squamous nonkeratinizing epithelial cells, attached to a thick basement membrane that is considered to be analogous to the Bowman's membrane in mammals FMA:58273 MA:0001240 TAO:0002155 UMLS:C0229127 ZFA:0001684 Bowman's anterior elastic lamina Bowman's layer Bowman's membrane anterior elastic lamina anterior limiting lamina anterior limiting lamina of cornea lamina limitans anterior (cornea) lamina limitans anterior corneae uberon Reichert's membrane anterior limiting membrane UBERON:0004370 anterior limiting lamina of cornea A bone that is part of an appendage [Automatically generated definition]. appendage bone bone of appendage bone of free segment of appendicular skeleton uberon UBERON:0004375 bone of free limb or fin The collection of all skeletal elements in an individual limb. Skeletal subdivision that is part of the limb.[VSAO] EHDAA2 considers hip and shoulder joints part of limb skeleton. EHDAA2:0002221 EMAPA:32702 VSAO:0000300 free limb skeleton limb skeleton set of bones of limb uberon UBERON:0004381 skeleton of limb Sum of all sensory systems in an organism. note the distinct between entire sensory system and individual system. this reconciles is_a and part_of distinctions between ssAOs FMA:78499 sense organ system uberon UBERON:0004456 entire sense organ system Any collection of muscles that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]. BTO and FMA do not mean precisely the same thing here. BTO thorax muscle is a pectoral muscle or diaphragm BTO:0000508 FMA:71293 muscle group of thorax muscles of thorax musculi thoracis set of muscles of thorax thoracic musculature uberon UBERON:0004464 musculature of thorax Any collection of muscles that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]. currently defined by location rather than attachment AAO:0011572 EFO:0003531 FMA:50187 muscle group of trunk set of muscles of trunk uberon muscular system of trunk UBERON:0004479 musculature of trunk A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a myocardium [Automatically generated definition]. Note placement of MA class based on parthood relationship EMAPA:32688 FMA:261726 MA:0002441 uberon UBERON:0004493 cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium A projection or outgrowth of tissue from a larger body or organ. should be declared disjoint from organ, but in some ontologies (e.g. ZFA), structures such as neural spines are classified as bones (and hence organs) Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, or tissue.[AAO] Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, tissue, fin, scale, etc.[TAO] Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, tissue, fin, scale, etc.[VSAO] anatomical process process AAO:0010278 FMA:67601 HAO:0000822 TAO:0001834 VSAO:0000180 XAO:0004020 galen:Ridge processus projection flange flanges lamella lamellae lamina laminae organ process papilla process of organ processes projection projections ridge ridges shelf shelves uberon anatomical protrusion protrusion spine UBERON:0004529 anatomical projection Anatomical system that has as its parts the heart and blood vessels. we treat cardiovascular as part of circulatory system, with the latter including other kinds of circulation, including lymph. The vessels of the cardiovascular system are as varied as the diverse organs they supply. However, these variations are based on modifications of a fundamental plan of organization common to vertebrates.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011001 BILA:0000016 BTO:0000088 CALOHA:TS-1297 EFO:0000791 EHDAA2:0000216 EHDAA:394 EMAPA:16104 EMAPA:16370 EV:0100017 FMA:7161 GAID:467 MA:0000010 MAT:0000016 MESH:D002319 MIAA:0000016 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjzG5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000010 UMLS:C0007226 VHOG:0000302 WikipediaCategory:Cardiovascular_system XAO:0000100 XAO:0001010 ZFA:0000010 uberon CV system Herz und Gefaesssystem UBERON:0004535 cardiovascular system A network of blunt ended vessels lacking direct connection to the blood vascular system. These vessels collect and drain fluids and macromolecules from interstitial spaces throughout the animal. They derive from a subpopulation of endothelial cells and have walls that are much thinner than the blood carrying vessels. Lymphatic vessels are usually classified as either superficial or deep. consider merging with parent A network of blunt ended vessels lacking direct connection to the blood vascular system. These vessels collect and drain fluids and macromolecules from interstitial spaces throughout the animal. They derive from a subpopulation of endothelial cells and have walls that are much thinner than the blood carrying vessels. Lymphatic vessels are usually classified as either superficial or deep.[TAO] FMA:63815 TAO:0005105 ZFA:0005105 lymphatic trunks and ducts lymphatic vasculature lymphatic vessel network lymphatic vessels set set of lymphatic vessels trunci et ductus lymphatici uberon lymph vessels UBERON:0004536 lymph vasculature A vascular network consisting of blood vessels. TAO:0001079 ZFA:0001079 blood vascular network set of blood vessels uberon blood system blood vessel system blood vessels UBERON:0004537 blood vasculature The part of the arterial system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart. FMA:45623 systemic arterial circulatory system uberon UBERON:0004571 systemic arterial system The part of the cardiovascular system consisting of all arteries. The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG] BTO:0004690 EHDAA2:0000143 EHDAA:396 EMAPA:16201 EMAPA:16371 MA:0002719 VHOG:0000273 uberon UBERON:0004572 arterial system An artery of the systemic circulation, which is the part of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart, to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart. FMA:66464 systemic arterial subtree uberon UBERON:0004573 systemic artery The part of the venous system that drains the general body tissues[Kardong] In human anatomy, the systemic venous system refers to veins that drain into the right atrium without passing through two vascular beds (i.e. they originate from a set of capillaries and do not pass through a second set of capillaries before reaching the right side of the heart). The term systemic venous system is often used to differentiate veins from veins that drain the pulmonary system (the pulmonary venous system) and veins that drain the digestive tract (the portal venous system). Large veins that are considered part of the systemic venous system are the: Superior vena cava; Inferior vena cava[WP] Subdivision of cardiovascular system which has as its parts the right side of heart, the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava[FMA] The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG] FMA:45626 systemic venous circulatory system uberon UBERON:0004581 systemic venous system The part of the cardiovascular system consisting of all venous vessels. In vertebrates with a double circulation, this can be divided into systemic and pulmonary portions. The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG] BTO:0004692 EHDAA2:0002171 EHDAA:486 EMAPA:16240 MA:0002720 UMLS:C1267406 VHOG:0000277 vein system uberon UBERON:0004582 venous system A structure, usually a circular muscle, that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning. FMA class is not a subtype of muscle FMA:75004 UMLS:C1409894 sphincter uberon circular muscle UBERON:0004590 sphincter muscle The capsule surrounding the inner ear mechanism. developmental relationships need to be checked Skeletal elements surrounding the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. Sensory capsules anterolateral to and confluent with occipital arch.[AAO] The cartilage capsule surrounding the inner ear mechanism; in the embryos of higher vertebrates, it is cartilaginous at first but later becomes bony. [Biology_online][VHOG] relationship loss: part_of occipito-petrosal (AAO:0010831)[AAO] relationship loss: part_of otic and occipital (AAO:0000993)[AAO] Otic capsules develop around the parts of the ear that lie within the chondrocranium. This part of the ear, known as the inner ear, is composed of the semicircular ducts and associated sacs that contain the receptive cells for equilibrium and hearing (reference 1); (...) considerations have led to our rethinking issues related to the origin of several aspects of vertebrate hearing, and to the view that many basic auditory functions evolved very early in vertebrate history, and that the functions observed in more `advanced' vertebrates, such as birds and mammals, are frequently modifications of themes first encountered in fishes, and perhaps even more ancestral animals.[well established][VHOG] in elasmobranchs, it remains cartilaginous in the adult; in the embryos of higher vertebrates, it is cartilaginous at first but later becomes bony (at approximately 23 weeks in humans) otic capsule skeletal element AAO:0010143 VHOG:0000854 otic capsule otic capsule element otic capsule endochondral element uberon auditory capsule otic region periotic periotic capsule UBERON:0004637 otic capsule An endothelium that lines the blood vasculature. Other endothelia may line lymph vessels, the heart BTO:0000766 CALOHA:TS-2155 EMAPA:35176 MA:0000709 TAO:0005257 UMLS:C1706972 ZFA:0005257 uberon UBERON:0004638 blood vessel endothelium the polygonal structure of the liver that consists of hepatocytes radiating outward from a hepatic vein should not be confused with the anatomic lobes of the liver (caudate lobe, quadrate lobe, left lobe, and right lobe), or any of the functional lobe classification systems.[WP] EMAPA:35499 FMA:14471 MA:0002494 UMLS:C0227518 hepatic lobule lobuli hepatici lobulus hepaticus uberon lobules of liver lobuli hepatis UBERON:0004647 liver lobule An endothelium that is part of an arterial system [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:35145 MA:0000703 UMLS:C1706849 uberon UBERON:0004700 arterial system endothelium a transient fetal dilation of the distal (or cranial) heart tube located where the arterial trunk joins the ventral roots of the aortic arches TODO - check relationship to bulbus arteriosus A pear shaped chamber that functions as a capacitor, maintaining continuous blood flow into the gill arches. The bulbus arteriosus has three distinct layers. Hu et al. 2000.[TAO] EHDAA2:0000197 EHDAA:438 EHDAA:768 EMAPA:16216 EMAPA:16333 FMA:70300 UMLS:C1284055 primitive right ventricle endocardium uberon UBERON:0004706 bulbus cordis An appendage that is part of a appendage girdle complex. this class is the union of the classes limb, pectoral fin and pelvic fin. UBERON:0009872 VSAO:0000067 girdle-associated appendage limb or fin limb/fin pectoral or pelvic appendage pelvic/pectoral appendage jointed paired lateral appendage paired appendage uberon UBERON:0004708 paired limb/fin Paired appendage that consists of the posterior appendicular skeleton and associated soft and hard tissues, but excludes the pelvic girdle and its associated soft and hard tissues. UBERON:0009876 posterior appendage VSAO:0000126 hindlimb/pelvic fin pelvic appendage pelvic limb/fin posterior limb/fin posterior paired appendage uberon UBERON:0004709 pelvic appendage The jugular veins are veins that bring deoxygenated blood from the head back to the heart via the superior vena cava. BTO:0001744 CALOHA:TS-0497 EMAPA:18638 GAID:536 MA:0002154 MESH:D007601 UMLS:C0022427 uberon jugular vena jugularis UBERON:0004711 jugular vein The embryo and its adnexa (appendages or adjunct parts) or associated membranes (i.e. the products of conception) The conceptus includes all structures that develop from the zygote, both embryonic and extraembryonic. It includes the embryo as well as the embryonic part of the placenta and its associated membranes - amnion, chorion (gestational sac), and yolk sac[WP]. EHDAA2 places this as a subtype of organism. This leads to the inference that a conceptus is an embryo (if an embryo is defined as an organism at embryo stage), which eliminates the embryonic + extra-embryonic = conceptus AEO:0000194 BTO:0003834 EHDAA2:0000001 EHDAA2:0003235 EMAPA:36040 UMLS:C1516779 embryo plus adnexa uberon UBERON:0004716 conceptus Any segmental subdivision of a nervous system. Includes metameric developmental segments, such as vertebrates neuromeres. revisit this after CARO is revised and/or we have defined metameric segment; note that with the additional of an A/P axis constraint this corresponds to what Richter at al call a neuromere (PMID:21062451) FBbt:00005140 uberon neuromere UBERON:0004732 segmental subdivision of nervous system An organ subunit that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]. FMA:61998 hindbrain segment segment of hindbrain uberon UBERON:0004733 segmental subdivision of hindbrain Organism at the gastrula stage. We explicitly merge the NCITA terms here UBERON:0007012 BILA:0000060 BTO:0001403 FBbt:00005317 FMA:293108 GAID:1302 MESH:A16.254.412 MIAA:0000179 UMLS:C0017199 UMLS:C1284022 gastrula embryo uberon blastocystis trilaminaris tri-laminar disc tri-laminar disk trilaminar blastocyst trilaminar blastoderm trilaminar disc trilaminar disk trilaminar germ UBERON:0004734 gastrula A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is firm, providing the tissue with resilience, and/or mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support.[VSAO] A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is firm, providing the tissue with resilience, and/or mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support.[VSAO] MA:0003047 VSAO:0000015 XAO:0004038 ZFA:0005619 uberon UBERON:0004755 Four classes of mineralized tissues are found in vertebrates: bone, cartilage, dentine, and enamel. We think of cartilage and bone as skeletal tissues and of enamel and dentine as dental tissues, but enamel and dentine arose evolutionarily together with bone as skeletal tissues in the dermal skeleton (exoskeleton) of early vertebrates. Scales and teeth of sharks are examples of dermal skeletal elements that are still composed of the three ancient components-enamel, dentine, and bone. Cartilage, on the other hand, provided the basis for the second vertebrate skeletal system, the endoskeleton (Smith and Hall, 1990; Hall, 1998a,b). some invertebrate skeletal tissues have surprisingly bone-like features. Examples include chondrocytes interconnected by cell processes in cephalopod cartilages (Cole and Hall, 2004a,b), and the calcium phosphate layer in the shells of brachiopods (Rodland et al., 2003). However, neither bone nor mineralized cartilage have been found in invertebrates. Editors notes: TODO - develops_from skeletal tissue The primitive cartilagionous skeletal structure of the fetal skull that grows to envelop the rapidly growing embyonic brain. In humans, the chondrocranium begins forming at 28 days from mesenchymal condensations and is fully formed between week 7 and 9 of fetal development. While the majority of the chondrocranium is succeeded by the bony skull in most higher vertebrates, some components do persist into adulthood.[1] In Cartilagious fishes and Agnathans, the chondrocranium persist throughout life.[2] Embryologically, the chondrocranium represent the basal cranial structure, and lay the base for the formation of the endocranium in higher vertebrates[WP]. in contrast to chondrocranium, this structure is entirely cartiliginous. In Chondricthyes this is the same as the neurocranium. FMA:76621 is an undefined fetal structure, so we assume the correct placement is here. Note that this is distinct from MA:0000317 which is the uberon:neurocranium (the part of the cranium that encloses the brain) AAO:0000094 AAO:0010153 EHDAA:6031 FMA:76621 UMLS:C1516496 XAO:0003059 cartilaginous chondocranium cartiligionous skeletal structure of skull uberon cartilaginous skull chondocranium embryonic chondocranium neurocranium UBERON:0004761 cartilaginous neurocranium Organ consisting of skeletal tissue. Encompasses whole bones, fused bones, cartilaginious elements, teeth, dermal denticles. Organ entity that is typically involved in mechanical support and may have different skeletal tissue compositions at different stages.[VSAO] Organ entity that may have different tissue compositions at different stages and is typically involved in mechanical support.[TAO] AAO:0011129 TAO:0001890 VSAO:0000128 XAO:0004012 ZFA:0005494 galen:SkeletalStructure uberon UBERON:0004765 skeletal element Anatomical system that consists of all the joints of the body. EMAPA:35150 FMA:23878 MA:0003007 VSAO:0000181 joint system set of all joints of body uberon set of all joints set of joints of body UBERON:0004770 articular system A mucosa that is part of a gastrointestinal system. BTO:0000546 BTO:0005568 EMAPA:36591 MA:0001521 digestive tract mucosa gut mucosa gut mucuous membrane mucosa of gut uberon UBERON:0004786 The gut mucosa of amphioxus has insulin-secreting cells. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16417468 gastrointestinal system mucosa Any of the tissue layers that comprise a blood vessel. Examples: tunica media, tunica adventitia. EMAPA:36296 MA:0002854 uberon UBERON:0004797 blood vessel layer the pseudostratified ciliated epithelium that lines much of the conducting portion of the airway, including part of the nasal cavity and larynx, the trachea, and bronchi BTO:0000419 CALOHA:TS-0023 EMAPA:32827 MA:0001480 VHOG:0000981 epithelial tissue of respiratory tract epithelium of respiratory tract respiratory tract epithelial tissue uberon airway epithelium respiratory epithelium UBERON:0004802 respiratory tract epithelium An epithelium that is part of a oviduct [Automatically generated definition]. in FMA, epithelium of uterine tube is a subclass of ciliated columnar epithelium. MA introduces subtypes: ciliated columnar and cuboidal. We map the FMA type according to its relationships, not its label BTO:0002402 CALOHA:TS-1316 EMAPA:29043 MA:0001718 epithelial tissue of oviduct epithelium of fallopian tube epithelium of oviduct epithelium of uterine tube oviduct epithelial tissue uberon columnar epithelium of the Fallopian tube columnar epithelium of the oviduct fallopian tube epithelium UBERON:0004804 oviduct epithelium An epithelium that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. CALOHA:TS-0023 EMAPA:32826 MA:0001823 VHOG:0000981 apparatus respiratorius epithelial tissue apparatus respiratorius epithelium epithelial tissue of apparatus respiratorius epithelial tissue of respiratory system epithelium of apparatus respiratorius epithelium of respiratory system respiratory system epithelial tissue uberon UBERON:0004807 respiratory system epithelium An epithelium that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:32683 MA:0001520 digestive system epithelial tissue digestive system epithelium epithelial tissue of digestive system epithelial tissue of gastrointestinal system epithelium of digestive system epithelium of gastrointestinal system gastrointestinal system epithelial tissue uberon UBERON:0004808 gastrointestinal system epithelium An epithelium that is part of an endometrium [Automatically generated definition]. In rodents and primates, the uterine epithelium (the endometrium) is eroded away so that maternal blood comes into direct contact with the trophoblast surface (called haemochorial) EMAPA:35307 MA:0002731 endometrium epithelial tissue epithelial tissue of endometrium epithelium of endometrium epithelium of tunica mucosa of endometrium uberon uterine epithelium UBERON:0004811 endometrium epithelium An epithelium that is part of a upper respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:35894 MA:0001912 epithelial tissue of upper respiratory tract epithelium of upper respiratory tract upper respiratory tract epithelial tissue uberon UBERON:0004814 upper respiratory tract epithelium the cellular avascular layer of the kidney luminar surfaces BTO:0000059 CALOHA:TS-0505 EMAPA:35457 MA:0002846 epithelial tissue of kidney epithelium of kidney kidney epithelial tissue uberon renal epithelium UBERON:0004819 kidney epithelium An endothelium that is part of the cardiovascular system. consider merging with 'endothelium' Vertebrates and a very few invertebrates such as squids have evolved a secondary epithelium, the endothelium, that lines their blood vessels.[well established][VHOG] BTO:0001853 EMAPA:35201 GAID:519 MA:0000717 MESH:D004730 TAO:0002171 UMLS:C0014261 VHOG:0001217 XAO:0000356 ZFA:0001639 uberon endothelia vascular endothelia UBERON:0004852 cardiovascular system endothelium Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the future body wall - underlies the ectoderm[WP]. check BILA AAO:0011100 BILA:0000047 FMA:295570 XAO:0000271 outer layer of lateral plate mesoderm uberon parietal mesoderm somatic mesoderm UBERON:0004871 somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the circulatory system and future gut wall - overlies endoderm[WP]. We group the BILA class here. Considering adding more general class for metazoa grouping cardiogenic successors visceral mesoderm AAO:0011102 BILA:0000044 FMA:295568 XAO:0000276 inner layer of lateral plate mesoderm uberon splanchnic mesoderm UBERON:0004872 splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm A structure created during embryogenesis when the lateral mesoderm splits into two layers - the outer (or somatic) layer becomes applied to the inner surface of the ectoderm, and with it forms the somatopleure.[WP]. Gives rise to the paired appendages in jawed vertebrates. a persistent somatopleure through the redistribution and expansion of the lateral plate mesoderm is a synapomorphy for gnathostomes and a critical step in generating a novel developmental module with dramatic evolutionary potentia (Tulenko et al. 2012) http://burkelab.research.wesleyan.edu/current-projects/lamprey/ sources differ as to whether this is part-of or develops-from the LPM EHDAA2:0001847 EHDAA:381 EMAPA:16180 FMA:295566 UMLS:C1519423 VHOG:0000557 uberon UBERON:0004874 somatopleure A portion of the urogenital ridge which is the source of much of the urinary system[WP]. FMA:72168 UMLS:C1283944 uberon chorda nephrogenica UBERON:0004875 part_of or develops_from urogenital ridge? nephrogenic cord One of of the pair of folds derived from the cloacal folds which give rise to a portion of the external genitalia; in male embryos they close over the urethral plate and fuse to form the spongy (penile) urethra and ventral aspect of the penis, not including the glans; failure of fusion of the urethral folds leads to hypospadias; in female embryos they fuse only anterior to the anus and form the labia minora[MP]. Less commonly, urogenital fold refers to the fold in the mesonephros which is the precursor of e.g. the suspensory ligament of the ovary. This is the case in older versions of Gray's anatomy[WP] EHDAA2:0004022 EMAPA:30888 FMA:321919 urethral fold urogenital fold uberon urogenital ridge UBERON:0004876 urogenital fold The central region of trunk mesoderm. This tissue forms the notochord Notochord rudiment[ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576]. WP treats this as synonym of axial mesoderm. Induces neural tube. Gilbert: contains an anterior head process and the notochord. AAO:0000478 EFO:0003426 TAO:0000091 ZFA:0000091 axial chorda mesoderm chorda mesoderm dorsal mesoderm presumptive notochord uberon UBERON:0004880 chordamesoderm The mass of tissue made up of mesenchymal cells in the lung. EMAPA:32866 lung-associated mesenchyme mesenchyme of lung pulmonary mesenchyme uberon UBERON:0004883 lung mesenchyme The fetal urogenital sinus (from which the prostate derives) is a simple cylinder of stratified basal epithelium, surrounded by mesenchyme and positioned between the embryonic bladder and pelvic urethra we follow EHDAA2 in dividing the UGS into epithelium and lumen EHDAA2:0004061 EMAPA:31509 EMAPA:31520 UGE epithelium of urogenital sinus uberon UBERON:0004902 urogenital sinus epithelium Anatomical cluster that connects two or more adjacent skeletal elements or hardened body parts. FBbt:00005811 joint uberon UBERON:0004905 articulation The region of the digestive tract extending from the beginning of the intestines to the anus[GO - gut definition]. MA class was moved from here. See https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/509 WP: small intestine, large intestine, anus. Anal canal not part of LGIT according to FMA, but anus is considered part of LGIT according to WP. Duodenum overlaps both U/L gut FMA:49179 UMLS:C0226875 galen:LowerGastrointestinalTract lower GI tract lower gastrointestinal tract uberon UBERON:0004907 lower digestive tract The region of the digestive tract extending from the mouth cavity through pharynx esophagus stomach and duodenum. WP: small intestine, large intestine, anus. Anal canal not part of LGIT according to FMA, but anus is considered part of LGIT according to WP. Duodenum overlaps both U/L. In Galen, entire GI tract excludes esophagus FMA:49177 UMLS:C0226874 galen:UpperGastrointestinalTract upper GI tract upper gastrointestinal tract uberon UBERON:0004908 upper digestive tract EHDAA2:0000171 EMAPA:16561 EMAPA_RETIRED:16565 VHOG:0001351 uberon hepatic diverticulum UBERON:0004912 biliary bud A dilation of the duodenal papilla that is the opening of the juncture of the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct. Ampulla formed by the union of the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct where they enter the intestine.[TAO] CALOHA:TS-2348 FMA:15076 GAID:283 MESH:A03.159.183.079.300.900 TAO:0005167 UMLS:C0042425 ZFA:0005167 galen:AmpullaOfVater Vater's ampulla ampulla biliaropancreatica ampulla of Vater ampulla of bile duct biliaropancreatic ampulla papilla Vateri uberon ampulla Vaterii ampulla hepatopancreatica papilla duodeni major UBERON:0004913 hepatopancreatic ampulla One of the two small elevations on the mucosa of the duodenum, the major at the entrance of the conjoined pancreatic and common bile ducts and the minor at the entrance of the accessory pancreatic duct. EMAPA:18662 FMA:15953 MA:0003107 papilla duodenalis papilla of duodenum uberon papilla duodeni UBERON:0004914 duodenal papilla A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract. intended to denote both embryonic and adult structures. Note the FMA grouping here is not quite correct. FBbt:00100315 FMA:71131 uberon alimentary system subdivision intestinal tract segment of intestinal tract subdivision of alimentary system UBERON:0004921 subdivision of digestive tract A part of a wall of an organ that forms a layer. FMA:82485 uberon UBERON:0004923 organ component layer A mucosa that is part of a pylorus [Automatically generated definition]. BTO:0004110 EMAPA:27199 FMA:17461 mucosa of organ of pyloric part of stomach mucosa of organ of pylorus mucosa of organ of stomach pyloric region mucosa of pyloric part of stomach mucosa of stomach pyloric region mucous membrane of pyloric part of stomach mucous membrane of pylorus mucous membrane of stomach pyloric region organ mucosa of pyloric part of stomach organ mucosa of pylorus organ mucosa of stomach pyloric region pyloric part of stomach mucosa pyloric part of stomach mucosa of organ pyloric part of stomach mucous membrane pyloric part of stomach organ mucosa pylorus mucosa pylorus mucosa of organ pylorus mucous membrane pylorus organ mucosa stomach pyloric region mucosa stomach pyloric region mucosa of organ stomach pyloric region mucous membrane stomach pyloric region organ mucosa uberon antropyloric mucosa UBERON:0004998 mucosa of pylorus The median dorsal longitudinal groove formed in the embryo by the neural plate after the appearance of the neural folds. The neural groove is a shallow median groove between the neural folds of an embryo. The neural folds are two longitudinal ridges that are caused by a folding up of the ectoderm in front of the primitive streak of the developing embryo. The groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into a closed tube, the neural tube or canal, the ectodermal wall of which forms the rudiment of the nervous system. After the coalescence of the neural folds over the anterior end of the primitive streak, the blastopore no longer opens on the surface but into the closed canal of the neural tube, and thus a transitory communication, the neurenteric canal, is established between the neural tube and the primitive digestive tube. The coalescence of the neural folds occurs first in the region of the hind-brain, and from there extends forward and backward; toward the end of the third week the front opening (anterior neuropore) of the tube finally closes at the anterior end of the future brain, and forms a recess which is in contact, for a time, with the overlying ectoderm; the hinder part of the neural groove presents for a time a rhomboidal shape, and to this expanded portion the term sinus rhomboidalis has been applied. Before the neural groove is closed a ridge of ectodermal cells appears along the prominent margin of each neural fold; this is termed the neural crest or ganglion ridge, and from it the spinal and cranial nerve ganglia and the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system are developed. By the upward growth of the mesoderm the neural tube is ultimately separated from the overlying ectoderm. The cephalic end of the neural groove exhibits several dilatations, which, when the tube is closed, assume the form of three vesicles; these constitute the three primary cerebral vesicles, and correspond respectively to the future fore-brain (prosencephalon), mid-brain (mesencephalon), and hind-brain (rhombencephalon). The walls of the vesicles are developed into the nervous tissue and neuroglia of the brain, and their cavities are modified to form its ventricles. The remainder of the tube forms the medulla spinalis or spinal cord; from its ectodermal wall the nervous and neuroglial elements of the medulla spinalis are developed while the cavity persists as the central canal[Wikipedia:Neural_groove]. AAO:0011071 EMAPA:35594 FMA:295624 UMLS:C0814992 XAO:0000248 uberon UBERON:0005061 neural groove One of the two elevated edges of the neural groove[GO,MP]. In front of the primitive streak two longitudinal ridges, caused by a folding up of the ectoderm, make their appearance, one on either side of the middle line. These are named the neural folds; they commence some little distance behind the anterior end of the embryonic disk, where they are continuous with each other, and from there gradually extend backward, one on either side of the anterior end of the primitive streak. Also, after differentiation it turns into the neural tubes[Wikipedia:Neural_fold]. EHDAA2:0001249 EMAPA:16142 EMAPA:16146 EMAPA:16151 EMAPA:16155 EMAPA:16159 EMAPA:16162 EMAPA:16288 EMAPA:16292 EMAPA:16295 EMAPA:16299 EMAPA:16303 EMAPA:16307 EMAPA:16528 FMA:295618 UMLS:C0814993 XAO:0004087 medullary fold uberon UBERON:0005062 neural fold A solid rod of neurectoderm derived from the neural keel. The neural rod is roughly circular in cross section. Neural rod formation occurs during primary neurulation in teleosts[GO]. An intermediate stage in the development of the central nervous system present during the segmentation period; the neural rod is roughly cylindrical in shape, forms from the neural keel, and is not yet hollowed out into the neural tube[ZFIN]. An intermediate stage in the development of the central nervous system present during the segmentation period; the neural rod is roughly cylindrical in shape, forms from the neural keel, and is not yet hollowed out into the neural tube. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] EFO:0003498 TAO:0000133 ZFA:0000133 uberon neural tube rod UBERON:0005068 neural rod The portion of the ureteric bud tube that contributes to the morphogenesis of the metanephros[GO]. uberon UBERON:0005080 metanephric ureteric bud The portion of the ureteric bud that contributes to the morphogenesis of the ureter. The ureter ureteric bud is the initial structure that forms the ureter[GO]. uberon UBERON:0005081 ureter ureteric bud An ectodermal placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that is the primordium of many structures derived from the ectoderm[GO] consder adding placodal ectoderm as a distinct class? Also place placodal ectoderm as develops_from ectoderm; need to check taxon-appropriateness With the exception of the adenohypophysis, homologues of the nonneurogenic placodes (e.g. placodes giving rise to the teeth, hair follicles and lens), appear to be lacking in invertebrate chordates. in GO, covers optic, otic, olfactory, mammary, hair, tooth, sebaceous. AEO:0000218 FMA:293966 uberon epithelial placode UBERON:0005085 ectodermal placode Muscle structures are contractile cells, tissues or organs that are found in multicellular organisms[GO]. in some organisms such as drosophila, muscles can be single cells. This class groups together all discrete muscle elements, from multicellular muscle organs in vertebrates, to individual single-cell muscles in drisophila EMAPA:32715 FBbt:00005073 FMA:30316 musculus uberon muscle muscle element UBERON:0005090 muscle structure . class added for consistency with GO - consider merging with kidney mesenchyme. uberon kidney anlage UBERON:0005095 kidney rudiment An epithelium that is part of a mesonephros [Automatically generated definition]. uberon UBERON:0005103 mesonephric epithelium A bud is a protrusion that forms from an epithelial sheet by localized folding. BTO:0001639 uberon UBERON:0005153 epithelial bud Any anatomical structure that is part of the reproductive system. reproductive system element reproductive system structure uberon UBERON:0005156 reproductive structure An epithelial sheet bent on a linear axis. uberon UBERON:0005157 epithelial fold A structure consisting of multiple cell components but which is not itself a cell and does not have (complete) cells as a part. we go with the FMA classification rather than the CARO one. FMA def: 'Anatomical cluster which has as direct parts cell parts from two or more cells.' AAO:0011000 CARO:0001000 FBbt:00007060 FMA:83115 multi-cell-component structure multi-cell-part structure uberon cell part cluster UBERON:0005162 multi cell part structure Any portion of the ducts that carry bile from the liver to the common bile duct. This may include both intrahapetic components (parts of left and right hepatic ducts) and extrahapetic components (common hepatic duct, plus hilar portion). TODO - MA distinguishes between bile duct, hepatic duct, common bile duct and common hepatic duct. in FMA hepatic duct and common hepatic duct are the same A duct that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine.[TAO] A duct that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine[ZFA]. The excretory duct of the liver or one of its branches in the lobes of the liver. [TFD][VHOG] The hepatic duct is the duct that leads from the liver to the bile duct[GO]. EHDAA2:0000741 EHDAA:3049 EMAPA:16843 FMA:71891 MA:0000357 OpenCyc:Mx4rvWo8WJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA UMLS:C0917710 VHOG:0000219 galen:HepaticDuct uberon UBERON:0005171 hepatic duct An organ or element that is in the abdomen. Examples: spleen, intestine, kidney, abdominal mammary gland. MA:0000522 abdomen organ uberon UBERON:0005172 abdomen element An organ or element that is part of the adbominal segment of the organism. This region can be further subdivided into the abdominal cavity and the pelvic region. MA:0000529 abdominal segment organ uberon UBERON:0005173 abdominal segment element An organ or element that part of the dorsum of the organism. Examples: spinal cord, vertebrae, muscles of back. MA:0001901 back organ dorsal region organ uberon UBERON:0005174 dorsal region element An organ or element that part of the trunk region. The trunk region can be further subdividied into thoracic (including chest and thoracic cavity) and abdominal (including abdomen and pelbis) regions. MA:0000516 trunk organ uberon UBERON:0005177 trunk region element An organ or element that is in the thoracic cavity. Examples: lung, heart, longus colli. MA:0000557 thoracic cavity organ uberon UBERON:0005178 thoracic cavity element An organ or element that is part of the pelvic region. Examples: reproductive organs (in some organisms), urinary bladder, bones of the pelvis. MA:0000543 pelvic element pelvis organ pelvis region organ uberon UBERON:0005179 pelvic region element An organ that part of the thoracic segment region. This region can be further subdividied chest and thoracic cavity regions. MA:0000563 uberon upper body organ UBERON:0005181 thoracic segment organ A valve that is part of a right atrium [Automatically generated definition]. EHDAA2:0000302 EMAPA:17327 MA:0001871 valve of right atrium uberon right atrium valves superior vena cava valve UBERON:0005208 right atrium valve The ventral half of the developing neural tube that is the metencephalon. [Chordate_evolution_and_the_origin_of_craniates:_An_old_brain_in_a_new_head._AnaT_Rec_(New_Anat)_(2000)_261(3):_111-125, See_Butler_AB][VHOG] EHDAA2:0001154 EMAPA:17078 VHOG:0000320 metencephalon basal plate uberon UBERON:0005239 basal plate metencephalon Portion of primordial embryonic connective tissue of the developing head, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to head connective tissue, bone and musculature in conjunction with cranial neural crest cells. Mesoderm that will give rise, along with cranial neural crest cells, to connective tissue, bone and musculature in the head. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO] EFO:0003492 EHDAA2:0000732 EHDAA:179 EMAPA:16098 EMAPA_RETIRED:16269 FMA:76622 TAO:0000113 VHOG:0000332 ZFA:0000113 cephalic mesenchyme uberon cranial mesenchyme desmocranium UBERON:0005253 head mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing trunk. EFO:0003485 EHDAA2:0002092 EHDAA:377 EMAPA:16177 TAO:0000081 VHOG:0000281 ZFA:0000081 uberon trunk and cervical mesenchyme UBERON:0005256 trunk mesenchyme A set of structures containing cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. It is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord[WP]. TODO - resolve space vs structure conflation. We follow FMA in making this and the various ventricles a structure - it follows from this that strutures such as the tela choroidea and choroid plexuses can be part of the ventricles and ventricular system. Note: see also the class 'neuraxis cavity' EFO:0003650 EHDAA2:0004362 EV:0100306 FMA:242675 MBA:73 TAO:0001261 ZFA:0001261 CNS ventricular system ventricular system ventricular system of neuraxis uberon ventricle system ventriculi cerebri UBERON:0005281 ventricular system of central nervous system The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] CALOHA:TS-1295 FMA:242787 VHOG:0000005 brain ventricular system uberon UBERON:0005282 ventricular system of brain A structure found in the walls of the ventricles of the brain, consisting of part of the meninges (pia mater in mammals) plus ependyma[cjm]. Portion of tissue that is part of the primitive meninx which forms a fold, roofing a ventricle of the brain and supporting the choroid plexus[ZFA:0000447]. Vascularized tela choroidea is choroid plexus. Note that the structure in ZFA may be different FMA:242849 TAO:0000447 ZFA:0000447 uberon tela chorioidea UBERON:0005283 tela choroidea The posterior part of the developing vertebrate hindbrain or the corresponding part of the adult brain composed of the medulla oblongata and a portion of the fourth ventricle; as well as the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), vagus nerve (CN X), accessory nerve (CN XI), hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), and a portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII).[BTO,WP]. The posterior of the two brain vesicles formed by specialization of the rhombencephalon in the developing embryo, it comprises the medulla oblongata. [TFD][VHOG] The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] the terms metencephalon and myelencephalon are only meaningful in mammals and birds - Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain. Note that its not clear if this refers to the developing medulla oblongata - MA (adult) has two distinct classes BTO:0000758 CALOHA:TS-0607 CALOHA:TS-2365 DHBA:10662 EHDAA2:0001207 EHDAA:5526 EMAPA:17082 HBA:9512 MA:0000205 VHOG:0000456 uberon myelencephalon (medulla oblongata) UBERON:0005290 myelencephalon A portion of tissue that is part of an embryo. CALOHA:TS-2100 portion of embryonic tissue uberon developing tissue UBERON:0005291 embryonic tissue Portion of tissue that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo. BTO:0003360 CALOHA:TS-2119 EFO:0001406 MAT:0000061 MIAA:0000061 extra-embryonic tissue uberon UBERON:0005292 extraembryonic tissue A layer in the central nervous system that lines system of communicating cavities in the brain and spinal cord. EMAPA:35209 FMA:242770 ventricular layer uberon region of wall of ventricular system of neuraxis UBERON:0005358 ventricle of nervous system An array of photoreceptors and any supporting cells found in an eye. FBbt:00004200 light-sensitive tissue uberon UBERON:0005388 photoreceptor array A transparent structure that is part of a visual sense organ, the function of which is to direct or focus light onto a photoreceptor array. directing or focusing light onto light receptors lens uberon UBERON:0005389 transparent eye structure A sex gland that is part of a female reproductive system. BTO:0000254 MA:0000383 uberon UBERON:0005398 female reproductive gland A sex gland that is part of a male reproductive system. BTO:0000080 EMAPA:19285 MA:0000399 uberon accessory sex gland UBERON:0005399 male reproductive gland The part of the digestive system that excludes the hepatobiliary system. the decision to split digestive and gastrointestinal in this way may be revisited. As it currently stands, this class more closely aligns what MA calls the alimentary system The system that includes the esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, anus, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas[ncithesaurus:Gastrointestinal_System]. All metazoans (with degenerate exceptions) have some sort of digestive cavity with a means of entrance to and exit from it.[well established][VHOG] that many anatomy ontologies consider this synonymous with digestive system. here we follow MA in dividing digestive system into gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary. hepatobiliary includes the liver and biliary tract. species-specific AO classes are categorized according to whether liver is included. For example, XAO includes liver as part of XAO:0000125 alimentary system, so we assume this class is the more generic class. We have one entity that is part of both gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary systems: hepatopancreatic ampulla. BTO:0000058 CALOHA:TS-0407 EHDAA2:0000110 EHDAA:514 EMAPA:16246 EV:0100056 FMA:71132 GAID:294 MA:0000323 MESH:A03.492 UMLS:C0012240 VHOG:0000412 galen:GastrointestinalTract uberon GI tract alimentary system alimentary tract gastro-intestinal system gastrointestinal (GI) tract gastrointestinal system gastrointestinal tract UBERON:0005409 alimentary part of gastrointestinal system A limb bud that develops into a hindlimb. The bilateral thickening of the ectoderm in the region of the first noticeable at NF stage 47, and innervated by NF stage 51. The hind limb buds develop before the forelimb buds.[AAO] AAO:0010382 EHDAA:2358 EMAPA:16779 MIAA:0000256 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003197 XAO:0003066 hind limb bud posterior limb bud uberon leg bud limb bud - hindlimb UBERON:0005418 Genes: Tbx4 specifies hindlimbs. Wnt8c restricts Fgf10 in chick. hindlimb bud A limb bud that develops into a hindlimb or pelvic fin. Fin bud that develops into the pelvic fin.[TAO] Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG] EFO:0003469 TAO:0001384 VHOG:0001260 ZFA:0001384 hindlimb/pelvic fin bud uberon pelvic fin bud pelvic fin buds UBERON:0005420 at this time we have no need to name a more specific 'pelvic fin bud' class, but we may in future pelvic appendage bud AEO:0000125 CALOHA:TS-2122 EHDAA2:0003125 FBbt:00007006 FMA:292313 MIAA:0000019 uberon developing structure developmental structure developmental tissue UBERON:0005423 developing anatomical structure Portion of tissue that is the inner layer of the optic cup and will become the neural retina. (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG] EHDAA2:0001304 EMAPA:16675 TAO:0001071 VHOG:0000490 ZFA:0001071 future neural retina future retinal neural layer inner layer optic cup optic cup inner layer presumptive retinas uberon future NR future neural epithelium future neural layer presumptive retina UBERON:0005425 presumptive neural retina Portion of tissue that gives rise to the lens. A vesicle formed from the lens pit of the embryo, developing into the crystalline lens. [TFD][VHOG] (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The optic cup induces the overlying surface ectoderm first to thicken as a lens placode and then to invaginate and form a lens vesicle that differentiates into the lens.[well established][VHOG] the lens of zebrafish (and other teleosts) forms from delamination of cells from the lens placode; thus, there is no formation of a hollow lens vesicle, in contrast to the situation in mammals and birds (Glass and Dahm, 2004) [PMID:16496288] The lens of the zebrafish forms by delamination of lens placodal cells and not through invagination. This results in a solid spherical mass as opposed to a hollow lens vesicle. Detachment of the solid lens vesicle of zebrafish at 24b26 hpf is accomplished in part by apoptosis, similar to mammals EHDAA2:0000983 EHDAA:4737 EMAPA:17163 TAO:0002205 VHOG:0001163 ZFA:0001679 hollow lens vesicle solid lens vesicle uberon immature lens lens mass presumptive lens UBERON:0005426 lens vesicle Portion of tissue that is part of the eye and gives rise to the mature, fully layered cornea. TAO:0002188 ZFA:0001688 uberon UBERON:0005427 corneal primordium FMA:24219 cervical region neck subdivision region of neck subdivision of neck uberon UBERON:0005434 cervical region A longitudinal groove in the neural tube wall that divides the neural tube into dorsal (alar) and ventral (basal) halves (dorsal receives input from sensory neurons, ventral effects motor functions); stretches from the mesencephalon caudad[TMD]. sulcus limitans BAMS:slim BAMS:slm neural tube lateral wall sulcus limitans uberon UBERON:0005478 sulcus limitans of neural tube A valve leaflet that is part of a tricuspid valve. Leaf of caridac valve which has as its parts the anterior, posterior and septal leaflets that is is attached to the chorda tendinea of the right ventricle and the fibrous ring of tricuspid valve. The mature AV (atrioventricular) valve of the adult zebrafish 2-chambered heart is structurally similar to the mammalian AV valves with stratified ECM (extracellular matrix) and supporting chordae tendineae. Therefore, the major cellular and molecular events of valve development are largely conserved among animals with hearts composed of multiple chambers.[uncertain][VHOG] EMAPA:18630 FMA:7237 MA:0003180 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002082 VHOG:0000821 leaflet of tricuspid valve tricuspid valve leaflet tricuspid valve leaflets tricuspid valvular leaflet uberon UBERON:0005484 tricuspid valve leaflet Portion of tissue on the side of the lumen of the neural tube. EHDAA2:0001257 EHDAA:2873 EHDAA:912 EMAPA:16532 TAO:0001435 VHOG:0000513 ZFA:0001435 lateral wall neural tube uberon UBERON:0005496 neural tube lateral wall In the early gastrula of vertebrates, factors from the organizer (e.g. noggin, chordin, and follistatin in Xenopus) antagonize the epidermalizing factor bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), thus dividing the epiblast into neuroectoderm. In Drosophila, decapentaplegic, the homologue of BMP4, interacts similarly with the protein short gastrulation, the homologue of chordin. Thus, a comparable molecular mechanism for distinguishing non-neural ectoderm from neural ectoderm was probably present in the common ancestor of all bilaterally symmetrical animals.[well established][VHOG] After gastrulation, neural crest cells are specified at the border of the neural plate and the non-neural ectoderm. EFO:0003643 EHDAA:257 EMAPA:16074 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001273 TAO:0001178 VHOG:0001372 XAO:0004091 ZFA:0001178 non neural ectoderm epidermal ectoderm epithelial ectoderm uberon surface ectoderm ventral ectoderm UBERON:0005497 Gene notes: One of the first genes to be expressed in nonneural ectoderm in amphioxus is BMP2/4 (Panopoulou et al. 1998). BMP2/4 homologues appear to have a very ancient role in distinguishing neural from nonneural ectoderm; in Drosophila as well as in amphioxus and vertebrates, BMP2/4 homologues are expressed in nonneural ectoderm and function in distinguishing neural from nonneural ectoderm (Francois & Bier, 1995 ; Sasai et al. 1995 ; Wilson & Hemmati-Brivanlou, 1995; Panopoulou et al. 1998). A change in level of BMP2/4 from very high in nonneural ectoderm to low in neural ectoderm appears to be a key factor in development of neural crest (Baker & Bronner-Fraser,1997a,1997b;Erickson&Reedy,1998;Marchantet al.1998 ;Selleck et al. 1998). Editor note: todo - epidermis? todo - track down EHDAA2 class in new release non-neural ectoderm Multi-tissue structure that arises from the heart rudiment and will become the heart tube. EHDAA2:0001512 EHDAA:424 EHDAA:436 EMAPA:16208 EMAPA:16215 FMA:321916 TAO:0000149 ZFA:0000149 primitive heart tube early primitive heart tube uberon UBERON:0005498 primitive heart tube Portion of tissue that gives rise to the immature gonad. Immature reproductive tissue that has not undergone final maturation into either testis or ovary.[TAO] this is a very broad grouping class EFO:0003651 EHDAA:5927 EMAPA:17204 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002148 TAO:0001262 WBbt:0008366 ZFA:0001262 future gonad gonadal primordium primitive gonad undifferentiated gonad uberon immature gonad UBERON:0005564 gonad primordium Somite located in the head region, caudal to the otic vesicle in humans this includes somites 1-4 They provide the epaxial and hypaxial muscles of the neck, the pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles that develop in the caudal branchial arches and the musculature of the tongue. Despite their localisation in the head, myogenic precursors from occipital somites essentially follow the trunk programmes (E. H. Walters and S. D., unpublished). during evolution, have been secondarily incorporated into the head (Gans and Northcutt, 1983) EHDAA2 has both 'head somite' and 'head somite group', with part_of and develops_from for latter EHDAA2:0003437 EMAPA:16172 XAO:0000313 occipital somite uberon cranial somite UBERON:0005594 head somite A pair of lateral diverticula just over the liver rudiment representing the primordia of the lungs, formed by the floor of the foregut just anterior to the liver diverticulum. UBERON:3010717 AAO:0011059 EFO:0002578 EMAPA:36007 XAO:0001002 uberon lateral diverticula lung diverticulum lung endoderm UBERON:0005597 lung primordium EMAPA:16844 MA:0001636 VHOG:0000215 extrahepatic part of the hepatic duct hepatic duct extrahepatic part uberon UBERON:0005604 extrahepatic part of hepatic duct A study of embryos shows that in all vertebrates six arterial arches link the ventral aorta with a pair of lateral dorsal aortae on each side of the body. The latter unite posteriorly to form a single median dorsal aorta wich takes blood to the body.[well established][VHOG] Contributes to the arch of aorta in humans EHDAA2:0000936 EHDAA:404 EMAPA:16205 MA:0000478 VHOG:0000484 uberon UBERON:0005613 left dorsal aorta A study of embryos shows that in all vertebrates six arterial arches link the ventral aorta with a pair of lateral dorsal aortae on each side of the body. The latter unite posteriorly to form a single median dorsal aorta wich takes blood to the body.[well established][VHOG] Normally regresses in humans EHDAA2:0001720 EHDAA:406 EMAPA:16206 MA:0000479 VHOG:0000485 uberon UBERON:0005622 right dorsal aorta A vascular network formed by frequent anastomoses between the blood vessels (arteries or veins) of a part. In a vascular plexus, the contents of the vessels mix. A plexus allows blood to flow via multiple routes. If one branch of the plexus is obstructed, the blood may flow via the open branches[Wikipedia:Plexus#Circulatory_system]. AEO:0000219 EHDAA2:0004112 EMAPA:35904 FMA:5900 XAO:0004143 plexus vasculosus uberon UBERON:0005629 vascular plexus Intrinsic membrane that arises from embryonic germ layers and grow to surround the developing embryo. stuctures homologous to the four extraembryonic membranes appear in mammals [ISBN10:0073040584 (Vertebrates, Kardong)] EHDAA2 is a mereological sum. EHDAA2:0004714 FMA:305915 uberon UBERON:0005631 extraembryonic membrane https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-extraembryonic-membranes An epithelium that is part of a ear vesicle. EHDAA2:0001344 EMAPA:16671 EMAPA:16996 EMAPA:16999 VHOG:0000986 uberon UBERON:0005641 otocyst epithelium A mesoderm that has the potential to develop into a pronephros. Portion of tissue that consists of the mesenchymal precursor to the pronephric kidney and that begins to separate from the intermediate mesoderm at NF stage 21 and epithelializes by NF stage 30.[AAO] AAO:0011090 EFO:0003479 TAO:0000067 VHOG:0001239 XAO:0000264 ZFA:0000067 uberon pronephric anlage pronephric bulge pronephric mesenchyme pronephric primordium UBERON:0005721 the intermediate mesoderm of the chick embryo acquires its ability to form kidneys through its interactions with the paraxial mesoderm [ISBN:9780878932504 "Developmental Biology", http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10720431 "Signals from trunk paraxial mesoderm induce pronephros formation in chick intermediate mesoderm"]. These interactions induce the expression of TFs including Lim1, Pax2 and Pax6 that cause the intermediate mesoderm to form the kidney pronephric mesoderm A sensory system that is capable of olfacttion (the sensory perception of smell). consider splitting into main and accessory. See also: vomeronasal organ we make the relationship to nervous system 'overlaps', as the olfactory system includes e.g. apertures in the cranium that are not part of the nervous system The olfactory system is the sensory system used for olfaction, or the sense of smell. Most mammals and reptiles have two distinct parts to their olfactory system: a main olfactory system and an accessory olfactory system. The main olfactory system detects volatile, airborne substances, while the accessory olfactory system senses fluid-phase stimuli. Behavioral evidence indicates that most often, the stimuli detected by the accessory olfactory system are pheromones. The olfactory system is often spoken of along with the gustatory system as the chemosensory senses because both transduce chemical signals into perception[WP][Wikipedia:Olfactory_system]. The sensory system used for olfaction (the sense of smell).[AAO] In mammals, the main olfactory system detects odorants that are inhaled through the nose, where they contact the main olfactory epithelium, which contains various olfactory receptors. These olfactory receptors are membrane proteins of bipolar olfactory receptor neurons in the olfactory epithelium. Rather than binding specific ligands like most receptors, olfactory receptors display affinity for a range of odor molecules. Olfactory neurons transduce receptor activation into electrical signals in neurons. The signals travel along the olfactory nerve, which belongs to the peripheral nervous system. This nerve terminates in the olfactory bulb, which belongs to the central nervous system. The complex set of olfactory receptors on different olfactory neurons can distinguish a new odor from the background environmental odors and determine the concentration of the odor[WP]. AAO:0000334 AAO:0000978 BILA:0000144 EFO:0001973 EMAPA:36004 FMA:7190 MA:0002445 OpenCyc:Mx4rvViw75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0001149 UMLS:C0228065 XAO:0003196 ZFA:0001149 uberon UBERON:0005725 olfactory system BILA:0000139 uberon UBERON:0005726 chemosensory system . EHDAA2:0000474 EMAPA:31862 EMAPA:31863 FMA:296719 VHOG:0000616 extra-embryonic mesoderm extraembryonic mesenchyme uberon UBERON:0005728 extraembryonic mesoderm A limb/fin field that has the potential to develop into a pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme. Embryonic region that develops into the pelvic fin bud.[TAO] TAO:0001454 ZFA:0001454 pelvic appendage field of lateral plate mesoderm pelvic fin field uberon UBERON:0005730 pelvic appendage field A limb/fin field that has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to a paired fin bud. fin field of lateral plate mesoderm uberon UBERON:0005731 fin field A ring of cells capable of forming a limb or paired fin[Gilbert,modified]. we represent the field as being a part of the LPM (consistent with ZFA, Gilbert). As a consequence, the relationship between limb bud (with is ectoderm+mesenchyme) stands in a weaker has_developmental_contribution_from relation to the field - TODO implement this. limb/fin field of lateral plate mesoderm paired limb/fin field uberon UBERON:0005732 paired limb/fin field A ring of cells capable of forming a limb. limb field of lateral plate mesoderm uberon UBERON:0005733 the central portion of the limb field gives rise to the limb proper. mesenchyme cells proliferate from from the somatic layer of limb field lateral plate mesoderm (limb skeletal precursors) and from the somites (limb muscle precursors) . these mesenchymal cells accumulate under the ectedermal tissue to make a limb bud. // The lateral plate mesoderm in the limb field is also special in that it will induce myoblasts to migrate out from the somites and enter the limb bud. No other region of the lateral plate mesoderm will do that (Hayashi and Ozawa 1995) limb field The outermost layer of a blood vessel, composed mainly of fibrous tissue. TODO - note terminological problems. WP says tunica external layer of blood vessel. FMA says tunica externa = adventitia, and is FMA adventitia covers other kinds of vessels. Here we opt for a lengthier name that attempts to disambiguate. There is no precise FMA equivalent, as FMA has tunica externa of arteries, veins, genital ducts etc as siblings The outermost layer of a blood vessel, surrounding the tunica media. It is mainly composed of collagen. The collagen serves to anchor the blood vessel to nearby organs, giving it stability[Wikipedia:Tunica_externa_%28vessels%29]. EMAPA:36299 UMLS:C0225342 adventitia externa tunica adventitia tunica adventitia of vessel uberon external coat tunica adventitia vasorum tunica externa vasorum UBERON:0005734 tunica adventitia of blood vessel An outermost connective tissue covering of an organ, vessel, or other structure[WP]. FMA:45635 tunica advetitia tunica externa uberon UBERON:0005742 adventitia The capillary loops of the kidney that normally function as a filtration unit[MP]. ...Soon afterwards, endothelial cells invade to make a capillary knot-like outgrowth, the glomerular tuft, which goes on to form the glomerulus EMAPA:28239 uberon glomerular capillary tuft glomerulus UBERON:0005749 glomerular tuft The metanephros develops from the most caudal part of the nephrogenic cord that is itself derived from the intermediate plate mesoderm. caudal portion of nephrogenic cord caudal region of nephrogenic cord rear part of nephrogenic cord rear portion of nephrogenic cord uberon UBERON:0005753 caudal part of nephrogenic cord The initial renal anlage that develops from the most rostral part of the nephrogenic cord is termed the pronephros. uberon UBERON:0005754 rostral part of nephrogenic cord A acellular anatomical structure that is the bounding layer of a anatomical structure. FMA:63871 uberon UBERON:0005764 acellular membrane An acellular membrane that is part of the epithelium, lies adjacent to the epithelial cells, and is the fusion of the the basal lamina and the reticular lamina. this class represents a continuous sheet of basement membrane which can underlie multiple epithelial cells over large regions. In contrast, the GO class 'basal membrane' represents a portion of substance on the scale of a single cell. AAO:0010596 FMA:63872 GAID:915 UMLS:C0004799 basement membrane of connective tissue membrana basalis uberon basement membrane UBERON:0005769 basement membrane of epithelium Nephric tubules (nephrons) form embryonically along the nephric ridge. The ridge comprises three regions; anterior, middle and posterior. The functional kidney uses nephrons from only one or two regions of the ridge. A pronephric kidney uses only the nephrons from the anterior region of the ridge. A mesonephric kidney uses only the middle region, a metanephric kidney uses only the posterior region and an opisthonephric kidney uses the middle and posterior regions. TODO - check ridge vs cord vs nephrogenic cord vs blastema EHDAA2:0001242 EHDAA:1015 EMAPA:16368 VHOG:0001240 uberon nephric cord UBERON:0005792 nephric ridge FMA:72173 fetal uterus uberon UBERON:0005795 embryonic uterus Any portion of the aorta including the ascending and descending aorta, and aortic arch or a portion of the aortic orifice of the left ventricle. FMA:13087 UMLS:C0506947 aortic section uberon aortic segment portion of aorta segment of aorta UBERON:0005800 section of aorta The dorsal aorta is a blood vessel in a single-pass circulatory system that carries oxygenated blood from the gills to the rest of the body. In a single-pass circulatory system blood passes once through the heart to supply the body once. Each primitive aorta receives anteriorly a vein 'the vitelline vein' from the yolk-sac, and is prolonged backward on the lateral aspect of the notochord under the name of the dorsal aorta. The dorsal aortae give branches to the yolk-sac, and are continued backward through the body-stalk as the umbilical arteries to the villi of the chorion. The two dorsal aortae combine to become the descending aorta in later development[WP]. Principal unpaired, median artery of the trunk, leading from the paired roots (radices) of the dorsal aorta to the caudal artery. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] The artery in vertebrate embryos that transports blood from the aortic arches to the trunk and limbs. In adult fish it is a major artery that carries oxygenated blood from the efferent branchial arteries to branches that supply the body organ. In adult tetrapods it arises from the systemic arch relationship loss: part_of axial vasculature (TAO:0001073)[TAO] When vertebrates first appeared, they must have possessed a ventral and dorsal aorta with aortic arches between them.[well established][VHOG] AAO:0011029 BTO:0004673 EHDAA:402 EMAPA:18606 TAO:0000014 VHOG:0000264 XAO:0000051 ZFA:0000014 DA aorta dorsalis uberon aortae dorsales dorsal aorta root dorsal aortae dorsal aortic root dorsal aortæ UBERON:0005805 dorsal aorta In the circulatory system of animals, a portal venous system occurs when a capillary bed drains into another capillary bed through veins, without first going through the heart. Both capillary beds and the blood vessels that connect them are considered part of the portal venous system. They are relatively uncommon as the majority of capillary beds drain into veins which then drain into the heart, not into another capillary bed. Portal venous systems are considered venous because the blood vessels that join the two capillary beds are either veins or venules. Examples of such systems include the hepatic portal system and the hypophyseal portal system. Unqualified, 'portal venous system' often refers to the hepatic portal system. For this reason, 'portal vein' most commonly refers to the hepatic portal vein[WP]. FMA:45628 MESH:D011168 UMLS:C0226727 portal venous system uberon UBERON:0005806 portal system This is currently used loosely to refer to cervical, lumbar, etc as well as the metamerically repeated segments, which may correspond more closely with the ZFA neuromere term FMA:62420 MA:0003080 axial part of spinal cord axial regional part of spinal cord segment of spinal cord uberon spinal neuromeres UBERON:0005844 spinal cord segment A delimited region of dense mesenchyme within looser mesenchyme. AEO:0000148 EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003148 EHDAA:8979 mesenchyme condensation uberon UBERON:0005856 developing mesenchymal condensation Cell condensation that is an aggregation of mesenchymal cells that are committed to differentiate into chondroblasts and chondrocytes. isa cell condensation in VSAO; has_part chondroblast in AEO AEO:0000147 EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003147 EMAPA:32731 VSAO:0000092 XAO:0004022 cartilage condensation cartilagenous condensation chondrogenic condensation uberon UBERON:0005863 cartilaginous condensation A delimited region of dense mesenchyme within looser mesenchyme whose cells are committed to become chondroblasts. A closely packed aggregation of mesenchymal cells just prior to their differentiation into embryonic cartilage. AEO:0000150 EHDAA2:0003150 EMAPA:32736 pre-chondrogenic condensation precartilage condensation precartilagenous condensation prechondrogenic condensation uberon UBERON:0005866 pre-cartilage condensation the paired ventral prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo; the two prominences unite ventrally and fuse to form the mandible and lower lip check develops_from EHDAA2:0001061 EHDAA:5871 EMAPA:17355 FMA:293051 UMLS:C1512982 uberon mandibular process mandibular swelling prominentia mandibularis UBERON:0005867 mandibular prominence A subdivision of the autopod that corresponds to one or more bones arranged in series branching from the main limb axis. uberon digit or predigit limb outgrowth UBERON:0005881 encompasses digits and prepollex. requires review autopodial extension Organ with organ cavity, which has as parts a serous membrane and a serous cavity . Examples: pleural sac, pericardial sac, tendon sheath, bursa.[FMA] EMAPA:16060 FMA:9689 MA:0000005 uberon UBERON:0005906 See notes for serous membrane serous sac Epithelium that derives from the endoderm. Examples: urothelium, transitional epithelium of ureter, epithelium of prostatic gland.[FMA] FMA:69065 endoderm-derived epithelium endoepithelium uberon UBERON:0005911 endo-epithelium Subdivision of skeleton which consists of cranial skeleton, set of all vertebrae, set of all ribs and sternum[FMA, modified]. Skeletal subdivision of the central body axis including the cranium, vertebrae, notochord, ribs, and sternum.[VSAO] AAO:0000963 EMAPA:17214 EMAPA:18043 MA:0000308 UMLS:C0222645 VSAO:0000056 XAO:0004011 uberon skeleton axiale UBERON:0005944 axial skeleton plus cranial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/docs/The-axial-skeleton An outflow tract that is part of a cardiac atrium. FMA:14141 outflow part of atrium uberon UBERON:0005946 outflow tract of atrium Outflow part of atrium which consists of wall and cavity of the outflow part of right atrium and the tricuspid valve.[FMA] FMA:9550 main part of right atrium outflow tract of right atrium uberon UBERON:0005965 outflow part of right atrium An outflow tract of atrium that is part of a left atrium. FMA:9551 main part of left atrium outflow tract of left atrium uberon UBERON:0005966 outflow part of left atrium A sheet of somatopleure that grows upward over the embryo and eventually meets in the midline enclosing the embryo, eventually giving rise to the amnion and chorion[Kardong]. EMAPA:16076 uberon UBERON:0005971 amniotic fold The laminar structure of the heart uberon UBERON:0005983 heart layer Any of the arteries or veins that supply blood to the heart or return blood from the heart muscles to the circulation TODO - change relation from part_of MESH:D003331 uberon UBERON:0005985 coronary vessel The tendinous strands that connect the papillary muscles on the wall of the ventricles to the leaflets of the atrioventricular valves; the chordae tendineae serve to prevent the AV valves from prolapsing back into the atria FMA:12225 GAID:564 MESH:D002815 UMLS:C0008484 uberon chordae tendinea chordae tendineae cordis UBERON:0005994 chorda tendineae The fibrous ring of the mitral valve that attaches the cusps of mitral valve to the heart, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior and posterior cusps FMA:9498 anulus of mitral valve fibrous ring of mitral valve mitral annulus mitral anulus mitral valvar anulus uberon UBERON:0005995 mitral valve anulus The two fibrous components and associated flaps of the mitral valve uberon UBERON:0005996 mitral valve cusp Anatomical structure embedded in or located in the integument that is part of the integumental system. Examples: hair, follicles, skin glands, claws, nails, feathers. add subclasses based on resolution of CARO tracker item. Also check: adnexal gland. Note that MP implicitly includes hypodermis. the tissue or structures associated with or embedded in the skin such as hair and hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands and claws or nails[MP:0010678] body hair or bristle uberon adnexae cutis skin adnexa skin adnexal structure skin appendage UBERON:0006003 integumentary adnexa A ring of ribrous tissue that surrounds the atrioventricular and arterial orifices TODO - compare with ZFA atrioventricular ring, part of the conduction system BTO:0003628 FMA:9497 anulus fibrosus of heart uberon Lower's ring annulus fibrosus cordis anulus fibrosus cordis aortic annulus atrioventricular ring coronary tendon fibrous ring of heart UBERON:0006008 fibrous ring of heart The part of the heart valves that serves to seal the heart valves when closed. There are three cusps for each valve except for the mitral valve, which has only two (hence its alternate name, 'bicuspid valve'). 'Nodules' are located at the tip of the valve, to form a tighter seal[WP]. FMA:7232 UMLS:C0225923 cardiac valve cusp cardiac valvular cusp cardiac valvule cardial valve cusp semilunar valvule uberon UBERON:0006009 cusp of cardiac valve A collection of two or more connected limb segments. Examples: arm (comprising stylopod and zeugopod regions). uberon UBERON:0006058 multi-limb segment region A threadlike extension of a nerve cell and consists of an axon and myelin sheath (if it is myelinated) in the nervous system. There are nerve fibers in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. A nerve fiber may be myelinated and/or unmyelinated. In the central nervous system (CNS), myelin by oligodendroglia cells is formed. Schwann cells form myelin in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Schwann cells also make a thin covering in an axon without myelin (in the PNS). A peripheral nerve fiber contains an axon, myelin sheath, schwann cells and its endoneurium. There are no endoneurium and schwann cells in the central nervous system. neurofibrous BAMS:nfi FMA:5914 MESH:A08.663.542 nerve fibre neurofibra neurofibrum uberon nerve fibers neurofibra UBERON:0006134 nerve fiber Axons of neurons encased in a lipoproteinaceous material called myelin. (MeSH) consider adding link to UBERON:0002316 ! white matter of neuraxis http://www1.pbrc.hawaii.edu/~danh/MyelinEvolution/evolution.html, http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=6134604, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelin#Invertebrate_myelin FMA:5915 GAID:745 MESH:A08.663.542.512 UMLS:C0027750 uberon UBERON:0006135 myelinated nerve fiber FMA:5916 GAID:767 MESH:A08.663.542.756 UMLS:C0501409 non-myelinated nerve fiber uberon UBERON:0006136 unmyelinated nerve fiber the posterior section of the developing metencephalon recognized transiently within the vertebrate embryo; the rhombic lip extends posteriorly from the roof of the fourth ventricle to dorsal neuroepithelial cell and can be divided into eight structural units based on rhombomeres 1-8 (r1-r8), recognized at early stages of hindbrain development; producing granule cells and five brainstem nuclei, the rhombic lip plays an important role in developing a complex cerebellar neural system The interface between the dorsal neuroepithelium and the roofplate of the fourth ventricle. The source of a number of migratory neuron populations of the hindbrain.[TAO] UBERON:0013163 DHBA:10664 EHDAA2:0000231 EMAPA:17074 TAO:0001440 XAO:0004135 ZFA:0001440 uberon cerebellar anlage cerebellar primordium cerebellum primordium dorsal part of alar plate of metencephalon future cerebellum presumptive cerebellum rostral rhombic lip UBERON:0006215 rhombic lip The membrane that covers the embryonic cloaca, formed by the union of proctodeal (anal pit) ectoderm and cloacal endoderm, with no intervening mesoderm; the urorectal septum joins the cloacal membrane and divides it into an anal membrane and a urogenital membrane; the point where the urorectal septum intersects the cloacal membrane is the future site of the perineal body; proliferation of mesoderm and ectoderm around the cloacal membrane produces primordial tissues of the external genitalia in both sexes: the genital tubercle, genital folds, and genital swellings. A membrane that separates the proctodeum and the hindgut in the early embryo. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.497, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG] In mammals, the cloaca exists as an embryonic structure that undergoes septation to become distinct urethral, anal, and genital orifices.[well established][VHOG] EHDAA2:0000257 EHDAA:214 EHDAA:2933 EMAPA:16832 FMA:295525 UMLS:C0231056 VHOG:0001198 embryonic cloacal membrane uberon membrana cloacalis UBERON:0006217 cloacal membrane An anatomical junctions that overlaps the foregut and midgut. Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[well established][VHOG] EHDAA2:0000569 EHDAA:526 EMAPA:16363 VHOG:0000291 uberon UBERON:0006235 foregut-midgut junction The embryonic precursor of the brain. The embryonic precursor of the brain and the set of mature brain structures that derive from it (CUMBO) BAMS:Enc BTO:0004726 EFO:0003431 EHDAA:300 EHDAA:830 EMAPA:16089 EMAPA:16471 FMA:312967 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000591 TAO:0000146 ZFA:0000146 brain rudiment presumptive brain encephalon uberon embryonic brain UBERON:0006238 future brain A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a forebrain. TODO. Add relationships to neural plate (both ZFA and EMAPA time this with the neural plate) BAMS:Pros EFO:0003423 EHDAA2:0000661 EHDAA:2643 EMAPA:16640 TAO:0000062 ZFA:0000062 future prosencephalon presumptive forebrain presumptive prosencephalon uberon prosencephalon UBERON:0006240 future forebrain EFO:0003438 EHDAA2:0000674 EHDAA:898 EMAPA:16092 EMAPA:16525 EMAPA:16755 TAO:0000417 ZFA:0000417 presumptive spinal cord presumptive spinal cord neural keel presumptive spinal cord neural plate presumptive spinal cord neural rod uberon UBERON:0006241 future spinal cord A sac-like cavity ventral to the liver, lying in the sub-mesodermal space and closed by a thin sheet of ectodermal cells, from which the future gall bladder develops. EHDAA2:0000700 EHDAA:3047 EMAPA:16713 XAO:0004205 uberon UBERON:0006242 gall bladder primordium Primordium of the tongue; the median swelling and the distal and proximal swellings arise from the ventral aspect of the stomodeum. [TFD][VHOG] Most adult amphibians have a tongue, as do all known reptiles, birds and mammals. Thus it is likely that the tongue appeared with the establishment of tetrapods and this structure seems to be related, to some extant, to the terrestrial lifestyle.[well established][VHOG] EHDAA2:0000996 EMAPA:17186 VHOG:0000449 uberon lingual swelling UBERON:0006260 the collection consisting of the two lateral swellings and the medial swelling lingual swellings The notochordal plate is the dorsal part of the notochordal process when the ventral portion breaks down. It is continuous laterally with the endoderm that composes the roof of the primitive foregut and is in contact dorsally with the neural tube. The folding off of the notochordal plate gives rise to the notochord. TODO - check ordering; awaiting confirmation from JB The notochordal plate is the dorsal part of the notochordal process when the ventral portion breaks down. It is continuous laterally with the endoderm that composes the roof of the primitive foregut and is in contact dorsally with the neural tube. The folding off of the notochordal plate gives rise to the notochord. [Carson_JL, Dehart_DB, Developmental_Dynamics_(1994)_201:_260-278, Gesteland_K_and_Schoenwolf_GC, Inagaki_T, Morphogenesis_of_the_murine_node_and_notochordal_plate, The_prechordal_plate, Vrablic_T, see_Mueller_F_and_O'Rahilly_R, the_rostral_end_of_the_notochord_and_nearby_median_features_in_staged_human_embryos._Cells_Tissues_Organs_(2003)_173:_1-20_and_Sulik_K][VHOG] EHDAA2:0001278 EHDAA:264 EMAPA:16101 UMLS:C1518429 VHOG:0001212 uberon UBERON:0006267 notochordal plate A midline cellular cord formed from the migration of mesenchymal cells from the primitive knot EHDAA2:0001279 EHDAA:224 EMAPA:16102 FMA:293135 UMLS:C1518430 VHOG:0001213 uberon chordamesoderm presumptive notochord UBERON:0006268 The notochordal process grows cranially until it reaches the prechordal plate, the future site of the mouth. In this area the ectoderm is attached directly to the endoderm without intervening mesoderm. This area is known as the oropharyngeal membrane, and it will break down to become the mouth. At the other end of the primitive streak the ectoderm is also fused directly to the endoderm; this is known as the cloacal membrane (proctodeum), or primordial anus. notochordal process the pair of depressions of thickened otic placode epithelium, that further develops into the otic vesicles A depression appearing in each otic placode, marking the beginnning of embryonic development of the internal ear. [TFD][VHOG] UBERON:0009123 EHDAA2:0001336 EHDAA:929 EMAPA:16536 FMA:302911 VHOG:0001147 otic cup uberon UBERON:0006273 otic pit Multi-tissue structure that is part of the heart tube and will become the cardiac ventricle. UBERON:0010226 embryonic ventricle EHDAA2:0001531 EMAPA:16233 EMAPA:16350 FMA:71006 TAO:0002231 ZFA:0001719 early heart ventricle embryonic heart ventricle future heart ventricle presumptive cardiac ventricle heart tube primitive ventricle primitive ventricle of heart primordial cardiac ventricle primordial ventricle uberon UBERON:0006283 The embryonic ventricle or primitive ventricle of the developing heart gives rise to the trabeculated parts of the left and right ventricles. In contrast, the smooth parts of the left and right ventricles originate from the embryological bulbus cordis. The primitive ventricle becomes divided by a septum, the septum inferius or ventricular septum, which grows upward from the lower part of the ventricle, its position being indicated on the surface of the heart by a furrow. Its dorsal part increases more rapidly than its ventral portion, and fuses with the dorsal part of the septum intermedium. For a time an interventricular foramen exists above its ventral portion, but this foramen is ultimately closed by the fusion of the aortic septum with the ventricular septum[WP] future cardiac ventricle future brain vesicle that gives rise to telencephalic ventricle/lateral ventricles and 3rd ventricle The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] DHBA:10595 EHDAA2:0001571 EHDAA:1356 EMAPA:16521 TAO:0001259 VHOG:0000644 ZFA:0001259 prosencephalic vesicle preevaginated forebrain vesicle uberon forebrain ventricle forebrain vesicle prosencephalic ventricle UBERON:0006284 early prosencephalic vesicle Liquid components of living organisms. includes fluids that are excreted or secreted from the body as well as body water that normally is not. fluid FMA:280556 GAID:266 MESH:D001826 galen:BodyFluid body fluid uberon UBERON:0006314 bodily fluid A ring of fibrous or fibrocartilaginous tissue (as of an intervertebral disk or surrounding an orifice of the heart). anulus BTO:0003627 EMAPA:32670 FMA:76704 anulus fibrosus fibrocartilaginous ring uberon fibrous ring UBERON:0006444 annulus fibrosus A tube in the kidney that collect and transport urine. in ZFA this is defined as part of mesonephros TAO:0005289 ZFA:0005289 uberon UBERON:0006553 renal duct uberon UBERON:0006554 Obsoleted because this ontology discusses part-wise grouping classes obsolete urinary system structure 1 A tube that is part of a excretory system. uberon UBERON:0006555 excretory tube An organ system subdivision that is a network of vessels capable of removing accumulating protein and fluid from the interstitial space and returning it to the vascular space. In some species, this network is connected to the immune system via lymph nodes and lymphocyte-producing organs, with the whole being the lymphoid system. consider merging with lymph vasculature Part of the circulatory system which consists of a series of vessels which collect blood (exclusive of erythrocytes) which seep through capillary walls and return it to the veins.[AAO] lymporeticular in FMA this is part of the cardiovascular system, but here we treat the CV system as a separate component of the circulatory system from the lymphatic system AAO:0010522 CALOHA:TS-2024 EFO:0000870 EMAPA:18248 FMA:7162 MA:0002961 MESH:D008208 VHOG:0001761 lymphatic system lymphatic tree system uberon lymporeticular system UBERON:0006558 lymphatic part of lymphoid system The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]. currently this is an extremely generic class, encompassing both protostomes and deuterostomes. branchial pharyngeal FBbt:00005380 MAT:0000049 MIAA:0000049 uberon anterior part of foregut pharyngeal tube UBERON:0006562 pharynx Presumptive structure of the blastula that will develop into endoderm. AAO:0000471 EFO:0003437 TAO:0000416 ZFA:0000416 uberon UBERON:0006595 presumptive endoderm AAO:0000468 EFO:0003439 TAO:0000568 ZFA:0000568 future blood uberon UBERON:0006596 presumptive blood Portion of embryonic tissue determined by fate mapping to become a structure. Consider merging with anlage AAO:0000479 TAO:0001116 ZFA:0001116 future structure presumptive structures uberon UBERON:0006598 presumptive structure Presumptive structure of the blastula that will develop into ectoderm. AAO:0000470 EFO:0003466 TAO:0001376 XAO:0004132 ZFA:0001376 uberon presumptive epidermis UBERON:0006601 presumptive ectoderm Presumptive structure of the blastula that will develop into mesoderm. AAO:0000476 EFO:0003467 TAO:0001377 ZFA:0001377 uberon UBERON:0006603 presumptive mesoderm 2 2 A joint that connects one phalanx to another along a proximodistal axis. Hinge joints between the phalanges of the hand or foot[ncithesaurus:Interphalangeal_Joint]. FMA:42765 galen:InterphalangealJoint inter-phalangeal joint inter-phalanx joint uberon UBERON:0006658 interphalangeal joint The third segment of the limb, including either the wrist segment (carpus) or the ankle segment (tarsus) Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group carpus/tarsus mesopodial limb segment mesopodial segment uberon mesopod UBERON:0006716 mesopodium region The collection of all skeletal elements in an autopodium region. Distal section of the limb skeleton, consisting of the anterior autopodium or posterior autopodium.[VSAO] Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group VSAO:0005019 autopod skeleton autopodial skeleton skeletal parts of autopod skeleton of autopod uberon autopodium UBERON:0006717 autopodial skeleton During the third week of embryological development there appears, immediately behind the ventral ends of the two halves of the mandibular arch, a rounded swelling named the tuberculum impar, which was described by His as undergoing enlargement to form the buccal part of the tongue. More recent researches, however, show that this part of the tongue is mainly, if not entirely, developed from a pair of lateral swellings which rise from the inner surface of the mandibular arch and meet in the middle line. The site of their meeting remains post-embryonically as the median sulcus of the tongue. The tuberculum impar is said to form the central part of the tongue immediately in front of the foramen cecum, but Hammar insists that it is purely a transitory structure and forms no part of the adult tongue[WP, Gray's]. Most adult amphibians have a tongue, as do all known reptiles, birds and mammals. Thus it is likely that the tongue appeared with the establishment of tetrapods and this structure seems to be related, to some extant, to the terrestrial lifestyle.[well established][VHOG] EHDAA2:0001081 EMAPA:17187 FMA:312476 VHOG:0000730 median lingual swelling median tongue bud tuberculum impar tuberculum linguale mediale uberon UBERON:0006756 The thyroid initially develops caudal to the tuberculum impar . This embryonic swelling arises from the first pharyngeal arch and occurs midline on the floor of the developing pharynx, eventually helping form the tongue as the 2 lateral lingual swellings overgrow it. [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/845125-overview] median lingual swelling During the third week there appears, immediately behind the ventral ends of the two halves of the mandibular arch, a rounded swelling named the tuberculum impar, which was described by His as undergoing enlargement to form the buccal part of the tongue. More recent researches, however, show that this part of the tongue is mainly, if not entirely, developed from a pair of lateral swellings (or distal tongue bud) which rise from the inner surface of the mandibular arch and meet in the middle line. Most adult amphibians have a tongue, as do all known reptiles, birds and mammals. Thus it is likely that the tongue appeared with the establishment of tetrapods and this structure seems to be related, to some extant, to the terrestrial lifestyle.[well established][VHOG] paired EHDAA2:0000911 EMAPA:17189 FMA:313628 VHOG:0000731 uberon lateral lingual prominence lateral swellings tuberculum laterale tuberculum linguale laterale UBERON:0006757 lateral lingual swelling An epithelium that is composed primarily of secretory cells. consider splitting epithelium from epithelial tissue BTO:0002991 UMLS:C0682578 UMLS:C1708242 uberon UBERON:0006799 glandular epithelium A furrow or an incomplete tube. AEO:0000161 EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003161 uberon groove UBERON:0006846 surface groove This gland can either be a discrete structure located bilaterally above each kidney, or a cluster of cells in the head kidney that perform the functions of the adrenal gland. In either case, this organ consists of two cells types, aminergic chromaffin cells and steroidogenic cortical cells[GO] keep this grouping class so long as it is required for GO All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues, but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG] VHOG:0001141 adrenal gland - interrenal gland adrenal gland/interrenal tissue uberon adrenal - interrenal gland suprarenal gland - interrenal gland UBERON:0006858 adrenal/interrenal gland The distalmost portion of the digestive tract, derived from the hindgut, and terminating with the anus. this class is the superclass of 'rectum', which is currently reserved for the vertebrate structure. May be merged in future. FBbt:00005756 WBbt:0005773 rectum uberon rectal part of digestive tract terminal section of digestive tract UBERON:0006866 terminal part of digestive tract the distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the pedal appendages (e.g. hand, foot, paw) EHDAA2 does not have a single class for footplate, but includes epithelium, mesenchyme and AER UBERON:0004343 EHDAA:5143 EHDAA:6096 EMAPA:17249 FMA:296800 UMLS:C1517291 foot plate uberon distal part of hindlimb bud foot disk UBERON:0006871 footplate A vasculature that is part of a organ. FMA:74612 organ vasculature set of blood vessels of organ uberon UBERON:0006876 vasculature of organ A head mesenchyme that develops_from a mesoderm. merged in 'head mesoderm' from XAO/AAO and EFO here. Partially implements https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/The-neural-crest NC meeting scheme AAO:0011051 EFO:0003337 EFO:0003603 EHDAA2:0001118 EHDAA:655 EMAPA:16099 EMAPA_RETIRED:16270 FMA:293859 TAO:0000998 VHOG:0000185 XAO:0000053 ZFA:0000998 head mesenchyme derived from mesoderm head mesenchyme from head mesoderm head mesenchyme from mesoderm mesenchyme derived from head mesoderm mesenchyme from head mesoderm uberon cranial mesoderm head mesoderm UBERON:0006904 head mesenchyme from mesoderm An anatomical space that surrounded_by a digestive tract. BTO:0000349 EMAPA:32908 FMA:45677 digestive tract lumen gut cavity gut lumen lumen of alimentary tract lumen of digestive tract lumen of gut uberon UBERON:0006909 lumen of digestive tract An epithelium characterised by its most superficial layer consisting of squamous epithelial cells. FBbt:00007028 (squamous epithelium) A type of epithelium that is made up of flattened cells which are arranged with their long axes in the plane of the epithelium BTO:0002072 UMLS:C0221909 uberon UBERON:0006914 squamous epithelium A glandular epithelium that lines the stomach. The stomach's glandular epithelium is characterized by the presence of gastric glands. we follow Kardong in treating the glandular epithelium as a distinct entity, and thus as an epithelium which has glands; FMA has 'epithelium of gastric gland', which is part of the gastric gland. EMAPA:17623 EMAPA:35814 FMA:63458 MA:0002784 epithelium of gastric gland uberon gastric gland epithelium UBERON:0006924 stomach glandular epithelium A gland, such as the liver or pancreas, that secretes into the alimentary canal substances necessary for digestion. AAO:0000130 BTO:0000345 digestive system gland uberon UBERON:0006925 digestive gland Simple columnar epithelium that constitutes the secretory part of a gland. Examples: epithelium of stomach, luminal epithelium of lactiferous duct.[FMA] FMA:64800 UMLS:C0225337 uberon UBERON:0006929 glandular columnar epithelium stomach mucosa that is lined with glandular epithelium and part of a stomach glandular region. EMAPA:27167 MA:0001614 stomach glandular region glandular mucous membrane uberon UBERON:0006931 stomach glandular region mucosa An epithelium that is part of a uterus. BTO:0003082 uberon uterus epithelium UBERON:0006955 uterine epithelium The vascular cord is the primordial vasculature that will develop into blood vessels by the process of tubulogenesis[GO]. The vascular cord is composed of angioblast or vascular endothelial cells in a solid linear mass called a cord. The cord then undergoes tubulogenesis to form the lumen of the vessels[ZFA]. EFO:0003709 TAO:0005077 ZFA:0005077 uberon UBERON:0006965 vascular cord A two dimensional anatomical structure that is the boundary between an anatomical structure and an anatomical substance, an anatomical space or the organism's environment. Examples include the surface of your skin, the surface of the lining of your gut; the surface of the endothelium of you aorta that is in contact with blood.n AAO:0010270 BILA:0000010 CARO:0001002 EHDAA2:0003192 FMA:24137 ID:0000000 UMLS:C1515977 ZFA:0005594 uberon UBERON:0006984 Old definition: 'Non-material anatomical entity of two dimensions, that is demarcated by anatomical lines or points on the external or internal surfaces of anatomical structures.' Note, in the new definition, the space referred to is not necessarily an anatomical space. It may be the outside of an organism. anatomical surface The splanchnic mesoderm in the cardiogenic region where the heart develops; it gives rise to endocardial heart tubes that fuse to form the primordial cardiac tube, the heart primordium[web]. Two migratory heart primordia that move ventrally during the course of neurulation, and then fuse[XAO]. consider FBbt:00005541 ! cardiogenic mesoderm review EHDAA2 placement AAO:0011021 BILA:0000051 EFO:0000315 EHDAA2:0000214 EHDAA:385 FMA:293143 VHOG:0001641 XAO:0000235 uberon cardiogenic mesoderm cardiogenic region heart primordia UBERON:0007005 cardiac mesoderm Organism at the cleavage stage. BILA:0000058 uberon UBERON:0007010 cleaving embryo The endodermal cells generate only the lining of the digestive tube and its glands; mesodermal mesenchyme cells will surround this tube to provide the muscles for peristalsis BILA:0000084 UMLS:C1514442 future digestive tract future digestive tube future gut primitive gut uberon embryonic digestive tube primordial digestive tube primordial gut UBERON:0007026 presumptive gut A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood or analogs[GO,modified]. note we reserve the subclass 'heart' from the vertebrate multi-chambered heart. 'The first heart-like organ is believed to have appeared 500my ago in an ancestral bilaterian'. Amniotes: four-chambered heart. Amphibians: two atria, one ventricle, pulmonary; fish: single atrium and ventricle; amphioxus: tubular, non-striated, closed, unidirectional; ascidians: tubular, striated, open, bidirectional; arthropods: tubular, open; C elegans: contractile pharynx; Cnideria: striated muscle cells associated with gastrodermis FBbt:00003154 SPD:0000130 TADS:0000147 dorsal tube heart uberon adult heart UBERON:0007100 Gene notes: Bmp, Nkx, Gata primary circulatory organ A pharyngeal puch that is between the pharyngeal arches 2 and 3. A pouch that is situated between the 2nd and 3rd pharyngeal arch. [ISBN10:0124020607][VHOG] Second of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits.[AAO] A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG] the dorsal elongation of the second pouch endoderm of all mammals, with the exception of rodents, gives rise to the epithelial lining of palatine tonsils; in rodents, the ventral portion of the second pouch appears to degenerate whereas the remaining part is incorporated into the lateral border of the pharynx; it appears that rodents no longer require tonsils as their function is carried out by the NALT (Nose/Nasal-Associated Lymphoid Tissue) system in the upper respiratory tract. Contributes to the middle ear, epithelial lining of Crypts (spaces) of the palatine tonsils, supplied by the facial nerve UBERON:0005715 AAO:0011115 EFO:0003633 EHDAA2:0000058 EMAPA:16275 EMAPA:16276 FMA:295676 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000060 TAO:0001130 UMLS:C0231069 VHOG:0000561 VHOG:0000967 XAO:0000247 ZFA:0001130 2nd arch branchial pouch 2nd arch branchial pouch endoderm 2nd arch pouch endoderm 2nd branchial pouch 2nd pharyngeal pouch endoderm pharyngeal pouches 2 second arch pharyngeal pouch second visceral pouch visceral pouch 2 uberon second pharyngeal pouch UBERON:0007123 pharyngeal pouch 2 An intermediate stage (between the neural plate and neural rod) during the early segmentation period in the morphogenesis of the central nervous system primordium; the keel is roughly triangular shaped in cross section. An intermediate stage (between the neural plate and neural rod) during the early segmentation period in the morphogenesis of the central nervous system primordium; the keel is roughly triangular shaped in cross section. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] EFO:0003497 TAO:0000131 ZFA:0000131 uberon presumptive central nervous system UBERON:0007135 neural keel The structure from the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles that forms the airways that supply air to the lungs. The lining of the tracheobronchial tree consists of ciliated columnar epithelial cells. UBERON:0004102 FMA:7393 arbor tracheobronchialis uberon tracheobronchial system UBERON:0007196 tracheobronchial tree Mesenchyme that develops_from a cranial neural crest. EFO:0003572 EHDAA2:0000735 EMAPA:16169 EMAPA:16271 EMAPA_RETIRED:16271 TAO:0000787 ZFA:0000787 head mesenchyme from cranial neural crest head mesenchyme from neural crest head neural crest derived mesenchyme uberon UBERON:0007213 mesenchyme derived from head neural crest Of or pertaining to the period of time immediately following birth, or to the newborn. consider splitting infant/newborn BTO:0001762 EV:0300037 HsapDv:0000082 MmusDv:0000096 NIF_Organism:birnlex_695 OGES:000025 neonatal stage fledgling stage hatchling hatchling stage infant stage nestling stage pouch stage puggle puggle stage uberon newborn stage UBERON:0007221 neonate stage relationship to Meckel's cartilage to be added Subsequent vertebrate evolution has also involved major alterations to the pharynx; perhaps the most notable occurred with the evolution of the gnathostomes. This involved substantial modifications to the most anterior pharyngeal segments, with the jaw forming from the first, anterior, pharyngeal segment, while the second formed its supporting apparatus, the hyoid.[well established][VHOG] EHDAA2:0000031 EHDAA:583 EMAPA:16382 VHOG:0000510 ventral pharyngeal arch 1 uberon ventral mandibular arch ventral visceral arch 1 UBERON:0007237 1st arch mandibular component The collection of all skeletal elements in a pelvic appendage region. uberon UBERON:0007273 pelvic appendage skeleton The rhombencephalon (or hindbrain) is a developmental categorization of portions of the central nervous system in vertebrates. The rhombencephalon can be subdivided in a variable number of transversal swellings called rhombomeres. In the human embryo eight rhombomeres can be distinguished, from caudal to rostral: Rh7-Rh1 and the isthmus (the most rostral rhombomere). A rare disease of the rhombencephalon, 'rhombencephalosynapsis' is characterized by a missing vermis resulting in a fused cerebellum. Patients generally present with cerebellar ataxia. The caudal rhombencephalon has been generally considered as the initiation site for neural tube closure. TODO - unify naming conventions The embryonic rhombencephalon can be subdivided in a variable number of transversal swellings called rhombomeres. Rhombomeres Rh7-Rh4 form the myelencephalon that will give the medulla oblongata. Rhombomeres Rh3-Rh1 form the metencephalon that will form the pons and the cerebellum[NPX:PDR]. BAMS:HB CALOHA:TS-2118 EFO:0003440 EHDAA2:0001630 FMA:295640 TAO:0000569 ZFA:0000569 presumptive rhombencephalon uberon embryonic rhombencephalon future hindbrain rhombencephalon UBERON:0007277 presumptive hindbrain A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a endocardium. Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the endocardium.[TAO] TAO:0002233 ZFA:0001724 uberon UBERON:0007280 presumptive endocardium Embryonic structure that gives rise to the midbrain hindbrain boundary. EFO:0003446 TAO:0001187 XAO:0004086 ZFA:0001187 presumptive MHB presumptive midbrain-hindbrain boundary uberon UBERON:0007281 presumptive midbrain hindbrain boundary A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a presomitic mesoderm. EFO:0003421 TAO:0000053 ZFA:0000053 uberon presumptive segmental plates UBERON:0007282 presumptive segmental plate A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a neural plate. consider merging Region of the gastrula which gives rise to the neural plate.[TAO] EFO:0003424 TAO:0000063 ZFA:0000063 prospective neuroectoderm prospective vegetal ectoderm uberon UBERON:0007284 presumptive neural plate A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a paraxial mesoderm. EFO:0003443 TAO:0000591 XAO:0004134 ZFA:0000591 future paraxial mesoderm uberon UBERON:0007285 presumptive paraxial mesoderm A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a pronephric mesoderm. EFO:0003619 TAO:0001070 ZFA:0001070 nephron primordium uberon UBERON:0007297 presumptive pronephric mesoderm A dense accumulation of exocrine glands in the pancreas often surrounding islets of Langerhans. TODO - check In mice many lobules lack islets, in contrast to other mammals including humans FMA:16012 MA:0000721 lobulus pancreaticus pancreas lobe pancreatic lobule uberon UBERON:0007324 pancreatic lobule A duct that is part of the pancreas and connected to the duodenum. this class groups together accessory (dorsal) and main (ventral) pancreatic ducts Duct connecting the pancreas with the intestine. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG] These data show that ducts within the zebrafish pancreas originally arise in situ from isolated progenitor cells rather than arising from reiterative branching of the pancreatic epithelium. This process of pancreatic duct formation in zebrafish may be analogous to the mechanism of duct formation in the mammalian mammary and salivary glands. (...) A related mechanism of duct formation has also been proposed to occur within the mammalian pancreatic epithelium.[uncertain][VHOG] in EHDAA2, the dorsal and ventral ducts are classified as epithelial sacs - review after overhaul of duct/epithelia terms EHDAA:9194 EMAPA:32952 FMA:10419 MA:0000124 TAO:0001372 VHOG:0000254 ZFA:0001372 duct of pancreas pancreas duct uberon ductus pancreaticus UBERON:0007329 pancreatic duct The epidermis is the entire outer epithelial layer of an animal, it may be a single layer that produces an extracellular material (e.g. the cuticle of arthropods) or a complex stratified squamous epithelium, as in the case of many vertebrate species[GO]. this grouping class exists primarily to align with GO - see GO:0008544. BSA:0000073 BTO:0000313 FBbt:00004993 HAO:0000298 TADS:0000109 WBbt:0005733 epidermis epidermis (sensu Metazoa) outer epidermal layer outer epithelial layer uberon hypoderm hypodermis UBERON:0007376 outer epithelium Portion of the dermis characterized by a well-arranged, plywood-like, collagenous network. Portion of the dermis characterized by a well-arranged, plywood-like, collagenous network. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO] relationship loss: develops_from collagenous dermal stroma (TAO:0001186)[TAO] connective tissue in the skin is usually diffuse and irregular, although in some species collagen bundles are arranged in a distinct ordered layer in the dermis AAO:0010600 TAO:0001182 ZFA:0001182 dermal deep region uberon UBERON:0007377 stratum compactum Outermost layer of cells surrounding the embryo. Outermost monolayer of cells surrounding the embryo that become very flattened in the blastula and give rise to the periderm. Sometimes used synonymously with periderm. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO] relationship loss: develops_from superficial blastomere (TAO:0001484)[TAO] Originally this tissue is one cell layer thick but in most vertebrates it soon becomes a two layered structure. The outer layer gives rise to the periderm. EFO:0003425 TAO:0000086 ZFA:0000086 EVL enveloping layer uberon UBERON:0007383 enveloping layer of ectoderm An epithelial tube that is open at one end only. AEO:0000115 EHDAA2:0003115 uberon UBERON:0007499 epithelial sac An epithelial tube open at both ends that allows fluid flow. AEO_RETIRED:0000116 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003116 uberon UBERON:0007500 epithelial tube open at both ends A closed epithelium with a lumen. EHDAA2:0003119 AEO:0000119 EHDAA2:0003119 uberon UBERON:0007503 epithelial vesicle Mesenchyme with little extracellular matrix. EHDAA2:0003146 AEO:0000146 EHDAA2:0003146 uberon UBERON:0007524 dense mesenchyme tissue Mesenchymal cells that are migrating. this class will be an important part of the NC reorganization EHDAA2:0003152 AEO:0000152 EHDAA2:0003152 uberon UBERON:0007530 migrating mesenchyme population A ciliated columnar epithelium that is part of a oviduct. in FMA, epithelium of uterine tube is a subclass of ciliated columnar epithelium. MA introduces subtypes: ciliated columnar and cuboidal. We map the FMA type according to its relationships, not its label FMA:62016 MA:0001719 uberon epithelium of uterine tube uterine tube epithelium UBERON:0007589 ciliated columnar oviduct epithelium Simple columnar epithelium in which the luminal side of the cells bears cilia. Examples: epithelium of trachea, epithelium of uterine tube.[FMA] In humans, Ciliated columnar epithelial cells are found mainly in the tracheal and bronchial regions of the pulmonary system and also in the fallopian tubes of the female reproductive system Ciliated columnar epithelium in the pulmonary system is interspersed with goblet cells that secrete mucous to form a mucosal layer apical to the epithelial layer. The rowing-like action of epithelial cilia work in tandem with goblet cells to propel mucus away from the lungs, preventing particulate matter from causing infection[http://www.bio.davidson.edu/people/kabernd/berndcv/lab/epithelialinfoweb/ciliated%20columnar%20epithelium.html] FMA:64798 uberon UBERON:0007592 ciliated columnar epithelium Epithelium bearing vibratile cilia on the free surface. uberon UBERON:0007601 ciliated epithelium A thin, loose vascular connective tissue that makes up the membranes surrounding joints and the sheaths protecting tendons (particularly flexor tendons in the hands and feet) where they pass over bony prominences. Synovial tissue contains synovial cells, which secrete a viscous liquid called synovial fluid; this liquid contains protein and hyaluronic acid and serves as a lubricant and nutrient for the joint cartilage surfaces[BTO]. Synovial tissue can be found in tendons (tissues that connect muscle to bone), bursae (fluid-filled, cushioning sacs found in spaces between tendons, ligaments, and bones), and the cavity (hollow enclosed area) that separates the bones of a freely movable joint, such as the knee or elbow[BTO]. BTO:0001338 CALOHA:TS-0998 FMA:66762 synovium stratum synoviale synovial layer synovial membrane uberon synovial tissue UBERON:0007616 layer of synovial tissue An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a synovial joint. FMA:11356 articular cavity (synovial joint) cavitas articularis (junctura synovialis) cavity of synovial joint uberon joint cavity synovial cavity UBERON:0007617 synovial cavity of joint epithelial layer of the retina, ciliary body, or iris composed of cells containing pigment granules. GAID:907 MESH:D010857 uberon eye pigment epithelium UBERON:0007625 pigment epithelium of eye A developing mesenchymal capsule that covers the developing brain and spinal cord and is the precursor of the meningeal cluster. In mammals this gives rise to the arachnoid mater, pia mater and dura mater. In cyclostomes and fishes, the future meninx gives rise to a single meningeal layer, the primitive meninx. decide whether to treat the endo and ecto meninx as subtypes or parts of the future meninx the outermost mesenchymal covering of the developing brain and spinal cord that is composed of tough fibrous connective tissue from which the arachnoid mater, pia mater and dura mater are formed[MP:0009726]d UBERON:0004065 EHDAA2:0004453 primary meninx uberon meninx primitiva primitive meninx primordial meninx UBERON:0007645 future meninx 2 An anatomical structure that connects two structures junction FMA:5898 anatomical junction uberon UBERON:0007651 anatomical junction functional unit of the kidney that forms urine, consisting of two parts, the nephron and the collecting tubule. FMA:17691 uberon UBERON:0007684 uriniferous tubule region of the embryo into the area in which the kidney rudiment will develop. uberon kidney anlage UBERON:0007687 kidney field Anlagen are populations of contiguous cells, typically arranged in one plane, that are morphologically indistinct, but that already correspond in extent to a later organ/tissue. field AEO:0000170 EFO:0001649 EHDAA2:0003170 FBbt:00005426 developmental field uberon future organ organ field UBERON:0007688 anlage endodermal bud derived from the endodermal epithelium of the embryonic pharyngeal floor[MP]. The thyroid diverticulum is the embryological structure from which thyroid follicular cells derive. It grows from the floor of the pharnyx[WP]. uberon diverticulum thyroideum saccus thyroideus UBERON:0007689 thyroid diverticulum . EFO:0003626 EHDAA2:0001457 EHDAA:962 EMAPA:32754 FMA:293087 TAO:0001104 ZFA:0001104 early pharyngeal arch endoderm uberon pharyngeal arch endoderm pharyngeal endoderm pharyngeal region endoderm UBERON:0007690 relation conflict: ZFA vs EHDAA2. Note EHDAA2 term renamed to 'early PA endoderm' early pharyngeal endoderm Body substance in liquid state, which is derived from plasma by passage through the (intact) wall of capillaries without further processing by secretory cells or glands. transudative FMA:12276 GAID:1195 MESH:D005122 ncithesaurus:Transudate uberon UBERON:0007779 transduate Any fluid produced by a serous gland. the FMA def is Transudate contained in a serous sac FMA:20932 serous gland fluid uberon UBERON:0007794 serous fluid Anatomical system that consists of all blood and lymph vessels. consider merging with vasculature The cardiovascular and lymphatic systems, collectively[ncithesaurus:Vascular_System]. in both MA and BTO, the arterial system and venous sytem are subtypes of the vascular system BTO:0001085 CALOHA:TS-2053 EHDAA2:0004520 EMAPA:35905 MA:0002718 UMLS:C0489903 uberon Gefaesssystem@ge UBERON:0007798 vascular system The anteriormost subdivision of the body that includes the head, jaws, pharyngeal region and the neck (if present). In vertebrates this is the subdivision that includes the cervical vertebrae. CALOHA:TS-2356 EV:0100009 FMA:280881 MA:0000006 UMLS:C0460004 WikipediaCategory:Head_and_neck galen:HeadAndNeck uberon cephalic area cephalic part of animal cephalic region head and neck head or neck UBERON:0007811 craniocervical region An organism subdivision that encompasses the region containing the pectoral or pelvic girdle. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). this encompasses non-skeletal tissue An organism subdivision that encompasses the region containing the pectoral or pelvic girdle. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). There are only two instances of appendage girdle regions per organism.[VSAO] UBERON:0007824 girdle girdle region FMA:24874 VSAO:0000303 uberon fin girdle fin girdle region limb girdle limb girdle region UBERON:0007823 appendage girdle region Skeletal subdivision consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the hindlimb zeugopodium and offering anchoring areas for hindlimb and caudal musculature. need to resolve whether this is a paired structure or a single belt (Paired in FMA - implicitly paired in VSAO) Anatomical cluster by which the hind limbs are supported and attached to the vertebral column.[AAO] Anatomical cluster that consists of the paired basipterygia which support the pelvic fin.[TAO] Girdle skeleton consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the hindlimb/fin skeleton and offering anchoring areas for hindlimb/fin and caudal musculature.[VSAO] The pelvic girdle is never joined by contributions of dermal bone. From its first appearance in placoderms, the pelvic girdle is exclusively endoskeletal. It arose from pterygiophores, perhaps several times, in support of the fin.[well established][VHOG] Note that the VSAO and many ontologies use the label 'pelvic girdle' to denote the skeletal region specifically. We place the EHDAA2 class here, note that this includes the pre-cartilage condensation as parts AAO:0000426 AAO:0000768 EFO:0000947 EHDAA2:0001426 EHDAA:7149 EHDAA:8324 EMAPA:18028 FMA:87592 MAT:0000182 MIAA:0000182 TAO:0000565 VHOG:0000305 VSAO:0000155 XAO:0003064 ZFA:0000565 galen:PelvicGirdle pelvic girdle skeleton skeletal parts of pelvic girdle skeleton of pelvic girdle uberon pelvic girdle UBERON:0007832 pelvic girdle skeleton Skeletal element that is composed of cartilage tissue and may be permanent or transient. TAO still mixes tissue and element AAO:0011130 CALOHA:TS-0118 EMAPA:32730 FMA:55107 VSAO:0000000 XAO:0004013 ZFA:0001501 cartilage organ cartilaginous element chondrogenic element uberon cartilage UBERON:0007844 cartilage element Connective tissue, which consists of fibroblasts, the intercellular matrix of which contains a regular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: bone (tissue), cartilage (tissue), dense regular connective tissue. the connective tissue hierarchy largely follows FMA with definitions from VSAO. Note that in FMA, loose-CT is irregular-CT. This means regular-CT is necessarily equivalent to dense-regular-CT (assuming a JEPD classification). FMA:20103 uberon UBERON:0007845 regular connective tissue Connective tissue that is dominated by collagen fibres organized into a definitive pattern (e.g., parallel to one another), with comparatively fewer cells (mostly fibroblasts). Connective tissue that is dominated by collagen fibres organized into a definitive pattern (e.g., parallel to one another), with comparatively fewer cells (mostly fibroblasts).[VSAO] Regular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which consists predominantly of collagen fiber bundles arranged in parallel arrays.[FMA] FMA:64781 UMLS:C0225333 VSAO:0000050 XAO:0004030 dense fibrous connective tissue dense regular collagenous connective tissue dense regular collagenous tissue regular dense connective tissue typus regularis (textus connectivus collagenosus compactus) uberon UBERON:0007846 dense regular connective tissue An endothelium that is part of a heart [Automatically generated definition]. this class includes any endothelia that are part of the heart. This might include the endocardial epithelia, as well as endothelia of vessels that are considered strictly part of the heart (e.g. outflow tract). As a grouping class, this may lack utility, and pending review this class may be obsoleted. For annotation consider a more specific class. BTO:0004293 uberon cardiac endothelium UBERON:0008307 heart endothelium An embryonic structure that is derived from the inner cell mass and lies above the hypoblast and gives rise to the three primary germ layers EHDAA2:0000444 EHDAA:42 EHDAA:75 EMAPA:16050 UMLS:C1516906 uberon embryonic epiblast UBERON:0008780 The epiblast cells (appearing on day 8 of human embryonic development) make up a columnar epithelium with dense microvilli on the apical surface. During gastrulation, the epiblast cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and delaminate to become the loose mesenchyme of the primitive streak. The epiblast is present in postimplantation mouse embryos between E5.5-E7.5. inner cell mass derived epiblast A limb segment that is part of a hindlimb. FMA:24877 free lower limb segment free lower limb subdivision segment of free lower limb subdivision of free lower limb uberon UBERON:0008784 lower limb segment EHDAA2:0001413 EHDAA:9246 uberon UBERON:0008801 parotid gland primordium A transient embryonic complex that comprises the pharyngeal arches, bulges of tissues of mesoderm and neural crest derivation through which pass nerves and pharyngeal arch arteries. The arches are separated internally by pharyngeal pouches, evaginations of foregut endoderm, and externally by pharyngeal clefts, invaginations of surface ectoderm. The development of the system ends when the stucture it contributes to are forming, which may include (depending on species) the thymus, thyroid, parathyroids, maxilla, mandible, aortic arch, cardiac outflow tract, external and middle ear[GO,modified]. Currently defined in a vertebrate specific manner. The arch system has origins in basal deuterostomes, consider generalizing EHDAA2:0000187 FMA:293041 UMLS:C1519038 pharyngeal apparatus pharyngeal arch region pharyngeal system uberon pharyngeal arches and clefts UBERON:0008814 pharyngeal arch system A head that is part of a embryo. CALOHA:TS-0246 FBbt:00000155 FMA:293011 uberon UBERON:0008816 embryonic head An out-pocket of thickened ventral foregut epithelium adjacent to the developing heart. Constitutes the first morphological sign of the embryonic liver. The anterior portion of the hepatic diverticulum gives rise to the liver and intrahepatic biliary tree, while the posterior portion forms the gall bladder and extrahepatic bile ducts. in mice, the hepatic diverticulum forms by E9 and expands into an obvious liver bud by E10 The caudal part of the septum transversum is invaded by the hepatic diverticulum which divides within it to form the liver and thus gives rise to the ventral mesentery of the foregut. AAO:0011057 EHDAA2:0000740 EHDAA:1530 UMLS:C1512407 XAO:0000101 liver diverticulum uberon diverticulum hepaticum UBERON:0008835 hepatic diverticulum BTO:0001642 uberon UBERON:0008836 liver bud The short narrow part of the stomach extending from the pyloric antrum to the pyloric sphincter FMA:14580 canalis pyloricus uberon canalis pyloricus UBERON:0008858 pyloric canal The gastric glands in the pyloric region of the stomach; the pyloric glands secrete mucin, which coats the stomach and protects it, and hormones such as gastrin and enkephalin[MP]. check relationship to pylorus vs antrum EMAPA:27211 FMA:14922 UMLS:C0227239 glandula pylorica pyloric antrum gland pyloric gland pyloric mucuous gland uberon UBERON:0008861 pyloric gastric gland Subdivision of endoskeleton derived from pharyngeal arches Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and consists of the jaws, hyoid and branchial arches.[TAO] Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and consists of the jaws, hyoid, and branchial arches.[AAO] The part of the skull derived from the embryonic pharyngeal arches. [Biology_Online][VHOG] The skull of ancestral tetrapods has the three basic components that we have been considering: (1) chondrocranium, (2) splanchnocranium, and (3) dermatocranium (reference 1); Each part of the skull arises from a separate phylogenetic source. The most ancient part is the splanchnocranium (visceral cranium), which first arose to support pharyngeal slits in protochordates (reference 2).[well established][VHOG] VSAO labels this term 'pharyngeal arch' (2012-06-01) - however, it clearly means pharyngeal arch skeleton. many sources define this as the part of the endoskeletal that is from pharyngeal arches - this would make it part-disjoint from dermatocranium. However, there are many bones in AOs that have part-paths to both AAO:0010157 TAO:0001216 VHOG:0000315 VSAO:0000149 XAO:0003176 ZFA:0001216 pharyngeal endoskeleton viscerocranium uberon branchial arch skeleton gill arch skeleton pharyngeal arch pharyngeal arch skeleton pharyngeal skeleton visceral cranium visceral skeletal system visceral skeleton UBERON:0008895 splanchnocranium An external projection of an aquatic animal as a fish used in propelling or guiding the body[BTO]. Surface structure involved in locomotion.[TAO] Surface structure involved in locomotion.[VSAO] This class groups together various structures that may have arisen through convergent evolution, including, for example, the dorsal fin of a cetacean AAO:0010374 AEO:0001004 BTO:0004649 EFO:0000875 MAT:0000087 MESH:D058500 MIAA:0000087 OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjcBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0000108 VSAO:0000099 XAO:0000002 ZFA:0000108 uberon fins UBERON:0008897 fin A parenchyma that is part of a lung. EMAPA:35522 FMA:27360 MA:0003168 respiratory portion of lung uberon parenchyma of lung pulmonary parenchyma UBERON:0008946 lung parenchyma EHDAA2:0004069 UMLS:C1514898 uberon UBERON:0008947 respiratory primordium The functional tissue of the kidney, consisting of the nephrons. BTO:0003604 FMA:15574 parenchyma of kidney uberon kidney parenchyma UBERON:0008987 renal parenchyma An organ part that is part of a stomach. EMAPA:35821 MA:0002561 uberon UBERON:0009034 stomach region A gonad prior to differentiating into a definitive testis or ovary. EHDAA2:0000716 UMLS:C1512703 uberon gonad rudiment UBERON:0009117 typically part of the embryo - however, in male tammar wallabies the gonads are indifferent at the neonatal stage[8827321] indifferent gonad A fold of tissue which extends into the peritoneal cavity of the developing embryo and participates in the separation of the pleural and peritoneal cavities. In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart [of other tetrapods] is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes). Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG] UBERON:0009146 EHDAA2:0001483 EMAPA:17709 UMLS:C1283968 VHOG:0000757 pleuroperitoneal fold pleuroperitoneal membranes uberon UBERON:0009133 pleuroperitoneal membrane A vein that is part of a craniocervical region. EHDAA2:0004542 craniocervical vein head and neck veins vein of head and neck uberon UBERON:0009141 craniocervical region vein Sum total of mesenchyme in the embryo. consider adding new class (EMAPA:16097) for mesenchyme of embryo (some mesenchyme is extraembryonic - e.g. amnion mesoderm) UBERON:0003313 EHDAA2:0001113 EHDAA:177 EMAPA:16097 uberon UBERON:0009142 entire embryonic mesenchyme EMAPA:16549 RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001454 pharyngeal region uberon UBERON:0009145 pharyngeal region of foregut EHDAA2:0004021 uberon UBERON:0009196 indifferent external genitalia A nephric duct is a tube that drains a primitive kidney[GO]. EMAPA:28425 EMAPA:28429 uberon UBERON:0009201 pronephric duct or mesonephric duct nephric duct An epithelium that is part of a foregut-midgut junction. EHDAA2:0000573 EMAPA:16564 uberon UBERON:0009497 epithelium of foregut-midgut junction An endoderm that is part of a anal region. EHDAA2:0004020 EMAPA:17177 uberon UBERON:0009521 anal membrane endodermal component An endoderm that is part of a foregut-midgut junction. EHDAA2:0000572 EMAPA:18403 uberon UBERON:0009550 endoderm of foregut-midgut junction A segment of a digit containing the distal phalanx, and overlapping the distal interphalangeal joint[CJM]. The digit tip is derived from multiple and distinct embryonic origins, and includes the distal bone with associated marrow cavity and haematopoietic cells, ventral (flexor) and dorsal (extensor) tendons, sweat glands with myoepithelial and luminal secreting cells and associated neurons for innervation, dermis with resident melanocytes and dendritic cells, mesenchyme with resident fibroblasts, skin epidermis with hair follicles, a nail organ composed of six specific parts (the root, nail bed, nail plate, eponychium (cuticle), perionychium and hyponychium). Newborn and adult mice are able to regrow forelimb (finger) and hindlimb (toe) digit tips after their amputation through the distal interphalangeal joint. Regeneration of the digit tip involves the integrated regrowth of multiple tissues within 2-3 months, reaching an external morphology that is cosmetically and functionally similar to normal digits. Most importantly, regeneration of the mouse distal digit shares morphological similarities with clinical cases documenting regrowth of missing distal portions of fingers in both children and adults digit tip distal digit segment tip of digit uberon UBERON:0009551 distal segment of digit A nail, hoof or claw. MESH:D006724 uberon hoof or claw hoof, claw or nail keratin plate keratin sheath unguis UBERON:0009564 distal limb integumentary appendage FMA:25054 region of trunk trunk subdivision uberon UBERON:0009569 subdivision of trunk EHDAA2:0001172 EMAPA:16977 VHOG:0000910 mantle layer lateral wall midbrain midbrain lateral wall mantle layer uberon mantle layer lateral wall mesencephalon UBERON:0009581 midbrain mantle layer TODO - developmental relationships for lines TAO:0007044 ZFA:0007044 MHB neural plate midbrain-hindbrain boundary neural plate uberon UBERON:0009615 midbrain hindbrain boundary neural plate A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a midbrain. TODO - unify naming conventions BAMS:MES EFO:0003432 EHDAA2:0000615 EMAPA:16140 EMAPA:16472 TAO:0000148 ZFA:0000148 presumptive mesencephalon uberon early midbrain future midbrain mesencephalon UBERON:0009616 presumptive midbrain Bilateral mesenchymal mesoderm parallel and immediately adjacent to the neural tube/notochord; it generates a subset of extra-ocular, and other head, muscles. A major contributor to neurocranium [PMID:16313393] EHDAA2:0000736 EHDAA:364 EMAPA:16171 cephalic paraxial mesenchyme cephalic paraxial mesoderm cranial paraxial mesenchyme cranial paraxial mesoderm head paraxial mesenchyme uberon somitomere somitomeric mesoderm UBERON:0009617 head paraxial mesoderm EHDAA2:0002094 trunk and cervical paraxial mesenchyme uberon trunk paraxial mesenchyme UBERON:0009618 trunk paraxial mesoderm Nucleus located within the hindbrain. TAO:0002177 ZFA:0001658 uberon UBERON:0009662 hindbrain nucleus EFO:0003562 EHDAA2:0001981 EHDAA:1993 EHDAA:2671 EMAPA:16914 early telencephalic vesicle uberon early telencephalic ventricle UBERON:0009676 early telencephalic vesicle EHDAA2:0001371 uberon pancreatis dorsalis UBERON:0009708 dorsal pancreas EHDAA2:0001393 uberon pancreatis ventralis UBERON:0009709 ventral pancreas EHDAA2:0004621 EMAPA:32754 FMA:293087 uberon pharyngeal arch endoderm UBERON:0009722 entire pharyngeal arch endoderm The primordial embryonic connective tissue of the developing limbs, autopods and digits, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to limb connective tissue, bone and musculature in conjunction with myotome cells. EMAPA mapping from TH EMAPA:32705 uberon limb mesoderm UBERON:0009749 limb mesenchyme The embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing cardiac structures decide whether to merge with cardiac mesoderm. In EHDAA2 this lasts CS12->unbounded, includes mesenchyme of individual components as parts EHDAA2:0004162 EMAPA:36438 heart mesenchyme uberon UBERON:0009751 cardiac mesenchyme An inter-phalangeal joint that connects a distal phalanx to either a medial or proximal phalanx. FMA:65024 DIJ joint DIP joint uberon UBERON:0009768 distal interphalangeal joint A renal tubule is a tube that filters, re-absorbs and secretes substances to rid an organism of waste and to play a role in fluid homeostasis. this class groups vertebrate nephron tubules with analagous structures such as insect Malpighian tubules renal tubule (generic) tubule of excretory system uberon UBERON:0009773 renal tubule A serous sac that has the pleura and the pleural cavity as parts. despite its name the class EHDAA2:0004737 is not a true cavity, it corresponds to what we call the sac EHDAA2:0004737 FMA:9690 uberon UBERON:0009778 pleural sac The many-lobed berry cluster of cells that is the terminous of a gland where the secretion is produced is acinar in form. acinar acinus FMA:55588 uberon acini UBERON:0009842 glandular acinus Mesenchyme that surrounds primitive urogenital sinus. Androgen receptor (AR) activation releases instructive signals from UGM that acts on UGS epithelium (UGE) to stimulate cell proliferation, form prostate ductal progenitors (prostatic buds), and regulate cell adhesion dynamics to permit prostatic bud outgrowth EMAPA:31500 EMAPA:31519 UGM uberon UBERON:0009845 urogenital sinus mesenchyme An epithelium that is part of a embryonic cloaca. cloacal epithelium EHDAA2:0004585 uberon UBERON:0009846 embryonic cloacal epithelium A specific region of the urogenital sinus epithelium into the area in which the prostate gland will develop. uberon prostate primordium UBERON:0009847 prostate field Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract. FBbt:00100316 uberon diverticulum of gut intestinal pouch UBERON:0009854 digestive tract diverticulum galen:Diverticulum pouch uberon diverticulum UBERON:0009856 sac A division of the stomach. The stomach can be divided based on mucosal histology (glandular epithelium and gastric glands) and the relative position and type of gastric gland. We follow Kardong in defining stomach regions by gland, but we also include 'body of stomach'. In future we may want to have different partitions of the stomach FMA:14558 gastric zone region of stomach section of stomach uberon UBERON:0009870 zone of stomach Intermediate segment of the autopod, between the mesopodial region and and acropodial region. Examples: metacarpal region, metatarsal region considering adding 'acropodial region' Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group metacarpal or metatarsal part of limb metacarpus/metatarsus region metapodial segment cannon region equine cannon region uberon metacarpus/metatarsus metapodium UBERON:0009877 metapodium region The collection of all skeletal elements in a mesopodium. Examples: the tarsal skeleton, the carpal skeleton Limb skeleton subdivision consisting of endochondral bones increasing the freedom of movement of the autopodia, and located between zeugopodia and autopodia.[VSAO] relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: distally_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO] VSAO:0005022 basipodium skeleton carpal/tarsal skeleton mesopodial skeleton mesopodium skeleton skeletal parts of mesopodium uberon basipodium mesopodium UBERON:0009878 mesopodial skeleton EFO:0003704 TAO:0005041 ZFA:0005041 ALPM uberon UBERON:0009881 anterior lateral plate mesoderm A specific region of the lateral mesoderm that will form the majority of the mesodermal component of the right ventricle, arterial pole (outflow tract) and venous pole (inflow tract). extra-cardiac population of mesodermal progenitors that gives rise to the right ventricle and outflow tract[PMID:17276708]. In general, the two studies in chick concluded that the contribution of the SHF was to the outflow tract, whereas the mouse work suggested that the second lineage contributed more broadly to the heart, including the outflow tract and much or all of the right ventricle [11-14]. These different conclusions may represent differences in the experimental approaches used or may represent bona fide differences in the contribution of the second lineage to the hearts of birds compared to mammals [11]. Alternatively, the secondary/anterior heart fields described in the chick may represent a subset of a broader field that makes a more substantial contribution to the heart, as the mouse studies suggested in mouse has left ventricular identity[PMID:22855565] XAO:0004186 anterior heart field anterior/second heart field second heart field uberon SHF UBERON:0009889 secondary heart field Mesenchyme that is part of a developing face. EMAPA:35337 FMA:302884 face mesenchyme mesenchyme of face uberon UBERON:0009891 facial mesenchyme todo - provide definition. Clearly distinguish between lobules, lobes and acinar parts of glands (see for example lobule of mammary gland) FMA:45737 UMLS:C0921005 lobulus uberon UBERON:0009911 lobule EHDAA2:0001315 EHDAA:1122 uberon UBERON:0009920 optic neural crest Cranial ectodermal placode with potential to develop into a component of the nervous system, such as nerves or ganglia. Includes: trigeminal, otic, lateral line and epibranchial placodes. While some sensory placodes (otic and olfactory) may have homologues in basal chordates (Wada et al., 1998), the so-called neurogenenic placodes (trigeminal, otic, lateral line and epibranchial placodes) appear to have emerged at a later time (Shimeld and Holland, 2000) EFO:0003460 TAO:0001309 XAO:0004620 ZFA:0001309 neurogenic placodes uberon placodae neurogenicae UBERON:0009955 neurogenic placode An anatomical structure that has more than one cell as a part. CARO:0010000 FBbt:00100313 multicellular structure uberon UBERON:0010000 multicellular anatomical structure A small cluster of cells of various types which form a discrete structure, largely delimited by a morphological boundary and whose components work together to make the whole structure capable of a specific function. CARO:0010001 FBbt:00007229 uberon UBERON:0010001 Examples include arthropod sensilla. cell cluster organ An organ of the digestive tract that is capable of retaining and storing food This is a very broad functionally defined grouping class that collects disparate structures from insects to vertebrates BSA:0000123 TADS:0000172 TGMA:0001041 uberon UBERON:0010039 food storage organ Gland of the epithelium lining the oral cavity. The most common are the salivary glands. Note that Kardong classifies lacrimal glands here. EHDAA2 includes pituitary primordium, as this develops from oral mucosa UBERON:0003293 EHDAA2:0001327 EHDAA:2181 EMAPA:16572 EMAPA:16723 VHOG:0000652 buccal gland uberon gland of oral opening gland of oral region mouth gland oral cavity gland oral region gland UBERON:0010047 oral gland A compound organ that has the potential to develop into a tongue. EHDAA2:0000696 EHDAA:2951 uberon UBERON:0010056 future tongue An anatomical space with at least one opening to another space or the exterior. AEO:0000221 EHDAA2:0004616 uberon UBERON:0010064 open anatomical space Organ system subdivision that consists primarily of chromaffin cells and their supporting structures. in adult cylostomes and teleosts, the interrenal bodies are separate from chromaffin bodies FMA:79645 MESH:D002838 uberon argentaffin system chromaffin tissue UBERON:0010074 chromaffin system An extrahepatic bile duct that has the potential to develop into a common hepatic duct. EHDAA2:0000595 uberon UBERON:0010081 future common hepatic duct Mesenchyme that has the potential to develop into a dermis. check development EHDAA2:0000598 uberon UBERON:0010083 future dermis A structure that will develop into a diaphragm. EHDAA2:0000599 uberon UBERON:0010084 future diaphragm A developing anatomical structure that has the potential to develop into a metencephalon. EHDAA2:0000623 uberon UBERON:0010092 future metencephalon A developing anatomical structure that has the potential to develop into a myelencephalon. EHDAA2:0000640 uberon UBERON:0010096 future myelencephalon The distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the pedal appendages (e.g. manus, pes, paw) limb plate uberon UBERON:0010130 autopod plate Any portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of the conducting system of heart or the Purkinje fibers. EHDAA2:0004528 FMA:83378 specialized conducting tissue of heart specialized muscle tissue of heart uberon UBERON:0010131 conducting tissue of heart Any gland, other than the gonad, associated with the genital tract, such as the ampulla of the ductus deferens and the bulbourethral, prostate and vesicular glands of the male. BTO:0004798 uberon male accessory gland UBERON:0010147 male accessory sex gland An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a blood vessel. FMA:312610 blood vessel lumen uberon UBERON:0010161 lumen of blood vessel A roughly circular bulge in a surface. requires review AEO:0000205 EHDAA2:0003250 FMA:82506 uberon UBERON:0010188 protuberance EHDAA2:0004512 uberon UBERON:0010191 aortic system Multi-tissue structure that is part of the heart tube and will become the cardiac atrium. FMA:71005 TAO:0002228 ZFA:0001718 presumptive atrium heart tube primordial atrium primordial cardiac atrium uberon UBERON:0010227 future cardiac atrium The core globe-shaped component of the camera-type eye. See notes for camera-type eye FMA:12513 MIAA:0000283 VHOG:0001616 bulbus oculi eye globe eyeball uberon eye globe UBERON:0010230 eyeball of camera-type eye Portion of tissue that is dorsolateral to the floor plate and part of the midbrain. DHBA:12322 EFO:0003567 EHDAA2:0004375 TAO:0000761 ZFA:0000761 basal plate midbrain basal plate midbrain region uberon UBERON:0010285 midbrain basal plate Portion of neural tube that gives rise to the midbrain. we follow ZFA in temporally dividing midbrain NT from presumptive midbrain, but in future this may be collapsed TAO:0007039 ZFA:0007039 uberon UBERON:0010286 midbrain neural tube An epithelium that is part of a extraembryonic structure. extra-embryonic epithelium uberon UBERON:0010303 extraembryonic epithelium Developing anatomical structure that develops into the eyeball and associated structures. Multi-tissue structure that consists of the structures that develop into the retina and lens.[TAO] TAO:0002201 ZFA:0001678 future eye uberon UBERON:0010312 immature eye An anatomical structure that develops from the neural crest. Grouping term for query purposes uberon UBERON:0010313 neural crest-derived structure An anatomical structure that has some part that develops from the neural crest. Grouping term for query purposes uberon UBERON:0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest uberon UBERON:0010316 germ layer / neural crest Skeletal subdivision of the head including skull (cranium plus mandible), pharyngeal and/or hyoid apparatus. we use 'cranial skeletal system', so that we can include the skull, which has joints/sutures as parts (recall, we follow FMA in distinguishing between the skeleton and skeletal system - only the latter includes joints) that the cranial skeleton includes the pharyngeal arch skeleton. It is thus more inclusive that the cranium itself, and extends beyond the head in tetrapods. The AAO class called 'skull' belongs here, as it includes the whole splanchnocranium Bony structure that encases the central nervous system and the primary sense organs of sight, olfaction, hearing, and equilibrium.[AAO] Skeletal system which is part of the skull, including the splanchnocranium, chondrocranium, and dermatocranium.[TAO] AAO:0000109 AAO:0000971 AAO:0010185 TAO:0000737 VSAO:0000049 XAO:0003075 ZFA:0000737 cranial skeleton osteocranium uberon cranium UBERON:0010323 cranial skeletal system Mesenchyme that is part of a limb/fin bud. uberon UBERON:0010329 paired limb/fin bud mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a extraembryonic membrane. uberon UBERON:0010333 extraembryonic membrane mesenchyme A skeletal element that has the potential to participate in endochondral ossification, and may participate in intramembranous ossification. VSAO:0000139 XAO:0004017 ZFA:0005620 endochondral replacement element uberon UBERON:0010363 endochondral element https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-endochondral-elements-Design-Pattern The smallest anatomical unit of the lung, measuring 0.50 to 2.00 cm in diameter. Each lobule is composed of 4-8 terminal bronchioles and their distal alveolar ducts and sacs. The lobules are separated by fibrous interlobular septa. FMA:75739 lobulus pulmonis uberon UBERON:0010368 pulmonary lobule Epithelium composed of cells that develops from the ectoderm[FMA,modified]. FMA:69064 ectoderm-derived epithelium uberon UBERON:0010371 ecto-epithelium consider merging with dorsal pancreatic bud. Starts at CS12 in human (EHDAA2, embryology.ch 'bud anlagen') EHDAA2:0001384 FMA:79793 uberon dorsal pancreas UBERON:0010375 pancreas dorsal primordium Starts at CS14 in human (EHDAA2) or CS13-14 (embryology.ch 'bud anlagen') EHDAA2:0001387 FMA:79794 uberon ventral pancreas UBERON:0010376 pancreas ventral primordium Mesenchyme that develops_from a somatopleure. the way this class is defined also includes extraembryonic mesenchyme such as the amniotic mesenchyme; in future this may be restricted to embryonic derivatives EHDAA2:0001120 uberon UBERON:0010377 mesenchyme from somatopleure The integrated unit (of the eye) that consists of the conjunctiva, the corneal surface, and the ocular mucosal adnexa including the lid margins and the meibomian gland openings, the lacrimal glands and the lacrimal drainage system, all which are critical to maintain ocular surface integrity and provide protection from external antigens and pathogenic microorganisms. EMAPA:35336 MA:0002486 eye surface eye surface region ocular surface uberon UBERON:0010409 ocular surface region The ciliary processes are formed by the inward folding of the various layers of the choroid, i.e. , the choroid proper and the lamina basalis, and are received between corresponding foldings of the suspensory ligament of the lens. FMA:76551 ciliary processes ciliary processes set processus ciliares set of ciliary processes uberon ciliary process processus ciliares UBERON:0010427 ciliary processes A simple columnar epithelium that looks stratified but is not, because its cells are arranged with their nuclei at different levels. Pseudostratified epithelia function in secretion or absorption. If a specimen looks stratified but has cilia, then it is a pseudostratified ciliated epithelium, since stratified epithelia do not have cilia. glandular in NCIT; we consider the two NCIT terms synonymous FMA:45572 UMLS:C0836138 UMLS:C1514590 uberon UBERON:0010498 pseudostratified columnar epithelium Epithelium composed of a single layer of cells, appearing as layered because the column-shaped cells vary in height so the nuclei are at different levels. The basal portions of all the cells are in contact with the basement membrane. It lines the respiratory system and the male reproductive tract. The cilia in the respiratory tract are motile, while the stereocilia in the male reproductive tract are immobile. FMA:13146 UMLS:C0506992 epithelium pseudostratificatum columnare ciliatum (trachea et bronchi) uberon UBERON:0010499 pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium A vessel of the microcirculature, lying between the arterioles and venules; includes capillaries (blood and lymphatic), metarterioles and arteriovenous anastomoses. MESH:A07.231.432 TAO:0005251 ZFA:0005251 uberon microcirculatory vessels UBERON:0010523 microcirculatory vessel An epithelial tube that is fated to become a nephron. EHDAA2 treats this as already having a tubular structure, but in the ZFA representation this is a cluster of cells developing nephron primitive nephron future nephron presumptive nephron uberon UBERON:0010532 primitive nephron uberon UBERON:0010536 nephron progenitor An appendage segment that is part of a limb/fin. limb/fin segment uberon UBERON:0010538 paired limb/fin segment The subdivision of the skeleton that consists of all the skeletal elements at the distalmost end of the autopodium - i.e. the bones of the digits or their cartilaginous precursors[VSAO,modified]. FMA:231315 VSAO:0005028 acropodial skeleton acropodium skeleton set of phalanges skeletal parts of acropodial region uberon acropodium digital skeleton digits skeleton phalangeal skeleton skeletal parts of acropodium skeleton of digits UBERON:0010543 acropodial skeleton Subdivision of skeleton that corresponds to metapodium region, between acropodial skeleton and mesopdoial skeleton. Endochondral bone complex located between the mesopodium and the acropodium and consisting of the metacarpals or metatarsals.[VSAO] relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO] relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: distally_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO] VSAO:0005025 metacarpal/metatarsal skeleton metapodial skeleton metapodium skeleton skeletal parts of metapodium skeleton of metapodium uberon metapodium UBERON:0010546 metapodial skeleton EMAPA:32720 uberon UBERON:0010700 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation EMAPA:32721 uberon UBERON:0010701 phalanx cartilage element Mesenchyme of the digit region. EMAPA:32719 uberon digital ray UBERON:0010702 digit mesenchyme An organism subdivision that includes both an appendage and its accociated girdle region. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). It is still called a complex when one of the two parts is missing (?) There are fossil fishes with only an outgrowth (no record of a girdle), including thelodonts (which have a suprabranchial fin) as well as some anaspids which have a distinctive 'paired fin' (with differing published assertions on whether it's homologous to a pec fin or pelvic fin or both or neither). There are many fishes and other vertebrates with only a girdle and no outgrowth.[VSAO] Anatomical group that consists of the soft and skeletal tissues of the appendicular region of the body and the appendage proper.[VSAO] It is still called a complex when one of the two parts is missing (?) There are fossil fishes with only an outgrowth (no record of a girdle), including thelodonts (which have a suprabranchial fin) as well as some anaspids which have a distinctive 'paired fin' (with differing published assertions on whether it's homologous to a pec fin or pelvic fin or both or neither). There are many fishes and other vertebrates with only a girdle and no outgrowth.[VSAO] note that the FMA uses the term 'limb' to refer to the entire appendage complex (free limb plus girdle region) haendel 2012-04-23T10:46:51Z FMA:7182 VSAO:0000214 appendage complex appendage-girdle complex appendage/girdle complex girdle plus limb or fin uberon limb UBERON:0010707 appendage girdle complex Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pelvic appendicular skeleton and the pelvic girdle. Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pelvic appendage and the pelvic girdle.[VSAO] note that the FMA uses the terms 'upper limb' and 'lower limb' to refer to the entire appendage complex (free limb plus girdle region). Note the MA class 'hindlimb' may also belong here FMA:7184 VSAO:0000215 pelvic appendage/girdle complex pelvic girdle plus pelvic limb or fin pelvic girdle plus posterior limb or fin uberon lower limb lower limb and pelvic girdle lower limb and pelvis UBERON:0010709 pelvic complex Skeletal subdivision that is a segment of the limb skeleton. note the distinction between this and skeleton of limb VSAO:0005018 uberon UBERON:0010712 limb skeleton subdivision The collection of all skeletal elements in a single paired fin. Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins).[TAO] Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins).[VSAO] TAO:0000027 VSAO:0000169 ZFA:0000027 uberon UBERON:0010713 paired fin skeleton The subdivision of the skeleton of either the pectoral or pelvic girdle. Skeletal subdivision that is part of the appendage girdle region.[VSAO] relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: part_of subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO] relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: proximally_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO] AAO:0010686 VSAO:0000302 skeleton of girdle uberon UBERON:0010719 girdle skeleton A bone that is part of an appendage girdle complex (i.e. any bone in a limb, fin or girdle). EMAPA:35494 MA:0000688 uberon bone of extended limb/fin region limb bone UBERON:0010740 bone of appendage girdle complex The collection of all meningeal layers that line a central nervous system. meningeal In some primitive organisms, the meningeal cluster includes only the primitive meninx EHDAA2:0004661 EMAPA:32660 FMA:231572 cerebral meninges cluster of meninges meninges uberon UBERON:0010743 meningeal cluster A major subdivision of an organism that divides an organism along an axis perpedicular to the main body anterior-posterior axis. In vertebrates, this is typically a fin or limb segment. In insects, this includes segments of appendages such as antennae, as well as segments of the insect leg. FBbt:00007018 appendage segment appendicular segment uberon UBERON:0010758 subdivision of organism along appendicular axis A skeletal element that is part of a limb and composed of cartilage tissue. uberon UBERON:0010881 limb cartilage element A skeletal element that is part of a limb and composed of pre-cartilage tissue. uberon UBERON:0010882 limb bone pre-cartilage condensation Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements (i.e. bone elements, cartilage elements, cartilage condensations) that are part of an individual subdivision of the organism. Excludes joints. Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements that are part of the skeleton.[VSAO] FMA:23879 VSAO:0000042 skeletal subdivision uberon subdivision of skeleton (in vivo) UBERON:0010912 subdivision of skeleton Joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by ligaments or fibrocartilage without an intervening synovial cavity. Examples: sagittal suture, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis, costochondral joint, pubic symphysis. FMA:7491 solid joint uberon UBERON:0011134 nonsynovial joint Subdivision of the skeletal system which consists of the axial skeleton plus associated joints. FMA:7483 uberon UBERON:0011137 axial skeletal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/docs/The-axial-skeleton Subdivision of the skeletal system which consists of the post-cranial axial skeleton plus associated joints. axial skeletal system FMA:302077 uberon UBERON:0011138 post-cranial axial skeletal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/docs/The-axial-skeleton Any synovial joint that is part of a (free) limb. FMA:258776 synovial joint of free limb segment uberon UBERON:0011139 Most limb joints are synovial, but a few such as the tibiofibular joints are syndesmoses. synovial limb joint Subdivision of urinary system which consists of the kidney and the ureters. FMA:45658 galen:UpperUrinaryTract uberon UBERON:0011143 upper urinary tract Subdivision of skull that consists of the facial bones. EHDAA2:0002206 EHDAA:8361 EMAPA:18022 FMA:53673 MA:0000318 facial skeleton uberon facial bone ossa facialia ossa faciei viscerocranium UBERON:0011156 facial skeleton The skull can be divided into two: the neurocranium and the facial skeleton FMA:54964 skull subdivision subdivision of skull uberon UBERON:0011158 primary subdivision of skull uberon UBERON:0011159 primary subdivision of cranial skeletal system A sphincter muscle that is part of the gastrointestinal system UMLS:C1517464 uberon UBERON:0011185 gastrointestinal sphincter A multi cell part structure that is part of a central nervous system. FMA:83143 cell part cluster of neuraxis neuraxis layer uberon UBERON:0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster A subdivision of an anatomical system. FBbt:00007330 FMA:67509 uberon UBERON:0011216 organ system subdivision Muscles within the eye (bulbus oculi).[AAO] AAO:0010038 EMAPA:18808 FMA:49150 intrinsic muscle of eyeball intrinsic ocular muscle uberon UBERON:0011222 intra-ocular muscle Subdivision of the skeletal system which consists of the appendicular skeleton plus associated joints. Skeletal system which consists of the appendicular skeleton plus associated joints.[VSAO] FMA:7484 VHOG:0001666 VSAO:0000306 uberon UBERON:0011249 appendicular skeletal system https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Appendages-and-the-appendicular-skeleton A bone that is part of a autopod region. Note that this incudes the carpal and tarsal bones. https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Skeleton-partonomy-Design-Pattern uberon UBERON:0011250 autopod bone compare with 'stratum basale of epidermis'. This class is the source for many adult structures - see WP2062. See also: 'enveloping layer of ectoderm' EHDAA2:0001845 uberon basal cell layer of skin outer epithelium of body UBERON:0011272 embryonic skin basal layer The collection of all skeletal elements in an individual limb or fin. Skeletal subdivision that is part of the paired limb/fin.[VSAO] VSAO:0000301 limb/fin skeleton skeletal parts of limb/fin skeleton of limb/fin uberon UBERON:0011582 paired limb/fin skeleton Proximal element of a free limb skeleton consisting of the femur and humerus in the forelimb stylopodium and hindlimb stylopodium respectively[VSAO, modified]. Proximal element of the limb skeleton consisting of the femur and humerus in the forelimb stylopodium and hindlimb stylopodium respectively.[VSAO] propodial stylopodial VSAO:0005007 stylopodium skeleton uberon mesomere 1 propodial skeleton propodium proximal metapterygial mesomere stylopod stylopodium UBERON:0011583 stylopodial skeleton Section of the forelimb skeleton located between the stylopodium and the autopodium. zeugopodial zygopodial VSAO:0005010 epipodial skeleton skeleton of zeugopod zeugopod skeleton uberon epipodium mesomere 2 mesomere 2 skeleton zygopodium UBERON:0011584 zeugopodial skeleton Anatomical structure that is an aggregation of similar cells from which cartilages and bones form, and from which chondrogenesis and osteogenesis are initiated during repair and/or regeneration. (Hall and Miyake 1995). consider obsoleting, coordinate with VSAO VSAO:0000006 XAO:0004021 uberon UBERON:0011585 cell condensation A subdivision of the head that corresponds to the jaw skeleton, containing both soft tissue, skeleton and teeth (when present). The jaw region is divided into upper and lower regions. EMAPA:32905 uberon UBERON:0011595 jaw region http://eol.org/collections/11578 A major subdivision of an organism that divides an organism along its main body axis (typically anterio-posterior axis). In vertebrates, this is based on the vertebral column. Ideally this would be disjoint with analagous class for appendicular axes, but currently 'appendages' like antennae, horns cause a problem axial subdivision of organism uberon body segment main body segment UBERON:0011676 subdivision of organism along main body axis A cardiovascular system that is part of a conceptus. EHDAA2:0000216 FMA:305965 conceptus cardiovascular system uberon embryonic circulatory system fetal circulatory system UBERON:0011695 embryonic cardiovascular system EMAPA:35903 MA:0003179 uberon valve leaflet UBERON:0011741 cardiac valve leaflet A cranial nerve nucleus that is associated with a vagus nerve. FMA:54573 nucleus of Xth nerve nucleus of vagal X nerve nucleus of vagal nerve nucleus of vagus nerve tenth cranial nerve nucleus vagal X nucleus vagal nucleus vagus nucleus uberon nodosal nucleus UBERON:0011775 vagus nerve nucleus A nerve that is part of a head. uberon cephalic nerve head nerve UBERON:0011779 nerve of head region Ectodermal placode that does not develop into a component of the nervous system. uberon UBERON:0011814 non-neurogenic ectodermal placode An anatomical junction that divides and overlaps with and atrium and a ventricle in the heart. EHDAA2:0004149 FMA:85125 uberon atrial ventricular junction atrioventricular junction UBERON:0011820 atrioventricular region Connective tissue, which consists of a population of connective tissue cells, the intercellular matrix of which contains an irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: areolar tissue, mucoid tissue, connective tissue of peritoneum, connective tissue of fibrous pericardium. FMA:20107 uberon UBERON:0011821 irregular connective tissue Irregular connective tissue is an irregular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which contains a dense irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: connective tissue of peritoneum, connective tissue of fibrous pericardium. Tissue characterized by a thick, random arrangement of collagen and elastin fibers with very few cells. The majority of the cells are fibroblasts, but mast cells and macrophages may also be seen. It is found in the dermis, periosteum, perichondrium, capsules of organs and sheaths of nerves and muscles[NCIT] FMA:20109 UMLS:C0738366 irregular dense connective tissue typus irregularis (textus connectivus collagenosus compactus) uberon UBERON:0011822 dense irregular connective tissue Dense connective tissue is mainly composed of collagen type I. Crowded between the collagen fibers are rows of fibroblasts, fiber-forming cells, that manufacture the fibers. Dense connective tissue forms strong, rope-like structures such as tendons and ligaments. Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bones; ligaments connect bones to bones at joints. Ligaments are more stretchy and contain more elastic fibers than tendons. Dense connective tissue also make up the lower layers of the skin (dermis), where it is arranged in sheets our OWL definition states that this is differentiated from other connective tissue types by virtue of the fact that the collage fiber component predominates, as opposed to cells and fluid. Connective tissue in which the fibrous component predominates. The cells, ground substance, and tissue fluid represent a minor component[NCIT] AAO:0000121 UMLS:C1511770 uberon UBERON:0011823 dense connective tissue FMA:75634 uberon UBERON:0011824 fibrous connective tissue Irregular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which contains a sparse irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: areolar tissue, neuroglial tissue, mucoid tissue. FMA:19783 UMLS:C1253917 textus connectivus collagenosus laxus textus connectivus laxus uberon UBERON:0011825 loose connective tissue An acinus that is part of a exocrine gland. exocrine gland acinus uberon UBERON:0011858 acinus of exocrine gland the FMA class specifically refers to ureter FMA:63212 MESH:D024022 NIF_Subcellular:sao7547390221 uberon UBERON:0011860 collection of collagen fibrils Front (ventral) portion of the vascular, pigmentary, or middle coat of the eye, including the ciliary body and the iris. Haller tunica vascula anterior part of uveal tract anterior uveal tract anterior vascular layer of the eyeball anterior vascular tunic of the eye tunica vasculosa bulbosa ventral uveal tract uberon ciliary body and iris vasculosa oculi UBERON:0011892 anterior uvea Epimysium is a layer of connective tissue which ensheaths the entire muscle. It is composed of dense irregular connective tissue. It is continuous with fascia and other connective tissue wrappings of muscle including the endomysium, and perimysium. It is also continuous with tendons where it becomes thicker and collagenous. The Epimysium also protects muscles from friction against other muscles and bones FMA:9726 UMLS:C0504096 fascia of muscle organ uberon epimysia UBERON:0011899 epimysium A region of the stomach that is lined with glandular epithelium. as currently defined, this would include the cardiac antrum; however, the intent may be to exclude the cardiac glands and in mice for this to be part of the region distal to the margo plicatus EMAPA:17623 MA:0001613 UMLS:C0227197 uberon glandular stomach UBERON:0011953 stomach glandular region The aggregate of the coelemic cavity lumen plus the membranes that line the lumen. EHDAA2 distingsuishes between the lumen, the lining, and the 'coelomic cavity', which despire it's name, is not a space - it is the aggregate of space plus lining. coelomic EHDAA2:0004731 enterocoelom haemocoelom schizocoelom uberon coelem coelomic cavity UBERON:0011997 coelom FMA:62811 uberon UBERON:0012069 epithelium-associated lymphoid tissue The period spanning the range immediately before and after birth In birds, the paranatal stage starts when the beak penetrates into the air pocket (air cell) between the inner and outer shell membranes paranatal stage uberon UBERON:0012101 perinatal stage A salivary gland that is part of a cheek. FMA:59793 uberon UBERON:0012102 buccal salivary gland uberon UBERON:0012139 segment of autopod A segment of the autopod consisting of both acropodial region and metapodial region, but excluding the mesopodial/basopodial region. some sources call this the acropodium. see https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Subdivisions-of-the-autopod uberon acropodium (Wagner) UBERON:0012140 digitopodium region https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Subdivisions-of-the-autopod A subdivision of the autopod skeleton consisting of both acropodial skeleon and metapodial skeleton, but excluding the mesopodial/basopodial skeleton. some sources call this the acropodium. see https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Subdivisions-of-the-autopod uberon digitopodium skeleton of digits UBERON:0012150 skeleton of digitopodium https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Subdivisions-of-the-autopod A zone of skin that is part of a craniocervical region. MA:0000574 UMLS:C1522650 uberon UBERON:0012180 head or neck skin An artery that originates from the abdominal aorta abdominal artery artery of abdomen uberon UBERON:0012254 abdominal aorta artery An epithelium that consists of columnar epithelial cells. Columnar epithelia are epithelial cells whose heights are at least four times their width. Columnar epithelia are divided into simple (or unilayered), and the rarer stratified (or multi-layered).[WP, modified] uberon UBERON:0012274 columnar epithelium Epithelium that derives from the mesoderm. [Automatically generated definition]. FMA:86452 mesoderm-derived epithelium mesoepithelium uberon UBERON:0012275 meso-epithelium EMAPA:35308 FMA:86488 MA:0002732 glandular part of endometrium uterine glands uterine glands set uberon UBERON:0012276 endometrium glandular epithelium One of the pair of mesenchymal swellings (folds) located on either side of the cloacal membrane during the indifferent stage of embryonic development; cranial to the cloacal membrane the folds unite to form the genital tubercle; caudally the folds are subdivided into urogenital folds anteriorly and anal folds posteriorly cloacal fold EHDAA2:0004009 uberon UBERON:0012292 We presume this is distinct from AAO:0001003, an external integumentary structure - check with amphibian anatomy ontology developers. AO notes: the text def states mesenchymal swelling, EHDAA2 splits into mesenchymal and epithelial parts embryonic cloacal fold One of five swellings formed during the development of the face FMA:293103 uberon embryonic facial process facial primordium primordium of face UBERON:0012314 embryonic facial prominence Skeletal subdivision consisting of all the skeletal elements in a single fin. skeleton of fin uberon UBERON:0012353 fin skeleton The segment of the autopod that is distal to the metapodial region and consists of the digits. class refers to an entire limb segment, not just the bones acropodial limb segment acropodial region acropodial segment of autopod set of digits uberon UBERON:0012354 acropodium region A bone that is part of a the digitopodium skeleton - i.e. the acropodial skeleton or the metapodial skeleton. uberon digit bone UBERON:0012357 digitopodium bone EHDAA2:0004588 uberon UBERON:0012361 internal anal region Blood-forming tissue, consisting of reticular fibers and cells. Also known as hemopoietic tissue Bone marrow in humans, kidney interstitium in Danio, within a stroma of reticuloendothelial tissue CALOHA:TS-2142 FMA:14073 UMLS:C0229619 haemopoietic tissue hematopoietic tissue textus haemopoieticus bone marrow tissue uberon UBERON:0012429 hemopoietic tissue The sclera and cornea form the fibrous tunic of the bulb of the eye; the sclera is opaque, and constitutes the posterior five-sixths of the tunic; the cornea is transparent, and forms the anterior sixth. tunica fibrosa FMA:58102 fibrous layer of eyeball uberon corneosclera fibrous tunic UBERON:0012430 tunica fibrosa of eyeball EHDAA2:0004589 uberon UBERON:0012469 external anal region The collection of all skeletal elements in a pelvic complex - i.e. the combination of free limb or fin plus pelvic girdle. FMA:24140 uberon bones of lower limb lower limb skeleton ossa membri inferioris pelvic complex skeleton set of bones of lower limb skeleton of posterior limb/fin and girdle UBERON:0012476 skeleton of pelvic complex An epithelium that is part of a cloaca. cloacal epithelium (cle) (syn: cloacal endoderm) (TS17-TS20): the cloacal epithelium is derived from endoderm and lines the cloacal cavity. It is marked by Shh and Cdh1 and lines the cloacal lumen. The cloacal epithelium gives rise to the urogenital sinus epithelium, hindgut epithelium and the urethral plate epithelium. EMAPA:27577 EMAPA:27640 EMAPA:36070 ZFA:0005783 uberon cloacal endoderm UBERON:0012481 cloacal epithelium Any vein within the general circulation that transports blood back to the right atrium of the heart. FMA:66644 UMLS:C0447117 systemic venous tree organ part uberon UBERON:0013140 systemic vein TODO - resolve space vs structure inconsistency; consider adding all secondary vesicles (e.g. diencephalic; my/metencephalic. See http://www.dartmouth.edu/~rswenson/NeuroSci/chapter_4.html). Note that some sources may treat the term vesicle as the progenitor of the whole brain region; for example 'The retina develops directly from the neural tube as an outpouching from the diencephalic vesicle' early brain vesicle primitive brain vesicle primary brain vesicle secondary brain vesicle uberon brain vesicle UBERON:0013150 future brain vesicle The secretory unit of a serous gland. The acinar portion is composed of serous secreting cells. FMA:86279 acinus of serous gland uberon UBERON:0013232 serous acinus The precursor of the urethra In humans, the urethral groove is a temporary linear indentation on the underside (ventral side) of the male penis during embryonic development. It typically appears around 8 weeks of gestation and becomes closed into a normal male urethra by the 12th week sulcus urethralis primarius urethral groove urethral sulcus uberon UBERON:0013241 embryonic urethral groove The space that surrounds an organism. external to organism outside of body uberon UBERON:0013514 space surrounding organism A section through the tube or network of tubes that connects the ovaries to the outside of the body. FMA class may only represent the uterine portion FMA:18302 subdivision of oviduct subdivision of uterine tube uterine tube zone zone of uterine tube subdivision of fallopian tube uberon UBERON:0013515 subdivision of oviduct uberon UBERON:0013522 subdivision of tube 2 2 An anatomical space which is the lumen of some anatomical conduit and connects two or more spaces together[FMA,modified]. FMA:9338 foramen space uberon UBERON:0013686 anatomical conduit space A principle subdivision of an organism that includes all structures along the primary axis, typically the anterior-posterior axis, from head to tail, including structures of the body proper where present (for example, ribs), but excluding appendages. uberon UBERON:0013701 main body axis The region of the organism associated with the visceral organs. Cardinal body part, which consists of a maximal set of diverse subclasses of organ and organ part spatially associated with the vertebral column and ribcage. Examples: There is only one body proper[FMA:231424]. AEO:0000103 BTO:0001489 EMAPA:36031 FMA:231424 uberon body whole body UBERON:0013702 body proper Anatomical projection that is part of the integumentl system. skin projection uberon UBERON:0013703 integumentary projection A organ component layer that is part of a integumental system. layer of skin skin layer uberon UBERON:0013754 integumentary system layer A blood that is part of a vein. FMA:83067 blood in vein portion of venous blood venous blood uberon UBERON:0013756 venous blood Any of the organs or elements that are part of the digestive system. Examples: tongue, esophagus, spleen, crop, lunge feeding organ, tooth elements. digestive organ digestive system organ uberon UBERON:0013765 digestive system element Great vessels is a term used to refer collectively to the large vessels that bring blood to and from the heart. great vessel EMAPA:36460 great vessel of thorax uberon UBERON:0013768 Groupings may vary - typically pulmonary vessels and aorta and vena cavae great vessel of heart Embryonic structure that gives rise to the telencephalon. EHDAA2:0004424 EMAPA:36024 TAO:0000571 ZFA:0000571 presumptive telencephalon uberon UBERON:0014371 paired anteriolateral division of the embryonic prosencephalon plus the lamina terminalis from which the olfactory lobes, cerebral cortex, and subcortical nuclei are derived[MP] future telencephalon Mesenchyme that develops_from the neural crest[Automatically generated definition]. EMAPA:32735 FMA:293883 mesenchyme from neural crest neural crest derived mesenchyme neural crest mesenchyme uberon UBERON:0014387 mesenchyme derived from neural crest Subdivision of skeletal system that consists of all skeletal elements in the thoracic region of the trunk. In most vertebrates this is the rib cage and sternum. EHDAA2:0002013 FMA:77169 skeleton of thorax thoracic part of axial skeleton thoracic skeleton uberon UBERON:0014477 thoracic skeleton A duct that is located between lobules, within the thin connective tissue septa that separate lobules. All interlobular ducts are excretory. uberon UBERON:0014716 interlobular duct A duct that is located within a lobule, with no more connective tissue intervening between ducts and secretory units (i.e., acini or tubules) than between adjacent secretory units. Intercalated and striated ducts are intralobular uberon intralobular ductule UBERON:0014719 intralobular duct Chorda tendinea which is attached to the leaflet of mitral valve and is continuous with the endocardium of papillary muscle of left ventricle. FMA:9349 uberon UBERON:0014851 chorda tendinea of left ventricle A muscle organ that consists of skeletal muscle tissue ensheathed in epimysium, that develops from myotome and that is innervated by some somatic motor neuron. Skeletal muscles are typically attached (via a tendon) to a bone but there are exceptions (e.g. intrinsic tongue muscles). skeletal muscle AAO:0011099 BTO:0001103 CALOHA:TS-0933 EFO:0000888 EHDAA:5035 EHDAA:5043 EHDAA:5978 EHDAA:5984 EMAPA:35988 EV:0100377 GAID:141 MA:0003148 MAT:0000302 MESH:D018482 MIAA:0000302 OpenCyc:Mx4rv2kf-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA TAO:0005277 VHOG:0000319 XAO:0000174 ZFA:0005277 uberon UBERON:0014892 skeletal muscle organ A portion of tissue that will develop into vasculature. EFO:0003708 TAO:0005076 ZFA:0005076 uberon UBERON:0014903 primordial vasculature A phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. phalanx skeletal element phalanx element uberon UBERON:0015023 phalanx endochondral element A limb bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. limb bone skeletal element limb bone endochondral element uberon UBERON:0015061 limb endochondral element A endochondral element that is part of a autopod region. uberon UBERON:0015063 autopod endochondral element A autopod endochondral element that is composed primarily of a cartilage tissue. uberon UBERON:0015064 autopod cartilage Any structure that is placed on one side of the left-right axis of a bilaterian. This class is primarily to implement taxon constraints. It may be removed in the future. uberon UBERON:0015212 lateral structure A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, contributes to the circulation of lymph, blood or analogs. Examples: a chambered vertebrate heart; the tubular peristaltic heart of ascidians; the dorsal vessel of an insect; the lymoh heart of a reptile. heart SPD:0000130 cardiac pump heart or heart like organ circulatory vessel uberon cardiac structure UBERON:0015228 circulatory organ MA:0002449 heart/pericardium uberon UBERON:0015410 heart plus pericardium FMA:62798 portion of heterogeneous tissue uberon UBERON:0015757 heterogeneous tissue A epithelium that is part of a camera-type eye. EMAPA:35957 MA:0003162 uberon UBERON:0015808 eye epithelium A epithelium that is part of a foregut. EMAPA:32922 MA:0003204 uberon UBERON:0015833 foregut epithelium Subdivision of telencephalon which is one of a number of subdivisions of each hemisphere separated by both real landmarks (sulci and fissures) and arbitrary boundaries[FMA,modified]. UBERON:0000322 BTO:0000445 FMA:61823 cerebral hemisphere lobe cerebral lobe lobe of cerebral cortex lobe parts of cerebral cortex lobi cerebri uberon cerebral cortical segment lobes of the brain regional organ part of cerebral cortex segment of cerebral cortex UBERON:0016526 We use the term lobe broadly as a rough regional area, encompassing homologous regions in smooth-brained mammals. We subdivide the lobes into white matter and neocortical parts. lobe of cerebral hemisphere An roughly circular indentation in a surface. AEO:0000204 uberon UBERON:0016566 pit Primordium that develops into the central nervous system UBERON:3000469 future CNS presumptive central nervous system uberon UBERON:0016879 future central nervous system Primordium that develops into the nervous system UBERON:3000477 AAO:0000477 presumptive nervous system uberon UBERON:0016880 future nervous system The part of the conceptus that may be lost before birth or will be discarded at birth, or when the embryo becomes an independent organism. AEO:0000195 EHDAA2:0000003 EMAPA:16042 extra-embryonic component extraembryonic component uberon UBERON:0016887 entire extraembryonic component An embryonic anatomical entity that will turn into one or more other anatomical entities, perhaps with other anatomical entities, later in development. AEO:0000132 uberon UBERON:0016888 transitional anatomical structure A mesenchyme-derived anatomical entity undergoing a transtion to become another structure. AEO:0001016 uberon UBERON:0017650 developing mesenchymal structure A viscus that is part of a abdomen. FMA:32413 FMA:67355 abdominal viscera abdominal viscera set set of abdominal viscera uberon UBERON:0017672 abdominal viscera Added for consistency with MA EMAPA and EHDAA2. See https://github.com/obophenotype/mouse-anatomy-ontology/issues/104 EHDAA2:0001842 EMAPA:35578 MA:0000165 uberon UBERON:0018254 skeletal musculature Any organ component layer that consists of muscle tissue. NCITA class may refer to smooth muscle only FMA:45634 uberon UBERON:0018260 layer of muscle tissue An interconnected tubular multi-tissue structure that contains fluid that is actively transported around the heart. FMA:73747 ZFA:0005811 cardiac vasculature uberon UBERON:0018674 heart vasculature A mammalian developmental stage that covers the period from birth until weaning. suckling stage uberon UBERON:0018685 nursing stage A membranous sac in animals that serves as the receptacle of a liquid or contains gas. BTO:0000123 bladder uberon UBERON:0018707 bladder organ BTO:0002439 genital mucosa uberon UBERON:0019042 reproductive system mucosa The part of the eye that consists of both the retina and the optic choroid chorioretina choroid and retina retinachoroid retinachoroidal region uberon UBERON:0019207 chorioretinal region EMAPA:35952 MA:0003174 uberon UBERON:0019304 sensory organ epithelium FMA:58315 uberon surface of region of wall of eyeball UBERON:0022288 surface of eyeball Single layer of a laminar structure, identified by different density, arrangement or size of cells and processes arranged in flattened layers or lamina[CUMBO]. this is currently used to group some cellular layers that may not strictly conform to the CARO definition of cell-part layer. Consider genericisizing and introducing subtypes for cellular layer, fibrous layer and cell soma layer lamina layer uberon UBERON:0022303 nervous system cell part layer Serous membrane layer that is adjacent to and lines an organ. FMA:15860 visceral wall of serous membrane uberon UBERON:0022350 visceral serous membrane Serous membrane layer that lines to a body cavity. cavity lining FMA:15859 MA:0002448 parietal wall of serous membrane uberon UBERON:0022351 parietal serous membrane An embryonic or larval epithelium that is committed to form part of the nervous system. neurepithelium AEO:0001008 BTO:0000314 EHDAA2_RETIRED:0004654 FMA:64807 embryonic neuroepithelium neuroepithelium uberon UBERON:0034705 developing neuroepithelium An epithelium that is undergoing proliferation to provide large numbers of neuronal cells. AEO:0001009 uberon UBERON:0034706 proliferating neuroepithelium A neuroepithelium some of whose cells are undergoing terminal differentiation to become neuronal cells. AEO:0001010 uberon UBERON:0034707 differentiating neuroepithelium Any of the cranial nerves, or their central nervous system analogs (the optic tract, the epiphyseal tract). These analogs are not true nerves, and are instead evaginated sensory afferents emanating from the brain uberon cranial nerve fiber bundle cranial nerve fiber tract cranial nerve or tract neuron projection bundle from brain UBERON:0034713 cranial neuron projection bundle A part of an organism or organ that is continuous with its surroundings and distinguished from its surroundings based on morphology. uberon UBERON:0034768 morphological feature FMA:79770 uberon UBERON:0034769 lymphomyeloid tissue Any substance in the body or expelled from the body that is in a gaseous state. FMA:84580 gas in anatomical space portion of gas in anatomical space uberon UBERON:0034873 bodily gas Any portion of gas located in a part of the respiratory system that is composed primarily of air. FMA:84581 respiratory air respiratory system air uberon UBERON:0034874 air in respiratory system the area of axial mesoderm that develops into the prechordal plate prechordal mesenchyme uberon UBERON:0034878 prechordal mesoderm Nursing stage that follows the neonate stage in mammals and ends at weaning. uberon UBERON:0034920 infant stage An multicellular anatomical structure that has subparts of multiple organs as a part. CARO:0020001 uberon anatomical cluster UBERON:0034921 multi organ part structure A cluster of cells, largely surrounded by a morphological boundary. CARO:0020002 FMA:62807 uberon UBERON:0034922 cell cluster A collection of anatomical structures that are alike in terms of their morphology or developmental origin. resolve if this should be a subclass of disconnected anatomical group. Some collections (e.g. the skeleton or skull) are arguably connected uberon UBERON:0034925 anatomical collection A region or zone on the surface of an organism that encompasses skin and any adnexa, down through muscles and bounded by underlying skeletal support structures. uberon UBERON:0034929 external soft tissue zone The epithelial layer covering the biliary system. This includes the epithelium of the gallbladder (when present) as well as the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. BTO:0001513 biliary system epithelium uberon biliary epithelium biliary tract epithelium UBERON:0034932 epithelium of biliary system FMA:55268 organ sector organ zonal region organ zone uberon organ region with floating fiat boundary UBERON:0034944 zone of organ Any portion of gas located in a part of the respiratory system. respiratory gas respiratory system gas uberon UBERON:0034947 gas in respiratory system uberon duct epithelium ductal epithelium UBERON:0034969 epithelial layer of duct uberon UBERON:0035050 excretory duct Any chamber of the left side of the heart FMA:7166 uberon UBERON:0035553 left cardiac chamber Any chamber of the right side of the heart FMA:7165 uberon UBERON:0035554 right cardiac chamber Any nerve that innervates the larynx. MESH:A08.800.050.050.925.450 uberon UBERON:0035642 laryngeal nerve The primordial mouth region of the developing head. FMA:293105 primitive mouth primordial mouth uberon UBERON:0035804 future mouth FMA:12241 uberon UBERON:0035809 serous cavity The part of the ventral body cavity that is within the abdominal segment of the trunk, which encompasses the abdomen proper plus pelvic cavity. FMA:12267 cavitas abdominis et pelvis uberon UBERON:0035819 abdominopelvic cavity A serous sac that is the aggregate of the peritoneum and the peritoneal cavity, located in the abdominal cavity. EMAPA:16137 FMA:9908 MA:0000054 uberon peritoneal component UBERON:0035820 peritoneal sac Non neural ectoderm that surrounds the presumptive neural plate and gives rise to neurogenic placodes. This class was sourced from an external ontology (teleost_anatomy). Its definitions, naming conventions and relationships may need to be checked for compatibility with uberon teleost_anatomy_curators ZFA:0007013 uberon/phenoscape-anatomy preplacodal ectoderm Structures of the dermis, epidermis, glands and pigment cells recognizable on the external surfaces of the integument. This class was sourced from an external ontology (amphibian_anatomy). Its definitions, naming conventions and relationships may need to be checked for compatibility with uberon amphibian_anatomy_curators uberon/phenoscape-anatomy external integument structure A subdivision of the autopod consisting of digit plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. this class represents a series of phalanges plus a metapodial element plus associated soft tissues. Instances of this class typically do not form a distinct unit. digit digit ( phalanges plus metapodial) plus soft tissue digit digitopodial subdivision digit ray uberon UBERON:5002544 digit plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of a single digit plus the associated metapodial element. this class represents a series of phalanges plus a metapodial element. In comparative anatomy terminology we would call this a 'digit', but the label 'digit' is sometimes used to exclude metapodials and to include soft tissue. This series of elements is hypothesized to be homologous to radials. uberon digit digit skeleton UBERON:5102544 individual digit of digitopodial skeleton A vaccine is a processed material with the function that when administered, it prevents or ameliorates a disorder in a target organism by inducing or modifying adaptive immune responses specific to the antigens in the vaccine. vaccine a medical intervention that involves in adding vaccine into a host (e.g., human, mouse) in vivo with the intent to invoke an adaptive immune response. vaccination Afluria FluLaval FluMist a medical intervention site that is used for injection of a substance. YH, SS, ZX injection site A viral vaccine that protects against infection with influenza virus. Influenza virus vaccine obsolete class ready for release pending final vetting axiom holds for all times has_specified_input PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg 8/17/09: specified inputs of one process are not necessarily specified inputs of a larger process that it is part of. This is in contrast to how 'has participant' works. see is_input_of example_of_usage PERSON: Melanie Coutot PERSON: Larry Hunter has_specified_input A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process that is not created during the process. The presence of the continuant during the process is explicitly specified in the plan specification which the process realizes the concretization of. has_specified_input PERSON: Bjoern Peters has_specified_input has_specified_output PERSON: Melanie Courtot PERSON: Bjoern Peters A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process. The presence of the continuant at the end of the process is explicitly specified in the objective specification which the process realizes the concretization of. has_specified_output PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg has_specified_output has_specified_output PERSON: Larry Hunter male prostate BTO:0001129 FMA:9600 VHOG:0001261 MESH:D011467 MA:0000404 EFO:0000858 uberon UMLS:C0033572 prostate prostata The prostate gland is a partly muscular, partly glandular body that is situated near the base of the mammalian male urethra and secretes an alkaline viscid fluid which is a major constituent of the ejaculatory fluid. prostatic EMAPA:19287 MAT:0000078 CALOHA:TS-0828 galen:ProstateGland MIAA:0000078 TODO - FMA treats the gland as part of the prostate - see also FMA:74119. OpenCyc:Mx4rv6trqZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA prostate gland GAID:392 EV:0100104 UBERON:0002367