]> 2019-01-12 A biomedical ontology in the domain of drug adverse events Edison Ong Hong Yu Noemi Garg ODAE is a biomedical ontology in the area of drug adverse events. It is developed by following OBO Foundry principles (e.g., openness, collaboration). ODAE: Ontology of Drug Adverse Events OWL-DL Solomiya Nysak Vision Release: 1.0.08 Yongqun "Oliver" He BFO OWL specification label BFO OWL specification label Really of interest to developers only Relates an entity in the ontology to the name of the variable that is used to represent it in the code that generates the BFO OWL file from the lispy specification. BFO CLIF specification label BFO CLIF specification label Person:Alan Ruttenberg Really of interest to developers only Relates an entity in the ontology to the term that is used to represent it in the the CLIF specification of BFO2 has_RxCUI editor preferred term editor preferred term~editor preferred label editor preferred label editor preferred term editor preferred term~editor preferred label GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> PERSON:Daniel Schober The concise, meaningful, and human-friendly name for a class or property preferred by the ontology developers. (US-English) editor preferred term example of usage example of usage A phrase describing how a class name should be used. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding of a class semantics, such as widely known prototypical subclasses or instances of the class. Although essential for high level terms, examples for low level terms (e.g., Affymetrix HU133 array) are not GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> PERSON:Daniel Schober example of usage has curation status has curation status OBI_0000281 PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Bill Bug PERSON:Melanie Courtot has curation status definition textual definition definition definition DEFINITION English language definitions of what NCI means by the concept. These are limited to 1024 characters. They may also include information about the definition's source and attribution in a form that can easily be interpreted by software. definition GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> PERSON:Daniel Schober The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. definition editor note editor note editor note 1 IAO:0000116 editor_note editor_note uberon An administrative note intended for its editor. It may not be included in the publication version of the ontology, so it should contain nothing necessary for end users to understand the ontology. GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obfoundry.org/obo/obi> PERSON:Daniel Schober editor note term editor definition editor term editor 20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See http://code.google.com/p/information-artifact-ontology/issues/detail?id=115. GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people PERSON:Daniel Schober term editor alternative term alternative term An alternative name for a class or property which means the same thing as the preferred name (semantically equivalent) GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> PERSON:Daniel Schober alternative term definition source definition source Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> PERSON:Daniel Schober definition source formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007 curator notes curator note curator note 1 IAO:0000232 curator_notes curator_notes uberon An administrative note of use for a curator but of no use for a user PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg curator note imported from imported from For external terms/classes, the ontology from which the term was imported GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Melanie Courtot imported from expand expression to expand assertion to OBO foundry unique label elucidation elucidation has associated axiom(nl) has associated axiom(nl) has associated axiom(fol) has associated axiom(fol) Has_NICHD_Parent Has_NICHD_Parent A property created to allow the source NICHD to assign a parent to each concept with the intent of creating a hierarchy that includes only terms in which they are the contributing source. A11 Conceptual Entity Has_NICHD_Parent code code code NHC0 true Semantic_Type Conceptual Entity Semantic Type Semantic_Type Semantic_Type P106 In general, applying semantic types aids in allowing users (or computer programs) to draw conclusions about concepts by virtue of the categories to which they have been assigned. We use a set of semantic types developed for the UMLS Metathesaurus. There are currently 134 semantic types in the UMLS. The semantic type describes the sort of thing or category to which a concept belongs in the context of the UMLS semantic network. Display_Name Display Name Display Name Provides an alternative Preferred Name for use in some NCI systems. Display_Name Display_Name Conceptual Entity P107 Preferred_Name Preferred Term Conceptual Entity The word or phrase that NCI uses by preference to refer to the concept. P108 Preferred Name Preferred Name Preferred_Name Preferred_Name UMLS_CUI P207 Concept Unique Identifiers, or CUIs, are concept numbers assigned by the National Library of Medicine (NLM). If a concept in any NCI-maintained knowledgebase exists in the NLM Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), NCI includes the NLM CUI among the information we provide about the concept. UMLS_CUI UMLS_CUI Conceptual Entity UMLS CUI Contributing_Source This property is used to indicate when a non-EVS entity has contributed to, and has a stake in, a concept. This is used where such entities, within or outside NCI, have indicated the need to be able to track their own concepts. A single concept can have multiple instances of this property if multiple entities have such a defined stake. Contributing Source Conceptual Entity Contributing_Source P322 Contributing_Source Legacy_Concept_Name A retired unique concept identifier created and stored as Concept Name by legacy EVS software. Use of these values was long discouraged, but continued as late as 2009 when creation of new values ceased and Concept Name was retired. Legacy values are intended solely to help resolve and update earlier coding. Legacy Concept Name Legacy Concept Name true Conceptual Entity P366 NICHD_Hierarchy_Term P371 NICHD NICHD_Hierarchy_Term NICHD_Hierarchy_Term Conceptual Entity DesignNote Conceptual Entity DesignNote DesignNote P98 Design notes are notations made by NCI vocabulary curators. They are intended to provide supplemental, unstructured information to the user or additional insight about the concept. DesignNote Chinese translation YH, JX a chinese translation represents a chinese translation of the existing term. adverse event outcome The AE 'cough AE' has the 'label of AE outcome' of 'cough'; 'infection AE' has the 'label of AE outcom' of 'infection'. an annotation property that represents the label of an adverse event label of adverse event outcome Yongqun Oliver He, Jiangan Hardy Xie has_meddra_id temporal interpretation https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime An assertion that holds between an OWL Object Property and a temporal interpretation that elucidates how OWL Class Axioms that use this property are to be interpreted in a temporal context. never in taxon x never in taxon T if and only if T is a class, and x does not instantiate the class expression "in taxon some T". Note that this is a shortcut relation, and should be used as a hasValue restriction in OWL. ?X DisjointWith RO_0002162 some ?Y Chris Mungall tooth SubClassOf 'never in taxon' value 'Aves' taxonomic class assertion An assertion that holds between an ontology class and an organism taxon class, which is intepreted to yield some relationship between instances of the ontology class and the taxon. dubious_for_taxon 1 1 RO:0002174 S dubious_for_taxon T if it is probably the case that no instances of S can be found in any instance of T. dubious_for_taxon dubious_for_taxon this relation lacks a strong logical interpretation, but can be used in place of never_in_taxon where it is desirable to state that the definition of the class is too strict for the taxon under consideration, but placing a never_in_taxon link would result in a chain of inconsistencies that will take time to resolve. Example: metencephalon in teleost uberon present_in_taxon 1 1 RO:0002175 S present_in_taxon T if some instance of T has some S. This does not means that all instances of T have an S - it may only be certain life stages or sexes that have S applicable for taxon present_in_taxon present_in_taxon uberon logical macro assertion https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/wiki/ShortcutRelations An assertion that involves at least one OWL object that is intended to be expanded into one or more logical axioms. The logical expansion can yield axioms expressed using any formal logical system, including, but not limited to OWL2-DL. logical macro assertion on a class A logical macro assertion whose domain is an IRI for a class The domain for this class can be considered to be owl:Class, but we cannot assert this in OWL2-DL logical macro assertion on a property A logical macro assertion whose domain is an IRI for a property logical macro assertion on an object property Used to annotate object properties to describe a logical meta-property or characteristic of the object property. logical macro assertion on an annotation property is direct form of Chris Mungall relation p is the direct form of relation q iff p is a subPropertyOf q, p does not have the Transitive characteristic, q does have the Transitive characteristic, and for all x, y: x q y -> exists z1, z2, ..., zn such that x p z1 ... z2n y If we have the annotation P is-direct-form-of Q, and we have inverses P' and Q', then it follows that P' is-direct-form-of Q' external_definition 1 An alternate textual definition for a class taken unmodified from an external source. This definition may have been used to derive a generalized definition for the new class. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000001 external_definition external_definition uberon axiom_lost_from_external_ontology 1 A textual description of an axiom loss in this ontology compared to an external ontology. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000002 axiom_lost_from_external_ontology axiom_lost_from_external_ontology uberon homology_notes 1 Notes on the homology status of this class. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000003 homology_notes homology_notes uberon external_comment 1 An alternate comment for a class taken unmodified from an external source. Note that obo format only allows a single comment for a class, and does not provide a structured means of adding provenance info. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000005 external_comment external_comment uberon implements_design_pattern 1 UBPROP:0000006 implements_design_pattern implements_design_pattern uberon has_relational_adjective 1 UBPROP:0000007 Used to connect a class to an adjectival form of its label. For example, a class with label 'intestine' may have a relational adjective 'intestinal'. has_relational_adjective has_relational_adjective uberon taxon_notes 1 Notes on the how instances of this class vary across species. UBPROP:0000008 taxon_notes taxon_notes uberon function_notes 1 Notes on the evolved function of instances of this class. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000009 function_notes function_notes uberon structure_notes 1 Notes on the structure, composition or histology of instances of this class. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000010 structure_notes structure_notes uberon development_notes 1 Notes on the ontogenic development of instances of this class. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000011 development_notes development_notes uberon external_ontology_notes 1 Notes on how similar or equivalent classes are represented in other ontologies. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000012 external_ontology_notes external_ontology_notes uberon terminology_notes 1 Notes on how lexical conventions regarding this class, in particular any issues that may arise due to homonyny or synonymy. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000013 terminology_notes terminology_notes uberon is count of 1 UBPROP:0000100 is_count_of is_count_of uberon preceding element is 1 A property used in conjunction with repeated_element_number to indicate an axis and directionality along that axis. If P preceding_element_is R, and P is_count_of S, and X P N, and X' P N+1, then it follows that every X R some X', and the class expression [S and R some X' and inv(R) some X] is empty (i.e. X is followed by X', with no intermediates) UBPROP:0000101 preceding_element_is preceding_element_is uberon pharyngeal arch number 1 UBPROP:0000103 gill arch N = PA N-2. the term branchial_arch is ambiguous. pharyngeal_arch_number pharyngeal_arch_number uberon x pharyngeal_arch_number N if and only if (i) x is a pharyngeal arch, and (ii) x is ancestrally pharyngeal arch number N in a series of pharyngeal arches repeated along a antero-posterior axis, with arch_number 1 being the mandibular arch. phalanx number 1 Most land mammals including humans have a 2-3-3-3-3 formula in both the hands (or paws) and feet. Primitive reptiles typically had the formula 2-3-4-4-5, and this pattern, with some modification, remained in many later reptiles and in the mammal-like reptiles. The phalangeal formula in the flippers of cetaceans (marine mammals) is 2-12-8-1 UBPROP:0000105 phalanx_number phalanx_number uberon x phalanx_number N if and only if (i) x is a phalanx, and (ii) x is phalanx number N in a series of phalanges repeated along an prixomo-distal axis, with phalanx_number 1 being the proximalmost phalanx. Note that in humans, the distalmost phalanx has phlanax_number 3, except in ray_number 1, where the distalmost has phalanx_number 2 fma_set_term 1 FMA has terms like 'set of X'. In general we do not include set-of terms in uberon, but provide a mapping between the singular form and the FMA set term UBPROP:0000202 fma_set_term fma_set_term uberon has_rank A metadata relation between a class and its taxonomic rank (eg species, family) ncbi_taxonomy contributor 1 dc-contributor dc-contributor uberon Source Source has_alternative_id has_alternative_id has_broad_synonym database_cross_reference database_cross_reference has exact synonym has_exact_synonym has_exact_synonym Fully qualified synonym, contains the string, term type, source, and an optional source code if appropriate. Each subfield is deliniated to facilitate interpretation by software. Synonym with Source Data FULL_SYN has_narrow_synonym has_narrow_synonym has_obo_namespace has_related_synonym has_related_synonym in subset in_subset in_subset Concept_In_Subset Used to associate the concept defining a particular terminology subset with concepts that belong to this subset. shorthand is defined by label depicted_by 1 foaf-depicted_by foaf-depicted_by uberon CI_ChemClass C26 CI_MoA C30 CI_PE C22 CI_with C36 effect_may_be_inhibited_by C52 has_Ingredient C24 has_MoA C28 has_PE C20 has_PK C32 induces C40 may_diagnose C42 may_prevent C38 may_treat C34 site_of_metabolism C50 part of part of BFO:0000050 part_of part_of uberon Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime a core relation that holds between a part and its whole http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:part_of is part of my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity) part_of this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood) has part has part BFO:0000051 has_part has_part uberon Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime a core relation that holds between a whole and its part has part has_part my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity) this year has part this day (occurrent parthood) realized in Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a realizable entity and a process, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process [copied from inverse property 'realizes'] to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003]) is realized by realized in realized_in this disease is realized in this disease course this fragility is realized in this shattering this investigator role is realized in this investigation realizes Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a process and a realizable entity, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process realizes this disease course realizes this disease this investigation realizes this investigator role this shattering realizes this fragility to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003]) preceded_by preceded by BFO:0000062 X preceded_by Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X) is preceded by preceded_by preceded_by takes place after uberon An example is: translation preceded_by transcription; aging preceded_by development (not however death preceded_by aging). Where derives_from links classes of continuants, preceded_by links classes of processes. Clearly, however, these two relations are not independent of each other. Thus if cells of type C1 derive_from cells of type C, then any cell division involving an instance of C1 in a given lineage is preceded_by cellular processes involving an instance of C. The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. Note that an assertion to the effect that P preceded_by P1 is rather weak; it tells us little about the relations between the underlying instances in virtue of which the preceded_by relation obtains. Typically we will be interested in stronger relations, for example in the relation immediately_preceded_by, or in relations which combine preceded_by with a condition to the effect that the corresponding instances of P and P1 share participants, or that their participants are connected by relations of derivation, or (as a first step along the road to a treatment of causality) that the one process in some way affects (for example, initiates or regulates) the other. http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:preceded_by is preceded by preceded by preceded_by x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. precedes precedes BFO:0000063 precedes precedes uberon precedes x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. occurs in Paraphrase of definition: a relation between a process and an independent continuant, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t occurs in occurs_in unfolds in unfolds_in contains process Paraphrase of definition: a relation between an independent continuant and a process, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant [copied from inverse property 'occurs in'] b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t site of anterior_to 2009-07-31T02:15:46Z BSPO:0000096 anterior_to anterior_to cjm uberon x anterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the head. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail: bearer distal_to BSPO:0000097 distal_to distal_to uberon x distal_to y iff x is further along the proximo-distal axis than y, towards the appendage tip. A proximo-distal axis extends from tip of an appendage (distal) to where it joins the body (proximal). dorsal_to BSPO:0000098 dorsal_to dorsal_to uberon x dorsal_to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the back. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that bisects an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly). posterior_to BSPO:0000099 caudal_to posterior_to posterior_to uberon x posterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the body/tail. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail. proximal_to BSPO:0000100 proximal_to proximal_to uberon x proximal_to y iff x is closer to the point of attachment with the body than y. ventral_to BSPO:0000102 uberon ventral_to ventral_to x ventral_to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the front. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that bisects an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly). deep_to BSPO:0000107 Further away from the surface of the organism. Thus, the muscular layer is deep to the skin, but superficial to the intestines. deep_to deep_to uberon superficial_to BSPO:0000108 Near the outer surface of the organism. Thus, skin is superficial to the muscle layer. superficial_to superficial_to uberon in_left_side_of BSPO:0000120 X in_left_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into left and right portions, X is part_of the left portion. https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern in_left_side_of in_left_side_of uberon in_right_side_of BSPO:0000121 X in_right_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into left and right portions, X is part_of the right portion. https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern in_right_side_of in_right_side_of uberon in_anterior_side_of BSPO:0000123 X anterior_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two anterior and posterior portions, X is part_of the anterior portion. in_anterior_side_of in_anterior_side_of uberon in_proximal_side_of BSPO:0000124 X proximal_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into distal and proximal portions, X is part_of the proximal portion. in_proximal_side_of in_proximal_side_of uberon in_distal_side_of BSPO:0000125 X distal_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into distal and proximal portions, X is part_of the distal portion. in_distal_side_of in_distal_side_of uberon in_lateral_side_of BSPO:0000126 X in_lateral_side_of Y <=> if X is in_left_side_of Y or X is in_right_side_of Y. X is often, but not always a paired structure https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern in_lateral_side_of in_lateral_side_of uberon proximalmost_part_of BSPO:0001106 X proximalmost_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the proximal boundary of Y proximalmost_part_of proximalmost_part_of uberon distalmost_part_of BSPO:0001108 X distalmost_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the distal boundary of Y distalmost_part_of distalmost_part_of uberon induced_by Yongqun He induced by a preceded_by relation that indicates that one process (e.g., an adverse event) is causally preceded by (induced by) another process (e.g., a medical intervention) and there is a causal relation between these two processes. This relation indicates the existence of a causal chain, meaning many processes may occur in between these two processes. is evidence of This represents a relation between two adverse events AE1 and AE2. However, AE1 may be an evidence of another adverse event AE3, and a dfferent adverse event AE4 may also be an evidence of the same AE2. SS, YH, YL AE1 is_evidence_of AE2 if and only if: given an adverse event instance ae1 that instantiates class AE1 (e.g., electrocardiogram qt prolonged AE) and another adverse event instance ae2 that instantiates class AE2 (e.g., arrhythmia AE), both ae1 and ae2 are adverse events that are clinically observed after a medical intervention (at time t0) on the same patient. The presence of ae1 is supported by priori knowledge of medicine to imply the presence of ae2 with some probability P (P is NOT always 1, thus transitivity does not apply to is_evidence_of relation. AE1 is_evidence_of AE2 and AE2 is_evidence_of AE3 DOES NOT imply AE1 is_evidence_of AE3). The instance ae1 and ae2 are observed or detected at time t1 and t2, respectively. The biological onset time for ae1 or ae2 may occur before t1 or t2. The t1 and t2 can be the same time point or different time points. An electrocardiogram qt prolonged AE is_evidence_of arrhythmia AE; arrhythmia AE is_evidence_of cardiomyopathy AE; fever AE is_evidence_of inflammation AE; fever AE is_evidence_of viral infection AE; plural effusion AE is_evidence_of cardiac disorder AE. has participant quality an object property that represents a relation between a process and a quality, in which the process has a participant that has the quality. An adverse event has a participant quality, such as a hyperkalemia AE has a participatn quality blood potassium increased. Yongqun He This is a shortcut relation of the following full version: 'has participant' some (participant 'has quality' ) in: process 'has participant' some (participant 'has quality' some quality) adverse event occurs in a 'occurs in' relation that is applied at the adverse event setting and indicates where an adverse event occurs in. Yongqun He drug associated with AE OH, SN An object property that represents a relation between a drug and its associated AE. has disease An object property that represents a relation between a human and a disease. OH, SN treated with drug OH, SN An object property that represents a relation between a patient and a drug that is used to treat the patient. drug associated with AE in adult An object property that represents a relation between a drug and its associated AE where the AE occurs in an adult patient. Oliver He drug associated with AE in senior Oliver He An object property that represents a relation between a drug and its associated AE where the AE occurs in a senior patient. drug associated with AE in pediatric Oliver He An object property that represents a relation between a drug and its associated AE where the AE occurs in a pediatric patient. drug associated with AE in newborn Oliver He An object property that represents a relation between a drug and its associated AE where the AE occurs in a newborn patient. drug associated with AE in adolescent Oliver He An object property that represents a relation between a drug and its associated AE where the AE occurs in an adolescent patient. used to treat disease An object property that represents a relation between a material entity (e.g., drug) and a disease that is treated by the material entity. OH, SN occurs in adult having disease Oliver He A shortcut object property that represents an adverse event and a disease in an adult patient where the adult patient with the disease has an adverse event after a medical intervention. occurs in patient having disease A shortcut object property that represents an adverse event and a disease in a patient where the patient with the disease has an adverse event after a medical intervention. Oliver He occurs in patient treated with drug Oliver He A shortcut object property that represents a process (e.g., adverse event) and a drug where the process occurs in a patient treated with the drug. drug AE occurs in A shortcut object property that represents a drug and human where the drug associated adverse event (AE) occurs in the human patient. Oliver He inheres in bearer of A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist. a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence bearer of bearer_of is bearer of this apple is bearer of this red color this vase is bearer of this fragility has participant Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time. a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process has participant http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant has_participant this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot this investigation has participant this investigator this process has participant this input material (or this output material) has role A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence has_role this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator) location_of RO:0001015 location_of location_of uberon located_in RO:0001025 located_in located_in uberon has boundary RO:0002002 has_boundary has_boundary uberon bounding layer of A relationship that applies between a continuant and its outer, bounding layer. Examples include the relationship between a multicellular organism and its integument, between an animal cell and its plasma membrane, and between a membrane bound organelle and its outer/bounding membrane. RO:0002007 bounding_layer_of bounding_layer_of uberon before or simultaneous with <= David Osumi-Sutherland Primitive instance level timing relation between events simultaneous_with simultaneous with RO:0002082 Relation between occurrents, shares start and end boundaries. coincides_with is_equal_to simultaneous_with simultaneous_with uberon David Osumi-Sutherland t1 simultaneous_with t2 iff:= t1 before_or_simultaneous_with t2 and not (t1 before t2) ends after David Osumi-Sutherland X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X) immediately_preceded_by immediately preceded by A non-transitive temporal relation in which one process immediately precedes another process, such that there is no interval of time between the two processes[SIO:000251]. RO:0002087 X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) directly preceded by immediately_preceded_by immediately_preceded_by is directly preceded by is immediately preceded by starts_at_end_of uberon starts_at_end_of David Osumi-Sutherland X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) immediately precedes X immediately_precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) ends_at_start_of meets David Osumi-Sutherland starts during David Osumi-Sutherland X starts_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (start(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y)) io happens during X happens_during Y iff: (start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)) AND (end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y)) d during David Osumi-Sutherland ends during David Osumi-Sutherland o overlaps X ends_during Y iff: ((start(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X)) AND end(X) before_or_simultaneous_with end(Y). overlaps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 some ?Y) x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y continuous_with RO:0002150 continuous_with continuous_with uberon homologous_to RO:0002158 homologous_to homologous_to uberon connected to Binary relationship: x connected_to y if and only if there exists some z such that z connects x and y in a ternary connected_to(x,y,z) relationship. Connection does not imply overlaps. RO:0002170 connected_to connected_to uberon connects Binary relationship: z connects x if and only if there exists some y such that z connects x and y in a ternary connected_to(x,y,z) relationship. RO:0002176 connects connects this is currently used for both structural relationships (such as between a valve and the chamber it connects) and abstract relationships (anatomical lines and the entities they connect) uberon supplies FMA:86003 RO:0002178 arterial supply of relation between an artery and the structure is supplies with blood. source: FMA supplies supplies uberon develops_from RO:0002202 develops_from develops_from uberon develops_into RO:0002203 develops_into develops_into uberon surrounded_by RO:0002219 surrounded_by surrounded_by uberon x surrounded_by y iff: x is adjacent to y and for every region r adjacent to x, r overlaps y adjacent_to RO:0002220 adjacent_to adjacent_to uberon x adjacent_to y iff: x and y share a boundary surrounds RO:0002221 inverse of surrounded_by surrounds surrounds uberon temporally related to https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kBv1ep_9g3sTR-SD3jqzFqhuwo9TPNF-l-9fUDbO6rM/edit?pli=1 Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for relations between occurrents involving the relative timing of their starts and ends. A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations. starts RO:0002223 Relation between occurrents, shares a start boundary with. starts starts uberon starts with starts with RO:0002224 starts_with starts_with uberon started by x starts with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: α(y) = α(x) ∧ ω(y) < ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. Every insulin receptor signaling pathway starts with the binding of a ligand to the insulin receptor Chris Mungall ends RO:0002229 Relation between occurrents, shares an end boundary with. ends ends finishes uberon ends with ends with RO:0002230 ends_with ends_with uberon Chris Mungall finished by x ends with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: α(y) > α(x) ∧ ω(y) = ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. has developmental contribution from RO:0002254 has_developmental_contribution_from has_developmental_contribution_from uberon developmentally_induced_by RO:0002256 developmentally_induced_by developmentally_induced_by sources for developmentally_induced_by relationships in Uberon: Developmental Biology, Gilbert, 8th edition, figure 6.5(F) t1 developmentally_induced_by t2 if there is a process of organ induction (GO:0001759) with t1 and t2 as interacting participants. t2 causes t1 to change its fate from a precursor tissue type T to T', where T' develops_from T. uberon developmentally preceded by RO:0002258 developmentally_preceded_by developmentally_preceded_by uberon developmentally_replaces RO:0002285 developmentally_replaces developmentally_replaces uberon mereotopologically related to A mereological relationship or a topological relationship Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving parthood or connectivity relationships has member RO:0002351 has_member has_member uberon has potential to developmentally contribute to RO:0002385 has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to uberon x has potential to developmentrally contribute to y iff x developmentally contributes to y or x is capable of developmentally contributing to y has potential to develop into RO:0002387 has_potential_to_develop_into has_potential_to_develop_into uberon x has the potential to develop into y iff x develops into y or if x is capable of developing into y contributes to morphology of RO:0002433 contributes_to_morphology_of contributes_to_morphology_of uberon composed primarily of RO:0002473 UBREL:0000002 composed_primarily_of composed_primarily_of uberon x composed_primarily_of y iff: more than half of the mass of x is made from parts of y existence starts during BFO:0000068 RO:0002488 Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c comes into existing during some s. begins_to_exist_during existence_starts_during existence_starts_during uberon existence starts with RO:0002489 Relation between continuant and occurrent, such that c comes into existence at the start of p. existence_starts_with existence_starts_with uberon existence ends during BFO:0000069 RO:0002492 Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c ceases to exist during some s, if it does not die prematurely. ceases_to_exist_during existence_ends_during existence_ends_during uberon existence ends with RO:0002493 Relation between continuant and occurrent, such that c ceases to exist at the end of p. existence_ends_with existence_ends_with uberon transformation of RO:0002494 transformation_of transformation_of transforms from uberon immediate transformation of RO:0002495 direct_transformation_of immediate_transformation_of immediate_transformation_of immediately transforms from uberon existence starts during or after RO:0002496 existence_starts_during_or_after existence_starts_during_or_after uberon existence ends during or before RO:0002497 existence_ends_during_or_before existence_ends_during_or_before uberon has material contribution from RO:0002507 has_material_contribution_from has_material_contribution_from uberon has skeleton A relation between a subdivision of an organism and the single subdivision of skeleton that provides structural support for that subdivision. RO:0002551 has sekeletal support has supporting framework has_skeleton has_skeleton uberon luminal space of RO:0002572 luminal_space_of luminal_space_of uberon skeleton of RO:0002576 skeleton_of skeleton_of uberon produces RO:0003000 produces produces uberon produced_by RO:0003001 produced_by produced_by uberon anteriorly connected to anteriorly_connected_to uberon x anteriorly_connected_to y iff the anterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x posterior_to y. channel for carries channel_for uberon channels_from channels_from uberon channels_into channels_into uberon conduit for conduit_for uberon x is a conduit for y iff y passes through the lumen of x. distally connected to distally_connected_to uberon x distally_connected_to y iff the distal part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x proximal_to y. evolved_from Status: experimental evolved_from uberon existence starts and ends during existence_starts_and_ends_during uberon extends_fibers_into extends_fibers_into uberon in_central_side_of X in_central_side Y <=> if Y is subdivided into left and right portions around some median divisor, all parts of X are closer to the median divisor than the outermost lateral sides. https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/wiki/Modeling-paired-structures-Design-Pattern in_central_side_of uberon posteriorly connected to posteriorly_connected_to uberon x posteriorly_connected_to y iff the posterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x anterior_to y. protects protects uberon proximally connected to proximally_connected_to uberon x proximally_connected_to y iff the proximal part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x distal_to y. subdivision of placeholder relation. X = 'subdivision of A' and subdivision_of some B means that X is the mereological sum of A and B subdivision_of uberon transitively anteriorly connected to . transitively_anteriorly_connected_to uberon transitively_connected to transitively_connected_to uberon transitively distally connected to . transitively_distally_connected_to uberon transitively proximally connected to . transitively_proximally_connected_to uberon Ingredient Ingredient Strength Packaged Product VA Class VA Product Active Inactive has age in year Pharmaceutical Preparations C0013227 N0000000001 3683 Pharmaceutical Preparations C176 Chemical Ingredients [Chemical/Ingredient] C178 N0000000002 991181 Chemical Ingredients Clinical Kinetics [PK] Clinical Kinetics C180 1030853 C1373163 N0000000003 Diseases, Manifestations or Physiologic States [Disease/Finding] N0000000004 Diseases, Manifestations or Physiologic States 989348 C182 C1373233 Mental Disorders and Manifestations [Disease/Finding] N0000000006 Mental Disorders and Manifestations 984721 C2916796 C190 Infectious Diseases [Disease/Finding] 40733004 N0000000007 C192 190563008 189822004 Infectious Diseases 191415002 C0009450 1023583 Elimination [PK] C222 Elimination [PK] Elimination 986944 C0221102 N0000000022 Metabolism [PK] N0000000023 C0025519 1023904 Metabolism C224 Site of Metabolism [PK] C1373176 988808 C226 N0000000024 Site of Metabolism Hepatic Metabolism [PK] C230 984512 N0000000026 Hepatic Metabolism C1373178 Route of Excretion [PK] C260 Route of Excretion Route of Excretion [PK] N0000000041 C1373186 987962 Renal Excretion [PK] Renal Excretion N0000000042 C1373187 986666 C262 Hepatic Excretion [PK] Hepatic Excretion N0000000043 989209 C264 C1373188 Physiochemical Activity [MoA] Physiochemical Activity N0000000065 989958 C308 C1372991 Small Ion Transport Pump Interactions [MoA] 986087 N0000000066 C310 Small Ion Transport Pump Interactions C1373107 HER Receptor Family Interactions [MoA] EGFR Family Interactions C312 Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Family Interactions N0000000067 HER Receptor Family Interactions 986672 Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Family Interactions C2916814 HER Family Interactions Calcium Channel Antagonists [MoA] 986242 D002121 Calcium Channel Blockers C2757014 N0000000069 Calcium Channel Antagonists C316 Calcium Channel Blocker Angiotensin 2 Receptor Antagonists [MoA] 984935 C318 N0000000070 Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers C2757003 Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists Angiotensin 2 Receptor Antagonists Active Transporter Interactions [MoA] Active Transporter Interactions 1031287 C322 N0000000072 C1373104 Protease Inhibitors [MoA] Protease Inhibitors N0000000076 992709 Protease Inhibitors C330 C2756997 D011480 Immunologic Factors [MoA] C342 Immunologic Factors Immunologic Factors C2757006 993127 D007155 N0000000082 Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists [MoA] C2757015 992724 C344 N0000000083 Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists Sex Hormone Receptor Antagonists [MoA] C1373000 N0000000084 Sex Hormone Receptor Antagonists 985639 C346 Receptor Interactions [MoA] C1372999 C348 Receptor Interactions 988560 N0000000085 Chelating Activity [MoA] N0000000087 Chelating Activity Chelating Activity C352 1025213 D002614 C1527256 Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists [MoA] Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists D018691 Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists C2757055 N0000000088 1036066 C354 Adrenergic Antagonists [MoA] C2757018 993129 Adrenergic Antagonists Adrenergic Antagonists N0000000092 D018674 C362 Cholinergic Muscarinic Receptor Interactions [MoA] C372 986244 N0000000097 C1373009 Cholinergic Muscarinic Receptor Interactions Thymidylate Synthetase Inhibitors [MoA] N0000000098 993154 C374 Thymidylate Synthetase Inhibitors C2756988 Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists [MoA] Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists 1023426 C2756989 Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists D000317 Alpha-adrenergic Blocker N0000000099 C376 Estrogen Receptor Agonists [MoA] C378 988811 N0000000100 C1373007 Estrogen Receptor Agonists Norepinephrine Uptake Inhibitors [MoA] 989028 Norepinephrine Uptake Inhibitors C2757023 C382 D018759 Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors N0000000102 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors [MoA] N0000000103 C2757067 993157 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors C384 D018894 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Cholinergic Muscarinic Agonists [MoA] C386 Cholinergic Muscarinic Agonists 990721 N0000000104 C2757026 Neurotransmitter Transporter Interactions [MoA] Neurotransmitter Transporter Interactions C1373006 N0000000105 C388 985066 Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors [MoA] C2757053 Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors C396 D017367 N0000000109 992711 Folic Acid Metabolism Inhibitors [MoA] C2916820 Folic Acid Antagonists 1029786 C400 Folic Acid Metabolic Inhibitors N0000000111 Folic Acid Metabolism Inhibitors Folic Acid Antagonists D005493 Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors [MoA] C406 N0000000114 C2757017 Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors 1028789 D018765 Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors Dopamine Agonists [MoA] D018491 N0000000117 C2757007 992714 C412 Dopaminergic Agonist Dopamine Agonists Dopamine Agonists GABA A Modulators [MoA] C1373017 C414 N0000000118 GABA A Modulators 990722 Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors [MoA] D019161 993150 C2756999 Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors C420 HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors N0000000121 Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Adrenergic Agonists [MoA] 1029285 C422 Adrenergic Agonists C2757025 N0000000122 Adrenergic Agonists D000322 Leukotriene Receptor Interactions [MoA] C1373014 N0000000124 Leukotriene Receptor Interactions C426 987670 Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors [MoA] N0000000128 D010726 C1656262 Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors 993167 C434 Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors Serotonin Antagonists [MoA] D012702 N0000000130 C2757052 C438 993156 Serotonin Antagonists Serotonin Antagonists Organic Anion Transporter Interactions [MoA] C1373100 987411 N0000000132 Organic Anion Transporter Interactions C442 Enzyme Inhibitors [MoA] C444 D004791 N0000000133 Enzyme Inhibitors C2756995 Enzyme Inhibitors 1032544 Lipoxygenase Inhibitors [MoA] D016859 C446 1031400 C2757064 Lipoxygenase Inhibitors Lipoxygenase Inhibitors N0000000134 Immunologic Adjuvants [MoA] Adjuvants, Immunologic Immunologic Adjuvants 989878 N0000000135 Adjuvants, Immunologic D000276 C448 C1383096 GABA A Receptor Interactions [MoA] C454 N0000000138 GABA A Receptor Interactions C1373022 988922 Calcium Channel Interactions [MoA] C458 C1373020 990245 N0000000140 Calcium Channel Interactions Iron Chelating Activity [MoA] C466 985781 N0000000144 Iron Chelating Activity Iron Chelating Activity D007502 C2757050 Estrogen Receptor Antagonists [MoA] 984514 N0000000145 C1373098 C468 Estrogen Receptor Antagonists Estrogen Receptor Inhibitor Proton Pump Inhibitors [MoA] 986356 Proton Pump Inhibitors C1384478 N0000000147 C472 Hormone Receptor Agonists [MoA] 985200 Hormone Receptor Agonists C476 C1373095 N0000000149 Protein Synthesis Inhibitors [MoA] C2757051 993158 Protein Synthesis Inhibitors C478 N0000000150 Protein Synthesis Inhibitors D011500 G-Protein-linked Receptor Interactions [MoA] 984725 C482 G-Protein-linked Receptor Interactions C2916797 G-Protein-linked Receptor-Effector Interactions N0000000152 Adrenergic Receptor Interactions [MoA] 987972 Adrenergic Receptor Interactions C1373072 C484 N0000000153 Uncouplers [MoA] Uncouplers C488 C1373071 N0000000155 986674 Chloride Channel Interactions [MoA] C1373070 N0000000156 C490 987326 Chloride Channel Interactions Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonists [MoA] Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonists C496 N0000000159 989879 C1373068 Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors [MoA] C2756982 D016861 992710 Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors N0000000160 Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors C498 Adrenergic beta-Antagonists [MoA] D000319 993131 Adrenergic beta-Antagonists Beta-adrenergic Receptor Inhibitor C500 N0000000161 C2757061 beta-Adrenergic Receptor Inhibitor beta-Adrenergic Blocker Beta-adrenergic Blocker Adrenergic beta-Antagonists Steroid Receptor Antagonists [MoA] N0000000162 987973 C1373067 C502 Steroid Receptor Antagonists Enzyme Interactions [MoA] Enzyme Interactions N0000000163 C504 C1373066 988200 Serotonin Transporter Interactions [MoA] N0000000167 987204 C512 Serotonin Transporter Interactions C1373063 Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators [MoA] D020845 993164 Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators N0000000168 C2757056 C514 Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Excitatory Amino Acid Receptor Interactions [MoA] N0000000171 Excitatory Amino Acid Receptor Interactions C520 C1373062 988925 Steroid Receptor Modulators [MoA] C1373061 C522 Steroid Receptor Modulators N0000000172 987671 Opioid Agonists [MoA] 985466 C1373059 N0000000174 Opioid Agonists C526 Cytokine Receptor Superfamily Interactions [MoA] Cytokine Receptor Superfamily Interactions C1373058 984937 C528 N0000000175 Topoisomerase Inhibitors [MoA] DNA Gyrase Inhibitors 989757 Topoisomerase Inhibitors N0000000176 C1384454 Topoisomerase Inhibitor C530 Cholinesterase Inhibitors [MoA] 992680 Cholinesterase Inhibitors D002800 C532 Cholinesterase Inhibitors N0000000177 C2757012 Sodium Channel Interactions [MoA] Sodium Channel Interactions C538 987802 C1373055 N0000000180 Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors [MoA] C540 N0000000181 Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor 992731 D000806 C2757044 Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors Steroid Hormone Receptor Agonists [MoA] N0000000182 C1373054 C542 Steroid Hormone Receptor Agonists 990907 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors [MoA] N0000000184 992698 D008996 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors C2756978 C546 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors MAOI Progestational Hormone Receptor Agonists [MoA] Progestational Hormone Receptor Agonists C1373052 N0000000185 C548 986818 Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonists [MoA] C2757048 C558 992695 H1 Receptor Blockers Histamine H1 Antagonists Histamine H1 Blockers N0000000190 Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonists Histamine H1 Antagonists H1 Receptor Antagonists D006634 Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitors [MoA] C1373048 N0000000191 C560 441741 Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitors Ion Channel Interactions [MoA] N0000000193 C1373047 988382 Ion Channel Interactions C564 Serotonin Receptor Interactions [MoA] Serotonin Receptor Interactions N0000000198 988082 C574 C1373043 Opioid Receptor Interactions [MoA] N0000000200 989758 C578 Opioid Receptor Interactions C1373041 Dopamine Receptor Interactions [MoA] N0000000203 C584 C1373039 985948 Dopamine Receptor Interactions Radiopharmaceutical Activity [MoA] Radiopharmaceutical Activity C2757000 987975 Radiopharmaceuticals N0000000205 D019275 C588 Histamine Receptor Antagonists [MoA] D006633 Histamine Receptor Antagonists Histamine Antagonists C592 989667 N0000000207 C1383092 Histamine Antagonists Adrenergic alpha-Agonists [MoA] Adrenergic alpha-Agonists Adrenergic alpha-Agonists C2757042 1029039 N0000000209 D000316 Alpha-adrenergic Agonist C596 Potassium Channel Interactions [MoA] C600 N0000000211 C1373036 989960 Potassium Channel Interactions Ribonucleotide Reductase Inhibitors [MoA] Ribonucleotide Reductase Inhibitors N0000000212 C602 441728 C1373035 Receptor Protein Kinase Interactions [MoA] C604 Receptor Protein Kinase Interactions C1373034 986538 N0000000213 Sex Hormone Receptor Agonists [MoA] 990080 N0000000214 C606 Sex Hormone Receptor Agonists C1373033 Histamine Receptor Interactions [MoA] Histamine Receptor Interactions 989394 N0000000216 C610 C1373031 Dopamine Transporter Interactions [MoA] N0000000219 984515 C1373028 Dopamine Transporter Interactions C616 Hormone Receptor Antagonists [MoA] 990790 C620 Hormone Receptor Antagonists N0000000221 C1373026 Cellular or Molecular Interactions [MoA] 986459 N0000000223 C1373094 Cellular or Molecular Interactions C624 Insulin Receptor Agonists [MoA] N0000000225 C628 C1373092 Insulin Receptor Agonists 986676 Dopamine Antagonists [MoA] Dopamine Antagonists Dopamine Antagonists D018492 C2757008 C638 N0000000230 1032050 Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors [MoA] C644 N0000000233 993166 Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors C2757009 Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors D019384 Norepinephrine Transporter Interactions [MoA] N0000000234 988817 C2267223 C646 Norepinephrine Transporter Interactions Alkylating Activity [MoA] D000477 N0000000236 C650 Alkylating Activity 1031878 C2756975 Alkylating Activity Insulin Receptor Interactions [MoA] C1373083 987414 N0000000240 C658 Insulin Receptor Interactions Transcription Factor Activity [MoA] Transcription Factor Activity N0000000242 C1148759 1028825 C662 Androgen Receptor Antagonists [MoA] Androgen Receptor Antagonists C664 989356 C1373082 Androgen Receptor Inhibitor N0000000243 HIV Protease Inhibitors [MoA] D017320 HIV Protease Inhibitors Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease Inhibitors N0000000246 C670 HIV Protease Inhibitors C2756991 993149 Biological Response Modifiers [MoA] Biological Response Modifiers C672 D015545 N0000000247 993132 Biological Response Modifiers C2757019 Polycationic Channel Interactions [MoA] N0000000253 Polycationic Channel Interactions C1373076 990209 C684 Immunologic and Biological Factors [MoA] Immunologic and Biological Factors 1032698 D007151 C686 C0021048 Immunologic and Biological Factors N0000000254 Hormone Receptor Modulators [MoA] 989214 C688 N0000000255 C1373075 Hormone Receptor Modulators Serotonin Agonists [MoA] 1022850 C690 C2756998 N0000000256 Serotonin Agonists Serotonin Agonists D017366 Hormone Receptor Interactions [MoA] N0000000257 C692 986361 C1373074 Hormone Receptor Interactions Congenital Abnormalities [Disease/Finding] 276654001 Defects, Congenital 276655000 1021840 Congenital Defects Deformities Malformations of organs or body parts during development in utero. N0000000264 D000013 Birth Defects M0000013 Congenital Abnormalities Congenital Abnormalities C0000768 C706 276720006 Abnormalities, Congenital Abscess [Disease/Finding] Accumulation of purulent material in tissues, organs, or circumscribed spaces, usually associated with signs of infection. C730 128477000 M0000059 Abscess C0000833 D000038 984804 Abscess N0000000276 Acinetobacter Infections [Disease/Finding] Infections, Acinetobacter M0000230 D000151 C752 Acinetobacter Infections 984730 Infections with bacteria of the genus ACINETOBACTER. C0001139 Acinetobacter Infections Mimae Infections N0000000287 Infections, Mimae Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome [Disease/Finding] An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993. Immunologic Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Acquired Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome AIDS Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome 1022762 N0000000291 62479008 C0001175 D000163 C760 M0000245 Actinomycetales Infections [Disease/Finding] D000193 Infections with bacteria of the order ACTINOMYCETALES. Infections, Actinomycete C0001255 1024017 N0000000299 M0000289 C776 Actinomycete Infections Actinomycetales Infections Actinomycetales Infections Infections, Actinomycetales Addison Disease [Disease/Finding] 363732003 Primary Adrenal Insufficiency 1023821 Primary Hypoadrenalism Primary Adrenocortical Insufficiency C788 Addison Disease An adrenal disease characterized by the progressive destruction of the ADRENAL CORTEX, resulting in insufficient production of ALDOSTERONE and HYDROCORTISONE. Clinical symptoms include ANOREXIA; NAUSEA; WEIGHT LOSS; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; and HYPERPIGMENTATION of the SKIN due to increase in circulating levels of ACTH precursor hormone which stimulates MELANOCYTES. M0000346 N0000000305 D000224 C0001403 Addison Disease Addison's Disease 373662000 Adenocarcinoma [Disease/Finding] 35917007 M0000355 D000230 Adenocarcinoma Adenoma, Malignant A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. C0001418 Adenocarcinoma C790 N0000000306 1023834 Adenoma [Disease/Finding] Adenoma Adenoma A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. M0000367 C0001430 1026445 N0000000310 D000236 C798 32048006 Adenoviridae Infections [Disease/Finding] C806 Adenovirus Infections Virus diseases caused by the ADENOVIRIDAE. Infections, Adenovirus N0000000314 Adenoviridae Infections 1025703 25225006 M0000404 C0001486 Adenoviridae Infections D000257 Infections, Adenoviridae Adenovirus Infections, Human [Disease/Finding] Adenovirus Infections, Human 1022278 N0000000315 C0001487 M0000405 Infections, Human Adenovirus Respiratory and conjunctival infections caused by 33 identified serotypes of human adenoviruses. C808 D000258 Adenovirus Infections, Human Human Adenovirus Infections Tissue Adhesions [Disease/Finding] Pathological processes consisting of the union of the opposing surfaces of a wound. C810 Tissue Adhesions 1028050 C0001511 D000267 N0000000316 M0000418 Tissue Adhesions Adhesions, Tissue 42685002 Adnexal Diseases [Disease/Finding] N0000000320 C818 Adnexal Diseases D000291 M0000457 Diseases of the uterine appendages (ADNEXA UTERI) including diseases involving the OVARY, the FALLOPIAN TUBES, and ligaments of the uterus (BROAD LIGAMENT; ROUND LIGAMENT). Adnexal Diseases 988928 C0001576 Adrenal Gland Diseases [Disease/Finding] C0001621 N0000000324 D000307 1025795 Adrenal Gland Diseases C826 30171000 Pathological processes of the ADRENAL GLANDS. M0000482 Adrenal Gland Diseases Adrenocortical Hyperfunction [Disease/Finding] Excess production of ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES such as ALDOSTERONE; HYDROCORTISONE; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE; and/or ANDROSTENEDIONE. Hyperadrenal syndromes include CUSHING SYNDROME; HYPERALDOSTERONISM; and VIRILISM. C828 275437005 D000308 Adrenocortical Hyperfunction Hyperadrenocorticism Adrenal Gland Hyperfunction N0000000325 1022833 M0000483 Hyperadrenalism Adrenocortical Hyperfunction C0001622 47270006 Hypercorticism Adrenal Insufficiency [Disease/Finding] Adrenal Gland Hypofunction M0000484 N0000000326 237785004 Conditions in which the production of adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS falls below the requirement of the body. Adrenal insufficiency can be caused by defects in the ADRENAL GLANDS, the PITUITARY GLAND, or the HYPOTHALAMUS. C830 Adrenal Insufficiency C0001623 Adrenal Insufficiency 111563005 D000309 1025230 Hypoadrenalism Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital [Disease/Finding] Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital M0000487 D000312 C0001627 C834 Hyperplasia, Congenital Adrenal Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia 237751000 A group of inherited disorders of the ADRENAL GLANDS, caused by enzyme defects in the synthesis of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) and/or ALDOSTERONE leading to accumulation of precursors for ANDROGENS. Depending on the hormone imbalance, congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be classified as salt-wasting, hypertensive, virilizing, or feminizing. Defects in STEROID 21-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 11-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; STEROID 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYLASE; 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES); TESTOSTERONE 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE; or steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; among others, underlie these disorders. Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital N0000000328 1023878 Affective Disorders, Psychotic [Disease/Finding] Psychoses, Affective Psychotic Affective Disorders Affective Disorders, Psychotic 191663008 M0000522 N0000000332 D000341 Disorders in which the essential feature is a severe disturbance in mood (depression, anxiety, elation, and excitement) accompanied by psychotic symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, gross impairment in reality testing, etc. 1024660 Affective Disorders, Psychotic C0001723 C842 Agranulocytosis [Disease/Finding] A decrease in the number of GRANULOCYTES; (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS). Granulocytopenia Agranulocytosis C860 1023345 C0001824 N0000000341 17182001 Agranulocytosis M0000580 417672002 D000380 Alzheimer Disease [Disease/Finding] Dementia, Senile C0002395 Alzheimer Type Senile Dementia M0000842 1022264 N0000000363 Dementia, Alzheimer Type A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57) C904 26929004 Senile Dementia, Alzheimer Type Alzheimer's Disease Alzheimer Disease D000544 Alzheimer Disease Primary Senile Degenerative Dementia Dementia, Primary Senile Degenerative Amebiasis [Disease/Finding] C908 C0002438 Infection with any of various amebae. It is an asymptomatic carrier state in most individuals, but diseases ranging from chronic, mild diarrhea to fulminant dysentery may occur. 105637008 D000562 Amebiasis 111910009 388759003 1023982 N0000000365 M0000878 Amebiasis Amoebiasis Renal Aminoacidurias [Disease/Finding] Renal Aminoacidurias M0000934 N0000000370 Aminoaciduria, Renal Renal Aminoacidurias C918 D000608 C0002534 985952 A group of inherited kidney disorders characterized by the abnormally elevated levels of AMINO ACIDS in URINE. Genetic mutations of transport proteins result in the defective reabsorption of free amino acids at the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. Renal aminoaciduria are classified by the specific amino acid or acids involved. Amyloidosis [Disease/Finding] N0000000375 A group of sporadic, familial and/or inherited, degenerative, and infectious disease processes, linked by the common theme of abnormal protein folding and deposition of AMYLOID. As the amyloid deposits enlarge they displace normal tissue structures, causing disruption of function. Various signs and symptoms depend on the location and size of the deposits. C928 Amyloidosis M0001053 1024175 Amyloidosis 17602002 C0002726 D000686 Anaphylaxis [Disease/Finding] 1023517 C0002792 39579001 N0000000379 Anaphylactic Reaction An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death. C936 Anaphylaxis Shock, Anaphylactic D000707 Anaphylaxis M0001076 Anemia [Disease/Finding] Anemia A reduction in the number of circulating erythrocytes or in the quantity of hemoglobin. 1024481 M0001119 271737000 267531008 C946 D000740 C0002871 N0000000384 Anemia Anemia, Aplastic [Disease/Finding] 1023343 C948 N0000000385 Anemia, Aplastic 304132006 A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements. Anemia, Aplastic D000741 C0002874 306058006 M0001120 Angina Pectoris [Disease/Finding] M0001180 194828000 C990 D000787 Stenocardia C0002962 Angina Pectoris Angina Pectoris Angor Pectoris N0000000406 1022730 The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, location and radiation. It is thought to be provoked by a transient stressful situation during which the oxygen requirements of the MYOCARDIUM exceed that supplied by the CORONARY CIRCULATION. Angina Pectoris, Variant [Disease/Finding] 87343002 C992 Angina Pectoris, Variant Prinzmetal's Angina D000788 C0002963 M0001181 Angina Pectoris, Variant N0000000407 Prinzmetal Angina 1026917 A clinical syndrome characterized by the development of CHEST PAIN at rest with concomitant transient ST segment elevation in the ELECTROCARDIOGRAM, but with preserved exercise capacity. Angina, Unstable [Disease/Finding] C994 Angina, Unstable 1021853 Angina at Rest Angina, Unstable 25106000 Unstable Angina N0000000408 Angina, Preinfarction M0001182 D000789 64333001 Precordial pain at rest, which may precede a MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. C0002965 Angioedema [Disease/Finding] C0002994 Quincke's Edema Swelling involving the deep DERMIS, subcutaneous, or submucosal tissues, representing localized EDEMA. Angioedema often occurs in the face, lips, tongue, and larynx. Urticaria, Giant 1022344 C1008 N0000000415 Angioedema M0001197 Angioedema 400075008 41291007 D000799 Angioneurotic Edema Anorexia [Disease/Finding] C0003123 79890006 249471002 N0000000421 Anorexia The lack or loss of APPETITE accompanied by an aversion to food and the inability to eat. It is the defining characteristic of the disorder ANOREXIA NERVOSA. 1023296 C1020 D000855 M0001278 Anorexia Anthrax [Disease/Finding] C1036 1021996 M0001315 Anthrax An acute infection caused by the spore-forming bacteria BACILLUS ANTHRACIS. It commonly affects hoofed animals such as sheep and goats. Infection in humans often involves the skin (cutaneous anthrax), the lungs (inhalation anthrax), or the gastrointestinal tract. Anthrax is not contagious and can be treated with antibiotics. D000881 N0000000429 C0003175 Anthrax 409498004 Anuria [Disease/Finding] 1023563 C0003460 Absence of urine formation. It is usually associated with complete bilateral ureteral (URETER) obstruction, complete lower urinary tract obstruction, or unilateral ureteral obstruction when a solitary kidney is present. M0001524 N0000000431 C1040 Anuria Anuria D001002 2472002 Anus Diseases [Disease/Finding] C0003462 N0000000432 1023545 Anus Diseases Anus Diseases C1042 32110003 M0001528 D001004 Anxiety Disorders [Disease/Finding] C1048 D001008 C0003469 N0000000435 Persistent and disabling ANXIETY. M0001533 Anxiety Disorders Anxiety Disorders 197480006 1023219 Eating Disorders [Disease/Finding] 1025187 72366004 Eating Disorders C0013473 C1092 M0001616 D001068 N0000000457 A group of disorders characterized by physiological and psychological disturbances in appetite or food intake. Eating Disorders Arbovirus Infections [Disease/Finding] Arbovirus Infections M0001658 Infections caused by arthropod-borne viruses, general or unspecified. D001102 1023709 C0003723 40610006 N0000000462 Arbovirus Infections C1102 Arrhythmias, Cardiac [Disease/Finding] Arrhythmia Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction. 1023395 C1116 Cardiac Arrhythmias Arrythmia N0000000469 Arrhythmias, Cardiac Arrhythmias, Cardiac M0001715 Cardiac Dysrhythmia C0003811 195107004 Cardiac Arrhythmia D001145 Arrhythmia, Sinus [Disease/Finding] Arrhythmia, Sinus 71792006 1025764 Sinus Arrhythmia Arrhythmia, Sinus N0000000470 Arrhythmia, Sinoatrial Sinoatrial Arrhythmia D001146 M0001716 C1118 C0003813 Irregular HEART RATE caused by abnormal function of the SINOATRIAL NODE. It is characterized by a greater than 10% change between the maximum and the minimum sinus cycle length or 120 milliseconds. Arterial Occlusive Diseases [Disease/Finding] M0001730 C1120 N0000000471 1025357 Arterial Obstructive Diseases Arterial Occlusive Diseases C0003838 Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels. They are also known as arterial insufficiency. Arterial Occlusive Diseases 2929001 D001157 Arteriosclerosis [Disease/Finding] M0001734 C0003850 Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries. 72092001 1021767 Arteriosclerosis D001161 Arteriosclerosis N0000000473 C1124 Arthritis [Disease/Finding] Arthritis Arthritis D001168 C0003864 C1134 M0001741 1023652 N0000000478 3723001 Arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid [Disease/Finding] Arthritis, Juvenile Chronic C1140 239796000 410502007 1022211 Rheumatoid arthritis of children occurring in three major subtypes defined by the symptoms present during the first six months following onset: systemic-onset (Still's Disease, Juvenile-Onset), polyarticular-onset, and pauciarticular-onset. Adult-onset cases of Still's disease (STILL'S DISEASE, ADULT-ONSET) are also known. Only one subtype of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (polyarticular-onset, rheumatoid factor-positive) clinically resembles adult rheumatoid arthritis and is considered its childhood equivalent. Arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid C0553662 N0000000481 Arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid M0001748 410795001 Arthritis, Juvenile Idiopathic 410796000 Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis D001171 Arthritis, Rheumatoid [Disease/Finding] M0001750 C1142 69896004 D001172 N0000000482 Rheumatoid Arthritis Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Rheumatoid 1023050 A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated. C0003873 Aspergillosis [Disease/Finding] C1162 Infections with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS. D001228 1025666 N0000000492 Aspergillosis Aspergillosis C0004030 M0001850 65553006 Asthma [Disease/Finding] C0004096 A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL). 1023235 Bronchial Asthma M0001885 195979001 N0000000498 Asthma 195967001 Asthma, Bronchial C1174 D001249 Asthma Astrocytoma [Disease/Finding] D001254 C0004114 N0000000501 Astroglioma Astrocytoma 1024668 M0001891 Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082) Glioma, Astrocytic C1180 254938000 Astrocytoma Atrial Fibrillation [Disease/Finding] N0000000507 C0004238 M0001926 C1192 Atrial Fibrillation D001281 1023706 Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation. Auricular Fibrillation Atrial Fibrillation 49436004 Atrial Flutter [Disease/Finding] 5370000 C1194 Auricular Flutter M0001927 Atrial Flutter C0004239 985206 Rapid, irregular atrial contractions caused by a block of electrical impulse conduction in the right atrium and a reentrant wave front traveling up the inter-atrial septum and down the right atrial free wall or vice versa. Unlike ATRIAL FIBRILLATION which is caused by abnormal impulse generation, typical atrial flutter is caused by abnormal impulse conduction. As in atrial fibrillation, patients with atrial flutter cannot effectively pump blood into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). Atrial Flutter N0000000508 D001282 Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity [Disease/Finding] Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Hyperkinetic Syndrome 1023721 C1263846 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder 31177006 7461003 C1198 D001289 A behavior disorder originating in childhood in which the essential features are signs of developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Although most individuals have symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, one or the other pattern may be predominant. The disorder is more frequent in males than females. Onset is in childhood. Symptoms often attenuate during late adolescence although a minority experience the full complement of symptoms into mid-adulthood. (From DSM-IV) Attention Deficit Disorders with Hyperactivity N0000000510 406506008 M0001943 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Autistic Disorder [Disease/Finding] N0000000513 Autism, Early Infantile Kanner's Syndrome 408858002 408856003 A disorder beginning in childhood. It is marked by the presence of markedly abnormal or impaired development in social interaction and communication and a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interest. Manifestations of the disorder vary greatly depending on the developmental level and chronological age of the individual. (DSM-IV) 43614003 Autistic Disorder Autism M0001983 D001321 408857007 Autism, Infantile C0004352 Autistic Disorder 1025154 C1204 Autoimmune Diseases [Disease/Finding] Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides. 1026092 Autoimmune Diseases D001327 M0001989 C1206 Autoimmune Diseases N0000000514 85828009 C0004364 Avitaminosis [Disease/Finding] M0002041 1023168 85670002 C0376286 C1216 Avitaminosis Avitaminosis A condition due to a deficiency of one or more essential vitamins. (Dorland, 27th ed) D001361 N0000000519 Back Pain [Disease/Finding] C1222 M0002115 Acute or chronic pain located in the posterior regions of the THORAX; LUMBOSACRAL REGION; or the adjacent regions. 419258005 1022771 N0000000522 Back Ache 161891005 D001416 Backache Back Pain Back Pain 267984001 C0004604 Bacterial Infections and Mycoses [Disease/Finding] Infections caused by bacteria and fungi, general, specified, or unspecified. Bacterial Infections and Mycoses N0000000523 C0004615 D001423 986958 M0002125 C1224 Bacterial Infections and Mycoses Bacterial Infections [Disease/Finding] N0000000524 D001424 Bacterial Infections 186335000 Infection, Bacterial Bacterial Infections C0004623 M0002126 301811001 Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified. Infections, Bacterial 87628006 1022614 C1226 Bacterial Infection Bacteroides Infections [Disease/Finding] 2918000 1023555 C1230 Bacteroides Infections Bacteroides Infections C0004669 Infections, Bacteroides Infections with bacteria of the genus BACTEROIDES. N0000000526 M0002147 D001442 Bartter Syndrome [Disease/Finding] D001477 N0000000534 Bartter's Disease C0004775 71275003 M0002194 Bartter Disease 1025612 Bartter Syndrome Bartter Syndrome C1246 Bartter's Syndrome A group of disorders caused by defective salt reabsorption in the ascending LOOP OF HENLE. It is characterized by severe salt-wasting, HYPOKALEMIA; HYPERCALCIURIA; metabolic ALKALOSIS, and hyper-reninemic HYPERALDOSTERONISM without HYPERTENSION. There are several subtypes including ones due to mutations in the renal specific SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS. Basal Ganglia Diseases [Disease/Finding] 1030459 Diseases of the BASAL GANGLIA including the PUTAMEN; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; claustrum; AMYGDALA; and CAUDATE NUCLEUS. DYSKINESIAS (most notably involuntary movements and alterations of the rate of movement) represent the primary clinical manifestations of these disorders. Common etiologies include CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Basal Ganglia Disorders C1250 70835005 Basal Ganglia Diseases C0004782 N0000000536 Basal Ganglia Diseases D001480 M0002198 Mental Disorders [Disease/Finding] 1022308 M0002289 C1254 N0000000538 Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function. C0004936 74732009 Mental Disorders D001523 Mental Disorders Behcet Syndrome [Disease/Finding] Behcet's Syndrome 985793 N0000000539 Triple-Symptom Complex Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness and death. SYNOVITIS; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; gastrointestinal ulcerations; RETINAL VASCULITIS; and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as well. C0004943 Behcet Syndrome M0002296 310701003 Behcet Syndrome Behcet Disease D001528 C1256 Bile Duct Diseases [Disease/Finding] C1266 Diseases in any part of the ductal system of the BILIARY TRACT from the smallest BILE CANALICULI to the largest COMMON BILE DUCT. M0002478 985587 C0005395 118926004 N0000000544 D001649 Bile Duct Diseases Bile Duct Diseases Biliary Tract Diseases [Disease/Finding] 105997008 C0005424 D001660 M0002491 984740 Diseases in any part of the BILIARY TRACT including the BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER. Biliary Tract Diseases Biliary Tract Diseases N0000000551 C1280 Bipolar Disorder [Disease/Finding] Affective Psychosis, Bipolar N0000000553 Bipolar Disorder 13746004 C1284 Psychosis, Manic-Depressive D001714 Psychoses, Manic-Depressive A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence. 191647000 Bipolar Disorder 1022518 M0002571 191646009 Manic-Depressive Psychosis C0005586 Urinary Bladder Diseases [Disease/Finding] D001745 1022750 Urinary Bladder Diseases Bladder Diseases N0000000560 C1298 42643001 Pathological processes of the URINARY BLADDER. Urinary Bladder Diseases C0005686 M0002630 Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction [Disease/Finding] N0000000563 1023806 Bladder Neck Obstruction Bladder Outlet Obstruction C0005694 Blocked urine flow through the bladder neck, the narrow internal urethral opening at the base of the URINARY BLADDER. Narrowing or strictures of the URETHRA can be congenital or acquired. It is often observed in males with enlarged PROSTATE glands. 399072004 M0002634 Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction D001748 C1304 Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction Urinary Bladder Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Neoplasms, Bladder N0000000564 Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER. Bladder Tumors 126885006 Urinary Bladder Neoplasms D001749 M0002635 1022826 C1306 Bladder Neoplasms C0005695 Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Blastomycosis [Disease/Finding] A fungal infection that may appear in two forms: 1, a primary lesion characterized by the formation of a small cutaneous nodule and small nodules along the lymphatics that may heal within several months; and 2, chronic granulomatous lesions characterized by thick crusts, warty growths, and unusual vascularity and infection in the middle or upper lobes of the lung. D001759 C0005716 M0002647 Blastomycosis Blastomycosis C1314 69996000 1025849 N0000000568 Blepharospasm [Disease/Finding] N0000000571 C1320 1022613 Blepharospasm Blepharospasm 59026006 D001764 C0005747 M0002660 Excessive winking; tonic or clonic spasm of the orbicularis oculi muscle. Blood Coagulation Disorders [Disease/Finding] Disorders, Blood Coagulation D001778 64779008 C0005779 N0000000575 Coagulation Disorders, Blood Blood Coagulation Disorders Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of abnormalities in blood coagulation due to a variety of factors such as COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS; BLOOD PLATELET DISORDERS; BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional conditions. M0002683 362970003 1022276 Blood Coagulation Disorders C1328 Blood Platelet Disorders [Disease/Finding] Disorders caused by abnormalities in platelet count or function. 1025348 C1332 D001791 Blood Platelet Disorders Blood Platelet Disorders 22716005 Thrombocytopathy N0000000577 M0002703 C0005818 Blood Protein Disorders [Disease/Finding] Blood Protein Disorders M0002708 N0000000578 D001796 C0005830 C1334 Blood Protein Disorders 1027678 Body Temperature Changes [Disease/Finding] 1027280 N0000000581 C0005904 D001832 Body Temperature Changes C1340 M0002753 Body Temperature Changes Significant alterations in temperature of the human body, above or below 98.6 degrees F. or 37 degrees C. when taken orally. Body Weight Changes [Disease/Finding] D001836 N0000000582 C1342 1022599 M0002759 Body Weight Changes Body Weight Changes A clinical manifestation consisting of alterations in an individual's weight from his or her norm. C0005911 248346009 Bone Diseases [Disease/Finding] C1346 M0002776 Diseases of BONES. C0005940 1025929 D001847 Bone Diseases Bone Diseases N0000000584 308147009 76069003 Bone Diseases, Infectious [Disease/Finding] Bone diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms. 1031879 Bone Diseases, Infectious C1352 N0000000587 M0002779 Bone Diseases, Infectious C0005943 D001850 Bone Diseases, Metabolic [Disease/Finding] M0002780 1026469 C1354 Bone Diseases, Metabolic 50279003 N0000000588 C0005944 D001851 Metabolic Bone Diseases Bone Diseases, Metabolic Bone Marrow Diseases [Disease/Finding] 1023913 M0002788 Bone Marrow Diseases 127035006 C0005956 D001855 Bone Marrow Diseases N0000000589 C1356 Bradycardia [Disease/Finding] C0428977 N0000000600 Bradycardia C1378 D001919 Bradyarrhythmia Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK. 1025503 Bradycardia Bradyarrhythmias 48867003 M0002863 Brain Diseases [Disease/Finding] D001927 Central Nervous System Disorders, Intracranial Central Nervous System Intracranial Disorders N0000000605 CNS Disorders, Intracranial Brain Diseases Encephalon Diseases C1388 81308009 Intracranial CNS Disorders 986258 Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM. Brain Disorders C0006111 Brain Diseases M0002874 Intracranial Central Nervous System Disorders Brain Edema [Disease/Finding] M0002876 Brain Edema 2032001 Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6) Brain Edema Brain Swelling Intracranial Edema 1029271 N0000000607 C1392 C1527311 D001929 Brain Injuries [Disease/Finding] Brain Injuries D001930 M0002878 2470005 Injuries, Brain C0270611 C1394 N0000000608 Brain Injuries Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits. 1024106 Brain Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] D001932 Brain Neoplasms Brain Neoplasms Brain Tumors 1025641 189537005 C1396 M0002885 Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain. Neoplasms, Brain 126952004 N0000000609 C0006118 Breast Diseases [Disease/Finding] Breast Diseases M0002906 N0000000611 79604008 C1400 1025046 C0006145 Pathological processes of the BREAST. D001941 Breast Diseases Breast Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Tumors, Breast C1402 N0000000612 C1458155 Neoplasms, Breast Breast Tumors Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. Breast Neoplasms Breast Neoplasms 1023282 126926005 M0002910 D001943 Bronchial Diseases [Disease/Finding] D001982 Bronchial Diseases Bronchial Diseases 41427001 C1406 M0002963 1024394 N0000000614 C0006261 Bronchial Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Bronchial Neoplasms 126705004 Bronchial Neoplasms N0000000616 C1410 C0006264 Tumors or cancer of the BRONCHI. D001984 Neoplasms, Bronchial 986912 M0002965 Bronchial Spasm [Disease/Finding] 4386001 C1412 Spasmodic contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi. C0006266 Bronchial Spasm N0000000617 D001986 Bronchospasm M0002967 1024176 Bronchial Spasm Bronchitis [Disease/Finding] 1025453 N0000000622 C1422 Inflammation of the large airways in the lung including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to the TERTIARY BRONCHI. 266354009 Bronchitis M0002972 C0006277 Bronchitis 32398004 D001991 Brucellosis [Disease/Finding] N0000000627 75702008 C1432 Malta Fever Gibraltar fever Brucellosis 1022508 Cyprus fever Undulant Fever Infection caused by bacteria of the genus BRUCELLA mainly involving the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. This condition is characterized by fever, weakness, malaise, and weight loss. Brucellosis C0006309 D002006 M0002989 Bulimia [Disease/Finding] Binge Eating Eating an excess amount of food in a short period of time, as seen in the disorder of BULIMIA NERVOSA. It is caused by an abnormal craving for food, or insatiable hunger also known as "ox hunger". C0006370 Bulimia M0003021 1024255 Bulimia D002032 C1438 N0000000630 78004001 Bundle-Branch Block [Disease/Finding] 1022539 195048003 M0003027 6374002 D002037 A form of heart block in which the electrical stimulation of HEART VENTRICLES is interrupted at either one of the branches of BUNDLE OF HIS thus preventing the simultaneous depolarization of the two ventricles. Bundle-Branch Block Bundle-Branch Block C1440 C0006384 N0000000631 Bursitis [Disease/Finding] 1022311 Bursitis M0003070 C1456 Bursitis 84017003 N0000000639 D002062 C0006444 Inflammation or irritation of a bursa, the fibrous sac that acts as a cushion between moving structures of bones, muscles, tendons or skin. Cachexia [Disease/Finding] D002100 1023603 238108007 M0003126 Cachexia C0006625 N0000000641 General ill health, malnutrition, and weight loss, usually associated with chronic disease. Cachexia C1460 Calcium Metabolism Disorders [Disease/Finding] 71638002 M0003174 Calcium Metabolism Disorders N0000000646 C0006705 D002128 C1470 Calcium Metabolism Disorders Disorders in the processing of calcium in the body: its absorption, transport, storage, and utilization. 1024541 Campylobacter Infections [Disease/Finding] Infections, Campylobacter N0000000649 86500004 Campylobacter Infections C1476 1022934 M0003245 D002169 Infections with bacteria of the genus CAMPYLOBACTER. Campylobacter Infections C0006818 Candidiasis [Disease/Finding] Candidiasis Candidiasis Moniliasis Infection with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. It is usually a superficial infection of the moist areas of the body and is generally caused by CANDIDA ALBICANS. (Dorland, 27th ed) N0000000650 C1478 C0006840 1022538 M0003258 D002177 78048006 Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous [Disease/Finding] C1480 A clinical syndrome characterized by development, usually in infancy or childhood, of a chronic, often widespread candidiasis of skin, nails, and mucous membranes. It may be secondary to one of the immunodeficiency syndromes, inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, or associated with defects in cell-mediated immunity, endocrine disorders, dental stomatitis, or malignancy. 1023229 Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous 234568006 N0000000651 D002178 C0006845 M0003259 Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis, Oral [Disease/Finding] 79740000 Candidiasis, Oral Candidiasis, Oral Infection of the mucous membranes of the mouth by a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. (Dorland, 27th ed) Moniliasis, Oral C0006849 Thrush N0000000653 C1484 M0003261 D002180 1022622 Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal [Disease/Finding] N0000000654 C0700345 Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal M0003262 Moniliasis, Vulvovaginal C1486 1024776 D002181 72605008 Infection of the VULVA and VAGINA with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal Carcinoma [Disease/Finding] Epithelial Tumors, Malignant M0003424 Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm but is often wrongly used as a synonym for "cancer." (From Dorland, 27th ed) D002277 Malignant Epithelial Neoplasms Epithelioma 68453008 Epithelial Neoplasms, Malignant N0000000664 C1506 1024578 C0007097 Neoplasms, Malignant Epithelial Carcinoma Carcinoma, Basal Cell [Disease/Finding] 254701007 275265005 M0003431 D002280 N0000000667 1023628 Ulcer, Rodent C0007117 A malignant skin neoplasm that seldom metastasizes but has potentialities for local invasion and destruction. Clinically it is divided into types: nodular, cicatricial, morphaic, and erythematoid (pagetoid). They develop on hair-bearing skin, most commonly on sun-exposed areas. Approximately 85% are found on the head and neck area and the remaining 15% on the trunk and limbs. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1471) Carcinoma, Basal Cell C1512 Epithelioma, Basal Cell Rodent Ulcer Carcinoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Bronchogenic [Disease/Finding] 1027239 Carcinoma, Bronchial M0003434 254622008 D002283 363493006 Carcinoma, Bronchogenic Malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelium of the BRONCHI. It represents a large group of epithelial lung malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA. C1518 N0000000670 Carcinoma, Bronchogenic C0007121 Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung [Disease/Finding] D002289 N0000000676 Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung C0007131 C1530 A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy. 1022450 Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer M0003440 254637007 Carcinoma, Renal Cell [Disease/Finding] Adenocarcinoma, Renal Cell A heterogeneous group of sporadic or hereditary carcinoma derived from cells of the KIDNEYS. There are several subtypes including the clear cells, the papillary, the chromophobe, the collecting duct, the spindle cells (sarcomatoid), or mixed cell-type carcinoma. 188251003 M0003442 N0000000678 Nephroid Carcinoma Renal Cell Cancer Carcinoma, Renal Cell D002292 1025619 Carcinoma, Renal Cell C0007134 C1534 Renal Cell Carcinoma Cardiac Tamponade [Disease/Finding] Cardiac Tamponade 1024098 C1546 Compression of the heart by accumulated fluid (PERICARDIAL EFFUSION) or blood (HEMOPERICARDIUM) in the PERICARDIUM surrounding the heart. The affected cardiac functions and CARDIAC OUTPUT can range from minimal to total hemodynamic collapse. C0007177 M0003456 Pericardial Tamponade N0000000684 Cardiac Tamponade 35304003 D002305 Cardiovascular Diseases [Disease/Finding] 49601007 1022075 105980002 Cardiovascular Diseases N0000000689 M0003473 C0007222 Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM. C1556 Cardiovascular Diseases D002318 Cartilage Diseases [Disease/Finding] D002357 50927007 367355001 C0007302 N0000000694 1023741 C1566 Cartilage Diseases Pathological processes involving the chondral tissue (CARTILAGE). Cartilage Diseases M0003568 Central Nervous System Diseases [Disease/Finding] D002493 C1596 Central Nervous System Disorders M0003805 23853001 Central Nervous System Diseases N0000000709 Central Nervous System Diseases CNS Diseases 1023588 C0007682 Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord. Central Nervous System Infections [Disease/Finding] C1598 128117002 1026115 D002494 Pathogenic infections of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. DNA VIRUS INFECTIONS; RNA VIRUS INFECTIONS; BACTERIAL INFECTIONS; MYCOPLASMA INFECTIONS; SPIROCHAETALES INFECTIONS; fungal infections; PROTOZOAN INFECTIONS; HELMINTHIASIS; and PRION DISEASES may involve the central nervous system as a primary or secondary process. M0003806 Infections, Central Nervous System Central Nervous System Infections Central Nervous System Infection Central Nervous System Infections C0007684 N0000000710 Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis [Disease/Finding] Embolism or thrombosis involving blood vessels which supply intracranial structures. Emboli may originate from extracranial or intracranial sources. Thrombosis may occur in arterial or venous structures. C1618 D002542 N0000000720 M0333623 C0007781 Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis 1027996 Cerebral Infarction [Disease/Finding] C0007785 D002544 C1622 266256009 1025113 Cerebral Infarction The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow. Infarcts of the cerebrum are generally classified by hemisphere (i.e., left vs. right), lobe (e.g., frontal lobe infarction), arterial distribution (e.g., INFARCTION, ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY), and etiology (e.g., embolic infarction). N0000000722 Cerebral Infarction Infarction, Cerebral M0003885 Brain Ischemia [Disease/Finding] D002545 N0000000723 Encephalopathy, Ischemic C0007786 C1624 Brain Ischemia 389100007 Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION. 1023203 Brain Ischemia Ischemic Encephalopathy M0003886 Ischemic Attack, Transient [Disease/Finding] Brain TIA Ischemic Attack, Transient TIA (Transient Ischemic Attack) C0007787 N0000000724 Transient Ischemic Attack C1626 1023504 266257000 M0003887 313242003 Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6) Ischemic Attack, Transient D002546 Cerebrovascular Disorders [Disease/Finding] Intracranial Vascular Disorders 1022010 C1638 N0000000730 Cerebrovascular Disorders C0007820 Vascular Diseases, Intracranial Cerebrovascular Disorders D002561 A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES; or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others. M0003914 Brain Vascular Disorders 62914000 Chest Pain [Disease/Finding] D002637 N0000000746 Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest. M0004035 C0008031 1024345 Chest Pain Chest Pain C1670 29857009 Chickenpox [Disease/Finding] Chickenpox 1025604 38907003 C0008049 Varicella C1676 M0004041 N0000000749 Chicken Pox D002644 A highly contagious infectious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN). It usually affects children, is spread by direct contact or respiratory route via droplet nuclei, and is characterized by the appearance on the skin and mucous membranes of successive crops of typical pruritic vesicular lesions that are easily broken and become scabbed. Chickenpox is relatively benign in children, but may be complicated by pneumonia and encephalitis in adults. (From Dorland, 27th ed) Chickenpox Child Behavior Disorders [Disease/Finding] C0008066 Child Behavior Disorders Disturbances considered to be pathological based on age and stage appropriateness, e.g., conduct disturbances and anaclitic depression. This concept does not include psychoneuroses, psychoses, or personality disorders with fixed patterns. N0000000751 C1680 M0004052 1029830 Child Behavior Disorders D002653 Child Development Disorders, Pervasive [Disease/Finding] M0004062 D002659 Severe distortions in the development of many basic psychological functions that are not normal for any stage in development. These distortions are manifested in sustained social impairment, speech abnormalities, and peculiar motor movements. Pervasive Child Development Disorders Child Development Disorders, Pervasive Child Development Disorders, Pervasive C0008074 C1684 N0000000753 1028303 Chlamydia Infections [Disease/Finding] C1686 M0004107 105629000 N0000000754 Chlamydia Infections Chlamydia Infections Infections, Chlamydia Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA. C0008149 D002690 1023626 Chlamydiaceae Infections [Disease/Finding] C1688 C0008153 987383 Chlamydiaceae Infections Infections with bacteria of the family CHLAMYDIACEAE. N0000000755 Chlamydiaceae Infections M0004111 D002694 Cholestasis [Disease/Finding] 197446008 Bile Duct Obstruction Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS). 30144000 C1702 1023457 Cholestasis C0008370 N0000000762 Biliary Stasis D002779 M0004258 Cholestasis Cholestasis, Intrahepatic [Disease/Finding] N0000000763 Biliary Stasis, Intrahepatic D002780 4637005 M0004262 C1704 1028249 Cholestasis, Intrahepatic Bile Duct Obstruction, Intrahepatic Cholestasis, Intrahepatic C0008372 Impairment of bile flow due to injury to the HEPATOCYTES; BILE CANALICULI; or the intrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC). Intrahepatic Cholestasis Choriocarcinoma [Disease/Finding] Choriocarcinoma D002822 M0004339 A malignant metastatic form of trophoblastic tumors. Unlike the HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, choriocarcinoma contains no CHORIONIC VILLI but rather sheets of undifferentiated cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts (TROPHOBLASTS). It is characterized by the large amounts of CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN produced. Tissue origins can be determined by DNA analyses: placental (fetal) origin or non-placental origin (CHORIOCARCINOMA, NON-GESTATIONAL). C0008497 C1728 N0000000775 188188009 Choriocarcinoma 1025772 Chromoblastomycosis [Disease/Finding] M0004392 187079000 238441002 Chromomycosis Chromoblastomycosis Dermatitis Verrucosa N0000000782 D002862 Scaly papule or warty growth, caused by five fungi, that spreads as a result of satellite lesions affecting the foot or leg. The extremity may become swollen and, at its distal portion, covered with various nodular, tumorous, verrucous lesions that resemble cauliflower. In rare instances, the disease may begin on the hand or wrist and involve the entire upper extremity. (Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p362) C0008582 C1742 1024319 Chromoblastomycosis 252402000 Cicatrix [Disease/Finding] N0000000790 C1758 M0004472 Scar 1024421 D002921 Scars C2004491 Cicatrix Cicatrix 275322007 The fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING. Clostridium Infections [Disease/Finding] Infections with bacteria of the genus CLOSTRIDIUM. D003015 Clostridium Infections N0000000796 Clostridium Infections M0004637 56688005 989684 C1770 C0009062 Infections, Clostridium Cluster Headache [Disease/Finding] Histamine Cephalgia Cluster Headache Cluster Headache Ciliary Neuralgia 1022422 Horton's Syndrome C1774 C0009088 Cluster Headache Syndrome Headache, Cluster A primary headache disorder that is characterized by severe, strictly unilateral PAIN which is orbital, supraorbital, temporal or in any combination of these sites, lasting 15-180 min. occurring 1 to 8 times a day. The attacks are associated with one or more of the following, all of which are ipsilateral: conjunctival injection, lacrimation, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, facial SWEATING, eyelid EDEMA, and miosis. (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1) 193947008 193031009 D003027 N0000000798 Horton Syndrome 230473009 Chronic Cluster Headache Neuralgic Migraine M0004652 Coccidioidomycosis [Disease/Finding] San Joaquin Valley Fever Valley Fever M0004676 1023493 Coccidioides immitis Infection Coccidioidomycosis D003047 C0009186 N0000000800 Infection with a fungus of the genus COCCIDIOIDES, endemic to the SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES. It is sometimes called valley fever but should not be confused with RIFT VALLEY FEVER. Infection is caused by inhalation of airborne, fungal particles known as arthroconidia, a form of FUNGAL SPORES. A primary form is an acute, benign, self-limited respiratory infection. A secondary form is a virulent, severe, chronic, progressive granulomatous disease with systemic involvement. It can be detected by use of COCCIDIOIDIN. Coccidioidomycosis C1778 60826002 Coccidiosis [Disease/Finding] C0009187 M0004678 1023852 Coccidiosis Coccidiosis C1780 N0000000801 Protozoan infection found in animals and man. It is caused by several different genera of COCCIDIA. D003048 62005008 Colitis [Disease/Finding] D003092 Colitis Colitis Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER. C1790 1024342 N0000000806 M0004770 C0009319 64226004 Colitis, Ulcerative [Disease/Finding] Colitis, Ulcerative Colitis, Ulcerative D003093 C0009324 1025158 64766004 M0004771 N0000000807 Ulcerative Colitis C1792 Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN. Collagen Diseases [Disease/Finding] M0004792 C0009326 N0000000808 D003095 Collagen Diseases Collagen Diseases 1022203 Historically, a heterogeneous group of acute and chronic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, etc. This classification was based on the notion that "collagen" was equivalent to "connective tissue", but with the present recognition of the different types of collagen and the aggregates derived from them as distinct entities, the term "collagen diseases" now pertains exclusively to those inherited conditions in which the primary defect is at the gene level and affects collagen biosynthesis, post-translational modification, or extracellular processing directly. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1494) C1794 81573002 Colonic Diseases [Disease/Finding] Pathological processes in the COLON region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE). D003108 M0004814 Colonic Diseases Colonic Diseases C0009373 1025915 C1800 N0000000811 128524007 Colonic Diseases, Functional [Disease/Finding] Colonic Diseases, Functional 1026889 C0009374 Colonic Diseases, Functional Functional Colonic Diseases Chronic or recurrent colonic disorders without an identifiable structural or biochemical explanation. The widely recognized IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME falls into this category. N0000000812 D003109 M0004815 C1802 Colonic Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Neoplasms, Colonic C1804 D003110 Colonic Neoplasms Colonic Neoplasms N0000000813 1024201 C0009375 Tumors or cancer of the COLON. Colon Neoplasms M0004817 126838000 Coma [Disease/Finding] A profound state of unconsciousness associated with depressed cerebral activity from which the individual cannot be aroused. Coma generally occurs when there is dysfunction or injury involving both cerebral hemispheres or the brain stem RETICULAR FORMATION. D003128 C1816 N0000000819 M0004841 988251 Coma Coma 371632003 C0009421 Comatose Confusion [Disease/Finding] C0009676 D003221 C1838 1021821 N0000000830 M0005001 A mental state characterized by bewilderment, emotional disturbance, lack of clear thinking, and perceptual disorientation. 286933003 Confusion Confusion Confusional State Conjunctival Diseases [Disease/Finding] N0000000831 C0009759 M0005013 59698003 Conjunctival Diseases 1024252 C1840 D003229 Conjunctival Diseases Conjunctivitis [Disease/Finding] Conjunctivitis 9826008 1026151 Conjunctivitis 193875009 D003231 M0005015 C0009763 C1844 N0000000833 Conjunctivitis, Bacterial [Disease/Finding] Conjunctivitis, Purulent 243462001 Purulent infections of the conjunctiva by several species of gram-negative, gram-positive, or acid-fast organisms. Some of the more commonly found genera causing conjunctival infections are Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Chlamydia. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Conjunctivitis, Mucopurulent D003234 N0000000836 C0009768 Bacterial Conjunctivitides Conjunctivitis, Bacterial 128350005 243321006 Conjunctivitides, Bacterial 1024334 C1850 M0005021 Conjunctivitis, Bacterial Connective Tissue Diseases [Disease/Finding] M0005027 C0009782 C1856 D003240 Connective Tissue Diseases 105969002 N0000000839 A heterogeneous group of disorders, some hereditary, others acquired, characterized by abnormal structure or function of one or more of the elements of connective tissue, i.e., collagen, elastin, or the mucopolysaccharides. 986518 Connective Tissue Diseases Consciousness Disorders [Disease/Finding] C0009792 M0005031 Organic mental disorders in which there is impairment of the ability to maintain awareness of self and environment and to respond to environmental stimuli. Dysfunction of the cerebral hemispheres or brain stem RETICULAR FORMATION may result in this condition. 1031236 N0000000840 Consciousness Disorders Consciousness Disorders C1858 D003244 Constipation [Disease/Finding] 14760008 Constipation M0005043 1022104 C1860 Constipation Infrequent or difficult evacuation of FECES. These symptoms are associated with a variety of causes, including low DIETARY FIBER intake, emotional or nervous disturbances, systemic and structural disorders, drug-induced aggravation, and infections. N0000000841 C0009806 D003248 Corneal Diseases [Disease/Finding] M0005177 15250008 1024256 C0010034 Corneal Diseases C1880 N0000000851 D003316 Corneal Diseases Diseases of the cornea. Coronary Artery Disease [Disease/Finding] 53741008 C1890 Coronary Artery Disease 414024009 C1956346 Coronary Artery Disease N0000000856 M0502868 1103697 Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause. D003324 Coronary Disease [Disease/Finding] Coronary Heart Disease 1022922 C1892 53741008 N0000000857 An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels. Coronary Disease M0005191 C0010068 Coronary Disease D003327 Coronary Thrombosis [Disease/Finding] D003328 1025738 Coronary Thrombosis N0000000858 M0005194 398274000 Coagulation of blood in any of the CORONARY VESSELS. The presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) often leads to MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. Coronary Thrombosis C0010072 C1894 Thrombosis, Coronary Coronary Vasospasm [Disease/Finding] N0000000859 Spasm of the large- or medium-sized coronary arteries. Coronary Vasospasm Coronary Vasospasm C0010073 D003329 C1896 23687008 1021875 Coronary Artery Vasospasm M0005195 Cranial Nerve Diseases [Disease/Finding] C0010266 Disorders of one or more of the twelve cranial nerves. With the exception of the optic and olfactory nerves, this includes disorders of the brain stem nuclei from which the cranial nerves originate or terminate. 1023353 Cranial Nerve Disorders Neuropathies, Cranial 73013002 Cranial Nerve Diseases Cranial Nerve Diseases C1910 Cranial Neuropathies D003389 N0000000866 Nervus Cranialis Disorders M0005279 Crohn Disease [Disease/Finding] Crohn's Disease D003424 A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients. N0000000875 34000006 C1928 M0005335 C0010346 Crohn Disease Crohn Disease 1024195 Cryoglobulinemia [Disease/Finding] 30911005 C0010403 C1936 M0005376 N0000000879 Cryoglobulinemia Cryoglobulinemia A condition characterized by the presence of abnormal quantities of CRYOGLOBULINS in the blood. Upon cold exposure, these abnormal proteins precipitate into the microvasculature leading to restricted blood flow in the exposed areas. D003449 1027021 Cryptococcosis [Disease/Finding] Cryptococcosis 1021843 C0010414 N0000000880 Cryptococcosis Infection with a fungus of the species CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS. 42386007 M0005381 C1938 Torulosis D003453 Cushing Syndrome [Disease/Finding] Hypercortisolism C0010481 190505004 Cushing Syndrome Cushing's Syndrome D003480 Cushing Syndrome M0005427 N0000000883 A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excess levels of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) or other GLUCOCORTICOIDS from endogenous or exogenous sources. It is characterized by upper body OBESITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; HIRSUTISM; AMENORRHEA; and excess body fluid. Endogenous Cushing syndrome or spontaneous hypercortisolism is divided into two groups, those due to an excess of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN and those that are ACTH-independent. C1944 1023535 Cystinuria [Disease/Finding] D003555 Cystinuria 1024925 M0005557 An inherited disorder due to defective reabsorption of CYSTINE and other BASIC AMINO ACIDS by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. This form of aminoaciduria is characterized by the abnormally high urinary levels of cystine; LYSINE; ARGININE; and ORNITHINE. Mutations involve the amino acid transport protein gene SLC3A1. 85020001 C0010691 Cystinuria C1964 N0000000893 Cystitis [Disease/Finding] 38822007 C0010692 D003556 1024624 Cystitis M0005558 N0000000894 C1966 Cystitis Inflammation of the URINARY BLADDER, either from bacterial or non-bacterial causes. Cystitis is usually associated with painful urination (dysuria), increased frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain. Cytomegalovirus Infections [Disease/Finding] M0005604 D003586 N0000000897 C0010823 Cytomegalovirus Infections Salivary Gland Virus Disease Inclusion Disease Infections, Cytomegalovirus Infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, characterized by enlarged cells bearing intranuclear inclusions. Infection may be in almost any organ, but the salivary glands are the most common site in children, as are the lungs in adults. Cytomegalovirus Infections C1972 Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease 1023187 28944009 Deficiency Diseases [Disease/Finding] D003677 Deficiency Diseases Deficiency Diseases M0005753 N0000000909 A condition produced by dietary or metabolic deficiency. The term includes all diseases caused by an insufficient supply of essential nutrients, i.e., protein (or amino acids), vitamins, and minerals. It also includes an inadequacy of calories. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed) 1025258 C0011156 C1996 Deglutition Disorders [Disease/Finding] Deglutition Disorders 1023938 M0005756 C1998 Deglutition Disorders Difficulty in SWALLOWING which may result from neuromuscular disorder or mechanical obstruction. Dysphagia is classified into two distinct types: oropharyngeal dysphagia due to malfunction of the PHARYNX and UPPER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER; and esophageal dysphagia due to malfunction of the ESOPHAGUS. 40739000 N0000000910 D003680 Dysphagia C0011168 Swallowing Disorders Delirium [Disease/Finding] 2776000 A disorder characterized by CONFUSION; inattentiveness; disorientation; ILLUSIONS; HALLUCINATIONS; agitation; and in some instances autonomic nervous system overactivity. It may result from toxic/metabolic conditions or structural brain lesions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp411-2) D003693 1024817 C2002 C0011206 Delirium Delirium M0005774 N0000000912 Hepatitis D [Disease/Finding] Infection, Delta 1023265 M0005790 Delta Hepatitis INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS, a defective RNA virus that can only infect HEPATITIS B patients. For its viral coating, hepatitis delta virus requires the HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS produced by these patients. Hepatitis D can occur either concomitantly with (coinfection) or subsequent to (superinfection) hepatitis B infection. Similar to hepatitis B, it is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact. C0011226 Hepatitis, Delta C2004 Hepatitis D D003699 Delta Infection N0000000913 Hepatitis D Dementia [Disease/Finding] C2006 Dementia C0497327 M0005797 Dementia 1022551 Amentia D003704 N0000000914 52448006 An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness. Demyelinating Diseases [Disease/Finding] Demyelinating Diseases M0005825 D003711 Demyelinating Diseases Demyelinating Disorders C2008 N0000000915 1026682 Diseases characterized by loss or dysfunction of myelin in the central or peripheral nervous system. C0011303 Depressive Disorder [Disease/Finding] D003866 C0011581 Depressive Disorder Depressive Disorder 35489007 1026289 C2054 N0000000938 An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent. M0006033 Neurosis, Depressive Dermatitis [Disease/Finding] C2056 1023378 182782007 Dermatitis M0006046 C0011603 Any inflammation of the skin. D003872 Dermatitis N0000000939 Dermatitis, Exfoliative [Disease/Finding] N0000000940 Erythroderma 200948000 399992009 396349005 D003873 400005007 Dermatitis, Exfoliative M0006047 C2058 C0011606 Dermatitis Exfoliativa 1022880 396350005 The widespread involvement of the skin by a scaly, erythematous dermatitis occurring either as a secondary or reactive process to an underlying cutaneous disorder (e.g., atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, etc.), or as a primary or idiopathic disease. It is often associated with the loss of hair and nails, hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles, and pruritus. (From Dorland, 27th ed) Dermatitis, Exfoliative Dermatitis Herpetiformis [Disease/Finding] C2060 1026352 Rare, chronic, papulo-vesicular disease characterized by an intensely pruritic eruption consisting of various combinations of symmetrical, erythematous, papular, vesicular, or bullous lesions. The disease is strongly associated with the presence of HLA-B8 and HLA-DR3 antigens. A variety of different autoantibodies has been detected in small numbers in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis. Dermatitis Herpetiformis Dermatitis Herpetiformis N0000000941 Duhring's Disease 111196000 M0006048 Duhring Disease D003874 C0011608 Drug Eruptions [Disease/Finding] 1025301 275447008 M0006049 28926001 Drug Eruptions Dermatitis, Adverse Drug Reaction N0000000942 Adverse cutaneous reactions caused by ingestion, parenteral use, or local application of a drug. These may assume various morphologic patterns and produce various types of lesions. D003875 403675008 Dermatitis Medicamentosa C0011609 Drug Eruptions C2062 Dermatitis, Atopic [Disease/Finding] Eczema, Atopic 200773006 Neurodermatitis, Disseminated 1022124 Neurodermatitis, Atopic C0011615 Dermatitis, Atopic M0006050 N0000000943 Dermatitis, Atopic D003876 24079001 200775004 A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema. C2064 Dermatomycoses [Disease/Finding] N0000000945 Skin Diseases, Fungal C0011630 14560005 276206000 Fungal Skin Diseases C2068 Dermatomycosis Dermatomycoses Dermatomycoses 1021749 D003881 Superficial infections of the skin or its appendages by any of various fungi. M0006059 Diabetes Mellitus [Disease/Finding] M0006148 73211009 C0011849 D003920 Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE. 990753 C2078 N0000000950 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 [Disease/Finding] 44054006 M0006155 Diabetes Mellitus, Stable Maturity-Onset Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Non Insulin Dependent D003924 N0000000954 C0011860 MODY Diabetes Mellitus, Maturity-Onset NIDDM Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Slow-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis-Resistant A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY. Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset 1025564 C2086 Diabetes Mellitus, Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathies [Disease/Finding] M0006160 C2092 D003928 KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE. Diabetic Kidney Disease N0000000957 197605007 Diabetic Nephropathy 54181000 127013003 C0011881 21858001 Diabetic Nephropathies 1021799 Diabetic Nephropathies Diabetic Neuropathies [Disease/Finding] M0006162 C0011882 230572002 N0000000958 Diabetic Neuropathies Diabetic Neuropathies Peripheral, autonomic, and cranial nerve disorders that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. These conditions usually result from diabetic microvascular injury involving small blood vessels that supply nerves (VASA NERVORUM). Relatively common conditions which may be associated with diabetic neuropathy include third nerve palsy (see OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES); MONONEUROPATHY; mononeuropathy multiplex; diabetic amyotrophy; a painful POLYNEUROPATHY; autonomic neuropathy; and thoracoabdominal neuropathy. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1325) C2094 267382005 1027333 D003929 Diarrhea [Disease/Finding] C0011991 Diarrhea D003967 267060006 N0000000963 1022243 C2104 62315008 An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight. M0006212 Diarrhea 398032003 Digestive System Diseases [Disease/Finding] N0000000973 C0012242 Digestive System Diseases Diseases in any part of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or the accessory organs (LIVER; BILIARY TRACT; PANCREAS). M0006374 1023342 C2124 D004066 53619000 Digestive System Diseases Digestive System Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] 128348002 M0006375 Neoplasms, Digestive System N0000000974 1027801 C2126 Digestive System Neoplasms 128415001 C0012243 D004067 189527000 Tumors or cancer of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. Digestive System Neoplasms Diverticulitis [Disease/Finding] 197102009 D004238 Diverticulitis 1027287 C2154 307496006 N0000000988 M0006630 C0012813 Inflammation of a DIVERTICULUM or diverticula. Diverticulitis DNA Virus Infections [Disease/Finding] M0006675 C0012922 1027612 D004266 DNA Virus Infections N0000000993 DNA Virus Infections Infections, DNA Virus C2164 Drug Hypersensitivity [Disease/Finding] D004342 Drug Allergy Drug Hypersensitivity 416093006 Drug Hypersensitivity 416098002 C0013182 M0006829 Hypersensitivity, Drug Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally. Allergy, Drug C2176 1024684 N0000000999 Drug Toxicity [Disease/Finding] 7895008 N0000001000 Drug Toxicity D004362 C0013221 Manifestations of the adverse effects of drugs administered therapeutically or in the course of diagnostic techniques. It does not include accidental or intentional poisoning for which specific headings are available. C2178 1022029 M0006855 Toxicity, Drug Drug Toxicity Ductus Arteriosus, Patent [Disease/Finding] M0006877 Patency of the Ductus Arteriosus N0000001003 Ductus Arteriosus, Patent C2184 83330001 A congenital heart defect characterized by the persistent opening of fetal DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS that connects the PULMONARY ARTERY to the descending aorta (AORTA, DESCENDING) allowing unoxygenated blood to bypass the lung and flow to the PLACENTA. Normally, the ductus is closed shortly after birth. C0013274 1021972 D004374 Ductus Arteriosus, Patent Duodenal Diseases [Disease/Finding] N0000001005 Pathological conditions in the DUODENUM region of the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL). C0013289 D004378 M0006881 1022796 C2188 Duodenal Diseases Duodenal Diseases 52182008 Duodenal Ulcer [Disease/Finding] A PEPTIC ULCER located in the DUODENUM. D004381 Duodenal Ulcer C0013295 1025099 C2194 196672001 N0000001008 51868009 367474008 M0006885 Duodenal Ulcer Dysentery [Disease/Finding] 111939009 D004403 Infectious Diarrheal Disease N0000001016 C0013369 1022956 C2210 236076004 M0006913 Dysentery Dysentery 19213003 Acute inflammation of the intestine associated with infectious DIARRHEA of various etiologies, generally acquired by eating contaminated food containing TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL derived from BACTERIA or other microorganisms. Dysentery is characterized initially by watery FECES then by bloody mucoid stools. It is often associated with ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; and DEHYDRATION. Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced [Disease/Finding] N0000001022 C0013386 Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced 1022304 Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck, and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199) 102448004 M0006920 C2222 Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced D004409 Dysmenorrhea [Disease/Finding] Dysmenorrhea C2228 M0006924 Menstruation, Painful N0000001025 C0013390 Painful menstruation. 266599000 Pain, Menstrual 986315 D004412 Dysmenorrhea Edema [Disease/Finding] C2292 M0007051 1022374 Edema 79654002 Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. Dropsy 20741006 N0000001057 D004487 C0013604 Hydrops Emaciation [Disease/Finding] N0000001066 C0013911 Emaciation Emaciation M0007242 Clinical manifestation of excessive LEANNESS usually caused by disease or a lack of nutrition (MALNUTRITION). C2310 371597004 D004614 1027077 Encephalitis [Disease/Finding] M0007337 D004660 N0000001076 C2330 Encephalitis 1022474 C0014038 Brain Inflammation Inflammation, Brain 45170000 Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition. Encephalitis Encephalitis, Arbovirus [Disease/Finding] C0014055 Infections of the brain caused by arthropod-borne viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the families TOGAVIRIDAE; FLAVIVIRIDAE; BUNYAVIRIDAE; REOVIRIDAE; and RHABDOVIRIDAE. Life cycles of these viruses are characterized by ZOONOSES, with birds and lower mammals serving as intermediate hosts. The virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) or TICKS. Clinical manifestations include fever, headache, alterations of mentation, focal neurologic deficits, and COMA. (From Clin Microbiol Rev 1994 Jan;7(1):89-116; Walton, Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System, 10th ed, p321) Arthropod-Borne Viral Encephalitis 192687008 285756005 186498004 Epidemic Encephalitis D004671 C2334 Encephalitis, Arbovirus 1021779 Encephalitis, Arthropod-Borne Encephalitis, Arbovirus M0007356 N0000001078 Arthropod-Borne Encephalitis Viral Encephalitis, Arthropod-Borne Encephalitis, Epidemic Encephalomyelitis [Disease/Finding] Encephalomyelitis 62950007 C0014070 Myeloencephalitis D004679 N0000001085 C2348 A general term indicating inflammation of the BRAIN and SPINAL CORD, often used to indicate an infectious process, but also applicable to a variety of autoimmune and toxic-metabolic conditions. There is significant overlap regarding the usage of this term and ENCEPHALITIS in the literature. M0007368 Encephalomyelitis 1025712 Endocarditis [Disease/Finding] Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (ENDOCARDIUM), the continuous membrane lining the four chambers and HEART VALVES. It is often caused by microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and rickettsiae. Left untreated, endocarditis can damage heart valves and become life-threatening. 1027251 M0007392 Endocarditis C2370 56819008 N0000001096 D004696 Endocarditis C0014118 Endocarditis, Bacterial [Disease/Finding] C2372 M0007393 Endocarditis, Bacterial Endocarditides, Bacterial Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or intravenous drug use. Bacterial Endocarditides N0000001097 C0014121 D004697 301183007 Bacterial Endocarditis 1021809 Endocarditis, Bacterial Endocrine System Diseases [Disease/Finding] N0000001099 Pathological processes of the ENDOCRINE GLANDS, and diseases resulting from abnormal level of available HORMONES. 362969004 Endocrine Diseases D004700 Endocrine System Diseases M0007396 Diseases of Endocrine System C2376 Endocrine System Diseases 1022080 C0014130 Endocrine Gland Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Tumors or cancer of the ENDOCRINE GLANDS. C2378 Endocrine Gland Neoplasms M0007397 Endocrine Gland Neoplasms 1022324 387922007 N0000001100 387927001 C0014132 D004701 Neoplasms, Endocrine Gland Endometriosis [Disease/Finding] D004715 Endometriosis 129103003 M0007413 1024249 C2382 Endometriosis A condition in which functional endometrial tissue is present outside the UTERUS. It is often confined to the PELVIS involving the OVARY, the ligaments, cul-de-sac, and the uterovesical peritoneum. N0000001102 C0014175 Enterobacteriaceae Infections [Disease/Finding] C0014347 C2394 M0007472 Infections, Enterobacterial Enterobacteriaceae Infections Enterobacterial Infections D004756 Infections with bacteria of the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE. 1024436 Enterobacteriaceae Infections N0000001108 Infections, Enterobacteriaceae Enterocolitis [Disease/Finding] M0007478 1025705 Enterocolitis C0014356 C2396 Inflammation of the MUCOSA of both the SMALL INTESTINE and the LARGE INTESTINE. Etiology includes ISCHEMIA, infections, allergic, and immune responses. N0000001109 D004760 43752006 Enterocolitis Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous [Disease/Finding] C0014358 C2398 Pseudomembranous Enterocolitis Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous 1025680 D004761 N0000001110 M0007479 397683000 An acute inflammation of the INTESTINAL MUCOSA that is characterized by the presence of pseudomembranes or plaques in the SMALL INTESTINE (pseudomembranous enteritis) and the LARGE INTESTINE (pseudomembranous colitis). It is commonly associated with antibiotic therapy and CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE colonization. Enuresis [Disease/Finding] 1023181 C0014394 8009008 D004775 Enuresis C2406 Involuntary discharge of URINE after expected age of completed development of urinary control. This can happen during the daytime (DIURNAL ENURESIS) while one is awake or during sleep (NOCTURNAL ENURESIS). Enuresis can be in children or in adults (as persistent primary enuresis and secondary adult-onset enuresis). M0007497 N0000001114 Enuresis Eosinophilia [Disease/Finding] M0007532 C0014457 Eosinophilia N0000001115 D004802 Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs. 1021800 C2408 191363000 Eosinophilia Ependymoma [Disease/Finding] Ependymoma N0000001117 1025308 M0007536 Glioma derived from ependymocytes that tend to present as malignant intracranial tumors in children and as benign intraspinal neoplasms in adults. It may arise from any level of the ventricular system or central canal of the spinal cord. Intracranial ependymomas most frequently originate in the FOURTH VENTRICLE and histologically are densely cellular tumors which may contain ependymal tubules and perivascular pseudorosettes. Spinal ependymomas are usually benign papillary or myxopapillary tumors. (From DeVita et al., Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2018; Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp28-9) C2412 Ependymoma C0014474 57706008 D004806 Epidermolysis Bullosa [Disease/Finding] Epidermolysis Bullosa C2424 D004820 Epidermolysis Bullosa N0000001123 61003004 1025920 M0007557 C0014527 Acantholysis Bullosa Group of genetically determined disorders characterized by the blistering of skin and mucosae. There are four major forms: acquired, simple, junctional, and dystrophic. Each of the latter three has several varieties. Epilepsy [Disease/Finding] Seizure Disorder Epilepsy C0014544 M0007564 Epilepsy 1021750 128613002 D004827 84757009 C2430 N0000001126 Seizures, Epileptic Epileptic Seizures A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313) Epilepsies, Partial [Disease/Finding] Epilepsy, Localization-Related M0007566 C2432 Partial Epilepsy Focal Seizure Disorder 230381009 C0014547 Seizure Disorder, Focal 1024007 N0000001127 Partial Seizure Disorder Epilepsies, Partial D004828 Seizure Disorder, Partial Epilepsy, Partial Epilepsy, Focal Conditions characterized by recurrent paroxysmal neuronal discharges which arise from a focal region of the brain. Partial seizures are divided into simple and complex, depending on whether consciousness is unaltered (simple partial seizure) or disturbed (complex partial seizure). Both types may feature a wide variety of motor, sensory, and autonomic symptoms. Partial seizures may be classified by associated clinical features or anatomic location of the seizure focus. A secondary generalized seizure refers to a partial seizure that spreads to involve the brain diffusely. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp317) Epilepsies, Partial Epilepsy, Generalized [Disease/Finding] Epilepsy, Generalized N0000001128 Epilepsy, Generalized 19598007 1024495 M0007570 C0014548 Seizure Disorder, Generalized Recurrent conditions characterized by epileptic seizures which arise diffusely and simultaneously from both hemispheres of the brain. Classification is generally based upon motor manifestations of the seizure (e.g., convulsive, nonconvulsive, akinetic, atonic, etc.) or etiology (e.g., idiopathic, cryptogenic, and symptomatic). (From Mayo Clin Proc, 1996 Apr;71(4):405-14) C2434 D004829 Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic [Disease/Finding] Epilepsy, Grand Mal N0000001129 Tonic-Clonic Seizure Disorder Major Motor Seizure Disorder Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic 1022827 Seizure Disorder, Grand Mal Tonic-Clonic Convulsion Disorder Epilepsy, Major Tonic-Clonic Convulsion Syndrome C0014549 M0007573 A generalized seizure disorder characterized by recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief tonic phase is marked by trunk flexion followed by diffuse extension of the trunk and extremities. The clonic phase features rhythmic flexor contractions of the trunk and limbs, pupillary dilation, elevations of blood pressure and pulse, urinary incontinence, and tongue biting. This is followed by a profound state of depressed consciousness (post-ictal state) which gradually improves over minutes to hours. The disorder may be cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (caused by an identified disease process). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p329) Tonic-Clonic Seizure Syndrome 352818000 Tonic Clonic Convulsions D004830 Seizure Disorder, Tonic Clonic Convulsions, Grand Mal Grand Mal Seizure Disorder Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic C2436 Seizure Disorder, Major Motor Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe [Disease/Finding] 1024058 C0014556 C2442 193000002 N0000001132 Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe D004833 Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe M0007578 A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by recurrent seizures that arise from foci within the temporal lobe, most commonly from its mesial aspect. A wide variety of psychic phenomena may be associated, including illusions, hallucinations, dyscognitive states, and affective experiences. The majority of complex partial seizures (see EPILEPSY, COMPLEX PARTIAL) originate from the temporal lobes. Temporal lobe seizures may be classified by etiology as cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (i.e., related to an identified disease process or lesion). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p321) Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic [Disease/Finding] 1022785 N0000001133 75023009 C0014557 C2444 M0007580 D004834 Post-Traumatic Seizure Disorder Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic Recurrent seizures causally related to CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Seizure onset may be immediate but is typically delayed for several days after the injury and may not occur for up to two years. The majority of seizures have a focal onset that correlates clinically with the site of brain injury. Cerebral cortex injuries caused by a penetrating foreign object (CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, PENETRATING) are more likely than closed head injuries (HEAD INJURIES, CLOSED) to be associated with epilepsy. Concussive convulsions are nonepileptic phenomena that occur immediately after head injury and are characterized by tonic and clonic movements. (From Rev Neurol 1998 Feb;26(150):256-261; Sports Med 1998 Feb;25(2):131-6) Seizure Disorder, Post-Traumatic Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic Epilepsy, Traumatic Erythema [Disease/Finding] Erythema 86735004 M0007679 D004890 Erythema N0000001144 C2466 C0041834 1023390 Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of causes. Erythema Multiforme [Disease/Finding] A skin and mucous membrane disease characterized by an eruption of macules, papules, nodules, vesicles, and/or bullae with characteristic "bull's-eye" lesions usually occurring on the dorsal aspect of the hands and forearms. D004892 36715001 M0007681 Erythema Multiforme Erythema Multiforme C2470 C0014742 1027514 N0000001146 Erythema Nodosum [Disease/Finding] An erythematous eruption commonly associated with drug reactions or infection and characterized by inflammatory nodules that are usually tender, multiple, and bilateral. These nodules are located predominantly on the shins with less common occurrence on the thighs and forearms. They undergo characteristic color changes ending in temporary bruise-like areas. This condition usually subsides in 3-6 weeks without scarring or atrophy. Erythema Nodosum C2472 32861005 D004893 1027500 M0007682 Erythema Nodosum N0000001147 C0014743 Escherichia coli Infections [Disease/Finding] Infections, E coli C2486 Infections, Escherichia coli D004927 N0000001154 985413 Escherichia coli Infections Escherichia coli Infections E coli Infections Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI. 71057007 C0014836 M0007733 Esophageal Diseases [Disease/Finding] Esophageal Diseases C0014852 990942 Esophageal Diseases C2496 N0000001159 Pathological processes in the ESOPHAGUS. D004935 M0007747 37657006 Esophageal Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] C2502 Neoplasms, Esophageal Esophagus Neoplasm M0007750 1023659 C0014859 Esophageal Neoplasms Esophageal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS. N0000001162 D004938 126817006 Esophagitis [Disease/Finding] INFLAMMATION, acute or chronic, of the ESOPHAGUS caused by BACTERIA, chemicals, or TRAUMA. 1022660 16761005 Esophagitis Esophagitis N0000001165 C0014868 M0007753 D004941 C2508 Eye Diseases [Disease/Finding] D005128 Eye Diseases Eye Diseases N0000001181 194183009 M0008088 1023594 C2540 C0015397 Eyelid Diseases [Disease/Finding] C0015423 C2552 N0000001187 1025672 Eyelid Diseases D005141 M0008105 Eyelid Diseases 60113004 Facial Dermatoses [Disease/Finding] 1028247 M0008112 Facial Dermatoses C0015456 C2558 D005148 Facial Dermatosis Facial Dermatoses N0000001190 Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications [Disease/Finding] D005261 C2626 M0008309 Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications N0000001224 Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications C1720765 Pathological processes of the female URINARY TRACT, the reproductive system (GENITALIA, FEMALE), and disorders related to PREGNANCY. 985609 Fever [Disease/Finding] An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process. M0008421 Hyperthermia 1021819 367493005 D005334 Fever 386661006 Pyrexia 50177009 C0015967 Fever N0000001242 C2662 Fibrosis [Disease/Finding] C0016059 1024477 Fibrosis M0008453 N0000001249 C2676 Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. D005355 Fibrosis 112674009 Foot Dermatoses [Disease/Finding] 1024965 C0016509 Foot Dermatosis M0008722 C2728 D005533 Skin diseases of the foot, general or unspecified. Foot Dermatoses Foot Dermatoses N0000001275 Foot Diseases [Disease/Finding] N0000001276 D005534 986717 Foot Diseases C0016510 Anatomical and functional disorders affecting the foot. C2730 M0008723 118932009 Foot Diseases Gastroenteritis [Disease/Finding] D005759 N0000001317 Gastroenteritis Gastroenteritis 1024672 INFLAMMATION of any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Causes of gastroenteritis are many including genetic, infection, HYPERSENSITIVITY, drug effects, and CANCER. 25374005 C2812 M0009018 C0017160 Gastroesophageal Reflux [Disease/Finding] 235595009 M0009024 Gastroesophageal Reflux D005764 Gastroesophageal Reflux Esophageal Reflux GERD Reflux, Gastroesophageal C2816 Gastro-Esophageal Reflux N0000001319 Retrograde flow of gastric juice (GASTRIC ACID) and/or duodenal contents (BILE ACIDS; PANCREATIC JUICE) into the distal ESOPHAGUS, commonly due to incompetence of the LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease 1022040 C0017168 Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Gastrointestinal Diseases [Disease/Finding] 119292006 M0009033 C2818 1022118 N0000001320 Gastrointestinal Diseases Gastrointestinal Diseases D005767 C0017178 Diseases in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Gastrointestinal Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] 1025588 M0009038 D005770 Gastrointestinal Neoplasms Neoplasms, Gastrointestinal C0017185 126768004 Gastrointestinal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, from the MOUTH to the ANAL CANAL. C2820 N0000001321 Genital Diseases, Female [Disease/Finding] Female Genital Diseases D005831 Gynecologic Diseases N0000001323 244938009 C2824 310789003 1026095 C0017411 Genital Diseases, Female M0009154 Pathological processes involving the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE). Genital Diseases, Female Genital Diseases, Male [Disease/Finding] C0017412 M0009155 N0000001324 C2826 64557000 Genital Diseases, Male Genital Diseases, Male 1021837 Male Genital Diseases D005832 Pathological processes involving the male reproductive tract (GENITALIA, MALE). Genital Neoplasms, Female [Disease/Finding] C0017416 1024023 Female Genital Neoplasms M0009156 Gynecologic Neoplasms Neoplasms, Gynecologic Genital Neoplasms, Female 126907002 C2828 D005833 N0000001325 Genital Neoplasms, Female Tumor or cancer of the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE). Neoplasms, Female Genital Genital Neoplasms, Male [Disease/Finding] C2830 Neoplasms, Male Genital 1028573 126895004 Male Genital Neoplasms D005834 Genital Neoplasms, Male Genital Neoplasms, Male Tumor or cancer of the MALE GENITALIA. N0000001326 M0009157 C0017417 Giardiasis [Disease/Finding] Giardiasis An infection of the SMALL INTESTINE caused by the flagellated protozoan GIARDIA LAMBLIA. It is spread via contaminated food and water and by direct person-to-person contact. 58265007 C0017536 Giardiasis M0009224 988685 Lambliasis D005873 N0000001331 C2840 10679007 Tourette Syndrome [Disease/Finding] N0000001334 Combined Multiple Motor and Vocal Tic Disorder Tourette's Disease Multiple Motor and Vocal Tic Disorder, Combined Combined Vocal and Multiple Motor Tic Disorder Tic Disorder, Combined Vocal and Multiple Motor Tourette Syndrome Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome D005879 A neuropsychological disorder related to alterations in DOPAMINE metabolism and neurotransmission involving frontal-subcortical neuronal circuits. Both multiple motor and one or more vocal tics need to be present with TICS occurring many times a day, nearly daily, over a period of more than one year. The onset is before age 18 and the disturbance is not due to direct physiological effects of a substance or a general medical condition. The disturbance causes marked distress or significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. (From DSM-IV, 1994; Neurol Clin 1997 May;15(2):357-79) C0040517 Tourette Disease C2846 Tourette Disorder 1024192 M0009230 Tourette Syndrome Gilles de la Tourette's Disease Tourette's Syndrome 5158005 Tourette's Disorder Glaucoma [Disease/Finding] N0000001345 D005901 C2868 Glaucoma M0009260 C0017601 1022133 23986001 An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed) Glaucoma Glaucoma, Open-Angle [Disease/Finding] 46168003 Glaucoma, Compensated Glaucoma, Open Angle Glaucoma, Pigmentary Glaucoma, Simple 193538009 Glaucoma in which the angle of the anterior chamber is open and the trabecular meshwork does not encroach on the base of the iris. C0017612 M0009261 1023893 N0000001346 84494001 Glaucoma, Compensative Glaucoma, Open-Angle Glaucoma, Open-Angle Open-Angle Glaucoma C2870 Glaucoma Simplex D005902 Glioblastoma [Disease/Finding] C0017636 Astrocytoma, Grade IV M0009269 Glioblastoma Glioblastoma N0000001347 A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures. C2872 1025895 D005909 63634009 Glioma [Disease/Finding] C2874 Glioma D005910 Glial Cell Tumors 1025030 Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21) M0009271 C0017638 N0000001348 Glioma 115240006 Glomerulonephritis [Disease/Finding] 36171008 Glomerulonephritis Glomerulonephritis 236391006 N0000001351 C2880 C0017658 M0009300 Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation, cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA; PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. D005921 1021985 Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental [Disease/Finding] Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Glomerulosclerosis, Focal C0017668 D005923 Glomerulonephritis, Focal Sclerosing M0009302 N0000001353 Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental 25821008 C2884 1026699 A clinicopathological syndrome or diagnostic term for a type of glomerular injury that has multiple causes, primary or secondary. Clinical features include PROTEINURIA, reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE, and EDEMA. Kidney biopsy initially indicates focal segmental glomerular consolidation (hyalinosis) or scarring which can progress to globally sclerotic glomeruli leading to eventual KIDNEY FAILURE. Goiter [Disease/Finding] Goiter Goiter Enlargement of the THYROID GLAND that may increase from about 20 grams to hundreds of grams in human adults. Goiter is observed in individuals with normal thyroid function (euthyroidism), thyroid deficiency (HYPOTHYROIDISM), or hormone overproduction (HYPERTHYROIDISM). Goiter may be congenital or acquired, sporadic or endemic (GOITER, ENDEMIC). C0018021 3716002 M0009516 N0000001371 D006042 C2920 1022351 Gonadal Disorders [Disease/Finding] Gonadal Disorders Pathological processes of the OVARIES or the TESTES. 986338 C0018050 N0000001376 D006058 Gonadal Disorders M0009536 C2930 Gonorrhea [Disease/Finding] C0018081 988436 D006069 C2938 Gonorrhea Gonorrhea 15628003 M0009553 N0000001380 Acute infectious disease characterized by primary invasion of the urogenital tract. The etiologic agent, NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE, was isolated by Neisser in 1879. Gout [Disease/Finding] Hereditary metabolic disorder characterized by recurrent acute arthritis, hyperuricemia and deposition of sodium urate in and around the joints, sometimes with formation of uric acid calculi. Gout C0018099 Gout N0000001382 M0009557 90560007 D006073 C2942 1026223 Graft vs Host Disease [Disease/Finding] N0000001384 Homologous Wasting Disease C2946 D006086 M0009578 Graft-vs-Host Disease 1024721 234646005 The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS HOST REACTION. Graft vs Host Disease Graft vs Host Disease C0018133 Graft-Versus-Host Disease Runt Disease Gynecomastia [Disease/Finding] Gynecomastia Male Breast Enlargement N0000001396 4754008 M0009717 D006177 Gynecomastia Enlargement of the BREAST in the males, caused by an excess of ESTROGENS. Physiological gynecomastia is normally observed in NEWBORNS; ADOLESCENT; and AGING males. C0018418 1022299 C2970 Haemophilus Infections [Disease/Finding] Infections, Hemophilus Hemophilus Infections Haemophilus Infections C0018482 Haemophilus Infections N0000001398 Infections, Haemophilus Infections with bacteria of the genus HAEMOPHILUS. C2974 1021899 41659003 D006192 M0009740 Hand Dermatoses [Disease/Finding] D006229 C2998 Hand Dermatosis Hand Dermatoses Hand Dermatoses M0009782 N0000001410 C0018567 1028376 Head and Neck Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Head, Neck Neoplasms C3010 255055008 Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651) Neoplasms, Head and Neck C0018671 M0009818 D006258 Head and Neck Neoplasms Head and Neck Neoplasms N0000001416 1024324 Craniocerebral Trauma [Disease/Finding] Craniocerebral Trauma M0009821 1024743 Injuries, Craniocerebral 82271004 Traumatic injuries involving the cranium and intracranial structures (i.e., BRAIN; CRANIAL NERVES; MENINGES; and other structures). Injuries may be classified by whether or not the skull is penetrated (i.e., penetrating vs. nonpenetrating) or whether there is an associated hemorrhage. Craniocerebral Trauma C3012 C0018674 Head Injuries N0000001417 D006259 Head Trauma Craniocerebral Injuries Injuries, Head Trauma, Head Heart Block [Disease/Finding] M0009945 233916004 C3038 1023276 Heart Block N0000001430 C0018794 Impaired conduction of cardiac impulse that can occur anywhere along the conduction pathway, such as between the SINOATRIAL NODE and the right atrium (SA block) or between atria and ventricles (AV block). Heart blocks can be classified by the duration, frequency, or completeness of conduction block. Reversibility depends on the degree of structural or functional defects. Heart Block D006327 Heart Defects, Congenital [Disease/Finding] Congenital Heart Defect N0000001431 204413006 D006330 M0009950 Heart Defect, Congenital 1022077 C3040 Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life. Heart Defects, Congenital Heart Abnormalities Heart Defects, Congenital C0018798 Congenital Heart Defects Abnormality, Heart Defects, Congenital Heart Heart Diseases [Disease/Finding] D006331 Heart Diseases Cardiac Diseases M0009951 Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities. C0018799 C3042 56265001 N0000001432 1022072 Heart Diseases Cardiomegaly [Disease/Finding] C0018800 C3044 Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES. 8186001 Enlarged Heart 1023747 D006332 Cardiomegaly Cardiomegaly Heart Enlargement M0009952 N0000001433 Heart Failure [Disease/Finding] Heart Failure 1024953 C3046 C0018802 42343007 A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. Cardiac Failure N0000001434 D006333 M0009953 Heart Failure Heartburn [Disease/Finding] C0018834 C3066 16331000 Substernal pain or burning sensation, usually associated with regurgitation of gastric juice into the esophagus. Pyrosis D006356 Heartburn Heartburn N0000001444 M0009980 1022047 Hemangioma [Disease/Finding] Hemangioma Hemangioma C3080 A vascular anomaly due to proliferation of BLOOD VESSELS that forms a tumor-like mass. The common types involve CAPILLARIES and VEINS. It can occur anywhere in the body but is most frequently noticed in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. (from Stedman, 27th ed, 2000) 400210000 189194008 N0000001451 M0010031 987582 D006391 C0018916 Hematologic Diseases [Disease/Finding] Hematologic Diseases N0000001459 Blood Diseases C3096 D006402 Hematological Diseases 1021953 Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues. 191402006 C0018939 267573000 M0010044 Hematologic Diseases Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases [Disease/Finding] Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases C0018981 Hematologic diseases and diseases of the lymphatic system collectively. Hemic diseases include disorders involving the formed elements (e.g., ERYTHROCYTE AGGREGATION, INTRAVASCULAR) and chemical components (e.g., BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS); lymphatic diseases include disorders relating to lymph, lymph nodes, and lymphocytes. C3110 D006425 Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases M0010072 N0000001466 1026878 Hemochromatosis [Disease/Finding] N0000001469 M0010098 Diabetes, Bronze Hemochromatosis 399187006 399144008 D006432 1023441 C3116 Hemochromatosis C0018995 A disorder due to the deposition of hemosiderin in the parenchymal cells, causing tissue damage and dysfunction of the liver, pancreas, heart, and pituitary. Full development of the disease in women is restricted by menstruation, pregnancy, and lower dietary intake of iron. Acquired hemochromatosis may be the result of blood transfusions, excessive dietary iron, or secondary to other disease. Idiopathic or genetic hemochromatosis is an autosomal recessive disorder of metabolism associated with a gene tightly linked to the A locus of the HLA complex on chromosome 6. (From Dorland, 27th ed) Hemoglobinopathies [Disease/Finding] 80141007 C0019045 M0010129 A group of inherited disorders characterized by structural alterations within the hemoglobin molecule. Hemoglobinopathies 1023547 D006453 C3122 N0000001472 Hemoglobinopathies Hemorrhage [Disease/Finding] N0000001481 C0019080 M0010152 Bleeding 1023287 Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel. D006470 Hemorrhage Hemorrhage C3140 195511004 Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage [Disease/Finding] Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. C0017181 M0010153 Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Hemorrhage, Gastrointestinal 266477005 D006471 74474003 C3142 1024534 N0000001482 Hemorrhagic Disorders [Disease/Finding] 1023732 D006474 N0000001485 Hemorrhagic Disorders 191331006 C3148 C0019087 M0010157 Spontaneous or near spontaneous bleeding caused by a defect in clotting mechanisms (BLOOD COAGULATION DISORDERS) or another abnormality causing a structural flaw in the blood vessels (HEMOSTATIC DISORDERS). Hemorrhagic Disorders Hemorrhagic Diathesis Hemorrhoids [Disease/Finding] M0010177 Hemorrhoids Hemorrhoids D006484 70153002 C3164 1023434 C0019112 Swollen veins in the lower part of the RECTUM or ANUS. Hemorrhoids can be inside the anus (internal), under the skin around the anus (external), or protruding from inside to outside of the anus. People with hemorrhoids may or may not exhibit symptoms which include bleeding, itching, and pain. N0000001493 Hepatitis [Disease/Finding] C0019158 M0010205 INFLAMMATION of the LIVER. 989819 C3176 D006505 128241005 197351001 Hepatitis Hepatitis N0000001499 Hepatitis, Chronic [Disease/Finding] D006521 Chronic Hepatitis N0000001504 989540 Hepatitis, Chronic 197286002 M0010227 C3186 197288001 INFLAMMATION of the LIVER with ongoing hepatocellular injury for 6 months or more, characterized by NECROSIS of HEPATOCYTES and inflammatory cell (LEUKOCYTES) infiltration. Chronic hepatitis can be caused by viruses, medications, autoimmune diseases, and other unknown factors. 76783007 Hepatitis, Chronic C0019189 Hepatitis, Viral, Human [Disease/Finding] INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans due to infection by VIRUSES. There are several significant types of human viral hepatitis with infection caused by enteric-transmission (HEPATITIS A; HEPATITIS E) or blood transfusion (HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS C; and HEPATITIS D). M0010233 990781 N0000001508 C3194 Hepatitis, Viral, Human Hepatitis, Viral, Human D006525 C0019195 Hepatitis C [Disease/Finding] Parenterally-Transmitted Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis M0010234 D006526 C0019196 1024879 Hepatitis C INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by contaminated blood parenterally, and is often associated with transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown. N0000001509 Hepatitis, Viral, Non-A, Non-B, Parenterally-Transmitted 50711007 186634008 PT-NANBH Hepatitis C C3196 Carcinoma, Hepatocellular [Disease/Finding] N0000001511 A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested. D006528 Liver Cell Carcinoma, Adult C2239176 M0010236 109841003 Carcinoma, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Hepatocellular Hepatoma 1021881 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Liver Cancer, Adult 187769009 C3200 Hepatocellular Cancer Herpes Genitalis [Disease/Finding] M0010276 C0019342 N0000001527 Herpes Simplex Virus Genital Infection Herpes Genitalis Genital Herpes 33839006 D006558 Herpes Simplex, Genital C3232 1025755 Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females. 271463009 Herpes Genitalis Herpes Simplex [Disease/Finding] C0019348 Herpes Simplex Herpes Simplex A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.) 88594005 C3238 N0000001530 1023866 M0010279 D006561 Herpes Zoster [Disease/Finding] Herpes Zoster C3240 1022292 M0010280 Zona Shingles Zoster An acute infectious, usually self-limited, disease believed to represent activation of latent varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN) in those who have been rendered partially immune after a previous attack of CHICKENPOX. It involves the SENSORY GANGLIA and their areas of innervation and is characterized by severe neuralgic pain along the distribution of the affected nerve and crops of clustered vesicles over the area. (From Dorland, 27th ed) Herpes Zoster N0000001531 C0019360 4740000 D006562 Herpesviridae Infections [Disease/Finding] 23513009 Herpesviridae Infections N0000001533 Herpesvirus Infections C0019372 Herpesviridae Infections D006566 Infections, Herpesviridae Virus diseases caused by the HERPESVIRIDAE. 1024733 Infections, Herpesvirus M0010285 C3244 High Pressure Neurological Syndrome [Disease/Finding] High Pressure Neurological Syndrome A syndrome related to increased atmospheric pressure and characterized by tremors, nausea, dizziness, decreased motor and mental performance, and SEIZURES. This condition may occur in those who dive deeply (c. 1000 ft) usually while breathing a mixture of oxygen and helium. The condition is associated with a neuroexcitatory effect of helium. C0019537 M0010353 N0000001536 HPNS C3250 D006610 High Pressure Neural Syndrome High Pressure Neurological Syndrome High Pressure Nervous Syndrome 984887 Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell [Disease/Finding] Langerhans-Cell Histiocytosis Schueller-Christian Disease N0000001544 Letterer-Siwe Disease D006646 Hand-Schüller-Christian Disease Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell Histiocytosis, Generalized 190955000 C0019621 C3266 Histiocytosis-X 65399007 989741 Histiocytosis X Langerhans-Cell Granulomatosis Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell A group of disorders resulting from the abnormal proliferation of and tissue infiltration by LANGERHANS CELLS which can be detected by their characteristic Birbeck granules (X bodies), or by monoclonal antibody staining for their surface CD1 ANTIGENS. Langerhans-cell granulomatosis can involve a single organ, or can be a systemic disorder. Hand-Schueller-Christian Disease M0010406 Hand-Schueller-Christian Syndrome 190956004 Hand-Schüller-Christian Syndrome Histoplasmosis [Disease/Finding] C3270 M0010434 187055002 Infection resulting from inhalation or ingestion of spores of the fungus of the genus HISTOPLASMA, species H. capsulatum. It is worldwide in distribution and particularly common in the midwestern United States. (From Dorland, 27th ed) C0019655 Histoplasmosis Histoplasmosis D006660 N0000001546 1025866 12962009 Hodgkin Disease [Disease/Finding] N0000001550 Hodgkin Disease Hodgkins Disease Lymphogranuloma, Malignant C0019829 Hodgkin Disease 118599009 D006689 A malignant disease characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells are seen. 1022669 Hodgkin's Disease Hodgkin Lymphoma 118606001 M0010484 C3278 188543002 Hodgkin's Lymphoma Hyperaldosteronism [Disease/Finding] 88213004 C0020428 N0000001573 D006929 Hyperaldosteronism M0010808 A condition caused by the overproduction of ALDOSTERONE. It is characterized by sodium retention and potassium excretion with resultant HYPERTENSION and HYPOKALEMIA. Aldosteronism C3324 1022951 Hyperaldosteronism Hypercalcemia [Disease/Finding] D006934 66931009 Hypercalcemia Hypercalcemia Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood. M0010814 1026898 C3332 N0000001577 C0020437 Hypercholesterolemia [Disease/Finding] D006937 C0020443 A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population. Hypercholesterolemia 13644009 N0000001580 Hypercholesteremia C3338 Hypercholesterolemia M0010818 1023485 Hyperlipidemias [Disease/Finding] C3362 M0010830 D006949 1023000 Hyperlipidemia N0000001592 Hyperlipidemias C0020473 Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood. 55822004 Hyperlipemia Hyperlipidemias Hyperlipoproteinemias [Disease/Finding] Hyperlipoproteinemias C0020476 1022876 3744001 D006951 Hyperlipoproteinemia Conditions with abnormally elevated levels of LIPOPROTEINS in the blood. They may be inherited, acquired, primary, or secondary. Hyperlipoproteinemias are classified according to the pattern of lipoproteins on electrophoresis or ultracentrifugation. M0010833 N0000001594 Hyperlipoproteinemias C3366 Hyperphagia [Disease/Finding] D006963 1023617 Hyperphagia 267023007 M0010847 Overeating C3390 Hyperphagia N0000001606 C0020505 Ingestion of a greater than optimal quantity of food. 58424009 Hypersensitivity [Disease/Finding] Allergy C3398 M0010851 Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen. 269284003 1022134 N0000001610 Hypersensitivity C0020517 127072000 D006967 106190000 Hypersensitivity Hypersensitivity, Immediate [Disease/Finding] Hypersensitivity, Atopic 1023968 Hypersensitivity, Immediate Hypersensitivity, Type I Hypersensitivity reactions which occur within minutes of exposure to challenging antigen due to the release of histamine which follows the antigen-antibody reaction and causes smooth muscle contraction and increased vascular permeability. M0010854 IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivity D006969 N0000001612 20671006 Hypersensitivity, Immediate C3402 Atopic Hypersensitivity C0020523 Type I Hypersensitivity Hypertension [Disease/Finding] C3410 Blood Pressure, High Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. 1023354 M0010859 D006973 N0000001616 C0020538 Hypertension Hypertension 38341003 Hypertension, Malignant [Disease/Finding] D006974 C0020540 70272006 Hypertension, Malignant N0000001617 C3412 M0010861 A condition of markedly elevated BLOOD PRESSURE with DIASTOLIC PRESSURE usually greater than 120 mm Hg. Malignant hypertension is characterized by widespread vascular damage, PAPILLEDEMA, retinopathy, HYPERTENSIVE ENCEPHALOPATHY, and renal dysfunction. Malignant Hypertension Hypertension, Malignant 1023442 Hyperthyroidism [Disease/Finding] Hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones increase BASAL METABOLIC RATE. C3422 D006980 1022325 34486009 Primary Hyperthyroidism N0000001622 M0010871 Hyperthyroidism Hyperthyroidism C0020550 Hypertrophy [Disease/Finding] M0010875 56246009 N0000001625 Hypertrophy Hypertrophy C0020564 General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA). C3428 1023930 D006984 Hypotension [Disease/Finding] C3476 1022536 45007003 D007022 Vascular Hypotension M0010927 Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients. N0000001649 Hypotension C0020649 Hypotension, Vascular Hypotension Blood Pressure, Low Low Blood Pressure Hypothalamic Diseases [Disease/Finding] 1024801 D007027 M0010935 Hypothalamic Diseases C3480 N0000001651 399100005 Hypothalamic Diseases C0020655 Neoplastic, inflammatory, infectious, and other diseases of the hypothalamus. Clinical manifestations include appetite disorders; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; SLEEP DISORDERS; behavioral symptoms related to dysfunction of the LIMBIC SYSTEM; and neuroendocrine disorders. Hypothalamic Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Benign and malignant tumors of the HYPOTHALAMUS. Pilocytic astrocytomas and hamartomas are relatively frequent histologic types. Neoplasms of the hypothalamus frequently originate from adjacent structures, including the OPTIC CHIASM, optic nerve (see OPTIC NERVE NEOPLASMS), and pituitary gland (see PITUITARY NEOPLASMS). Relatively frequent clinical manifestations include visual loss, developmental delay, macrocephaly, and precocious puberty. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2051) N0000001652 1021928 Tumors, Hypothalamus D007029 Hypothalamic Tumors Hypothalamus Neoplasms Hypothalamic Neoplasms 254968009 C3482 M0010937 C0020659 Hypothalamic Neoplasms Neoplasms, Hypothalamus Neoplasms, Hypothalamic Ileal Diseases [Disease/Finding] Ileal Diseases Ileal Diseases C0020875 N0000001660 C3498 1025763 M0011023 Pathological development in the ILEUM including the ILEOCECAL VALVE. D007077 Ileal Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] 126835002 C3500 1026955 M0011024 Tumors or cancer in the ILEUM region of the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL). D007078 N0000001661 C0020876 Ileal Neoplasms Ileal Neoplasms Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes [Disease/Finding] D007153 Deficiency Syndromes, Immunologic Syndromes in which there is a deficiency or defect in the mechanisms of immunity, either cellular or humoral. Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes C0021051 Deficiency Syndrome, Immunologic Immunological Deficiency Syndromes 191005003 Immunologic Deficiency Syndrome M0011155 234532001 N0000001667 1022772 C3512 Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Immune System Diseases [Disease/Finding] M0011156 C0021053 Immune Diseases Immune System Diseases 41266007 Immunologic Diseases Immunological Diseases Disorders caused by abnormal or absent immunologic mechanisms, whether humoral, cell-mediated, or both. Immune Disorders 1022843 C3514 N0000001668 Diseases of Immune System D007154 Immune System Diseases Immunoproliferative Disorders [Disease/Finding] N0000001669 1028023 Immunoproliferative Disorders 127071007 M0011164 D007160 Disorders characterized by abnormal proliferation of primary cells of the immune system or by excessive production of immunoglobulins. C3516 C0021070 Immunoproliferative Disorders Erectile Dysfunction [Disease/Finding] Male Impotence 1023399 The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION due to psychological or organ dysfunction. Erectile Dysfunction M0011178 D007172 Impotence Male Sexual Impotence 397803000 N0000001672 C0242350 Erectile Dysfunction C3522 Infant, Newborn, Diseases [Disease/Finding] C3534 Infant, Newborn, Diseases C0021290 D007232 1024869 22925008 Diseases of newborn infants present at birth (congenital) or developing within the first month of birth. It does not include hereditary diseases not manifesting at birth or within the first 30 days of life nor does it include inborn errors of metabolism. Both HEREDITARY DISEASES and METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS are available as general concepts. Infant, Newborn, Diseases N0000001678 M0011286 Infection [Disease/Finding] M0011294 C0021311 D007239 Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms that can cause pathological conditions or diseases. N0000001681 C3540 40733004 1022093 Infection Infection Infertility [Disease/Finding] 1023984 Infertility Infertility D007246 8619003 Inability to reproduce after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Reproductive sterility is permanent infertility. M0011302 C0021359 C3546 N0000001684 Inflammation [Disease/Finding] M0011307 Inflammation N0000001687 A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. C3552 D007249 Inflammation 23583003 987778 C0021368 Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders [Disease/Finding] Disorders characterized by impairment of the ability to initiate or maintain sleep. This may occur as a primary disorder or in association with another medical or psychiatric condition. 194437008 N0000001691 C3560 D007319 DIMS (Disorders of Initiating and Maintaining Sleep) Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders 1026171 Disorders of Initiating and Maintaining Sleep C0021603 M0011403 Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders Intestinal Diseases [Disease/Finding] 1023320 Intestinal Diseases N0000001698 M0011569 85919009 Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM. D007410 C3574 Intestinal Diseases C0021831 Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic [Disease/Finding] Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic 1021992 Parasitic Intestinal Diseases D007411 C0021832 N0000001699 Infections of the INTESTINES with PARASITES, commonly involving PARASITIC WORMS. Infections with roundworms (NEMATODE INFECTIONS) and tapeworms (CESTODE INFECTIONS) are also known as HELMINTHIASIS. C3576 87282003 M0011570 Intestinal Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Neoplasms, Intestinal 1023921 N0000001701 Intestinal Neoplasms 126769007 D007414 Intestinal Neoplasms Intestines Neoplasms M0011574 Tumors or cancer of the INTESTINES. C0021841 C3580 Intestinal Obstruction [Disease/Finding] Intestinal Obstruction 1023737 81060008 D007415 M0011575 N0000001702 Any impairment, arrest, or reversal of the normal flow of INTESTINAL CONTENTS toward the ANAL CANAL. C0021843 C3582 Intestinal Obstruction Intestinal Perforation [Disease/Finding] Intestinal Perforation C0021845 D007416 56905009 Opening or penetration through the wall of the INTESTINES. 1027177 C3584 Intestinal Perforation M0011577 N0000001703 Iris Diseases [Disease/Finding] Iris Diseases Iris Diseases 85478004 1027428 C3596 Diseases, dysfunctions, or disorders of or located in the iris. M0011716 D007499 N0000001709 C0022078 Iritis [Disease/Finding] Iritis Iritis N0000001710 C3598 65074000 Inflammation of the iris characterized by circumcorneal injection, aqueous flare, keratotic precipitates, and constricted and sluggish pupil along with discoloration of the iris. M0011717 1025397 D007500 C0022081 Ischemia [Disease/Finding] Ischemia M0011734 N0000001711 C3600 D007511 C0022116 1025819 Ischemia A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION. 52674009 Joint Diseases [Disease/Finding] N0000001727 M0011860 399269003 C0022408 1022553 Joint Diseases D007592 C3632 Joint Diseases Keratitis [Disease/Finding] M0011962 N0000001734 1023965 D007634 Keratitis Inflammation of the cornea. Keratitis C3646 5888003 C0022568 Keratosis [Disease/Finding] 254666005 C3660 Keratosis C0022593 Any horny growth such as a wart or callus. N0000001741 D007642 Keratosis 1026745 M0011970 Kidney Diseases [Disease/Finding] C0022658 D007674 N0000001748 Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues. M0012014 Kidney Diseases C3674 Kidney Diseases 1022215 90708001 Kidney Failure, Chronic [Disease/Finding] 90688005 Kidney Failure, Chronic End-Stage Renal Disease D007676 Renal Disease, End-Stage N0000001750 ESRD M0012016 C3678 End-Stage Kidney Disease Renal Failure, End-Stage C0022661 The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION. Kidney Failure, Chronic Renal Failure, Chronic Chronic Kidney Failure 988914 Kidney Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] 1026062 Neoplasms, Kidney Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY. Kidney Neoplasms Kidney Neoplasms Renal Neoplasms D007680 126880001 N0000001751 M0012021 C0022665 C3680 Klebsiella Infections [Disease/Finding] Infections, Klebsiella Infections with bacteria of the genus KLEBSIELLA. C3694 1027202 Klebsiella Infections Klebsiella Infections N0000001758 C0022729 M0012059 D007710 Lead Poisoning [Disease/Finding] 1027250 Lead Poisoning Lead Poisoning C0023176 D007855 N0000001791 C3760 M0012268 38342005 Poisoning, Lead Leg Dermatoses [Disease/Finding] M0012283 N0000001794 C0023219 C3766 1027712 A nonspecific term used to denote any cutaneous lesion or group of lesions, or eruptions of any type on the leg. (From Stedman, 25th ed) Leg Dermatoses Leg Dermatoses Leg Dermatosis D007868 Legionellosis [Disease/Finding] D007876 26726000 N0000001799 Infections with bacteria of the genus LEGIONELLA. Legionellosis C0023240 C3776 Legionellosis 1025570 M0012292 Legionnaires' Disease [Disease/Finding] C3778 Legionella pneumophila Infections An acute, sometimes fatal, pneumonia-like bacterial infection characterized by high fever, malaise, muscle aches, respiratory disorders and headache. It is named for an outbreak at the 1976 Philadelphia convention of the American Legion. Legionnaire Disease 1024785 M0012293 Legionnaires' Disease 269574000 N0000001800 Infections, Legionella pneumophila Legionnaires' Disease D007877 312403005 195889001 C0023241 Leiomyoma [Disease/Finding] Leiomyoma M0012316 N0000001802 Leiomyoma Fibroid D007889 189793008 189787000 A benign tumor derived from smooth muscle tissue, also known as a fibroid tumor. They rarely occur outside of the UTERUS and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT but can occur in the SKIN and SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE, probably arising from the smooth muscle of small blood vessels in these tissues. Fibroid Tumor C0023267 189788005 Fibromyoma C3782 1024283 Leishmaniasis [Disease/Finding] C3786 1026755 80612004 Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis M0012333 D007896 A disease caused by any of a number of species of protozoa in the genus LEISHMANIA. There are four major clinical types of this infection: cutaneous (Old and New World) (LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS), diffuse cutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS), mucocutaneous (LEISHMANIASIS, MUCOCUTANEOUS), and visceral (LEISHMANIASIS, VISCERAL). C0023281 N0000001804 Leishmaniasis, Visceral [Disease/Finding] M0012335 A chronic disease caused by LEISHMANIA DONOVANI and transmitted by the bite of several sandflies of the genera Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia. It is commonly characterized by fever, chills, vomiting, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, leukopenia, hypergammaglobulinemia, emaciation, and an earth-gray color of the skin. The disease is classified into three main types according to geographic distribution: Indian, Mediterranean (or infantile), and African. D007898 186803007 N0000001806 C0023290 1022315 Kala-Azar Black Fever Leishmaniasis, Visceral Leishmaniasis, Visceral C3790 Leprosy [Disease/Finding] 1026701 C3798 Hansen Disease C0023343 Hansen's Disease D007918 A chronic granulomatous infection caused by MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE. The granulomatous lesions are manifested in the skin, the mucous membranes, and the peripheral nerves. Two polar or principal types are lepromatous and tuberculoid. N0000001810 Leprosy Leprosy M0012361 81004002 Leukemia [Disease/Finding] Leukemia M0012382 188762002 C0023418 93143009 D007938 A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006) C3808 Leukemia 1021987 N0000001815 Leukemia, Hairy Cell [Disease/Finding] Reticuloendotheliosis, Leukemic 188644003 Hairy Cell Leukemia D007943 Leukemic Reticuloendotheliosis A neoplastic disease of the lymphoreticular cells which is considered to be a rare type of chronic leukemia; it is characterized by an insidious onset, splenomegaly, anemia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, little or no lymphadenopathy, and the presence of "hairy" or "flagellated" cells in the blood and bone marrow. C0023443 118613001 C3818 Leukemia, Hairy Cell Leukemia, Hairy Cell N0000001820 1022561 M0012387 Leukemia, Lymphoid [Disease/Finding] C3820 1022165 Lymphoid Leukemia C0023448 D007945 Leukemia, Lymphoid N0000001821 Lymphocytic Leukemia Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts. M0012388 Leukemia, Lymphoid Leukemia, Lymphocytic 188725004 Leukemia, Myeloid [Disease/Finding] C3830 C0023470 Leukemia, Granulocytic Granulocytic Leukemia 1023661 188732008 Leukemia, Myelocytic Myelogenous Leukemia Myeloid Leukemia Myelocytic Leukemia M0012396 Leukemia, Myeloid Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites. D007951 Leukemia, Myelogenous Leukemia, Myeloid N0000001826 Leukocyte Disorders [Disease/Finding] M0012409 Leukocyte Disorders Disordered formation of various types of leukocytes or an abnormal accumulation or deficiency of these cells. Leukocyte Disorders 1025909 C0023510 54097007 D007960 N0000001831 C3840 Leukocytosis [Disease/Finding] C3842 D007964 C0023518 N0000001832 A transient increase in the number of leukocytes in a body fluid. 111583006 Leukocytosis Leukocytosis M0012413 1022602 Leukopenia [Disease/Finding] D007970 Leukopenia Leukocytopenia M0012421 C3854 1025463 84828003 N0000001838 Leukopenia C0023530 Liver Cirrhosis [Disease/Finding] Hepatic Cirrhosis C3902 D008103 C0023890 N0000001862 Cirrhosis, Liver Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules. Liver Cirrhosis M0012636 1024193 Liver Cirrhosis 19943007 Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary [Disease/Finding] Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary C0023892 Biliary Cirrhosis 1024646 Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary D008105 C3906 FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to obstruction of BILE flow (CHOLESTASIS) in the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC; BILE DUCTS, EXTRAHEPATIC). Primary biliary cirrhosis involves the destruction of small intra-hepatic bile ducts and bile secretion. Secondary biliary cirrhosis is produced by prolonged obstruction of large intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts from a variety of causes. M0012640 N0000001864 1761006 Liver Diseases [Disease/Finding] Liver Diseases Liver Diseases 1024220 C3910 235856003 M0012644 N0000001866 D008107 C0023895 Pathological processes of the LIVER. Liver Diseases, Alcoholic [Disease/Finding] C0023896 C3912 D008108 Liver Diseases, Alcoholic Liver Diseases, Alcoholic 1024755 N0000001867 M0012646 41309000 Liver diseases associated with ALCOHOLISM. It usually refers to the coexistence of two or more subentities, i.e., ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; and ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS. Alcoholic Liver Diseases Liver Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Liver Neoplasms 1025382 Neoplasms, Liver Tumors or cancer of the LIVER. C0023903 Neoplasms, Hepatic Hepatic Neoplasms Liver Neoplasms D008113 M0012652 126851005 C3916 N0000001869 Lung Diseases [Disease/Finding] M0012744 N0000001879 Lung Diseases C3936 C0024115 Diseases, Pulmonary Lung Diseases Pulmonary Disease Pulmonary Diseases D008171 1021971 Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG. Disease, Pulmonary 19829001 Lung Diseases, Fungal [Disease/Finding] Lung Diseases, Fungal C0024116 N0000001880 Lung Diseases, Fungal Pulmonary diseases caused by fungal infections, usually through hematogenous spread. Pulmonary Fungal Infections Pulmonary Fungal Diseases C3938 Fungal Lung Diseases M0012745 D008172 1029543 Lung Diseases, Obstructive [Disease/Finding] Lung Diseases, Obstructive Obstructive Lung Diseases Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases Lung Diseases, Obstructive Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or persistent. D008173 C0600260 N0000001881 M0012746 C3940 1025962 Lung Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] 1023224 M0012749 D008175 C3944 N0000001883 Lung Neoplasms Lung Neoplasms Pulmonary Neoplasms Neoplasms, Lung Neoplasms, Pulmonary Tumors or cancer of the LUNG. 126713003 C0024121 Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous [Disease/Finding] N0000001885 C3948 C0024137 A form of lupus erythematosus in which the skin may be the only organ involved or in which skin involvement precedes the spread into other body systems. It has been classified into three forms - acute (= LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, SYSTEMIC with skin lesions), subacute, and chronic (= LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, DISCOID). D008178 M0012754 Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous 7119001 1027393 Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid [Disease/Finding] 238927000 Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous, Chronic Lupus Erythematosus, Chronic Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid C0024138 C3950 A chronic form of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, CUTANEOUS) in which the skin lesions mimic those of the systemic form but in which systemic signs are rare. It is characterized by the presence of discoid skin plaques showing varying degrees of edema, erythema, scaliness, follicular plugging, and skin atrophy. Lesions are surrounded by an elevated erythematous border. The condition typically involves the face and scalp, but widespread dissemination may occur. D008179 1022154 200938002 M0012756 N0000001886 Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic [Disease/Finding] 1023595 M0012757 D008180 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus C3952 Lupus Erythematosus Disseminatus A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow. 55464009 Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic N0000001887 C0024141 Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic Lymphatic Diseases [Disease/Finding] 1024043 111590001 Diseases of LYMPH; LYMPH NODES; or LYMPHATIC VESSELS. C3974 362971004 M0012792 C0024228 N0000001898 Lymphatic Diseases Lymphatic Diseases 234087005 D008206 Lymphoma [Disease/Finding] M0012817 118600007 1024259 Lymphoma Reticulolymphosarcoma Germinoblastoma Sarcoma, Germinoblastic A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue. C3988 C0024299 Lymphoma, Malignant Lymphoma D008223 N0000001905 Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin [Disease/Finding] Lymphoma, Small Cleaved-Cell, Diffuse Lymphoma, Nonhodgkins Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin's C0024305 Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma D008228 Lymphoma, Small Cleaved Cell, Diffuse C3998 Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkins N0000001910 Lymphoma, Nonhodgkin's M0012822 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma 118601006 Lymphoma, Atypical Diffuse Small Lymphoid Diffuse Small Cleaved-Cell Lymphoma Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease. 1024301 Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin Small Cleaved-Cell Lymphoma, Diffuse Lymphoproliferative Disorders [Disease/Finding] C0024314 D008232 N0000001914 987016 Disorders characterized by proliferation of lymphoid tissue, general or unspecified. M0012826 Duncan's Syndrome Lymphoproliferative Disorders Lymphoproliferative Disorders C4006 277466009 Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia [Disease/Finding] N0000001915 Lymphoma, Lymphocytic, Plasmacytoid 190817009 C0024419 Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia C4008 Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Lymphoma, Lymphoplasmacytoid D008258 Primary Macroglobulinemia Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinaemia A lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by pleomorphic B-LYMPHOCYTES including PLASMA CELLS, with increased levels of monoclonal serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. There is lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration into bone marrow and often other tissues, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Clinical features include ANEMIA; HEMORRHAGES; and hyperviscosity. Macroglobulinemia 190818004 1022377 M0012865 Macular Degeneration [Disease/Finding] Macular Dystrophy Maculopathy, Age-Related Macular Degeneration 987866 302891003 Macular Degeneration C0242383 Age-Related Macular Degeneration D008268 N0000001918 M0012875 Age-Related Maculopathies Maculopathies, Age-Related Degenerative changes in the RETINA usually of older adults which results in a loss of vision in the center of the visual field (the MACULA LUTEA) because of damage to the retina. It occurs in dry and wet forms. C4014 Age-Related Maculopathy Malaria [Disease/Finding] D008288 C0024530 Marsh Fever C4026 Malaria Malaria 105649009 61462000 N0000001924 Plasmodium Infections M0012910 1025176 A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia. Paludism Infections, Plasmodium Remittent Fever 186797008 Medulloblastoma [Disease/Finding] C0025149 M0013281 D008527 A malignant neoplasm that may be classified either as a glioma or as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood (see NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR, PRIMITIVE). The tumor occurs most frequently in the first decade of life with the most typical location being the cerebellar vermis. Histologic features include a high degree of cellularity, frequent mitotic figures, and a tendency for the cells to organize into sheets or form rosettes. Medulloblastoma have a high propensity to spread throughout the craniospinal intradural axis. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2060-1) Medulloblastoma Medulloblastoma 1026852 N0000001964 83217000 C4106 Megacolon [Disease/Finding] Megacolon M0013292 197144003 Megacolon Dilatation of the COLON, often to alarming dimensions. There are various types of megacolon including congenital megacolon in HIRSCHSPRUNG DISEASE, idiopathic megacolon in CONSTIPATION, and TOXIC MEGACOLON. 1024643 C0025160 C4108 D008531 N0000001965 Megacolon, Toxic [Disease/Finding] Megacolon, Toxic Megacolon, Toxic N0000001966 987192 C4110 M0013293 Toxic Megacolon 28536002 D008532 An acute form of MEGACOLON, severe pathological dilatation of the COLON. It is associated with clinical conditions such as ULCERATIVE COLITIS; CROHN DISEASE; AMEBIC DYSENTERY; or CLOSTRIDIUM ENTEROCOLITIS. C0025162 Melanoma [Disease/Finding] D008545 372244006 A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445) Malignant Melanoma Melanoma Melanoma C0025202 M0013309 N0000001969 C4116 1023577 Meningeal Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Meningeal Tumors 1022381 C4134 C0025284 Meningeal Neoplasms N0000001978 Neoplasms, Meningeal 126965008 Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord. M0013360 D008577 Meningeal Neoplasms Meningitis [Disease/Finding] Meningitis C0025289 D008581 7180009 Meningitis 192678004 1024254 C4140 N0000001981 Inflammation of the coverings of the brain and/or spinal cord, which consist of the PIA MATER; ARACHNOID; and DURA MATER. Infections (viral, bacterial, and fungal) are the most common causes of this condition, but subarachnoid hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGES, SUBARACHNOID), chemical irritation (chemical MENINGITIS), granulomatous conditions, neoplastic conditions (CARCINOMATOUS MENINGITIS), and other inflammatory conditions may produce this syndrome. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch24, p6) 192681009 M0013365 Menstruation Disturbances [Disease/Finding] Menstruation Disturbances Menstruation Disorders N0000001994 M0013402 C4166 1021753 386804004 C0025345 Menstruation Disturbances Variations of menstruation which may be indicative of disease. D008599 Mental Retardation [Disease/Finding] C4168 Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. This has multiple potential etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults. Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine whether an individual is mentally retarded. IQ scores between 70 and 79 are in the borderline mentally retarded range. Scores below 67 are in the retarded range. (Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p28) 1023334 Mental Retardation M0013414 N0000001995 91138005 Retardation, Mental Disability, Intellectual C0025362 D008607 Mental Retardation Mercury Poisoning [Disease/Finding] 1026029 Mercury Poisoning Poisoning, Mercury D008630 N0000001996 85180002 M0013450 C4170 Mercury Poisoning C0025427 Mesothelioma [Disease/Finding] M0013485 D008654 Mesothelioma Mesothelioma 62064005 A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed) N0000002003 1024487 C4184 C0025500 Metabolic Diseases [Disease/Finding] Diseases, Metabolic Metabolic Diseases D008659 Generic term for diseases caused by an abnormal metabolic process. It can be congenital due to inherited enzyme abnormality (METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS) or acquired due to disease of an endocrine organ or failure of a metabolically important organ such as the liver. (Stedman, 26th ed) 30390004 1022778 Thesaurismosis 75934005 Metabolic Diseases N0000002004 C0025517 M0013493 C4186 Metabolism, Inborn Errors [Disease/Finding] C4188 Metabolism Errors, Inborn 1024978 C0025521 Inborn Errors of Metabolism Errors in metabolic processes resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero. N0000002005 Metabolism, Inborn Errors Metabolism, Inborn Errors D008661 86095007 M0013496 Metal Metabolism, Inborn Errors [Disease/Finding] Metal Metabolism, Inborn Error Metal Metabolism, Inborn Errors C0025534 M0013499 C4190 990196 N0000002006 D008664 Metal Metabolism, Inborn Errors Stomatognathic Diseases [Disease/Finding] C4246 1027350 General or unspecified diseases of the stomatognathic system, comprising the mouth, teeth, jaws, and pharynx. Stomatognathic Diseases Stomatognathic Diseases Mouth and Tooth Diseases N0000002034 D009057 C0038368 M0014128 Mouth Diseases [Disease/Finding] C0026636 N0000002036 D009059 M0014130 Mouth Diseases Mouth Diseases 118938008 C4250 1027441 Movement Disorders [Disease/Finding] C0026650 C4256 Movement Disorder Syndromes M0014141 Dyskinesia Syndromes Movement Disorders Syndromes which feature DYSKINESIAS as a cardinal manifestation of the disease process. Included in this category are degenerative, hereditary, post-infectious, medication-induced, post-inflammatory, and post-traumatic conditions. N0000002039 60342002 Movement Disorders 1024614 D009069 Multiple Myeloma [Disease/Finding] Myeloma, Plasma-Cell 109989006 Myelomatosis A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Kahler Disease Multiple Myeloma D009101 N0000002050 C0026764 Multiple Myeloma 1022141 M0014195 Myeloma-Multiple C4278 Plasma Cell Myeloma Multiple Sclerosis [Disease/Finding] 192928003 MS (Multiple Sclerosis) 1024685 Multiple Sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis 24700007 C0026769 C4282 N0000002052 M0014197 Sclerosis, Disseminated An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903) D009103 Muscle Cramp [Disease/Finding] C0026821 D009120 55300003 1026631 Muscle Cramp M0014234 Muscular Cramp N0000002057 C4292 Cramp Muscle Cramp A sustained and usually painful contraction of muscle fibers. This may occur as an isolated phenomenon or as a manifestation of an underlying disease process (e.g., UREMIA; HYPOTHYROIDISM; MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; etc.). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1398) Muscle Hypertonia [Disease/Finding] N0000002058 C0026826 Abnormal increase in skeletal or smooth muscle tone. Skeletal muscle hypertonicity may be associated with PYRAMIDAL TRACT lesions or BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES. M0014236 D009122 1023026 C4294 Muscle Tone Increased 41581000 Muscle Hypertonia Muscle Hypertonia Muscular Hypertonicity Hypermyotonia Muscle Rigidity [Disease/Finding] Muscle Rigidity Rigidity, Muscular M0014242 C0026837 D009127 Muscle Rigidity Continuous involuntary sustained muscle contraction which is often a manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES. When an affected muscle is passively stretched, the degree of resistance remains constant regardless of the rate at which the muscle is stretched. This feature helps to distinguish rigidity from MUSCLE SPASTICITY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p73) 16046003 C4298 1026262 N0000002060 Muscle Spasticity [Disease/Finding] Muscle Spasticity 221360009 D009128 N0000002061 A form of muscle hypertonia associated with upper MOTOR NEURON DISEASE. Resistance to passive stretch of a spastic muscle results in minimal initial resistance (a "free interval") followed by an incremental increase in muscle tone. Tone increases in proportion to the velocity of stretch. Spasticity is usually accompanied by HYPERREFLEXIA and variable degrees of MUSCLE WEAKNESS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p54) C0026838 C4300 Muscle Spasticity M0014243 1024482 Muscular Diseases [Disease/Finding] Muscular Diseases D009135 Muscle Disorders M0014252 C0026848 Myopathic Conditions N0000002064 Muscular Diseases 1022424 129565002 C4306 Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE. Myopathies Musculoskeletal Diseases [Disease/Finding] C4312 D009140 1022076 928000 Musculoskeletal Diseases C0026857 Diseases of the muscles and their associated ligaments and other connective tissue and of the bones and cartilage viewed collectively. N0000002067 M0014259 Musculoskeletal Diseases Myasthenia Gravis [Disease/Finding] Myasthenia Gravis C4318 N0000002070 91637004 D009157 M0014279 Myasthenia Gravis 1024161 C0026896 A disorder of neuromuscular transmission characterized by weakness of cranial and skeletal muscles. Autoantibodies directed against acetylcholine receptors damage the motor endplate portion of the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION, impairing the transmission of impulses to skeletal muscles. Clinical manifestations may include diplopia, ptosis, and weakness of facial, bulbar, respiratory, and proximal limb muscles. The disease may remain limited to the ocular muscles. THYMOMA is commonly associated with this condition. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1459) Mycobacterium Infections [Disease/Finding] 1022908 Infections with bacteria of the genus MYCOBACTERIUM. M0014287 Mycobacterium Infections D009164 Mycobacterium Infections Infections, Mycobacterium 88415009 C4320 C0026918 N0000002071 Mycobacterium Infections, Atypical [Disease/Finding] 111812000 Mycobacterium Infections, Atypical Infections, Atypical Mycobacterium Atypical Mycobacterium Infections N0000002072 1026349 D009165 Infections with so called atypical mycobacteria (tuberculoid bacilli): M. kansasii, M. marinum, M. scrofulaceum, M. flavescens, M. gordonae, M. obuense, M. gilvum, M. duvali, M. szulgai, M. intracellulare (see MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX;), M. xenopi (littorale), M. ulcerans, M. buruli, M. terrae, M. fortuitum (minetti, giae), M. chelonae. Infections, Tuberculoid Tuberculoid Infections 111811007 Mycobacterium Infections, Atypical C4322 C0026919 M0014288 Mycoplasma Infections [Disease/Finding] Infections, Mycoplasma N0000002073 C0026936 Infections with species of the genus MYCOPLASMA. Mycoplasma Infections Mycoplasma Infections 1023539 C4324 186464008 186462007 M0014307 D009175 Mycoplasmatales Infections [Disease/Finding] C4326 Infections with bacteria of the order MYCOPLASMATALES. Mycoplasmatales Infections N0000002074 D009180 1030047 M0014312 C0026945 Mycoplasmatales Infections Infections, Mycoplasmatales Mycoses [Disease/Finding] N0000002075 Mycoses 1024676 D009181 M0014313 C4328 3218000 Mycoses Fungus Diseases C0026946 Mycosis Fungoides [Disease/Finding] M0014314 188618003 A chronic, malignant T-cell lymphoma of the skin. In the late stages, the LYMPH NODES and viscera are affected. Mycosis Fungoides D009182 1024347 N0000002076 118618005 Mycosis Fungoides C4330 C0026948 Myeloproliferative Disorders [Disease/Finding] Myeloproliferative Disorders 414794006 M0014332 414792005 C0027022 D009196 Myeloproliferative Disorders 1022355 128925001 C4342 Conditions which cause proliferation of hemopoietically active tissue or of tissue which has embryonic hemopoietic potential. They all involve dysregulation of multipotent MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS, most often caused by a mutation in the JAK2 PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE. N0000002082 Myocardial Infarction [Disease/Finding] 1024565 C0027051 Myocardial Infarction Myocardial Infarct C4348 N0000002085 M0014340 Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION). D009203 22298006 Myosarcoma [Disease/Finding] A general term for a malignant neoplasm derived from muscular tissue. (Stedman, 25th ed) D009217 M0014359 20667008 1025716 Myosarcoma C0027095 Myosarcoma N0000002093 C4364 Myositis [Disease/Finding] M0014368 128496001 Myopathy, Inflammatory 203110007 Inflammatory Myopathy Myositis C0027121 C4366 Inflammation of a muscle or muscle tissue. D009220 N0000002094 26889001 Myositis Inflammatory Muscle Diseases Muscle Diseases, Inflammatory 1023065 Nail Diseases [Disease/Finding] D009260 1023398 17790008 C4384 N0000002103 Nail Diseases Nail Diseases Diseases of the nail plate and tissues surrounding it. The concept is limited to primates. M0014427 C0027339 Nasal Polyps [Disease/Finding] D009298 N0000002110 C0027430 1026147 C4398 Focal accumulations of EDEMA fluid in the NASAL MUCOSA accompanied by HYPERPLASIA of the associated submucosal connective tissue. Polyps may be NEOPLASMS, foci of INFLAMMATION, degenerative lesions, or malformations. M0014487 Nasal Polyps Nasal Polyps 52756005 Nausea [Disease/Finding] 1023644 Nausea An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses. 73879007 C4406 N0000002114 D009325 M0014528 Nausea C0027497 Nelson Syndrome [Disease/Finding] C4414 43019009 A syndrome characterized by HYPERPIGMENTATION, enlarging pituitary mass, visual defects secondary to compression of the OPTIC CHIASM, and elevated serum ACTH. It is caused by the expansion of an underlying ACTH-SECRETING PITUITARY ADENOMA that grows in the absence of feedback inhibition by adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS, usually after ADRENALECTOMY. Nelson Syndrome N0000002118 C0027577 Nelson Syndrome 1025318 M0014557 D009347 Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities [Disease/Finding] N0000002121 D009358 M0014570 989203 C4420 Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities Diseases existing at birth and often before birth, or that develop during the first month of life (INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES), regardless of causation. Of these diseases, those characterized by structural deformities are termed CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES. Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities C0027612 Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] 55342001 Neoplasms Neoplasms 189526009 189525008 Tumors C0027651 D009369 M0014585 C4434 1022284 New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. N0000002128 Neoplasms by Histologic Type [Disease/Finding] D009370 Neoplasms by Histologic Type Neoplasms by Histological Type C4436 Neoplasms by Histologic Type A collective term for the various histological types of NEOPLASMS. It is more likely to be used by searchers than by indexers and catalogers. Histological Type of Neoplasm N0000002129 M0014588 Histological Types of Neoplasms C0027652 986146 Neoplasms by Site [Disease/Finding] Sites, Neoplasm Neoplasms by Site Neoplasms by Sites C0027653 Site, Neoplasm C4438 N0000002130 A collective term for precoordinated organ/neoplasm headings locating neoplasms by organ, as BRAIN NEOPLASMS; DUODENAL NEOPLASMS; LIVER NEOPLASMS; etc. D009371 M0014589 1026659 Neoplasms by Site Neoplasms, Connective Tissue [Disease/Finding] C4440 126598008 1026975 D009372 M0014590 Neoplasms composed of connective tissue, including elastic, mucous, reticular, osseous, and cartilaginous tissue. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in connective tissue. N0000002131 Neoplasms, Connective Tissue C0027656 Neoplasms, Connective Tissue Connective Tissue Neoplasms Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal [Disease/Finding] D009373 Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonic C4442 N0000002132 M0014592 1026873 Germ Cell and Embryonic Neoplasms Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal Neoplasms composed of primordial GERM CELLS of embryonic GONADS or of elements of the germ layers of the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in the gonads or present in an embryo or FETUS. Germ Cell and Embryonal Neoplasms C0027658 Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal Neoplasms, Experimental [Disease/Finding] Experimentally induced new abnormal growth of TISSUES in animals to provide models for studying human neoplasms. N0000002133 M0014595 C0027659 Experimental Neoplasms D009374 1025199 Neoplasms, Experimental Neoplasms, Experimental C4444 Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial [Disease/Finding] Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial Glandular and Epithelial Neoplasms C0027660 Neoplasms composed of glandular tissue, an aggregation of epithelial cells that elaborate secretions, and of any type of epithelium itself. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in the various glands or in epithelial tissue. D009375 1028442 N0000002134 Neoplasms, Glandular Epithelial M0014596 C4446 Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue [Disease/Finding] N0000002138 C0027664 Muscle Tissue Neoplasms D009379 Neoplasms composed of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac, or smooth. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in muscles. M0014603 1030677 Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue C4454 Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue [Disease/Finding] Nerve Tissue Neoplasms Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue Neoplasms composed of nerve tissue. This concept does not refer to neoplasms located in the nervous system or its component nerves. C0027665 C4456 985772 D009380 Nervous Tissue Neoplasms M0014605 Neoplasms, Nervous Tissue N0000002139 Neoplasms, Vascular Tissue [Disease/Finding] C4462 D009383 Neoplasms, Vascular Tissue Neoplasms composed of vascular tissue. This concept does not refer to neoplasms located in blood vessels. M0014610 Vascular Tissue Neoplasms N0000002142 Blood Vessel Tumors C0282607 1023689 Neoplasms, Vascular Tissue Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes [Disease/Finding] D009384 1027737 N0000002143 C4464 C0027670 M0014611 Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes Syndromes resulting from inappropriate production of HORMONES or hormone-like materials by NEOPLASMS in non-endocrine tissues or not by the usual ENDOCRINE GLANDS. Such hormone outputs are called ectopic hormone (HORMONES, ECTOPIC) secretion. Ectopic Hormone Syndromes Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes Neoplastic Processes [Disease/Finding] N0000002144 The pathological mechanisms and forms taken by tissue during degeneration into a neoplasm and its subsequent activity. C0027671 D009385 1026939 Processes, Neoplastic Neoplastic Processes M0014612 Neoplastic Processes C4466 Nephritis [Disease/Finding] D009393 C4472 52845002 M0014626 Nephritis Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY. N0000002147 C0027697 Nephritis 1022904 Nephritis, Interstitial [Disease/Finding] N0000002149 Inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. This term is generally used for primary inflammation of KIDNEY TUBULES and/or surrounding interstitium. For primary inflammation of glomerular interstitium, see GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. Infiltration of the inflammatory cells into the interstitial compartment results in EDEMA, increased spaces between the tubules, and tubular renal dysfunction. C0027707 Nephritis, Interstitial Nephritis, Interstitial 28689008 M0014628 Interstitial Nephritis D009395 C4476 1022491 Nephrosis [Disease/Finding] C4484 M0014635 Nephrosis Nephrosis Pathological processes of the KIDNEY without inflammatory or neoplastic components. Nephrosis may be a primary disorder or secondary complication of other diseases. It is characterized by the NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of PROTEINURIA and HYPOALBUMINEMIA with accompanying EDEMA. N0000002153 1025384 D009401 C0027720 90708001 Nephrotic Syndrome [Disease/Finding] N0000002155 C0027726 52254009 D009404 M0014639 A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction. Nephrotic Syndrome Nephrotic Syndrome C4488 1026285 Nervous System Diseases [Disease/Finding] C0027765 1026444 Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle. N0000002159 D009422 Nervous System Diseases M0014667 Neurologic Disorders C4496 Nervous System Disorders Neurological Disorders 118940003 Nervous System Diseases Nervous System Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Nervous System Neoplasms C4498 N0000002160 Nervous System Neoplasms M0014668 Neoplasms, Nervous System 1024871 Tumors of the Nervous System Nervous System Tumors 126950007 D009423 Benign and malignant neoplastic processes arising from or involving components of the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems, cranial nerves, and meninges. Included in this category are primary and metastatic nervous system neoplasms. C0027766 Neuralgia [Disease/Finding] D009437 16269008 Neurodynia C0027796 Neuralgia Neuralgia N0000002162 C4502 Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve. Neuropathic Pain M0014687 1024078 203115002 Neuroblastoma [Disease/Finding] D009447 1026096 C0027819 A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51) 87364003 Neuroblastoma Neuroblastoma N0000002167 C4512 M0014699 Neurologic Manifestations [Disease/Finding] Clinical signs and symptoms caused by nervous system injury or dysfunction. 1025946 C0027854 Neurologic Manifestations Neurologic Manifestations Neurologic Signs and Symptoms Neurologic Manifestation Manifestations, Neurologic Manifestations, Neurological M0014716 N0000002173 C4524 Neurological Manifestations D009461 Neuromuscular Diseases [Disease/Finding] N0000002176 C4530 Neuromuscular Diseases M0014726 D009468 1026561 255522009 257277002 Neuromuscular Diseases A general term encompassing lower MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; and certain MUSCULAR DISEASES. Manifestations include MUSCLE WEAKNESS; FASCICULATION; muscle ATROPHY; SPASM; MYOKYMIA; MUSCLE HYPERTONIA, myalgias, and MUSCLE HYPOTONIA. C0027868 Neutropenia [Disease/Finding] A decrease in the number of neutrophilic leukocytes in the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed) 1023774 C4542 303011007 Neutropenia C0027947 M0014782 D009503 N0000002182 Neutropenia Nose Diseases [Disease/Finding] C0028432 N0000002194 C4566 89488007 1024498 D009668 Nose Diseases Disorders of the nose, general or unspecified. Nasal Diseases Nasal Disorders Nose Diseases M0015012 Nutrition Disorders [Disease/Finding] C0028709 D009748 Nutritional Disorders N0000002196 2492009 M0015120 C4570 1024039 Nutrition Disorders Nutrition Disorders Disorders caused by nutritional imbalance, either overnutrition or undernutrition. Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases [Disease/Finding] A collective term for nutritional disorders resulting from poor absorption or nutritional imbalance, and metabolic disorders resulting from defects in biosynthesis (ANABOLISM) or breakdown (CATABOLISM) of endogenous substances. C4572 M0015124 Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases 1026553 N0000002197 C0028715 D009750 Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder [Disease/Finding] Anankastic Personality Neurosis, Obsessive-Compulsive Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder C0028768 C4584 D009771 191736004 M0015170 An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, persistent obsessions or compulsions. Obsessions are the intrusive ideas, thoughts, or images that are experienced as senseless or repugnant. Compulsions are repetitive and seemingly purposeful behavior which the individual generally recognizes as senseless and from which the individual does not derive pleasure although it may provide a release from tension. N0000002203 1022585 Occupational Diseases [Disease/Finding] C4588 C0028797 Occupational Diseases D009784 N0000002205 Diseases, Occupational 1027957 115966001 Occupational Diseases M0015191 Diseases caused by factors involved in one's employment. Ocular Hypertension [Disease/Finding] M0015213 N0000002207 Hypertension, Ocular D009798 C4592 Ocular Hypertension C0028840 4210003 A condition in which the intraocular pressure is elevated above normal and which may lead to glaucoma. 1024796 Ocular Hypertension Opportunistic Infections [Disease/Finding] 61274003 N0000002225 1025670 M0015350 Opportunistic Infections Opportunistic Infections C0029118 D009894 C4628 An infection caused by an organism which becomes pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during immunosuppression. Optic Nerve Diseases [Disease/Finding] C4632 C0029132 Optic Nerve Diseases Conditions which produce injury or dysfunction of the second cranial or optic nerve, which is generally considered a component of the central nervous system. Damage to optic nerve fibers may occur at or near their origin in the retina, at the optic disk, or in the nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, or lateral geniculate nuclei. Clinical manifestations may include decreased visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, impaired color vision, and an afferent pupillary defect. Second Cranial Nerve Diseases 985060 Cranial Nerve II Diseases Neural-Optical Lesion M0015358 N0000002227 77157004 Cranial Nerve II Disorder Optic Nerve Diseases D009901 Optic Neuropathy Optic Neuritis [Disease/Finding] D009902 C0029134 1023808 Inflammation of the optic nerve. Commonly associated conditions include autoimmune disorders such as MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, infections, and granulomatous diseases. Clinical features include retro-orbital pain that is aggravated by eye movement, loss of color vision, and contrast sensitivity that may progress to severe visual loss, an afferent pupillary defect (Marcus-Gunn pupil), and in some instances optic disc hyperemia and swelling. Inflammation may occur in the portion of the nerve within the globe (neuropapillitis or anterior optic neuritis) or the portion behind the globe (retrobulbar neuritis or posterior optic neuritis). Optic Neuritis Optic Neuritis 66760008 194052008 N0000002228 M0015359 C4634 Ossification, Heterotopic [Disease/Finding] Pathologic Ossification C4658 1023221 128491006 M0015505 The development of bony substance in normally soft structures. C0029396 Ossification, Heterotopic D009999 Ossification, Ectopic N0000002240 Ossification, Pathologic Ossification, Heterotopic Ossification, Pathological Osteoarthritis [Disease/Finding] M0015509 D010003 1022131 Osteoarthrosis Osteoarthritis C4666 A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans. 396275006 N0000002244 Arthritis, Degenerative 225655006 Osteoarthritis C0029408 Osteomalacia [Disease/Finding] 190642003 D010018 4598005 Osteomalacia C0029442 C4688 1024754 M0015543 N0000002255 A condition marked by softening of the bones (due to impaired mineralization, with excess accumulation of osteoid), with pain, tenderness, muscular weakness, anorexia, and loss of weight, resulting from deficiency of vitamin D and calcium. (Dorland, 27th ed) Osteomalacia Osteomyelitis [Disease/Finding] C0029443 1022411 111253001 203207005 60168000 268020008 D010019 M0015544 Osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis N0000002256 C4690 Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases [Disease/Finding] N0000002269 Pathological processes of the ear, the nose, and the throat, also known as the ENT diseases. Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases M0015572 Otolaryngological Diseases Otorhinolaryngologic Disease ENT Diseases C4716 985940 Otorhinolaryngological Disease D010038 Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases C0029896 Otolaryngologic Diseases Ovarian Diseases [Disease/Finding] Ovarian Diseases Pathological processes of the OVARY. 1027825 C4724 5552004 Ovarian Diseases D010049 C0029928 M0015590 N0000002273 Ovarian Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS. N0000002274 Ovary Neoplasms C0919267 C4726 M0015593 Ovarian Neoplasms 1022316 Neoplasms, Ovarian 123843001 Ovarian Neoplasms D010051 Paget Disease, Extramammary [Disease/Finding] A rare cutaneous neoplasm that occurs in the elderly. It develops more frequently in women and predominantly involves apocrine gland-bearing areas, especially the vulva, scrotum, and perianal areas. The lesions develop as erythematous scaly patches that progress to crusted, pruritic, erythematous plaques. The clinical differential diagnosis includes squamous cell carcinoma in situ and superficial fungal infection. It is generally thought to be an adenocarcinoma of the epidermis, from which it extends into the contiguous epithelium of hair follicles and eccrine sweat ducts. (DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1478) Paget Disease, Extramammary Paget's Disease, Extramammary Paget Disease, Extra-Mammary Extra-Mammary Paget's Disease C0030186 C4732 Paget Disease, Extramammary Paget's Disease, Extra-Mammary 1024557 Extra-Mammary Paget Disease D010145 71447003 Paget Disease Extramammary Extramammary Paget Disease M0015741 N0000002277 Extramammary Paget's Disease Pain [Disease/Finding] An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS. Pain C4734 Pain D010146 1021856 M0015742 C0030193 N0000002278 22253000 Pain, Postoperative [Disease/Finding] N0000002280 1022740 C4738 D010149 C0030201 Pain during the period after surgery. Pain, Postoperative Postoperative Pain Pain, Postoperative M0015751 213299007 Pancreatic Diseases [Disease/Finding] Pathological processes of the PANCREAS. C4748 N0000002285 3855007 Pancreatic Diseases C0030286 D010182 M0015794 1022020 Pancreatic Diseases Pancreatic Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] 1026434 126859007 C4754 Neoplasms, Pancreatic M0015803 C0030297 N0000002288 Pancreatic Neoplasms Pancreatic Neoplasms Pancreas Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA). D010190 Paracoccidioidomycosis [Disease/Finding] M0015861 59925007 Paracoccidioidomycosis Blastomycosis, South American 1021870 N0000002298 D010229 C4774 C0030409 A mycosis affecting the skin, mucous membranes, lymph nodes, and internal organs. It is caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. It is also called paracoccidioidal granuloma. Superficial resemblance of P. brasiliensis to Blastomyces brasiliensis (BLASTOMYCES) may cause misdiagnosis. 36866003 Paracoccidioidomycosis Paranasal Sinus Diseases [Disease/Finding] N0000002309 7393007 Diseases affecting or involving the PARANASAL SINUSES and generally manifesting as inflammation, abscesses, cysts, or tumors. 1024100 M0015892 C4796 Paranasal Sinus Diseases Paranasal Sinus Diseases D010254 C0030469 Paraneoplastic Syndromes [Disease/Finding] C0030472 N0000002311 M0015895 Paraneoplastic Syndromes C4800 Paraneoplastic Syndromes 49783001 1022521 In patients with neoplastic diseases a wide variety of clinical pictures which are indirect and usually remote effects produced by tumor cell metabolites or other products. D010257 Paraproteinemias [Disease/Finding] Paraproteinemias Paraimmunoglobulinemias C0030489 1022681 C4812 N0000002317 D010265 M0015905 190816000 A group of related diseases characterized by an unbalanced or disproportionate proliferation of immunoglobulin-producing cells, usually from a single clone. These cells frequently secrete a structurally homogeneous immunoglobulin (M-component) and/or an abnormal immunoglobulin. Paraproteinemias Parasitic Diseases [Disease/Finding] C4816 Parasitic Diseases 987316 Parasitic Diseases Infections or infestations with parasitic organisms. They are often contracted through contact with an intermediate vector, but may occur as the result of direct exposure. C0030499 M0015919 N0000002319 D010272 17322007 Paresis [Disease/Finding] C4828 Paresis 26544005 987955 C0030552 M0015948 D010291 Muscular Paresis Paresis N0000002325 Muscle Paresis A general term referring to a mild to moderate degree of muscular weakness, occasionally used as a synonym for PARALYSIS (severe or complete loss of motor function). In the older literature, paresis often referred specifically to paretic neurosyphilis (see NEUROSYPHILIS). "General paresis" and "general paralysis" may still carry that connotation. Bilateral lower extremity paresis is referred to as PARAPARESIS. Parkinson Disease [Disease/Finding] Primary Parkinsonism Parkinson Disease, Idiopathic 1022466 Paralysis Agitans Lewy Body Parkinson Disease Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease N0000002327 Lewy Body Parkinson's Disease Parkinson Disease Parkinson Disease A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75) 49049000 D010300 Idiopathic Parkinson Disease M0015963 C4832 Parkinson's Disease, Lewy Body Parkinson's Disease C0030567 Parkinson's Disease, Idiopathic Pathologic Processes [Disease/Finding] 370135005 C0030660 Pathologic Processes M0016012 1025320 N0000002338 Pathologic Processes 308489006 C4854 Processes, Pathologic D010335 Pathological Processes The abnormal mechanisms and forms involved in the dysfunctions of tissues and organs. Pemphigus [Disease/Finding] Group of chronic blistering diseases characterized histologically by ACANTHOLYSIS and blister formation within the EPIDERMIS. C0030807 1025707 C4872 M0016112 Pemphigus D010392 N0000002347 65172003 Pemphigus Peptic Ulcer [Disease/Finding] M0016211 Peptic Ulcer Peptic Ulcer 13200003 196697002 266437002 1024813 N0000002351 D010437 C0030920 C4880 Gastroduodenal Ulcer Ulcer that occurs in the regions of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT which come into contact with GASTRIC JUICE containing PEPSIN and GASTRIC ACID. It occurs when there are defects in the MUCOSA barrier. The common forms of peptic ulcers are associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI and the consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). Familial Mediterranean Fever [Disease/Finding] Periodic Disease, Wolff's C0031069 Recurrent Polyserositis Benign Paroxysmal Peritonitis Periodic Peritonitis Familial Mediterranean Fever A group of HEREDITARY AUTOINFLAMMATION DISEASES, characterized by recurrent fever, abdominal pain, headache, rash, PLEURISY; and ARTHRITIS. ORCHITIS; benign MENINGITIS; and AMYLOIDOSIS may also occur. Homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in marenostrin gene result in autosomal recessive transmission; simple heterozygous, autosomal dominant form of the disease. Mediterranean Fever, Familial Familial Mediterranean Fever 1023411 Periodic Disease 12579009 Wolff's Periodic Disease Wolff Periodic Disease Familial Paroxysmal Polyserositis C4912 D010505 N0000002367 M0016320 Peripheral Nervous System Diseases [Disease/Finding] Peripheral Nervous System Disease Peripheral Nervous System Diseases Peripheral Nervous System Disorders C0031117 D010523 Peripheral Nervous System Diseases 42658009 M0016347 Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves. Peripheral Neuropathies Peripheral Nerve Diseases C4928 PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) Diseases N0000002375 PNS Diseases 302226006 989352 Pharyngeal Diseases [Disease/Finding] C0031345 195832000 Pathological processes involving the PHARYNX. N0000002385 C4948 D010608 Pharynx Diseases Pharyngeal Diseases Pharyngeal Diseases 75860007 1024885 Diseases of Pharynx M0016479 Phlebitis [Disease/Finding] C4964 Inflammation of a vein, often a vein in the leg. Phlebitis associated with a blood clot is called (THROMBOPHLEBITIS). N0000002393 Phlebitis Phlebitis 61599003 986358 M0016608 C0031542 D010689 Phobic Disorders [Disease/Finding] 386810004 N0000002394 M0016622 1023113 C4966 Phobias C0349231 Phobic Disorders Phobic Disorders Neuroses, Phobic D010698 Phobic Neuroses Anxiety disorders in which the essential feature is persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that the individual feels compelled to avoid. The individual recognizes the fear as excessive or unreasonable. Pituitary Diseases [Disease/Finding] 399244003 C0032002 Hypophyseal Disorders 1023299 D010900 N0000002407 Pituitary Diseases Disorders involving either the ADENOHYPOPHYSIS or the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS. These diseases usually manifest as hypersecretion or hyposecretion of PITUITARY HORMONES. Neoplastic pituitary masses can also cause compression of the OPTIC CHIASM and other adjacent structures. M0016908 Pituitary Disorders C4992 Pituitary Gland Diseases Pituitary Diseases Pituitary Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] 1027456 C0032019 127024001 D010911 Pituitary Neoplasms Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA, BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE). Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM. Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA. Pituitary Tumors N0000002408 M0016922 C4994 Pituitary Neoplasms Plague [Disease/Finding] An acute infectious disease caused by YERSINIA PESTIS that affects humans, wild rodents, and their ectoparasites. This condition persists due to its firm entrenchment in sylvatic rodent-flea ecosystems throughout the world. Bubonic plague is the most common form. C5008 Plague D010930 Plague 1027188 186290009 C0032064 58750007 M0016945 N0000002415 Pneumococcal Infections [Disease/Finding] 988639 N0000002430 Infections, Streptococcus pneumoniae Pneumococcal Infections Infections, Pneumococcal C0032269 16814004 Streptococcus pneumoniae Infections D011008 C5038 Infections with bacteria of the species STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE. Pneumococcal Infections M0017055 Pneumonia [Disease/Finding] D011014 C5042 233604007 Pulmonary Inflammation Pneumonitis M0017064 Pneumonia Pneumonia Lung Inflammation N0000002432 1022757 C0032285 Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma. 205237003 Pneumonia, Pneumococcal [Disease/Finding] Pneumonia, Pneumococcal 233607000 N0000002435 278516003 Pneumonia, Pneumococcal 1024902 D011018 266350000 C5048 M0017071 A febrile disease caused by STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE. C0155862 Pneumonia, Pneumocystis [Disease/Finding] Pneumocystis Pneumonia C0032305 Pneumonia, Pneumocystis carinii M0017073 Pneumocystosis Pneumonia, Pneumocystis C5052 N0000002437 88860002 Pneumonia, Pneumocystis 415125002 Pneumonia, Interstitial Plasma Cell Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia D011020 A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants, characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS. It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species of Pneumocystis. 1023656 Poisoning [Disease/Finding] C5072 C0032343 A condition or physical state produced by the ingestion, injection, inhalation of or exposure to a deleterious agent. M0017099 1026915 Poisoning Poisoning N0000002447 75478009 D011041 Polychondritis, Relapsing [Disease/Finding] M0017161 An acquired disease of unknown etiology, chronic course, and tendency to recur. It is characterized by inflammation and degeneration of cartilage and can result in deformities such as floppy ear and saddle nose. Loss of cartilage in the respiratory tract can lead to respiratory obstruction. N0000002451 Polychondritis, Relapsing D011081 1023111 Polychondritis, Chronic Atrophic 72275000 Polychondritis, Relapsing C0032453 C5080 Polycythemia Vera [Disease/Finding] C5086 Polycythemia Vera A myeloproliferative disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by abnormal proliferation of all hematopoietic bone marrow elements and an absolute increase in red cell mass and total blood volume, associated frequently with splenomegaly, leukocytosis, and thrombocythemia. Hematopoiesis is also reactive in extramedullary sites (liver and spleen). In time myelofibrosis occurs. 109992005 N0000002454 Polycythemia Rubra Vera 1023815 M0017168 Polycythemia Vera C0032463 Osler-Vaquez Disease D011087 Erythremia Polyps [Disease/Finding] 1024250 C5094 C0032584 D011127 Discrete abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the DIGESTIVE TRACT or the RESPIRATORY TRACT. Polyps can be spheroidal, hemispheroidal, or irregular mound-shaped structures attached to the MUCOUS MEMBRANE of the lumen wall either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base. 41329004 M0017240 Polyps N0000002458 Polyps Porphyrias [Disease/Finding] D011164 Porphyrias Porphyria Porphyrias 418470004 29094004 C0032708 C5106 1022410 M0017334 N0000002464 371628009 A diverse group of metabolic diseases characterized by errors in the biosynthetic pathway of HEME in the LIVER, the BONE MARROW, or both. They are classified by the deficiency of specific enzymes, the tissue site of enzyme defect, or the clinical features that include neurological (acute) or cutaneous (skin lesions). Porphyrias can be hereditary or acquired as a result of toxicity to the hepatic or erythropoietic marrow tissues. Postoperative Complications [Disease/Finding] Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery. Postoperative Complications M0017367 Postoperative Complications D011183 1022600 N0000002467 385486001 C5112 C0032787 Complication, Postoperative Pre-Excitation Syndromes [Disease/Finding] Preexcitation Syndrome N0000002474 D011226 C0032915 C5126 Pre-Excitation Syndromes Pre-Excitation Syndromes 1026072 A group of conditions in which HEART VENTRICLE activation by the atrial impulse is faster than the normal impulse conduction from the SINOATRIAL NODE. In these pre-excitation syndromes, atrial impulses often bypass the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE delay and travel via ACCESSORY CONDUCTING PATHWAYS connecting the atrium directly to the BUNDLE OF HIS. M0017444 Pregnancy Complications [Disease/Finding] Pregnancy Complications 1023402 Complications, Pregnancy D011248 Conditions or pathological processes associated with pregnancy. They can occur during or after pregnancy, and range from minor discomforts to serious diseases that require medical interventions. They include diseases in pregnant females, and pregnancies in females with diseases. N0000002478 C0032962 90821003 198881004 C5134 Pregnancy Complications M0017474 Pregnancy Complications, Infectious [Disease/Finding] M0017477 The co-occurrence of pregnancy and an INFECTION. The infection may precede or follow FERTILIZATION. Pregnancy, Infectious Complications Complications, Infectious Pregnancy C0032965 Pregnancy Complications, Infectious C5140 Infectious Pregnancy Complications 1025778 D011251 N0000002481 Pregnancy Complications, Infectious Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic [Disease/Finding] Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic D011252 Pregnancy, Neoplastic Complications The co-occurrence of pregnancy and NEOPLASMS. The neoplastic disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION. Complications, Neoplastic Pregnancy M0017478 Neoplastic Pregnancy Complications C0032966 C5142 Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic N0000002482 1025596 Pregnancy, Abdominal [Disease/Finding] Pregnancy, Abdominal N0000002485 Pregnancy, Abdominal C0032984 Abdominal Pregnancy D011269 A type of ectopic pregnancy in which the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN implants in the ABDOMINAL CAVITY instead of in the ENDOMETRIUM of the UTERUS. C5148 1028274 82661006 M0017497 Pregnancy, Ectopic [Disease/Finding] Pregnancy, Ectopic M0017499 Pregnancy, Ectopic C0032987 C5150 Ectopic Pregnancy A potentially life-threatening condition in which the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN implants outside the cavity of the UTERUS. Most ectopic pregnancies (>96%) occur in the FALLOPIAN TUBES, known as TUBAL PREGNANCY. They can be in other locations, such as UTERINE CERVIX; OVARY; and abdominal cavity (PREGNANCY, ABDOMINAL). 1021784 N0000002486 34801009 D011271 Proctitis [Disease/Finding] Proctitis C0033246 M0017632 C5164 INFLAMMATION of the MUCOUS MEMBRANE of the RECTUM, the distal end of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE). N0000002493 3951002 D011349 1023205 Proctitis Prostatic Diseases [Disease/Finding] M0017828 Pathological processes involving the PROSTATE or its component tissues. C5174 Prostatic Diseases N0000002498 30281009 D011469 Prostatic Diseases 1022359 C0033575 Prostatic Hyperplasia [Disease/Finding] C5176 N0000002499 367483003 D011470 M0017830 197958000 Prostatic Hyperplasia Prostatic Hyperplasia 1103694 Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both. C2937421 Prostatic Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] C0033578 Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE. C5178 Neoplasms, Prostatic Prostatic Neoplasms 126906006 Prostate Neoplasms Neoplasms, Prostate 1022598 M0017833 Prostatic Neoplasms N0000002500 D011471 Prostatitis [Disease/Finding] Prostatitis Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the parenchyma of PROSTATE. The subtypes are classified by their varied laboratory analysis, clinical presentation and response to treatment. 9713002 N0000002501 M0017835 D011472 C5180 C0033581 Prostatitis 984334 Proteus Infections [Disease/Finding] 1024609 Infections with bacteria of the genus PROTEUS. Proteus Infections N0000002507 186437007 M0017900 C0033700 D011512 Proteus Infections Infections, Proteus C5192 Protozoan Infections [Disease/Finding] Infections with unicellular organisms formerly members of the subkingdom Protozoa. M0017926 C0033740 N0000002508 1021795 D011528 Protozoan Infections 95896000 Infections, Protozoan C5194 Protozoan Infections Pruritus [Disease/Finding] C5202 1023996 M0017935 Pruritis An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief. Itching Pruritus Pruritus N0000002512 C0033774 279333002 D011537 Pruritus Ani [Disease/Finding] Intense chronic itching in the anal area. D011538 Pruritus Ani Pruritus Ani N0000002513 C5204 M0017936 90446007 C0033775 1022806 Pseudomonas Infections [Disease/Finding] Infections, Pseudomonas 63398001 N0000002519 C0033817 1028699 Pseudomonas Infections C5216 Pseudomonas Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS. D011552 M0017955 Psoriasis [Disease/Finding] M0017975 C0033860 N0000002526 A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis. C5230 9014002 Psoriasis Psoriasis D011565 200961000 1022582 Psychomotor Agitation [Disease/Finding] D011595 A feeling of restlessness associated with increased motor activity. This may occur as a manifestation of nervous system drug toxicity or other conditions. 1024246 Restlessness Agitation, Psychomotor 24199005 47295007 C5232 M0018023 Psychomotor Agitation 162221009 N0000002527 Psychomotor Hyperactivity C0085631 Psychomotor Agitation Excitement, Psychomotor Psychomotor Restlessness Psychomotor Disorders [Disease/Finding] C5234 D011596 Abnormalities of motor function that are associated with organic and non-organic cognitive disorders. Psychomotor Disorders Psychomotor Disorders M0018026 986879 N0000002528 C0033922 Psychotic Disorders [Disease/Finding] Psychotic Disorders Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. (From DSM-IV, 1994) C0033975 69322001 D011618 M0018060 C5242 Psychotic Disorders Psychoses 1023496 N0000002532 Puberty, Precocious [Disease/Finding] D011629 M0018083 C5248 Precocious Puberty 1023098 N0000002535 Development of SEXUAL MATURATION in boys and girls at a chronological age that is 2.5 standard deviations below the mean age at onset of PUBERTY in the population. This early maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis results in sexual precocity, elevated serum levels of GONADOTROPINS and GONADAL STEROID HORMONES such as ESTRADIOL and TESTOSTERONE. C0034013 Puberty, Precocious Puberty, Precocious 400179000 123527003 Pulmonary Edema [Disease/Finding] Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening. 1024136 19242006 C5258 M0018125 N0000002540 Pulmonary Edemas Pulmonary Edema Pulmonary Edema Edema, Pulmonary C0034063 Wet Lung Edemas, Pulmonary D011654 Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors [Disease/Finding] 1028018 Purine Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors D011686 C0034139 238006008 N0000002552 Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors M0018168 C5282 Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors Pyelitis [Disease/Finding] 27174002 M0018193 N0000002558 197780007 1022138 Inflammation of the KIDNEY PELVIS and KIDNEY CALICES where urine is collected before discharge, but does not involve the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS) where urine is processed. D011702 Pyelitis C5294 C0034183 Pyelitis Pyelonephritis [Disease/Finding] 197779009 C0034186 N0000002559 Pyelonephritis Pyelonephritis C5296 M0018195 D011704 45816000 1022761 Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and occasionally DIARRHEA. Rectal Diseases [Disease/Finding] Pathological developments in the RECTUM region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE). D012002 1024401 C0034882 5964004 M0018654 C5334 N0000002578 Rectal Diseases Rectal Diseases Rectal Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] D012004 C0034885 990333 Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM. M0018657 Neoplasms, Rectal Rectum Neoplasms C5338 Rectal Neoplasms Rectal Neoplasms N0000002580 126847008 Respiration Disorders [Disease/Finding] C0035204 M0018879 D012120 50043002 Respiration Disorders C5368 N0000002595 1022107 Diseases of the respiratory system in general or unspecified or for a specific respiratory disease not available. Respiration Disorders Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult [Disease/Finding] Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome Shock Lung Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult 95437004 D012128 990085 67782005 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Acute C0035222 Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult M0018891 N0000002597 C5372 ARDS, Human A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA. Respiratory Hypersensitivity [Disease/Finding] N0000002598 M0018896 Respiratory Hypersensitivity Hypersensitivity, Respiratory C5374 C0035228 A form of hypersensitivity affecting the respiratory tract. It includes ASTHMA and RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL. 1025923 D012130 Respiratory Hypersensitivity Respiratory Insufficiency [Disease/Finding] M0018897 409623005 N0000002599 D012131 C5376 Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman, 25th ed) Respiratory Insufficiency 1023246 C0035229 Respiratory Insufficiency Respiratory Tract Diseases [Disease/Finding] C5382 N0000002602 M0018918 C0035242 Respiratory Tract Diseases Respiratory Tract Diseases D012140 1024163 Respiratory Tract Infections [Disease/Finding] Infections, Respiratory Tract 1025855 275498002 Infections, Respiratory Respiratory Infections Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases. D012141 M0018919 C0035243 N0000002603 Respiratory Tract Infections Respiratory Tract Infections C5384 Respiratory Tract Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] 986366 Respiratory Tract Neoplasms N0000002604 D012142 C0035244 126667002 Respiratory Tract Neoplasms M0018921 C5386 Retinal Degeneration [Disease/Finding] A retrogressive pathological change in the retina, focal or generalized, caused by genetic defects, inflammation, trauma, vascular disease, or aging. Degeneration affecting predominantly the macula lutea of the retina is MACULAR DEGENERATION. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p304) C5392 C0035304 95695004 D012162 1026317 M0018942 Retinal Degeneration N0000002607 Retinal Degeneration Retinal Diseases [Disease/Finding] Retinal Diseases Retinal Diseases N0000002609 399625000 C0035309 C5396 1023467 29555009 D012164 M0018945 Retinitis [Disease/Finding] M0018959 C0035333 C5404 D012173 1026421 Retinitis N0000002613 Inflammation of the RETINA. It is rarely limited to the retina, but is commonly associated with diseases of the choroid (CHORIORETINITIS) and of the OPTIC DISK (neuroretinitis). 399463004 Retinitis Retroviridae Infections [Disease/Finding] D012192 Infections, Retrovirus M0018986 N0000002623 Retroviridae Infections 105635000 1025440 Virus diseases caused by the RETROVIRIDAE. Infections, Retroviridae Retroviridae Infections C5424 Retrovirus Infections C0035369 Rhabdomyosarcoma [Disease/Finding] N0000002628 C0035412 302847003 M0019001 C5434 Rhabdomyosarcoma Rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant solid tumor arising from mesenchymal tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is divided into four distinct types: pleomorphic, predominantly in male adults; alveolar (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, ALVEOLAR), mainly in adolescents and young adults; embryonal (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, EMBRYONAL), predominantly in infants and children; and botryoidal, also in young children. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft tissue sarcomas and the most common in children under 15. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2186; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1647-9) D012208 1021776 Rheumatic Fever [Disease/Finding] D012213 Polyarthritis Rheumatica N0000002629 C5436 1023414 Rheumatic Arthritis A febrile disease occurring as a delayed sequela of infections with STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES. It is characterized by multiple focal inflammatory lesions of the connective tissue structures, such as the heart, blood vessels, and joints (POLYARTHRITIS) and brain, and by the presence of ASCHOFF BODIES in the myocardium and skin. 58718002 Acute Rheumatic Fever Arthritis, Rheumatic, Acute 81077008 Arthritis, Acute Rheumatic Rheumatic Fever C0035436 Rheumatism, Acute Articular M0019009 Rheumatic Fever Inflammatory Rheumatism Rheumatism, Articular, Acute Rheumatic Diseases [Disease/Finding] 1022758 Rheumatic Diseases C0035435 D012216 203100003 N0000002632 Disorders of connective tissue, especially the joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation, degeneration, or metabolic derangement. Rheumatic Diseases Rheumatism C5442 396332003 M0019014 Rhinitis [Disease/Finding] Nasal Catarrh M0019019 N0000002634 Rhinitis Rhinitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES. 70076002 C5446 1023076 D012220 C0035455 Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial [Disease/Finding] C0035457 D012221 N0000002635 Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose similar to that found in hay fever except that symptoms persist throughout the year. The causes are usually air-borne allergens, particularly dusts, feathers, molds, animal fur, etc. C5448 1025485 38103000 M0019020 Rhinitis, Allergic, Nonseasonal Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial RNA Virus Infections [Disease/Finding] M0019160 RNA Virus Infections D012327 Infections, RNA Virus 1027571 RNA Virus Infections C5478 N0000002650 C0035690 Rosacea [Disease/Finding] C5484 398909004 Acne Rosacea C0035854 D012393 1024747 N0000002653 M0019267 Rosacea Rosacea A cutaneous disorder primarily of convexities of the central part of the FACE, such as FOREHEAD; CHEEK; NOSE; and CHIN. It is characterized by FLUSHING; ERYTHEMA; EDEMA; RHINOPHYMA; papules; and ocular symptoms. It may occur at any age but typically after age 30. There are various subtypes of rosacea: erythematotelangiectatic, papulopustular, phymatous, and ocular (National Rosacea Society's Expert Committee on the Classification and Staging of Rosacea, J Am Acad Dermatol 2002; 46:584-7). Salivary Gland Diseases [Disease/Finding] C0036093 M0019375 N0000002662 10890000 C5502 987342 Salivary Gland Diseases Salivary Gland Diseases D012466 Salmonella Infections [Disease/Finding] M0019393 Infections with bacteria of the genus SALMONELLA. Salmonellosis Salmonella Infections 90974009 302231008 Infections, Salmonella C0036117 D012480 Salmonella Infections C5510 1025316 N0000002666 Sarcoma [Disease/Finding] C5520 A connective tissue neoplasm formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells; it is usually highly malignant. D012509 Sarcoma, Soft Tissue 269469005 1021824 Sarcoma Sarcoma C1261473 M0019428 N0000002671 Sarcoma, Ewing's [Disease/Finding] C0553580 76909002 M0019433 N0000002674 Sarcoma, Ewing's Sarcoma, Ewing's Ewing's Tumor C5526 D012512 1023147 A malignant tumor of the bone which always arises in the medullary tissue, occurring more often in cylindrical bones. There are conspicuous foci of necrosis in association with irregular masses of small, regular, rounded or ovoid cells with very scanty cytoplasm. The tumor occurs usually before the age of 20, about twice as frequently in males as in females. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed) Sarcoma, Kaposi [Disease/Finding] D012514 Kaposi's Sarcoma 1027423 109385007 Sarcoma, Kaposi A multicentric, malignant neoplastic vascular proliferation characterized by the development of bluish-red cutaneous nodules, usually on the lower extremities, most often on the toes or feet, and slowly increasing in size and number and spreading to more proximal areas. The tumors have endothelium-lined channels and vascular spaces admixed with variably sized aggregates of spindle-shaped cells, and often remain confined to the skin and subcutaneous tissue, but widespread visceral involvement may occur. Kaposi's sarcoma occurs spontaneously in Jewish and Italian males in Europe and the United States. An aggressive variant in young children is endemic in some areas of Africa. A third form occurs in about 0.04% of kidney transplant patients. There is also a high incidence in AIDS patients. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, pp2105-7) HHV-8 is the suspected cause. C0036220 N0000002676 Kaposi Sarcoma C5530 Sarcoma, Kaposi M0019437 Osteosarcoma [Disease/Finding] N0000002678 1022808 M0019439 Sarcoma, Osteogenic Osteosarcoma Osteosarcoma 21708004 A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed) C5534 Osteosarcoma Tumor C0029463 D012516 Scalp Dermatoses [Disease/Finding] Scalp Dermatoses 1028528 402694007 Scalp Dermatoses D012536 M0019465 C0036271 Scalp Dermatosis N0000002682 C5542 Schizophrenia [Disease/Finding] N0000002690 C5558 58214004 191526005 M0019489 191528006 Schizophrenia Dementia Praecox Schizophrenia D012559 C0036341 Schizophrenic Disorders A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior. 1022169 Seizures [Disease/Finding] Seizures C0036572 Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or "seizure disorder." M0019597 D012640 1023130 91175000 C5604 N0000002713 Septicemia [Disease/Finding] D018805 C5610 Systemic disease associated with the presence of pathogenic microorganisms or their toxins in the blood. Poisoning, Blood 105592009 1024926 Septicemia Blood Poisoning M0019666 N0000002716 Septicemia C0036690 Disorders of Sex Development [Disease/Finding] 39179006 In gonochoristic organisms, congenital conditions in which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is atypical. Effects from exposure to abnormal levels of GONADAL HORMONES in the maternal environment, or disruption of the function of those hormones by ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS are included. Sex Development Disorders Disorders of Sexual Development Disorders of Sex Development C0036875 Sexual Development Disorders D012734 N0000002722 M0019735 C5622 1027351 Disorders of Sex Development Sexually Transmitted Diseases [Disease/Finding] C5626 Sexually Transmitted Diseases Sexually Transmitted Diseases M0019758 Diseases due to or propagated by sexual contact. Venereal Diseases C0036916 STDs D012749 N0000002724 8098009 1023328 Sezary Syndrome [Disease/Finding] Sezary's Lymphoma N0000002725 A form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma manifested by generalized exfoliative ERYTHRODERMA; PRURITUS; peripheral lymphadenopathy, and abnormal hyperchromatic mononuclear (cerebriform) cells in the skin, LYMPH NODES, and peripheral blood (Sezary cells). Sezary Syndrome 188629004 C0036920 D012751 Sezary Syndrome C5628 118611004 Erythroderma, Sezary M0019760 1022616 Shock [Disease/Finding] Circulatory Failure Shock C5634 D012769 Shock M0019782 C0036974 N0000002728 274729009 1023333 27942005 A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs. Circulatory Collapse Shock, Cardiogenic [Disease/Finding] M0019783 C0036980 D012770 C5636 Shock resulting from diminution of cardiac output in heart disease. Shock, Cardiogenic 89138009 1026337 N0000002729 Shock, Cardiogenic Shock, Septic [Disease/Finding] N0000002731 M0019786 C0036983 Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include, but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status. Septic Shock C5640 D012772 Shock, Septic Shock, Septic 1025847 76571007 Sick Sinus Syndrome [Disease/Finding] Sick Sinus Syndrome Sick Sinus Node Syndrome N0000002743 M0019828 A condition caused by dysfunctions related to the SINOATRIAL NODE including impulse generation (CARDIAC SINUS ARREST) and impulse conduction (SINOATRIAL EXIT BLOCK). It is characterized by persistent BRADYCARDIA, chronic ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, and failure to resume sinus rhythm following CARDIOVERSION. This syndrome can be congenital or acquired, particularly after surgical correction for heart defects. 36083008 1025538 D012804 C5664 C0037052 Sick Sinus Syndrome Sigmoid Diseases [Disease/Finding] Sigmoid Diseases Sigmoid Colon Diseases Sigmoid Diseases C0037072 C5670 M0019836 N0000002746 D012810 989225 Pathological processes in the SIGMOID COLON region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE). Signs and Symptoms [Disease/Finding] 1024593 M0019845 Clinical manifestations that can be either objective when observed by a physician, or subjective when perceived by the patient. Signs and Symptoms N0000002748 D012816 C0037088 Signs and Symptoms C5674 Signs and Symptoms, Digestive [Disease/Finding] Signs and Symptoms, Digestive Signs and Symptoms, Digestive D012817 Digestive system manifestations of diseases of the gastrointestinal system or of other organs. N0000002749 1029901 C5676 M0019846 C0037089 Sinusitis [Disease/Finding] Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of the PARANASAL SINUSES. 1021979 C5690 Sinusitis Sinusitis C0037199 M0019901 36971009 D012852 N0000002756 Skin Abnormalities [Disease/Finding] 268292002 C0037268 M0019926 D012868 199879009 1023316 N0000002759 Congenital structural abnormalities of the skin. Skin Abnormalities 38164009 Skin Abnormalities C5696 Abnormalities, Skin Skin Diseases [Disease/Finding] Skin Diseases M0019929 D012871 Skin Diseases 1022858 N0000002761 Dermatosis C5700 C0037274 95320005 Dermatoses Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous [Disease/Finding] 1027633 Skin diseases characterized by local or general distributions of blisters. They are classified according to the site and mode of blister formation. Lesions can appear spontaneously or be precipitated by infection, trauma, or sunlight. Etiologies include immunologic and genetic factors. (From Scientific American Medicine, 1990) Vesiculobullous Dermatoses Vesiculobullous Skin Diseases C0037275 Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous M0019930 N0000002762 D012872 Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous C5702 Skin Diseases, Genetic [Disease/Finding] C5704 N0000002763 Skin Diseases, Genetic Skin Diseases, Genetic M0019934 Genetic Skin Diseases C0037277 Diseases of the skin with a genetic component, usually the result of various inborn errors of metabolism. D012873 986094 239001006 Skin Diseases, Infectious [Disease/Finding] N0000002764 Infectious Skin Diseases C5706 108365000 Skin Diseases, Infectious C0037278 M0019935 D012874 1025346 Skin diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites, or viruses. Skin Diseases, Infectious Skin Diseases, Metabolic [Disease/Finding] C0037279 M0019936 C5708 N0000002765 Diseases of the skin associated with underlying metabolic disorders. D012875 Metabolic Skin Diseases 1027237 Skin Diseases, Metabolic Skin Diseases, Metabolic Skin Diseases, Parasitic [Disease/Finding] M0019937 Skin Diseases, Parasitic D012876 1023415 Skin Diseases, Parasitic C0037280 Parasitic Skin Diseases Skin diseases caused by ARTHROPODS; HELMINTHS; or other parasites. N0000002766 128938009 C5710 33042004 Skin Manifestations [Disease/Finding] D012877 C5712 990515 Skin Manifestations Dermatologic disorders attendant upon non-dermatologic disease or injury. C0037285 M0019938 Skin Manifestations N0000002767 Skin Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] C5714 C0037286 Tumors or cancer of the SKIN. Skin Neoplasms Neoplasms, Skin 1025991 126488004 M0019939 D012878 N0000002768 Skin Neoplasms Skin Ulcer [Disease/Finding] 46742003 N0000002769 M0019944 Skin Ulcer Skin Ulcer C5716 C0037299 D012883 1023651 247454005 Sleep Disorders [Disease/Finding] C5726 Conditions characterized by disturbances of usual sleep patterns or behaviors. Sleep disorders may be divided into three major categories: DYSSOMNIAS (i.e. disorders characterized by insomnia or hypersomnia), PARASOMNIAS (abnormal sleep behaviors), and sleep disorders secondary to medical or psychiatric disorders. (From Thorpy, Sleep Disorders Medicine, 1994, p187) N0000002774 39898005 C0851578 M0019966 D012893 Sleep Disorders Sleep Disorders 1022589 Slow Virus Diseases [Disease/Finding] Diseases of viral origin, characterized by incubation periods of months to years, insidious onset of clinical manifestations, and protracted clinical course. Though the disease process is protracted, viral multiplication may not be unusually slow. Conventional viruses produce slow virus diseases such as SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY, PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL), and AIDS. Diseases produced by unconventional agents were originally considered part of this group. They are now called PRION DISEASES. M0019974 C5728 Slow Virus Diseases Slow Virus Diseases C0037341 N0000002775 D012897 1030191 Soft Tissue Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] 1024360 N0000002780 M0020121 Soft Tissue Neoplasms 387837005 Neoplasms of whatever cell type or origin, occurring in the extraskeletal connective tissue framework of the body including the organs of locomotion and their various component structures, such as nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, etc. C5738 D012983 C0037579 Soft Tissue Neoplasms Spasm [Disease/Finding] 988397 C5748 An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. Spasms may involve SKELETAL MUSCLE or SMOOTH MUSCLE. 45352006 N0000002785 Muscle Spasm Spasm M0020203 C0037763 D013035 Muscular Spasm Spasm Spasms, Infantile [Disease/Finding] Infantile Spasms An epileptic syndrome characterized by the triad of infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, and arrest of psychomotor development at seizure onset. The majority present between 3-12 months of age, with spasms consisting of combinations of brief flexor or extensor movements of the head, trunk, and limbs. The condition is divided into two forms: cryptogenic (idiopathic) and symptomatic (secondary to a known disease process such as intrauterine infections; nervous system abnormalities; BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC, INBORN; prematurity; perinatal asphyxia; TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS; etc.). (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp744-8) West Syndrome M0020204 Spasms, Infantile 1024258 N0000002786 Lightning Attacks C0037769 D013036 C5750 28055006 Spasms, Infantile Spinal Diseases [Disease/Finding] M0020315 267968002 240210004 302934007 1024732 Spinal Diseases N0000002797 D013122 C0037933 Spinal Diseases C5772 Spirochaetales Infections [Disease/Finding] M0020349 Infections with bacteria of the order SPIROCHAETALES. 41116009 Spirochaetales Infections C5784 Spirochaetales Infections Spirochete Infections C0037974 Infections, Spirochete D013145 Infections, Spirochaetales N0000002803 1022229 Spondylitis [Disease/Finding] C0038012 84172003 202649003 D013166 Inflammation of the SPINE. This includes both arthritic and non-arthritic conditions. Spondylitis 1024598 M0020376 C5796 399096009 N0000002809 Spondylitis Sporotrichosis [Disease/Finding] 1025783 Sporotrichosis Sporotrichosis The commonest and least serious of the deep mycoses, characterized by nodular lesions of the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues. It is caused by inhalation of contaminated dust or by infection of a wound. M0020384 C0038034 42094007 C5804 D013174 N0000002813 Staphylococcal Infections [Disease/Finding] D013203 Infections, Staphylococcal N0000002817 56038003 Staphylococcal Infections 1023915 C0038160 Staphylococcal Infections M0020423 Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS. C5812 Status Asthmaticus [Disease/Finding] 57546000 Asthmatic Shock N0000002821 1023330 C5820 C0038218 D013224 M0020462 Status Asthmaticus Status Asthmaticus Asthmatic Crisis A sudden intense and continuous aggravation of a state of asthma, marked by dyspnea to the point of exhaustion and collapse and not responding to the usual therapeutic efforts. Status Epilepticus [Disease/Finding] C0038220 N0000002822 A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently enough to prevent recovery between episodes occurring over a period of 20-30 minutes. The most common subtype is generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus, a potentially fatal condition associated with neuronal injury and respiratory and metabolic dysfunction. Nonconvulsive forms include petit mal status and complex partial status, which may manifest as behavioral disturbances. Simple partial status epilepticus consists of persistent motor, sensory, or autonomic seizures that do not impair cognition (see also EPILEPSIA PARTIALIS CONTINUA). Subclinical status epilepticus generally refers to seizures occurring in an unresponsive or comatose individual in the absence of overt signs of seizure activity. (From N Engl J Med 1998 Apr 2;338(14):970-6; Neurologia 1997 Dec;12 Suppl 6:25-30) Status Epilepticus, Generalized D013226 Status Epilepticus M0020463 1027856 C5822 Status Epilepticus 230456007 Stomach Diseases [Disease/Finding] 988579 Pathological processes involving the STOMACH. Gastric Diseases D013272 N0000002826 C0038354 C5830 29384001 Stomach Diseases Stomach Diseases M0020542 Stomach Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Neoplasms, Gastric N0000002828 126824007 Gastric Neoplasms Stomach Neoplasms Stomach Neoplasms Neoplasms, Stomach M0020544 1022499 D013274 Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH. C5834 C0038356 Stomach Ulcer [Disease/Finding] Stomach Ulcer Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). 397825006 196642007 Gastric Ulcer C5838 M0020546 C0038358 Stomach Ulcer N0000002830 D013276 1023584 Stomatitis [Disease/Finding] D013280 1025502 N0000002832 C0038362 Stomatitis C5842 61170000 INFLAMMATION of the soft tissues of the MOUTH, such as MUCOSA; PALATE; GINGIVA; and LIP. Stomatitis M0020550 Stomatitis, Aphthous [Disease/Finding] N0000002833 C0038363 D013281 321258009 Ulcer, Aphthous A recurrent disease of the oral mucosa of unknown etiology. It is characterized by small white ulcerative lesions, single or multiple, round or oval. Two to eight crops of lesions occur per year, lasting for 7 to 14 days and then heal without scarring. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p742) 1023942 M0020551 Stomatitis, Aphthous Stomatitis, Aphthous C5844 Canker Sore Aphthae Streptococcal Infections [Disease/Finding] D013290 C0038395 85769006 M0020568 N0000002837 C5852 Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS. Infections, Streptococcal 1022383 Streptococcal Infections Streptococcal Infections Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic [Disease/Finding] D013313 C0038436 PTSD N0000002839 Stress Disorder, Post Traumatic Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic Posttraumatic Stress Disorders Stress Disorders, Posttraumatic M0020602 1022702 A class of traumatic stress disorders with symptoms that last more than one month. There are various forms of post-traumatic stress disorder, depending on the time of onset and the duration of these stress symptoms. In the acute form, the duration of the symptoms is between 1 to 3 months. In the chronic form, symptoms last more than 3 months. With delayed onset, symptoms develop more than 6 months after the traumatic event. 47505003 Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic C5856 Neuroses, Post-Traumatic Neuroses, Posttraumatic Substance Withdrawal Syndrome [Disease/Finding] N0000002855 C0038587 D013375 Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug. Substance Withdrawal Syndrome 1027256 C5888 Substance Withdrawal Syndrome M0020676 Suppuration [Disease/Finding] A pathologic process consisting in the formation of pus. C0038862 1028480 Suppuration Suppuration C5902 M0020847 255320000 N0000002862 D013492 Surgical Wound Infection [Disease/Finding] 58126003 C5908 N0000002865 D013530 Postoperative Wound Infection M0020904 1026690 C0038941 Infection, Surgical Wound Wound Infection, Postoperative Surgical Wound Infection Surgical Wound Infection Wound Infection, Surgical Infection, Postoperative Wound Infection occurring at the site of a surgical incision. 213285008 Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms [Disease/Finding] 984268 M0020949 N0000002872 C5922 Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms D013568 Symptoms and General Pathology Abnormal anatomical or physiological conditions and objective or subjective manifestations of disease, not classified as disease or syndrome. C0039058 Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Syncope [Disease/Finding] Fainting C0039070 Syncope 309585006 A transient loss of consciousness and postural tone caused by diminished blood flow to the brain (i.e., BRAIN ISCHEMIA). Presyncope refers to the sensation of lightheadedness and loss of strength that precedes a syncopal event or accompanies an incomplete syncope. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp367-9) 271594007 C5924 D013575 Syncope N0000002873 272030005 1023272 M0020955 Syphilis [Disease/Finding] 76272004 A contagious venereal disease caused by the spirochete TREPONEMA PALLIDUM. D013587 C0039128 C5940 Great Pox N0000002881 M0020966 Syphilis Syphilis 1023903 Tachycardia [Disease/Finding] Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachycardia accompanied by disturbance in the cardiac depolarization (cardiac arrhythmia) is called tachyarrhythmia. 86651002 Tachycardia N0000002888 Tachycardia 1023558 3424008 D013610 C5954 C0039231 M0020996 Tachycardia, Supraventricular [Disease/Finding] C0039240 6456007 D013617 Tachycardia, Supraventricular Tachycardia, Supraventricular 1022287 M0021006 A generic expression for any tachycardia that originates above the BUNDLE OF HIS. C5968 N0000002895 Testicular Diseases [Disease/Finding] N0000002912 D013733 Testicular Diseases Testicular Diseases C0039584 M0021188 1024150 C6002 64910008 Pathological processes of the TESTIS. Testicular Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors (GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular neoplasms. M0021192 126900000 Neoplasms, Testis Testicular Neoplasms C0039590 Testis Neoplasms Neoplasms, Testicular C6006 D013736 1026876 N0000002914 Testicular Neoplasms Tetanus [Disease/Finding] 276202003 M0021200 76902006 D013742 C0039614 A disease caused by tetanospasmin, a powerful protein toxin produced by CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI. Tetanus usually occurs after an acute injury, such as a puncture wound or laceration. Generalized tetanus, the most common form, is characterized by tetanic muscular contractions and hyperreflexia. Localized tetanus presents itself as a mild condition with manifestations restricted to muscles near the wound. It may progress to the generalized form. 1022251 C6008 Tetanus N0000002915 Tetanus Thoracic Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] D013899 Thoracic Neoplasms Thoracic Neoplasms N0000002927 C0039981 255058005 1029082 C6032 M0021397 Thrombocythemia, Essential [Disease/Finding] Thrombocythemia, Idiopathic Hemorrhagic Thrombocythemia Thrombocythemia, Essential Thrombocythemia, Essential 1022170 C6040 109994006 Thrombocythemia, Primary A clinical syndrome characterized by repeated spontaneous hemorrhages and a remarkable increase in the number of circulating platelets. M0021427 D013920 Thrombocythemia, Hemorrhagic C0040028 N0000002931 Thrombocytopenia [Disease/Finding] A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS. C6042 Thrombopenia C0040034 M0021428 N0000002932 Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia D013921 302215000 1024914 Thrombocytosis [Disease/Finding] 1022830 Thrombocytosis Thrombocytosis D013922 6631009 C0836924 M0021429 N0000002933 Increased numbers of platelets in the peripheral blood. (Dorland, 27th ed) C6044 Thrombocythemia Thromboembolism [Disease/Finding] 371039008 C0040038 1027317 N0000002934 Thromboembolism Thromboembolism D013923 Obstruction of a blood vessel (embolism) by a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the blood stream. M0021430 C6046 Thrombophlebitis [Disease/Finding] N0000002935 Thrombophlebitis Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot (THROMBUS). M0021432 D013924 C6048 Thrombophlebitis 64156001 C0040046 1025289 Thrombosis [Disease/Finding] Thrombosis C6050 118927008 Thrombosis C0040053 M0021435 Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel. D013927 1022873 N0000002936 Thyroid Crisis [Disease/Finding] Thyroid Crisis N0000002941 C0040127 Thyroid Crisis 1023119 C6060 A dangerous life-threatening hypermetabolic condition characterized by high FEVER and dysfunction of the cardiovascular, the nervous, and the gastrointestinal systems. Crisis, Thyrotoxic D013958 29028009 M0021477 Thyrotoxic Crisis Thyrotoxic Storm Thyroid Storm Thyroid Diseases [Disease/Finding] C6062 Thyroid Diseases D013959 Pathological processes involving the THYROID GLAND. M0021478 C0040128 1024048 N0000002942 Thyroid Diseases 14304000 Thyrotoxicosis [Disease/Finding] M0021495 1023059 D013971 C6074 C0040156 Thyrotoxicosis 286909009 A hypermetabolic syndrome caused by excess THYROID HORMONES which may come from endogenous or exogenous sources. The endogenous source of hormone may be thyroid HYPERPLASIA; THYROID NEOPLASMS; or hormone-producing extrathyroidal tissue. Thyrotoxicosis is characterized by NERVOUSNESS; TACHYCARDIA; FATIGUE; WEIGHT LOSS; heat intolerance; and excessive SWEATING. 90739004 Thyrotoxicosis N0000002948 Tic Disorders [Disease/Finding] 1023189 Disorders characterized by recurrent TICS that may interfere with speech and other activities. Tics are sudden, rapid, nonrhythmic, stereotyped motor movements or vocalizations which may be exacerbated by stress and are generally attenuated during absorbing activities. Tic disorders are distinguished from conditions which feature other types of abnormal movements that may accompany general medical conditions. (From DSM-IV, 1994) C6078 M0021514 C0040188 Tic Disorders 568005 D013981 N0000002950 Tic Disorders Tinea [Disease/Finding] 1025429 47382004 C0040247 Ringworm Tinea D014005 N0000002955 A general term describing various dermatophytoses. Specific types include TINEA CAPITIS (ringworm of the scalp), TINEA FAVOSA (of scalp and skin), TINEA PEDIS (athlete's foot), and tinea unguium (see ONYCHOMYCOSIS, ringworm of the nails). (Dorland, 27th ed) C6088 Tinea M0021562 Onychomycosis [Disease/Finding] Nail Fungus C6096 C0040261 D014009 Onychomycosis Tinea Unguium M0021567 A fungal infection of the nail plate, usually caused by a DERMATOPHYTES; YEASTS; or nondermatophyte MOLDS. 402134005 414941008 N0000002959 1022836 Onychomycosis Tobacco Use Disorder [Disease/Finding] Tobacco-Use Disorder M0021604 C0040336 N0000002962 D014029 1025347 Tobacco used to the detriment of a person's health or social functioning. Tobacco dependence is included. Tobacco Use Disorder Tobacco Use Disorder C6102 Toxoplasmosis [Disease/Finding] M0021732 C0040558 1022005 Toxoplasmosis Infection, Toxoplasma gondii The acquired form of infection by Toxoplasma gondii in animals and man. D014123 187192000 N0000002989 C6156 Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasma gondii Infection Treponemal Infections [Disease/Finding] C6192 D014211 76272004 N0000003007 1025333 C0040843 Treponemal Infections Treponemal Infections M0021878 Infections, Treponemal Infections with bacteria of the genus TREPONEMA. Trichomonas Infections [Disease/Finding] 1024821 C6196 Infections in birds and mammals produced by various species of Trichomonas. Infections, Trichomonas 56335008 Trichomonas Infections Trichomonas Infections C0040921 105648001 N0000003009 M0021928 D014245 Trichomonas Vaginitis [Disease/Finding] 1026784 276877003 C6198 500000 D014247 Inflammation of the vagina, marked by a purulent discharge. This disease is caused by the protozoan TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS. Trichomonas Vaginitis C0040923 M0021930 N0000003010 Trichomonas Vaginitis 81598001 Trigeminal Neuralgia [Disease/Finding] Epileptiform Neuralgia Trigeminal Neuralgia 31681005 D014277 Trigeminal Neuralgia A syndrome characterized by recurrent episodes of excruciating pain lasting several seconds or longer in the sensory distribution of the trigeminal nerve. Pain may be initiated by stimulation of trigger points on the face, lips, or gums or by movement of facial muscles or chewing. Associated conditions include MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, vascular anomalies, ANEURYSMS, and neoplasms. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p187) C0040997 N0000003018 1024205 Tic Douloureux C6214 M0021966 Fothergill Disease Trifacial Neuralgia Trophoblastic Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Trophoblast Neoplasms Trophoblastic growth, which may be gestational or nongestational in origin. Trophoblastic neoplasia resulting from pregnancy is often described as gestational trophoblastic disease to distinguish it from germ cell tumors which frequently show trophoblastic elements, and from the trophoblastic differentiation which sometimes occurs in a wide variety of epithelial cancers. Gestational trophoblastic growth has several forms, including HYDATIDIFORM MOLE and CHORIOCARCINOMA. (From Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1691) N0000003023 C6224 Trophoblastic Neoplasms 1028174 C0041182 M0022033 Trophoblastic Tumor Trophoblast Tumor Neoplasms, Trophoblastic D014328 Trophoblastic Neoplasms 115234004 Trypanosomiasis [Disease/Finding] M0022072 D014352 Trypanosomiasis Infection with protozoa of the genus TRYPANOSOMA. 1025319 N0000003025 C6228 78940002 C0041227 Trypanosomiasis Tuberculosis [Disease/Finding] Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM. Kochs Disease C6238 Tuberculosis D014376 1023231 56717001 C0041296 Koch's Disease N0000003030 M0022106 Tuberculosis 373576009 Tuberculosis, Cutaneous [Disease/Finding] Tuberculosis, Cutaneous Tuberculosis of the skin. It includes scrofuloderma and tuberculid, but not LUPUS VULGARIS. C0041309 Tuberculosis, Cutaneous N0000003034 C6246 D014382 M0022111 Skin Tuberculosis 66986005 1025807 Tuberculosis, Ocular [Disease/Finding] 1022945 C0041322 Tuberculous infection of the eye, primarily the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. Tuberculosis, Ocular C6266 N0000003044 M0022124 D014392 49107007 Tuberculosis, Ocular Ocular Tuberculosis Tuberculosis, Pulmonary [Disease/Finding] 1025418 154283005 Tuberculosis, Pulmonary C0041327 C6276 N0000003049 Tuberculosis, Pulmonary Tuberculoses, Pulmonary 397190009 Pulmonary Phthisis Pulmonary Tuberculoses D014397 MYCOBACTERIUM infections of the lung. Pulmonary Tuberculosis M0022131 Pulmonary Consumption Tularemia [Disease/Finding] C0041351 D014406 M0022145 Tularemia A plague-like disease of rodents, transmissible to man. It is caused by FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS and is characterized by fever, chills, headache, backache, and weakness. 19265001 N0000003055 C6288 Francisella tularensis Infection Tularemia 1023428 Tumor Virus Infections [Disease/Finding] N0000003056 Tumor Virus Infections C0041374 Infections produced by oncogenic viruses. The infections caused by DNA viruses are less numerous but more diverse than those caused by the RNA oncogenic viruses. Infections, Tumor Virus D014412 M0022156 C6290 988538 Tumor Virus Infections Typhoid Fever [Disease/Finding] D014435 M0022185 C6296 1026044 Enteric Fever 4834000 An acute systemic febrile infection caused by SALMONELLA TYPHI, a serotype of SALMONELLA ENTERICA. Typhus, Abdominal Typhoid N0000003059 Typhoid Fever Typhoid Fever C0041466 Unconsciousness [Disease/Finding] 419045004 D014474 C0041657 M0022251 Unconsciousness 418107008 Unconscious State C6306 Loss of the ability to maintain awareness of self and environment combined with markedly reduced responsiveness to environmental stimuli. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp344-5) Consciousness, Loss of Unconsciousness N0000003064 1026031 Ureteral Diseases [Disease/Finding] 988834 N0000003068 C0041954 D014515 Ureteral Diseases C6314 Pathological processes involving the URETERS. M0022325 Ureteral Diseases Ureteral Obstruction [Disease/Finding] C0041956 Blockage in any part of the URETER causing obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER. The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral, bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy. C6318 20018005 Ureteral Obstruction D014517 N0000003070 1023031 Ureteral Obstruction M0022327 Urethral Diseases [Disease/Finding] C6322 4985009 M0022332 N0000003072 Urethral Diseases Urethral Diseases Pathological processes involving the URETHRA. C0041969 D014522 1022102 Urethral Obstruction [Disease/Finding] Partial or complete blockage in any part of the URETHRA that can lead to difficulty or inability to empty the URINARY BLADDER. It is characterized by an enlarged, often damaged, bladder with frequent urges to void. C0041972 985086 Urethral Obstruction C6326 95588004 D014524 Urethral Obstruction M0022334 N0000003074 Urinary Tract Infections [Disease/Finding] Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA. C0042029 1022108 68566005 N0000003081 Urinary Tract Infections Urinary Tract Infections D014552 M0022373 C6340 Urination Disorders [Disease/Finding] 1025163 Urination Disorders C0042035 M0022377 N0000003082 Urination Disorders C6342 D014555 Abnormalities in the process of URINE voiding, including bladder control, frequency of URINATION, as well as the volume and composition of URINE. Urogenital Abnormalities [Disease/Finding] C6344 D014564 M0022390 Congenital structural abnormalities of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female. Genitourinary Abnormalities Urogenital Abnormalities 287085006 N0000003083 C0042063 Urogenital Abnormalities Abnormalities, Urogenital 990562 Urogenital Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Tumors or cancer of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female. Urogenital Neoplasms N0000003084 C0042065 1025116 Urogenital Neoplasms Genitourinary Neoplasms D014565 C6346 Genito-urinary Neoplasm Neoplasms, Urogenital Neoplasms, Genitourinary M0022391 Male Urogenital Diseases [Disease/Finding] Male Genitourinary Diseases M0489510 Pathological processes of the male URINARY TRACT and the reproductive system (GENITALIA, MALE). C1720894 1027597 Male Urogenital Diseases D052801 CMSHM0489510 Male Urogenital Diseases N0000003085 Urologic Diseases [Disease/Finding] Urinary Tract Diseases Urological Diseases 128606002 1022769 Urologic Diseases M0022400 Pathological processes of the URINARY TRACT in both males and females. C0042075 197951006 C6350 41368006 N0000003086 D014570 Urologic Diseases Urologic Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] 126879004 Neoplasms, Urologic D014571 Tumors or cancer of the URINARY TRACT in either the male or the female. C6352 C0042076 M0022401 Urologic Neoplasms Urinary Tract Neoplasms 254913005 1023305 N0000003087 Urological Neoplasms Urologic Neoplasms Urticaria [Disease/Finding] Urticaria Urticaria 1023461 N0000003088 D014581 C6354 M0022414 A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by erythema and wheal formation due to localized increase of vascular permeability. The causative mechanism may be allergy, infection, or stress. C0042109 Hives 126485001 Uterine Diseases [Disease/Finding] C0042131 C6358 Pathological processes involving any part of the UTERUS. Uterine Diseases Uterine Diseases N0000003090 D014591 M0022426 12337004 1025904 Uterine Neoplasms [Disease/Finding] Uterine Neoplasms Neoplasms, Uterus Neoplasms, Uterine M0022431 126908007 N0000003093 Uterus Neoplasms 1022983 C6364 Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS. C0042138 D014594 Uterine Neoplasms Uveal Diseases [Disease/Finding] Diseases of the uvea. Uveal Diseases Uveal Diseases M0022443 D014603 1022942 C0042161 95678007 C6372 N0000003097 Uveitis [Disease/Finding] 128473001 N0000003099 M0022445 C0042164 C6376 Inflammation of part or all of the uvea, the middle (vascular) tunic of the eye, and commonly involving the other tunics (sclera and cornea, and the retina). (Dorland, 27th ed) Uveitis Uveitis 1022718 D014605 Uveitis, Anterior [Disease/Finding] 410692006 1028387 Inflammation of the anterior uvea comprising the iris, angle structures, and the ciliary body. Manifestations of this disorder include ciliary injection, exudation into the anterior chamber, iris changes, and adhesions between the iris and lens (posterior synechiae). Intraocular pressure may be increased or reduced. Uveitis, Anterior D014606 N0000003100 M0022446 C0042165 Uveitis, Anterior C6378 Vaginal Diseases [Disease/Finding] Pathological processes of the VAGINA. Vaginal Diseases M0022482 Vaginal Diseases D014623 C0042251 1026314 N0000003104 C6386 25658005 Vaginitis [Disease/Finding] C0042267 1021851 N0000003107 198213001 Vaginitis C6392 Vaginitis M0022488 D014627 Inflammation of the vagina characterized by pain and a purulent discharge. 30800001 Vascular Diseases [Disease/Finding] D014652 Vascular Diseases 27550009 N0000003111 1024109 M0022535 C0042373 Vascular Diseases C6400 Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include diseases of ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body. Vasculitis [Disease/Finding] 1026759 C6404 Inflammation of any one of the blood vessels, including the ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body. C0042384 Vasculitis Vasculitis 31996006 N0000003113 Angiitis D014657 M0022540 Ventricular Fibrillation [Disease/Finding] C0042510 1024218 Ventricular Fibrillation N0000003118 C6414 D014693 71908006 Ventricular Fibrillation M0022595 A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST. Virus Diseases [Disease/Finding] C6434 1022696 D014777 M0022758 Virus Diseases 34014006 Viral Diseases C0042769 A general term for diseases produced by viruses. N0000003128 Virus Diseases Vitamin D Deficiency [Disease/Finding] 1024200 A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN D in the diet, insufficient production of vitamin D in the skin, inadequate absorption of vitamin D from the diet, or abnormal conversion of vitamin D to its bioactive metabolites. It is manifested clinically as RICKETS in children and OSTEOMALACIA in adults. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1406) C6446 C0042870 M0022798 N0000003134 Vitamin D Deficiency Vitamin D Deficiency D014808 34713006 Deficiency, Vitamin D Vomiting [Disease/Finding] Vomiting The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH. Vomiting C6460 1025810 C0042963 M0022844 N0000003141 Emesis 15387003 D014839 Vulvar Diseases [Disease/Finding] Vulvar Diseases Vulvar Diseases C6468 C0042994 M0022856 N0000003145 Pathological processes of the VULVA. 5089007 1024723 D014845 Vulvitis [Disease/Finding] M0022858 63144007 N0000003147 C0042996 D014847 Vulvitis Inflammation of the VULVA. It is characterized by PRURITUS and painful urination. 1023099 266586003 Vulvitis C6472 Vulvovaginitis [Disease/Finding] 1025805 Vulvovaginitis D014848 C6474 53277000 198215008 C0042998 N0000003148 Inflammation of the VULVA and the VAGINA, characterized by discharge, burning, and PRURITUS. Vulvovaginitis M0022859