Note

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River runoff

import os
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.dates import DateFormatter
import opendrift
from opendrift.models.oceandrift import OceanDrift
from opendrift.readers import reader_oscillating


outfile = 'runoff.nc'  # Raw simulation output
histogram_file = 'runoff_histogram.nc'

First make a simulation with two seedings, marked by origin_marker

o = OceanDrift(loglevel=20)
o.set_config('drift:horizontal_diffusivity', 300)
o.set_config('general:coastline_action', 'previous')
t1 = datetime.now()
t2 = t1 + timedelta(hours=48)
reader_x = reader_oscillating.Reader('x_sea_water_velocity', period_seconds=3600*24,
                amplitude=1, zero_time=t1)
reader_y = reader_oscillating.Reader('y_sea_water_velocity', period_seconds=3600*72,
                amplitude=.5, zero_time=t2)
o.add_reader([reader_x, reader_y])
number = 25000
o.seed_elements(time=[t1, t2], lon=9.017931, lat=58.562702, number=number,
                origin_marker_name='River 1')  # River 1
o.seed_elements(time=[t1, t2], lon=8.824815, lat=58.425648, number=number,
                origin_marker_name='River 2')  # River 2
seed_times = o.elements_scheduled_time[0:number]

o.run(duration=timedelta(hours=48),
      time_step=1800, time_step_output=3600, outfile=outfile)

20:15:21 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel:515: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.12.0 / v1.12.0-26-g390e945)
20:15:21 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:218: Adding a dynamical landmask with max. priority based on assumed maximum speed of 2.0 m/s. Adding a customised landmask may be faster...
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:245: Fallback values will be used for the following variables which have no readers:
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    sea_surface_height: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    x_wind: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    y_wind: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    upward_sea_water_velocity: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    ocean_vertical_diffusivity: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    sea_surface_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_x_velocity: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    sea_surface_wave_stokes_drift_y_velocity: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    sea_surface_wave_period_at_variance_spectral_density_maximum: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    sea_surface_wave_mean_period_from_variance_spectral_density_second_frequency_moment: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    sea_surface_swell_wave_to_direction: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    sea_surface_swell_wave_peak_period_from_variance_spectral_density: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    sea_surface_swell_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    sea_surface_wind_wave_to_direction: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    sea_surface_wind_wave_mean_period: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    sea_surface_wind_wave_significant_height: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    surface_downward_x_stress: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    surface_downward_y_stress: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    turbulent_kinetic_energy: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    turbulent_generic_length_scale: 0.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    ocean_mixed_layer_thickness: 50.000000
20:15:25 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel.environment:248:    sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level: 10000.000000
20:15:28 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel:935: Using existing reader for land_binary_mask
20:15:28 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel:946: All points are in ocean
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20:15:51 INFO    opendrift.export.io_netcdf:121: Wrote 49 steps to file runoff.nc
/opt/conda/envs/opendrift/lib/python3.11/site-packages/numpy/ma/core.py:467: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in cast
  fill_value = np.array(fill_value, copy=False, dtype=ndtype)

Opening the output file lazily with Xarray. This will work even if the file is too large to fit in memory, as it will read and process data chuck-by-chunk directly from file using Dask.

o = opendrift.open_xarray(outfile)

20:16:00 DEBUG   opendrift.config:168: Adding 18 config items from __init__
20:16:00 DEBUG   opendrift.config:178:   Overwriting config item readers:max_number_of_fails
20:16:00 DEBUG   opendrift.config:168: Adding 5 config items from __init__
20:16:00 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel:515: OpenDriftSimulation initialised (version 1.12.0 / v1.12.0-26-g390e945)
20:16:00 DEBUG   opendrift.config:168: Adding 15 config items from oceandrift
20:16:00 DEBUG   opendrift.config:178:   Overwriting config item seed:z
20:16:00 DEBUG   opendrift.export.io_netcdf:239: Importing with Xarray from runoff.nc
20:16:00 INFO    opendrift:118: Returning <class 'opendrift.models.oceandrift.OceanDrift'> object

We want to extract timeseries of river water at the coordinates of a hypothetical measuring station as well as the amount of river water passing through two defined areas/regions

station_lon = 9.4
station_lat = 58.1
box1_lon = [8.4, 8.8]
box1_lat = [57.9, 58.1]
box2_lon = [9.5, 9.9]
box2_lat = [58.3, 58.5]

Animation of the spatial density of river runoff water. Although there are the same number of elements from each river, the density plots are weighted with the actual runoff at time of seeding. This weighting can be done/changed afterwards without needing to redo the simulation. The calculated density fields will be stored/cached in the analysis file for later re-use, as their calculation may be time consuming for huge output files. Note that other analysis/plotting methods are not yet adapted to datasets opened lazily with open_xarray

runoff_river1 = np.abs(np.cos(np.arange(number)*2*np.pi/(number)))  # Impose a temporal variation of runoff
runoff_river2 = 10*runoff_river1  # Let river 2 have 10 times as large runoff as river 1
runoff = np.concatenate((runoff_river1, runoff_river2))

Calculate density with given pixel size, weighted by runoff amount per element

river_water = o.get_histogram(pixelsize_m=1500, weights=runoff, density=False)

rw = river_water.sum(dim='origin_marker')  # For both rivers
#rw = river_water.isel(origin_marker=1)    # For one of the rivers
river_water.name = 'River water [m3/cell]'

text = [{'s': o.origin_marker[0], 'x': 8.55, 'y': 58.56, 'fontsize': 20, 'color': 'g',
         'backgroundcolor': 'white', 'bbox': dict(facecolor='white', alpha=0.8), 'zorder': 1000},
        {'s': o.origin_marker[1], 'x': 8.35, 'y': 58.42, 'fontsize': 20, 'color': 'g',
         'backgroundcolor': 'white', 'bbox': dict(facecolor='white', alpha=0.8), 'zorder': 1000},
        {'s': '* Station', 'x': station_lon, 'y': station_lat, 'fontsize': 20, 'color': 'k',
         'backgroundcolor': 'white', 'bbox': dict(facecolor='none', edgecolor='none', alpha=0.4), 'zorder': 1000}]
box = [{'lon': box1_lon, 'lat': box1_lat, 'text': 'Area 1', 'fc': 'none', 'alpha': 0.8, 'lw': 1, 'ec': 'k'},
       {'lon': box2_lon, 'lat': box2_lat, 'text': 'Area 2', 'fc': 'none', 'alpha': 0.8, 'lw': 1, 'ec': 'k'}]

o.animation(background=rw.where(rw>0), bgalpha=1, fast=False,
            show_elements=False, vmin=0, vmax=120, text=text, box=box)

20:16:01 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel:3892:       calculating for origin_marker 0...
20:16:01 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel:3892:       calculating for origin_marker 1...
20:16:01 DEBUG   opendrift.models.basemodel:2364: Setting up map: corners=None, fast=False, lscale=None
20:16:01 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
/opt/conda/envs/opendrift/lib/python3.11/site-packages/cartopy/mpl/geoaxes.py:1692: UserWarning: No data for colormapping provided via 'c'. Parameters 'cmap', 'vmin', 'vmax' will be ignored
  result = super().scatter(*args, **kwargs)
20:16:21 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:23 DEBUG   opendrift.models.basemodel:3044: Saving animation..
20:16:23 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel:4613: Saving animation to /root/project/docs/source/gallery/animations/example_river_runoff_0.gif...
20:16:23 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:24 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:26 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:28 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:30 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:31 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:33 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:35 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:36 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:38 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:40 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:41 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:43 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:44 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:47 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:48 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:50 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:52 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:53 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:55 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:57 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:16:58 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:00 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:01 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:03 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:05 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:06 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:08 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:10 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:12 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:14 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:16 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:18 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:19 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:21 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:22 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:24 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:26 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:27 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:29 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:30 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:32 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:34 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:35 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:37 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:39 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:40 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:42 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:44 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:46 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:48 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:49 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:51 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:53 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:55 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:56 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:58 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:17:59 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:01 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:03 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:04 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:06 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:08 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:09 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:11 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:13 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:14 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:16 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:18 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:19 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:21 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:22 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:24 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:26 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:27 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:29 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:30 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:32 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:34 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:35 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:37 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:38 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:40 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:41 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:43 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:44 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:46 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:47 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:49 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:50 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:52 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:53 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:55 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:57 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:18:58 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:19:00 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:19:01 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:19:03 DEBUG   opendrift.readers.reader_global_landmask:78: Adding GSHHG shapes from cartopy, scale: h, extent: (7.309537506103514, 10.789533996582032, 57.41804962158203, 58.819724273681636)..
20:19:06 DEBUG   opendrift.models.basemodel:4651: MPLBACKEND = agg
20:19:06 DEBUG   opendrift.models.basemodel:4652: DISPLAY = None
20:19:06 DEBUG   opendrift.models.basemodel:4653: Time to save animation: 0:02:42.828016
20:19:06 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel:3037: Time to make animation: 0:03:04.474319
../_images/example_river_runoff_0.gif

Plotting time series of river runoff, and corresponding water passing through the station and the two defined areas/boxes

fig, (ax1, ax2, ax3, ax4) = plt.subplots(4, 1)
# Runoff
ax1.plot(seed_times, runoff_river1, label=o.origin_marker[0])
ax1.plot(seed_times, runoff_river2, label=o.origin_marker[1])
ax1.set_ylabel('Runoff  [m3/s]')
ax1.set_title('Runoff')
# Area 1
t1 = river_water.sel(lon_bin=slice(box1_lon[0], box1_lon[1]),
                     lat_bin=slice(box1_lat[0], box1_lat[1]))
t1 = t1.sum(('lon_bin', 'lat_bin'))
t1.isel(origin_marker=0).plot(label=o.origin_marker[0], ax=ax2)
t1.isel(origin_marker=1).plot(label=o.origin_marker[1], ax=ax2)
t1.sum(dim='origin_marker').plot(label='Total', linestyle='--', ax=ax2)
ax2.set_title('Amount of water passing through Area 1')
# Area 2
t2 = river_water.sel(lon_bin=slice(box2_lon[0], box2_lon[1]),
                     lat_bin=slice(box2_lat[0], box2_lat[1]))
t2 = t2.sum(('lon_bin', 'lat_bin'))
t2.isel(origin_marker=0).plot(label=o.origin_marker[0], ax=ax3)
t2.isel(origin_marker=1).plot(label=o.origin_marker[1], ax=ax3)
t2.sum(dim='origin_marker').plot(label='Total', linestyle='--', ax=ax3)
ax3.set_title('Amount of water passing through Area 2')
# Extracting time series at the location of the station
t = river_water.sel(lon_bin=station_lon, lat_bin=station_lat, method='nearest')
t.isel(origin_marker=0).plot(label=o.origin_marker[0], ax=ax4)
t.isel(origin_marker=1).plot(label=o.origin_marker[1], ax=ax4)
t.sum(dim='origin_marker').plot(label='Total', linestyle='--', ax=ax4)
ax4.legend()
ax4.margins(x=0)

for ax in [ax1, ax2, ax3]:
    ax.margins(x=0)
    ax.legend()
    #ax.set_xticks([])
    ax.set_xlabel(None)
ax4.set_title('Density of water at Station')
# TODO disabling due to recent problem with dateformatter
#ax4.xaxis.set_major_formatter(DateFormatter("%d %b %H"))
plt.show()
Runoff, Amount of water passing through Area 1, Amount of water passing through Area 2, Density of water at Station

Finally, plot the spatial distribution of mean age of water

num = o.get_histogram(pixelsize_m=1500, weights=None, density=False)
num.name = 'number'
num.to_netcdf(histogram_file)

mas = o.get_histogram(pixelsize_m=1500, weights=o.ds['age_seconds'], density=False)
mas = mas/3600  # in hours
mas = mas/num  # per area
mas.name='mean_age'
mas.to_netcdf(histogram_file, 'a')
mas = mas.mean(dim='time').sum(dim='origin_marker')  # Mean time of both rivers
#mas = mas.mean(dim='time').isel(origin_marker=1)  # Mean age of a single river
mas.name='Mean age of water [hours]'

o.plot(background=mas.where(mas>0), fast=True, show_elements=False)


# Cleaning up
os.remove(outfile)
os.remove(histogram_file)
OpenDrift - OceanDrift 2024-12-12 20:15 to 2024-12-14 20:15 UTC (49 steps)
20:19:06 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel:3892:       calculating for origin_marker 0...
20:19:06 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel:3892:       calculating for origin_marker 1...
20:19:07 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel:3892:       calculating for origin_marker 0...
20:19:07 INFO    opendrift.models.basemodel:3892:       calculating for origin_marker 1...
20:19:07 DEBUG   opendrift.models.basemodel:2364: Setting up map: corners=None, fast=True, lscale=None
20:19:07 WARNING opendrift.models.basemodel:2410: Plotting fast. This will make your plots less accurate.

Total running time of the script: (3 minutes 51.964 seconds)

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