{ "Header":{ "Conventions":"CF-1.11; ODS-2.5", "approx_interval":"30.00000", "cmor_version":"3.5", "data_specs_version":"ODS-2.5", "generic_levels":"alevel alevhalf", "int_missing_value":"-999", "mip_era":"CMIP6", "missing_value":"1e20", "product":"model-output", "realm":"atmos", "table_date":"18 November 2020", "table_id":"Table obs4MIPs_Amon" }, "variable_entry":{ "ccb":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Where convective cloud is present in the grid cell, the instantaneous cloud base altitude should be that of the bottom of the lowest level containing convective cloud. Missing data should be reported in the absence of convective cloud. The time mean should be calculated from these quantities averaging over occasions when convective cloud is present only, and should contain missing data for occasions when no convective cloud is present during the meaning period.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Air Pressure at Convective Cloud Base", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"ccb", "positive":"", "standard_name":"air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_base", "type":"real", "units":"Pa", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "cct":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Where convective cloud is present in the grid cell, the instantaneous cloud top altitude should be that of the top of the highest level containing convective cloud. Missing data should be reported in the absence of convective cloud. The time mean should be calculated from these quantities averaging over occasions when convective cloud is present only, and should contain missing data for occasions when no convective cloud is present during the meaning period.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Air Pressure at Convective Cloud Top", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"cct", "positive":"", "standard_name":"air_pressure_at_convective_cloud_top", "type":"real", "units":"Pa", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "cfc113global":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. The chemical formula of CFC113 is CCl2FCClF2. The IUPAC name for CFC113 is 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro-ethane.", "dimensions":"time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CFC113", "modeling_realm":"atmos atmosChem", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"cfc113global", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_cfc113_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"1e-12", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "cfc11global":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. The chemical formula of CFC11 is CFCl3. The IUPAC name for CFC11 is trichloro-fluoro-methane.", "dimensions":"time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CFC11", "modeling_realm":"atmos atmosChem", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"cfc11global", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_cfc11_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"1e-12", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "cfc12global":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. The chemical formula of CFC12 is CF2Cl2. The IUPAC name for CFC12 is dichloro-difluoro-methane.", "dimensions":"time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CFC12", "modeling_realm":"atmos atmosChem", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"cfc12global", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_cfc12_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"1e-12", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "ch4":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude plev19 time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Mole Fraction of CH4", "modeling_realm":"atmos atmosChem", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"ch4", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_methane_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"mol mol-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "ch4Clim":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: mean time: mean within years time: mean over years", "comment":"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude plev19 time2", "frequency":"monC", "long_name":"Mole Fraction of CH4", "modeling_realm":"atmos atmosChem", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"ch4", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_methane_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"mol mol-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "ch4global":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CH4", "dimensions":"time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CH4", "modeling_realm":"atmos atmosChem", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"ch4global", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_methane_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"1e-09", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "ch4globalClim":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"area: mean time: mean within years time: mean over years", "comment":"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CH4", "dimensions":"time2", "frequency":"monC", "long_name":"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CH4", "modeling_realm":"atmos atmosChem", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"ch4global", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_methane_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"1e-09", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "ci":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Fraction of time that convection occurs in the grid cell.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Fraction of Time Convection Occurs in Cell", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"ci", "positive":"", "standard_name":"convection_time_fraction", "type":"real", "units":"1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "cl":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Percentage cloud cover, including both large-scale and convective cloud.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude alevel time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Percentage Cloud Cover", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"cl", "positive":"", "standard_name":"cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer", "type":"real", "units":"%", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "cli":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Includes both large-scale and convective cloud. This is calculated as the mass of cloud ice in the grid cell divided by the mass of air (including the water in all phases) in the grid cell. It includes precipitating hydrometeors ONLY if the precipitating hydrometeors affect the calculation of radiative transfer in model.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude alevel time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Mass Fraction of Cloud Ice", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"cli", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mass_fraction_of_cloud_ice_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"kg kg-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "clivi":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"mass of ice water in the column divided by the area of the column (not just the area of the cloudy portion of the column). Includes precipitating frozen hydrometeors ONLY if the precipitating hydrometeor affects the calculation of radiative transfer in model.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Ice Water Path", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"clivi", "positive":"", "standard_name":"atmosphere_mass_content_of_cloud_ice", "type":"real", "units":"kg m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "clt":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Total cloud area fraction (reported as a percentage) for the whole atmospheric column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. Includes both large-scale and convective cloud.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Total Cloud Cover Percentage", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"clt", "positive":"", "standard_name":"cloud_area_fraction", "type":"real", "units":"%", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "clw":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Includes both large-scale and convective cloud. Calculate as the mass of cloud liquid water in the grid cell divided by the mass of air (including the water in all phases) in the grid cells. Precipitating hydrometeors are included ONLY if the precipitating hydrometeors affect the calculation of radiative transfer in model.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude alevel time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Mass Fraction of Cloud Liquid Water", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"clw", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mass_fraction_of_cloud_liquid_water_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"kg kg-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "clwvi":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Mass of condensed (liquid + ice) water in the column divided by the area of the column (not just the area of the cloudy portion of the column). Includes precipitating hydrometeors ONLY if the precipitating hydrometeors affect the calculation of radiative transfer in model.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Condensed Water Path", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"clwvi", "positive":"", "standard_name":"atmosphere_mass_content_of_cloud_condensed_water", "type":"real", "units":"kg m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "co2":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude plev19 time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Mole Fraction of CO2", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"co2", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_carbon_dioxide_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"mol mol-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "co2Clim":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: mean time: mean within years time: mean over years", "comment":"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude plev19 time2", "frequency":"monC", "long_name":"Mole Fraction of CO2", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"co2", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_carbon_dioxide_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"mol mol-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "co2mass":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Total atmospheric mass of Carbon Dioxide", "dimensions":"time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Total Atmospheric Mass of CO2", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"co2mass", "positive":"", "standard_name":"atmosphere_mass_of_carbon_dioxide", "type":"real", "units":"kg", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "co2massClim":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"area: mean time: mean within years time: mean over years", "comment":"Total atmospheric mass of Carbon Dioxide", "dimensions":"time2", "frequency":"monC", "long_name":"Total Atmospheric Mass of CO2", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"co2mass", "positive":"", "standard_name":"atmosphere_mass_of_carbon_dioxide", "type":"real", "units":"kg", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "evspsbl":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Evaporation at surface (also known as evapotranspiration): flux of water into the atmosphere due to conversion of both liquid and solid phases to vapor (from underlying surface and vegetation)", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Evaporation Including Sublimation and Transpiration", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"evspsbl", "positive":"", "standard_name":"water_evapotranspiration_flux", "type":"real", "units":"kg m-2 s-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "fco2antt":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"This is requested only for the emission-driven coupled carbon climate model runs. Does not include natural fire sources but, includes all anthropogenic sources, including fossil fuel use, cement production, agricultural burning, and sources associated with anthropogenic land use change excluding forest regrowth.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere Due to All Anthropogenic Emissions of CO2 [kgC m-2 s-1]", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"fco2antt", "positive":"", "standard_name":"tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_anthropogenic_emission", "type":"real", "units":"kg m-2 s-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "fco2fos":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"This is the prescribed anthropogenic CO2 flux from fossil fuel use, including cement production, and flaring (but not from land-use changes, agricultural burning, forest regrowth, etc.)", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere Due to Fossil Fuel Emissions of CO2 [kgC m-2 s-1]", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"fco2fos", "positive":"", "standard_name":"tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_fossil_fuel_combustion", "type":"real", "units":"kg m-2 s-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "fco2nat":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"This is what the atmosphere sees (on its own grid). This field should be equivalent to the combined natural fluxes of carbon that account for natural exchanges between the atmosphere and land (nep) or ocean (fgco2) reservoirs.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Surface Carbon Mass Flux into the Atmosphere Due to Natural Sources [kgC m-2 s-1]", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"fco2nat", "positive":"", "standard_name":"surface_upward_mass_flux_of_carbon_dioxide_expressed_as_carbon_due_to_emission_from_natural_sources", "type":"real", "units":"kg m-2 s-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "hcfc22global":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chemical formula for HCFC22 is CHClF2. The IUPAC name for HCFC22 is chloro-difluoro-methane.", "dimensions":"time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Global Mean Mole Fraction of HCFC22", "modeling_realm":"atmos atmosChem", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"hcfc22global", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_hcfc22_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"1e-12", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "hfls":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"The surface called 'surface' means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. 'Upward' indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Surface Upward Latent Heat Flux", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"hfls", "positive":"up", "standard_name":"surface_upward_latent_heat_flux", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "hfns":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Net Surface Energy", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"hfns", "positive":"", "standard_name":"Net_Surface_Energy", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "hfss":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"The surface sensible heat flux, also called turbulent heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Surface Upward Sensible Heat Flux", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"hfss", "positive":"up", "standard_name":"surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "hur":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"The relative humidity with respect to liquid water for T> 0 C, and with respect to ice for T<0 C.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude plev19 time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Relative Humidity", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"hur", "positive":"", "standard_name":"relative_humidity", "type":"real", "units":"%", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "hurs":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"The relative humidity with respect to liquid water for T> 0 C, and with respect to ice for T<0 C.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time height2m", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Near-Surface Relative Humidity", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"hurs", "positive":"", "standard_name":"relative_humidity", "type":"real", "units":"%", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "hus":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude plev19 time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Specific Humidity", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"hus", "positive":"", "standard_name":"specific_humidity", "type":"real", "units":"1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "huss":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Near-surface (usually, 2 meter) specific humidity.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time height2m", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Near-Surface Specific Humidity", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"huss", "positive":"", "standard_name":"specific_humidity", "type":"real", "units":"1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "mc":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"The net mass flux should represent the difference between the updraft and downdraft components. The flux is computed as the mass divided by the area of the grid cell.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude alevhalf time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Convective Mass Flux", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"mc", "positive":"up", "standard_name":"atmosphere_net_upward_convective_mass_flux", "type":"real", "units":"kg m-2 s-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "n2o":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. The chemical formula of nitrous oxide is N2O.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude plev19 time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Mole Fraction of N2O", "modeling_realm":"atmos atmosChem", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"n2o", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_nitrous_oxide_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"mol mol-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "n2oClim":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: mean time: mean within years time: mean over years", "comment":"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. The chemical formula of nitrous oxide is N2O.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude plev19 time2", "frequency":"monC", "long_name":"Mole Fraction of N2O", "modeling_realm":"atmos atmosChem", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"n2o", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_nitrous_oxide_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"mol mol-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "n2oglobal":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Global mean Nitrous Oxide (N2O)", "dimensions":"time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Global Mean Mole Fraction of N2O", "modeling_realm":"atmos atmosChem", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"n2oglobal", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_nitrous_oxide_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"1e-09", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "n2oglobalClim":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"area: mean time: mean within years time: mean over years", "comment":"Global mean Nitrous Oxide (N2O)", "dimensions":"time2", "frequency":"monC", "long_name":"Global Mean Mole Fraction of N2O", "modeling_realm":"atmos atmosChem", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"n2oglobal", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_nitrous_oxide_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"1e-09", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "o3":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude plev19 time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Mole Fraction of O3", "modeling_realm":"atmos atmosChem", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"o3", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_ozone_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"mol mol-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "o3Clim":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: mean time: mean within years time: mean over years", "comment":"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude plev19 time2", "frequency":"monC", "long_name":"Mole Fraction of O3", "modeling_realm":"atmos atmosChem", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"o3", "positive":"", "standard_name":"mole_fraction_of_ozone_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"mol mol-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "pr":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"includes both liquid and solid phases", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Precipitation", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"pr", "positive":"", "standard_name":"precipitation_flux", "type":"real", "units":"kg m-2 s-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "prc":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Convective precipitation at surface; includes both liquid and solid phases.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Convective Precipitation", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"prc", "positive":"", "standard_name":"convective_precipitation_flux", "type":"real", "units":"kg m-2 s-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "prsn":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"At surface; includes precipitation of all forms of water in the solid phase", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Snowfall Flux", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"prsn", "positive":"", "standard_name":"snowfall_flux", "type":"real", "units":"kg m-2 s-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "prw":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"vertically integrated through the atmospheric column", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Water Vapor Path", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"prw", "positive":"", "standard_name":"atmosphere_mass_content_of_water_vapor", "type":"real", "units":"kg m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "ps":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"surface pressure (not mean sea-level pressure), 2-D field to calculate the 3-D pressure field from hybrid coordinates", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Surface Air Pressure", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"ps", "positive":"", "standard_name":"surface_air_pressure", "type":"real", "units":"Pa", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "psl":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Sea Level Pressure", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Sea Level Pressure", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"psl", "positive":"", "standard_name":"air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level", "type":"real", "units":"Pa", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rlds":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"The surface called 'surface' means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. 'longwave' means longwave radiation. Downwelling radiation is radiation from above. It does not mean 'net downward'. When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called 'irradiance'. In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called 'vector irradiance'. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Surface Downwelling Longwave Radiation", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rlds", "positive":"down", "standard_name":"surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rldscs":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Surface downwelling clear-sky longwave radiation", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Surface Downwelling Clear-Sky Longwave Radiation", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rldscs", "positive":"down", "standard_name":"surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rltcre":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Top of Atmosphere Longwave CRE", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rltcre", "positive":"up", "standard_name":"TOA_LW_cloud_forcing", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rlus":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"The surface called 'surface' means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. 'longwave' means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean 'net upward'. When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called 'irradiance'. In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called 'vector irradiance'. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Surface Upwelling Longwave Radiation", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rlus", "positive":"up", "standard_name":"surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rlut":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"at the top of the atmosphere (to be compared with satellite measurements)", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"TOA Outgoing Longwave Radiation", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rlut", "positive":"up", "standard_name":"toa_outgoing_longwave_flux", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rlutcs":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Upwelling clear-sky longwave radiation at top of atmosphere", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"TOA Outgoing Clear-Sky Longwave Radiation", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rlutcs", "positive":"up", "standard_name":"toa_outgoing_longwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rsds":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Surface solar irradiance for UV calculations.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Surface Downwelling Shortwave Radiation", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rsds", "positive":"down", "standard_name":"surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rsdscs":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Surface solar irradiance clear sky for UV calculations", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Surface Downwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rsdscs", "positive":"down", "standard_name":"surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rsdt":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Shortwave radiation incident at the top of the atmosphere", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"TOA Incident Shortwave Radiation", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rsdt", "positive":"down", "standard_name":"toa_incoming_shortwave_flux", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rstcre":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Top of Atmosphere Shortwave CRE", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rstcre", "positive":"up", "standard_name":"TOA_SW_cloud_forcing", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rsus":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"The surface called 'surface' means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. 'shortwave' means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean 'net upward'. When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called 'irradiance'. In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called 'vector irradiance'. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, 'flux' implies per unit area, called 'flux density' in physics.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Surface Upwelling Shortwave Radiation", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rsus", "positive":"up", "standard_name":"surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rsuscs":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Surface Upwelling Clear-sky Shortwave Radiation", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Surface Upwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rsuscs", "positive":"up", "standard_name":"surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rsut":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"at the top of the atmosphere", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"TOA Outgoing Shortwave Radiation", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rsut", "positive":"up", "standard_name":"toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rsutcs":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Calculated in the absence of clouds.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"TOA Outgoing Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rsutcs", "positive":"up", "standard_name":"toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux_assuming_clear_sky", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rt":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Top of Atmosphere Net Radation", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rt", "positive":"", "standard_name":"Net_TOA_Radiation", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "rtmt":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Net Downward Radiative Flux at Top of Model : I.e., at the top of that portion of the atmosphere where dynamics are explicitly treated by the model. This is reported only if it differs from the net downward radiative flux at the top of the atmosphere.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Net Downward Radiative Flux at Top of Model", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"rtmt", "positive":"down", "standard_name":"net_downward_radiative_flux_at_top_of_atmosphere_model", "type":"real", "units":"W m-2", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "sbl":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"The snow and ice sublimation flux is the loss of snow and ice mass per unit area from the surface resulting from their direct conversion to water vapor that enters the atmosphere.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Surface Snow and Ice Sublimation Flux", "modeling_realm":"landIce", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"sbl", "positive":"", "standard_name":"tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_water_vapor_due_to_sublimation_of_surface_snow_and_ice", "type":"real", "units":"kg m-2 s-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "sci":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Fraction of time that shallow convection occurs in the grid cell.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Fraction of Time Shallow Convection Occurs", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"sci", "positive":"", "standard_name":"shallow_convection_time_fraction", "type":"real", "units":"1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "sfcWind":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"near-surface (usually, 10 meters) wind speed.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time height10m", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Near-Surface Wind Speed", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"sfcWind", "positive":"", "standard_name":"wind_speed", "type":"real", "units":"m s-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "ta":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"Air Temperature", "dimensions":"longitude latitude plev19 time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Air Temperature", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"ta", "positive":"", "standard_name":"air_temperature", "type":"real", "units":"K", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "tas":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"near-surface (usually, 2 meter) air temperature", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time height2m", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Near-Surface Air Temperature", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"tas", "positive":"", "standard_name":"air_temperature", "type":"real", "units":"K", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "tasmax":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: mean time: maximum within days time: mean over days", "comment":"maximum near-surface (usually, 2 meter) air temperature (add cell_method attribute 'time: max')", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time height2m", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Daily Maximum Near-Surface Air Temperature", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"tasmax", "positive":"", "standard_name":"air_temperature", "type":"real", "units":"K", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "tasmin":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: mean time: minimum within days time: mean over days", "comment":"minimum near-surface (usually, 2 meter) air temperature (add cell_method attribute 'time: min')", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time height2m", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Daily Minimum Near-Surface Air Temperature", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"tasmin", "positive":"", "standard_name":"air_temperature", "type":"real", "units":"K", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "tauu":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Downward eastward wind stress at the surface", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Surface Downward Eastward Wind Stress", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"tauu", "positive":"down", "standard_name":"surface_downward_eastward_stress", "type":"real", "units":"Pa", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "tauv":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Downward northward wind stress at the surface", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Surface Downward Northward Wind Stress", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"tauv", "positive":"down", "standard_name":"surface_downward_northward_stress", "type":"real", "units":"Pa", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "tls":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"MSU Temperature Lower Stratosphere", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"tmt", "positive":"", "standard_name":"MSU_Temperature_Lower_Stratosphere", "type":"real", "units":"K", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "tlt":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"MSU Temperature Lower Troposphere", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"tlt", "positive":"", "standard_name":"MSU_Temperature_Lower_Troposphere", "type":"real", "units":"K", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "tmt":{ "cell_measures":"", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"MSU Temperature Mid Troposphere", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"tmt", "positive":"", "standard_name":"MSU_Temperature_Mid_Troposphere", "type":"real", "units":"K", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "toz":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Total ozone column calculated at 0 degrees C and 1 bar, such that 1m = 1e5 DU.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Total Column Ozone", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"toz", "positive":"", "standard_name":"equivalent_thickness_at_stp_of_atmosphere_ozone_content", "type":"real", "units":"m", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "ts":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Temperature of the lower boundary of the atmosphere", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Surface Temperature", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"ts", "positive":"", "standard_name":"surface_temperature", "type":"real", "units":"K", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "ua":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"Zonal wind (positive in a eastward direction).", "dimensions":"longitude latitude plev19 time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Eastward Wind", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"ua", "positive":"", "standard_name":"eastward_wind", "type":"real", "units":"m s-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "uas":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Eastward component of the near-surface (usually, 10 meters) wind", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time height10m", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Eastward Near-Surface Wind", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"uas", "positive":"", "standard_name":"eastward_wind", "type":"real", "units":"m s-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "va":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"Meridional wind (positive in a northward direction).", "dimensions":"longitude latitude plev19 time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Northward Wind", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"va", "positive":"", "standard_name":"northward_wind", "type":"real", "units":"m s-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "vas":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"area: time: mean", "comment":"Northward component of the near surface wind", "dimensions":"longitude latitude time height10m", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Northward Near-Surface Wind", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"vas", "positive":"", "standard_name":"northward_wind", "type":"real", "units":"m s-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "wap":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"Omega (vertical velocity in pressure coordinates, positive downwards)", "dimensions":"longitude latitude plev19 time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Omega (=dp/dt)", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"wap", "positive":"", "standard_name":"lagrangian_tendency_of_air_pressure", "type":"real", "units":"Pa s-1", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" }, "zg":{ "cell_measures":"area: areacella", "cell_methods":"time: mean", "comment":"Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. Geopotential height is the geopotential divided by the standard acceleration due to gravity. It is numerically similar to the altitude (or geometric height) and not to the quantity with standard name height, which is relative to the surface.", "dimensions":"longitude latitude plev19 time", "frequency":"mon", "long_name":"Geopotential Height", "modeling_realm":"atmos", "ok_max_mean_abs":"", "ok_min_mean_abs":"", "out_name":"zg", "positive":"", "standard_name":"geopotential_height", "type":"real", "units":"m", "valid_max":"", "valid_min":"" } } }