Plant Phenology Ontology taxonomic inventory metadata preferred name BCO preferred label BFO OWL specification label Relates an entity in the ontology to the name of the variable that is used to represent it in the code that generates the BFO OWL file from the lispy specification. Really of interest to developers only BFO OWL specification label BFO CLIF specification label Relates an entity in the ontology to the term that is used to represent it in the the CLIF specification of BFO2 Person:Alan Ruttenberg Really of interest to developers only BFO CLIF specification label editor preferred label editor preferred term The concise, meaningful, and human-friendly name for a class or property preferred by the ontology developers. (US-English) PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> editor preferred label editor preferred label editor preferred term editor preferred term editor preferred term~editor preferred label example example of usage A phrase describing how a class name should be used. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding of a class semantics, such as widely known prototypical subclasses or instances of the class. Although essential for high level terms, examples for low level terms (e.g., Affymetrix HU133 array) are not A phrase describing how a term should be used and/or a citation to a work which uses it. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding, such as widely know prototypes or instances of a class, or cases where a relation is said to hold. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> example of usage in branch An annotation property indicating which module the terms belong to. This is currently experimental and not implemented yet. GROUP:OBI OBI_0000277 in branch has curation status PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Bill Bug PERSON:Melanie Courtot OBI_0000281 has curation status definition definition The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. 2012-04-05: Barry Smith The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible. Can you fix to something like: A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property. Alan Ruttenberg Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria. On the specifics of the proposed definition: We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition. Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable. We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> definition definition definition textual definition textual definition editor note An administrative note intended for its editor. It may not be included in the publication version of the ontology, so it should contain nothing necessary for end users to understand the ontology. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obfoundry.org/obo/obi> IAO:0000116 uberon editor_note true editor_note editor note editor note term editor Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people 20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See http://code.google.com/p/information-artifact-ontology/issues/detail?id=115. 20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/115. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> term editor alternative term An alternative name for a class or property which means the same thing as the preferred name (semantically equivalent) PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> alternative term definition source formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007 PERSON:Daniel Schober Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> definition source has obsolescence reason Relates an annotation property to an obsolescence reason. The values of obsolescence reasons come from a list of predefined terms, instances of the class obsolescence reason specification. PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Melanie Courtot has obsolescence reason curator note An administrative note of use for a curator but of no use for a user PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg curator note is denotator type relates an class defined in an ontology, to the type of it's denotator In OWL 2 add AnnotationPropertyRange('is denotator type' 'denotator type') Alan Ruttenberg is denotator type imported from For external terms/classes, the ontology from which the term was imported PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Melanie Courtot GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> imported from expand expression to ObjectProperty: RO_0002104 Label: has plasma membrane part Annotations: IAO_0000424 "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.org/obo/owl/GO#GO_0005886 and http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?Y)" A macro expansion tag applied to an object property (or possibly a data property) which can be used by a macro-expansion engine to generate more complex expressions from simpler ones Chris Mungall expand expression to expand assertion to ObjectProperty: RO??? Label: spatially disjoint from Annotations: expand_assertion_to "DisjointClasses: (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?X) (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?Y)" A macro expansion tag applied to an annotation property which can be expanded into a more detailed axiom. Chris Mungall expand assertion to first order logic expression PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg first order logic expression antisymmetric property part_of antisymmetric property xsd:true use boolean value xsd:true to indicate that the property is an antisymmetric property Alan Ruttenberg antisymmetric property OBO foundry unique label An alternative name for a class or property which is unique across the OBO Foundry. The intended usage of that property is as follow: OBO foundry unique labels are automatically generated based on regular expressions provided by each ontology, so that SO could specify unique label = 'sequence ' + [label], etc. , MA could specify 'mouse + [label]' etc. Upon importing terms, ontology developers can choose to use the 'OBO foundry unique label' for an imported term or not. The same applies to tools . PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Bjoern Peters PERSON:Chris Mungall PERSON:Melanie Courtot GROUP:OBO Foundry <http://obofoundry.org/> OBO foundry unique label Ontology: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/idrange/> Annotations: 'has ID prefix': "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_" 'has ID digit count' : 7, rdfs:label "RO id policy" 'has ID policy for': "RO" Relates an ontology used to record id policy to the number of digits in the URI. The URI is: the 'has ID prefix" annotation property value concatenated with an integer in the id range (left padded with "0"s to make this many digits) Person:Alan Ruttenberg has ID digit count Datatype: idrange:1 Annotations: 'has ID range allocated to': "Chris Mungall" EquivalentTo: xsd:integer[> 2151 , <= 2300] Relates a datatype that encodes a range of integers to the name of the person or organization who can use those ids constructed in that range to define new terms Person:Alan Ruttenberg has ID range allocated to Ontology: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/idrange/> Annotations: 'has ID prefix': "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_" 'has ID digit count' : 7, rdfs:label "RO id policy" 'has ID policy for': "RO" Relating an ontology used to record id policy to the ontology namespace whose policy it manages Person:Alan Ruttenberg has ID policy for Ontology: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/idrange/> Annotations: 'has ID prefix': "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_" 'has ID digit count' : 7, rdfs:label "RO id policy" 'has ID policy for': "RO" Relates an ontology used to record id policy to a prefix concatenated with an integer in the id range (left padded with "0"s to make this many digits) to construct an ID for a term being created. Person:Alan Ruttenberg has ID prefix elucidation person:Alan Ruttenberg Person:Barry Smith Primitive terms in a highest-level ontology such as BFO are terms which are so basic to our understanding of reality that there is no way of defining them in a non-circular fashion. For these, therefore, we can provide only elucidations, supplemented by examples and by axioms elucidation has associated axiom(nl) Person:Alan Ruttenberg Person:Alan Ruttenberg An axiom associated with a term expressed using natural language has associated axiom(nl) has associated axiom(fol) Person:Alan Ruttenberg Person:Alan Ruttenberg An axiom expressed in first order logic using CLIF syntax has associated axiom(fol) is allocated id range Add as annotation triples in the granting ontology Relates an ontology IRI to an (inclusive) range of IRIs in an OBO name space. The range is give as, e.g. "IAO_0020000-IAO_0020999" PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg is allocated id range has axiom id Person:Alan Ruttenberg Person:Alan Ruttenberg A URI that is intended to be unique label for an axiom used for tracking change to the ontology. For an axiom expressed in different languages, each expression is given the same URI has axiom label term replaced by Add as annotation triples in the granting ontology Use on obsolete terms, relating the term to another term that can be used as a substitute Person:Alan Ruttenberg Person:Alan Ruttenberg term replaced by If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then (1) R -> P o Q holds and (2) Q is either reflexive or locally reflexive. A corollary of this is that P SubPropertyOf R. is a defining property chain axiom where second argument is reflexive Notes on how similar or equivalent classes are represented in other ontologies. This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO UBPROP:0000012 uberon external_ontology_notes true external_ontology_notes external_ontology_notes Notes on how similar or equivalent classes are represented in other ontologies. Creator Creator Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, table of contents, reference to a graphical representation of content or a free-text account of the content. An account of the content of the resource. Description Description The present resource may be derived from the Source resource in whole or in part. Recommended best practice is to reference the resource by means of a string or number conforming to a formal identification system. A reference to a resource from which the present resource is derived. Source Source dwc_terms status database_cross_reference has_narrow_synonym has_obo_namespace has_related_synonym in_subset shorthand is part of my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity) this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood) a core relation that holds between a part and its whole Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'. part_of BFO:0000050 external plant_ontology part_of part_of part of part of part_of http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:part_of has part my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity) this year has part this day (occurrent parthood) a core relation that holds between a whole and its part Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'. has_part BFO:0000051 external plant_ontology has_part has_part has part has_part BFO:0000056 plant_ontology participates_in participates_in participates_in BFO:0000057 plant_ontology has_participant has_participant has_participant preceded by The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. An example is: translation preceded_by transcription; aging preceded_by development (not however death preceded_by aging). Where derives_from links classes of continuants, preceded_by links classes of processes. Clearly, however, these two relations are not independent of each other. Thus if cells of type C1 derive_from cells of type C, then any cell division involving an instance of C1 in a given lineage is preceded_by cellular processes involving an instance of C. The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. Note that an assertion to the effect that P preceded_by P1 is rather weak; it tells us little about the relations between the underlying instances in virtue of which the preceded_by relation obtains. Typically we will be interested in stronger relations, for example in the relation immediately_preceded_by, or in relations which combine preceded_by with a condition to the effect that the corresponding instances of P and P1 share participants, or that their participants are connected by relations of derivation, or (as a first step along the road to a treatment of causality) that the one process in some way affects (for example, initiates or regulates) the other. is preceded by preceded_by http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:preceded_by Laurel_Cooper 2013-07-09T14:29:15Z BFO:0000062 plant_ontology preceded_by preceded_by Note that an assertion to the effect that P preceded_by P1 is rather weak; it tells us little about the relations between the underlying instances in virtue of which the preceded_by relation obtains. Typically we will be interested in stronger relations, for example in the relation immediately_preceded_by, or in relations which combine preceded_by with a condition to the effect that the corresponding instances of P and P1 share participants, or that their participants are connected by relations of derivation, or (as a first step along the road to a treatment of causality) that the one process in some way affects (for example, initiates or regulates) the other. preceded by preceded_by The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. POC:Laurel_Cooper precedes x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. precedes This document is about information artifacts and their representations is_about is a (currently) primitive relation that relates an information artifact to an entity. 7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg. Following discussion with Jonathan Rees, and introduction of "mentions" relation. Weaken the is_about relationship to be primitive. We will try to build it back up by elaborating the various subproperties that are more precisely defined. Some currently missing phenomena that should be considered "about" are predications - "The only person who knows the answer is sitting beside me" , Allegory, Satire, and other literary forms that can be topical without explicitly mentioning the topic. person:Alan Ruttenberg Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy is about has_specified_input see is_input_of example_of_usage A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process that is not created during the process. The presence of the continuant during the process is explicitly specified in the plan specification which the process realizes the concretization of. 8/17/09: specified inputs of one process are not necessarily specified inputs of a larger process that it is part of. This is in contrast to how 'has participant' works. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Larry Hunter PERSON: Melanie Coutot has_specified_input is_specified_input_of some Autologous EBV(Epstein-Barr virus)-transformed B-LCL (B lymphocyte cell line) is_input_for instance of Chromum Release Assay described at https://wiki.cbil.upenn.edu/obiwiki/index.php/Chromium_Release_assay A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process that is not created during the process. The presence of the continuant during the process is explicitly specified in the plan specification which the process realizes the concretization of. Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Bjoern Peters is_specified_input_of has_specified_output A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process. The presence of the continuant at the end of the process is explicitly specified in the objective specification which the process realizes the concretization of. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Larry Hunter PERSON: Melanie Courtot has_specified_output is_specified_output_of A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process. The presence of the continuant at the end of the process is explicitly specified in the objective specification which the process realizes the concretization of. Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Bjoern Peters is_specified_output_of A relationship between two plant structures (PO:0009011) p and q such that p 'abscised' q indicates that plant structure q was formerly a part of p and that q was removed from p due to some GO:'abscission' (GO:0009838) process. abscised A relationship between two plant structures (PO:0009011) p and q such that q 'abscised from' p indicates that plant structure q was formerly a part of p and that q was removed from p due to some GO:'abscission' (GO:0009838) process. abscised from Relates an IAO:'measurement datum' (IAO:0000109) to a PATO:'quality' (PATO:0000001). This is similar to IAO:'is quality measurement of', but the IAO property uses BFO:'quality' for its range, and we use PATO:'quality'. quality measurement of Relates a PATO:'quality' (PATO:0000001) to an IAO:'measurement datum' (IAO:0000109). has quality measurement depends on structure has visible part visible part of A relationship between one 'measurement datum' (IAO:0000109) that is the output of a 'phenology observing process' (PPO:0007004) and another 'measurement datum'. generated from A relationship that indicates the object was 'part of' (BFO:0000050) the subject at some point in time, but might no longer be so. is or was part of inheres in this fragility inheres in this vase this red color inheres in this apple a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent) and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A dependent inheres in its bearer at all times for which the dependent exists. inheres_in inheres in bearer of this apple is bearer of this red color this vase is bearer of this fragility a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist. bearer_of is bearer of bearer of participates in this blood clot participates in this blood coagulation this input material (or this output material) participates in this process this investigator participates in this investigation a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process participates_in participates in has participant this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot this investigation has participant this investigator this process has participant this input material (or this output material) a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time. has_participant http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant has participant this red color is a quality of this apple a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A quality inheres in its bearer at all times for which the quality exists. is quality of quality_of quality of this apple has quality this red color a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist. has_quality has quality David Osumi-Sutherland X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X) ends after RO:0002202 plant_ontology develops_from develops_from develops_from Chris Mungall Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for relations between occurrents involving the relative timing of their starts and ends. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kBv1ep_9g3sTR-SD3jqzFqhuwo9TPNF-l-9fUDbO6rM/edit?pli=1 A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations. temporally related to inverse of starts with Chris Mungall Allen starts Every insulin receptor signaling pathway starts with the binding of a ligand to the insulin receptor x starts with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: α(y) = α(x) ∧ ω(y) < ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. Chris Mungall started by starts with q inheres in part of w if and only if there exists some p such that q inheres in p and p part of w. Because part_of is transitive, inheres in is a sub-relation of inheres in part of Chris Mungall inheres in part of true Chris Mungall depends on A relationship between a 'measurement datum' (IAO:0000109) and the inclusive lower endpoint of a non-negative integer range that contains the datum's value. lower count A relationship between a 'measurement datum' (IAO:0000109) and the inclusive upper endpoint of a non-negative integer range that contains the datum's value. upper count 0 100.0 A relationship between a 'measurement datum' (IAO:0000109) and the inclusive lower endpoint of a real number range within [0.0,100.0] that contains the datum's value. lower percent 0 100.0 A relationship between a 'measurement datum' (IAO:0000109) and the inclusive upper endpoint of a real number range within [0.0,100.0] that contains the datum's value. upper percent sighting A trip camera capture of an image of a jaguar is an observation, because it is "selected" by the camera as worthy of obsevation simply by virtue of moving in front of the camera. Observing and recording the presence or absence of butterflies during a transect walk. Seeing three pelicans flying overhead on Christmas day and report them as part of the Christmas Bird Count. A process in which a person or machine sees or detects a material entity and selects it as worthy of observation, and which has as output an information content entity about the selected material entity. This class replaces class bco_0000003, which was made obsolete because of identifier format. We are having conversation with OBI developers about how this term relates to OBI:assay (). Is it equivalent, broader, narrower? What does it mean to be the input to an observation. Biocode Commons Ontology Hackathon An observing process is distinguished from a specimen collecting process in by having an information content entity as an output rather than a specimen. The information artifact may be written or recorded or just be stored in someone's head (specifically depenedent upon that person). In the context of a taxonomic inventory, an observing process may be called a sighting, which is an ad hoc reporting of, typically, a single taxon occurrence, usually motivated by rarity, individual interest in the taxon, or atypicality of circumstances. observing process entity Entity entity Julius Caesar Verdi’s Requiem the Second World War your body mass index BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81 Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001]) entity Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf per discussion with Barry Smith An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001]) continuant Continuant continuant An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240 Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002]) if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002]) (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] continuant Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002]) if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002]) (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] occurrent Occurrent occurrent a surgical operation as processual context for a nosocomical infection the life of an organism the most interesting part of Van Gogh's life the spatiotemporal context occupied by a process of cellular meiosis the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. Sometimes also called perdurants. An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. BFO 2 Reference: every occurrent that is not a temporal or spatiotemporal region is s-dependent on some independent continuant that is not a spatial region BFO 2 Reference: s-dependence obtains between every process and its participants in the sense that, as a matter of necessity, this process could not have existed unless these or those participants existed also. A process may have a succession of participants at different phases of its unfolding. Thus there may be different players on the field at different times during the course of a football game; but the process which is the entire game s-depends_on all of these players nonetheless. Some temporal parts of this process will s-depend_on on only some of the players. Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process. Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame. perdurant An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002]) Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001]) b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001]) (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] occurrent Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process. per discussion with Barry Smith Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame. An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002]) Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001]) b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001]) (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] ic IndependentContinuant a chair a heart a leg a molecule a spatial region an atom an orchestra. an organism the bottom right portion of a human torso the interior of your mouth b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001]) For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002]) (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] independent continuant b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001]) For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002]) (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] st-region SpatiotemporalRegion the spatiotemporal region occupied by a human life the spatiotemporal region occupied by a process of cellular meiosis. the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001]) All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001]) Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001]) Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001]) Every spatiotemporal region occupies_spatiotemporal_region itself. Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002]) (forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] (forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] (forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] spatiotemporal region A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001]) All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001]) Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001]) Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001]) Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002]) (forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002] (forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001] (forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001] (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001] (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001] process Process process a process of cell-division, \ a beating of the heart a process of meiosis a process of sleeping the course of a disease the flight of a bird the life of an organism your process of aging. An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) BFO 2 Reference: The realm of occurrents is less pervasively marked by the presence of natural units than is the case in the realm of independent continuants. Thus there is here no counterpart of ‘object’. In BFO 1.0 ‘process’ served as such a counterpart. In BFO 2.0 ‘process’ is, rather, the occurrent counterpart of ‘material entity’. Those natural – as contrasted with engineered, which here means: deliberately executed – units which do exist in the realm of occurrents are typically either parasitic on the existence of natural units on the continuant side, or they are fiat in nature. Thus we can count lives; we can count football games; we can count chemical reactions performed in experiments or in chemical manufacturing. We cannot count the processes taking place, for instance, in an episode of insect mating behavior.Even where natural units are identifiable, for example cycles in a cyclical process such as the beating of a heart or an organism’s sleep/wake cycle, the processes in question form a sequence with no discontinuities (temporal gaps) of the sort that we find for instance where billiard balls or zebrafish or planets are separated by clear spatial gaps. Lives of organisms are process units, but they too unfold in a continuous series from other, prior processes such as fertilization, and they unfold in turn in continuous series of post-life processes such as post-mortem decay. Clear examples of boundaries of processes are almost always of the fiat sort (midnight, a time of death as declared in an operating theater or on a death certificate, the initiation of a state of war) (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] process p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same. specifically dependent continuant gdc GenericallyDependentContinuant The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity. the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule. A continuant that is dependent on one or other independent continuant bearers. For every instance of A requires some instance of (an independent continuant type) B but which instance of B serves can change from time to time. b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] generically dependent continuant b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] material MaterialEntity a flame a forest fire a human being a hurricane a photon a puff of smoke a sea wave a tornado an aggregate of human beings. an energy wave an epidemic the undetached arm of a human being BFO 2 Reference: Material entities (continuants) can preserve their identity even while gaining and losing material parts. Continuants are contrasted with occurrents, which unfold themselves in successive temporal parts or phases [60 BFO 2 Reference: Object, Fiat Object Part and Object Aggregate are not intended to be exhaustive of Material Entity. Users are invited to propose new subcategories of Material Entity. BFO 2 Reference: ‘Matter’ is intended to encompass both mass and energy (we will address the ontological treatment of portions of energy in a later version of BFO). A portion of matter is anything that includes elementary particles among its proper or improper parts: quarks and leptons, including electrons, as the smallest particles thus far discovered; baryons (including protons and neutrons) at a higher level of granularity; atoms and molecules at still higher levels, forming the cells, organs, organisms and other material entities studied by biologists, the portions of rock studied by geologists, the fossils studied by paleontologists, and so on.Material entities are three-dimensional entities (entities extended in three spatial dimensions), as contrasted with the processes in which they participate, which are four-dimensional entities (entities extended also along the dimension of time).According to the FMA, material entities may have immaterial entities as parts – including the entities identified below as sites; for example the interior (or ‘lumen’) of your small intestine is a part of your body. BFO 2.0 embodies a decision to follow the FMA here. A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002]) Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002]) every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002]) (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] material entity A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002]) Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002]) every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002]) (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] The production of new individuals that contain some portion of genetic material inherited from one or more parent organisms. GO:0019952 GO:0050876 Wikipedia:Reproduction reproductive physiological process biological_process GO:0000003 reproduction The production of new individuals that contain some portion of genetic material inherited from one or more parent organisms. GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete GOC:jl ISBN:0198506732 A developmental process in which a progressive change in the state of some part of an organism specifically contributes to its ability to form offspring. puberty biological_process reproductive developmental process GO:0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction A developmental process in which a progressive change in the state of some part of an organism specifically contributes to its ability to form offspring. GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete puberty GOC:dph reproductive developmental process GOC:dph GOC:tb The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). biological_process GO:0007275 Note that this term was 'developmental process'. multicellular organism development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). GOC:dph GOC:ems GOC:isa_complete GOC:tb A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700). GO:0016280 Wikipedia:Aging ageing biological_process GO:0007568 aging A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700). GOC:PO_curators Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. GO:0000004 GO:0007582 Wikipedia:Biological_process biological process physiological process biological_process GO:0008150 Note that, in addition to forming the root of the biological process ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose biological process is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the biological process of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this. biological_process Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electromagnetic radiation stimulus. Electromagnetic radiation is a propagating wave in space with electric and magnetic components. These components oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation. response to electromagnetic radiation stimulus response to radiation stimulus biological_process GO:0009314 Note that 'radiation' refers to electromagnetic radiation of any wavelength. response to radiation Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electromagnetic radiation stimulus. Electromagnetic radiation is a propagating wave in space with electric and magnetic components. These components oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation. GOC:jl Wikipedia:Electromagnetic_radiation Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light. biological_process GO:0009416 response to light stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light. GOC:go_curators ISBN:0582227089 Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus. response to abiotic stress biological_process GO:0009628 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. response to abiotic stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus. GOC:hb The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. See embryonic development. biological_process GO:0009791 post-embryonic development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. See embryonic development. GOC:go_curators The controlled shedding of a body part. Wikipedia:Abscission biological_process GO:0009838 abscission The controlled shedding of a body part. ISBN:0140514031 The physiological and developmental changes that occur in a seed commencing with water uptake (imbibition) and terminating with the elongation of the embryonic axis. Wikipedia:Germination#Seed_germination biological_process GO:0009845 seed germination The physiological and developmental changes that occur in a seed commencing with water uptake (imbibition) and terminating with the elongation of the embryonic axis. PMID:8281041 The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the flower over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The flower is the reproductive structure in a plant, and its development begins with the transition of the vegetative or inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem. GO:0048409 biological_process GO:0009908 flower development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the flower over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The flower is the reproductive structure in a plant, and its development begins with the transition of the vegetative or inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem. GOC:tb ISBN:0879015322 Protection mechanism used by plants under conditions of excess energy absorption as a consequence of the light reactions of photosynthesis. biological_process GO:0010117 photoprotection Protection mechanism used by plants under conditions of excess energy absorption as a consequence of the light reactions of photosynthesis. GOC:mg A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. biological_process GO:0022414 reproductive process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete A developmental process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken. Dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. multicellular organism dormancy process spore dormancy process biological_process GO:0022611 In plants and animals, dormancy may be a response to environmental conditions such as seasonality or extreme heat, drought, or cold. In plants, dormancy may involve the formation of dormant buds, and may be preceded by the senescence of plant parts such as leaves in woody plants or most of the shoot system in herbaceous perennials. The exit from dormancy in vascular plants is marked by resumed growth of buds and/or growth of vascular cambium. dormancy process spore dormancy process GOC:PO_curators A developmental process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken. Dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. GOC:PO_curators GOC:isa_complete PO_REF:00009 Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function. GO:0050874 organismal physiological process biological_process GO:0032501 multicellular organismal process Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function. GOC:curators GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete GOC:tb A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition. development biological_process GO:0032502 developmental process A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition. GOC:isa_complete A biological process that involves only one organism. janelomax 2012-09-19T15:05:24Z single organism process biological_process GO:0044699 single-organism process A biological process that involves only one organism. GOC:jl A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving a single organism. janelomax 2012-09-19T15:56:06Z biological_process GO:0044702 single organism reproductive process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving a single organism. GOC:jl A biological process occurring within a single, multicellular organism. janelomax 2012-09-19T16:07:47Z biological_process GO:0044707 single-multicellular organism process A biological process occurring within a single, multicellular organism. GOC:jl A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition, involving only one organism. janelomax 2012-12-19T12:21:31Z biological_process GO:0044767 single-organism developmental process A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition, involving only one organism. GOC:jl The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the shoot system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. GO:0022621 shoot development biological_process GO:0048367 shoot system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the shoot system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. GOC:go_curators The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the floral organ over time, from its formation to the mature structure. GO:0048433 biological_process GO:0048437 floral organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the floral organ over time, from its formation to the mature structure. GOC:PO_curators GOC:go_curators PO:0025395 The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of structures that will be used in the process of creating new individuals from one or more parents, from their formation to the mature structures. biological_process GO:0048608 reproductive structure development The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of structures that will be used in the process of creating new individuals from one or more parents, from their formation to the mature structures. GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete GOC:jid The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organismal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a given biological process. biological_process GO:0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organismal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a given biological process. GOC:dph GOC:jid The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. development of an anatomical structure biological_process GO:0048856 This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. anatomical structure development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. GOC:mtg_15jun06 GO_REF:0000021 Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. GO:0051869 physiological response to stimulus biological_process GO:0050896 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. GOC:ai GOC:bf The controlled shedding of a leaf. dph 2009-08-12T06:33:55Z biological_process GO:0060866 leaf abscission The controlled shedding of a leaf. GOC:dph GOC:sdb_2009 GOC:tb The progression of the reproductive system over time from its formation to the mature structure. The reproductive system consists of the organs that function in reproduction. dph 2012-08-22T17:47:53Z biological_process GO:0061458 reproductive system development The progression of the reproductive system over time from its formation to the mature structure. The reproductive system consists of the organs that function in reproduction. GOC:dph An organ senescence that has as a participant a floral organ. donghui 2012-03-09T04:08:50Z biological_process GO:0080187 Includes senescence of petals, sepals, anthers, and any other plant organ that is part of a flower. Floral organ senescence may follow pollination. In some flowers, the organs of the corolla abscise before they senesce. floral organ senescence An organ senescence that has as a participant a floral organ. PMID:21689171 PO:0025395 The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the seedling over time, beginning with seed germination and ending when the first adult leaves emerge. tanyaberardini 2010-06-10T03:33:10Z PO:0008037 biological_process GO:0090351 seedling development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the seedling over time, beginning with seed germination and ending when the first adult leaves emerge. GOC:tb PO:0007131 The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a reproductive shoot system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. tanyaberardini 2014-04-25T15:42:03Z biological_process GO:0090567 reproductive shoot system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a reproductive shoot system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. GOC:pj The process that occurs in a plant organ near the end of its active life that is associated with the dismantling of cell components and membranes, and an overall decline in metabolism. tanyaberardini 2016-08-24T10:50:29Z biological_process GO:0090693 plant organ senescence The process that occurs in a plant organ near the end of its active life that is associated with the dismantling of cell components and membranes, and an overall decline in metabolism. GOC:tb A dormancy process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken in a bud. Bud dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. It may be a response to environmental conditions such as seasonality or extreme heat, drought, or cold. The exit from bud dormancy is marked by the resumed growth of the bud. paola 2012-01-04T01:18:24Z biological_process bud dormancy GO:0097207 Bud dormancy may precede dormancy of the whole plant. bud dormancy process A dormancy process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken in a bud. Bud dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. It may be a response to environmental conditions such as seasonality or extreme heat, drought, or cold. The exit from bud dormancy is marked by the resumed growth of the bud. GOC:PO_curators PO_REF:00009 The dormancy process that results in entry into dormancy. Dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. paola 2012-12-05T14:55:49Z induction of dormancy biological_process GO:0097436 entry into dormancy The dormancy process that results in entry into dormancy. Dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. GOC:PO_curators PO_REF:00009 The dormancy process that results in exit from dormancy. Dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. paola 2012-12-05T15:01:24Z release from dormancy biological_process GO:0097438 exit from dormancy The dormancy process that results in exit from dormancy. Dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. GOC:PO_curators PO_REF:00009 Development of a plant organ, a multi-tissue plant structure that forms a functional unit. development of a plant organ biological_process GO:0099402 plant organ development Development of a plant organ, a multi-tissue plant structure that forms a functional unit. GOC:dos data item Data items include counts of things, analyte concentrations, and statistical summaries. a data item is an information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements. 2/2/2009 Alan and Bjoern discussing FACS run output data. This is a data item because it is about the cell population. Each element records an event and is typically further composed a set of measurment data items that record the fluorescent intensity stimulated by one of the lasers. 2009-03-16: data item deliberatly ambiguous: we merged data set and datum to be one entity, not knowing how to define singular versus plural. So data item is more general than datum. 2009-03-16: removed datum as alternative term as datum specifically refers to singular form, and is thus not an exact synonym. 2014-03-31: See discussion at http://odontomachus.wordpress.com/2014/03/30/aboutness-objects-propositions/ JAR: datum -- well, this will be very tricky to define, but maybe some information-like stuff that might be put into a computer and that is meant, by someone, to denote and/or to be interpreted by some process... I would include lists, tables, sentences... I think I might defer to Barry, or to Brian Cantwell Smith JAR: A data item is an approximately justified approximately true approximate belief PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Chris Stoeckert PERSON: Jonathan Rees data data item information content entity Examples of information content entites include journal articles, data, graphical layouts, and graphs. A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing. 2014-03-10: The use of "thing" is intended to be general enough to include universals and configurations (see https://groups.google.com/d/msg/information-ontology/GBxvYZCk1oc/-L6B5fSBBTQJ). information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some digital_entity in obi before split (040907). information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some physical_document in obi before split (040907). Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity that 'is encoded in' some digital or physical entity. PERSON: Chris Stoeckert OBI_0000142 information content entity curation status specification The curation status of the term. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value. Better to represent curation as a process with parts and then relate labels to that process (in IAO meeting) PERSON:Bill Bug GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> OBI_0000266 curation status specification data about an ontology part is a data item about a part of an ontology, for example a term Person:Alan Ruttenberg data about an ontology part measurement datum Examples of measurement data are the recoding of the weight of a mouse as {40,mass,"grams"}, the recording of an observation of the behavior of the mouse {,process,"agitated"}, the recording of the expression level of a gene as measured through the process of microarray experiment {3.4,luminosity,}. A measurement datum is an information content entity that is a recording of the output of a measurement such as produced by a device. 2/2/2009 is_specified_output of some assay? person:Chris Stoeckert OBI_0000305 group:OBI measurement datum obsolescence reason specification The reason for which a term has been deprecated. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value. The creation of this class has been inspired in part by Werner Ceusters' paper, Applying evolutionary terminology auditing to the Gene Ontology. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Melanie Courtot obsolescence reason specification The Basic Formal Ontology ontology makes a distinction between Universals and defined classes, where the formal are "natural kinds" and the latter arbitrary collections of entities. A denotator type indicates how a term should be interpreted from an ontological perspective. Alan Ruttenberg Barry Smith, Werner Ceusters denotator type planned process Injecting mice with a vaccine in order to test its efficacy A processual entity that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification. 'Plan' includes a future direction sense. That can be problematic if plans are changed during their execution. There are however implicit contingencies for protocols that an agent has in his mind that can be considered part of the plan, even if the agent didn't have them in mind before. Therefore, a planned process can diverge from what the agent would have said the plan was before executing it, by adjusting to problems encountered during execution (e.g. choosing another reagent with equivalent properties, if the originally planned one has run out.) We are only considering successfully completed planned processes. A plan may be modified, and details added during execution. For a given planned process, the associated realized plan specification is the one encompassing all changes made during execution. This means that all processes in which an agent acts towards achieving some objectives is a planned process. Bjoern Peters branch derived 6/11/9: Edited at workshop. Used to include: is initiated by an agent This class merges the previously separated objective driven process and planned process, as they the separation proved hard to maintain. (1/22/09, branch call) planned process A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities PATO:0000072 trait quality PATO:0000001 quality A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities PATOC:GVG A plant structure (PO:0005679) which is a whole organism. genet (broad) ramet (broad) PO_GIT:538 PO_GIT:69 planta entera (Spanish, exact) 植物体全体 (Japanese, exact) bush (narrow) frutex (narrow) frutices (narrow) gametophyte (narrow) herb (narrow) liana (narrow) prothalli (narrow) prothallium (narrow) prothallus (narrow) seedling (narrow) shrub (narrow) sporophyte (narrow) suffrutex (narrow) suffrutices (narrow) tree (narrow) vine (narrow) woody clump (narrow) plant_anatomy clonal colony (related) colony (related) PO:0000003 Examples include plant embryo (PO:0009009), megagametophyte (PO:0025279) and microgametophyte (PO:0025280). whole plant A plant structure (PO:0005679) which is a whole organism. POC:curators planta entera (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物体全体 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki frutex (narrow) FNA:e4dde193-57f7-4ab9-9d25-96b4ca0088ba frutices (narrow) FNA:ec8c2064-2a67-43d7-8e14-aecfef5cf33b prothalli (narrow) FNA:4b610104-1bb0-4c6b-9bb9-e3cc61d11ac0 prothallus (narrow) FNA:f8f31520-e4bc-4430-9274-8dd3cee7ffd8 suffrutex (narrow) FNA:99508f62-7116-4e2b-90c0-19ff55ebd967 suffrutices (narrow) FNA:ba1b1bd5-75bd-4195-b11c-3aba08da08c2 woody clump (narrow) FNA:c1ccca7d-2a98-4a9d-8603-c34b551935e0 A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a cotyledon anlagen (PO:0025432) and is part of a vegetative shoot apex (PO:0025223) and is committed to the development of a cotyledon (PO:0020030). PO_GIT:466 cotyledon primordia (exact, plural) portion of cotyledon primordium tissue (exact) primordio de cotiled&#243n (Spanish, exact) 子葉原基（可視的）(Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0000015 cotyledon primordium A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a cotyledon anlagen (PO:0025432) and is part of a vegetative shoot apex (PO:0025223) and is committed to the development of a cotyledon (PO:0020030). POC:curators primordio de cotiled&#243n (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 子葉原基（可視的）(Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a vascular leaf anlagen (PO:0025431) and is part of a vegetative shoot apex (PO:0025223) and is committed to the development of a vascular leaf (PO:0009025). PO_GIT:466 leaf primordium (exact) portion of vascular leaf primordium tissue (exact) primordio de hoja (Spanish, exact) vascular leaf primordia (exact, plural) 葉原基 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0000017 vascular leaf primordium A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a vascular leaf anlagen (PO:0025431) and is part of a vegetative shoot apex (PO:0025223) and is committed to the development of a vascular leaf (PO:0009025). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators primordio de hoja (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 葉原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an ovule (PO:0020003). PO_GIT:465 portion of ovule primordium tissue (exact) primordio de &#243vulo (Spanish, exact) 胚珠原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0000018 The transition from ovule primordium to ovule occurs when an integument (PO:0020021) begins to develop from the protoderm (PO:0006210). ovule primordium A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an ovule (PO:0020003). ISBN:0471245208 POC:curators primordio de &#243vulo (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 胚珠原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of a gynoecium (PO:0009062). PO_GIT:465 pistil primordium (exact) portion of gynoecium primordium tissue (exact) primordio de gineceo (Spanish, exact) 雌蕊原基(可視的） (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0000019 Use carpel primordium (PO:0004703) for the primordium (PO:0025127) of an individual carpel (PO:0009030). gynoecium primordium A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of a gynoecium (PO:0009062). POC:curators primordio de gineceo (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 雌蕊原基(可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A shoot axis (PO:0025029) that is the most distal part of a shoot system (PO:0009006) and has as parts a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) and the youngest primordia (PO:0025127). PO_GIT:234 &#225pice del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) シュート頂、茎頂 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0000037 shoot apex A shoot axis (PO:0025029) that is the most distal part of a shoot system (PO:0009006) and has as parts a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) and the youngest primordia (PO:0025127). POC:curators &#225pice del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo シュート頂、茎頂 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki An undeveloped shoot system (PO:0009006). PO_GIT:124 yema (Spanish, exact) 芽 (Japanese, exact) adventitious bud (narrow) plant_anatomy PO:0000055 bud An undeveloped shoot system (PO:0009006). POC:curators yema (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 芽 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki adventitious bud (narrow) FNA:0eed275a-5dae-414a-bf36-81a08e6c6ba9 A bud that develops into a flower. PO_GIT:124 floral bud (exact) yema floral (Spanish, exact) 花芽 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0000056 flower bud A bud that develops into a flower. POC:curators yema floral (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花芽 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A bud that develops into an inflorescence. PO_GIT:124 PO_GIT:259 yema de inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) 花序芽 (Japanese, exact) male bud (narrow) plant_anatomy PO:0000057 inflorescence bud A bud that develops into an inflorescence. POC:curators yema de inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花序芽 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki male bud (narrow) CO_125:0000049 A bud (PO:0000055) that develops into a vegetative shoot system (PO:0025607). PO_GIT:124 PO_GIT:463 yema vegetativa (Spanish, exact) 枝芽 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0000058 vegetative bud A bud (PO:0000055) that develops into a vegetative shoot system (PO:0025607). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators yema vegetativa (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 枝芽 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) which is the organogenic region of the meristem, characterized by higher rates of cell division. zona perif&#233rica (Spanish, exact) 周辺帯 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy peripheral meristem (related) PO:0000225 peripheral zone A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) which is the organogenic region of the meristem, characterized by higher rates of cell division. ISBN:0521288959 TAIR:Leonore_Reiser zona perif&#233rica (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 周辺帯 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A portion of reproductive shoot apical meristem tissue (PO:0008028) that gives rise to the floral organs (PO:0025395). PO:0006329 PO:0006373 PO:0006374 PO:0025091 floral meristem (exact) mersitema floral (Spanish, exact) 花芽分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) Poaceae floret meristem (narrow) ear floret meristem (narrow) floret meristem (narrow) tassel floret meristem (narrow) plant_anatomy floral apical meristem (related) PO:0000229 In Zea mays and other grasses, the floret meristem is part of a spikelet and develops into a specific type of floret. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the spikelet type that the meristem is part of. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet (PO:0009051), ear spikelet (PO:0006320), ear pedicellate spikelet (PO:0006348), ear sessile spikelet (PO:0006349), tassel spikelet (PO:0006309), tassel pedicellate spikelet (PO:0006312), tassel sessile spikelet (PO:0006311). flower meristem A portion of reproductive shoot apical meristem tissue (PO:0008028) that gives rise to the floral organs (PO:0025395). GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal POC:curators mersitema floral (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花芽分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A multi-tissue plant structure development stage (PO:0025571) that has as primary participant a single fruit (PO:0009001). PO_GIT:501 plant_structure_development_stage stage 17 flower in Arabidopsis (related) stage 18 flower in Arabidopsis (related) stage 19 flower in Arabidopsis (related) stage 20 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PO:0001002 Defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features of a fruit. Includes as subclasses fruit formation stage (PO:0025501) and fruit ripening stage (PO:0025502). May have as part a seed development stage (PO:0001170). This stage applies to an individual fruit. For development stages of a whole plant (PO:0000003) based on fruit development, use whole plant fruit development stage (PO:0025500) or its subclasses. fruit development stage A multi-tissue plant structure development stage (PO:0025571) that has as primary participant a single fruit (PO:0009001). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators stage 17 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 stage 18 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 stage 19 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 stage 20 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 A phyllome development stage (PO:0025579) during which the development of vascular leaves (PO:0009025) and non-vascular leaves (PO:0025075) occurs. PO:0007040 PO_GIT:555 plant_structure_development_stage leaf development (related) leaf development in Arabidopsis (related) PO:0001050 leaf development stage A phyllome development stage (PO:0025579) during which the development of vascular leaves (PO:0009025) and non-vascular leaves (PO:0025075) occurs. POC:Brian_Atkinson POC:curators TAIR:Tanya_Berardini leaf development (related) GRO:0007138 A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) which begins with the onset of the vascular leaf anlagen formation stage (PO:0001003) and ends with the termination of the vascular leaf primordium polarity determination stage (PO:0001052). PO_GIT:556 plant_structure_development_stage leaf initiation in Arabidopsis (related) PO:0001051 Localized cell divisions in the peripheral zone (PO:0000225) transition from anticlinal to periclinal divisions. vascular leaf initiation stage A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) which begins with the onset of the vascular leaf anlagen formation stage (PO:0001003) and ends with the termination of the vascular leaf primordium polarity determination stage (PO:0001052). PMID:9254931 POC:Brian_Atkinson POC:Laurel_Cooper A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) during which vascular leaf size increases primarily through cell expansion. PO_GIT:557 plant_structure_development_stage leaf expansion stage in Arabidopsis (related) PO:0001052 During this stage leaf shaping (GO:0010358) occurs which is defined as the developmental process that pertains to the organization of a leaf in three-dimensional space once the structure has initially formed. vascular leaf expansion stage A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) during which vascular leaf size increases primarily through cell expansion. POC:Brian_Atkinson POC:Laurel_Cooper TAIR:Katica_Ilic A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) that begins when the vascular leaf (PO:0009025) is fully expanded and ends with the onset of the vascular leaf senescence stage (PO:0001054). PO_GIT:558 plant_structure_development_stage fully expanded leaf stage in Arabidopsis (related) leaf stage PX (related) PO:0001053 vascular leaf post-expansion stage A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) that begins when the vascular leaf (PO:0009025) is fully expanded and ends with the onset of the vascular leaf senescence stage (PO:0001054). POC:Brian_Atkinson TAIR:Katica_Ilic leaf stage PX (related) GRO:0007167 A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) that begins with the formation of a abscission zone at the base of a vascular leaf (PO:0009025) and ends with leaf separation and death. PO_GIT:559 plant_structure_development_stage leaf senescence stage in Arabidopsis (related) PO:0001054 vascular leaf senescent stage A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) that begins with the formation of a abscission zone at the base of a vascular leaf (PO:0009025) and ends with leaf separation and death. POC:Brian_Atkinson POC:Laurel_Cooper TAIR:Tanya_Berardini A reproductive shoot system development stage (PO:0025530) that has as primary participant a inflorescence (PO:0009049). PO_GIT:517 plant_structure_development_stage panicle development (related) PO:0001083 inflorescence development stage A reproductive shoot system development stage (PO:0025530) that has as primary participant a inflorescence (PO:0009049). POC:Laurel_Cooper panicle development (related) GRO:0007157 A sporophyte development stage (PO:0007134) that occurs during the interval between fertilization and the first cell division of the plant zygote (PO:0000423). zygote stage (broad) PO_GIT:399 plant_structure_development_stage embryo stage EM1 (related) one cell stage (related) zygote in Arabidopsis (related) PO:0001097 Precedes the sporophyte vegetative stage (PO:0007134). Refers to the GO biological process term fertilization (GO:0009566). plant zygote stage A sporophyte development stage (PO:0007134) that occurs during the interval between fertilization and the first cell division of the plant zygote (PO:0000423). POC:curators embryo stage EM1 (related) GRO:0007168 A multi-tissue plant structure development stage (PO:0025571) that has as primary participant a seed (PO:0009010). PO_GIT:568 plant_structure_development_stage seed development in Arabidopsis (related) PO:0001170 Includes the stages of seed development, from fertilization to the dry or quiescent state. May have as part an embryo development stage. seed development stage A multi-tissue plant structure development stage (PO:0025571) that has as primary participant a seed (PO:0009010). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:Ramona_Walls TAIR:Katica_Ilic A native plant cell (PO:0025606) synthesizing protoplasm and producing new cells by division and with only a primary cell wall. CL:0000034 PO_GIT:272 c&#233lula meristem&#225tica (Spanish, exact) stem cell (exact) 分裂組織細胞 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0004010 meristematic cell A native plant cell (PO:0025606) synthesizing protoplasm and producing new cells by division and with only a primary cell wall. ISBN:0471245208 POC:Laurel_Cooper c&#233lula meristem&#225tica (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 分裂組織細胞 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki The earliest stage of seed development immediately following double fertilization. PO_GIT:568 plant_structure_development_stage PO:0004505 fertilized ovule stage The earliest stage of seed development immediately following double fertilization. TAIR:Katica_Ilic Stage of seed development characterized by seed growth and differentiation. PO_GIT:568 plant_structure_development_stage PO:0004506 developing seed stage Stage of seed development characterized by seed growth and differentiation. TAIR:Katica_Ilic A shoot system that is initiated from a shoot. sucker (broad) turion (broad) sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) que nace en el epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) シュート由来苗条系 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy branch (related) PO:0004545 shoot-borne shoot system A shoot system that is initiated from a shoot. POC:curators turion (broad) FNA:da7c2bd5-34b4-42aa-a036-7b5f71f66d36 sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) que nace en el epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo シュート由来苗条系 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a stamen anlagen (PO:0025486) and is committed to the development of a stamen (PO:0009029). PO_GIT:465 PO_GIT:466 portion of stamen primordium tissue (exact) primordio de estambre (Spanish, exact) stamen primordia (exact, plural) 雄蕊原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0004705 stamen primordium A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a stamen anlagen (PO:0025486) and is committed to the development of a stamen (PO:0009029). POC:curators primordio de estambre (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 雄蕊原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A strobilus (PO:0025083) that bears only pollen (PO:0025281). meiera 2015-09-22T10:51:43Z PO_GIT:168 PO_GIT:601 plant_anatomy male cone (related) microstrobili (related) microstrobilus (related) pollen cone (related) PO:0005031 microsporangiate strobilus A strobilus (PO:0025083) that bears only pollen (PO:0025281). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:austin_meier male cone (related) FNA:b2779296-b5a3-41ac-97a3-f53448d492d7 microstrobili (related) microstrobilus (related) FNA:ebda7bb0-bb12-4160-bbc6-a5edc4fb316c A strobilus (PO:0025083) that bears only plant ovules (PO:0020003). meiera 2015-09-22T10:51:48Z PO_GIT:168 PO_GIT:601 plant_anatomy female cone (related) hop cone (related) macrostrobili (related) macrostrobilus (related) megastrobili (related) megastrobilus (related) ovulate cone (related) PO:0005032 megasporangiate strobilus A strobilus (PO:0025083) that bears only plant ovules (PO:0020003). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:austin_meier female cone (related) FNA:c98ce1b1-9cda-4790-9149-799e9795b621 macrostrobili (related) FNA:ff4b92f1-d0aa-4d75-89ba-934aa07fba2d macrostrobilus (related) FNA:ed33e80e-12e2-41a3-8a0d-655a842189a6 megastrobili (related) FNA:a116a573-2ca8-4bda-b3e7-d0d89e6e2107 megastrobilus (related) FNA:a116a573-2ca8-4bda-b3e7-d0d89e6e2107 A lateral plant organ (PO:0009008) produced by a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148). filoma (Spanish, exact) フィロム、葉(的）器官 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0006001 phyllome A lateral plant organ (PO:0009008) produced by a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148). POC:curators filoma (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo フィロム、葉(的）器官 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is part of a shoot system (PO:0009006). PO_GIT:472 PO_GIT:583 meristema del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) シュート分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0006079 shoot system meristem A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is part of a shoot system (PO:0009006). GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal POC:Laurel_Cooper meristema del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo シュート分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an anther (PO:0009066). PO_GIT:465 portion of anther primordium tissue (exact) primordio de la antera (Spanish, exact) 葯原基(可視的） (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0006089 anther primordium A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an anther (PO:0009066). POC:curators primordio de la antera (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 葯原基(可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is the outer layer of an apical meristem (PO:0020144), or the outer layer of a plant embryo proper (PO:0000001), and gives rise to a portion of epidermis (PO:0005679). PO_GIT:125 portion of protoderm tissue (exact) protodermis (Spanish, exact) 前表皮、原表皮 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy dermatogen cell (related) PO:0006210 A protoderm may or may not arise from independent initial cells (PO:0004011). Some researchers also refer to it as an epidermis in a meristematic state. protoderm A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is the outer layer of an apical meristem (PO:0020144), or the outer layer of a plant embryo proper (PO:0000001), and gives rise to a portion of epidermis (PO:0005679). ISBN:047124529 POC:Laurel_Cooper protodermis (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 前表皮、原表皮 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A sporophyte reproductive stage (PO:0007130) during which a flower (PO:0009046) on a whole plant (PO:0000003) is open. OBO-SF2_PO:499 plant_structure_development_stage 07-anthesis in barley (related) 07-anthesis in oat (related) 07-anthesis in wheat (related) 09-flowering in sorghum (related) 4 flowering in Solanaceae (related) 5 flowering in maize (related) 5.01-anthesis in maize (related) 5.02-silking in maize (related) 5.1 anthesis in maize (related) 5.2 silking in maize (related) 6 Flowering in soybean (related) 6.1-flowering stage in rice (related) BBCH principal growth stage 6 (related) R1 in maize (related) VT in maize (related) anthesis in maize (related) anthesis stage (related) flowering in maize (related) pollen shed in maize (related) rice growth stage-6.1 (related) silk emergence in maize (related) sorghum growth stage 8 (related) PO:0007016 This term is to be used for a stage of development of a whole plant. For the stages of development of an individual flower, see flower development stage (PO:0007615). whole plant flowering stage A sporophyte reproductive stage (PO:0007130) during which a flower (PO:0009046) on a whole plant (PO:0000003) is open. POC:curators 07-anthesis in barley (related) GRO:0007101 07-anthesis in oat (related) GRO:0007101 07-anthesis in wheat (related) GRO:0007101 09-flowering in sorghum (related) GRO:0007153 4 flowering in Solanaceae (related) SGN:0000034 5 flowering in maize (related) MaizeGDB:13811 5.01-anthesis in maize (related) GRO:0007021 5.02-silking in maize (related) GRO:0007022 5.1 anthesis in maize (related) MaizeGDB:67361 5.2 silking in maize (related) MaizeGDB:67362 6 Flowering in soybean (related) SOY:0000006 6.1-flowering stage in rice (related) GRO:0007151 BBCH principal growth stage 6 (related) ISBN:3826331524 R1 in maize (related) MaizeGDB:67362 VT in maize (related) MaizeGDB:67361 anthesis in maize (related) MaizeGDB:67361 anthesis stage (related) GRO:0007151 flowering in maize (related) MaizeGDB:13811 pollen shed in maize (related) MaizeGDB:67361 rice growth stage-6.1 (related) GRO:0007151 silk emergence in maize (related) MaizeGDB:67362 sorghum growth stage 8 (related) GRO:0007153 A plant structure development stage (PO:0009012) that has as primary participant a whole plant (PO:0000003). OBO-SF2PO:390 plant_structure_development_stage Solanaceae whole plant growth stages (related) cereal plant ontology (related) maize growth stage (related) plant growth stage ontology (related) plant growth stages in Arabidopsis (related) rice growth stage (related) sorghum growth stage (related) wheat, barley and oat growth stage (related) PO:0007033 whole plant development stage A plant structure development stage (PO:0009012) that has as primary participant a whole plant (PO:0000003). POC:curators Solanaceae whole plant growth stages (related) SGN:0000001 cereal plant ontology (related) GRO:0080001 maize growth stage (related) GRO:0007002 plant growth stage ontology (related) GRO:0007199 plant growth stages in Arabidopsis (related) TAIR:0000021 rice growth stage (related) GRO:0007040 sorghum growth stage (related) GRO:0007124 wheat, barley and oat growth stage (related) GRO:0007156 A sporophyte vegetative stage (PO:0007134) which begins with the onset of a seed imbibition stage (PO:0007022) and ends with a radicle emergence stage (PO: 0007015), or a coleorhiza emergence stage (PO:0025475), as a result of the growth by the plant embryo (PO:0004537) in a seed (PO:0009010). GO:0009845 PO_GIT:595 plant_structure_development_stage 0 Germination in soybean (related) 0 germination in Solanaceae (related) 0 germination in maize (related) 00-germination in maize (related) 01-germination in Triticeae (related) 01-germination in barley (related) 01-germination in oat (related) 01-germination in rice (related) 01-germination in wheat (related) BBCH principal growth stage 0 (related) germination in Arabidopsis (related) maize growth stage-0 (related) rice growth stage-1 (related) PO:0007057 seed germination stage A sporophyte vegetative stage (PO:0007134) which begins with the onset of a seed imbibition stage (PO:0007022) and ends with a radicle emergence stage (PO: 0007015), or a coleorhiza emergence stage (PO:0025475), as a result of the growth by the plant embryo (PO:0004537) in a seed (PO:0009010). GR:Anuradha_Pujar ISBN:9780471245209 POC:Laurel_Cooper 0 Germination in soybean (related) SOY:0000001 0 germination in Solanaceae (related) SGN:0000003 0 germination in maize (related) MaizeGDB:64055 00-germination in maize (related) GRO:0007003 01-germination in Triticeae (related) GRO:0007051 01-germination in barley (related) GRO:0007051 01-germination in oat (related) GRO:0007051 01-germination in rice (related) GRO:0007043 01-germination in wheat (related) GRO:0007051 BBCH principal growth stage 0 (related) PO_REF:00013 germination in Arabidopsis (related) TAIR:0000393 maize growth stage-0 (related) GRO:0007003 rice growth stage-1 (related) GRO:0007043 A sporophyte development stage that occurs during the interval between the initiation of a sporangium and the onset of senescence. OBO-SF2_PO:396 PO_GIT:396 sporophyte reproductively competent stage (exact) sporophytic reproductive stage (exact) plant_structure_development_stage B reproductive growth in Solanaceae (related) B-reproductive stage in rice (related) reproductive in Arabidopsis (related) PO:0007130 A whole plant may continue developmental vegetative growth (GO:0080186) after it has entered the reproductive stage, and it may revert to a stage in which it is no longer producing sporangia, but once it has initiated a single sporangium, it remains in the reproductive stage until senescence or death by some other cause. sporophyte reproductive stage A sporophyte development stage that occurs during the interval between the initiation of a sporangium and the onset of senescence. POC:curators B reproductive growth in Solanaceae (related) SGN:0000032 B-reproductive stage in rice (related) GRO:0007140 reproductive in Arabidopsis (related) TAIR:0000306 A sporophyte development stage (PO:0028002) that occurs during the interval between the first division of a plant zygote (PO:0000423) and the formation of a sporangium (PO:0025094). OBO-SF2_PO:395 plant_structure_development_stage A vegetative growth in Solanaceae (related) A-vegetative stage in rice (related) vegetative in Arabidopsis (related) PO:0007134 Succeeds a plant zygote stage (PO:0001097). A sporophyte may begin to senesce or die from other causes before producing sporangia. Developmental vegetative growth (GO:0080186) can also occur during the reproductive stage. sporophyte vegetative stage A sporophyte development stage (PO:0028002) that occurs during the interval between the first division of a plant zygote (PO:0000423) and the formation of a sporangium (PO:0025094). POC:curators A vegetative growth in Solanaceae (related) SGN:0000002 A-vegetative stage in rice (related) GRO:0007139 vegetative in Arabidopsis (related) TAIR:0000305 A reproductive shoot system development stage (PO:0025530) that occurs in an individual flower (PO:000904) during the interval between the onset of a flower meristem transition stage (PO:0025588) and the end of a flowering stage (PO:0007616). PO_GIT:500 PO_GIT:597 plant_structure_development_stage flower development in Arabidopsis (related) PO:0007615 This term and its sub-classes apply to an individual flower (PO:000904). During this stage, a flower undergoes the process of flower development (GO:0009908), defined as the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the flower over time, from its formation to the mature structure. For the development stage of a whole plant (PO:0000003), use whole plant flowering stage (PO:0007016). flower development stage A reproductive shoot system development stage (PO:0025530) that occurs in an individual flower (PO:000904) during the interval between the onset of a flower meristem transition stage (PO:0025588) and the end of a flowering stage (PO:0007616). POC:curators flower development in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 A flower development stage (PO:0007615) that begins when pollen (PO:0025281) is released by anther dehiscence (GO:0009901) and/or the stigma (PO:0009073) is receptive and ends with the process of pollination (GO:0009856) and/or floral organ senescence (GO:0080187). PO:0007617 PO_GIT:551 anthesis stage (narrow) post anthesis stage (narrow) plant_structure_development_stage stage 13 flower in Arabidopsis (related) stage 14 flower in Arabidopsis (related) stage 15 flower in Arabidopsis (related) stage 16 flower in Arabidopsis (related) stage 17 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PO:0007616 In most species, flowering stage (anthesis) is when the flower is open and ends with pollination. During this stage, the process of anther dehiscence (GO:0009901) usually occurs, defined as the dehiscence of an anther to release the pollen grains contained within it. This term applies to an individual flower (PO:000904). flowering stage A flower development stage (PO:0007615) that begins when pollen (PO:0025281) is released by anther dehiscence (GO:0009901) and/or the stigma (PO:0009073) is receptive and ends with the process of pollination (GO:0009856) and/or floral organ senescence (GO:0080187). PMID:2152125 POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators stage 13 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 stage 14 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 stage 15 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 stage 16 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 stage 17 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 Stage during which the seed storage products (storage proteins, lipids and starch) are being accumulated, either in the cotyledons or in the endosperm. Also, LEA proteins are accumulated and subsequently, a desiccation tolerant state is reached at the end of this stage. PO_GIT:568 plant_structure_development_stage embryo stage EM10 (related) seed maturation in Arabidopsis (related) PO:0007632 seed maturation stage Stage during which the seed storage products (storage proteins, lipids and starch) are being accumulated, either in the cotyledons or in the endosperm. Also, LEA proteins are accumulated and subsequently, a desiccation tolerant state is reached at the end of this stage. TAIR:Katica_Ilic embryo stage EM10 (related) GRO:0007177 Stages of development of the endosperm. PO_GIT:568 plant_structure_development_stage PO:0007633 endosperm development stage Stages of development of the endosperm. TAIR:Katica_Ilic A shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) that gives rise to the apical growth of vegetative tissues and organs. PO_GIT:36 meristema vegetativo apical del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) 栄養シュート頂端分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy vegetative meristem (related) PO:0008016 vegetative shoot apical meristem A shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) that gives rise to the apical growth of vegetative tissues and organs. GR:Chih-Wei_Tung meristema vegetativo apical del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 栄養シュート頂端分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) that gives rise to the apical growth of reproductive tissues and organs. PO_GIT:36 meristema apical reproductivo del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) 生殖シュート頂端 分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0008028 reproductive shoot apical meristem A shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) that gives rise to the apical growth of reproductive tissues and organs. GR:Chih-Wei_Tung meristema apical reproductivo del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 生殖シュート頂端 分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that develops from a gynoecium (PO:0009062), or a single carpel (PO:0009030), and at maturity may have as parts one or more seeds (PO:0009010). PO:0020067 PO:0020068 PO:0020069 PO:0020070 PO:0020071 PO:0020072 PO:0020073 PO:0020074 PO:0020076 PO:0020077 PO:0020078 PO:0020079 PO:0020080 PO:0020082 PO:0020083 PO:0020087 PO:0020107 aggregate fruit (broad) compound fruit (broad) dehiscent fruit (broad) diaspore (broad) indehiscent fruit (broad) multiple fruit (broad) propagule (broad) PO_GIT:76 frucht (exact, German) fruto (exact, Spanish) 果実 (exact, Japanese) coenocarp (narrow) syncarp (narrow) plant_anatomy PO:0009001 A fruit (PO:0009001) may contain additional plant structures (PO:0009011) that were part of a flower (PO:0009046) and mature along with the gynoecium, such as a receptacle (PO:0009064). A fruit may develop without fertilization in cases of parthenocarpy, apomixis, or other hormone-induced conditions and may not always contain seeds (PO:0009010). When annotating to fruit (PO:0009001) that are referred to as ‘aggregate’, ‘multiple’, or ‘compound’, please annotate directly to the appropriate plant structure, such as receptacle, hypanthium (PO:0009065) or infructescence (PO:0006342). Fruits only occur in angiosperms. fruit A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that develops from a gynoecium (PO:0009062), or a single carpel (PO:0009030), and at maturity may have as parts one or more seeds (PO:0009010). NYBG:Brandon_Sinn NYBG:Dario_Cavaliere POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators frucht (exact, German) NYBG:Brandon_Sinn NYBG:Dario_Cavaliere fruto (exact, Spanish) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 果実 (exact, Japanese) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki coenocarp (narrow) FNA:c13b1312-1cc5-4ace-98e2-fde12aec09da syncarp (narrow) FNA:67fa41ae-b735-4d89-b5db-7631b873ef7a A cell which is a plant structure (PO:0009011). cell (broad) GO:0005623 PO_GIT:56 c&#233lula vegetal (Spanish, exact) 植物細胞 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0009002 Applies to cells that are living or dead at maturity (e.g., fiber cell or tracheid) and includes any external encapsulating structures (if present) such as the plasma membrane and the plant-type cell wall. Definition of cell GO:0005623: "The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope". GO:0009505. Definition of plant-type cell wall (GO:0009505): A more or less rigid structure lying outside the cell membrane of a cell and composed of cellulose and pectin and other organic and inorganic substances, synonym; exact: cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall. plant cell A cell which is a plant structure (PO:0009011). GO:0005623 POC:curators c&#233lula vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物細胞 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that produces shoot-borne portions of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) and the plant structures (PO:0009011) that arise from them. PO_GIT:135 sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) シュート系、苗条系 (Japanese, exact) tree crown (narrow) plant_anatomy Poaceae crown (related) shoot (related) thalli (related) thallus (related) PO:0009006 The shoot system is generally used to refer to the above-ground plant parts, although some plants have parts of their shoot system underground. For example, a rhizome (PO:0004542), bulb (PO:0025356), a corm (PO:0025355) or a subterranean tuber (PO:0004547), as in Solanum tuberosum (potato) or yam, are all part of the shoot system. shoot system A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that produces shoot-borne portions of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) and the plant structures (PO:0009011) that arise from them. POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo シュート系、苗条系 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki thalli (related) FNA:d1431b5c-7b86-46a0-8d3c-bd426fe12c85 thallus (related) FNA:02756ad4-a09c-48d7-8754-903254e557a9 A plant structure (PO:0009011) that consists predominantly of similarly specialized plant cells (PO:0009002) of one or more types. portion of tissue (broad) tissue (broad) PO_GIT:59 porci&#243n de un tejido vegetal (Spanish, exact) 植物組織の一部 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy plant tissue (related) PO:0009007 A portion of plant tissue may contain one or several types of cells that are organized in a specific spatial arrangement into a structural unit (which includes a mass of callus) and may include an intercellular matrix. May include other types of isolated cells, such as idioblasts. portion of plant tissue A plant structure (PO:0009011) that consists predominantly of similarly specialized plant cells (PO:0009002) of one or more types. POC:curators TAIR:Leonore_Reiser porci&#243n de un tejido vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物組織の一部 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that is a functional unit, is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003), and includes portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007) of at least two different types that derive from a common developmental path. organ (broad) PO_GIT:55 &#243rgano vegetal (Spanish, exact) 植物 器官 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy compound plant organ (related) simple plant organ (related) PO:0009008 Examples include stem (PO:0009047), leaf (PO:0025034), and root (PO:0009005). May include individual plant cells (PO:0009002) that are not part of a portion of plant tissue (e.g., idioblasts, PO:0000283). A plant organ may have one or more different plant organs as parts, such as a sporophyll (PO:0009026) that may have as part a sporangium (PO:0025094) or a carpel (PO:0009030) that may have as part a plant ovule (PO:0020003). plant organ A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that is a functional unit, is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003), and includes portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007) of at least two different types that derive from a common developmental path. POC:curators &#243rgano vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物 器官 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki simple plant organ (related) PATO:01503 A whole plant (PO:0000003) that participates in the plant embryo stage (PO:0007631). embryo (broad) PO_GIT:92 embri&#243n (Spanish, exact) 植物胚 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy germ (related) PO:0009009 A plant embryo is generally formed after the first division of a plant zygote (PO:0000423), but in the case of a nucellar (adventitious) plant embryo (PO:0004537), somatic plant embryo (PO:0025302), microspore-derived cultured plant embryo (PO:0025305), and other embryos that arise through apogamy, it begins after the division of a single cell that is not a zygote. The end of the embryo stage varies among taxa; the beginning of a seed germination stage (PO:0007057) in seed plants, formation of the first vascular leaf (PO:0009025) in pteridophytes, the beginning of development of a sporangium (PO:0025094) in bryophytes, or the beginning of the formation of a plant organ (PO:0009008) such as a root (PO:0009005), shoot axis (PO:0025029), or vascular leaf (PO:0009025) in a cultured plant embryo (PO:0000010). plant embryo A whole plant (PO:0000003) that participates in the plant embryo stage (PO:0007631). POC:curators embri&#243n (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物胚 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that develops from a plant ovule (PO:0020003) and has as parts a plant embryo (PO:0009009) enclosed in a seed coat (PO:0009088). diaspore (broad) PO_GIT:405 semilla (Spanish, exact) 種子 (Japanese, exact) pyrene (narrow) plant_anatomy PO:0009010 A seed generally develops from an ovule (PO:0020003) after fertilization, but may develop without fertilization in the case of apogamy (e.g., adventitious embryos or somatic embryos). A seed is a reproductive unit of seed plants (gymnosperms, angiosperms, and fossil pteridosperms). seed A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that develops from a plant ovule (PO:0020003) and has as parts a plant embryo (PO:0009009) enclosed in a seed coat (PO:0009088). POC:curators semilla (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 種子 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki pyrene (narrow) FNA:f5c50e73-61e3-48ec-b918-6f85b3f40738 An anatomical structure that is or was part of a plant, or was derived from a part of a plant. PO_GIT:57 estructura vegetal (Spanish, exact) 植物 構造 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0009011 'Part' includes both proper parts and the whole plant. CARO:0000003 anatomical structure is defined as: Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. plant structure An anatomical structure that is or was part of a plant, or was derived from a part of a plant. CARO:0000003 POC:curators estructura vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物 構造 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A stage in the life of a plant structure (PO:0009011) during which the plant structure undergoes developmental processes. PO:0007021 PO_GIT:185 etapa de desarrollo de estructura vegetal (Spanish, exact) plant growth and development stage (exact) plant_structure_development_stage Arabidopsis growth (related) PO:0009012 Refers to GO:0032502 (developmental process), including growth, differentiation, and senescence. plant structure development stage A stage in the life of a plant structure (PO:0009011) during which the plant structure undergoes developmental processes. POC:curators etapa de desarrollo de estructura vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo Arabidopsis growth (related) TAIR:0000205 A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) in which plant cells (PO:0009002) have retained their embryonic characteristics, or have reverted to them secondarily, and that divide to produce new cells that can undergo differentiation to form mature tissues, i.e. they have a capacity for morphogenesis and growth. PO_GIT:472 meristem (exact) meristema (Spanish, exact) meristematic tissue (exact) 分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0009013 portion of meristem tissue A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) in which plant cells (PO:0009002) have retained their embryonic characteristics, or have reverted to them secondarily, and that divide to produce new cells that can undergo differentiation to form mature tissues, i.e. they have a capacity for morphogenesis and growth. APweb:Glossary GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal meristema (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A leaf (PO:0025034) in a vascular plant. PO_GIT:137 foliage leaf (exact) hoja vascular (Spanish, exact) leaf, vascular (exact) vascular leaves (exact, plural) 維管束のある葉, または維管束植物の葉 (Japanese, exact) ascidia (narrow) ascidium (narrow) fiddlehead (narrow) frond (narrow) needle-like leaf (narrow) pitcher (narrow) pitcher blade (narrow) pitcher-blade (narrow) scale-like leaf (narrow) sterile frond (narrow) trophophyll (narrow) plant_anatomy crozier (related) macrophyll (related) megaphyll (related) PO:0009025 Has vascular tissue. From APweb Glossary: In angiosperms, commonly thought of as one of the three basic parts of the seed plant body, a structure usually of determinate growth, without secondary thickening, and of superficial origin, often flattened and photosynthetic in part, and in the axil of which is found a bud. Occurs in the sporophytic phase of a plant life cycle. vascular leaf A leaf (PO:0025034) in a vascular plant. POC:curators hoja vascular (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo vascular leaves (exact, plural) FNA:c7d9d167-4121-43b0-b2fe-bb1ae9d6d3a6 維管束のある葉, または維管束植物の葉 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki ascidia (narrow) FNA:06544712-db97-4208-b188-c4b756a53c72 ascidium (narrow) FNA:a97f1513-7684-49d4-92f5-934d1c8b3e1c fiddlehead (narrow) FNA:d894ba18-4523-484c-abab-26d1cac75bc4 pitcher (narrow) FNA:30d8bef3-ad1a-44ed-a995-24c3e342aefd pitcher blade (narrow) FNA:d3928bf3-1d8a-4fe5-a728-95c13c3a0f90 pitcher-blade (narrow) FNA:30c47c20-f459-4518-8657-feed7eb92fe4 sterile frond (narrow) FNA:a4dc40f4-92f9-4ba5-b616-a84564f63fed trophophyll (narrow) FNA:8654d268-1e4c-4edf-b937-82a965b4edef crozier (related) FNA:87e7efa9-89d7-4249-be74-bc22a0466a05 macrophyll (related) FNA:c1142d9b-c42a-45e1-93ac-9cbe9575321e megaphyll (related) FNA:c26c826a-30d6-494e-a2f1-05540465c9fc A leaf-like organ on which one or more sporangia are borne. esporofilo (Spanish, exact) spore leaf (exact) 胞子葉 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0009026 sporophyll A leaf-like organ on which one or more sporangia are borne. APweb:Glossary esporofilo (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo spore leaf (exact) FNA:301289d5-912b-4db3-af05-73579ecb9ef0 胞子葉 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A structure on which one or more microsporangia are borne; in flowering plants, the stamen. microsporofilo (Spanish, exact) 小胞子葉 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0009028 microsporophyll A structure on which one or more microsporangia are borne; in flowering plants, the stamen. APweb:Glossary microsporofilo (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 小胞子葉 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A microsporophyll bearing one or more microsporangia. PO:0006441 PO:0006472 estambre (Spanish, exact) 雄蕊 (Japanese, exact) Poaceae stamen (narrow) Zea stamen (narrow) plant_anatomy PO:0009029 Part of tassel floret. stamen A microsporophyll bearing one or more microsporangia. APweb:Glossary estambre (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 雄蕊 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A bract (PO:0009055) that subtends a perianth (PO:0009058) that is part of a flower (PO:0009046). PO_GIT:84 br&#225ctea floral (Spanish, exact) floral bract (exact) 花苞（葉） (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy chaff (related) PO:0009034 flower bract A bract (PO:0009055) that subtends a perianth (PO:0009058) that is part of a flower (PO:0009046). POC:curators br&#225ctea floral (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花苞（葉） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki The lower, usually larger, of the pair of flower bracts (PO:0009034) enclosing a (PO:0009082) spikelet floret. PO:0006356 PO:0006363 PO:0006395 PO:0006397 PO:0006407 PO:0006409 PO:0006431 PO:0006432 PO:0006433 PO:0006434 PO_GIT:381 lemma (Spanish, exact) lemma del florete del penacho (borla) o de la espiga (Spanish, exact) lemmas (exact, plural) lemmata (exact, plural) 外頴 (Japanese, exact) lemma of ear floret (narrow) lemma of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) lemma of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (narrow) lemma of lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow) lemma of lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) lemma of tassel floret (narrow) lemma of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) lemma of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (narrow) lemma of upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow) lemma of upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) plant_anatomy PO:0009037 A lemma (PO:0009037) and palea (PO:0009038) enclose an individual spikelet floret (PO:0009082). The lemma is usually the larger of the two. Since it is not clear what the lemma and palea correspond to in conventional flowers, no assumptions of homology are made. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea species an annotation can also be made to the more specific floret type, if known. Choose the most specific term possible from: ear floret (PO:0006354), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006353), lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006351), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). Found in Found in Poaceae, Cyperaceae and other Poales. lemma The lower, usually larger, of the pair of flower bracts (PO:0009034) enclosing a (PO:0009082) spikelet floret. APweb:Glossary POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators lemma (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo lemma del florete del penacho (borla) o de la espiga (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo lemmas (exact, plural) FNA:95b70500-2969-4d99-801e-9367ba2db50e lemmata (exact, plural) FNA:874598c1-dd20-4ab3-ac36-3180873df1bc 外頴 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki The upper (distal), usually smaller, of the pair of flower bracts (PO:0009034) enclosing a (PO:0009082) spikelet floret. PO:0006359 PO:0006361 PO:0006399 PO:0006401 PO:0006411 PO:0006413 PO:0006427 PO:0006428 PO:0006429 PO:0006430 pale (broad) paleae (broad) paleas (broad) palet (broad) PO_GIT:381 palea (Spanish, exact) palea of lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (exact) 内頴 (Japanese, exact) palea of ear floret (narrow) palea of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) palea of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (narrow) palea of lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) palea of tassel floret (narrow) palea of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) palea of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (narrow) palea of upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow) palea of upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) plant_anatomy PO:0009038 A lemma (PO:0009037) and palea (PO:0009038) enclose an individual spikelet floret (PO:0009082). The palea is usually the smaller of the two. Since it is not clear what the lemma and palea correspond to in conventional flowers, no assumptions of homology are made. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea species an annotation can also be made to the more specific floret type, if known. Choose the most specific term possible from: ear floret (PO:0006354), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006353), lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006351), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). Found in Found in Poaceae, Cyperaceae and other Poales. palea The upper (distal), usually smaller, of the pair of flower bracts (PO:0009034) enclosing a (PO:0009082) spikelet floret. APweb:Glossary POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators pale (broad) FNA:3d284a17-79c6-40b0-84c5-1cd337f43e55 paleae (broad) FNA:28b8e135-e4b9-4419-9f14-68d68bbc80c7 paleas (broad) FNA:c7715818-04d2-4e9f-b63f-8741b6e558f4 palet (broad) FNA:c7612a78-aff8-478d-9a6e-866dac52f101 palea (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 内頴 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki One of a pair of inflorescence bracts that is part of a spikelet and subtends the two florets. PO:0006026 PO_GIT:382 gluma (Spanish, exact) 苞頴 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy rudimentary glume (related) PO:0009039 Found in Poaceae and Cyperaceae. Glumes subtend the pair of florets while a lemma or palea subtend the individual florets. glume One of a pair of inflorescence bracts that is part of a spikelet and subtends the two florets. POC:Ramona_Walls gluma (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 苞頴 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A determinate reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) that has as part at least one carpel (PO:0009030) or at least one stamen (PO:0009029) and does not contain any other determinate shoot system (PO:0009006) as a part. PO:0004541 PO_GIT:160 PO_GIT:259 flor (Spanish, exact) 花 (Japanese, exact) basal flower (narrow) double flower (narrow) hermaphrodite flower (narrow) monoclinous flower (narrow) perfect flower (narrow) plant_anatomy floret (related) PO:0009046 The characteristic reproductive structure of angiosperms. May have as part one or more petals, sepals or tepals. May contain one or more pistillode (PO:0009078), staminode (PO:0009077) or other aborted organs that don't show up in mature form. flower A determinate reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) that has as part at least one carpel (PO:0009030) or at least one stamen (PO:0009029) and does not contain any other determinate shoot system (PO:0009006) as a part. POC:curators flor (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki basal flower (narrow) CO_125:0000019 hermaphrodite flower (narrow) CO_125:0000028 A reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) that has as parts all of the shoot axes (PO:0025029) distal to the most distal foliage leaf (PO:0009025) of a shoot axis and all of the flowers (PO:0009046) borne by those axes. Must have two or more flowers as parts. PO:0009048 PO:0009050 PO:0020088 PO:0020111 PO:0020112 PO:0020113 PO:0020114 PO:0020115 PO:0020116 PO:0020117 PO:0020118 PO:0020119 PO:0020120 PO_GIT:260 PO_GIT:71 inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) 花序 (Japanese, exact) Asteraceae floret (narrow) Triticeae spike (narrow) ament (narrow) anthela (narrow) anthelae (narrow) bostryches (narrow) bostryx (narrow) capitula (narrow) capitulum (narrow) catkin (narrow) cincinni (narrow) cincinnus (narrow) corymb (narrow) cyathia (narrow) cyathium (narrow) cyme (narrow) cymule (narrow) dichasium (narrow) drepanium (narrow) glome (narrow) glomerule (narrow) head (narrow) helicoid cyme (narrow) monochasium (narrow) panicle (narrow) raceme (narrow) rhipidia (narrow) rhipidium (narrow) scorpioid cyme (narrow) spadices (narrow) spadix (narrow) spike (narrow) thyrse (narrow) umbel (narrow) verticillaster (narrow) plant_anatomy PO:0009049 Some plants have only solitary flowers, e.g.<i> Magnolia</i>. inflorescence A reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) that has as parts all of the shoot axes (PO:0025029) distal to the most distal foliage leaf (PO:0009025) of a shoot axis and all of the flowers (PO:0009046) borne by those axes. Must have two or more flowers as parts. POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:Ramona_Walls inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花序 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki ament (narrow) FNA:607abb62-30fc-43da-8ad4-bc947d70a404 anthela (narrow) FNA:72057d27-76d8-4729-82bb-785757a01d96 anthelae (narrow) FNA:f22442e8-3d37-47e4-b1bc-64aeb8b0f9f7 bostryches (narrow) FNA:d644d4cc-43d7-4864-8b09-69af7abf3939 bostryx (narrow) FNA:71fb2017-f964-4745-9a48-b5235dd74e8d capitula (narrow) FNA:e71eddda-be79-457a-8b95-b6efda659f4b cincinni (narrow) FNA:0f44b58c-1466-4417-8801-f269c2427097 cincinnus (narrow) FNA:31d62216-7ffd-48ce-826a-04847806eae7 cyathia (narrow) FNA:805a5ca4-7ec1-48cc-a1ac-5cb20a1c25c2 cyathium (narrow) FNA:faf9253b-7097-4172-89a9-9470452bbd95 cymule (narrow) FNA:315d7cee-9b82-4c2f-b5d3-ea14760c7ca8 dichasium (narrow) FNA:a10794b5-f1a8-4de4-9a1f-97fb4ef5f204 glome (narrow) FNA:0a4e0d59-0dc0-49a7-8562-95f39090349d glomerule (narrow) FNA:a55bbf2c-ab6b-4c58-8f74-aecf3de0b184 head (narrow) FNA:37d91956-ebe6-43d3-bed9-7418a528b850 monochasium (narrow) FNA:317b9221-6452-4027-ba2c-cdbe8cc7cb0d rhipidia (narrow) FNA:b75d3219-23d0-458c-a669-1d24bbf2de2a spadices (narrow) FNA:0b2b2c72-422d-4782-9bae-2c8d36e25032 spadix (narrow) FNA:b4c1cb9d-88f4-4d61-bf44-801af1a76bb8 spike (narrow) FNA:98bf8a79-e56c-460b-a976-c9b16ddac7d4 thyrse (narrow) FNA:6b09f9b2-5244-4e77-9a1b-e983e6d8bfa6 A reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) that is the ultimate and congested inflorescence branch (PO:0009081) of the grasses. PO_GIT:383 PO_GIT:71 espiguilla (Spanish, exact) 小穂 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0009051 It consists of one to many closely-packed flowers and associated glumes etc. spikelet A reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) that is the ultimate and congested inflorescence branch (PO:0009081) of the grasses. APweb:Glossary espiguilla (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 小穂 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A bract (PO:0009055) subtending a branch of the inflorescence (PO:0009049) or borne on the inflorescence axis (PO:0020122) below any branch (PO:0025073) or flower (PO:0009046). PO:0006337 pale (broad) palea (broad) paleae (broad) paleas (broad) palet (broad) PO_GIT:84 br&#225ctea de la inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) 花序苞 (Japanese, exact) inflorescence bract of ear (narrow) spathe (narrow) squamella (narrow) squamellae (narrow) squamule (narrow) plant_anatomy corn husk (related) husk (related) husk leaf (related) PO:0009054 Includes the leaf subtending and acting as outer envelope of an ear in Zea mays. inflorescence bract A bract (PO:0009055) subtending a branch of the inflorescence (PO:0009049) or borne on the inflorescence axis (PO:0020122) below any branch (PO:0025073) or flower (PO:0009046). APweb:Glossary pale (broad) FNA:3290efb9-fde1-4c56-a813-37e62e665af2 palea (broad) FNA:3d210af5-1709-4aee-91e5-ccc65f5fa7bd paleae (broad) FNA:28b8e135-e4b9-4419-9f14-68d68bbc80c7 paleas (broad) FNA:c7715818-04d2-4e9f-b63f-8741b6e558f4 palet (broad) FNA:c7612a78-aff8-478d-9a6e-866dac52f101 br&#225ctea de la inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花序苞 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki spathe (narrow) FNA:be285d91-a6e6-4e1b-8d89-fa3252201928 squamella (narrow) FNA:ead20a1b-057b-4008-9466-bdb8e283aa82 squamellae (narrow) FNA:c5765385-917c-465e-83f8-b4fe5d693146 squamule (narrow) FNA:f18da584-2b0b-4b03-a614-40140a1cb89e A phyllome that subtends a reproductive structure. PO_GIT:217 br&#225ctea (Spanish, exact) 苞葉 (Japanese, exact) scale (narrow) plant_anatomy bracteole (related) bractlet (related) hypsophyll (related) PO:0009055 Usually different from leaves. Often used to refer to a floral bract, but includes other kinds of bracts. bract A phyllome that subtends a reproductive structure. POC:curators br&#225ctea (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 苞葉 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki scale (narrow) FNA:8c618dea-f3dd-434f-bb13-23273ea6c143 bracteole (related) FNA:9cce93dc-f233-440e-9163-97207fca71a4 bractlet (related) FNA:8968da77-e6b0-4302-baf9-1c8cb72a8b06 A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) composed all of the stamens (PO:0009029) in a flower (PO:0009046). PO:0006355 PO:0006366 PO:0006383 PO:0006392 PO:0006393 PO:0006405 PO:0006406 PO:0006419 PO:0006420 PO:0006421 PO:0006422 PO:0006471 PO_GIT:71 PO_GIT:98 androecia (exact, plural) androecio (Spanish, exact) androecium of tassel floret (exact) androecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (exact) 雄蕊群 (Japanese, exact) Poaceae androecium (narrow) Zea androecium (narrow) androecium column (narrow) androecium of ear floret (narrow) androecium of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) androecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow) androecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) androecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) androecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow) androecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) plant_anatomy PO:0009061 The androecium also has as parts any staminodes (PO:0009077) that may be present in a flower. If annotating gene expression to an androecium with a single stamen (PO:0009029), the annotation should go on stamen. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), ear floret (PO:0006354), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006353), lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006351), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). The development of an androecium in an ear floret of a normal maize plant is aborted and is present in a rudimentary state, while the development of an androecium in a tassel floret leads to a functional androecium. androecium A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) composed all of the stamens (PO:0009029) in a flower (PO:0009046). POC:curators androecia (exact, plural) FNA:522936d3-a948-44f3-b9dc-634e0d190f6f androecio (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 雄蕊群 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki androecium column (narrow) FNA:e0f4d402-3489-4a58-81bf-0fa5119a4db5 A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) composed all of the carpels (PO:0009030) in a flower (PO:0009046). PO:0006317 PO:0006357 PO:0006365 PO:0006384 PO:0006391 PO:0006394 PO:0006403 PO:0006404 PO:0006423 PO:0006424 PO:0006425 PO:0006426 PO:0025089 pistil (broad) PO_GIT:470 PO_GIT:71 PO_GIT:98 ginoecio (Spanish, exact) gynaecium (exact) gynoecia (exact, plural) 雌蕊群 (Japanese, exact) Poaceae gynoecium (narrow) Zea gynoecium (narrow) apocarpous gynoecium (narrow) gynoecium of ear floret (narrow) gynoecium of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) gynoecium of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (narrow) gynoecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow) gynoecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) gynoecium of tassel floret (narrow) gynoecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) gynoecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (narrow) gynoecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow) gynoecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) syncarpous gynoecium (narrow) plant_anatomy PO:0009062 If annotating gene expression to a gynoecium with a single carpel (PO:0009030), the annotation should go on carpel. A gynoecium with two or more carpels may be either syncarpous (carpels fused) or apopcarpous (carpels free) or the carpels may be partially fused. The word pistil is used synonymously with gynoecium for a synocarpous gynoecium, and synonymously with carpel for an apocarpous gynoecium, whether it has one or more carpels. In Zea mays, gynoecia of tassel florets and of the lower florets of ear spikelets usually do not develop fully, and they are present in a rudimentary state. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), ear floret (PO:0006354), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006353), lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006351), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). gynoecium A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) composed all of the carpels (PO:0009030) in a flower (PO:0009046). POC:curators ginoecio (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo gynaecium (exact) FNA:03f034c5-6bd6-4846-8ef7-c5190d09008c gynoecia (exact, plural) FNA:226a743c-7988-4b66-b163-2ce80d7c8a70 雌蕊群 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that is the pollen-bearing part of a stamen (PO:0009029). PO:0006442 PO:0006473 PO_GIT:297 PO_GIT:70 antera (Spanish, exact) 半葯,花粉のう (Japanese, exact) Poaceae anther (narrow) Zea anther (narrow) plant_anatomy PO:0009066 Generally consists of four pollen sacs (microsporangia) in two anther thecas. If you are annotating to anther or one of its parts for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). anther A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that is the pollen-bearing part of a stamen (PO:0009029). APweb:Glossary antera (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 半葯,花粉のう (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A small flower (PO:0009046) that is part of a spikelet (PO:0009051). PO:0006318 PO:0025090 PO_GIT:380 florete de la espiguilla (Spanish, exact) 小穂小花 (Japanese, exact) Poaceae floret (narrow) grass floret (narrow) plant_anatomy spikelet flower (related) PO:0009082 A spikelet floret (PO:0009082) is enclosed by one or both the flower bracts (PO:0009034); lemma (PO:0009037) and palea (PO:0009038) and also includes a lodicule (PO:0009036). To describe a floret of the Asteraceae, use ray flower (PO:0025331) or disk flower (PO:0025332). Found in Poaceae, Cyperaceae and other Poales. spikelet floret A small flower (PO:0009046) that is part of a spikelet (PO:0009051). PMID:20197291 POC:curators florete de la espiguilla (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 小穂小花 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant organ (PO:0009008) that has as parts a nucellus (PO:0020020) in which a female gametophyte (PO:0025279) is located, one or two integuments (PO:0020021), and a funicle (PO:0020006). PO:0006457 PO:0006491 PO_GIT:464 PO_GIT:70 &#243vulo vegetal (Spanish, exact) 胚珠 (Japanese, exact) Poaceae ovule (narrow) Zea ovule (narrow) plant_anatomy PO:0020003 A seed (PO:0009010) develops from a plant ovule. In angiosperms, a plant ovule is part of a plant ovary (PO:0009072). In conifers, a plant ovule is part of an ovuliferous scale (add term). If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), ear floret (PO:0006354), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352). plant ovule A plant organ (PO:0009008) that has as parts a nucellus (PO:0020020) in which a female gametophyte (PO:0025279) is located, one or two integuments (PO:0020021), and a funicle (PO:0020006). POC:curators &#243vulo vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 胚珠 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A vascular leaf (PO:0009025) formed at the first shoot node (PO:0005004) of a plant embryo (PO:0009009) or a seedling (PO:0000003). PO_GIT:457 cotiled&#243n (Spanish, exact) seed leaf (exact) 子葉 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0020030 cotyledon A vascular leaf (PO:0009025) formed at the first shoot node (PO:0005004) of a plant embryo (PO:0009009) or a seedling (PO:0000003). GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal ISBN:9780879015329 POC:curators cotiled&#243n (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo seed leaf (exact) FNA:2e1fc560-4493-47fe-b363-500a1189b27d 子葉 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A maximal portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) located at a shoot apex (PO:0000037) or root tip (PO:0000025). promeristem (broad) PO_GIT:579 AM (exact) meristema apical (Spanish, exact) 頂端分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy primary meristem (related) PO:0020144 apical meristem A maximal portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) located at a shoot apex (PO:0000037) or root tip (PO:0000025). GR:Pankaj_Jaiswal POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators meristema apical (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 頂端分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A shoot system meristem (PO:0006079) formed at the apex of the shoot axis (PO:0025029), including those originating from an axillary bud meristem (PO:0000232). promeristem (broad) PO_GIT:472 SAM (exact) meristema apical del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) 茎頂分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy primary shoot meristem (related) PO:0020148 shoot apical meristem A shoot system meristem (PO:0006079) formed at the apex of the shoot axis (PO:0025029), including those originating from an axillary bud meristem (PO:0000232). POC:Cooperl UMSL:fz meristema apical del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 茎頂分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki An axial plant organ (PO:0009008). rwalls 2010-07-01T03:44:41Z eje de la planta (Spanish, exact) plant axes (exact, plural) 植物軸（軸柱） (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025004 Includes roots and shoots. plant axis An axial plant organ (PO:0009008). POC:curators eje de la planta (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo plant axes (exact, plural) FNA:2355281f-ab10-4ae2-a3d8-672cace068a8 植物軸（軸柱） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A collective plant structure (PO:0025497) that is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003), and is composed of two or more adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) and the associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007). rwalls 2010-02-09T04:12:11Z PO_GIT:63 estructura vegetal colectiva de &#243rgano (Spanish, exact) 集合植物器官構造 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025007 Organs can be of the same type or different types. Examples include flower (PO:0009046), perianth (PO:0009058), and inflorescence (PO:0009049). See also collective organ part structure (PO:0025269), for plant structures composed of parts of multiple organs, but no complete plant organs. This was formerly named collective plant structure. collective plant organ structure A collective plant structure (PO:0025497) that is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003), and is composed of two or more adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) and the associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007). POC:curators estructura vegetal colectiva de &#243rgano (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 集合植物器官構造 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that consists of two or more phyllomes (PO:0006001) originating from the same node or from one or more adjacent nodes with compressed shoot internodes (PO:0005005). Laurel_Cooper 2010-04-28T11:04:34Z PO:0008033 cycle (broad) verticil (broad) PO_GIT:90 PO_GIT:99 estructura colectiva del filoma (Spanish, exact) 葉的器官が集まった構造 (Japanese, exact) floral whorl (narrow) whorl (narrow) plant_anatomy phyllome whorl (related) PO:0025023 collective phyllome structure A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that consists of two or more phyllomes (PO:0006001) originating from the same node or from one or more adjacent nodes with compressed shoot internodes (PO:0005005). POC:curators cycle (broad) FNA:d42df0a9-60f4-4c24-9c0b-ba815272f2fe verticil (broad) FNA:12607624-3d2a-4113-bd86-0e2557f2f473 estructura colectiva del filoma (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 葉的器官が集まった構造 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki floral whorl (narrow) GO:0048438 GO:0048457 GO:0048458 GO:0048459 A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is part of a plant embryo (PO:0009009). rwalls 2010-05-07T02:41:17Z embryo cell (broad) embryonic cell (broad) PO_GIT:281 c&#233lula embri&#243nica vegetal (Spanish, exact) embryonic plant cell (exact) 胚性植物細胞 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025028 embryo plant cell A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is part of a plant embryo (PO:0009009). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators c&#233lula embri&#243nica vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 胚性植物細胞 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant axis (PO:0025004) that is part of a shoot system (PO:0009006). rwalls 2010-07-01T03:46:35Z caullome (exact) eje del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) シュート軸 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy shoot (related) PO:0025029 Often bears leaves and branches. In vascular plants, has at least one node and one internode. shoot axis A plant axis (PO:0025004) that is part of a shoot system (PO:0009006). POC:curators eje del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo シュート軸 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome (PO:0006001) that is not associated with a reproductive structure. rwalls 2010-07-12T01:31:44Z PO_GIT:274 PO_GIT:301 hoja (Spanish, exact) 葉 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025034 leaf A phyllome (PO:0006001) that is not associated with a reproductive structure. POC:curators hoja (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 葉 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A shoot system (PO:0009006) in the sporophytic phase that has as part at least one sporangium (PO:0025094). rwalls 2010-09-17T09:49:10Z sistema de brote reproductivo (Spanish, exact) 生殖シュート 系、苗条系 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025082 reproductive shoot system A shoot system (PO:0009006) in the sporophytic phase that has as part at least one sporangium (PO:0025094). POC:curators sistema de brote reproductivo (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 生殖シュート 系、苗条系 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) consisting of a number of sporophylls (PO:0009026) or plant ovule (PO:0020003)-bearing modified leaves (PO:0025034) grouped terminally on a stem (PO:0009047). rwalls 2010-09-17T09:51:22Z PO_GIT:168 PO_GIT:601 estr&#243bilo (Spanish, exact) strobili (exact, plural) 胞子嚢穂,　球花 (Japanese, exact) compound strobilus (narrow) simple strobilus (narrow) plant_anatomy cone (related) cono (Spanish, exact) (related) PO:0025083 May be simple or compound. Found in lycophytes such as Selaginella and Lycopodium, sphenophytes such as Equisetum, gymnosperms such as cycad, conifers, gnetophytes and the pollen producing structures of Gingko. The term cone is often used for strobili that are woody. Flowers are sometimes considered bisexual strobili. Some flowering plants such as Alnus have inflorescences called catkins that resemble strobili, but are not. strobilus A reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) consisting of a number of sporophylls (PO:0009026) or plant ovule (PO:0020003)-bearing modified leaves (PO:0025034) grouped terminally on a stem (PO:0009047). ISBN:0716710072 POC:curators estr&#243bilo (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo strobili (exact, plural) FNA:1fdafc26-bb42-444a-97e8-b6c0df728998 胞子嚢穂,　球花 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki cono (Spanish, exact) (related) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo A bud that develops into a reproductive shoot system. rwalls 2010-09-17T01:52:05Z yema reproductiva (Spanish, exact) 生殖芽 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025084 reproductive bud A bud that develops into a reproductive shoot system. POC:curators yema reproductiva (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 生殖芽 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant organ (PO:0009008) in which plant spores (PO:0025017) are produced. rwalls 2010-10-27T11:28:21Z PO:0025232 PO_GIT:251 PO_GIT:257 esporangio (Spanish, exact) moss capsule (exact) sporangia (exact, plural) spore capsule (exact) spore case (exact) 胞子嚢 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025094 In bryophytes, particularly in mosses, a sporangium is referred to as a capsule. In seed plants, a sporangium is located in a sporophyll. In pteridophytes, a sporangium is located on the surface of a sporophyll or fertile leaf or borne on a sporangiophore. May be unicellular in some algae. sporangium A plant organ (PO:0009008) in which plant spores (PO:0025017) are produced. ISBN:0716710072 POC:curators esporangio (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo spore case (exact) FNA:808e89e2-7155-41e5-b7b9-a887000d1734 胞子嚢 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is part of an plant embryo (PO:0009009). rwalls 2010-11-05T01:36:24Z PO_GIT:245 PO_GIT:339 embryonic plant structure (exact) estructura vegetal embri&#243nica (Spanish, exact) 胚性植物構造 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025099 Includes plant structures that only occur in embryos (such as suspensor) as well as plant structures that are part of an embryo when a plant is in the embryonic phase (such as embryonic radicle). embryo plant structure A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is part of an plant embryo (PO:0009009). POC:curators estructura vegetal embri&#243nica (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 胚性植物構造 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that has as parts protoderm (PO:0006210) and sub-epidermal meristematic tissue and is committed to the development of a particular plant structure (PO:0009011). rwalls 2010-11-15T09:10:22Z PO_GIT:186 portion of primordial tissue (exact) portion of primordium tissue (exact) primordia (exact, plural) primordio (Spanish, exact) 原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025127 A primordium appears as a protrusion and is the first distinct form of a plant organ (PO:0009008), cardinal organ part (PO:0025001), or collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007). The transition from a primordium to the plant structure it develops into is marked by the development of non-meristematic cells, although meristematic cells may be present after the transition. primordium A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that has as parts protoderm (PO:0006210) and sub-epidermal meristematic tissue and is committed to the development of a particular plant structure (PO:0009011). POC:curators primordio (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A primordium (PO:0025127) that develops from a phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) and is part of a shoot apex (PO:0000037) and is committed to the development of a phyllome (PO:0006001). rwalls 2010-11-15T09:27:11Z PO_GIT:466 phyllome primordia (exact, plural) portion of phyllome primordium tissue (exact) primordio del filoma (Spanish, exact) フィロム原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025128 The transition from phyllome primordium to phyllome occurs when the first non-meristematic tissue develops begins to develop. phyllome primordium A primordium (PO:0025127) that develops from a phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) and is part of a shoot apex (PO:0000037) and is committed to the development of a phyllome (PO:0006001). PMID:11572953 POC:curators primordio del filoma (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo フィロム原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A sporangium (PO:0025094) in which microspores (PO:0020048) are produced. rwalls 2010-12-09T04:05:41Z PO_GIT:254 megasporangia (exact, plural) microsporangia (exact, plural) microsporangio (Spanish, exact) 小胞子嚢 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy macrosporangia (related) macrosporangium (related) PO:0025202 microsporangium A sporangium (PO:0025094) in which microspores (PO:0020048) are produced. ISBN:0716710072 megasporangia (exact, plural) FNA:39beb98a-e588-4996-8a2d-57c9967dc8ab microsporangia (exact, plural) FNA:067d82bc-0218-4f34-b021-f1c3acadd136 microsporangio (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 小胞子嚢 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki macrosporangia (related) FNA:6102371f-fcdd-47cd-b0fd-2d24e2d5c8cc macrosporangium (related) FNA:7f9e3756-4ac4-495d-8fb6-fffed355a241 A shoot apex that has as part a reproductive shoot apical meristem. rwalls 2010-12-20T08:47:03Z &#225pice reproductivo del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) 生殖シュート頂、茎頂 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025222 reproductive shoot apex A shoot apex that has as part a reproductive shoot apical meristem. POC:Ramona_Walls &#225pice reproductivo del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 生殖シュート頂、茎頂 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A shoot apex PO:0000037) that has as part a vegetative shoot apical meristem (PO:0008016). rwalls 2010-12-20T08:47:03Z PO_GIT:234 &#225pice vegetativo del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) 栄養シュート頂、栄養枝頂 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025223 vegetative shoot apex A shoot apex PO:0000037) that has as part a vegetative shoot apical meristem (PO:0008016). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:Ramona_Walls &#225pice vegetativo del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 栄養シュート頂、栄養枝頂 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that is part of a plant embryo (PO:0009009). rwalls 2010-12-20T12:27:10Z portion of embryo tissue (broad) PO_GIT:338 portion of embryonic plant tissue (exact) tejido embri&#243nico vegetal (Spanish, exact) 植物胚性組織 の一部 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025233 This class is for tissues that only occur as part of an embryo. portion of embryo plant tissue A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that is part of a plant embryo (PO:0009009). POC:curators tejido embri&#243nico vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物胚性組織 の一部 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A microsporangium that is part of a sporophyll and where the pollen grains develop and are located after they develop. rwalls 2011-02-25T09:17:11Z PO:0006444 PO:0006476 PO_GIT:255 PO_GIT:296 saco pol&#237nico (Spanish, exact) 花粉のう (Japanese, exact) Poaceae microsporangium (narrow) Zea microsporangium (narrow) anther lobe (narrow) plant_anatomy PO:0025277 A pollen sac is a microsporangium in seed plants. In angiosperms, a single, unfused pollen sac may contain an anther locule or several pollen sacs may fuse so they contain a single anther locule. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). pollen sac A microsporangium that is part of a sporophyll and where the pollen grains develop and are located after they develop. POC:curators saco pol&#237nico (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花粉のう (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A maximal whole plant development stage. rwalls 2011-10-19T10:54:37Z PO_GIT:230 vida de la planta entera (Spanish, exact) 植物体の一生 (Japanese, exact) plant_structure_development_stage PO:0025337 There are only two types of life of whole plant. Every life of a whole plant is either a maximal gametophyte stage or a maximal sporophyte stage. life of whole plant stage A maximal whole plant development stage. POC:curators vida de la planta entera (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物体の一生 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant structure development stage (PO:0009012) that has as primary participant a collective plant structure (PO:0025497). rwalls 2011-10-19T11:12:49Z PO_GIT:391 etapa de desarrollo de una estructura colectiva de la planta (Spanish, exact) 集合的植物構造の発生過程 (Japanese, exact) plant_structure_development_stage PO:0025338 Includes flower development stage (PO:0007615), corolla development stage (PO:0007604), and inflorescence development stage (PO:0001083). collective plant organ structure development stage A plant structure development stage (PO:0009012) that has as primary participant a collective plant structure (PO:0025497). POC:curators etapa de desarrollo de una estructura colectiva de la planta (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 集合的植物構造の発生過程 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A multi-tissue plant structure development stage (PO:0025571) that has as primary participant a plant organ (PO:0009008) . rwalls 2011-10-19T11:12:49Z organ development stage (broad) PO_GIT:522 etapa de desarrollo de un &#243rgano (Spanish, exact) 植物器官発生過程 (Japanese, exact) plant_structure_development_stage PO:0025339 Includes development stages for leaves and roots. plant organ development stage A multi-tissue plant structure development stage (PO:0025571) that has as primary participant a plant organ (PO:0009008) . POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators etapa de desarrollo de un &#243rgano (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物器官発生過程 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant organ (PO:0009008) that is part of a flower (PO:0009046). rwalls 2012-01-19T11:44:36Z PO_GIT:423 &#243rgano floral (Spanish, exact) flower organ (exact) 花器官 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025395 Includes phyllomes such as anthers and petals, as well as shoot axes such as androphores and gynophores. floral organ A plant organ (PO:0009008) that is part of a flower (PO:0009046). POC:curators &#243rgano floral (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花器官 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is part of a peripheral zone (PO:0000225) of a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) and will give rise to a phyllome primordium (PO:0025128). Laurel_Cooper 2012-02-07T08:20:10Z phyllome meristem (broad) PO_GIT:427 フィロム原基 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025430 The phyllome anlagen is only detectable by gene expression, not morphology. phyllome anlagen A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is part of a peripheral zone (PO:0000225) of a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) and will give rise to a phyllome primordium (PO:0025128). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators フィロム原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a vascular leaf primordium (PO:0000017) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:0000225) of a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148). Laurel_Cooper 2012-02-07T08:40:37Z leaf meristem (broad) PO_GIT:407 維管束系葉原基 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025431 This is the region where you have the maximum concentration of auxin in the SAM (at least in a few species that have been studied). vascular leaf anlagen A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a vascular leaf primordium (PO:0000017) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:0000225) of a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148). PMID:14732442 POC:Laurel_Cooper 維管束系葉原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a cotyledon primordium (PO:0000015) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of an embryo shoot apical meristem (PO:0006362). Laurel_Cooper 2012-02-07T09:07:56Z PO_GIT:407 precursor de cotiled&#243n (Spanish, exact) 子葉原基 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025432 cotyledon anlagen A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a cotyledon primordium (PO:0000015) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of an embryo shoot apical meristem (PO:0006362). POC:curators precursor de cotiled&#243n (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 子葉原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A primordium (PO:0025127) that is committed to the development of a floral organ (PO:0025395) and is part of a reproductive shoot apex (PO:0025222). rwalls 2012-04-26T03:57:09Z PO_GIT:465 floral structure primordia (exact, plural) portion of floral structure primordium tissue (exact) primordio de organo floral (Spanish, exact) 花器官原基 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025477 If annotating to a primordium of a floral structure, it is better to use the more specific term, such as petal primordium (PO:0000021) or anther primordium (PO:0006089). floral organ primordium A primordium (PO:0025127) that is committed to the development of a floral organ (PO:0025395) and is part of a reproductive shoot apex (PO:0025222). POC:curators primordio de organo floral (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花器官原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an androecium (PO:0009061). rwalls 2012-04-26T04:11:35Z PO_GIT:465 portion of androecium primordium tissue (exact) primordium del androecio (Spanish, exact) 雄蕊群原基(可視的） (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025478 Use stamen primordium (PO:0004705) for the primordium (PO:0025127) of an individual stamen (PO:0009029). androecium primordium A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an androecium (PO:0009061). POC:curators primordium del androecio (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 雄蕊群原基(可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a bract primordium (PO:0025487) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of a reproductive shoot apical meristem (PO:0008028). rwalls 2012-05-03T03:02:02Z anlagen de br&#225ctea (Spanish, exact) 苞原基 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025482 bract anlagen A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a bract primordium (PO:0025487) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of a reproductive shoot apical meristem (PO:0008028). POC:Ramona_Walls anlagen de br&#225ctea (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 苞原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a stamen primordium (PO:0004705) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of a flower meristem (PO:0000229). rwalls 2012-05-03T03:02:03Z anlagen del estambre (Spanish, exact) 雄蕊原基 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025486 stamen anlagen A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a stamen primordium (PO:0004705) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of a flower meristem (PO:0000229). POC:Ramona_Walls anlagen del estambre (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 雄蕊原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome primordium (PO:0025487) that is committed to the development of a flower bract (PO:0009055). rwalls 2012-05-03T03:04:46Z PO_GIT:466 bract primordia (exact, plural) portion of bract primordium tissue (exact) primordio de la br&#225ctea (Spanish, exact) 苞原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025487 bract primordium A phyllome primordium (PO:0025487) that is committed to the development of a flower bract (PO:0009055). POC:curators primordio de la br&#225ctea (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 苞原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A bract primordium (PO:0025128) is committed to the development of a flower bract (PO:0009034). rwalls 2012-05-07T08:15:32Z PO_GIT:466 flower bract primordia (exact, plural) portion of flower bract primordium tissue (exact) primordio de la br&#225ctea floral (Spanish, exact) 花苞（葉）原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025488 flower bract primordium A bract primordium (PO:0025128) is committed to the development of a flower bract (PO:0009034). POC:Ramona_Walls primordio de la br&#225ctea floral (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花苞（葉）原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A bract primordium (PO:0025128) is committed to the development of an inflorescence bract (PO:0009054). rwalls 2012-05-07T08:15:32Z PO_GIT:466 inflorescence bract primordia (exact, plural) primordio de la br&#225ctea de la inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) 花序苞原基 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy portion of inflorescence bract primordium tissue (related) PO:0025489 inflorescence bract primordium A bract primordium (PO:0025128) is committed to the development of an inflorescence bract (PO:0009054). POC:Ramona_Walls primordio de la br&#225ctea de la inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花序苞原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant structure (PO:0009011) that has as parts two or more portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007) of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single structural unit demarcated by primarily bona-fide boundaries from other structural units of different types. Laurel_Cooper 2012-06-11T14:57:00Z PO_GIT:480 estructura vegetal con m&#250ltiples tejidos (Spanish, exact) 複数の組織からなる植物構造 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025496 Most multi-tissue plant structures have at least a small connection to other plant structures via a fiat boundary, such as where a leaf (PO:0025034) connects to a shoot axis (PO:0025029), a petal (PO:0009032) connects to a receptacle (PO:0009064), or a branch (PO:0025073) connects to a stem (PO:0009047). multi-tissue plant structure A plant structure (PO:0009011) that has as parts two or more portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007) of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single structural unit demarcated by primarily bona-fide boundaries from other structural units of different types. CARO:0000055 POC:curators estructura vegetal con m&#250ltiples tejidos (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 複数の組織からなる植物構造 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003) and includes two or more adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) or adjacent cardinal organ parts (PO:0025001), along with any associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007). Laurel_Cooper 2012-06-11T15:09:20Z PO_GIT:479 estructura vegetal colectiva (Spanish, exact) 集合的植物構造 (Japanese, exact) plant_anatomy PO:0025497 This is a parent term to describe both collective organ part structure (PO:0025269) (e.g. septum), as well as collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) (which was formerly named collective plant structure), for example shoot system (PO:0009006). collective plant structure A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003) and includes two or more adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) or adjacent cardinal organ parts (PO:0025001), along with any associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007). POC:curators estructura vegetal colectiva (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 集合的植物構造 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A fruit development stage (PO:0001002) during which a single fruit (PO:0009001) participates in the process of fruit ripening (GO:0009835). rwalls 2012-10-06T08:08:16Z PO_GIT:506 plant_structure_development_stage PO:0025502 Succeeds a fruit formation stage (PO:0025501). This stage is to be used for an individual fruit. Fruit ripening (GO:0009835) is defined as: an aging process that has as participant a fruit. Ripening causes changes in one or more characteristics of a fruit (color, aroma, flavor, texture, hardness, cell wall structure) and may make it more attractive to animals and aid in seed dispersal. For the development stage of a whole plant (PO:0000003), use whole plant fruit ripening stage (PO:0007010). fruit ripening stage A fruit development stage (PO:0001002) during which a single fruit (PO:0009001) participates in the process of fruit ripening (GO:0009835). POC:curators A collective plant organ structure development stage (PO:0025338) that begins with the onset of the plant organ development stage (PO:0025339) and ends with either gametophyte senescent stage (PO:0025343) or sporophyte senescent stage (PO:0007017) or death. Laurel_Cooper 2012-12-13T18:21:19Z PO_GIT:517 plant_structure_development_stage PO:0025527 The shoot system (PO:0009006) develops fron the shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) in the plant embryo (PO:0009009) in vascular plants. In lower plants the gametophore (PO:0030018) arises from a gametophore meristematic apical cell (PO:0030019) in the protonema (PO:0030003). shoot system development stage A collective plant organ structure development stage (PO:0025338) that begins with the onset of the plant organ development stage (PO:0025339) and ends with either gametophyte senescent stage (PO:0025343) or sporophyte senescent stage (PO:0007017) or death. POC:Laurel_Cooper A shoot system development stage (PO:0025527) that has as primary participant a bud (PO:0009006). Laurel_Cooper 2012-12-13T18:29:35Z PO_GIT:517 plant_structure_development_stage PO:0025528 bud development stage A shoot system development stage (PO:0025527) that has as primary participant a bud (PO:0009006). POC:Laurel_Cooper A shoot system development stage (PO:0025527) that has as primary participant a reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082). Laurel_Cooper 2012-12-13T19:01:14Z PO_GIT:517 plant_structure_development_stage PO:0025530 reproductive shoot system development stage A shoot system development stage (PO:0025527) that has as primary participant a reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082). POC:Laurel_Cooper A bud development stage (PO:0025528) during which a bud (PO:0009006) enlarges due to growth of the shoot system (PO:0009006). Laurel_Cooper 2012-12-13T19:15:39Z PO_GIT:517 E-L 2 (exact) plant_structure_development_stage PO:0025531 bud swell stage A bud development stage (PO:0025528) during which a bud (PO:0009006) enlarges due to growth of the shoot system (PO:0009006). POC:Laurel_Cooper A shoot system development stage (PO:0025527) during which a shoot system (PO:0009006) emerges from the bud (PO:0009006). Laurel_Cooper 2012-12-14T11:55:04Z PO_GIT:517 E-L 4 (exact) plant_structure_development_stage PO:0025532 bud burst stage A shoot system development stage (PO:0025527) during which a shoot system (PO:0009006) emerges from the bud (PO:0009006). POC:Laurel_Cooper A leaf development stage (PO:0001050) that occurs during the interval between the onset of the vascular leaf initiation stage (PO:0001051) and the termination of the vascular leaf senescent stage (PO:0001054). brianatkinson 2013-09-06T09:57:58Z PO_GIT:555 plant_structure_development_stage PO:0025570 In some plants, the leaf developmental stages may occur in the same leaf simultaneously. For example, leaves maize (or other grasses) have various zones where stages are occurring along the length of the lamina. vascular leaf development stage A leaf development stage (PO:0001050) that occurs during the interval between the onset of the vascular leaf initiation stage (PO:0001051) and the termination of the vascular leaf senescent stage (PO:0001054). POC:Brian_Atkinson POC:Laurel_Cooper A plant structure development stage (PO:0009012) that has as primary participant a multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496). Laurel_Cooper 2013-09-10T15:02:45Z PO_GIT:492 plant_structure_development_stage PO:0025571 multi-tissue plant structure development stage A plant structure development stage (PO:0009012) that has as primary participant a multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496). POC:Laurel_Cooper A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) that begins with the formation of procambium (PO:0025275) and protoderm (PO:0006210) and ends with the formation and differentiation of the leaf epidermis (PO:0006016) and leaf vascular system (PO:0000036) and all the specialized cells of the vascular leaf. Laurel_Cooper 2013-09-23T17:08:15Z PO_GIT:572 vascular leaf morphogenesis stage (exact) plant_structure_development_stage PO:0025574 vascular leaf differentiation stage A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) that begins with the formation of procambium (PO:0025275) and protoderm (PO:0006210) and ends with the formation and differentiation of the leaf epidermis (PO:0006016) and leaf vascular system (PO:0000036) and all the specialized cells of the vascular leaf. POC:Laurel_Cooper A plant organ development stage (PO:0025339) that has a primary participant a phyllome (PO:0025023). moorel 2013-06-19T13:44:31Z PO_GIT:548 estado de desarrollo del filoma (Spanish, exact) plant_structure_development_stage PO:0025579 phyllome development stage A plant organ development stage (PO:0025339) that has a primary participant a phyllome (PO:0025023). POC:Laura_Moore POC:Laurel_Cooper estado de desarrollo del filoma (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo A flower development stage (PO:0007615) that occurs in an individual flower (PO:000904) during the interval between the onset of a floral organ meristem development stage (PO:0007601) and the onset of a flowering stage (PO:0007616). moorel 2013-06-27T12:02:35Z PO_GIT:550 PO_GIT:604 flower morphogenesis stage (exact) plant_structure_development_stage PO:0025585 During this stage, the process of floral organ development (GO:0048437) occurs. Floral organ development is defined as the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the floral organ over time, from its formation to the mature structure. floral organ formation stage A flower development stage (PO:0007615) that occurs in an individual flower (PO:000904) during the interval between the onset of a floral organ meristem development stage (PO:0007601) and the onset of a flowering stage (PO:0007616). POC:curators A flower development stage (PO:0007615) which begins with the transition of a portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) to a flower meristem (PO:0000229) and ends with the onset of the floral organ formation stage (PO:0025585). moorel 2013-07-09T11:16:11Z PO_GIT:554 plant_structure_development_stage PO:0025588 During this stage, a process occurs involving a vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem (GO:0010228), defined as the process involved in transforming a meristem that produces vegetative structures, such as leaves, into a meristem that produces reproductive structures, such as a flower or an inflorescence. flower meristem transition stage A flower development stage (PO:0007615) which begins with the transition of a portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) to a flower meristem (PO:0000229) and ends with the onset of the floral organ formation stage (PO:0025585). POC:Laurel_Cooper A plant cell (PO:0009002) that is either part of a multicellular whole plant (PO:0000003) 'in vivo' or a unicellular organism 'in natura' (i.e. part of a natural environment). Laurel_Cooper 2014-05-13T16:51:47Z PO_GIT:586 plant_anatomy PO:0025606 A native plant cell is one that is not grown or maintained in vitro, nor part of an in vitro plant structure (PO:0000004). native plant cell A plant cell (PO:0009002) that is either part of a multicellular whole plant (PO:0000003) 'in vivo' or a unicellular organism 'in natura' (i.e. part of a natural environment). POC:Laurel_Cooper A shoot system (PO:0009006) that has as parts only vegetative tissues and organs. Laurel_Cooper 2014-05-20T15:20:24Z PO_GIT:167 PO_GIT:593 plant_anatomy PO:0025607 vegetative shoot system A shoot system (PO:0009006) that has as parts only vegetative tissues and organs. POC:Laurel_Cooper A whole plant development stage (PO:0007033) that has as primary participant a whole plant (PO:0000003) during the interval between fertilization (or apogamy) and death. rwalls 2010-07-15T02:56:11Z PO_GIT:139 PO_GIT:68 fase esporof&#237tica (Spanish, exact) sporophytic development stage (exact) sporophytic phase (exact) sporphyte phase (exact) 胞子体発生過程 (Japanese, exact) plant_structure_development_stage PO:0028002 A whole plant (PO:0000003) in the sporophyte development stage usually has twice the chromosome complement of a plant in the gametophytic phase, but may not in the case of apogamy. Examples of apogamy include both naturally occurring instances (such as sporophytes arising form haploid cells as in bryophytes or ferns) as well as in vitro instances (such as haploid embryo culture or in vitro fusion of non-gamete cells or protoplasts). During the sporophyte development stage, a plant may produce meiospores by meiosis. sporophyte development stage A whole plant development stage (PO:0007033) that has as primary participant a whole plant (PO:0000003) during the interval between fertilization (or apogamy) and death. POC:curators fase esporof&#237tica (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 胞子体発生過程 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki herbaceous plant woody plant perennial plant A 'vegetative shoot system' (PO:0025607) that does not yet have any unfolded true leaves (PPO:0001015). new shoot system new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system new shoot system emerging from ground new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle seedling new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle A PO:'vegetative bud' (PO:0000058) that is participating in a GO:'bud dormancy process' (GO:0097207). dormant leaf bud A PO:'vegetative bud' (PO:0000058) that is not participating in a GO:'bud dormancy process' (GO:0097207). non-dormant leaf bud A 'non-dormant leaf bud' (PPO:0001010) that is in the 'bud swell stage' (PO:0025531). swelling leaf bud A 'non-dormant leaf bud' (PPO:0001010) that is in the 'bud burst stage' (PO:0025532). If a breaking leaf bud is present, it implies that a new shoot system and unfolding true leaf are also present and observable, hence the “subclass of” axiom. breaking leaf bud A 'vascular leaf' (PO:0009025) that is not a 'cotyledon' (PO:0020030). true leaf A 'expanding true leaf' (PPO:0001022) that is in the 'vascular leaf unfolding stage' (PPO:0007005). unfolding true leaf A 'true leaf' (PPO:0001013) that is in the 'vascular leaf expanding unfolded stage' (PPO:0007006) or 'vascular leaf post-expansion stage' (PO:0001053) or 'vascular leaf senescent stage' (PO:0001054). unfolded true leaf A 'unfolded true leaf' (PPO:0001015) that is in the 'vascular leaf expanding unfolded stage' (PPO:0007006) or 'vascular leaf post-expansion stage' (PO:0001053). non-senescing unfolded true leaf A 'unfolded true leaf' (PPO:0001015) that is in the 'vascular leaf senescent stage' (PO:0001054). senescing true leaf A 'non-senescing unfolded true leaf' (PPO:0001016) that is in the 'vascular leaf expanding unfolded stage' (PPO:0007006) or 'vascular leaf expanded immature stage' (PPO:0007007). immature unfolded true leaf A 'non-senescing unfolded true leaf' (PPO:0001016) that is in the 'vascular leaf mature stage' (PPO:0007008). mature true leaf A 'expanding true leaf' (PPO:0001022) that is in the 'vascular leaf expanding unfolded stage' (PPO:0007006). expanding unfolded true leaf A 'immature unfolded true leaf' (PPO:0001018) that is in the 'vascular leaf expanded immature stage' (PPO:0007007). expanded immature true leaf A 'true leaf' (PPO:0001013) that is in the 'vascular leaf expansion stage' (PO:0001052). expanding true leaf A 'plant structure' (PO:0009011) that is either a 'reproductive shoot system' (PO:0025082) or a 'fruit' (PO:0009001). reproductive structure A 'seed' (PO:0009010) that has participated in a 'seed maturation stage' (PO:0007632). mature seed floral structure non-senesced floral structure unopened floral structure open floral structure pollen-releasing floral structure A 'floral structure' (PPO:0001025) that has completed 'floral organ senescence' (GO:0080187). senesced floral structure A 'flower' (PO:0009046) in which all the petaloid floral organs (PO:0025395) have not completed 'floral organ senescence' (GO:0080187). Petaloid floral organs generally are the petals, sepal, or tepals, but may also be floral bracts or petaloid anthers (PO:0009066). For scoring phenology in grasses, petaloid floral organs can include 'lemma' (PO:0009037), 'palea' (PO:0009038) or 'glume' (PO:0009039), even though a 'glume' (PO:0009039) is not strictly a 'floral organ' (PO:0025395), because it encloses an 'inflorescence' (PO:0009049). non-senesced flower A 'non-senesced flower' (PPO:0001031) that is in the 'unopened flower stage' (PPO:0007009). unopened flower A 'non-senesced flower' (PPO:0001031) that is in the 'open flower stage' (PPO:0007010). open flower An 'open flower' (PPO:0001033) that is in the 'pollen-releasing flower stage' (PPO:0007011). pollen-releasing flower A 'flower' (PO:0009046) in which all of the petaloid floral organs (PO:0025395) have completed 'floral organ senescence' (GO:0080187). Petaloid floral organs generally are the petals, sepal, or tepals, but may also be floral bracts or petaloid anthers (PO:0009066). For scoring phenology in grasses, petaloid floral organs can include 'lemma' (PO:0009037), 'palea' (PO:0009038) or 'glume' (PO:0009039), even though a 'glume' (PO:0009039) is not strictly a 'floral organ' (PO:0025395), because it encloses an 'inflorescence' (PO:0009049). senesced flower An 'inflorescence' (PO:0009049) with at least one 'non-senesced flower' (PPO:0001031). In the case of an 'unopened flower head' (PPO:0001037), the non-senesced flower(s) might not be visible. non-senesced flower head A 'non-senesced flower head' (PPO:0001036) in which all flowers are unopened flowers (PPO:0001032). The unopened flowers might not yet be visible. unopened flower head A 'non-senesced flower head' (PPO:0001036) with at least one 'open flower' (PPO:0001033). open flower head An 'open flower head' (PPO:0001038) with at least one 'pollen-releasing flower' (PPO:0001034). pollen-releasing flower head An 'inflorescence' (PO:0009049) on which there are no remaining non-senesced flowers (PPO:0001031). senesced flower head compound fruit simple fruit or compound fruit A 'simple fruit or compound fruit' (PPO:0001042) that is in the PO:'fruit ripening stage' (PO:0025502). ripening fruit A 'ripening fruit' (PPO:0001043) that is in the 'fruit unripe stage' (PPO:0007012). unripe fruit A 'ripening fruit' (PPO:0001043) that is in the 'fruit ripe stage' (PPO:0007013). ripe fruit A 'microsporangiate strobilus' (PO:0005031) that has not yet completed the 'pollen-releasing strobilus stage' (PPO:0007016). fresh pollen cone A 'fresh pollen cone' (PPO:0001046) that is in the 'open microsporangiate strobilus stage' (PPO:0007015). open pollen cone A 'open pollen cone' (PPO:0001047) that is in the 'pollen-releasing strobilus stage' (PPO:0007016). pollen-releasing pollen cone A 'megasporangiate strobilus' (PO:0005032) that has not yet been abscised and has not yet releases all of its seeds. fresh seed cone A 'fresh seed cone' (PPO:0001049) that is in the 'megasporangiate strobilus ripening stage' (PPO:0007017). ripening seed cone A 'ripening seed cone' (PPO:0001050) that is in the 'megasporangiate strobilus unripe stage' (PPO:0007018). unripe seed cone A 'ripening seed cone' (PPO:0001050) that is in the 'megasporangiate strobilus ripe stage' (PPO:0007019). ripe seed cone A PO:'plant structure' (PO:0009011) that is not a whole organism; i.e. a proper part of a PO:'whole plant' (PO:0000003). Note that a 'portion of a plant' need no longer be physically part of the 'whole plant' from which it originated (e.g., a herbarium specimen). portion of a plant A PATO:'quality' (PATO:0000001) of a 'portion of a plant' (PPO:0001053) or a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that provides phenologically relevant information about the 'portion of a plant' or the 'whole plant'. plant phenological trait A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of some 'plant structure' (PO:0009011) that are part of a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. plant structure presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of some 'plant structure' (PO:0009011) that a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) has abscised or that have been removed from a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. abscised plant structure presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of new shoot systems (PPO:0001003) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. new shoot system presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of new above-ground shoot-borne shoot systems (PPO:0001004) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of new shoot systems emerging from ground (PPO:0001005) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. new shoot system emerging from ground presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of new shoot systems emerging from ground in first growth cycle (PPO:0001006) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by whether or not a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) is a 'seedling' (PPO:0001007). For consistency with other trait measurements, 'seedling presence' is also measured with a count, which must be a binary value: 0 if the plant is a seedling, 1 if it is not. seedling presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of new shoot systems emerging from ground in later growth cycle (PPO:0001008) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of vegetative buds (PO:0000058) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. leaf bud presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of dormant leaf buds (PPO:0001009) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. dormant leaf bud presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of non-dormant leaf buds (PPO:0001010) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. non-dormant leaf bud presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of swelling leaf buds (PPO:0001011) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. swelling leaf bud presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of breaking leaf buds (PPO:0001012) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. breaking leaf bud presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of vascular leaves (PO:0009025) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. vascular leaf presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of true leaves (PPO:0001013) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. true leaf presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of unfolding true leaves (PPO:0001014) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. unfolding true leaf presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of unfolded true leaves (PPO:0001015) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. unfolded true leaf presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of non-senescing unfolded true leaves (PPO:0001016) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. non-senescing unfolded true leaf presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of senescing true leaves (PPO:0001017) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. senescing true leaf presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of immature unfolded true leaves (PPO:0001018) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. immature unfolded true leaf presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of mature true leaves (PPO:0001019) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. mature true leaf presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of expanding unfolded true leaves (PPO:0001020) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. expanding unfolded true leaf presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of expanded immature true leaves (PPO:0001021) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. expanded immature true leaf presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of expanding true leaves (PPO:0001022) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. expanding true leaf presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of reproductive structures (PPO:0001023) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. reproductive structure presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of floral structures (PPO:0001025) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. floral structure presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of non-senesced floral structures (PPO:0001026) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. non-senesced floral structure presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of unopened floral structures (PPO:0001027) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. unopened floral structure presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of open floral structures (PPO:0001028) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. open floral structure presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of pollen-releasing floral structures (PPO:0001029) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. pollen-releasing floral structure presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of senesced floral structures (PPO:0001030) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. senesced floral structure presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of flowers (PO:0009046) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. flower presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of non-senesced flowers (PPO:0001031) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. non-senesced flower presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of unopened flowers (PPO:0001032) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. unopened flower presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of open flowers (PPO:0001033) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. open flower presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of pollen-releasing flowers (PPO:0001034) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. pollen-releasing flower presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of senesced flowers (PPO:0001035) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. senesced flower presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of inflorescences (PO:0009049) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. flower head presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of non-senesced flower heads (PPO:0001036) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. non-senesced flower head presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of unopened flower heads (PPO:0001037) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. unopened flower head presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of open flower heads (PPO:0001038) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. open flower head presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of pollen-releasing flower heads (PPO:0001039) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. pollen-releasing flower head presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of senesced flower heads (PPO:0001040) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. senesced flower head presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of simple fruit or compound fruits (PPO:0001042) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. fruit presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of ripening fruits (PPO:0001043) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. ripening fruit presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of unripe fruits (PPO:0001044) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. unripe fruit presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of ripe fruits (PPO:0001045) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. ripe fruit presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of cones (strobili) (PO:0025083) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. cone presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of pollen cones (PO:0005031) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. pollen cone presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of fresh pollen cones (PPO:0001046) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. fresh pollen cone presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of open pollen cones (PPO:0001047) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. open pollen cone presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of pollen-releasing pollen cones (PPO:0001048) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. pollen-releasing pollen cone presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of seed cones (PO:0005032) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. seed cone presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of fresh seed cones (PPO:0001049) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. fresh seed cone presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of ripening seed cones (PPO:0001050) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. ripening seed cone presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of unripe seed cones (PPO:0001051) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. unripe seed cone presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of ripe seed cones (PPO:0001052) on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003). The number can be 0 or more. ripe seed cone presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of true leaves (PPO:0001013) that a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) has abscised. The number can be 0 or more. abscised leaf presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of a whole plant's ripe fruits (PPO:0001045) that have been abscised or removed by an herbivore and/or the number of ripe fruits on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that have abscised at least one 'mature seed' (PPO:0001024). The number can be 0 or more. abscised fruit or seed presence A 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000) that is measured by the number of a whole plant's ripe seed cones (PPO:0001052) that have been abscised or removed by an herbivore and/or the number of ripe seed cones on a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that have abscised at least one 'mature seed' (PPO:0001024). The number can be 0 or more and only includes the most recent cone crop. abscised cone or seed presence A 'plant structure presence' (PPO:0002001) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one of some 'plant structure' (PO:0009011). plant structures present An 'new shoot system presence' (PPO:0002003) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'new shoot system' (PPO:0001003). new shoot system present A 'new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system presence' (PPO:0002004) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system' (PPO:0001004). new above-ground shoot-borne shoot systems present A 'new shoot system emerging from ground presence' (PPO:0002005) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'new shoot system emerging from ground' (PPO:0001005). new shoot systems emerging from ground present A 'new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle presence' (PPO:0002006) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle' (PPO:0001006). new shoot systems emerging from ground in first growth cycle present A 'seedling presence' (PPO:0002007) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that is a 'seedling' (PPO:0001007). seedling present A 'new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle presence' (PPO:0002008) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle' (PPO:0001008). new shoot systems emerging from ground in later growth cycle present A 'leaf bud presence' (PPO:0002009) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one PO:'vegetative bud' (PO:0000058). leaf buds present A 'dormant leaf bud presence' (PPO:0002010) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'dormant leaf bud' (PPO:0001009). dormant leaf buds present A 'non-dormant leaf bud presence' (PPO:0002011) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'non-dormant leaf bud' (PPO:0001010). non-dormant leaf buds present A 'swelling leaf bud presence' (PPO:0002012) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'swelling leaf bud' (PPO:0001011). swelling leaf buds present A 'breaking leaf bud presence' (PPO:0002013) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'breaking leaf bud' (PPO:0001012). breaking leaf buds present A 'vascular leaf presence' (PPO:0002014) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'vascular leaf' (PO:0009025). vascular leaves present A 'true leaf presence' (PPO:0002015) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'true leaf' (PPO:0001013). true leaves present An 'unfolding true leaf presence' (PPO:0002016) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'unfolding true leaf' (PPO:0001014). unfolding true leaves present An 'unfolded true leaf presence' (PPO:0002017) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'unfolded true leaf' (PPO:0001015). unfolded true leaves present A 'non-senescing unfolded true leaf presence' (PPO:0002018) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'non-senescing unfolded true leaf' (PPO:0001016). non-senescing unfolded true leaves present A 'senescing true leaf presence' (PPO:0002019) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'senescing true leaf' (PPO:0001017). senescing true leaves present An 'immature unfolded true leaf presence' (PPO:0002020) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'immature unfolded true leaf' (PPO:0001018). immature unfolded true leaves present An 'mature true leaf presence' (PPO:0002021) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'mature true leaf' (PPO:0001019). mature true leaves present An 'expanding unfolded true leaf presence' (PPO:0002022) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'expanding unfolded true leaf' (PPO:0001020). expanding unfolded true leaves present An 'expanded immature true leaf presence' (PPO:0002023) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'expanded immature true leaf' (PPO:0001021). expanded immature true leaves present An 'expanding true leaf presence' (PPO:0002024) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'expanding true leaf' (PPO:0001022). expanding true leaves present A 'reproductive structure presence' (PPO:0002025) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'reproductive structure' (PPO:0001023). reproductive structures present A 'floral structure presence' (PPO:0002026) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'floral structure' (PPO:0001025). floral structures present A 'non-senesced floral structure presence' (PPO:0002027) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'non-senesced floral structure' (PPO:0001026). non-senesced floral structures present An 'unopened floral structure presence' (PPO:0002028) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'unopened floral structure' (PPO:0001027). unopened floral structures present An 'open floral structure presence' (PPO:0002029) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'open floral structure' (PPO:0001028). open floral structures present A 'pollen-releasing floral structure presence' (PPO:0002030) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'pollen-releasing floral structure' (PPO:0001029). pollen-releasing floral structures present A 'senesced floral structure presence' (PPO:0002031) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'senesced floral structure' (PPO:0001030). senesced floral structures present A 'flower presence' (PPO:0002032) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one PO:'flower' (PO:0009046). flowers present A 'non-senesced flower presence' (PPO:0002033) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'non-senesced flower' (PPO:0001031). non-senesced flowers present An 'unopened flower presence' (PPO:0002034) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'unopened flower' (PPO:0001032). unopened flowers present An 'open flower presence' (PPO:0002035) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'open flower' (PPO:0001033). open flowers present A 'pollen-releasing flower presence' (PPO:0002036) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'pollen-releasing flower' (PPO:0001034). pollen-releasing flowers present A 'senesced flower presence' (PPO:0002037) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'senesced flower' (PPO:0001035). senesced flowers present A 'flower head presence' (PPO:0002038) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one PO:'inflorescence' (PO:0009049). flower heads present A 'non-senesced flower head presence' (PPO:0002039) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'non-senesced flower head' (PPO:0001036). non-senesced flower heads present An 'unopened flower head presence' (PPO:0002040) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'unopened flower head' (PPO:0001037). unopened flower heads present An 'open flower head presence' (PPO:0002041) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'open flower head' (PPO:0001038). open flower heads present A 'pollen-releasing flower head presence' (PPO:0002042) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'pollen-releasing flower head' (PPO:0001039). pollen-releasing flower heads present A 'senesced flower head presence' (PPO:0002043) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'senesced flower head' (PPO:0001040). senesced flower heads present A 'fruit presence' (PPO:0002044) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'simple fruit or compound fruit' (PPO:0001042). fruits present A 'ripening fruit presence' (PPO:0002045) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'ripening fruit' (PPO:0001043). ripening fruits present An 'unripe fruit presence' (PPO:0002046) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'unripe fruit' (PPO:0001044). unripe fruits present A 'ripe fruit presence' (PPO:0002047) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'ripe fruit' (PPO:0001045). ripe fruits present A 'cone presence' (PPO:0002048) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one cone (PO:0025083). cones present A 'pollen cone presence' (PPO:0002049) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one pollen cone (PO:0005031). pollen cones present A 'fresh pollen cone presence' (PPO:0002050) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'fresh pollen cone' (PPO:0001046). fresh pollen cones present An 'open pollen cone presence' (PPO:0002051) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'open pollen cone' (PPO:0001047). open pollen cones present A 'pollen-releasing pollen cone presence' (PPO:0002052) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'pollen-releasing pollen cone' (PPO:0001048). pollen-releasing pollen cones present A 'seed cone presence' (PPO:0002053) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one PO:'megasporangiate strobilus' (PO:0005032). seed cones present A 'fresh seed cone presence' (PPO:0002054) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'fresh seed cone' (PPO:0001049). fresh seed cones present A 'ripening seed cone presence' (PPO:0002055) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'ripening seed cone' (PPO:0001050). ripening seed cones present An 'unripe seed cone presence' (PPO:0002056) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'unripe seed cone' (PPO:0001051). unripe seed cones present A 'ripe seed cone presence' (PPO:0002057) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that has at least one 'ripe seed cone' (PPO:0001052). ripe seed cones present An 'abscised plant structure presence' (PPO:0002002) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) from which at least one of some 'plant structure' (PO:0009011) has been abscised or removed. abscised plant structures present An 'abscised leaf presence' (PPO:0002058) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) from which at least one 'true leaf' (PPO:0001013) has been 'abscised' (PPO:0000005). abscised leaves present An 'abscised fruit or seed presence' (PPO:0002059) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) from which at least one 'ripe fruit' (PPO:0001045) has been abscised or removed by an herbivore or that has at least one 'ripe fruit' (PPO:0001045) that has abscised at least one 'mature seed' (PPO:0001024). abscised fruits or seeds present An 'abscised cone or seed presence' (PPO:0002060) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) from which at least one 'ripe seed cone' (PPO:0001052) has been abscised or removed by an herbivore or that has at least one ripe seed cone that has 'abscised' (PPO:0000005) at least one 'mature seed' (PPO:0001024). abscised cones or seeds present A 'new shoot system presence' (PPO:0002003) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any new shoot systems (PPO:0001003). new shoot system absent A 'new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system presence' (PPO:0002004) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any new above-ground shoot-borne shoot systems (PPO:0001004). new above-ground shoot-borne shoot systems absent A 'new shoot system emerging from ground presence' (PPO:0002005) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any new shoot systems emerging from ground (PPO:0001005). new shoot systems emerging from ground absent A 'new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle presence' (PPO:0002006) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any new shoot systems emerging from ground in first growth cycle (PPO:0001006). new shoot systems emerging from ground in first growth cycle absent An 'seedling presence' (PPO:0002007) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that is not a 'seedling' (PPO:0001007). seedling absent A 'new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle presence' (PPO:0002008) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any new shoot systems emerging from ground in later growth cycle (PPO:0001008). new shoot systems emerging from ground in later growth cycle absent A 'leaf bud presence' (PPO:0002009) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any vegetative buds (PO:0000058). leaf buds absent A 'dormant leaf bud presence' (PPO:0002010) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any dormant leaf buds (PPO:0001009). dormant leaf buds absent A 'non-dormant leaf bud presence' (PPO:0002011) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any non-dormant leaf buds (PPO:0001010). non-dormant leaf buds absent A 'swelling leaf bud presence' (PPO:0002012) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any swelling leaf buds (PPO:0001011). swelling leaf buds absent A 'breaking leaf bud presence' (PPO:0002013) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any breaking leaf buds (PPO:0001012). breaking leaf buds absent A 'vascular leaf presence' (PPO:0002014) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any vascular leaves (PO:0009025). vascular leaves absent A 'true leaf presence' (PPO:0002015) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any true leaves (PPO:0001013). true leaves absent An 'unfolding true leaf presence' (PPO:0002016) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any unfolding true leaves (PPO:0001014). unfolding true leaves absent An 'unfolded true leaf presence' (PPO:0002017) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any unfolded true leaves (PPO:0001015). unfolded true leaves absent A 'non-senescing unfolded true leaf presence' (PPO:0002018) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any non-senescing unfolded true leaves (PPO:0001016). non-senescing unfolded true leaves absent A 'senescing true leaf presence' (PPO:0002019) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any senescing true leaves (PPO:0001017). senescing true leaves absent An 'immature unfolded true leaf presence' (PPO:0002020) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any immature unfolded true leaves (PPO:0001018). immature unfolded true leaves absent A 'mature true leaf presence' (PPO:0002021) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any mature true leaves (PPO:0001019). mature true leaves absent An 'expanding unfolded true leaf presence' (PPO:0002022) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any expanding unfolded true leaves (PPO:0001020). expanding unfolded true leaves absent An 'expanded immature true leaf presence' (PPO:0002023) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any expanded immature true leaves (PPO:0001021). expanded immature true leaves absent An 'expanding true leaf presence' (PPO:0002024) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any expanding true leaves (PPO:0001022). expanding true leaves absent A 'reproductive structure presence' (PPO:0002025) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any reproductive structures (PPO:0001023). reproductive structures absent A 'floral structure presence' (PPO:0002026) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any floral structures (PPO:0001025). floral structures absent A 'non-senesced floral structure presence' (PPO:0002027) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any non-senesced floral structures (PPO:0001026). non-senesced floral structures absent An 'unopened floral structure presence' (PPO:0002028) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any unopened floral structures (PPO:0001027). unopened floral structures absent An 'open floral structure presence' (PPO:0002029) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any open floral structures (PPO:0001028). open floral structures absent A 'pollen-releasing floral structure presence' (PPO:0002030) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any pollen-releasing floral structures (PPO:0001029). pollen-releasing floral structures absent A 'senesced floral structure presence' (PPO:0002031) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any senesced floral structures (PPO:0001030). senesced floral structures absent A 'flower presence' (PPO:0002032) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any PO:flowers (PO:0009046). flowers absent A 'non-senesced flower presence' (PPO:0002033) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any non-senesced flowers (PPO:0001031). non-senesced flowers absent An 'unopened flower presence' (PPO:0002034) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any unopened flowers (PPO:0001032). unopened flowers absent An 'open flower presence' (PPO:0002035) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any open flowers (PPO:0001033). open flowers absent A 'pollen-releasing flower presence' (PPO:0002036) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any pollen-releasing flowers (PPO:0001034). pollen-releasing flowers absent A 'senesced flower presence' (PPO:0002037) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any senesced flowers (PPO:0001035). senesced flowers absent A 'flower head presence' (PPO:0002038) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any PO:inflorescences (PO:0009049). flower heads absent A 'non-senesced flower head presence' (PPO:0002039) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any non-senesced flower heads (PPO:0001036). non-senesced flower heads absent An 'unopened flower head presence' (PPO:0002040) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any unopened flower heads (PPO:0001037). unopened flower heads absent An 'open flower head presence' (PPO:0002041) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any open flower heads (PPO:0001038). open flower heads absent A 'pollen-releasing flower head presence' (PPO:0002042) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any pollen-releasing flower heads (PPO:0001039). pollen-releasing flower heads absent A 'senesced flower head presence' (PPO:0002043) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any senesced flower heads (PPO:0001040). senesced flower heads absent A 'fruit presence' (PPO:0002044) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any simple fruits or compound fruits (PPO:0001042). fruits absent A 'ripening fruit presence' (PPO:0002045) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any ripening fruits (PPO:0001043). ripening fruits absent An 'unripe fruit presence' (PPO:0002046) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any unripe fruits (PPO:0001044). unripe fruits absent A 'ripe fruit presence' (PPO:0002047) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any ripe fruits (PPO:0001045). ripe fruits absent A 'cone presence' (PPO:0002048) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any cones (PO:0025083). cones absent A 'pollen cone presence' (PPO:0002049) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any pollen cones (PO:0005031). pollen cones absent A 'fresh pollen cone presence' (PPO:0002050) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any fresh pollen cones (PPO:0001046). fresh pollen cones absent An 'open pollen cone presence' (PPO:0002051) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any open pollen cones (PPO:0001047). open pollen cones absent A 'pollen-releasing pollen cone presence' (PPO:0002052) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any pollen-releasing pollen cones (PPO:0001048). pollen-releasing pollen cones absent A 'seed cone presence' (PPO:0002053) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any seed cones (PO:0005032). seed cones absent A 'fresh seed cone presence' (PPO:0002054) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any fresh seed cones (PPO:0001049). fresh seed cones absent A 'ripening seed cone presence' (PPO:0002055) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any ripening seed cones (PPO:0001050). ripening seed cones absent An 'unripe seed cone presence' (PPO:0002056) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any unripe seed cones (PPO:0001051). unripe seed cones absent A 'ripe seed cone presence' (PPO:0002057) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) that does not have any ripe seed cones (PPO:0001052). ripe seed cones absent An 'abscised plant structure presence' (PPO:0002002) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) from which none of some 'plant structure' (PO:0009011) have been abscised or removed. abscised plant structures absent An 'abscised leaf presence' (PPO:0002058) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) from which no true leaves (PPO:0001013) have been 'abscised' (PPO:0000005). abscised leaves absent An 'abscised fruit or seed presence' (PPO:0002059) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) from which no ripe fruits (PPO:0001045) have been abscised or removed by herbivores and that does not have any ripe fruits that have 'abscised' (PPO:0000005) any mature seeds (PPO:0001024). abscised fruits or seeds absent An 'abscised cone or seed presence' (PPO:0002060) trait that is a 'quality of' (RO:0000080) a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) from which no ripe seed cones (PPO:0001052) have been abscised or removed by herbivores and that does not have any ripe seed cones that have 'abscised' (PPO:0000005) any mature seeds (PPO:0001024). abscised cones or seeds absent A 'whole plant development stage' (PO:0007033) that begins with 'seed germination' (GO:0009845) or 'exit from dormancy' (GO:0097438), ends with death or 'entry into dormancy' (GO:0097436), and during which the participant plant is not dormant. This class is not intended to apply to in vitro-grown plants such as tissue culture, where growth can begin with cell division. plant growth cycle A 'plant growth cycle' (PPO:0007000) that begins with 'seed germination' (GO:0009845). initial growth cycle A 'plant growth cycle' (PPO:0007000) that begins with 'exit from dormancy' (GO:0097438) of the participating plant. This cycle cannot begin with the exit from dormancy of a 'seed' (PO:0009010). later growth cycle plant regreening process An 'observing process' (BCO:0000003) that has as input a 'portion of a plant' (PPO:0001053) or a 'whole plant' (PO:0000003) and has as output a 'measurement datum' (IAO:0000109) that is a 'quality measurement of' (PPO:0000007) some 'plant phenological trait' (PPO:0002000). phenology observing process A 'vascular leaf expansion stage' (PO:0001052) during which a 'vascular leaf' (PO:0009025) participates in the process of unfolding. This stage ends when a leaf is considered unfolded, which varies by species, but generally occurs once the leaf blade has unfolded enough to appear more or less like a small version of the adult leaf. For species with scaled buds, this is generally once the entire leaf blade has emerged from a breaking bud for conifers, once a needle begins to spread away at an angle from the developing stem or from other needles in a bundle (e.g. pines) for grasses, once the leaf blade unrolls slightly from around the stem and begins to fall away at an angle for rushes, once the exposed, green portion of the leaf has reached a specified length. for sedges, once the leaf has grown long enough that the two halves of the blade have begun to spread apart like an open book vascular leaf unfolding stage A 'vascular leaf expansion stage' (PO:0001052) during which a 'vascular leaf' (PO:0009025) has completed the process of unfolding but is still expanding in size. This stage begins when a leaf is considered unfolded, which varies by species, but generally occurs once the leaf blade has unfolded enough to appear more or less like a small version of the adult leaf. For species with scaled buds, this is generally once the entire leaf blade has emerged from a breaking bud for conifers, once a needle begins to spread away at an angle from the developing stem or from other needles in a bundle (e.g. pines) for grasses, once the leaf blade unrolls slightly from around the stem and begins to fall away at an angle for rushes, once the exposed, green portion of the leaf has reached a specified length. for sedges, once the leaf has grown long enough that the two halves of the blade have begun to spread apart like an open book vascular leaf expanding unfolded stage In this stage, the leaf is fully expanded but not yet the same color and texture as fully mature leaves. vascular leaf expanded immature stage vascular leaf mature stage unopened flower stage open flower stage pollen-releasing flower stage A 'fruit ripening stage' (PO:0025502) in which the 'ripening fruit' (PPO:0001043) has not yet reached the 'fruit ripe stage' (PPO:0007013). fruit unripe stage A 'fruit ripening stage' (PO:0025502) in which the 'ripening fruit' (PPO:0001043) has completed ripening to the taxon-specific point at which it is widely considered by botanical experts to have seeds (PO:0009010) that are developed enough to be ready for dispersal, or, in the case of agricultural crops, the point at which the 'fruit' (PO:0009001) is considered palatable for human consumption. fruit ripe stage strobilus development stage open microsporangiate strobilus stage pollen-releasing strobilus stage megasporangiate strobilus ripening stage A 'megasporangiate strobilus ripening stage' (PPO:0007017) in which the 'ripening seed cone' (PPO:0001050) has not yet reached the 'megasporangiate strobilus ripe stage' (PPO:0007019). megasporangiate strobilus unripe stage A 'megasporangiate strobilus ripening stage' (PPO:0007017) in which the 'ripening seed cone' (PPO:0001050) has completed ripening to the taxon-specific point at which it is widely considered by botanical experts to have seeds (PO:0009010) that are developed enough to be ready for dispersal. megasporangiate strobilus ripe stage An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts and always involves and depends on some entity. uberon UBERON:0000000 processual entity An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts and always involves and depends on some entity. span:ProcessualEntity End of the life of an organism. ncit:Death is an outcome XAO:0000437 XtroDO:0000085 uberon death UBERON:0000071 death stage End of the life of an organism. XAO:0000437 ncit:Death is an outcome ncit A spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism. this class represents a proper part of the life cycle of an organism. The class 'life cycle' should not be placed here the WBls class 'all stages' belongs here as it is the superclass of other WBls stages we map the ZFS unknown stage here as it is logically equivalent to saying *some* life cycle stage BILS:0000105 EFO:0000399 FBdv:00007012 FMA:24120 HsapDv:0000000 MmusDv:0000000 OlatDv:0000010 PdumDv:0000090 WBls:0000002 XAO:1000000 ZFS:0000000 ZFS:0100000 ncithesaurus:Developmental_Stage developmental stage stage uberon UBERON:0000105 life cycle stage A spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism. event Examples: A specimen collection process. A machine observation. 2008-11-19 2014-10-23 DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering recommended An action that occurs at some location during some time. Event example to be eventually removed The term was used in an attempt to structure part of the ontology but in retrospect failed to do a good job Person:Alan Ruttenberg failed exploratory term Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete. metadata complete term created to ease viewing/sort terms for development purpose, and will not be included in a release organizational term Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release." ready for release Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors. metadata incomplete Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term. uncurated All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the term editor. pending final vetting Core is an instance of a grouping of terms from an ontology or ontologies. It is used by the ontology to identify main classes. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Melanie Courtot core placeholder removed An editor note should explain what were the merged terms and the reason for the merge. terms merged This is to be used when the original term has been replaced by a term imported from an other ontology. An editor note should indicate what is the URI of the new term to use. term imported This is to be used when a term has been split in two or more new terms. An editor note should indicate the reason for the split and indicate the URIs of the new terms created. term split Hard to give a definition for. Intuitively a "natural kind" rather than a collection of any old things, which a class is able to be, formally. At the meta level, universals are defined as positives, are disjoint with their siblings, have single asserted parents. Alan Ruttenberg A Formal Theory of Substances, Qualities, and Universals, http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bfo/SQU.pdf universal A defined class is a class that is defined by a set of logically necessary and sufficient conditions but is not a universal "definitions", in some readings, always are given by necessary and sufficient conditions. So one must be careful (and this is difficult sometimes) to distinguish between defined classes and universal. Alan Ruttenberg defined class A named class expression is a logical expression that is given a name. The name can be used in place of the expression. named class expressions are used in order to have more concise logical definition but their extensions may not be interesting classes on their own. In languages such as OWL, with no provisions for macros, these show up as actuall classes. Tools may with to not show them as such, and to replace uses of the macros with their expansions Alan Ruttenberg named class expression Terms with this status should eventually replaced with a term from another ontology. Alan Ruttenberg group:OBI to be replaced with external ontology term A term that is metadata complete, has been reviewed, and problems have been identified that require discussion before release. Such a term requires editor note(s) to identify the outstanding issues. Alan Ruttenberg group:OBI requires discussion 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0