An ontology that defines plant phenological classes and is used to run the plantphenology.org data portal. Reuses terms from PO and PATO where possible. Plant Phenology Ontology 2025-06-16 The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. definition A label for a class or property that can be used to refer to the class or property instead of the preferred rdfs:label. Alternative labels should be used to indicate community- or context-specific labels, abbreviations, shorthand forms and the like. Consider re-defing to: An alternative name for a class or property which can mean the same thing as the preferred name (semantically equivalent, narrow, broad or related). alternative label has axiom label The NPN phenophase name that means the same thing as the PPO phenological stage name. USA-NPN term The BBCH code that means the same thing as the PPO phenological stage name. BBCH code A label that is preferred by Phenobase users instead of rdfs:label. phenobase preferred label description license title a core relation that holds between a part and its whole part of part of a core relation that holds between a whole and its part has part has part x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. preceded by x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. precedes A (currently) primitive relation that relates an information artifact to an entity. is about The inverse property of is specified input of has specified input A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process that is not created during the process. The presence of the continuant during the process is explicitly specified in the plan specification which the process realizes the concretization of. is specified input of The inverse property of is specified output of has specified output A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process. The presence of the continuant at the end of the process is explicitly specified in the objective specification which the process realizes the concretization of. is specified output of A relationship between two plant structures p and q such that p 'abscised' q indicates that plant structure q was formerly a part of p and that q was removed from p due to some abscission process. abscised A relationship between two plant structures p and q such that q 'abscised from' p indicates that plant structure q was formerly a part of p and that q was removed from p due to some abscission process. abscised from Relates an IAO:data item to a PATO:quality. This is similar to IAO:'is quality measurement of', but the IAO property uses BFO:'quality' for its range, and we use PATO:'quality'. quality datum of Relates a PATO:quality to an IAO:data item. has quality datum depends on structure has visible part visible part of A relationship between one data item that is the output of a phenology observing process and another data item. generated from A relationship that indicates the object was part of the subject at some point in time, but might no longer be so. is or was part of TRUE a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the characteristic) and any other entity (the bearer), in which the characteristic depends on the bearer for its existence. inheres_in Note that this relation was previously called "inheres in", but was changed to be called "characteristic of" because BFO2 uses "inheres in" in a more restricted fashion. This relation differs from BFO2:inheres_in in two respects: (1) it does not impose a range constraint, and thus it allows qualities of processes, as well as of information entities, whereas BFO2 restricts inheres_in to only apply to independent continuants (2) it is declared functional, i.e. something can only be a characteristic of one thing. characteristic of Inverse of characteristic_of bearer_of is bearer of has characteristic has characteristic a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process participates_in participates in a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process has_participant has participant has participant a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence is quality of quality_of This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020. quality of a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence has_quality has quality X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X) ends after x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y overlaps x develops from y if and only if either (a) x directly develops from y or (b) there exists some z such that x directly develops from z and z develops from y This is the transitive form of the develops from relation develops from A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations. temporally related to inverse of starts with starts x starts with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: α(y) = α(x) ∧ ω(y) < ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. started by starts with x has developmental contribution from y iff x has some part z such that z develops from y has developmental contribution from Candidate definition: x developmentally related to y if and only if there exists some developmental process (GO:0032502) p such that x and y both participates in p, and x is the output of p and y is the input of p This relation groups together various other developmental relations. It is fairly generic, encompassing induction, developmental contribution and direct and transitive develops from developmentally preceded by q characteristic of part of w if and only if there exists some p such that q inheres in p and p part of w. inheres in part of characteristic of part of A mereological relationship or a topological relationship mereotopologically related to A relationship that holds between entities participating in some developmental process (GO:0032502) developmentally related to depends on A relationship between a data item and the inclusive lower endpoint of a non-negative integer range that contains the datum's value. lower count A relationship between a data item and the inclusive upper endpoint of a non-negative integer range that contains the datum's value. upper count A relationship between a data item and the inclusive lower endpoint of a real number range within [0.0,100.0] that contains the datum's value. lower percent A relationship between a data item and the inclusive upper endpoint of a real number range within [0.0,100.0] that contains the datum's value. upper percent entity An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. continuant An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. occurrent b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) independent continuant b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) spatiotemporal region p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) process p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) characteristic specifically dependent continuant b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) generically dependent continuant b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. material entity A developmental process in which a progressive change in the state of some part of an organism, germline or somatic, specifically contributes to its ability to form offspring. puberty reproductive developmental process developmental process involved in reproduction A developmental process in which a progressive change in the state of some part of an organism, germline or somatic, specifically contributes to its ability to form offspring. GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete puberty GOC:dph reproductive developmental process GOC:dph GOC:tb The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). Note that this term was 'developmental process'. multicellular organism development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). GOC:dph GOC:ems GOC:isa_complete GOC:tb A biological process is the execution of a genetically-encoded biological module or program. It consists of all the steps required to achieve the specific biological objective of the module. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence. A process that emerges from two or more causally-connected macromolecular activities and has evolved to achieve a biological objective. Wikipedia:Biological_process biological process physiological process single organism process single-organism process Note that, in addition to forming the root of the biological process ontology, this term is recommended for the annotation of gene products whose biological process is unknown. When this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the biological process of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code 'no data' (ND), is used to indicate this. biological process biological_process A biological process is the execution of a genetically-encoded biological module or program. It consists of all the steps required to achieve the specific biological objective of the module. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence. GOC:pdt Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electromagnetic radiation stimulus. Electromagnetic radiation is a propagating wave in space with electric and magnetic components. These components oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation. response to electromagnetic radiation stimulus response to radiation stimulus Note that 'radiation' refers to electromagnetic radiation of any wavelength. response to radiation Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electromagnetic radiation stimulus. Electromagnetic radiation is a propagating wave in space with electric and magnetic components. These components oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation. GOC:jl Wikipedia:Electromagnetic_radiation Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light. response to light stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light. GOC:go_curators ISBN:0582227089 Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (not derived from living organisms) stimulus. response to abiotic stress Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. response to abiotic stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (not derived from living organisms) stimulus. GOC:hb The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. See embryonic development. post-embryonic development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. See embryonic development. GOC:go_curators The controlled shedding of a body part. Wikipedia:Abscission abscission The controlled shedding of a body part. ISBN:0140514031 The physiological and developmental changes that occur in a seed commencing with water uptake (imbibition) and terminating with the elongation of the embryonic axis. Wikipedia:Germination#Seed_germination seed germination The physiological and developmental changes that occur in a seed commencing with water uptake (imbibition) and terminating with the elongation of the embryonic axis. PMID:8281041 The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the flower over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The flower is the reproductive structure in a plant, and its development begins with the transition of the vegetative or inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem. flower development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the flower over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The flower is the reproductive structure in a plant, and its development begins with the transition of the vegetative or inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem. GOC:tb ISBN:0879015322 Protection mechanism used by plants and cyanobacteria under conditions of excess energy absorption as a consequence of the light reactions of photosynthesis. photoprotection Protection mechanism used by plants and cyanobacteria under conditions of excess energy absorption as a consequence of the light reactions of photosynthesis. PMID:30765616 A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. Wikipedia:Reproduction single organism reproductive process reproductive process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete A developmental process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken. Dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. multicellular organism dormancy process spore dormancy process In plants and animals, dormancy may be a response to environmental conditions such as seasonality or extreme heat, drought, or cold. In plants, dormancy may involve the formation of dormant buds, and may be preceded by the senescence of plant parts such as leaves in woody plants or most of the shoot system in herbaceous perennials. The exit from dormancy in vascular plants is marked by resumed growth of buds and/or growth of vascular cambium. dormancy process A developmental process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken. Dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. GOC:PO_curators GOC:isa_complete PO_REF:00009 spore dormancy process GOC:PO_curators Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function. organismal physiological process single-multicellular organism process Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. multicellular organismal process Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function. GOC:curators GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete GOC:tb A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition. development single-organism developmental process developmental process A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition. GOC:isa_complete The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the shoot system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. shoot development shoot system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the shoot system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. GOC:go_curators The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the floral organ over time, from its formation to the mature structure. floral organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the floral organ over time, from its formation to the mature structure. GOC:PO_curators GOC:go_curators PO:0025395 The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of somatic structures that will be used in the process of creating new individuals from one or more parents, from their formation to the mature structures. reproductive structure development The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of somatic structures that will be used in the process of creating new individuals from one or more parents, from their formation to the mature structures. GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete GOC:jid The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organismal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a given biological process. system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organismal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a given biological process. GOC:dph GOC:jid The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. development of an anatomical structure anatomical structure development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. GO_REF:0000021 Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. physiological response to stimulus Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. GOC:ai GOC:bf The controlled shedding of a leaf. leaf abscission The controlled shedding of a leaf. GOC:dph GOC:sdb_2009 GOC:tb The progression of the reproductive system over time from its formation to the mature structure. The reproductive system consists of the organs that function in reproduction. reproductive system development The progression of the reproductive system over time from its formation to the mature structure. The reproductive system consists of the organs that function in reproduction. GOC:dph The last stage of flower development during which programmed degradation of macromolecules and nutrient recycling take place. Includes senescence of petals, sepals, anthers, and any other plant organ that is part of a flower. Floral organ senescence may follow pollination. In some flowers, the organs of the corolla abscise before they senesce. floral organ senescence The last stage of flower development during which programmed degradation of macromolecules and nutrient recycling take place. PMID:19380421 PMID:21689171 The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the seedling over time, beginning with seed germination and ending when the first adult leaves emerge. PO:0008037 seedling development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the seedling over time, beginning with seed germination and ending when the first adult leaves emerge. GOC:tb PO:0007131 The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a reproductive shoot system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. reproductive shoot system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a reproductive shoot system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. GOC:pj A plant organ developmental process during which a plant dismantles cellular components to reclaim the cellular building blocks and nutrients that have been deposited in the plant organs during growth. plant organ senescence A plant organ developmental process during which a plant dismantles cellular components to reclaim the cellular building blocks and nutrients that have been deposited in the plant organs during growth. GOC:tb PMID:17177638 PMID:34938309 A dormancy process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken in a bud. Bud dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. It may be a response to environmental conditions such as seasonality or extreme heat, drought, or cold. The exit from bud dormancy is marked by the resumed growth of the bud. bud dormancy Bud dormancy may precede dormancy of the whole plant. bud dormancy process A dormancy process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken in a bud. Bud dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. It may be a response to environmental conditions such as seasonality or extreme heat, drought, or cold. The exit from bud dormancy is marked by the resumed growth of the bud. GOC:PO_curators PO_REF:00009 The dormancy process that results in entry into dormancy. Dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. induction of dormancy entry into dormancy The dormancy process that results in entry into dormancy. Dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. GOC:PO_curators PO_REF:00009 The dormancy process that results in exit from dormancy. Dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. release from dormancy exit from dormancy The dormancy process that results in exit from dormancy. Dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. GOC:PO_curators PO_REF:00009 Development of a plant organ, a multi-tissue plant structure that forms a functional unit. development of a plant organ plant organ development Development of a plant organ, a multi-tissue plant structure that forms a functional unit. GOC:dos An information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements. data data item A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing. information content entity A measurement datum is an information content entity that is a recording of the output of a measurement such as produced by a device. measurement datum A process that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification. planned process A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities quality A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities PATOC:GVG A plant structure (PO:0005679) which is a whole organism. genet (broad) ramet (broad) FNA:4b610104-1bb0-4c6b-9bb9-e3cc61d11ac0 FNA:99508f62-7116-4e2b-90c0-19ff55ebd967 FNA:ba1b1bd5-75bd-4195-b11c-3aba08da08c2 FNA:c1ccca7d-2a98-4a9d-8603-c34b551935e0 FNA:e4dde193-57f7-4ab9-9d25-96b4ca0088ba FNA:ec8c2064-2a67-43d7-8e14-aecfef5cf33b FNA:f8f31520-e4bc-4430-9274-8dd3cee7ffd8 PO_GIT:538 PO_GIT:69 planta entera (Spanish, exact) 植物体全体 (Japanese, exact) bush (narrow) frutex (narrow) frutices (narrow, plural) gametophyte (narrow) herb (narrow) liana (narrow) prothalli (narrow, plural) prothallium (narrow) prothallus (narrow) shrub (narrow) sporophyte (narrow) suffrutex (narrow) suffrutices (narrow, plural) tree (narrow) vine (narrow) woody clump (narrow) clonal colony (related) colony (related) Examples include plant embryo (PO:0009009), megagametophyte (PO:0025279) and microgametophyte (PO:0025280). whole plant A plant structure (PO:0005679) which is a whole organism. POC:curators planta entera (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物体全体 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki frutex (narrow) FNA:e4dde193-57f7-4ab9-9d25-96b4ca0088ba frutices (narrow, plural) FNA:ec8c2064-2a67-43d7-8e14-aecfef5cf33b prothalli (narrow, plural) FNA:4b610104-1bb0-4c6b-9bb9-e3cc61d11ac0 prothallus (narrow) FNA:f8f31520-e4bc-4430-9274-8dd3cee7ffd8 suffrutex (narrow) FNA:99508f62-7116-4e2b-90c0-19ff55ebd967 suffrutices (narrow, plural) FNA:ba1b1bd5-75bd-4195-b11c-3aba08da08c2 woody clump (narrow) FNA:c1ccca7d-2a98-4a9d-8603-c34b551935e0 A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a cotyledon anlagen (PO:0025432) and is part of a vegetative shoot apex (PO:0025223) and is committed to the development of a cotyledon (PO:0020030). PO_GIT:466 cotyledon primordia (exact, plural) portion of cotyledon primordium tissue (exact) primordio de cotiled&#243n (Spanish, exact) 子葉原基（可視的）(Japanese, exact) cotyledon primordium A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a cotyledon anlagen (PO:0025432) and is part of a vegetative shoot apex (PO:0025223) and is committed to the development of a cotyledon (PO:0020030). POC:curators cotyledon primordia (exact, plural) primordio de cotiled&#243n (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 子葉原基（可視的）(Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a vascular leaf anlagen (PO:0025431) and is part of a vegetative shoot apex (PO:0025223) and is committed to the development of a vascular leaf (PO:0009025). PO_GIT:466 leaf primordium (exact) portion of vascular leaf primordium tissue (exact) primordio de hoja (Spanish, exact) vascular leaf primordia (exact, plural) 葉原基 (Japanese, exact) vascular leaf primordium A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a vascular leaf anlagen (PO:0025431) and is part of a vegetative shoot apex (PO:0025223) and is committed to the development of a vascular leaf (PO:0009025). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators primordio de hoja (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo vascular leaf primordia (exact, plural) 葉原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an ovule (PO:0020003). PO_GIT:465 portion of ovule primordium tissue (exact) primordio de &#243vulo (Spanish, exact) 胚珠原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) The transition from ovule primordium to ovule occurs when an integument (PO:0020021) begins to develop from the protoderm (PO:0006210). ovule primordium primordio de &#243vulo (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 胚珠原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an ovule (PO:0020003). ISBN:0471245208 POC:curators A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of a gynoecium (PO:0009062). PO_GIT:465 pistil primordium (exact) portion of gynoecium primordium tissue (exact) primordio de gineceo (Spanish, exact) 雌蕊原基(可視的） (Japanese, exact) Use carpel primordium (PO:0004703) for the primordium (PO:0025127) of an individual carpel (PO:0009030). gynoecium primordium A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of a gynoecium (PO:0009062). POC:curators primordio de gineceo (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 雌蕊原基(可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A shoot axis (PO:0025029) that is the most distal part of a shoot system (PO:0009006) and has as parts a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) and the youngest primordia (PO:0025127). PO_GIT:234 &#225pice del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) シュート頂、茎頂 (Japanese, exact) shoot axis apex A shoot axis (PO:0025029) that is the most distal part of a shoot system (PO:0009006) and has as parts a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) and the youngest primordia (PO:0025127). POC:curators &#225pice del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo シュート頂、茎頂 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki An undeveloped shoot system (PO:0009006). FNA:0eed275a-5dae-414a-bf36-81a08e6c6ba9 PO_GIT:124 yema (Spanish, exact) 芽 (Japanese, exact) adventitious bud (narrow) bud An undeveloped shoot system (PO:0009006). POC:curators yema (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 芽 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki adventitious bud (narrow) FNA:0eed275a-5dae-414a-bf36-81a08e6c6ba9 A bud that develops into a flower. PO_GIT:124 floral bud (exact) yema floral (Spanish, exact) 花芽 (Japanese, exact) flower bud A bud that develops into a flower. POC:curators yema floral (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花芽 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A bud that develops into an inflorescence. PO_GIT:124 PO_GIT:259 yema de inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) 花序芽 (Japanese, exact) male bud (narrow) inflorescence bud A bud that develops into an inflorescence. POC:curators yema de inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花序芽 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki male bud (narrow) CO_125:0000049 A bud (PO:0000055) that develops into a vegetative shoot system (PO:0025607). PO_GIT:124 PO_GIT:463 yema vegetativa (Spanish, exact) 枝芽 (Japanese, exact) vegetative bud A bud (PO:0000055) that develops into a vegetative shoot system (PO:0025607). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators yema vegetativa (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 枝芽 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) which is the organogenic region of the meristem, characterized by higher rates of cell division. zona perif&#233rica (Spanish, exact) 周辺帯 (Japanese, exact) peripheral meristem (related) peripheral zone A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) which is the organogenic region of the meristem, characterized by higher rates of cell division. ISBN:0521288959 TAIR_curator:Leonore_Reiser zona perif&#233rica (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 周辺帯 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A portion of reproductive shoot apical meristem tissue (PO:0008028) that gives rise to the floral organs (PO:0025395). floral meristem (exact) mersitema floral (Spanish, exact) 花芽分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) Poaceae floret meristem (narrow) ear floret meristem (narrow) floret meristem (narrow) tassel floret meristem (narrow) floral apical meristem (related) In Zea mays and other grasses, the floret meristem is part of a spikelet and develops into a specific type of floret. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the spikelet type that the meristem is part of. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet (PO:0009051), ear spikelet (PO:0006320), ear pedicellate spikelet (PO:0006348), ear sessile spikelet (PO:0006349), tassel spikelet (PO:0006309), tassel pedicellate spikelet (PO:0006312), tassel sessile spikelet (PO:0006311). flower meristem A portion of reproductive shoot apical meristem tissue (PO:0008028) that gives rise to the floral organs (PO:0025395). Gramene:Pankaj_Jaiswal POC:curators mersitema floral (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花芽分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A multi-tissue plant structure development stage (PO:0025571) that has as primary participant a single fruit (PO:0009001). PMID:2152125 PO_GIT:501 stage 17 flower in Arabidopsis (related) stage 18 flower in Arabidopsis (related) stage 19 flower in Arabidopsis (related) stage 20 flower in Arabidopsis (related) Defined by characteristic morphological, structural, histological or other visible features of a fruit. Includes as subclasses fruit formation stage (PO:0025501) and fruit ripening stage (PO:0025502). May have as part a seed development stage (PO:0001170). This stage applies to an individual fruit. For development stages of a whole plant (PO:0000003) based on fruit development, use whole plant fruit development stage (PO:0025500) or its subclasses. fruit development stage A multi-tissue plant structure development stage (PO:0025571) that has as primary participant a single fruit (PO:0009001). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators stage 17 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 stage 18 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 stage 19 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 stage 20 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 A phyllome development stage (PO:0025579) during which the development of vascular leaves (PO:0009025) and non-vascular leaves (PO:0025075) occurs. GRO:0007138 PO_GIT:555 leaf development (related) leaf development in Arabidopsis (related) leaf development stage A phyllome development stage (PO:0025579) during which the development of vascular leaves (PO:0009025) and non-vascular leaves (PO:0025075) occurs. POC:Brian_Atkinson POC:curators TAIR_curator:Tanya_Berardini leaf development (related) GRO:0007138 A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) which begins with the onset of the vascular leaf anlagen formation stage (PO:0001003) and ends with the termination of the vascular leaf primordium polarity determination stage (PO:0001052). PO_GIT:556 leaf initiation in Arabidopsis (related) Localized cell divisions in the peripheral zone (PO:0000225) transition from anticlinal to periclinal divisions. vascular leaf initiation stage A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) which begins with the onset of the vascular leaf anlagen formation stage (PO:0001003) and ends with the termination of the vascular leaf primordium polarity determination stage (PO:0001052). PMID:9254931 POC:Brian_Atkinson POC:Laurel_Cooper A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) during which vascular leaf size increases primarily through cell expansion. PO_GIT:557 leaf expansion stage in Arabidopsis (related) During this stage leaf shaping (GO:0010358) occurs which is defined as the developmental process that pertains to the organization of a leaf in three-dimensional space once the structure has initially formed. vascular leaf expansion stage A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) during which vascular leaf size increases primarily through cell expansion. POC:Brian_Atkinson POC:Laurel_Cooper TAIR_curator:Katica_Ilic A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) that begins when the vascular leaf (PO:0009025) is fully expanded and ends with the onset of the vascular leaf senescence stage (PO:0001054). GRO:0007167 PO_GIT:558 fully expanded leaf stage in Arabidopsis (related) leaf stage PX (related) vascular leaf post-expansion stage A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) that begins when the vascular leaf (PO:0009025) is fully expanded and ends with the onset of the vascular leaf senescence stage (PO:0001054). POC:Brian_Atkinson TAIR_curator:Katica_Ilic leaf stage PX (related) GRO:0007167 A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) that begins with the formation of a abscission zone at the base of a vascular leaf (PO:0009025) and ends with leaf separation and death. PO_GIT:559 leaf senescence stage in Arabidopsis (related) vascular leaf senescent stage A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) that begins with the formation of a abscission zone at the base of a vascular leaf (PO:0009025) and ends with leaf separation and death. POC:Brian_Atkinson POC:Laurel_Cooper TAIR_curator:Tanya_Berardini A reproductive shoot system development stage (PO:0025530) that has as primary participant a inflorescence (PO:0009049). GRO:0007157 PO_GIT:517 panicle development (related) inflorescence development stage A reproductive shoot system development stage (PO:0025530) that has as primary participant a inflorescence (PO:0009049). POC:Laurel_Cooper panicle development (related) GRO:0007157 A sporophyte development stage (PO:0007134) that occurs during the interval between fertilization and the first cell division of the plant zygote (PO:0000423). zygote stage (broad) GRO:0007168 PO_GIT:399 embryo stage EM1 (related) one cell stage (related) zygote in Arabidopsis (related) Precedes the sporophyte vegetative stage (PO:0007134). Refers to the GO biological process term fertilization (GO:0009566). plant zygote stage A sporophyte development stage (PO:0007134) that occurs during the interval between fertilization and the first cell division of the plant zygote (PO:0000423). POC:curators embryo stage EM1 (related) GRO:0007168 A multi-tissue plant structure development stage (PO:0025571) that has as primary participant a seed (PO:0009010). PO_GIT:568 seed development in Arabidopsis (related) Includes the stages of seed development, from fertilization to the dry or quiescent state. May have as part an embryo development stage. seed development stage A multi-tissue plant structure development stage (PO:0025571) that has as primary participant a seed (PO:0009010). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:Ramona_Walls TAIR_curator:Katica_Ilic A native plant cell (PO:0025606) synthesizing protoplasm and producing new cells by division and with only a primary cell wall. CL:0000034 PO_GIT:272 c&#233lula meristem&#225tica (Spanish, exact) stem cell (exact) 分裂組織細胞 (Japanese, exact) meristematic cell A native plant cell (PO:0025606) synthesizing protoplasm and producing new cells by division and with only a primary cell wall. ISBN:0471245208 POC:Laurel_Cooper c&#233lula meristem&#225tica (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 分裂組織細胞 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki The earliest stage of seed development immediately following double fertilization. PO_GIT:568 fertilized ovule stage The earliest stage of seed development immediately following double fertilization. TAIR_curator:Katica_Ilic Stage of seed development characterized by seed growth and differentiation. PO_GIT:568 developing seed stage Stage of seed development characterized by seed growth and differentiation. TAIR_curator:Katica_Ilic A shoot system that is initiated from a shoot. sucker (broad) turion (broad) FNA:da7c2bd5-34b4-42aa-a036-7b5f71f66d36 sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) que nace en el epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) シュート由来苗条系 (Japanese, exact) branch (related) shoot-borne shoot system A shoot system that is initiated from a shoot. POC:curators turion (broad) FNA:da7c2bd5-34b4-42aa-a036-7b5f71f66d36 sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) que nace en el epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo シュート由来苗条系 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a stamen anlagen (PO:0025486) and is committed to the development of a stamen (PO:0009029). PO_GIT:465 PO_GIT:466 portion of stamen primordium tissue (exact) primordio de estambre (Spanish, exact) stamen primordia (exact, plural) 雄蕊原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) stamen primordium A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a stamen anlagen (PO:0025486) and is committed to the development of a stamen (PO:0009029). POC:curators primordio de estambre (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo stamen primordia (exact, plural) 雄蕊原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A strobilus (PO:0025083) that bears only pollen (PO:0025281). FNA:b2779296-b5a3-41ac-97a3-f53448d492d7 FNA:ebda7bb0-bb12-4160-bbc6-a5edc4fb316c PO_GIT:168 PO_GIT:601 male cone (related) microstrobili (related, plural) microstrobilus (related) pollen cone (related) microsporangiate strobilus A strobilus (PO:0025083) that bears only pollen (PO:0025281). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:austin_meier male cone (related) FNA:b2779296-b5a3-41ac-97a3-f53448d492d7 microstrobili (related, plural) microstrobilus (related) FNA:ebda7bb0-bb12-4160-bbc6-a5edc4fb316c A strobilus (PO:0025083) that bears only plant ovules (PO:0020003). FNA:a116a573-2ca8-4bda-b3e7-d0d89e6e2107 FNA:c98ce1b1-9cda-4790-9149-799e9795b621 FNA:ed33e80e-12e2-41a3-8a0d-655a842189a6 FNA:ff4b92f1-d0aa-4d75-89ba-934aa07fba2d PO_GIT:168 PO_GIT:601 female cone (related) hop cone (related) macrostrobili (related, plural) macrostrobilus (related) megastrobili (related, plural) megastrobilus (related) ovulate cone (related) megasporangiate strobilus A strobilus (PO:0025083) that bears only plant ovules (PO:0020003). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:austin_meier female cone (related) FNA:c98ce1b1-9cda-4790-9149-799e9795b621 macrostrobili (related, plural) FNA:ff4b92f1-d0aa-4d75-89ba-934aa07fba2d macrostrobilus (related) FNA:ed33e80e-12e2-41a3-8a0d-655a842189a6 megastrobili (related, plural) FNA:a116a573-2ca8-4bda-b3e7-d0d89e6e2107 megastrobilus (related) FNA:a116a573-2ca8-4bda-b3e7-d0d89e6e2107 A lateral plant organ (PO:0009008) produced by a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148). filoma (Spanish, exact) フィロム、葉(的）器官 (Japanese, exact) phyllome A lateral plant organ (PO:0009008) produced by a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148). POC:curators filoma (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo フィロム、葉(的）器官 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is part of a shoot system (PO:0009006). PO_GIT:472 PO_GIT:583 meristema del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) シュート分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) shoot system meristem A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is part of a shoot system (PO:0009006). Gramene:Pankaj_Jaiswal POC:Laurel_Cooper meristema del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo シュート分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an anther (PO:0009066). PO_GIT:465 portion of anther primordium tissue (exact) primordio de la antera (Spanish, exact) 葯原基(可視的） (Japanese, exact) anther primordium A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an anther (PO:0009066). POC:curators primordio de la antera (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 葯原基(可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is the outer layer of an apical meristem (PO:0020144), or the outer layer of a plant embryo proper (PO:0000001), and gives rise to a portion of epidermis (PO:0005679). PO_GIT:125 portion of protoderm tissue (exact) protodermis (Spanish, exact) 前表皮、原表皮 (Japanese, exact) dermatogen cell (related) A protoderm may or may not arise from independent initial cells (PO:0004011). Some researchers also refer to it as an epidermis in a meristematic state. protoderm A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is the outer layer of an apical meristem (PO:0020144), or the outer layer of a plant embryo proper (PO:0000001), and gives rise to a portion of epidermis (PO:0005679). ISBN:0471245208 POC:Laurel_Cooper protodermis (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 前表皮、原表皮 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A sporophyte reproductive stage (PO:0007130) during which a flower (PO:0009046) on a whole plant (PO:0000003) is open. GRO:0007021 GRO:0007022 GRO:0007101 GRO:0007151 GRO:0007153 ISBN:3826331524 MaizeGDB:13811 MaizeGDB:67361 MaizeGDB:67362 PO_GIT:499 SGN:0000034 SOY:0000006 07-anthesis in barley (related) 07-anthesis in oat (related) 07-anthesis in wheat (related) 09-flowering in sorghum (related) 4 flowering in Solanaceae (related) 5 flowering in maize (related) 5.01-anthesis in maize (related) 5.02-silking in maize (related) 5.1 anthesis in maize (related) 5.2 silking in maize (related) 6 Flowering in soybean (related) 6.1-flowering stage in rice (related) BBCH principal growth stage 6 (related) R1 in maize (related) VT in maize (related) anthesis in maize (related) anthesis stage (related) flowering in maize (related) pollen shed in maize (related) rice growth stage-6.1 (related) silk emergence in maize (related) sorghum growth stage 8 (related) This term is to be used for a stage of development of a whole plant. For the stages of development of an individual flower, see flower development stage (PO:0007615). whole plant flowering stage A sporophyte reproductive stage (PO:0007130) during which a flower (PO:0009046) on a whole plant (PO:0000003) is open. POC:curators 07-anthesis in barley (related) GRO:0007101 07-anthesis in oat (related) GRO:0007101 07-anthesis in wheat (related) GRO:0007101 09-flowering in sorghum (related) GRO:0007153 4 flowering in Solanaceae (related) SGN:0000034 5 flowering in maize (related) MaizeGDB:13811 5.01-anthesis in maize (related) GRO:0007021 5.02-silking in maize (related) GRO:0007022 5.1 anthesis in maize (related) MaizeGDB:67361 5.2 silking in maize (related) MaizeGDB:67362 6 Flowering in soybean (related) SOY:0000006 6.1-flowering stage in rice (related) GRO:0007151 BBCH principal growth stage 6 (related) ISBN:3826331524 R1 in maize (related) MaizeGDB:67362 VT in maize (related) MaizeGDB:67361 anthesis in maize (related) MaizeGDB:67361 anthesis stage (related) GRO:0007151 flowering in maize (related) MaizeGDB:13811 pollen shed in maize (related) MaizeGDB:67361 rice growth stage-6.1 (related) GRO:0007151 silk emergence in maize (related) MaizeGDB:67362 sorghum growth stage 8 (related) GRO:0007153 A plant structure development stage (PO:0009012) that has as primary participant a whole plant (PO:0000003). PO_GIT:390 Solanaceae whole plant growth stages (SGN:0000001) (related) cereal plant growth stage ontology (GRO:0007199) (related) maize growth stage (GRO:0007002) (related) plant growth stages in Arabidopsis (TAIR:0000021) (related) rice growth stage (GRO:0007040) (related) sorghum growth stage (GRO:0007124) (related) wheat, barley and oat growth stage (GRO:0007156) (related) whole plant development stage A plant structure development stage (PO:0009012) that has as primary participant a whole plant (PO:0000003). POC:curators A sporophyte vegetative stage (PO:0007134) which begins with the onset of a seed imbibition stage (PO:0007022) and ends with a radicle emergence stage (PO: 0007015), or a coleorhiza emergence stage (PO:0025475), as a result of the growth by the plant embryo (PO:0004537) in a seed (PO:0009010). GO:0009845 GRO:0007003 GRO:0007043 GRO:0007051 MaizeGDB:64055 PO_GIT:595 PO_REF:00013 SGN:0000003 SOY:0000001 TAIR:0000393 0 Germination in soybean (related) 0 germination in Solanaceae (related) 0 germination in maize (related) 00-germination in maize (related) 01-germination in Triticeae (related) 01-germination in barley (related) 01-germination in oat (related) 01-germination in rice (related) 01-germination in wheat (related) BBCH principal growth stage 0 (related) germination in Arabidopsis (related) maize growth stage-0 (related) rice growth stage-1 (related) seed germination stage A sporophyte vegetative stage (PO:0007134) which begins with the onset of a seed imbibition stage (PO:0007022) and ends with a radicle emergence stage (PO: 0007015), or a coleorhiza emergence stage (PO:0025475), as a result of the growth by the plant embryo (PO:0004537) in a seed (PO:0009010). Gramene:Anuradha_Pujar ISBN:9780471245209 POC:Laurel_Cooper 0 Germination in soybean (related) SOY:0000001 0 germination in Solanaceae (related) SGN:0000003 0 germination in maize (related) MaizeGDB:64055 00-germination in maize (related) GRO:0007003 01-germination in Triticeae (related) GRO:0007051 01-germination in barley (related) GRO:0007051 01-germination in oat (related) GRO:0007051 01-germination in rice (related) GRO:0007043 01-germination in wheat (related) GRO:0007051 BBCH principal growth stage 0 (related) PO_REF:00013 germination in Arabidopsis (related) TAIR:0000393 maize growth stage-0 (related) GRO:0007003 rice growth stage-1 (related) GRO:0007043 A sporophyte development stage that occurs during the interval between the initiation of a sporangium and the onset of senescence. GRO:0007140 MaizeGDB:67373 PO_GIT:396 SGN:0000032 TAIR:0000306 sporophyte reproductively competent stage (exact) sporophytic reproductive stage (exact) B reproductive growth in Solanaceae (related) B-reproductive stage in rice (related) reproductive in Arabidopsis (related) A whole plant may continue developmental vegetative growth (GO:0080186) after it has entered the reproductive stage, and it may revert to a stage in which it is no longer producing sporangia, but once it has initiated a single sporangium, it remains in the reproductive stage until senescence or death by some other cause. sporophyte reproductive stage A sporophyte development stage that occurs during the interval between the initiation of a sporangium and the onset of senescence. POC:curators B reproductive growth in Solanaceae (related) SGN:0000032 B-reproductive stage in rice (related) GRO:0007140 reproductive in Arabidopsis (related) TAIR:0000306 A sporophyte development stage (PO:0028002) that occurs during the interval between the first division of a plant zygote (PO:0000423) and the formation of a sporangium (PO:0025094). GRO:0007139 PO_GIT:395 SGN:0000002 TAIR:0000305 A vegetative growth in Solanaceae (related) A-vegetative stage in rice (related) vegetative in Arabidopsis (related) Succeeds a plant zygote stage (PO:0001097). A sporophyte may begin to senesce or die from other causes before producing sporangia. Developmental vegetative growth (GO:0080186) can also occur during the reproductive stage. sporophyte vegetative stage A sporophyte development stage (PO:0028002) that occurs during the interval between the first division of a plant zygote (PO:0000423) and the formation of a sporangium (PO:0025094). POC:curators A vegetative growth in Solanaceae (related) SGN:0000002 A-vegetative stage in rice (related) GRO:0007139 vegetative in Arabidopsis (related) TAIR:0000305 A reproductive shoot system development stage (PO:0025530) that occurs in an individual flower (PO:000904) during the interval between the onset of a flower meristem transition stage (PO:0025588) and the end of a flowering stage (PO:0007616). PMID:2152125 PO_GIT:500 PO_GIT:597 flower development in Arabidopsis (related) This term and its sub-classes apply to an individual flower (PO:000904). During this stage, a flower undergoes the process of flower development (GO:0009908), defined as the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the flower over time, from its formation to the mature structure. For the development stage of a whole plant (PO:0000003), use whole plant flowering stage (PO:0007016). flower development stage A reproductive shoot system development stage (PO:0025530) that occurs in an individual flower (PO:000904) during the interval between the onset of a flower meristem transition stage (PO:0025588) and the end of a flowering stage (PO:0007616). POC:curators flower development in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 A flower development stage (PO:0007615) that begins when pollen (PO:0025281) is released by anther dehiscence (GO:0009901) and/or the stigma (PO:0009073) is receptive and ends with the process of pollination (GO:0009856) and/or floral organ senescence (GO:0080187). PMID:2152125 PO_GIT:551 anthesis stage (narrow) post anthesis stage (narrow) stage 13 flower in Arabidopsis (related) stage 14 flower in Arabidopsis (related) stage 15 flower in Arabidopsis (related) stage 16 flower in Arabidopsis (related) stage 17 flower in Arabidopsis (related) In most species, flowering stage (anthesis) is when the flower is open and ends with pollination. During this stage, the process of anther dehiscence (GO:0009901) usually occurs, defined as the dehiscence of an anther to release the pollen grains contained within it. This term applies to an individual flower (PO:000904). flowering stage A flower development stage (PO:0007615) that begins when pollen (PO:0025281) is released by anther dehiscence (GO:0009901) and/or the stigma (PO:0009073) is receptive and ends with the process of pollination (GO:0009856) and/or floral organ senescence (GO:0080187). PMID:2152125 POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators stage 13 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 stage 14 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 stage 15 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 stage 16 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 stage 17 flower in Arabidopsis (related) PMID:2152125 Stage during which the seed storage products (storage proteins, lipids and starch) are being accumulated, either in the cotyledons or in the endosperm. Also, LEA proteins are accumulated and subsequently, a desiccation tolerant state is reached at the end of this stage. GRO:0007177 PO_GIT:568 embryo stage EM10 (related) seed maturation in Arabidopsis (related) seed maturation stage Stage during which the seed storage products (storage proteins, lipids and starch) are being accumulated, either in the cotyledons or in the endosperm. Also, LEA proteins are accumulated and subsequently, a desiccation tolerant state is reached at the end of this stage. TAIR_curator:Katica_Ilic embryo stage EM10 (related) GRO:0007177 Stages of development of the endosperm. PO_GIT:568 endosperm development stage Stages of development of the endosperm. TAIR_curator:Katica_Ilic A shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) that gives rise to the apical growth of vegetative tissues and organs. PO_GIT:36 meristema vegetativo apical del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) 栄養シュート頂端分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) vegetative meristem (related) vegetative shoot apical meristem A shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) that gives rise to the apical growth of vegetative tissues and organs. Gramene:Chih-Wei_Tung meristema vegetativo apical del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 栄養シュート頂端分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) that gives rise to the apical growth of reproductive tissues and organs. PO_GIT:36 meristema apical reproductivo del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) 生殖シュート頂端 分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) reproductive shoot apical meristem A shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) that gives rise to the apical growth of reproductive tissues and organs. Gramene:Chih-Wei_Tung meristema apical reproductivo del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 生殖シュート頂端 分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that develops from a gynoecium (PO:0009062), or a single carpel (PO:0009030), and at maturity may have as parts one or more seeds (PO:0009010). aggregate fruit (broad) compound fruit (broad) dehiscent fruit (broad) diaspore (broad) indehiscent fruit (broad) multiple fruit (broad) propagule (broad) FNA:67fa41ae-b735-4d89-b5db-7631b873ef7a FNA:c13b1312-1cc5-4ace-98e2-fde12aec09da PO_GIT:76 frucht (exact, German) fruto (exact, Spanish) 果実 (exact, Japanese) coenocarp (narrow) syncarp (narrow) A fruit (PO:0009001) may contain additional plant structures (PO:0009011) that were part of a flower (PO:0009046) and mature along with the gynoecium, such as a receptacle (PO:0009064). A fruit may develop without fertilization in cases of parthenocarpy, apomixis, or other hormone-induced conditions and may not always contain seeds (PO:0009010). When annotating to fruit (PO:0009001) that are referred to as ‘aggregate’, ‘multiple’, or ‘compound’, please annotate directly to the appropriate plant structure, such as receptacle, hypanthium (PO:0009065) or infructescence (PO:0006342). Fruits only occur in angiosperms. fruit A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that develops from a gynoecium (PO:0009062), or a single carpel (PO:0009030), and at maturity may have as parts one or more seeds (PO:0009010). NYBG:Brandon_Sinn NYBG:Dario_Cavaliere POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators frucht (exact, German) NYBG:Brandon_Sinn NYBG:Dario_Cavaliere fruto (exact, Spanish) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 果実 (exact, Japanese) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki coenocarp (narrow) FNA:c13b1312-1cc5-4ace-98e2-fde12aec09da syncarp (narrow) FNA:67fa41ae-b735-4d89-b5db-7631b873ef7a A cell which is a plant structure (PO:0009011). cell (broad) GO:0005623 PO_GIT:56 c&#233lula vegetal (Spanish, exact) 植物細胞 (Japanese, exact) Applies to cells that are living or dead at maturity (e.g., fiber cell or tracheid) and includes any external encapsulating structures (if present) such as the plasma membrane and the plant-type cell wall. Definition of cell GO:0005623: "The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope". GO:0009505. Definition of plant-type cell wall (GO:0009505): A more or less rigid structure lying outside the cell membrane of a cell and composed of cellulose and pectin and other organic and inorganic substances, synonym; exact: cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall. plant cell A cell which is a plant structure (PO:0009011). CL:0000000 POC:curators c&#233lula vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物細胞 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that produces shoot-borne portions of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) and the plant structures (PO:0009011) that arise from them. FNA:02756ad4-a09c-48d7-8754-903254e557a9 FNA:d1431b5c-7b86-46a0-8d3c-bd426fe12c85 PO_GIT:135 sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) シュート系、苗条系 (Japanese, exact) tree crown (narrow) Poaceae crown (related) shoot (related) thalli (related, plural) thallus (related) The shoot system is generally used to refer to the above-ground plant parts, although some plants have parts of their shoot system underground. For example, a rhizome (PO:0004542), bulb (PO:0025356), a corm (PO:0025355) or a subterranean tuber (PO:0004547), as in Solanum tuberosum (potato) or yam, are all part of the shoot system. shoot system A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that produces shoot-borne portions of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) and the plant structures (PO:0009011) that arise from them. POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo シュート系、苗条系 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki thalli (related, plural) FNA:d1431b5c-7b86-46a0-8d3c-bd426fe12c85 thallus (related) FNA:02756ad4-a09c-48d7-8754-903254e557a9 A plant structure (PO:0009011) that consists predominantly of similarly specialized plant cells (PO:0009002) of one or more types. portion of tissue (broad) tissue (broad) PO_GIT:59 porci&#243n de un tejido vegetal (Spanish, exact) 植物組織の一部 (Japanese, exact) plant tissue (related) A portion of plant tissue may contain one or several types of cells that are organized in a specific spatial arrangement into a structural unit (which includes a mass of callus) and may include an intercellular matrix. May include other types of isolated cells, such as idioblasts. portion of plant tissue A plant structure (PO:0009011) that consists predominantly of similarly specialized plant cells (PO:0009002) of one or more types. POC:curators TAIR_curator:Leonore_Reiser porci&#243n de un tejido vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物組織の一部 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that is a functional unit, is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003), and includes portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007) of at least two different types that derive from a common developmental path. organ (broad) PATO:01503 PO_GIT:55 &#243rgano vegetal (Spanish, exact) 植物 器官 (Japanese, exact) compound plant organ (related) simple plant organ (related) Examples include stem (PO:0009047), leaf (PO:0025034), and root (PO:0009005). May include individual plant cells (PO:0009002) that are not part of a portion of plant tissue (e.g., idioblasts, PO:0000283). A plant organ may have one or more different plant organs as parts, such as a sporophyll (PO:0009026) that may have as part a sporangium (PO:0025094) or a carpel (PO:0009030) that may have as part a plant ovule (PO:0020003). plant organ A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that is a functional unit, is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003), and includes portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007) of at least two different types that derive from a common developmental path. POC:curators &#243rgano vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物 器官 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki simple plant organ (related) PATO:01503 A whole plant (PO:0000003) that participates in the plant embryo stage (PO:0007631). embryo (broad) PO_GIT:92 embri&#243n (Spanish, exact) 植物胚 (Japanese, exact) germ (related) A plant embryo is generally formed after the first division of a plant zygote (PO:0000423), but in the case of a nucellar (adventitious) plant embryo (PO:0004537), somatic plant embryo (PO:0025302), microspore-derived cultured plant embryo (PO:0025305), and other embryos that arise through apogamy, it begins after the division of a single cell that is not a zygote. The end of the embryo stage varies among taxa; the beginning of a seed germination stage (PO:0007057) in seed plants, formation of the first vascular leaf (PO:0009025) in pteridophytes, the beginning of development of a sporangium (PO:0025094) in bryophytes, or the beginning of the formation of a plant organ (PO:0009008) such as a root (PO:0009005), shoot axis (PO:0025029), or vascular leaf (PO:0009025) in a cultured plant embryo (PO:0000010). plant embryo A whole plant (PO:0000003) that participates in the plant embryo stage (PO:0007631). POC:curators embri&#243n (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物胚 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that develops from a plant ovule (PO:0020003) and has as parts a plant embryo (PO:0009009) enclosed in a seed coat (PO:0009088). diaspore (broad) FNA:f5c50e73-61e3-48ec-b918-6f85b3f40738 PO_GIT:405 semilla (Spanish, exact) 種子 (Japanese, exact) pyrene (narrow) A seed generally develops from an ovule (PO:0020003) after fertilization, but may develop without fertilization in the case of apogamy (e.g., adventitious embryos or somatic embryos). A seed is a reproductive unit of seed plants (gymnosperms, angiosperms, and fossil pteridosperms). seed A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that develops from a plant ovule (PO:0020003) and has as parts a plant embryo (PO:0009009) enclosed in a seed coat (PO:0009088). POC:curators semilla (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 種子 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki pyrene (narrow) FNA:f5c50e73-61e3-48ec-b918-6f85b3f40738 A plant anatomical entity (PO:0025131) that is, or was, part of a plant, or was derived from a part of a plant. PO_GIT:57 estructura vegetal (Spanish, exact) 植物 構造 (Japanese, exact) 'Part' includes both proper parts and the whole plant. CARO:0000003 'connected anatomical structure' is defined as: Material anatomical entity that is a single connected structure with inherent 3D shape, generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. plant structure A plant anatomical entity (PO:0025131) that is, or was, part of a plant, or was derived from a part of a plant. CARO:0000003 PO:cooperl POC:curators estructura vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物 構造 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A stage in the life of a plant structure (PO:0009011) during which the plant structure undergoes developmental processes. PO_GIT:185 TAIR:0000205 etapa de desarrollo de estructura vegetal (Spanish, exact) plant growth and development stage (exact) Arabidopsis growth (related) Refers to GO:0032502 'developmental process', which includes growth, differentiation, and senescence, and BFO:0000003 'ocurrent'. plant structure development stage A stage in the life of a plant structure (PO:0009011) during which the plant structure undergoes developmental processes. BFO:0000003 GO:0032502 POC:curators etapa de desarrollo de estructura vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo Arabidopsis growth (related) TAIR:0000205 A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) in which plant cells (PO:0009002) have retained their embryonic characteristics, or have reverted to them secondarily, and that divide to produce new cells that can undergo differentiation to form mature tissues, i.e. they have a capacity for morphogenesis and growth. PO_GIT:472 meristem (exact) meristema (Spanish, exact) meristematic tissue (exact) 分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) portion of meristem tissue A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) in which plant cells (PO:0009002) have retained their embryonic characteristics, or have reverted to them secondarily, and that divide to produce new cells that can undergo differentiation to form mature tissues, i.e. they have a capacity for morphogenesis and growth. APweb:Glossary Gramene:Pankaj_Jaiswal meristema (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A leaf (PO:0025034) in a vascular plant. FNA:06544712-db97-4208-b188-c4b756a53c72 FNA:30c47c20-f459-4518-8657-feed7eb92fe4 FNA:30d8bef3-ad1a-44ed-a995-24c3e342aefd FNA:8654d268-1e4c-4edf-b937-82a965b4edef FNA:87e7efa9-89d7-4249-be74-bc22a0466a05 FNA:a4dc40f4-92f9-4ba5-b616-a84564f63fed FNA:a97f1513-7684-49d4-92f5-934d1c8b3e1c FNA:c1142d9b-c42a-45e1-93ac-9cbe9575321e FNA:c26c826a-30d6-494e-a2f1-05540465c9fc FNA:d3928bf3-1d8a-4fe5-a728-95c13c3a0f90 FNA:d894ba18-4523-484c-abab-26d1cac75bc4 PO_GIT:137 foliage leaf (exact) hoja vascular (Spanish, exact) leaf, vascular (exact) vascular leaves (exact, plural) 維管束のある葉, または維管束植物の葉 (Japanese, exact) ascidia (narrow) ascidium (narrow) fiddlehead (narrow) frond (narrow) needle-like leaf (narrow) pitcher (narrow) pitcher blade (narrow) pitcher-blade (narrow) scale-like leaf (narrow) sterile frond (narrow) trophophyll (narrow) crozier (related) macrophyll (related) megaphyll (related) Has vascular tissue. From APweb Glossary: In angiosperms, commonly thought of as one of the three basic parts of the seed plant body, a structure usually of determinate growth, without secondary thickening, and of superficial origin, often flattened and photosynthetic in part, and in the axil of which is found a bud. Occurs in the sporophytic phase of a plant life cycle. vascular leaf A leaf (PO:0025034) in a vascular plant. POC:curators hoja vascular (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo vascular leaves (exact, plural) FNA:c7d9d167-4121-43b0-b2fe-bb1ae9d6d3a6 維管束のある葉, または維管束植物の葉 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki ascidia (narrow) FNA:06544712-db97-4208-b188-c4b756a53c72 ascidium (narrow) FNA:a97f1513-7684-49d4-92f5-934d1c8b3e1c fiddlehead (narrow) FNA:d894ba18-4523-484c-abab-26d1cac75bc4 pitcher (narrow) FNA:30d8bef3-ad1a-44ed-a995-24c3e342aefd pitcher blade (narrow) FNA:d3928bf3-1d8a-4fe5-a728-95c13c3a0f90 pitcher-blade (narrow) FNA:30c47c20-f459-4518-8657-feed7eb92fe4 sterile frond (narrow) FNA:a4dc40f4-92f9-4ba5-b616-a84564f63fed trophophyll (narrow) FNA:8654d268-1e4c-4edf-b937-82a965b4edef crozier (related) FNA:87e7efa9-89d7-4249-be74-bc22a0466a05 macrophyll (related) FNA:c1142d9b-c42a-45e1-93ac-9cbe9575321e megaphyll (related) FNA:c26c826a-30d6-494e-a2f1-05540465c9fc A leaf-like organ on which one or more sporangia are borne. esporofilo (Spanish, exact) spore leaf (exact) 胞子葉 (Japanese, exact) sporophyll A leaf-like organ on which one or more sporangia are borne. APweb:Glossary esporofilo (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo spore leaf (exact) FNA:301289d5-912b-4db3-af05-73579ecb9ef0 胞子葉 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A structure on which one or more microsporangia are borne; in flowering plants, the stamen. microsporofilo (Spanish, exact) 小胞子葉 (Japanese, exact) microsporophyll A structure on which one or more microsporangia are borne; in flowering plants, the stamen. APweb:Glossary microsporofilo (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 小胞子葉 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A microsporophyll bearing one or more microsporangia. estambre (Spanish, exact) 雄蕊 (Japanese, exact) Poaceae stamen (narrow) Zea stamen (narrow) Part of tassel floret. stamen A microsporophyll bearing one or more microsporangia. APweb:Glossary estambre (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 雄蕊 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A bract (PO:0009055) that subtends a perianth (PO:0009058) that is part of a flower (PO:0009046). PO_GIT:84 br&#225ctea floral (Spanish, exact) floral bract (exact) 花苞（葉） (Japanese, exact) chaff (related) flower bract A bract (PO:0009055) that subtends a perianth (PO:0009058) that is part of a flower (PO:0009046). POC:curators br&#225ctea floral (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花苞（葉） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki The lower, usually larger, of the pair of flower bracts (PO:0009034) enclosing a (PO:0009082) spikelet floret. PO_GIT:381 lemma (Spanish, exact) lemma del florete del penacho (borla) o de la espiga (Spanish, exact) lemmas (exact, plural) lemmata (exact, plural) 外頴 (Japanese, exact) lemma of ear floret (narrow) lemma of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) lemma of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (narrow) lemma of lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow) lemma of lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) lemma of tassel floret (narrow) lemma of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) lemma of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (narrow) lemma of upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow) lemma of upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) A lemma (PO:0009037) and palea (PO:0009038) enclose an individual spikelet floret (PO:0009082). The lemma is usually the larger of the two. Since it is not clear what the lemma and palea correspond to in conventional flowers, no assumptions of homology are made. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea species an annotation can also be made to the more specific floret type, if known. Choose the most specific term possible from: ear floret (PO:0006354), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006353), lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006351), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). Found in Found in Poaceae, Cyperaceae and other Poales. lemma The lower, usually larger, of the pair of flower bracts (PO:0009034) enclosing a (PO:0009082) spikelet floret. APweb:Glossary POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators lemma (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo lemma del florete del penacho (borla) o de la espiga (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo lemmas (exact, plural) FNA:95b70500-2969-4d99-801e-9367ba2db50e lemmata (exact, plural) FNA:874598c1-dd20-4ab3-ac36-3180873df1bc 外頴 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki The upper (distal), usually smaller, of the pair of flower bracts (PO:0009034) enclosing a (PO:0009082) spikelet floret. pale (broad) paleae (broad, plural) paleas (broad, plural) palet (broad) FNA:28b8e135-e4b9-4419-9f14-68d68bbc80c7 FNA:3d284a17-79c6-40b0-84c5-1cd337f43e55 FNA:c7612a78-aff8-478d-9a6e-866dac52f101 FNA:c7715818-04d2-4e9f-b63f-8741b6e558f4 PO_GIT:381 palea (Spanish, exact) palea of lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (exact) 内頴 (Japanese, exact) palea of ear floret (narrow) palea of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) palea of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (narrow) palea of lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) palea of tassel floret (narrow) palea of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) palea of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (narrow) palea of upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow) palea of upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) A lemma (PO:0009037) and palea (PO:0009038) enclose an individual spikelet floret (PO:0009082). The palea is usually the smaller of the two. Since it is not clear what the lemma and palea correspond to in conventional flowers, no assumptions of homology are made. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea species an annotation can also be made to the more specific floret type, if known. Choose the most specific term possible from: ear floret (PO:0006354), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006353), lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006351), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). Found in Found in Poaceae, Cyperaceae and other Poales. palea The upper (distal), usually smaller, of the pair of flower bracts (PO:0009034) enclosing a (PO:0009082) spikelet floret. APweb:Glossary POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators pale (broad) FNA:3d284a17-79c6-40b0-84c5-1cd337f43e55 paleae (broad, plural) FNA:28b8e135-e4b9-4419-9f14-68d68bbc80c7 paleas (broad, plural) FNA:c7715818-04d2-4e9f-b63f-8741b6e558f4 palet (broad) FNA:c7612a78-aff8-478d-9a6e-866dac52f101 palea (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 内頴 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki One of a pair of inflorescence bracts that is part of a spikelet and subtends the two florets. PO_GIT:382 gluma (Spanish, exact) 苞頴 (Japanese, exact) rudimentary glume (related) Found in Poaceae and Cyperaceae. Glumes subtend the pair of florets while a lemma or palea subtend the individual florets. glume One of a pair of inflorescence bracts that is part of a spikelet and subtends the two florets. POC:Ramona_Walls gluma (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 苞頴 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A determinate reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) that has as part at least one carpel (PO:0009030) or at least one stamen (PO:0009029) and does not contain any other determinate shoot system (PO:0009006) as a part. PO_GIT:160 PO_GIT:259 flor (Spanish, exact) 花 (Japanese, exact) Asteraceae floret (narrow) basal flower (narrow) double flower (narrow) hermaphrodite flower (narrow) monoclinous flower (narrow) perfect flower (narrow) floret (related) The characteristic reproductive structure of angiosperms. May have as part one or more petals, sepals or tepals. May contain one or more pistillode (PO:0009078), staminode (PO:0009077) or other aborted organs that don't show up in mature form. flower A determinate reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) that has as part at least one carpel (PO:0009030) or at least one stamen (PO:0009029) and does not contain any other determinate shoot system (PO:0009006) as a part. POC:curators flor (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki basal flower (narrow) CO_125:0000019 hermaphrodite flower (narrow) CO_125:0000028 A reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) that has as parts all of the shoot axes (PO:0025029) and flowers (PO:0009046; must have two or more) distal to the most distal leaf (PO:0009025). PO_GIT:260 PO_GIT:71 inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) 花序 (Japanese, exact) Triticeae spike (narrow) An inflorescence is a reproductive shoot system from which at least two flowers develop. The growth pattern of an inflorescence may be monopodial (single main shoot axis), sympodial (growth only occurs from axillary meristems), or both. An inflorescence axis (PO:0020122) can be determinate or indeterminate. An inflorescence flower pedicel (PO:0009052) is the ultimate axis in an inflorescence. The flower (PO:0009046) of many plants, for example Magnolia spp., is solitary. inflorescence A reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) that has as parts all of the shoot axes (PO:0025029) and flowers (PO:0009046; must have two or more) distal to the most distal leaf (PO:0009025). NYBG:Brandon_Sinn NYBG:Dario_Cavaliere POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:Ramona_Walls inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花序 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) that is the ultimate and congested, higher order inflorescence axis (PO:0009081) of the grasses. PO_GIT:383 PO_GIT:71 espiguilla (Spanish, exact) 小穂 (Japanese, exact) It consists of one to many closely-packed spikelet florets (PO:0009082) and associated glumes (PO:0009039). spikelet A reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) that is the ultimate and congested, higher order inflorescence axis (PO:0009081) of the grasses. APweb:Glossary PO:cooperl espiguilla (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 小穂 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A bract (PO:0009055) subtending a branch of the inflorescence (PO:0009049) or borne on the inflorescence axis (PO:0020122) below any branch (PO:0025073) or flower (PO:0009046). pale (broad) palea (broad) paleae (broad, plural) paleas (broad, plural) palet (broad) FNA:28b8e135-e4b9-4419-9f14-68d68bbc80c7 FNA:3290efb9-fde1-4c56-a813-37e62e665af2 FNA:3d210af5-1709-4aee-91e5-ccc65f5fa7bd FNA:be285d91-a6e6-4e1b-8d89-fa3252201928 FNA:c5765385-917c-465e-83f8-b4fe5d693146 FNA:c7612a78-aff8-478d-9a6e-866dac52f101 FNA:c7715818-04d2-4e9f-b63f-8741b6e558f4 FNA:ead20a1b-057b-4008-9466-bdb8e283aa82 FNA:f18da584-2b0b-4b03-a614-40140a1cb89e PO_GIT:84 br&#225ctea de la inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) 花序苞 (Japanese, exact) inflorescence bract of ear (narrow) spathe (narrow) squamella (narrow) squamellae (narrow, plural) squamule (narrow) corn husk (related) husk (related) husk leaf (related) Includes the leaf subtending and acting as outer envelope of an ear in Zea mays. inflorescence bract A bract (PO:0009055) subtending a branch of the inflorescence (PO:0009049) or borne on the inflorescence axis (PO:0020122) below any branch (PO:0025073) or flower (PO:0009046). APweb:Glossary pale (broad) FNA:3290efb9-fde1-4c56-a813-37e62e665af2 palea (broad) FNA:3d210af5-1709-4aee-91e5-ccc65f5fa7bd paleae (broad, plural) FNA:28b8e135-e4b9-4419-9f14-68d68bbc80c7 paleas (broad, plural) FNA:c7715818-04d2-4e9f-b63f-8741b6e558f4 palet (broad) FNA:c7612a78-aff8-478d-9a6e-866dac52f101 br&#225ctea de la inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花序苞 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki spathe (narrow) FNA:be285d91-a6e6-4e1b-8d89-fa3252201928 squamella (narrow) FNA:ead20a1b-057b-4008-9466-bdb8e283aa82 squamellae (narrow, plural) FNA:c5765385-917c-465e-83f8-b4fe5d693146 squamule (narrow) FNA:f18da584-2b0b-4b03-a614-40140a1cb89e A phyllome that subtends a reproductive structure. FNA:8968da77-e6b0-4302-baf9-1c8cb72a8b06 FNA:8c618dea-f3dd-434f-bb13-23273ea6c143 FNA:9cce93dc-f233-440e-9163-97207fca71a4 PO_GIT:217 br&#225ctea (Spanish, exact) 苞葉 (Japanese, exact) scale (narrow) bracteole (related) bractlet (related) hypsophyll (related) Usually different from leaves. Often used to refer to a floral bract, but includes other kinds of bracts. bract A phyllome that subtends a reproductive structure. POC:curators br&#225ctea (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 苞葉 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki scale (narrow) FNA:8c618dea-f3dd-434f-bb13-23273ea6c143 bracteole (related) FNA:9cce93dc-f233-440e-9163-97207fca71a4 bractlet (related) FNA:8968da77-e6b0-4302-baf9-1c8cb72a8b06 A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) composed all of the stamens (PO:0009029) in a flower (PO:0009046). FNA:e0f4d402-3489-4a58-81bf-0fa5119a4db5 PO_GIT:71 PO_GIT:98 androecia (exact, plural) androecio (Spanish, exact) androecium of tassel floret (exact) androecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (exact) 雄蕊群 (Japanese, exact) Poaceae androecium (narrow) Zea androecium (narrow) androecium column (narrow) androecium of ear floret (narrow) androecium of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) androecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow) androecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) androecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) androecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow) androecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) The androecium also has as parts any staminodes (PO:0009077) that may be present in a flower. If annotating gene expression to an androecium with a single stamen (PO:0009029), the annotation should go on stamen. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), ear floret (PO:0006354), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006353), lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006351), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). The development of an androecium in an ear floret of a normal maize plant is aborted and is present in a rudimentary state, while the development of an androecium in a tassel floret leads to a functional androecium. androecium A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) composed all of the stamens (PO:0009029) in a flower (PO:0009046). POC:curators androecia (exact, plural) FNA:522936d3-a948-44f3-b9dc-634e0d190f6f androecio (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 雄蕊群 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki androecium column (narrow) FNA:e0f4d402-3489-4a58-81bf-0fa5119a4db5 A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) composed all of the carpels (PO:0009030) in a flower (PO:0009046). pistil (broad) PO_GIT:470 PO_GIT:71 PO_GIT:98 ginoecio (Spanish, exact) gynaecium (exact) gynoecia (exact, plural) 雌蕊群 (Japanese, exact) Poaceae gynoecium (narrow) Zea gynoecium (narrow) apocarpous gynoecium (narrow) gynoecium of ear floret (narrow) gynoecium of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) gynoecium of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (narrow) gynoecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow) gynoecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) gynoecium of tassel floret (narrow) gynoecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (narrow) gynoecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (narrow) gynoecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (narrow) gynoecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (narrow) syncarpous gynoecium (narrow) If annotating gene expression to a gynoecium with a single carpel (PO:0009030), the annotation should go on carpel. A gynoecium with two or more carpels may be either syncarpous (carpels fused) or apopcarpous (carpels free) or the carpels may be partially fused. The word pistil is used synonymously with gynoecium for a synocarpous gynoecium, and synonymously with carpel for an apocarpous gynoecium, whether it has one or more carpels. In Zea mays, gynoecia of tassel florets and of the lower florets of ear spikelets usually do not develop fully, and they are present in a rudimentary state. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), ear floret (PO:0006354), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006353), lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006351), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). gynoecium A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) composed all of the carpels (PO:0009030) in a flower (PO:0009046). POC:curators ginoecio (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo gynaecium (exact) FNA:03f034c5-6bd6-4846-8ef7-c5190d09008c gynoecia (exact, plural) FNA:226a743c-7988-4b66-b163-2ce80d7c8a70 雌蕊群 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that is the pollen-bearing part of a stamen (PO:0009029). PO_GIT:297 PO_GIT:70 antera (Spanish, exact) 半葯,花粉のう (Japanese, exact) Poaceae anther (narrow) Zea anther (narrow) Generally consists of four pollen sacs (microsporangia) in two anther thecas. If you are annotating to anther or one of its parts for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). anther A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that is the pollen-bearing part of a stamen (PO:0009029). APweb:Glossary antera (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 半葯,花粉のう (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A small flower (PO:0009046) that is part of a spikelet (PO:0009051). PO_GIT:380 florete de la espiguilla (Spanish, exact) 小穂小花 (Japanese, exact) Poaceae floret (narrow) grass floret (narrow) spikelet flower (related) A spikelet floret (PO:0009082) is enclosed by one or both the flower bracts (PO:0009034); lemma (PO:0009037) and palea (PO:0009038) and also includes a lodicule (PO:0009036). To describe a floret of the Asteraceae, use ray flower (PO:0025331) or disk flower (PO:0025332). Found in Poaceae, Cyperaceae and other Poales. spikelet floret A small flower (PO:0009046) that is part of a spikelet (PO:0009051). PMID:20197291 POC:curators florete de la espiguilla (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 小穂小花 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant organ (PO:0009008) that has as parts a nucellus (PO:0020020) in which a female gametophyte (PO:0025279) is located, one or two integuments (PO:0020021), and a funicle (PO:0020006). PO_GIT:464 PO_GIT:70 &#243vulo vegetal (Spanish, exact) 胚珠 (Japanese, exact) Poaceae ovule (narrow) Zea ovule (narrow) A seed (PO:0009010) develops from a plant ovule. In angiosperms, a plant ovule is part of a plant ovary (PO:0009072). In conifers, a plant ovule is part of an ovuliferous scale (add term). If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), ear floret (PO:0006354), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352). plant ovule A plant organ (PO:0009008) that has as parts a nucellus (PO:0020020) in which a female gametophyte (PO:0025279) is located, one or two integuments (PO:0020021), and a funicle (PO:0020006). POC:curators &#243vulo vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 胚珠 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A vascular leaf (PO:0009025) formed at the first shoot node (PO:0005004) of a plant embryo (PO:0009009) or a seedling (PO:0000003). PO_GIT:457 cotiled&#243n (Spanish, exact) seed leaf (exact) 子葉 (Japanese, exact) cotyledon A vascular leaf (PO:0009025) formed at the first shoot node (PO:0005004) of a plant embryo (PO:0009009) or a seedling (PO:0000003). Gramene:Pankaj_Jaiswal ISBN:9780879015329 POC:curators cotiled&#243n (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo seed leaf (exact) FNA:2e1fc560-4493-47fe-b363-500a1189b27d 子葉 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A maximal portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) located at a shoot apex (PO:0000037) or root tip (PO:0000025). promeristem (broad) PO_GIT:579 AM (exact) meristema apical (Spanish, exact) 頂端分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) primary meristem (related) apical meristem A maximal portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) located at a shoot apex (PO:0000037) or root tip (PO:0000025). Gramene:Pankaj_Jaiswal POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators meristema apical (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 頂端分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A shoot system meristem (PO:0006079) formed at the apex of the shoot axis (PO:0025029), including those originating from an axillary bud meristem (PO:0000232). promeristem (broad) PO_GIT:472 SAM (exact) meristema apical del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) 茎頂分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) primary shoot meristem (related) shoot apical meristem A shoot system meristem (PO:0006079) formed at the apex of the shoot axis (PO:0025029), including those originating from an axillary bud meristem (PO:0000232). POC:Laurel_Cooper UMSL_curator:fz meristema apical del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 茎頂分裂組織 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki An axial plant organ (PO:0009008). eje de la planta (Spanish, exact) plant axes (exact, plural) 植物軸（軸柱） (Japanese, exact) Includes roots and shoots. plant axis An axial plant organ (PO:0009008). POC:curators eje de la planta (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo plant axes (exact, plural) FNA:2355281f-ab10-4ae2-a3d8-672cace068a8 植物軸（軸柱） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A collective plant structure (PO:0025497) that is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003), and is composed of two or more adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) and the associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007). PO_GIT:63 estructura vegetal colectiva de &#243rgano (Spanish, exact) 集合植物器官構造 (Japanese, exact) Organs can be of the same type or different types. Examples include flower (PO:0009046), perianth (PO:0009058), and inflorescence (PO:0009049). See also collective organ part structure (PO:0025269), for plant structures composed of parts of multiple organs, but no complete plant organs. This was formerly named collective plant structure. collective plant organ structure A collective plant structure (PO:0025497) that is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003), and is composed of two or more adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) and the associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007). POC:curators estructura vegetal colectiva de &#243rgano (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 集合植物器官構造 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that consists of two or more phyllomes (PO:0006001) originating from the same node or from one or more adjacent nodes with compressed shoot internodes (PO:0005005). cycle (broad) verticil (broad) FNA:12607624-3d2a-4113-bd86-0e2557f2f473 FNA:d42df0a9-60f4-4c24-9c0b-ba815272f2fe GO:0048438 GO:0048457 GO:0048458 GO:0048459 PO_GIT:90 PO_GIT:99 estructura colectiva del filoma (Spanish, exact) 葉的器官が集まった構造 (Japanese, exact) floral whorl (narrow) whorl (narrow) phyllome whorl (related) collective phyllome structure A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that consists of two or more phyllomes (PO:0006001) originating from the same node or from one or more adjacent nodes with compressed shoot internodes (PO:0005005). POC:curators cycle (broad) FNA:d42df0a9-60f4-4c24-9c0b-ba815272f2fe verticil (broad) FNA:12607624-3d2a-4113-bd86-0e2557f2f473 estructura colectiva del filoma (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 葉的器官が集まった構造 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki floral whorl (narrow) GO:0048438 GO:0048457 GO:0048458 GO:0048459 A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is part of a plant embryo (PO:0009009). embryo cell (broad) embryonic cell (broad) PO_GIT:281 c&#233lula embri&#243nica vegetal (Spanish, exact) embryonic plant cell (exact) 胚性植物細胞 (Japanese, exact) embryo plant cell A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is part of a plant embryo (PO:0009009). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators c&#233lula embri&#243nica vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 胚性植物細胞 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant axis (PO:0025004) that is part of a shoot system (PO:0009006). caullome (exact) eje del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) シュート軸 (Japanese, exact) shoot (related) Often bears leaves and branches. In vascular plants, has at least one node and one internode. shoot axis A plant axis (PO:0025004) that is part of a shoot system (PO:0009006). POC:curators eje del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo シュート軸 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome (PO:0006001) that is not associated with a reproductive structure. PO_GIT:274 PO_GIT:301 hoja (Spanish, exact) 葉 (Japanese, exact) leaf A phyllome (PO:0006001) that is not associated with a reproductive structure. POC:curators hoja (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 葉 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A leaf (PO:0025034) in a non-vascular plant. PO_GIT:137 gametophyll (exact) gametophyte leaf (exact) gametophytic leaf (exact) hoja no vascular (Spanish, exact) phyllid (exact) phyllidium (exact) 非維管束系葉 (Japanese, exact) non-vascular leaflet (related) Non-vascular leaves occur in the gametophyte development stage (PO:0028003) of Bryophytes, plants such as moss and liverwort. non-vascular leaf A leaf (PO:0025034) in a non-vascular plant. POC:curators hoja no vascular (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 非維管束系葉 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A shoot system (PO:0009006) in the sporophytic phase that has as part at least one sporangium (PO:0025094). floral structure sistema de brote reproductivo (Spanish, exact) 生殖シュート 系、苗条系 (Japanese, exact) reproductive shoot system A shoot system (PO:0009006) in the sporophytic phase that has as part at least one sporangium (PO:0025094). POC:curators sistema de brote reproductivo (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 生殖シュート 系、苗条系 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) consisting of a number of sporophylls (PO:0009026) or plant ovule (PO:0020003)-bearing modified leaves (PO:0025034) grouped terminally on a stem (PO:0009047). PO_GIT:168 PO_GIT:601 estr&#243bilo (Spanish, exact) strobili (exact, plural) 胞子嚢穂,　球花 (Japanese, exact) compound strobilus (narrow) simple strobilus (narrow) cone (related) cono (Spanish, exact) (related) May be simple or compound. Found in lycophytes such as Selaginella and Lycopodium, sphenophytes such as Equisetum, gymnosperms such as cycad, conifers, gnetophytes and the pollen producing structures of Gingko. The term cone is often used for strobili that are woody. Flowers are sometimes considered bisexual strobili. Some flowering plants such as Alnus have inflorescences called catkins that resemble strobili, but are not. strobilus A reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082) consisting of a number of sporophylls (PO:0009026) or plant ovule (PO:0020003)-bearing modified leaves (PO:0025034) grouped terminally on a stem (PO:0009047). ISBN:0716710072 POC:curators estr&#243bilo (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo strobili (exact, plural) FNA:1fdafc26-bb42-444a-97e8-b6c0df728998 胞子嚢穂,　球花 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki cono (Spanish, exact) (related) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo A bud that develops into a reproductive shoot system. yema reproductiva (Spanish, exact) 生殖芽 (Japanese, exact) reproductive bud A bud that develops into a reproductive shoot system. POC:curators yema reproductiva (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 生殖芽 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant organ (PO:0009008) in which plant spores (PO:0025017) are produced. PO_GIT:251 PO_GIT:257 esporangio (Spanish, exact) moss capsule (exact) sporangia (exact, plural) spore capsule (exact) spore case (exact) 胞子嚢 (Japanese, exact) In bryophytes, particularly in mosses, a sporangium is referred to as a capsule. In seed plants, a sporangium is located in a sporophyll. In pteridophytes, a sporangium is located on the surface of a sporophyll or fertile leaf or borne on a sporangiophore. May be unicellular in some algae. sporangium A plant organ (PO:0009008) in which plant spores (PO:0025017) are produced. ISBN:0716710072 POC:curators esporangio (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo sporangia (exact, plural) spore case (exact) FNA:808e89e2-7155-41e5-b7b9-a887000d1734 胞子嚢 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is part of an plant embryo (PO:0009009). PO_GIT:245 PO_GIT:339 embryonic plant structure (exact) estructura vegetal embri&#243nica (Spanish, exact) 胚性植物構造 (Japanese, exact) Includes plant structures that only occur in embryos (such as suspensor) as well as plant structures that are part of an embryo when a plant is in the embryonic phase (such as embryonic radicle). embryo plant structure A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is part of an plant embryo (PO:0009009). POC:curators estructura vegetal embri&#243nica (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 胚性植物構造 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that has as parts protoderm (PO:0006210) and sub-epidermal meristematic tissue and is committed to the development of a particular plant structure (PO:0009011). PO_GIT:186 portion of primordial tissue (exact) portion of primordium tissue (exact) primordia (exact, plural) primordio (Spanish, exact) 原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) A primordium appears as a protrusion and is the first distinct form of a plant organ (PO:0009008), cardinal organ part (PO:0025001), or collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007). The transition from a primordium to the plant structure it develops into is marked by the development of non-meristematic cells, although meristematic cells may be present after the transition. primordium A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that has as parts protoderm (PO:0006210) and sub-epidermal meristematic tissue and is committed to the development of a particular plant structure (PO:0009011). POC:curators primordia (exact, plural) primordio (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A primordium (PO:0025127) that develops from a phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) and is part of a shoot apex (PO:0000037) and is committed to the development of a phyllome (PO:0006001). PO_GIT:466 phyllome primordia (exact, plural) portion of phyllome primordium tissue (exact) primordio del filoma (Spanish, exact) フィロム原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) The transition from phyllome primordium to phyllome occurs when the first non-meristematic tissue develops begins to develop. phyllome primordium A primordium (PO:0025127) that develops from a phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) and is part of a shoot apex (PO:0000037) and is committed to the development of a phyllome (PO:0006001). PMID:11572953 POC:curators phyllome primordia (exact, plural) primordio del filoma (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo フィロム原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki An anatomical entity that is or was part of a plant. PO_GIT:224 entidad anat&#243mica vegetal (Spanish, exact) 植物 解剖学（形態）的実体 (Japanese, exact) Includes both material entities such as plant structures and immaterial entities such as plant anatomical spaces. CARO:0000000 'anatomical entity' is defined as: A part of a cellular organism that is either an immaterial entity or a material entity with granularity aboove the level of a protein complex. Or, a substance produced by a cellular organism with granularity above the level of a protein complex. Refers to BFO:0000004 'independent continuant'. plant anatomical entity An anatomical entity that is or was part of a plant. BFO:0000004 CARO:0000000 CAROC:Brownsville2014 POC:curators entidad anat&#243mica vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物 解剖学（形態）的実体 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A sporangium (PO:0025094) in which microspores (PO:0020048) are produced. FNA:6102371f-fcdd-47cd-b0fd-2d24e2d5c8cc FNA:7f9e3756-4ac4-495d-8fb6-fffed355a241 PO_GIT:254 megasporangia (exact, plural) microsporangia (exact, plural) microsporangio (Spanish, exact) 小胞子嚢 (Japanese, exact) macrosporangia (related, plural) macrosporangium (related) microsporangium A sporangium (PO:0025094) in which microspores (PO:0020048) are produced. ISBN:0716710072 megasporangia (exact, plural) FNA:39beb98a-e588-4996-8a2d-57c9967dc8ab microsporangia (exact, plural) FNA:067d82bc-0218-4f34-b021-f1c3acadd136 microsporangio (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 小胞子嚢 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki macrosporangia (related, plural) FNA:6102371f-fcdd-47cd-b0fd-2d24e2d5c8cc macrosporangium (related) FNA:7f9e3756-4ac4-495d-8fb6-fffed355a241 A shoot apex that has as part a reproductive shoot apical meristem. &#225pice reproductivo del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) 生殖シュート頂、茎頂 (Japanese, exact) reproductive shoot apex A shoot apex that has as part a reproductive shoot apical meristem. POC:Ramona_Walls &#225pice reproductivo del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 生殖シュート頂、茎頂 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A shoot apex PO:0000037) that has as part a vegetative shoot apical meristem (PO:0008016). PO_GIT:234 &#225pice vegetativo del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) 栄養シュート頂、栄養枝頂 (Japanese, exact) vegetative shoot apex A shoot apex PO:0000037) that has as part a vegetative shoot apical meristem (PO:0008016). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:Ramona_Walls &#225pice vegetativo del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 栄養シュート頂、栄養枝頂 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that is part of a plant embryo (PO:0009009). portion of embryo tissue (broad) PO_GIT:338 portion of embryonic plant tissue (exact) tejido embri&#243nico vegetal (Spanish, exact) 植物胚性組織 の一部 (Japanese, exact) This class is for tissues that only occur as part of an embryo. portion of embryo plant tissue A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that is part of a plant embryo (PO:0009009). POC:curators tejido embri&#243nico vegetal (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物胚性組織 の一部 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A microsporangium that is part of a sporophyll and where the pollen grains develop and are located after they develop. PO_GIT:255 PO_GIT:296 saco pol&#237nico (Spanish, exact) 花粉のう (Japanese, exact) Poaceae microsporangium (narrow) Zea microsporangium (narrow) anther lobe (narrow) A pollen sac is a microsporangium in seed plants. In angiosperms, a single, unfused pollen sac may contain an anther locule or several pollen sacs may fuse so they contain a single anther locule. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). pollen sac A microsporangium that is part of a sporophyll and where the pollen grains develop and are located after they develop. POC:curators saco pol&#237nico (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花粉のう (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A maximal whole plant development stage. PO_GIT:230 vida de la planta entera (Spanish, exact) 植物体の一生 (Japanese, exact) There are only two types of life of whole plant. Every life of a whole plant is either a maximal gametophyte stage or a maximal sporophyte stage. life of whole plant stage A maximal whole plant development stage. POC:curators vida de la planta entera (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物体の一生 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant structure development stage (PO:0009012) that has as primary participant a collective plant structure (PO:0025497). PO_GIT:391 etapa de desarrollo de una estructura colectiva de la planta (Spanish, exact) 集合的植物構造の発生過程 (Japanese, exact) Includes flower development stage (PO:0007615), corolla development stage (PO:0007604), and inflorescence development stage (PO:0001083). collective plant organ structure development stage A plant structure development stage (PO:0009012) that has as primary participant a collective plant structure (PO:0025497). POC:curators etapa de desarrollo de una estructura colectiva de la planta (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 集合的植物構造の発生過程 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A multi-tissue plant structure development stage (PO:0025571) that has as primary participant a plant organ (PO:0009008) . organ development stage (broad) PO_GIT:522 etapa de desarrollo de un &#243rgano (Spanish, exact) 植物器官発生過程 (Japanese, exact) Includes development stages for leaves and roots. plant organ development stage A multi-tissue plant structure development stage (PO:0025571) that has as primary participant a plant organ (PO:0009008) . POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators etapa de desarrollo de un &#243rgano (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 植物器官発生過程 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant organ (PO:0009008) that is part of a flower (PO:0009046). PO_GIT:423 &#243rgano floral (Spanish, exact) flower organ (exact) 花器官 (Japanese, exact) Includes phyllomes such as anthers and petals, as well as shoot axes such as androphores and gynophores. floral organ A plant organ (PO:0009008) that is part of a flower (PO:0009046). POC:curators &#243rgano floral (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花器官 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is part of a peripheral zone (PO:0000225) of a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) and will give rise to a phyllome primordium (PO:0025128). phyllome meristem (broad) PO_GIT:427 フィロム原基 (Japanese, exact) The phyllome anlagen is only detectable by gene expression, not morphology. phyllome anlagen A portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) that is part of a peripheral zone (PO:0000225) of a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) and will give rise to a phyllome primordium (PO:0025128). POC:Laurel_Cooper POC:curators フィロム原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a vascular leaf primordium (PO:0000017) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:0000225) of a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148). leaf meristem (broad) PO_GIT:407 維管束系葉原基 (Japanese, exact) This is the region where you have the maximum concentration of auxin in the SAM (at least in a few species that have been studied). vascular leaf anlagen A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a vascular leaf primordium (PO:0000017) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:0000225) of a shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148). PMID:14732442 POC:Laurel_Cooper 維管束系葉原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a cotyledon primordium (PO:0000015) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of an embryo shoot apical meristem (PO:0006362). PO_GIT:407 precursor de cotiled&#243n (Spanish, exact) 子葉原基 (Japanese, exact) cotyledon anlagen A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a cotyledon primordium (PO:0000015) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of an embryo shoot apical meristem (PO:0006362). POC:curators precursor de cotiled&#243n (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 子葉原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A primordium (PO:0025127) that is committed to the development of a floral organ (PO:0025395) and is part of a reproductive shoot apex (PO:0025222). PO_GIT:465 floral structure primordia (exact, plural) portion of floral structure primordium tissue (exact) primordio de organo floral (Spanish, exact) 花器官原基 (Japanese, exact) If annotating to a primordium of a floral structure, it is better to use the more specific term, such as petal primordium (PO:0000021) or anther primordium (PO:0006089). floral organ primordium A primordium (PO:0025127) that is committed to the development of a floral organ (PO:0025395) and is part of a reproductive shoot apex (PO:0025222). POC:curators floral structure primordia (exact, plural) primordio de organo floral (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花器官原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an androecium (PO:0009061). PO_GIT:465 portion of androecium primordium tissue (exact) primordium del androecio (Spanish, exact) 雄蕊群原基(可視的） (Japanese, exact) Use stamen primordium (PO:0004705) for the primordium (PO:0025127) of an individual stamen (PO:0009029). androecium primordium A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an androecium (PO:0009061). POC:curators primordium del androecio (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 雄蕊群原基(可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a bract primordium (PO:0025487) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of a reproductive shoot apical meristem (PO:0008028). anlagen de br&#225ctea (Spanish, exact) 苞原基 (Japanese, exact) bract anlagen A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a bract primordium (PO:0025487) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of a reproductive shoot apical meristem (PO:0008028). POC:Ramona_Walls anlagen de br&#225ctea (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 苞原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a stamen primordium (PO:0004705) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of a flower meristem (PO:0000229). anlagen del estambre (Spanish, exact) 雄蕊原基 (Japanese, exact) stamen anlagen A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a stamen primordium (PO:0004705) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of a flower meristem (PO:0000229). POC:Ramona_Walls anlagen del estambre (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 雄蕊原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A phyllome primordium (PO:0025487) that is committed to the development of a flower bract (PO:0009055). PO_GIT:466 bract primordia (exact, plural) portion of bract primordium tissue (exact) primordio de la br&#225ctea (Spanish, exact) 苞原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) bract primordium A phyllome primordium (PO:0025487) that is committed to the development of a flower bract (PO:0009055). POC:curators bract primordia (exact, plural) primordio de la br&#225ctea (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 苞原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A bract primordium (PO:0025128) is committed to the development of a flower bract (PO:0009034). PO_GIT:466 flower bract primordia (exact, plural) portion of flower bract primordium tissue (exact) primordio de la br&#225ctea floral (Spanish, exact) 花苞（葉）原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) flower bract primordium A bract primordium (PO:0025128) is committed to the development of a flower bract (PO:0009034). POC:Ramona_Walls flower bract primordia (exact, plural) primordio de la br&#225ctea floral (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花苞（葉）原基（可視的） (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A bract primordium (PO:0025128) is committed to the development of an inflorescence bract (PO:0009054). PO_GIT:466 inflorescence bract primordia (exact, plural) primordio de la br&#225ctea de la inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) 花序苞原基 (Japanese, exact) portion of inflorescence bract primordium tissue (related) inflorescence bract primordium A bract primordium (PO:0025128) is committed to the development of an inflorescence bract (PO:0009054). POC:Ramona_Walls inflorescence bract primordia (exact, plural) primordio de la br&#225ctea de la inflorescencia (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 花序苞原基 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant structure (PO:0009011) that has as parts two or more portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007) of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single structural unit demarcated by primarily bona-fide boundaries from other structural units of different types. PO_GIT:480 estructura vegetal con m&#250ltiples tejidos (Spanish, exact) 複数の組織からなる植物構造 (Japanese, exact) Most multi-tissue plant structures have at least a small connection to other plant structures via a fiat boundary, such as where a leaf (PO:0025034) connects to a shoot axis (PO:0025029), a petal (PO:0009032) connects to a receptacle (PO:0009064), or a branch (PO:0025073) connects to a stem (PO:0009047). Refers to CARO:0000055 multi-tissue structure, def'n: Anatomical structure that has as parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types, and which through specific morphogenetic processes, form a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundries from other structural units of differnt types. multi-tissue plant structure A plant structure (PO:0009011) that has as parts two or more portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007) of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single structural unit demarcated by primarily bona-fide boundaries from other structural units of different types. CARO:0000055 POC:curators estructura vegetal con m&#250ltiples tejidos (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 複数の組織からなる植物構造 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003) and includes two or more adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) or adjacent cardinal organ parts (PO:0025001), along with any associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007). PO_GIT:479 estructura vegetal colectiva (Spanish, exact) 集合的植物構造 (Japanese, exact) This is a parent term to describe both collective organ part structure (PO:0025269) (e.g. septum), as well as collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) (which was formerly named collective plant structure), for example shoot system (PO:0009006). collective plant structure A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003) and includes two or more adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) or adjacent cardinal organ parts (PO:0025001), along with any associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007). POC:curators estructura vegetal colectiva (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 集合的植物構造 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki A fruit development stage (PO:0001002) that begins with the formation of a plant zygote (PO:0000423) that is contained in the fruit (PO:0009001) being studied and ends when that fruit's fruit ripening stage (PO:0025502) begins. PO_GIT:504 A fruit formation stage may begin without fertilization or formation of a plant zygote (PO:0000423) in cases of parthenocarpy, apomixis, or other hormone-induced conditions. This stage applies to an individual fruit. For the development stage of a whole plant (PO:0000003), use whole plant fruit formation stage (PO:0007042). fruit formation stage A fruit development stage (PO:0001002) that begins with the formation of a plant zygote (PO:0000423) that is contained in the fruit (PO:0009001) being studied and ends when that fruit's fruit ripening stage (PO:0025502) begins. POC:curators A fruit development stage (PO:0001002) during which a single fruit (PO:0009001) participates in the process of fruit ripening (GO:0009835). PO_GIT:506 Succeeds a fruit formation stage (PO:0025501). This stage is to be used for an individual fruit. Fruit ripening (GO:0009835) is defined as: an aging process that has as participant a fruit. Ripening causes changes in one or more characteristics of a fruit (color, aroma, flavor, texture, hardness, cell wall structure) and may make it more attractive to animals and aid in seed dispersal. For the development stage of a whole plant (PO:0000003), use whole plant fruit ripening stage (PO:0007010). fruit ripening stage A fruit development stage (PO:0001002) during which a single fruit (PO:0009001) participates in the process of fruit ripening (GO:0009835). POC:curators A collective plant organ structure development stage (PO:0025338) that begins with the onset of the plant organ development stage (PO:0025339) and ends with either gametophyte senescent stage (PO:0025343) or sporophyte senescent stage (PO:0007017) or death. PO_GIT:517 The shoot system (PO:0009006) develops fron the shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148) in the plant embryo (PO:0009009) in vascular plants. In lower plants the gametophore (PO:0030018) arises from a gametophore meristematic apical cell (PO:0030019) in the protonema (PO:0030003). shoot system development stage A collective plant organ structure development stage (PO:0025338) that begins with the onset of the plant organ development stage (PO:0025339) and ends with either gametophyte senescent stage (PO:0025343) or sporophyte senescent stage (PO:0007017) or death. POC:Laurel_Cooper A shoot system development stage (PO:0025527) that has as primary participant a bud (PO:0009006). PO_GIT:517 bud development stage A shoot system development stage (PO:0025527) that has as primary participant a bud (PO:0009006). POC:Laurel_Cooper A shoot system development stage (PO:0025527) that has as primary participant a reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082). PO_GIT:517 reproductive shoot system development stage A shoot system development stage (PO:0025527) that has as primary participant a reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082). POC:Laurel_Cooper A bud development stage (PO:0025528) during which a bud (PO:0009006) enlarges due to growth of the shoot system (PO:0009006). PO_GIT:517 E-L 2 (exact) bud swell stage A bud development stage (PO:0025528) during which a bud (PO:0009006) enlarges due to growth of the shoot system (PO:0009006). POC:Laurel_Cooper A shoot system development stage (PO:0025527) during which a shoot system (PO:0009006) emerges from the bud (PO:0009006). PO_GIT:517 E-L 4 (exact) bud burst stage A shoot system development stage (PO:0025527) during which a shoot system (PO:0009006) emerges from the bud (PO:0009006). POC:Laurel_Cooper A leaf development stage (PO:0001050) that occurs during the interval between the onset of the vascular leaf initiation stage (PO:0001051) and the termination of the vascular leaf senescent stage (PO:0001054). PO_GIT:555 In some plants, the leaf developmental stages may occur in the same leaf simultaneously. For example, leaves maize (or other grasses) have various zones where stages are occurring along the length of the lamina. vascular leaf development stage A leaf development stage (PO:0001050) that occurs during the interval between the onset of the vascular leaf initiation stage (PO:0001051) and the termination of the vascular leaf senescent stage (PO:0001054). POC:Brian_Atkinson POC:Laurel_Cooper A plant structure development stage (PO:0009012) that has as primary participant a multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496). PO_GIT:492 multi-tissue plant structure development stage A plant structure development stage (PO:0009012) that has as primary participant a multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496). POC:Laurel_Cooper A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) that begins with the formation of procambium (PO:0025275) and protoderm (PO:0006210) and ends with the formation and differentiation of the leaf epidermis (PO:0006016) and leaf vascular system (PO:0000036) and all the specialized cells of the vascular leaf. PO_GIT:572 vascular leaf morphogenesis stage (exact) vascular leaf differentiation stage A vascular leaf development stage (PO:0025570) that begins with the formation of procambium (PO:0025275) and protoderm (PO:0006210) and ends with the formation and differentiation of the leaf epidermis (PO:0006016) and leaf vascular system (PO:0000036) and all the specialized cells of the vascular leaf. POC:Laurel_Cooper A plant organ development stage (PO:0025339) that has a primary participant a phyllome (PO:0025023). PO_GIT:548 estado de desarrollo del filoma (Spanish, exact) phyllome development stage A plant organ development stage (PO:0025339) that has a primary participant a phyllome (PO:0025023). POC:Laura_Moore POC:Laurel_Cooper estado de desarrollo del filoma (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo A flower development stage (PO:0007615) that occurs in an individual flower (PO:000904) during the interval between the onset of a floral organ meristem development stage (PO:0007601) and the onset of a flowering stage (PO:0007616). PO_GIT:550 PO_GIT:604 flower morphogenesis stage (exact) During this stage, the process of floral organ development (GO:0048437) occurs. Floral organ development is defined as the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the floral organ over time, from its formation to the mature structure. floral organ formation stage A flower development stage (PO:0007615) that occurs in an individual flower (PO:000904) during the interval between the onset of a floral organ meristem development stage (PO:0007601) and the onset of a flowering stage (PO:0007616). POC:curators A flower (PO:0009046) that includes as part a single carpel (PO:0009030) or a gynoecium (PO:0009062), but the androecium (PO:0009061) is absent or has aborted during development. diclinous flower (broad) imperfect flower (broad) PO_GIT:585 carpellate flower (exact) female flower (related) pistillate flower A flower (PO:0009046) that includes as part a single carpel (PO:0009030) or a gynoecium (PO:0009062), but the androecium (PO:0009061) is absent or has aborted during development. POC:Laurel_Cooper female flower (related) CO_125:0000050 A flower (PO:0009046) that includes as part an androecium (PO:0009061), and the gynoecium (PO:0009062) is absent or has aborted during development. diclinous flower (broad) imperfect flower (broad) PO_GIT:585 adenate flower (related) male flower (related) staminate flower A flower (PO:0009046) that includes as part an androecium (PO:0009061), and the gynoecium (PO:0009062) is absent or has aborted during development. POC:Laurel_Cooper male flower (related) CGP:curators A plant cell (PO:0009002) that is either part of a multicellular whole plant (PO:0000003) 'in vivo' or a unicellular organism 'in natura' (i.e. part of a natural environment). PO_GIT:586 A native plant cell is one that is not grown or maintained in vitro, nor part of an in vitro plant structure (PO:0000004). native plant cell A plant cell (PO:0009002) that is either part of a multicellular whole plant (PO:0000003) 'in vivo' or a unicellular organism 'in natura' (i.e. part of a natural environment). POC:Laurel_Cooper A shoot system (PO:0009006) that has as parts only vegetative tissues and organs. PO_GIT:167 PO_GIT:593 vegetative shoot system A shoot system (PO:0009006) that has as parts only vegetative tissues and organs. POC:Laurel_Cooper A whole plant development stage (PO:0007033) that has as primary participant a whole plant (PO:0000003) during the interval between fertilization (or apogamy) and death. PO_GIT:139 PO_GIT:68 fase esporof&#237tica (Spanish, exact) sporophytic development stage (exact) sporophytic phase (exact) sporphyte phase (exact) 胞子体発生過程 (Japanese, exact) A whole plant (PO:0000003) in the sporophyte development stage usually has twice the chromosome complement of a plant in the gametophytic phase, but may not in the case of apogamy. Examples of apogamy include both naturally occurring instances (such as sporophytes arising form haploid cells as in bryophytes or ferns) as well as in vitro instances (such as haploid embryo culture or in vitro fusion of non-gamete cells or protoplasts). During the sporophyte development stage, a plant may produce meiospores by meiosis. sporophyte development stage A whole plant development stage (PO:0007033) that has as primary participant a whole plant (PO:0000003) during the interval between fertilization (or apogamy) and death. POC:curators fase esporof&#237tica (Spanish, exact) POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo 胞子体発生過程 (Japanese, exact) NIG:Yukiko_Yamazaki herbaceous plant woody plant perennial plant A vegetative shoot system that does not yet have any unfolded true leaves. new shoot system new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system new shoot system emerging from ground new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle seedling new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle A vegetative bud that is participating in a bud dormancy process. dormant leaf bud dormant vegetative bud A vegetative bud that is not participating in a bud dormancy process. non-dormant leaf bud non-dormant vegetative bud A non-dormant vegetative bud that is in the bud swell stage. swelling leaf bud swelling vegetative bud A non-dormant vegetative bud that is in the bud burst stage. breaking leaf bud If a breaking vegetative bud is present, it implies that a new shoot system and unfolding true leaf are also present and observable, hence the 'subclass of' axiom. breaking vegetative bud A vascular leaf that is not a cotyledon. true leaf An expanding true leaf that is in the vascular leaf unfolding stage. unfolding true leaf A true leaf that is in the vascular leaf expanding unfolded stage or vascular leaf post-expansion stage or vascular leaf senescent stage. unfolded true leaf A unfolded true leaf that is in the vascular leaf expanding unfolded stage or vascular leaf post-expansion stage. non-senescing unfolded true leaf A unfolded true leaf that is in the vascular leaf senescent stage. senescing true leaf A non-senescing unfolded true leaf that is in the vascular leaf expanding unfolded stage or vascular leaf expanded immature stage. immature unfolded true leaf A non-senescing unfolded true leaf that is in the vascular leaf mature stage. mature true leaf An expanding true leaf that is in the vascular leaf expanding unfolded stage. expanding unfolded true leaf An immature unfolded true leaf that is in the vascular leaf expanded immature stage. expanded immature true leaf A true leaf that is in the vascular leaf expansion stage. expanding true leaf A plant structure that is either a reproductive shoot system or a fruit. reproductive structure A seed that has participated in a seed maturation stage. mature seed floral structure TRUE A reproductive shoot system with at least one non-senesced floral organ. non-senesced floral structure non-senesced reproductive shoot system A non-senesced reproductive shoot system in which all floral organs are unopened. unopened floral structure unopened reproductive shoot system A non-senesced reproductive shoot system with at least one open floral organ. open floral structure open reproductive shoot system An open reproductive shoot system with at least one pollen-releasing floral organ. pollen-releasing floral structure pollen-releasing reproductive shoot system A reproductive shoot system that has completed floral organ senescence. senesced floral structure senesced reproductive shoot system A flower in which all the petaloid floral organs have not completed floral organ senescence. Petaloid floral organs generally are the petals, sepal, or tepals, but may also be floral bracts or petaloid anthers. For scoring phenology in grasses, petaloid floral organs can include lemma, palea or glume, even though a glume is not strictly a floral organ, because it encloses an inflorescence. non-senesced flower A 'non-senesced flower' that is in the 'unopened flower stage'. unopened flower A 'non-senesced flower' that is in the 'open flower stage'. open flower An 'open flower' that is in the 'pollen-releasing flower stage'. pollen-releasing flower A flower in which all of the petaloid floral organs have completed floral organ senescence. Petaloid floral organs generally are the petals, sepal, or tepals, but may also be floral bracts or petaloid anthers. For scoring phenology in grasses, petaloid floral organs can include lemma, palea or glume, even though a glume is not strictly a floral organ, because it encloses an inflorescence. senesced flower An inflorescence with at least one non-senesced flower. In the case of an unopened inflorescence, the non-senesced flower(s) might not be visible. non-senesced flower head non-senesced inflorescence A non-senesced inflorescence in which all flowers are unopened flowers. The unopened flowers might not yet be visible. unopened flower head unopened inflorescence A non-senesced inflorescence with at least one open flower. open flower head open inflorescence An open inflorescence with at least one pollen-releasing flower. pollen-releasing flower head pollen-releasing inflorescence An inflorescence on which there are no remaining non-senesced flowers. senesced flower head senesced inflorescence A reproductive structure composed of two or more fruits that have fused during development. Includes aggregate fruits (one flower contains several separate ovaries, which merge during development, e.g., raspberrries) or multiple fruits (several flowers, each with an ovary, develop into small fruits that are clustered or fused together into a larger fruit, e.g., pineapple). This term was created in the PPO because phenological studies often count aggregate fruits as a single fruit, which is not consistent with the PO definition of fruit. compound fruit simple fruit or compound fruit A simple fruit or compound fruit that is in the fruit ripening stage. ripening fruit TRUE A ripening fruit that is in the fruit unripe stage. unripe fruit TRUE A simple fruit or compound fruit that is in the fruit ripe stage. Fruits with the species-specific definition of ripeness including color change, splitting of a capsule or readiness to drop but before visible deterioration begins. ripe fruit A microsporangiate strobilus (pollen cone) that has not yet completed the microsporangiate strobilus pollen-releasing stage. non-senesced pollen cone non-senesced microsporangiate strobilus A non-senesced microsporangiate strobilus (pollen cone) that is in the microsporangiate strobilus open stage. open pollen cone open microsporangiate strobilus An open microsporangiate strobilus (pollen cone) that is in the microsporangiate strobilus pollen-releasing stage. pollen-releasing pollen cone pollen-releasing microsporangiate strobilus A megasporangiate strobilus (seed cone) that has not yet been abscised and has not yet released all of its seeds. non-senesced seed cone non-senesced megasporangiate strobilus A non-senesced megasporangiate strobilus that is in the megasporangiate strobilus ripening stage. ripening seed cone ripening megasporangiate strobilus TRUE A non-senesced megasporangiate strobilus (seed cone) that is in the megasporangiate strobilus unopened stage. unopened seed cone unopened megasporangiate strobilus A ripening megasporangiate strobilus that is in the megasporangiate strobilus ripe stage. ripe seed cone ripe megasporangiate strobilus TRUE A plant structure that is not a whole plant; i.e. a proper part of a whole plant. Note that a portion of a plant need no longer be physically part of the whole plant from which it originated (e.g., a herbarium specimen). portion of a plant TRUE A 'non-senesced staminate flower' that is in the 'open flower stage'. open male flower open staminate flower A 'non-senesced pistillate flower' that is in the 'open flower stage'. open female flower open pistillate flower A 'non-senesced staminate flower' that is in the 'unopened flower stage'. unopened male flower unopened staminate flower A 'non-senesced pistillate flower' that is in the 'unopened flower stage'. unopened female flower unopened pistillate flower A staminate flower in which all the petaloid floral organs have not completed floral organ senescence. Petaloid floral organs generally are the petals, sepal, or tepals, but may also be floral bracts or petaloid anthers. For scoring phenology in grasses, petaloid floral organs can include lemma, palea or glume, even though a glume is not strictly a floral organ, because it encloses an inflorescence. non-senesced male flower non-senesced staminate flower A pistillate flower in which all the petaloid floral organs have not completed floral organ senescence. Petaloid floral organs generally are the petals, sepal, or tepals, but may also be floral bracts or petaloid anthers. For scoring phenology in grasses, petaloid floral organs can include lemma, palea or glume, even though a glume is not strictly a floral organ, because it encloses an inflorescence. non-senesced female flower non-senesced pistillate flower A staminate flower in which all of the petaloid floral organs have completed floral organ senescence. Petaloid floral organs generally are the petals, sepal, or tepals, but may also be floral bracts or petaloid anthers. For scoring phenology in grasses, petaloid floral organs can include lemma, palea or glume, even though a glume is not strictly a floral organ, because it encloses an inflorescence. senesced male flower senesced staminate flower A pistillate flower in which all of the petaloid floral organs have completed floral organ senescence. Petaloid floral organs generally are the petals, sepal, or tepals, but may also be floral bracts or petaloid anthers. For scoring phenology in grasses, petaloid floral organs can include lemma, palea or glume, even though a glume is not strictly a floral organ, because it encloses an inflorescence. senesced female flower senesced pistillate flower An 'open staminate flower' that is in the 'pollen-releasing flower stage'. pollen-releasing male flower pollen-releasing staminate flower A senescing true leaf that may be abscised from the plant or still attached and that is completely dead. There is no reliable marker for when a leaf is completely dead, so this class is subjective and does not relate to a Plant Ontology plant structure development stage. senesced true leaf A non-senesced megasporangiate strobilus (seed cone) that is in the megasporangiate strobilus open stage. open seed cone open megasporangiate strobilus An open megasporangiate strobilus (seed cone) that is in the megasporangiate strobilus post-fertilization immature stage. immature post-fertilization seed cone immature post-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus An open megasporangiate strobilus (seed cone) that is in the megasporangiate strobilus mature stage. mature seed cone mature megasporangiate strobilus A megasporangiate strobilus (seed cone) that is in the megasporangiate strobilus dehisced stage. dehisced seed cone dehisced megasporangiate strobilus A non-senesced microsporangiate strobilus (pollen cone) that is in the microsporangiate strobilus unopened stage. unopened pollen cone unopened microsporangiate strobilus A microsporangiate strobilus (pollen cone) that has completed the microsporangiate strobilus pollen-releasing stage and is no longer actively producing or releasing pollen. senesced pollen cone senesced microsporangiate strobilus A simple fruit or compound fruit that is in the fruit developing stage, which includes both formation and ripening. Fruits starting from the first visible swelling of the ovary until species-specific definition of "ripeness", exclusive. developing fruit A ripe fruit that is dehiscing. dehiscing ripe fruit A simple fruit or compound fruit that is in the post-ripe phase and is undergoing a natural aging and deterioration process, often characterized by loss of color, flavor, and texture. Overripe, deteriorating fruits or empty fruit capsules that have released all their seeds but are still attached to the plant. senescing fruit A senescing fruit that has split open and released its seeds. dehisced senescing fruit An open megasporangiate strobilus (seed cone) that is in the megasporangiate strobilus pre-fertilization immature stage. immature pre-fertilization seed cone immature pre-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus A flower bud that is in the flower bud breaking stage. breaking flower bud An inflorescence bud that is in the inflorescence bud breaking stage. breaking flower head bud breaking inflorescence bud A quality of a whole plant that provides phenologically relevant information about the whole plant. plant phenological trait A plant phenological trait that represents whether a plant structure is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of plant structure The number of plant structure can be 0 or more. plant structure presence A plant phenological trait that is measured by the number of some plant structure that a whole plant has abscised. presence of abscised plant structure The number can be 0 or more and only includes plant structures that have recently abscised within the last growing season. abscised plant structure presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a new shoot system is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of new shoot system The number of new shoot system can be 0 or more. new shoot system presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system The number of new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system can be 0 or more. new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a new shoot system emerging from ground is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of new shoot system emerging from ground The number of new shoot system emerging from ground can be 0 or more. new shoot system emerging from ground presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle The number of new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle can be 0 or more. new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle presence A plant phenological trait that is measured by whether or not a whole plant is a seedling. presence of seedling For consistency with other trait measurements, seedling presence is also measured with a count, which must be a binary value: 0 if the plant is a seedling, 1 if it is not. seedling presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle The number of new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle can be 0 or more. new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a vegetative bud is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of vegetative bud The number of vegetative bud can be 0 or more. vegetative bud presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a dormant vegetative bud is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of dormant vegetative bud The number of dormant vegetative bud can be 0 or more. dormant vegetative bud presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a non-dormant vegetative bud is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of non-dormant vegetative bud The number of non-dormant vegetative bud can be 0 or more. non-dormant vegetative bud presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a swelling vegetative bud is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of swelling vegetative bud The number of swelling vegetative bud can be 0 or more. swelling vegetative bud presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a breaking vegetative bud is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of breaking vegetative bud The number of breaking vegetative bud can be 0 or more. breaking vegetative bud presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a vascular leaf is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of vascular leaf The number of vascular leaf can be 0 or more. vascular leaf presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a true leaf is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of true leaf The number of true leaf can be 0 or more. true leaf presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a unfolding true leaf is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of unfolding true leaf The number of unfolding true leaf can be 0 or more. unfolding true leaf presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a unfolded true leaf is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of unfolded true leaf The number of unfolded true leaf can be 0 or more. unfolded true leaf presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a non-senescing unfolded true leaf is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of non-senescing unfolded true leaf The number of non-senescing unfolded true leaf can be 0 or more. non-senescing unfolded true leaf presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a senescing true leaf is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of senescing true leaf The number of senescing true leaf can be 0 or more. senescing true leaf presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a immature unfolded true leaf is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of immature unfolded true leaf The number of immature unfolded true leaf can be 0 or more. immature unfolded true leaf presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a mature true leaf is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of mature true leaf The number of mature true leaf can be 0 or more. mature true leaf presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a expanding unfolded true leaf is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of expanding unfolded true leaf The number of expanding unfolded true leaf can be 0 or more. expanding unfolded true leaf presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a expanded immature true leaf is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of expanded immature true leaf The number of expanded immature true leaf can be 0 or more. expanded immature true leaf presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a expanding true leaf is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of expanding true leaf The number of expanding true leaf can be 0 or more. expanding true leaf presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a reproductive structure is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of reproductive structure The number of reproductive structure can be 0 or more. reproductive structure presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a reproductive shoot system is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of reproductive shoot system The number of reproductive shoot system can be 0 or more. reproductive shoot system presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a non-senesced reproductive shoot system is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of non-senesced reproductive shoot system The number of non-senesced reproductive shoot system can be 0 or more. non-senesced reproductive shoot system presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a unopened reproductive shoot system is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of unopened reproductive shoot system The number of unopened reproductive shoot system can be 0 or more. unopened reproductive shoot system presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a open reproductive shoot system is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of open reproductive shoot system The number of open reproductive shoot system can be 0 or more. open reproductive shoot system presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a pollen-releasing reproductive shoot system is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of pollen-releasing reproductive shoot system The number of pollen-releasing reproductive shoot system can be 0 or more. pollen-releasing reproductive shoot system presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a senesced reproductive shoot system is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of senesced reproductive shoot system The number of senesced reproductive shoot system can be 0 or more. senesced reproductive shoot system presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a flower is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of flower The number of flower can be 0 or more. flower presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a non-senesced flower is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of non-senesced flower The number of non-senesced flower can be 0 or more. non-senesced flower presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a unopened flower is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of unopened flower The number of unopened flower can be 0 or more. unopened flower presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a open flower is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of open flower The number of open flower can be 0 or more. open flower presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a pollen-releasing flower is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of pollen-releasing flower The number of pollen-releasing flower can be 0 or more. pollen-releasing flower presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a senesced flower is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of senesced flower The number of senesced flower can be 0 or more. senesced flower presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a inflorescence is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of inflorescence The number of inflorescence can be 0 or more. inflorescence presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a non-senesced inflorescence is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of non-senesced inflorescence The number of non-senesced inflorescence can be 0 or more. non-senesced inflorescence presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a unopened inflorescence is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of unopened inflorescence The number of unopened inflorescence can be 0 or more. unopened inflorescence presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a open inflorescence is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of open inflorescence The number of open inflorescence can be 0 or more. open inflorescence presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a pollen-releasing inflorescence is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of pollen-releasing inflorescence The number of pollen-releasing inflorescence can be 0 or more. pollen-releasing inflorescence presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a senesced inflorescence is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of senesced inflorescence The number of senesced inflorescence can be 0 or more. senesced inflorescence presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a simple fruit or compound fruit is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of simple fruit or compound fruit The number of simple fruit or compound fruit can be 0 or more. simple fruit or compound fruit presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a ripening fruit is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of ripening fruit The number of ripening fruit can be 0 or more. ripening fruit presence TRUE A plant structure presence that represents whether a unripe fruit is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of unripe fruit The number of unripe fruit can be 0 or more. unripe fruit presence TRUE A plant structure presence that represents whether a ripe fruit is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of ripe fruit The number of ripe fruit can be 0 or more. ripe fruit presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of strobilus The number of strobilus can be 0 or more. strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a microsporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of microsporangiate strobilus The number of microsporangiate strobilus can be 0 or more. microsporangiate strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a non-senesced microsporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of non-senesced microsporangiate strobilus The number of non-senesced microsporangiate strobilus can be 0 or more. non-senesced microsporangiate strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a open microsporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of open microsporangiate strobilus The number of open microsporangiate strobilus can be 0 or more. open microsporangiate strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a pollen-releasing microsporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of pollen-releasing microsporangiate strobilus The number of pollen-releasing microsporangiate strobilus can be 0 or more. pollen-releasing microsporangiate strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a megasporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of megasporangiate strobilus The number of megasporangiate strobilus can be 0 or more. megasporangiate strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a non-senesced megasporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of non-senesced megasporangiate strobilus The number of non-senesced megasporangiate strobilus can be 0 or more. non-senesced megasporangiate strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a ripening megasporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. ripening megasporangiate strobilus presence TRUE A plant structure presence that represents whether a unopened megasporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of unopened megasporangiate strobilus The number of unopened megasporangiate strobilus can be 0 or more. unopened megasporangiate strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a ripe megasporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. ripe megasporangiate strobilus presence TRUE A plant phenological trait that is measured by the number of true leaves that a whole plant has abscised. presence of abscised leaf The number can be 0 or more and only includes leaves that have recently abscised within the last growing season. abscised leaf presence A plant phenological trait that is measured by the number of a whole plant's ripe fruits that have been abscised or removed by an herbivore and/or the number of ripe fruits on a whole plant that have abscised at least one mature seed. presence of abscised fruit or seed abscised fruit or seed presence The number can be 0 or more and only includes fruits or seeds that have recently abscised within the last growing season. abscised fruit presence A plant phenological trait that is measured by the number of a whole plant's open megasporangiate strobili that have been abscised or removed by an herbivore and/or the number of open megasporangiate strobili on a whole plant that have abscised at least one mature seed. abscised cone or seed presence presence of abscised cone or seed presence of abscised megasporangiate strobilus abscised megasporangiate strobilus or seed presence The number can be 0 or more and only includes megasporangiate strobili or seeds that have recently abscised within the last growing season. abscised megasporangiate strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a non-vascular leaf is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of non-vascular leaf The number of non-vascular leaf can be 0 or more. non-vascular leaf presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a open pistillate flower is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of open pistillate flower The number of open pistillate flower can be 0 or more. open pistillate flower presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a open staminate flower is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of open staminate flower The number of open staminate flower can be 0 or more. open staminate flower presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a unopened staminate flower is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of unopened staminate flower The number of unopened staminate flower can be 0 or more. unopened staminate flower presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a unopened pistillate flower is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of unopened pistillate flower The number of unopened pistillate flower can be 0 or more. unopened pistillate flower presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a non-senesced staminate flower is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of non-senesced staminate flower The number of non-senesced staminate flower can be 0 or more. non-senesced staminate flower presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a non-senesced pistillate flower is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of non-senesced pistillate flower The number of non-senesced pistillate flower can be 0 or more. non-senesced pistillate flower presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a senesced staminate flower is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of senesced staminate flower The number of senesced staminate flower can be 0 or more. senesced staminate flower presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a senesced pistillate flower is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of senesced pistillate flower The number of senesced pistillate flower can be 0 or more. senesced pistillate flower presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a pollen-releasing staminate flower is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of pollen-releasing staminate flower The number of pollen-releasing staminate flower can be 0 or more. pollen-releasing staminate flower presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a senesced true leaf is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of senesced true leaf The number of senesced true leaf can be 0 or more. senesced true leaf presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a open megasporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of open megasporangiate strobilus The number of open megasporangiate strobilus can be 0 or more. open megasporangiate strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a immature post-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of immature post-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus The number of immature post-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus can be 0 or more. immature post-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a mature megasporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of mature megasporangiate strobilus The number of mature megasporangiate strobilus can be 0 or more. mature megasporangiate strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a dehisced megasporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of dehisced megasporangiate strobilus The number of dehisced megasporangiate strobilus can be 0 or more. dehisced megasporangiate strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a unopened microsporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of unopened microsporangiate strobilus The number of unopened microsporangiate strobilus can be 0 or more. unopened microsporangiate strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a senesced microsporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of senesced microsporangiate strobilus The number of senesced microsporangiate strobilus can be 0 or more. senesced microsporangiate strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a developing fruit is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of developing fruit The number of developing fruit can be 0 or more. developing fruit presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a dehiscing ripe fruit is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of dehiscing ripe fruit The number of dehiscing ripe fruit can be 0 or more. dehiscing ripe fruit presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a senescing fruit is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of senescing fruit The number of senescing fruit can be 0 or more. senescing fruit presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a dehisced senescing fruit is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of dehisced senescing fruit The number of dehisced senescing fruit can be 0 or more. dehisced senescing fruit presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a immature pre-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of immature pre-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus The number of immature pre-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus can be 0 or more. immature pre-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a breaking flower bud is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of breaking flower bud The number of breaking flower bud can be 0 or more. breaking flower bud presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a breaking inflorescence bud is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of breaking inflorescence bud The number of breaking inflorescence bud can be 0 or more. breaking inflorescence bud presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a reproductive bud is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of reproductive bud The number of reproductive bud can be 0 or more. reproductive bud presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a flower bud is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of flower bud The number of flower bud can be 0 or more. flower bud presence A plant structure presence that represents whether a inflorescence bud is present or absent on a whole plant. presence of inflorescence bud The number of inflorescence bud can be 0 or more. inflorescence bud presence A plant structure presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one plant structure as part plant structure present A new shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one new shoot system as part new shoot system present A new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system as part new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system present A new shoot system emerging from ground presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one new shoot system emerging from ground as part new shoot system emerging from ground present A new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle as part new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle present A seedling presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one seedling as part seedling present A new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle as part new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle present A vegetative bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one vegetative bud as part vegetative bud present A dormant vegetative bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one dormant vegetative bud as part dormant vegetative bud present A non-dormant vegetative bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one non-dormant vegetative bud as part non-dormant vegetative bud present A swelling vegetative bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one swelling vegetative bud as part swelling vegetative bud present A breaking vegetative bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one breaking vegetative bud as part breaking vegetative bud present A vascular leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one vascular leaf as part vascular leaf present A true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one true leaf as part true leaf present A unfolding true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one unfolding true leaf as part unfolding true leaf present A unfolded true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one unfolded true leaf as part unfolded true leaf present A non-senescing unfolded true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one non-senescing unfolded true leaf as part non-senescing unfolded true leaf present A senescing true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one senescing true leaf as part senescing true leaf present A immature unfolded true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one immature unfolded true leaf as part immature unfolded true leaf present A mature true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one mature true leaf as part mature true leaf present A expanding unfolded true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one expanding unfolded true leaf as part expanding unfolded true leaf present A expanded immature true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one expanded immature true leaf as part expanded immature true leaf present A expanding true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one expanding true leaf as part expanding true leaf present A reproductive structure presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one reproductive structure as part reproductive structure present A reproductive shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one reproductive shoot system as part reproductive shoot system present A non-senesced reproductive shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one non-senesced reproductive shoot system as part non-senesced reproductive shoot system present A unopened reproductive shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one unopened reproductive shoot system as part unopened reproductive shoot system present A open reproductive shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one open reproductive shoot system as part open reproductive shoot system present A pollen-releasing reproductive shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one pollen-releasing reproductive shoot system as part pollen-releasing reproductive shoot system present A senesced reproductive shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one senesced reproductive shoot system as part senesced reproductive shoot system present A flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one flower as part flower present A non-senesced flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one non-senesced flower as part non-senesced flower present A unopened flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one unopened flower as part unopened flower present A open flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one open flower as part open flower present A pollen-releasing flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one pollen-releasing flower as part pollen-releasing flower present A senesced flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one senesced flower as part senesced flower present A inflorescence presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one inflorescence as part inflorescence present A non-senesced inflorescence presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one non-senesced inflorescence as part non-senesced inflorescence present A unopened inflorescence presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one unopened inflorescence as part unopened inflorescence present A open inflorescence presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one open inflorescence as part open inflorescence present A pollen-releasing inflorescence presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one pollen-releasing inflorescence as part pollen-releasing inflorescence present A senesced inflorescence presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one senesced inflorescence as part senesced inflorescence present A simple fruit or compound fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one simple fruit or compound fruit as part simple fruit or compound fruit present A ripening fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one ripening fruit as part ripening fruit present TRUE A unripe fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one unripe fruit as part unripe fruit present TRUE A ripe fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one ripe fruit as part ripe fruit present A strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one strobilus as part strobilus present A microsporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one microsporangiate strobilus as part microsporangiate strobilus present A non-senesced microsporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one non-senesced microsporangiate strobilus as part non-senesced microsporangiate strobilus present A open microsporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one open microsporangiate strobilus as part open microsporangiate strobilus present A pollen-releasing microsporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one pollen-releasing microsporangiate strobilus as part pollen-releasing microsporangiate strobilus present A megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one megasporangiate strobilus as part megasporangiate strobilus present A non-senesced megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one non-senesced megasporangiate strobilus as part non-senesced megasporangiate strobilus present A ripening megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one ripening megasporangiate strobilus as part ripening megasporangiate strobilus present TRUE A unopened megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one unopened megasporangiate strobilus as part unopened megasporangiate strobilus present A ripe megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one ripe megasporangiate strobilus as part ripe megasporangiate strobilus present TRUE An abscised plant structure presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant from which at least one of some plant structure has been abscised or removed. This only includes plant structures that have recently abscised within the last growing season. abscised plant structure present An abscised leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant from which at least one true leaf has been abscised. This only includes leaves that have recently abscised within the last growing season. abscised leaf present An abscised fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant from which at least one ripe fruit has been abscised or removed by an herbivore or that has at least one ripe fruit from which at least one mature seed has been abscised. abscised fruit or seed present This only includes fruits or seeds that have recently abscised within the last growing season. abscised fruit present An abscised megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant from which at least one open megasporangiate strobilus has been abscised or removed by an herbivore or that has at least one open megasporangiate strobilus that has at least one mature seed that has abscised. abscised cone or seed present abscised megasporangiate strobilus or seed present This only includes megasporangiate strobili or seeds that have recently abscised within the last growing season. abscised megasporangiate strobilus present A non-vascular leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one non-vascular leaf as part non-vascular leaf present A open pistillate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one open pistillate flower as part open pistillate flower present A open staminate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one open staminate flower as part open staminate flower present A unopened staminate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one unopened staminate flower as part unopened staminate flower present A unopened pistillate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one unopened pistillate flower as part unopened pistillate flower present A non-senesced staminate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one non-senesced staminate flower as part non-senesced staminate flower present A non-senesced pistillate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one non-senesced pistillate flower as part non-senesced pistillate flower present A senesced staminate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one senesced staminate flower as part senesced staminate flower present A senesced pistillate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one senesced pistillate flower as part senesced pistillate flower present A pollen-releasing staminate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one pollen-releasing staminate flower as part pollen-releasing staminate flower present A senesced true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one senesced true leaf as part senesced true leaf present A open megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one open megasporangiate strobilus as part open megasporangiate strobilus present A immature post-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one immature post-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus as part immature post-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus present A mature megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one mature megasporangiate strobilus as part mature megasporangiate strobilus present A dehisced megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one dehisced megasporangiate strobilus as part dehisced megasporangiate strobilus present A unopened microsporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one unopened microsporangiate strobilus as part unopened microsporangiate strobilus present A senesced microsporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one senesced microsporangiate strobilus as part senesced microsporangiate strobilus present A developing fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one developing fruit as part developing fruit present A dehiscing ripe fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one dehiscing ripe fruit as part dehiscing ripe fruit present A senescing fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one senescing fruit as part senescing fruit present A dehisced senescing fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one dehisced senescing fruit as part dehisced senescing fruit present A immature pre-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one immature pre-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus as part immature pre-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus present A breaking flower bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one breaking flower bud as part breaking flower bud present A breaking inflorescence bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one breaking inflorescence bud as part breaking inflorescence bud present A reproductive bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one reproductive bud as part reproductive bud present A flower bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one flower bud as part flower bud present A inflorescence bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that has at least one inflorescence bud as part inflorescence bud present A new shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a new shoot system as part new shoot system absent A new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system as part new above-ground shoot-borne shoot system absent A new shoot system emerging from ground presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a new shoot system emerging from ground as part new shoot system emerging from ground absent A new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle as part new shoot system emerging from ground in first growth cycle absent A seedling presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a seedling as part seedling absent A new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle as part new shoot system emerging from ground in later growth cycle absent A vegetative bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a vegetative bud as part vegetative bud absent A dormant vegetative bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a dormant vegetative bud as part dormant vegetative bud absent A non-dormant vegetative bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a non-dormant vegetative bud as part non-dormant vegetative bud absent A swelling vegetative bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a swelling vegetative bud as part swelling vegetative bud absent A breaking vegetative bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a breaking vegetative bud as part breaking vegetative bud absent A vascular leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a vascular leaf as part vascular leaf absent A true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a true leaf as part true leaf absent A unfolding true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a unfolding true leaf as part unfolding true leaf absent A unfolded true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a unfolded true leaf as part unfolded true leaf absent A non-senescing unfolded true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a non-senescing unfolded true leaf as part non-senescing unfolded true leaf absent A senescing true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a senescing true leaf as part senescing true leaf absent A immature unfolded true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a immature unfolded true leaf as part immature unfolded true leaf absent A mature true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a mature true leaf as part mature true leaf absent A expanding unfolded true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a expanding unfolded true leaf as part expanding unfolded true leaf absent A expanded immature true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a expanded immature true leaf as part expanded immature true leaf absent A expanding true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a expanding true leaf as part expanding true leaf absent A reproductive structure presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a reproductive structure as part reproductive structure absent A reproductive shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a reproductive shoot system as part reproductive shoot system absent A non-senesced reproductive shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a non-senesced reproductive shoot system as part non-senesced reproductive shoot system absent A unopened reproductive shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a unopened reproductive shoot system as part unopened reproductive shoot system absent A open reproductive shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a open reproductive shoot system as part open reproductive shoot system absent A pollen-releasing reproductive shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a pollen-releasing reproductive shoot system as part pollen-releasing reproductive shoot system absent A senesced reproductive shoot system presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a senesced reproductive shoot system as part senesced reproductive shoot system absent A flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a flower as part flower absent A non-senesced flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a non-senesced flower as part non-senesced flower absent A unopened flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a unopened flower as part unopened flower absent A open flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a open flower as part open flower absent A pollen-releasing flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a pollen-releasing flower as part pollen-releasing flower absent A senesced flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a senesced flower as part senesced flower absent A inflorescence presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a inflorescence as part inflorescence absent A non-senesced inflorescence presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a non-senesced inflorescence as part non-senesced inflorescence absent A unopened inflorescence presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a unopened inflorescence as part unopened inflorescence absent A open inflorescence presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a open inflorescence as part open inflorescence absent A pollen-releasing inflorescence presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a pollen-releasing inflorescence as part pollen-releasing inflorescence absent A senesced inflorescence presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a senesced inflorescence as part senesced inflorescence absent A simple fruit or compound fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a simple fruit or compound fruit as part simple fruit or compound fruit absent A ripening fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a ripening fruit as part ripening fruit absent TRUE A unripe fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a unripe fruit as part unripe fruit absent TRUE A ripe fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a ripe fruit as part ripe fruit absent A strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a strobilus as part strobilus absent A microsporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a microsporangiate strobilus as part microsporangiate strobilus absent A non-senesced microsporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a non-senesced microsporangiate strobilus as part non-senesced microsporangiate strobilus absent A open microsporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a open microsporangiate strobilus as part open microsporangiate strobilus absent A pollen-releasing microsporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a pollen-releasing microsporangiate strobilus as part pollen-releasing microsporangiate strobilus absent A megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a megasporangiate strobilus as part megasporangiate strobilus absent A non-senesced megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a non-senesced megasporangiate strobilus as part non-senesced megasporangiate strobilus absent A ripening megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a ripening megasporangiate strobilus as part ripening megasporangiate strobilus absent TRUE A unopened megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a unopened megasporangiate strobilus as part unopened megasporangiate strobilus absent A ripe megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a ripe megasporangiate strobilus as part ripe megasporangiate strobilus absent TRUE An abscised plant structure presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant from which none of some plant structure have been abscised or removed. This only includes plant structures that have recently abscised within the last growing season. abscised plant structure absent An abscised leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant from which no true leaves have been abscised. This only includes leaves that have recently abscised within the last growing season. abscised leaf absent An abscised fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant from which no ripe fruits have been abscised or removed by herbivores and that does not have any ripe fruits from which any mature seeds have abscised. abscised fruit or seed absent This only includes fruits or seeds that have recently abscised within the last growing season. abscised fruit absent An abscised megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant from which no open megasporangiate strobili have been abscised or removed by herbivores and that does not have any open megasporangiate strobili from which any mature seeds have abscised. abscised cone or seed absent abscised megasporangiate strobilus or seed absent This only includes megasporangiate strobili or seeds that have recently abscised within the last growing season. abscised megasporangiate strobilus absent A non-vascular leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a non-vascular leaf as part non-vascular leaf absent A open pistillate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a open pistillate flower as part open pistillate flower absent A open staminate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a open staminate flower as part open staminate flower absent A unopened staminate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a unopened staminate flower as part unopened staminate flower absent A unopened pistillate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a unopened pistillate flower as part unopened pistillate flower absent A non-senesced staminate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a non-senesced staminate flower as part non-senesced staminate flower absent A non-senesced pistillate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a non-senesced pistillate flower as part non-senesced pistillate flower absent A senesced staminate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a senesced staminate flower as part senesced staminate flower absent A senesced pistillate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a senesced pistillate flower as part senesced pistillate flower absent A pollen-releasing staminate flower presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a pollen-releasing staminate flower as part pollen-releasing staminate flower absent A senesced true leaf presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a senesced true leaf as part senesced true leaf absent A open megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a open megasporangiate strobilus as part open megasporangiate strobilus absent A immature post-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a immature post-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus as part immature post-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus absent A mature megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a mature megasporangiate strobilus as part mature megasporangiate strobilus absent A dehisced megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a dehisced megasporangiate strobilus as part dehisced megasporangiate strobilus absent A unopened microsporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a unopened microsporangiate strobilus as part unopened microsporangiate strobilus absent A senesced microsporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a senesced microsporangiate strobilus as part senesced microsporangiate strobilus absent A developing fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a developing fruit as part developing fruit absent A dehiscing ripe fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a dehiscing ripe fruit as part dehiscing ripe fruit absent A senescing fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a senescing fruit as part senescing fruit absent A dehisced senescing fruit presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a dehisced senescing fruit as part dehisced senescing fruit absent A immature pre-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a immature pre-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus as part immature pre-fertilization megasporangiate strobilus absent A breaking flower bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a breaking flower bud as part breaking flower bud absent A breaking inflorescence bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a breaking inflorescence bud as part breaking inflorescence bud absent A reproductive bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a reproductive bud as part reproductive bud absent A flower bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a flower bud as part flower bud absent A inflorescence bud presence trait that is a quality of a whole plant that does not have a inflorescence bud as part inflorescence bud absent A whole plant development stage that begins with seed germination or exit from dormancy, ends with death or entry into dormancy, and during which the participant plant is not dormant. This class is not intended to apply to in vitro-grown plants such as tissue culture, where growth can begin with cell division. plant growth cycle TRUE A plant growth cycle that begins with seed germination. initial growth cycle TRUE A plant growth cycle that begins with exit from dormancy of the participating plant. This cycle cannot begin with the exit from dormancy of a seed. later growth cycle TRUE plant regreening process TRUE A planned process that has as input a whole plant and has as output a measurement datum that is a quality datum of some plant phenological trait. phenology observing process A vascular leaf expansion stage during which a vascular leaf participates in the process of unfolding. This stage ends when a leaf is considered unfolded, which varies by species, but generally occurs once the leaf blade has unfolded enough to appear more or less like a small version of the adult leaf. For species with scaled buds, this is generally once the entire leaf blade has emerged from a breaking bud; for conifers, once a needle begins to spread away at an angle from the developing stem or from other needles in a bundle (e.g. pines); for grasses, once the leaf blade unrolls slightly from around the stem and begins to fall away at an angle; for sedges, once the leaf has grown long enough that the two halves of the blade have begun to spread apart like an open book; for rushes, once the exposed, green portion of the leaf has reached a specified length. vascular leaf unfolding stage A vascular leaf expansion stage during which a vascular leaf has completed the process of unfolding but is still expanding in size. This stage begins when a leaf is considered unfolded, which varies by species, but generally occurs once the leaf blade has unfolded enough to appear more or less like a small version of the adult leaf. For species with scaled buds, this is generally once the entire leaf blade has emerged from a breaking bud; for conifers, once a needle begins to spread away at an angle from the developing stem or from other needles in a bundle (e.g. pines); for grasses, once the leaf blade unrolls slightly from around the stem and begins to fall away at an angle; for sedges, once the leaf has grown long enough that the two halves of the blade have begun to spread apart like an open book; for rushes, once the exposed, green portion of the leaf has reached a specified length. vascular leaf expanding unfolded stage A vascular leaf post-expansion stage during which a vascular leaf has not yet completed the process of maturing. In this stage, the leaf is fully expanded but not yet the same color and texture as fully mature leaves. vascular leaf expanded immature stage A vascular leaf post-expansion stage during which a vascular leaf has completed the process of maturing. vascular leaf mature stage A flower development stage in which a flower has not yet opened. unopened flower stage A flower development stage in which a flower has opened. open flower stage An open flower stage in which the anthers are releasing pollen. pollen-releasing flower stage A fruit ripening stage in which the ripening fruit has not yet reached the fruit ripe stage. fruit unripe stage TRUE A fruit development stage in which the fruit has completed ripening to the taxon-specific point at which it is widely considered by botanical experts to have seeds that are developed enough to be ready for dispersal, or, in the case of agricultural crops, the point at which the fruit is considered palatable for human consumption. fruit ripe stage A reproductive shoot system development stage that has as primary participant a strobilus. strobilus development stage A microsporangiate strobilus (pollen cone) development stage in which the pollen cone is open. microsporangiate strobilus open stage A microsporangiate strobilus (pollen cone) open stage in which the pollen cone is releasing pollen. microsporangiate strobilus pollen-releasing stage A strobilus (cone) development stage that has as primary participant a megasporangiate strobilus (seed cone). megasporangiate strobilus development stage A megasporangiate strobilus (seed cone) development stage in which the seed cone has not yet reached the megasporangiate strobilus open stage. megasporangiate strobilus unopened stage A megasporangiate strobilus(seed cone) ripening stage in which the ripening seed cone has completed ripening to the taxon-specific point at which it is widely considered by botanical experts to have seeds that are developed enough to be ready for dispersal. megasporangiate strobilus ripe stage TRUE A strobilus (cone) development stage that has as primary participant a microsporangiate strobilus (pollen cone). microsporangiate strobilus development stage A bud burst stage that has as primary participant a flower bud. flower bud breaking stage A bud burst stage that has as primary participant an inflorescence bud. inflorescence bud breaking stage A megasporangiate strobilus (seed cone) development stage, beginning when the scales of a seed cone have opened for pollination and ending when the seeds have fully dehisced. For seed cones that do not dehisce, this stage ends when seed cones have dropped from the plant. In some species, seed cones reclose and open multiple times before seeds dehisce. For those species, the seed cones are in this stage after the first time they open, even if they re-close, although it may be hard to know. megasporangiate strobilus open stage A megasporangiate strobilus (seed cone) open stage in which a seed is developing after fertilization. This stage begins when a megasporangium has been fertilized and begins to swell and ends when the seed cone opens and the first seed abscises or drops. For seed cones that do not dehisce, this stage ends when the seed cone has reached its mature color. megasporangiate strobilus post-fertilization immature stage A megasporangiate strobilus (seed cone) open stage in which this year's seed cone is open and seeds are in the process of abscising or dropping. For seed cones that do not dehisce, this stage begins when the seed cone has reached its mature color. megasporangiate strobilus mature stage A megasporangiate strobilus (seed cone) development stage in which a seed from the previous year's cones is dehisced but still attached to the plant. megasporangiate strobilus dehisced stage A microsporangiate strobilus (pollen cone) development stage in which the pollen cone has not yet reached the microsporangiate strobilus open stage. microsporangiate strobilus unopened stage A fruit development stage that begins with the formation of a plant zygote that is contained in the fruit being studied and ends when that fruit has completed the fruit ripening stage. fruit developing stage A megasporangiate strobilus (seed cone) open stage in which no megasporangium has been fertilized yet. This stage begins when the scales of a seed cone have opened for pollination and ends when a megasporangium has been fertilized and begins to swell. megasporangiate strobilus pre-fertilization immature stage An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts and always involves and depends on some entity. BFO:0000003 This term is being aligned with COB processual entity An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts and always involves and depends on some entity. span:ProcessualEntity End of the life of an organism. XAO:0000437 XtroDO:0000085 death death stage End of the life of an organism. XAO:0000437 A spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism. BILS:0000105 EFO:0000399 FBdv:00007012 FMA:24120 MESH:D008018 PdumDv:0000090 WBls:0000002 XAO:1000000 ZFS:0000000 ZFS:0100000 ncithesaurus:Developmental_Stage developmental stage stage life cycle stage A spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165 Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. AAO:0010841 AEO:0000000 BFO:0000004 BILA:0000000 BIRNLEX:6 CARO:0000000 EHDAA2:0002229 FMA:62955 HAO:0000000 MA:0000001 NCIT:C12219 TAO:0100000 TGMA:0001822 WBbt:0000100 XAO:0000000 ZFA:0100000 anatomical entity Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. FMA:62955 http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-8737