true true entity An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. continuant A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything. b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) independent continuant b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002 quality A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same. b is a relational specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a specifically dependent continuant and there are n > 1 independent continuants c1, … cn which are not spatial regions are such that for all 1 i < j n, ci and cj share no common parts, are such that for each 1 i n, b s-depends_on ci at every time t during the course of b’s existence (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [131-004]) b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) specifically dependent continuant b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003 An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. material entity A system which has the disposition to environ one or more material entities. environment environmental system A system which has the disposition to environ one or more material entities. DOI:10.1186/2041-1480-4-43 A layer is a quantity of some material which is spatially continuous, has comparable thickness, and usually covers some surface. layer A layer is a quantity of some material which is spatially continuous, has comparable thickness, and usually covers some surface. Wiktionary:layer A layer which is determined by a form of vegetation. forest layer forest stratum woodland layer woodland stratum vegetation layer An environmental system which includes both living and non-living components. ecosystem An environmental system which includes both living and non-living components. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem A canopy which is composed of the aboveground portion, or crowns, of a community of crop plants. crop canopy A vegetation layer which is formed by a collection of individual plant crowns, themselves constituting part of the aboveground portion of a plant community. canopy A vegetation layer which is formed by a collection of individual plant crowns, themselves constituting part of the aboveground portion of a plant community. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canopy_%28biology%29 An ecosystem which 1) is determined by communities of annual crops, perennial woody crops, or by actively tilled land, 2) is primarily used for agricultural activity, and 3) contains no village or larger human settlement. cropland ecosystem An ecosystem which 1) is determined by communities of annual crops, perennial woody crops, or by actively tilled land, 2) is primarily used for agricultural activity, and 3) contains no village or larger human settlement. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/070062 terrestrial ecosystem all root all Viruses biota cellular organisms biota eubacteria Monera Procaryotae Prokaryota Prokaryotae bacteria prokaryote prokaryotes Bacteria Archaea eucaryotes eukaryotes Eucarya Eucaryotae Eukarya Eukaryotae eukaryotes Eukaryota eucaryotes eukaryotes Eucarya Eucaryotae Eukarya Eukaryotae eukaryotes Chlorophyta/Embryophyta group chlorophyte/embryophyte group green plants Chlorobionta Chloroplastida green plants Viridiplantae A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs. organism A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities quality A quality of a single physical entity inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure. morphology A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative position, shape, arrangements and connectivity of an organism's various parts; the pattern underlying its form. conformation relational structural quality structure A quality which inheres in a continuant. monadic quality of a continuant multiply inhering quality of a physical entity quality of a continuant quality of a single physical entity quality of an object quality of continuant monadic quality of an object monadic quality of continuant physical object quality A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's processing the form of a thin plate sheet or layer. laminar A material entity consisting of multiple components that are causally integrated. system