true true true entity An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. continuant An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. occurrent b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) independent continuant b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002 p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) process p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/083-003 quality b is a relational specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a specifically dependent continuant and there are n &gt; 1 independent continuants c1, … cn which are not spatial regions are such that for all 1 i &lt; j n, ci and cj share no common parts, are such that for each 1 i n, b s-depends_on ci at every time t during the course of b’s existence (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [131-004]) b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) specifically dependent continuant b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003 object An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. material entity A part of an astronomical body which is primarily composed of solid material. geological feature landform physiographic feature solid astronomical body part A part of an astronomical body which is primarily composed of solid material. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landform geological feature ADL:FTT A material entity which other material entities in an environmental system are primarily or partially composed of. portion of environmental material environmental material A material entity which other material entities in an environmental system are primarily or partially composed of. http://ontology.buffalo.edu/smith/articles/niches.html https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2041-1480-4-43 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material A layer of some material entity which is adjacent to one or more of its external boundaries and directly interacts with its immediate surroundings. surface layer A layer of some material entity which is adjacent to one or more of its external boundaries and directly interacts with its immediate surroundings. URL:http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/surface A system which has the disposition to environ one or more material entities. environment environmental system A system which has the disposition to environ one or more material entities. DOI:10.1186/2041-1480-4-43 A material entity which 1) is spatially continuous, 2) is composed of material of comparable thickness, composition, and physical properties, and 3) is physically distinct from adjacent portions of environmental material. layer A material entity which 1) is spatially continuous, 2) is composed of material of comparable thickness, composition, and physical properties, and 3) is physically distinct from adjacent portions of environmental material. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/layer An anthropogenic environment is an environmental system which is the product of human activity. anthropogenic environment A layer which is determined by a form of vegetation. forest layer forest stratum woodland layer woodland stratum vegetation layer Outer space is a hard vacuum containing a low density of particles, predominantly a plasma of hydrogen and helium as well as electromagnetic radiation, magnetic fields, neutrinos, dust and cosmic rays that exists between celestial bodies. space outer space Outer space is a hard vacuum containing a low density of particles, predominantly a plasma of hydrogen and helium as well as electromagnetic radiation, magnetic fields, neutrinos, dust and cosmic rays that exists between celestial bodies. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer_space An object which is naturally occuring, bound together by gravitational or electromagnetic forces, and surrounded by space. celestial body astronomical body An object which is naturally occuring, bound together by gravitational or electromagnetic forces, and surrounded by space. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_object An object which is composed of one or more gravitationally bound structures that are associated with a position in space. celestial object astronomical object An object which is composed of one or more gravitationally bound structures that are associated with a position in space. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_object A material part of an astronomical body. astronomical body part An environmental material which is in a solid state. solid environmental material An environmental system in which minimal to no anthropisation has occurred and non-human agents are the primary determinants of the system's dynamics and composition. natural environment An environmental system in which minimal to no anthropisation has occurred and non-human agents are the primary determinants of the system's dynamics and composition. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropization https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_environment A process during which a natural environmental system is altered by human action. anthropization anthropisation A process during which a natural environmental system is altered by human action. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropization An environmental system which is determined by materials bearing roughly homogeneous qualities. environmental system determined by a quality An environmental system within which an environmental material strongly influences the system's composition and properties. environmental system determined by a material An environmental system which is determined by a living organism. host-associated environment environmental system determined by an organism An environmental system determined by a green plant. plant environment Viridiplantae-associated environment plant-associated environment An environmental system determined by an animal. animal environment Metazoan-associated environment animal-associated environment An environmental system which includes both living and non-living components. ecosystem An environmental system which includes both living and non-living components. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem A quality which inheres in a astronomical body or astronomical body part by virtue of the variation in its material composition, participation in geological processes, and the variation in is land- and hydroforms. geodiversity A quality which inheres in a astronomical body or astronomical body part by virtue of the variation in its material composition, participation in geological processes, and the variation in is land- and hydroforms. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geodiversity A process during which an ecosystem, its parts, or the processes it participates in are modified by human intervention to accomplish an objective. ecosystem management Umweltmaßnahme environmental management active ecosystem management process Umweltmaßnahme https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9620-2832 www.awi.de/internas A process during which an ecosystem, its parts, or the processes it participates in are modified by human intervention to accomplish an objective. https://www.iucn.org/theme/protected-areas/about/protected-areas-categories/category-iv-habitatspecies-management-area A canopy which is composed of the aboveground portion, or crowns, of a community of crop plants. crop canopy A vegetation layer which is formed by a collection of individual plant crowns, themselves constituting part of the aboveground portion of a plant community. canopy A vegetation layer which is formed by a collection of individual plant crowns, themselves constituting part of the aboveground portion of a plant community. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canopy_%28biology%29 An ecosystem which 1) is determined by communities of annual crops, perennial woody crops, or by actively tilled land, 2) is primarily used for agricultural activity, and 3) contains no village or larger human settlement. cropland ecosystem An ecosystem which 1) is determined by communities of annual crops, perennial woody crops, or by actively tilled land, 2) is primarily used for agricultural activity, and 3) contains no village or larger human settlement. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/070062 A layer which is primarily composed of some solid material, allowing for non-solid parts such as interstitial pockets of gas or liquid. solid layer A surface layer which is composed primarily of solid environmental material. solid surface layer An anthropogenic environmental process which includes all human activities undertaken in a natural, semi-natural, or anthropised environment. land use process An anthropogenic environmental process which includes all human activities undertaken in a natural, semi-natural, or anthropised environment. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/11493/144275.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_use A process during which an ecosystem - natural or anthropised - is changed by the actions of humans. anthropogenic ecosystem conversion process A planned process during which humans access and obtain resources, benefits, or services from a natural or anthropised ecosystem. planned environmental usage process A land use process during which terrestrial environments are modified such that they can grow crop plants or allow the rearing of animals to provide food, fiber, medicines, or other products used by humans. agriculture A land use process during which terrestrial environments are modified such that they can grow crop plants or allow the rearing of animals to provide food, fiber, medicines, or other products used by humans. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/11493/144275.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_use A surface layer where the solid or liquid material of an astronomical body comes into contact with an atmosphere or outer space. land surface surface of an astronomical body A layer which separates two portions of environmental material which possess 1) differing compositions, 2) a discontinuity of some property, or 3) some derivative of some property in a direction normal to the interface. interface layer An object which is composed primarily of an environmental material mass of environmental material An mass of environmental material which is composed primarily of a solid environmental material mass of solid material 2 An mass of environmental materials which has appreciable quantities of several individual materials, such that the removal of one would convert the mass into a different entity. mass of compounded environmental materials A part of an astronomical body which is composed of a continuous medium bearing liquid, gaseous, and solid material in variable quantities. compound astronomical body part A part of an astronomical body which is composed of a continuous medium bearing liquid, gaseous, and solid material in variable quantities. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landform A surface layer of an astronomical body which is primarily composed of solid material and is not covered by oceans or other bodies of water. land A surface layer of an astronomical body which is primarily composed of solid material and is not covered by oceans or other bodies of water. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/land An ecosystem which primarily occurs on land. terrestrial ecosystem An environmental process either driven by or primarily impacting the parts or emergent properties of an ecosystem. ecosystem process An ecosystem which is formed as a result of human activity or impact. anthropised ecosystem A process in which includes the components of an environmental system as participants. environmental system process A process during which humans apply technology to alter the magnitude, duration, rate, or impact of an environmental process. anthropogenic modulatory intervention process An environmental process which is driven by the action of humans. anthropogenic environmental process The quality of a environmental system process. quality of environmental system process environmental system process quality An environment which is determined by an anatomical entity. anatomical entity environment A biological process is the execution of a genetically-encoded biological module or program. It consists of all the steps required to achieve the specific biological objective of the module. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence. biological process physiological process single organism process single-organism process biological_process all root all Viruses Teleostomi bony vertebrates Euteleostomi biota cellular organisms biota Dipnotetrapodomorpha Boreotheria Boreoeutheria eubacteria Bacteria (ex Cavalier-Smith 1987) Bacteria Woese et al. 2024 Bacteriobiota Monera Procaryotae Prokaryota Prokaryotae bacteria prokaryote prokaryotes Bacteria Homo/Pan/Gorilla group Homininae Archaea eucaryotes eukaryotes Eucarya Eucaryotae Eukarya Eukaryotae eukaryotes Eukaryota eucaryotes eukaryotes Eucarya Eucaryotae Eukarya Eukaryotae eukaryotes Euarchontoglires Anthropoidea Simiiformes ape apes Hominoidea tetrapods Tetrapoda amniotes Amniota Theria Theria <mammals> Chlorophyta/Embryophyta group chlorophyte/embryophyte group green plants Chlorobionta Chloroplastida green plants Viridiplantae Fungi/Metazoa group opisthokonts Opisthokonta Fungi/Metazoa group opisthokonts metazoans multicellular animals Animalia animals Metazoa Bilateria deuterostomes Deuterostomia Haplorrhini mammals mammals Mammalia Eumetazoa chordates chordates Chordata Vertebrata vertebrates vertebrates Vertebrata <vertebrates> Gnathostomata jawed vertebrates Gnathostomata <vertebrates> Sarcopterygii Craniata Craniata <chordates> eutherian mammals placental mammals placentals Placentalia placentals Eutheria primate Primata primates Primates Catarrhini great apes Pongidae Hominidae humans Homo human Homo sapiens A process that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification. planned process A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs. organism A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities quality A quality of a single physical entity inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure. morphology A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's occurrence. temporal incidence occurrence A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative position, shape, arrangements and connectivity of an organism's various parts; the pattern underlying its form. conformation relational structural quality structure A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being uninterrupted in time, sequence, substance, or extent. uninterrupted continuous A quality of a physical entity that exists through action of continuants at the physical level of organisation in relation to other entities. relational physical quality physical quality A quality which inheres in an process. quality of a process quality of occurrent quality of process relational quality of occurrent process quality A quality which inheres in a continuant. monadic quality of a continuant multiply inhering quality of a physical entity quality of a continuant quality of a single physical entity quality of an object quality of continuant monadic quality of an object monadic quality of continuant physical object quality A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting the physical characteristics of an entity characterized by particles arranged such that their shape and volume are relatively stable. solidity quality of a solid physical quality of a process A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's processing the form of a thin plate sheet or layer. laminar A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of its constitution. quality of a substance A temporal distribution pattern of process occurrences within a regulation/reference process. temporal distribution quality A material entity consisting of multiple components that are causally integrated. system Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. anatomical entity