An ontology that describes phenotypic traits in plants. Each trait is a distinguishable feature, characteristic, quality or phenotypic feature of a developing or mature plant.
OBSOLETE Sensitivity to the carbon content in the growth medium. It plays an important role in the synthesis of various inorganic and organic metabolites such as carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids and peptides and plays a role in various metabolic processes.
OBSOLETE. An epigenetic trait is a distinguishable feature or a characteristic or a quality of character or a phenotypic feature of a developing or developed individual but have arisen as a result of mechanisms regulating the expression of the genes rather than differences in the gene sequence.
Plant sensitivity to soils with alkali conditions (pH>7).
Observed by general growth conditions in relation to standard resistant and susceptible checks. Since some soil problems are very heterogeneous in the field, several replications may be needed to obtain precise reading. Leaf is counted as discolored or dead if more than half of its area is discolored or dead.
Trait of a plant in which the action of the cytotoxic gene used to introduce male sterility is suppressed by the application of a chemical to the plant. Reversion of the sterility allows the RMS parent to be self-fertilized, a step that overcomes the need to remove fertile sib plants prior to making the hybrid cross.
Sensitivity to the calcium content in the growth medium. Plays an important role in cell wall synthesis and enzyme activities.
Response by the plant in terms of sensitivity to sulfur content in the growth medium. It is important for synthesis of some amino acid residues.
Sensitivity to the potassium ion content in the growth medium. It plays an important role in controlling water by osmosis and also in the metal ion homeostasis.
A plant male sterility trait (TO:0000437) which arises as a result of photoperiod.
photoperiod sensitive genic male sterility (related)
Sensitivity to the magnesium content in the growth medium. It is important for chlorophyll biosynthesis and metal ion homeostasis.
Sensitivity to the nitrogen content in the growth medium. It is important for protein synthesis, chlorophyll etc.
OBSOLETE Sensitivity to the molecular hydrogen or hydrogen ion content in the growth medium. It plays an important role in the synthesis of various inorganic and organic metabolites such as carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids and peptides and plays a role in the energy metabolism, osmolarity, etc.
molecular hydrogen sensitivity (related)
A microbial disease response (TO:0000112) trait which is the response to damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011) caused by an infection by a mycoplasma (NCBITaxon:2093).
Plant structure (PO:0009011) includes the whole plant (PO:0000003), as well as parts of a plant. Plants can exhibit varying degrees of resistance or susceptibility to mycoplasma infections. Mycoplasma infections are often associated with an insect vector.
Average weight of the panicle from the plants or tillers in a given study.
OBSOLETE Sensitivity to the molecular oxygen or reactive oxygen ion content in the growth medium. It plays an important role in the synthesis of various inorganic and organic metabolites such as carbohydrates, lipids, aminoacids and peptides and plays a role in the energy metabolism.
OBSOLETE Sensitivity to the cobalt content in the growth medium.
A plant trait (TO:0000387) which is a morphological quality of a plant anatomical entity (PO:0025131) or a constituent cellular component (GO:0005575) contained therein.
Includes traits of plant structures (PO:0009011) such as plant cell (PO:0009002), plant organ (PO:0009008), portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007), vascular system (PO:0000034), whole plant (PO:0000003) and seed (PO:0009010), as well as those of plant anatomical spaces (PO:0025117) and portions of plant substance (PO:0025161).
Sensitivity to the boron content in the growth medium. It plays an important role in cell division.
Average height measurements of 10 seedlings, in centimeters from the base of the shoot to the tip of the tallest leaf blade.
A viral disease response trait (TO:0000148) which is caused by a black streaked dwarf virus.
Sensitivity to the copper ion content in the growth medium. Plays a role as cofactor in synthesis of some enzymes important in photosynthesis.
A Hemiptera damage response trait (TO:0001164) caused by a stink bug (Oebalus pugnax).
Causal agent: species of Sarocladium, Bipolaris, Alternaria, Gerlachia, Fusarium, Phoma, Curvularia, Trichoconiella and Pseudomonas etc.
Symptoms: darkening of glumes of spikelets, brown color to black including rotten glumes caused by one or more pathogens. Intensity ranges from sporadic discoloration to discoloration of the whole glume. Severity of grain discoloration can be estimated by counting of grains with more than 25% of glume surface affected.
A ligule morphology trait (TO:0002748) which is a length of a ligule measured in millimeters from the base of the leaf collar to the tip of the ligule (PO:0020105).
Refer to length PATO:0000122: A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points.
Abortion at tri-nucleate stage of microspore development.
Actual count of the total number of tillers after full heading, Specify if per plant, hill or area.
Number of unfilled florets in a grass inflorescence.
Sensitivity to the chlorine content in the growth medium. Chloride helps regulate the correct pH (acid/alkaline) balance. This is a major electrolyte in the living cell besides sodium and potassium. It is available to the cell mainly in the form of NaCl and KCl salts.
A weed damage response (TO:0000347) trait which is the response of a plant to weed competition from sedge weeds.
Sedges are perennial plants which resemble grasses, and commonly grow in shallow water or moist soils, such as rice production fields. Sedges may be distinguished from grasses by their stem cross-section (solid, triangular) and leaf shape (long, thin-textured, narrow and flat). Common sedge weeds in rice fields include Smallflower Umbrella Sedge (Cyperus difformis), Ricefield Bulrush (Scirpus mucronatus), and River Bulrush (Scirpus fluviatilis).
A mineral and ion transport trait (TO:0020096) which involves the uptake and movement of silicon.
OBSOLETE Sensitivity to the chromium content in the growth medium.
A plant reproductive trait (TO:0000392) which is a genetic barrier preventing fertilization within a plant, or between two different plants.
An incompatibility trait (TO:0000035) which is a genetic barrier preventing fertilization in a cross between two different lines.
OBSOLETE. Determines the extent of male sterility of a male sterile line. Can be determined by either pollen sterility or spikelet fertility
degree of male sterility of male sterile lines (related)
OBSOLETE. Defines the components that determine the over all yield from a plant
A panicle morphology trait (TO:0000847) which is the measurement in centimeters from panicle base to tip.
A grain length (TO:0000734) monitored after dehulling but before polishing. The grain should contain pericarp (PO:0009084).
Refer to length (PATO:0000122): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points.
A plant axis morphology trait (TO:0000738) which is a quality of a root (PO:0025025).
Trait is monitored by counting number of flowers or florets that have completed anthesis on a given day and showing exserted stigma. Trait expressed as percent stigma exsertion.
stigma exsertion of male sterile lines (related)
Scale, (%), Stigma exsertion; 1- Above 70, Well exserted; 3- 41-70, Moderately well exserted; 5- 21-40, Just exserted; 7- 11-20, Partly exserted; 9- 0-10, Enclosed. Evaluated at growth stage:6 and 7 in rice.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Balanasia oryzae-sativae (Ephelis oryzae).
Symptoms: a white mycelial mat ties the panicle branches together so that they emerge as single, small, cylindrical rods.
A self-incompatibility trait (TO:0000310) where the genotype of the plant determines pollen incompatibility.
Symptoms: infected grains show minute black pustules or streaks bursting through the glumes. In severe infection, the rupturing glumes produce short beak-like or spur-like outgrowths.
A self-incompatibility trait (TO:0000310) where the pollen's genotype determines incompatibility.
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the extent of branching. (PO:0009049).
Branching usually determines the shape and compactness of the inflorescence
A stem morphology trait (TO:0000361) which is the strength of a stem (PO:0009047).
Refer to strength (PATO:0001230): A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's power or force.
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the extent of primary branching that usually sets the tone for shape and compactness of the inflorescence (PO:0009049) (rice panicle).
A biotic plant stress trait (TO:0000179) which is the response to damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011) caused by an animal (NCBITaxon:33208).
Animals include vertebrates and invertebrates such as insects, arachnids and nematodes.
A leaf lamina morphology trait (TO:0000829) which is the extent of pubescence (presence of hairs) on a leaf lamina (PO:0020039).
Refer to pubescent hair (PATO:0001320): A pilosity quality of being covered with short hairs or soft down.
A stem morphology trait (TO:0000361) which is the color of a stem (PO:0009047).
Refer to color (PATO:0000014): A composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts.
A fruit moisture content trait (TO:0000686) which is the amount of moisture in a caryopsis fruit (PO:0030104).
A chemical stress sensitivity (TO:0000482) which is the tolerance exhibited by a plant towards the applied herbicide.
It is expected that the herbicide application must not affect the agronomic yield, if any.
Abortion at uni-nucleate stage of microspore development.
A stem strength (TO:0000051) trait which is the tendency of stem node (PO:0020141) to break apart.
An enzyme activity trait (TO:0000599) which is a measure of the acitivity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymes in a seed coat or hull of a grain which catalyze the oxidation of phenolic compounds leading to the formation of melanin-like pigments.
The phenol reaction is a color reaction used for cultivar identification and purity testing.
A plant stress response trait (TO:0000164) which is the result of mutations that naturally form necrotic lesions in the absence of significant stress or damage and without being harmed by pathogens.
A whole plant morphology trait (TO:0000398) which is a quality of a plant embryo (PO:0009009).
A root morphology trait (TO:0000043) which is the color of a root (PO:0009005).
A plant male sterility trait (TO:0000437) which arises as a result of temperature extremes.
thermo sensitive genic male sterility (related)
Measure of percentage of plants that lodged.
A leaf color (TO:0000326) trait where the leaf (PO:0009025) has areas of green and non-green tissue.
Variegated leaf necrosis or scorching observed in response to stresses like drought, insecticides and cold temperature as evidenced by chlorotic and/or necrotic tissue.
In maize this trait is observed for chlorotic tissue between veins or older leaves, causing holes and torn appearance.
The anthocyanin content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Anthocyanin is the red to purple pigments composed of soluble glycosides of anthocyanidins, present in leaves and floral tissue. Usually the pigment is produced under stress conditions. Amounts of anthocyanin produced depend on stored sugar and sunlight. The more stored sugar in the leaf and brighter the autumn days, the more intense red. Anthocyanin production also increases as phosphates move out of the leaves; the lack of phosphates in young leaves can also lead to the production of anthocyanin.
An awn morphology trait (TO:0002718) which is the length of awn (PO:0025349).
Sensitivity to the manganese content in the growth medium. It is important for activation of some enzymes and role in metal ion homeostasis.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Pyricularia grisea (Magnaporthe grisea).
Symptoms: Can affect either or both the leaves and panicles.
Response shown by the plant in terms of sensitivity to light stress (quality and quantity of light).
OBSOLETE. The instances define various distinguishing trait features associated with inflorescence and its instances.
A collective plant organ structure morphology trait (TO:0000842) which is a quality of a shoot system (PO:0009006).
Does not include traits of fruit, parts of fruit and adventitious roots which are borne on the shoot.
The average dry weight of the root determined in a study.
A bract morphology trait (TO:0000815) which is a quality of a flower bract (PO:0009034).
A plant nutrient response trait (TO:0000480) shown by the plant grown in either the excess or deficient amount of the micronutrient in the growth medium (soil).
The average dry weight of the root, (for the root part 30cm below the soil surface) determined per tiller in a green house study.
A Hemiptera damage response trait (TO:0001164) caused by a zigzag leafhopper (Recilia dorsalis).
Its the total number of roots penetrating the hard pans of the soil or the number of roots penetrated through the wax-petrolatum layer measured at 50 days after sowing (DAS).
A whole plant morphology trait (TO:0000398) which is the number of roots (PO:0009005).
A drought stress response trait (TO:0000394) which is the rolling of a leaf preceding the leaf drying stage.
Leaf rolling is a feature observed in response to stresses like drought, water and temperature. If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf morphology (TO:0000419) or non-vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000925), depending on the species.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Sarocladium oryzae.
Symptoms: oblong or irregular brown to grey lesions on the leaf sheath near panicle; sometimes coalescing to prevent emergence of panicle.
A grain quality trait (TO:0000162) which is the aroma of the cooked or uncooked grains.
It is often associated with the accumulation of the aromatic compound 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline.
Causal agent: rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV). Symptoms: stunting, reduced tillering, mottling and yellowish streaking of the leaves, delayed flowering or incomplete emergence of the panicle; in extreme cases, death of plants.
A panicle inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000847) which is the mode of branching, angle of primary branches, and spikelet density of a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
At 50 days after sowing (DAS), the thickness of roots penetrated through the wax-petrolatum layer is measured. Penetrated root thickness is measured on penetrated roots immediately below the wax layer.
The ratio of deep root length (for the roots found 30cm below the soil surface) and the shoot length determined in a study.
deep root length to shoot length ratio (related)
A drought related trait (TO:0000394) which is a measure of the pulling force required to uproot the plant.
Root pulling force is correlated with root weight (TO:0000279), root branching (TO:0000257) and thick root number. It is a measure of the drought resistance and is often evaluatred on rice seedlings.
The thickness of the root present 2cm below the soil surface.
Sensitivity to the osmoticum in the growth medium.
A shoot system growth and development trait (TO:0000654) which is the ability of a plant to regenerate after harvesting, allowing a secod harvest.
Amount of amylopectin present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
It is a polysaccharide present in starch. Amylopectin is a polymer of alpha(1,4)-linked glucose units, as is amylose (see amylose). Unlike amylose, amylopectin contains branches of 2430 glucose units connected to the main chain by an alpha(1,6) linkage.
An endosperm morphology trait (TO:0000575) which is an opaque and hard endosperm (PO:0009089) with low or no amylose content (TO:0000196).
If the endosperm has high amount of amylose it is called as non-glutinous endosperm. This is also an endosperm quality trait (TO:0000587).
An endosperm morphology trait (TO:0000575) which is a wrinkled and glassy endosperm (PO:0009089) when dry.
This is also an endosperm quality trait (TO:0000587).
An endosperm morphology trait (TO:0000575) which is a shrunken and opaque endosperm (PO:0009089).
This is also an endosperm quality trait (TO:0000587). Refers to shrunken PATO:0000585 A decreased size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting reduced size of a cell or constituent group of cells (for example, organ).
A common sedge weed Monochoria vaginalis (monochoria), California arrowhead Sagittaria montevidensis, Gregg arrowhead Sagittaria longiloba, Ducksalad Heteranthera limosa, Echinodorus berteroi and E. cordifolius (Burhead), Ammannia spp (Redstems), Bacopa spp. (Water hyssops), Alisma plantago-aquatica (Common water plantain). Grows as a weed in the rice field. Can be distinguished from rice plant by the leaf shape, venation, stem cross-section and plant shape leaf shape.
Response to the phosphorus content in the growth medium.
Phosphorus is important in various biochemical pathways and storage of energy."
The sensitivity response shown by the plant growing in a stagnant water for a long period of time (not unlike deepwater presence during flash flooding of the fields).
An endosperm morphology trait (TO:0000575) which is an opaque and soft endosperm (PO:0009089).
An endosperm morphology trait (TO:0000575) which is a glassy and tarnished endosperm (PO:0009089) with low amylose content (TO:0000196).
OBSOLETE Represents the different types of male sterility found in plants.
Assay for the amount of 13kDa seed storage protein present in the endosperm.
A leaf growth and development trait (TO:0000655) which is the extent of leaf shattering based on the development of a leaf abscission zone (PO:0006501).
The leaf shattering trait is the occurence of the biological process of leaf abscission (GO:0060866): the controlled shedding of a leaf.
Assay for amount of 57kDa seed storage protein present in the endosperm.
OBSOLETE Abortion of microspore development at uni-nucleate stage.
A plant male sterility trait (TO:0000437) which is caused by transgenes expressing cytotoxic component.
A biotic plant stress trait (TO:0000179) which is the response to damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011) caused by an infection by a microbial pathogen.
The plant response to a microbial infection may be manifested in either the whole plant (PO:0000003) or in parts of the plant. The damage is a direct measure of resistance to the particular pathogen causing the disease.
An embryo shape trait (TO:0000193) that is a large sized plant embryo (PO:0009009).
Determined as the dry mass of roots per unit soil volume at a given soil section.
Root mass density 0-15 cm was calculated as the dry mass of roots per unit soil volume at 0-15 cm soil section.
A rodent damage response trait (TO:0001141) which is the response to damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011) caused by a rat (NCBITaxon:10114).
Root mass density 15-30 cm was calculated as the dry mass of roots per unit soil volume at 15-30 cm soil section.
Root mass density 30-45 cm was calculated as the dry mass of roots per unit soil volume at 30-45 cm soil section.
Calculated as percent of root mass density over the total root mass density. Both parameters scored at the same depth.
Causal agent: the stem nematode Dictylenchus angustus. Symptoms: leaf mottling or chlorotic discoloration in a splash pattern at base of young leaves in stem elongation or mid-tillering stage; brown stains may develop on leaves and sheaths which later intensify to a dark brown color. A characteristic distortion consisting of twisting and withering of young leaves. A distortion of panicle which either remains enclosed with in a swollen sheath, partially emerge but are twisted and with unfilled grains or emerge completely but with unfilled grains and resembling a whitehead.
Calculated as percent of root mass density in this section over the total root mass density. Both scored at the 0-15cm depth.
Calculated as percent of root mass density in this section over the total root mass density. Both scored at the 15-30cm depth.
A flag leaf morphology trait (TO:0000832) which is an angle of the flag leaf (PO:0020103) measured near the collar, as the angle of attachment between the flag leaf blade and the main inflorescence axis in grass plants.
Calculated as percent of root mass density in this section over the total root mass density. Both scored at the 30-45cm depth.
Causal agent: rice grassy stunt virus 2 (RGSV2). Symptoms: RGSV2 causes severe stunting, excessive tillering, yellow to orange and narrow leaves with small rusty spots.
Causal agent: rice grassy stunt virus 1 (RGSV1). Symptoms: RGSV1 causes severe stunting, excessive tillering, pale green to yellow and narrow leaves with small rusty spots.
Proportion of usable (economically significant) biomass over total (biological) biomass, expressed as a percentage.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Ustilaginoidea virens.
Symptoms: infected grains are transformed into yellow-greenish or greenish-black velvety-looking spore balls.
Sensitivity to the far red light content in the growth environment.
Actual measurements in millimeters from the outer diameter of the stem at the basal portion of the main stem.
OBSOLETE: A subjective assessment of the plant in similar site and growing conditions (often unfavorable conditions) based upon a specific facet of growth.
A starch gelatinization trait (TO:0001167) which is the treatment of starch with an alkali solution, which alters its physical and chemical properties.
Akali digestion is an indirect measure of gelatinization temperature and is inversely proportional to the gelatinization temperature, e.g. if alkali digestion is low, the gelatinization temperature is high.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the length of a leaf (PO:0025034).
Actual measurements, in centimeters of the leaf. Refers to length (PATO:0000122): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points. In maize, this is measured in centimeters. If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf morphology (TO:0000419) or non-vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000925), depending on the species.
Leaf relative water content is determined at midday (12.00 noon).
Number of days required for the inflorescence (head/cob/panicle) to emerge from the flag leaf of a plant or a group of plants in a study.
Often determined when the 50% length of the inflorescence has emerged as compared to its full length. Number of days is calculated from either the day of sowing of seeds or from the day of transplanting the seedlings (in case of rice) depending on type of study.
A grain protein content (TO:0001136) which is the amount of protein (CHEBI:36080) in a brown rice grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104).
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is the color of a lemma apiculus (PO:0025616).
An awn morphology trait (TO:0002718) which is a color of the awn (PO:0025349).
Refer to color PATO:0000014: A composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts.
An inflorescence branching (TO:0000050) trait which is the extent of secondary branching that usually determines the shape and compactness of the inflorescence (PO:0009049) (such as in rice panicle).
secondary branching of panicle (related)
Relative yield was calculated as the ratio of biomass in stress to that of control.
A grain yield trait (TO:0000396) which is the proportion of kernels remaining after milling to remove the bran.
Milling is part of rice processing where the caryopsis hull (PO:0006000) and bran is removed. Milled rice consists of the broken kernels as well as the head rice (whole or 3/4 of original length or longer) milled kernels.
A shoot axis internode morphology trait (TO:0000755) which is the length of a shoot axis internode (PO:0005005).
A seed morphology trait (TO:0000184) which is the length of a seed (PO:0009010).
Seed length is a component of seed size (TO:0000391) and has a component of seed quality (TO:0000162). Refer to length (PATO:0000122): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points.
Causal agent: rice hoja blanca virus (RHBV). Symptoms: cream colored to yellow spots, elongating and coalescing to form longitudinal yellowish green to pale green striations. Streaks may coalesce to cover the whole leaf. Brown and sterile glumes with typical "parrot beak" shape of deformation.
A microbial disease response (TO:0000112) trait which is the response to damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011) caused by an infection by a virus (NCBITaxon:10239).
It represents the damage done by the diease and/or the viral pathogen to the plant. The damage is a direct measure of resistance to the particular viral strain causing the diease.
A seed morphology trait (TO:0000184) which is the width of a seed (PO:0009010).
Seed width is measured in millimeters as the distance across the seed and is a component of the seed size (TO:0000391) and can be a component of seed quality (TO:0000162). Refers to (PATO:0000921): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance from one side of an object to another side which is opposite.
OBSOLETE Causal agent: Pelopidas mathias (Fabricius) and Parnara guttata.
A panicle morphology trait (TO:0000847) which is the average number of panicles per plant in a study.
number of effective tiller per plant (related)
seed setting tillers per plant (related)
Relative yield is calculated as a ratio of yield in stress to that of control.
Causal agent: Stenchaetothrips biformis. monitored at growth stage 2-3.
The index is calculated as, DSI = (1-Yds/Yns), where Yds and Yns are mean yields of a given genotype in drought susceptible (DS) and non-susceptible (NS) environments respectively.
At 50 days after sowing (DAS), the dry weight of roots penetrated through the wax-petrolatum layer is measured.
Assay determines temperature of the leaf canopy.
Sensitivity to the red light content in the growth environment.
Sensitivity response observed in an environment illuminated with blue light.
Response shown by the plant in the presence of UV light stress.
Response shown by the plant in terms of sensitivity to one or more types of radiation stress (quality and quantity of light).
A fruit quality trait (TO:0002728) that is the commercial and /or economical value of the grain (i.e. fruit (PO:0009001)), or its overall improvement.
Response with respect to application of auxin.
indole-3-acetic acid sensitivity (related)
The most important auxin produced by plants is indole-3-acetic acid (IAA).
A plant trait (TO:0000387) which is the response of a plant structure (PO:0009011) to a plant stress (PSO:0000001).
Plant stress traits may be manifested in either the whole plant (PO:0000003) or in parts of the plant, as a result of the exposure to either a biotic plant stress (PSO:0000011) or an abiotic plant stress (PSO:0000012). Responses to plant stresses may vary from resistance to susceptibility, with varying levels of tolerance.
A panicle inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000847) which is the extent of coverage of panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123) by a sheath of a flag leaf (PO:0020103).
Sensitivity to the gibberellic acid content in the growth medium or on external application.
Sensitivity to the cytokinin content in the growth medium or external application.
A plant stress response trait (TO:0000164) which is the response of a plant structure (PO:0009011) to an abiotic plant stress (PSO:0000012).
Plant abiotic stress traits may be manifested in either the whole plant (PO:0000003) or in parts of the plant, as a result of the exposure to an abiotic plant stress (PSO:0000012). Responses to plant stresses may vary from resistance to susceptibility, with varying levels of tolerance. Abiotic stresses are those resulting from non-living factors such as drought, salinity or temperature extremes.
OBSOLETE Abortion of microspore development at trinucleate stage.
A submergence tolerance trait (TO:0000524) which is the ability of a plant to grow taller to survive flooding or submergence.
OBSOLETE. A stature and vigor trait (TO:0000133) which is the height of a whole plant (PO:0000003) or another plant structure (PO:0009011).
Refers to: height (PATO_0000119): A 1-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's vertical dimension of extension.
Sensitivity to the jasmonic acid content in the growth medium or on external application.
Sensitivity to ethylene (C2H2) content in the growth medium or the environment.
A bacterial blight disease resistance (TO:0000770) that is involved in the response to rice bacterial blight disease. Causal agent: Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.
Symptoms: lesions usually start near the leaf tips or leaf margins or both, and extend down the outer edge(s). Young lesions are pale to grayish green, later turning yellow to grey (dead) with time. In very susceptible varieties, lesions may extend to the entire leaf length into the leaf sheath. Young leaves should not be inoculated for assay. Old or leaves with symptoms of nutrient deficiency or other diseases should also be avoided for inoculation.
rice bacterial blight disease resistance
A plant nutrient response trait (TO:0000480) shown by the plant grown in either an excess or deficient amount of the macronutrient in the growth medium.
An assay to determine the tolerance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4 D).
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid sensitivity
Plant sensitivity to soils with acidic conditions (pH<7).
A plant stress response trait (TO:0000164) which is the response of a plant structure (PO:0009011) to biotic plant stress (PSO:0000011).
Plant biotic stress traits may be manifested in either the whole plant (PO:0000003) or in parts of the plant, as a result of the exposure to a biotic plant stress (PSO:0000011). Responses to biotic plant stresses may vary from resistance to susceptibility, with varying levels of tolerance. Biotic stresses are those resulting from living factors such as microorganisms, animals (including insects, arachnids and nematodes) or other plants.
A spikelet morphology trait (TO:0000657) which is the fertility to a spikelet (PO:0009051).
Determined by percent of spikelets with grains identified by pressing the spikelets with the fingers and counting those that have no grains or the percent seed setting. Refer to fertility (PATO:0000274): A reproductive quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction.
A seed morphology trait (TO:0000184) which is the weight of a seed (PO:0009010).
Seed weight is a component of seed yield (TO:0000905) and seed quality (TO:0000162). Refer to weight (PATO:0000128): A physical quality inhering in a bearer that has mass near a gravitational body.
The tolerance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied insecticide.
OBSOLETE The trait instances, which either cannot be assigned any of the eight top level parent terms such as biochemical, anatomy, development quality, stature/vigor, sterility/fertility, stress and the yield or are yet to be assigned a parent.
A multi-tissue plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000836) which is a quality of a seed (PO:0009010).
Color of the stigma in a blossoming flower.
OBSOLETE environmental stress related trait
An anther morphology trait (TO:1000022) which is the color (PATO:0000014) of an anther (PO:0009066)
Drought sensitivity is highly interactive with crop phenology, plant growth prior to stress, and timing, duration, and intensity of drought stress. For many soils, it takes at least 2 rainless weeks to cause marked differences in drought sensitivity during the vegetative stage and at least 7 rainless days during the reproductive stage to cause severe drought injury. Leaf rolling precedes leaf drying during drought. Repeated ratings are recommended through progress of the drought.
A seed viability trait (TO:0000345) which is the absence of a plant embryo (PO:0009009) in a seed (PO:0009010).
A seed coat morphology trait (TO:0000838) which is the color of the seed coat (PO:0009088).
A Coleoptera damage response trait (TO:0001160) which is caused by the rice hispa beetle (Dicladispa armigera).
A plant embryo morphology trait (TO:0000064) which is the shape of a plant embryo (PO:0009009).
Refer to shape PATO:0000052:A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc).
An embryo shape trait (TO:0000193) which is a globular plant embryo (PO:0009009).
Refer to globular (PATO:0001499): A spheroid quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's resembling a ball (a sphere whose equatorial diameter is equal to the polar diameter).
A plant embryo morphology trait (TO:0000064) which is an embryo of the germinating seed not producing a shoot.
A polysaccharide content trait (TO:0006007) which is the amount of amylose (CHEBI:28102) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Amylose is a helical polymer made of α-D-glucose units, bound to each other through α(1→4) glycosidic bonds. This polysaccharide is one of the two components of starch, making up approximately 20-30% of the structure. The other component is amylopectin, which makes up 70–80% of the structure. (REF: Wikipedia)
A ligule morphology trait (TO:0002748) which is the color of a ligule (PO:0020105).
A root number trait (TO:0000084) which is the absence of roots in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A stem strength (TO:0000051) trait which a measure of the fragility of a grass stem (culm; PO:0009047).
A panicle inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000847) which is the variation in color of the panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
Ratio of germinated to non-germinated seeds.
Causal agent: Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola.
Symptoms: linear lesions with small bacterial exudates evident. This scale may also be used for leaf smut caused by Entyloma oryzae.
rice bacterial leaf streak disease resistance
A rice bacterial blight disease resistance (TO:0000175) that is involved in the response to rice bacterial blight disease, on a seedling. Causal agent: Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.
Symptoms: lesions usually start near the leaf tips or leaf margins or both, and extend down the outer edge(s). Young lesions are pale to grayish green, later turning yellow to grey (dead) with time. In very susceptible varieties, lesions may extend to the entire leaf length into the leaf sheath. Kresek or seedling blight causes wilting and death of plant.
A Hemiptera damage response trait (TO:0001164) caused by a white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera).
Symptoms include partial to pronounced yellowing and increasing severity of stunting. Extreme signs are wilting and death of plants.
A leaf attitude (TO:0000206) which is the angle of a leaf (PO:0025034) measured against the stem.
In rice, it is measured against the culm on the leaf below the flag leaf. Refer to angle value (PATO:0000602).
A whole plant morphology trait (TO:0000398) which is the height of a whole plant (PO:0000003).
Comment: Refers to: height (PATO_0000119): A 1-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's vertical dimension of extension.
A spikelet floret morphology trait (TO:0000274) which is the number of lemma (PO:0009037) in a spikelet floret (PO:0009082).
A spikelet floret morphology trait (TO:0000274) which is the number of palea (PO:0009038) in a spikelet floret (PO:0009082).
A stamen morphology trait (TO:0000215) which is the number of anthers (PO:0009066) in a stamen (PO:0009029).
A starch gelatinization trait (TO:0001167) which is the texture, firmness, and flow properties of a starch.
A Hemiptera damage response trait (TO:0001164) caused by a green leafhopper (Nephotettix spp.).
Green leafhopper is the major vector for transmitting the Tungro virus disease (TO:0000413). Symptoms include partial to pronounced yellowing and increasing severity of stunting. Extreme signs range from wilting to death of plants. Infected areas in the field may be patchy.
Causal agent: rice grassy stunt virus 1 (RGSV1) and rice grassy stunt virus 2 (RGSV2). Symptoms: RGSV1 causes severe stunting, excessive tillering, pale green to yellow and narrow leaves with small rusty spots. RGSV2 causes severe stunting, excessive tillering, yellow to orange and narrow leaves with small rusty spots.
rice grassy stunt 1 and 2 virus resistance
An anther morphology trait (TO:1000022) which is the shape (PATO:0000052) of an anther (PO:0009066).
Refers to shape (PATO:0000052): A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc).
A microsporophyll morphology trait (TO:0000868) which is a quality of a stamen (PO:0009029).
OBSOLETE Male sterility affected by both temperature and photoperiod.
thermo-photoperiod sensitive genic male sterility (related)
OBSOLETE genic male sterility-thermo-photoperiod sensitive
Observations are made on staining behavior and number of nuclei in most of the pollen.
abortion pattern of male sterile lines (related)
A Hemiptera damage response trait (TO:0001164) caused by a rice bug (Leptocorisa oratorius).
Damage is monitored at growth stage 7-9, response is a measure of damaged grains per panicle.
A glume morphology trait (TO:0000869) which is the color of a glume (PO:0009039).
A grain yield trait (TO:0000396) which is the amount of whole (3/4 of original length or longer) milled kernels separated from the total amount of milled rice.
Depending on the grain type, whole milled kernels are spearated using special sized screens. The weight of whole milled kernels or head rice is expressed as a percentage of the original rough rice sample.
A carpel morphology trait (TO:0006012) which is a quality of a pistil.
Sensitivity to the iron ion content in the growth medium. It is important for synthesis of chlorophyll and some enzyme activities.
An androecium morphology trait (TO:0000215) which is the number of stamens (PO:0009029) present in an androecium (PO:0009061).
A measure of either the absence of auricle or the length of auricle being zero.
A root morphology trait (TO:0000043) which is the length of a root (PO:0009005).
refer to PATO:0000122- A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points.
A plant quality trait (TO:0000597) which is the amount of moisture in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Sensitivity response on the plant development and the related growth stages by the duration of light, to which the plant has been exposed.
An endosperm morphology trait (TO:0000575) which is the absence of endosperm (PO:0009089) in the seed (PO:0009010) or grain.
OBSOLETE Caused by the interaction of cytoplasmic (mitochondrial) and nuclear genomes. The trait shows non-mendelian inheritance or maternal inheritance.
cytoplasmic male sterility (sensu Oryza) (exact)
OBSOLETE rice cytoplasmic male sterility
A root morphology trait (TO:0000043) which is the volume of a root (PO:0009005).
Root volume is an indirect measure of root mass or density and can be quantified by water displacement method, in cubic centimeters.
The embryo of the germinating seed does not produce roots.
A ligule morphology trait (TO:0002748) which is the absence of a ligule (PO:0020105).
Refer to absent (PATO:0000462): A quality denoting the lack of an entity.
An abiotic plant stress response trait (TO:0000168) which is the response of a plant structure (PO:0009011) to water stress (too little or too much water).
OBSOLETE A chemical stress response (TO:0000238) which is the response by a plant to a specific component of the growth medium.
OBSOLETE growth media composition response
A lemma morphology trait (TO:1000023) which is the length of a sterile lemma (PO:0009040).
A shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000077) which is the number of leaves (PO:0025034) in a shoot system (PO:0009006) of a plant.
OBSOLETE Response by the plant in terms of resistivity or sensitivity to microbes.
A plant vigor trait (TO:0000250) which is the capacity of plant cells, tissues, or organs, when cultured in a controlled, artificial environment, to develop into new, complete plants.
A coleoptile morphology trait (TO:0000753) which is the the color of a coleoptile (PO:0020033).
An example is rice TGMS line Norin PL12.
A Hemiptera damage response trait (TO:0001164) caused by a rice delphacid bug (Tagosodes orizicolus).
Symptoms include partial to pronounced yellowing and increasing severity of stunting. Extreme signs are wilting and death of plants. Formerly called Sogatodes oryzicola.
A macronutrient sensitivity (TO:0000176) response shown by the plant either grown in an excess or deficient amount of the primary macronutrient in the growth medium.
Rapid senescence of leaves can be detrimental to yield. Can be measured by loss of normal leaf color. In triticeae it is often measured on the flag or the second from top leaf.
A plant trait (TO:0000387) which is a measure of the active and/or healthy growth and development of a plant stucture (PO:0009011) or a population of plants.
Plants vigor traits include those of a whole plant (PO:00009011; inclucluding a seedling), or parts of the plant such as a seed (PO:0009010), or of explants such as anthers (PO:0009066) or cuttings.
A macronutrient sensitivity (TO:0000176) response shown by the plant either grown in an excess or deficient amount of the secondary macronutrient in the growth medium.
OBSOLETE A plant nutrient response trait (TO:0000480) shown by the plant grown in either the excess or deficient amount of the non-mineral nutrients in the growth medium. These nutrients are found in the air and water.
OBSOLETE non-mineral nutrient sensitivity
A seed growth and development trait (TO:0000653) where a seed (PO:0009010) remains in a state of quiescence or dormancy (GO:0022611).
A chemical stress response trait (TO:0000482) which is the response of the plant to the pH of the growth enviroment.
A Basidiomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001146) which is caused by Rhizoctonia solani (PECO:0007379) exposure.
Causal agent: 'Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn, 1858' (NCBITaxon:456999) is known as 'Thanatephorus cucumeris (A.B. Frank) Donk' (NCBITaxon:107832) in the telomorph phase. Symptoms: Grayish-green lesions may enlarge and coalesce with other lesions, mostly on lower leaf sheaths, but occasionally on the leaves (RiceSES:SES).
rice leaf sheath blight disease response
OBSOLETE. A genetic trait is a distinguishable feature or a characteristic or a quality of character or a phenotypic feature of a developing or developed individual that is linked to a physical or genetic marker
The extent of the root branching as determined under variable treatments and environments.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the thickness of a leaf (PO:0025034).
Refers to thickness PATO:0000915 A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width. If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf morphology (TO:0000419) or non-vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000925), depending on the species.
A temperature stress response trait (TO:0000432) which is the response to warmer than normal growth conditions.
An animal damage response trait (TO:0000054) which is the response to damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011) caused by a bird (NCBITaxon:8782).
Factors such as flag leaf angle (TO:0000124) or panicle exsertion (TO:0000165) are important in the resistance of the plant to bird damage.
An animal damage response trait (TO:0000054) which is the response to damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011) caused by an insect (NCBITaxon:6960).
A panicle inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000847) which is the shape of a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
A lemma and palea morphology trait (TO:0000079) which is the color of the lemma (PO:0009037) and the palea (PO:0009038).
A light response trait (TO:0000075) which is determined by the light quality.
Light quality is defined by the wavelength of the light type.
An endosperm morphology trait (TO:0000575) which is the chalkiness of an endosperm (PO:0009089) on the scale of (a) white belly, (b) white center or (c) white back.
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the variation in the type of inflorescence, whether due to extent and number of branching, branch angles or modified form of the inflorescence (PO:0009049).
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the shape of an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
Refer to shape PATO:0000052: A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc).
A grain weight (TO:0000919) which is the weight of a sample of 100 grains (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104), with the caryopsis hull (PO:0006000).
Hundred grain weights are measured in grams, on a precision balance on 100 well-developed whole grains (with the caryopsis hull; PO:0006000), dried to 13% moisture content.
An inflorescence axis morphology trait (TO:0000782) which is the angle of an inflorescence axis (PO:0020122).
Refers to the angle ((PATO:0002326): An orientation inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's placement at an angle) of an inflorescence axis (PO:0020122).
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) trait which is the length of an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
A Lepidoptera damage response trait (TO:0001162) which is caused by a true armyworm (Mythimna unipuncta).
The swarming caterpillars cause severe damage to rice plants in nursery beds.
A flower morphology trait (TO:0000499) which is a quality of a spikelet floret (PO:0009082).
A collective phyllome structure morphology trait (TO:0000845) which is a quality of a perianth (PO:0009058).
Becoming tolerant to drought like conditions of minimal or no water content in the growth environment.
Often the plants exhibiting high salt tolerance also exhibit drought tolerance.
A plant trait (TO:0000387) which is a quality of a chemical entity (CHEBI:24431), a plant metabolite (CHEBI:76924), or a molecular function (GO:0003674), which occurs in a cellular component (GO:0005575), plant anatomical entity (PO:0025131) or during a plant structure development stage (PO:0009012).
The ratio determined from the parameters evaluated for root length and the shoot length in a study.
root length to shoot length ratio (exact)
A root morphology trait (TO:0000043) which is the weight of a root (PO:0009005).
Root weight may be measured as the average dry or fresh weight of roots.
Represents the seedling growth of the plant.
A biochemical trait (TO:0000277) which is the amount of a metabolite in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Plant metabolites are organic compounds produced by plants, categorized broadly into primary and secondary metabolites, each serving distinct roles in plant life. Primary metabolites, which include amino acids, vitamins, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, are essential for growth and development. Secondary metabolites are not directly involved in basic growth but often have important ecological functions. Examples include antibiotics and pigments, terpenoids, glucosinolates, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and lignin.
OBSOLETE: The trait associated with an assay to determine the effected enzymatic activity and protein content.
OBSOLETE enzymatic activity and protein content related trait
A plant trait (TO:0000387) which is a process quality (PATO:0001236) of a biological process (GO:0008150) which occurs in a plant anatomical entity (PO:0025131), a cellular component (GO:0005575), or during a plant structure development stage (PO:0009012).
Refers to process quality (PATO:0001236): A quality which inheres in an process.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate = diphosphate + ADP-glucose.
adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase (related)
adenosine diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase (related)
glucose 1-phosphate adenylyltransferase (related)
glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase activity (related)
ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase activity trait
A water stress response trait (TO:0000237) as a result of flooding or submergence in water.
A grain shape (TO:0002730) of the brown rice. Measure after harvesting, cleaning, and dehulling.
Refer to shape (PATO:0000052): A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc).
An amylase activity trait (TO:0000703) which is the quality of the endohydrolysis of 1,4-a-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more 1,4-a-linked D-glucose units.
A carotenoid content trait (TO:0000496) which is the amount of carotene (CHEBI:23042) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Carotenes are a group of naturally occurring tetraterpenes (carotenoids) that are synthesized only in plants, and unlike the xanthophylls, do not contain any oxygen.
A polyphenol content trait (TO:0001172) which is the amount of flavonoid (CHEBI:47916) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Flavonoids are water soluble polyphenolic molecules containing 15 carbon atoms. Flavonoids belong to the polyphenol family and have antioxidant activity.
A metabolite content trait (TO:0000281) which is the amount of carbohydrate (CHEBI:16646) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Causal agent: Mycoplasma. Symptoms: pale yellow, droopy leaves, excessive tillering and stunting.
A chlorophyll content trait (TO:0000495) which is the chlorophyll a content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A leaf sheath auricle morphology trait (TO:0002717) which is the color of a leaf sheath auricle (PO:0020106).
A chlorophyll content trait (TO:0000495) which is the chlorophyll b content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Represents the growth of plant. Used to evaluate genetic material under stress and non-stress conditions, several factors may interact, influencing the seedling vigor (e.g. tillering ability, plant height, etc).
The amount of glucosamine (CHEBI:5417) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
2-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranose content (related)
Glucosamine is an amino sugar and is one of the most abundant natural monosaccharides.
A chlorophyll content trait (TO:0000495) which is the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
The average ratio of chl a to chl b is about 3:1.
A leaf lamina morphology trait (TO:0000829) which is the color of the leaf lamina (PO:0020039).
Amount of glucose present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
It is a common monosaccharide that is a component of oligo/disaccharides (sucrose, lactose, and maltose) and various complex carbohydrates.
The xanthophyll content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
These are any group of naturally occurring tetraterpenes (carotenoids) that are synthesized only in plants and contain oxygen in various forms.
A temperature stress response trait (TO:0000432) which is the response to colder than normal growth conditions.
Cold temperature stress varies from chilling to freezing and varies depending upon the species of the plant. Some plants survive low temperatutre by undergoing cold acclimation, while other plants require a period of low temperature (vernalization) in order to flower.
A seed morphology trait (TO:0000184) which is the thickness of a seed (PO:0009010).
Seed thickness is a component of seed size (TO:0000391) and has a component of seed quality (TO:0000162). Refer to (PATO:0000915): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-glutamate + ammonia = ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine.
A root morphology trait (TO:0000043) which is the thickness of a root (PO:0009005).
Root thickness may be calculated as an average of several roots.
Amount of hexose present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Hexose is any aldose having a chain of six carbon atoms in a molecule.
A pollen fertility trait (TO:0000421) where the formerly male sterile pollen becomes fertile.
male fertility restoration in F1 hybrids (related)
An incompatibility trait (TO:0000035) which is a genetic barrier preventing self-pollination.
In most cases self-incompatibility is controlled by a single genetic locus, recent results show that complex signal transduction pathways and many players are involved in pollen recognition and rejection.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing beta-D-fructofuranoside residues in beta-D-fructofuranosides.
beta-D-fructofuranoside fructohydrolase (related)
beta-fructofuranosidase activity (related)
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + NAD+ = L-glutamine + 2-oxoglutarate + NADH + H+.
NADH-dependent glutamate synthase (related)
glutamate (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) synthase (related)
glutamate synthase (NADH) activity (related)
Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
A microbial disease response (TO:0000112) trait which is the response to damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011) caused by an infection by a bacterium (NCBITaxon:2).
Plant structure (PO:0009011) includes the whole plant (PO:0000003), as well as parts of a plant. Plants can exhibit varying degrees of resistance or susceptibility to bacterial infections.
The photosynthesis ability determined on a plant structure (PO:0009011) under stress.
Methods may include actual measurements on photosynthesis, pigment content or the content and composition of enzymes associated with photosynthesis.
A Lepidoptera damage response trait (TO:0001162) which is caused by a cutworm (Spodoptera litura).
Amount of reducing sugar present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A reducing sugar is any sugar which in basic solution forms contain aldehyde or ketone groups that are oxidised to carboxylic acids.
Amount of Rubisco enzyme or protein present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A chlorophyll content trait (TO:0000495) which is ratio of the amount of RuBisCo protein to that of the chlorophyll content (TO:0000495) in a plant strucure (PO:0009011).
A ratio of the amount of rubisco protein to that of the total nitrogen content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A plant quality trait (TO:0000597) which is the evaluation of whether the plant phenotype is meeting the breeding objectives.
Breeding objectives vary for each trait and variety. The evaluation should reflect the overall acceptability of the variety.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Magnaporthe salvinii (Nakataea sigmoidea, Sclerotium oryzae) and Helminthosporium sigmoideum var. irregulare.
Symptoms: dark lesions develop on the stems near the water line. Small, dark bodies (sclerotia) develop, weaken the stem and cause lodging.
A ratio of the amount of rubisco protein to that of the soluble protein content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Amount of soluble protein present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the color of a leaf (PO:0025034).
Refer to color (PATO:0000014): A composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts. If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf morphology (TO:0000419) or non-vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000925), depending on the species.
A yield trait (TO: 0000371) that is the amount of a plant structure (PO:0009011) or portion of plant substance (PO:0025161) produced by the shoot system (PO:0009006) which is harvested.
The amount of sucrose present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Sucrose is a disaccharide consisting of glucose and fructose joined together.
A shoot system growth and development trait (TO:0000654) which is the formation of a basal axillary shoot system (tiller; PO:0005001).
The degree of tillering is affected by variety, spacing of plants in the field, season of planting and environmental conditions e.g. nitrogen levels.
OBSOLETE It is a measure of percent seed set on the out-pollinated primary panicle.
extent of outcrossing on male sterile lines (related)
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + D-fructose 6-phosphate = UDP + sucrose 6-phosphate.
UDP-glucose-fructose-phosphate glucosyltransferase (related)
sucrose phosphate-uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferase (related)
sucrose-phosphate synthase activity (related)
sucrosephosphate-UDP glucosyltransferase (related)
uridine diphosphoglucose-fructose phosphate glucosyltransferase (related)
sucrose phosphate synthase activity trait
OBSOLETE rice whorl maggot response trait
Amount of sugar present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A ligule morphology trait (TO:0002748) which is the actual shape of the ligule (PO:0020105).
A combined activity of both the alpha and beta amylase enzymes.
Represents the angle of the tiller in the submerged water fields (flash flooding).
Less is the tiller angle compared to water surface the least is the chance of plant's survivability.
An amylase activity trait (TO:0000703) which is the quality of the hydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides to remove successive maltose units from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
A stem morphology trait (TO:0000361) which is the thickness of a stem (PO:0009047).
culm thickness (sensu Poaceae) (related)
Total amount of soluble sugar present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
OBSOLETE. A plant genetic trait is a distinguishable feature or a characteristic or a quality of character or a phenotypic feature of a developing or developed plant species which is genetically linked to a physical or genetic marker
A common grass weed Echinochloa glabbrescens or Echinochloa crus-galli (Barnyard grass), Typha spp. (Cattails), Leptochloa fascicularis (Bearded sprangletop) grows as a weed in the rice field. Can be distinguished from rice plant by the leaf shape, venation, stem cross-section and plant shape leaf shape.
A flowering time trait (TO:0002616) which is the number of days required for an individual flower (PO:0009046), a whole plant (PO:0000003) or a plant population to reach flowering stage (PO:0007616) from a predetermined time point (e.g. the date of seed sowing, seedling transplant, or seedling emergence).
Often determinded by either pollen shedding, exsertion of the anthers or simply opening of the flower.
A seed quality trait (TO:0000931) which is the the ability of a seed to germinate, grow, and develop into a new plant.
A basal axillary shoot system morphology trait (TO:0001168) which is the number of tillers per plant.
A biotic plant stress trait (TO:0000179) which is the response to the competition for nutrients, light, water or space for caused by another plant (NCBITaxon:33090).
In the case of parasitic plants, the weed may cause damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011), as well as competing for nutrients.
OBSOLETE Abortion of microspore development at bi-nucleate stage.
Sensitivity to the zinc content in the growth medium. It acts as cofactor for certain enzymes like Class II aldolases, metalloproteases, alkaline phosphatase, etc.
Abortion at later stage of microspore development, the pollen looks like fertile pollen.
A chemical stress response trait (TO:0000482) to aluminum minerals in the growth environment.
A plant vigor trait (TO:0000250) which is a biological phenomenon where the offspring of two genetically distinct parents exhibits superior traits compared to its parents.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Cochliobolus miyabeanus (Bipolaris oryzae, Drechslera oryzae).
Symptom: typical leaf spots are small, oval or circular and dark brown. Larger lesions usually have same color on the edges but have a pale (usually grayish) center. Most spots have a light yellow halo around the outer edge.
A plant trait (TO:0000387) which is the growth (GO:0048590) and development (GO:0032502) of a plant anatomical entity (PO:0025131) or a constituent cellular component (GO:0005575).
Growth and development traits are qualities of the development of the whole plant or plant parts.
A plant sterility trait (TO:0000485) where the plant is unable to produce viable seeds, even with viable pollen present.
A flowering time trait which is the timing of the flowering (anthesis) of female flowers.
Ofetn influenced by the environemnt that includes, day light, temperature and geographic location.
Measure of growth or elongation rate of the leaf in a plant.
A shoot axis morphology trait (TO:0000739) which is the quality of a stem (PO:0009047).
A flowering time trait (TO:0002616) which is the timing of the flowering (anthesis) of male flowers.
Often influenced by the environment that includes, daylight, temperature and geographic location.
A plant phenological trait (TO:0000933) which is the amount of time taken by the reproductive growth phase in a plant's life cycle.
The changes in the color of basal leaf sheath.
A shoot system growth and development trait (TO:0000654) which is the rate of growth of the shoot system.
A plant phenological trait (TO:0000933) which is the length of time of the vegetative growth phase in a plant's life cycle.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the width of a leaf (PO:0025034).
Actual measurements, in centimeters of the widest portion of the leaf. To be precise use the children terms leaf lamina width (TO:0002720) or 'leaf sheath width (TO:0002721). Refers to width (PATO:0000921) A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance from one side of an object to another side which is opposite. If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf morphology (TO:0000419) or non-vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000925), depending on the species.
A plant trait (TO:0000387) which is a harvestable product that is a plant anatomical entity (PO:0025131) or one or more constituent cellular components (GO:0005575) contained therein.
Ratio of amount of amylose to amylopectin content.
A reproductive shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000786) that is a quality of an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
A starch gelatinization trait (TO:0001167) which is the tendency of gelatinized starch granules to break during cooking, especially at high temperature.
Breakdown is usually calculated from a resulting viscogram by subtracting hot paste (trough) viscosity from peak viscosity.
A grain length to width ratio (TO:0002731) which is determined from grain length and grain width on dehulled unpolished rice grain.
brown rice length to width ratio (related)
Refer to width PATO:0000921: A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance from one side of an object to another side which is opposite. Refer to length (PATO:0000122): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points. Refer to size (PATO:0000117): A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude. Size categories ranging from small to medium to large.
A starch gelatinization trait (TO:0001167) which is the balance of gelatinization (granule swelling and disruption) and retrogradation (network formation and water trapping).
The starch consistency viscosity (CSV) is the difference between the cool paste viscosity (CPV) and the hot paste viscosity (HPV)
A cooking quality trait (TO:0001069) which is the amount of elongation of a grain with cooking.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Monographella albescens (Microdochium oryzae).
Symptoms: the lesions occurs mostly near leaf tips, but sometimes start at the margin of the blade and develops into large ellipsoid areas encircled by dark-brown, narrow bands accompanied by a light-brown halo.
A starch gelatinization trait (TO:0001167) which is the viscosity of a starch paste after it has been cooked and cooled down.
A grain quality trait (TO:0000162) which is the percentage of cracked, dehulled grain with most of the size still intact.
A grain weight (TO:0000919) which is the weight of a sample of 1000 grains (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104), with the caryopsis hull (PO:0006000).
Thousand grain weights are measured in grams, on a precision balance, on 1000 well-developed whole grains (with the caryopsis hull; PO:0006000), dried to 13% moisture content.
Percentage opaque white area in the kernel belly.
An animal damage response trait (TO:0000054) which is the response to damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011) caused by a nematode (NCBITaxon:6231).
A grain color (TO:0002617) trait which is the color of dehulled, milled grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104).
Dehulled, milled grains have had the caryopsis hull (PO:0006000) removed, as well as the pericarp (PO:0009084), aleurone layer (PO:0005360) and germ (plant embryo; PO:0009009). Refers to color PATO:0000014: A composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts.
Causal agent: rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV). Symptoms: plants are stunted but remain dark green. Leaves are ragged and twisted. Vein swelling on leaf collar, leaf blades and leaf sheaths.
A measurable or observable characteristic of a cellular component (GO:0005575), biological process (GO:0008150) or molecular function (GO:0003674) that is part of, or has participant a plant anatomical entity (PO:0025131) and/or a plant structure development stage (PO:0009012).
This includes physiological, molecular and biochemical traits as well.
A plant male sterility trait (TO:0000437) which shows mendelian inheritance, caused by genetic modifications or mutations in the nuclear genome.
Percentage opaque white area in the kernel core.
A seed morphology trait (TO:0000184) which is the size of a seed (PO:0009010).
Seed size is determined by the ratio of the seed length to seed width and is a component of seed quality (TO:0000162). Seed size may be a qualitative measure or may be organized into categories ranging from small to medium to large. Refers to size (PATO:0000117): A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude.
A plant trait (TO:0000387) which is a measure of the ability of a plant to reproduce.
Fertility or sterility are determined by either nonviable male and/or female plant structures or their incompatible interaction.
A water stress response trait (TO:0000237) which is a response by a plant structure (PO:0009011) to growth conditions with lower than optimal water availability.
A fruit yield trait (TO:0000871) that is the amount of grain.
In rice, the grain yield is often measured in kilograms per hectare at 14 percent moisture, if the experiment was done on a field trial.
A caryopsis fruit morphology trait (TO:0001079) which is the size of the grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104).
Refer to size (PATO:0000117): A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude. Size categories ranging from small to medium to large.
A plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000839) which is a quality of a whole plant (PO:0000003).
A grain quality trait (TO:0000399) which is the thickness of a dehulled grain with a pericarp (PO:0009084).
A lemma morphology trait (TO:1000023) which is the color of the sterile lemma (PO:0009040).
A chemical stress sensitivity (TO:0000482) which is the tolerance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the plant growth hormone.
A grain width (TO:0000975) which is the width of the dehulled grain with pericarp (PO:0009084).
Refer to width PATO:0000921: A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance from one side of an object to another side which is opposite.
A Lepidoptera damage response trait (TO:0001162) which is caused by a rice leaf roller (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis).
Symptoms: larvae consume the leaf tissue except the epidermis, causing typical white streaks. They create a leaf tube during later stages of feeding.
Extent of rooting from the nodes on a stem.
A Lepidoptera damage response trait (TO:0001162) which is caused by a caseworm (Parapoynx stagnalis).
Symptoms: Larvae feed on leaf tissue, leaving only the papery upper epidermis. In Rice SES it is referred to by the older name Nymphula depunctalis.
A plant quality trait (TO:0000597) which is the percentage of shattered grains, determined by firmly grasping and pulling the hand over the panicle.
A starch gelatinization trait (TO:0001167) which is the minimum viscosity that the starch slurry reaches during a holding period at a constant high temperature.
A starch gelatinization trait (TO:0001167) which is maximum viscosity of a starch slurry as starch granules swell and absorb water during heating.
This is the point of maximum viscosity, where starch granules are maximally swollen and have absorbed as much water as possible
A grain protein content (TO:0001136) which is the amount of protein (CHEBI:36080) in a polished rice grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104).
A caryopsis fruit morphology trait (TO:0001079) which is the ratio of grain length (TO:0000734) to grain width (TO:0002762), including the caryopsis hull (PO:0006000).
A starch gelatinization trait (TO:0001167) which is the difference between the peak viscosity (TO:0000409) and the cool paste viscosity (TO:0000379).
Causal agent: Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) and rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV). The disease is transmitted by the green leafhopper Nephotettix spp. Symptoms: Yellow-to-yellow orange leaves, stunting and slightly reduced tillering.
A grain protein content (TO:0001136) which is the amount of protein (CHEBI:36080) in a white rice grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104).
protein content for polished rice (related)
Abortion at bi-nucleate stage of microspore development.
A plant female sterility trait (TO:0000358) which is caused by abortion of the embryo sac (PO:0025074).
A lemma and palea morphology trait (TO:0000079) which is the extent of pubescence (hairs) on the lemma (PO:0009037) and palea (PO:0009038).
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Gibberella fujikuroi.
Symptoms: the plant elongates abnormally, has few tillers and usually dies before producing grains.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is a quality of a vascular leaf (PO:0009025).
A plant reproductive trait (TO:0000392) which is the quality of being able to produce viable offspring.
A plant fertility trait (TO:0000420) which is the ability of pollen grains to successfully fertilize an ovule, leading to seed production
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Sphaerulina oryzina (Cercospora janseana).
rice narrow brown leaf spot disease response
A Diptera damage response trait (TO:0001163) which is caused by a rice gall midge (Orseolia oryzae).
A Hemiptera damage response trait (TO:0001164) caused by a brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens).
Symptoms include partial to pronounced yellowing and increasing severity of stunting. Extreme signs are wilting to death of plants. Infested areas in the field may be patchy.
An in vitro regeneration ability trait (TO:0000243) which is the ability to generate a haploid plantlet from an anther (PO:0009066) in culture.
A stem internode morphology trait (TO:0000756) which is the color of the stem internode (PO:0020142).
The angle of the culm with respect to the ground surface in a grass plant.
An in vitro regeneration ability trait (TO:0000243) which is the ability to generate a plant callus (PO:0005052) in culture.
Plant sensitivity observed in response to different concentrations of salt in the growth medium.
An ear infructescence morphology trait (TO:0000976) that is the length of an ear infructescence (PO:0025597) from base to tip.
Refers to length (PATO:0000122): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points. In maize, this is measured in centimeters.
An abiotic plant stress response trait (TO:0000168) which is the response to temperature stress.
An ear infructescence morphology trait (TO:0000976) that is the diameter of an ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
Refers to diameter (PATO:0001334): A length quality which is equal to the length of any straight line segment that passes through the center of a circle and whose endpoints are on the circular boundary. In maize, this is measured in centimeters.
A plant vigor trait (TO:0000250) which is the oxidative power of a root (PO:0009005).
Root oxidative activity is highly correlated with the respiratory activity of roots. Roots with high oxidative activity may compete for carbohydrates during seedling growth, before seedlings are able to photosynthesize.
A seed viability trait (TO:0000345) which is the length of time a seed stays viable.
Determined by counting the filled and unfilled spikelets of the bagged grass inflorescence.
A plant sterility trait (TO:0000485) which is the incompetence of pollen (PO:0025281) to fertilize the plant egg cell (PO:0020094).
A microbial disease response (TO:0000112) trait which is the response to damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011) caused by an infection by a fungal pathogen (NCBITaxon:4751).
Plant structure (PO:0009011) includes the whole plant (PO:0000003), as well as parts of a plant. Plants can exhibit varying degrees of resistance or susceptibility to fungal infections.
Number of grains (full grain with hull) present in one plant.
An infructescence yield trait (TO:0000936) that is the number of ears (ear infructescence; PO:0025597) on a plant or the average number present in population.
A weed damage response trait (TO:0000347) which is caused by a plant which derives nutrients from other plants (their hosts) by attaching to them and penetrating their tissues.
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is the number of seeds (PO:0009010) in a fruit (PO:0009001).
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the drying of a leaf (PO:0025034).
May be a response to abiotic stress. If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf morphology (TO:0000419) or non-vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000925), depending on the species.
Determined by counting the number of spikelets filled with grain in one inflorescence (panicle).
grain number per panicle (sensu Oryza) (related)
Another trait seed number (TO:0000445) is directly associated with it.
Determined by counting the percent spikelets filled with grain in one grass inflorescence (panicle) or plant.
Filled grain percent per panicle (related)
Average weight of dehulled grains per plant.
Average weight of dehulled grains per panicle.
A ratio of number of large vascular bundles present in the spikelets to the number of spikelets in a grass inflorescence.
large vascular bundle number to spikelet number ratio
A ratio of leaf area to the number of spikelets in a grass inflorescence.
A ratio of number of tiller bearing the panicles to the total number of tillers in rice.
A Lepidoptera damage response trait (TO:0001162) caused by a rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis).
An infructescence morphology trait (TO:0000920) which is the percent of seeds (PO:0009010) set in an infructescence (PO:0006342).
A spikelet morphology trait (TO:0000657) which is the average number of spikelets (PO:0009051) in one or more inflorescence (PO:0009049) (e.g. rice panicle) found in a plant or on all plants of a study.
number of spikelets per panicle (related)
A yield trait (TO:0000371) which is the amount of biomass obtained.
Scores are taken after 10 days following soaking rain or watering- Indicate the degree of stress before recovery.
Length of the root epidermal cell (PO:0025164).
A light response trait (TO:0000075 ) which is the response to the intensity of light.
A vegetative growth time (TO:0000369) which is the period between seeding and heading when the plant is not sensitive to day length.
A starch gelatinization trait (TO:0001167) which is the temperature at which a starch granule (GO:0043036) swells and absorbs water.
Changes in starch gelatinization with temperature are measured by monitoring the viscosity of a starch slurry during controlled heating, holding, and cooling temperature cycles.
A difference of the average number of days between the maize tassel flowering and the first visible silk (stigma) on the maize ear.
An in vitro regeneration ability (TO:0000243) trait which is the frequency of the development of albino plantlets.
A biochemical trait (TO:0000277) that is the amount of a particular mineral or ion constituent occurring in a plant anatomical entity (PO:0025131).
May be measured in a dry mass or in a fresh tissue.
Amount of carbon present in the dry mass.
A drought stress response trait (TO:0000394) which is the changes in the stability of the cell membrane during water deficit stress.
The trait is observed by determining the amount of solutes and electrolytes which leak from the cell.
A rice blast disease response (TO:0000074) caused by Pyricularia grisea (Magnaporthe grisea) affecting a leaf (PO:0009025).
A plant phenological trait (TO:0000933) which is the number of days from planting to the fruit ripening stage (PO:0025502) or seed maturation stage (PO:0007632).
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait (TO:0000843) which is a quality of a vascular tissue and its parts.
Its the fraction of number of penetrated roots over the total number of roots.
A plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000839) which is the number of vascular bundles (PO:0005020) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Measurement of extent of grain shattering, which depends on development of abscission zone. This trait often refers to shattering or the premature or ease of shedding of the grass fruit called caryopsis from the inflorescence.
Angle of opening of glumes is measured on each floret, assessment based on mean angle of glume opening.
opening of glume of male sterile lines (related)
A root thickness (TO:0000306) trait which is the thickness of a shoot-borne root (PO:0000042).
Adventitious root can be a 'shoot-borne root' (PO:0000042) or one of the child terms- all have adventitious root as a broad synonym. Shoot-borne roots are still part of the root system (PO:0025025).
A metabolite content trait (TO:0000281) which is the amount of plant hormone (CHEBI:37848) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A rice blast disease response (TO:0000074) caused by Pyricularia grisea (Magnaporthe grisea) affecting a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
Symptoms are dark necrotic lesions covering partially or completely around the panicle base (node) or the uppermost internode or the lower part.
Measures the growth hormone concentration in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Plant sensitivity to an acidic (pH<7) growth media.
A biochemical response trait (TO:0000277) which is the plant's response to an excess or deficient amount of the nutrients in the growth environment.
Plant sensitivity to an alkali (pH>7) growth media.
An abiotic plant stress response trait (TO:0000168) which is the response of a plant structure (PO:0009011) to chemical stress.
Measure of the seed's germination ability at sub-permissive temperature levels.
germination ability at low temperature (related)
A seed morphology trait (TO:0000184) which is the shape of a seed (PO:0009010).
Seed shape can be a component of seed quality (TO:0000162). Refers to shape (PATO:0000052): A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc).
A plant reproductive trait (TO:0000392) which is the quality of not being able to produce viable offspring.
A seed morphology trait (TO:0000184) which is the color of a seed (PO:0009010).
Refer to color (PATO:0000014): A composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts. In a seed this can be measured on the seed coat or the inside parts of a seed.
An endosperm morphology trait (TO:0000575) which is the color of an endosperm (PO:0009089).
OBSOLETE carbohydrate composition related trait
A protein content trait (TO:0000598) which is the amount of protein (CHEBI:36080) in a seed (PO:0009010).
OBSOLETE fat and essential oil composition related trait
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the variation in shapes and forms of a leaf (PO:0025034).
Refer to shape (PATO:0000052): A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc). If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf morphology (TO:0000419) or non-vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000925), depending on the species.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the composition of a leaf (PO:0025034).
If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf morphology (TO:0000419) or non-vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000925), depending on the species.
A metabolite content trait (TO:0000281) which is the amount of a plant pigment in a plant strucuture.
A pigment content trait (TO:0000494) which is a measure of the chlorophyll a and/or chlorophyll b content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Chlorophyll is the principal photoreceptor in photosynthesis, the light-driven process in which carbon dioxide is fixed to yield carbohydrates and oxygen. Chlorophyll is a cyclic tetrapyrolle, similar in structure to the heme group of globins (hemoglobin, myoglobin) and cytochromes. Chlorophyll differs from heme in a few major respects, most notably that the central metal ion in chlorophyll is magnesium while that in heme is iron.
The carotenoid content in a plant structure (PO:0009011). Includes naturally occurring tetra terpenes that are synthesized only in plants.
OBSOLETE Describes the extent of female fertility restoration in terms of percent seed set.
OBSOLETE female fertility restoration trait
A reproductive shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000786) which is a quality of a flower (PO:0009046).
A spikelet morphology trait (TO:0000657) which is the weight of a spikelet (PO:0009051).
Refer to weight (PATO:0000128): A physical quality inhering in a bearer that has mass near a gravitational body.
Resistance to the KClO3 salt content in the growth medium.
A leaf rolling trait (TO:0000085) which is the measure of time taken by the leaf to roll completely under drought or water stress.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the leaf surface temperature.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000505) which is the weight of a leaf (PO:0025034).
It is a measure of reduced net ammonium production in response to the receipt of photosynthate.
The ability of the plant to adust the osmotic potential under stress conditions.
The main role of osmotic adjustment in the plant is to assist in the maintenance of turgor and volume as organs lose water during desiccation, i.e. to provide dehydration tolerance. Often determined by relative water or the amount of solute accumulated at a given water potential.
Average maximum length of the root of a plant in a study that have penetrated to a predetermined soil depth.
A ratio of penetrated to total number of roots in a plant.
A mineral and ion transport trait (TO:0020096) which involves phosphorus ion uptake in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Percent of plants survived under submerged conditions.
plant survival percentage under submergence
The total potassium ion concentration measured a plant structure (PO:0009011) or plant extract.
A mineral and ion transport trait (TO:0020096) which involves potassium ion uptake in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A plant vigor trait (TO:0000250) that is the increase in aboveground biomass in a defined period of time.
Relative growth rate may be calculated in various ways, usually as a rate of growth compared to the amount of starting biomass. In some cases, it may be expressed as a percentage.
The relative length of the root determined after a given treatment as compared to the one determined under normal conditions.
Elongation of the shoot under submergence condition against a reference without submergence.
relative shoot elongation under submergence
It is calculated from the deepest soil layer where roots were present and the longest root measured in the layer.
The rate of closure of stomata due to stress or coupled to the rate of photosynthesis and/or transpiration.
A plant phenological trait (TO:0000933) which is the amount of time taken for a stomatal complex (PO:0002000) to close.
Stomatal complex closure may be due to stress, or coupled to the rate of photosynthesis and/or transpiration.
It is a numerical measure of the maximum rate of passage of either water vapour or carbon dioxide through the stomata.
Stomatal resistance (or its inverse, stomatal conductance) can therefore be calculated from the transpiration rate and humidity gradient. (The humidity gradient is the humidity inside the leaf, determined from leaf temperature based on the assumption that the leaf's air spaces are saturated with vapor, minus the humidity of the ambient air, which is measured directly).
This allows scientists to learn how stomata respond to changes in environmental conditions, such as light intensity, humidity, or carbon dioxide concentration.
A submergence response trait (TO:0000286) which is the ability to tolerate flooding or submergence in water.
The ratio of total sodium to potassium ion content measured a plant structure (PO:0009011).
The total sodium ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant structure (PO:0009011) or plant extract.
A mineral and ion transport trait (TO:0020096) which involves sodium ion uptake in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
OBSOLETE total shoot elongation under submergence
Number of stomata present on the abaxial surface of leaf.
Number of stomata present on the adaxial surface of leaf.
An anther morphology trait (TO:1000022) which is the length (PATO:0000122) of an anther (PO:0009066).
Refers to length (PATO:0000122): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points.
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is the length of the hair of a lemma apiculus (PO:0025616).
Variation in the color of the culm of a grass plant.
A spikelet floret morphology trait (TO:0000274) which is the color of a spikelet floret (PO:0009082).
A flower morphology trait (TO:0000499) which is the color of the flower (PO:0009046).
A ratio of the large sized vascular bundles to the leaf surface area.
large vascular bundle number to leaf area ratio
Number of the large sized vascular bundles.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the total area of a leaf (PO:0025034).
Refer to area (PATO:0001323): A 2-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's two dimensional extent. If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf morphology (TO:0000419) or non-vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000925), depending on the species.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the position of the leaf (PO:0025034) on the plant.
Refers to: position (PATO_0000140): A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spatial location relative to other objects in the vicinity. Usually measured from the ground. If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf morphology (TO:0000419) or non-vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000925), depending on the species.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the ratio of leaf length (TO:0000135) to leaf width (TO:0000370).
A leaf composition trait (TO:0000493) which is the amount of nitrogen (CHEBI:51143) in the leaf (PO:0025034).
A mesocotyl morphology trait (TO:0000758) which is the length of a mesocotyl (PO:0020037).
A panicle inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000847) which is the length of the region between the panicle base to the lowest (the first) primary panicle branch.
panicle base to first primary branch (related)
panicle base to lowest primary panicle branch (related)
peduncle length from panicle base to first primary branch (related)
A peduncle morphology trait (TO:0000776) which is the diameter at the tip of the peduncle (PO:0009053).
Refers to the diameter ((PATO:0001334): A length quality which is equal to the length of any straight line segment that passes through the center of a circle and whose endpoints are on the circular boundary) of the tip of a peduncle (PO:0009053).
A primary branch of inflorescence (TO:0000052) trait which is the number of primary branches present in the inflorescence (PO:0009049).
number of second order inflorescence axes (exact)
number of primary rachis branches (related)
A shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000077) which is the number of rhizomes present in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A shoot axis morphology trait (TO:0000739) which is a quality of a rhizome (PO:0004542).
A rhizome morphology trait (TO:0000549) which is the angle of a branch (PO:0025073) on a rhizome (PO:0004542) .
A rhizome morphology trait (TO:0000549) which is the number of branches (PO:0025073) on a rhizome (PO:0004542).
rhizome branching number per plant (related)
The dry weight of the shoot without inflorescence.
A rhizome morphology trait (TO:0000549) which is the length of a rhizome (PO:0004542).
A rhizome morphology trait (TO:0000549) which is the length of a rhizome internode (PO:0025204).
average rhizome internode length (related)
A rhizome morphology trait (TO:0000549) which is the number of rhizome internodes (PO:0025204).
average rhizome internode number (related)
A rhizome morphology trait (TO:0000549) which is the dry weight of a rhizome (PO:0004542).
A secondary branching of inflorescence (TO:0000142) trait which is the number of secondary branches in an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
number of third order inflorescence axes (exact)
secondary branches per panicle (related)
Number of small sized vascular bundles present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Space occupied by each culm or the tiller in a plant.
A ratio of total space or volume occupied by the whole plant to the total number of culms or tiller in the plant.
A leaf area trait (TO:0000540) that is the ratio of the leaf area to the leaf weight (TO:0000505).
A spikelet morphology trait (TO:0000657) which is the ratio of length to the width of a spikelet (PO:0009051).
Refer to length (PATO:0000122): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points. Refer to width (PATO:0000921): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance from one side of an object to another side which is opposite.
A spikelet morphology trait (TO:0000657) which is the width of the spikelets (PO:0009051) present in a grass inflorescence.
Refer to width (PATO:0000921): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance from one side of an object to another side which is opposite.
Number of spikelets present in the rice panicle per unit length.
number of spikelets per cm panicle length (related)
spikelet number per panicle length (related)
A vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000419) which is the number of leaf stomatal complexes (PO:0025183) present on the leaf surface.
A basal axillary shoot system morphology trait (TO:0001168) which is the angle of a tiller.
A shoot axis morphology trait (TO:0000739) which is the weight of a shoot axis.
OBSOLETE white-backed planthopper egg mortality
Fresh weight of the shoot without inflorescence.
A petal morphology trait (TO:0000863) which is the color of a petal (PO:0009032).
A sepal morphology trait (TO:0000864) which is the color of a sepal (PO:0009031) in a flower (PO:0009049).
A tepal morphology trait (TO:0000865) which is the color of a tepal (PO:0009033).
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait (TO:0000843) which is a quality of an endosperm (PO:0009089).
A stem morphology trait (TO:0000361) which is the length of the stem (PO:0009047).
Often measured from soil surface to highest point on stem. Refer to length (PATO:0000122): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points.
A stem morphology trait (TO:0000361) which is the angle of a stem (PO:0009047).
Refer to angle (PATO:0002326): An orientation inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's placement at an angle.
The average fresh weight of the root determined in a study.
The trait is an indirect measure of the balance between water absorption and transpiration.
deep root dry weight to tiller number ratio (related)
A plant male sterility trait (TO:0000437) which is caused by genes located in the maternal mitochondrial genome, leading to non-functional pollen.
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the color of an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
A reproductive shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000786) which is the number of inflorescences (PO:0009049).
Refer to number of (PATO:0001555): The number of parts of a particular type that the bearer entity has. This is a relational quality, and thus holds between two entities: the bearer of the quality, and the type of parts.
An infructescence morphology trait (TO:0000920) that is the average weight (mass) of an infructescence bearing mature fruit (PO:0009001).
Refers to mass (PATO:0000125): A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the proportion of the bearer's amount of matter.
A root length (TO:0000227) that is the length of one or more seminal roots (PO:0000046).
Seminal root is the primary root originating in a plant after germination. Refer to length (PATO:0000122): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points.
A seed quality trait (TO:0000931) which is the quality of the endosperm (PO:0009089) texture, content, composition, size, etc.
endosperm quality (sensu Poaceae) (related)
A grain weight (TO:0000919) which is the average weight of a grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104), including the caryopsis hull (PO:0006000).
The average grain weight (TO:0000589) can be used to calculate the overall yield or produce from a field.
A grain weight (TO:0000919) which is the weight a dehulled grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104).
Dehulling is the process of removing the caryopsis hull (PO:0006000), which consists of a dried lemma (PO:0009037) and a dried palea (PO:0009037).
A dehulled grain weight (TO:0000590) which is the weight of a sample of 100 dehulled grains (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104).
A dehulled grain weight (TO:0000590) which is the weight of a sample of 1000 dehulled grains (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104) .
A grain weight (TO:0000919) which is the weight of a polished grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104).
Polishing removes the bran, which consists of aleurone layer (PO:0005360), pericarp; (PO:0009084) and the germ (plant embryo; PO:0009009). In rice, this is what is referred to as 'white rice'.
A polished grain weight (TO:0000593) which is the weight of a sample of 100 polished grains.
A polished grain weight (TO:0000593) which is the weight of a sample of 1000 polished grains.
A plant trait (TO:0000387) that contributes to the overall utility, nutritional, or economic value of a plant, plant structure (PO:0009011) or plant product
Quality traits of a plant, plant structure or plant product vary from crop production to food consumption factors and may include organoleptic properties (flavor, aroma, appearance, texture, etc), storability, processing qualities and nutritional aspects. Market quality standards for crops are based on complex interaction of social, economic and biological factors and are highly crop-specific (Acquaah, 2012). Plant traits from other upper level classes may contribute to (as part_of children) to specific plant quality traits.
A metabolite content trait (TO:0000281) which is the amount of protein (CHEBI:36080) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A biochemical trait which is a quality of an enzymatic reaction.
Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic.
Response shown by the plant in the presence of UV-A light stress.
Ultraviolet-A light sensitivity (related)
Response shown by the plant in the presence of UV-B light stress.
OBSOLETE The total fat or lipid content of a plant structure (PO:0009011).
The ratio of total magnesium to potassium ion content measured a plant structure (PO:0009011).
ratio of magnesium to potassium (related)
A metabolite content trait (TO:0000281) which is the amount of lipid in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Lipids are triglycerides, esters of three fatty acid units joined to glycerol, a trihydroxy alcohol. A triglyceride is called a fat if it is a solid at 25°C; it is called an oil if it is a liquid at that temperature. Fats have a predominance of saturated fatty acids, and oils are composed largely of unsaturated acids.
A metabolite content trait (TO:0000281) which is the amount of hydrogen peroxide or the peroxide reactive ion in a plant structure.
An assay to determine the joint action of alpha-amylase, beta-amylase and any other carbohydrate-degrading enzymes.
The total mineral or ion content measured after drying and burning a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the sodium cation (CHEBI:29101) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
The ratio of soluble protein to total protein content is a measure of the degree of proteolysis.
Soluble protein to total protein content ratio (related)
As seen in degree of modification of grain to malt in barley.
It is a measure of the sugars and nitrogenous compounds available for yeast nutrition.
A caryopsis fruit morphology trait (TO:0001079) which is a measure of the density or weight per unit of volume of a grain at a standardized moisture level.
A grain quality trait (TO:0000162) which is the amount of hull-less kernels obtained after de-hulling, expressed as a percentage of the weight of the sample.
This trait is most commonly used in determining the milling quality of oats.
A lemma morphology trait (TO:1000023) which is the shape of the lemma (PO:0009037).
Response with respect to application of abscisic acid.
It is a measure of the total length covered by the leaf margin.
A grain color (TO:0002617) trait which is the percentage of colored grains.
percentage of damaged yellow rice grains (narrow)
percentage of green rice grains (narrow)
The measurement is on de-hulled grains in comparison to a reference color.
A grain quality trait (TO:0000162) which is the percentage of crushed, dehulled grain with at least one fourth of the size still intact.
crushed dehulled-grain percentage (related)
A phenomenon associated to the seeds that germinate before becoming detached or harvested from the parent plant. Thus the germination occurs before the seed undergoes dormancy.
A whole plant growth and development trait (TO:0000947) that is a quality of a plant embryo development stage (PO:0007631).
A shoot system growth and development trait (TO:0000654) which is the development of an inflorescence (PO:0009049) .
Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the flower and its parts.
An inflorescence bristle length trait (TO:0000643) that is the length of the bristles found on an involucre (PO:0009100).
sterile inflorescence branch length (related)
This is an assay of any direct or indirect, harmful or beneficial effect of one plant on another through the production of chemical compounds (allelochemicals) that escape in the environment.
A spikelet morphology trait (TO:0000657) which is the density of a spikelet (PO:0009051) in the inflorescence (PO:0009049) or on the given inflorescence branch (PO:0009081) order.
Refer to density (PATO:0001019): A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of some influence is exerted by the bearer's mass per unit size.
OBSOLETE relative phosphorus distribution between shoot and root
OBSOLETE relative phosphorus utilization efficiency
Causal agent: Sclerospora graminicola (Sacc. ) Schroet.
It causes the downy mildew disease in Pearl millet.
It is determined as the number of days from the seed sowing to the stage when either the pollen shedding or anther exsertion occurs on the maize tassel.
Depends on the study type. For a study with multiple plants, on average 50% of the plants must have sheeding of pollen or anther exsertion.
An in vitro regeneration ability (TO:0000243) trait which is the frequency of the development of green plantlets.
A stem morphology trait (TO:0000361) which is the number of stem nodes (PO:0020141).
A cooking quality trait (TO:0001069) which is the amount of expansion of a kernel with popping.
An inflorescence width (TO:0000804) trait which is the width of a spike inflorescence (PO:0030117).
OBSOLETE Total sum of number of roots in a plant derived per experiment.
An inflorescence primary branch morphology trait (TO:0000846) which the length of a second order inflorescence axis (PO:0006321).
A leaf sheath morphology trait (TO:0000835) which is the measurement, in centimeters of the leaf sheath (PO:0020104) diameter.
Refer to diameter (PATO:0001334): A length quality which is equal to the length of any straight line segment that passes through the center of a circle and whose endpoints are on the circular boundary.
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000050) that is the length of the bristles found on an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
The relative (dry)weight of the root determined after a given treatment as compared to the one determined under normal conditions.
OBSOLETE relative phosphorus concentration
OBSOLETE relative acid phosphatase activity
A peduncle morphology trait (TO:0000776) which is the width of a peduncle (PO:0025386).
Refers to the width ((PATO:0000921):A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance from one side of an object to another side which is opposite) of a peduncle (PO:0009053).
A lemma morphology trait (TO:1000023) which is the length of the lemma (PO:0009037).
A processing quality trait (TO:0001068) which is the color of flour obtained by milling grains or other plant structures.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the leaf surface area affected by abiotic stresses like insecticides and cold temperature as evidenced by chlorotic and/or necrotic tissue.
A multi-tissue plant structure development trait (TO:0000927) that has as primary participant a seed (PO:0009010).
A plant structure growth and development trait (TO:0000928) that is a quality of the growth of the shoot system (PO:0009006), and shoot system development stages (PO:0025527).
shoot system growth and development trait
A plant organ development trait (TO:0000927) that has as primary participant a leaf (PO:0025034).
Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the root and its parts.
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is a quality of a spikelet (PO:0009051).
It is determined as the number of days from the seed sowing to the first visible silk (stigma) on the maize ear.
Depends on the study type. For a study with multiple plants, on average 50% of the plants must have exposed silks.
A plant phenological trait (TO:0000933) which is the time interval between the appearance of successive leaves on the developing shoot axis.
A shoot system growth and development trait (TO:0000654) where an axillary bud (PO:0004709) remains in a state of quiescence or dormancy (GO:0022611).
An axillary bud dormancy (TO:0000660) trait which affects the growth of a tiller (basal axillary shoot system (PO:0005001)).
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe.
barley fusarium head blight affects the quality and yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe (teleomorph: Gibberella zeae).
In the USA and Canada, it causes severe yield and quality losses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
OBSOLETE fungal blight disease resistance
Measurement of the whitish area found in the dehulled grain.
A grain yield trait (TO:0000396) which is the amount of dehulled whole grain.
OBSOLETE: The quality trait of the seed or the products derived from it.
Measuring amount of toxins found in the host plant after the infection by a fungal pathogen. The toxin is produced by the pathogen.
Measuring amount of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol found in the host plant after the infection by a fungus Fusarium sp.
The number of flowers present on a inflorescence branch or in the inflorescence itself.
A plant reproductive trait (TO:0000392) in which a flower fails to complete develpment and dies.
frequency of pre-flowering floret abortion (related)
A grain quality trait (TO:0000162) which is the porportion of bran in a whole grain.
Bran is the the nutritious, fiber-rich outer shell of a cereal grain, consisting of the pericarp (seed coat) and the aleurone layer.
Caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe (telomorph: Gibberella zeae), in the USA and Canada. It causes severe yield and quality losses in wheat (Triticum turgidum).
tetraploid wheat fusarium head blight disease resistance (related)
tetraploid wheat fusarium head blight response
OBSOLETE They are non-nutritive plant chemicals that have protective or disease preventive properties.
A metabolite content trait (TO:0000281) which is the amount of ferulic acid (CHEBI:17620) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid (related)
Ferulic acid is an antioxidant which neutralizes free radicals (superoxide, nitric oxide and hydroxyl radical) which could cause oxidative damage of cell membranes and DNA. Ferulic acid helps to prevent damage to cells caused by ultraviolet light. It is found in the leaves and seeds of many plants, but especially in cereals such as brown rice, whole wheat and oats.
Style color is determined from blooming flowers or florets.
A leaf position (TO:0000541) which is the position of the third leaf (PO:0025034) on a plant.
Refers to: position (PATO_0000140): A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spatial location relative to other objects in the vicinity.
An infructescence axis morphology trait (TO:0000921) which is the diameter of a cob.
diameter of central spike of ear (related)
The cob is the first order infructescence axis PO:0025244 of the ear infructescence (new). Refers to diameter (PATO:0001334): A length quality which is equal to the length of any straight line segment that passes through the center of a circle and whose endpoints are on the circular boundary. In maize, this is measured in centimeters.
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) trait which is the circumference of an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
An ear infructescence morphology trait (TO:0000976) that is the circumference of an ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
ear infructescence circumference (exact)
Refers to circumference (PATO:0001648): An 1-D extent quality which is equal to the length of the closed curve of a circle. Ear circumference (TO:0000681) is equal to ear diameter (TO:0000433) times 3.14.
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the height of an inflorescence (PO:0009049) measured from ground to the attachment point.
Refer to height (PATO:0000119): A 1-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's vertical dimension of extension.
An ear infructescence morphology trait (TO:0000976) which is the position of an ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
Refers to: position (PATO_0000140): A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spatial location relative to other objects in the vicinity. In maize this is usually measured from the ground to the attachment point of the ear.
An assay to test for aroma and flavor reminiscent of freshly cut grass.
An assay for the soft and juicy texture.
A moisture content trait (TO:0000228) which is the amount of moisture in a fruit (PO:0009001).
An infructescence morphology trait (TO:0000920) which is the number of rows of kernels per ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
In maize, kernel row number is counted on the central, widest part of the uppermost ear infructescence. In comparing to teosinte "rank", kernel row number is divided by two.
A infructescence yield trait (TO:0000936) which is the length of a kernel row from base to where kernels end on the ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
A grain quality trait (TO:0000162) which is the degree of softness of the texture of a grain.
A grain protein content trait (TO:0001136) which is the amount maysin in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Maysin is a coagulable globulin protein produced by the maize plant. It has insecticide properties.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) in Zea mays (NCBITaxon:4577) caused by Exserohilum turcicum (Setosphaeria turcica).
northern corn leaf blight response (exact)
maize northern leaf blight disease response
A maize northern leaf blight disease response trait (TO:0000691) which is the incubation period of the disease.
A maize northern leaf blight disease response trait (TO:0000691) which is the area under the disease progress curve.
An assay of firmness and freshness of the fruit.
A leaf margin morphology trait (TO:0002635) which is the color of a leaf margin (PO:0020128).
Amount of starch present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A yield trait (TO:0000371) which is the yield of starch from a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Starch yield can be assayed initially with a smaller sample, but later converted to associate with a large sample, for example, for starch yield in kilograms per hectare.
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + D-fructose = UDP + sucrose.
The quality of having the pleasant taste characteristic of sugar.
The pressure within the cell resulting from the absorption of water into the vacuole and the imbibition of water by the protoplasm.
Concentration of starch present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
An enzyme activity trait (TO:0000599) which is the quality of the hydrolysis of amylose or an amylose derivative by amylase.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
phosphoric monoester hydrolase activity (related)
Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate.
A collective phyllome structure morphology trait (TO:0000845) that is the color of a caryopsis hull (PO:0006000).
A caryopsis hull (PO:0006000) is the dry outer covering of a caryopsis fruit (PO:0030104; grain). The caryopsis hull is comprised of a dry lemma and palea, which enclose a spiklet floret (PO:0009082).
A pericarp morphology trait (TO:0000945) that is the color of the pericarp (PO:0009084).
Pericarp is the wall of a fruit, developed from the ovary or carpel wall. Also scored for grain color or color of the dehulled grain in grasses.
A whole plant morphology trait (TO:0000398) which is the color of a whole plant (PO:0000003).
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the appearance of glossiness of the leaf surface. Contributed by change in either the amount or content of cuticle wax (PO:0025386) on a leaf (PO:0025034).
A seed protein content (TO:0000490) trait which is the amount of globulin proteins in a seed.
Globulin proteins area class of globular proteins, and are one of the main protein classes. They have a higher molecular weight than albumins, and are insoluble in pure water but dissolve in dilute salt solutions.
An assay to determine the tolerance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied herbicide imidazolinone.
An assay to determine the tolerance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied herbicide sulfonylurea.
An endosperm morphology trait (TO:0000575) which is a brittle endosperm (PO:0009089).
In maize ears, the floral meristems undergo repeated dichotomous branching, resulting in fascicled (highly branched and bundled or clustered) ears.
An endosperm morphology trait (TO:0000575) which is an etched endosperm (PO:0009089).
An endosperm morphology trait (TO:0000575) which is a rough endosperm (PO:0009089).
This is also an endosperm quality trait (TO:0000587). Refers to rough PATO:0000700 A texture quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's irregular surface.
A grain quality trait (TO:0000162) where the grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104) has a wrinkled appearance, usually from a lack of starch accumulation.
A leaf vein morphology trait (TO:0000820) which is the color of a leaf lamina vein (PO:0020138).
A leaf midvein morphology trait (TO:0000822) which is the color of the leaf midvein (PO:0020139).
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is a tightly rolled leaf encasing the next emerging leaf (PO:0025034).
Traits associated with observing effects on the sporocyte development.
Traits associated with observing effects on the microsporocyte development.
Traits associated with observing effects on the megasporocyte development.
A count of the number of megasporocyte that is done to determine any increase or decrease in number.
A count of the number of microsporocyte that is done to determine any increase or decrease in number.
The traits associated with various developmental landmarks and processes of cell division during either the meiotic cell cycle or mitotic cell cycle.
The traits associated with various developmental landmarks and processes of cell division during either the meiotic cell cycle.
Meiosis is a type of cell division in which haploid gametes and spores are formed. The process involves a single duplication of the genetic material followed by two mitotic divisions. As a result each daughter cell receives half the chromosomal content (haploid) as the parent cell.
The traits associated with various developmental landmarks and processes of cell division during the mitotic cell cycle.
Mitosis is a type of cell division in which a cell duplicates its genetic information (DNA), in order to generate two, identical, daughter cells. Each daughter cell receives the same chromosome number / genetic content as the parent cell.
A metabolite content trait (TO:0000281) which is the amount of lignin in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Lignin is a class of complex organic polymers that form key structural materials in the support tissues of most plants. Lignin is a collection of highly heterogeneous polymers derived from a handful of precursor lignols. Heterogeneity arises from the diversity and degree of crosslinking between these lignols.
Traits associated with the biosynthesis of lignin in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A caryopsis fruit morphology trait (TO:0001079) which is the length of a grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104).
A plant phenological trait (TO:0000933) which is the time between the initiation of two leaves on the shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148).
A multi-tissue plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000836) which is a quality of a plant organ (PO:0009008).
A whole plant morphology trait (TO:0000398) that is a qualitative score of the visual appeal (ideotype) of the whole plant (PO:0000003).
Includes visual scoring of plant characteristics such as plant height (TO:0000207), uniformity of plants, plant damage by diseases and insects and lodging incidence (TO:0000068).
A plant organ morphology trait (TO:0000736) which is a quality of a plant axis (PO:0025004).
A plant axis morphology trait (TO:0000738) which is a quality of a shoot axis (PO:0025029).
A shoot axis morphology trait (TO:0000739) which is a quality of a branch (PO:0025073).
A plant axis morphology trait (TO:0000738) which is quality of a tuber (PO:0004543).
A tuber morphology trait (TO:0000741) which is a quality of a subterranean shoot axis tuber (PO:0004547).
A subterranean shoot axis tuber (PO:0004547) is found in plants such as yam (Dioscorea sp.) and potato (Solanum tuberosum).
subterranean shoot axis tuber morphology trait
A subterranean shoot axis tuber morphology trait (TO:0000742) which is the shape of a subterranean shoot axis tuber (PO:0004547).
A subterranean shoot axis tuber morphology trait (TO:0000742) which is the size of a subterranean shoot axis tuber (PO:0004547).
Refer to size (PATO:0000117): A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude.
OBSOLETE A subterranean shoot axis tuber morphology trait (TO:0000742) which is the appearance of a subterranean shoot axis tuber (PO:0004547).
A 1-9 scale is used to score the overall appearance of the tuber, with 1 the lowest score (very poor) and 9 the highest (excellent).
OBSOLETE subterranean shoot axis tuber appearance
A subterranean shoot axis tuber morphology trait (TO:0000742) which is the mass of a subterranean shoot axis tuber (PO:0004547).
Refer to mass (PATO:0000125): A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the proportion of the bearer's amount of matter.
A plant organ morphology trait (TO:0000736) which is quality of a phyllome (PO:0006001).
A phyllome morphology trait (TO:0000747) which is quality of a leaf (PO:0025034).
A vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000419) which is a quality of a cotyledon (PO:0020030).
A seedling cotyledon morphology trait (TO:0000774) which is the color of a seedling cotyledon (PO:0025471).
A seedling cotyledon morphology trait (TO:0000774) which is the number of seedling cotyledons (PO:0025471).
A seedling cotyledon morphology trait (TO:0000774) which is the size of a seedling cotyledon (PO:0025471).
A plant organ morphology trait (TO:0000736) which is a quality of a coleoptile (PO:0020033).
A cardinal organ part of a multi-tissue plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000837) which is a quality of a cardinal organ part (PO:0025001).
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is a quality of a shoot axis internode (PO:0005005).
A shoot axis internode morphology trait (TO:0000755) which is a quality of a stem internode (PO:0020142).
A stem internode morphology trait (TO:0000756) which is a quality of a hypocotyl (PO:0020100).
A stem internode morphology trait (TO:0000756) which is a quality of a mesocotyl (PO:0020037).
A seedling hypocotyl morphology trait (TO:0000769) which is the color of a seedling hypocotyl (PO:0025291).
The color of a seedling hypocotyl (PO:0025291) during the hypocotyl emergence stage (PO:0007043).
A seedling hypocotyl color trait (TO:0000759) where a hypocotyl (PO:0020100) is observed to have the color green.
Refers to green (PATO:0000320): A color hue with medium-low wavelength of that portion of the visible spectrum lying between yellow and blue, evoked in the human observer by radiant energy with wavelengths of approximately 490 to 570 nanometers.
A seedling hypocotyl color trait (TO:0000759) where a hypocotyl (PO:0020100) is observed to have the color green with a bronze band.
Refers to green ((PATO:0000320): A color hue with medium-low wavelength of that portion of the visible spectrum lying between yellow and blue, evoked in the human observer by radiant energy with wavelengths of approximately 490 to 570 nanometers) and bronze ((PATO:0002363): A medium brown color with a metallic sheen, resembles the actual alloy bronze).
seedling hypocotyl green with bronze band
A seedling hypocotyl color trait (TO:0000759) where a hypocotyl (PO:0020100) is observed to have the color purple.
Refers to purple (PATO:0000951): A color that falls about midway between red and blue in hue.
A seedling hypocotyl color trait (TO:0000759) where a hypocotyl (PO:0020100) is observed to have the color dark purple.
Refers to dark purple (PATO:0001259): A color consisting of purple color and low brightness.
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is a quality of a stalk (PO:0025066).
A stalk morphology trait (TO:0000764) which is a quality of a petiole (PO:0020038).
A petiole morphology trait (TO:0000765) which is the length of a petiole (PO:0020038).
A petiole morphology trait (TO:0000765) which is the shape of a petiole (PO:0020038).
A petiole morphology trait (TO:0000765) which is the size of a petiole (PO:0020038).
A hypocotyl morphology trait (TO:0000757) which a seedling hypocotyl (PO:0025291).
Use this term to describe traits for a seedling hypocotyl (PO:002529); a hypocotyl (PO:0020100) that is part of a seedling (PO:0008037).
A bacterial disease resistance (TO:0000315) that is involved in the response to bacterial blight disease.
A hypocotyl morphology trait (TO:0000757) which is a quality of an embryo hypocotyl (PO:0025290).
Use this term to describe traits for embryo hypocotyl (A hypocotyl (PO:0020100) that is part of a plant embryo (PO:0009009)).
A mesocotyl morphology trait (TO:0000758) which is a quality of a seedling mesocotyl (PO:0025295).
Use this term to descride traits for seedling mesocotyl (PO:0025295). A seedling mesocotyl is an elongation of an embryonic mesocotyl that is part of a seedling (PO:0008037).
A mesocotyl morphology trait (TO:0000758) which is a quality of an embryo mesocotyl (PO:0025294).
A cotyledon morphology trait (TO:0000749) which is a quality of a seedling cotyledon (PO:0025471).
Use this term to describe traits for a seedling cotyledon (PO:0025471): A cotyledon (PO:0020030) that is part of a seedling (PO:0008037).
A cotyledon morphology trait (TO:0000749) which is a quality of a plant embryo cotyledon (PO:0025470).
Use this term to describe traits for an plant embryo cotyledon (PO:0025470): A cotyledon (PO:0020030) that is part of a plant embryo (PO:0009009).
A shoot axis morphology trait (TO:0000739) which is a quality of a peduncle (PO:0009053).
A peduncle morphology trait (TO:0000776) which is a quality of the presence of cuticular wax (PO:0025386).
A peduncle morphology trait (TO:0000776) which is the type of a peduncle (PO:0009053).
A peduncle morphology trait (TO:0000776) which is the color of a peduncle (PO:0009053).
Refers to the color ((PATO:0000014):A composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts) of a peduncle (PO:0009053).
A peduncle morphology trait (TO:0000776) which is the attachment quality of a peduncle (PO:0009053).
Refers to the attachment quatlity ((PATO:0001435): A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having connection or association with another entity) of a peduncle (PO:0009053).
A seedling hypocotyl morphology trait (TO:0000769) which is the size of a seedling hypocotyl (PO:0025291).
A shoot axis morphology trait (TO:0000739) which is a quality of an inflorescence axis (PO:0020122).
An inflorescence axis morphology trait (TO:0000782) which is the size of an inflorescence axis (PO:0020122).
Refers to the size ((PATO:0000117): A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude) of an inflorescence axis (PO:0020122).
A inflorescence axis morphology trait (TO:0000782) which is a quality of an inflorescence branch (PO:0009081).
An inflorescence branch morphology trait (TO:0000784) which is a quality of a tassel branch (PO:0006323).
A shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000077) that is a quality of a reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082).
reproductive shoot system morphology trait
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the waxiness of an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is a quality of a tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126).
A shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000077) which is a quality of a bud (PO:0000055).
A bud morphology trait (TO:0000789) which is a quality of an axillary bud (PO:0004709).
An axillary bud morphology trait (TO:0000790) which the size of an axillary bud (PO:0004709).
An axillary bud morphology trait (TO:0000790) which is the number of axillary buds (PO:0004709) on a stalk or stem.
An axillary bud morphology trait (TO:0000790) which is the shape of an axillary bud (PO:0004709).
An axillary bud morphology trait (TO:0000790) which is the prominence of an axillary bud (PO:0004709).
Refer to prominent (PATO:0014820): A protruding quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's standing out or projecting beyond a surface or line. Promenence categorized by hidden, medium or exposed.
A tassel inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000788) which is the color of a tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126).
A tassel inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000788) which is the circumference of a tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126).
Refer to circumference PATO:0001684: An 1-D extent quality which is equal to the length of the closed curve of a circle.
A tassel inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000788) which is the height of a tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126).
Refer to height PATO:0000119: A 1-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's vertical dimension of extension.
A tassel inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000788) which is the length of a tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126).
A tassel inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000788) which is the diameter of a tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126).
Refer to diameter PATO:0001334: A length quality which is equal to the length of any straight line segment that passes through the center of a circle and whose endpoints are on the circular boundary.
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the density of an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the depth of an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
Refer to depth PATO:0001595: A 1-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's downward or backward or inward dimenision.
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the diameter of an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
Refer to diameter PATO:0001334:A length quality which is equal to the length of any straight line segment that passes through the center of a circle and whose endpoints are on the circular boundary.
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the weight of an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
Refer to weight PATO:0000128:A physical quality inhering in a bearer that has mass near a gravitational body.
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the width of an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which with the texture of an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
Refer to texture PATO:0000150: A morphologic quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative size, organization and distribution of its surface elements or the representation or invention of the appearance of its surface; visual and tactile surface characteristics.
A reproductive shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000786) which is the presence of an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
A collective organ part structure morphology trait (TO:0000841) which is a quality of a pseudostem (PO:0025248).
A pseudostem morphology trait (TO:0000807) which is the length of a pseudostem (PO:0025248).
A pseudostem morphology trait (TO:0000807) which is the shape of a pseudostem (PO:0025248).
A pseudostem morphology trait (TO:0000807) which is the color of a pseudostem (PO:0025248).
A pseudostem morphology trait (TO:0000807) which is the diameter of a pseudostem (PO:0025248).
A tassel branch morphology trait (TO:0000785) which is the dry weight of a tassel branch (PO:0006323) prior to pollen shed.
Refer to dry PATO:0001824: A wetness quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's not being covered by a liquid. Refer to weight PATO:0000128: A physical quality inhering in a bearer that has mass near a gravitational body.
A tassel branch morphology trait (TO:0000785) which is the number of tassel branches (PO:0006323).
A tassel inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000788) which is the type of tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126).
A phyllome morphology trait (TO:0000747) which is a quality of a bract (PO:0009055).
A bract morphology trait (TO:0000815) which is the quality of an inflorescence bract (PO:0009054).
An inflorescence bract morphology trait (TO:0000816) which is the length of an inflorescence bract (PO:0009054).
An inflorescence bract morphology trait (TO:0000816) which is the cover of an inflorescence bract (PO:0009054) measured as percentage of plants with ears that are not completely covered by the inflorescence bracts.
An inflorescence bract morphology trait (TO:0000819) which is the color of an inflorescence bract (PO:0009054).
A vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000419) which is a quality of a leaf lamina vein (PO:0020138).
A leaf vein morphology trait (TO:0000820) which is the size of a leaf lamina vein (PO:0020138).
A leaf vein morphology trait (TO:0000820) which is a quality of a leaf midvein (PO:0020139).
A leaf midvein morphology trait (TO:0000822) which is the thickness of a leaf midvein (PO:0020139).
Refer to thickness (PATO:0000915): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the attitude of a leaf (PO:0025034).
Leaf attitude traits refer to the way a leaf is naturally held on the plant. If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf morphology (TO:0000419) or non-vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000925), depending on the species.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the flexibility of a leaf (PO:0025034).
Refer to flexibility (PATO:0001543): A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to being turned, bowed, or twisted without breaking. If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf morphology (TO:0000419) or non-vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000925), depending on the species.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the volume of a leaf (PO:0025034).
Refer to volume (PATO:0000918): A 3-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of 3-dimensional space it occupies. If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf morphology (TO:0000419) or non-vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000925), depending on the species.
A leaf lamina morphology trait (TO:0000829) which is the area of a leaf lamina (PO:0020039).
Refer to area (PATO:0001323): A 2-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's two dimensional extent.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is a quality of the cover of a leaf (PO:0025034).
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is a quality of a leaf lamina (PO:0020039).
A leaf margin morphology trait (TO:0002635)which is a quality of a leaf lamina margin (PO:0025009).
A vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000419) which is a quality of an adult vascular leaf (PO:0006340).
An adult vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000831) which is a quality of a flag leaf (PO:0020103).
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is a quality of a organ margin (PO:0025005).
An organ margin morphology trait (TO:0000833) which is a quality of a phyllome margin (PO:0025018).
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is a quality of a leaf sheath (PO:0020104).
A plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000839) which is a quality of a multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496).
multi-tissue plant structure morphology trait
A plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000839) which is a quality of a cardinal organ part of a multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025498).
cardinal part of a multi-tissue plant structure morphology trait
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait (TO:0000843) which is a quality of the seed coat (PO:0009088).
A plant morphology trait (TO:0000017) which is a quality of a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000839) which is a quality of a collective plant structure (PO:0025497).
collective plant structure morphology trait
A collective plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000840) which is a quality of a collective organ part structure (PO:0025269).
collective organ part structure morphology trait
A collective plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000840) which is a quality of a collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007).
collective plant organ structure morphology trait
A plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000839) which is a quality of a portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007).
portion of plant tissue morphology trait
A plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000839) which is a quality of an in vitro plant structure (PO:0000004).
in vitro plant structure morphology trait
A collective plant organ structure morphology trait (TO:0000842) which is a quality of a collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023).
collective phyllome structure morphology trait
An inflorescence branch morphology trait (TO:0000784) which is a quality of a second order inflorescence axis (PO:0006321).
inflorescence primary branch morphology trait
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is a quality of a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
A fruit size trait (TO:0002625) which is the diameter of a fruit (PO:0009001).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is the attachment of a fruit (PO:0009001).
Refer to attachment quality (PATO:0001435): A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having connection or association with another entity.
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is the type of a fruit (PO:0009001).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is the presence or absence of hair on a fruit (PO:0009001).
Refer to hairy (PATO:0000454): A pilosity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being covered with hair or hairlike projections.
A fruit growth and development trait (TO:0000929) which is the absence or presence of a fruit (PO:0009001).
In cassava fruit set is a visual rating with 0 = absent and 1 = present.
A spikelet floret morphology trait (TO:0000274) which is the shape of a spikelet floret (PO:0009082).
A spikelet floret morphology trait (TO:0000274) which is the size of a spikelet floret (PO:0009082).
A spikelet floret morphology trait (TO:0000274) which is the diameter of a spikelet floret (PO:0009082).
A lodiclue morphology trait (TO:0006009) which is the length of a lodicule (PO:0009036).
A lodicule morphology trait (TO:0006009) which is the type of lodicule (PO:0009036).
A flower morphology trait (TO:0000499) which is the diameter of a flower (PO:0009046).
A flower morphology trait (TO:0000499) which is the shape of a flower (PO:0009046).
A flower morphology trait (TO:0000499) which is the length of a flower (PO:0009046).
A flower morphology trait (TO:0000499) which is a quality of the flower abscission zone (PO:0006502).
A plant organ morphology trait (TO:0000736) which is a quality of a floral organ (PO:0025395).
A phyllome morphology trait (TO:0000747) which is a quality of a petal (PO:0009032).
A phyllome morphology trait (TO:0000747) which is a quality of a sepal (PO:0009031).
A phyllome morphology trait (TO:0000747) which is a quality of a tepal (PO:0009033).
A phyllome morphology trait (TO:0000747) which is a quality of a sporophyll (PO:0009026).
A sporophyll morphology trait (TO:0000866) which is a quality of a megasporophyll (PO:0009027).
A sporophyll morphology trait (TO:0000866) which is a quality of a microsporophyll (PO:0009028).
An inflorescence bract morphology trait (TO:0000816) which is a quality of a glume (PO:0009039).
A shoot system yield trait (TO:0000327) which is comprised of leaves (PO:0025034) or parts of leaves.
A shoot system yield trait (TO:0000327) which is the yield of fruits (PO:0009001).
A leaf attitude (TO:0000824) which is a leaf held upright away from the substrate or host.
Refer to erect (PATO:0000622): A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being upright in position or posture.
A leaf attitude (TO:0000824) which is a leaf hanging straight down.
Refer to prostrate (PATO:0000631): A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being stretched out and lying at full length along the ground.
A leaf attitude (TO:0000824) which is a leaf laying flat against the substrate or host.
A leaf lamina morphology trait (TO:0000829) which is the splitting of a leaf lamina (PO:0020039).
Refer to split (PATO:0001786): A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being divided or broken up into parts or divisions.
A vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000419) which is a quality of a spine leaf (PO:0025173).
A spine leaf morphology trait (TO:0000876) which is the size of the spine leaf (PO:0025173).
A spine leaf morphology trait (TO:0000876) which is the color of the spine leaf (PO:0025173).
A stem morphology trait (TO:0000361) which is the presence or absence of hair on the stem (PO:0009047).
A seed coat morphology trait (TO:0000838) which is the length of the seed coat (PO:0009088).
A flower morphology trait (TO:0000499) which is the type of a flower (PO:0009046).
A flower type trait (TO:0000881) which is a flower (PO:0009046) that does not open and favors self pollination.
A flower type trait (TO:0000881) which is a flower (PO:0009046) that opens exposing anthers (PO:0009066) and/or pistil.
A stalk morphology trait (TO:0000764) which is a quality of a petiolule (PO:0020050).
A petiolule morphology trait (TO:0000884) which is the color of the petiolule (PO:0020050).
A petiolule morphology trait (TO:0000884) which is the shape of the petiolule (PO:0020050).
A petiolule morphology trait (TO:0000884) which is the length of the petiolule (PO:0020050).
A seed coat morphology trait (TO:0000838) which is the luster of the seed coat (PO:0009088).
A seed coat morphology trait (TO:0000838) which is the hardness of the seed coat (PO:0009088).
Refer to hardness (PATO:0000048): A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to being turned, bowed, or twisted without breaking.
A seed coat morphology trait (TO:0000838) which is the relative proportion of seed coat (PO:0009088) to cotyledon (PO:0020030).
Refer to proportion (PATO:0001470): A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's magnitude in respect to a related entity.
A leaf weight trait (TO:0000505) which is the the measure of the wet weight of a leaf (PO:0025034).
A stem morphology trait (TO:0000361) which is the size of a stem (PO:0009047).
A stem morphology trait (TO:0000361) which is the shape of a stem (PO:0009047).
An infructescence morphology trait (TO:0000920) which is the number of fruits (PO:0009001).
Refer to has number of (PATO:0001555): The number of parts of a particular type that the bearer entity has. This is a relational quality, and thus holds between two entities: the bearer of the quality, and the type of parts.
A harvest index (TO:0000128) which is the percent of usable fruit (PO:0009001).
A harvest index (TO:0000128) which is the percent of usable leaves (PO:0025034).
A harvest index (TO:0000128) which is the percent of usable seeds (PO:0009010).
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is a quality of a root nodule (PO:0003023).
A root nodule morphology trait (TO:0000898) which is the weight of a root nodule (PO:0003023).
A root nodule morphology trait (TO:0000898) which is the number of root nodules (PO:0003023).
A fruit color (TO:0002617) which is the color of a fruit (PO:0009001) that has been dried.
Refer to color (PATO:0000014): A composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts. Refer to decreased water composition (PATO:0001801): A composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the reduction in amount of water the bearer contains.
A seed coat morphology trait (TO:0000838) which is the bleeding of pigment in a seed coat (PO:0009088).
A seed coat morphology trait (TO:0000838) which is the texture of a seed coat (PO:0009088).
Refer to texture (PATO:0000150): A morphologic quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative size, organization and distribution of its surface elements or the representation or invention of the appearance of its surface; visual and tactile surface characteristics.
A seed coat morphology trait (TO:0000838) which is the pattern of a seed coat (PO:0009088).
Refer to color pattern (PATO:0000019): A chromatic property that is the relative position of different hues or degrees of saturation.
A shoot system yield trait (TO:0000327) which is the yield of seeds (PO:0009010).
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait (TO:0000843) which is a quality of the exocarp (PO:0009085).
An exocarp morphology trait (TO:0000906) which is the thickness of the exocarp (PO:0009085).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002617) which is the hollowness of a fruit (PO:0009001).
A fruit color trait (TO:0002617) which is the uniformity of the color (PATO:0000122) of the fruit (PO:0009001) .
The proportion of the 2D area of the red color epicarp out of the total epicarp area visible from a top view of the proximal fruit end.
A fruit flavor trait (TO:0002694) which is the bitter fruit flavor.
Need PATO quality: bitter - has been requested.
A plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000839) which is a quality of a trichome (PO:0000282).
A trichome morphology trait (TO:0000911) which is a trichome (PO:0000282) lying close to and flat against a surface of a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A trichome morphology trait (TO:0000911) which is a needle-shaped trichome (PO:0000282).
A trichome morphology trait (TO:0000911) which is a gray-haired and hoary trichome (PO:0000282).
A trichome morphology trait (TO:0000911) which is a very slender or hair-like trichome (PO:0000282).
A trichome morphology trait (TO:0000911) which is a club-shaped trichome (PO:0000282).
Clavate (PATO:0001883): A concave 3-D shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's gradually becoming thicker towards the end.
A trichome morphology trait (TO:0000911) which is a sword-shaped trichome (PO:0000282).
Blade-like (PATO:0002235): A tapered shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being flat, slender, and tapering to a point. Synonym: ensiform.
A trichome morphology trait (TO:0000911) which is a rough trichome (PO:0000282).
A caryopsis fruit morphology trait (TO:0001079) which is the weight of a caryopsis fruit (grain or kernel; PO:0030104).
Grain weight (TO:0000919) is a general parent term, covering the weights of various types of caryopsis fruits (PO:0030104), and doesn't specify if they are hulled or dehulled.
A reproductive shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000786) which is a quality of the infructescence (PO:0006342).
A shoot axis morphology trait (TO:0000739) which is a quality of an infructescence axis (PO:0025242).
An infructescence axis morphology trait (TO:0000921) which is the weight of a cob.
Refers to mass (PATO:0000125) A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the proportion of the bearer's amount of matter.
An ear infructescence morphology trait (TO:0000976) that is the weight of an ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
An infructescence axis morphology trait (TO:0000921) which is the color of a cob.
Refers to color (PATO:0000014) A composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts.
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is a quality of a non-vascular leaf (PO:0025075).
A plant structure growth and development trait (TO:0000928) that has as primary participant a multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496).
multi-tissue plant structure growth and development trait
A multi-tissue plant structure development trait (TO:0000927) that has as primary participant a plant organ (PO:0009008).
plant organ growth and development trait
A plant growth and development trait (TO:0000357) which is a quality of a plant structure development stage (PO:0009028).
plant structure growth and development trait
A multi-tissue plant structure development trait (TO:0000927) that has as primary participant a fruit (PO:0009001).
A seed growth and development trait (TO:0000653) which is the extent of seed shattering based on the development of an abscission zone (PO:0000146).
A plant quality trait (TO:0000597) which is the commercial and/or economic value of a seed (PO:0009010).
A hexose content trait (TO:0000307) which is the amount of mannose (CHEBI:37684).
A growth and development trait (TO:0000357) which is the timing of the occurrence of plant structure development stages (PO:0009012) and the relevant biological processes (GO:0008150).
A flowering time trait (TO:0002616) which is the difference between the time to flowering stage (PO:0007616) in long photoperiod (PECO:0007199) and short photoperiod (PECO:0007200) environments.
flowering time response to photoperiod trait (exact)
photoperiod-sensitive flowering time trait
A grain weight (TO:0000919) which is the total weight of all kernels on the primary ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
A shoot system yield trait (TO:0000327) which is a quality of an infructescence (PO:0006342), or the number born on a plant.
An infructescence yield trait (TO:0000936) that is the number of kernels (fruit; PO:0009001) per ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
Often calculated as the number of kernel rows in the middle of the ear times number of kernels per row. Also calculated based on total weight of kernels for an ear and average weight/kernel (Hung et al 2012).
An infructescence yield trait (TO:0000936) that is the number of kernels (fruit; PO:0009001) per row on an ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
An inflorescence axis length (TO:0001072) which is the length of the first order tassel inflorescence axis (PO:0006324) from the most distal branch point to the tip of the tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126).
first order tassel inflorescence axis length (exact)
An inflorescence axis length (TO:0001072) which is the length of the first order tassel inflorescence axis (PO:0006324) where the tassel inflorescence branches (PO:0006323) arise.
An infructescence yield trait (TO:0000936) which is the number of ranks of cupules per ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
Used to look at QTL traits in crosses between Teosinte and maize. In order to compare the two types of ears, the kernel row number (TO:0000687; maize) is divided by two.
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait (TO:0000843) which is the qualities of the aleurone layer (PO:0005360).
An aleurone layer appearance (TO:0000944) that is the color of the aleurone layer (PO:0005360).
An aleurone layer morphology trait (TO:0000942) that is the appearance of the aleurone layer (PO:0005360).
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait (TO:0000843) which is a quality of the pericarp (PO:0009084).
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait (TO:0000843) which is a quality of the endocarp (PO:0009086).
A plant structure growth and development trait (TO:0000928) which is a quality of a whole plant development stage (PO:0007033).
whole plant growth and development trait
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait (TO:0000843) which is a quality of a mesocarp (PO:0009087).
A whole plant growth and development trait (TO:0000947) which is a quality of a seedling development stage (PO:0007131).
A collective phyllome structure morphology trait (TO:0000845) that is a quality of a corolla (PO:0009059).
A corolla morphology trait (TO:0000950) that is the color of a corolla (PO:0009059).
A stem morphology trait (TO:0000361) which is the weight of a stem (PO:0009047).
A shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000077) which is the number of stems (PO:0009047).
An inflorescence branch morphology trait (TO:0000784) which is a quality of a spikelet rachilla (PO:0009080).
A metabolite content related trait (TO:0000281) which is the amount of cyanide (CHEBI:17514) occurring in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
An infructescence axis morphology trait (TO:0000921) which is the shape of a cob.
An infructescence axis morphology trait (TO:0000921) which is the length of a cob.
An infructescence axis morphology trait (TO:0000921) which is the width of a cob.
An infructescence axis morphology trait (TO:0000921) which is the area of a cob.
An infructescence axis morphology trait (TO:0000921) which is the angle of a cob.
An ear infructescence morphology trait (TO:0000976) which is the color of an ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
An ear infructescence morphology trait (TO:0000976) which is the shape of an ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
An ear infructescence morphology trait (TO:0000976) which is the qualitative rating of the harvested ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
An ear infructescence morphology trait (TO:0000976) which is the ratio of ear infructescence position (TO:0000683) to plant height (TO:0000207).
A seed morphology trait (TO:0000184) which is a quality of a hilum (PO:0020063).
A hilum morphology trait (TO:0000967) which is the color of a hilum (PO:0020063).
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is a quality of an ear inflorescence (PO:0020136).
An inflorescence density (TO:0000800) trait which is a quality of a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the presence or absence of hairs on an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
An inflorescence branch morphology trait (TO:0000784) which is the length of a spikelet rachilla (PO:0009080).
An inflorescence branch morphology trait (TO:0000784) which is the shape of a spikelet rachilla (PO:0009080).
An inflorescence branch morphology trait (TO:0000784) which is the pubescence of a spikelet rachilla (PO:0009080).
A caryopsis fruit morphology trait (TO:0001079) which is the width of a grain (PO:0009001).
An infructescence morphology trait (TO:0000920) which is a quality of the ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
A leaf area trait (TO:0000540) that is the size of the total surface area of a leaf (PO:0025034).
Comment: rating scale of 3, small; 5, intermediate; 7 large
A glume morphology trait (TO:0000869) with is the shape of a glume (PO:0009039).
A collective phyllome structure morphology trait (TO:0000845) that is a quality of an involucre (PO:0009100).
A plant embryo cotyledon morphology trait (TO:0000775) which is the color of the plant embryo cotyledon (PO:0025470).
A collective plant organ structure morphology trait (TO:0000842) which is a quality of a root system (PO:0025025).
A flower number trait (TO:0002736) which is the number of staminate flowers (PO:0025600).
A flower number trait (TO:0002736) which is the number of pistillate flowers (PO:0025599).
A shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000077) that is a quality of a shoot-borne shoot system (PO:0004545).
shoot-borne shoot system morphology trait
A shoot-borne shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000988) that is a quality of an epicormic shoot system (PO:0004546).
A seed morphology trait (TO:0000184) which is the hardness of a seed (PO:0009010).
An epicormic shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000989) which is the number of epicormic shoot systems (PO:0004546).
A biological process trait (TO:0000283) which is a quality of a gibberellin biosynthetic process (GO:0009686).
A polysaccharide content trait (TO:0006007) which is the amount of cellulose (CHEBI:62968) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Refers to crystalline cellulose (CHEBI:62968): A (1→4)-β-D-glucan (cellulose) in crystalline form with a structure consisting of several hundred to over ten thousand D-glucose residues joined by β(1→4) glycosidic linkages.
A collective phyllome structure morphology trait (TO:0000845) that is a quality of the androecium (PO:0009061).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the aluminium cation (CHEBI:63062) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A flag leaf anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000832) which is the area of a flag leaf (PO:0020103).
A grain length (TO:0000734) measured on a dehulled, polished grain.
A grain width (TO:0000975) which is the width of the dehulled, polished grain.
A grain length to width ratio (TO:0002731) measured on a dehulled, polished grain.
white rice grain length to width ratio (narrow)
A glume morphology trait (TO:0000869) which is amount the glume (PO:0009039) covers the caryopsis. Often measured as percentage.
A glume morphology trait (TO:0000869) which is the persistence of a glume (PO:0009039).
Measured as percentage of kernels or seeds carrying the glume after threshing. In a normal setup the seeds do not have glumes after the threshing process. Refer to persistence (PATO:0000082): A rhythm quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the repetitiveness of bearer's rhythm.
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the exsertion of an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
A visual estimate of the plant height for a group of plants in an experiment.
Number of basal tillers per plant, should represent most plants within a study.
The height of the tallest basal tiller (basal axillary shoot) of a plant.
A root number (TO:0000084) trait which is the number of adventitious roots (shoot-borne root; PO:0000042).
Adventitious root can be a 'shoot-borne root' (PO:0000042) or one of the child terms- all have adventitious root as a broad synonym. Shoot-borne roots are part of the root system (PO:0025025).
A coleoptile morphology trait (TO:0000753) which is the length of a coleoptile (PO:0020033).
In grass plants the number of days required for the full emergence of the flag leaf in a field or study. It can be counted from date of seed sowing or the transplant (in case of rice).
A count of number of roots present below a given depth from the soil surface.
Number of leaves in a plant that have undergone leaf senescence stage or are considered dead.
A ratio of the deep root dry weight to total root dry weight per plant.
deep root dry weight to total root dry weight ratio (exact)
A root length (TO:0000227) that is the length of one or more lateral roots (PO:0020121).
Average sum of number of lateral roots in a plant derived per experiment.
A leaf weight trait (TO:0000505) which is the dry weight of a leaf (PO:0025034).
The total amount of carbon fixed by the plant per unit time and is measured by determining the changes in CO2 concentration over a plant leaf in a glass enclosure.
A chlorophyll content trait (TO:0000495) which is the relative chlorophyll content of a plant structure (PO:0009011) after a treatment, as compared to that determined under normal growth conditions.
As determined by the ratio of photosynthetic rate to transpiration rate.
photosynthetic rate to transpiration rate ratio (exact)
A ratio of root dry weight to total plant dry weight.
root dry weight to total plant dry weight ratio (related)
Volume of the sap exudate collected from the cut parts of a plant.
Number of days required for the emergence of inflorescence to become visible on the plant.
days to inflorescence emergence (related)
Often in grasses it emerges from the flag leaf which is the top most leaf on the shoot.
Number of days required for the tassel to emerge from the flag leaf in a maize plant or a group of plants in a study.
Often determined when the 50% length of the tassel has emerged as compared to its full length. Number of days is calculated from the day of sowing of the seeds.
Number of days required for the ear shoot to emerge from the given leaf sheath in a maize plant or a group of plants in a study.
Often determined when the 50% length of the ear has emerged as compared to its full length. Number of days is calculated from the day of sowing of the seeds.
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
The total amount of carbon lost metabolically by the plant per unit time and is measured by determining the increase in CO2 concentration over a plant leaf in a glass enclosure.
It is measured as the difference between gross photosynthesis (the total amount of carbon fixed by the plant per unit time) and the respiration (the total amount of carbon lost metabolically during that same time).
Break point of leaf water potential in the regression of leaf water potential against leaf relative water content.
Break point of osmotic adjustment (related)
It is a ratio of harvest index in stress to that of control environment.
It is a ratio of leaf area determined from a stressed plant to that grown in normal environment.
It is a ratio of leaf dry weight determined from a stressed plant to that grown in normal environment.
A panicle number (TO:0000152) trait which is the ratio of panicle number determined from a stressed plant to that grown in normal environment.
It is a ratio of spikelet number per panicle/inflorescence determined from a stressed plant to that grown in normal environment.
relative number of spikelet per panicle (related)
It is a ratio of the plant height determined from a stressed plant to that grown in normal environment.
A stem morphology trait (TO:0000361) which is the width of a stem (PO:0009047).
Please refer to stem senescence (TO:0020085)." [Gramene:cwt, TO:moorel]
A yield trait (TO:0000371) which is the yield of roots (PO:0009005).
A plant quality trait (TO:0000597) which is the quality of roots (PO:0009005).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the barium cation (CHEBI:39125) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the cobalt cation (CHEBI:23336) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the chromium cation (CHEBI:33516) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the iodine cation (CHEBI:33116) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the lead cation (CHEBI:30180) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the silicon cation (CHEBI:30584) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the rubidium cation (CHEBI:49847) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the strontium ion (CHEBI:39130) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A root morphology trait (TO:0000043) which is the number of root hairs (GO:0035618) in a given surface area of a root (PO:0009005).
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait (TO:0000843) which is the cross-sectional area of the root cortex (PO:0000258).
A subterranean shoot axis tuber morphology trait (TO:0000742) which is the length of a subterranean shoot axis tuber (PO:0004547).
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is the cross-sectional area of the root stele (PO:0020124).
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait (TO:0000843) which is the cross-sectional area of the root aerenchyma (PO:0006213).
A root morphology trait (TO:0000043) which is the cross sectional area of a root (PO:0009005).
A root system morphology trait (TO:0000985) which is the width of the root system (PO:0025025).
A root system morphology trait (TO:0000985) which is the depth of the root system (PO:0025025).
A root system morphology trait (TO:0000985) which is the ratio of the root system width (TO:0001057) to root system depth (TO:0001058).
A subterranean shoot axis tuber morphology trait (TO:0000742) which is the width of a subterranean shoot axis tuber (PO:0004547).
An inflorescence axis morphology trait (TO:0000782) which is the thickness of an inflorescence axis (PO:0020122).
A panicle inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000847) which is the number of inflorescence axis internodes (PO:0006326) in a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
A panicle inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000847) which is the length of the inflorescence axis internodes (PO:0006326) in a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
A panicle inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000847) which is the average number of branches per inflorescence axis internode (PO:0006326) in a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
number of panicle inflorescence branches per internode
A panicle inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000847) which is the length of a terminal primary branch in a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
panicle inflorescence terminal primary branch length
A vascular tissue morphology trait (TO_0000470) which is the number of metaxylem vessels (PO:0025620).
The number of metaxylem vessels (PO:0025620) may be counted in a cross section of a primary xylem (PO:0005849).
A flowering time trait (TO:0002616) which is the length of time for a plant or group of plants to reach booting stage (PO:0007014).
A plant quality trait (TO:0000597) that is the utility of a plant, plant structure (PO:0009011) or plant product for post-harvest chemical, biological or mechanical transformation into a desired end product.
A processing quality trait (TO:0001068) that is the utility of a plant, plant structure (PO:0009011) or plant product for a food cooking process (FOODON:03450002).
A processing quality trait (TO:0001068) that is the utility of a plant, plant structure (PO:0009011) or plant product for post-harvest brewing of fermented endproducts.
A shoot system yield trait (TO:0000327) which is the yield of shoot axis tubers (PO:0004543).
Use for tuber yields of yams (Dioscorea spp.) and potatoes (Solanum spp.).
An inflorescence axis morphology trait (TO:0000782) which is the length of an inflorescence axis (PO:0020122).
A fruit senescing quality trait (TO:0002729) that is the tendency of a fruit (PO:0009001) to dehisce, releasing one or more seed(s) (PO:0009001).
A fruit shattering trait (TO:0001073) that is the tendency of a legume fruit (PO:0030100) to dehisce, releasing one or more seed(s) (PO:0009001).
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is the size of a pulvinus (PO:0009000).
A shoot system growth and development trait (TO:0000654) that is a quality of infructescence (PO:0006342) development.
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is a quality of a berry fruit (PO:0030108).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is a quality of a capsule fruit (PO:0030091).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is a quality of a caryopsis fruit (PO:0030104).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is a quality of a drupe fruit (PO:0030103).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is a quality of a follicle fruit (PO:0030105).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is a quality of a legume fruit (PO:0030100).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is a quality of a nut fruit (PO:0030102).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is a quality of a samara fruit (PO:0030099).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is a quality of a schizocarp fruit (PO:0030098).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is a quality of a silique fruit (PO:0030106).
A achene fruit morphology trait (TO:0001097) which is the weight of a achene fruit (PO:0030107).
A berry fruit morphology trait (TO:0001077) which is the weight of a berry fruit (PO:0030108).
A capsule fruit morphology trait (TO:0001078) which is the weight (PATO:0000128) of a capsule fruit (PO:0030091).
A drupe fruit morphology trait (TO:0001080) which is the weight of a drupe fruit (PO:0030103).
A follicle fruit morphology trait (TO:0001081) which is the weight of a follicle fruit (PO:0030105).
A legume fruit morphology trait (TO:0001082) which is the weight of a legume fruit (PO:0030100).
A nut fruit morphology trait (TO:0001083) which is the weight of a nut fruit (PO:0030102).
A samara fruit morphology trait (TO:0001084) which is the weight of a samara fruit (PO:0030099).
A schizocarp fruit morphology trait (TO:0001085) which is the weight of a schizocarp fruit (PO:0030098).
A silique fruit morphology trait (TO:0001086) which is the weight of a silique fruit (PO:0030106).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is a quality of a achene fruit (PO:0030107).
accessory fruit morphology trait (narrow)
A berry fruit morphology trait (TO:0001077) which is a quality of a pepo fruit (PO:0030111).
A berry fruit morphology trait (TO:0001077) which is a quality of a pome fruit (PO:0030110).
A capsule fruit morphology trait (TO:0001078) which is a quality of a circumscissile capsule fruit (PO:0030096).
circumscissile capsule fruit morphology trait
A circumscissile capsule morphology trait (TO:0001100) which is a quality of a utricle capsule fruit (PO:0030097).
A capsule fruit morphology trait (TO:0001078) which is a quality of a coccarium capsule fruit (PO:0030094).
coccarium capsule fruit morphology trait
A capsule fruit morphology trait (TO:0001078) which is a quality of a loculicidal capsule fruit (PO:0030092).
loculicidal capsule fruit morphology trait
A capsule fruit morphology trait (TO:0001078) which is a quality of a poricidal capsule fruit (PO:0030095).
poricidal capsule fruit morphology trait
A capsule fruit morphology trait (TO:0001078) which is a quality of a septicidal capsule fruit (PO:0030093).
septicidal capsule fruit morphology trait
A legume fruit morphology trait (TO:0001082) which is a quality of a loment fruit (PO:0030101).
A berry fruit morphology trait (TO:0001077) which is a quality of a hesperidium fruit (PO:0030109).
A caryopsis fruit morphology trait (TO:0001079) which is the volume of a grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104).
A caryopsis fruit morphology trait (TO:0001079) which is the color of a grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104).
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is a quality of a spike inflorescence (PO:0030117).
A nematode damage response (TO:0000384) to the Soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines).
Refers to soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines; NCBITaxon:51029).
A root morphology trait (TO:0000043) which is the width of a root (PO:0009005).
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is a quality of a leaflet (PO:0020049).
A leaflet morphology trait (TO:0001113) which is the area (PATO:0001323) of a leaflet (PO:0020049).
A leaflet morphology trait (TO:0001113) which is the length (PATO:0000122 ) of a leaflet (PO:0020049).
A leaflet morphology trait (TO:0001113) which is the shape (PATO:0000052) of a leaflet (PO:0020049).
A leaflet morphology trait (TO:0001113) which is the weight (PATO:0000128 ) of a leaflet (PO:0020049).
A leaflet morphology trait (TO:0001113) which is the width (PATO:0000921) of a leaflet (PO:0020049).
A leaflet morphology trait (TO:0001113) which is the size (PATO:0000117 ) of a leaflet (PO:0020049).
A leaflet weight (TO:0001117) which is the ratio of leaflet weight to leaflet area (TO:0001114).
A vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000419) which is a quality of a compound leaf (PO:0020043).
A leaf weight (TO:0000505) which is the ratio of leaf weight to leaf area (TO:0000540).
A leaflet area trait (TO:0001114) that is the ratio of the leaflet area to the leaflet weight (TO:0001117).
A phosphorus content trait (TO:0001024) which is the phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) composition in a root (PO:0009005).
A fruit number trait (TO:0000894) which is the number of legume fruits (PO:0030100), or pods.
A shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000077) which is a quality of a bulb (PO:0025356).
A bulb morphology trait (TO:0001126) which is the diameter (PATO:0001334) of a bulb (PO:0025356).
A bulb morphology trait (TO:0001126) which is the height (PATO:0000119) of a bulb (PO:0025356).
A bulb morphology trait (TO:0001126) which is the width (PATO:0000921) of a bulb (PO:0025356).
A bulb morphology trait (TO:0001126) which is the color (PATO:0000014) of a bulb (PO:0025356).
A capsule fruit morphology trait (TO:0001078) which is the width (PATO:0000921) of a capsule fruit (PO:0030091).
A capsule fruit morphology trait (TO:0001078) which is the length (PATO:0000122) of a capsule fruit (PO:0030091).
A capsule fruit morphology trait (TO:0001078) which is the thickness (PATO:0000915) of a capsule fruit (PO:0030091).
A fruit seed number (TO:0000445) which is the number of seeds in a capsule fruit (PO:0030091).
A fruit number trait (TO:0000894) which is the number of capsule fruit (PO:0030091).
number of capsule fruits per plant (narrow)
A protein content trait (TO:0000598) which is the amount of protein (CHEBI:36080) in a caryopsis fruit (PO:0030104).
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is a quality of a leaflet margin (PO:0006034).
A leaflet morphology trait (TO:0001113) which is the color of a leaflet (PO:0020049).
A leaflet morphology trait (TO:0001113) which is the extent of pubescence (presence of trichomes (PO:0000282)) on a leaflet (PO:0020049).
A chlorophyll content trait (TO:0000495) which is the chlorophyll content of a leaflet (PO:0020049).
An animal damage response trait (TO:0000054) which is the response to damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011) caused by a rodent (NCBITaxon:314147).
Rodents includes rats, mice, rabbits, gophers, beavers, etc.
A fruit yield trait (TO:0000871) which is the amount of legume fruit (PO:0030100) produced.
The yield of pods or legume fruits is often measured in weight per unit area of land.
A biochemical trait (TO:0000277) which is the response to an antioxidant (CHEBI:22586).
A microbial disease response (TO:0000112) trait which is the response to damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011) caused by an infection by a Oomycete pathogen.
Oomycetes are fungus-like organisms which include the pathogen species of the genera Achlya, Peronospora, Phytopthora, Pseudoperonospora, Pythium, Sclerophthora and others. These are the causal agents for Downy Mildew and Late Blight diseases, among others.
A fungal disease response trait (TO:0000439) which is caused by infection by an Asomycete fungal species or combination of species.
A fungal disease response trait (TO:0000439) which is caused by infection by a Basidiomycete fungal species or combination of species.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Fusarium solani.
A fiber content trait (TO:0002642) which is the percentage of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin fiber in a feed or forage.
The process of determining NDF content involves a neutral detergent that dissolves plant pectins, proteins, sugars and lipids. This leaves behind the fibrous parts such as cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose. (REF: Wikipedia)
A seed coat texture (TO:0000903) characterized by shallow, wide depressions on the seed surface, distinctly separated by smooth areas.
A low temperature stress response (TO:0000303) which is the response of a plant structure (PO:0009011) to temperatures less than optimal for growth, but not below freezing.
A low temperature stress response (TO:0000303) which is the response of a plant structure (PO:0009011) to temperatures below freezing.
A freezing stress response trait (TO:0001151) which is the response to damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011) caused by freezing temperatures.
Damage from freezing temperatures occurs when ice forms inside the plant tissues and injures plant cells.
A freezing stress response trait (TO:0001151) which is the percentage of plants that survive freezing temperature exposure.
survival rate after freezing temperature stress
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Mycosphaerella arachidis.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Nothopassalora personata.
A viral disease response trait (TO:0000148) caused by tomato spotted wilt virus.
A moisture content trait (TO:0000228) which is the amount of moisture in a seed (PO:0009010).
A shoot axis morphology trait (TO:0000739) which is the length in a shoot axis (PO:0025029).
A fruit growth and development trait (TO:0000929) where a grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104) remains in a state of quiescence or dormancy (GO:0022611).
An insect damage response trait (TO:0000261) which is caused by insects of the order Coleoptera (beetles, weevils, etc).
An insect damage response trait (TO:0000261) which is caused by insects of the order Hymenoptera (wasps, bees, ants and sawflies).
An insect damage response trait (TO:0000261) which is caused by insects of the order Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths, etc).
An insect damage response trait (TO:0000261) which is caused by insects of the order Diptera (flies, midges, etc).
An insect damage response trait (TO:0000261) which is caused by insects of the order Hemiptera (true bugs).
An insect damage response trait (TO:0000261) which is caused by insects of the order Thysanoptera (thrips).
A processing quality trait (TO:0001068) which includes the physical, biochemical and thermal properties of a type of starch.
The physical, biochemical and thermal properties of a starch determine its functionality and how it behaves in food preparations and industrial applications. Starch quality can be measured using a a machine such as a Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA) where the viscosity of a starch slurry is monitored during controlled heating, holding, and cooling temperature cycles.
A starch quality trait (TO:0001166) which is the tendency of a starch granule (GO:0043036) to swell and absorb water.
Starch gelatinization is a process of breaking down of intermolecular bonds of starch molecules in the presence of water and heat or alkali, allowing the hydrogen bonding sites (the hydroxyl hydrogen and oxygen) to engage more water. This irreversibly dissolves the starch granule in water. Gelatinization results in changes in viscosity of a starch slurry.
A shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000077) which is a quality of a basal axillary shoot system (tiller; PO:0005001).
basal axillary shoot system morphology trait
A shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000077) which is the presence of a stomatal complex (PO:0002000 ).
A metabolite content trait (TO:0000281) which is the amount of one or more fatty acids in a plant structure (PO:0009011) or a plant-derived lipid.
Fatty acids consist of a straight chain of an even number of carbon atoms, with hydrogen atoms along the length and at one end of the chain and a carboxyl group at the other end. Fatty acids may be saturated (no double bonds), or unsaturated (one or more double bonds). Fatty acids are an important component of lipids.
A seedling hypocotyl morphology trait (TO:0000769) which is the weight of a seedling hypocotyl (PO:0025291).
A phenolic compound content ( TO:0020076) which involves polyphenols.
Polyphenols are characterized by their chemical structure, which consists of multiple phenol rings (C6H6O) linked together. Polyphenols include flavonoids phenolic acids (e.g., caffeic acid, ferulic acid), stilbenes (e.g., resveratrol) and lignans.
A floral organ morphology trait (TO:0000862) which is the size of a floral organ (PO:0025395).
A stamen morphology trait (TO:0000225) which is the size of a stamen (PO:0009029).
A pistil morphology trait (TO:0000223) which is the size of a pistil.
A petal morphology trait (TO:0000863) which is the size of a petal (PO:0009032).
A sepal morphology trait (TO:0000864) which is the size of a sepal (PO:0009031).
A petal morphology trait (TO:0000863) which is the length of a petal (PO:0009032).
A petal morphology trait (TO:0000863) which is the width of a petal (PO:0009032) in a flower (PO:0009049).
A sepal morphology trait (TO:0000864) which is the length of a sepal (PO:0009031).
A sepal morphology trait (TO:0000864) which is the width of a sepal (PO:0009031) in a flower (PO:0009049).
A stamen morphology trait (TO:0000215) which is the length of a stamen (PO:0009029).
A pistil morphology trait (TO:0000223) which is the length of a pistil.
A developmental trait resulting development of increased, decreased or new organs and organ parts due to a mutation that causes one member of a repetitive series to assume the identity of another member , for example, the transformation of sepals into petals.
A developmental trait resulting development of increased, decreased or new vegetative organs and organ parts due to a mutation that causes one member of a repetitive series to assume the identity of another member , for example, the transformation of leaves into scales.
A developmental trait resulting development of increased, decreased or new reproductive organs and organ parts due to a mutation that causes one member of a repetitive series to assume the identity of another member , for example, the transformation of sepals into petals.
A floral organ morphology trait (TO:0000862) which is the length of a floral organ (PO:0025395).
A floral organ morphology trait (TO:0000862) which is the width of a floral organ (PO:0025395).
A plant phenological trait (TO:0000933) which is a quality of the timing of anthesis (flowering stage; PO:0007616).
Often influenced by the environment that includes, day light, temperature and geographic location.
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002617) which is the color of a fruit (PO:0009001).
An endocarp morphology trait (TO:0000946) which is a the color of an endocarp (PO:0009084).
A mesocarp morphology trait (TO:0000948) which is the color of a mesocarp (PO:0009087).
An exocarp morphology trait (TO:0000906) which is the color of an exocarp (PO:0009085).
A fruit color trait (TO:0002617) which is the color of a fruit columella (PO:0004540).
The traits observed for the locular tissue present around the seeds as found in Solanaceae.
The values observed in tomato and pepper fruits may be defined differently.
A pericarp morphology trait (TO:0000945) that is the texture of the pericarp (PO:0009084).
An exocarp morphology trait (TO:0000906) that is the texture of the exocarp (PO:0009085).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is the size of a fruit (PO:0009001).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is the length of a fruit (PO:0009001).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is the width of a fruit (PO:0009001).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is the shape of a fruit (PO:0009001).
A multi-tissue plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000836) which is a quality of a fruit (PO:0009001).
A fruit shape (TO:0002628) which is the shape of a fruit distal end (PO:0008001).
A fruit shape (TO:0002628) which is the shape of the fruit proximal end (PO:0008002).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002632) which is the size of the fruit abscission zone (PO:0006503).
A biological process trait (TO:0000283) that is the process of fruit ripening (GO:0009835).
Fruit ripening (GO:0009835) is an aging process that has as participant a fruit. Ripening causes changes in one or more characteristics of a fruit (color, aroma, flavor, texture, hardness, cell wall structure) and may make it more attractive to animals and aid in seed dispersal.
In addition to the fruit color, firmness is the best measurement of ripeness. It is assayed as the force necessary to break the flesh tissues and depends on the different growth stages during the ripening process.
A phyllome margin morphology trait (TO:0000834) which is a quality of a leaf margin (PO:0020128).
Often associated with leaf margin curvature.
A compound leaf morphology trait (TO:0001121) which is the number of leaflets (PO:0020049) in a compound leaf (PO:0020043).
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the size of a leaf (PO:0025034).
Refer to size (PATO:0000117): A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude. If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to vascular leaf morphology (TO:0000419) or non-vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000925), depending on the species.
An assay to associate observing effects on the development of shoot meristem.
A shoot axis morphology trait (TO:0000739) which is the number of, or pattern of, branches arising from a shoot axis (PO:0025029).
A fiber content trait (TO:0002642) which is the proportion of fiber that is composed of cellulose and lignin and is highly indigestible or slowly digestible in a feed or forage.
Acid detergent fiber is composed of cellulose and lignin which are associated with low digestibility. The lower the acid detergent fiber, the more digestible the feed is and the higher the energy value of the feed.
A plant quality trait (TO:0000597) which is the content and quality of fiber in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
It is a measure of the C isotopic composition in plant material relative to the value of the same ratio in the air of the environment where the plant is grown.
A plant quality trait (TO:0000597) which is the proportion of the dry matter content of a forage or feed that is digested in an animal body.
Dry matter digestibility is usually expressed as a percentage.
Percentage of soft malt, measured from micro malting 50g of barley.
Size of flour particles determined after grinding the grains. The size depends on the length and type of grinding.
It affects the water absorption, dough handling characteristics and loaf volume while cooking.
A starch quality trait (TO:0001166) which the proportion of the starch content of a forage or feed that is digested by an animal.
Starch digestibility is usually expressed as a percentage.
A measure of the relative water absorption after soaking a known amount (weight) of seed.
A chemical stress sensitivity (TO:0000482) which is the tolerance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied pesticide.
The directional growth of a whole plant (PO:0000003) or plant structure (PO:0009011) in response to light.
A phototropism response trait (TO:0002650) which is the directional growth of a shoot axis (PO:0025029) in response to light.
A phototropism response trait (TO:0002650) which which is the directional growth of a root (PO:0009005) in response to light.
Assay for the amount of seed storage protein present in the endosperm.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pyruvate + phosphate = AMP + phosphoenolpyruvate + diphosphate.
Pyruvate, phosphate phosphotransferase (exact)
pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase activity trait
A starch quality trait (TO:0001166) which the size of a starch grain (GO:0043036).
Assay to determine the shape of the starch grain. A starch quality trait (TO:0001166) which the shape of a starch grain (GO:0043036).
A chemical stress response trait (TO:0000482) reactive oxygen species in the growth environment.
Some plants may have the ability to detoxify reactive intermediates.
An assay to determine if the starch grains are formed in a plant structure (PO:0009011). Often associated with the starch biosynthesis and branching of the starch.
A pistil morphology trait (TO:0000223) which is the number of pistils in the gynoecium (PO:0009062).
Measures the cytokinin content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
This trait can be derived based on the parameters like, degree of grain filling, grain hardness, hull color, grain moisture, etc. It can be determined for (a)synchronously with any of these parameters.
nonsynchronous seed maturation (related)
A leaf rolling trait (TO:0000085) which is the tolerance for leaf rolling or wilting observed in response to stresses like drought, water and temperature. It precedes leaf drying stage.
Tolerance for leaf necrosis or scorching observed in response to stresses like drought, insecticides and cold temperature as evidenced by less number or chlorotic and/or necrotic tissue.
Cold-induced necrosis tolerance (related)
Tolerance for leaf color yellowing observed in response to stresses like drought, water and temperature. It may precedes leaf drying stage.
Cold-induced yellowing tolerance (broad)
A root morphology trait (TO:0000043) which is the length of a root hair (GO:0035618) present on a root (PO:0009005).
Root hair length can be calculated as the average maximum length of the root hairs present.
A growth hormone content (TO:0000476) trait which is the abscisic acid (CHEBI:62431) content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Measures the jasmonic acid content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A metabolite content trait (TO:0000281) which is phytoalexin content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Phytoalexins are antimicrobial compounds that plants produce on demand at sites of pathogen infection or stress to defend themselves. These substances vary in chemical structure, with examples including isoflavonoids in legumes like soybean, diterpenoids in rice, and sesquiterpenes in pepper plants.
Measures the momilactone A content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
phytoalexin momilactone A content (related)
Momilactone A is a instance of diterpenoid phytoalexin.
Measures the momilactone B content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
phytoalexin momilactone B content (related)
Momilactone B is a instance of diterpenoid phytoalexin.
A growth hormone content (TO:0000476) trait which is the amount of auxin (CHEBI:22676) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A metabolite content trait (TO:0000281) which is the amino acid content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Amino acid tryptophan content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Measures the gibberellic acid content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Measures the brassinosteroid content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Brassinosteroids (BR) are a group of steroidal plant hormones.
Response with respect to application of Brassinosteroid.
A panicle number (TO:0000152) trait which is the absence of panicle in the plant, either due to the abortion of the developmental process and/or due to environmental factors.
The absence of inflorescence in the plant, either due to the abortion of the inflorescence developmental process and/or due to environmental factors.
A seed protein content (TO:0000490) trait which is the amount of albumin protein in a seed.
Albumin proteins area class of globular proteins which are soluble in pure water.
An assay to measure the extent of curling of the leaf lamina.
This is due to the changes in the leaf developmental process and is different from the leaf rolling (TO:0000085) observed due to the water deficient or dorught linke conditions.
A plant cell morphology trait (TO:0002683) which is the shape of a plant cell (PO:0009002) type.
A plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000839) which is a quality of a plant cell (PO:0009002).
A plant cell morphology trait (TO:0002683) which is the size of a plant cell (PO:0009002) type.
A count of number of crown roots present in the seedling.
Traits associated with observing effects on the growth and development of the plant cell and its parts.
An assay to determine the variation in the length of the plant cell due to cell growth and elongation.
A leaf lamina morphology trait (TO:0000829) which is the extent of the bending that occurrs to the leaf lamina (PO:0020039) joint in degrees.
It may happen due to environmental stress such as upon brassinosteroid treatment.
A leaf sheath morphology trait (TO:0000835) which is the length of the leaf sheath (PO:0020104).
Refer to length (PATO:0000122): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points. Usually measured in in centimeters.
A leaf lamina morphology trait (TO:0000829) which is the length of the leaf laimina (PO:0020039).
Refer to length (PATO:0000122): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points. Usually measured in centimeters.
A peduncle morphology trait (TO:0000776) which is the length of a peduncle (PO:0009053).
Peduncle is the stalk of an inflorescence; that part of the inflorescence below the first flower or inflorescence branch and above the last foliage leaf/pair of foliage leaves. Refers to the length ((PATO:0000122):A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points) of a peduncle (PO:0009053).
An assay to determine the variation in the root meristem development.
The variation may be due to both the genotypic and/or environmental effects.
An abiotic plant stress response trait (TO:0000168) which is the response of a plant structure (PO:0009011) to abnormal gravity.
An assay to determine the sensory impression of a fruit by the chemical senses of taste and smell.
The beta-carotene content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
The most common form of carotenoid is beta-carotene.
The alpha-carotene content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
The alpha-carotene is the second most common form of carotenoid.
The cyclic carotene content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
The acyclic carotene content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
The lycopene content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Lycopene is the most efficient quencher of singlet oxygen free radicals.
The quality of producing a sharp sensation of taste or smell.
The leutein content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Cercospora spp.
OBSOLETE The resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to the disease caused by a protist infection as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species.
Causal agent: Meloidogyne incognita. Symptom: resistant to damage caused by the pathogen Meloidogyne incognita (root knot nematode). It produces characteristic galls (swellings) on roots.
Causal agent: Pseudoperonospora cubensis.
It causes the downy mildew disease in cucurbits.
Causal agent: Meloidogyne javanica. Symptom: resistant to damage caused by the pathogen Meloidogyne javanica (root knot nematode). It produces characteristic galls (swellings) on roots.
A petiole morphology trait (TO:0000765) which is the color of the petiole (PO:0020038).
A root morphology trait (TO:0000043) which is the shape of a root (PO:0009005).
A whole plant growth and development trait (TO:0000947) which is the color of plant and the photosynthetic organs remain green compared to turning yellow and or brown at the time of senescing.
A plant cell morphology trait (TO:0002683) which is a quality of a cell organelle.
cell organelle development trait (related)
A plant structure growth and development trait (TO:0000928) which is a quality of plastid development.
Trait(s) associated with phenotypes observed for abnormal development of chloroplast structure and biogenesis.
A leaf sheath morphology trait (TO: 0002717) which is the extent of pubescence (presence of hairs) on the leaf sheath auricle (PO:0020106).
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is a quality of a leaf sheath auricle (PO:0020106).
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is a quality of an awn (PO:0025349).
An awn morphology trait (TO:0002718) which is the thickness of the awn (PO:0025349) measured at a given distance from the apiculus.
A leaf lamina morphology trait (TO:0000829) which is the width of the leaf lamina (PO:0020039).
Refer to width (PATO:0000921): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance from one side of an object to another side which is opposite. in centimeters
A leaf sheath morphology trait (TO:0000835) which is the width of the leaf sheath (PO:0020104).
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the presence of leaf trichomes (PO:0006504; hairs) on a leaf (PO:0025034).
A leaf lamina margin morphology trait (TO:0000830) which is the extent of pubescence (presence of hairs) on a leaf lamina margin (PO:0025009).
A leaf sheath morphology trait (TO:0000835) which is the color of the leaf sheath (PO:0020104).
Determined for type of life cycle being annual, biannual, perennial etc.
A lemma morphology trait (TO:1000023) which is the shape of a sterile lemma (PO:0009040).
A lemma morphology trait (TO:0000079) which is the width of a sterile lemma (PO:0009040).
Measured in the widest portion of the sterile lemma. Refer to width PATO:0000921: A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance from one side of an object to another side which is opposite.
A plant quality trait (TO:0000597) which is the commercial and/or economic value of a fruit (PO:0009001) , or its overall improvement.
Traits associated with the fruit abscission zone.
A caryopsis fruit morphology trait (TO:0001079) which is the shape of a grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104).
A grain size (TO:0000397) which is the grain length and grain width on dehulled grain.
dehulled-grain length to width ratio (related)
In grasses the flag leaf angle is measured near the collar as the angle of attachment between the flag leaf blade and the main inflorescence axis in grass plants. Observed around anthesis stage.
flag leaf attitude: early stage (related)
In grasses the flag leaf angle is measured near the collar as the angle of attachment between the flag leaf blade and the main inflorescence axis in grass plants. Observed at maturity stage.
flag leaf attitude: late stage (related)
An awn morphology trait (TO:0002718) which is the presence or absence of an awn (PO:0025349). Observation may include relative awn size.
Malformed inflorescence (panicle in rice), by staying upright/straight at the time of maturity and may carry infertile seeds.
For rice: Straighthead is a physiological disorder that causes the entire head to be blank and remain upright at maturity in rice. Straighthead generally occurs in spots scattered throughout a field and is most easily recognized near harvest when normal plants have downturned heads (from the weight of the grain in the panicle). The disease is frequently found on sandy loam soils but seldom on clay soils. Old cotton fields with arsenic residues can have a severe incidence of straighthead. Other, as yet unknown, soil factors are also involved in causing straighthead. Often it is found in fields where excessive non-decayed vegetation has been plowed under just before planting. The disease is characterized by upright heads when the rice matures due to infertile seed. Hulls may be distorted into a crescent shape or "parrot beak". One or both hulls may be missing. Affected plants continue to grow, are a darker green, and often produce shoots from a lower portion of the plant. First year crops of rice grown on "new ground" are more likely to be affected. Some varieties are more tolerant than others. Control measures include planting resistant varieties and draining fields with a history of the disorder just prior to internode elongation.
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000582 ) which is the number of flowers (PO:0009046).
Average number of flowers (florets) per branch in a grass inflorescence.
Average number of flowers (florets) in a grass inflorescence.
The average surface area of the grain without hull (dehulled) in a grass fruit caryopsis.
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is the volume of the fruit (PO:0002629).
Refer to volume (PATO:0000918): A 3-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of 3-dimensional space it occupies.
A grain volume (TO:0001108) which is the volume of a dehulled grain.
A fruit length (TO:0002626) which is the average length of the curved surface of fruit (PO:0009001).
A grain length (TO:0000734) which is the curved surface of grain without hull (dehulled).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) that is the weight of a fruit (PO:0009001).
Fruit weight is the weight of one or more fruits at a specified level of maturity and, for grain, moisture level. In maize it is often reported as 100 or 1000 kernel weight, in grams and at 15% moisture content.
A dehulled grain weight (TO:0000590) which is the weight of a sample of 10 dehulled grains (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104).
A vascular leaf morphology trait (TO:0000419) which is a quality of a ligule (PO:0020105).
A ligule morphology trait (TO:0002748) which is the extent of pubescence (presence of hairs) on the ligule (PO:0020105).
A ligule morphology trait (TO:0002748) which isthe extent of pubescence (presence of hairs) on the margin of a ligule (PO:0020105).
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the arrangement of inflorescence branches (PO:0009081).
An inflorescence branch arrangement (TO:0002751) trait which is the arrangement of primary branches in an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
arrangement of inflorescence primary branch
An inflorescence axis morphology trait (TO:0000782) which is the texture of an inflorescence axis (PO:0020122).
Refers to the texture (PATO:0000150): A morphologic quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative size, organization and distribution of its surface elements or the representation or invention of the appearance of its surface; visual and tactile surface characteristics) of an inflorescence axis (PO:0020122).
Trait(s) associated with phenotypes observed for abnormal development of cell organelle structure and its biogenesis.
Estimated by the angle of inclination of the main shoot/stem against the soil/growth medium surface.
A flag leaf morphology trait (TO:0000832) which is the length of the flag leaf (PO:0020103).
Actual measurements, in centimeters of the widest portion of the flag leaf lamina.
A fruit number trait (TO:0000894) which is the number of grains (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104) in an infructescence (PO:0006342).
A grain width (TO:0000975) with caryopsis hull (PO:0006000).
Average length of the curved surface of grain with hull (hulled).
The average surface area of the grain with hull (hulled) in a grass fruit caryopsis.
A grain volume (TO:0001108) which is the volume of a grain with a caryopsis hull (PO:0006000).
A ligule morphology trait (TO:0002748) which is a shape of a margin of a ligule (PO:0020105).
A shoot system growth and development trait (TO:0000654) which is the formation of a rhizome (PO:0004542).
A spikelet morphology trait (TO:0000657) which is the length of a spikelet (PO:0009051).
A stem weight trait (TO:0000952) which is the fresh weight of a stem (PO:0009047).
A stem weight trait (TO:0000952) which is the dry weight of a stem (PO:0009047).
An infructescence weight trait (TO:0000583) which is the fresh weight of an infructescence (PO:0006342).
An infructescence weight trait (TO:0000583) which is the dry weight of an infructescence (PO:0006342).
A fruit weight trait (TO:0002746) that is the fresh weight of a fruit (PO:0009001).
A fruit weight trait (TO:0002746) that is the dry weight of a fruit (PO:0009001).
A reproductive shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000786) which is a quality of a second order infructescence (PO:0025241).
second order infructescence morphology trait
A second order infructescence morphology trait (TO:0003006) which is the fresh weight of a second order infructescence (PO:0025241).
A second order infructescence morphology trait (TO:0003006) which is the dry weight of a second order infructescence (PO:0025241).
A tuberous root tuber morphology trait (TO:1000007) which is the weight of a tuberous root tuber (PO:0025476).
A tuberous root tuber weight trait (TO:0003009) which is the fresh weight of a tuberous root tuber (PO:0025476).
A tuberous root tuber weight trait (TO:0003009) which is the dry weight of a tuberous root tuber (PO:0025476).
A subterranean shoot axis tuber weight trait (TO:0000746) which is the fresh weight of a subterranean shoot axis tuber (PO:0004547).
subterranean shoot axis tuber fresh weight
A subterranean shoot axis tuber weight trait (TO:0000746) which is the dry weight of a subterranean shoot axis tuber (PO:0004547).
subterranean shoot axis tuber dry weight
A grain weight (TO:0000919) which is the fresh weight of a grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104), including the caryopsis hull (PO:0006000).
A grain weight (TO:0000919) which is the dry weight of a grain (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104), including the caryopsis hull (PO:0006000).
A 100-grain weight (TO:0000269) which is the fresh weight of a sample of 100 grains (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104), with the caryopsis hull (PO:0006000).
A grain weight (TO:0000269) which is the dry weight of a sample of 100 grains (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104), with the caryopsis hull (PO:0006000).
A grain weight (TO:0000382) which is the fresh weight of a sample of 1000 grains (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104), with the caryopsis hull (PO:0006000).
A grain weight (TO:0000382) which is the dry weight of a sample of 1000 grains (caryopsis fruit; PO:0030104), with the caryopsis hull (PO:0006000).
An infructescence weight trait (TO:0000014) which is the fresh weight of a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
An infructescence weight trait (TO:0000014) which is the dry weight of a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
An ear infructescence weight trait (TO:0000923) that is the fresh weight of an ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
An ear infructescence weight trait (TO:0000923) that is the dry weight of an ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
A cob weight trait (TO:0000922) which is the fresh weight of a cob (ear infructescence axis; PO:0025623).
A cob weight trait (TO:0000922) which is the dry weight of a cob (ear infructescence axis; PO:0025623).
An inflorescence weight (TO:0000803) trait which is the weight of a spike inflorescence (PO:0030117).
A spike weight (TO:0003026) trait which is the fresh weight of a spike inflorescence (PO:0030117).
A spike weight (TO:0003026) trait which is the dry weight of a spike inflorescence (PO:0030117).
A legume fruit weight trait (TO:0001092) which is the dry weight of a legume fruit (PO:0030100).
A legume fruit weight trait (TO:0001092) which is the fresh weight of a legume fruit (PO:0030100).
A pepo fruit morphology trait (TO:0001098) which is the weight of a pepo fruit (PO:0030111).
A pepo fruit weight trait (TO:0003031) which is the fresh weight of a pepo fruit (PO:0030111).
A pepo fruit weight trait (TO:0003031) which is the dry weight of a pepo fruit (PO:0030111).
A moisture content trait (TO:0000228) which is the amount of moisture of a leaf (PO:0025034).
A moisture content trait (TO:0000228) which is the amount of moisture in a stem (PO:0009047).
A moisture content trait (TO:0000228) which is the amount of moisture in a root (PO:0009005).
A moisture content trait (TO:0000228) which is the amount of moisture in the whole plant (PO:0000003).
A moisture content trait (TO:0000228) which is the amount of moisture in the shoot system (PO:0009006).
A moisture content trait (TO:0000228) which is the amount of moisture in a infructescence (PO:0006342).
A fruit moisture content trait (TO:0000686) which is the amount of moisture in a pepo fruit (PO:0030111).
A moisture content trait (TO:0000228) which is the amount of moisture in a second order infructescence (PO:0025241).
second order infructescence moisture content
A moisture content trait (TO:0000228) which is the amount of moisture in a tuberous root tuber (PO:0025476).
A moisture content trait (TO:0000228) which is the amount of moisture in a subterranean shoot axis tuber (PO:0004547).
subterranean shoot axis tuber moisture content
A fruit moisture content trait (TO:0000686) which is the amount of moisture in a legume fruit (PO:0030100).
A moisture content trait (TO:0000228) which is the amount of moisture in a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
A moisture content trait (TO:0000228) which is the amount of moisture in a ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
A moisture content trait (TO:0000228) which is the amount of moisture in an ear infructescence axis (PO:0025623).
A moisture content trait (TO:0000228) which is the amount of moisture in a spike inflorescence (PO:0030117).
A potassium content trait (TO:0000609) which is the amount of potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) in a leaf (PO:0025034).
A potassium content trait (TO:0000609) which is the amount of potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) in a stem (PO:0009047).
A potassium content trait (TO:0000609) which is the amount of potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) in an infructescence (PO:0006342).
A potassium content trait (TO:0000609) which is the amount of potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) in a pepo fruit (PO:0030111).
A potassium content trait (TO:0000609) which is the amount of potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) in a second order infructescence (PO:0025241).
second order infructescence potassium content
A potassium content trait (TO:0000609) which is the amount of potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) in a tuberous root tuber (PO:0025476).
A potassium content trait (TO:0000609) which is the amount of potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) in a subterranean shoot axis tuber (PO:0004547).
subterranean shoot axis tuber potassium content
A potassium content trait (TO:0000609) which is the amount of potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) in a caryopsis fruit (PO:0030104).
A potassium content trait (TO:0000609) which is the amount of potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) in a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
A potassium content trait (TO:0000609) which is the amount of potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) in a ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
A potassium content trait (TO:0000609) which is the amount of potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) in a ear infructescence axis (PO:0025623).
A potassium content trait (TO:0000609) which is the amount of potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) in a spike inflorescence (PO:0030117).
A potassium content trait (TO:0000609) which is the amount of potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) in a legume fruit (PO:0030100).
A nitrogen content trait (TO:0020093) which is the amount of nitrogen (CHEBI:51143) in a stem (PO:0009047).
A nitrogen content trait (TO:0020093) which is the amount of nitrogen (CHEBI:51143) in an infructescence (PO:0006342).
A nitrogen content trait (TO:0020093) which is the amount of nitrogen (CHEBI:51143) in a pepo fruit (PO:0030111).
A nitrogen content trait (TO:0020093) which is the amount of nitrogen (CHEBI:51143) in a second order infructescence (PO:0025241).
second order infructescence nitrogen content
A nitrogen content trait (TO:0020093) which is the amount of nitrogen (CHEBI:51143) in a tuberous root tuber (PO:0025476).
A nitrogen content trait (TO:0020093) which is the amount of nitrogen (CHEBI:51143) in a subterranean shoot axis tuber (PO:0004547).
subterranean shoot axis tuber nitrogen content
A nitrogen content trait (TO:0020093) which is the amount of nitrogen (CHEBI:51143) in a caryopsis fruit (PO:0030104).
A nitrogen content trait (TO:0020093) which is the amount of nitrogen (CHEBI:51143) in a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
A nitrogen content trait (TO:0020093) which is the amount of nitrogen (CHEBI:51143) in a ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
A nitrogen content trait (TO:0020093) which is the amount of nitrogen (CHEBI:51143) in a ear infructescence axis (PO:0025623).
A nitrogen content trait (TO:0020093) which is the amount of nitrogen (CHEBI:51143) in a spike inflorescence (PO:0030117).
A nitrogen content trait (TO:0020093) which is the amount of nitrogen (CHEBI:51143) in a legume fruit (PO:0030100).
A nitrogen content trait (TO:0020093) which is the amount of nitrogen (CHEBI:51143) in a root (PO:0009005).
A phosphorus content trait (TO:0001024) which is the amount of phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) in a stem (PO:0009047).
A phosphorus content trait (TO:0001024) which is the amount of phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) in an infructescence (PO:0006342).
A phosphorus content trait (TO:0001024) which is the amount of phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) in a pepo fruit (PO:0030111).
banana finger phosphorus content (exact)
A phosphorus content trait (TO:0001024) which is the amount of phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) in a second order infructescence (PO:0025241).
second order infructescence phosphorus content
A phosphorus content trait (TO:0001024) which is the amount of phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) in a tuberous root tuber (PO:0025476).
A phosphorus content trait (TO:0001024) which is the amount of phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) in a subterranean shoot axis tuber (PO:0004547).
subterranean shoot axis tuber phosphorus content
A phosphorus content trait (TO:0001024) which is the amount of phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) in a caryopsis fruit (PO:0030104).
A phosphorus content trait (TO:0001024) which is the amount of phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) in a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
A phosphorus content trait (TO:0001024) which is the amount of phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) in a ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
A phosphorus content trait (TO:0001024) which is the amount of phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) in a ear infructescence axis (PO:0025623).
A phosphorus content trait (TO:0001024) which is the amount of phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) in a spike inflorescence (PO:0030117).
A phosphorus content trait (TO:0001024) which is the amount of phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) in a legume fruit (PO:0030100).
A carbon content trait (TO:0000466) which is the amount of carbon (CHEBI:27594) in a leaf (PO:0025034).
A carbon content trait (TO:0000466) which is the amount of carbon (CHEBI:27594) in a stem (PO:0009047).
A carbon content trait (TO:0000466) which is the amount of carbon (CHEBI:27594) in a root (PO:0009005).
A carbon content trait (TO:0000466) which is the amount of carbon (CHEBI:27594) in an infructescence (PO:0006342).
A carbon content trait (TO:0000466) which is the amount of carbon (CHEBI:27594) in a pepo fruit (PO:0030111).
A carbon content trait (TO:0000466) which is the amount of carbon (CHEBI:27594) in a second order infructescence (PO:0025241).
second order infructescence carbon content
A carbon content trait (TO:0000466) which is the amount of carbon (CHEBI:27594) in a tuberous root tuber (PO:0025476).
A carbon content trait (TO:0000466) which is the amount of carbon (CHEBI:27594) in a subterranean shoot axis tuber (PO:0004547).
subterranean shoot axis tuber carbon content
A carbon content trait (TO:0000466) which is the amount of carbon (CHEBI:27594) in a caryopsis fruit (PO:0030104).
A carbon content trait (TO:0000466) which is the amount of carbon (CHEBI:27594) in a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
A carbon content trait (TO:0000466) which is the amount of carbon (CHEBI:27594) in a ear infructescence (PO:0025597).
A carbon content trait (TO:0000466) which is the amount of carbon (CHEBI:27594) in a ear infructescence axis (PO:0025623).
A carbon content trait (TO:0000466) which is the amount of carbon (CHEBI:27594) in a spike inflorescence (PO:0030117).
A carbon content trait (TO:0000466) which is the amount of carbon (CHEBI:27594) in a legume fruit (PO:0030100).
A multi-tissue plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000836) which is a quality of a plant gall (PO:0025626).
Plant galls are formed in response to some biotic stress (PSO:0000004), such as damage caused by an insect, mite, microorganism or other plant.
The linoleic acid content in or extracted from a plant structure (PO:0009011).
(9Z,12Z)-Octadecadienoic acid content (exact)
(Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid content (exact)
9-cis,12-cis-Octadecadienoic acid content (exact)
9Z,12Z-octadecadienoic acid content (exact)
According to the Codex Alimentarium, the FAO international standards for food product specifications, the normal values may differ depending on the source plant. For example, in soybean oil the normal values for linoleic acid content are 48% - 59%.
The oleic acid content in or extracted from a plant structure (PO:0009011).
(9Z)-octadec-9-enoic acid content (exact)
(Z)-Octadec-9-enoic acid content (exact)
According to the Codex Alimentarium, the FAO international standards for food product specifications, the normal values may differ depending on the source plant. For example, for soybean oil the normal values for oleic acid content are 17% - 30%.
The stearic acid content in or extracted from a plant structure (PO:0009011).
According to the Codex Alimentarium, the FAO international standards for food product specifications, the normal values may differ depending on the source plant. e.g. for soybean oil the normal values for stearic acid content are 2% - 5.4%.
OBSOLETE The omega-3 fatty acid content in or extracted from a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Omega-3 fatty acid (CHEBI:25681) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid (CHEBI:26208). There are four subtypes of omega-3 fatty acids, namely, alpha-licanic acid (CHEBI:28771), all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid (CHEBI:28125), all-cis-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoic acid and alpha-linolenic acid (CHEBI:27432).
The alpha-linolenic acid content in or extracted from a plant structure (PO:0009011).
(9,12,15)-linolenic acid content (exact)
(9Z,12Z,15Z)-Octadecatrienoic acid content (exact)
(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid content (exact)
9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid content (exact)
9-cis,12-cis,15-cis-octadecatrienoic acid content (exact)
all-cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid content (exact)
cis,cis,cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid content (exact)
According to the Codex Alimentarium, the FAO international standards for food product specifications, the normal values may differ depending on the source plant. For example, in soybean oil the normal values for alpha-linolenic acid content are 4.5% - 11%.
An assay to determine the sensitivity (tolerance or susceptibility) exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied herbicide glyphosate.
An assay to determine the sensitivity (tolerance or susceptibility) exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied herbicide glufosinate.
An assay to determine the sensitivity (tolerance or susceptibility) exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied herbicide class of acetolactate synthase inhibitor.
acetolactate synthase inhibitor susceptibility (narrow)
acetolactate synthase inhibitor tolerance (narrow)
acetolactate synthase inhibitor sensitivity
A Lepidoptera damage response trait (TO:0001162) which is caused by a European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis).
A Coleoptera damage response trait (TO:0001160) which is caused by a rootworm beetle (Diabrotica spp.).
Tolerance to the high salt content in the growth medium.
Amino acid proline content in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Amount of oligosaccharides present in the plant or its parts.
Oligosaccharide is a carbohydrate polymer that on hydrolysis yields a small number of monosaccharide molecules.
Amount of raffinose present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Amount of fructose present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Amount of monosaccharide present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Amount of polysaccharide present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
OBSOLETE A carbohydrate content (TO:0000291) which is the amount of carbohydrate derivatives (CHEBI:63299) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
OBSOLETE carbohydrate derivative content
A plant organ morphology trait (TO:0000736) which is a quality of a lodicule (PO:0009036) and its parts.
A lodicule morphology trait (TO:0006009) which is the average number of lodicules (PO:0009036) per grass flower (floret) in a study.
A lodicule morphology trait (TO:0006009) which is the shape of a lodicule (PO:0009036).
A megasporophyll morphology trait (TO:0000867) which is a quality of a carpel (PO:0009030).
A carpel morphology trait (TO:0006012) which is the number of carpels (PO:0009030) in the gynoecium (PO:0009062).
A leaf morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is the arrangement of the leaves on the shoot of a plant.
Traits associated with observing effects on the development of a given tissue type.
An assay to determine the variation in the meristematic tissue development.
Trait to determine the variation or effect on the establishment of meristem identity or determinacy.
Trait associated with observing effects on the establishment of organ identity.
Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.
Trait associated with observing effects on the establishment of floral organ identity.
An assay to associate observing effects on the development of shoot apical (SAM) meristem.
Trait associated with the transition of vegetative growth phase to the reproductive growth phase.
Usually observed at the time of transition of shoot apical meristem (a vegetative meristem) to the inflorescence apical meristem (a reproductive meristem).
vegetative to reproductive phase transition trait
Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the floral organ and its parts.
Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the lodicule in a grass flower (floret).
Ectopic development of lodicule in a grass flower (floret).
Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the floral bracts.
A flower morphology trait (TO:0000499) which is the number of flower bracts (TO:0006026).
An inflorescence development trait (TO:0000621) which is the quality of the development of an inflorescence bract (PO:0009054).
Number of given type of bracts in a inflorescence.
Number of glumes in an inflorescence of grass, sedge or similar plant.
Trait associated to observed effect on the establishment of spikelet meristem identity or determinacy.
An inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000373) which is the variation in size of inflorescence (PO:0009049).
A panicle inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000847) which is the variation in size of panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
A tertiary branching of inflorescence (TO:0006035) trait which is the number of tertiary branches in an inflorescence (PO:0009049).
An inflorescence branching (TO:0000050) trait which is the extent of tertiary branching that usually determines the shape and compactness of the inflorescence (PO:0009049) (such as in rice panicle).
Alternative associated traits are stem length (TO:0000576) and shoot elongation rate (TO:0000368).
A carpel morphology trait (TO:0006012) which is the shape of a carpel (PO:0009030).
A floral organ morphology trait (TO:0000862) which is the number of floral organ (PO:0025395) types in a flower (PO:0009046).
A petal morphology trait (TO:0000863) which is the number of petals (PO:0009032) in a flower (PO:0009049).
A sepal morphology trait (TO:0000864) which is the number of the sepals (PO:0009031) in a flower (PO:0009049).
A tepal morphology trait (TO:0000865) which is the number of the tepals (PO:0009033) in a flower (PO:0009049).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the lithium cation (CHEBI:49713) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
May be assayed for per gram fresh weight.
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the boron cation (CHEBI:30168) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the magnesium cation (CHEBI:18420) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A phosphorus content (TO:0001024) which is the concentration of phosphorus (CHEBI:26082) in some plant structure (PO:0009011)
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the sulfur cation (CHEBI:29832) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the calcium cation (CHEBI:39123) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A manganese content (TO:0020091) which is the concentration of manganese (CHEBI:25154) in some plant structure (PO:0009011)
An iron content (TO:0020089) which is the concentration of iron cation (CHEBI:24875) in a plant structure (PO:0009011)
A cobalt content trait (TO:0001044) which is the concentration of cobalt cation (CHEBI:23336) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the nickel cation (CHEBI:25516) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A copper content (TO:0020092) which is the concentration of copper (CHEBI:23377) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A zinc content (TO:0020090) which is the concentration of zinc (CHEBI:63056) in some plant structure (PO:0009011)
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the arsenic cation (CHEBI:35829) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the selenium ion (CHEBI:60250) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the molybdenum cation (CHEBI:37239) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
The total Cu2+ ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant structure (PO:0009011) or plant extract.
The total Cu3+ ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant structure (PO:0009011) or plant extract.
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the cadmium cation (CHEBI:63063) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A leaf color trait (TO:0006060) describing the yellowing of leaves, due to insufficient production of chlorophyll.
Leaf surface affected by abiotic stresses like insecticides and cold temperature as evidenced by chlorotic tissue.
A plant phenological trait (TO:0000933) which is the number of days taken from the day of sowing to the first emergence of cotyledons or hypocotyl.
The average width of a plant measured across an axis such as the main stem/stalk.
A leaf margin morphology trait (TO:0002635) which is a notched or grooved leaf margin (PO:0020128).
Refer to serrated (PATO:0001206): A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of having sharp straight-edged teeth pointing to the apex.
Leaf lamina rolled into a tube like structure.
A seedling hypocotyl morphology trait (TO:0000769) which is the length of a seedling hypocotyl (PO:0025291).
A leaf pubescence (TO:0002722) trait which is the density of leaf trichomes (PO:0006504).
A Hemiptera damage response trait (TO:0001164) caused by insects of the Aphididae family.
Measure of the seed's germination ability in dark.
A measure of seed dormancy defined as the days of seed dry storage required to reach 50% germination (DSDS50).
A seed morphology trait (TO:0000184) which is the volume of a seed (PO:0009010).
The percentage of seeds that germinate against the total number of seeds planted.
Describes the way different colors, their hue and shades are distributed on a leaf lamina and its parts such as leaf margin, leaf tip, leaf veins.
An inflorescence primary branch morphology trait (TO:0000846) which is the attitude of a second order inflorescence axis (PO:0006321) in terms of upright and drooping characters.
Associated to the trait inflorescence type (TO:0000267).
An inflorescence axis morphology trait (TO:0000782) which is the color of an inflorescence axis (PO:0020122).
An inflorescence branch morphology trait (TO:0000784) which is the color of the inflorescence branch (PO:0009081).
Length of the leaf penultimate to the first leaf below the inflorescence.
In case of cereal crop plants such as rice, corn, wheat etc., first leaf below the inflorescence or the last leaf on the shoot is called the flag leaf. Penultimate leaf is the one below flag leaf.
Lamina width of the leaf penultimate to the first leaf below the inflorescence.
An awn morphology trait (TO:0002718) which is the width of the awn (PO:0025349).
A floral organ length (TO:0002614) that is the length of the stigma (PO:0009073).
A floral organ length (TO:0002614) that is the length of the style (PO:0009074).
Color of the spatial section of the internode that is found proximal (next) to the colored node of a stem.
internode color in proxomity to colored node
Leaf Area Index (LAI) is the ratio of total upper leaf surface of vegetation divided by the surface area of the land on which the vegetation grows.
LAI is used to predict photosynthetic primary production and as a reference tool for crop growth. Measured on the plant canopy only.
A chlorophyll content trait (TO:0000495) which is the chlorophyll content of a leaf (PO:0025034).
OBSOLETE chlorophyll content in an extract
A chlorophyll fluorescence trait (TO:0012006) which is the efficiency of light energy conversion into chemical energy by plants.
OBSOLETE chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics
A biological process trait (TO:0000283) which is the release of excess energy through the emission of red light by chlorophyll molecules.
OBSOLETE quantum yield determined by the light curve
OBSOLETE quantum yield at a given wavelength
Leaf Area Duration (LAD) is the ratio of total upper leaf surface of vegetation divided by the surface area of the land on which the vegetation grows. Measured over time.
Rate of loss of normal leaf color over time.
In grasses often measured for flag or the second leaf from top.
A panicle inflorescence morphology trait (TO:0000847) which is the compactness of a panicle inflorescence (PO:0030123).
Refer to compact (PATO:0001485): A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being thicker or more closely packed together; pressed tightly together. Refer to shape (PATO:0000052): A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc).
A grain yield trait (TO:0000396) which is the ratio of grain weight (TO:0000919) to panicle weight (TO:0000014).
A potassium content trait (TO:0000609) which is the potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A sodium content trait (TO:0000608) which is the sodium cation (CHEBI:29101) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A Lepidoptera damage response trait (TO:0001162) caused by a sorghum stem borer (Chilo partellus).
Infections causes the appearance of small elongated holes in young whorl leaves, tunelling of earheads results in breakage or chaffy earheads affecting grain development.
A Diptera damage response trait (TO:0001163) which is caused by a sorghum shoot fly (Atherigona soccata).
Larval feeding results in central leaf wilting and drying, causing the typical deadheart symptom.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Aspergillus spp and Penicillium spp.
Trait is measured as extent of grain surface covered with mold.
A Basidiomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001146) caused by Puccinia purpurea infection.
Infection causes purple, red or tan flecks on both surfaces of leaves, leaving a reddish powder on fingers when passed over it.
It causes abundant downy white growth on the under surfaces of infected portions of leaves during humid weather, mature infected leaves become necrotic and intervenal tissues disintegrate to give the typical shredded leaf symptom.
OBSOLETE chickpea botrytis grey mold response
OBSOLETE chickpea fusarium wild resistance
OBSOLETE chickpea colleotrichum blight response
OBSOLETE chickpea ascochyta blight response
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) in Sorghum bicolor (NCBITaxon:4558) caused by Exserohilum turcicum (Setosphaeria turcica).
A seed morphology trait (TO:0000184) which is the texture of a seed (PO:0009010).
A seed coat pattern trait (TO:0000904) where the seed coat (PO:0009088) has colored spots.
Refer to spotted (PATO:0000333): A color pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of bearer's being marked with a round area of different hue or degree of saturation.
A shoot axis branching trait (TO:0002639) which is the number of, or pattern of, branches arising from a tertiary shoot axis (branch; PO:0025073).
A shoot axis branching trait (TO:0002639) which is the number of, or pattern of, branches arising from a secondary shoot axis (branch; PO:0025073).
A shoot axis branching trait (TO:0002639) which is the number of or pattern of branches arising from a stem (PO:0009047).
primary shoot axis branch number (exact)
OBSOLETE basal axillary tertiary branch number
OBSOLETE basal axillary secondary branch number
OBSOLETE basal axillary primary branch number
OBSOLETE apical axillary tertiary branch number
OBSOLETE apical axillary secondary branch number
OBSOLETE apical axillary primary branch number
Length of pubescence (presence of hairs) on the leaf blade surface.
Density of pubescence (presence of hairs) on the leaf blade surface.
A leaf lamina margin pudescence (TO:0002723) trait which is the length of pubescence (presence of hairs) on the leaf lamina margin (PO:0025009).
Refer to pubescent hair (PATO:0001320): A pilosity quality of being covered with short hairs or soft down. Refer to length (PATO:0000122): A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points.
A leaf lamina margin pubescence trait (TO:0002723) which is the density of pubescence (presence of hairs) on the leaf lamina margin (PO:0025009).
Refer to pubescent hair (PATO:0001320): A pilosity quality of being covered with short hairs or soft down. Refer to density (PATO:0001019): A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of some influence is exerted by the bearer's mass per unit size.
A glume morphology trait (TO:0000869) which is the length of a glume (PO:0009039) measured in mm (millimeter).
A glume morphology trait (TO:0000869) with is the measurement of width of glume (PO:0009039) in mm (millimeter).
A glume pubescence (TO:0020036) trait which is the measurement of glume hairines density on outer side of sterile glume (PO:0009039).
A glume morphology trait (TO:0000869) which is the extent of pubescence (presence of hairs) on the glume (PO:0009039) surface.
A glume pubescence (TO:0020036) which is the measurement of length of hairs on glume (PO:0009039).
A glume morphology trait (TO:0000869) which is the presence of wax on a glume (PO:0009039).
Refer to waxiness (PATO:0002381): A composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the presence of long chain aliphatic lipids on the surface of an organism.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Rhynchosporium secalis.
Symptoms include, oval, water-soaked, blue-grey spots (1.0-1.5 cm long) developing into lesions with dry necrotic centers and dark brown margins. Lesions will coalesce under high infection levels and are not delimited by veins.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Cochliobolus sativus (Bipolaris sorokiniana).
Symptoms include, uniform chocolate brown lesions that eventually merge forming irregular necrotic patches on leaves. Lesions may be surrounded by yellow zones of varying width.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) in leaves (PO:0009025) caused by Cochliobolus sativus (Bipolaris sorokiniana).
Symptoms include, elongated to oval shaped dark brown lesions. Centers often lighten to dark brown or tan surrounded by an irregular dark brown ring.
A Basidiomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001146) caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei infection.
Symptoms: chlorotic flecks at the infection site initially appear, followed by yellow uredinia (spore masses) in prominent stripes along the leaf veins. Black telia (overseasoning structures) readily develop from uredinia as infected plants mature.
A Basidiomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001146) caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici.
Symptoms: pustules (spore masses) containing yellow to orange-yellow urediniospores form narrow stripes on leaves, leaf sheaths and glumes.
A Basidiomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001146) caused by Puccinia hordei infection.
Symptoms: small round orange brown pustules producing a mass of orange-brown urediniospores on the upper leaf surfaces and leaf sheaths.
A Basidiomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001146) caused by Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici (Puccinia triticina).
Symptoms: circular to slightly elliptical pustules containing masses of orange to orange-brown urediniospores on the leaf surfaces and leaf sheaths.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Cochliobolus sativus (Bipolaris sorokiniana), Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium pseudograminearum.
Symptoms: brown lesions on the roots, especially the subcrown internode. Under severe conditions, lesions can become nearly black with brown tissue extending into the crown and leaf sheaths. Stunted plants with reduced tillering and yield. Heads can be white with fewer kernels that are small and shriveled.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) in roots (PO:0009005) caused by Cochliobolus sativus (Bipolaris sorokiniana).
Symptoms: browning of the root, crown and basal culm tissues. Plants may lodge. White spikes can appear.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei.
Symptoms: first visible signs are fuzzy white to pale grey tufts of mycelia and conidia on the upper surfaces of leaves and leaf sheaths (especially on lower leaves) and sometimes on the spikes. Older fungal tissue is yellowish grey and can be easily rubbed off. Plant tissue becomes chlorotic or necrotic. Spherical black cleistothecia may develop.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici.
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Pyrenophora teres f. teres.
Symptoms: in adult plants, initial symptoms are small pinpoint to elliptical brown spots which expand to form narrow, tan to light brown lesions, often delimited by leaf veins. Within lesions, dark brown longitudinal and transverse striations appear forming a net-like pattern. In seedlings, greenish grey, water-soaked areas appear forming brown lesions with netted striations.
barley net form net blotch disease response
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Pyrenophora teres f. maculata.
Symptoms: dark brown, circular to elliptical lesions surrounded by bands of chlorosis.
barley spot form net blotch disease response
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Septoria passerinii (Zymoseptoria passerinii) and Stagonospora avenae f. sp. triticeae (Parastagonospora avenae f. sp. tritici).
Symptoms: in seedlings, S. passerinii causes faint, yellowish areas that turn greenish gray then straw colored with time forming a distinct demarcation next to healthy green tissue. On adult plants S. passerinii infection produces long, rectangular lesions delimited by veins that first appear graying then turn tan or straw colored. S. avenae f. sp. triticea produces yellow brown lesions that traverse veins and are shield or lens shaped. (Stagonospora avenae f. sp. triticeae - teleomorph: Phaeosphaeria avenaria f. sp. triticeae).
An Ascomycete fungal disease response trait (TO:0001145) caused by Septoria tritici (Mycosphaerella graminicola), Septoria nodorum (Leptosphaeria nodorum) and/or Septoria avenae f. sp. triticeae (Leptosphaeria avenaria f. sp. triticeae).
Symptoms: Initial infection sites tend to be irregular in shape, oval to elongated chlorotic spots or lesions. As these sites expand, the centers of the lesions become pale, straw colored, and slightly necrotic, often with numerous small black dots (pycnidia). The lesions of septoria tritici blotch tend to be linear and restricted laterally, while those of septoria nodorum blotch and septoria avenae blotch are more lens shaped. All above ground plant parts can be affected.
wheat septoria leaf blotch disease response
Causal agent: Xanthomonas translucens pv. translucens and pv. undulosa.
Symptoms: small, light to pale green spots which later expand into linear streaks. Streaks can extend the entire length of the leaf, that will become translucent. Infected leaves will turn yellow then brown as it dies.
Causal agent: The Barley Yellow Dwarf Viruses, Luteovirus (Group IV (+)ssRNA).
Symptoms: uneven blotches of bright yellow discoloration on the tips and margins of older leaves, eventually progressing down toward the base, covering the entire leaf within a few weeks. Reduced internode elongation causes stunting with severe infection possibly.
barley yellow dwarf virus disease resistance
Amount of beta-glucan present in a plant structure (PO:0009011) or product (e.g. malt).
Beta-Glucans are polysaccharides of D-glucose linked by beta-glycosidic bonds that vary by molecular mass, solubility, viscosity and 3D configuration.
An inflorescence exsertion (TO:0001002) trait measured in distance from the base of the spike (PO:0030117) to the auricle (PO:0020106) of the flag leaf (PO:0020103).
Activity of beta-glucanase ((1,3-1,4)-beta-D-glucan, 4-glucanohydrolase), (EC:3.2.1.73) in the hydrolysis of beta-glucans.
The ability of beta-glucanase to remain active under mashing (boiling grain in water) conditions during beer making.
Beta-glucanase [(1-3,1-4)-beta-D-glucan, 4-glucanohydrolase], (E.C:3.2.1.73).
Activity of beta-glucanase in the barley wort (the boiled grain and water) during the beer making process.
Concentration of protein in the wort after boiling the grain with water (mashing) in the beer making process.
Color of the solution derived from boiling barley grain with water during the beer making process.
Percent protein in the malt prior to mashing (boiling the grain with water to produce a wort) in the beer making process.
A metabolite content trait (TO:0000281) which is the amount of phenolics present in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A shoot system yield trait (TO:0000327) which is a measure of the number of fertile spikes (PO:0030117) dropped before harvest.
A xanthophyll content (TO:0000301) which is the amount of zeaxanthin (CHEBI:27547) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A xanthophyll content (TO:0000301) which is the amount of beta-cryptoxanthin (CHEBI:10362) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A plant quality trait (TO:0000597) which is the amount of organic matter in the stover that can be digested by animals.
in vitro organic matter digestibility (exact)
Measured as a percentage. The value is derived from in vitro chemical analysis with rumen microbial inoculum of dried and ground stover, usually using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometry (NIRS) after appropriate calibration.
The trait takes into account energy losses occurring in the animal in faeces, urine and CH4 and estimates how much energy (in calories or joules) a given unit of ground stover is actually available for meat and milk production . Value derived from chemical and in vitro analysis of dried and ground stover.
A trait to measure percent nitrogen concentration in the stover sample used for predicting crude protein (CP) content of stover by multiplication with a factor of 6.25 (CP = N x 6.25). This concentration is one of the criteria to assess the quality of fodder. Value derived from the analysis of stover using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometry (NIRS).
A stem morphology trait (TO:0000361) which is the diameter of a stem (PO:0009047).
A shoot development trait (TO:0000654) to measure the senescence of a stem (PO:0009047).
Refer to organ senescence (GO:0010260): The process that occurs in an organ near the end of its active life that is associated with the dismantling of cell components and membranes, and an overall decline in metabolism. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.
A trait measuring the extent of physical cracking of a root caused by genetic, environmental factors or by post-harvest storage and handling of the root or root part.
OBSOLETE A metabolite content trait (TO:0000281) which is the concentration of water soluble components in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
total dissolved solids content (related)
This trait is usually highly correlated with total soluble sugar content (TO:0000340). Often determined in fresh tissue using a refractive index.
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the iron cation (CHEBI:24875) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the amount of zinc (CHEBI:63056) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the amount of manganese (CHEBI:25154) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the copper cation (CHEBI:23378) composition in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the amount of nitrogen (CHEBI:51143) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the amount of nitrate (CHEBI:17632) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Trait associated with any of the stomatal opening, closure, conductance, resistance process.
A biological process trait (TO:0000283) which is associated with directed movement of minerals and ions.
A trait to measure the physiological parameters involved in the process of opening of stomatal pores.
The sensitivity to the nitrate content in the growth medium.
A mineral and ion transport trait (TO:0020096) which involves the directed movement of nitrate.
A mineral and ion transport trait (TO:0020096) which involves nitrate ion uptake in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A biological process trait (TO:0000283) associated with the process of breaking down stored starch into usable sugars.
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the amount of phosphate (CHEBI:26020) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A root length (TO:0000227) trait which is the length of an adventitious root (shoot-borne root; PO:0000042).
An adventitious root can be a 'shoot-borne root' (PO:0000042) or one of the child terms- all have adventitious root as a broad synonym. Shoot-borne roots are part of the root system (PO:0025025).
Absence of adventitious roots in the plant.
OBSOLETE A trait to measure the CW type of cytoplasmic male sterility in plants.
Often measured by abnormal pollen germination.
An auxin content (TO:0002672) which is the amount of indole-3-acetic acid (CHEBI:16411) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content (exact)
A plant cell morphology trait (TO:0002683) which is the length of a plant cell (PO:0009002).
Traits associated with observing effects on the development of vascular bundle.
Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the gynoecium.
Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the ovary.
OBSOLETE Accumulation of phosphate level a plant structure (PO:0009011) at toxic level.
A phosphorus content trait (TO:0001024) which is the phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
OBSOLETE The process to maintain the balance between dissipation and utilization of light energy to minimize generation of oxidizing molecules.
OBSOLETE chlorophyll fluorescence quenching
A chlorophyll fluorescence trait (TO:0012006) which is a process where absorbed light energy is used for photochemistry within photosystem II (PSII) instead of being dissipated as heat.
OBSOLETE The process to maintain the balance between dissipation and utilization of light energy to minimize generation of oxidizing molecules under no light conditions.
A xanthophyll content (TO:0000301) which is the amount of neoxanthin (CHEBI:25501) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
A xanthophyll content (TO:0000301) which is the amount of violaxanthin (CHEBI:27295) in a plant structure (PO:0009011).
An inflorescence bract morphology trait (TO:0000819) which is the presence of spines on an involucral bract (PO:0009045).
An animal damage response trait (TO:0000054) which is the response to damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011) caused by an arachnid (NCBITaxon:6854).
Arachnids include mites, spiders, ticks, scorpions etc.
An arachnid damage response trait (TO:0020121) which is the response to damage to a plant structure (PO:0009011) caused by a two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch; NCBITaxon:32264).
twospotted spider mite damage response (exact)
two-spotted spider mite damage response trait
A trait to measure the ethanol yield from the industrial processing of feedstock (biomass).
Often measured as volume/mass unit used by DOE-USA. It's also consistent with the common measure of fuel ethanol (volume, not mass) and common measure of biomass. Please note that ethanol yield in liters per megagram would depend on both the ethanol conversion process and the composition (not just the quantity) of the biomass. And in most cases (at least for breeding), it probably would be predicted ethanol yield instead of ethanol yield that is directly measured from a pretreatment and fermentation process.
A stem internode morphology trait (TO:0000756) where the stem internode (PO:0020142) is bent.
Refers to bent (PATO:0000617): a shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having one or more angle(s) in its length.
OBSOLETE. A trait which is associated with the size of a cotyledon.
This term was obsoleted at the TermGenie Gatekeeper stage.
A trait which is associated with the volumetric density of a secondary xylem.
A trait which is associated with the color of a shoot axis node.
A reproductive shoot system morphology trait (TO:0000786) which is the position of an infructescence (PO:0006342).
A tuberous root tuber morphology trait (TO:1000007) which is the diameter of a tuberous root tuber (PO:0025476).
A tuber morphology trait (TO:0000741) which is the quality of a tuberous root tuber (PO:0025476).
A branch morphology trait (TO:0000740) which is the position of a branch (PO:0025073).
A branch morphology trait (TO:0000740) which is the angle of a branch (PO:0025073).
A cardinal part of a multi-tissue plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000837) which is the color of a caruncle (PO:0020060).
A fruit morphology trait (TO:0002629) which is the position of a fruit (PO:0009001).
silicula relational spatial quality (narrow)
A whole plant morphology trait (TO:0000398) which is the size of a whole plant (PO:0000003).
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is a quality of a leaf lamina lobe (PO:0025517).
A leaf lamina lobe morphology trait (TO:1000013) which is the length of a leaf lamina lobe (PO:0025517).
A leaf lamina lobe morphology trait (TO:1000013) which is the width of a leaf lamina lobe (PO:0025517).
A plant ovary morphology (TO:10000021) which is the color of a plant ovary (PO:0009072).
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait (TO:0000843) which is the color of a stem cortex (PO:0025612).
A portion of plant tissue morphology trait (TO:0000843) which is the color of a stem epidermis (PO:0025178).
A flower color trait (TO:0000537) which is the color of a disk flower (PO:0025332).
A cardinal organ part morphology trait (TO:0000754) which is the length of a stipule (PO:0020041).
A plant structure morphology trait (TO:0000839) which is a quality of a plant ovary (PO:0009072).
A collective plant organ structure trait (TO:0000842) which is the quality of an anther (PO:0009066).
A flower bract morphology trait (TO:0000079) which is the quality of a lemma (PO:0009037).
A flower bract morphology trait (TO:0000079) which is the quality of a palea (PO:0009038).
An aluminium content trait (TO:0000995) which is the aluminium cation (CHEBI:63062) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
An arsenic content trait (TO:0006054) which is the arsenic cation (CHEBI:35829) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A boron content trait (TO:0006043) which is the boron cation (CHEBI:30168) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A barium content trait (TO:0001043) which is the barium cation (CHEBI:39125) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A calcium content trait (TO:0006047) which is the calcium cation (CHEBI:39123) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A cadmium content trait (TO:0006059) which is the cadmium cation (CHEBI:63063) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A cobalt content trait (TO:0001044) which is the cobalt cation (CHEBI:23336) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A chromium content trait (TO:0001045) which is the chromium cation (CHEBI:33516) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A copper content trait (TO:0020092) which is the copper cation (CHEBI:23378) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
An iron content trait (TO:0020089) which is the iron cation (CHEBI:24875) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
An iodine content trait (TO:0001046) which is the iodine cation (CHEBI:33116) in a root system (PO:0025025).
A potassium content trait (TO:0000609) which is the potassium cation (CHEBI:29103) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A lithium content trait (TO:0006042) which is the lithium cation (CHEBI:49713) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A magnesium content trait (TO:0006044) which is the magnesium cation (CHEBI:18420) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A manganese content trait (TO:0020091) which is the manganese cation (CHEBI:29035) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A molybdenum content trait (TO:0006056) which is the molybdenum cation (CHEBI:37239) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A sodium content trait (TO:0000608) which is the sodium cation (CHEBI:29101) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A nickel content trait (TO:0006051) which is the nickel cation (CHEBI:25516) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A phosphorus content trait (TO:0001024) which is the phosphorus cation (CHEBI:33467) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A lead content trait (TO:0001047) which is the lead cation (CHEBI:30180) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A rubidium content trait (TO:0001049) which is the rubidium cation (CHEBI:49847) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A sulfur content trait (TO:0006046) which is the sulfur cation (CHEBI:29832) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A selenium content trait (TO:0006055) which is the selenium ion (CHEBI:60250) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A silicon content trait (TO:0001048) which is the silicon cation (CHEBI:30584) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A mineral and ion content trait (TO:0000465) which is the strontium ion (CHEBI:39130) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
A zinc content trait (TO:0020090) which is the zinc (CHEBI:63056) composition in a root system (PO:0025025).
An aluminium content trait (TO:0000995) which is the aluminium cation (CHEBI:63062) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
An arsenic content trait (TO:0006054) which is the arsenic cation (CHEBI:35829) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A boron content trait (TO:0006043) which is the boron cation (CHEBI:30168) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A barium content trait (TO:0001043) which is the barium cation (CHEBI:39125) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A calcium content trait (TO:0006047) which is the calcium cation (CHEBI:39123) composition in a shoot system (PO:0025025).
A cadmium content trait (TO:0006059) which is the cadmium cation (CHEBI:63063) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A cobalt content trait (TO:0001044) which is the cobalt cation (CHEBI:23336) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A chromium content trait (TO:0001045) which is the chromium cation (CHEBI:33516) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A copper content trait (TO:0020092) which is the copper cation (CHEBI:23378) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
An iron content trait (TO:0020089) which is the iron cation (CHEBI:24875) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
An iodine content trait (TO:0001046) which is the iodine cation (CHEBI:33116) in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A lithium content trait (TO:0006042) which is the lithium cation (CHEBI:49713) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A magnesium content trait (TO:0006044) which is the magnesium cation (CHEBI:18420) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A manganese content trait (TO:0020091) which is the manganese cation (CHEBI:29035) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A molybdenum content trait (TO:0006056) which is the (CHEBI:37239) in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A nickel content trait (TO:0006051) which is the nickel cation (CHEBI:25516) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A lead content trait (TO:0001047) which is the lead cation (CHEBI:30180) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A rubidium content trait (TO:0001049) which is the rubidium cation (CHEBI:49847) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A sulfur content trait (TO:0006046) which is the sulfur cation (CHEBI:29832) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A selenium content trait (TO:0006055) which is the selenium ion (CHEBI:60250) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A silicon content trait (TO:0001048) which is the silicon cation (CHEBI:30584) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A strontium content trait (TO:0001050) which is the strontium ion (CHEBI:39130) composition in a shoot system (PO:0009006).
A zinc content trait (TO:0020090) which is the zinc (CHEBI:63056) composition in the shoot system (PO:0009006).
An essential fatty acid (TO:0000604) content which is the amount of a polyunsaturated, 18 carbon long fatty acid, with three double bonds.
There are two forms of linolenic acid, alpha and gamma, depending upon where the double bonds occur.
A fatty acid content (TO:0000604) which is the amount of a straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid in a plant structure.