{
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "description": "Qualifying investment thresholds for Turkish citizenship under Law No. 5901 Art. 12(1)(b) and Art. 20 of the implementing Regulation.",
  "asOf": "2026-11-11",
  "currency": "USD",
  "current": [
    {
      "route": "real_estate",
      "label": "Real estate",
      "minimum": 400000,
      "basis": "Official SPK-licensed appraisal value, not the contract price",
      "holdingPeriodYears": 3,
      "annotation": "Three-year no-sale annotation recorded on the title deed (tapu)",
      "effectiveFrom": "2022-06-13"
    },
    {
      "route": "bank_deposit",
      "label": "Bank deposit",
      "minimum": 500000,
      "basis": "Turkish lira deposit in a bank operating in Turkiye, after the foreign currency is sold to the bank and by the bank to the Central Bank (Regulation Art. 20(10), since 6 January 2022)",
      "holdingPeriodYears": 3,
      "effectiveFrom": "2018-09-19"
    },
    {
      "route": "government_bonds",
      "label": "Government bonds",
      "minimum": 500000,
      "basis": "Certified by the Ministry of Treasury and Finance",
      "holdingPeriodYears": 3,
      "effectiveFrom": "2018-09-19",
      "conversionNote": "Whether the Art. 20(10) lira-conversion requirement applies to this sub-paragraph is not yet confirmed by counsel."
    },
    {
      "route": "investment_fund",
      "label": "Investment fund shares",
      "minimum": 500000,
      "basis": "Real-estate or venture capital fund shares (GYF/GSYF)",
      "holdingPeriodYears": 3,
      "effectiveFrom": "2018-09-19",
      "conversionNote": "Whether the Art. 20(10) lira-conversion requirement applies to this sub-paragraph is not yet confirmed by counsel."
    },
    {
      "route": "fixed_capital",
      "label": "Fixed capital investment",
      "minimum": 500000,
      "basis": "Certified by the Ministry of Industry and Technology",
      "holdingPeriodYears": null,
      "effectiveFrom": "2018-09-19",
      "conversionNote": "Whether the Art. 20(10) lira-conversion requirement applies to this sub-paragraph is not yet confirmed by counsel."
    },
    {
      "route": "job_creation",
      "label": "Job creation",
      "minimum": null,
      "employees": 50,
      "basis": "Certified by the Ministry of Labour and Social Security",
      "holdingPeriodYears": null,
      "effectiveFrom": "2018-09-19"
    }
  ],
  "history": [
    {
      "effectiveFrom": "2017-01-12",
      "route": "bank_deposit",
      "minimum": 3000000,
      "note": "Programme introduced"
    },
    {
      "effectiveFrom": "2017-01-12",
      "route": "fixed_capital",
      "minimum": 2000000,
      "note": "Programme introduced"
    },
    {
      "effectiveFrom": "2017-01-12",
      "route": "government_bonds",
      "minimum": 3000000,
      "note": "Programme introduced"
    },
    {
      "effectiveFrom": "2017-01-12",
      "route": "job_creation",
      "employees": 100,
      "note": "Programme introduced"
    },
    {
      "effectiveFrom": "2017-01-12",
      "route": "real_estate",
      "minimum": 1000000,
      "note": "Programme introduced"
    },
    {
      "effectiveFrom": "2018-09-19",
      "route": "bank_deposit",
      "minimum": 500000,
      "note": "Thresholds cut sharply"
    },
    {
      "effectiveFrom": "2018-09-19",
      "route": "fixed_capital",
      "minimum": 500000,
      "note": "Thresholds cut sharply"
    },
    {
      "effectiveFrom": "2018-09-19",
      "route": "government_bonds",
      "minimum": 500000,
      "note": "Thresholds cut sharply"
    },
    {
      "effectiveFrom": "2018-09-19",
      "route": "investment_fund",
      "minimum": 500000,
      "note": "Thresholds cut sharply"
    },
    {
      "effectiveFrom": "2018-09-19",
      "route": "job_creation",
      "employees": 50,
      "note": "Thresholds cut sharply"
    },
    {
      "effectiveFrom": "2018-09-19",
      "route": "real_estate",
      "minimum": 250000,
      "note": "Thresholds cut sharply"
    },
    {
      "effectiveFrom": "2022-06-13",
      "route": "real_estate",
      "minimum": 400000,
      "note": "Real-estate threshold raised from 250,000"
    }
  ],
  "familyInclusion": {
    "spouse": true,
    "childrenUnder18": true,
    "childrenOver18": false,
    "parents": false,
    "note": "Age is assessed at the application date, not at the decision date."
  },
  "requirements": {
    "residenceRequirement": false,
    "languageTest": false,
    "interview": false,
    "currencyConversionCertificate": "Mandatory (doviz alim belgesi); funds must move through the Turkish banking system",
    "dualCitizenshipPermittedByTurkiye": true
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "Turkish Citizenship Law No. 5901",
      "article": "12(1)(b)"
    },
    {
      "name": "Regulation on the Implementation of the Turkish Citizenship Law",
      "article": "20"
    }
  ]
}