{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "# Getting started with plotting in python" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "First, we need some biolerplate code, to load the plotting library and to set up your Jupyter notebook for interactive plotting:" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 1, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "%matplotlib inline\n", "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "We also need a second library, called [pandas](https://pandas.pydata.org), which helps with working with data. " ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 2, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "import pandas as pd" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Finding documentation for python functions is easy:" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 3, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "?pd.read_csv" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "Now we read in the population frequency data:" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 11, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "dat = pd.read_csv(\"population_frequencies.txt\", delim_whitespace=True, names=[\"nr\", \"pop\"])" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "and verify that it worked:" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 56, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/html": [ "
| \n", " | nr | \n", "pop | \n", "
|---|---|---|
| 0 | \n", "9 | \n", "Abkhasian | \n", "
| 1 | \n", "16 | \n", "Adygei | \n", "
| 2 | \n", "6 | \n", "Albanian | \n", "
| 3 | \n", "7 | \n", "Aleut | \n", "
| 4 | \n", "4 | \n", "Aleut_Tlingit | \n", "
| 5 | \n", "7 | \n", "Altaian | \n", "
| 6 | \n", "10 | \n", "Ami | \n", "
| 7 | \n", "10 | \n", "Armenian | \n", "
| 8 | \n", "9 | \n", "Atayal | \n", "
| 9 | \n", "10 | \n", "Balkar | \n", "
| 10 | \n", "29 | \n", "Basque | \n", "
| 11 | \n", "25 | \n", "BedouinA | \n", "
| 12 | \n", "19 | \n", "BedouinB | \n", "
| 13 | \n", "10 | \n", "Belarusian | \n", "
| 14 | \n", "6 | \n", "BolshoyOleniOstrov | \n", "
| 15 | \n", "9 | \n", "Borneo | \n", "
| 16 | \n", "10 | \n", "Bulgarian | \n", "
| 17 | \n", "8 | \n", "Cambodian | \n", "
| 18 | \n", "2 | \n", "Canary_Islander | \n", "
| 19 | \n", "2 | \n", "ChalmnyVarre | \n", "
| 20 | \n", "9 | \n", "Chechen | \n", "
| 21 | \n", "20 | \n", "Chukchi | \n", "
| 22 | \n", "3 | \n", "Chukchi1 | \n", "
| 23 | \n", "10 | \n", "Chuvash | \n", "
| 24 | \n", "10 | \n", "Croatian | \n", "
| 25 | \n", "8 | \n", "Cypriot | \n", "
| 26 | \n", "10 | \n", "Czech | \n", "
| 27 | \n", "10 | \n", "Dai | \n", "
| 28 | \n", "9 | \n", "Daur | \n", "
| 29 | \n", "4 | \n", "Dolgan | \n", "
| ... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "
| 86 | \n", "27 | \n", "Sardinian | \n", "
| 87 | \n", "8 | \n", "Saudi | \n", "
| 88 | \n", "4 | \n", "Scottish | \n", "
| 89 | \n", "10 | \n", "Selkup | \n", "
| 90 | \n", "10 | \n", "Semende | \n", "
| 91 | \n", "10 | \n", "She | \n", "
| 92 | \n", "2 | \n", "Sherpa.DG | \n", "
| 93 | \n", "11 | \n", "Sicilian | \n", "
| 94 | \n", "53 | \n", "Spanish | \n", "
| 95 | \n", "5 | \n", "Spanish_North | \n", "
| 96 | \n", "8 | \n", "Syrian | \n", "
| 97 | \n", "8 | \n", "Tajik | \n", "
| 98 | \n", "10 | \n", "Thai | \n", "
| 99 | \n", "2 | \n", "Tibetan.DG | \n", "
| 100 | \n", "10 | \n", "Tu | \n", "
| 101 | \n", "22 | \n", "Tubalar | \n", "
| 102 | \n", "10 | \n", "Tujia | \n", "
| 103 | \n", "50 | \n", "Turkish | \n", "
| 104 | \n", "7 | \n", "Turkmen | \n", "
| 105 | \n", "10 | \n", "Tuvinian | \n", "
| 106 | \n", "9 | \n", "Ukrainian | \n", "
| 107 | \n", "25 | \n", "Ulchi | \n", "
| 108 | \n", "10 | \n", "Uygur | \n", "
| 109 | \n", "10 | \n", "Uzbek | \n", "
| 110 | \n", "3 | \n", "WHG | \n", "
| 111 | \n", "7 | \n", "Xibo | \n", "
| 112 | \n", "20 | \n", "Yakut | \n", "
| 113 | \n", "9 | \n", "Yamnaya_Samara | \n", "
| 114 | \n", "10 | \n", "Yi | \n", "
| 115 | \n", "19 | \n", "Yukagir | \n", "
116 rows × 2 columns
\n", "| \n", " | nr | \n", "pop | \n", "
|---|---|---|
| 44 | \n", "1 | \n", "Italian_South | \n", "
| 56 | \n", "1 | \n", "JK2065 | \n", "
| 85 | \n", "1 | \n", "Saami_WGA | \n", "
| 67 | \n", "2 | \n", "Levanluhta | \n", "
| 84 | \n", "2 | \n", "Saami.DG | \n", "
| 19 | \n", "2 | \n", "ChalmnyVarre | \n", "
| 18 | \n", "2 | \n", "Canary_Islander | \n", "
| 92 | \n", "2 | \n", "Sherpa.DG | \n", "
| 99 | \n", "2 | \n", "Tibetan.DG | \n", "
| 22 | \n", "3 | \n", "Chukchi1 | \n", "
| 110 | \n", "3 | \n", "WHG | \n", "
| 88 | \n", "4 | \n", "Scottish | \n", "
| 29 | \n", "4 | \n", "Dolgan | \n", "
| 4 | \n", "4 | \n", "Aleut_Tlingit | \n", "
| 95 | \n", "5 | \n", "Spanish_North | \n", "
| 50 | \n", "6 | \n", "Jew_Iraqi | \n", "
| 60 | \n", "6 | \n", "Korean | \n", "
| 45 | \n", "6 | \n", "Itelmen | \n", "
| 14 | \n", "6 | \n", "BolshoyOleniOstrov | \n", "
| 2 | \n", "6 | \n", "Albanian | \n", "
| 73 | \n", "6 | \n", "Mongola | \n", "
| 52 | \n", "6 | \n", "Jew_Moroccan | \n", "
| 47 | \n", "7 | \n", "Jew_Ashkenazi | \n", "
| 104 | \n", "7 | \n", "Turkmen | \n", "
| 48 | \n", "7 | \n", "Jew_Georgian | \n", "
| 53 | \n", "7 | \n", "Jew_Tunisian | \n", "
| 3 | \n", "7 | \n", "Aleut | \n", "
| 5 | \n", "7 | \n", "Altaian | \n", "
| 111 | \n", "7 | \n", "Xibo | \n", "
| 42 | \n", "8 | \n", "Iranian | \n", "
| ... | \n", "... | \n", "... | \n", "
| 31 | \n", "10 | \n", "English | \n", "
| 105 | \n", "10 | \n", "Tuvinian | \n", "
| 13 | \n", "10 | \n", "Belarusian | \n", "
| 78 | \n", "11 | \n", "Norwegian | \n", "
| 76 | \n", "11 | \n", "Nganasan | \n", "
| 93 | \n", "11 | \n", "Sicilian | \n", "
| 41 | \n", "12 | \n", "Icelandic | \n", "
| 79 | \n", "13 | \n", "Orcadian | \n", "
| 65 | \n", "14 | \n", "LBK_EN | \n", "
| 1 | \n", "16 | \n", "Adygei | \n", "
| 115 | \n", "19 | \n", "Yukagir | \n", "
| 12 | \n", "19 | \n", "BedouinB | \n", "
| 21 | \n", "20 | \n", "Chukchi | \n", "
| 112 | \n", "20 | \n", "Yakut | \n", "
| 43 | \n", "20 | \n", "Italian_North | \n", "
| 40 | \n", "20 | \n", "Hungarian | \n", "
| 37 | \n", "20 | \n", "Greek | \n", "
| 101 | \n", "22 | \n", "Tubalar | \n", "
| 83 | \n", "22 | \n", "Russian | \n", "
| 107 | \n", "25 | \n", "Ulchi | \n", "
| 11 | \n", "25 | \n", "BedouinA | \n", "
| 86 | \n", "27 | \n", "Sardinian | \n", "
| 10 | \n", "29 | \n", "Basque | \n", "
| 46 | \n", "29 | \n", "Japanese | \n", "
| 35 | \n", "32 | \n", "French | \n", "
| 82 | \n", "38 | \n", "Palestinian | \n", "
| 30 | \n", "39 | \n", "Druze | \n", "
| 38 | \n", "43 | \n", "Han | \n", "
| 103 | \n", "50 | \n", "Turkish | \n", "
| 94 | \n", "53 | \n", "Spanish | \n", "
116 rows × 2 columns
\n", "