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This course is designed for students who need additional preparation before taking calculus. The course emphasizes functions, including polynomial, exponential, logarithmic, and trigonometric. Enrollment requires permission of the Director of Mathematics Placement. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course covers the material in Mathematics 126 in greater depth and includes supplementary material. Prerequisite: 4 or 5 on AP Calculus AB exam or permission of Mathematics Placement Director. Credit may be earned for either Mathematics 126 or 128, but not both. Offered each semester.


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Modern mathematics is characterized by the interaction of theoretical and computational techniques. In this course, students study topics from pure and applied mathematics with the aid of computation. Symbolic, graphical, and numerical computational techniques are introduced. Students develop computational skills sufficient to investigate mathematical questions independently. No previous programming experience is required. Prerequisite: Mathematics 220. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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The main topics are measure theory on the real line and the Lebesgue integral, up to and including the convergence theorems. Applications to probability and harmonic analysis may be included. Prerequisite: Mathematics 244, or permission of instructor. Offered in 2009-10 and alternate years.


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Students work intensively on a special topic in applied mathematics. Topics vary from year to year. May be repeated if topics are different. Offered periodically.


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This course introduces students to the principles and importance of entrepreneurship, covering both the theory and practical aspects of the subject. Students acquire a greater understanding of the entrepreneurial process - a process of opportunity recognition, resource marshaling, and team building driven by communication, creativity, and leadership. Discussions focus on the relationship of liberal arts disciplines to the entrepreneur, the role of entrepreneur in society and history, the risks and rewards of entrepreneurship, and the elements of the entrepreneurial behavior. Study concentrates on the entrepreneurial process from idea creation to ultimate business or other organizational activity. A leadership theme permeates these discussions. A variety of instructional techniques are used including group projects, guest presenters, and practicing entrepreneurs attending the class. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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First-semester music majors explore the elements of music through singing, identifying, and notating progressive dictation examples in melody (intervals, scales, tonal melodies); rhythm (pulse, meter, subdivision); and harmony (basic tonal chord progressions). Co-requisites: Music 113, 161 (or completion of Piano Proficiency Level 1). Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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First-semester music majors explore the fundamentals of music: pitch, rhythm, notation, intervals, triads and inversions, seventh chords, scales, harmonic progression, and basic voice leading principles. Co-requisites: Music 111, 161 (or completion of Piano Proficiency Level 1). Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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For music majors with little or no prior keyboard experience, this course introduces basic keyboard patterns and technical foundations, applied music theory, harmonization and transposition, and playing by ear. Development of sight playing skill is a central focus. Class sessions include reading, ensemble playing, performance, skill development and drill, and structured improvisation. Co-requisites: Music 111/113. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course introduces basic techniques for performance on the violin, viola, cello, and string bass. Additional topics include: pedagogical techniques, tools, and literature; teaching repertoire; and instrument care. Prerequisite: permission of instructor required for students not majoring in Theory/Composition or Music Education. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course introduces basic techniques for performance on selected instruments in the woodwind family. Additional topics include: pedagogical techniques, tools, and literature; teaching repertoire; and instrument history and care. Prerequisite: permission of instructor required for students not majoring in Theory/Composition or Music Education. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Building on skills gained through Music 111 and 112, third-semester music majors develop more advanced competencies: sight-singing more chromatic melodies and melodies that modulate; identifying and notating progressively complex melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic idioms. Prerequisites: Music 112/114. Co-requisite: Music 213. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Continuing the theory sequence from 114, third-semester music majors explore Baroque counterpoint, Classical and Romantic styles and forms, advanced modulation techniques, and chromatic harmony. This course also introduces musical acoustics and music technology. Prerequisites: Music 112/114. Co-requisite: Music 211. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Through this introduction to the practical fundamentals of orchestration, students learn about instrument ranges, nomenclature, proper notation, characteristics of orchestral and band instruments, transposition, and scoring for various instrumental combinations including full orchestra, concert band, and marching band. Prerequisite: Music 114 and junior standing. Recommended: Music 166, 167, 168, 169, or equivalent experience. Offered Fall Semester 2009-10 and alternate years.


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To deepen awareness and understanding of performance music, and to gain tools to produce textural interest in composition, students study the contrapuntal techniques of composers from the Renaissance, Baroque, and Modern periods including Palestrina, Bach, and Barber. Prerequisite: Music 212/214. Offered Fall Semester 2009-10 and alternate years.


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Students learn to create improvised solos based on standard jazz practice from different historical eras. To internalize the styles of jazz masters from different time periods, participants transcribe recorded jazz solos by ear and perform them in class. Students gain appreciation of and experience with different harmonic and scalar conceptions through performing and analyzing selected jazz solos. Open to instrumentalists and vocalists. Offered Fall Semester 2009-10.


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An introduction to the diversity of musics on Earth. Topics include performance practice, methods for analysis and comparison of various musics, and interdisciplinary approaches to studying the powerful influence of music in human life. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Students encounter the history and development of Western European music from the Middle Ages to ca. 1750 and study the genres and styles of music from monophonic chant to concerted music of the Baroque. Prerequisite: Music 114. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Students learn conducting techniques for choral literature including research-based rehearsal techniques, vocal preparation, score study, and video self-evaluation of gesture and rehearsal. Course work also includes observation of conductors on campus and in the community. Prerequisite: Music 251. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This advanced piano class for music majors only emphasizes sight playing, score reading, harmonization and transposition, advanced harmonic idioms, improvisation, ensemble playing, and performance preparation. A grade of B- or higher satisfies Piano Proficiency Level 3 requirements. Prerequisite: Music 162, completion of Piano Proficiency Level 2, or audition placement. Recommended co-requisites: Music 211/213. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This studio course focuses on advanced techniques of acting and singing for the musical stage with emphasis on opera. Students explore voice, movement, improvisation, and characterization at an advanced level. Participants receive coaching in musical and dramatic style through solo and small ensemble literature and prepare scenes for class performance. The course culminates with public performances of a fully staged and costumed lyric theater work. May be repeated once. Prerequisites: Two semesters of voice study and Theatre 131 (Acting for the Lyric Stage). A production fee will be charged to all students participating in the production. Generally offered annually in Semester.


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Students survey the solo art song repertoire of Germany, Italy, and Spain. The course highlights the significant features and development of the art song, and provides context, approaches, and resources for studying this literature. Course work includes in-class performance. Prerequisite: Music 214, 241, 242, or permission of instructor. Preferred prerequisite: Music 263, 264. Offered Fall Semester 2009-10 and alternate years.


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Intensive study of musical literature between 1750 and 1900. The course begins with the development of the Viennese Classical School (Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven) and continues with European trends in Romantic opera, Lieder, symphony and chamber music (from Rossini through R. Strauss). Prerequisites: Music 241, 242. Offered Fall Semester 2009-10 and alternate years.


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Working with a live instrumental or choral ensemble, students learn and conduct complete movements and/or entire works and encounter a variety of advanced baton techniques. Course activities develop skills in reading, preparing, interpreting and memorizing scores, with further focus on rehearsal procedures, performance practice, and concert programming. Participants are required to observe a variety of rehearsals on and off campus. Prerequisites: Music 252 or 253. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course introduces a systematic pedagogical approach to the study of voice production for use in the studio or classroom. Students examine basic voice physiology, the healthy use and care of the voice, voice problems, and appropriate vocal literature. Prerequisite: three semesters of voice lessons, one of which may be voice class; or permission of instructor. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course introduces the principles of vocal pedagogy applied to the child and adolescent voice with an emphasis on understanding the developing voice and establishing good vocal habits with appropriate techniques and literature. Prerequisite: Music 251, completion of one semester of voice or voice class and junior standing, or permission of instructor. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Students examine scores and listen to a broad range of string etudes, solos, sonatas, concertos, and orchestral excerpts with attention to notable performers of the past and present. Through required readings, listening assignments, video viewing, discussion, and hands-on teaching, students engage with practical issues of teaching, repertoire selection for beginning and intermediate players, performance and basic studio management. Prerequisites: Music 214, 241, and 242 or permission of instructor. Offered Fall Semester 2009-10 and alternate years.


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Neuroscience is one of the fastest growing fields, with activity ranging from the fundamentals of behavior to molecular aspects of neuronal function. This course provides a foundation and overview of the important and extensive ways in which biological and physiological processes are involved in the regulation and maintenance of behavior. Among the topics students explore are: fundamental electrophysiology, sensory and motor systems, integration, and learning and memory. Counts towards the Biology and Psychology majors. Prerequisites: Biology 125, or Chemistry 121 (or 125), or Chemistry/Biology 125, or Physics 130, or Psychology 125. Biology 125 is strongly recommended. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Proficiency in a second language opens the door to another culture and another way of viewing the world. This course starts students on the road to achieving such a proficiency. Students begin learning to speak, understand, read, and write Norwegian and learn about Norwegian culture through the language. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Students improve proficiency in listening, speaking, reading, and writing, with an emphasis on communication as well as improved grammatical accuracy. Reading and discussion of authentic literary and cultural texts allow students to expand their vocabulary and knowledge of the Norwegian way of life. Prerequisite: Norwegian 112 or equivalent. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Students gain insight into Norwegian identity and culture, expand vocabulary, and improve fluency and grammatical accuracy by reading a variety of texts and writing essays. Speaking assignments help students understand readings and become more effective speakers. Prerequisite: Norwegian 232 or equivalent. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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A study of Norwegian literature from the Saga period through Ibsen, this chronological overview examines literary developments in the context of historical, cultural, and linguistic change and relates Norwegian literature to international trends. Lectures, essays, and class discussion are in Norwegian. Prerequisite: Norwegian 253 or equivalent. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course focuses on critical issues in contemporary health care. Topics include principles of wellness, health promotion, interpersonal communication, cultural competency, and ethical, legal, political, and economic aspects of the health care system in the United States. Students have the opportunity to explore health care issues, such as interpersonal violence, genomics, bio-terrorism, and global health problems. Prerequisites: non-nursing majors: FYW; nursing majors: all Nursing prerequisites. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course explores the foundational and philosophical concepts of the discipline of nursing. Topics include the history and image of nursing, scope of practice and professional roles, research, and lifelong learning. Students develop the ability to assess an individual's state of health from a holistic perspective, using Neuman's Systems Model as a theoretical framework. Emphasis is on the use of critical thinking and evidence-based practice. Taken concurrently with Nursing 302, 306, 308. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Classroom and laboratory experiences in nursing and health assessment skills develop the student's ability to provide nursing care. Opportunities are provided to apply knowledge from the liberal arts and nursing theory to simulated patient care situations. Individual practice sessions in the nursing laboratory are expected. Performance testing determines readiness for the role of caregiver in a variety of clinical settings. Taken concurrently with Nursing 302, 304, 308. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course focuses on principles of pharmacology and care of the hospitalized adult. Topics include pain management, sleep and rest, and sensory perceptual alterations. Students apply the nursing process to the care of adults, with emphasis on the elderly. Using a holistic perspective, students collect and analyze information related to an individual's health status. Students begin to develop the professional role of caregiver and patient advocate. Taken concurrently with Nursing 302, 304, 306. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course explores the childbearing process in healthy and high-risk families. Clinical experiences are provided with families during pregnancy, labor and delivery, and following birth. Clinical settings include hospital birth centers, clinics, and home care agencies. Students develop the role of educator by working with parents to integrate and care for a new member of the family system. Prerequisite: Nursing 336. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course emphasizes the health of communities and populations. Topics include population-based health issues such as environmental health, epidemiology and communicable diseases. Students assess and screen individuals and families within communities, address identified needs and educate populations across the lifespan, collaborate with other health care professionals, make referrals, and participate in health promotion clinics. Clinical experiences occur in rural public health agencies and community-based programs. Prerequisite: Nursing 336. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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A philosophical inquiry into beauty and art. Students investigate the relationship between beauty, goodness, and truth, and examine different accounts of art, its value, meaning, and the standards by which it should be judged. Themes include the nature of creativity, censorship, and the significance - cultural, moral, and religious - of art. Offered annually.


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Valuing nature raises significant philosophical and ethical issues. This course considers the nature of animal life, the character and control of pollution, the conflict between preservationism and conservationism, corporate and governmental responsibility for the eco-crisis, the use of economic categories to assess wilderness areas and endangered species, the conflict between eco-holism and individualism, and the philosophy of wilderness management. Prerequisite: completion of BTS-T. Offered annually.


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An advanced introduction to moral philosophy emphasizing normative theories, the foundations of morality (metaethics), and moral reasoning. Normative theories (e.g. virtue ethics, deontological ethics, theological ethics, and utilitarianism) explore the nature of the good and the difference between right and wrong. Metaethics concerns the origins and objectivity of moral judgments, studying moral relativism, moral subjectivism, divine command theory, and ideal observer theories. Students explore moral reasoning in theory and practice using contemporary moral issues as examples. Prerequisites: One course in philosophy and completion of BTS-T, or permission of instructor. Offered most years.


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Students investigate contemporary approaches to classical issues in metaphysics, which include the mind-body problem; personal identity and immortality; space and time; causality; and realism, anti-realism, and truth. Specific issues discussed vary from year to year. May be repeated if topics are different. Prerequisites: two courses in philosophy, one of which must be either 235 or 236, or permission of the department chair. Offered 2009-10 and alternate years.


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A basic introduction to astronomy, this course concentrates on how we know what we know. Students explore questions such as "How do we measure the distance to a star?" and "How do we know the universe is expanding?" In addition to studying the solar system, stars, black holes, galaxies, and the history of the universe, students engage in rooftop viewing using the department's telescopes. Prerequisite: proficiency in algebra and geometry. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course considers a variety of topics in earth and environmental science. Beginning with the origin of the earth and planetary system, the course examines crustal evolution and plate tectonics, geologic resources and hazards, and the relationship of these surface phenomena to processes occurring in the earth's interior. It concludes with a study of the oceans, the atmosphere, the earth's climate system, and environmental change. Prerequisite: proficiency in algebra and geometry. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This two-semester in-depth course addresses topics in classical and modern physics using algebra, geometry, and some calculus. The course is well suited for students of biology or chemistry or for those desiring a thorough introduction beyond the high school level. Physics 124 takes up the Newtonian mechanics of point particles (motion, mass, force, torque, energy, momentum, and gravitation), Einstein's reexamination of space time (relativity), and nuclear physics. One laboratory per week. Prerequisite: Mathematics 120 or 121. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This three-semester calculus-based sequence leads the student through the basic principles that account for the processes involved in baseballs, car engines, electrical power distribution systems, stereos, and black holes. It is the starting point for a major in physics and is also appropriate for majors in fields such as chemistry or mathematics who desire more mathematical depth than would be used in the two-semester 124-125 sequence.
Physics 130 is a study of Newtonian mechanics --- motion, forces, energy, gravity, and rotation. There is one 2.5 -hour laboratory meeting per week. Prerequisite: concurrent registration in (or previous completion of) Mathematics 120 or 121. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Physics 131, the second course in the three-semester calculus-based sequence, treats electricity, magnetism, and electromagnetic waves. There is one 2.5 hour laboratory meeting per week. Prerequisites: Physics 130 and concurrent registration in (or previous completion of) Mathematics 126 or 128. Offered Spring Semester.


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This course is an analytical and computational study of Newtonian mechanics, including the harmonic oscillator, central force motion, non-linear oscillators, chaos, and an introduction to the Lagrangian formulation. Students use computers extensively. Prerequisites: Physics 127 and Mathematics 230. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Students analytically investigate Quantum Theory, in which a particle's behavior is described through a statistically-interpreted wave function rather than through the concepts of Newtonian mechanics. Topics include an examination of the conceptual framework, solution of the Schrodinger Equation for systems such as the harmonic oscillator and the hydrogen atom and approximation methods for treating more complex systems and the interaction of radiation with matter. Prerequisites: Physics 244 and 374, Mathematics 226, and concurrent registration in Physics 386. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Experiments are selected from the areas of physics covered by Physics 374, 375 and 376 respectively. Emphasis is on the development of good laboratory techniques and the ability to work independently. Each 0.25-course registration averages one afternoon of work each week. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course explores the ethics of ambition and leadership from a variety of normative perspectives. By studying historical examples and theoretical approaches from Plato to the present day, students learn to reflect on amibition as an irrepressible human passion and an unavoidable element of civic leadership. Students also consider the ways in which their own ambition might relate to their vocation. Prerequisites: completion of BTS-T. Offered alternate years.


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The course examines continuity and change in Russian political culture. The institutions and politics between the Soviet and Post Soviet periods under the leadership of Yeltsin and Putin are explored. The course considers Russia as an energy-exporting state. The varied political developments of former Soviet republics in Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia are compared and contrasted. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course explores research on parenting and child development across a variety of alternative family structures and sociocultural contexts, including families with primary caregiving fathers, divorced and remarried parents, and gay and lesbian parents. Students discuss similarities and variability in development across families, and unique challenges that "nontraditional" families may confront. Students examine and bridge the empirical literature with popular culture and media portrayals of families. Prerequisite: Psychology 241. (Psychology 230 is recommended.) Offered most years.


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This course examines several major theoretical perspectives on psychotherapy. Students review empirically supported treatments for specific clinical disorders, as well as "nonspecific" factors that affect the therapeutic process. Students explore ethical and legal challenges related to psychotherapy delivery, as well as multicultural and other diversity issues. Course format is primarily discussion-based. This course is only open to juniors and seniors. Prerequisites: Psychology 230, and 244 or 247. Offered most years.


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This course examines what Christians are doing when they worship -- in both senses (actions and intentions). Christian groups in the present and in history are compared to discover forms, functions and theologies of worship illuminated by connections to Judaism, Israel and other religions. Prerequisite: BTS-B.


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This course explores the historical relation of religion and science, including issues like those raised by Copernicus, Darwin, and post-classical physics. Students compare the nature and grounds of religious and scientific claims, religious issues arising out of new technologies, new cosmologies, and the new biology, theology's responses to modern science, and the role of religion in the relation of science and society.


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The nature and boundaries of communities, as well as the quality of relationships within communities, are determined by theology as well as by social, political, and ethnic factors. Students examine the ways in which the world's religions, particularly Christianity, have interpreted each other's significance and truth claims and considers the ethical implications of these different responses. Prerequisite: BTS-T.


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May be repeated if topics are different. Prerequisite: BTS-B. Fall 2009: The Religious Sensibility of Abraham Lincoln.


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This course offers an introduction to grammar and reading through oral and written work, supplemented by reading of graded Russian prose. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Students continue their grammar, oral, and written work with an emphasis on conversation and reading selections from classical and contemporary Russian authors. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course facilitates oral and written use of the language through conversation and composition, English to Russian translation, selections from Russian literature, and original themes. Prerequisite: Russian Language and Area Studies 232 or special permission of instructor. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course examines the development of modern science as revealed by primary texts and analysis of key episodes. Beginning with Aristotle, Copernicus, and Galileo, students gain a deeper understanding of the ideas, personalities, and events that shaped the emergence of the modern scientific view of the natural world. The course considers the historical, philosophical, and theological dimensions of major revolutions in science along with important contemporary developments. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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What do self-determination and cultural identity mean for Native American peoples today? Students examine the impact of colonization on Native American peoples, including federal policies, treaty rights, and sovereignty. Issues include economy and politics on reservations, family and gender roles, orality and literacy, persistence and revitalization of religious life and culture, urban life, and recent social movements and organizations. Offered every other year in the Fall Semester.


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This course provides a social science understanding of the "contemporary American family" and analysis of marriage and family issues from a cross-cultural perspective. Students discuss issues of dating and mate selection, marital and parent-child relationships over the family life cycle, gender issues, work and family roles, and problem-related issues affecting families (divorce, violence and death) caused by rapid changes in society. Offered annually in the Fall or Spring Semester.


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This course examines and analyzes religious beliefs, meanings, rituals, and organizational patterns from an empirical perspective. Students study the social organization and functions of religion, the process of secularization in society, the practice and function of civil religion, religious conversion and defection, and sectarian religious movements. Offered annually in the Fall or Spring Semester.


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This course introduces students to anthropological theory and the "culture" of the discipline itself. Students examine anthropology's formation during the Industrial Revolution and the Age of Empire, which called for new explanations of human differences and gave new significance to the nature and meaning of "culture." They explore the method of participant observation research, the question of whether anthropology is a science, the problem of representing one culture to another, and the changing nature of ethnographic writing. Open to Sociology/Anthropology majors only. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course will introduce students to the theoretical and methodological concepts and approaches needed for a sociological (and social scientific) understanding of music, organized loosely around issues of production, content, and reception, but also providing (and borrowing) insight from major sociological topics like culture, organizations and institutions, social networks, race, class, gender, sexuality, and politics. We will also draw on history, anthropology, economics, and literature. It should be noted that, while interdisciplinary to an extent, the course remains rooted in sociology.


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Students gain the skills necessary to conduct and critically evaluate quantitative research. Students learn the underlying theoretical assumptions and orientations of quantitative research, including research design, sampling techniques, strategies for data collection, and approaches to analysis. Students gain practice in data analysis by conducting a research project and using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), a standard in sociology. Open to Sociology/Anthropology majors only. Prerequisite: Statistics 110 or 212. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This course is an investigation of modern statistical theory along with classical mathematical statistics topics such as properties of estimators, likelihood ratio tests, and distribution theory. Additional topics include Bayesian analysis, bootstrapping, Markov Chain Monte Carlo, and other computationally intensive methods. Prerequisite: Statistics 272 and Mathematics 262. Offered Fall Semester.


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Humans relate to one another in families, groups, organizations and communities. Through social systems, cross-cultural, strengths and other theoretical perspectives, students apply prerequisite and advanced content material from biology, sociology, and psychology to assess situations encountered by social workers. Diverse examples are drawn from literature -- Love in the Driest Season, The Color of Water, A Poison Stronger than Love and from students' autobiographies. Prerequisites: Sociology 121, Psychology 241, and Biology 123 or 243; open to non-majors by permission of chair only. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Social work majors study the "how-to" of social work practice, particularly intercultural communication. They describe strengths and problems of diverse individuals and families; frame goals and plans for change utilizing the planned change process and the systems perspective; and use ethical decision-making, informed by the scientific method, grounded in the liberal arts, and concerned with social justice. Students demonstrate learning in videotaped role playing and have an agency interviewing experience. Prerequisites: Social Work 221 and concurrent enrollment in Social Work 246. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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In this "real world" experience, social work majors complete at least 400 hours in a rural or urban agency with structured learning about generalist practice with individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities from diverse backgrounds. Students engage in professional responsibilities with careful guidance and supervision from the field instructor and the field coordinator. Students periodically attend a seminar to integrate classroom learning, share experiences and obtain support. Prerequisite: Majors who have satisfactorily completed all foundation and required courses with numbers below 380. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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The attributes of the things we see and hear in the performances that we attend contribute strongly to our experience as an audience. This course considers the elements and principles of design and their application to performance work. Students study the performance space, scenery elements, costuming, lighting and shadow, and the aural experience that the audience encounters during a performance. Problem-solving, collaboration, and design development are included in project work. Materials fee. Offered annually in the Fall semester.


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This course focuses on the practices, techniques and materials used in the design and production of scenic and costume elements for stage performance. Course includes projects in costume production, scenery production, visual research, technical drawing, and costume and scenery design. A course fee is required. Open to majors and non-majors. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Throughout history, playwrights have represented the human condition in a wide variety of forms and styles, with intentions ranging from the profound to the absurd. This course surveys approximately 24 works of dramatic literature, exploring how playwrights employ structure, character, and narrative in creating live performances. The emphasis is on performance, and the knowledge of the plays will be used in later theater courses. Offered annually.


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A studio course for the student with previous acting experience. Through scene and monologue work students explore text and character analysis as well as the requirements of major theatrical period styles. Students perform regularly throughout the semester. The course requires trips to professional theaters in the Twin Cities. A ticket fee is required. Prerequisites: Theatre 110, and 130 or 131. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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This studio course focuses on the fundamentals of stage direction. Students develop skills of play selection, audience analysis, text interpretation, working with actors, stage picturization and blocking, design considerations, and the process of casting and rehearsals. A primary focus is on developing a point of view about theatre and directing by the study of other directors and theories of theatre. Prerequisites: Theatre 110, and 115 or 130 or 131. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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The design and production of lighting and sound in theater, dance, music and general presentation work plays a significant role in the experience of these events. This course introduces the production problems of lighting and sound and includes design projects in both lighting and sound. Course fee required. Open to all majors and non-majors. Offered annually in the Fall Semester.


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Examines theatrical activities in the period 1700 to the present, from three interrelated perspectives: 1) theater as social history; 2) theater as dramatic literature; and 3) theater as performance (the result of creative decisions made by playwrights, actors, directors, and designers). Prerequisite: Theatre 110. Offered Fall Semester of 2009-2010 and Spring Semester of 2010-2011.


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An in-depth investigation of a selected topic through readings, bibliography, reports and projects. Students may register for the course more than once, provided a different topic is studied. Prerequisite: Theatre 110. Some topics courses may require additional prerequisites. Please inquire in the Theatre Department office before registering. Offered annually.


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This study of chemical stoichiometry, equilibrium, acid-base chemistry, coordination chemistry, and atomic and molecular structure supplies the fundamental background on which all later chemistry courses depend. It includes applications of equilibrium principles to acid-base chemistry. Students attend three classes and one three-hour laboratory per week. Students planning to continue in chemistry should consider concurrent registration in MATH 119 or MATH 120. The course cannot be taken in conjunction with or after credit in CHEM 122. Offered annually during Fall semester. Also counts toward biology major and biomolecular science concentration. Prerequisite: placement via online placement survey.


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Organic chemistry is the study of compounds containing carbon, emphasizing the structures and mechanisms of reaction of these molecules. This course focuses on structure, nomenclature, and reactions of aliphatic and alicyclic compounds, including aspects of stereochemistry and spectroscopic identification of organic compounds. A full treatment of introductory organic chemistry requires subsequent enrollment in CHEM 248. Offered annually during Fall semester. Also counts toward biomolecular science concentration. Prerequisite: CHEM 126 or permission of instructor.


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This laboratory course introduces students to the synthesis and characterization of organic, organometallic and inorganic compounds and serves as a general introduction to green chemistry. Students purify the materials they produce by techniques such as chromatography and characterize them using optical rotation measurements, infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Students attend one three-hour laboratory each week. P/N only. Offered annually during Fall semester. Also counts toward biomolecular science concentration. Prerequisite: previous or concurrent registration in CHEM 247.


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Students explore the complex relationships between literature and film. How do we translate the verbal into the visual? What can novels do that films cannot and vice versa? Subject matter includes both classic and contemporary fiction and film. Also counts toward film and media studies major and concentration. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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Based upon courses from participating departments, the seminar introduces students to the historical and cross-cultural experiences of Africans and African Americans. It affords students the chance to engage in interdisciplinary interpretation and analysis and encourages them to interpret their own heritage in light of the African/African American experience. This course emphasizes historical texts.


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Spanning two centuries, from the founding of the colonies to the close of the Civil War, this course begins our discussion of questions central to the entire sequence: "What is an American?" "What does it mean to be free?" Students explore the institutions, images, and stories of Euro-Americans, African Americans, and Native Americans.Topics and texts include the Declaration of Independence and Thomas Jefferson's architecture, the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass and the coming of the Civil War.


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Burgeoning cities and industrialism, an emerging market economy, changing opportunities for women, an influx of immigrants, and the migration of African Americans to urban centers -- all opened questions of freedom of expression, distribution of resources, and American identity. Topics and texts include the Statue of Liberty, the World's Columbian Exposition, the Model T Ford and the Harlem Renaissance.


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This analysis of modern American society introduces theories and methods of culture studies, beginning with anthropological definitions of culture and including perspectives of sociology, political science, history, art history, and English. Students examine the moral ecology of everyday life in America, looking at the cultural meanings of work, clothes, food, family, gender, buildings, bodies, television, advertising and education. Counts toward major: Women's Studies. Offered Fall Semester.


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This course introduces fundamental technical and perceptual skills of drawing, including the basic elements of mark, line, value, texture, form, space and their dynamics in composition. By translating observed subjects onto two-dimensional surfaces, students explore drawing as a means to self-expression, as a springboard to understanding how ideas are given visible form, and as a cornerstone of artistic practice. Materials fee. Offered each semester.


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This course provides a strong visual foundation in fundamental drawing skills. Students explore elements of line, space, texture, and value, as well as their dynamics in composition. Projects emphasize translating observed three-dimensional subjects onto two-dimensional surfaces. In addition, students are introduced to the aesthetics of drawing and drawing as a means of self- expression through the study of old and contemporary masters. Materials fee.


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This course provides the technical and conceptual foundations for use of digital media for artistic expression. The course focuses on the interaction of the conceptual and the technical through readings, lecture, and assignments that address fundamental issues of digital arts: digital reproduction and representation, intermedia, and interface. Students acquire basic technical skills and apply them in the development of digital art projects that span four realms: raster graphics, vector graphics, three-dimensional graphics, and web page construction. This course prepares students for upper level art courses in the curriculum: Motion Graphics, Computer-Based Imagery and Video Art Production.


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This beginning studio course in sculpture introduces the aesthetic, conceptual, and technical fundamentals of three-dimensional art-making and design. Students learn how to operate tools safely and efficiently, how to construct things with wood and other materials, and how to describe and discuss sculpture and other objects and spaces. The course uses hands-on instruction, readings, slide talks, field trips, and discussion. Materials fee. Offered each Semester.


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This introduction to photography provides majors and non-majors with a strong foundation in the fundamentals of visual art, black and white photography, and digital photography as a medium for artistic expression. Students learn camera operation, black and white film processing, scanning, silver and digital printing, and print presentation and are introduced to the aesthetics and history of photography. Students must provide their own 35 mm camera with manual settings. Materials fee.


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This course develops and stimulates research into the emotional/expressive properties of art-making in the painting media. By investigating thematic compositional and technical problems, students develop a personalized approach to ideas and content. Students learn the importance of process, need for flexibility, how to seek alternatives and how to recognize that a painting has a life of its own. Prerequisites: Art 111 and 112 (or 110), and 113. Materials fee. Offered annually.


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This sculpture course introduces lost wax bronze casting, an art and industrial process that changed the course of human civilization. Students learn to cast, finish, and present cast metal work, building upon concepts from the foundation course and exploring the next level of sculpture topics, issues, and concerns. The course makes use of hands-on instruction, readings, slide talks, and discussion. Materials fee. Prerequisite: Either Art 116 or 122. Offered annually. Fall Semester only.


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This course provides a strong foundation in the array of copper plate processes of etching, aquatint, lift ground, soft ground, and polymer plate printmaking processes as well as in painterly monoprinting techniques. Students address personal sources of ideas, experimentation, drawing skills and compositional concerns and draw upon examples of master printmakers to discuss how images reflect culture. Critical thinking skills are necessary in discussion and critiques. Prerequisites: Art 111 and 112 (or 110). Materials fee. Offered annually.


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In this intermediate photography course, students explore a variety of techniques and topics. Techniques include historic processes such as cyanotype and salted paper printing, digital photography, Polaroid materials and traditional black and white photography. Experimental approaches and nontraditional forms for presentation are investigated. Photography is investigated from a broad historical, aesthetic and social perspective. This course includes field trips, readings, discussion, and slide presentations. Prerequisites: Art 124 or equivalent. Materials fee. Offered annually.


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This course explores video as a creative medium. Students learn basic video production and editing techniques, producing a number of individual and group projects. During the semester we examine a wide variety of videos and films, exploring experimental, documentary, and narrative approaches. The class also considers the history of video art and its relationship to other time-based and static art forms. Prerequisites: Art 117 and one other two-dimensional foundation course: Art 111, 112, 113 (or 110), or permission of instructor. Materials fee. Offered annually.


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This course is an introduction to modern and postmodern art and thought through a survey of painting, sculpture, and new-media arts produced mostly in the United States since the Cold War era. Students learn about celebrated art and artists, major values informing their work, and ways of analyzing and making sense of newer art. Offered annually.


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This course explores painting, sculpture, architecture and urban development in Italy from c. 1300 to c. 1600. The course focuses on the major urban centers of the period: Florence, Rome and Venice. Students address the ways in which art functioned in its original Renaissance context and explore issues of artistic identity and the importance of patronage in the period. Offered periodically.


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This course is intended as an introduction to the history of Chinese art, offering a surveyof major artistic developments from neolithic times to the present. Among the topics considered: ritual bronzes, funerary remains of the Qin and Han, Buddhist sculpture, and the evolution of landscape painting. Important issues discussed include production and patronage, function, and borrowing and influence in the evolution of artistic works across time and space. Offered annually.


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This course enables the advanced studio art student to pursue further work in any chosen two or three dimensional medium or combination of media including performance, installation and collaborative ways of working. This course is organized around an interdisciplinary theme set each year by the instructor. Within a seminar format students read, discuss and write on the selected topic in conjunction with topic driven individual studio work and critiques. Prerequisites: two credits of foundation studio courses plus a minimum of two Level II studio courses. Offered annually.


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Using rice (and agriculture more generally) as a means of access, this course introduces students to an examination of the societies, politics, and economies of East Asian countries. Drawing on social science methods, it looks at traditional East Asian societies as well as the drive for modernization and the consequences that modernization has had on these societies. Prerequisite: Asian Studies 112 or permission of the instructor. Counts toward the Asian Studies major. Offered for the last time in Fall 2007.


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The seminar intensively studies topics in Asian studies. Prerequisite: Asian Studies 275 or permission of the instructor.


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The study of global change and human environmental impacts requires us to link concepts from biology, chemistry, and physics. Students investigate these links by exploring current theories in biogeochemistry, with an emphasis on understanding the feedback between physical and ecological processes, and the coupling of multiple element cycles. Laboratory activities focus on a practical exploration of the methods biogeochemists use, including experience with a variety of instruments. Prerequisite: Any level 200 biology, chemistry, or physics course; or permission of instructor. Offered Fall Semester, alternate years.


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Students journey toward greater understanding of one of the most wondrous objects in existence - the human body - through an integrated study of the structure of the body (anatomy) and how organs such as the brain, heart, and kidney perform their remarkable functions (physiology). The course is designed primarily for students intending careers in the health sciences. Students attend lectures plus one 3-hour laboratory per week. Prerequisite: Biology 125, or Chemistry/Biology 125-127. Offered annually.


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How do animals do what they need to do to survive in all sorts of environments? Why are some animals flexible physiologically and others able to exist in only very particular conditions? These are the sorts of questions students explore as they navigate the basic systems that provide circulation, ventilation, movement, digestion, and waste removal. Students look at how these are coordinated by the nervous and endocrine systems and how they vary across the animal kingdom to help organisms survive in dry, hot deserts or in dark, deep oceans and places in between. In the weekly 3-hour lab, they conduct quantitative physiological measurements to assess functions such as temperature control, respiration rates, and salt and water balance. Prerequisites: Biology 125 and 126, or Chemistry/Biology 125-127 and Biology 126.


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Molecular biology techniques are bringing about a revolution in understanding living organisms. Students study the structure and function of macromolecules, methods currently used to clone and analyze genes, and new insights into basic biological processes which these methods provide. The course uses lecture and discussion topics with one project-oriented 3-hour laboratory per week. Prerequisites: Biology 125, 126, or Chemistry/Biology 125-127 and Biology 126, and Biology 233.


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This course focuses on learning modern field and laboratory methods to test ecological hypotheses. Students work on group and individual projects to collect and analyze data and give oral and written presentations on projects. Class periods focus on discussion of primary literature and project results. Class trips include visits to local natural areas. Students attend lecture/discussion plus one 4-hour laboratory per week. Prerequisites: Biology 125 and 126, or Chemistry/Biology 125-127 and Biology 126, and Biology 261. Offered annually.


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Immunology focuses on the structure, development and function of the immune system. The course explores the molecular and cellular basis of the immune responses. The application of immunological principles to allergy, autoimmunity, AIDS, transplantation, and cancer will be included. Students attend lectures plus a 2-hour discussion per week. Prerequisites: Biology 125 and 126, or Chemistry/Biology 125-127 and Biology 126, and Biology 233; one semester of Chemistry or Chemistry/Biology 125-127. Offered annually.


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This course introduces chemical concepts that are important for students pursuing a study of chemistry or biology. Topics include atomic structure, the Periodic Table, bonding interactions within and between particles, water and its solutions, biological membranes, chemical reaction types, chemical stoichiometry, equilibrium systems, acids and bases, introduction to protein structure. Examples are often pulled from the realm of biological molecules and processes. Students attend three classes and one 3-hour laboratory each week. Prerequisite: Chemistry Placement Recommendation, concurrent registration in Math 120 or equivalent background. Offered Fall Semester.


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This course provides a study of chemical stoichiometry and equilibrium at a level and pace appropriate to students with little or no background in chemistry. The combination of this course and the Interim course 123 provides coverage of topics equivalent to those in Chemistry 125. Students attend three classes and one 3-hour laboratory per week. Offered Fall Semester.


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This study of chemical stoichiometry, equilibrium, acid-base chemistry, coordination chemistry and atomic and molecular structure supplies the fundamental background on which all later chemistry courses depend. It includes applications of equilibrium principles to acid-base chemistry. Students attend three classes and one 3-hour laboratory each week. Prerequisites: high school chemistry and physics and concurrent registration in Mathematics 120 or 121. The course cannot be taken in conjunction with or after credit in Chemistry 121. Offered Fall Semester.


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Organic chemistry is the study of compounds containing carbon, emphasizing the structures and mechanisms of reaction of these molecules. This course focuses on structure, nomenclature, and reactions of aliphatic hydrocarbons, including aspects of stereochemistry and spectroscopic identification of these compounds. A full treatment of introductory organic chemistry requires subsequent enrollment in Chemistry 248. Prerequisite: Chemistry 126, or Chemistry/Biology 127, or permission of instructor. Offered Fall Semester.


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This courses introduces students to the synthesis and characterization of organic, organometallic and inorganic compounds. Students purify the materials they produce by techniques such as chromatography and characterize them using optical rotation measurements and infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Students attend one 3-hour laboratory each week. Prerequisites: previous or concurrent registration in Chemistry 247. P/N only. Offered Fall Semester.


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Students perform experiments that illustrate the principles of physical chemistry and utilize modern instrumentation. Students synthesize and analyze copolymers, perform spectroscopic measurements of molecular energy levels, calculate quantum mechanical quantities using computer workstations, and investigate the thermodynamics and kinetics of chemical reactions. Students also develop their scientific writing skills by preparing reports in the style of scientific publications. Prerequisite: concurrent registration in Chemistry 371. P/N only. Offered both semesters.


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Students delve further into the topics of kinetics, thermodynamics and atomic and molecular structure that were introduced in the first-year courses. This course emphasizes the mathematical aspects of chemistry. Specific topics include reaction mechanisms, the laws of thermodynamics, statistical thermodynamics, equilibrium, spectroscopy, and molecular orbital theory. Prerequisites: Chemistry 126 or Chemistry/Biology 127 or permission of instructor and concurrent registration in Chemistry 357. Previous completion of Physics 124 or 126 is recommended. Offered both semesters.


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This lab course is highly recommended to enhance the study of biochemistry and as preparation for further research in biochemistry and related fields. The course focuses on the isolation, purification, and characterization of proteins, DNA, and RNA with particular emphasis on enzyme kinetics. The course aims to provide continuity in experimentation that is investigative in nature. Emphasis is placed on the collection, interpretation, and presentation of data. Prerequisite: previous or concurrent registration in Chemistry 379. P/N only. Offered both semesters.


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This course presents fundamental biological processes at the molecular level and serves as a general introduction to biochemistry. This course emphasizes the structure and function of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids, enzyme catalysis and regulation, bioenergetics and an introduction to carbohydrate metabolism. Subsequent enrollment in Chemistry 385 is recommended for students desiring greater breadth and depth in the subject. Prerequisite: Chemistry 248. Offered both semesters.


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Students study how an instrument functions, mechanically, mathematically, optically and electronically, and then how its parts are linked together. Topics covered include basic electronics and computer interfacing, spectrophotometric instruments, mass spectrometers, electrochemical instrumentation, and various separation methods. Prerequisites: Physics 125 or 228, and Chemistry 255, 256. Concurrent registration in Chemistry 378 is required. Prior experience with computers is essential. Offered Fall Semester.


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This course offers an introduction to speaking, reading, and writing Chinese, as well as mastery of basic grammar and command of 500 characters for reading and writing. Class meets four times weekly. Individual language laboratory visits are also required.


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Students continue to develop listening and reading comprehension and use of basic structures through speaking, and writing. The vocabulary for reading and writing increases to 1,000 characters. Class meets four times weekly. Individual language laboratory visits are also required.


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This accelerated course accomplishes the combined goals of Computer Science 121 and Computer Science 251for students with sufficient prior C++ or Java programming skills. The course includes a weekly laboratory meeting and a team project experience. Prerequisites: Prior programming experience in C++ or Java at approximately the level of an advanced high school course.


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This course offers students a structured descriptive survey of the organizational principles of computer hardware, emphasizing trade-offs among architectural choices and representative examples. Topics include virtual machines, overview of computer organization, forms of parallelism, machine- level representation of data, memory organization, digital logic, functional organization, microprogrammed and RISC architectures, performance enhancements and alternative architectures, assembly-level machine organization and programming, and architecture of networks and their protocols. Prerequisite: Computer Science 121 or consent of the instructor.


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This course surveys standard data structures and algorithms with emphasis on implementation experience and complexity analysis. Topics include algorithmic strategies, fundamental computer algorithms, stacks, queues, lists, trees, hash tables, specialized trees (e.g., binary, AVL, B-trees), heaps and priority queues, compression, and decompression. Prerequisites: Completion of BTS-T; Computer Science 231 and either Computer Science 125 or 251, or consent of the instructor.


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This course examines the features of modern operating systems, including detailed consideration of Linux and other example systems. Projects range from system-level programming to kernel modifications. Topics include operating system principles, implementation as system calls, process scheduling and dispatch, inter-process communication, low-level memory management, device management, file systems, security and protection mechanisms, and scripting. Prerequisites: Computer Science 241 and either Computer Science 125 or 251, or permission of instructor.


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This introduction to dance allows students to broadly experience and learn about dance. Students explore dance from the following perspectives: historical, cultural and social, creative and expressive, performing, critical and aesthetic, and kinesthetic. Lectures, experiential movement labs, and viewing of both live and recorded dance performances are all components of the course. No dance experience required. A ticket/transportation fee is required for performances. Offered Fall Semester.


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International dance classes emphasize dance in its varied cultural contexts. This course surveys dance from around the world with emphasis on European and Near Eastern forms. Offered once or twice a year.


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This studio course introduces students to the concepts, vocabulary, patterns, and application of dance and movement for the performing artist. The course develops movement observation and analysis skills with application to directing, conducting, character development, music performance (instrumental and voice), and choreography for theater and music. Required performance fee (tickets and transportation).


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An introduction to experiential anatomy using a range of physical movement and embodied awareness practices. Exploring structural and functional relationships within the body is the foundation for considering human expressive and creative potential. Emphasis is placed on "living the bodywhole" (bodymindemotionspirit) in building a value system for daily living as well as for specialized performance activities. Valuable for anyone interested in living with ease, energy, and efficiency. Offered most semesters.


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Play is powerful in learning. It is engaging, energizing, and enlightening. This intermediate level movement technique class explores a range of physical activities designed to develop physical skill, confidence, and intelligence--all in the spirit of play. It incorporates activities for developing body organization and alignment while challenging student's imagination and creative sensibilities. Tumbling, terraining, contact imporvisation, and Capoeira represent a few of the included activities. Prerequisites: Dance 105, 110, or 111. Offered Fall Semester.


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This course offers an expansion of ballet vocabulary and technique with an emphasis on movement quality, clarity and efficiency. Outside work includes practicing, reading, writing and concert attendance. This section is open to majors and general students with instructor's permission. Prerequisite: Dance 121 (at least twice) and/or permission of the instructor. Offered both semesters. 221 may be repeated with instructor's permission.


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A basic course in principles and methods for creating dances, this course focuses on the elements of dance composition and improvisation, the relationship of form and content, and the relationship of the dancer and the dance. It is appropriate for students interested in any or all forms of dance and for those interested in other forms of composition (music, visual art, etc.). Offered Fall Semester.


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Students embark on a cross-cultural exploration of concert dance and pedestrian movement in religious and social contexts to increase intercultural sensitivity and competence. The emphasis is on discovering how movement and dance express and communicate cultural values, as well as developing the skills to perceive, describe, interpret, and evaluate movement. Includes studio, classroom, and field experiences. A ticket/transportation fee is required for trips to performances in the Twin Cities. Offered most years.


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This is the dance majors' culminating course. Students will prepare, develop, and execute their final senior project in their individual areas of specialty. Students also prepare for dance careers, looking at resume formats, grant writing, interviewing, and auditioning skills. Class discussion topics include the role and function of dance in the students' lives and in what ways they will participate. Offered Fall Semester.


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Ideal for students interested in applying statistical models to economic problems, this course emphasizes theoretical foundations, mathematical structure and applications of major econometric techniques, including ordinary least squares, generalized least squares, dummy variables, non-linear transformations, instrumental variables, simultaneous equation modeling, and time series models. Students in the class complete a sophisticated economic research project of their choice. Prerequisites: Economics 261 and either Statistics 263 or 272, or permission of instructor. Offered annually.


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This course focuses on issues surrounding first and second language acquisition in children and adults. It examines socio-cultural, linguistic, and psychological factors that affect language learning, cultural identity, and school performance, highlighting political influences on the education of linguistic minorities. This is a theory and foundations course required for students seeking MN teaching licensure in ESL; it is also relevant for students who wish to teach English as a foreign language abroad. Required 20-hour field experience. Offered Fall Semester only.


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Students study theories of and research into human behavior, growth, and development. Through lectures, discussions, case studies and field experiences, students analyze the impact of applied psychology upon schools, teachers, and students. Students also examine the interaction between individual characteristics and needs and political, economic and philosophical issues confronting contemporary American students. Required 20-hour field experience. Recommended to be taken Spring Semester sophomore year to begin the licensure sequence. Offered both semesters.


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The goal of the course is to acquire the knowledge, skills, and understandings necessary to develop a music program for grades 5-12. Each week the student observes a music teacher in a local school and then returns to teach that class using an approved plan. Prerequisite: Education 330, 355 or permission of the instructor. First half of the Fall Semester only.


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This course focuses on the many aspects involved in coordinating and teaching a secondary choral program. It includes discussions on extra-curricular activities, grading and record keeping, curriculum, repertoire and program planning, professional development, and other pertinent and related topics. Students gain practical knowledge and skills necessary to successfully manage a vocal music program. Prerequisite: Education 330 or permission of the instructor. Fall Semester only.


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Prospective band and orchestra teachers study the skills and knowledge necessary for successfully conducting instrumental music. The course includes teaching philosophy and strategies, repertoire and program planning, budgeting and scheduling, musical materials and scoring, recruiting and evaluation and specialized topics such as jazz ensemble and marching band. Prerequisite: Education 330 or permission of the instructor. Fall Semester only.


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Prospective teachers learn strategies to use when communicating with students who are experiencing personal difficulties. Communication with parents, family members and other professionals who have a vested interest in the student's well-being is emphasized. Professional ethics and liability are major components of the course. The course uses role playing into help students develop communication expertise. Topics include confidentiality, professional liability and boundaries, crisis intervention, abuse and neglect, mental health, and reporting and making referrals. Prerequisite: Education 290 or permission of instructor. Offered both semesters.


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Future teachers identify and acquire skills to serve exceptional students more effectively in the regular classroom. Students read, discuss and take field trips to expand their knowledge of the broad spectrum of resources availabe for students with disabilities, second language learners and those labeled "at-risk." Historical perspectives as well as inclusion, collaboration, curriculum development and other current topics are included. Prerequisite: Education 290 or permission of instructor. Required 20-hour field experience. Offered Fall Semester only.


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Students are assigned to a full-time internship in schools under the guidance of competent cooperating teachers and supervised by faculty from both the content area department and the Education Department. Student teaching provides the best possible introduction to the teaching experience. Student teachers practice all classroom teaching skills required to assure competency to begin their first year of teaching. Minimum of 12 full-time weeks teaching, including orientation sessions and required seminars. Student teachers only -- seniors or college graduates.


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This course is intended primarily for English Language Learners to develop English skills required for college-level work. Composition and the writing process, as well as other language skills, will be emphasized in class and through individual instruction. Students must pass the course with a grade of C or higher in order to enroll in General Education 111. Offered Fall Semester only.


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These courses treat specific periods in American literature and examine the relationship between literary texts and movements and their particular cultural, political, and historical contexts. Each offering of this course examines a different literary era and emphasizes specific literary and historical issues. Students may register for the course more than once provided a different era is studied. Prerequisite: FYW or equivalent. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Early American Literature focuses upon the literature of the colonial and early national periods, as in works by Bradstreet, Edwards, Franklin, Wheatley, and Equiano, in the context of America's Puritan origins, democratic revolutions, and uneasy relations with native peoples. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19th-Century American Literature examines literary works by authors such as Whitman, Dickinson, Twain, James, Douglass, and Wharton in the context of emergence of modern individualism, industrialism and immigration, and the struggles for the rights of women and African Americans. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Modern American Literature examines literary movements and works in 20th-century America, such as those by Frost, Eliot, Cather, Faulkner, Hurston, Ginsberg, Plath, and Morrison, in such contexts as the world wars, economic depression and experiences, and alienation of different cultures and generations.


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Students examine critically a variety of national, metro, and local media. Students then learn to write their own news copy, including hard news, features, editorials, art and entertainment reviews, sports, business, and travel stories. Students also learn UPI/AP style copy editing and proofreading, important skills for students applying for internships and print media jobs. Prerequisite: FYW or equivalent.


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Through nonfiction, fiction, and poetry, students explore the complex relations between humans and the "natural" world. Students consider questions such as: What does it mean to be connected to a landscape? What is a sense of place? Students also reflect about how they and the writers they read put landscape and experiences into language. Prerequisite: FYW or equivalent.


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Students explore various forms of prose, both fiction and nonfiction. Each instructor selects different material to be studied and emphasizes various aspects of the form. Topics can range from the 18th-century novel to African American autobiography. May be repeated if topics are different. Prerequisite: FYW or equivalent.


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Students develop and complete individual projects in fiction, deepening and polishing their work. Class sessions are devoted to the discussion of the craft, the examination of literary models, and workshopping of student writing. Prerequisite: Approval of portfolio by department committee.


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Students consider in depth some of Shakespeare's most popular plays and also explore some of the less-frequently studied classics. Students examine a wide range of genres and types of plays, view videotapes, and attend performances when available. Prerequisites: English 185 plus one additional course of relevant background.


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Students examine the work of a major British author. Through attention to life experiences, cultural contexts, and the impact of history, the course offers students a rounded and complex understanding of a major author's literary achievement. Recent authors have included Milton, Dickens, George Eliot, Joyce, and Woolf. Because such study is intensive and requires background, students should have prior exposure to the author studied. May be repeated if topics are different. Prerequisite: English 185 plus one additional course of relevant background.


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Population growth, industrialization, and the consumption of fossil fuels have increased global environmental problems. The course examines the ways in which nation-states and/or international institutions have addressed these environmental concerns. Depending on the instructor, the focus of the course is either the environmental problems of a particular area (e.g., Latin America, Russia or Asia) or a broader global arena (e.g., international institutions and the environment). Counts toward major and concentration: Environmental Studies.


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The discussion of wilderness today often focuses on non-human benefits, such as the protection of biodiversity or wildlife habitat. A significant tradition of American thought and literature also emphasizes the benefits of wilderness for human beings, including spirituality, freedom, morality, self-reliance, and solitude. This seminar, offered annually, explores the importance of wilderness in American thought and assesses its value for society today.


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Students study topics related to the environment. Topics vary from year to year at the discretion of the instructor. Topic may include Literature of the Poles, Environment and Theology, Environmental Justice, and Ecotourism. Class is largely discussion-based but may include a lab/field work component depending on the topic. May be repeated if topics are different.


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This course offers a basic study in motor skill acquisition and motor control. Topics include methods of assessment, evaluation and research in the areas of motor learning and control, the learning environment, and discussion of factors that influence the acquisition and performance of motor skills. Prerequisite: Psychology 125.


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Students analyze mechanical principles in depth as they affect human motion. Topics include study of muscular and skeletal systems, skill analysis, and motion measurement techniques. The course included a laboratory component. Prerequisite: Biology 123 or consent of instructor.


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The prerequisite for this class is the completion of the requirements in the exercise science major. Students may be co-registered for the capstone course and their final core course in the major. Presentations by the faculty of the Department of Exercise Science and other experts build upon material presented in the introductory and core courses and introduce students to advanced topics in exercise science. Students conduct semester-long research on a topic and present their findings in the form of a research paper.


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Students examine American families through the life cycle in relation to personal and professional life, with the major emphasis on communication and commitment in interpersonal relationships. Students study courtship, marriage, adjustment to parenthood, and examine stressors that affect families such as family violence, divorce, grief and loss, socioeconomic issues. This course takes an interdisciplinary approach; students have opportunity for a broad range of individualized study.


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Students begin to learn French through listening, speaking, reading and writing about topics familiar to them. They study social and cultural notions inherent in the daily life of peoples in diverse Francophone communities and learn to think critically and make interdisciplinary connections and informed cross-cultural comparisons. Open to students with prior background in French or placement into French 111. Offered both semesters.


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Students expand their ability to communicate in French, understand French texts and interpret French and U.S. cultures through study and discussion of specific social and cultural topics that are relevant (e.g. stereotypes, the family, education, immigration). Explicit focus on cross-cultural comparison/contrast and analysis. Students develop their ability to listen, speak, read and write, while paying particular attention to listening and reading strategies. Prerequisite: French 112 or placement. Offered both semesters.


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Students engage in intensive practice in various types of writing in French (e.g., summary, extended description, narration, and professional correspondence). Literary and non-literary texts provide topics and models. The course involves discussion, writing, and revising and stresses advanced grammar review. Taught in French. Prerequisite: French 232, 233 or equivalent.


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Students explore French-speaking regions of the world outside France through the close reading, discussion, and analysis of literary and non-literary texts as well as other cultural artifacts. Readings, discussions, viewings, and written and oral assignments are organized around the exploration of specific topics or themes. Regions include Manitoba, Québec, the French Caribbean, and North Africa. May be repeated if region is different. Taught in French. Prerequisite: minimum of one 250-level course (two recommended).


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Students study a particular genre or medium (e.g., novel, play, poetry, short story, film) from a variety of periods and authors, with particular emphasis on form. Coursework includes close reading, discussion, in-depth analysis and interpretation of works. Sample topics: "Medieval Romance," "The Short Story," "Autobiography" and "Modern Québécois Theater." May be repeated if genre is different. Taught in French. Prerequisite: minimum of one 270-level course.


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Students contrast the world views of the ancient Greeks and Hebrews: Greek polytheism and the hero with the Hebrew notion of one God and the believer; Greek notions of civic community and earthly life with the Hebrew ideal of a religious covenant and historical destiny; Greek thoughts about beauty, war, peace, justice, politics, metaphysics, art, architecture, and drama with the prophetic stance toward the past and the future. Students read and discuss works by Homer, Sappho, Thucydides, Sophocles, Plato, Aristotle, the writers of the Old Testament, and the artistry of the Parthenon.


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Students examine the Renaissance's return to classical values and the Reformation's return to early Christian attitudes which challenge the authority of the medieval synthesis. Students trace the development of new sources of authority including the new science with its influence on art, literature, politics, and philosophy. Discussions consider Luther, Calvin, Descartes, Locke, Milton, Aphra Behn, Voltaire, Rousseau, Goethe, andTeresa of Avila and the artistry of Michaelangelo, Caravaggio, Bach, and Shakespeare.


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Students examine expository texts such as (auto)biographical writings, journalistic articles, and critical essays, with an eye to understanding the strategic organization of the text, the information presented, and the various layers of critical voices in a text. Coursework includes weekly writing assignments on the analysis of structure, style, argumentation, evidence, and perspective in a text, with help sessions by native German exchange students. The course is designed to teach students writing strategies and the final project is a short term paper written in German. Taught in German. Prerequisite: German 232 or equivalent.


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Students examine a major period of German history and its impact on the institutional, intellectual, and artistic heritage of Europe. Course involves close reading and analysis of primary sources as well as critical evaluations of the period and focus on history as an interpretive reconstruction of the past. Sample periods include: the Reformation, Weimar Classicism, the German revolution of 1848, German modernism and post-holocaust Germany. Taught in German with strategies for writing term papers in German. Prerequisite: German 251 or German 252. May be repeated if topic is different.


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Students explore the form, history and theory of a particular genre or medium, including film, the novella, young adult literature, drama, poetry and short story, or the works of a single author or period. Coursework includes close reading, discussion, analysis and interpretation of texts. Taught in German. Prerequisite: minimum of one 270-level course. May be repeated if topic is different.


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Students explore a particular topic in language, literature, history, or culture through close reading, discussion, analysis, and interpretation of selected works, including theoretical texts. Sample topics include: Kafkas Europe, the Faust epic, women's voices, German heritage, the German holocaust, and Germany in Europe. Taught in German. Prerequisite: minimum of one 270-level course. May be repeated if topic is different.


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In this two-course sequence students learn the basics of ancient Greek. By studying the language's vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, they not only gain appreciation for its intricacies and nuances but also learn more about their own language and about language in general. Completion of both semesters equips students to translate almost any ancient Greek text with the aid of a dictionary. Offered annually.


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Third-semester Greek students read selections from Plato's dialogues (Apology, Crito, Phaedo) in uncut, original versions, reviewing basic vocabulary, grammar, and syntax while translating the Greek texts. The class discusses the life and death of Socrates and the significance of the dialogues as works of literature. Prerequisite: Greek 112 or equivalent.


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Readings from the works of Herodotus, the "Father of History," and Thucydides, the first "scientific" historian, provide the backdrop for studying the development of Greek historiography. Students analyze the historians' distinctive methods and writing styles and compare them with those of modern historians. Prerequisite: Greek 231 or equivalent. Offered in alternate years.


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Students study Protestant and Catholic religious movements, Luther and other Reformers, political and social institutions, the Protestant family, intellectual traditions, and popular culture and beliefs in this interdisciplinary approach to Reformation Europe. Students also investigate the rise of nation states, theological debates, the wars of religion, science and learning, printing and communication, and capitalism. Offered most years.


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This course provides a survey of the history of Germany with emphasis on the period from 1700 to the present. Through primary sources, literature, and historical accounts, students examine Germany's development from a collection of independent states to a great power, focusing on the social, cultural, and political impact of national unification, rapid industrialization, world wars, and European union.


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This course explores topics in Non-Western history, designed to emphasize active skills of critical reading, textual and contextual analysis, historiographical argument, and historical writing. Offered most years.


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This course explores topics in American history, designed to emphasize active skills of critical reading, textual and contextual analysis, historiographical argument, and historical writing. Offered most years.


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This seminar covers varying topics in African, Asian, Latin American, or Middle Eastern history, depending upon the instructor. Offered periodically. May be repeated if topics are different.


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This capstone seminar is open to all history majors for independent research and discussion of historical issues. Although it serves all majors, it is also appropriate for those writing a paper for consideration for distinction. With the consent of the instructors, students may complete a research project that satisfies the requirements of the thesis seminar and another Level III seminar.


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Sports are more than exercise and entertainment -- they can be understood as social phenomena, related to the social and cultural contexts in which we live. Sports provide stories and images used to explain and evaluate these contexts and provide a window into culture and society. This seminar considers ways in which sports may be understood as social constructs: Who plays sports, what happens to them, and why? Do money and power matter in sports? If so, how? How does "playing games" become formalized, institutionalized? What is the role of media in sports? Or religion? Or government? Students will discuss and produce position papers on various issues relating to sports in society.


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This course is an introduction to speaking, reading, and writing Japanese; writing includes the learning of all syllabic letters (Hiragana and Katakana) and basic Kanji (Chinese characters). Class meets four times weekly. Individual language laboratory visits are also required.


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Students continue to develop the listening, speaking, reading and writing skills that enable them to deal not only with topics of daily life, but also cultural themes and authentic materials. Class meets four times weekly. Prerequisite: Japanese 112 or its equivalent.


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In this two-course sequence students learn the basics of classical Latin. By studying the language's vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, they not only gain appreciation for its intricacies and nuances but also learn more about their own language and about language in general. Completion of both semesters equips students to translate almost any classical Latin text with the aid of a dictionary. Offered annually.


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Third-semester Latin students have the opportunity to read large portions of two orations (First Catilinarian, Pro Caelio) by Cicero and selections from Catullus' poetry, in uncut, original versions, while reviewing vocabulary, grammar, and syntax. Besides translating the Latin texts, the class discusses late Republican Rome and the stylistic features of the literature. Prerequisite: Latin 112 or equivalent. Offered annually.


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Students translate selections from one or more genres of ancient Latin literature while exploring a specific topic or theme chosen by the instructor. Close study of the text is combined with discussion of broader literary, historical, and cultural questions. Sample topics: "Greek Myths Transformed in Latin Poetry," "Ancient Biographies of the Roman Emperors," "Latin Epistolography," "Augustan Elegy." Prerequisite: Latin 231 or equivalent. Offered every third year.


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In this mathematical exploration of the geometry underlying the patterns and images of Islamic art and architecture, students seek the origins of patterns found in Islamic religious beliefs and the development over time of this expression of mathematics through culture. They study and analyze examples occurring in the architecture of buildings and monuments found in the Islamic world. Students apply the acquired geometry and Islamic culture by creating new original patterns and defending them as appropriate representations of Islamic decoration. Offered Spring Semester.


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This course introduces differential and integral calculus of functions of a single real variable, including trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions. Derivatives and integrals are explored graphically, symbolically and numerically. Applications of the derivative are included. Prerequisite: Mathematics Placement Recommendation. Offered both semesters.


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This course covers the material in Mathematics 126 in greater depth and includes supplementary material. Prerequisite: Mathematics120, 121, or Mathematics Placement Recommendation. Credit may be earned for either Mathematics 126 or 128, but not both. Offered both semesters.


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This course introduces differential equations and analytical, numerical, and graphical techniques for their analysis. First and second order differential equations and linear systems are studied. Applications are selected from areas such as biology, chemistry, economics, ecology and physics. Students use computers extensively to calculate and visualize results. Prerequisite: Mathematics 126 or 128 and 220. Offered both semesters.


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Complex analysis treats the calculus of complex-valued functions of a complex variable. Familiar words and ideas from ordinary calculus (limit, derivative, integral, maximum and minimum, infinite series) reappear in the complex setting. Topics include complex mappings, derivatives and integrals; applications focus especially on the physical sciences. Prerequisite: Mathematics 220. Recommended: Mathematics 226.


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The main topics are measure theory on the real line and the Lebesgue integral, up to and including the convergence theorems. Applications to probability and harmonic analysts are included. Prerequisite: Mathematics 244, or permission of instructor. Offered in 2007-08 and alternate years.


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Students work intensively in a special topic of analytic character. Topics vary from year to year. May be repeated if topics are different. Offered periodically.


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This course introduces the key elements of marketing strategy: product development and management, pricing, promotion and distribution decisions. Case analysis and simulation exercises provide opportunities for applying concepts addressed in class. Upon completion of the course, students should be able to write a marketing plan for a profit-oriented or not-for-profit enterprise. Prerequisite: one of Economics 110-122 or permission of instructor. Offered each semester.


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This course familiarizes the student with the major management functions of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. The study of management theory is linked with application exercises. Students begin to develop the management skills necessary in any organization, whether it be a for-profit or not-for-profit venture, a small business, or a large corporation. This course is required for all students pursuing a management studies concentration. Prerequisite: one of Economics 110-122 or permission of instructor. Offered each semester.


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Students explore dictation and singing of intervals, rhythmic patterns, scales, tonal melodies and basic chord progressions. With 113, this course forms the introduction to the music major. Offered Fall Semester.


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In this course, students explore the fundamentals of music, including the elements of pitch and rhythm, music notation, intervals, triads and inversions, seventh chords, scales, harmonic progression, and basic principles of voice leading. With 111, this course forms the introduction to the music major. Registration for 113 requires concurrent registration in Music 161 unless a student has either passed the Piano I equivalency examination or placed out of Music 161. Offered Fall Semester.


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For students with little or no keyboard experience, this course emphasizes sight playing, basic keyboard patterns and technical skills, harmonization, playing by ear, and applied musical theory. Classes include ensemble playing, performance, skill development, and structured improvisation. Open to non-music majors on a space-available basis only. Offered Fall Semester.


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Intended primarily for music majors, this course introduces basic techniques for performance on selected instruments in the woodwind family. Tone production and technical facility are highlighted. Discussion topics include posture, breathing, embouchure, history of the woodwind instruments, instrument families, reed adjustment, maintenance and basic repair, resource materials, method books, solo and ensemble editions, and similarities and differences in teaching the various woodwind instruments. Offered Fall Semester.


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This course continues to develop the basic skills of sightsinging and dictation taught in 111, Aural Skills I, and 112, Aural Skills II. Sightsinging includes melodies with chromatic pitches and modulation. Greater emphasis is placed on dictation employing more complex harmonies. Prerequisites: Music 112 and 114. Offered Fall Semester.


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Continuing the theory sequence from 114, students explore Baroque counterpoint, Classical and Romantic styles and forms, advanced modulation techniques, and chromatic harmony. The course also introduces musical acoustics and music technology. Prerequisites: Music 112 and 114. Offered Fall Semester.


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Through this introduction to the practical fundamentals of orchestration, students learn about instrument ranges, nomenclature, proper notation, characteristics of orchestral and band instruments, transposition, and scoring for various instrumental combinations including full orchestra, concert band, and marching band. Prerequisite: Music 114 and junior standing. Recommended: Music 166, 167, 168, 169, or equivalent experience. Offered Fall Semester, 2007-2008, and alternate years..


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An introduction to non-Western music, this course explores ethnically diverse performance practices and styles, ethnomusicological techniques for studying non-Western music, and the relationship of music of various cultures to events important to those cultures. Offered Fall Semester.


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Students encounter the history and development of Western European music from the Middle Ages to ca. 1750 and study the genres and styles of music from monophonic chant to concerted music of the Baroque. Prerequisite: Music 114. Offered Fall Semester.


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This advanced piano class for B.M. music majors emphasizes sight playing, score reading, harmonization and transposition, advanced harmonic idioms, improvisation, ensemble playing, and performance preparation. Students earning a grade of B- or higher meet the department's Level III keyboard proficiency standards. Prerequisite: Music 162, equivalency examination II, or audition placement. Offered Fall Semester.


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This studio course focuses on advanced techniques of acting and singing for the musical stage with emphasis on opera. Students explore voice, movement, improvisation, and characterization at an advanced level. They receive coaching in musical and dramatic style through solo and small ensemble literature and prepare scenes for class performance. The course culminates with public performances of fully staged and costumed lyric theater work. May be repeated once. Prerequisites: Two semesters of voice study and Theatre 131 (Acting for the Lyric Stage). A class fee may be required. Generally offered Fall Semester.


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Students survey the solo vocal repertoire (art song) of Germany, Italy and Spain. This course provides the materials for the study of song literature, highlighting the significant features and developments inherent in the form. Course work includes class performances. Prerequisite: Music 214, 241, 242, 263 and 264, or permission of instructor. Offered Fall Semester, 2007-08, and alternate years.


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This course offers an in-depth study of the music literature and styles of the late 18th and 19th centuries. Prerequisite: Music 241, 242. Offered in alternate years.


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Students study advanced baton techniques, including meter changes, asymmetrical meters, advanced fermata situations, pattern variety, melds, and 20th-century demands (including the contemporary score and aleatoric music). Students also study the art of programming, score preparation, score reading, score interpretation, memorization, handling different stylistic traditions, and conducting recitative. Students practice conducting an ensemble and observe rehearsals on and off campus. Prerequisite: Music 252 or 253, and permission of instructor. Offered Fall Semester.


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This course introduces principles and varied methods of effective and creative piano teaching, along with piano studio management. Although the focus is on teaching young beginners, the course also addresses the teaching of intermediate students. Students develop skills through actual teaching experience. Prerequisite: three semesters of piano lessons, of which the first semester may be piano class, or permission of instructor. Offered Fall Semester, 2007-08, and alternate years.


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This course introduces a systematic pedagogical approach to the study of voice production for use in the studio or classroom. Students examine basic voice physiology, the healthy use and care of the voice, voice problems, and appropriate vocal literature. Prerequisite: three semesters of voice lessons, one of which may be voice class; or permission of instructor. Offered Fall Semester.


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This course introduces the principles of vocal pedagogy applied to the child and adolescent voice with an emphasis on understanding the developing voice and establishing good vocal habits with appropriate techniques and literature. Prerequisite: Music 251, completion of one semester of voice or voice class and junior standing, or permission of instructor. Generally offered Fall Semester.


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Students study a broad range of literature from beginning to advanced, examining scores and listening to string etudes, solos, sonatas, concertos, and orchestral excerpts. Special emphasis is placed on appropriate repertoire for beginning and intermediate students. Pedagogy, discussion of well-known string performers (past and present), and the basics of studio management are accentuated through required readings, videos, discussion, and actual teaching experiences. Prerequisite: Music 214, 241, and 242 or permission of instructor. Offered Fall Semester, 2007-08, and alternate years.


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Students improve proficiency in listening, speaking, reading, and writing, with an emphasis on communication as well as improved grammatical accuracy. Reading and discussion of authentic literary and cultural texts allow students to expand their vocabulary and knowledge of the Norwegian way of life. Prerequisite: Norwegian 112, or equivalent. Fall Semester only.


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Students gain insight into Norwegian identity and culture, expand vocabulary, and improve fluency and grammatical accuracy by reading a variety of texts and writing essays. Speaking assignments help students understand readings and become more effective speakers. Prerequisite: Norwegian 232, or equivalent. Offered Fall Semester only.


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A study of Norwegian literature from the Saga period through Ibsen, this chronological overview examines literary developments in the context of historical, cultural, and linguistic change and relates Norwegian literature to international trends. Lectures, essays, and class discussion are in Norwegian. Prerequisite: Norwegian 253, or equivalent. Offered Fall Semester only.


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This course focuses on critical issues in contemporary health care. Topics include principles of wellness, health promotion, interpersonal communication, cultural competency, and ethical, legal, political, and economic aspects of the health care system in the United States. Students have the opportunity to explore health care issues, such as interpersonal violence, genomics, bio-terrorism, and global health problems. Prerequisites: Non-Nursing majors: FYW; nursing majors: all Nursing prerequisites.


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This course explores the foundational and philosophical concepts of the discipline of nursing. Topics include the history and image of nursing, scope of practice and professional roles, research, and lifelong learning. Students develop the ability to assess an individual's state of health from a holistic perspective, using Neuman's Systems Model as a theoretical framework. Emphasis is on the use of critical thinking and evidence-based practice. Taken concurrently with Nursing 302, 306, 308.


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Classroom and laboratory experiences in nursing and health assessment skills develop the student's ability to provide nursing care. Opportunities are provided to apply knowledge from the liberal arts and nursing theory to simulated patient care situations. Individual practice sessions in the nursing laboratory are expected. Performance testing determines readiness for the role of caregiver in a variety of clinical settings. Taken concurrently with Nursing 302, 304, 308.


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This course focuses on principles of pharmacology and care of the hospitalized adult. Topics include pain management, sleep and rest, and sensory perceptual alterations. Students apply the nursing process to the care of adults, with emphasis on the elderly. Using a holistic perspective, students collect and analyze information related to an individual's health status. Students begin to develop the professional role of caregiver and patient advocate. Taken concurrently with Nursing 302, 304, 306.


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This course emphasizes the health of communities and populations. Topics include population- based health issues such as environmental health, epidemiology and communicable disease. Students assess and screen individuals and families within communities, address identified needs and educate populations across the lifespan, collaborate with other health care professionals, make referrals, and participate in health promotion clinics. Clinical experiences occur in rural public health agencies and community-based programs. Prerequisite: Nursing 336.


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This course is a philosophical and theological reflection on the moral evaluation of war. Can war ever be morally justified? If so, what are the criteria for determining a war's just initiation, just conduct and just termination? Topics considered include a range of normative perspectives in their religious and secular expressions, e.g., principled and pragmatic pacifism, just war tradition, realism, crusader ethics, utilitarianism, Kantianism, communitarianism, natural-law theory, feminism. Prerequisite: completion of BTS-T. Offered annually.


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This seminar provides an introduction to psychology that focuses on psychological issues related to moral behavior. The course examines the nature of those states of mind that are thought to constitute moral (or evil) character and produce moral (or evil) actions, relationships, and societies. States considered may include humility, self-respect, beneficence, compassion, caring, anger, forgiveness, courage, and truthfulness. Open to first-year students and sophomores only. Offered every year.


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This course surveys the origins and development of Western philosophy starting with the pre- Socratics. Students explore the historical foundations of natural science, metaphysics, and ethics in the works of the pre-Socratics, Plato, Aristotle, Stoics, Epicureans, and Skeptics, usually through primary texts. The course concludes with a brief examination of some medieval attempts to synthesize the Greek philosophical tradition and the Judeo-Christian religious heritage. Prerequisite: one course in Philosophy or consent of instructor. Offered every year.


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This course is a philosophical inquiry into the core commitments of Christian theism in the context of other world religions and naturalism. Central themes include beliefs about the existence and nature of God, the doctrines of the trinity and incarnation, redemption and ritual, human free will and responsibility, revelation and reason, religious experience, the problem of evil, different views of life after death, miracles and historical inquiry, and religious pluralism. Offered every year.


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Philosophers have long been interested in art: its nature, its value, its meaning, and the standards by which it should be judged. This course investigates those issues and others related to creativity and the visual and other arts. Students develop their appreciation and understanding of the aesthetic properties of art by analyzing particular works in light of major texts in the philosophy of art and art criticism. Offered every year.


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This course examines the main Western ethical theories and their application to contemporary moral concerns. Theoretical issues may include rights, duties, virtue, hedonism, egoism, the relation between ethics and theology, the fact-value distinction, relativism, and pluralism. Students discuss current topics such as global economic justice, euthanasia and the death penalty, animal rights, censorship, racism, privacy rights versus public safety, reproductive ethics, and environmental ethics. Prerequisite: completion of BTS-T. Offered every year.


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Students investigate contemporary approaches to classical issues in metaphysics, which include the mind-body problem; personal identity and immortality; space and time; causality; and realism, anti-realism, and truth. Specific issues discussed vary from year to year. May be repeated if topics are different. Prerequisites: two courses in philosophy, one of which must be either 235 or 236, or permission of the department chair. Offered 2007-08 and every two years.


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This course considers a variety of topics in earth and environmental science. Beginning with the origin of the earth and planetary system, the course examines crustal evolution and plate tectonics, geologic resources and hazards, and the relationship of these surface phenomena to processes occurring in the earth's interior. It concludes with a study of the oceans, the atmosphere, the earth's climate system, and environmental change. Prerequisite: proficiency in algebra and geometry. Offered Fall Semester.


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This two-semester in-depth course addresses topics in classical and modern physics using algebra, geometry and some calculus. The course is well-suited for students of biology or chemistry or for those desiring a thorough introduction beyond the high-school level. Physics 124 takes up the Newtonian mechanics of point particles (motion, mass, force, torque, energy, momentum, and gravitation), Einstein's reexamination of space time (relativity), and nuclear physics. One laboratory per week. Prerequisite: Mathematics 120 or 122.


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This three-semester calculus-based sequence leads the student through the basic principles that account for the processes involved in baseballs, car engines, electrical power distribution systems, stereos, and black holes. It is the starting point for a major in physics and is also appropriate for majors in fields such as chemistry or mathematics who desire more mathematical depth than would be used in the two-semester 124-125 sequence.
Physics 126 is a study of Newtonian mechanics --- motion, forces, energy, gravity, and rotation. There is one 2.5 -hour laboratory meeting per week. Prerequisite: concurrent registration in (or previous completion of) Mathematics 120 or 121. Offered Fall Semester.


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Physics 228, the third course in the three-semester calculus-based sequence, treats electricity, magnetism, and electromagnetic waves. There is one 2.5 hour laboratory meeting per week. Prerequisites: Physics 127 and concurrent registration in (or previous completion of) Mathematics 220. Offered Fall Semester.


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This course is an analytical and computational study of Newtonian mechanics, including the harmonic oscillator, central force motion, non-linear oscillators, chaos, and an introduction to the Lagrangian formulation. Students use computers extensively. Prerequisites: Physics 127 and Mathematics 230. Offered Fall Semester.


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Students analytically investigate Quantum Theory, in which a particle's behavior is described through a statistically-interpreted wave function rather than through the concepts of Newtonian mechanics. Topics include an examination of the conceptual framework, solution of the Schrodinger Equation for systems such as the harmonic oscillator and the hydrogen atom and approximation methods for treating more complex systems and the interaction of radiation with matter. Prerequisites: Physics 244 and 374, Mathematics 226, and concurrent registration in Physics 386. Offered Fall Semester.


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In-depth study of particular topics done in a half-semester format. Topics are based on student interest and available staff. Generally offered as a pair of half-courses in one semester but students may enroll in only one. Pre-requisite: Physics 244 and Mathematics 230.


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The course examines continuity and change in Russian political culture. The institutions and politics between the Soviet and Post Soviet periods under the leadership of Yeltsin and Putin are explored. The course considers Russia as an energy-exporting state. The varied political developments of former Soviet republics in Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia are compared and contrasted. Offered Fall Semester.


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Mexicans dying to enter the U.S. Moroccans dying to enter Spain. Europeans reluctant to accept Turkey's EU bid out of fear of more migrants. Britons worried that migrants fuel terrorism. Headlines worldwide draw attention to transnational migration. This course covers explanations of entry control policy, integration and citizenship policy, and the political activities of migrants in the wealthy democracies. Alternative arguments emphasizing the role of economic interests, sovereignty, national identity, and gender are introduced.


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This is an advanced course in the area of political thought. The topic, either a detailed study of major works or themes in political philosophy, will vary with each offering.


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This course offers the opportunity to study our senses and sensibilities -- sensations of cold, tenderness and pain, perceptions of movement, pitch, symmetry, and color. Students participate actively in psychophysical, physiological, and perceptual laboratories and classes on vision, audition, somesthesis, and the chemical senses. The course includes lecture and laboratory work. Prerequisite: Psychology 125 or Neuroscience 234. Offered each year.


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The student is introduced to the study of relationships between the brain and behavior which lie at the heart of modern neuroscience. Study of the brain and behavior from anatomical, physiological and biochemical perspectives focuses on neural factors which contribute to basic behavioral processes including sensation, movement, emotion, sleep and arousal, motivation, learning and psychopathology. Prerequisite: Psychology 125 or Biology 123 or 125. Biology 123 or 125 strongly recommended. Offered each semester.


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Why are people prejudiced and how can we reduce prejudice? Why do people help others? What is self-esteem and how do we defend it? How does romantic attraction develop? What are emotions and how do they influence us? In this introduction to the ways people interact and think about each other, students design their own theories of social behavior. Prerequisite: Psychology 125. Offered each year.


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This seminar explores current research and theory, practices, and policies regarding child development from birth to age three. Students learn about prenatal development, birth and the newborn, physical development, the infant-caregiver relationship, infant cognition, and language development. Students also consider evidence about childcare, early intervention, and the influence of media and interactive toys designed for very young children. Cross-cultural comparisons highlight issues of diversity. Prerequisite: Psychology 231, and 241. Offered most years.


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What is the mind-body connection? We explore the major issues, theories, and interventions in health psychology. Students review evidence for the impact of psychological and behavioral factors on the immune system and health. Psychosocial approaches to the major diseases, their rationale, and the evidence supporting these interventions are examined. Introductory biology and psychopathology strongly recommended. Prerequisite: Psychology 231, 264, and 238 or Biology 123 or 125. Offered most years.


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This course introduces the central matters for argument in Christian theology -- God and Christ -- through close reading and critical analysis of selected classic (pre-1700) and modern theological texts. We will focus on the reasons supporting classic Christian beliefs about God, Christ and related topics and on the modern theological criticism of those beliefs. Is it still possible to be a Christian in the beginning of the 21st century? Prerequisite: BTS-B.


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This course focuses on autobiographical texts in which the writer describes his or her life in relationship to God. The course is based on the central Christian theological belief that God is known in historical experience. We study the different ways in which Christians have sought to understand Gods role in their lives by correlating their own experiences with the classic beliefs, symbols and values of the Christian faith. Prerequisite: BTS-B.


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The nature and boundaries of communities, as well as the quality of relationships within communities, are determined by theology as well as by social, political and ethnic factors. Students examine the ways in which the world's religions, particularly Christianity, have interpreted each other's significance and truth claims and considers the ethical implications of these different responses. Prerequisite: completion of BTS-T.


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Students examine traditional and recent Christian views of conscience, as well as alternative views and criticisms from various normative perspectives. Considering philosophical theories, psychological views, feminist thought, political issues and literary texts, students explore difficult cases of conscience. Prerequisite: completion of BTS-T.


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May be repeated if topics are different. Prerequisite: BTS-B. Fall 2007: Bound Sons, Interpretive Binds: Approaches to Biblical Interpretation.


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May be repeated if topics are different. Prerequisite: BTS-B. Fall 2007: The Jewish Holocaust: Precedents and Theological Implications. Spring 2008: "What is Christic, About the New Jesus?"


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Students continue their grammar, oral, and written work with an emphasis on conversation and reading selections from classical and contemporary Russian authors.


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This course facilitates oral and written use of the language through conversation and composition, English to Russian translation, selections from Russian literature, and original themes. Prerequisite: Russian Language and Area Studies 232 or special permission of instructor.


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This course traces the development of Russian literature from its medieval beginnings to the end of the 19th century. Students study a variety of genres including sagas, the novel, the short story and lyric poetry. Major authors to be studied include: Pushkin, Gogol, Turgenev, Dostoevsky and Tolstoy. Taught in English. No prerequisites.


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This course helps students explore the connections between society and their own lives. Students answer challenging questions such as "Do we have a 'human nature'?," "Why does social inequality exist?," "What is race?," and "How do societies change?" In answering these questions students learn to develop a sociological imagination. In doing so they review the various research methods and theories that form the sociological tradition. This course is primarily open to first year students or students in certain accredited programs. Offered both semesters.


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How do anthropologists study other cultures? Peoples around the world create different realities through the ways they conceptualize experience (cultures) and how they organize themselves to do what they need to do (societies). Anthropologists describe and compare cultures and societies, focusing on different aspects such as family and kinship, inequality and power, religion and values, economy and technology, cultural and social change. This course is primarily open to first year students or students in certain accredited programs. Offered both semesters.


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What do self-determination and cultural identity mean for Native American peoples today? Students examine the impact of colonization on Native American peoples, including federal policies, treaty rights, and sovereignty. Issues include economy and politics on reservations, family and gender roles, orality and literacy, persistence and revitalization of religious life and culture, urban life, and recent social movements and organizations. Offered Fall or Spring Semester.


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This class investigates death-related behavior from an American and cross-cultural structural perspective, seeking to understand patterns of social interaction surrounding and giving meaning to dying, death, and bereavement. Topics include: death meanings and anxiety, religion and death-related customs, the dying process, hospice as a social movement, biomedical issues, the funeral industry, death rituals, and the social understanding of the bereavement process. Offered Fall Semester.


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Students explore social, political, and religious movements, focusing on case studies of struggles utilizing both violent and nonviolent tactics. The course emphasizes the historical and cultural contexts of social movements, including tradition, ritual and symbolism, colonialism, national borders, and indigenous peoples. The role of cultural identities in the creation of communities of resistance and movements for social change is also a central issue. Offered Fall or Spring Semester.


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This course introduces students to anthropological theory and the "culture" of the discipline itself. Students examine anthropology's formation during the Industrial Revolution and the Age of Empire, which called for new explanations of human differences and gave new significance to the nature and meaning of "culture." They explore the method of participant observation research, the question of whether anthropology is a science, the problem of representing one culture to another, and the changing nature of ethnographic writing. Open to Sociology/Anthropology majors only. Offered Fall Semester.


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Students gain the skills necessary to conduct and critically evaluate quantitative research. Students learn the underlying theoretical assumptions and orientations of quantitative research, including research design, sampling techniques, strategies for data collection, and approaches to analysis. Students gain practice in data analysis by conducting a research project and using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), a standard in sociology. Open to Sociology/Anthropology majors only. Offered Fall Semester.


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Students expand their skills by continuing to listen, speak, read, and write on such topics as the concept of time, leisure activities, and culinary traditions in North American and Hispanic cultures and to work in the Language Lab. Prerequisite: Spanish 111 or placement. Offered Fall and Spring Semesters.


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Students explore the diverse histories, circumstances, and contributions of Latinos in the U.S. by reading essays, news accounts, short fiction and autobiographies, viewing videos and TV broadcasts. They consolidate their language skills and continue to develop their ability to analyze and communicate in Spanish by writing compositions, making oral presentations, and engaging in other interactive group activities. They also review Spanish structures difficult for speakers of English. Prerequisite: Spanish 231 or placement. Offered Fall and Spring Semesters.


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A first course in statistical methods for scientists, this course addresses issues for proposing/designing an experiment, as well as exploratory and inferential techniques for analyzing and modeling scientific data. Topics include probability models, exploratory graphics, descriptive techniques, statistical designs, hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, Bayesian inference, simple/multiple regression, and methods for censored data. Prerequisite: Mathematics 120, 121, or equivalent, and an introductory science course.


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This course emphasizes skills necessary to understand and analyze data. Topics include descriptive statistics, probability, and random variables, sampling theory, estimation, and classical hypothesis testing, and practical and theoretical understanding of simple and multiple regression analysis. Applications to economics and business problems use real data, realistic applications, and Minitab for Windows. Written reports link statistical theory and practice with communication of results. Prerequisite: Mathematics 120 or 121, and one of Economics 110-122, or consent of the instructor. Offered each semester.


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This course takes a case-study approach to the fitting and assessment of statistical models with application to real data. Specific topics include two-sample comparisons, simple linear regression, multiple regression, model diagnostics, logistic regression for focus on problem-solving tools, interpretation, mathematical models underlying analysis methods, and written statistical reports. Prerequisite: Statistics 110 or 212 or 263, or permission of instructor. Offered Fall and Spring Semesters.


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This course is an investigation of modern statistical theory along with classical mathematical statistics topics such as properties of estimators, likelihood ratio tests, and distribution theory. Additional topics include Bayesian analysis, censored data methods, missing data, and other computationally intensive methods. Prerequisite: Statistics 272 and Mathematics 262. Offered Fall Semester.


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Students study the progression of the U.S. social welfare system from English Poor Laws and the Social Security Act to contemporary reforms and how its components (public, private, faith-based) interrelate to serve diverse populations in cities and small towns. The development of social work, its values and knowledge and its relationship to fields of social welfare are included. Students shadow a social worker for eight hours. Offered Fall Semester.


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Humans relate to one another in couples, families, groups, organizations and communities. Through social systems theory, ethics and a strengths perspective, students apply prerequisite and advanced theoretical research material from biology, sociology, and psychology to assess situations encountered by social workers. Diverse examples are drawn from literature -- Love in the Driest Season, The Color of Water, A Poison Stronger than Love -- and from students' autobiographies. Prerequisites: Sociology 121, Psychology 241, and Biology 123 or 243; open to non-majors by permission of program director only. Offered Fall Semester.


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Social work majors study the "how-to" of social work practice, particularly intercultural communication. They describe strengths and problems of diverse individuals and families; frame goals and plans for change utilizing the planned change process and the systems perspective; and use ethical decision-making, informed by the scientific method, grounded in the liberal arts, and concerned with social justice. Students demonstrate learning in videotaped role playing and have an agency interviewing experience. Prerequisites: Social Work 221 and concurrent enrollment in Social Work 246. Offered Fall Semester.


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This course immediately precedes the Field Practicum (Social Work 380). Students integrate principles and skills of culturally competent assessment, planning, intervention, and evaluation diverse clients - micro, mezzo, and macro. They roleplay diverse practive situations and articulate implications of social policy for cross-cultural practice. Brief immersion opportunities in diverse communities are included. Prerequisite: Social Work 261. Offered in September each year, for majors only; additional fee.


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In this "real world" experience, social work majors complete at least 400 hours in a rural or urban agency with structured learning about generalist practice with individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities from diverse backgrounds. Students engage in professional responsibilities with careful guidance and supervision from the field instructor and the field coordinator. Students periodically attend a seminar to integrate classroom learning, share experiences and obtain support. Prerequisite: Majors who have satisfactorily completed all foundation and required courses with numbers below 380. Offered Fall Semester.


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This course focuses on the practices, techniques and materials used in the design and production of scenic and costume elements for stage performance. Course includes projects in costume production, scenery production, visual research, technical drawing, and costume and scenery design. A course fee is required. Open to majors and non-majors. No prerequisite required. Offered Fall Semester.


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A studio course for the student with previous acting experience. Through scene and monologue work students explore text and character analysis as well as the requirements of major theatrical period styles. Students perform regularly throughout the semester. The course requires trips to professional theaters in the Twin Cities. A ticket fee is required. Prerequisites: Theatre 110, and 130 or 131. Offered Fall Semester.


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This studio course focuses on the fundamentals of stage direction. Students develop skills of play selection, audience analysis, text interpretation, working with actors (including improvisational and technical approaches to voice and movement), stage picturization and blocking, design considerations, and the process of casting and rehearsals. A series of scenes are prepared and presented during the semester focusing on individual elements of stage direction. Prerequisites: Theatre 110, and 115 or 130 or 131. Offered Fall Semester.


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The design and production of lighting and sound in theater, dance, music and general presentation work plays a significant role in the experience of these events. This course introduces the production problems of lighting and sound and includes design projects in both lighting and sound. Course fee required. Open to all majors and non-majors. No prerequisite required. Offered Fall Semester.


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This theater practicum involves the student in the conceptual and practical processes of stage performance. Class sessions include and practical problem-solving and hands-on experiences for productions which are part of the St. Olaf Theater season. Experiences in scenery, props, costumes, lighting, sound, and publicity are available. Contact the Theatre Department Office for specific details. The theater practicum 253(a) is offered each semester; practicum 253(b) - covering omputer-aided design and drawing (CADD) - is offered Fall Semester. First-year students are encouraged to enroll. This course may be repeated; only four total registrations allowed.


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Examines theatrical activities, in the period 1700 to the present, from three interrelated perspectives 1) theater as social history, 2) theater as dramatic literature and 3) theater as performance; i.e. the result of creative decisions made by playwrights, actors, directors and designers. Prerequisite: Theatre 110. Offered Fall Semester 2007 and Fall Semester 2009.


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An investigation into the relationship between theater and society by studying various issues in theater arts including censorship, funding, arts advocacy and arts education. Issues of contemporary ethical concern will be discussed and analyzed through a variety of historical and contemporary normative perspectives. Prerequisite: Theatre 110; completion of BTS-T. Please inquire in the Theatre Department office about schedule of offering.


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Through a sequence of architectural design projects, students learn drawing (hand drafting and computer-aided drawing and design) and architectural design processes that require the integration of social, artistic, technical, and environmental issues typical of real projects. Visiting architects are involved. Field trips to experience spaces/places augment the studio work. Materials fee. Offered alternate years. Also counts toward management studies concentration. Prerequisite: ART 102 or ART 103 or ART 104 or permission of instructor.


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What kinds of stories do historians, writers, and artists tell about the cities in which they live? How are these stories reflected in the architecture and urban fabric of the cities themselves? And how do the geography and environment of Italy shape both the lore about a city and its actual built environment? To answer these questions, students explore the representations of Italian cities in literature and visual arts and the documented and architectural realities of urban development. The majority of the course focuses on a study of the city of Florence; students make shorter visits to other Italian cities and study the facts and fictions about each city's urban history.


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Students study Georgia O'Keeffe's New Mexican art, natural and cultural contexts. Three weeks at Ghost Ranch follow a week in Santa Fe with the Georgia O'Keeffe Museum and other resources. Discussions, readings, activities, and field trips help students gain insight into the desert as a source of spiritual quest and inspiration to nature writers and artists. They learn about Native American cultures and the region as a place women found liberation and scientists created the atom bomb. Also counts toward environmental studies, gender and sexuality studies, and women's and gender studies majors, and environmental studies, gender and sexuality studies, and women's and gender studies concentrations.


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Human health is affected by the biological environment, a teeming world of parasites and diseases, and the physical environment -- the water, air, and landscapes that we inhabit. Human interactions with the environment have changed rapidly, as human populations grow, travel increases, and ecosystems are altered. This course touches upon traditional environmental topics such as air and water quality, and integrates newer public health challenges such as emerging diseases and food-borne illnesses. Offered periodically. Also counts toward management studies and publich health studies concentrations. Prerequisite: an introductory science course.


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The idea of evolution forms the foundation for all modern biological thought. This course examines the processes of evolution in detail (selection, genetic drift, mutation, migration) and studies the methods by which biologists reconstruct the history of life on the planet. Advanced topics are explored through reading and discussion of journal articles. The social and historical context of evolutionary theory is discussed. Students attend lectures plus one three-hour laboratory per week. Also counts toward biomolecular science and mathematical biology concentrations. Prerequisite: BIO 233.


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Teams of science, engineering, nursing, and economics students research the potential for commercialization of a novel medical technology. Students gain experience with medical procedures, market research, the FDA approval process, financial analysis, the health insurance industry, business ethics, intellectual property law, and human subjects research ethics. At the end of this practicum, students write a business plan and deliver a professional presentation of their recommendations to staff at the partner company, investment group, or medical organization. Offered annually during Interim. Does not count toward biology major. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.


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Independent research is offered for students dedicated to an in-depth research experience. In conjunction with a faculty supervisor, a student conceives and performs a research project leading to the production of a major piece of work such as a research paper or poster presentation. Independent research requires permission of a supervisor and completion of an independent research form available at the Registrar's Office or its website. Prerequisite: determined by instructor.


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This course introduces physical chemistry with an emphasis on thermodynamics and kinetics of biologically relevant systems. Topics include probability as the driving force for chemical reactions; the relationship between chemical bonding energetics, entropy, and equilibria; oxidation-reduction reactions and electrochemistry; and rates of reactions, including enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Laboratory experiments and activities illustrate lecture topics and introduce new concepts. Offered during Interim. Prerequisites: CH/BI 125, and MATH 119 or MATH 120.


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This course introduces the fundamentals of bioanalytical chemistry and the application of modern analysis techniques to biological samples. Current clinical applications and examples of biological problems supplement lecture material. Daily lectures are closely integrated with laboratory experiences. Topics include different types of chromatography used to separate biological mixtures in various ways, 1D- and 2D-gel electrophoresis, capillary electrophoresis, radiochemical and immunological assays, centrifugation techniques, and biological mass spectrometry. Offered during Interim in alternate years. Also counts toward biomolecular science concentration. Prerequisites: CHEM 255 or CHEM 379 or permission of instructor.


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This course entails a careful reading of the Iliad and Odyssey - two of the earliest and most influential epics of human history - with attention to their Greek historical and cultural contexts. The course then explores some of the many reincarnations of Homer's epics in later generations, from Monteverdi's opera Return of Ulysses to David's painting Anger of Achilles to the Coen brothers' film O Brother, Where Art Thou? Offered periodically during Interim. Also counts toward ancient studies, Greek, and Latin majors.


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Coined by Mark Dery in "Black to the Future" (1994), the concept of Afrofuturism has its roots in the Middle Passage, as enslaved Africans yearned for a future free of bondage and oppression. Since the time of their kidnapping, African diasporic peoples have been dreaming of a future, a world, in which they are able to define and determine for themselves who they are and how they live, unencumbered by the various -isms in society. These "worlds" that have been created in the imaginations of African diasporic artists have led to a genre and cultural aesthetic known as Afrofuturism. This course provides an introduction to this genre and aesthetic that engages with key works of literature, music, film, and art that have defined and shaped Afrofuturism. Students leave the class with a better understanding of what Afrofuturism is, why it's significant, and the role they can play in shaping a world where Black people are free.


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In this interdisciplinary writing course, students respond to visual art, music, film/TV, and dance, not only writing about these art forms but also translating their formal qualities into writing (e.g., writing as riff, montage, or tango). By exploring literature’s relationship to the other arts and studying the work of artists and writers working across disciplines, students examine how artistic vision is shaped and gain a more capacious sense of the possibilities of language. Self-directed excursions, peer workshops, and in-class writing exercises spark new approaches to the creative process. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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This course gives students a hands-on opportunity to develop their use of writing strategies and technologies appropriate to workplaces. Course themes include workplace practices, professional ethics, technology resources, promotional resources, and writing on behalf of an organization. Students create individual and collaborative projects including employment documents, proposals, brochures, memos, and other professional genres. Through case studies, readings, and/or client-based projects, students analyze writing practices in a range of professional settings. Offered periodically. Also counts toward management studies concentration. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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Students engage in in-depth study of particular topics in engineering in a full-term. Topics are based on student interest and available staff. Potential course topics include Renewable Energy Systems, Fluid Dynamics, Signals and Systems, and Optics. Offered periodically. Prerequisites: PHYS 130 and PHYS 131 OR PHYS 124, PHYS 125, and CSCI 121 (or CSCI 125) and MATH 126 or equivalent.


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This course provides an on-campus immersion experience for students interested in improving their oral language proficiency. Students engage in small and large group discussion, give individual and group oral presentations, and review grammar and registers of language. They also explore the notions of communicative competence and oral proficiency in order to become more effective speakers. Taught in French. Offered during Interim. Also counts toward management studies concentration. Prerequisite: FREN 232 or FREN 235, or equivalent.


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This seminar examines the social and political role of warfare in ancient Greek and Roman history. Students investigate the concepts of war and peace by considering the role of the soldier within society, details of tactics and logistics, and the impact of warfare on both combatants and non-combatants alike. The seminar uses primary sources to examine these themes. Offered periodically. Also counts toward ancient studies and classics majors.


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This course explores the history of prosperity, privation, and peril that the U.S. experienced from 1920 to 1940. Between the 20th century’s two World Wars, Americans encountered economic expansion, widening inequality, and the Great Depression. Using secondary sources and primary sources--ranging from photographs and film to oral histories and government statistics--students investigate controversies over immigration, gender roles, youth, Prohibition, New Deal policy, labor, and race. Students focus on how historians use and interpret different types of primary sources to create and complicate narratives about this period, asking also how histories of the 1920s and 1930s shape our understanding of today’s world.


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Since 1492, Latin America has been a site of (often violent) coexistence between people from the Americas, Africa, Asia and Europe. This course examines race in Latin American history from 1492 to the present. We will ask how people created racial hierarchies through processes of colonization, enslavement and modernization, and examine how race has shaped peoples' access to physical security, social mobility and material well-being. With a focus on the politics and ideas of people who challenged white supremacy, we will assess the failures and successes of antiracist politics in Latin American history.


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This course explores various historical topics surrounding communities that live in, or have roots in, the region of Southeast Asia and beyond. Students in Transnational Histories will look at histories of interaction between people in and near Southeast Asia that transcend national boundaries and complicate our common notions of the nation as a discrete unit with set and impermeable bounds. Other topics include pre-modern trade systems, migration, encounters with colonialism, the Vietnam war, and diasporas.


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In consultation with their CIS advisor, students may register for this semester course, which is P/N. This optional course is generally used for an internship linked to the individual major.


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Technology is constantly pushing the boundaries of what is possible in the healthcare world today. This course will critically analyze the relationship between science and technology on the healthcare industry, healthcare practitioners, and health and wellness while providing hands-on opportunities and field trips to put these principles into practice. We will explore the origins of many medical/wellness devices, their core strategies, what problems they solve, and what makes them controversial or exciting technologies.


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This seminar integrates the liberal arts with the experience of work and the search for a vocation or career. Course content will include both an off-campus internship and on-campus class sessions that connect academic theories/analyses of work with their particular internship experience. Students will also consider and articulate the value of the liberal arts for their pursuit of a creative, productive, and satisfying professional life. Offered during Interim.


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This course beautifully illustrates the nature of mathematics as a blend of technique, theory, abstraction, and applications. The important problem of solving systems of linear equations leads to the study of matrix algebra, determinants, vector spaces, bases and dimension, linear transformations, and eigenvalues. Offered each semester and periodically during Interim. Also counts toward management studies concentration. Prerequisite: MATH 119, MATH 120 or CSCI 221.


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In this course students use topics in discrete mathematics to engage in problem solving, abstract mathematical thinking, and proof writing. Topics include logic, set theory, functions, and relations; elementary number theory; arithmetic and geometric progressions and graph theory. Also counts toward the computer science major and management studies concentration. Prerequisite: MATH 126 or MATH 128 or CSCI 221.


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This course explores algorithms for solving geometric problems. Topics include triangulations of polygons, convex hulls, Voronoi diagrams, polyhedra, shortest paths, and configuration spaces. This course can count as either the D or M perspective for the math major, and as an elective for the computer science major. Some prior experience in proof-based mathematics or computer programming is recommended.


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This practical course provides information needed for informed decision making in major areas of personal finance, including budgeting, basic tax planning, insurance, investments, major purchases and retirement planning. Offered during Interim. Does not count toward the finance or management area of emphasis within economics major, or the management studies concentration. Prerequisite: sophomore standing or above.


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The musical product is an artistic expression; acquiring the skills necessary to make good music depends on the performer's analytical thinking and good time management - also, at times, imagination. This performance-based course will help students develop good practice management skills, working with several strategies and techniques that may enable them to better discern and achieve their musical objectives. Offered periodically during Interim. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.


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Students study how music can engage and advocate for those on the margins of society, inspiring social justice movements. Analyzing historical and current events, class members design a musical project that can empower a people, group or organization in addressing moral and social problems such as racial inequality, rural or urban violence, or prison reform. A Christian normative framework, along with religious and secular alternatives, help guide the ethics implications pertaining to this subject. Offered periodically during Interim.


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The Nordic countries consistently top the list of the best places in the world to live, but what values have supported this outcome? This course examines three core Nordic values--equality, social solidarity, and sustainability--in light of Lutheran and secular traditions. Students examine texts that reflect how these core Nordic values developed and the current challenges facing them. Offered annually. Counts towards the Norwegian and Nordic Studies Majors and the Nordic Studies Concentration.


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Students continue developing proficiency in spoken and written Norwegian, increasing their vocabulary, improving grammatical accuracy, and gaining experience reading and listening to authentic materials. Offered annually in the spring semester. Prerequisite: NORW 111 or by placement test.


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This course explores linguistic and social processes that underlie language change with a focus on the Germanic language family. Students learn the fundamental methods of comparative historical linguistics to analyze the development of modern Germanic languages (e.g., English, German, Norwegian, etc.) from a common ancestor. These processes concern how language operates as a cognitive system, as well as core social factors that impact language practices. Students also learn to critically engage with linguistic scholarship and develop their research and writing skills through a project on a topic of their choosing. Offered periodically. Also counts toward German major; and linguistic studies, Nordic studies, and German studies concentrations. Prerequisites: LNGST 250 or NORW 231 or GERM 231 or permission of the instructor.


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Judo is an Olympic sport and martial art widely known for its dynamic throws, slick submissions, and grueling conditioning. However, the founder of judo also intended it to be a system of moral education rooted in the philosophical traditions of Japan. In this course students learn the physical aspects of judo through intensive practice and the philosophical aspects of judo through studying Zen Buddhism and the writings of judo's founder, Jigoro Kano. Offered during Interim. Also counts toward Asian studies major and concentration.


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This course takes a holistic, process approach to design. Student teams identify human-centered needs, define problems, develop and prototype solutions, test, redesign, and present final recommendations. This hands-on course emphasizes the application of scientific principles, analysis, and design to real world problems. Students write throughout the course to develop and share ideas. In the Interim, students attend lectures and a daily laboratory. In the full semester offering, students attend lectures and one 2.5-hour laboratory per week. Offered annually. Prerequisites: MATH 119 or MATH 120 and at least one of the following: PHYS 130, PHYS 124, CHEM 121, CHEM 122, CHEM 125, CH/BI 125, BIO 150, PSYCH 125, CSCI 121, or permission of instructor.


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This course offers an introduction to the physics of sound waves, the biological, physical and psychological origins of sound perception, and the synthesis of sounds and sound production in different instruments. Students explore these topics, as well as sound recording and reproduction systems, through lectures, discussions, laboratory experiments, and student presentations. Offered during Interim. Prerequisite: proficiency in algebra and geometry. Musical experience is helpful but not required.


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Psychopaths, blazing a path of disregard and devastation through life, are a chilling example of the darker side of humanity. Students critically compare psychopathy as portrayed in the popular media to psychology's theoretical and empirical understanding. They explore questions such as: What are the hallmark characteristics of a psychopath? Where can psychopaths be found? What causes psychopathy? Students also examine the question of what the existence of psychopathy means for the rest of us. Offered periodically during Interim. Prerequisite: PSYCH 125.


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What is diversity? Who is impacted by diversity? How is diversity studied? In this discussion-based course, students unpack issues on diversity relating to identity, power, and privilege with a particular emphasis on race and ethnicity in the United States. Students use theory and research from social psychology to examine individual, interpersonal, and societal factors that shape the way people perceive and respond to difference. Finally, students discuss strategies for reducing intergroup bias and inequality. Offered periodically. Also counts toward race and ethnic studies concentration. Prerequisite: PSYCH 230.


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Students have the opportunity to work in depth on a research project of interest under the supervision of a member of the psychology department faculty. Offered each semester. Depending on course topic, may count toward the neuroscience concentration. Prerequisite: STAT 110, STAT 212, or ECON 260; PSYCH 230; four additional courses in the department; and permission of instructor. PSYCH 298 is strongly recommended.


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Students analyze 16th-century reform movements in light of their theological and historical contexts and their significance for contemporary theology. The course focuses on contributions and lives of the major figures in the Protestant Reformations (e.g., Luther, Calvin, Zwingli) and the Roman Catholic Reform. Offered periodically. Also counts toward German studies concentration.


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This course provides a critical analysis of the development of Christian thought in the Middle Ages and Reformation, 11th through 16th centuries. Particular attention is paid to the great theological systems of the Middle Ages and to the theological aims of the 16th-century reforming movements, drawing upon readings from Anselm, Aquinas, Bonaventure, Luther, Calvin, and others. Offered periodically. Also counts toward medieval studies major.


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How might the Christian ethical systems that have dominated western culture look different if women's experiences and perspectives had been more centrally included? This course focuses on the continuities and contrasts between traditional Jewish and Christian ethics and the feminist and womanist ethical challenges to them which have emerged over the last quarter century. Offered periodically. Also counts toward gender and sexuality studies major and concentration.


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Students analyze selected contemporary issues in Spain, Latin America, and/or the Hispanic U.S. Using readings from the press, academic sources, and governmental as well as non-governmental documents, students read, discuss, and write about issues at an advanced level of linguistic and analytical sophistication. The course includes study of at least one substantive literary work. Possible themes include love, family and marriage, or crossing borders and the challenges of migration. Taught in Spanish. Offered alternate years during Interim. Also counts toward Latin American studies major and management studies concentration. Prerequisite: SPAN 250 or SPAN 251.


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The course investigates issues in health-related settings using a quantitative, research-oriented perspective. Course material focuses on global and public health issues, study design, methods for analyzing health data, and communication of research findings. Design topics include controlled trials, case-control, cohort and other observational studies. Methods include survival analysis and causal inference for observational studies. Communication emphasizes writing up findings and interpreting published research. Also counts toward mathematical biology concentration. Offered alternate years. Prerequisite: completion of STAT 272 or permission of the instructor.


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Students explore service to human beings as a profession, both vocation and avocation. Who needs help? Who helps? Where? How? What motivates people to help? Using the liberal arts as a foundation for helping people, students study opportunities in areas such as health care, social services, ministry, youth work, and the arts. The class includes lectures, discussions, speakers, and field visits. Open only to first-year students. Offered annually in Interim. Does not count toward social work major.


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This course studies theater performance through the full-scale mounting of a production during the month of January, with public performances at the end of Interimm or the beginning of spring semester. Students enroll in the class through either an acting audition or a production position interview held in late October or early November. No previous experience is necessary. Selected participants are notified prior to Interim registration. Details about the audition/interview are available online at the Theater Department website. Scripts are available in the Theater Department office. P/N only. Offered during Interim.


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Designed for the student with previous course work and production work in theater, this course studies theater performance through the full-scale mounting of a production during the month of January, with public performances at the end of the Interim or the beginning of spring semester. Students enroll in the course through either an acting audition or a production position interview held in late October or early November. Selected participants are notified prior to Interim registration. Details about the audition/interview are available online at the Theater Department website. Scripts are available in the Theater Department office. P/N only. Offered during Interim. Prerequisites: THEAT 133 or permission of instructor; concurrent registration in THEAT 233 or THEAT 253 (0 credit option) required.


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Hope, based on expectations of opportunity, and fear, grounded in cataclysms, shape everyday life and the United States' role in the world. Fears underlie conflicts between groups; hope animates social movements and energizes human rights initiatives. This course prepares students to be engaged citizens on campus and beyond. A culminating civic engagement experience draws from previous American Conversations assignments. Students will help design part of the course, shaping future conversations of hope and fear. Offered annually in the spring semester. Prerequisites: AMCON 110, AMCON 111, and AMCON 210.


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This course focuses on the creative use of digital video as a tool to generate experimental films and video art. Students study all aspects of production from concept to screening, including idea generation, pre-production planning, storyboarding, lighting, shooting, editing, and sound design. Students regularly screen, analyze, and discuss contemporary and historic examples of time-based media. During the semester students produce a variety of short videos and films, exploring experimental, narrative, and documentary approaches. Materials fee. Offered alternate years. Also counts toward film and media studies major and film and media studies and management studies concentrations. Prerequisite: ART 104 or permission of instructor.


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Drawing the human form from life has been a mainstay in the training of artists since the Renaissance because of its unparalleled discipline in the training of the eye. Along with becoming better observers, students reach a personal understanding of the figure and an appreciation of its art-historical uses. Various media and techniques are explored as a means to understand the expressive possibilities of the figure. Materials fee. Offered alternate years. Prerequisite: ART 102.


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This course examines the connections between art created ca. 300-1500 in Africa and Europe. At the core of the course are three recent museum exhibitions: one on medieval Saharan Africa, one on Byzantium and Africa, and one on Ethiopian art.


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Students will learn about the history of art on the Korean peninsula. Beginning in the neolithic era, they will survey significant artistic developments through the Three Kingdoms, Koryo, and Choson periods, in addition to works from the twentieth and twenty-first century. Students engage with a range of media, including ceramic vessels, sculptures, paintings, textiles, and works of architecture in their chronological investigation of key artifacts and artistic traditions across space and time.


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In this course, students explore Transatlantic Visual Culture, an emerging field of art historical scholarship that endeavors to accomplish these goals: 1) Study the movement of people, objects, and ideas as they have moved throughout Africa, the Americas, and Europe; 2) acknowledge this movement as rooted in systems of colonialism and slavery; 3) move toward methodologies that are transcultural and transnational; and 4) value a wide variety of visual materials as worthy of investigation, beyond what has been traditionally considered "fine art."


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This course introduces the religious and philosophical traditions of China and Japan: Confucianism, Chinese Taoism, Buddhism, Japanese Shinto, and the folk traditions. Students read classical texts such as Zhuangzi and Mencius and analyze fundamental values and concepts such as Tao, yin/yang, and humaneness. Offered periodically. Counts toward Asian studies, Chinese, Japanese, and religion majors and Asian studies concentration.


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Students examine contemporary Buddhist moral teachings on social issues such as violence and peacemaking, human rights and social justice, and humanity and the environment. Coursework focuses on the writings of Vietnamese monk and peace activist Thich Nhat Hanh, Tibetan leader-in-exile Tenzin Gyatso (Fourteenth Dalai Lama), American ecologist Joanna Macy, and others. Students consider the moral paradigms of Christianity and Buddhism: Christ and the Bodhisattva. Offered annually. Counts toward Asian studies, Chinese, Japanese, and religion majors and Asian studies concentration.


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The final course in the Asian Conversations program will provide critical reflections on the students' academic and personal journey in the Asian Conversations program in particular, and in the college as a whole. Students examine diverse interpretations of Asia, engage with various primary and secondary texts through written and oral presentations, including materials collected during January Term, and conclude their overall experiences from their past two years in the learning community and beyond. Offered annually in the spring semester. Counts toward Asian studies, Chinese, and Japanese majors and Asian studies concentration. Prerequisite: CHIN 231 or JAPAN 231, and ASCON 215 or ASCON 216.


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This course explores the evolution of and the imagined possible worlds in Asian science fiction, which has proven to be a media-hopping genre, from the early 20th-century to the present. The quest thus will traverse short stories, novels, manga, anime, and films. Emphasis is placed on close readings of primary sources, the historical moments that prompt the texts' science fictional musings, and their cross-cultural appeals. All readings and viewings will be available in English translations. Offered alternate years. Counts toward Asian Studies, Chinese, and Japanese majors as well as Asian Studies concentration.


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Students read a selection of 20th & 21st century Japanese literary works written by women. Close readings and class discussions focus on representations of the (female) body and bodily/embodied experiences in the assigned texts. What do these representations reveal about specific social contexts and gendered roles/expectations in Japanese society? Gender is a primary analytical concern, and students must feel comfortable reading about and discussing gender, sexuality, and the body. All course materials are read in English translation. No knowledge of Japanese is required.


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This interdisciplinary course explores the timeless concept of the hero from both Asian and Western traditions. Classical heroes will be analyzed along with those featured in contemporary films, fictions, comics, and pop culture. The main goal is to compare and examine how heroes have informed intellectual, artistic, and moral traditions in various cultures and how heroic ideas were spread, transformed, and re-imagined to suit the needs of their times. Offered periodically. Also counts toward Chinese and Japanese majors.


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A capstone experience offering an opportunity to pursue a research project and to discuss issues of general interest to students of Asia. This seminar proceeds along two tracks: one focusing on discussion of readings of general interest to Asian Studies students, the other devoted to research,writing, and presenting findings to the class. Offered annually. Also counts toward Chinese and Japanese majors. Prerequisites: junior or senior Asian Studies, Chinese, or Japanese major.


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The study of global change and human environmental impacts requires students to link concepts from biology, chemistry, and physics. Students investigate these links by exploring current theories in biogeochemistry, with an emphasis on understanding the feedback between physical and ecological processes and the coupling of multiple element cycles. Students attend lectures plus one three-hour lab per week. Laboratory activities focus on a practical exploration of the methods biogeochemists use, including experience with a variety of instruments. Also counts toward mathematical biology concentration. Prerequisite: any level II biology, chemistry, or physics course or permission of instructor.


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This course explores the science of microbiology and the impact of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and prions) on human affairs and daily life. Topics include microbial diversity, cell structure and function, growth and metabolism, genetics, control of microbial growth, host-pathogen interactions, immunology, infectious disease, and applied microbiology. Each topic provides a basis for discussion of current issues where microorganisms play a role. Students attend lectures plus one two-hour laboratory per week. Offered annually. Also counts toward public health studies concentration.


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The ability to reproduce is one of the key features of a living organism. Studying the biology of reproduction requires a synthesis of information and concepts from a wide range of fields within biology. This course addresses reproduction at the genetic, organismal, and population levels. Laboratory work adds a valuable investigative component to the course, and social/psychological issues are addressed throughout. Students attend lectures plus one three-hour laboratory per week. Counts as "comparative organismal biology" core category. Also counts toward gender and sexuality studies major and concentration if approved by petition. Prerequisites: BIO 150 or permission of instructor.


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This course provides a comprehensive research opportunity, including an introduction to relevant background material, technical instruction, identification of a meaningful project, and data collection and analysis. The topic is determined by the faculty member in charge of the course and may relate to his/her research interests. This course does NOT meet the level III biology requirement for the biology major because it does not fulfill the Writing in the Major requirement. However, it can count as an elective for the biology major. Offered based on department decision. May be offered as a 1.00 credit course or .50 credit course. Prerequisite: determined by individual instructor.


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This practical course provides information needed for informed decision making in major areas of personal finance, including budgeting, basic tax planning, insurance, investments, major purchases and retirement planning. Offered during January Term. Does not count toward the finance or management area of emphasis within economics major, or the management studies concentration. Prerequisite: sophomore standing or above.


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This course investigates the legal framework in which business enterprise is conducted, including personal rights and duties, contracts, sales, agency, negotiable personal rights and duties, negotiable instruments, bailments, personal property and corporate obligations, and equities. Offered annually in the spring semester. Prerequisite: one of Economics 110-121 and sophomore standing or above, or permission of instructor.


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The field of chemistry is constantly expanding into new frontiers. This course provides an in-depth study of advanced topics that are chosen with attention to student interest and available staff. Recent topics include biophysical chemistry and environmental chemical analysis.Topics are announced prior to registration for the term; see the current class and lab schedule. May be repeated if topic is different. Also counts toward environmental studies major (all emphases) and concentration when taught with environmental science focus and approved by chair. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.


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This course provides continued practice in speaking, reading, and writing at the third-year-level. Our text introduces students to Chinese geography and history and modern written style. Conducted entirely in Chinese. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward Asian studies major and management studies concentration. Prerequisite: CHIN 301 or placement.


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This course provides continued practice in speaking, reading, and writing at the third year-level. Our text introduces students to Chinese geography and history and modern written style. Conducted entirely in Chinese. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward Asian studies major and business and management studies concentration. Prerequisite: CHIN 301 or placement.


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In this fourth-year-level Chinese course, students explore a specified topic or theme in language, in various text/media (literature, newspaper, television, and film), in culture/civilization, or in a combination of these, through close examination of texts (written or visual), discussion, analysis, and interpretation of selected materials. Specific topics vary by instructor and semester. May be repeated if topic is different. Taught in Chinese. Offered annually. Also counts toward Asian studies major. Prerequisite: CHIN 302 or placement.


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This course takes students on an exciting journey back to the world of the ancient Romans, a land of republic and empire, oratory and elegy, brick and marble--and much more. Students explore ancient Roman society from an interdisciplinary perspective, analyzing its literature, art, and ideas in the light of their historical and cultural contexts. The course ranges far, both chronologically and geographically, from the Tiber River to the shores of Carthage to Hadrian's Wall. Offered alternate years. Also counts toward ancient studies, Greek, and Latin majors.


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This course combines close study of ancient texts (in English translation) with wide-ranging discussions of literary, historical, and cultural questions. Students have the opportunity to read selections from one or more genres of Greek and/or Latin literature while exploring a topic chosen by the instructor. Analytical writing assignments lead to a deeper understanding of the creative process and encourage thoughtful reflection on the re-creating and repurposing of the original texts by later authors and artists. Offered annually. Counts as an elective and satisfies WIM for Classics, Greek, Latin, and Ancient Studies majors. Prerequisite: WAC (any course satisfying Writing Across the Curriculum) or permission of instructor.


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Students learn about formal languages, automata, and other topics concerned with the theoretical basis and limitations of computation. The course covers automata theory including regular languages and context-free languages, computability theory, complexity theory including classes P and NP, and cryptographic algorithms. Offered alternate years. Also counts toward neuroscience and linguistic studies concentrations. Prerequisite: a proof writing course (such as MATH 232, MATH 244, or MATH 252) or permission of instructor.


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Class members participate in undergraduate research, including readings from the research literature, team development of project software, ethical analysis of their project applying CSCI 263 principles, documentation practices, and writing a research paper for public presentation. Offered annually. Prerequisites: major in computer science with senior standing, and completion of or concurrent enrollment in computer science core courses, ordinarily including CSCI 353 and CSCI 263, or permission of instructor.


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This course provides students with an introduction to ballet technique, vocabulary, proper body alignment, and body awareness. Outside work includes practicing, reading, writing, and concert attendance. May be repeated. P/N only. Offered annually.


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This course focuses on social dance forms performed in pairs. Students work on developing the skills necessary for success with such forms, including communicating non-verbally with a partner, particularly in lead/follow situations; giving weight and counter-balancing with a partner; rotating as a pair while progressing around the floor, etc. Repertoire for the class includes a range of social/vernacular dance forms such as Viennese waltz, salsa rueda, rumba, schottische, and hambo, among others. May be repeated. Offered alternate years, usually in the spring semester. Prerequisite: DANCE 106 or DANCE 108 or DANCE 109 or DANCE 206 or permission of instructor.


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Students trace and integrate the African-American and Euro-American dance traditions of the late 19th century, 20th century, and early 21st century. The course focuses on the theatrical dance genres of:ballet, modern, and jazz (includes tap and some musical theater dance) and also examines social dance as the predecessor of some theatrical dance genres. The course also attends to the economic, religious, political, and social forces that have affected the development of dance in the United States, particularly race, ethnicity, and gender and the intersection with other forms of structured inequality. Video examples supplement reading, live dance viewing, physical exploration, class lecture, mid-term and final exams, writing assignments, and discussion. No dance experience required. Ticket/transportation fee required. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward race and ethnic studies and gender and sexuality studies majors and race and ethnic studies and gender and sexuality studies concentrations.


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Students investigate a specific topic in dance through lecture, readings, class discussions, the viewing of live and recorded dance, and group projects. Potential topics could include dance and social justice, politics and the performing arts, dance and gender, dance aesthetics and ethics. Topics vary from term to term. May be repeated if topic is different. Offered periodically.


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This course applies the tools of economic theory to contemporary macroeconomic issues in the U.S. and the world economy. Topics include inflation, economic growth, unemployment, recessions, financial crisis; the labor market, income inequality; the role of fiscal and monetary policy in stabilizing the economy, and macroeconomics of pandemics. Students learn how to write policy papers and engage in macroeconomic policy debates. Students are also introduced to Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) Models. Prerequisite: one of ECON 110-121 or permission of instructor.


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This course provides a global perspective on economic development and introduces students to analytic tools that empower them to investigate causes of, and potential solutions to, underdevelopment. Students further develop and apply their learning in the context of a specific country of their choosing, about which they research and write throughout the semester. Counts toward Quantitative Research requirement for the Quantitative Economics major. Prerequisites: ECON 261 and ECON 262 and one of ECON 260 OR (STAT 272 and ECON 384) OR (STAT 272 and ECON 385).


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This course provides a theoretical and practical foundation for assisting secondary readers. Students learn the essentials of good reading instruction and apply them in the development of a literature unit. Required 10-hour field experience. Offered annually in the first-half of the spring semester. Also counts toward linguistic studies concentration. Prerequisites: EDUC 330 or permission of instructor.


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This course examines basic assumptions about social science, primal thought, feminism, humanities, history, post-modernism, and thematic social studies. Students pursue methodologies of structuring knowledge and the means of advancing knowledge in each discipline. Students learn how to relate their social studies subject matter to the total social studies curriculum. Offered annually in the spring semester. Prerequisite: EDUC 295 or permission of instructor.


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This course provides practical information specifically relevant to the field of visual arts and art education. Students learn basic concepts about child growth, developmental stages, learning styles, and varied classroom approaches. They participate in classroom observations and practical applications of classroom activities, prepare units of instruction, and microteach. Topics include arts advocacy, interdisciplinary instruction, assessment, and teaching art history. Required 10-20 hour field experience component. Offered periodically in the spring semester. Prerequisite: EDUC 330.


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This course prepares pre-service communication arts/literature teachers to share their love of the English language with secondary students. Attention is given to the theory and techniques of teaching writing, literature, reading, speech, listening, and media literacy. In addition, students explore topics including multicultural literature, adolescent literature, responding to and evaluating writing, unit planning in the language arts, and the Common Core State Standards for Literacy. Required 20-hour field experience component. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward linguistic studies concentration. Prerequisite: EDUC 330.


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This course addresses the reception of migrants in relationship to education and ethics. Students interrogate laws, policies, practices, and foundational belief systems involved in immigration while learning about normative perspectives in ethics. They interrogate best practices for teaching and interacting with refugees, immigrants and immigrant communities that reflect moral responsibility. Required for ESL licensure, and highly relevant for all educators and those interested in immigration. 10-hour service component working with migrants in the community. Open to juniors and seniors. Offered annually in the fall semester.


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This course introduces students to literary analysis through dramatic texts and performances. Activities may include trips to see local productions, student in-class performances, staged readings, and viewing filmed productions. Plays are drawn from varied genres, two or more historical periods, and both traditional and experimental approaches. Offered periodically.


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Students read and discuss children's literature from Britain and the United States. Beginning with fairy tales and classics from the "golden age" of children's literature, students explore an array of picture books, poetry, and fiction, that exemplifies the best in fantasy and realism for children and young adults. Offered annually. Also counts toward gender and sexuality studies major and educational studies and gender and sexuality studies concentrations. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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In this course, students read a series of memoirs to investigate the way Christianity has shaped individual people. From snake-handling to baptism, from icon-kissing to communion, from creeds to purity promises, Christian beliefs and practices can, by turns, prove to be life-giving, oppressive, disturbing, and salvific. How does emphasizing differing aspects of theology result in differing attitudes toward sexuality, gender, race, and the environment? In addition to approaching the memoirs from a critical perspective, students also identify and practice craft techniques as they write their own personal religious (or areligious) narratives. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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In this course, students will analyze graphic novels and other visual narratives (graphic memoirs, journalism, and history, for example) through a literary lens to interrogate the possibilities, and limitations, of visual storytelling. In addition to examining the form of the assigned works, students will consider questions of audience and global representation in crafting graphic narratives. Which creators can, or should, represent whose stories, both visually and textually? Do images make graphic novels more widely understood than a strictly textual work? This course equips students with the requisite analytical skills to raise these questions and others about graphic narratives in global contexts. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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Students explore what it means to be literate in an age of new media by reading critical scholarship and comparing the ways they read, interpret, and learn from digital texts to ways they read, interpret, and learn from print media. In their final, digital project, students critically examine the use of new media to make humanities scholarship more public. Offered annually. Also counts toward media studies concentration. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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This course explores the inner workings of the publishing world from literary magazines to book publishers. Students explore the modern history and trends of publishing in America, as well as engage with hands-on projects that both illuminate readings and offer insight into the daily practices of writers and literary gatekeepers. Projects may include the drafting of a proposal for a hypothetical literary magazine, reading submissions for a magazine, and conducting a podcast interview. Offered annually. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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In this course students read contemporary poetry and write intensively, exploring the writer's craft. Students peer-edit each other's writing. Prerequisites: WRIT 120 or equivalent and at least sophomore status.


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Students learn the techniques of screenwriting, including how to write a treatment, to create backstories, and to break down scenes. Each student produces and revises a narrative screenplay. Also counts toward film and media studies major and concentration. Prerequisites: WRIT 120 or equivalent and at least sophomore status.


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Students study individuals or groups of authors, looking at themes such as the individual as cultural hybrid, the place of politics in literature, ethnocentrism and imperialism. They examine the formation of literature from the clashes of culture, and the relationship between non-traditional literary forms and traditional European aesthetics. May be repeated if topic is different. Prerequisites: ENGL 185 plus at least two English courses at level II, or permission of the instructor.


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Students deepen and strengthen their work in creative nonfiction. Class sessions are devoted to development of writing strategies and analysis of professional and student writing. Prerequisites: ENGL 291 or permission of the instructor.


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The deepest parts of the oceans are famously unexplored. Only 20% of the ocean has rigorously been measured for depth, discoveries of new deep sea species abound each year, and surveys suggest deep ocean sediments may contain a wealth of untapped natural resources. Why has the deep ocean remained so far from human reach? In this course, we will investigate the challenges of making deep sea observations, the scientific innovations enabling us to access the deepest parts of the ocean, the other-worldly organisms that inhabit deep sea ecosystems, and the potential for human ravaging of these relatively untouched places. We will also pay special attention to the roles of curiosity, risk, failure, and perseverance in exploration - both in ocean exploration specifically and in exploring our own personal spaces. These ideas will be examined by reading and discussing case studies of ocean exploration and analyzing oceanographic data.


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Tens of millions of people have taken the test. They've spit into a tube and mailed a sample to a direct-to-consumer (DTC) DNA testing facility such as 23andMe or Ancestry in the hopes of learning more about who they are. But what do these tests really do and what can we learn from our DNA? In this course we use case studies, popular-science works, interviews, essays and videos to learn what the information in our DNA can (or cannot) tell us about who we are. Students explore questions such as who gets tested and why? Can the DTC companies deliver on their promises of determining our ancestry, helping us find family members or assigning our risk for certain diseases? What happens to our data and what are some of the unanticipated surprises - both good and bad - that can result from testing? Students grapple with the ethical and societal implications of DTC DNA testing including the Eurocentric bias in reference databases, the use of DNA to solve crimes, and the right to privacy. Students work individually and collaboratively to develop research questions, investigate resources, and complete a group project to develop, promote and truthfully advertise a fictional DTC DNA testing company.


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Have you noticed that despite our unprecedented access to news, entertainment, and social networks, it can often seem harder to stay informed and easier to feel disconnected? This feeling has a history, and this course follows the rise of the modern media--from the transnational networks built in the 19th century to the growth of broadcast media in the 20th and the rapid spread of social media in the 21st. We not only explore the histories of technological change (the telegraph, the television, and the internet), but also grapple with the questions they have raised about knowledge, free speech, social fracture, and the future of democracy. Of course, our daily experience of media is deeply personal, and through a series of readings, conversations, and short essays we discover why our media landscape appears the way it does and how we can find a stable and healthy orientation within it.


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In this course we will explore the world of ancient Greek myth as it appears in the remains of 5th-century BCE satyr plays. These tragi-comic musicals were designed for performance in the late afternoon, after the Athenian spectators had just watched three tragedies in a row and were in the mood for a less serious way to end the festival day. To help us understand what made satyr plays so popular, we will also take on the challenge of staging a live performance of one of them, in collaboration with students and teachers from K-12 schools in the Northfield area. The first part of the semester will be spent reading, writing, and talking about Greek satyr plays, searching for links between them and modern forms of entertainment. After that, we will pool our talents to adapt and perform Sophocles' Ichneutae ("The Trackers"), which focuses on Apollo's search for his missing herd of cows but wittily interweaves that plot with Hermes' invention of the lyre. Although experience with theater, skill in music, knowledge of ancient Greek, and familiarity with cows would all be helpful, only a sense of humor is required.


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Movement and dance encourages the exploration of complex ideas through investigation, knowledge, and expression of the body. Dance embodies both historical and cultural values and also awakens new perceptions which help you learn and think in new ways. Over the course of the semester, we will consider the role of movement and dance as a vital form of human expression, understanding, communication, and interaction. Come and be "moved" by the power of dance. This seminar will involve lecture, discussion, and several experiential movement labs. No dance experience required.


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What does it mean to be an "emerging adult," and what skills can you develop at college to help you thrive after you graduate? How and why do views of young adulthood vary among cultures and families? In this course, you will reflect on adult responsibilities such as fending for yourself, finding a vocation, managing your money, practicing self-care, making independent decisions, being civically engaged, and practicing mindfulness and gratitude. You will explore your own emerging adult identity along with the things that may be holding you back from wanting to, having to, and learning how to be an adult. Assignments will include popular and academic source readings, weekly reflective essays, small and large group discussions, and a service project in Northfield. This class has an ACE component.


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What does the perfect world look like and what conditions would transform it into a nightmare? Answers to these questions will vary from person to person and across time and space, as seen in works of utopia and dystopia like Thomas More's Utopia, Ursula Le Guin's The Dispossessed, or Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale. Students in this course explore a selection of such writings. Considering what others have sought or feared when designing fictional worlds builds a foundation for exploring our own political desires and goals. The utopias and dystopias thus serve as reflective tools for analyzing the ethical and political values of our world. Students critically examine what we consider to be "normal" in society while also imagining possible alternative futures. Through class conversations and assignments, students further reflect on what it means to inhabit a community of shared political and moral vision.


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What changes in the room when the conductor raises their baton? Or the lights go down and a single voice wafts through a cathedral? Or when a choir sings a particular chord, and without a conscious decision, the hair raises on your arms? What is it that can move a crowd of thousands to rise to their feet and dance? This class will explore how music barges into our lives with few boundaries and causes us to react. We will explore how music can lower blood pressure and ease our thoughts, but can also do the opposite. We will attend concerts and rehearsals, interview musicians, and scientists, all in an exploration of what it means to experience music. We will also work on discovering how culture, society and the common person relates and reacts to melody and rhythm. As a class and in our own experiences we will reflect and raise questions and search for answers both scientific and perhaps mysterious. We will have discussions on the rhythm of life through music.


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Students examine current issues in German-speaking societies such as politics, sustainability, social welfare, diversity, and migration. They compare multiple perspectives on, and connections between the issues through sources including documentaries, podcasts, and news articles. Short writing assignments and oral presentations emphasize analysis of texts' strategic organization, argumentative structure, style, and layered voices. Advanced grammar review supports analytical tasks. Taught in German. A weekly small group discussion section led by a native German speaker is required. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward management studies concentration. Prerequisite: GERM 232 or by placement test.


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Students explore an interdisciplinary topic in language, literature, history, or culture through close reading, discussion, analysis, and interpretation of selected works, including theoretical texts. Recent topics: identities and boundaries of the German-speaking world. Taught in German. May be repeated if topic is different. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: at least one 270-level course.


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Students translate selections from one or more genres of ancient Greek literature while exploring a specific topic or theme chosen by the instructor. Close study of the text is combined with discussion of broader literary, historical, and cultural questions. Sample topics: "Tales of Odysseus," "Hellenistic Greek," "Famous Speeches in Ancient Greek Texts." Offered periodically. Prerequisite: GREEK 231 or equivalent.


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This course explores the rise and fall of English piracy in the Caribbean, from its origins during the reign of Elizabeth I to the emergence of the so-called "Golden Age" of piracy in the early 18th century. Students investigate the ways in which piracy advanced and then later threatened the imperial goals of the English state and examine the enduring appeal of pirates in the popular imagination. Offered periodically.


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Selected topics in historical studies, depending on instructor. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: first-year student standing.


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This course surveys European history and culture since the Reformation. Topics include the impact of Protestantism, the development of nation-states, the Enlightenment, revolutionary ideas and experiences, the Napoleonic era, imperialism, mass political movements, and global warfare. Through original texts, historical studies, and literature, students explore relations among religions, states and societies and understandings of liberty and reason, natural environments, family life, and gender roles. Offered annually. Also counts toward gender and sexuality studies major and concentration.


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Students explore modern German history from the Enlightenment through the establishment of a modern German nation-state (1871), two World Wars and their aftermath, up to the late Cold War period when the question of how to frame Germany’s modern history became a matter of public debate. By examining primary sources in English translation, critical historiography, and ethical perspectives, students learn not just the major turns in modern German history, but consider the ethical implications of revolutionary and revolutionizing movements and the ethics of history-writing itself. Students hone skills of interpretation and argumentation in writing and speaking. No prerequisites. Offered periodically. Counts toward German major, History major, German Studies concentration, International Relations concentration.


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This course begins with the Communist revolution of 1917 and traces the growth of the Soviet Union under Lenin, Stalin, and their successors. Students analyze the "crisis" of the Soviet system in order to explain why the last of the European empires collapsed in 1991. Foreign Language Across the Curriculum (FLAC) course periodically available in Russian. Offered alternate years. Also counts toward Russian area studies and gender and sexuality studies majors; and management studies and gender and sexuality studies concentrations.


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This course explores China across the tumultuous 20th century. Beginning from Qing late imperial China (mid-1800s-1911) through the reform period of the 1980s, students discuss the schools of thought that changed daily life in revolutionary China: fascism, nationalism, anarchism, feminism, socialism, and communism. Through close readings of primary sources in English translation, students investigate what constitutes revolution as a theory and practice in modern China, and how a revolution begins, continues, declines, and rekindles. Offered annually. Also counts toward Asian studies and Chinese majors and Asian studies and management studies concentrations.


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The course explores how people view Africa and the contested discourse on the meaning of "Africa" with special emphasis on sub-Sarahan Africa. Through lectures, discussion, and analysis of primary sources, students examine Africa's past in terms of material and social change; how the ordinary and the privileged made their world; economic and religious revolutions; responses to colonial encroachment and rule; and independence. No prior study of Africa necessary. Offered annually. Also counts toward Africa and the African Diaspora concentration.


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Rather than focus on a region or period of time, students look at how historians from many different fields explore and understand "everyday life." What do historians say about eating, work, rumors, fear, night, noise, bingo, and more? What sources do they use for this research? What significance do we find in these histories of everyday life? Much of this study is defined by changes in social and cultural history, with an emphasis on local and micro-histories. Students produce a substantial research paper, based on primary sources and focused on a theme or problem related to histories of everyday life. Seniors are welcome. Juniors especially are encouraged to consider this course, especially those considering academic internships, participation in the summer undergraduate research program, or distinction. Offered periodically.


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This course shows students how anthropologists and economists approach the broad category of health care. Students explore how the two social sciences define health, conceptualize institutions, build accountability into systems, and treat the maladies of complex human beings. While the course highlights differences between the two disciplines, it also considers where they overlap. Offered periodically.


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In consultation with their CIS advisor, students may register for this semester course, which is P/N. This optional course is generally used for an internship linked to the Individual Major.


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Students continue to develop the listening, speaking, reading and writing skills that enable them to deal not only with topics of daily life, but also cultural themes and authentic materials. Class meets four times weekly. Individual language laboratory visits are also required. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward Asian studies major and Asian studies and business and management studies concentrations. Prerequisite: JAPAN 231 or equivalent.


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Students continue to develop the listening, speaking, reading and writing skills that enable them to deal not only with topics of daily life, but also cultural themes and authentic materials. Class meets four times weekly. Individual language laboratory visits are also required. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward Asian studies major and Asian studies and management studies concentrations. Prerequisite: JAPAN 231 or equivalent.


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This course builds on Japanese 301 and aims to increase the knowledge of Japanese people, language, and society by comparing with students' own cultures in their target language. Authentic "texts" (images, video clips, written texts, etc.) support student learning. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward Asian studies major and Asian studies and management studies concentrations. Prerequisite: JAPAN 301 or equivalent.


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This course builds on Japanese 301 and aims to increase the knowledge of Japanese people, language, and society by comparing with students' own cultures in their target language. Authentic "texts" (images, video clips, written texts, etc.) support student learning. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward Asian studies major and Asian studies and business and management studies concentrations. Prerequisite: JAPAN 301 or equivalent.


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Students will learn the basics of disc golf rules, etiquette, shots, strategies, and scoring and will play in different types of disc golf events. Course fee.


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This course presents the fundamental principles of exercise testing and prescription for both healthy and special needs individuals. Students explore techniques for assessing fitness and prescribing exercise using a variety of ergometers for improvement of health fitness parameters. Students also utilize case studies and laboratory experiences. Topics include health/medical histories, submaximal graded exercise testing, and assessment of strength, flexibility, pulmonary functions, and body composition. Offered annually. Also counts toward management studies concentration. Prerequisites: senior kinesiology major; BIO 143, BIO 243 and KINES 375.


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Students expand their knowledge of Latin by exploring the diverse and creative literature of the Middle Ages, ca. 300-1500 CE. This course emphasizes the role of Latin as the language of religious life in Medieval Europe. Topics encountered typically include scripture, pilgrims, relics, miracles, saints, crusaders, monastics, and the black death. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward ancient studies, and medieval studies majors, and concentrations in linguistic studies and international relations. Prerequisite: LATIN 231 or equivalent.


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Students learn about and analyze the English language, beginning with the building blocks of language: morphology, syntax, semantics, and phonetics/phonology. Students also explore the ways humans acquire language, social and geographical influences on English, and major changes during the history of the English language. The course serves as an introduction to the linguistic studies concentration, and fulfills the linguistics requirement of the Communication Arts and Literature license. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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This course examines the creative, social, and political work of women in the Middle East and North Africa in the wake of the "Arab Spring" uprisings (2010-2015). While the protests that took place across the MENA region primarily targeted government corruption and economic despair, issues of women's rights and freedoms were also at the forefront in Morocco, Algeria, Syria, Lebanon, and elsewhere. This topics course will ask how debates around education, physical autonomy, and gendered violence depicted and critiqued in novels, short stories, movies, and graphic novels of the last 20 years. We will primarily analyze fictional texts by women in order to engage with the social and political context from which they were created. Students will also study secondary texts, social media, and media in and outside the MENA region, and will develop an individual research project based on their own centers of interest. Counts Toward Concentrations: International Relations, Middle Eastern Studies


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Data is the currency of the modern world, and data science is a field that sits at the intersection between statistics and computer science. At its heart, data science is about gleaning information and making decisions from data; this course provides a solid foundation to the most important data science tools. Students develop a common language for creating visualizations, wrangling with data, programming in a literate manner, producing reproducible research, and communicating results. Offered each semester. Counts toward statistics and data science concentration.


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This course introduces students to philosophical, methodological, and pedagogical principles developed by 20th-century composer and ethnomusicologist Zoltán Kodály. Students actively engage in aural skills training, movement, instrumental, and creative work. In-depth readings and discussions of historical foundations of the Kodály-inspired movement challenge students to critically examine its Euro-centric roots and subsequent connections to 21st-century topics in music. This course is open to music majors and non-majors. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: MUSIC 112 or MUSIC 114 or permission of the instructor.


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An analytical study of the wide range of musical styles found in the 20th- and 21st-centuries, this course provides an opportunity to study important modern works and to come to a deeper understanding of their structure and meaning. Students study atonal music theory in depth and examine some of the new approaches to tonality in our time. Offered spring semester 2019-20 and alternate years. Prerequisite: MUSIC 214.


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Students explore how Somali diaspora communities have made important visible and audible contributions to the cultural landscape of Minnesota, while studying and learning to perform the interconnected arts of Somali poetry, music, dance, and theater. Interactions with local Somali musicians and community leaders, a visit to the Somali mosque, and collaboratively working to discern and support the needs of a community partner organization that serves Somali families provides students with hands-on experience in community engagement. Prerquisite: MUSIC 141 or permission of the instructor.


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Neuroscience is one of the fastest-growing fields in the sciences, with research interests ranging from molecular genetics to whole animal behavior. Topics include membrane biophysics, synaptic transmission and plasticity, intracellular signaling, sensory transduction, motor control systems, and development. Students attend lectures plus one three-hour laboratory per week. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward biology and kinesiology majors and mathematical biology concentration. Prerequisite: BIO 143 or CH/BI 227 or BIO 227 or PSYCH 238.


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This interdisciplinary course explores the Sámi, an indigenous people living mainly in the northern parts of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. Students first place the Sámi in a historical-cultural context by examining the Sámi's social and economic systems, religion, customs, and values. The major portion of the course examines the Sámi primarily from within: the Sámi will present themselves through their literature, film, music, and art. Taught in English. Offered periodically. Also counts toward linguistic studies concentration. race and ethnic studies major and concentration, and international relations concentration.


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Norge har ofte blir kåret til en av verdens mest lykkelige landene, men hva er det som gjør nordmenn til å le? Hva er det som kjennetegner norsk humor og hvordan har norsk humor utviklet seg over tid? I dette kurset ser vi nærmere på det morsomme i det norske hverdagslivet. Vi kommer til å diskutere bruken av satire, parodi og ironi som samfunnskritikk og vil se nærmere på stereotypiene som disse humor genrene angriper. Vi vil reflekterer over hvordan humor har blitt brukt i forskjellige perioder som middel mot undertrykkelse.


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This synthesis course focuses on professional role development, nursing leadership and contemporary issues in nursing. Students gain the knowledge and skills in organizational systems leadership, quality improvement and safety that are needed to lead healthcare teams, coordinate patient care, and achieve patient outcomes. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward management studies concentration. Prerequisites: open to senior nursing majors only; NURS 312, NURS 315, and NURS 316 with grades of C or above; concurrent enrollment in NURS 317, NURS 319, and NURS 399.


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This contemporary public affairs course examines normative commitments and empirical evidence relevant to the workings of government, markets, and society as applied to contemporary issues. Possible topics include immigration, abortion, education, sexuality, medical care, foreign policy, income inequality and poverty, affirmative action, and responses to climate change. Not open to first-year students. Offered annually in the spring semester. Counts toward public health studies concentration. Prerequisite: PACON 280.


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This course surveys the influential philosophical traditions of India and China. Students explore the major traditions including Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Confucianism, and Taoism and consider other traditions with which they have interacted. Where appropriate, comparisons are drawn to Western philosophical traditions. Offered annually. Also counts toward Asian studies major. Prerequisite: One course in Philosophy or permission of instructor.


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Modern science raises important challenges for ethics and religion. Some are theoretical: can evolutionary and cognitive science be fully accommodated by religious persons and moral realists? Are the arguments for God's existence helped or hurt by modern science? Scientific developments also give rise to practical challenges for ethics. Should we radically enhance human nature? Does neuroscience show that we can't be morally responsible? Should we worry about global catastrophes? Students explore these or related questions. Offered annually. Also counts toward neuroscience concentration.


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Moral issues concerning friendship and love are analyzed from the perspective of normative moral theories and various theories of value. Issues may include the role of friendship in the moral life, exploitative versus fulfilling relationships, and the conflict between altruism and self-love. Since loving is itself a form of valuing, value theory is approached by investigating philosophical and theological works concerning the basic types of love: philia, eros, and agape. Offered most years.


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Valuing nature raises significant philosophical and ethical issues. This course considers the nature of animal life, the character and control of pollution, the conflict between preservationism and conservationism, corporate and governmental responsibility for the eco-crisis, the use of economic categories to assess wilderness areas and endangered species, the conflict between eco-holism and individualism, and the philosophy of wilderness management. Offered annually. Also counts toward environmental studies major (all emphases) and environmental studies and management studies concentrations.


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Markets are guided not only by economic goals but also by moral values of freedom, fairness, justice, and ideals of the good life itself. Through readings in economics and philosophy, this course explores the relationship between moral and economic values in the marketplace from the ancient world up to the present. Characteristic topics include the status of wealth in a virtuous life, fair trade, economic freedom, pricelessness, and the tension between public and private values. Offered annually. Also counts toward management studies concentration.


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Students examine contemporary approaches to classical issues in ethics and theory of value: the nature of moral judgments; theories of moral obligation and value; the concept of moral responsibility; and the relation of morality to science, religion, and law. May be repeated if topic is different. Prerequisites: two courses in philosophy, one of which must be either PHIL 235 or PHIL 236 or permission of the department chair.


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How do states govern their economies and how does the international economy affect domestic politics? This course aims to answer these two interrelated questions by introducing students to theories of the politics of trade, finance, and investment; as well as contemporary debates on the role of economic organizations, regional trade agreements, migration, environment and inequality. The course approaches each topic by examining alternative theoretical approaches; students evaluate these theories using historical and contemporary evidence. Offered annually in the fall semester. Alsco counts toward international relations concentration. Prerequisite: prior course work in political science or economics useful but not required.


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American politics is about ideas. This course traces the origins of these and other important ruling ideas in the writings of America's most prominent thinkers. We devote special attention to what is often called "the American creed" (liberal individualism, egalitarianism, republicanism, and community) and the creed's many critics, particularly with respect to race and American political thought. Offered alternate years during spring semester.


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Economic statecraft refers to states' use of economic means to pursue foreign policy goals and political ends. This seminar provides students with advanced study of economic statecraft tools, which often combine economic rewards and punishments. Specifically, students explore when and how governments choose from their economic statecraft repertoire, and assess the effectiveness of the available tools, including but not limited to foreign aid, bilateral trade and investment, and economic sanctions. Offered annually in the fall semester. Also counts toward international relations concentration. Prerequisite: PSCI 220 and one course in the international relations subfield, or permission of the instructor.


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This survey of cognition examines how we acquire (perception, attention, learning), store (memory), communicate (language) and use knowledge (thinking, judgment, problem solving, decision making, creativity). Such issues influence how we educate people, evaluate eyewitnesses in court, convince consumers to buy products, and improve our memory or attention. Students will engage in hands-on activities as a part of the class to enhance our study of the mind. Offered annually. Also counts toward linguistic studies and neuroscience concentrations. Prerequisite: PSYCH 125.


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This course explores research on parenting and child development across a variety of diverse family structures and sociocultural contexts, including families with primary caregiving fathers, divorced and remarried parents, adoptive parents, gay and lesbian parents. Students discuss similarities and variability across families, and examine how factors such as gender, sexual orientation, race/ethnicity and social class shape parenting experiences and unique psychosocial challenges that "nontraditional" families may confront. Students examine and bridge the empirical literature with popular culture and media portrayals of families. Offered periodically. Also counts toward gender and sexuality studies major and educational studies, family studies, and gender and sexuality studies concentrations. Prerequisite: PSYCH 241; PSYCH 230 is strongly recommended.


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This course explores in-depth the intersection between Indigenous spirituality and Christianity in North America. It focuses on the impact of Christian missionaries on pre-contact Native philosophy, with a special emphasis on Lakota values such as orality and narrative. Case studies will offer critical insights into how these values have shaped Indigenous identity and its intersection with Christian faith, illuminating the complex dynamics of cultural interaction and religious transformation, while providing historical and contemporary contexts.


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Christians and people of other faiths seek to be faithful to their own traditions and also to attend to each other's claims. This course examines ways Christians and other believers develop their doctrinal traditions in the context of religious pluralism. This course gives specific attention to Christian reflection on the doctrines of God, Christ, and salvation in relation to religious reflection by people of other faiths. Offered periodically.


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How similar or different is the conception of God that Christians and Muslims speak of, pray to, and worship? Christianity and Islam share scriptural and intellectual resources and complicated histories full of both cooperation and conflict. Exploring these topics, students analyze and compare theological emphases, reflect on how much similarity and difference there has been between the two traditions of reflection, and examine possibilities for future interaction. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward Middle Eastern studies concentration.


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This survey of the historical, cultural, and theological developments within Judaism pays special attention to major periods and themes in Jewish life and thought, as well as to contemporary Judaism. Also counts toward Middle Eastern studies concentration. Prerequisite: Open to first-year students with permission of the instructor.


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Students continue their grammar, oral, and written work with an emphasis on conversation and reading selections from classical and contemporary Russian authors. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward management studies concentration. Prerequisite: RUSSN 231 or equivalent.


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This course traces the development of Russian literature from the end of the 19th century to the present. A variety of genres are studied, including the novel, the short story, drama, and lyric poetry. Major authors include: Chekhov, Akhmatova, Bulgakov, Pasternak, Solzhenitsyn, and Nabokov. Taught in translation. Offered alternate years. Counts toward Russian area studies major; does not count toward Russian language major.


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This course covers a variety of topics that are both culturally and intellectually challenging. The goal of this course is to explore a variety of topics significant for Russian society and culture as well as to further develop the language of intellectual discourse through the treatment of complex issues in the press and social media. Taught in Russian. May be repeated if topic is different. Offered annually in the spring semester. Counts toward Russian area studies major for students not simultaneously working toward Russian language major; also counts toward business and management studies concentration. Prerequisite: RUSSN 254 or permission of the instructor.


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This course explores the forces that shape contemporary Latin American society, including material and cultural interactions with Europe, Africa, and the U.S. Emphasis is placed on understanding the formation of the region in terms of the responses of key groups of actors (indigenous peoples, women, peasants, workers, the poor, migrants, revolutionaries) to the actions of outside and/or more powerful forces and institutions (foreign invaders, the state, the military, missionaries, multinational corporations). Offered annually in the fall or spring semester. Also counts toward Latin American studies major and Latin American studies and management studies concentrations.


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This course provides a social science understanding of the "contemporary American family" and analysis of marriage and family issues from a cross-cultural perspective. Students discuss issues of dating and mate selection, marital and parent-child relationships over the family life cycle, gender issues, work and family roles, and problem-related issues affecting families (divorce, violence and death) caused by rapid changes in society. Offered annually in the fall or spring semester. Also counts toward gender and sexuality studies major; and family studies, management studies, and gender and sexuality studies concentrations.


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This course compares gender patterns and issues in various cultures around the world, such as Latin America, the Middle East, India, the U.S., and East Asia. How do cultural expectations for women and men vary? Why do some societies have more gender equality than others? How do economic and political change, including globalization, impact gender roles? How do U.S. and Third World feminism compare? Offered annually in the fall or spring semester. Also counts toward race and ethnic studies and gender and sexuality studies majors; and Africa and the African Diaspora, management studies, race and ethnic studies, and gender and sexuality studies concentrations.


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Students learn to design and conduct qualitative research in the tradition of sociological and anthropological ethnography. Students discuss theoretical approaches to ethnography and learn data collection methods through case studies and fieldwork assignments. Students use their own research to gain experience in interpreting field notes, doing analysis, and writing an ethnographic interpretation of their research findings. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward management studies and public health studies concentrations. Prerequisite: SOAN 291 or SOAN 292; open to junior or senior sociology/anthropology majors only.


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Students examine political, economic, religious and/or social issues through textual analysis of literary and/or non-literary works representing diverse voices of the Spanish-speaking world (e.g. indigenous people, women, non-Castilian nationalities in Spain, or Afro-Hispanic groups). The course includes study of at least one substantive literary work. Sample topics include: Women and Repression or The Afro-Hispanic Struggle for Identity. May be repeated if topic is different. Taught in Spanish. Offered annually. Prerequisites: SPAN 250 or SPAN 251 and at least one 270-level course.


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Students work intensively on a special topic in statistics. Topics may vary from year to year. May be repeated if topics are different. Offered periodically. Prerequisites: Permission of instructor.


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Social work majors study scientific philosophies and approaches to ethical knowledge building for social work practice. The course includes an overview of the research process using both quantitative and qualitative methods, with special attention to how research knowledge informs generalist social work practice. Open to non-majors by permission of instructor. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward management studies and public health studies concentrations. Prerequisite: social work major.


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An investigation into the relationship between theater and society through study of various issues in theater arts including censorship, funding, arts advocacy and arts education. Issues of contemporary ethical concern will be discussed and analyzed through a variety of historical and contemporary normative perspectives. Also counts toward management studies concentration. Prerequisite: THEAT 110 or THEAT 180.


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Writing and Rhetoric courses, taught by faculty across the college, engage students in writing for multiple purposes and audiences. Each course explores a contemporary question of interest to college students. Students write in multiple genres and engage in writing as a systematic process with opportunities to respond to feedback. They learn, evaluate, and use appropriate technologies to explore, discuss, and write about course content.


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The United States was founded by breaking away from an empire, yet has grown into an imperial power. This course explores territorial expansion, the development of a pluralistic American state with varied internal borders and cultural realms, and the emergence of the United States as a world power. Examining American history through lenses used by creative artists, historians and social scientists, students consider such topics as global trade, slavery, urbanization, and war. Offered annually in the spring semester. Counts toward American studies major. Prerequisite: AMCON 103.


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This course is a survey of African-American art, from folk and decorative arts of the 19th century, to Modernist painting and sculpture in the 20th, to the multi-media productions of today. Issues of race and identity are explored through examinations of the visual productions of African American artists. The course is discussion-based. Working in groups, students learn to closely examine artworks and related texts. Individual research and writing projects deepen students' engagement with the material. Offered periodically. Counts toward art history, studio art, American studies, and race and ethnic studies majors; and Africa and the Americas and race and ethnic studies concentrations. Prerequisite: none, but ART 153: Introduction to Art History strongly recommended.


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Were the Middle Ages white? Popular culture would often have you think so, depicting a world that is almost completely racialized as white, save for the occasional “exotic” visitor. This seminar course seeks to dispel that image, and assert that the western European Middle Ages was a highly permeable culture whose art was shaped by interactions with cultures in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, whether through trade, the exchange of ideas, or violent conquest.


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Students learn about formal languages, automata, and other topics concerned with the theoretical basis and limitations of computation. The course covers automata theory including regular languages and context-free languages, computability theory, complexity theory including classes P and NP, and cryptographic algorithms. Offered alternate years. Counts toward neuroscience and linguistic studies concentrations. Prerequisite: a proof writing course (such as MATH 244 or MATH 252) or permission of instructor.


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Students learn a widely-used style of programming based on first order predicate logic. Topics include declarative programming, Horn clauses, declarative and procedural semantics of logic programs, clauses as relations, goals, backtracking, and resolution. Programming projects and exercises use Prolog, the most significant logic programming language. Additional topics include the relationship of Prolog to logic and applications to artificial intelligence. Offered alternate years. Prerequisite: CSCI 251 or permission of instructor.


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Students learn, embody, and integrate elements of dance and film by engaging in the creative practice of making dance for the screen. Each student gains experience as a director, performer, videographer, editor, and critic in this collaborative learning community. Students discuss and analyze live movement studies, screendances by peers and professionals, and relevant texts. Other technologies, such as 3D character animation and reactive/interactive technology, may be introduced. The class culminates with an evening public showing. Offered annually in the spring semester. Counts toward media and film studies concentrations.


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This course introduces students to teaching Latin in grades K-12. Theories, methods, issues, and trends are examined. Other topics include curriculum development and textbook, computer and audio visual resources. Arranged with Classics and Education chairs and the Latin instructor. Required field experience component. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: EDUC 330.


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After the Second World War, Britain experienced a surge in immigration from the Caribbean, South Asia, and Africa, a crucial step in the transformation of Britain into a multiracial, multicultural nation. Over the past several decades, these immigrants and their descendants have crafted distinct bodies of work in literature, film, music, and visual art. This course is a broad, multi-genre introduction to their work with particular emphasis on its historical and cultural context. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: FYW.


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Students deepen and strengthen their work in creative nonfiction. Class sessions are devoted to development of writing strategies and analysis of professional and student writing. Counts toward management studies concentration. Prerequisites: ENGL 291 or permission of the instructor.


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Framed by a focus on a contemporary environmental topic, the course attends to the nature of environmental inquiry, one’s perspectives and values, and how to use one’s knowledge and skills for personal, civic and work-related roles. Individual and team projects connected to community needs teach students how to think and work across the department’s three areas of emphasis in an experiential learning framework. Offered each semester. Counts toward environmental studies major and concentration. Prerequisite: ENVST 137, at least one course in two of the three areas of emphasis, and a declared environmental studies major or concentration.


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Readings in Greek from the works of Herodotus, the "Father of History," and Thucydides, the first "scientific" historian, provide the backdrop for studying the development of Greek historiography. Students analyze the historians' distinctive methods and writing styles and compare them with those of modern historians. Offered alternate years. Prerequisite: GREEK 231 or equivalent.


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This course is a history of Western civilization's earliest cultures, the civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia, the Hebraic Kingdoms, and the great Empires of Assyria, Babylon, and Persia. Offered periodically. Counts toward ancient studies and classics majors.


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We will consider contemporary and enduring questions relating to aging from many different perspectives: biological, psychological, social, economic, ethical, technological and political factors that relate to aging. Questions we will address include: What changes do people experience as they age, and how can societal institutions best serve this population given evolving population trends? What role should older adults play in society? How should end-of-life be handled?


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Living and dying: Explorations with young adults: The death rate is 100%. Yet conversations about how and where we die are the most important ones we are not having. This Directed Undergraduate Research course will examine and produce culturally appropriate tools and resources for teaching young adults about how to have conversations about dying and end of life. When and how we have such conversations can affect how we live in families and communities. Students will explore issues and resources through multidisciplinary lenses. Required background: Coursework in statistics and research methods in at least one of: economics, education, nursing, political science, psychology, sociology/anthropology, or social work. Preference given to students with deep interest in college students and death, dying, advance care planning, and related subjects.


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Lord Tennyson called Vergil the "wielder of the stateliest measure ever moulded by the lips of man." Students encounter that stately measure when they translate selections from Vergil's three major poems (Eclogues, Georgics, Aeneid). They also engage in spirited discussion of Homer's influence on Vergil and of Vergil's influence on the literature, art, and music of Western civilization. Offered alternate years in the spring semester. Counts toward ancient studies and medieval studies majors. Prerequisite: LATIN 231 or equivalent.


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This course provides a capstone to the concentration. Taught as a seminar, it investigates critical and specialized issues in media from multiple and often competing perspectives. Topics change regularly and address a wide range of media-related concerns. Sample topics include Media and the Environment, Media and Religion, Media and Globalization. Offered alternate years. Prerequisite: MEDIA 160 or permission of instructor.


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Most music encountered today is either processed by computer or created entirely digitally. This course provides an introduction to the creation of computer music using programming languages and emphasizing object-oriented programming. Students develop skills in abstract and quantitative reasoning in a musical context. They develop their ability to recognize and employ musical patterns and structures in creating new pieces of music. Topics include digital synthesis, timbral design, live coding, and intonation. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: a basic knowledge of musical theory or notation is helpful but not necessary.


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Students develop skills and study materials essential to planning and leading worship and training/rehearsing ensembles in a church music program in various traditions. Musical topics include rehearsing and conducting from the keyboard, hymn playing in various styles, playing from chord symbols, global percussion and handbell techniques. Repertoire includes choral music for all ages and for all parts of the church year. Students also explore current issues in church music, the vocation/philosophy of the church musician, organization and administration. Counts toward BA music major and all BM majors. Required for BM church major. Offered alternate years in spring semester.


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Students study and practice principles for singing in French and German with good pronunciation, enunciation, and expression. Course content includes phonetic analysis using the International Phonetic Alphabet and identifying and exercising the phonemic features of French and German through class performances and listening assignments. Offered spring semester 2016-2017 and alternate years. Prerequisite: MUSIC 263 and two semesters of voice lessons.


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Analysis is a course of discovery, using advanced tools of music theory to examine the ways in which great works of music are put together. Students examine principles of form and style and, using a range of analytical techniques, come to a deeper understanding of tonal music. The course focuses on Classical and Romantic literature, with some work in 20th-century tonality. Offered spring semester 2016-2017 and alternate years. Prerequisite: MUSIC 214.


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This seminar challenges students to consider how we hear gender and sexuality. How are norms of masculinity and femininity expressed through music and how have these ideals changed over time? How do musicians and composers communicate sexuality through sound or in performance? Students will investigate the relationships between music, gender and sexuality from a variety of analytical perspectives including music studies, media studies, women and gender studies, and queer theory.


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The Scandinavian countries are known for their distinctive nature, from the geysers and glaciers of Iceland to the fjords of Norway to the vast forests of Sweden and Finland. While natural features may seem to provide static background for culture, understandings of nature have in fact shifted over time in accordance with human concerns. This course examines the representation of nature and the environment in the Scandinavian context from the creation narratives of Norse myth through the project of 19th century nation-building and up to present concerns about climate change and environmental destruction. Students will encounter central works that have produced and contested notions of nature. Alongside these, they will be introduced to ecocriticism as method of textual analysis. This will provide an entryway into the environmental humanities, while also providing an opportunity to explore what makes Scandinavian literature and culture unique. Counts toward Environmental Studies Major and Environmental Studies Concentration. Taught in English.


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This course examines how contemporary culture influences present-day wellness perspectives. Values, lifestyle, daily stresses, and corresponding coping mechanisms affecting one's well-being are explored. Students study health behaviors as a function of social influences and, conversely, the impact of unhealthy coping behaviors on the social enterprise. This course also includes an exploration of wellness from the perspective of non-western cultures. Offered annually during Interim, spring semester, or fall semester. Counts toward American studies major and media studies and film studies concentrations.


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In-depth study of particular topics done in a half-semester format. Topics are based on student interest and available staff. Generally offered as a pair of half-courses in one semester but students may enroll in only one. Recently topics include general relativity and cosmology. Prerequisite: PHYS 244 and MATH 230.


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A wide array of techniques is used to answer fundamental questions about how the brain and nervous system work in the expression of behavior. Through readings, discussion, and hands-on laboratory experiences students examine various research methods in behavioral neuroscience, considering the strengths and weaknesses of each. Emphasis is placed on ethical considerations of animal research and the application of basic science data to human problems.Topics may include feeding behavior, drug-seeking, and pain perception. Counts toward neuroscience concentration. Prerequisites: PSYCH 230, plus NEURO 239 or PSYCH 238.


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Students apply interdisciplinary theories and methods to selected topics in race and ethnic studies. The course employs a discussion format, focusing on critical reading and analytical essays. Offered in alternate years. May be repeated if topic is different.


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This course compares Christian and Islamic conceptions of the relationship between God and humanity, as foundations for thinking about moral excellence and obligation. It also considers and compares how theological commitments and methods in each religious tradition affect approaches to particular ethical issues such as sexuality, war, and politics. Students work with scripture, film, polemical literature, judicial texts, and theological texts. Prerequisites: BTS-T or permission of instructor.


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Students critically analyze the development of Christian thought from its beginnings to the 9th century. Special attention is placed on the theological controversies which led to the formation of the Christian community's central doctrines: God as Trinity, Jesus Christ as divine and human, salvation as divine action and human response. Students read from Irenaeus, Origen, Athanasius, Augustine, and others. Counts toward ancient studies and medieval studies majors. Prerequisite: BTS-B.


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This course considers masterworks of Russian and Soviet cinema from the Bolshevik revolution to the present. Students examine significant Russian contributions to world cinema. Readings and topics include basic cinema analysis, Russian cinema criticism, and Russian film theory. Offered alternate years. Counts toward film studies concentration.


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What is the role of language in our society? What is the impact of bilingualism in the U.S.? Students explore such questions from current Spanish socio-linguistics research. Through analysis of data, students examine issues of language contact, variation and change, language and gender, language and power, and/or language planning. May be repeated if topic is different. This course includes the study of at least one substantive literary work. Taught in Spanish. Counts toward linguistic studies concentration. Prerequisites: SPAN 250 and SPAN 276.


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From vampires on the big screen to people whose actions, big or small, we call monstrous, we interact with “monsters” every day. How we imagine them and to whom we grant this label says a great deal about us because both acts suggest what we fear most. And this fear regulates our day-to-day behavior. As a way to better understand this complex relationship, this seminar looks at the literary monster; the way the media represents real-life “monsters,” such as the Oklahoma City Bomber; and how horror movies engage in larger cultural conversations. We’ll end with a reflection on the potential for monstrosity in ourselves. Readings will draw from a variety of fields including history, sociology, philosophy, journalism, literature, and creative nonfiction.


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This course will center around the Swedish system of manual training known as "sloyd" which means "craft" or "hand skills." The method, developed in the 19th c., encouraged students to systematically develop hand skills (usually woodworking) along with an understanding of tools, materials, processes and a sense of care and commitment to excellence. It teaches the "whole person" – the development of character and intellectual capacity as well as skill building. Summer Sloyd students will use the sloyd knife, draw knife, axe, brace, and hand saws (as well as some power tools) to explore the intersection of handwork, woodwork, and creativity. Projects will center around basic woodworking skills, green woodworking, history of functional woodenware in Nordic countries, and natural finishing/surface design techniques.


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Sitcom America is an interdisciplinary look at the television situation comedy as an art form, as a market-driven force, and as a reflection of aspects of American society since World War II. We will focus particularly on sitcom representations of family, the workplace, race, and gender and look at the ways technology and audience have altered the sitcom format over time.


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This course, designed for students who want to heighten their two-dimensional skills, emphasizes using expressive qualities of art-making by investigating various media, techniques, and content. Assignments are both traditional and nontraditional, within historical and contemporary perspectives. Experimentation and development of a personal visual language are encouraged. The course culminates in the production of a series of works that relate thematically. Critical thinking and discussion skills are important. Prerequisite: Art 102. Materials fee. Offered annually


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This course introduces students to the concepts of Folk Schools, which originated in the Nordic countries in the mid-nineteenth century. Students apply many of the original philosophies of folk schools as they learn skills such as blacksmithing, Scandinavian spoon carving, needlework, sour dough break making, belt loom weaving, and soap making. The course focuses on process, object making, skill building, and true experiential learning, with an emphasis on bringing the sculptural art object into the everyday. The course takes place in the newly completed Flaten Art Barn. Guest artists and craftspeople demonstrate and work with students and also lecture on their craft or art form. A field trip to the Vesterheim Norwegian-American Museum adds to the experience. The course includes lectures on the rich history of folk schools, their value and relevance in today's culture, and environmentalism as it relates to daily living. Counts as elective toward studio art major and Nordic studies concentration.


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This course provides intensive exposure to career opportunities in: architecture, painting, sculpture, printmaking, ceramics, photography, illustration, video, digital media, and design of all kinds (from toys to exhibitions at the Metropolitan Museum of Art). Working five to seven hours a day, students interview over 25 artist professionals during the month, visit more than 100 galleries and museums, and write extensively about artists and artwork. This course does not count toward the minimum major in studio art or art history. Prerequisite: Art 253 (preferred) or Art 252. Offered in alternate years during Interim.


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Currents of nationalism, regionalism and globalization organize political life around the world. What trends and policies promote regional integration? What forces frustrate integration? To answer these questions this course investigates security, economic, and cultural relations at the beginning of the 21st century within Asia and between Asia and Russia and the U.S. This course looks at the historical interaction of national, regional, and global forces for additional answers. Prerequisite: previous course in Asian studies or political science, or permission of instructor.


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Students pursue guided fieldwork experience in the United States. Activities and readings in this course build on the topics from Asian Studies 210 and three semesters of language study. Students reflect on the experience of Asians in America through readings, site visits, and local interviews. Students develop projects and follow a process of inquiry that will help them understand how ordinary people construct "Asian" culture and society today. Prerequisite: Asian Studies 210. Offered during Interim.


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This course offers students the opportunity to study first-hand the most diverse ecosystems on earth. This intensive field-oriented course explores lowland rain forest, montane forest, dry forest, and coastal and agricultural ecosystems through projects and field trips. Students read and discuss texts and primary literature specific to ecology, evolution, conservation, and agricultural practices of each area, and keep reflective journals. Prerequisite: one science course. Offered in alternate years during interim.


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This course is a service/learning experience. Week one is spent on campus learning basic clinical techniques, examining emerging disease, and studying existing health care issues. Students spend three weeks in Cuzco, Peru, assessing patient needs in a public hospital, a homeless shelter, orphanages, and a small village. Week four involves discussion and writing reflective journals. Prerequisites: Biology 150 or 231, and Biology 291. Apply through the Office of International and Off-Campus Studies. Offered during Interim.


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This course offers intensive field-biology experiences within three equatorial New World environments: the Amazon rainforest, the Andes cloud forests, and the Galapagos Islands. Students compare the rich biodiversity, the adaptations and natural history of species, and the influence of human impact on these areas. Preparation for class requires readings from texts and primary literature concerning ecological and environmental issues specific to each of these regions. Based in Quito, the three field expeditions alternate with home-based rest days allowing for reflective writing in journals, assimilation, and discussion. Prerequisite: Biology 150, or Biology 125 and 126, or Chemistry/Biology 125-227 and Biology 126, or permission of instructor. Offered during Interim.


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This seminar course approaches the study of animal behavior from the blended viewpoints of evolutionary behavioral ecology and comparative psychology. Mechanisms of learning, cognition, and development, as well as aggression, territoriality, and mating are examined at the organismic and cellular level. A deeper understanding of the neural and environmental determinants of behavior in a wide variety of species helps students better understand themselves and their place in nature. Prerequisite: Biology 150 or Biology 126 or Psychology 125. Counts toward neuroscience concentration.


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In this course students gain an appreciation for the drug development process, including how natural products are isolated, how their structures relate to activities, and how research into the mechanism of disease leads to the targeted development of drugs. Issues relating to medicinal chemistry in a developing-world context, medicinal plants, and the chemical basis of folk medicine are discussed. Prerequisites: Chemistry 248 and 254. Offered alternate years during Interim. Counts toward biomedical studies concentration.


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This course is devoted to team research/development projects, employing established software development methodologies. Projects frequently have an interdisciplinary nature, involving consultation with faculty and/or students in other fields, and taking advantage of the particular backgrounds of team members. One or more research papers, posters, etc., on results are ordinarily expected. Prerequisites: One core course with implementation in computer science or permission of instructor. Offered alternate years.


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At one time, roughly one-third of the world's population lived in countries with centrally planned socialist economies. The world has witnessed a series of astonishing transitions as these planned economies moved to introduce market reforms. This course introduces and applies the basic tools of economic analysis to understand and explore the transitions taking place in these countries. The course focuses principally on China and Russia but will include examples drawn from Eastern Europe and Cuba. Offered many Interims.


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This course tracks economic development in China with emphasis on Shanghai. The course examines the emergence and evolution of markets in rural, urban, commercial, and financial centers and how the changes affect culture, attitudes, customs, and life of the people. Shanghai will be compared with other Chinese cities, including Nanjing, Suzhou, Hangzhou and Hong Kong. The role of Hong Kong in China's reform and its integration since 1997 is also discussed. Prerequisites: one of Economics 110-121 or permission of instructor. Offered alternate Interims. Counts toward Asian studies major and concentration.


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Students examine the influence of race, class and multiculturalism in American schools by participating as teachers' assistants and tutors in two distinctly different K-12 schools. Students discover the challenges and benefits associated with teaching in a diverse racial, cultural and socio-economic environments. Through guest lectures, readings, field trips and seminars, students learn about the truly unique geographic and cultural setting of the Hawaiian islands. This environment makes an excellent framework to examine diversity on the mainland. Fulfills Education 382: Human Relations requirement. Prerequisite: Education 260 or 330, or permission of instructor. Offered during Interim. Counts towards race and ethnic studies and American studies majors and race and ethnic studies concentration.


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This program provides an opportunity for students to gain direct teaching experience by serving as an intern/paraprofessional for a teacher in a Minneapolis/St. Paul public school. The Interim will heighten students' sensitivities to the complexities of multicultural, urban education and provide exposure to models used to foster educational and personal success in diverse student populations. On/off-campus orientation will be followed by four weeks of full-time work in a classroom with a host teacher and participation in weekly seminars with the college instructor. Reading assignments, journals, and guest speakers will complement the experience. Fulfills Education 382 : Human Relations Requirement. Prerequisite: Education 260 and 290 or 330 or permission of instructor. Apply through Education Department by Oct. 15. Offered during Interim. Counts toward race and ethnic studies major and concentration and American studies major.


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Students study selected writers of the Eastern Caribbean islands of Barbados, Trinidad, Saint Lucia and others. The study of literature is supplemented by guest lectures and speakers, as well as field trips to sites of cultural and environmental interest. Accommodation includes stays in private homes. Prerequisite: FYW. Offered in alternate years during Interim.


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Students read texts set in nineteenth- and twentieth-century New York City and work together, on the development of a website that annotates the literature through digital maps, historic images, and research into relevant historical and cultural contexts. Prerequisite: FYW. Offered during Interim. Counts toward American Studies and English majors.


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This course is centered around three 19th-century British novels: Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, R. L. Stevenson's Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, and Bram Stoker's Dracula. Students explore the influence of these texts on mythical monsters from the 20th to 21st centuries in the form of classic black and white films of the 1930s,as well as more recent fictional and filmic incarnations. What do monsters tell readers about themselves? Assignments include both critical and creative writing. Prerequisite: FYW. Offered occasionally during Interim.


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Students critically examine a variety of national, metro, and local media. Students then learn to write their own news copy, including hard news, features, editorials, arts and entertainment reviews, sports, business, and travel stories. Students also learn UPI/AP style copy editing and proofreading, important skills for students applying for internships and print media jobs. Prerequisites: FYW and at least sophomore status.


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Students explore specific periods in American literature and examine the relationship between literary texts and movements and their particular cultural, political, and historical contexts. Each offering of this course examines a different literary era and emphasizes specific literary and historical issues. Prerequisites: English 185 plus at least two English courses at level II, or permission of the instructor. Click on course title in the class and lab for more information about the course for that term. Counts toward American studies major.


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This course explores the relevance and influence of documentary films by closely examining their aesthetic concerns, ethical implications, and real-world impacts. The course offers a condensed historical overview along with an examination of recent works. It combines screenings, readings, and discussions with the goal of preparing students both to understand and to analyze documentary films. This course does not have a production component. Prerequisite: Film 101 or permission of the instructor. Offered alternate years.


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A survey of German films from Caligari (1919) to The Counterfeiters (2008), this course examines 20th-century German history through the lens of Germany's most renowned films. Students develop analytical and critical skills in "reading" films as cultural products and as cinematic works of art. The course focuses on the increasing social and political importance of mass media for understanding the past. Counts toward film studies concentration. May be counted toward German major or German studies concentration.


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This course provides a survey of the history of Germany with emphasis on the period from 1700 to the present. Through primary sources, literature, and historical accounts, students examine Germany's development from a collection of independent states to a great power, focusing on the social, cultural, and political impact of national unification, rapid industrialization, world wars, and European union. Offered alternate years. Counts toward women's and gender studies major and German studies and women's and gender studies concentrations.


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Students explore how religion impacts political thought and social-political activism in contemporary Egypt after the Egyptian Revolution. Topics include how democracy, rights, and secularism have been interpreted; the statements and influence of religious leaders; the development of religiously coded legal initiatives and political parties; and the experiences of everyday Egyptians, including youth, women, and Christian minorities. Offered during Interim. Counts toward Middle Eastern studies concentration.


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Designed for students with little or no background in music, this hands-on course presents the fundamental materials of music through creative keyboard experiences, music listening, music reading, and aural and visual analysis. Students gain a basic introduction to the piano and to music notation and music theory. Offered most Interims.


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This course presents a study of the historical development of jazz, from its roots in blues and ragtime at the "beginning" of the 20th century to the present, focusing on its principal forms and styles, its role in American culture, and contributions of major artists. Offered during Interim. Counts towards American studies and ARMS majors and ARMS and Africa and the Americas concentrations.


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An in-depth look at how musical conventions, styles, and forms of music convey drama, emotion, and meaning in dance, opera, musical theater, and film. How does music partner with movement, texts, and visual images to portray time, place, and plot while simultaneously revealing a character's mental state, conveying political messages, or predicting the future? Intended for non-music majors, the course covers basic listening skills and vocabulary for description and analysis. Offered during Interim.


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This course is designed for students interested in civic engagement in the arts and arts fusion projects. Participants mentor students from a local elementary school in an Opera Creation Residency as the elementary students compose and perform their own original works. The course culminates in staged public performances. Enrollment is subject to a fall interview/audition. Open to all students and may be repeated once. Offered Interim 2013-14 and alternate years.


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Nordic literature of today features writers with immigrant backgrounds, many from non-Western countries. These translingual and multicultural writers present narratives that negotiate identity and appropriate new homelands, and thus rewrite what is means to be Nordic. Students examine literature that represents the immigrant experience in present-day Scandinavia in relation to the experience of immigrants to the U.S. in the 19th century and within the international context of global migration in today's world. Counts toward Nordic studies concentration.


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This course analyzes issues concerning race and social justice from the perspective of normative ethical frameworks and various theories of value. Students investigate, interpret, and critique both intellectual foundations and reasons for endorsement of the various approaches to studying race and social justice. Students pay critical attention to how the black intellectual tradition understands the meanings and moral implications of such ideas. Prerequisite: BTS-T or permission of instructor. Offered occasionally during Interim. Counts toward Race and Ethnic Studies concentration.


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This course gives students the opportunity to work on real world physics and engineering problems. Companies, non-profits, and other organizations provide projects relevant and important to the organizations' goals. Students work in teams to approach these projects from an engineering design perspective that emphasizes hands-on work, prototyping, and organizational skills. Prerequisite: Physics 244 or permission of the instructor. Offered annually during Interim.


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The course is based on the Adriatic Coast of Slovenia with travel to Italy, Croatia and Bosnia to students study processes of political identity formation in a part of Europe that has seen the collapse of multi-ethnic empires and the multi-ethnic state of Yugoslavia. Students work in groups representing the concepts used by Charles Tilly to analyze political identity. In group reports, students construct analytical images of political identities in Piran, Triest, Vukovar, Belgrade, Sarajevo and Mostar.


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How do the peoples of Latin America participate politically? How do domestic politics interact with national and international economics? How do states treat challenges posed by migration and by desires for "modernization" and democracy in a context of authoritarian legacy and debt? Students examine how Latin American politics work, focusing on Mexico, parts of Central America, the Caribbean, the Andean Region, and the Southern Cone. Counts toward Latin American studies major and concentration.


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Psychopaths, blazing a path of disregard and devastation through life, are a chilling example of the darker side of humanity. Students critically compare psychopathy as protrayed in the popular media to psychology's theoretical and empirical understanding. They explore questions such as: What are the hallmark characteristics of a psychopath? Where can psychopaths be found? What causes psychopathy? Students also examine the question of what the existence of psychopathy means for the rest of us. Prerequisite: Psychology 125. Offered during Interim.


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This course explores childhood and family life in modern India through site visits, observations, lectures, and readings, addressing questions such as: How does India's unique history and culture, population growth, and economic development affect parenting practices, children's self-concept, relationships, and education? How do adolescents in India understand and experience gender roles and the transition to adulthood? How do Indian psychologists and social workers integrate traditional and contemporary approaches in this religiously and linguistically diverse nation? Prerequisite: Psychology 125 or Asian Studies 121 or Family Studies 232 or 242 or permission of the instructor. Offered every 3-4 years during Interim. Counts toward women's and gender studies major and concentration.


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This course provides an introduction to the cultural and historical background of four groups in the United States: African Americans, Native Americans, Latinos, and Asian Americans. Emphasis is on race relations and the distinguishing characteristics of these cultures as reflected in the academic disciplines of the creative and performing arts, the humanities, the social and behavioral sciences, and the general area of popular culture. Contributions to cultural pluralism are accentuated as well as the special issues of identity faced by these Americans. This course emphasizes literary texts. Counts toward American studies major and Africa and the Americas concentration.


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Food holds a central place in many world religions. In their feasts and fasts, holy and forbidden foods, community suppers, festivals, and food shelves, people of faith develop and express their theologies. This course examines food beliefs and practices for religion, in particular the theological significance of food in Christianity and how it compares with other faith traditions. The relation of food to the doctrines of God, Christ, and salvation will have special attention. Prerequisite: BTS-B. Offered periodically during Interim.


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This course examines religion in Italy and Germany at several decisive turning points in the past and today. Students analyze Catholic theology and church practices, from ancient times to the Renaissance, through site visits and events in Rome (city of the popes) and Florence. They examine emergence of Protestantism through activities in the region around Wittenberg, birthplace of Martin Luther's Reformation. They compare the influence of religion in Italian and German culture. Prequisite: BTS-B. Offered during Interim.


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This course explores the notion of sacred places and examines specific sites sacred to ancient people, to Christians, Muslims, and Jews. Students visit both natural places and constructed sites (i.e., temples, churches, mosques, and synagogues). Students attend to scholarly theory, sites' physical characteristics and history, ongoing human interaction, inter-religious dynamics, and their own responses. The interplay of religion, social life, and political power relative to sacred space provides additional thematic focus. Prerequisite: BTS-B. Offered during Interim. Counts toward ancient studies major.


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This class investigates death-related behavior from an American and cross-cultural perspective, seeking to understand patterns of social interaction surrounding and giving meaning to dying, death, and bereavement. Topics include: death meanings and anxiety, religion and death-related customs, the dying process, hospice as a social movement, biomedical issues, the funeral industry, death rituals, and the social understanding of the bereavement process. Offered during Interim. Counts towards American studies major, and biomedical studies (for students through class of 2016) and family studies concentrations.


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Students explore service to human beings as a profession, a vocation, and a volunteer commitment. Who needs help? Who helps? Where? How? What motivates people to help? Using the liberal arts as a foundation for helping people, students study vocational opportunities in areas such as health care, social services, ministry, youth work, and the arts. The class includes lectures, discussions, speakers, and field visits; additional fee. Open only to first year students. Offered during Interim.


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Students explore major challenges affecting the world's people such as population, resource management, economic integration, information, technology, conflict/security and governance with an emphasis on their relation to global citizenship and human rights. This course examines issues from social science and global problem-solving perspectives with particular attention to how culture and place affect human experience. Students engage in discussions, forums, a global village activity and an action project. Materials fee required. Offered during Interim.


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This course studies theater performance through the full-scale mounting of a production during the month of January, followed by public performances at the beginning of spring semester. Students enroll in the class through either an acting audition or a production position interview held in late October or early November. No previous experience is necessary. Selected participants are notified prior to Interim registration. Details about the audition/interview are available by calling the Theater Department office, x3240 or online at the Theater Department website in "Resources." Scripts are available by calling the Theater Department office, x3240. Offered during Interim.


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Designed for the student with previous course work and production work in theater, this course studies theater performance through the full-scale mounting of a production during the month of January, followed by public performances at the beginning of spring semester. Students enroll in the course through either an acting audition or a production position interview held in late October or early November. Selected participants are notified prior to Interim registration. Details about the audition/interview are available by calling the Theater Department Office, x3240 or online at the Theater Department website in "Resources." Scripts are available by calling the Theater Department office, x3240. Prerequisite: Theater 133 or permission of instructor. Offered during Interim.


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This course introduces students to digital photographic processes as a means for creating works of art. Students learn terminology and critical approaches to photography. The course includes presentations on concepts and photographers' works, discussions of articles, and regular critiques. Students are introduced to the history of the medium through presentations and readings. Students develop critical skills and the ability to analyze and interpret photographic work. Materials fee. Offered each semester. Also counts toward management studies concentration.


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This course focuses on the creative use of animation techniques. Students study the principles of animation and produce projects utlilizing a variety of techniques including flipbooks, stop motion photography, animated GIFs, and 2D and 3D computer-generated animation software. Students regularly screen, analyze, and discuss contemporary and historic animations. Materials fee. Offered alternate years. Also counts toward film and media studies major and concentration. Prerequisite: ART 104 or permission of the instructor.


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Illuminated manuscripts remain one of the most recognizable symbols of medieval culture. How were they made? What meanings did they hold for their viewers and readers? This course explores the aesthetic and material aspects of medieval books in their social and historical context, spanning Christian Europe and the Islamic world. Students will also have unique opportunities to examine medieval books in person, and to develop their own bookmaking skills, through class trips and hands-on activities.


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From animation to the avant-garde, this course treads the border lines of Japanese film. Students will interrogate both the concept of "national cinema" and the familiar conventions of narrative film through analysis of films that cross international borders as often as they defy formal conventions. The course calls attention to the work of underrepresented demographics within Japanese film, including women (Kawase Naomi) and ethnic Koreans living in Japan (Yang Yong-hi). Animated films include Miyazaki Hayao's Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind and Momotaro and the Divine Sea Warriors, the first full length Japanese animation feature. Documentaries examine topics ranging from war crimes to Japanese professional wrestling. No knowledge of Japanese language is required.


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This course considers works of anime from the post-World War II period to the present. The course begins with an introduction to the language and theory of Anime Studies. In subsequent weeks, students watch and analyze a variety of anime genres. This course employs a comparative approach to the study of anime; each anime is paired with excerpts from germane works of philosophy or literature. All anime viewed for this course includes English subtitling. Foreign Language Across the Curriculum (FLAC) component course available. Offered periodically. Also counts toward Chinese and Japanese majors.


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Students explore the major genres of Chinese literature -- poetry, short story, novel and drama -- in English translation. A small number of major works are singled out for close attention. Offered annually. Also counts toward Chinese major.


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This course begins with an in-depth look at a plant cell and its physiology, followed by a discussion of whole plant physiology as it relates to cellular functions. Students attend lectures plus one three-hour laboratory per week. Counts as "comparative organismal biology" core category. Prerequisites: BIO 150; and CHEM 121/123 or CHEM 122 or CHEM 125; and CHEM 126; BIO 227 or CH/BI 227 recommended.


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Immunology focuses on the structure, development, and function of the immune system. The course explores the molecular and cellular basis of the immune responses. The application of immunological principles to allergy, autoimmunity, AIDS, transplantation, and cancer are included. Students attend lectures plus one three-hour laboratory per week. Also counts toward biomolecular science concentration. Prerequisites: BIO 227 or CH/BI 227, and BIO 233.


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A quarter-credit course devoted to a broad study of the field of biomolecular science through the reading and discussion of primary and secondary literature across the field. While required of all biomolecular science concentrators, this course is open to all interested students. P/N only. Offered annually in the spring semester. Prerequisite: BIO 150; CHEM 121 and CHEM 123, or CHEM 122, or CHEM 125, or CH/BI 125, or the equivalent.


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Students delve further into the topics of kinetics, thermodynamics and atomic and molecular structure that were introduced in the first-year courses, with an emphasis on the mathematical aspects of chemistry. Specific topics include reaction mechanisms, the laws of thermodynamics, statistical thermodynamics, equilibrium, quantum mechanics, spectroscopy, and molecular orbital theory. Offered each semester. Prerequisites: CHEM 126 or CH/BI 126 or permision of instructor; MATH 126 or MATH 128; and concurrent registration in CHEM 357; previous completion of PHYS 124 or PHYS 130 is recommended


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This course focuses on handling data: visualization, finding patterns, and communicating with data. The primary tools are Python (for transforming data) and R (for visualization and classification). Students work individually and in teams to apply basic principles and explore real-world datasets with a sustainability theme. Offered each semester. Also counts toward statistics and mathematical biology concentrations; one of CSCI 121, CSCI 125, or CSCI 251 counts toward linguistic studies concentration. Prerequisite: calculus or consent of the instructor.


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Students explore special topics in computer science. Topics may vary from year-to-year. The workload in this course is commensurate with a 0.50-credit course. May be repeated if topics are different. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.


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Students explore special topics in computer science. Topics may vary from year-to-year. The workload in this course is commensurate with a 0.25-credit course. May be repeated if topics are different. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.


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The software we design has real effects in people's lives. This course explores the ethical and social considerations inherent in computer-based systems, develops skills in thinking about those considerations and in collecting data to determine their effects, and expands students' abilities to integrate these issues and skills into software development procedures, largely through an extensive team analysis of a "live" software project. Coursework uses extended case studies and surveys topics such as professional and ethical responsibilities, risk, liability, intellectual property, privacy, and computer crime. Offered annually. Also counts toward management studies concentration. Prerequisites: CSCI 251 and completion of or concurrent registration in BTS-T, or permission of instructor.


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This course examines the features of modern operating systems, including detailed consideration of Linux and other example systems. Projects range from system-level programming and multithreaded network programming to kernel modifications. Topics include operating system principles, implementation as system calls, process scheduling and dispatch, concurrency, inter-process communication, programming with threads and sockets, low-level memory management, device management, file systems, security and protection mechanisms, virtual machines, and kernel programming. Offered alternate years. Prerequisites: completion of or concurrent enrollment in CSCI 241 and CSCI 251, or permission of instructor.


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Mobile devices are actually sophisticated and powerful computers. This course explores mobile computing technology by creating applications for the Android platform, including a final team project. The course introduces Java language and provides exposure to graphics user interfaces (GUIs), event-driven programming, APIs, databases, SQL query language, and agile team programming methodologies. Offered alternate years. Prerequisite: CSCI 251 or permission of instructor.


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This course surveys standard topics in the study of algorithms, with an emphasis on complexity analysis and implementation experience. Topics include asymptotic analysis, searching and sorting, divide and conquer, basic graph algorithms, greedy algorithms, dynamic programming, and NP-complete problems. Offered annually in spring semester. Counts toward computer science major and concentration in neuroscience.


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Students engage in the physical practice and theory of the Pilates mat conditioning system. Students increase strength, flexibility, stamina, coordination and body/mind awareness through mindful practice of dynamic alignment, correct body usage, breath control, and anatomical study. The course utilizes rhythmic repetition and flowing movement. Additional exercise props will be used. This course includes repertoire developed to help improve key dance specified areas and is appropriate for all populations and levels of fitness. May be repeated. P/N only. Offered annually.


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Students focus intensively on the dance forms and styles of selected cultures chosen by the instructor in consultation with the students. Ticket/transportation fee required. May be repeated. P/N only. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: DANCE 108 or DANCE 109 or DANCE 124 or permission of instructor.


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This course emphasizes skills necessary to understand and analyze economic data. Topics include descriptive statistics, probability and random variables, sampling theory, estimation and hypothesis testing, and practical and theoretical understanding of simple and multiple regression analysis. Applications to economic and business problems use real data, realistic applications, and econometric/statistical software. Offered each semester. ECON 260 is required for economics majors who do not take both STAT 272 and either ECON 384 or ECON 385. Credit toward the economics major will not be given for ECON 260 following completion of STAT 272. Also counts toward environmental studies major (social science emphasis). Prerequisite: MATH 119 or MATH 120 and one of ECON 110 - ECON 121, or permission of instructor.


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Government action affects us all. We pay taxes; we use public roads, schools, and parks. Some prices we pay are lower due to government subsidies; others are higher due to taxes. Government actions influence both the efficiency of our economy and the equity and equality within our society. Students learn valuable analytical tools for evaluating public projects, tax policies, entitlement programs and voting behavior. Offered annually. Prerequisite: ECON 262 and one of ECON 260, ECON 263, or STAT 272; or permission of instructor.


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This course focuses on the development of the U.S. economy since colonial times and the contributions and limitations of economic analysis and quantitative methods in understanding the economy's evolution. The course explores how economic analysis illuminates past trends and events, and how the historical record can further our understanding of economic principles, theory, and current economic problems. Course topics include colonialism, slavery, industrialization, the economic effects of wars, and the Great Depression. Prerequisites: ECON 261 and/or ECON 262 (at the discretion of the instructor) and one of ECON 260 or ECON 263 or STAT 272, or permission of the instructor.


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This course explores the nature and dynamics of connections that exist between economic agents like firms, banks, countries, and individuals. How do loans between banks cause recessions? How do high schools look to their peers for policy ideas? How does misinformation spread on social media? Students will use economic theory as well as economic data to answer these questions and more. Offered annually in the spring semester. Prerequisites: ECON 260, ECON 261, and ECON 262.


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Students examine how humans learn language as well as how they learn more than one language, as is the case for the vast majority of people. Students also explore the factors that enable or hinder language learning and whether bilinguals are smarter. These are just some of the fascinating issues addressed in the course that combines study of theory, fieldwork-based analysis of learner language, and pedagogical considerations, including a focus on both English and World Langauge learners. Offered annually in the fall semester. Required for ESL licensure and TEFL certificate. Also counts toward linguistic studies concentration. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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Prospective teachers learn strategies to use when communicating with students who are experiencing personal difficulties. Communication with parents, family members and other professionals who have a vested interest in the students' well-being is emphasized. Professional ethics and liability are major components of the course, and role playing is used to help students develop communication expertise. Topics include confidentiality, professional liability and boundaries, crisis intervention, abuse and neglect, mental health, and reporting and making referrals. Recommended sophomore or junior year. Offered each semester. Prerequisite: EDUC 260 or EDUC 290 or permission of instructor.


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As they read a variety of mostly contemporary literature from English-speaking countries around the world, students learn strategies of critical analysis and interpretation. They also practice and develop skills in writing. This course is required of those beginning the English major. It is not recommended for general education students. Offered each semester. Prerequisite: FYW or concurrent enrollment in FYW.


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This course serves as an introduction to African American literature from the 1700s to the 21st century. Students read, analyze, and produce texts that demonstrate a cultural and comparative awareness of the African American experience and how writers negotiate cultural, social, and political contexts. Readings include works of fiction, poetry, and drama. Class discussions and assignments focus on themes such as political freedom, personal freedom, race, identity, spirituality, family, gender, sexuality, and relationships. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: FYW or WRR.


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Students explore African literature as it has evolved from oral traditions like folktales and epics into fiction, poetry, and drama in written form. Topics studied might include literature of particular geographical areas, such as East Africa, a genre such as poetry, or the influence of western literature on that of Africa. Authors studied may include Chinua Achebe, J. M. Coetzee, Nadine Gordimer, Arthur Nortje, Wole Soyinka, Ngugi wa Thiong'o, and Alex La Guma. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: FYW.


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These courses trace the process of literary change during a selected period of approximately one hundred years, providing an experience of chronological breadth and textual variety. Students examine the development of styles, conventions, and forms within a particular national literature or across two or more national literatures. Examples of possible topics include Declarations of Independence in American Literature; Literature of the Atlantic Triangle, 1650-1800; 20th-century British and Irish Modernism. May be repeated if topic is different. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: FYW.


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Students critically examine a variety of national, metro, and local media. Students then learn to write their own news copy, including hard news, features, editorials, arts and entertainment reviews, sports, business, and travel stories. Students also learn UPI/AP style copy editing and proofreading, important skills for students applying for internships and print media jobs. Offered periodically. Also counts toward management studies and media studies concentrations. Prerequisites: FYW and at least sophomore status.


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Students analyze from a broadly cultural view the political, religious, and intellectual debates of Chaucer's day as reflected in his greatest work, the Canterbury Tales. Students examine the Canterbury Tales through the lens of ethics, using readings in ethical theory to better understand moral questions, Chaucer's poetry, and ourselves -- as interpreters of literature and moral agents. Also counts toward medieval studies major. Prerequisites: ENGL 185 plus at least two English courses at level II; completion of BTS-T; or permission of the instructor.


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Engineering Thermodynamics explores the relationship between energy, heat, and work. Students develop the analytical skills to model the movement of energy through a system. Major topics include the laws of thermodynamics, heat transfer processes, control volume analysis, engine cycles, gas and vapor power systems, and refrigeration and heat pump systems. These thermodynamic processes are fundamental to a wide variety of engineering fields. Offered annually in the fall semester. Prerequisites: PHYS 130 and PHYS 131, or PHYS 124, PHYS 125, and CSCI 121 or CSCI 125; and MATH 126.


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Sample Topic: Literature of the Poles
The earth's polar regions are today experiencing the greatest environmental change anywhere on earth. This course explores the historical, literary, and artistic works from places of great beauty and natural extremes: accounts from the turn-of-the-century heroic expeditions; early- to mid-20th-century photographers, writers, and scientists; and the works of contemporary artists photographers, writers, film makers, and scientists who depict conditions and change in the polar regions today.


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Students explore how family relationships are influenced by social, historical, and political contexts. Drawing on a range of disciplinary contexts and research, this course underscores the ways family relationships are constructed, sustained and challenged in society, with emphasis on theories and practice of family communication. Students draw on the relational dynamics studied in the introductory family studies course to transition to elaborating on the complexities of family functioning in U.S. society and beyond. Offered each semester. Also counts toward women's and gender studies major and educational studies and women's and gender studies concentrations.


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This course is an introduction to the major figures, concepts, and debates in film and media theory (1915 to the present day). Although a historical framework informs the structure of this course, students are strongly encouraged to observe similarities and differences within the same schools of theory as well as across different theoretical models and periods. Topics of study include formative and realist film theory, psychoanalysis, semiotics, new and digital media, feminist media theory, and postmodernism. Offered annually in the spring semester beginning spring semester 2021-22. Prerequisite: FILM 101 or permission of instructor.


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Students explore French-speaking regions of the world outside France through the close reading, discussion, and analysis of literary and non-literary texts as well as other cultural artifacts. Readings, discussions, viewings, and written and oral assignments are organized around the exploration of specific topics or themes. May be repeated if geographical region is different. Taught in French. Offered at least alternate years. Also counts toward management studies concentration; counts toward Africa and the African Diaspora concentration when topic is Francophone Africa. Prerequisite: minimum of one 250-level course (two recommended).


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This course emphasizes critical thinking, conversation, collaboration, and academic habits for the liberal arts. Students learn key skills like locating and evaluating academic sources, as well as reading, reflecting, and responding to texts. Students will cultivate their own curiosity while also learning how to engage in community, better understanding their responsibilities to each other. OLE Seminar is part of the First-Year Experience, which includes two distinct activities to support college transition: students participate in structured and sustained orientation to support their academic and co-curricular development, and students reflect on this development.


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This course emphasizes critical thinking, conversation, collaboration, and academic habits for the liberal arts. Students learn key skills like locating and evaluating academic sources, as well as reading, reflecting, and responding to texts. Students will cultivate their own curiosity while also learning how to engage in community, better understanding their responsibilities to each other.


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Required for the gender and sexuality studies major and concentration, this course introduces students to the concept of gender as a category of analysis. It is designed for students who seek a fuller understanding of themselves as women and men and a wider knowledge of the experiences and achievements of women. Offered each semester. Also counts toward educational studies concentration.


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This seminar examines the social and political role of warfare in ancient Greek and Roman history. Students investigate the concepts of war and peace by considering the role of the soldier within society, details of tactics and logistics, and the impact of warfare on both combatants and non-combatants alike. The seminar uses primary sources to examine these themes. Offered periodically. Also counts toward ancient studies and classics majors. Prerequisite: first-year student standing.


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An overview of the evolution of Latin American societies since 1750, this course examines the consequences of independence, 19th-century economic imperialism, and 20th-century transitions to more urbanized, industrialized ways of life. Students examine major Latin American nations and compare their revolutionary and counter-revolutionary trajectories toward the establishment of authoritarian states. Foreign Languages Across the Curriculum (FLAC) course is often available in Spanish. Offered periodically. Also counts toward Latin American studies major and concentration.


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This course begins with the Communist revolution of 1917 and traces the growth of the Soviet Union under Lenin, Stalin, and their successors. Students analyze the "crisis" of the Soviet system in order to explain why the last of the European empires collapsed in 1991. Foreign Language Across the Curriculum (FLAC) course periodically available in Russian. Offered alternate years. Also counts toward Russian area studies and women's and gender studies majors; and management studies and women's and gender studies concentrations.


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This course explores topics in the history of Africa, Asia, or Latin America, designed to emphasize active skills of critical reading, textual and contextual analysis, historiographical argument, and historical writing. Recent topics have included "American Empire: A Cultural History of US-Latin America Relations" and "Imperialism and Nationalism in Southeast Asia." Primarily for history majors; others by permission of instructor. Offered periodically. Also counts toward management studies concentration.


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This course explores China across the tumultuous 20th century. Beginning in 1911, students discuss the schools of thought that changed daily life in China: fascism, nationalism, anarchism, feminism, socialism, and communism. The course examines China post-1949 through the reform period of the 1980s. Through close readings of primary sources in English translation, students investigate what constitutes revolution as a theory and practice in modern China, and how a revolution begins, continues, declines, and rekindles. Offered annually. Also counts toward Asian studies and Chinese majors and Asian studies and management studies concentrations.


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This survey of modern Japan from 1800 to the present examines the political transformation of the Meiji Restoration, the industrial revolution and social and cultural change, the rise and fall of party government, militarism and Japanese expansionism in World War II, the American occupation, and postwar social, political, economic, and cultural developments. Offered alternate years. Also counts toward Asian studies and Japanese majors and Asian studies and management studies concentrations.


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This course traces the history of human rights, politics, and ideas in Latin America. Students examine strategies which people have used to claim rights, ask how people developed ideas of "the human" in the colonial era, examine how independence problematized the idea of universal rights, and watch the development of human rights politics in the twentieth century. Students critically examine human rights and challenges to their realization across the region. Offered annually in the spring. Also counts toward the Latin American studies concentration.


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In this course, students read creative works written by immigrants to Minnesota, from nineteenth century arrivals from Nordic countries to contemporary works that reflect the diversity of recent immigrants to this state. Historical studies of immigration to Minnesota contextualize literary works. In this discussion-based course, students problematize the idea of a unifying "immigrant experience," and instead explore how creative works render visible the unique challenges immigrants, and their communities, face. Offered periodically in the spring. Also counts toward the Nordic studies major and concentration. Prerequisite: WRIT120, WRIT 111, or equivalent.


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This course surveys women's experience in American life from the colonial period to the present. Students examine the changing economic, social, and legal status of women, society's attitudes toward women, and the growth of feminism. Offered periodically. Also counts toward gender and sexuality studies major and family studies and gender and sexuality studies concentrations.


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This course seeks to provide a broad understanding about the role law has played in the history and society of North America and the United States from late colonial times into the twenty-first century. The course will focus on intersections of legal history with such themes as race, class, gender and sexuality, citizenship, and empire. Over the course of the semester, students will engage with historiography and analyze historical documents to uncover not only how people think of and create law, but how law has historically shaped our social realities. This course seeks to analyze "what law does" and why it is a fundamental part of our daily lives.


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The US is often referred to as a "nation of immigrants." But who does this idea include and who does it leave out? How is immigration history a part of our present? How do immigrants’ stories deepen our understanding about public attitudes and policies? Do all immigrants have the same ability to move through and beyond national borders? What impacts do immigration law, policy, and enforcement have on immigrants and the country as a whole? This course provides students an overview of U.S. immigration history and an introduction to scholarly methods, approaches, and debates that shape understandings of migration. We will consider histories of race and colonialism alongside insights from Native American, African American, Asian American, and Chicana/o Studies.


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How have Europeans understood race, ethnicity, and nation? This course explores intellectual, social, cultural, and political history of human differences and how concepts of race, ethnicity, and nation developed and evolved. Beginning with the arrival of Africans in Europe’s greatest courts in the 16th century and moving to present-day antisemitism and Islamophobia, we examine sources from philosophers, abolitionists, enslaved people, anthropologists, politicians, migrants, and propagandists. This course comes with a trigger warning: offensive words and phrases and negative graphic depictions are part of course content and discussions as part of learning the historical context.


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This .25 credit online course supports the curriculum of off-campus semester and year-long programs with International and Off-campus Studies[IOS]-approved providers. It is not for students who are going on faculty-led IOS programs. Students read articles and chapters exploring intercultural communication, globalization, and identity. Students reflect on their experiences off-campus, discuss global systems that connect learning, and also engage in discussions of identity across borders. Course topics include identity, globalization, intercultural communication, adjusting to a new environment, defining culture, and understanding through intercultural practices. Offered fall and spring semesters. Prerequisite: registration in off-campus semester or year-long program.


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Students with individual majors may register for their senior integrative projects in each semester of the senior year. The first semester, which is generally used for research and other preparation in consultation with the student's adviser, receives a P/N evaluation; the second semester, which includes a final presentation of the project, receives a grade. A brief description of the student's major and senior project appears on the transcript.


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The course begins with a review of cellular physiology and the digestive system, which are the basic components necessary for metabolic processes. Students examine the roles nutrient selection, metabolism, and timing play in supporting physical performance. The integration and regulation of metabolism, energy expenditure, and body composition will be discussed. An advanced overview of the functions of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, fluids, vitamins, and minerals that are determinants of health and diseases will be conducted. Offered annually. Prerequisite: BIO 143 and BIO 243, declared kinesiology major.


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This course presents the fundamental principles of exercise testing and prescription for both healthy and special needs individuals. Students explore techniques for assessing fitness and prescribing exercise using a variety of ergometers for improvement of health fitness parameters. Students also utilize case studies and laboratory experiences. Topics include health/medical histories, submaximal graded exercise testing, and assessment of strength, flexibility, pulmonary functions, and body composition. Offered annually. Also counts toward management studies concentration. Prerequisites: senior exercise science major; BIO 143, BIO 243 and ESTH 375.


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Strange things happened on the ancient Roman stage; this course gives students firsthand proof of that. The comedies of Plautus and Terence and the tragedies of Seneca make entertaining reading. Students translate selected plays and discuss the evolution of the Roman theater, staging, and modern interpretations. Offered periodically. Also counts toward ancient studies and medieval studies majors. Prerequisite: LATIN 231 or equivalent.


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Students learn about and analyze the English language, beginning with the building blocks of language: morphology, syntax, semantics, and phonetics/phonology. Students also explore the ways humans acquire language, social and geographical influences on English, and major changes during thehistory of the English language. The course serves as an introduction to the linguistic studies concentration, and fulfills the linguistics requirement of the Communication Arts and Literature license. Prerequisite: FYW.


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"Multiethnolects" is a collective term for urban contact languages that develop in multiethnic neighborhoods. Students learn to analyze the language structure of multiethnolects, the role of language in social groups, and how people express their identities through language. They also investigate perspectives on multiethnolects from outside the speech community, e.g., how attitudes towards "non-standard" languages influence public debates, and how those debates on language are used as a battleground for resistance against societal change. Offered periodically in the spring semester.Also counts toward the German and Norwegian majors. Also counts toward the German studies and Nordic studies concentrations. Prerequisite: LNGST 250 or equivalent.


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We derive solutions of a differential equations system capturing the dynamics of quantum transduction using Laplace methods. The system models a realistic quantum transducer with multiple sources of energy loss.


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In this course students use topics in discrete mathematics to engage in problem solving, abstract mathematical thinking, and logical reasoning. Students practice proof writing in multiple contexts, including: propositional and predicate logic; the foundations of set theory, functions, and relations; elementary number theory; arithmetic and geometric progressions; permutations, combinations, and basic probability; and graph theory. Offered annually in the spring. Also counts toward computer science major and management studies concentration. Prerequisites: Either CSCI 221 or one of MATH 126 or MATH 128.


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This course introduces the key elements of marketing principles. Topics include evaluating market opportunities; buyer behavior; market segmentation, targeting, and positioning; market strategy and planning; development of marketing mix; and marketing organization and control. Students are challenged to apply the principles learned in class to current and real world marketing issues. The course includes readings, case study analysis, in-class exercises and group projects. Offered each semester. Also counts toward media studies concentration. Prerequisite: one of Economics 110-121 and sophomore standing or above, or permission of instructor.


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This course familiarizes the student with the major management functions of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. The study of management theory is linked with application exercises. Students begin to develop the management skills necessary in any organization, whether it be a for-profit or not-for-profit venture, a small business, or a large corporation.This course is required for all students pursuing a management studies concentration. Offered each semester. Prerequisite: one of Economics 110-121 and sophomore standing or above, or permission of instructor.


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This course teaches students how to develop a business or not-for-profit venture concept using the Design Thinking Process. Students work in teams to identify a customer need, design a strategy, and determine feasibility of the proposed venture. Ethical practice permeates these discussions. Weekly assignments develop the necessary speaking skills that prepare students for the final plan presentation. Local entrepreneurs and fellow students critique the final plan and offer suggestions. Offered annually in the spring. Prerequisite: sophomore standing or above.


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First-semester music majors begin formal musicianship studies. Students perform rhythms and melodies at sight. Students also analyze and compose Western tonal music that employs non-dominant seventh chords, applied chords, sequences, modulations, and small forms. These topics are closely integrated into melodic and harmonic dictations. Class meets four times weekly. Offered annually. Prerequisite: MUSIC 112. Concurrent registration in piano class strongly encouraged.


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Third-semester music majors continue formal musicianship studies. Students analyze and compose Western art music in styles from 1875 to the present, including late-nineteenth-century chromaticism, serialism and set theory, impressionism and neoclassicism, and blues and jazz styles. Performance and dictation studies follow these topics closely, including an introduction to jazz improvisation. Class meets four times weekly. Offered annually. Prerequisite: MUSIC 114.


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This course introduces students to the cultural, theoretical, and aesthetic discourses of the Javanese Gamelan tradition. Incorporating lectures, discussions, audiovisual materials, and performance sessions with internationally renowned artists, this interdisciplinary course teaches students about historical and contemporary contexts for gamelan performance, shadow puppet theatre, and dance, and their relationship to religious practice, gender roles, and social and political life in Java and beyond. No previous musical experience required. Offered annually. Also counts toward Asian studies major.


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Participants prepare for performance of a one-act opera or opera scenes. Students receive coaching and performance experience through individual and group singing/acting exercises. The course culminates with staged and costumed public performances. Open to all students. May be repeated once. A class fee may be required. Offered periodically during Interim. Prerequisites: two semesters of voice study or permission of instructor.


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Students survey the solo art song repertoire of France, England, the United States, and the Nordic countries. This course highlights the significant features and development of the art song, and provides context, approaches, and resources for studying this literature. Coursework includes in-class performance. Offered spring semester 2019-20 and alternate years. Prerequisites: MUSIC 214 and MUSIC 141 or permission of instructor; MUSIC 263 and MUSIC 264 preferred.


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Beginning with the 17th century, students trace the evolution of literature for piano through the major works of such diverse composers as Bach, Boulez, Couperin, and Cage. Course content includes lectures, readings, listening, analysis, performance, and written assignments. Special attention is paid to performance practice traditions and historical context. Offered periodically. Prerequisites: MUSIC 214, MUSIC 241, and MUSIC 242, or permission of instructor.


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This course examines the representation of nature from creation narratives of Norse myth, 19th century nation-building, and up to present concerns about climate change and environmental destruction in the Nordic region. Students examine central works and contested notions of nature. Alongside these, they will be introduced to ecocriticism as a method of textual analysis. This method provides an entryway into the environmental humanities, and an opportunity to explore what makes Nordic literature and culture unique. Offered periodically. Also counts toward environmental studies major, and environmental studies and Nordic studies concentrations.


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This course offers an in-depth investigation of a selected topic from Norwegian literary or cultural history. Topics may be organized by period (Realism, Postwar literature), historical events (literature and World War II), important themes (feminism, social democracy, religion and secularism), or genre (Norwegian poetry, literature and film). The course also emphasizes development of critical, interpretive, and research skills, as well as refinement of Norwegian language proficiency. This course is taught in Norwegian. Offered annually. Also counts toward Nordic studies concentration. Prerequisite: Norwegian 253 or equivalent.


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Is there anything about the human mind that cannot in principle be understood scientifically? Are we just complex physical machines? This course looks at recent attempts to answer such questions. Students examine the philosophical foundations of various approaches to the study of the mind and consider the possible moral and social implications of these approaches with respect to questions of free will, personal identity, and our responsibility for our actions. Offered annually. Also counts toward neuroscience concentration.


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This course surveys the influential philosophical traditions of India and China. Students explore the major traditions including Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Confucianism, and Taoism and consider other traditions with which they have interacted. Where appropriate, comparisons are drawn to Western philosophical traditions. Offered periodically. Also counts toward Asian studies major.


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This course clarifies central concepts and distinctions developed in the literature of moral philosophy and applications of those concepts and distinctions to concrete moral problems that arise in the practice of medicine. Issues may include euthanasia, abortion, medical paternalism, allocation of scarce medical resources, culturally sensitive medical care, pandemics, and conflicts of loyalty in managed care. Readings are drawn from both philosophical and medical discussions. Offered annually. Also counts toward neuroscience concentration. Prerequisite: BTS-T or permission of instructor.


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Students examine contemporary approaches to classical issues in ethics and theory of value: the nature of moral judgments; theories of moral obligation and value; the concept of moral responsibility; and the relation of morality to science, religion, and law. May be repeated if topic is different. Prerequisites: two courses in philosophy, one of which must be either PHIL 235 or PHIL 236 or permission of the department chair; BTS-T or permission of instructor.


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This course takes a holistic, process approach to design. Student teams identify human-centered needs, define problems, develop and prototype solutions, test, redesign, and present final recommendations. This hands-on course emphasizes the application of scientific principles, analysis, and design to real world problems. Students write throughout the course to develop and share ideas. Offered annually during Interim. Prerequisites: MATH 119 or MATH 120 and at least one of the following: PHYS 130, PHYS 124, CHEM 121, CHEM 122, CHEM 125, CH/BI 125, BIO 150, PSYCH 125, CSCI 121, or permission of instructor.


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Economic statecraft refers to states' use of economic means to pursue foreign policy goals and political ends. This seminar provides students with advanced study of economic statecraft tools, which often combine economic rewards and punishments. Specifically, students explore when and how governments choose from their economic statecraft repertoire, and assess the effectiveness of the available tools, including but not limited to foreign aid, bilateral trade and investment, and economic sanctions. Offered annually in the fall semester. Prerequisite: PSCI 220 and one course in the international relations subfield, or permission of the instructor.


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With recent advances in neuroscience, we can now describe the biological correlates of many psychological disorders, including schizophrenia, depression and anxiety disorders. In this discussion-based course, students use published research findings to examine the connections between the symptoms of these pathologies and changes in brain neurobiology, biochemistry, and physiology. Offered periodically. Also counts toward neuroscience concentration. Prerequisites: PSYCH 230 and PSYCH 247, and PSYCH 238 or NEURO 239.


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How did the Bible become “the Bible”? Introduces students to the dynamic social, literary, and intellectual development of scriptural traditions that emerge as the Hebrew Bible and its further development into ancient Jewish literature, Christian Scriptures, and Rabbinic Judaism. The course emphasizes Scripture as a vital, unfolding notion in human culture, with particular attention to the Ancient Israelite and Jewish communities that produced them. Students will encounter academic practices in the study of religious texts.


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This course compares Christian and Islamic conceptions of the relationship between God and humanity, as foundations for thinking about moral excellence and obligation. It also considers and compares how theological commitments and methods in each religious tradition affect approaches to particular ethical issues such as sexuality, war, and politics. Students work with scripture, film, polemical literature, judicial texts, and theological texts. Offered periodically. Prerequisites: BTS-T or permission of instructor.


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This course introduces students to the theological interpretation of Genesis. Topics include history of the book's composition; its distinctive emphases and themes; the history of its interpretation and cultural influence, particularly on questions of human nature, sin, divine promise, and faith; and current issues (i.e., ecojustice, race, gender and sexuality, human identity and difference). Theoretical issues related to biblical authority and the role of the interpreter are also addressed. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: BTS-B.


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This course explores the meaning and significance of Jesus Christ in major New Testament writings: the Gospels, the letters of Paul, Hebrews, Revelation. Students also examine the development of New Testament ideas about Christ in subsequent Christian tradition, both classical and contemporary. Offered annually. Also counts toward ancient studies major. Prerequisite: BTS-B.


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Comparative theology is the study and interpretation of one religion in conversation with the texts, symbols, and practices of other religious traditions. It aims to discover new theological insights from another or from one's own tradition. The readings for this course explore the nature of comparative theology as a method of doing theology, drawing upon both theoretical paradigms in the field and religious texts contributing to Christianity's dialogue with other movements and traditions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Judaism, Islam, Shinto, Confucianism, Taoism, Chinese Traditional Religion, African Diasporic Traditions, Wicca/Neo-Paganism, indigenous religions and spiritualities, and New Religious Movements. Offered annually.


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This course introduces students to the history of religion in America in the context of American culture, paying attention to the formal structures and to questions of what "being religious" has meant to Americans. The course considers the range of religious traditions in the U.S.A. while attending to the Christian majority and variety within it. The course focuses specifically on the experiences and contributions of women and minorities. Counts toward women's and gender studies major and concentration. Prerequisite: BTS-B.


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Students consider the present situation and future prospects of Roman Catholic theology through an engagement with the figures and events that have most deeply shaped Catholic theology in the 20th and 21st centuries. The course also examines recent Catholic views on the central topics of Christian theology, God, Christ, salvation and the Church, and the relationship of these views to Protestant ideas about the same issues. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: BTS-B.


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The nature and boundaries of communities, as well as the quality of relationships within communities, are determined by theology as well as by social, political, and ethnic factors. Students examine the ways in which the world's religions, particularly Christianity, have interpreted each other's significance and truth claims and considers the ethical implications of these different responses. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: BTS-T or permission of instructor.


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Students critically analyze the development of Christian thought from its beginnings to the 9th century. Special attention is placed on the theological controversies which led to the formation of the Christian community's central doctrines: God as Trinity, Jesus Christ as divine and human, salvation as divine action and human response. Students read from Irenaeus, Origen, Athanasius, Augustine, and others. Offered periodically. Also counts toward ancient studies and medieval studies majors. Prerequisite: BTS-B.


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This course compares gender patterns and issues in various cultures around the world, such as Latin America, the Middle East, India, the U.S., and East Asia. How do cultural expectations for women and men vary? Why do some societies have more gender equality than others? How do economic and political change, including globalization, impact gender roles? How do U.S. and Third World feminism compare? Offered annually in the fall or spring semester. Also counts toward race and ethnic studies and women's and gender studies majors; and Africa and the African Diaspora, management studies, race and ethnic studies, and women's and gender studies concentrations.


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This course explores the complex human interaction with drugs. The readings examine historical trajectories of substance use and the ways drugs shaped the development of civilization. Students learn more about how drugs work biologically and socially, as well as reasons why drugs can create powerful forms of addiction that often resist treatment. Ethnographic evidence vividly depicts the layered intersection of drugs, addiction, and therapeutic intervention in the United States and elsewhere.


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Students explore diverse experiences of modern Latin America through the lenses of gender and race, which provide a productive framework for examining economic, class, and other key aspects of Latin American society. Students will work with a variety of sources, both literary and non-literary, including articles, images, documents, and at least one substantive literary work. This cultural analysis provides for the development of critical reading and writing skills (e.g., description, narration, exposition, and argumentation). Taught in Spanish. Offered each semester. Also counts toward Latin American studies, race and ethnic studies, and women’s and gender studies majors and international relations, race and ethnic studies, and women’s and gender studies concentrations. Prerequisite: SPAN 232 or SPAN 233 or SPAN 234 or placement.


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Students examine the diverse elements that have shaped Latin American culture through an exploration of political, social, economic, religious, and artistic topics. They develop critical analysis skills through reading, discussion, and written and/or oral projects. The course features the study of selected literary and non-literary texts, including at least one substantive literary work. Taught in Spanish. Offered periodically. Also counts toward Latin American studies major. Prerequisite: SPAN 250.


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This is an introductory course for the liberal arts. Students learn study design principles and develop statistical literacy and reasoning. They learn to describe distributions, assess if known distributions fit their data, estimate population values with confidence intervals, and assess statistical significance with hypothesis tests (e.g., chi-square, z-, and t-tests, ANOVA, correlation, and regression). Not recommended for students who have completed a term of calculus. STAT 110, STAT 212, and ECON 260 all provide an introduction to statistics, and students should not take more than one; they all can serve as a prerequisite for further courses. Offered each semester. Also counts toward environment studies major (social science emphasis) and exercise science major.


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A first course in statistical methods for scientists, this course addresses issues for proposing/designing an experiment, as well as exploratory and inferential techniques for analyzing and modeling scientific data. Topics include probability models, exploratory graphics, descriptive techniques, statistical designs, hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, and simple/multiple regression. Offered each semester. Enrollment limited for seniors. STAT 110, STAT 212, and ECON 260 all provide an introduction to statistics and students should not take more than one; they all can serve as a prerequisite for further courses. Also counts toward environmental studies major (natural science and social science emphases), exercise science major, and management studies and mathematical biology concentrations.


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A first course in statistical methods for scientists, this course addresses issues for proposing/designing an experiment, as well as exploratory and inferential techniques for analyzing and modeling scientific data. Topics include probability models, exploratory graphics, descriptive techniques, statistical designs, hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, and simple/multiple regression. Offered each semester. Enrollment limited for seniors. STAT 110, STAT 212, and ECON 260 all provide an introduction to statistics and students should not take more than one; they all can serve as a prerequisite for further courses. Also counts toward environmental studies major (natural science and social science emphases), kinesiology major, and management studies and mathematical biology concentrations.


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This course takes a case-study approach to the fitting and assessment of statistical models with application to real data. Specific topics include multiple regression, model diagnostics, and logistic regression. The approach focuses on problem-solving tools, interpretation, mathematical models underlying analysis methods, and written statistical reports. Offered each semester. Also counts toward environmental studies major (natural science and social science emphases) and management studies, mathematical biology, and neuroscience concentrations. Prerequisite: STAT 110 or STAT 212 or ECON 260 or equivalent preparation, or permission of instructor.


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Social work majors study scientific philosophies and approaches to ethical knowledge building for social work practice. The course includes an overview of the research process using both quantitative and qualitative methods, with special attention to how research knowledge informs generalist social work practice. Open to non-majors by permission of instructor. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward management studies concentration. Prerequisite: social work major.


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This studio course is designed as an overview of the acting process for the non-major and includes basic acting theories, rehearsal techniques, improvisation, history, and styles. Students explore and practice exercises, scene work, and audition material. The course requires trips to professional theaters in the Twin Cities. A ticket fee is required. This course does not fulfill the acting requirement for the major.


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This studio course is centered on training the actor's instrument and developing basic acting skills including characterization, vocal production, physical and emotional connection, motivation and ensemble work. Students learn history of actor training from Stanislavski to present. Exercises, improvisation, monologue and scene work are all explored. This course requires trips to professional theaters in the Twin Cities. A ticket fee is required. Offered each semester. Also counts toward film studies concentration.


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This course engages students in academic and public discourse (audience, purpose, genre, context) related to a particular topic. Students write in multiple genres and engage in writing as a systematic, interactive process. They understand, evaluate, and use appropriate technologies for different purposes and audiences. Writing and Rhetoric is part of the FirstYear Experience, which includes two distinct activities to support college transition: students participate in structured and sustained orientation to support their academic and cocurricular development, and students reflect on this development.


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An intimate connection grows between us and the places we call home. This seminar takes this connection as its starting point, investigating our private spaces and those we share, sometimes unwillingly, with strangers. To this end, we will discuss sociological studies about how we express ourselves in the spaces we inhabit, consider some of the philosophical connections between domestic spaces and the people we have the capacity to become, and examine the history of the rooms and technologies we live in and with every day. To help us investigate these topics thoughtfully, we will draw from literary nonfiction, history, sociology, literary criticism, philosophy, and journalism. These readings will come from both traditional academic sources as well as popular ones. Essays will include a close reading of an image, a researched history of a domestic room or technology, and a response to a philosophical argument about the power of spaces to shape who we are.


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What are the natural places you know best, and how have they shaped you? This seminar focuses on writers who narrate a personal experience with nature. We will discuss a range of genres, including creative non-fiction, memoir, and ethnography. We will ask how the natural world shapes individual and community identities, how nature is defined differently in various cultures, and how we can understand ourselves as participants in ecological systems. Students will work on the process of writing in various genres, culminating in a final research paper in which they further investigate a natural place they have experienced and write about its meaning for them.


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Building on explorations in the Fall and Interim, this seminar will examine the following questions: What motivates and inspires human beings to nurture existing relationships with their environment and/or to seek a change in those relationships? What are strategies and actions for solving environmental challenges? What role will I play in Earth's future? (and in my community...). In navigating these questions, we will look through an interdisciplinary lens, engaging with a sustained research paper, creating art, and thinking about how we can take scholarship and personal explorations and translate them into civic engagement.


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This course provides a sequential introduction to physical chemistry. Beginning with an introduction to statistical aspects of chemical equilibria, it explores the relationships between energy, entropy and equilibria (thermodynamics); oxidation-reduction reactions and electrochemistry; transitions between phases; and rates of reactions. Students attend three classes and one three-hour laboratory per week. Offered annually in the spring semester. Prerequisite: CHEM 125, or CHEM 121 and CHEM 123 and MATH 119 or MATH 120 or permission of instructor.


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This course is a continuation of CHEM 247 topics. Chemistry 248 delves into the chemistry of functional groups, especially those that play a role in the reactivity of biomolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins ,and nucleic acids. Together, CHEM 247 and CHEM 248 provide a full treatment of introductory organic chemistry. Offered annually in the spring semester. Counts toward environmental studies major (natural science emphasis). Prerequisite: CHEM 247 or permission of instructor.


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This course is a continuation of CHEM 253. Students gain more experience with techniques used in CHEM 253 and in addition use gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analyses. Students attend one three-hour laboratory each week. P/N only. Offered annually in the spring semester. Counts toward environmental studies major (natural science emphasis). Prerequisites: CHEM 253 and previous or concurrent registration in CHEM 248.


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This interdisciplinary, topics-based course explores contemporary issues in science with emphasis on developing students' understanding of scientific and quantitiative approaches to problem solving. Specific topics, ranging from environmental chemistry and public health to biomechanics and genetics, vary from year to year. Students attend nine hours of lectures or small group discussion sections, two to three hours of quantitative workshops, and four hours of laboratory per week. Does not count toward any major. The course is taught with WRIT 109. Prerequisite: acceptance into the Summer Bridge Program. Offered annually during the summer.


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This course analyzes issues concerning race and social justice from the perspective of normative ethical frameworks and various theories of value. Students investigate, interpret, and critique both intellectual foundations and reasons for endorsement of the various approaches to study in grace and social justice. Students pay critical attention tohow the black intellectual tradition understands the meanings and moral implications of such ideas. Offered occasionally during Interim. Counts toward race and ethnic studies concentration. Prerequisite: BTS-T or permission of instructor.


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This class aims to better understand the racial climate in the United States, and the implications for American politics. Differing analytical perspectives from political science are used to interpret the role of race. A central question is the degree to which "post-racial" is an appropriate description of the current era. Counts toward race and ethnic studies major and concentration.


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Students explore the continuing significance of color, class, and immigration in the U.S., with a focus on the experiences and concerns of African Americans, Native Americans, Hispanics/Latinos, and Asian-Americans. The course examines the nature and functions of prejudice; the relationship among race, class and gender; the persistence of racism and inequality; and social policies and social movements intended to create greater social justice. Offered annually in the fall or spring semester.


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This course prepares McNair Scholars for the rigors of academic writing. The enrolled students represent a variety of disciplines, so this course is not meant to replace discipline-specific research methods or writing courses. Students review disciplinary scholarly literature, prepare a formal poster presentation, practice communicating their work to different audiences, explore the historical and social contexts of academic writing, and reflect on their own summer experience. Offered every summer. Prerequisite: successful completion of Writing and Rhetoric.


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This course focuses on the development of pieces of video art. Students study the rudiments of visual storytelling by developing their own short projects. Students study all aspects of production from concept to screening, including idea generation, pre-production planning, lighting, shooting, editing, and sound mixing, with special emphasis on innovative approaches to narrative form. Prerequisites: Art 104, Art 228, and basic Photoshop skills; or permission of instructor Materials fee. Offered alternate years. Counts toward film studies concentration.


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Modern and ancient sagas and fantastic works pose important theological questions such as the nature of reality in fantasy, the Eucharist, honor, gift, the grotesque, evil, salvation in Christ, and life as a quest and pilgrimage. They also raise valuable problems about the relationship of Christian beliefs to cultural narratives. Students may read J.R.R. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings, G.K. Chesterton, and selected sagas, alongside of theological writings. Prerequisite: BTS-B. Offered during Interim.


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Would you like to revisit the pleasures of bedtime stories, your first chapter book, and the adventures of characters you've grown to love (or hate)? This course combines the fun of children's literature-focusing on twentieth-century classics from the US and England-with a different sort of fun, the intellectual gratification of critical reading. How do books from Winnie-the-Pooh to Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone imagine their child readers? How do these books appeal to the dual audience of the children who enjoy them and the adults who purchase them? What relationships can we trace between the fantastic world of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland or The Hobbit and the historical and cultural realities of their authors readers? What to picture books and chapter books have to say about race, gener, socioeconomic class, education, ethics, and politics? By reading children's literature carefully and in context, we will develop a greater appreciation of this genre's range, artistic accomplishments, and cutlural significance.


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The seminar examines Africans in dispersion/Diaspora as students interrogate the African background of African Americans and links between Africans and African Americans. The course examines the dynamics of precolonial West African societies; the nature of the interaction between Africa and the New World; and the role Africans, African culture, and African institutions played in the political, economic, cultural, and religious life of the New World. Students examine the ties that bind Africans and African Americans and explore questions such as: To what extent was the iconography of Africa used to mobilize Africans in dispersion? How effectively was the consciousness of Africa sustained in the New World? What are the contributions of African Americans to Africa? Also counts toward history, race and ethnic studies, and social studies education majors, and race and ethnic studies concentration.


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This course examines architectural monuments and their symbolic forms combined with evidence of earthly and divine concepts. From cave dwellings to geodesic domes, from Eastern to Western systems, students review sacred and profane structures from a variety of cultures. Each student investigates a living reality of space, function, and form found in human-built environments. Offered annually.


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This course introduces the history of Japanese art, offering a survey of major artistic developments from neolithic times to the present. Among the topics considered: funerary remains of the neolithic through Kofun eras; Indigenous as well as imported religious traditions and their imagery, and the secular arts. Issues discussed include production and patronage, function, and borrowing and influence in the evolution of artistic works. Offered annually.


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This seminar explores methods by which art historians and curators analyze works of art. Students develop an advanced understanding of these methods by application of various methods to works of art, by examining historical factors surrounding principle movements in the study of art history and by engaging in lively class debates about them. Readings, discussions, and presentations culminate in an independent research project that allows each student to find their own place in the discipline. Offered annually. Prerequisite: art history major or permission of the instructor.


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This course develops and stimulates research into the emotional/expressive properties of painting. By investigating thematic, compositional, and technical problems, students develop a personalized approach to ideas and content. Students learn the importance of process, flexibility, alternatives, and the recognition that a painting has a life of its own. Materials fee. Offered annually. Prerequisite: ARTS 102.


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This sculpture course introduces students to metal forming, shaping, fastening and brazing, and welding. Both majors and non-majors discover an art and industrial process that has great artistic and practical application. The course makes use of hands-on instruction, readings, slide talks, and discussion. Course does not cover metal casting. Materials fee. Offered annually. Prerequisite: ARTS 103.


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Emphasizing individual concepts, personal expression and strong composition, this course explores relief and lithography. Using large-scale, multicolor moveable block, collagraph, wood, or lino block techniques and lithography stones or aluminum plates in both black and white and color. Students produce multiple images on one of the department's three presses. Students become familiar with the heritage of old masters as well as contemporary artists in printmaking. Materials fee. Offered annually. Prerequisite: ARTS 102.


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This course introduces students to the medium of graphic design as a method of enhanced communication. The course explores the design communication process including conceptualization, creative processes, terminology, and technology. Assignments introduce computer applications used in the graphic design profession as well as graphic design elements of typography, production, color theory, digital printing processes, and basic web design. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: ARTS 104 or permission of the instructor.


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Sound has long captured the imaginations of artists as a unique and expressive medium with which to create soundscapes, interactive art, sculptures, installations, film, custom instruments, and as accompaniment to painting. In this topics course, we will look at the history and evolution of sound as an artistic and interdisciplinary medium with which to tell stories, conduct research, and create artwork and spaces. Students will develop a variety of projects through field recording and electronic sound generation, spatialized audio design, data sonification, and sound installation that may intersect with other media. Prerequisite: ARTS 104.


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This capstone course in the studio art program consists of advanced studio work, a visiting artist series, weekly critiques, and discussions with faculty and peers. Each student's independent work with a faculty advisor culminates in a senior exhibition at Flaten Art Museum. Weekly sessions also cover such topics as preparing a resume, documenting one's work, framing, and producing exhibition announcements and posters. Offered annually. Prerequisites: (for non-studio majors) ARTS 102, ARTS 103, ARTS 104, two upper-level (200-300) courses, one art history course, and permission of chair.


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Can we imagine Russia beyond Russian culture and the Russian-dominated history of the country? This course offers students the opportunity to delve into the rich histories and cultures of the Indigenous peoples of North Asia through an examination of historical texts, documentaries, films, and novels. Students will engage with a wide range of Indigenous writings, including pictographic and ideographic texts that have survived Russian colonization and Soviet collectivization, Indigenous autobiographies supported by Orthodox missionaries and Soviet institutions, socialist realist novels, and experimental de- and post-colonial works. We will seek to interrogate these texts within the context of Russian and Soviet history and through the lens of theoretical and ethnographic work relating to the broader Indigenous world.


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Students read a selection of 20th & 21st century Japanese literary works written by women. Close readings and class discussions focus on representations of the (female) body and bodily/embodied experiences in the assigned texts. What do these representations reveal about specific social contexts and gendered roles/expectations in Japanese society? Gender is a primary analytical concern, and students must feel comfortable reading about and discussing gender, sexuality, and the body. All course materials are read in English translation. No knowledge of Japanese is required. Offered periodically during January term.


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A rich array of diasporic literature is set amongst the Pacific waves, tracing not only life journeys between homelands and islands, but also racial and ethnic tensions compounded by nuclear weapons and wastes. This course introduces novels, poems, plays, and memoirs that tell Asian, Oceanic, and Austronesian experiences of displacement. Students explore how literary writing carves out spaces for and lends voices to diasporic communities in the Pacific world. Offered alternate years in spring semester. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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The study of the anatomy and physiology of the human body is founded on a thorough understanding of the structure and function of cells and tissues. Students attend lectures plus one three-hour laboratory per week. This course may not be taken after completion of CH/BI 227 or BIO 227. Offered each semester.


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This course provides a comprehensive overview of cellular structure and function including cellular compartments, macromolecular structures, and life processes such as energy and material flux, cell division, and control mechanisms. Students learn current and/or historical evidence and methodology (e.g., microscopy, isolation procedures, and probes). Students attend lectures plus one three-hour laboratory per week. Laboratory experiences provide opportunities for qualitative and quantitative observations of cellular structure and function. Students place their work in the context of current research through examination of relevant literature and formal presentations. Offered each semester. Counts toward "cell biology" core category. Prerequisites: CHEM 122 or CHEM 125; BIO 150 is strongly preferred.


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Genetics examines relationships between genotype and phenotype in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms from classical and molecular perspectives. Lectures in this core course cover ideas and technologies contributing to understanding mechanisms of gene transmission and regulation. Laboratories utilize model organisms to investigate classical and molecular modes of inheritance. Students attend lectures plus one three-hour laboratory per week. Offered each semester. Counts as "genetics" core category. Prerequisites: BIO 150; and CHEM 125 or CHEM 122.


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Students journey toward greater understanding of the human body through an integrated study of the structure of the body (anatomy) and how organs such as the brain, heart, and kidney perform their remarkable functions (physiology). The course is designed primarily for students intending careers in the health sciences. Students attend lectures plus one three-hour laboratory per week. Offered each semester. Prerequisite: BIO 143, or BIO 150 and BIO 227.


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Plants are a diverse and important group of organisms. This course considers their evolution, emphasizing the morphology and anatomy of flowering plants. Students learn about basic techniques of data collection and analysis to investigate plant evolution: identifying plants, dissecting and staining plant structures, and using computer-based taxonomic statistics programs. Students attend lectures plus one three-hour laboratory per week. Offered periodically. Counts as "comparative organismal biology" core category. Prerequisites: BIO 150.


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The ability to reproduce is one of the key features of a living organism. Studying the biology of reproduction requires a synthesis of information and concepts from a wide range of fields within biology. This course addresses reproduction at the genetic, organismal, and population levels. Laboratory work adds a valuable investigative component to the course, and social/psychological issues are addressed throughout. Students attend lectures plus one three-hour laboratory per week. Offered periodically. Counts as "comparative organismal biology" core category. Also counts toward gender and sexuality studies major and concentration if approved by petition. Prerequisites: BIO 150 or permission of instructor.


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This course focuses on four basic financial statements: the income statement, statement of retained earnings, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows. Students learn how business events are recorded and represented on the financial statements and how to use the information to make sound economic judgments. Cases and current articles supplement traditional textbook readings and problems. Offered each semester. Prerequisite: sophomore standing or above.


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The study of leadership requires a broad understanding of the many critical contemporary issues emerging in today's environment. This course is designed to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of leadership principles, theories, and practices. The course explores various aspects of leadership, from personal development to organizational dynamics, preparing students to become effective leaders in diverse settings. This course combines insights from business strategy, political science, cognitive psychology, and environmental studies. Not open to first year students. Prerequisite: sophomore status or above.


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This lab course offers an opportunity to explore research in inorganic and organometallic chemistry. In this course, students further develop their synthetic skills and use several characterization techniques at the intersection of multiple areas of synthetic chemistry. Emphasis is placed on documenting lab work, interpretation of results and presentation of data. P/N only. Offered alternate spring semesters. Prerequisites: CHEM 248, CHEM 254, and either CHEM 252 or CHEM 386.


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Students study how an instrument functions mechanically, mathematically, optically, and electronically, and then how its parts are linked together. Topics covered include basic electronics and computer interfacing, spectrophotometric instruments, mass spectrometers, electrochemical instrumentation, and various separation methods. Offered annually. Prerequisites: CHEM 255 and CHEM 256; previous or concurrent enrollment in PHYS 125 or PHYS 131 is recommended; concurrent registration in CHEM 378 is required.


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This course builds depth of biochemical understanding upon the foundation laid in CHEM 379. Contents may include selected topics in catabolic and anabolic metabolism, integration and regulation of metabolism, photosynthesis and biochemical genetics. In addition, students will gain experience with the primary literature. Prerequisite: CHEM 379.


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This course explores life, death, and entertainment in the ancient world, particularly Rome. Students focus especially on how and why people take part in sporting events and on how sport intersected with gender, social class, and economics. Topics include the history of sport, enslavement and marginal groups, demography, gladiatorial events, and entertainment and politics. The primary focus of the course is the interpretation of ancient sources, but students also evaluate modern views of ancient entertainment. Offered periodically in the fall or the spring semester.


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This course combines close study of ancient texts (in English translation) with wide-ranging discussions of literary, historical, and cultural questions. Students have the opportunity to read selections from one or more genres of Greek and/or Latin literature while exploring a topic chosen by the instructor. Analytical writing assignments lead to a deeper understanding of the creative process and encourage thoughtful reflection on the re-creating and repurposing of the original texts by later authors and artists. Offered annually in the spring semester. Satisfies WIM for ancient studies, classics, Greek, and Latin majors. Prerequisite: WAC (any course satisfying Writing Across the Curriculum) or permission of instructor.


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This course examines the features of modern operating systems, including detailed consideration of Linux and other example systems. Projects range from system-level programming and multithreaded network programming to kernel modifications. Topics include operating system principles, implementation as system calls, process scheduling and dispatch, concurrency, inter-process communication, programming with threads and sockets, low-level memory management, device management, file systems, security and protection mechanisms, virtual machines, and kernel programming. Offered periodically. Prerequisites: completion of or concurrent enrollment in CSCI 241 and CSCI 251, or permission of instructor.


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Students learn, embody, and integrate elements of dance and film by engaging in the creative practice of making dance for the screen. Each student gains experience as a director, performer, videographer, editor, and critic in this collaborative learning community. Students discuss and analyze live movement studies, screen dances by peers and professionals, and relevant texts. Other technologies, such as 3D character animation and reactive/interactive technology, may be introduced. The class culminates with an evening public showing. Offered alternate years in the spring semester.


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Students trace and integrate the African American and European American dance traditions of the late 19th century, 20th century, and early 21st century. The course focuses on the theatrical dance genres of: ballet, modern, and jazz (includes tap and some musical theater dance) and also examines social dance as the predecessor of some theatrical dance genres. The course also attends to the economic, religious, political, and social forces that have affected the development of dance in the United States, particularly race, ethnicity, and gender and the intersection with other forms of structured inequality. Video examples supplement reading, live dance viewing, physical exploration, class lecture, mid-term and final exams, writing assignments, and discussion. No dance experience required. Ticket/transportation fee required. Offered annually in the spring semester.


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This course explores legal systems vastly different from that in the United States and uses economic analysis to understand both the reasons for the peculiarities and their relative success or failure. The objective of this course is to deepen students' understanding of the basic economic principles used to analyze legal institutions and to teach them how to apply economic concepts to important contemporary and historical topics. Offered annually. Prerequisites: ECON 262 and one of ECON 260 or SDS 272, or permission of instructor.


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This course offers students an integrated approach of theory, policy, and enterprise to understand international trade and investment. The course focuses on the costs and benefits of global economic interdependence for students who plan to enter an international business career or to work for government and international organizations in activities affected by international economic relations. Offered annually. Counts toward the International Economic Analysis and Policy Emphasis of the Economics and Quantitative Economics majors. Prerequisites: ECON 261 and ECON 262, and one of ECON 260 or ECON 263 or SDS 272, or permission of instructor.


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This course emphasizes the theoretical foundations, mathematical structure, and applications of major econometric techniques appropriate for time-series data. Topics covered include generalized least squares, single-equation time-series models, multi-variable time-series models, forecasting and forecast evaluation, and seasonality. This course is recommended for students interested in analysis of issues in macroeconomics and finance. Offered annually. ECON 384 and ECON 385 may not both be used to satisfy the economic analysis requirements for the economics major. Prerequisites: ECON 261, one of ECON 260 or SDS 272, and MATH 220; or permission of instructor.


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In this course, students examine and evaluate ethical issues faced in school and other educational settings by K-12 students, teachers, administrators, and parents. Students explore historical and contemporary issues, including ethical considerations that continue to influence teaching, learning, and policy today. The course encourages students to critically reflect on their own ethical views related to the issues presented and how they might have changed over the course of the semester. May be repeated if topic is different.


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Students examine how humans learn language as well as how they learn more than one language, as is the case for the vast majority of people. Students also explore the factors that enable or hinder language learning and whether bilinguals are smarter. These are just some of the fascinating issues addressed in the course that combines study of theory, fieldwork-based analysis of learner language, and pedagogical considerations, including a focus on both English and World Language learners. Offered annually in the fall semester. Required for TEFL certificate. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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Focusing on multicultural American literatures, this topics course examines literature as a human expression that embraces both commonality and difference within and across cultures. This course also employs critical approaches specifically designed to address cross-cultural literary issues. It may be repeated if topics are different. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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Two themes persist in early British literature: the role of fate (Old English wyrd) versus free will and the power of wonders--from the miraculous to the magical. These themes are traced in the Old English period in sermons, charms and riddles, biblical epics and Christian texts, and the heroic epic Beowulf. Readings from the Middle English period include lyric and ballad, romance from the Arthurian and non-Arthurian traditions, drama, allegory, mystical treatises, and Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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In this workshop, students read literary and scholarly texts about food and then produce their own food writing. Topics may include food's relationship with intergenerationality, social movements, travel, migration, conflict, and climate. During workshops, students apply journalistic principles to draft restaurant reviews and feature stories (such as culinary travelogues or stories profiling their own food traditions), use instructional theory to adapt found/family recipes, and craft graphically rich, digital page spreads showcasing their food writing. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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Students examine Renaissance drama by Shakespeare and others in order to concentrate on how to read the plays well and how to respond fully to both text and performance. Students attend live performances when possible and view productions on video. The course includes some consideration of historical context and background as well as practice in how to write about the plays. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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Students examine local, metro, and national news while learning to write both hard news and features. Subject areas may include covering meetings and business, reviewing arts and food, and/or writing about sports and travel. Students also learn UPI/AP copy-editing and proofreading, important skills for internships and print media jobs. Offered periodically. Prerequisites: WRIT 120 or equivalent and at least sophomore status.


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This course explores the inner workings of the publishing world from literary magazines to book publishers. Students explore the modern history and trends of publishing in America, as well as engage with hands-on projects that both illuminate readings and offer insight into the daily practices of writers and literary gatekeepers. Projects may include the drafting of a proposal for a hypothetical literary magazine, a marketing campaign, reading submissions for a magazine, layout and cover design projects, and conducting a podcast interview. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: WRIT 120 or equivalent.


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The course offers a geographical approach for understanding human-environment interactions on the Earth. This hands-on course examines the ecosystem services framework for identifying, interpreting (description-based) and integrating data for Environmental Analysis. Lab exercises provide opportunities to develop applied skills in the use of quantitative and qualitative variables and methods. Ethical values are emphasized for assessing challenges and opportunities to increase stakeholder participation towards environmental justice at different scales (local, state, national, regional). Methods and techniques in science are vast and impossible to be thoroughly covered in one single course, however, this holistic approach is wide-ranging and relates the use of theories, ArcGIS Pro software, creation of databases and maps. Students will explore various topics through practical exercises using principles on geomorphology, hydrology, geology, soils, climate, vegetation, land use/cover, population distribution, population occupation, spatial pattern analysis and survey design. Prerequisite: ENVST 137.


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In this seminar, students will be introduced to the interdisciplinary field of energy humanities, which seeks to understand the relationship between culture and the energy sources that people produce and consume. Students will encounter foundational texts in the field, alongside literature, film, and visual media that explore how both fossil fuels and renewable energy influence aspects of life ranging from everyday decisions to local ecosystems to global politics. The course will devote significant attention to environmental justice issues related to energy extraction and the renewable energy transition. This is an upper-division course in which students will take a leading role in discussions. Students will also produce a substantial research-based project with ample opportunity to pursue their personal interests within the broader course topic.


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Fire is not merely a disturbance, but a foundational force that has shaped North America's landscape for millennia. In this course students will explore multiple aspects of fire dynamics including the ecology of fire, and the cultural history of fire in indigenous communities, and the economic and social forces that drive fire policy in the U.S. Students will also get hands-on experience participating in prescribed burning in St. Olaf's natural lands.


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In this course students examine and connect faith beliefs & practices, family relationships and values that are lived out in community. Students study family rituals and values from several global religions. Students learn how rituals and values are modeled and taught in the family and examine how spiritual practices and religious beliefs can be both sources of support and stress to families. Students explore and articulate their own stories related to family, faith and values. Offered periodically in January Term.


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This course encourages students to critically assess and shape their personal relationship to the media landscape. Its premise is that we are all, to some extent, uninformed and uncritical consumers of media products, services and effects rather than conscientious and civically engaged users of them. In this spirit, this course is designed to give students a theoretical, as well as practical, experience with issues of gender, race, class, and sexuality as they manifest in mediated artifacts of popular culture. The course is taught from a media studies perspective where students gain skills in critical analysis and media literacy. Concepts of power, privilege, justice, representation, hegemony, consumption and resistance are woven throughout course readings, images, assignments and discussions. Offered twice annually.


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Students read a variety of French literary texts. The course focuses on aspects of literary analysis, terminology, methodology, and literary history. Students develop critical skills through discussion and analytical writing. Taught in French. Offered annually; one 250-level course will be offered each fall and spring semester. Prerequisite: FREN 232 or FREN 235, or FREN 237 or equivalent.


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Students explore a specified topic or theme in language, in literature, or in culture/civilization, or in a combination of these, through close reading, discussion, analysis, and interpretation of selected literary and/or non-literary works. Recent topics include "War and Terrorism," "Crime and Memory in Fiction," and "Translation Studies." May be repeated if topic is different. Taught in French. Offered annually. Prerequisite: minimum of one 270-level course (two recommended).


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Students continue to develop basic language skills with emphasis on expanding vocabulary and on writing assignments that aid in the practical application of grammatical concepts. Communicating in German about familiar personal topics, students acquire vocabulary about sports, food, holidays, school, the environment, and everyday life in German-speaking societies. Offered annually in the spring semester. Does not count toward German major or concentration. Prerequisite: GERM 111 or by placement test.


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Students advance their German language skills through engagement with texts concerning the effects of the past on the present. Topics include protest and resistance, environmental sustainability, and exile experiences, as captured in a graphic novel, short stories, essays, songs, and film. Close reading and integrated grammar and vocabulary-building tasks allow students to improve their German comprehension, speaking and writing. They develop critical literacy skills through written reflections and essays, and interpersonal, interpretive, and presentational speaking tasks. Taught in German. Offered annually in the spring semester. Prerequisite: GERM 231 or by placement test.


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Students explore an interdisciplinary topic in language, literature, history, or culture through close reading, discussion, analysis, and interpretation of selected works, including theoretical texts. Recent topics: identities and boundaries of the German-speaking world, Arbeitskulturen, and the Rote Armee Fraktion. Taught in German. May be repeated if topic is different. Offered alternate years in spring semester. Prerequisite: at least one 270-level GERM course.


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The New Testament is the most famous and most widely translated Greek text from antiquity. Students have the opportunity to read one or more of the Gospels, the Acts of the Apostles, or selected Pauline letters in the original language. Questions about the transmission of the text and about its theological implications provoke lively discussions. Offered alternate years in the spring semester. Prerequisite: GREEK 231 or equivalent.


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This course covers the main developments and themes in Europe from the fourteenth to seventeenth centuries, drawing on some of the on-going debates about the period, and giving particular attention to the powerful but often unpredictable influences of ideas and economic change in shaping institutions and people's experiences, including the Renaissance, literary and Christian humanism, the Protestant and Catholic Reformations, the rise of state power, merchant capitalism, European expansion, and the Scientific Revolution. Offered annually during fall semester.


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This seminar explores a public-facing format for historical storytelling: podcasting. Students are trained in assessing podcasts as public history, then develop podcasting episode topics, conduct historical research, practice "writing for the ear", learn how to optimize sound recording and edit audio, and engage in peer review and iterative writing and audio editing processes. For the final project, students work together to produce a podcast of their own, from concept to final product.


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This course explores human responses to epidemic diseases in world history. Beginning with the pandemics of the Ancient world, students encounter the 14th-century Black Death, "virgin soil" epidemics in the Americas, London's cholera outbreak of the 1850s, as well as more recent events, from the 1918 influenza pandemic to Covid-19. Students consider the varied medical, social, political, and cultural impacts of disease through an exploration of diverse topics, ranging from the discovery of microbes to the recent popularity of zombie movies. Offered periodically during spring semester.


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This .25 course will engage students in mentoring, guided inquiry, and reflection to explore how a high-impact experiential learning experience (internships and student employment; study abroad/away, civic and community engagement; undergraduate research; leadership experience) connects to their developing vocational identity. Students explore readings, videos, and first-hand experiences about fundamental concepts of vocation and experiential learning. Prerequisite: Completed or concurrent participation in a high-impact experiential learning practice (internships and student employment; study abroad/away, civic and community engagement; undergraduate research; leadership experience) with instructor permission.


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Students study in-depth the physiology of exercise, covering cardiovascular and muscular adaptions to exercise and factors affecting performance, including body composition, environmental influences, training implications across gender and age, and the assessment of fitness. Students attend lectures plus one three-hour laboratory per week. Offered annually. Prerequisite: junior status and BIO 143 and BIO 243 or permission of instructor.


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This seminar focuses on the implications of studying Latin America, or the way in which different conceptualizations of this region have helped to shape Latin America as an object of study. Possible topics for approaching this question include the history of Latin American studies in the United States and the relation between scholarship on Latin America and U.S. policy in the region; Latin American responses to U.S. representations of the region; the production of images of lo indígena according to Western expectations; and Indigenous cultures and globalization. Languages Across the Curriculum (LAC) course is often available in Spanish. Offered alternate years in the fall semester.


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Lord Tennyson called Vergil the "wielder of the stateliest measure ever moulded by the lips of man." Students encounter that stately measure when they translate selections from Vergil's three major poems (Eclogues, Georgics, Aeneid). Through discussion and readings, students also explore the development of Latin epic and Vergil's reception in later literature, art, and music. Depending on the instructor, students engage in at least one significant writing project, e.g., on poetic interpretation or literary translation. Offered alternate years in the spring semester. Prerequisite: LATIN 231 or equivalent.


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Students translate selections from one or more genres of ancient Latin literature while exploring a specific topic or theme chosen by the instructor. Close study of the text is combined with discussion of broader literary, historical, and cultural questions. Sample topics: "Ovid," "Latin Epistolography," "Augustan Elegy." Offered periodically in the fall or the spring semester. Prerequisite: LATIN 231 or equivalent.


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Independent work is guided by a faculty member. Students need to have the necessary background, including appropriate coursework, before an independent project is approved. A student may not substitute an IS/IR course for a course regularly offered in a department or program. IS/IR culminates in at least one product (a paper, laboratory report, work of art, etc.). Normally, the student and faculty instructor are expected to meet at least once a week. See catalog for more information under registration and course enrollment. Prerequisites: at least second-year standing; at least 5 relevant courses for 398 (IR); approval from the faculty instructor, the academic advisor, and the department chair or program director.


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Music majors continue formal musicianship studies. Students analyze and compose Western art music in styles from 1875 to the present, including late-nineteenth-century chromaticism, serialism and set theory, impressionism and neoclassicism, and blues and jazz styles. Performance and dictation studies follow these topics closely, including an introduction to jazz improvisation. Class meets four times weekly. Offered annually in spring. Prerequisite: MUSIC 114.


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Continuing the study begun in MUSIC 241, students encounter the history and development of Western European music from ca. 1750 to the present and study the major forms, styles and representative literature of the Classic and Romantic eras and the 20th and 21st centuries. Offered periodically during spring semester. Prerequisite: MUSIC 114.


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In this course, students build an audition book of repertoire, surveying eras and genre-specific styles within the musical theater canon. Students develop an understanding of contemporary vocal styles unique to each repertoire category and practice techniques for both in-person and self-taped auditions according to industry standards. Coursework includes in-class and self-taped performances, goal-setting, and career preparation. Offered annually in Spring semester. Prerequisites: MUSPF 152 or MUSIC 148.


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Drawing from the fields of biology, neuroscience, physics, and psychology, this course introduces students to the biological and psychological aspects of music performance. Students develop an understanding of the origins of performance-related injury, the mechanism of hearing, the sources of workplace stress in the lives of professional musicians. Each student will design and complete an exercise program tailored to their individual needs as a musician. Offered periodically during January term.


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This course focuses on applying the foundations of vocal production learned in MUSIC 291 - Vocal Development and Pedagogy to the practice of teaching voice in a solo setting. Students in this course take on a private voice student for the semester and develop a systematic, personalized curriculum for this student. Topics include developing a pedagogical approach to warm-ups and vocalizations, choosing repertoire, vocal registration, vocal acoustics and format training, training different voice types, musical theater belting technique, and the aging voice. Offered annually in spring semester. Prerequisite: MUSIC 291.


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Analysis is a course of discovery, using advanced tools of music theory to examine the ways in which great works of music are put together. Students examine principles of form and style and, using a range of analytical techniques, come to a deeper understanding of tonal music. The course focuses on Classical and Romantic literature, with some work in 20th-century tonality. Offered during spring semester alternate years. Prerequisite: MUSIC 214.


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Students consider how norms of masculinity and femininity are expressed through music in historical and contemporary contexts around the world. Through investigating relationships between music, gender, and sexuality from a variety of analytical perspectives structured around ethnographic case studies, students encounter multiple models of music research, which they use to guide their own ethnographic projects. Prerequisite: MUSIC 141 or permission of instructor.


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Neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field that explores the nervous system from molecules and cells to circuits, behavior, and social interaction. Drawing on biology, psychology, chemistry, physics, computer science, engineering, mathematics, and philosophy, this course introduces foundational concepts, methods, and tools used to study the brain. Students examine major open questions, explore how neuroscience benefits society, and learn how the components of the neuroscience major integrate into a coherent program of study. Offered annually during fall and spring semester. Open only to first year students.


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Neuroscience is one of the fastest-growing fields in the sciences, with research interests ranging from molecular genetics to whole animal behavior. Topics include membrane biophysics, synaptic transmission and plasticity, intracellular signaling, sensory transduction, motor control systems, and development. Students attend lectures plus one three-hour laboratory per week. Offered annually in the spring semester. Prerequisite: BIO 143 or BIO 227 or PSYCH 238.


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The humans of the medieval past lived in societies as complex as ours. What guidelines can we glean about modern life and how best to live it from history? From codes of honor for warriors and leaders to advice for domestic life and gender relations, Hávamál (The Sayings of the High One) contains fragments of wisdom inherited from the Viking age of Nordic history. Pairing the adages found in this poem of Viking etiquette with Enlightenment ethical reasoning will give students a comparative look at how ethical systems shape and are shaped by history and society. Students will then explore ethical reasoning in literature from the golden age of the Icelandic Commonwealth. Through a close reading of Njal's Saga students will explore the nexus of power, law, and ethics. Comparing Njal's family's uses and abuses of law and power to contemporary issues will allow students to critically evaluate their own positionality and ethics. Finally, a reading of the kingly saga of St. Olaf alongside Kit Christensen's work on justice and revenge will conclude the course and give students greater knowledge of their institution's namesake. Ultimately students will work to develop a tool set for how to critically assess ethical reasoning presented to them by historical sources and how to productively engage with the lessons of the past both historic and personal.


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This course offers an in-depth investigation of a selected topic from Norwegian literary or cultural history. Topics may be organized by period (Realism, Postwar literature), historical events (literature and World War II), important themes (feminism, social democracy, religion and secularism), or genre (Norwegian poetry, literature and film). The course also emphasizes development of critical, interpretive, and research skills, as well as refinement of Norwegian language proficiency. This course is taught in Norwegian. Offered annually.Prerequisite: NORW 253 or equivalent.


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This course traces the development of the idea of authentic existence in the Existentialist tradition beginning with Søren Kierkegaard, then through thinkers such as Martin Heidegger, Simone de Beauvoir, Jean-Paul Sartre, Hannah Arendt, and Albert Camus. Among other things, we will observe how ethical thinking has moved from the language of duty to that of personal answerability, and how the search for meaningful existence has increasingly become the responsibility of the individual. Offered annually.


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This course examines philosophical developments from the 17th through 19th centuries, with a focus on the emergence of a distinctively modern sense of self. We ask what it means to be modern, and how modern science and philosophy have served as both liberating and alienating forces in shaping the world today. We engage canonical European thinkers and philosophical texts, while also highlighting marginalized voices--with significant contributions from women and Black philosophers. Offered annually. Prerequisite: one course in philosophy or permission of instructor.


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Asian philosophy is a long and broad period, "beginning" in 6th century BCE China and continuing throughout Asia to the present day. This course spans the Spring and Autumn Period (722-481 BCE) and the Warring States Period (403-221 BCE) of ancient China and the Golden Age of Buddhist philosophy in ancient India (1st century BCE to 7th century CE). In the former we will focus on the Confucians, the Mohists, and the Daoists. In the latter we will focus on Madhyamaka and Yogacara. The guiding thread behind this course is the concept of the path. What is the path? How do we know it? Why should we follow it? How does following it inform our lives and communities?


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This course traces the development of phenomenology from G.W.F. Hegel through Edmund Husserl and into its existential and critical transformations in Edith Stein, Martin Heidegger, and Simone de Beauvoir, among others. The course introduces core phenomenological concepts such as intentionality, the phenomenological method, and the constitution of meaning. Topics include selfhood, freedom, being-in-the-world, intersubjectivity, and the phenomenology of gender. Prerequisites: two courses in philosophy, one of which must be either PHIL 235 or PHIL 236 or permission of the department chair.


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Experiments in the areas of mechanics, electricity and magnetism, and materials science. Emphasis is on the development of good laboratory techniques, analytical skills, and the ability to work independently. Each 0.25-course registration includes one three-hour laboratory per week. Offered annually in the spring semester. Prerequisite: concurrent registration in (or previous completion of) PHYS 245.


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What makes a person capable of repression? Who obeys morally unjust orders to torture or kill innocent victims? What causes genocide? Who risks their life to defend others' rights? Using case studies from around the world, this course looks at various explanations for the range of ways individuals respond to immoral government actions, with special emphasis on theories of political psychology. Offered annually.


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This course explores the diverse modes of inquiry in the discipline of political science. Broadly centered around the question, "How do you know?," students focus on different methods of locating and collecting data, reviewing political texts and contested concepts, and constructing theoretical explanations of political phenomena. Offered each semester. Prerequisite: one previous course in department and a declared PSCI major. Non-majors may register with permission of instructor.


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This course allows students to serve on the editorial board of the Pi Sigma Alpha Undergraduate Journal of Politics, the national undergraduate journal of the political science honor society. Students learn how scholarly research is evaluated, revised, and prepared for publication by reviewing manuscripts and participating in editorial workflows. The course also introduces the norms of scholarly publishing. Students may take this course a second time, serving as Senior Editors, with enhanced leadership roles and editorial opportunities. Offered annually during fall and spring semesters. Prerequisites: Junior or senior standing, PSCI 220 and 2 additional political science courses, or instructor permission. Other interested students should reach out to the faculty member teaching the course.


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How can we know what traditions must be respected and which ones should be changed? All societies must contend with the challenges posed by the rise of new ideologies, philosophies, and belief systems. But when these new ideas threaten the established order, how leaders respond can mean the difference between life and death. This course focuses on the struggles of two political communities at critical junctures in their histories -- imperial Ming China and England under Henry VIII. Over the course of the semester, we will engage in extensive role-playing games where you assume the roles of important historical political figures and factions and use writing and speaking to persuade other students to agree with your position. In this way, we will explore the philosophical and moral dimensions of autocratic power and elitism in leadership and decision-making to better understand some of the critical issues facing society today. Specifically, we will examine Ming China in 1587 and the Reformation Parliament in England from 1529 to 1536 in order to compare their debates and experiences wrestling with questions like the following: What is the nature of autocratic power? How do social norms and traditions serve as limits on autocratic power? Does absolute power corrupt absolutely? What is the ideal relationship between the government and the people? What are the ideal characteristics of the ruler? Can immoral means ever justify moral ends?


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This whirlwind introduction comprehensively examines foundational principles, theoretical approaches, and major areas of study within psychology. Acting as skeptical scientists, students gain another lens on the human experience by which they can better understand themselves and others. Students see psychology as a science and challenge "common sense" explanations about how people function. This gateway course captures the essence of the liberal arts, applying to almost any career choice. Offered each semester.


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This course prepares students with tools for understanding how research studies in psychology are conceptualized, designed, and ethically conducted, and how data is analyzed, interpreted, and disseminated. Students apply this understanding in independent and small group research projects. In the process, students develop critical reading, thinking, and scientific writing skills. Students attend lectures plus one two-hour laboratory per week. Offered each semester. Prerequisites: PSYCH 125, and STAT 110 or SDS 172 or ECON 260.


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How do biological factors influence fundamental aspects of psychology and behavior? In this course, students learn about relationships between the brain and behavior and use neuroanatomical, physiological, and biochemical levels of analysis to understand basic behavioral processes and systems, including sensation, movement, emotion, sleep and arousal, hunger, motivation, learning, and psychopathology. Offered each semester. Prerequisite: PSYCH 125, or BIO 123 and BIO 227.


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From legalized marijuana, to the widespread use of antidepressants and antianxiety medications, to the ubiquitous presence of coffee shops, the "drug culture" affects nearly everyone in our society. This course introduces the world of psychopharmacology, with an emphasis on the basic neural mechanisms underlying the effects of drugs, including their portrayal in popular movies and music. By learning how drugs can affect the way neurons communicate, students become more thoughtful consumers. Offered periodically during January term. Prerequisites: PSYCH 125 or PSYCH 238 or any Level I biology, or chemistry course.


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This course examines the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of individuals in the context of physical activity and how psychological factors affect and are affected by involvement and performance in sport and exercise. Students study theory and research as well as apply principles of sport psychology, drawing from the fields of both psychology and kinesiology. Students explore current issues as well as major topics in the area, such as motivation, leadership, and team dynamics. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: PSYCH 125 or KINES 195.


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Memory is a fundamental part of human existence, but what do we currently know about the neurobiology that underlies this remarkable ability? In this seminar, students present and discuss recently published research that examines the neurobiology of learning and memory from molecular, cellular, behavioral and cognitive neuroscience perspectives. Offered periodically. Prerequisites: PSYCH 230, and PSYCH 238 or NEURO 239.


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What is diversity? Who is impacted by diversity? How is diversity studied? In this discussion-based course, students unpack issues on diversity relating to identity, power, and privilege with a particular emphasis on race and ethnicity in the United States. Students use theory and research from social psychology to examine individual, interpersonal, and societal factors that shape the way people perceive and respond to difference. Finally, students discuss strategies for reducing intergroup bias and inequality. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: PSYCH 230.


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This course explores research on parenting and child development across a variety of diverse family structures and sociocultural contexts, including families with primary caregiving fathers, divorced and remarried parents, adoptive parents, gay and lesbian parents. Students discuss similarities and variability across families, and examine how factors such as gender, sexual orientation, race/ethnicity and social class shape parenting experiences and unique psychosocial challenges that "nontraditional" families may confront. Students examine and bridge the empirical literature with popular culture and media portrayals of families. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: PSYCH 241; PSYCH 230 is strongly recommended.


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Examining essential Christian beliefs with special attention to their implications for the moral life, students in this course analyze the meaning and truth of Christian symbols and claims about God, Christ, creation, fall, providence, redemption, etc., and explore their bearing upon ethical perspectives and principles, moral character and community and societal institutions and practices. Readings include classical and contemporary Christian theological sources. Offered periodically.


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Comparative theology is the study and interpretation of one religion in conversation with the texts, symbols, and practices of other religious traditions. It aims to discover new theological insights from another or from one's own tradition. The readings for this course explore the nature of comparative theology as a method of doing theology, drawing upon both theoretical paradigms in the field and religious texts contributing to Christianity's dialogue with other movements and traditions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Judaism, Islam, Shinto, Confucianism, Taoism, Chinese Traditional Religion, African Diasporic Traditions, Wicca/Neo-Paganism, Indigenous religions and spiritualities, and New Religious Movements. Offered annually.


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Students consider the present situation and future prospects of Roman Catholic theology through an engagement with the figures and events that have most deeply shaped Catholic theology in the 20th and 21st centuries. The course also examines recent Catholic views on the central topics of Christian theology, God, Christ, salvation and the Church, and the relationship of these views to Protestant ideas about the same issues. Offered periodically.


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Communities experience rich and complex kinds of religious diversity and pluralism. Students examine instances of ways for communities to live together successfully such as the practices of religious tolerance, dialogue, separating politics from religion, among other approaches. Students consider the effect of religious plurality on religious and non-religious communities. Offered periodically.


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Students continue their grammar, oral, and written work with an emphasis on conversation and reading selections from classical and contemporary Russian authors. Class meets four times weekly. Offered annually in the spring semester. Prerequisite: RUSSN 231 or equivalent.


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This survey of Russian culture and civilization uses original Russian texts on history, the arts, religion, and education, as well as documentary films and selections from literature. The course fosters the acquisition of the language of Russian cultural and intellectual discourse at the third level. Offered annually in spring semester. Prerequisite: RUSSN 301 or permission of the instructor.


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Surveys are perhaps the most ubiquitous tool that organizations, institutions, and companies can use to gather information about a population of interest. The purpose of this course is to provide a foundation and introduction to survey design and analytic skills needed to analyze the data collected from the survey. Along with relevant statistical concepts including variable types, distributions, and sampling methods this course will explore the process of designing surveys establishing the purpose of a survey, understanding the process of item writing, minimizing measurement error, piloting items and surveys and how to report and disseminate our findings to support the survey purpose. Prerequisite: SDS 272 and SDS 164 or permission of instructor.


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This course introduces students to the subject of machine learning. The primary focus is the development and application of powerful machine learning algorithms applied to complex, real-world data. Topics covered include linear regression, nearest neighbor models, k-means clustering, shrinkage methods, decision trees and forests, boosting, bagging, support vector machines, and hierarchical clustering. Applications are taken from a wide variety of disciplines, including biology, economics, public policy, public health, and sports. Offered annually during fall and spring semester. Prerequisite: SDS 164 or SDS 264 or permission of the instructor.


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Students focus on writing scientific papers, preparing scientific posters, and giving presentations in the context of a specific, year-long, interdisciplinary research project. In addition, this weekly seminar series builds collaborative research skills such as working in teams, performing reviews of math, statistics, and computer science literature, consulting effectively, and communicating proficiently. Exposure to post-graduate opportunities in statistics and data science disciplines is also provided. Open to students accepted into the Center for Interdisciplinary Research and by permission of the instructor only. This course does not count toward the SDS Major or SDS Concentration.


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Students learn to design and conduct qualitative research in the tradition of sociological and anthropological ethnography. Students discuss theoretical approaches to ethnography and learn data collection methods through case studies and fieldwork assignments. Students use their own research to gain experience in interpreting field notes, doing analysis, and writing an ethnographic interpretation of their research findings. Offered annually in the spring semester. Prerequisite: SOAN 291 or SOAN 292; open to junior or senior sociology/anthropology majors only.


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Students explore diverse experiences of modern Latin America through the lenses of gender and race, which provide a productive framework for examining economic, class, and other key aspects of Latin American society. Students will work with a variety of sources, both literary and non-literary, including articles, images, documents, and at least one substantive literary work. This cultural analysis provides for the development of critical reading and writing skills (e.g., description, narration, exposition, and argumentation). Taught in Spanish. Offered each semester. This course is equivalent to SPAN 250 and students can earn credit from only one of them. Prerequisites: SPAN 232 or placement into SPAN 250 or SPAN 251.


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Students examine the diverse elements that have shaped Latin American culture through an exploration of political, social, economic, religious, and artistic topics. They develop critical analysis skills through reading, discussion, and written and/or oral projects. The course features the study of selected literary and non-literary texts, including at least one substantive literary work. May be repeated if topic is different. Taught in Spanish. Offered periodically. Prerequisite: SPAN 250 or SPAN 251.


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Students explore the processes involved in the acquisition of Spanish as a first and second language and the variation present in the language of both native and non-native speakers of Spanish from Spain, Latin America, and the U.S. Hispanic linguistics are studied with special attention paid to socio-cultural as well as structural aspects. The course includes the study of at least one substantive literary work. Taught in Spanish. Offered each semester. Prerequisite: SPAN 250 or SPAN 251.


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What is the role of language in our society? What is the impact of bilingualism in the U.S.? Students explore such questions from current Spanish socio-linguistics research. Through analysis of data, students examine issues of language contact, variation and change, language and gender, language and power, and/or language planning. May be repeated if topic is different. This course includes the study of at least one substantive literary work. Taught in Spanish. Offered alternate years. Prerequisites: SPAN 250 or SPAN 251 and SPAN 276.


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Students study the progression of the U.S. social welfare "system" from English Poor Laws through the Social Security Act to contemporary reforms. They examine how its components (public, private, faith-based) interrelate to serve diverse individuals, families, and communities. The development of social work, its foundational knowledge, values, and skills, and its relationship to fields of social welfare are included. Students shadow a social worker for four hours. Offered each semester.


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Social welfare policies exemplify how society's values and needs translate into policies and programs. Social workers create, implement, and evaluate policies in all areas of social policy. Students study policy formation and analysis that reflect interests and powers of diverse groups as well as economic and social realities of certain populations at risk of poverty and discrimination. The course emphasizes policy impact on women, people in poverty, people of color, and empowerment in policy practice. Offered annually in the spring semester.


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Social work majors continue to study the methods and skills of generalist practice. They assess strengths and problems of diverse groups, organizations, and communities and use the systems perspective to help client systems frame goals and plans for social change. Students assess macrosystems and develop plans for implementing change that are reflective, scientific, just, and grounded in the liberal arts. Offered annually in the spring semester. Prerequisite: SWRK 254.


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Social work majors study scientific philosophies and approaches to ethical knowledge building for social work practice. The course includes an overview of the research process using both quantitative and qualitative methods, with special attention to how research knowledge informs generalist social work practice. Open to non-majors by permission of instructor. Offered annually in the spring semester. Prerequisite: social work major.


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The goal of this course is to provide students with an introduction to basic techniques commonly used in theater production. The course focuses on simultaneous development of skills used to create scenery, lighting, and costumes. Successful completion of this course is recommended prior to theater design courses and work backstage. Offered annually during fall semester.


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A studio course focusing on the artistic decision-making process of stage direction, script analysis, directorial concepts, production designs and hands-on directing experience building on the skills developed in THEAT 232: Stage Direction. Students direct a one-act play as the final project for the course. Offered annually in the spring semester. Prerequisite: THEAT 232 and THEAT 240 or THEAT 250. THEAT 270 or THEAT 271 recommended.


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Emphasizing individual concepts, personal expression and strong composition, this course explores relief and lithography. Using large-scale, multicolor moveable block, collagraph, wood, or lino block techniques and lithography stones or aluminum plates in both black and white and color. Students produce multiple images on one of the department's three presses. Students become familiar with the heritage of old masters as well as contemporary artists in printmaking. Materials fee. Offered annually. Also counts toward business and management studies concentration. Prerequisite: ART 102.


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This course focuses on the creative use of digital video as a tool to generate experimental films and video art. Students study all aspects of production from concept to screening, including idea generation, pre-production planning, storyboarding, lighting, shooting, editing, and sound design. Students regularly screen, analyze, and discuss contemporary and historic examples of time-based media. During the semester students produce a variety of short videos and films, exploring experimental, narrative, and documentary approaches. Materials fee. Offered alternate years. Also counts toward film and media studies major and film and media studies and business and management studies concentrations. Prerequisite: ART 104 or permission of instructor.


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Were the Middle Ages white? This seminar is an introduction to the ways that conceptions of race and difference were active in the visual culture of the later Middle Ages (ca. 1000-1500) in Europe, a period that is often mistakenly racialized as White in popular culture. The course also examines how European colonialism shapes our ideas about medieval art and how medieval art has been used to support racist and white supremacist ideologies. Offered alternate years. Also counts toward medieval studies and race and ethnic studies major and race and ethnic studies concentration.


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In this course students read and analyze a selection of 20th- and 21st-century Japanese novels and short stories in English translation, and then watch film adaptations of the same works. Students analyze the literary and cinematic works in terms of cultural themes, artistic expression, and specific socio-historical contexts. Students learn and apply introductory approaches to adaptation theory, and consider the creative process of adapting literary works to film. Taught in English. No knowledge of Japanese required. Evening film screenings are required in addition to class meetings. Offered periodically during January Term. Also counts toward Japanese and film studies majors and film and media studies concentration.


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This course considers works of anime from the post-World War II period to the present. The course begins with an introduction to the language and theory of Anime Studies. In subsequent weeks, students watch and analyze a variety of anime genres. This course employs a comparative approach to the study of anime; each anime is paired with excerpts from germane works of philosophy or literature. All anime viewed for this course includes English subtitling. Language Across the Curriculum (LAC) component course available. Offered periodically. Also counts toward Chinese and Japanese majors.


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Human health is affected by the biological environment, a teeming world of parasites and diseases, and the physical environment -- the water, air, and landscapes that we inhabit. Human interactions with the environment have changed rapidly, as human populations grow, travel increases, and ecosystems are altered. This course touches upon traditional environmental topics such as air and water quality and integrates newer public health challenges such as emerging diseases and food-borne illnesses. Offered periodically. Also counts toward business and management studies and public health studies concentrations. Prerequisite: an introductory science course.


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Students develop the skills to translate business concepts into practical financial models using Microsoft Excel. They gain a strong foundation in fundamental Excel functions, formulas, and techniques, and learn how to apply them to real-world business scenarios. The course provides aptitudes that are important for upper-level business courses, as well as internships. Offered during January term. Prerequisite: sophomore standing or above, or permission of instructor.


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This course provides a sequential introduction to physical chemistry. Beginning with an introduction to statistical aspects of chemical equilibria, it explores the relationships between energy, entropy and equilibria (thermodynamics); oxidation-reduction reactions and electrochemistry; transitions between phases; and rates of reactions. Students attend three classes and one three-hour laboratory per week. Offered annually during spring semester. Also counts toward biomolecular science concentration. Prerequisite: CHEM 125, or CHEM 122, and concurrent or previous enrollment in MATH 119 or MATH 120, or permission of instructor.


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Human demands place immense pressure on finite energy and material resources. This course focuses on concepts and tools employed by environmental chemists to understand the chemical processes and phenomena associated with earth's compartments, chemical fate and transport, toxicity, chemical ecology, energy resources, and life cycle assessments. Through use and discussion of the primary literature students generate a research proposal that attends to the interplay of chemical cycles and systems while considering solutions to contemporary challenges. Offered alternate years during Spring semester (next time 2025). Prerequisite: Any level II course in biology, chemistry, and physics, or a level II or level III natural science course in environmental studies.


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This course is for students who have successfully completed CHIN 231 or students with equivalent previous Chinese learning experiences. It aims to further enhance students' proficiency in all four language skills (speaking, listening, reading, and writing) as well as knowledge of various Chinese communities and cross-cultural communications. Students should achieve the Intermediate Medium/High level on the ACTFL proficiency scale. Students attend three classes and one laboratory weekly. Offered annually in the spring semester. Also counts toward Asian studies major and business and management studies concentration. Prerequisite: CHIN 231 or placement.


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This course explores life, death, and entertainment in the ancient world, particularly Rome. Students focus especially on how and why people take part in sporting events and on how sport intersected with gender, social class, and economics. Topics include the history of sport, slavery and marginal groups, demography, gladiatorial events, and entertainment and politics. The primary focus of the course is the interpretation of ancient sources, but students also evaluate modern views of ancient entertainment. Also counts toward ancient studies major.


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This course explores computer hardware and how the code we write uses it, taught through in-class labs and daily assignments focusing on the Raspberry Pi single-board computer. Topics include an introduction to computer systems, C language programming, an overview of computer organization, the component-level design of computer hardware, forms of parallelism, machine-level implementation of programming language features, memory organization, digital logic, microprogrammed and RISC architectures, multi-core architectures, and assembly programming. Offered annually. Also counts toward business and management studies concentration. Prerequisite: CSCI 221 and CSCI major or permission of instructor.


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The software we design has real effects in people's lives. This course explores the ethical and social considerations inherent in computer-based systems, develops skills in thinking about those considerations and in collecting data to determine their effects, and expands students' abilities to integrate these issues and skills into software development procedures, largely through an extensive team analysis of a "live" software project. Coursework uses extended case studies and surveys topics such as professional and ethical responsibilities, risk, liability, intellectual property, privacy, and computer crime. Offered annually. Also counts toward business and management studies concentration. Prerequisite: CSCI 251 and computer science major.


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Intermediate West African Dance is a continuation of the exploration of Beginning West African dance. This course will explore selected dances and their associated cultural functions.


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Students learn, embody, and integrate elements of dance and film by engaging in the creative practice of making dance for the screen. Each student gains experience as a director, performer, videographer, editor, and critic in this collaborative learning community. Students discuss and analyze live movement studies, screen dances by peers and professionals, and relevant texts. Other technologies, such as 3D character animation and reactive/interactive technology, may be introduced. The class culminates with an evening public showing. Offered alternate years in the spring semester. Also counts toward media and film studies concentrations.


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Research clearly shows that labeling isolated sentence components with grammatical terms, drilling workbook exercises, and diagramming sentences are ineffective classroom practices. What can teachers do to help their students gain mastery of standard written English? In this half-credit course, students explore both the theory and practice of contextual grammar instruction. Students also hone their own grammatical knowledge, applying their new knowledge of both content and pedagogy through in-class micro-teachings. Offered annually in the first half of the spring semester. Also counts toward applied linguistics concentration.


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This course provides a theoretical and practical foundation for assisting secondary readers. Students learn the essentials of good reading instruction and apply them in the development of a literature unit. Required 10-hour field experience. Offered annually in the second half of the spring semester. Also counts toward applied linguistics concentration. Prerequisites: EDUC 330 or permission of instructor.


