# Privacy Maturity Model Standards Reference

## Primary Frameworks

### AICPA Generally Accepted Privacy Principles (GAPP)
- **Publisher**: American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
- **Application**: Foundation for privacy maturity assessment across ten management criteria
- **Maturity Model**: Five-level maturity model (Ad Hoc, Repeating, Defined, Managed, Optimized)

### NIST Privacy Framework v1.0
- **Publisher**: National Institute of Standards and Technology (January 2020)
- **Functions**: Identify-P, Govern-P, Control-P, Communicate-P, Protect-P
- **Application**: Provides structured categories and subcategories for maturity assessment

### ISO/IEC 27701:2019
- **Application**: Provides certifiable PIMS requirements against which maturity can be assessed
- **Relationship**: Level 3+ maturity typically correlates with ISO 27701 readiness

### CMMI (Capability Maturity Model Integration)
- **Publisher**: ISACA (acquired from Carnegie Mellon SEI)
- **Application**: General maturity model methodology adapted for privacy domain
- **Five Levels**: Initial, Managed, Defined, Quantitatively Managed, Optimizing

## Industry Benchmark Sources

| Source | Metrics | Frequency |
|--------|---------|-----------|
| IAPP-EY Annual Privacy Governance Report | Program structure, budget, staffing | Annual |
| Cisco Data Privacy Benchmark Study | Privacy ROI, operational metrics | Annual |
| TrustArc Privacy Benchmark Report | Compliance, tools, maturity | Annual |
| Gartner Privacy Program Benchmark | Maturity scores, staffing ratios | Annual |
| IBM Cost of a Data Breach Report | Breach costs, detection/containment time | Annual |

## Key Publications
- AICPA Privacy Maturity Model (AICPA/CIPT)
- NIST Privacy Framework: A Tool for Improving Privacy through Enterprise Risk Management
- ISACA Privacy Program Management Guide
- IAPP CIPM Body of Knowledge (Privacy Program Management)