{ "1,4-butanediol": { "aliases": [ "bd", "1,4-bd", "14bd" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-1.5ml", "Light": "0.5-1ml", "Strong": "1.5ml+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_14Butanediol.shtml" }, "name": "1,4-butanediol", "pretty_name": "1,4-Butanediol", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-4 hours", "aliases": [ "bd", "1,4-bd", "14bd" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 0.5-1ml Common: 1-1.5ml Strong: 1.5ml+", "duration": "3-5 hours", "half-life": "39.3 minutes +/- 11 minutes.", "onset": "10-45 minutes.", "summary": "1,4-BD is a clear liquid with intoxicating effects. It is a pro-drug for GHB, and has similar though reportedly inferior effects. It also carries the potential for more health risks than GHB, such as liver toxicity.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Faint Brown. | Mandelin: Brown." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" } }, "1b-lsd": { "aliases": [ "1b" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "research-chemical", "psychedelic" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: At the time of this chemical's release, the manufacturers claimed 1B-LSD was expected to be slightly less potent than 1P-LSD, supposedly owing to the increased mass of the butanoyl group over the propionyl group, however anecdotes seem to indicate approximate equipotency to 1P-LSD.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-125ug", "Light": "25-50ug", "Strong": "125-250ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-90" }, "name": "1b-lsd", "pretty_name": "1B-LSD", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-24 hours", "aliases": [ "1b" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "research-chemical", "psychedelic" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 25-50ug Common: 50-125ug's Strong: 125-250ug's. | NOTE: At the time of this chemical's release, the manufacturers claimed 1B-LSD was expected to be slightly less potent than 1P-LSD, supposedly owing to the increased mass of the butanoyl group over the propionyl group, however anecdotal reports seem to indicate approximate equipotency to 1P-LSD.", "duration": "8-12 hours", "onset": "45-90 minutes", "summary": "1B-LSD (1-butanoyl-lysergic acid diethylamide) is an LSD analogue which appears to be about as potent as 1P-LSD (slightly more potent than LSD) and has a slightly shorter duration than that of LSD, again thought to be about the same as 1P-LSD. Released in late 2018, and marketed agressively as a replacement for 1P-LSD. 1B-LSD does not yet have a clearly established safety profile," } }, "1cp-lsd": { "aliases": [ "1cplsd", "curie", "1cp" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-100ug", "Light": "25-50ug", "Strong": "100-200ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "1cp-lsd", "pretty_name": "1CP-LSD", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-24 hours", "aliases": [ "1cplsd", "curie", "1cp" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 25-50ug Common: 50-100ug Strong: 100-200ug", "duration": "8-10 hours", "onset": "30-90 minutes", "summary": "1cP-LSD (1-cyclopropionyl-lysergic acid diethylamide) is a novel lysergamide with little to no history of use. It is said to be a less pushy and shorter lasting version of LSD. Described as having a more gradual onset than 1P-LSD, with a less visual more meditative headspace when compared with LSD. *NOTE: This is a very new research chemical - take all info with a grain of salt.*" } }, "1p-eth-lad": { "aliases": [ "1pethlad" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: These doses are very tentative, and are based on the likelihood that the dosage profile will be similar to ETH-LAD.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "60-100ug", "Light": "30-60ug", "Strong": "100-200ug+", "Threshold": "20-30ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-90" }, "name": "1p-eth-lad", "pretty_name": "1P-ETH-LAD", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "1pethlad" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 20-30ug Light: 30-60ug Common: 60-100ug Strong: 100-200ug+ | NOTE: These doses are very tentative, and are based on the likelihood that the dosage profile will be similar to ETH-LAD.", "duration": "6-10 hours.", "experiences": "https://erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_1PETHLAD.shtml", "onset": "15-90 minutes", "summary": "A new psychedelic lysergamide which is suspected to be a prodrug of ETH-LAD, which could explain why the doses are very similar, it alternatively could be active on its own. There are no studies on it currently." } }, "1p-lsd": { "aliases": [ "1plsd", "1p" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-125ug", "Light": "25-50ug", "Strong": "125-200ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_1PLSD.shtml" }, "name": "1p-lsd", "pretty_name": "1P-LSD", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-24 hours", "aliases": [ "1plsd", "1p" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 25-50ug Common: 50-125ug Strong: 125-200ug", "duration": "8-12 hours", "onset": "45-90 minutes.", "summary": "An LSD analogue which appears to be slightly more potent with a shorter duration. Its effects are reported to be extremely similar to LSD, and thus far seems to be similarly safe. Released in late 2014, It has quickly become a highly popular research chemical due to its implicit legality, similarity to LSD and wide availability on the Internet.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Slow Purple. | Mecke: Brown. | Mandelin: No colour change. | Froehde: No colour change. | Liebermann: No colour change. | Ehrlich's Reagent: No colour change. | Gallic Acid: Brown." }, "pweffects": { "8A Geometry - Exposure to semantic concept network": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8A_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_semantic_concept_network", "8B Geometry - Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8B_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Creativity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Creativity_enhancement", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Depth perception distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depth_perception_distortions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Feelings of interdependent opposites": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_interdependent_opposites", "Feelings of self-design": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_self-design", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Mindfulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Mindfulness", "Muscle spasms": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_spasms", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Perspective distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_distortions", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spirituality enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spirituality_enhancement", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought disorganization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_disorganization", "Thought loops": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_loops", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "2-ai": { "aliases": [ "2ai", "2-aminoindan" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-40mg+", "Threshold": "3-5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2Aminoindan.shtml" }, "name": "2-ai", "pretty_name": "2-AI", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-4 hours", "aliases": [ "2ai", "2-aminoindan" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 3-5mg Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-40mg+", "duration": "1-2 hours.", "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2Aminoindan.shtml", "half-life": "1-2 hours.", "onset": "10-30 minutes", "summary": "Short-acting stimulant that is sometimes compared to the likes of Methamphetamine. It is a rigid analogue of Amphetamine, and also partially substitutes for the prior in rat discrimination studies.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Orange > Brown. | Mecke: Yellow. | Mandelin: Blue. | Liebermann: Yellow Brown. | Ehrlich: No colour change." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased perspiration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_perspiration", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Memory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_enhancement", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Temporary erectile dysfunction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temporary_erectile_dysfunction", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "2-chloro-ephenidine": { "aliases": [ "2-chloroephenidine", "2chloroephenidine", "2-cl-ephenidine", "2clephenidine" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "130-175mg", "Heavy": "200mg+", "Light": "100-130mg", "Strong": "175-200mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "2-chloro-ephenidine", "pretty_name": "2-Chloroephenidine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "2-chloroephenidine", "2chloroephenidine", "2-cl-ephenidine", "2clephenidine" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 100-130mg Common: 130-175mg Strong: 175-200mg Heavy: 200mg+", "duration": "3-6 hours", "onset": "10-30 minutes", "summary": "Analogue of Ephenidine. Very little is known about this compound. It is very likely to exhibit dissociative effects, and is slightly less potent than the parent drug Ephenidine." } }, "2-dpmp": { "aliases": [ "desoxypipradrol", "2dpmp", "2-desoxypiperadol", "desoxypipradol" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: This drug is extremely potent and extremely long lasting, even at 'common' doses. Be sure to start low and avoid redosing.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-72" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "3-4mg", "Light": "2-3mg", "Strong": "4-6mg", "Threshold": "1-2mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "4-6mg", "Light": "2-4mg", "Strong": "6-8mg", "Threshold": "1-2mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "16-72" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Desoxypipradrol_.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal052.shtml" }, "name": "2-dpmp", "pretty_name": "2-DPMP", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-72 hours.", "aliases": [ "desoxypipradrol", "2dpmp", "2-desoxypiperadol", "desoxypipradol" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 1-2mg Light: 2-4mg Common: 4-6mg Strong: 6-8mg | Insufflated Threshold: 1-2mg Light: 2-3mg Common: 3-4mg Strong: 4-6mg | NOTE: This drug is extremely potent and extremely long lasting, even at 'common' doses. Be sure to start low and avoid redosing.", "duration": "16-72 hours", "half-life": "16-20 hours.", "onset": "60-120 minutes.", "summary": "A very potent stimulant that is a NDRI. Developed by Novartis in the 1950s, to treat narcolepsy and ADHD, however dropped when Methylphenidate was produced a few years later, which was seen as superior due to its shorter T½. 2-DPMP Half life 16-20 hours. Warning: subjective reports suggest this drug is caustic to the nasal mucosa and may cause damage to the nasal cavity.", "warning": "Due to the long half life (16-20 hours) redosing is strongly recommended against." } }, "2-fa": { "aliases": [ "2-fluoroamphetamine", "2-fmp", "2fa" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " Note: Insufflating does not appear to raise the bioavailability than oral ingestion, and can cause damage to nasal cavities.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Heavy": "50mg+", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "30-50mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-2", "Oral": "3-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "2-5", "Oral": "15-20" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2Fluoroamphetamine.shtml" }, "name": "2-fa", "pretty_name": "2-FA", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "2-fluoroamphetamine", "2-fmp", "2fa" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-50mg Heavy: 50mg+ | Note: Insufflating does not appear to raise the bioavailability than oral ingestion, and can cause damage to nasal cavities.", "duration": "Oral: 3-5 hours | Insufflated: 1-2 hours", "onset": "Oral: 15-20 minutes | Insufflated: 2-5 minutes", "summary": "Stimulant drug of the amphetamine family. Reported as having effects similar to those of Dextroamphetamine, but with a milder euphoria and a comparatively smoother comedown. Has a shorter duration and less empathogenic effect-profile as compared with 4-FA. Thought to produce less neurotoxic metabolites compared to amphetamine." } }, "2-fdck": { "aliases": [ "2f-ketamine", "2f-ket", "2-fluorodeschloroketamine", "2-fl-2'-oxo-pcm", "2f-dck", "2fket", "2fdck" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "dissociative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-3" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Light": "20-50mg", "Strong": "100-175mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-3" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "name": "2-fdck", "pretty_name": "2-FDCK", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-3 hours.", "aliases": [ "2f-ketamine", "2f-ket", "2-fluorodeschloroketamine", "2-fl-2'-oxo-pcm", "2f-dck", "2fket", "2fdck" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "dissociative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Insufflated Light: 20-50mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-175mg+", "duration": "1-3 hours.", "onset": "20-40 minutes.", "summary": "Dissociative anesthetic of the arylcyclohexylamine class. Seemingly on par with ketamine in dosage. Longer onset than the prior." } }, "2-fea": { "aliases": [ "2-fluoroethylamphetamine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "name": "2-fea", "pretty_name": "2-FEA", "properties": { "aliases": [ "2-fluoroethylamphetamine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "summary": "Stimulant closely related to 2-FMA. Presumably slightly less potent than the prior. Toxicology and the likes are not known at the current moment. Tread with caution." } }, "2-fma": { "aliases": [ "2fma" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Sensitivity varies from person-to-person and with usage factors. Higher doses can often result in long crashes and sleepless nights. Always start low and titrate slowly.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-35mg", "Heavy": "65-80mg+", "Light": "15-25mg", "Strong": "35-65mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-60" }, "name": "2-fma", "pretty_name": "2-FMA", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "2fma" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 15-25mg Common: 25-35mg Strong: 35-65mg Heavy: 65-80mg+ | NOTE: Sensitivity varies from person-to-person and with usage factors. Higher doses can often result in long crashes and sleepless nights. Always start low and titrate slowly.", "duration": "6-8 hours", "marquis": "Light yellow", "onset": "20-60 minutes", "summary": "A long-acting stimulant often compared to lisdexamphetamine. Thought to lack some of amphetamine's neurotoxic metabolites. Very functional, and for this reason it is commonly used for studying." }, "pweffects": { "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased perspiration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_perspiration", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "2-me-dmt": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-5" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-75mg", "Light": "30-50mg", "Strong": "75-100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "15-40", "Oral": "60-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2MeDMT.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal34.shtml" }, "name": "2-me-dmt", "pretty_name": "2-Me-DMT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-5 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 30-50mg Common: 50-75mg Strong: 75-100mg", "duration": "3-8 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "Oral: 60-90 minutes. | Insufflated: 15-40 minutes.", "summary": "Also known as 2,N,N-TMT, this drug was first synthesised by Alexander Shulgin. Described as a very mild psychedelic of similar subjective effects to other tryptamines. Reported as having an unusual and unpredictable dose curve, it is recommended to start low with this drug." } }, "2-mec": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Light": "25-50mg", "Strong": "100-250mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "100-200mg", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "200-350mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4", "Oral": "3-5" }, "name": "2-mec", "pretty_name": "2-MEC", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-200mg Strong: 200-350mg+ | Insufflated Light: 25-50mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-250mg+", "duration": "Oral: 3-5 hours. | Insufflated: 2-4 hours.", "summary": "Cathinone which some users report to feel like a weaker MDMA with a shorter onset." } }, "2-methyl-2-butanol": { "aliases": [ "2m2b" ], "categories": [ "habit-forming", "depressant", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-7.5g", "Light": "2.5-5g", "Strong": "7.5-15g+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "5-25" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2Methyl2Butanol.shtml" }, "name": "2-methyl-2-butanol", "pretty_name": "2-methyl-2-butanol", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "2m2b" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "habit-forming", "depressant", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2.5-5g Common: 5-7.5g Strong: 7.5-15g+", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "5-25 minutes.", "summary": "A tertiary alcohol that has sedative, hypnotic, and anxiolytic effects. It is also roughly 20x more potent than Ethanol by weight." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" } }, "2-methylamphetamine": { "aliases": [ "2-ma" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-10" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "30-50mg", "Light": "10-30mg", "Strong": "50-70mg+" } }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "name": "2-methylamphetamine", "pretty_name": "2-MA", "properties": { "after-effects": "Insufflated: 1-10 hours.", "aliases": [ "2-ma" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Insufflated Light: 10-30mg Common: 30-50mg Strong: 50-70mg+", "duration": "Insufflated 3-6 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, decreased need for sleep, increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, excessive talking, decreased appetite, weight loss, sweating, disturbed sleep patterns, bruxism, visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "Insufflated 10-30 minutes.", "summary": "Also known as Ortetamine, this rarely seen amphetamine is approximately 1/10th as potent as dextroamphetamine. Little information exists regarding its safety or effects." } }, "2-mmc": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4", "Oral": "2-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "15-40mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "40-80mg." }, "Oral": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Light": "20-50mg", "Strong": "100-135mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4", "Oral": "3-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "2-15", "Oral": "15-45" }, "name": "2-mmc", "pretty_name": "2-MMC", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 2-8 hours. | Insufflated: 2-4 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 20-50mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-135mg. | Insufflated Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-40mg Strong: 40-80mg.", "duration": "Oral: 3-5 hours. | Insufflated: 2-4 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-45 minutes. | Insufflated: 2-15 minutes.", "summary": "A cathinone, yet the effects are noted more of the likes of 2-FA or amphetamine." } }, "2-mppp": { "aliases": [ "n-piperidinecathinone" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "stimulant", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "30-60mg", "Heavy": "110mg+", "Light": "15-30mg", "Strong": "60-110mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Heavy": "150mg+.", "Light": "25-50mg", "Strong": "100-150mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "10-20", "Rectal": "10-15" }, "name": "2-mppp", "pretty_name": "2-MPPP", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "n-piperidinecathinone" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "stimulant", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 25-50mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-150mg Heavy: 150mg+. | Insufflated Light: 15-30mg Common: 30-60mg Strong: 60-110mg Heavy: 110mg+", "duration": "2-4 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, decreased need for sleep, increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, excessive talking, decreased appetite, weight loss, sweating, disturbed sleep patterns, bruxism, visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "Oral: 10-20 minutes | Rectal 10-15 minutes", "summary": "A novel stimulant that is similar to methcathinone." } }, "2-nmc": { "categories": [ "inactive" ], "name": "2-nmc", "pretty_name": "2-NMC", "properties": { "categories": [ "inactive" ], "summary": "Inactive." } }, "2-pa": { "aliases": [ "2-phenylacetamide" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-10" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-50mg", "Heavy": "100+mg.", "Light": "10-25mg", "Strong": "50-100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "2-pa", "pretty_name": "2-PA", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-10 hours.", "aliases": [ "2-phenylacetamide" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-25mg Common: 25-50mg Strong: 50-100mg Heavy: 100+mg.", "duration": "3-5 hours.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "Amphetamine with the alpha-methyl replaced by ketone. There are very few reports and there is limited information about toxicity. As always treat with caution." } }, "2-pta": { "aliases": [ "4-methyl-2-pa", "2-(p-tolyl)acetamide" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-40mg", "Heavy": "80+mg.", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "40-80mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-3" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-25" }, "name": "2-pta", "pretty_name": "2-PTA", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "4-methyl-2-pa", "2-(p-tolyl)acetamide" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-40mg Strong: 40-80mg Heavy: 80+mg.", "duration": "1-3 hours.", "onset": "10-25 minutes.", "summary": "4-Methylamphetamine with the alpha-methyl replaced by ketone. There are very few reports and there is limited information about toxicity. As always treat with caution." } }, "2c-b": { "aliases": [ "bees", "nexus", "2cb", "2cb", "2-cb" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "empathogen", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Heavy": "30mg+", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-30mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Heavy": "50mg+", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "30-50mg" }, "Rectal": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Heavy": "30mg+", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-30mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4", "Oral": "4-8", "Rectal": "3-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "euphoria", "giggling", "empathy", "insight", "brightened color", "closed/open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception of time", "ego softening", "nausea", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "1-10", "Oral": "20-75", "Rectal": "5-20" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2CB.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal020.shtml" }, "name": "2c-b", "pretty_name": "2C-B", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-4 hours", "aliases": [ "bees", "nexus", "2cb", "2cb", "2-cb" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "empathogen", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-50mg Heavy: 50mg+ | Insufflated/Plugged Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-30mg Heavy: 30mg+", "duration": "Oral: 4-8 hours | Insufflated: 2-4 hours | Plugged: 3-5 hours", "effects": "euphoria, giggling, empathy, insight, brightened color, closed/open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception of time, ego softening, nausea, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia", "onset": "Oral: 20-75 minutes | Insufflated: 1-10 minutes | Plugged: 5-20 minutes", "summary": "A popular psychedelic in the phenethylamine family. Provides empathic experiences at lower doses and strong visual and psychedelic experiences at higher doses. Commonly used as a party drug as it is more clear-headed than most psychedelics. 2C-B has been in use since the early 1990s", "test-kits": "Marquis: Yellow > Green. | Mecke: Yellow > Green/Brown. | Mandelin: Green. | Froehde: Yellow > Green. | Liebermann: Yellow > Black. | Simon's No colour change or Purple. | Ehrlich: No colour change." }, "pweffects": { "8A Geometry - Exposure to semantic concept network": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8A_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_semantic_concept_network", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Depth perception distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depth_perception_distortions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "Feelings of interdependent opposites": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_interdependent_opposites", "Feelings of predeterminism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_predeterminism", "Feelings of self-design": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_self-design", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Rejuvenation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Rejuvenation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Synaesthesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Synaesthesia", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Visual haze": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_haze" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "In vivo metabolism of 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) in the rat: identification of urinary metabolites - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11916016" ] } }, "2c-b-an": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "45-70mg", "Heavy": "100+mg", "Light": "30-45mg", "Strong": "70-100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-9" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "40-75" }, "name": "2c-b-an", "pretty_name": "2C-B-AN", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 30-45mg Common: 45-70mg Strong: 70-100mg Heavy: 100+mg", "duration": "5-9 hours", "onset": "40-75 minutes", "summary": "2C-B-AN is a novel prodrug for 2C-B." } }, "2c-b-fly": { "aliases": [ "2cb-fly", "2cbfly" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-18mg", "Heavy": "25mg+", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "18-25mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2CBFly.shtml" }, "name": "2c-b-fly", "pretty_name": "2C-B-FLY", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "2cb-fly", "2cbfly" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-18mg Strong: 18-25mg Heavy: 25mg+", "duration": "6-12 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-90 minutes.", "summary": "Psychedelic phenethylamine that is the dihydrodifuran analog of 2C-B.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Yellow > Brown Green. | Mecke: Yellow > Brown Green. | Mandelin: Brown." } }, "2c-b-fly-nbome": { "aliases": [ "2cbflynbome" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic", "empathogen", "research-chemical" ], "dose_note": " Note: More research needs to be done with this chemical. Stay safe.", "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Threshold": "100-200ug" } }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10" }, "name": "2c-b-fly-nbome", "pretty_name": "2C-B-FLY-NBOMe", "properties": { "aliases": [ "2cbflynbome" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic", "empathogen", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Insufflated Threshold: 100-200ug | Note: More research needs to be done with this chemical. Stay safe.", "onset": "Insufflated: 5-10 minutes." } }, "2c-c": { "aliases": [ "2cc" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-25mg", "Heavy": "30-40mg+", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "25-30mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "euphoria", "giggling", "empathy", "insight", "brightened color", "closed/open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception of time", "ego softening", "nausea", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2CC.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal022.shtml" }, "name": "2c-c", "pretty_name": "2C-C", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "2cc" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 15-25mg Common: 25-35mg Strong: 35-55mg Insufflated/Plugged Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-25mg Strong: 25-30mg Heavy: 30-40mg+", "duration": "4-8 hours", "effects": "euphoria, giggling, empathy, insight, brightened color, closed/open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception of time, ego softening, nausea, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia", "onset": "30-120 minutes", "summary": "A short-acting psychedelic research chemical of the 2c-x family. Often described as being less stimulating than the other 2c-x, and is a relatively unique psychedelic in this respect.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Yellow > Green Brown. | Mecke: Yellow Green > Brown. | Mandelin: Orange > Yellow. | Froehde: Yellow > Green. | Liebermann: Yellow > Black > Clear. | Simon's: Pink > Brown. | Ehrlich: No colour change." }, "pweffects": { "8B Geometry - Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8B_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Machinescapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Machinescapes", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Mindfulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Mindfulness", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "2c-d": { "aliases": [ "2cd", "2c-m", "2cm" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-50mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "50-100mg", "Threshold": "3-4mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "comparable to 2C-B", "mental and physical stimulation", "mood lift", "euphoria", "cognitive enhancement", "increased mental clarity and interest", "feelings of empathy", "enhanced tactile sensation", "sensory enhancement", "brightened colors", "sociability", "introspection", "giggling", "pupil dilation", "increased heart rate", "changes in perception of time", "stomach discomfort", "headache", "dizziness", "anxiety" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2CD.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal023.shtml" }, "name": "2c-d", "pretty_name": "2C-D", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "2cd", "2c-m", "2cm" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 3-4mg Light: 5-15mg Common: 20-50mg Strong: 50-100mg", "duration": "3-5 hours", "effects": "comparable to 2C-B, mental and physical stimulation, mood lift, euphoria, cognitive enhancement, increased mental clarity and interest, feelings of empathy, enhanced tactile sensation, sensory enhancement, brightened colors, sociability, introspection, giggling, pupil dilation, increased heart rate, changes in perception of time, stomach discomfort, headache, dizziness, anxiety", "onset": "15-45 minutes", "summary": "A fairly generic psychedelic famed for being usable as \"psychedelic tofu\". Little character of its own but pleasant in combinations.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Yellow > Brown. | Mecke: Green > Brown. | Mandelin: Green/Yellow. | Simon's Brown > Red. | Ehrlich: No colour change." }, "pweffects": { "8B Geometry - Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8B_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations" } }, "2c-e": { "aliases": [ "2ce" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "3-7mg", "Heavy": "10mg+", "Light": "1-3mg", "Strong": "6-10mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Heavy": "25-40mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "15-30mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-14" }, "formatted_effects": [ "euphoria", "giggling", "empathy", "insight", "brightened color", "closed/open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception of time", "ego softening", "nausea", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2CE.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal024.shtml" }, "name": "2c-e", "pretty_name": "2C-E", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-6 hours", "aliases": [ "2ce" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-15mg Strong: 15-30mg Heavy: 25-40mg | Insufflated Light: 1-3mg Common: 3-7mg Strong: 6-10mg Heavy: 10mg+", "duration": "6-14 hours (depending on dose)", "effects": "euphoria, giggling, empathy, insight, brightened color, closed/open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception of time, ego softening, nausea, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia", "onset": "20-90 minutes", "summary": "An intense psychedelic drug with very strong visuals, sometimes criticised for its relatively uncomfortable body load. Otherwise, effects are comparable to other 2c-x drugs.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Yellow-Pale Brown. | Mecke: Yellow > Brown. | Mandelin: Yellow-Green. | Froehde: Yellow. | Liebermann: Yellow > Black. | Simon's: No colour change. | Ehrlich: No colour change." }, "pweffects": { "8B Geometry - Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8B_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Creativity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Creativity_enhancement", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spirituality enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spirituality_enhancement", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Synaesthesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Synaesthesia", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "2c-g": { "aliases": [ "2cg" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-72" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-30mg", "Light": "20-25mg", "Strong": "30mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "15-35" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-120" }, "name": "2c-g", "pretty_name": "2C-G", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-72 hours.", "aliases": [ "2cg" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 20-25mg Common: 25-30mg Strong: 30mg+", "duration": "15-35 hours (greatly dependant on dose)", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-120 minutes.", "summary": "Extremely rare drug of the 2C-X family. An extremely long lasting substance. Is nearly as potent as its amphetamine counter-part, Ganesha. Yet is said to have very little visual activity.", "warning": "Note this is a very long lasting compound that can be very hard on the body." } }, "2c-g-5": { "aliases": [ "2c-g-5" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "unknown" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "unknown", "Heavy": "unknown", "Light": "unknown", "Strong": "unknown" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "32-48 (reported by users)" }, "formatted_effects": [ "psychedelic effects", "altered perception", "visual movement illusions", "enhanced colors", "enhanced sounds", "enhanced emotions", "time distortion" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "unknown" }, "name": "2c-g-5", "pretty_name": "2C-G-5", "properties": { "aliases": [ "2c-g-5" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "The dosage of 2C-G-5 is unknown. It is reported to be active at very low doses, which increases the risk of accidental overdose.", "duration": "It is not certain how long the effects last. Users online report durations of approximately 32 to 48 hours.", "effects": "Reported effects include psychedelic experiences such as altered perception, enhanced colors, sounds and emotions, visual illusions, and distorted time perception.", "onset": "Unknown.", "summary": "2C-G-5 is a designer drug that has only recently appeared on the drug market. There is very little information available about its effects, dosage, and risks. No scientific research has been conducted on this substance.", "warning": "This substance is poorly researched. The long duration may cause severe sleep disruption and exhaustion. Drug interactions are unknown and could be dangerous. The low dosage increases overdose risk. There is a significant risk of bad trips involving confusion and intense anxiety. Possible increases in heart rate and blood pressure may cause headaches and muscle tension. Legal status does not imply safety." } }, "2c-i": { "aliases": [ "2ci" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Strong": "10mg+", "Threshold": "0.5-2mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "10-25mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "20-30mg", "Threshold": "2-5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "4-8", "Oral": "4-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "euphoria", "giggling", "empathy", "insight", "brightened color", "closed/open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception of time", "ego softening", "nausea", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2CI.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal033.shtml" }, "name": "2c-i", "pretty_name": "2C-I", "properties": { "after-effects": "4-12 hours", "aliases": [ "2ci" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 2-5mg Light: 5-15mg Common: 10-25mg Strong: 20-30mg | Insufflated Threshold: 0.5-2mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10mg+", "duration": "Oral: 4-12 Hours | Insufflated: 4-8 hours", "effects": "euphoria, giggling, empathy, insight, brightened color, closed/open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception of time, ego softening, nausea, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia", "onset": "45-120 minutes", "summary": "A psychedelic similar to the more well-known 2C-B. Users frequently report very vivid and bright open-eye visuals and more mild closed-eye visuals compared to 2C-B and other drugs in the 2C family. Can also be more stimulating than 2C-B along with having a slight body load for some users. Less safe at high doses compared to 2C-B", "test-kits": "Marquis: Yellow > Green/Blue. | Mecke: Brown > Black. | Mandelin: (Pale) Brown > Black. | Simon's: Red > Orange. | Ehrlich: Brown." }, "pweffects": { "8A Geometry - Exposure to semantic concept network": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8A_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_semantic_concept_network", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Synaesthesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Synaesthesia", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "2c-ip": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Heavy": "30-45mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Threshold": "5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-16" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-90" }, "name": "2c-ip", "pretty_name": "2C-IP", "properties": { "after-effects": "4-8 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "duration": "12-16 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "45-90 minutes.", "summary": "Isopropyl analog (branched analog) of 2C-P with a slightly shorter duration and lower potency.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Orange > Red. | Mecke: Yellow > Brown. | Mandelin: Green. | Ehrlich: No colour change." } }, "2c-n": { "aliases": [ "2cn" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-125mg", "Light": "100mg", "Strong": "125-150mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2CN.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal034.shtml" }, "name": "2c-n", "pretty_name": "2C-N", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "2cn" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 100mg Common: 100-125mg Strong: 125-150mg+", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "A relatively uncommon and short-acting psychedelic phenethylamine of the 2C-x family. It behaves much like other 2C-x drugs, but is unique in that it is a yellowish golden-coloured salt. Described by some, namely Alexander Shulgin, as being quite underwhelming." } }, "2c-p": { "aliases": [ "2cp" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "3-5mg", "Light": "1-3mg", "Strong": "5-10mg." }, "Oral": { "Common": "4-6mg", "Light": "2-4mg", "Strong": "6-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "10-16" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Giggling", "Empathy", "Insight", "Brightened Colors", "Closed/Open Eye Visuals", "Enhanced Tactile-Sensation", "Mental/Physical Stimulation", "Decreased Appetite", "Pupil-Dilation", "Restlessness", "Changes in Perception-Of-Time", "Ego-Softening", "Nausea", "Sweating/Chills", "Muscle-Tension", "Confusion", "Insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "15-45", "Oral": "60-180" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2CP.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal036.shtml" }, "name": "2c-p", "pretty_name": "2C-P", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-24 hours", "aliases": [ "2cp" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2-4mg Common: 4-6mg Strong: 6-10mg | Insufflated Light: 1-3mg Common: 3-5mg Strong: 5-10mg.", "duration": "10-16 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, Giggling, Empathy, Insight, Brightened Colors, Closed/Open Eye Visuals, Enhanced Tactile-Sensation, Mental/Physical Stimulation, Decreased Appetite, Pupil-Dilation, Restlessness, Changes in Perception-Of-Time, Ego-Softening, Nausea, Sweating/Chills, Muscle-Tension, Confusion, Insomnia", "onset": "Oral: 60-180 minutes | Insufflated: 15-45 minutes", "summary": "A synthetic phenylethlyamine that is sometimes compared in effects to 2C-E, yet with a much longer duration. With a much more pronouced bodyload. Is one of the most potent of the 2C-X series.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Yellow. | Mecke: Green > Brown. | Mandelin: Green. | Froehde: Green. | Liebermann: Green. | Ehrlich: No colour change." }, "pweffects": { "8B Geometry - Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8B_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Creativity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Creativity_enhancement", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Depth perception distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depth_perception_distortions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Feelings of interdependent opposites": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_interdependent_opposites", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Machinescapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Machinescapes", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Personal meaning enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_meaning_enhancement", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spirituality enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spirituality_enhancement", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Subconscious communication": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Subconscious_communication", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought loops": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_loops", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Unspeakable horrors": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unspeakable_horrors" } }, "2c-t": { "aliases": [ "2ct" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "empathogen", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "60-90mg", "Light": "50-60mg", "Strong": "90-120mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "25-60" }, "name": "2c-t", "pretty_name": "2C-T", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "2ct" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "empathogen", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 50-60mg Common: 60-90mg Strong: 90-120mg", "duration": "2-6 hours.", "onset": "25-60 minutes.", "summary": "A very rare psychedelic phenylethylamine that many like." } }, "2c-t-2": { "aliases": [ "2ct2" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-25mg+", "Threshold": "5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2CT2.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal040.shtml" }, "name": "2c-t-2", "pretty_name": "2C-T-2", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "2ct2" ], "avoid": "MAOI's as the dangers with 2C-T-7 could also fall into this substance as well (for example serotonin syndrome)", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 5mg Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-25mg+", "duration": "5-8 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "45-90 minutes.", "summary": "An unusual psychedelic with similar effects to 2C-B and a slightly longer duration, but maligned because of some deaths in the 2000s. Also similar to 2c-t-7, but with a shorter duration. Potentially unsafe with stimulants and empathogens.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Fizzes Pale Orange. | Mecke: Orange > Purple. | Mandelin: Purple. | Froehde: Orange > Purple | Liebermann: Red or Purple. | Ehrlich: No colour change." }, "pweffects": { "8B Geometry - Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8B_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Feelings of interdependent opposites": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_interdependent_opposites", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Stomach cramps": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stomach_cramps", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought loops": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_loops", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "2c-t-4": { "aliases": [ "2ct4", "2c-t4", "2-ct4", "2ct-4" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Light": "6-10mg", "Strong": "15-20mg", "Threshold": "5-6mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "10-18" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2CT4.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal041.shtml" }, "name": "2c-t-4", "pretty_name": "2C-T-4", "properties": { "after-effects": "4-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "2ct4", "2c-t4", "2-ct4", "2ct-4" ], "avoid": "MAOI's as the dangers with 2C-T-7 could also fall into this substance as well (for example serotonin syndrome)", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 5-6mg Light: 6-10mg Common: 10-15mg Strong: 15-20mg", "duration": "10-18 hours.", "onset": "30-120 minutes.", "summary": "A psychedelic phenethylamine that has a longer onset and duration compared to the more common 2C-T-x (2 and 7).", "test-kits": "Marquis: Pale Orange. | Mandelin: Orange (Or Purple). | Liebermann: Purple. | Ehrlich: Purple." } }, "2c-t-7": { "aliases": [ "2ct7" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "empathogen", "psychedelic" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: 2C-T-7 reacts widely in varying ways. It is recommended to start low and work your way up.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Heavy": "40mg+", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "30-40mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-5", "Oral": "6-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "20-90", "Oral": "20-140" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2CT7.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal043.shtml" }, "name": "2c-t-7", "pretty_name": "2C-T-7", "properties": { "after-effects": "4-12 hours", "aliases": [ "2ct7" ], "avoid": "Do not take if currently taking a MAOI.", "categories": [ "research-chemical", "empathogen", "psychedelic" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-20mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-40mg Heavy: 40mg+ | NOTE: 2C-T-7 reacts widely in varying ways. Start low, work your way up.", "duration": "Oral: 6-12 hours | Insufflated 2-5 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "Oral: 20-140 minutes | Insufflated 20-90 minutes.", "risks": "There have been several reports of deaths from 2C-T-7, and many reports of severe dissociation and vomiting (a dangerous combination) after both oral and insufflated use.", "summary": "A relatively uncommon psychedelic phenethylamine and possible MAOI. Long lasting, an possesses an unpredictable dosage curve. Questionable safety in combination with most things.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Fizzes Pale Orange. | Mecke: Red > Purple. | Mandelin: Red > Purple. | Froehde: Violet Orange | Liebermann: Deep Purple. | Simon's Red > Brown. | Ehrlich: No colour change." }, "pweffects": { "8A Geometry - Exposure to semantic concept network": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8A_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_semantic_concept_network", "8B Geometry - Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8B_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Feelings of interdependent opposites": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_interdependent_opposites", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Headaches": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Headaches", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought loops": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_loops", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Sulfur-Substituted α-Alkyl Phenethylamines as Selective and Reversible MAO-A Inhibitors:  Biological Activities, CoMFA Analysis, and Active Site Modeling http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm0493109" ] } }, "2c-t-21": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-8mg", "Heavy": "8-12mg", "Light": "3-5mg", "Threshold": "3mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-40" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_2CT21.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal049.shtml" }, "name": "2c-t-21", "pretty_name": "2C-T-21", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-12 hours.", "avoid": "It is likely that this also has the MAO-A properties of the likes of 2c-t-7.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Threshold: 3mg Light: 3-5mg Common: 5-8mg Heavy: 8-12mg", "duration": "6-12 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "15-40 minutes.", "summary": "A rare psychedelic phenethylamine.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Fizzes Light Orange. | Mecke: Dark Purple. | Simon's: Greenish Blue." } }, "3-cmc": { "aliases": [ "3cmc" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: These doses are tentative and further research is recommended.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "3-6", "Oral": "4-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "40-80mg", "Light": "20-40mg", "Strong": "80-100mg." }, "Oral": { "Common": "60-100mg", "Light": "30-60mg", "Strong": "100-180mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-2", "Oral": "2-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "10-30", "Oral": "30-90" }, "name": "3-cmc", "pretty_name": "3-CMC", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 4-12 hours. | Insufflated: 3-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "3cmc" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 30-60mg Common: 60-100mg Strong: 100-180mg. | Insufflated Light: 20-40mg Common: 40-80mg Strong: 80-100mg.", "duration": "Oral: 2-4 hours. | Insufflated: 1-2 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 30-90 minutes. | Insufflated: 10-30 minutes.", "summary": "A rarely seen halogenated cathinone drug. Likely to be a stimulant, possibly an entactogen. (Note: The amphetamine analogue of this drug, 4-CA, is a highly dangerous neurotoxin, no data about the safety of this one, but should likely be avoided)" } }, "3-fa": { "aliases": [ "3fa" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "30-60mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "3-fa", "pretty_name": "3-FA", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "3fa" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-60mg+", "duration": "4-6 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, decreased need for sleep, increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, excessive talking, decreased appetite, weight loss, sweating, disturbed sleep patterns, bruxism, visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "30-90 minutes (oral) depending on stomach contents.", "summary": "A stimulant that is close to equipotent with methamphetamine and acts as a monoamine releasing agent, but has more selectivity for dopamine/noradrenaline over serotonin." } }, "3-fea": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "30-50mg", "Light": "10-30mg", "Strong": "50-70mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-50" }, "name": "3-fea", "pretty_name": "3-FEA", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-30mg Common: 30-50mg Strong: 50-70mg+", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "onset": "20-50 minutes.", "summary": "A novel fluorinated amphetamine with serotonergic properties. Effects are similar to 4-FA, in that it provides slight dopamine and norepinephrine release, or reuptake inhibition. As well as serotonin release and reuptake inhibition. Effects on the serotonin side are more pronounced than dopamine and norepinephrine, the latter two being almost negligible." } }, "3-fma": { "aliases": [ "3fma" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "30-60mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "name": "3-fma", "pretty_name": "3-FMA", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "3fma" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-60mg+", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, decreased need for sleep, increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, excessive talking, decreased appetite, weight loss, sweating, disturbed sleep patterns, bruxism, visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "20-40 minutes.", "summary": "Stimulant drug in the amphetamine family" } }, "3-fmc": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": "Rapid onset. 3-fmc is very harsh on the nasal membranes", "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Light": "25-50mg", "Strong": "100-150mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "name": "3-fmc", "pretty_name": "3-FMC", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 25-50mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-150mg | NOTE: 3-fmc is very harsh on the nasal membranes", "duration": "2-4 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, decreased need for sleep, increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, excessive talking, decreased appetite, weight loss, sweating, disturbed sleep patterns, bruxism, visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "summary": "A stimulant drug related to mephedrone. A member of the cathinone class, it is also an amphetamine. Effects similar to other drugs of its class, may possess high addiction potential. May be a monoamine releaser, reuptake inhibitor or both." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "3-FMC is a monoamine releaser - International Review of Neurobiology - The Neuropsychiatric Complications of Stimulant Abuse Vol. 20" ] } }, "3-fpm": { "aliases": [ "3fpm", "3-fph", "3f-phenmetrazine", "3f-p", "3fp", "pal-593" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Repeated dosing appears to lengthen after-effects of sleeplessness/insomnia.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "20-35mg", "Heavy": "50mg-70mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "35-50mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "25-50mg", "Heavy": "70-100mg", "Light": "10-25mg", "Strong": "50-70mg.", "Threshold": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "3-6", "Oral": "5-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "1-5", "Oral": "20-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_3FPhenmetrazine.shtml" }, "name": "3-fpm", "pretty_name": "3-FPM", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "3fpm", "3-fph", "3f-phenmetrazine", "3f-p", "3fp", "pal-593" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 5-10mg Light: 10-25mg Common: 25-50mg Strong: 50-70mg. Heavy: 70-100mg | Insufflated Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-35mg Strong: 35-50mg Heavy: 50mg-70mg | NOTE: Repeated dosing appears to lengthen after-effects of sleeplessness / insomnia.", "duration": "Oral: 5-8 hours | Insufflated: 3-6 hours.", "effects": "increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "Oral: 20-30 minutes | Insufflated: 1-5 minutes", "summary": "A functional stimulant related to phenmetrazine. Effects similar to amphetamine, but longer and more focused. Observed as being relatively benign in low doses, but seems to cause worrying health effects for heavier users. Pain from insufflation is intense but short." }, "pweffects": { "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Increased perspiration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_perspiration", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "3-ho-pce": { "aliases": [ "3hopce" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "10-15mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "name": "3-ho-pce", "pretty_name": "3-HO-PCE", "properties": { "after-effects": "2 hours to a month.", "aliases": [ "3hopce" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold 1-2mg Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-10mg's Strong: 10-15mg's", "duration": "3-4 hours.", "onset": "20-40 minutes.", "summary": "A rare and very potent PCP analogue, eight times more potent than PCP as a NMDA receptor antagonist. It is also a μ-opioid receptor agonist. Similar in structure to methoxetamine." } }, "3-ho-pcp": { "aliases": [ "3hopcp" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "4-5mg", "Light": "2-4mg", "Strong": "5mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "name": "3-ho-pcp", "pretty_name": "3-HO-PCP", "properties": { "after-effects": "2 hours to a month.", "aliases": [ "3hopcp" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: ~2mg Light: 2-4mg Common: 4-5mg Strong: 5+mg", "duration": "3-4 hours", "onset": "20-40 minutes", "summary": "An arylcyclohexamine dissociative analogue of PCP, this drug is relatively uncommon, and little information is available. It is reported to not only have dissociative activity but also opioid activity. Some trip reports suggest very negative side-effects including intense muscle tension." } }, "3-mec": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-3", "Oral": "2-5" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Light": "25-50mg", "Strong": "100-150mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "100-175mg", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "175-250mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-1.5", "Oral": "2-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "45-90" }, "name": "3-mec", "pretty_name": "3-MEC", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 2-5 hours. | Insufflated: 1-3 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-175mg Strong: 175-250mg+ | Insufflated: Light: 25-50mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-150mg+", "duration": "Oral: 2-5 hours. | Insufflated: 1-1.5 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 45-90 minutes. Insufflated: 5-15 minutes.", "summary": "Another cathinone based stimulant that is weaker than 4-MEC. There are few reports on this drug and it is said to be unpopular compared to alternatives." } }, "3-meo-pce": { "aliases": [ "3meopce", "methoxyieticyclidine" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "3-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_3MEOPCE_.shtml" }, "name": "3-meo-pce", "pretty_name": "3-MeO-PCE", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "3meopce", "methoxyieticyclidine" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 3-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg+", "duration": "3-5 hours.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "3-MeO-PCP with a change of a ring replacement. It is slightly more potent than 3-MeO-PCP." } }, "3-meo-pcmo": { "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "80-125mg", "Light": "50-80mg", "Strong": "125-150mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_3MeOPCMo.shtml" }, "name": "3-meo-pcmo", "pretty_name": "3-MeO-PCMO", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-8 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-80mg Common: 80-125mg Strong: 125-150mg+", "duration": "3-5 hours.", "onset": "30-60 minutes.", "summary": "A less common dissociative anaesthetic compound related to PCP. An analogue of 3-meo-pcp, but far less potent. Possibly an antitussive and antidepressant. There is very little history of human use or pharmacological information." } }, "3-meo-pcp": { "aliases": [ "3meopcp" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-48" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "5-8mg", "Heavy": "12-15mg+", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "8-12mg", "Threshold": "1-2mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg.", "Heavy": "15-18mg+", "Light": "3-5mg", "Strong": "10-15mg", "Threshold": "1.5-3mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4", "Oral": "3-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "10-30", "Intramuscular": "3-7", "Oral": "20-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_3MeOPCP.shtml" }, "name": "3-meo-pcp", "pretty_name": "3-MeO-PCP", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-48 hours.", "aliases": [ "3meopcp" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 1.5-3mg Light: 3-5mg Common: 5-10mg. Strong: 10-15mg Heavy: 15-18mg+ | Insufflated Threshold: 1-2mg Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-8mg Strong: 8-12mg Heavy: 12-15mg+", "duration": "Oral: 3-5 hours +/- an hour dependant on dose. | Insufflated: 2-4 hours +/- ~30 minutes, dependant on dose.", "onset": "Oral: 20-90 minutes. | Insufflated: 10-30 minutes. | IM: 3-7 minutes.", "summary": "A potent dissociative often compared to MXE but with longer duration, less sedating effects and causing an overall different experience. Users have reported effects being similar to PCP. It is roughly ten times more potent than 4-MeO-PCP." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Auditory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_suppression", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Consciousness disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Consciousness_disconnection", "Creativity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Creativity_enhancement", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Depersonalization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depersonalization", "Derealization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Derealization", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Double vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision", "Environmental cubism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_cubism", "Environmental orbism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_orbism", "Feelings of impending doom": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_impending_doom", "Frame rate suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frame_rate_suppression", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Mania": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Mania", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Mindfulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Mindfulness", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Pattern recognition suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_suppression", "Perception of decreased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_decreased_weight", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Perspective distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_distortions", "Physical autonomy": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_autonomy", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Psychosis": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Psychosis", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Tactile disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_disconnection", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement" } }, "3-meo-pcpr": { "categories": [ "dissociative", "tentative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "3-8mg", "Light": "1-3mg", "Strong": "8-15mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "8-15mg", "Light": "5-8mg", "Strong": "15-20mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-3", "Oral": "3-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral": "15-30" }, "name": "3-meo-pcpr", "pretty_name": "3-MeO-PCPR", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "categories": [ "dissociative", "tentative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-8mg Common: 8-15mg Strong: 15-20mg+ || Insufflated Light: 1-3mg Common: 3-8mg Strong: 8-15mg+", "duration": "Oral: 3-4 hours. || Insufflated: 1-3 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes. || Insufflated: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "This is the N-Propyl homologue of 3-MeO-PCE. It is slightly less potent than PCP. Yet seems slightly less manic inducing." } }, "3-meo-pcpy": { "categories": [ "dissociative", "habit-forming", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "3-6mg", "Light": "1-3mg", "Strong": "6-10mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "4-8mg", "Light": "2-4mg", "Strong": "8-15mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "3-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "15-45" }, "name": "3-meo-pcpy", "pretty_name": "3-MeO-PCPY", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "dissociative", "habit-forming", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2-4mg Common: 4-8mg Strong: 8-15mg+ | Insufflated Light: 1-3mg Common: 3-6mg Strong: 6-10mg+", "duration": "Oral: 3-5 hours. Insufflated: 2-4 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-45 minutes. Insufflated: 5-20 minutes.", "summary": "3-Methoxy analogue of Rolicyclidine (PCPy) and less opioid effects than Phenylcyclidine (PCP) - Yet it is still prominent." } }, "3-meomc": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Light": "25-50mg", "Strong": "100-150mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-7" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "10-20" }, "name": "3-meomc", "pretty_name": "3-MeOMC", "properties": { "avoid": "Other stimulants.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "dose": "Insufflated Light: 25-50mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-150mg+", "duration": "5-7 hours.", "onset": "Insufflated: 10-20 minutes.", "summary": "A cathinone that has a short history of human use." } }, "3-mmc": { "aliases": [ "3mmc", "3-methylmethcathinone", "3methylmethcathinone", "3-meph", "3-mephedrone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75-150mg", "Light": "25-75mg", "Strong": "150mg-300mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-7" }, "formatted_effects": [ "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations", "Itching", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1" }, "name": "3-mmc", "pretty_name": "3-MMC", "properties": { "after-effects": "3-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "3mmc", "3-methylmethcathinone", "3methylmethcathinone", "3-meph", "3-mephedrone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "dose": "Light: 25-75mg Common: 75-150mg Strong: 150mg-300mg+", "duration": "4-7 hours (dependent on dose/ROA/lots of stuff)", "effects": "increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and Auditory hallucinations, Itching, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "Within an hour.", "summary": "A euphoric stimulant similar to mephedrone but said to lack much of the \"magic.\" Slightly less potent. Some prefer 3mmc over 4mmc due to it's more dopaminergic effects." } }, "3-oh-phenazepam": { "aliases": [ "3-ho-phenazepam", "3hophenazepam", "3ohphenazepam", "3-ho-p", "3hop", "3-oh-p", "3ohp", "3-hydroxyphenazepam" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "research-chemical", "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg", "Heavy": "2-4mg", "Light": "0.5-1mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "10-24" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "3-oh-Phenazepam", "pretty_name": "3-OH-Phenazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "3-ho-phenazepam", "3hophenazepam", "3ohphenazepam", "3-ho-p", "3hop", "3-oh-p", "3ohp", "3-hydroxyphenazepam" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "tentative", "research-chemical", "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 0.5-1mg Common: 1-2mg Heavy: 2-4mg", "duration": "10-24 hours.", "onset": "30-90 minutes.", "summary": "The 3-OH analogue of Phenazepam, which cuts the half life down quite a bit. Psychoactive effects are mostly led by its metabolites, rather than the drug itself." } }, "3,4-ctmp": { "aliases": [ "34ctmp", "3,4-dichloromethylphenidate" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "4-6mg", "Heavy": "6-10mg", "Light": "2-4mg", "Threshold": "1-2mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-18" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_34Dichloromethylphenidate.shtml" }, "name": "3,4-ctmp", "pretty_name": "3,4-CTMP", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "34ctmp", "3,4-dichloromethylphenidate" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 1-2mg Light: 2-4mg Common: 4-6mg Heavy: 6-10mg", "duration": "4-18 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, decreased need for sleep, increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, excessive talking, decreased appetite, weight loss, sweating, disturbed sleep patterns, bruxism, visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "30-90 minutes.", "summary": "A strong stimulant, NDRI and analogue of methylphenidate. Has increased in popularity in recent years. Said to be seven times more potent than methylphenidate but with a slower onset, however discrimination studies have found it to be more addictive than cocaine." } }, "3,6-dmpm": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "name": "3,6-dmpm", "pretty_name": "3,6-DMPM", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "summary": "Stimulant that is related to Phenmetrazine. There is limited information on this drug." } }, "3c-e": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "stimulant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-16" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "35-50mg", "Light": "25-35mg", "Strong": "50-70mg+", "Threshold": "15-25mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-14" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_3CE.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal025.shtml" }, "name": "3c-e", "pretty_name": "3C-E", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-16 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "stimulant" ], "dose": "Threshold: 15-25mg Light: 25-35mg Common: 35-50mg Strong: 50-70mg+", "duration": "8-14 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-60 minutes.", "summary": "Three-Carbon Analog of Escaline. Substituted Amphetamine." } }, "3c-p": { "aliases": [ "3cp" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-40mg", "Heavy": "40+mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Threshold": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "10-18" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-150" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_3CP.shtml" }, "name": "3c-p", "pretty_name": "3C-P", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "3cp" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 5-10mg Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-40mg Heavy: 40+mg", "duration": "10-18 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "60-150 minutes.", "summary": "Rather new and uncommon stimulant, psychedelic and amphetamine with properties similar to the 2C-x class of drugs. 3-carbon homologue of proscaline." } }, "4-aco-dalt": { "aliases": [ "4acodalt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-70mg", "Heavy": "100+mg", "Light": "40-50mg", "Threshold": "20mg" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Light": "5-8mg", "Strong": "15+mg", "Threshold": "2-4mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-9" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4AcODALT.shtml" }, "name": "4-aco-dalt", "pretty_name": "4-AcO-DALT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "4acodalt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 20mg Light: 40-50mg Common: 50-70mg Heavy: 100+mg | Vapourized Threshold: 2-4mg Light: 5-8mg Common: 10-15mg Strong: 15+mg", "duration": "5-9 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-90 minutes.", "summary": "An uncommon tryptamine derivative first reported in the mid 2000s, likely a psychedelic. Little is known about the pharmacology or effects of this compound." } }, "4-aco-det": { "aliases": [ "ethacetin", "ethylacybin", "4-acetoxy-det" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "15-30mg", "Threshold": "2-5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "2-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4AcODET.shtml" }, "name": "4-aco-det", "pretty_name": "4-AcO-DET", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "ethacetin", "ethylacybin", "4-acetoxy-det" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 2-5mg's Light: 5-15mg's Common: 10-15mg's. Strong: 15-30mg's+\"", "duration": "Oral: 2-6 hours.", "onset": "15-60 minutes (Dependant on form and stomach contents)", "summary": "Rare drug that is of the tryptamine family, comparable to Psilocybin. Expected to quickly hydrolyzed into the free phenolic 4-HO-DET." } }, "4-aco-dipt": { "aliases": [ "4-acetoxy-dipt", "4acodipt", "ipracetin", "iprocetyl", "aces" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: The freebase salt form of 4-AcO-DiPT is 10% more potent than the HC1 salt form. These dosages are provided for the freebase salt", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-35mg", "Threshold": "3-5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4AcODiPT.shtml" }, "name": "4-aco-dipt", "pretty_name": "4-AcO-DiPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "4-acetoxy-dipt", "4acodipt", "ipracetin", "iprocetyl", "aces" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 3-5mg Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-35mg | NOTE: The freebase salt form of 4-AcO-DiPT is 10% more potent than the HCl salt form. These dosages are provided for the freebase salt", "duration": "2-5 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-90 minutes. (Dependant on form and stomach contents)", "summary": "An uncommon psychedelic tryptamine with a short history of human use, also known as Ipracetin. Possibly first synthesised by Alexander Shulgin. Some reports of heavy nausea, with effects comparable to 2C-b and Psilocybin Mushrooms." } }, "4-aco-dmt": { "aliases": [ "4acodmt", "psilacetin", "4-aco", "4-acetoxy-dmt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-25mg", "Heavy": "25-40mg", "Light": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "4-aco-dmt is a psilocin analog", "so effects are very similar to mushrooms", "Some users report very little difference between 4-aco-dmt and psilocybin mushrooms" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4AcODMT.shtml" }, "name": "4-aco-dmt", "pretty_name": "4-AcO-DMT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "4acodmt", "psilacetin", "4-aco", "4-acetoxy-dmt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "common" ], "comeup": "Slow comeup, some users report it taking nearly 2 hours until first effects are felt.", "dose": "Oral Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-25mg Heavy: 25-40mg", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "effects": "4-aco-dmt is a psilocin analog, so effects are very similar to Psilocybin mushrooms. Some users report very little difference between 4-aco-dmt and Psilocybin mushrooms.", "onset": "20-90 minutes. (dependant on form and stomach contents)", "summary": "A prodrug for Psilocin with extremely similar effects as Psilocybin Mushrooms." }, "pweffects": { "8B Geometry - Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8B_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Creativity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Creativity_enhancement", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Enhancement and suppression cycles": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Enhancement_and_suppression_cycles", "Excessive yawning": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Excessive_yawning", "Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Feelings of impending doom": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_impending_doom", "Feelings of interdependent opposites": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_interdependent_opposites", "Feelings of predeterminism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_predeterminism", "Feelings of self-design": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_self-design", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Machinescapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Machinescapes", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Mindfulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Mindfulness", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Personal meaning enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_meaning_enhancement", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Rejuvenation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Rejuvenation", "Runny nose": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Runny_nose", "Salivation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Salivation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spirituality enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spirituality_enhancement", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Subconscious communication": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Subconscious_communication", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Synaesthesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Synaesthesia", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression" } }, "4-aco-dpt": { "aliases": [ "4acodpt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "15-25mg", "Light": "10-15mg", "Strong": "25-35mg+" } }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10" }, "name": "4-aco-dpt", "pretty_name": "4-AcO-DPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "4acodpt" ], "avoid": "This tryptamine may work differently than other tryptamines. Caution is recommended for all mixes with it.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Insufflated Light: 10-15mg Common: 15-25mg Strong: 25-35mg+", "duration": "Insufflated 60-120 minutes.", "note": "It seems that everyone is in favour of taking this substance intranasally, due to a quite poor oral BA.", "onset": "Insufflated: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "Research chemical of tryptamine class. First noted being sold in 2012. There are conflicting reports on it's effects. The drug does not dissolve well in all solutions it was tested." } }, "4-aco-met": { "aliases": [ "metacetin", "4-acetoxy-met", "4acomet" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-25mg", "Heavy": "25-35+mg", "Light": "12-18mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4AcOMET.shtml" }, "name": "4-aco-met", "pretty_name": "4-AcO-MET", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "metacetin", "4-acetoxy-met", "4acomet" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 12-18mg Common: 20-25mg Heavy: 25-35+mg", "duration": "4-6 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-40 minutes.", "summary": "A rare psychedelic tryptamine which is thought to be metabolised into 4-HO-MET. During the onset and duration the intensity will vary but effect profile is largely the same." }, "pweffects": { "8A Geometry - Exposure to semantic concept network": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8A_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_semantic_concept_network", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Feelings of interdependent opposites": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_interdependent_opposites", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Subconscious communication": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Subconscious_communication", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Thought loops": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_loops", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "4-aco-mipt": { "aliases": [ "mipracetin", "4acomipt" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic", "empathogen", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-40mg." }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "10-15mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "4-9", "Vapourized": "1-2" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "15-45", "Vapourized": "1-2" }, "name": "4-aco-mipt", "pretty_name": "4-AcO-MiPT", "properties": { "aliases": [ "mipracetin", "4acomipt" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic", "empathogen", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-40mg. | Vapourized Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-15 mg.", "duration": "Oral: 4-9 hours. | Vapourized: 1-2 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-45 minutes. | Vapourized: 1-2 minutes.", "summary": "A potent tryptamine that has be related to having \"Psilocybin mushroom-like\" visuals - yet without much bodyload. The drug is said to be very hydroscopic. There are reports of it being safely dosed, similar to the likes of 2C-B." } }, "4-benzylpiperidine": { "aliases": [ "4-pmpd" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "125-200mg", "Heavy": "350mg+.", "Light": "75-125mg", "Strong": "200-350mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-45" }, "name": "4-benzylpiperidine", "pretty_name": "4-Benzylpiperidine", "properties": { "aliases": [ "4-pmpd" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 75-125mg Common: 125-200mg Strong: 200-350mg Heavy: 350mg+.", "duration": "2-5 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, decreased need for sleep, increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, excessive talking, decreased appetite, weight loss, sweating, disturbed sleep patterns, bruxism, visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "10-45 minutes.", "summary": "A dopamine releasing agent with weak serotonin releasing properties. Little evidence of human use. Potentially dangerous in overdose given MAOI + monoamine releasing properties." } }, "4-cbc": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " Note: Be careful and read the summary before ingesting this substance.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "50-80mg", "Light": "40-70mg", "Strong": "80-100mg." }, "Oral": { "Common": "70-100mg", "Light": "40-70mg", "Strong": "100-130mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-3", "Oral": "2-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-20", "Oral": "30-60" }, "name": "4-cbc", "pretty_name": "4-CBC", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-6 hours.", "avoid": "Drugs that can raise blood pressure, such as stimulants.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 40-70mg Common: 70-100mg Strong: 100-130mg | Insufflated: Light: 30-50mg Common: 50-80mg Strong: 80-100mg. | Note: Be careful and read the summary before ingesting this substance.", "duration": "Oral: 2-4 hours. | Insufflated: 1-3 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 30-60mg | Insufflated: 5-20 minutes.", "summary": "It is a potentially very neurotoxic cathinone. No scientic reports have been noted on the neurotoxicity or cardiotoxicity, please use with extreme caution." } }, "4-chlorodiazepam": { "aliases": [ "ro5-4864", "4'-chlorodiazepam" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "name": "4-chlorodiazepam", "pretty_name": "4-Chlorodiazepam", "properties": { "aliases": [ "ro5-4864", "4'-chlorodiazepam" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "summary": "A benzodiazepine derivative of Diazepam, yet lacks affinity for GABA(a) receptors, yet is a sedative that has pro-convulsant effects. At lower doses it has been shown to be neuroprotective." } }, "4-cic": { "categories": [ "inactive" ], "name": "4-cic", "pretty_name": "4-CIC", "properties": { "categories": [ "inactive" ], "summary": "reportedly inactive." } }, "4-cma": { "categories": [ "research-chemical" ], "name": "4-cma", "pretty_name": "4-CMA", "properties": { "categories": [ "research-chemical" ], "summary": "The stimulant that is the N-Methyl Derivative and prodrug of the neurotoxic para-Chloroamphetamine.", "warning": "Prodrug of the Neurotoxic para-Chloroamphetamine." } }, "4-cmc": { "aliases": [ "4cmc" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50mg-100mg", "Light": "30-50mg", "Strong": "100mg+", "Threshold": "20-30mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "2-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "20-60" }, "name": "4-cmc", "pretty_name": "4-CMC", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-3 hours", "aliases": [ "4cmc" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 20-30mg Light: 30-50mg Common: 50mg-100mg Strong: 100mg+", "duration": "Oral: 2-4 hours Insufflated 1-3 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, decreased need for sleep, increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, excessive talking, decreased appetite, weight loss, sweating, disturbed sleep patterns, bruxism, visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "Oral: 20-60 minutes. Insufflated: 10-40 minutes.", "summary": "This summary is written based on few sources: The cathinone analogue of 4-CMA, which is highly neurotoxic. It is not known if the cathinone family holds the same neurotoxicity concern as with the parent compound." } }, "4-emc": { "aliases": [ "4-ethylmethcathinone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-200mg", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "200mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4Ethylmethcathinone.shtml" }, "name": "4-emc", "pretty_name": "4-EMC", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "4-ethylmethcathinone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-200mg Strong: 200mg+", "duration": "3-5 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, decreased need for sleep, increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, excessive talking, decreased appetite, weight loss, sweating, disturbed sleep patterns, bruxism, visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "20-60 minutes.", "summary": "A stimulant that is a structural isomer of 4-MEC." } }, "4-epd": { "aliases": [ "4-ethylpentedrone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "20-30mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "30-50mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-3" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "10-30" }, "name": "4-epd", "pretty_name": "4-EPD", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "4-ethylpentedrone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Insufflated Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-30mg Strong: 30-50mg's.", "duration": "1-3 hours.", "onset": "Insufflated: 10-30 minutes.", "summary": "An obscure analogue of Pentedrone, there is very little information on this chemical. It is likely is shares the same general effects of the other Pentedrone family." } }, "4-fa": { "aliases": [ "4-Fluoroamphetamine", "4fa", "4-fmp", "4-fluoroamphetamine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen", "common" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Insufflating does not appear to provide a better bioavailability than oral ingestion, and can cause damage to nasal cavity.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "70-110mg", "Heavy": "115-150mg", "Light": "50-70mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "30-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4Fluoroamphetamine.shtml" }, "name": "4-fa", "pretty_name": "4-FA", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "4-Fluoroamphetamine", "4fa", "4-fmp", "4-fluoroamphetamine" ], "avoid": "Other stimulants and depressants. MXE is also to be avoided (possibility of serotonin syndrome). See combination information for more.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-70mg Common: 70-110mg Heavy: 115-150mg | NOTE: Insufflating does not appear to provide a better bioavailability than oral ingestion, and can cause damage to nasal cavity.", "duration": "4-8 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, decreased need for sleep, increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, excessive talking, decreased appetite, weight loss, sweating, disturbed sleep patterns, bruxism, visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "Oral: 30-90 minutes.", "summary": "An empathogen commonly used in place of MDMA, having a similar duration of empathogenic effects. This drug, however, has a longer stimulant \"tail,\" during which effects are more like those of amphetamines. Not to be confused with 4-FMA, which has a similar potency, but is not particularly empathogenic." }, "pweffects": { "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Ego inflation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Ego_inflation", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Increased perspiration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_perspiration", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Comparison of 4-chloro-, 4-bromo- and 4-fluoroamphetamine in rats: drug levels in brain and effects on brain serotonin metabolism. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1196472", "4-Fluoroamphetamine, in contrast, lowered serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels only for short times (2–6 hr) after drug injection, and 5-hydroxyindole levels were essentially back to normal within 24 hr. - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0028390875900994" ] } }, "4-fea": { "aliases": [ "4-fluoroethylamphetamine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose_note": " Note: Tentative data as of writing.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-75mg", "Light": "25-50mg", "Strong": "75-150mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "40-60" }, "name": "4-fea", "pretty_name": "4-FEA", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "4-fluoroethylamphetamine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Light: 25-50mg Common: 50-75mg Strong: 75-150mg+ | Note: Tentative data as of writing.", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "onset": "40-60 minutes.", "summary": "Stimulant that is the ethyl analogue of 4-FMA." } }, "4-fluoroethylphenidate": { "aliases": [ "4f-eph", "4-feph" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-30mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "30-50mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-25" }, "name": "4-fluoroethylphenidate", "pretty_name": "4-Fluoroethylphenidate", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "4f-eph", "4-feph" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-30mg Strong: 30-50mg+", "duration": "5-6 hours.", "onset": "10-25 minutes.", "summary": "A more potent and longer lasting analogue of Ethylphenidate." } }, "4-fluoromethylphenidate": { "aliases": [ "4f-mph", "4-fmph", "4fmph", "4-fl-mph", "4-fluoro-mph" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " Note: There has been a range of different reactions to similar doses, in particular some users have reported 15mg being too intense. It is advisable to start low with this drug.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-10" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Heavy": "20-25mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "15-20mg", "Threshold": "1-5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "25-40" }, "name": "4-fluoromethylphenidate", "pretty_name": "4-Fluoromethylphenidate", "properties": { "after-effects": "5-10 hours", "aliases": [ "4f-mph", "4-fmph", "4fmph", "4-fl-mph", "4-fluoro-mph" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 1-5mg Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-15mg Strong: 15-20mg Heavy: 20-25mg | Note: There has been a range of different reactions to similar doses, particularly some users have reported 15mg being too intense. It is advisable to start low with this drug.", "duration": "4-8 hours", "onset": "25-40 minutes", "summary": "A relatively uncommon, more serotonergic derivative of methylphenidate. A dopamine reuptake inhibitor possessing similar effects to associated stimulant compounds." } }, "4-fluoropentedrone": { "aliases": [ "4-fpd", "4-f-pentedrone", "4f-pentedrone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "name": "4-fluoropentedrone", "pretty_name": "4-Fluoropentedrone", "properties": { "aliases": [ "4-fpd", "4-f-pentedrone", "4f-pentedrone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "summary": "An obscure analogue of pentedrone, little information exists about this cathinone. It is likely that it has the same general effects as pentedrone, mephedrone and other related stimulants." } }, "4-fma": { "aliases": [ "4-fluromethamphetamine", "4fma" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75-125mg", "Heavy": "125-200mg+", "Light": "50-75mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral": "20-40" }, "name": "4-fma", "pretty_name": "4-FMA", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "4-fluromethamphetamine", "4fma" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-75mg's Common: 75-125mg's Heavy: 125-200mg+", "duration": "3-5 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, decreased need for sleep, increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, excessive talking, decreased appetite, weight loss, sweating, disturbed sleep patterns, bruxism, visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "Oral: 20-40 minutes | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes", "summary": "A stimulant with some empathogenic properties, and analogue of Methamphetamine with similar effects. Reported to be less effective than 2-FMA and related compounds. Little is known about the pharmacological effects of this compound. Not to be confused with 4-FA, which has a different effect profile, despite similar potency." } }, "4-fmc": { "aliases": [ "4-fluoromethcathinone", "fpephedrone", "flephedrone", "4fmc" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Light": "25-40mg", "Strong": "100-150mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "100-150mg", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "150-200mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "2-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "15-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4Fluoromethcathinone.shtml" }, "name": "4-fmc", "pretty_name": "4-FMC", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "4-fluoromethcathinone", "fpephedrone", "flephedrone", "4fmc" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-150mg Strong: 150-200+mg | Insufflated Light: 25-40mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-150+mg", "duration": "Oral: 2-4 hours. Insufflated: 1-3 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, decreased need for sleep, increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, excessive talking, decreased appetite, weight loss, sweating, disturbed sleep patterns, bruxism, visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes. Insufflated 1-5 minutes.", "summary": "A cathinone stimulant also known as flephedrone, appeared in 2008 marketed as a mephedrone replacement. Reportedly mild empathogenic effects." } }, "4-fpm": { "categories": [ "research-chemical" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "20-40", "Oral": "60-90" }, "name": "4-fpm", "pretty_name": "4-FPM", "properties": { "categories": [ "research-chemical" ], "summary": "Some users report high dosages are needed to feel the effects of this drug" } }, "4-fpp": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "empathogen", "tentative", "stimulant" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "40-80mg", "Light": "20-40mg", "Strong": "80-150mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "4-fpp", "pretty_name": "4-FPP", "properties": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "empathogen", "tentative", "stimulant" ], "dose": "Light: 20-40mg Common: 40-80mg Strong: 80-150mg+", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "A piperazine derivative that has been reported to have mild pyschedelic effects and empathogenic qualities. It has been sold in many branded legal highs." } }, "4-ho-det": { "aliases": [ "4hodet", "4-hydroxy-det" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-20mg", "Light": "10-15mg", "Strong": "20-30mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-7" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4HODET.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal16.shtml" }, "name": "4-ho-det", "pretty_name": "4-HO-DET", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "4hodet", "4-hydroxy-det" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Light: 10-15mg Common: 15-20mg Strong: 20-30mg+", "duration": "3-7 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-60 minutes.", "summary": "A rare compound first produced by Albert Hoffman, also known as ethocin. Structurally related to 4-HO-MET (metocin) and psilocin (4-HO-DMT), this drug has similar psychedelic effects but little recorded human usage. Probably similar to psilocybin mushrooms. It has potentially stimulating effects." } }, "4-ho-dipt": { "aliases": [ "iprocin" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-30mg+", "Threshold": "3-5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4HODiPT.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal17.shtml" }, "name": "4-ho-dipt", "pretty_name": "4-HO-DiPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "iprocin" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Threshold: 3-5mg Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-30mg+", "duration": "2-4 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-60 minutes.", "summary": "A psychedelic tryptamine also known as iprocin. A homologue of psilocin, this drug likely has similar effects to psychedelic mushrooms. Said to have a rapid onset and relatively short duration for a drug of its class." } }, "4-ho-dpt": { "aliases": [ "4hodpt", "4-hydroxy-n", "n-dipropyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-75mg", "Heavy": "100mg", "Light": "25-50mg", "Strong": "75-100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "10-20" }, "name": "4-ho-dpt", "pretty_name": "4-HO-DPT", "properties": { "aliases": [ "4hodpt", "4-hydroxy-n", "n-dipropyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Light: 25-50mg Moderate: 50-75mg Strong: 75-100mg Heavy: 100mg +", "duration": "Insufflated: 2-4 hours.", "onset": "Insufflated: 10-20 minutes.", "summary": "A psychedelic hallucinogenic first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin. Light dosages are said to enhance appreciation and mental state, while higher dosages are said to induce visuals. The drug is said to cause a bodyload." } }, "4-ho-ept": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-30mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "30-50mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-45" }, "name": "4-ho-ept", "pretty_name": "4-HO-EPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-30mg Strong: 30-50mg+", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "onset": "30-45 minutes.", "summary": "The 4-Hydroxy version of EPT. Slightly more potent than the prior." } }, "4-ho-mcpt": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "name": "4-ho-mcpt", "pretty_name": "4-HO-MCPT", "properties": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "onset": "20-40 minutes.", "summary": "Novel synthetic tryptamine that is the cyclopropyl homologue of Psilocin. There is limited information on this drug." } }, "4-ho-met": { "aliases": [ "4homet", "homet", "metocin", "ethocin" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Intravenous": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Light": "5mg", "Strong": "20mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Light": "10mg", "Strong": "20mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-7" }, "formatted_effects": [ "A trip similar to mushrooms", "hallucination and general shift in consciousness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-25", "Intravenous": "2-10", "Oral": "5-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4HOMET.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal21.shtml" }, "name": "4-ho-met", "pretty_name": "4-HO-MET", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "4homet", "homet", "metocin", "ethocin" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "common" ], "detection": "Not known to be tested for in any standard drug tests", "dose": "Oral Light: 10mg Common: 10-15mg Strong: 20mg+ | Intravenous Light: 5mg Common: 10-15mg Strong: 20mg+", "duration": "3-7 hours Intravenous 2-4 Hours", "effects": "A trip similar to mushrooms, hallucination and general shift in consciousness.", "onset": "Oral: 5-60 minutes | Insufflated: 5-25 minutes | Intravenous: 2-10 minutes", "summary": "A lesser known psychedelic tryptamine. Functional analogue of Psilocin. Very poorly soluble in water and alcohol." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Depth perception distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depth_perception_distortions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Perspective distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_distortions", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought loops": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_loops", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "4-ho-mipt": { "aliases": [ "4homipt", "homipt", "ho-mipt", "4-ho", "miprocin" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-20mg", "Heavy": "40mg+", "Light": "10-15mg", "Strong": "20-30mg", "Threshold": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Brightened colors", "visual distortions", "altered perception", "a sense of connectedness with the world around you", "heightened emotions", "paranoia", "intrusive thoughts" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4HOMiPT.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal22.shtml" }, "name": "4-ho-mipt", "pretty_name": "4-HO-MiPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "4homipt", "homipt", "ho-mipt", "4-ho", "miprocin" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 5-10mg Light: 10-15mg Common: 15-20mg Strong: 20-30mg Heavy: 40mg+", "duration": "3-6 hours", "effects": "Brightened colors, visual distortions, altered perception, a sense of conectedness with the world around you, heightened emotions, paranoia, intrusive thoughts.", "onset": "20-90 minutes depending on stomach contents.", "summary": "A reasonably popular tryptamine deriviative and Psilocin analogue, first synthesised by Alexander Shulgin. It has been reported as having comparable effects to psilocybin mushrooms, though with a shorter duration." }, "pweffects": { "8B Geometry - Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8B_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Enhancement and suppression cycles": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Enhancement_and_suppression_cycles", "Feelings of interdependent opposites": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_interdependent_opposites", "Feelings of predeterminism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_predeterminism", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Runny nose": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Runny_nose", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Subconscious communication": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Subconscious_communication", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Synaesthesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Synaesthesia", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Thought loops": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_loops", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness", "Watery eyes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Watery_eyes" } }, "4-ho-mpmi": { "aliases": [ "lucigenol" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " Note: As of writing this note, this substance has not been reported on dosages past 2mg. Caution should be given when dosing. The drug is near eqipotent to DOI.", "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg.", "Light": "750ug-1mg", "Threshold": "500-750ug." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-60" }, "name": "4-ho-mpmi", "pretty_name": "4-HO-MPMI", "properties": { "aliases": [ "lucigenol" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 500-750ug. Light: 750ug-1mg Common: 1-2mg. | Note, this substance has never been reported on past 2mg's. Use you're judgement; It's near eqipotent to DOI.", "duration": "6-8 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "15-60 minutes.", "summary": "A rare tryptamine derivative first synthesised by David Nichols. This drug, also known as lucigenol, has rarely been documented outside the lab. It is known to be a psychedelic similar to other psychoactive tryptamines, with a potency similar to DOI. Little else is known about the drug." } }, "4-ho-mpt": { "aliases": [ "4hompt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: The drug does not appear to be active rectally.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "15-25mg" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "3-5mg", "Strong": "10-15mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "3-6", "Vapourized": "45-90" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "30-60", "Vapourized": "1-2" }, "name": "4-ho-mpt", "pretty_name": "4-HO-MPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "4hompt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-15mg Strong: 15-25mg | Vapourized Light: 3-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-15mg | Note: I couldn't find a report that taking this substance rectally produced any effects.", "duration": "Oral: 3-6 hours. | Vapourized: 45-90 minutes.", "onset": "Oral: 30-60 minutes. | Vapourized: 1-2 minutes.", "summary": "Psychedelic drug of the tryptamine class. Higher homologue of Psilocin, and is the 4-hydroxy analogue of N-Methyl-N-Propyltryptamine." } }, "4-mec": { "aliases": [ "4-Methylethcathinone", "4mec", "4-methylethcathinone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "40-100mg", "Light": "25-40mg", "Strong": "100-150mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "100-200mg", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "200mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "2-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "15-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4Methylethcathinone.shtml" }, "name": "4-mec", "pretty_name": "4-MEC", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "4-Methylethcathinone", "4mec", "4-methylethcathinone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-200mg Strong: 200mg+ | Insufflated Light: 25-40mg Common: 40-100mg Strong: 100-150mg+", "duration": "Oral: 2-5 hours. Insufflated 2-3 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, decreased need for sleep, increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, excessive talking, decreased appetite, weight loss, sweating, disturbed sleep patterns, bruxism, visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "Oral: 15-45 minutes. Insufflated 3-5 minutes.", "summary": "A substituted cathinone stimulant; little is known about its safety or subjective effects. It is believed to have similar effects to mephedrone, but with a lower potency and a stronger stimulating character." } }, "4-meo-butryfentanyl": { "aliases": [ "4-meo-bf" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "research-chemical", "opioid", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "30-75", "Oral": "45-120" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "1-2", "Oral": "5-15" }, "name": "4-meo-butryfentanyl", "pretty_name": "4-MeO-Butyrfentanyl", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-2 hours.", "aliases": [ "4-meo-bf" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "research-chemical", "opioid", "habit-forming" ], "duration": "Oral: 45-120 minutes. | Insufflated: 30-75 minutes.", "onset": "Oral: 5-15 minutes. | Insufflated: 1-2 minutes.", "summary": "Rare opioid and fentanyl analogue (not to be confused with Butyrfentanyl). There is very limited information online and little to no dosage information. Exercise extreme caution when using this drug. Overdose may result in respiratory depression. Do not mix with stimulants or depressants." } }, "4-meo-mipt": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "10mg", "Strong": "20mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-7" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4MeOMiPT.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal39.shtml" }, "name": "4-meo-mipt", "pretty_name": "4-MeO-MiPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20+mg", "duration": "3-7 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-60 minutes", "summary": "A rare psychedelic tryptamine first synthesised by Alexander Shulgin, known as the \"little brother\" of 5-MeO-MiPT. There are reports of it to be mild with lighter visual effects than most tryptamines." } }, "4-meo-pcp": { "aliases": [ "4meopcp" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: These doses are very tentative.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-150mg", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "150mg+", "Threshold": "25-50mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-15" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4MeOPCP.shtml" }, "name": "4-meo-pcp", "pretty_name": "4-MeO-PCP", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "4meopcp" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 25-50mg Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-150mg Strong: 150mg+ | NOTE: These doses are tentative and it is recommended to do further research.", "duration": "8-15 hours.", "onset": "45-90 minutes.", "summary": "An arylcyclohexamine dissociative anaesthetic related to PCP. First discovered in the 1960s by Parke-Davis, it was introduced to the RC market in 2008. There are reports of it being less potent than PCP. There is said to be an increase in usage due to the limited availability of other dissociatives." } }, "4-methylaminorex": { "aliases": [], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Dangerous": "15-20mg+", "Light": "1-5mg", "Strong": "10-15mg", "Threshold": "1mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "14-18" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "5-15" }, "name": "4-methylaminorex", "pretty_name": "4-METHYLAMINOREX", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Threshold: 1mg Light: 1-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-15mg Dangerous: 15-20mg+", "duration": "14-18 hours.", "onset": "5-15 minutes.", "summary": "A very potent stimulant that has a long duration of action at around 16 hours." } }, "4-methylmethylphenidate": { "aliases": [ "4-mmph", "4-me-tmp", "4-metmp" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "20-45mg", "Heavy": "70mg+", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "45-70mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "40-60mg", "Heavy": "90-125mg+", "Light": "25-40mg", "Strong": "60-90mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-5", "Oral": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "decreased need for sleep", "increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "excessive talking", "decreased appetite", "weight loss", "sweating", "disturbed sleep patterns", "bruxism", "visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-20", "Oral": "15-35" }, "name": "4-methylmethylphenidate", "pretty_name": "4-Methylmethylphenidate", "properties": { "aliases": [ "4-mmph", "4-me-tmp", "4-metmp" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 25-40mg Common: 40-60mg Strong: 60-90mg Heavy: 90-125mg+ | Insufflated Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-45mg Strong: 45-70mg Heavy: 70mg+", "duration": "Oral: 4-6 hours | Insufflated: 2-5 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, decreased need for sleep, increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, excessive talking, decreased appetite, weight loss, sweating, disturbed sleep patterns, bruxism, visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "Oral: 15-35 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-20 minutes.", "summary": "A stimulant drug related to methylphenidate (MPH). The drug has lower dopamine reuptake inhibition properties and is potentially less potent than MPH. There are reports claiming it to be similar in effect to MPH." } }, "4-mpd": { "categories": [ "tentative", "stimulant", "habit-forming" ], "name": "4-mpd", "pretty_name": "4-MPD", "properties": { "categories": [ "tentative", "stimulant", "habit-forming" ], "summary": "Stimulant of the cathinone class. Higher homologue of Mephedrone, and the p-Methyl analogue of Pentedrone." } }, "4-mta": { "aliases": [ "4-methylthioamphetamine" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "empathogen", "tentative" ], "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4MTA.shtml" }, "name": "4-mta", "pretty_name": "4-MTA", "properties": { "aliases": [ "4-methylthioamphetamine" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "empathogen", "tentative" ], "summary": "Empathogen with very low chronic toxicity but high risk of acute harm due to mixed serotonin release and MAOI action. There are some reports that indicate it does not have a notable euphoric effect." } }, "4,4-dmar": { "aliases": [ "serotoni", "4,4-dmap" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "empathogen", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "60-120mg", "Light": "30-60mg", "Strong": "120-200mg." } }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-15", "Oral": "15-30" }, "name": "4,4-dmar", "pretty_name": "4,4-DMAR", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "serotoni", "4,4-dmap" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "empathogen", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 30-60mg Common: 60-120mg Strong: 120-200mg.", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes. || Insufflated: 5-15 minutes.", "summary": "Very closely related stimulant to Aminorex and Pemoline. The drug has been sold under the brand name \"Serotoni\" and has been linked to at least 31 deaths. The drug is a potent SNDRA." } }, "4f-neb": { "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "75-150mg", "Light": "50-75", "Strong": "150-250mg." }, "Oral": { "Common": "100-150mg", "Light": "75-100mg", "Strong": "150-300mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "50-100", "Oral": "90-180" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral": "15-30" }, "name": "4f-neb", "pretty_name": "4F-NEB", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "dose": "Oral Light: 75-100mg Common: 100-150mg Strong: 150-300mg | Insufflated Light: 50-75 Common: 75-150mg Strong: 150-250mg.", "duration": "Oral: 90-180 minutes. | Insufflated: 50-100 minutes.", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "The 4-Fluoro analogue of N-Ethylbuphedrone (NEB) is a part of the cathinone class." } }, "4f-php": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "30-50mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "name": "4f-php", "pretty_name": "4F-PHP", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Insufflated Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-50mg+", "duration": "3-6 hours.", "onset": "Insufflated 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "4-Fluoro analogue of a-PHP. There are some reports indicating it has less manic effects than a-PHP, however the dosages seem similar." } }, "4f-pvp": { "aliases": [ "4f-a-pvp", "pfpvp" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "stimulant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-25mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "15-20" }, "name": "4f-pvp", "pretty_name": "4F-PVP", "properties": { "aliases": [ "4f-a-pvp", "pfpvp" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "stimulant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Insufflated Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-25mg+", "duration": "Insufflated: 2-4 hours.", "onset": "Insufflated: 15-20 minutes.", "summary": "Fluorinated analogue of a-PVP. Reports indicate it to be slightly stronger than its parent compound." } }, "5-apb": { "aliases": [ "5apb" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "70-100mg", "Light": "40-60mg", "Strong": "100mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "7-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Users describe effects ranging from total incapacitation and paranoia to euphoria", "Largely", "effects reported were similar to that of the drug MDA", "with euphoria", "empathy", "sedative", "sometimes stimulating effects" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_5APB.shtml" }, "name": "5-apb", "pretty_name": "5-APB", "properties": { "after-effects": "smooth come down/afterglow", "aliases": [ "5apb" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "detection": "May cause false positives for MDA (1-5 days)", "dose": "Oral Light: 40-60mg Common: 70-100mg Strong: 100mg+", "duration": "7-8 hours", "effects": "Users describe effects ranging from total incapacitation and paranoia to euphoria. Largely, effects reported were similar to that of the drug MDA, with euphoria, empathy, sedative, sometimes stimulating effects", "onset": "45 -60 minutes", "summary": "A triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor. This agonism for 5-HT2B makes it likely that 5-APB would be cardiotoxic with long term use, as seen in other 5-HT2B agonists such as fenfluramine and MDMA.", "wiki": "http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/5apb" } }, "5-apdb": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75-125mg", "Heavy": "125-200mg+", "Light": "50-75mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_5APDB.shtml" }, "name": "5-apdb", "pretty_name": "5-APDB", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-75mg Common: 75-125mg Heavy: 125-200mg+", "duration": "4-8 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "20-60 minutes", "summary": "An entactogenic amphetamine stimulant with similar structure and effects to MDMA. An analogue of MDA, it is a highly selective serotonin releaser but inhibits reuptake of serotonin (weakly), dopamine and norepinephrine." } }, "5-apdi": { "aliases": [ "iap" ], "categories": [ "empathogen", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-50mg", "Light": "15-25mg", "Strong": "50-75mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "8-14" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "30-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_IAP.shtml" }, "name": "5-apdi", "pretty_name": "5-APDI", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "iap" ], "categories": [ "empathogen", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 15-25mg Common: 25-50mg Strong: 50-75mg+", "duration": "Oral: 8-14 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "Oral: 30-90 minutes.", "summary": "Commonly known as IAP. A selective serotonin releasing agent with psychedelic and empathogenic properties. Users have often reported issues with the drug causing overheating and unwelcome bowel movements." } }, "5-bpdi": { "categories": [ "habit-forming", "research-chemical", "stimulant", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-25mg", "Heavy": "45+mg.", "Light": "7.5-10mg", "Strong": "25-45mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "15-30" }, "name": "5-bpdi", "pretty_name": "5-BPDI", "properties": { "after-effects": "3-8 hours.", "categories": [ "habit-forming", "research-chemical", "stimulant", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 7.5-10mg Common: 10-25mg Strong: 25-45mg Heavy: 45+mg.", "duration": "Oral: 4-8 hours. Insufflated: 2-5 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes. Insufflated: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "An analogue of a-PHP, which has been described as having a similar effect profile, while some users indicating lighter effects and less of the feeling to compulsively redose. There is limited reported use on this drug." } }, "5-br-dmt": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_dose": { "Vapourized": { "Common": "25-35mg.", "Light": "10-25mg.", "Strong": "35-65mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-90" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "1-2" }, "name": "5-br-dmt", "pretty_name": "5-Bromo-DMT", "properties": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Vapourized Light: 10-25mg. Common: 25-35mg. Strong: 35-65mg.", "duration": "15-90 minutes.", "onset": "1-2 minutes.", "summary": "Psychedelic drug of the tryptamine class, and is also found in two marine invertebrates. Animal studies have shown that this could be useful for sedative and/or antidepressant use." } }, "5-dbfpv": { "categories": [ "tentative", "stimulant", "habit-forming", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "30-60mg.", "Threshold": "2-5mg" } }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-15", "Oral": "15-45" }, "name": "5-dbfpv", "pretty_name": "5-DBFPV", "properties": { "after-effects": "4-12 hours.", "categories": [ "tentative", "stimulant", "habit-forming", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 2-5mg Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-60mg.", "onset": "Oral: 15-45 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-15 minutes.", "summary": "Stimulant of the cathinone class. Analogue of MDPV where the methylenedioxyphenyl group was replaced with a dihydrobenzofuran." } }, "5-eapb": { "aliases": [ "5eapb" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "40-60mg", "Light": "30-40mg", "Strong": "60-100mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "60-100mg", "Light": "50-60mg", "Strong": "100-150mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "5-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "name": "5-eapb", "pretty_name": "5-EAPB", "properties": { "aliases": [ "5eapb" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-60mg Common: 60-100mg Strong: 100-150+mg | Insufflated Light: 30-40mg Common: 40-60mg Strong: 60-100+mg", "duration": "Oral: 5-6 hours Insufflated: 3-4 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "Oral 30-60 minutes Insufflated 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "Initially sold as a replacement to 5-MAPB, the drug seems to be less enjoyable than the former." } }, "5-htp": { "aliases": [ "5htp", "5-hydroxytryptophan", "tryptophan", "l-tryptophan", "oxitriptan" ], "categories": [ "common", "supplement" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Do not take this while on a serotonergic drug. It is recommended to wait at least 24 hours after taking MDMA (/similar) due to the concern of serotonin syndrome.", "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-200mg", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "200-300mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "sleep aid", "antidepressant", "appetite suppressant", "nausea", "mood stabilising" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Tryptophan.shtml" }, "name": "5-htp", "pretty_name": "5-HTP", "properties": { "aliases": [ "5htp", "5-hydroxytryptophan", "tryptophan", "l-tryptophan", "oxitriptan" ], "avoid": "Anything which releases serotonin, such as MDMA and DXM.", "categories": [ "common", "supplement" ], "dose": "Therapeutic Common: 50-100mg | Sleep Common: 100-200mg | Recovery Common: 200-300mg | NOTE: Do not take this while on drug that releases serotonin. It is recommended to wait at least 24 hours after dosing MDMA before taking 5-HTP.", "duration": "4-6 hours", "effects": "sleep aid, antidepressant, appetite suppressant, nausea, mood stabilising", "mdma": "5-HTP should only be taken at least 24 hours following an MDMA (or similar) dose. Do not take it during or before MDMA - this can cause serotonin syndrome.", "onset": "30-60 minutes", "summary": "The precursor to serotonin. In some countries it is sold OTC as a supplement for mood stabilisation and insomnia. It is frequently used as a recovery supplement following the use of MDMA/any other drug that depletes serotonin. It is not recommended to mix this drug with other serotonin releasers." } }, "5-iai": { "aliases": [ "5iai" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "name": "5-iai", "pretty_name": "5-IAI", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "5iai" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "summary": "A monoamine triple releaser first synthesised by David Nichols, possesses similar properties to MDMA. It is suspected to be neurotoxic however more research is needed to say.", "warning": "Note: It seems /most/ of the market for this drug is infact largely falsified." } }, "5-it": { "aliases": [ "5-api" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-48" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Light": "50mg", "Strong": "100-150mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "90-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_5IT.shtml" }, "name": "5-it", "pretty_name": "5-IT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-48 hours.", "aliases": [ "5-api" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-150mg+", "duration": "8-12 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "90-120 minutes.", "summary": "An empathogenic stimulant with a long duration. The drug is prone to cause overheating. Caution is recommended when using this drug. The drug is related to αMT, though it is described as being less psychedelic and with much stronger stimulating effects." } }, "5-mapb": { "aliases": [ "5mapb" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "60-80mg", "Heavy": "80-100mg+", "Light": "40-60mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_5MAPB.shtml" }, "name": "5-mapb", "pretty_name": "5-MAPB", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-4 hours", "aliases": [ "5mapb" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 40-60mg Common: 60-80mg Heavy: 80-100mg+", "duration": "5-8 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "45-60 minutes", "summary": "Empathogen structurally similar to MDMA. The drug is reported to be more visual and less stimulating than other empathogens. The drug is also reported to have less psychedelic effects than 6-APB. The drug lasts longer than MDMA." } }, "5-mapdb": { "aliases": [ "5mapdb" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75-120mg", "Light": "50-75mg", "Strong": "120-150mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-70" }, "name": "5-mapdb", "pretty_name": "5-MAPDB", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-4 hours. (depending on the dose)", "aliases": [ "5mapdb" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-75mg Common: 75-120mg Strong: 120-150mg+", "duration": "5-8 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "45-70 minutes.", "summary": "An entactogenic drug with similar effects to MDMA. The drug is structurally related to 5-MAPB. The drug is suspected to release serotonin and have neurotoxicity concerns similar to MDMA." } }, "5-meo-amt": { "aliases": [ "5meoamt" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Hospitalizations have occured with as doses as low as 8mg", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-24+" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "2-4mg", "Light": "1-2mg", "Strong": "4-6mg", "Threshold": "0.5-1mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "8-12", "Oral": "12-18" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_5MeOAMT.shtml" }, "name": "5-meo-amt", "pretty_name": "5-MeO-αMT", "properties": { "after-effects": "4-24+ hours.", "aliases": [ "5meoamt" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 0.5-1mg Light: 1-2mg Common: 2-4mg Strong: 4-6mg | NOTE: Hospitalizations have occured with as doses as low as 8mg", "duration": "Oral: 12-18 hours. | Insufflated: 8-12 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-120 minutes.", "summary": "A long-acting psychedelic and entactogenic tryptamine. The drug is structurally related to aMT. The drug is reported to be very potent and is sometimes sold on blotters. There have been a few reports of the drug being sold as LSD, however it seems this is rare. The drug may be an MAOI, caution is advised when dosing." } }, "5-meo-dalt": { "aliases": [ "5meodalt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "1-2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "12-20mg", "Light": "5-12mg", "Strong": "20mg+", "Threshold": "4-5mg" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "5-15mg", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "15mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "2-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "15-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_5MeODALT.shtml" }, "name": "5-meo-dalt", "pretty_name": "5-MeO-DALT", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 1-2 hours. Smoked: 5-10 minutes.", "aliases": [ "5meodalt" ], "avoid": "MAOI's.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 4-5mg Light: 5-12mg Common: 12-20mg Strong: 20+mg | Vapourized Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-15mg Strong: 15+mg", "duration": "Oral: 2-4 hours. Smoked: 20-30 minutes.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "oral: 15-30 minutes. Smoked: 1-2 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is reported to have psychedelic effects alongside atypical psychedelic effects. There are some reports of the drug having short intense entactogenic effects." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "5-meo-dibf": { "categories": [ "empathogen", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "15-20mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "20-40mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "40-60mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "6-8", "Oral": "8-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-45", "Oral": "20-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_5MeODiBF.shtml" }, "name": "5-meo-dibf", "pretty_name": "5-MeO-DIBF", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "categories": [ "empathogen", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-40mg Strong: 40-60mg+ | Insufflated Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-15mg Strong: 15-20mg+", "duration": "Oral 8-12 hours. | Insufflated 6-8 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 20-90 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-45 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is related to tryptamine, it is the Benzofuran analogue of 5-MeO-DiPT. The drug is suspected to be a serotonin receptor partial agonist by some. There is limited information on this drug." } }, "5-meo-dipt": { "aliases": [ "foxy", "foxy-methoxy", "5meodipt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-3" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "8-15mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "15-25mg+", "Threshold": "3mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_5MeODiPT.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal37.shtml" }, "name": "5-meo-dipt", "pretty_name": "5-MeO-DiPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-3 hours", "aliases": [ "foxy", "foxy-methoxy", "5meodipt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 3mg Light: 5-10mg Common: 8-15mg Strong: 15-25mg+", "duration": "4-8 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-40 minutes", "summary": "5-methoxy-di isopropyl tryptamine, also known as 'foxy', a psychedelic tryptamine related to DMT. The drug is reported to distort visual and audio perception. The drug is also reported to have a heavy body load at higher dosages. The drug is reported to be similar to those structurally similar to it." } }, "5-meo-dmt": { "aliases": [ "5meodmt", "toads", "5-meo", "5meo", "5-medmt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-3", "Smoked": "1-2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "3-5mg", "Strong": "8-15mg" }, "Smoked": { "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "15-45", "Smoked": "5-15" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Smoked: short duration", "powerful rushing of sensation", "overwhelming fear", "panic", "experience of \"the void\"", "ego death" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "1-5", "Smoked": "0-1" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_5MeODMT.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal38.shtml" }, "name": "5-meo-dmt", "pretty_name": "5-MeO-DMT", "properties": { "after-effects": "Smoked: 1-2 hours | Insufflated: 1-3 hours", "aliases": [ "5meodmt", "toads", "5-meo", "5meo", "5-medmt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Smoked Light: 2-5mg Common 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg | Insufflated Light: 3-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 8-15mg", "duration": "Smoked: 5-15 minutes | Insufflated: 15-45 minutes", "effects": "Smoked: short duration, powerful rushing of sensation, overwhelming fear, panic, experience of \"the void\", ego death", "onset": "Smoked: 0-1 minutes | Insufflated: 1-5 minutes", "summary": "A powerful psychedelic tryptamine found in many species of plants and some toad venom. There is a reported history of use by native South Americans spanning thousands of years. The drug has similar qualities to DMT and related tryptamines. The drug is reported to be very potent and orally active in combination with an MAOI." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Bodily pressures": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_pressures", "Changes in gravity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Changes_in_gravity", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Environmental orbism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_orbism", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Mindfulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Mindfulness", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Perception of increased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_increased_weight", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Recursion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Recursion", "Skin flushing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Skin_flushing", "Subconscious communication": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Subconscious_communication", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "5-meo-dpt": { "aliases": [ "5meodpt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: These doses are tentative and it is recommended to do further research.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "3-5mg", "Light": "3mg", "Strong": "5-10mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_5MeODPT.shtml" }, "name": "5-meo-dpt", "pretty_name": "5-MeO-DPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-2 hours.", "aliases": [ "5meodpt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 3mg Common: 3-5mg Strong: 5-10mg+ | NOTE: These doses are tentative and it is recommended to do further research.", "duration": "2-5 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-60 minutes.", "summary": "A rare tryptamine psychedelic and analogue of DPT. Little is known about this compound but it is likely to have effects similar to DPT, DMT and others related compounds." } }, "5-meo-eipt": { "aliases": [ "5meoeipt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: These doses are tentative and it is recommended to do further research.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "7-15mg", "Light": "3-7mg", "Strong": "15-20mg+", "Threshold": "1-3mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-25mg+", "Threshold": "2-5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "3-6", "Oral": "5-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "1-10", "Oral": "15-45" }, "name": "5-meo-eipt", "pretty_name": "5-MeO-EiPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "5meoeipt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 2-5mg Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-25mg+ | Insufflated Threshold: 1-3mg Light: 3-7mg Common: 7-15mg Strong: 15-20mg+", "duration": "Oral: 5-10 hours. | Insufflated: 3-6 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "Oral: 15-45 minutes. | Insufflated: 1-10 minutes.", "summary": "Little is known about this compound. It is a tryptamine and analogue of EiPT, and is also related to DiPT and DET. Probably a psychedelic. There are few reports of it's effects." } }, "5-meo-malt": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: There are inconsistent reports on the drugs effects. It is recommended to start low and raise dosages slowly.", "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "25-50mg", "Light": "15-25mg", "Strong": "50mg+" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "15-20mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-3", "Oral": "2-4", "Vapourized": "0.5-1.5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-15", "Oral": "5-30", "Vapourized": "1-5" }, "name": "5-meo-malt", "pretty_name": "5-MeO-MALT", "properties": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 15-25mg Common: 25-50mg Strong: 50mg+ | Insufflated Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20mg+ | Vapourized Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-15mg Strong: 15-20mg | There are inconsistent reports on the drugs effects. It is recommended to start low and raise dosages slowly.", "duration": "Oral: 2-4 hours. | Insufflated: 1-3 hours. | Vapourized: 0.5-1.5 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "Oral: 5-30 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-15 minutes. | Vapourized: 1-5 minutes.", "summary": "A new and uncommon psychedelic tryptamine related to 5-MeO-DALT. Little is known about the drug, however its effects are likely similar to other psychedelic tryptamines." } }, "5-meo-met": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-25mg", "Light": "13-15mg", "Strong": "25mg+" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "5-8mg", "Light": "1-5mg", "Strong": "8-12mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "2-3" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "10-45", "Vapourized": "1-5" }, "name": "5-meo-met", "pretty_name": "5-MeO-MET", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-2 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold 5-7mg Light: 13-15mg Common: 15-25mg Strong: 25mg+ | Vapourized Threshold: ~1mg Light: 1-5mg Common: 5-8mg Strong: 8-12mg+", "duration": "Oral: 2-3 hours. Vapourized 60-90 minutes.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "Oral: 10-45 minutes. | Vapourized: 1-5 minutes.", "summary": "An obscure psychedelic drug similar in structure to 5-MeO-DMT. The drug is suspected to be first synthesised by Alexander Shulgin. The drug is likely to have similar effects to other psychedelic tryptamines." } }, "5-meo-mipt": { "aliases": [ "5meomipt", "moxy", "5meo-mipt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-10" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "4-8mg", "Light": "1-3mg", "Strong": "8-12mg+.", "Threshold": "0.5mg-1mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-7" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_5MeOMIPT.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal40.shtml" }, "name": "5-meo-mipt", "pretty_name": "5-MeO-MiPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-10 hours", "aliases": [ "5meomipt", "moxy", "5meo-mipt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "common" ], "dose": "Threshold: 0.5mg-1mg Light: 1-3mg Common: 4-8mg Strong: 8-12mg+.", "duration": "3-7 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "<30 minutes.", "summary": "A potent, stimulating psychedelic tryptamine, sometimes compared to 5-MeO-DiPT. The drug is reported to have a unusually strong body component and weak visual effects. The drug is reported to be very empathogenic." }, "pweffects": { "8B Geometry - Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8B_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Depersonalization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depersonalization", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Headaches": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Headaches", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Stomach bloating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stomach_bloating", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "5-meo-nipt": { "aliases": [ "5meonipt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-16" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "8-15mg", "Strong": "15-25mg", "Threshold": "2-4mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "name": "5-meo-nipt", "pretty_name": "5-MeO-NIPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-16 hours.", "aliases": [ "5meonipt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Threshold: 2-4mg Common: 4-8mg Common: 8-15mg Strong: 15-25mg", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "onset": "30-60 minutes.", "summary": "The drug has limited information on it. It is a psychedelic tryptamine and analogue of NiPT. The drug is structurally related to DiPT and DET." } }, "5-meo-pyr-t": { "categories": [ "tentative", "research-chemical", "psychedelic" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-36" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-1.5mg", "Light": "0.5-1mg", "Strong": "1.5-2mg" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "1.5-2mg", "Light": "0.5-1.5mg", "Strong": "2-3mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "2-6", "Vapourized": "1-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "5-20", "Vapourized": "1-2" }, "name": "5-meo-pyr-t", "pretty_name": "5-MeO-PYR-T", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-36 hours.", "categories": [ "tentative", "research-chemical", "psychedelic" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 0.5-1mg Common: 1-1.5mg Strong: 1.5-2mg's. | Vapourised Light: 0.5-1.5mg Common: 1.5-2mg Strong: 2-3mg's.", "duration": "Oral: 2-6 hours. | Vapourised: 1-5 hours.", "note": "The drug has been reported in some cases to have residual effects that last over a week after dosing. It is recommended to have a tripsitter when consuming this substance and to be very cautious when using it.", "onset": "Oral: 5-20 minutes. | Vapourised: 1-2 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is a tryptamine that is atypical with its potency and more. There are reports of 3mg being vapourised that caused memory loss/blackouts." } }, "5-methyl-bk-mdea": { "aliases": [ "5-methyl-ethylone", "5-me" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "60-150mg", "Light": "30-60mg", "Strong": "150-300mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "100-250mg", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "250-400mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-3", "Oral": "2-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "20-40" }, "name": "5-methyl-bk-mdea", "pretty_name": "5-Methylethylone", "properties": { "aliases": [ "5-methyl-ethylone", "5-me" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-250mg Strong: 250-400mg+ | Insufflated Light: 30-60mg Common: 60-150mg Strong: 150-300mg+", "duration": "Oral: 2-4 hours. | Insufflated: 2-3 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increase libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "Oral: 20-40 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is also known as 5-methyl-ethylone, or 5-ME. This is a cathinone drug and a analogue of ethylone. The drug is suspected to be similar to other stimulants of the cathinone class, with a slightly higher potency than ethylone. The drug is possibly entactogenic and a monoamine releasing agent." } }, "5-ppdi": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "30-50mg", "Heavy": "70+mg.", "Light": "15-30mg", "Strong": "50-70mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "3-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "10-30" }, "name": "5-ppdi", "pretty_name": "5-PPDI", "properties": { "after-effects": "3-6 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 15-30mg Common: 30-50mg Strong: 50-70mg Heavy: 70+mg.", "duration": "Oral: 3-6 hours. Insufflated 1-4 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 10-30 minutes. Insufflated 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "An obscure analogue of α-PBP, which is itself an analogue of α-PVP. This rare compound has little history of human usage. There are some trip reports that suggest it is inactive. In the case that it is active, it likely has a similar effect profile to other pyrovalerone stimulants." } }, "5f-akb48": { "aliases": [ "5f-apinaca", "5fapinaca", "5fakb48" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "minutes", "Vapourized": "15-45" }, "formatted_dose": { "Vapourized": { "Light": "500-1000ug", "Strong": "1000-2500ug.", "Threshold": "500ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "Vapourized": "30-60" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Vapourized": "5-30" }, "name": "5f-akb48", "pretty_name": "5F-AKB48", "properties": { "after-effects": "Vapourized: 15-45 minutes.", "aliases": [ "5f-apinaca", "5fapinaca", "5fakb48" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Vapourized Threshold: 500ug Light: 500-1000ug Strong: 1000-2500ug.", "duration": "Vapourized: 30-60 minutes.", "onset": "Vapourized: 5-30 seconds.", "summary": "A synthetic cannabanoid that is a Indazole. Produces subjective effects somewhat similar to that of Cannabis, yet with a very short duration. Analogue of STS-135, in which the core indole structure is subbed with an indazole base." } }, "5f-pb-22": { "categories": [ "tentative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " Note: As with all research chemicals, start with a low dose, and work your way up.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "3-5mg", "Light": "1-3mg", "Strong": "5-8mg.", "Threshold": "1mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-90" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "5-10" }, "name": "5f-pb-22", "pretty_name": "5F-PB-22", "properties": { "after-effects": "30-60 minutes.", "categories": [ "tentative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Threshold: 1mg Light: 1-3mg Common: 3-5mg Strong: 5-8mg. | Note: As with all research chemicals, start with a low dose, and work your way up.", "duration": "60-90 minutes.", "onset": "5-10 seconds.", "summary": "Synthetic cannabinoid, agonist of the cannabinoid receptors which has a strong sedating aspect. The drug has a fast onset as common with synthetic cannabinoid." } }, "6-apb": { "aliases": [ "6apb" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: It is not recommended to consume more than 200mg in a night", "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75-125mg", "Heavy": "125mg+", "Light": "50-75mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-14" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Feelings of empathy", "euphoria", "general sense of well being", "Light to moderate visuals are reported with most users" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_6APB.shtml" }, "name": "6-apb", "pretty_name": "6-APB", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-apb is reported to have a 'hangover' similar to MDMA.", "aliases": [ "6apb" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 50-75mg Common: 75-125mg Heavy: 125mg+ | NOTE: It is not recommended to consume more than 200mg in a night", "duration": "8-14 hours", "effects": "Feelings of empathy, euphoria, and a general sense of well being. Light to moderate visuals are also reported with most users.", "onset": "45-90 minutes.", "summary": "A stimulant, empathogen and analog of MDA. Typically more visual than MDMA or MDA, as well as having a much longer onset and duration. Users often report a slightly more psychedelic headspace as well. Commonly sold as an alternative to MDMA and MDA." } }, "6-apdb": { "aliases": [ "4-desoxy-mda" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": "There are some users that report to be fatigued for the following days.", "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "40-75mg", "Heavy": "75-100+mg", "Light": "30-40mg", "Threshold": "25-30mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "7-9" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_6APDB.shtml" }, "name": "6-apdb", "pretty_name": "6-APDB", "properties": { "after-effects": "There are some users that report to be fatigued for the following days.", "aliases": [ "4-desoxy-mda" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 25-30mg Low: 30-40mg Medium: 40-75mg Heavy: 75-100+mg", "duration": "7-9 hours, up to 12 reported", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "60-90 minutes.", "summary": "A stimulant and entactogen related to MDMA and an analogue of MDA. Reported as having fairly psychedelic effects at higher dosages. It is a triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor. It is a potent full agonist of serotonin 2B receptors." } }, "6-eapb": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-10" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75-100mg", "Light": "50-75mg", "Strong": "100-150mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-7" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "name": "6-eapb", "pretty_name": "6-EAPB", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-10 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 50-75mg Common: 75-100mg Strong: 100-150mg+", "duration": "4-7~ hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "20-40 minutes.", "summary": "A rare entactogen benzofuran structurally related to MDMA and 6-APB. It is reported to be weaker in effects. Pharmacological knowledge on this drug is limited. The drug is suspected to be a monoamine releaser, monoamine reuptake inhibitor or both." } }, "6-mapb": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "20-40mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "40-100mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "40-80mg", "Light": "20-40mg", "Strong": "80-100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_6MAPB.shtml" }, "name": "6-mapb", "pretty_name": "6-MAPB", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-4 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 20-40mg Common: 40-80mg Strong: 80-100mg | Insufflated Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-40mg Strong: 40-100mg+", "duration": "5-10 hours. Dependant on dose.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "Orally: Within an hour. | Insufflated: Within 15 minutes.", "summary": "Empathogen drug that is structurally related to 6-APB and MDMA." } }, "6-mddm": { "aliases": [ "6-methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: These dosages are based off the potency of the drug and converted to what we have with morphine's dose. Further research is required for dosing.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-10" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "187-250ug", "Light": "125ug", "Strong": "375ug+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "1-15" }, "name": "6-mddm", "pretty_name": "6-MDDM", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-10 hours.", "aliases": [ "6-methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 125ug Common: 187-250ug Strong: 375ug+ | NOTE: These dosages are based off the potency and converted to what we have with Morphine's dose. Further research is required.", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "1-15 minutes.", "summary": "Semisynthetic opioid that is a derivative of Hydromorphone with little history of human use. Roughly around ~80x the potency of Morphine. Structurally related to Desomorphine." } }, "25b-nboh": { "aliases": [ "25bnboh", "nboh-2cb", "2cb-nboh", "2c-b-nboh" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: There is limited information on this drug. Caution is advised.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Sublingual": { "Common": "400-800ug", "Light": "200-400ug", "Strong": "800ug-1mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "name": "25b-nboh", "pretty_name": "25B-NBOH", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "25bnboh", "nboh-2cb", "2cb-nboh", "2c-b-nboh" ], "avoid": "Other psychedelics, stimulants, redosing", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Sublingually Light: 200-400ug Common: 400-800ug Strong: 800ug-1mg. | NOTE: There is limited information on this drug. Caution is advised.", "duration": "4-10 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-40 minutes.", "summary": "A phenethylamine psychedelic and stimulant derivative of 2C-B, this compound is related to and has similar effects to 25b-NBOMe. It is significantly more potent than 2C-B but less potent than 25B-NBOMe. Overdoses of NBOH compounds may cause dangerous vasoconstriction. The drug may induce uncomfortable body load." } }, "25b-nbome": { "aliases": [ "25b" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose_note": " Note: Do not exceed 1500ug.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "200-350ug", "Light": "50-200ug", "Strong": "350-500+", "Threshold": "50ug" }, "Sublingual": { "Common": "350-500ug", "Light": "100-300ug", "Strong": "500-700ug+", "Threshold": "100ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "2-5", "Sublingual": "20-40" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_25BNBOMe.shtml" }, "name": "25b-nbome", "pretty_name": "25B-NBOMe", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "25b" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Sublingual Threshold: 100ug Light: 100-300ug Common: 350-500ug Strong: 500-700ug+ | Insufflated Threshold: 50ug Light: 50-200ug Common: 200-350ug Strong: 350-500+ | Note: Do not exceed 1500ug.", "duration": "8-12 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "marquis": "Dark Green.", "onset": "Sublingual: 20-40 minutes. | Insufflated 2-5 minutes.", "summary": "Psychedelic Phenethylamine, active in the lower microgram range, that is not active orally.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Dark Green. | Mecke: Dark Green. | Mandelin: Red and Green. | Froehde: Yellow | Liebermann: Yellow > Black. | Ehrlich's Reagent: No colour change." }, "pweffects": { "8A Geometry - Exposure to semantic concept network": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8A_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_semantic_concept_network", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Perception of decreased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_decreased_weight", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Sublingual numbing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sublingual_numbing", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "25c-nboh": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-10" }, "formatted_dose": { "Sublingual": { "Common": "600-1400ug", "Heavy": "1400-2000ug+", "Light": "300-600ug", "Threshold": "100-200ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "name": "25c-nboh", "pretty_name": "25C-NBOH", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-10 hours.", "avoid": "Other psychedelics, stimulants, and compulsive redosing", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Sublingual Threshold: 100-200ug Light: 300-600ug Common: 600-1400ug Heavy: 1400-2000ug+", "duration": "4-6 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-40 minutes", "summary": "A phenethylamine psychedelic and stimulant derivative of 2C-C, this compound is related and has similar effects to 25c-NBOMe. It is significantly more potent than 2C-C but less potent than 25c-NBOMe. Overdoses of NBOH compounds may cause dangerous vasoconstriction. The drug may induce uncomfortable body load." } }, "25c-nbome": { "aliases": [ "25c", "2c-nbome" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "common" ], "dose_note": " Note: Do not exceed 1500ug.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Sublingual": { "Common": "500-750ug", "Light": "250-500ug", "Strong": "750-1250ug+", "Threshold": "50-250ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Mild OEV's", "strong CEV's", "A sense of well being and contentedness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_25CNBOMe.shtml" }, "name": "25c-nbome", "pretty_name": "25C-NBOMe", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "25c", "2c-nbome" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "common" ], "dose": "Sublingual Threshold: 50-250ug Light: 250-500ug Common: 500-750ug Strong: 750-1250ug+ | Note: Do not exceed 1500ug.", "duration": "4-10 hours.", "effects": "Mild OEV's, strong CEV's, A sense of well being and contentedness.", "onset": "45-90 minutes.", "summary": "A relatively new and popular research chemical. A short-acting psychedelic related to 2C-C with similar effects to LSD, though more visual with less of a 'head-trip.' Frequently missold as LSD. Causes an uncomfortable body load and has caused several deaths even within regular dose ranges.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Slow Purple. | Mecke: Brown. | Mandelin: No colour change. | Froehde: Yellow. | Liebermann: Yellow > Black. | Ehrlich's Reagent: No colour change.", "tolerance": "25c has an extremely prevalent tolerence, with users reporting a strong cross tolerence with LSD, mushrooms, 2c-X, 25x, and DOx chemicals. Tolerence lasts roughly 2 weeks, depending on the user." }, "pweffects": { "8A Geometry - Exposure to semantic concept network": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8A_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_semantic_concept_network", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Changes in gravity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Changes_in_gravity", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Diffraction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Diffraction", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "Environmental cubism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_cubism", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Perception of decreased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_decreased_weight", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Recursion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Recursion", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Sublingual numbing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sublingual_numbing", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Tactile hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_hallucinations", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Two cases of severe intoxication associated with analytically confirmed use of the novel psychoactive substances 25B-NBOMe and 25C-NBOMe - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24779864" ] } }, "25d-nbome": { "aliases": [ "2c-d-nbome", "25d" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose_note": " Note: Do not exceed 1500ug.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Sublingual": { "Common": "500-1000ug", "Light": "300-500ug.", "Strong": "1000-1250ug+", "Threshold": "100-300ug." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_25DNBOMe.shtml" }, "name": "25d-nbome", "pretty_name": "25D-NBOMe", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "2c-d-nbome", "25d" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Sublingual Threshold: 100-300ug. Light: 300-500ug. Common: 500-1000ug Strong: 1000-1250ug+ | Note: Do not exceed 1500ug.", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-40 minutes.", "summary": "Uncommon analogue of 2C-D. Extremely potent psychedelic with stimulating qualities. The drug can cause dangerous vasoconstriction at high doses. May induce uncomfortable body load.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Orange > Red. | Mecke: Brown > Green. | Mandelin: Red and Green. | Liebermann: Yellow > Black. | Simon's: Red > Brown. | Ehrlich: No colour change." } }, "25e-nbome": { "aliases": [ "25e" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-10" }, "formatted_dose": { "Sublingual": { "Common": "200-400ug", "Light": "50-200ug", "Strong": "400-800ug.", "Threshold": "50-100ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-60" }, "name": "25e-nbome", "pretty_name": "25E-NBOMe", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-10 hours.", "aliases": [ "25e" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Sublingual Threshold: 50-100ug Light: 150-300ug Common: 300-600ug Strong: 600-1000ug. Insufflated Light: 50-200ug Common: 200-400ug Strong: 400-800ug.", "duration": "5-10 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "15-60 minutes.", "summary": "A potent psychedelic phenethylamine and derivative of 2C-E, usually sold on blotters. May be missold as LSD. Effects include vivid hallucinations, stimulation, heavy body load and vasoconstriction. At high doses vasoconstriction can endanger life, exercise caution.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Red > Yellow. | Mecke: Green. | Mandelin: Red. | Ehrlich: No colour change.", "warning": "Do not exceed 2mg+ of this compound." } }, "25g-nbome": { "aliases": [ "25g", "25gnbome" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: There are reports that note inconsistency in subjective effects when taking the drug multiple times at the same dosages. Start low and work your way up.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Buccal": { "Common": "1500-2000ug", "Light": "1000-1500ug", "Strong": "2000ug+", "Threshold": "500ug" }, "Sublingual": { "Common": "1500-2000ug", "Light": "1000-1500ug", "Strong": "2000ug+", "Threshold": "500ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-7" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-50" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_25GNBOMe.shtml" }, "name": "25g-nbome", "pretty_name": "25G-NBOMe", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-2 hours", "aliases": [ "25g", "25gnbome" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Buccal/Sublingual Threshold: 500ug Light: 1000-1500ug Common: 1500-2000ug Strong: 2000ug+ | NOTE: There are reports that note inconsistency in subjective effects when taking the drug multiple times at the same dosages. Start low and work your way up.", "duration": "5-7 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-50 minutes", "summary": "A rare psychedelic stimulant and bonamine. A derivative of 2C-G, but far more potent. The drug is suspected to have hallucinogenic, stimulant, and vasoconstrictive properties which may be dangerous at high doses. It is suspected to have a heavy body load." } }, "25h-nbome": { "aliases": [ "25h", "25-h-nbome" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-3" }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "25h-nbome", "pretty_name": "25H-NBOMe", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-3 hours.", "aliases": [ "25h", "25-h-nbome" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "NOTE: The drug has a reportedly atypical response curve. There are some reports that find psychoactive effects at 2mg, and some other reports that note they only find effects at the 7mg range. It is recommended to start with a low dose and work your way up slowly.", "duration": "3-5 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-90 minutes.", "summary": "A rare psychedelic stimulant. A derivative of 2C-H, but many times more potent. The drug is suspected to have hallucinogenic, stimulant and vasoconstrictive properties which may be dangerous at high doses. A heavy body load is to be expected.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Light Brown > Brown. | Mecke: Yellow > Green/Brown. | Mandelin: Green/Brown > Orange. | Simon's: Orange > Black." } }, "25i-nbf": { "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "name": "25i-nbf", "pretty_name": "25I-NBF", "properties": { "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "summary": "Is a derivate of the psychedelic 2C-I. Was sold breifly in a few countries before being banned. Based purely on the pharmacological evidence it'll be between 6-8x less potent than it's parent compound 25I-NBOMe.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Dark Green. | Mecke: Orange > Black. | Mandelin: Orange > Black. | Froehde: Orange > Black. | Liebermann: Orange > Black. | Ehrlich: No colour change. | Gallic Acid: Orange > Black." } }, "25i-nbmd": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Sublingual": { "Common": "1500-2000ug", "Light": "800-1500ug", "Strong": "2000-3000ug+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "name": "25i-nbmd", "pretty_name": "25I-NBMD", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "avoid": "Other psychedelics, stimulants, and redosing", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Sublingual Light: 800-1500ug Common: 1500-2000ug Strong: 2000-3000ug+", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "onset": "20-40 minutes.", "summary": "A psychedelic phenethylamine that is related to the 25X-NBOMe series. The drug is highly potent." } }, "25i-nboh": { "aliases": [ "nboh-2ci", "cimbi-27" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "800ug-1400ug", "Light": "400ug-800ug", "Strong": "1400ug-2000ug+", "Threshold": "100ug-400ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_25INBOH.shtml" }, "name": "25i-nboh", "pretty_name": "25I-NBOH", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "nboh-2ci", "cimbi-27" ], "avoid": "Other psychedelics, stimulants, and redosing.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Threshold: 100ug-400ug Light: 400ug-800ug Common: 800-1400ug Strong: 1400ug-2000ug+", "duration": "5-10 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-40 minutes", "summary": "A phenethylamine psychedelic and stimulant derivative of 2C-I, this compound is related and has similar effects to 25i-NBOMe. It is significantly more potent than 2C-I but less potent than 25i-NBOMe. Overdoses of NBOH compounds may cause dangerous vasoconstriction. The drug may induce uncomfortable body load." } }, "25i-nbome": { "aliases": [ "25i", "2-c-i-nbome", "25-i" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "common" ], "dose_note": " Note: Do not exceed 1500ug.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Sublingual": { "Common": "500-750ug", "Light": "200-500ug", "Strong": "700-1000ug+", "Threshold": "50-250ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_25INBOMe.shtml" }, "name": "25i-nbome", "pretty_name": "25I-NBOMe", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-24 hours", "aliases": [ "25i", "2-c-i-nbome", "25-i" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "common" ], "dose": "Sublingual Threshold: 50-250ug Light: 200-500ug Common: 500-750ug Strong: 700-1000ug+ | Note: Do not exceed 1500ug.", "duration": "5-10 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "marquis": "Orange", "onset": "45-90 minutes.", "summary": "A relatively new and popular research chemical with psychedelic properties. Users report an uncomfortable body load with very strong visuals, though with less of a mental aspect than most psychedelics. Commonly missold as LSD, since it is much cheaper to produce. The drug is reported to be unsafe by many, and has caused several deaths at 'regular' doses.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Orange > Black. | Mecke: Brown > Black. | Mandelin: Brown > Black. | Froehde: Yellow | Ehrlich: No colour change.", "tolerance": "25i-nbome has an extremely prevalent tolerance, with users reporting a strong cross tolerance with LSD, psilocybin 2C-*, DO* and other 25* chemicals. Tolerance lasts roughly 2 weeks depending on the user.", "wiki": "http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/NBOMes" }, "pweffects": { "8A Geometry - Exposure to semantic concept network": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8A_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_semantic_concept_network", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "Feelings of impending doom": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_impending_doom", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Language suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Language_suppression", "Laughter": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Laughter", "Magnification": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Magnification", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Perception of decreased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_decreased_weight", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Sublingual numbing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sublingual_numbing", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Severe clinical toxicity associated with analytically confirmed recreational use of 25I-NBOMe: case series - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23731373" ] } }, "25ip-nbome": { "aliases": [ "25ip" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Sublingual": { "Common": "750-1000ug", "Light": "300-750ug", "Strong": "1000-1500ug", "Threshold": "250ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-7" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "name": "25ip-nbome", "pretty_name": "25iP-NBOMe", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "25ip" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Sublingual Threshold: 250ug Light: 300-750ug Common: 750-1000ug Strong: 1000-1500ug", "duration": "5-7 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-60 minutes.", "summary": "Almost unheard-of analogue of 2C-iP. Extremely potent psychedelic with stimulating qualities. May cause potentially dangerous vasoconstriction at high doses. May induce uncomfortable body load.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Red. | Mecke: Green. | Mandelin: Red and Green. | Froehde: Green. | Liebermann: Yellow > Brown. | Ehrlich: No colour change." } }, "25n-nbome": { "aliases": [ "2-c-n-nbome", "25n" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Buccal": { "Common": "300-800ug", "Light": "100-300ug", "Strong": "800-1300ug+" }, "Sublingual": { "Common": "300-800ug", "Light": "100-300ug", "Strong": "800-1300ug+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-75" }, "name": "25n-nbome", "pretty_name": "25N-NBOMe", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "2-c-n-nbome", "25n" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Sublingual/Buccal Light: 100-300ug Common: 300-800ug Strong: 800-1300ug+", "duration": "5-10 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "45-75 minutes.", "summary": "A rare, highly potent and yellow psychedelic phenethylamine and derivative of 2C-N. Effects are similar to other NBOMe compounds, with hallucinations, intense body load, stimulation, and vasoconstriction. At high doses vasoconstriction can be dangerous, exercise caution.", "test-kits": "Marquis: Red > Brown. | Mecke: Blue > Black. | Mandelin: Blue > Black. | Froehde: Brown. | Liebermann: Brown. | Simon's: Red > Brown. | Ehrlich: No colour change." } }, "25p-nbome": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-16" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "450-700ug", "Light": "250-450ug", "Strong": "700-1500ug", "Threshold": "100-250ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "7-14" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "25-40" }, "name": "25p-nbome", "pretty_name": "25P-NBOMe", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-16 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Threshold: 100-250ug Light: 250-450ug Common: 450-700ug Strong: 700-1500ug", "duration": "7-14 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "25-40 minutes.", "summary": "A rare potent psychedelic drug with similar effects and risks to others in the NBOMe class. The substance was first sold in mid-late 2012, and resurfaced in early 2015." } }, "25t-2-nbome": { "aliases": [ "25t2-nbome" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-10" }, "formatted_dose": { "Sublingual": { "Common": "300-600ug", "Light": "100-300ug", "Strong": "600-1000ug." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-45" }, "name": "25t-2-nbome", "pretty_name": "25T-2-NBOMe", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-10 hours.", "aliases": [ "25t2-nbome" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Sublingual Light: 100-300ug Common: 300-600ug Strong: 600-1000ug.", "duration": "6-10 hours.", "onset": "30-45 minutes.", "summary": "A potent serotonin receptor agonist at the 5-HT2a receptor that is of the NBOMe drug class. It is a hallucinogenic and psychedelic with limited recorded human use." } }, "25t-4-nbome": { "aliases": [ "25t4-nbome" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Sublingual": { "Common": "300-750ug", "Light": "150-300ug", "Strong": "750-1200ug." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-9" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-45" }, "name": "25t-4-nbome", "pretty_name": "25T-4-NBOMe", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "25t4-nbome" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Sublingual Light: 150-300ug Common: 300-750ug Strong: 750-1200ug.", "duration": "5-9 hours.", "onset": "20-45 minutes.", "summary": "A psychedelic RC of the NBOMe class of drugs that is expected to cause hallucinations. Limited human use has been recorded on this drug and caution should be used with dosing." } }, "a-pihp": { "aliases": [ "pihp" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "empathogen", "habit-forming", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "10-25mg", "Light": "3-10mg", "Strong": "25-40mg", "Threshold": "1-3mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "30-50mg", "Threshold": "3-5mg" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "2-10mg", "Strong": "20-30mg.", "Threshold": "1-2mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4", "Oral": "2-5", "Vapourized": "1-3" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "1-2", "Oral": "30-60", "Vapourized": "1" }, "name": "a-pihp", "pretty_name": "A-PIHP", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "pihp" ], "avoid": "Other stimulants and drugs that raise blood pressure.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "empathogen", "habit-forming", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 3-5mg Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-50mg | Insufflated Threshold: 1-3mg Light: 3-10mg Common: 10-25mg Strong: 25-40mg | Vapourized Threshold: 1-2mg Light: 2-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-30mg.", "duration": "Oral: 2-5 hours | Insufflated: 2-4 hours. | Vapourized: 1-3 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 30-60 minutes. | Insufflated: 1-2 minutes. | Vapourized: 1 minute.", "summary": "Quite new Pyrrolidine based stimulant of the cathinone class. There is limited information on this drug. The drug is suspected to increase tolerance rapidly. The drug is also reported to lack effects over time as that tolerance builds." } }, "a-pvp": { "aliases": [ "alpha-pvp", "apvp", "alpha-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone", "flocka", "flakka", "α-pvp", "αpvp" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-48" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-25mg", "Heavy": "25-50mg+", "Light": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "5-15" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_aPVP.shtml" }, "name": "a-pvp", "pretty_name": "α-PVP", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-48 hours.", "aliases": [ "alpha-pvp", "apvp", "alpha-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone", "flocka", "flakka", "α-pvp", "αpvp" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-25mg Heavy: 25-50mg+", "duration": "2-5 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "5-15 minutes.", "summary": "A potent, short-lasting pyrovalerone-type stimulant which became popular despite reports saying it is minimally euphoric, perhaps due to its propensity to cause compulsive redosing. Effects are likely to be similar to MDPV." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Ego inflation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Ego_inflation", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Increased perspiration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_perspiration", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Vibrating vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vibrating_vision", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "a-pvt": { "aliases": [ "apvt" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4", "Oral": "2-4", "Vapourized": "1-2" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "1-10", "Oral": "10-30", "Vapourized": "1-2" }, "name": "a-pvt", "pretty_name": "α-PVT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "apvt" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "duration": "Oral 2-4 hours. | Insufflated 2-4 hours. | Vapourized 1-2 hours.", "onset": "Oral 10-30 minutes. | Insufflated 1-10 minutes. | Vapourized 1-2 minutes.", "summary": "A rare stimulant drug related to a-PVP. The drug is very uncommon. The drug is suspected to be less potent than a-PVP, however little data exists on this compound and its effects on humans. Consume with caution." } }, "ab-chminaca": { "categories": [ "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "5-12", "Vapourized": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-250ug", "Heavy": "400ug+", "Light": "50-100ug", "Strong": "250-400ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "5-12", "Vapourized": "1-2" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "20-80", "Vapourized": "1-5" }, "name": "ab-chminaca", "pretty_name": "AB-CHMINACA", "properties": { "after-effects": "Vapourized: 2-4 hours. | Oral: 5-12 hours.", "categories": [ "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 50-100µg Common: 100-250µg Strong: 250-400µg Heavy: 400µg+", "duration": "Vapourized: 1-2 hours | Oral: 5-12 hours", "onset": "Vapourized: 1-5 minutes | Oral: 20-80 minutes", "summary": "A synthetic cannabinoid related to AB-FUBINACA. There have been reports of death in overdose, similar to AB-FUBINACA and it has a low threshold dose. Exercise caution." } }, "ab-fubinaca": { "aliases": [ "ab-fub" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "2-10", "Vapourized": "1-2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "0.5-1.5mg", "Heavy": "3mg+", "Light": "0.25-0.5mg", "Strong": "1.5-3mg" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "0.5-1.5mg", "Heavy": "3mg+", "Light": "0.25-0.5mg", "Strong": "1.5-3mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "5-15", "Vapourized": "1-2" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoric", "stimulating high", "increases creativity and appetite", "short-term memory deficits", "similar to cannabis" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "30-240", "Vapourized": "1-5" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_ABFUBINACA.shtml" }, "name": "ab-fubinaca", "pretty_name": "AB-FUBINACA", "properties": { "after-effects": "Vapourized: 1-2 hours | Oral: 2-10 hours", "aliases": [ "ab-fub" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "common" ], "dose": "Vapourized Light: 0.25-0.5mg Common: 0.5-1.5mg Strong: 1.5-3mg Heavy: 3+mg | Oral Light: 0.25-0.5mg Common: 0.5-1.5mg Strong: 1.5-3mg Heavy: 3+mg", "duration": "Vapourized: 1-2 hours | Oral: 5-15 hours", "effects": "Euphoric, stimulating high, increases creativity and appetite, short-term memory deficits, similar to cannabis", "onset": "Vapourized: 1-5 minutes | Oral: 30-240 minutes", "summary": "Arguably the most common synthetic cannabinoid, AB-FUBINACA was originally developed by Pfizer as an analgesic, but has since abandoned for medical use. It has since found a following in the RC community, however it's extremely high potency and inclusion in synthetic blends makes it dangerous, and it has killed in overdose. Exercise caution." } }, "acetildenafil": { "categories": [ "research-chemical" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "30-40mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-7" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-45" }, "name": "acetildenafil", "pretty_name": "Acetildenafil", "properties": { "categories": [ "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-15mg's Common: 15-30mg's Strong: 30-40mg's.", "duration": "3-7 hours.", "onset": "10-45 minutes.", "summary": "An RC analogue of sildenafil (viagra) often missold as a hidden ingredient in many 'natural' sexual potency blends and supplements." } }, "acetylfentanyl": { "aliases": [ "acetyl-fentanyl", "a-f" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: ~3.75mg Freebase = ~125ug Fentanyl IV = ~10mg Morphine IV'd.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "3-5mg", "Light": "1-3mg", "Strong": "5-7mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "5-20" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Acetylfentanyl.shtml" }, "name": "acetylfentanyl", "pretty_name": "Acetylfentanyl", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "acetyl-fentanyl", "a-f" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2-4mg Common: 4-6mg Strong: 6-10mg+ Insufflated Light: 1-3mg Common: 3-5mg Strong: 5-7mg+ NOTE: ~3.75mg Freebase = ~125ug Fentanyl IV = ~10mg Morphine IV'd.", "duration": "1-4 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "5-20 minutes.", "summary": "Acetyl-Fentanyl is an opioid analgesic substance that is an analogue of Fentanyl. It's potency is roughly ~6.67 times that of Morphine. Making it ~15 times less potent than its parent compound Fentanyl." }, "pweffects": { "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Constipation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Constipation", "Cough suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cough_suppression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Itchiness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Itchiness", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil constriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_constriction", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Acetylfentanyl in extreme toxicity has caused Cerebral hemorrhage - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/15563650.2016.1139715" ] } }, "acryl-fentanyl": { "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " Note: Please exercise extreme caution with this substance.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-16" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "12.5-25ug", "Light": "5-12.5ug", "Strong": "25-47.5ug+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-45" }, "name": "acryl-fentanyl", "pretty_name": "Acrylfentanyl", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-16 hours.", "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 5-12.5ug Common: 12.5-25ug Strong: 25.47.5ug+ | Note: Please exercise extreme caution with this substance.", "duration": "3-5 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "10-45 minutes.", "summary": "A rare opioid and fentanyl analogue (not to be confused with acetyl-fentanyl), this drug is a powerful and potent analgesic. Little reliable information exists, even for basic usage such as dosage. Exercise extreme caution. Overdose may result in respiratory depression. Do not mix with depressants or stimulants. Potentially neurotoxic and carcinogenic." } }, "adderall": { "aliases": [ "aderal", "aderall", "adderal", "d-amphetamine", "d-amph" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Adderall XR is extended release. Effects take a while to begin, and last much longer", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "10-30mg", "Heavy": "50-80mg+", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "30-50mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "15-40mg", "Heavy": "75-125mg+", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "40-75mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-5", "Oral_ER": "6-12", "Oral_IR": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Increased alertness", "Euphoria", "Increased motivation", "Reduced appetite", "Flushing of the face", "Increased body temperature", "Tachycardia (increased heart rate)", "Paranoia", "Insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated_IR": "0-10", "Insufflated_XR": "10-45", "Oral_ER": "20-60", "Oral_IR": "10-30" }, "name": "adderall", "pretty_name": "Adderall", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "aderal", "aderall", "adderal", "d-amphetamine", "d-amph" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-40mg Strong: 40-75mg Heavy: 75-125mg+ | Insufflated Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-30mg Strong: 30-50mg Heavy: 50-80mg+ | NOTE: Adderall XR is extended release. Effects take a while to begin, and last much longer", "duration": "Oral-IR: 4-6 hours. | Oral-XR: 6-12 hours. | Insufflated: 2-5 hours. | Note: Highly dependant on dose.", "effects": "Increased alertness, Euphoria, Increased motivation, Reduced appetite, Flushing of the face, Increased body temperature, Tachycardia (Incrased heart rate) Paranoia, Insomnia.", "onset": "Oral-IR: 10-30 minutes | Oral-XR: 20-60 minutes | Insufflated-XR: 10-45 minutes | Insufflated-IR: 0-10 minutes", "summary": "A mixture of 75% dextroamphetamine and 25% levoamphetamine. Commonly used to treat obesity, narcolepsy, and ADHD. It is also used widely either as a recreational stimulant or study-aid, particularly in the USA where it is frequently prescribed." }, "pweffects": { "Abnormal heartbeat": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Abnormal_heartbeat", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Bronchodilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bronchodilation", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Frequent urination": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frequent_urination", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Increased perspiration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_perspiration", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Memory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_enhancement", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Temporary erectile dysfunction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temporary_erectile_dysfunction", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Thought organization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_organization", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Use of naltrexone has been found to successfully aid in recovery from amphetamine addiction - http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08020304" ] } }, "adinazolam": { "aliases": [ "deracyn" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-16" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "30-50mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-25" }, "name": "adinazolam", "pretty_name": "Adinazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-16 hours.", "aliases": [ "deracyn" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-50mg+", "duration": "2-5 hours.", "onset": "10-25 minutes.", "summary": "Benzodiazepine derivative that has some antidepressant properties. has been sold as a research chemical." } }, "adrafinil": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "nootropic" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "250-400mg", "Heavy": "600mg+", "Light": "150-250mg", "Threshold": "100-150mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Stimulation", "Dehydration", "Headaches", "Photophobia", "Appetite suppression", "Increased heart rate", "Dizziness", "Nausea", "Body odor alteration", "Wakefulness", "Irritability", "Focus enhancement", "Thought acceleration", "Memory enhancement", "Motivation enhancement", "Emotion enhancement", "Anxiety", "Time distortion", "Increased music appreciation" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Adrafinil.shtml" }, "name": "adrafinil", "pretty_name": "Adrafinil", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "bioavailability": "Oral: 75-80%.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "nootropic" ], "dose": "Threshold: 100-150mg Light: 150-250mg Common: 250-400mg Strong:400-600mg Heavy: 600mg+", "duration": "8-12 hours.", "effects": "Stimulation, Dehydration, Headaches, Photophobia, Appetite suppression, Increased heart rate, Dizziness, Nausea, Body odor alteration, Wakefulness, Irritability, Focus enhancement, Thought acceleration, Memory enhancement, Motivation enhancement, Emotion enhancement, Anxiety, Time distortion, Increased music appreciation", "onset": "45-120 minutes depending on stomach contents/etc.", "summary": "A prodrug to modafinil, this compound is often used to increase wakefulness and alertness. Due to hepatic metabolism it has a slower onset than modafinil and may cause liver damage in excess. Some users have reported acne as an adverse effect. Unregulated in the US." } }, "aet": { "aliases": [ "alpha-ethyl-tryptamine", "a-et", "a-ethyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "empathogen" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-125mg", "Light": "80-100mg", "Strong": "125-150mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_AET.shtml" }, "name": "aet", "pretty_name": "αET", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "alpha-ethyl-tryptamine", "a-et", "a-ethyltryptamine" ], "avoid": "It can induce serotonergic neurotoxicity similar to the likes of MDMA. Do not combine this drug if you take an MAOi.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "empathogen" ], "dose": "Light: 80-100mg Common: 100-125mg Strong: 125-150mg+", "duration": "5-10 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "60-120 minutes.", "summary": "A quite rare substance of the tryptamine class, was first made by Upjohn as an antidepressant. Please use extreme caution with this drug." } }, "afloqualone": { "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-3" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75-100mg", "Light": "50-75mg", "Strong": "100-200mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60" }, "name": "afloqualone", "pretty_name": "Afloqualone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-3 hours.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Low: 50-75mg Common: 75-100mg Strong: 100-200mg+", "duration": "3-5 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "<60 minutes.", "summary": "A rare analogue of methaqualone, a sedative, intoxicating drug. Similar effects to benzodiazepines, barbiturates and alcohol. Never widely used due to photosensitivity and skin irritation issues, though it has seem some popularity in Japan." } }, "ah-7921": { "aliases": [ "ah7921" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-25mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "25mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "6-8", "Vapourized": "3-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "15-45", "Vapourized": "2-10" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_AH7921.shtml" }, "name": "ah-7921", "pretty_name": "AH-7921", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "ah7921" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-40mg Strong: 40mg+ Vapourized Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-25mg Strong: 25mg+", "duration": "Oral: 6-8 hours | Vapourized 3-4 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "Oral: 15-45 minutes. | Vapourized: 2-10 minutes.", "summary": "Opioid analgesic that is selective for the μ-opioid receptor. It has around 80% the potency of Morphine when taken orally." } }, "al-lad": { "aliases": [ "allad" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75-175ug", "Heavy": "250ug+", "Light": "40-75ug", "Strong": "175-250ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Similar in effect to LSD", "open and closed eye visuals are common", "Auditory hallucinations are reported as common", "A sense of connectedness with people and the environment around you", "A strong sense of well-being" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_ALLAD.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal01.shtml" }, "name": "al-lad", "pretty_name": "AL-LAD", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "allad" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Light: 40-75ug Common: 75-175ug Strong: 175-250ug Heavy: 250ug+", "duration": "4-6 hours", "effects": "Similar in effect to LSD, open and closed eye visuals are common. Auditory hallucinations are reported as common. A sense of connectedness with people and the environment around you. A strong sense of well-being.", "onset": "45-120 minutes.", "summary": "AL-LAD is a hallucinogenic drug, lysergamide and an analogue of LSD. It is reported as having some subtle experiential differences to LSD (such as increased visuals), and also appears to be slightly shorter lasting. AL-LAD doses are similar to those of LSD, depending on purity. Its availability on the Internet since 2013 has led to strong popularity among the drug community." }, "pweffects": { "8A Geometry - Exposure to semantic concept network": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8A_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_semantic_concept_network", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Depth perception distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depth_perception_distortions", "Diffraction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Diffraction", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Feelings of interdependent opposites": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_interdependent_opposites", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Multiple thought streams": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Multiple_thought_streams", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought loops": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_loops", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "alcohol": { "aliases": [ "etoh", "beer", "ethanol", "booze", "hooch" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "note": "Both these classes of compound can interact unpredictably. Caution should be exercised.", "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "2c-x": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "Drinking on stimulants is risky because the sedative effects of the alcohol are reduced, and these are what the body uses to gauge drunkenness. This typically leads to excessive drinking with greatly reduced inhibitions, high risk of liver damage and increased dehydration. They will also allow you to drink past a point where you might normally pass out, increasing the risk. If you do decide to do this then you should set a limit of how much you will drink each hour and stick to it, bearing in mind that you will feel the alcohol and the stimulant less. Extended release formulations may severely impede sleep, further worsening the hangover.", "status": "Caution" }, "amt": { "note": "aMT has a broad mechanism of action in the brain and so does alcohol so the combination can be unpredictable", "status": "Caution" }, "benzodiazepines": { "note": "Ethanol ingestion may potentiate the CNS effects of many benzodiazepines. The two substances potentiate each other strongly and unpredictably, very rapidly leading to unconsciousness. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. Blacking out and memory loss is almost certain.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "caffeine": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "cannabis": { "note": "In excess, this combination can cause nausea.", "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "cocaine": { "note": "Cocaine can decrease some of the intoxicating effects of alcohol, causing some people to drink more than they otherwise would, which leads to greater behavioral and physical health risks. There is also some debate about cocaethylene, a metabolite produced when combining alcohol and cocaine, with some researchers positing that it is more cardiotoxic than cocaine on its own. Use moderation when combining these substances.", "sources": [ { "author": "McCance-Katz, E. F., Kosten, T. R., & Jatlow, P. ", "title": "Concurrent use of cocaine and alcohol is more potent and potentially more toxic than use of either alone—A multiple-dose study.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(97)00426-5" }, { "author": "Pergolizzi, J., Breve, F., Magnusson, P., LeQuang, J. A. K., & Varrassi, G.", "title": "Cocaethylene: When cocaine and alcohol are taken together. (2022)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.22498" }, { "author": "Shastry, S., Manoochehri, O., Richardson, L. D., & Manini, A. F. ", "title": "Cocaethylene cardiotoxicity in emergency department patients with acute drug overdose.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.14584" }, { "author": "Wiener, S. E., Sutijono, D., Moon, C. H., Subramanian, R. A., Calaycay, J., Rushbrook, J. I., & Zehtabchi, S.", "title": "Patients with detectable cocaethylene are more likely to require intensive care unit admission after trauma. ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2009.06.014" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "dextromethorphan": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. Place the affected individual in the recovery position to prevent vomit aspiration from excess. Additionally, CNS depression can lead to difficulty breathing. Avoid on anything higher than 1st plateau.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "diphenhydramine": { "note": "The two substances potentiate each other strongly and unpredictably, and may rapidly lead to unconsciousness. They both increase each other's side effects such as ataxia, sedation, and CNS depression. Blackouts and memory loss are significantly increased. If the user falls unconscious while under the influence there is a severe risk of vomit aspiration if they are not placed in the recovery position. Alcohol may also increase the deliriant effects of diphenhydramine. It should also be noted if the individual consuming alcohol typically has a flushing response to alcohol, diphenhydramine may reduce the reaction and mask some of the effects of the alcohol.", "sources": [ { "author": "ScienceDirect", "title": "Diphenhydramine - an overview (2024)", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/diphenhydramine" }, { "author": "ScienceDirect", "title": "Ethanol - an overview (2024)", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/ethanol" }, { "author": "Miller, N. S., Goodwin, D. W., Jones, F. C., Gabrielli, W. F., Pardo, M. P., Anand, M. M., & Hall, T. B.", "title": "Antihistamine blockade of alcohol-induced flushing in orientals. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 49(1), 16-20 (1988)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.1988.49.16" }, { "author": "Sicari, V., & Zabbo, C. P.", "title": "Diphenhydramine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing (2024)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/" }, { "author": "Weathermon, R., & Crabb, D. W.", "title": "Alcohol and Medication Interactions. Alcohol Research & Health, 23(1), 40-54 (1999)", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6761694/" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "dmt": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "dox": { "note": "Drinking on stimulants is risky because the sedative effects of the alcohol are reduced, and these are what the body uses to gauge drunkenness. This typically leads to excessive drinking with greatly reduced inhibitions, high risk of liver damage and increased dehydration. They will also allow you to drink past a point where you might normally pass out, increasing the risk.", "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "ghb/gbl": { "note": "Even in very low doses this combination rapidly leads to memory loss, severe ataxia and unconsciousness. There is a high risk of vomit aspiration while unconscious.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "ketamine": { "note": "Both substances cause ataxia and bring a very high risk of vomiting and unconsciousness. If the user falls unconscious while under the influence there is a severe risk of vomit aspiration if they are not placed in the recovery position.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "lsd": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "maois": { "note": "Tyramine found in many alcoholic beverages can have dangerous reactions with MAOIs, causing an increase in blood pressure.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "mdma": { "note": "The combination of MDMA and alcohol may increase strain on the cardiovascular system and lead to increased alcohol consumption. MDMA may also impair one's ability to recognize their level of drunkenness, leading to increased alcohol consumption and poor decision-making. Alcohol may also increase the risk of dehydration and hyperthermia (increased body temperature) when combined with MDMA.", "sources": [ { "author": "Hamida, S. B., Plute, E., Cosquer, B., Kelche, C., Jones, B. C., & Cassel, J.-C. ", "title": "Interactions between ethanol and cocaine, amphetamine, or MDMA in the rat: thermoregulatory and locomotor effects. (2008)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-007-1007-5" }, { "author": "Ramaekers, J. G., & Kuypers, K. P. C.", "title": "Acute Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on Behavioral Measures of Impulsivity: Alone and in Combination with Alcohol. (2006)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1300894" }, { "author": "Hernández-López, C., Farré, M., Roset, P. N., Menoyo, E., Pizarro, N., Ortuño, J., Torrens, M., Camı́, J., & Torre, R. de la.", "title": "3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy) and Alcohol Interactions in Humans: Psychomotor Performance, Subjective Effects, and Pharmacokinetics. (2002)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.300.1.236" }, { "author": "van Amsterdam, J., Brunt, T. M., Pierce, M., & van den Brink, W.", "title": "Hard Boiled: Alcohol Use as a Risk Factor for MDMA-Induced Hyperthermia: a Systematic Review. (2021)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-021-00416-z" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "mescaline": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "mushrooms": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "mxe": { "note": "There is a high risk of memory loss, vomiting and severe ataxia from this combination.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "nbomes": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "nitrous": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. Memory blackouts are likely.", "status": "Caution" }, "opioids": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. Place the affected individual in the recovery position to prevent vomit aspiration from excess. Memory blackouts are likely", "status": "Dangerous" }, "pcp": { "note": "Details of this combination are not well understood but PCP generally interacts in an unpredictable manner.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "ssris": { "note": "Alcohol may potentiate some of the pharmacologic effects of CNS-active agents. Use in combination may result in additive central nervous system depression and/or impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills.", "status": "Caution" }, "tramadol": { "note": "Heavy CNS depressants, risk of seizures. Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. Place the affected individual in the recovery position to prevent vomit aspiration from excess. Memory blackouts are likely.", "status": "Dangerous" } }, "dose_note": " NOTE: Alcohol consumption should be spread out over a few hours and ideally separated by water breaks. Check the label on alcohol for unit content", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-48" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "2-4units", "Heavy": "5-6units", "Light": "1-2units" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1.5-3" }, "formatted_effects": [ "relaxation", "mood lift", "happiness", "sociability", "lowered inhibitions", "analgesia", "slurred speech", "flushed skin", "drowsiness", "tolerance", "euphoria", "amnesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Alcohol.shtml" }, "name": "alcohol", "pretty_name": "Alcohol", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-48 hours", "aliases": [ "etoh", "beer", "ethanol", "booze", "hooch" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "detection": "12 hrs blood, 6-12 hrs saliva, 6-24 hrs urine", "dose": "Oral Light: 1-2units Common: 2-4units Heavy: 5-6units | NOTE: Alcohol consumption should be spread out over a few hours and ideally separated by water breaks. It is recommended to review the label on alcohol for unit content", "duration": "1.5-3 hours", "effects": "relaxation, mood lift, happiness, sociability, lowered inhibitions, analgesia, slurred speech, flushed skin, drowsiness, tolerance, euphoria, amnesia", "onset": "15-30 minutes", "summary": "Alcohol is a CNS depressant that acts through the GABAₐ receptor, and is one of the most common strong psychoactives used by humans. It has a long history of use and its intoxicating effects are well-studied and documented. It remains legal in most parts of the world." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Auditory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Creativity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Creativity_suppression", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Double vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision", "Ego inflation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Ego_inflation", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "Frequent urination": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frequent_urination", "Headaches": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Headaches", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Language suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Language_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Pattern recognition suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_suppression", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Tactile suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_suppression", "Temporary erectile dysfunction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temporary_erectile_dysfunction", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Thought disorganization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_disorganization" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Alcohol and benzodiazepines in fatal poisonings. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12170103", "Drinking while pregnant creates and strengthens many risks associated with childbirth. It will also increase the chances of premature labour, which can be incredibly dangerous for both the baby and mother. -" ] } }, "ald-52": { "aliases": [ "ald52", "1alsd", "1a-lsd" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75-150ug", "Light": "25-75ug", "Strong": "150-300ug." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "9-14" }, "formatted_effects": [ "visual distortions", "a sense of childlike wonder", "brightening of colors", "racing thoughts", "hue shifts", "euphoria", "anxiety", "confusion" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-90" }, "name": "ald-52", "pretty_name": "ALD-52", "properties": { "after-effects": "12-24h", "aliases": [ "ald52", "1alsd", "1a-lsd" ], "avoid": "cannabis (can potentiate effects)", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 25-75ug Common: 75-150ug Strong: 150-300ug.", "duration": "9-14 hours, varying with dosage (heavy doses can lead to much longer trips)", "effects": "visual distortions, a sense of childlike wonder, brightening of colors,racing thoughts, hue shifts, euphoria, anxiety, confusion", "onset": "45-90 minutes depending on ROA and stomach contents", "summary": "ALD-52, or N-acetyl-LSD is a less common chemical analogue of LSD, first synthesised by Albert Hoffman. It was famously implicated in the 'Orange Sunshine' trial. A psychedelic lysergamide, this compound exhibits similar properties to LSD, and is suspected to be a pro-drug for LSD." } }, "aleph": { "aliases": [ "dot", "para-dot" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "empathogen", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "4-6mg", "Light": "2-4mg", "Strong": "6-12mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "aleph", "pretty_name": "Aleph", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "dot", "para-dot" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "empathogen", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2-4mg Common: 4-6mg Strong: 6-12mg.", "duration": "5-10 hours.", "onset": "30-90 minutes.", "summary": "The first sulphur-containing phenethylamine to have been evaluated for CNS activity for stimulant or psychedelic purposes." } }, "aleph-2": { "aliases": [ "dot-2", "dot2", "aleph2" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-24" }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-18" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "40-120" }, "name": "aleph-2", "pretty_name": "ALEPH-2", "properties": { "after-effects": "12-24 hours", "aliases": [ "dot-2", "dot2", "aleph2" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "duration": "6-18 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "40-120 minutes", "summary": "A very rare Phenethylamine, also known as DOT-2, it is the DOx analogue of 2C-T-2. There is very little human use reported. Described as being quite long and highly visual. The drug is suspected to be potent, with a reported threshold dose of 3mg." } }, "allobarbital": { "categories": [ "barbiturate", "tentative", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1000-1500mg", "Light": "500-1000mg", "Strong": "1500-2000mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "allobarbital", "pretty_name": "Allobarbital", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "barbiturate", "tentative", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 500-1000mg Common: 1000-1500mg Strong: 1500-2000mg+", "duration": "6-10 hours.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "It is a barbiturate that was first made in 1912. It was preliminary used as an anticonvulsant. Yet it has pretty much been outclassed by a newer generation of safer ones. Still in use in Poland." } }, "allylescaline": { "aliases": [ "al" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-16" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "30-40mg", "Light": "20-30mg", "Strong": "40-60mg+", "Threshold": "15-20mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-240" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Allylescaline.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal002.shtml" }, "name": "allylescaline", "pretty_name": "Allylescaline", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-16 hours.", "aliases": [ "al" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 15-20mg Light: 20-30mg Common: 30-40mg Strong: 40-60mg+", "duration": "8-12 hours. Varies greatly on dose.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "45-240 minutes", "summary": "Mescaline analogue with a much lower dose, that seems to rely heavily on colours." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought disorganization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_disorganization", "Thought loops": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_loops", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "alpha-php": { "aliases": [ "pv-7", "a-php", "aphp", "α-php", "αphp" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-48" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-40mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "1-10" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_alphaPHP.shtml" }, "name": "alpha-php", "pretty_name": "α-PHP", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-48 hours.", "aliases": [ "pv-7", "a-php", "aphp", "α-php", "αphp" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-40mg+", "duration": "2-8 hours dependant on ROA.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "1-10 minutes.", "summary": "A powerful stimulant cathinone, analogue of alpha-PVP and related to pyrovalerone. Said to have high addictive potential, compulsive redosing and relatively short duration. Often insufflated or vapourised." } }, "alprazolam": { "aliases": [ "xanax", "prazolam", "ksalol", "niravam" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Warning - higher doses increase the chances of blacking out", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "0.5-1.5mg", "Heavy": "2mg", "Light": "0.25-0.5mg", "Strong": "1.5-2mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hiccups", "Loss of time", "Loss of motor skills" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-40" }, "name": "alprazolam", "pretty_name": "Alprazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-24 hours", "aliases": [ "xanax", "prazolam", "ksalol", "niravam" ], "avoid": "When taken for a long period of time, abrupt discontinuation is highly unadvised. Avoid combining other depressants such as alcohol.", "bioavailability": "Oral 80-90%", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 0.25-0.5mg Common: 0.5-1.5mg Strong: 1.5-2mg Heavy: 2mg + | NOTE: Warning - higher doses increase the chances of blacking out", "dose_to_diazepam": "Alprazolam - 0.5mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "5-8 hours", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hiccups, Loss of time, Loss of motor skills.", "onset": "15-40 minutes", "summary": "An extremely common benzodiazepine better known as Xanax, frequently prescribed for the treatment of anxiety and panic disorders. Alprazolam is short-lasting and primarily anxiolytic, though also possesses hypnotic properties. At high doses amnesia and loss of inhibition are common. Do not mix with other depressants." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Seizure suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Seizure_suppression", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Role of dopaminergic and serotonergic systems on behavioral stimulatory effects of low-dose alprazolam and lorazepam. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11226811", "tability of alprazolam, chloroquine phosphate, cisapride, enalapril maleate, and hydralazine hydrochloride in extemporaneously compounded oral liquids. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9784772", "Alprazolam-related deaths in Palm Beach County. -http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15725773", "Alprazolam kinetics following sublingual and oral administration. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3680603", "A fatal case of Benzodiazepine withdrawal. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19465812", "Pregnancy category D according to the FDA with potential to do genetic damage. - http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/018276s044,021434s006lbl.pdf" ] } }, "am-2201": { "aliases": [ "am2201" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-60" }, "formatted_dose": { "Vapourized": { "Common": "500-1000ug", "Light": "250-500ug", "Strong": "1000-2000ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "60-180", "Vapourized": "30-90" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "15-30", "Vapourized": "1-3" }, "name": "am-2201", "pretty_name": "AM-2201", "properties": { "after-effects": "15-60 minutes.", "aliases": [ "am2201" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Vapourized Light: 250-500ug Common: 500-1000ug Strong: 1000-2000ug", "duration": "Vapourized: 30-90 minutes. | Oral: 60-180 minutes.", "onset": "Vapourized: 1-3 minutes. | Oral: 15-30 minutes.", "summary": "A synthetic cannabanoid that is very potent. Active doses start at around 250ug's. It is recommended to be cautious with this substance. It has also been noted that it can cause convulsions." } }, "amfecloral": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "amfecloral", "pretty_name": "Amfecloral", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "depressant" ], "duration": "5-8 hours.", "onset": "10-30 minutes.", "summary": "Is a stimulant drug of the Phenethylamine and Amphetamine class. It was used as an appetite suppressant, yet is no longer marketed. It acts as a prodrug to both Amphetamine and Chloral Hydrate." } }, "amfonelicacid": { "aliases": [ "aa", "afa", "win25978" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "nootropic" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "4-10mg", "Strong": "10mg+", "Threshold": "2-4mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "6-10", "Oral": "8-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations", "itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-15", "Oral": "30-45" }, "name": "amfonelicacid", "pretty_name": "Amfonelic acid", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "aa", "afa", "win25978" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "nootropic" ], "dose": "Threshold: 2-4mg Common: 4-10mg Strong: 10mg+", "duration": "Oral: 8-12 hours. | Insufflated: 6-10 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness.", "onset": "Oral: 30-45 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-15 minutes.", "summary": "A dopaminergic stimulant discovered by Sterling-Winthrop accidentally while developing antibiotics. Discontinued due to undesirable stimulant effects, it has had some popularity as a recreational drug." } }, "aminorex": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "3-10mg", "Light": "1-3mg", "Strong": "10-25mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "aminorex", "pretty_name": "Aminorex", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "duration": "4-8 hours.", "onset": "10-30 minutes.", "summary": "Is an anorectic stimulant drug that was taken off the market after it was found to cause pulmonary hypertension. Potency wise it has been found to be roughly 2.5 times more potent than dextroamphetamine." } }, "aminotadalafil": { "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-30mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "name": "aminotadalafil", "pretty_name": "Aminotadalafil", "properties": { "dose": "Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-30mg", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "summary": "An analogue of tadafinil, better known as Cialis (Viagra). Infamous for being missold in the 'Alpha Male' sexual enhancement supplement." } }, "amobarbital": { "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "barbiturate" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-75mg", "Light": "50mg", "Strong": "75-150mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-9" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "amobarbital", "pretty_name": "Amobarbital", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-12 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral: Roughly 95%.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "barbiturate" ], "dose": "Low: 50mg Common: 50-75mg Strong: 75-150mg+", "duration": "5-9 hours", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "10-30 minutes.", "summary": "A sedative and hypnotic barbiturate first discovered in 1923. Formerly widely used recreationally and medically, barbiturates have declined in popularity with the appearance of benzodiazepines and other drugs with less serious consequences in overdose." } }, "amphetamine": { "aliases": [ "speed", "pepp", "amphetamines", "amphetamin", "amfetamine", "amph", "hearts", "pep" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Street amphetamine is typically very impure, if you're working with a more pure chemical, lower doses will have greater effects.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "25-40mg", "Heavy": "75-100mg", "Light": "15-25mg", "Strong": "40-75mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "20-50mg", "Heavy": "70-90mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "50-70mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "3-6", "Oral": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Increased focus", "abundance of energy", "racing thoughts", "elevated heartrate" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral": "15-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Amphetamines.shtml" }, "name": "amphetamine", "pretty_name": "Amphetamine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "speed", "pepp", "amphetamines", "amphetamin", "amfetamine", "amph", "hearts", "pep" ], "avoid": "other stimulants, and depressants. Mixing depressants and stimulants is not good for the heart. MXE is also to be avoided (possibility of serotonin syndrome).", "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "detection": "Blood: 12 hours. Saliva: ~3 days. Urine: 1-4 days. Hair: Up to 90 days.", "dose": "Insufflated Light: 15-25mg Common: 25-40mg Strong: 40-75mg Heavy: 75-100mg | Oral Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-50mg Strong: 50-70mg Heavy: 70-90mg | NOTE: Street amphetamine is generally very impure, if you're working with a more pure chemical, lower doses will have greater effects.", "duration": "Oral: 4-8 hours | Insufflated: 3-6 hours", "effects": "Increased focus, abundance of energy, racing thoughts, elevated heartrate.", "marquis": "Strong reddish orange - Dark reddish brown", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "A very popular CNS stimulant available on prescription and black markets. Recreational in high doses, producing mild euphoria and an abundance of energy. Popular in eastern Europe and the US." }, "pweffects": { "Abnormal heartbeat": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Abnormal_heartbeat", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Bronchodilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bronchodilation", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Frequent urination": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frequent_urination", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Increased perspiration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_perspiration", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Memory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_enhancement", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Temporary erectile dysfunction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temporary_erectile_dysfunction", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Thought organization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_organization", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Treatment for amphetamine dependence and abuse. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11687171", "Comparative and interactive human psychopharmacologic effects of ketamine and amphetamine: implications for glutamatergic and dopaminergic models - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16143730", "Treatment for amphetamine dependence and abuse. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11687171", "Comparative and interactive human psychopharmacologic effects of ketamine and amphetamine: implications for glutamatergic and dopaminergic model ps... - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16143730", "The beta-lactam antibiotic ceftriaxone inhibits physical dependence and abstinence-induced withdrawal from cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, a... - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18342307", "A comparison of methylphenidate-, amphetamine-, and methamphetamine-induced hyperthermia and neurotoxicity in male Sprague-Dawley rats during the w... - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22289608", "Enduring changes in brain and behavior produced by chronic amphetamine administration: a review and evaluation of animal models of amphetamine psyc... - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3527341", "L-DOPA exacerbates amphetamine-induced dopamine depletion. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9565967", "Amphetamines in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1097600", "Effect of dopamine D2/D3 receptor antagonist sulpiride on amphetamine-induced changes in striatal extracellular dopamine. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11343690", "Behavioral and neuropharmacological analysis of amphetamine and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine in rats. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1208759", "Identification of di(beta-phenylisopropyl)amine as the main ingredient in illicit amphetamine tablets. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12645186", "Long-term opiate effects on amphetamine-induced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens core and conditioned place preference. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14751461", "Microglial activation is a pharmacologically specific marker for the neurotoxic amphetamines. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15337264", "Caffeine induces differential cross tolerance to the amphetamine-like discriminative stimulus effects of dopaminergic agonists. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15833596", "Christmas gingerbread (Lebkuchen) and Christmas cheer--review of the potential role of mood elevating amphetamine-like compounds formed in vivo and... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16007907", "Dual intoxication with diazepam and amphetamine: this drug interaction probably potentiates myocardial ischemia. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17320309", "Update on amphetamine neurotoxicity and its relevance to the treatment of ADHD. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17606768", "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21615721", "Aminorex, a metabolite of the cocaine adulterant levamisole, exerts amphetamine like actions at monoamine transporters. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24296074", "Long-lasting effects of escalating doses of d-amphetamine on brain monoamines, amphetamine-induced stereotyped behavior and spontaneous nocturnal l... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2440058", "Amphetamine modulates excitatory neurotransmission through endocytosis of the glutamate transporter EAAT3 in dopamine neurons. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25033183", "Acute methoxetamine and amphetamine poisoning with fatal outcome: a case report. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25060403", "[Antitussive effect of amphetamine]. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/552131", "Amphetamine-clonidine interaction on neurotransmission in the vas deferens of the rat. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6098834", "Self-injection of amphetamine directly into the brain. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6415748", "Amphetamine-induced analgesia does not involve brain opioids. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6468501", "Amphetamine-metabolites of deprenyl involved in protection against neurotoxicity induced by MPTP and 2'-methyl-MPTP. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7931228", "L-DOPA exacerbates amphetamine-induced dopamine depletion. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9565967", "Long-lasting psychotomimetic consequences of repeated low-dose amphetamine exposure in rhesus monkeys. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9885781", "Use of naltrexone has been found to successfully aid in recovery from amphetamine addiction - http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08020304", "According to drugs.com 's interaction checker, there is a potential for serotonin syndrome when mixing amphetamines and ssri's. The threshold dose for danger however is unknown. https://www.drugs.com/interactions-check.php?drug_list=2543-0,679-0", "Amphetamine has a half life of 7-31 hours: Mosby's Dental Drug Reference Ninth Edition 2010", "Pregnancy category C according to the FDA. Evidence has shown usage during pregnancy can cause premature birth, low birthweight, and withdrawal syndrome in the baby. This occurs more often in abuse of adderall. Recommendation is to consult with a physician if you are pregnant.", "Pregnancy category C according to the FDA. - https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2007/011522s040lbl.pdf" ] } }, "amt": { "aliases": [ "Alpha-methyltryptamine", "alpha-methyltryptamine", "alphamethyltryptamine", "indopan", "monase" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "2c-x": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "alcohol": { "note": "aMT has a broad mechanism of action in the brain and so does alcohol so the combination can be unpredictable", "status": "Caution" }, "amphetamines": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "benzodiazepines": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "caffeine": { "note": "High doses of caffeine may cause anxiety which is less manageable when tripping, and since both are stimulating the combination may cause some physical discomfort.", "status": "Caution" }, "cannabis": { "note": "Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics. Small amounts can reduce nausea with aMT but take care.", "status": "Caution" }, "cocaine": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "dextromethorphan": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "dmt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "dox": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "ghb/gbl": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "ketamine": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "lsd": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "maois": { "note": "aMT is an MAOI on its own. Using enzyme inhibitors can greatly reduce predictability of effects.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "mdma": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "mescaline": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "mushrooms": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mxe": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "nbomes": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "nitrous": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "opioids": { "note": "No unexpected interactions", "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "pcp": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "ssris": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "tramadol": { "status": "Dangerous" } }, "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-40mg", "Heavy": "60mg+", "Light": "15-25mg", "Strong": "40-60mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "10-16" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_AMT.shtml" }, "name": "amt", "pretty_name": "αMT", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-12 hours", "aliases": [ "Alpha-methyltryptamine", "alpha-methyltryptamine", "alphamethyltryptamine", "indopan", "monase" ], "avoid": "Other MAOIs http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/maois/maois_info3.shtml", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical" ], "detection": "Not tested for in standard drug tests.", "dose": "Oral Light: 15-25mg Common: 25-40mg Strong: 40-60mg Heavy: 60mg+", "duration": "10-16 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-90 minutes", "summary": "A long-acting psychedelic-empathogen with a broad method of action in the brain. Not suitable for combination with many other substances. Used as an anti-depressant in the Soviet Union, but later found popularity in the RC scene, mainly in the UK." } }, "aniracetam": { "categories": [ "research-chemical", "nootropic" ], "dose_note": "Rapid onset.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1500mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Aniracetam.shtml" }, "name": "aniracetam", "pretty_name": "Aniracetam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "bioavailability": "Oral: 8.6-11.4% (This is due to the extensive first pass hepatic metabolism) - Presumably higher when taken with fatty acids.", "categories": [ "research-chemical", "nootropic" ], "dose": "Oral Common: 1500mg", "duration": "2-4 hours.", "summary": "An anxiolytic nootropic which modulates the AMPA receptor. Significantly more potent than racetam. May have positive effects on memory and cognition. Little recreational value. Sold in Europe as a prescription drug, but not approved by the FDA in the US." } }, "apap": { "aliases": [ "acetaminophen", "paracetamol", "tylenol" ], "categories": [ "common" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Maximum daily dose is 4g", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "200-500mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Acetaminophen.shtml" }, "name": "apap", "pretty_name": "Paracetamol", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-2 hours.", "aliases": [ "acetaminophen", "paracetamol", "tylenol" ], "bioavailability": "Oral: 70-90% | Rectal: 30-70%", "categories": [ "common" ], "dose": "Pain-relief Common: 200-400mg | Fever Common: 300-500mg | NOTE: Maximum daily dose is 4g", "duration": "4-6 hours", "onset": "60-60 minutes", "summary": "A common over the counter fever reducer and painkiller. It is mixed with many common opioids. May cause liver damage and failure in higher doses. The drug is reported to not have recreational value." }, "sources": { "_general": [], "dose": [ "http://ceaccp.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/10/10/bjaceaccp.mkt049.full" ], "duration": [ "http://ceaccp.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/10/10/bjaceaccp.mkt049.full" ] } }, "armodafinil": { "aliases": [ "nuvigil" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "nootropic", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-150mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-16" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Armodafinil.shtml" }, "name": "armodafinil", "pretty_name": "Armodafinil", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "nuvigil" ], "bioavailability": "Oral 97.78%.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "nootropic", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Common: 50-150mg's", "duration": "12-16 hours.", "onset": "30-45 minutes.", "summary": "The more potent of the two modafinil isomers, said to have a longer duration and lesser side effects. Sometimes prescribed for ADHD and daytime sleepiness." }, "pweffects": { "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Body odor alteration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Body_odor_alteration", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Diarrhea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Diarrhea", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Headaches": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Headaches", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Memory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_enhancement", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Photophobia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Photophobia", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "ashwagandha": { "categories": [ "depressant", "supplement", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "500-1000mg", "Light": "300-500mg", "Strong": "1000-2000mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-60" }, "name": "ashwagandha", "pretty_name": "Ashwagandha", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "categories": [ "depressant", "supplement", "common" ], "dose": "Light: 300-500 Common: 500-1000 Strong: 1000-2000", "duration": "6-12 hours.", "onset": "15-60 minutes.", "summary": "Is an Adaptogen. It is commonly used for its ability to prevent anxiety. It also is helpful in relieving insomnia. It's name means \"Smell of Horse\" due to its smell and the traditional belief that ingesting the this herb will give you the strength and virility of a horse." } }, "aspirin": { "aliases": [ "acetylsalicylate" ], "categories": [ "common" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Aspirin is known to be dangerous in dosages of 4g and above. The duration is dose dependant: 2-3h (for low doses), 15-30h (for large doses)", "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "325mg-650mg", "Heavy": "1.6g", "Light": "75mg-81mg", "Threshold": "50mg" } }, "formatted_effects": [ "Analgesia", "Antipyresis", "Anti-inflammation", "Antiaggregation" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "aspirin", "pretty_name": "Aspirin", "properties": { "aliases": [ "acetylsalicylate" ], "avoid": "Acetazolamide, Ammonium Chloride, Alcohol, Tolbutamide, Chlorpropamide, Warfarin, Methotrexate, Phenytoin, Probenecid, Valproic Acid, Other NSAIDs, Corticosteroids, Spironolactone, Penicillin G, Vitamin C", "bioavailability": "Oral: 55.8-74%.", "categories": [ "common" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 50mg Light: 75mg-81mg Common: 325mg-650mg Heavy: 1.6g | NOTE: Aspirin is known to be dangerous in dosages of 4g and above", "duration": "(Dose-Dependent) 2-3h (for low doses), 15-30h (for large doses)", "effects": "Analgesia, Antipyresis, Anti-inflammation, Antiaggregation", "onset": "30-90 minutes.", "summary": "A widely used anti-inflammatory and blood-thinner produced by acetylation of the naturally occurring salicyclic acid. Part of the nonsteroidal anti inflammatory class of drugs, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. Very common over-the-counter pain reliever and fever reducer. Also used in smaller doses to lower risk of heart attack." } }, "atomoxetine": { "aliases": [ "strattera" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "18-40mg", "Light": "10-18mg", "Strong": "40-80mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "atomoxetine", "pretty_name": "Atomoxetine", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "strattera" ], "bioavailability": "Oral: 63-94%.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-18mg Common: 18-40mg Strong: 40-80mg+", "duration": "8-12 hours.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "A NRI that is used for ADHD. The drug has a very atypical pharmacology." } }, "ayahuasca": { "aliases": [ "pharmahuasca", "yage" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "empathogen" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Ayahuasca.shtml" }, "name": "ayahuasca", "pretty_name": "Ayahuasca", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours", "aliases": [ "pharmahuasca", "yage" ], "avoid": "Combining with any medications or substance contraindicated with MAOI's particuarly SSRI's, MDxx compounds and Amphetamines. Refer to http://wiki.tripsit.me/images/d/d6/TripSitDrugComboChart.gif for more info.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "empathogen" ], "duration": "4-8 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-60 minutes", "summary": "A concoction made of two or more plants that contain at least an MAOI and DMT, the combination of which allows the DMT to work orally. Typically associated to South American cultures. The drug is sometimes approximated synthetically by taking an external MAOI with extracted DMT. The drug is reported to often cause intense, spiritually orientated hallucinogenic experiences." }, "pweffects": { "8B Geometry - Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8B_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Creativity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Creativity_enhancement", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Diarrhea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Diarrhea", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Feelings of eternalism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_eternalism", "Feelings of interdependent opposites": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_interdependent_opposites", "Feelings of self-design": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_self-design", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Language suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Language_suppression", "Magnification": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Magnification", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Mindfulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Mindfulness", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Personal meaning enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_meaning_enhancement", "Personality regression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personality_regression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Rejuvenation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Rejuvenation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spirituality enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spirituality_enhancement", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Subconscious communication": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Subconscious_communication", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Synaesthesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Synaesthesia", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Thought organization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_organization" } }, "baclofen": { "aliases": [ "gablofen" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Past 125mg's it is reported to cause blackouts.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-50mg", "Heavy": "75-125mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "50-75mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "baclofen", "pretty_name": "Baclofen", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "gablofen" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral: 74%.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-50 Strong: 50-75 Heavy: 75-125mg | NOTE: Past 125mg's you may run into the issue of blacking out.", "duration": "3-6 hours.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "Also known as Lioresal, Baclofen is a GABA(B) receptor agonist and central nervous system depressant used to treat spasticity, and holds promise as a treatment for alcoholism. It exhibits mild intoxicating effects similar to phenibut or Pregabalin." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "A pilot study assessing pharmacokinectics and tolerability of Oral and intravenous Baclofen in healthy adult volunteers. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25028414" ] } }, "barbital": { "categories": [ "barbiturate", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "650-970mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "barbital", "pretty_name": "Barbital", "properties": { "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "barbiturate", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Common: 650-970mg.", "duration": "6-12 hours.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "The first commercially available barbiturate. Was used commonly as a sleeping aid until the 1950s." } }, "bentazepam": { "aliases": [ "thiadipone", "tiadipona" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Liver damage has been reported by users. If you are using this substance for a prolonged period of time it is recommended to get testing done on your liver.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "30-50mg", "Light": "15-30mg", "Strong": "50-75mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "bentazepam", "pretty_name": "Bentazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "thiadipone", "tiadipona" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 15-30mg Common: 30-50mg Strong: 50-75mg+ | NOTE: Liver damage has been reported by users. If you are using this substance for a prolonged period of time it is recommended to get testing done on your liver.", "duration": "3-6 hours.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "Thienodiazepine that is an effective anxiolyric. Liver damage among other concerns have been reported." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Bentazepam versus Clorazepate in the treatment of anxiety disorders. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011393X05804357" ] } }, "benzodioxole-fentanyl": { "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "name": "benzodioxole-fentanyl", "pretty_name": "Benzodioxole-Fentanyl", "properties": { "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "summary": "An analogue of Fentanyl." } }, "benzydamine": { "aliases": [ "tantum" ], "categories": [ "deliriant", "tentative", "stimulant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-48" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "500-1000mg", "Light": "250-500mg", "Strong": "1000-1500mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-60" }, "name": "benzydamine", "pretty_name": "Benzydamine", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-48 hours.", "aliases": [ "tantum" ], "categories": [ "deliriant", "tentative", "stimulant" ], "dose": "Light: 250-500mg Common: 500-1000mg Strong: 1000-1500mg+", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "onset": "15-60 minutes.", "summary": "NSAID with local anesthetic and analgesic properties, similar to ibuprofen or naproxen. Sometimes abused in overdose with reported delirant and stimulant effects." }, "pweffects": { "Abnormal heartbeat": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Abnormal_heartbeat", "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Tactile suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_suppression", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Visual haze": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_haze" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Recreational abuse with benzydamine hydrochloride (tantum rosa). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17364645", "Recreational use of benzydamine as a hallucinogen among street youth in Brazil. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19784487" ] } }, "bk-2c-b": { "aliases": [ "bk-2cb", "bk-2-cb", "b-k-2cb", "b-k2cb", "b-k2-cb", "b-k2-c-b", "b-k-2-c-b", "bk2cb" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "common" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: These doses are tentative and it is recommended to do further research.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "80-100mg", "Heavy": "150mg+", "Strong": "100-150mg", "Threshold": "50-60mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-70" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_BK2CB.shtml" }, "name": "bk-2c-b", "pretty_name": "βk-2C-B", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "bk-2cb", "bk-2-cb", "b-k-2cb", "b-k2cb", "b-k2-cb", "b-k2-c-b", "b-k-2-c-b", "bk2cb" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 50-60mg Common: 80-100mg Strong: 100-150mg Heavy: 150mg+", "duration": "8-12 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-70 minutes.", "summary": "A long-acting psychedelic and empathogen with unpredictable effectiveness. Roughly double the duration of 2C-B. Inactivated by high pH." } }, "bk-2c-i": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "120-180mg", "Heavy": "250mg+", "Light": "100-120mg", "Strong": "180-250mg" } }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "name": "bk-2c-i", "pretty_name": "βk-2C-I", "properties": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 100-120mg Common: 120-180mg Strong: 180-250mg Heavy: 250mg+", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-40 minutes.", "summary": "Novel psychedelic that is the beta-ketone derivative of 2C-I.", "warning": "It is not recommended to do this substance if you have thyroid issues." } }, "bk-ivp": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose_note": "Rapid onset.", "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-150mg", "Light": "60-100mg", "Strong": "150-200mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-3" }, "name": "bk-ivp", "pretty_name": "βk-IVP", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 60-100mg Common: 100-150mg Strong: 150-200mg+", "duration": "1-3 hours.", "onset": "Rapid.", "summary": "The beta-ketone analogue of IVP, this is a rare RC stimulant in the same family as MDPV. Little is known but it is suspected that the effects are similar to MDPV, amphetamine, or high dose caffeine." } }, "bod": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-30mg", "Heavy": "30-40mg+", "Light": "15-20mg", "Threshold": "12-15mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-14" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_BOD.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal014.shtml" }, "name": "bod", "pretty_name": "BOD", "properties": { "after-effects": "3-6 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Threshold: 12-15mg's Light: 15-20mg Common: 20-30mg Heavy: 30-40mg+", "duration": "8-14~ hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "60-120 minutes", "summary": "Beta-methoxy analogue of 2C-D, reports indicate it to be a more \"mild\" than the likes of 2C-x and DOx compounds. Reports on the bodyload are highly variable amongst users. Some experience an intense bodyload while others barely feel anything at all." } }, "bromadol": { "aliases": [ "bdpc" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "3-6", "Intramuscular": "2-4", "Intravenous": "1-3" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-15", "Intramuscular": "1-5", "Intravenous": "1-2" }, "name": "bromadol", "pretty_name": "Bromadol", "properties": { "aliases": [ "bdpc" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "duration": "Insufflated: 3-6 hours. | Intramuscular: 2-4 hours. | Intravenous: 1-3 hours.", "onset": "Insufflated: 5-15 minutes. | Intramuscular: 1-5 minutes. | Intravenous: 1-2 minutes.", "summary": "A very potent opioid that has an arylcyclohexylamine structure. Intial studies estimated that it was ~10,000x Morphine in animal studies. However that value has since decreased to ~504 times the potency of morphine for the trans-isomer." } }, "bromantane": { "categories": [ "depressant", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "nootropic" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Anticholinergic effects at high doses (around 500mg)", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-10" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-200mg", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "200-400mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "10-30" }, "name": "bromantane", "pretty_name": "Bromantane", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-10 hours.", "bioavailability": "Oral: 42%.", "categories": [ "depressant", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "nootropic" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-200mg Strong: 200-400mg+ | NOTE: Anticholinergic effects at high doses (around 500mg)", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 10-30 minutes.", "summary": "An unusual stimulant and anxiolytic drug with dopamine and serotonin reuptake inhibition properties. Infamously used as a doping agent in the 1996 Olympics. There are some concerns it may exacerbate the underlying causes of Alzheimer's disease." }, "pweffects": { "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Memory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_enhancement", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Stamina enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stamina_enhancement", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "bromazepam": { "aliases": [ "lectopam", "lexilium", "lexotan", "brazepam", "lexotanil" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: 6mg of Bromazepam is approximately equivalent to 10mg Diazepam", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-16" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Heavy": "10-15mg+", "Light": "2.5-5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-20" }, "name": "bromazepam", "pretty_name": "Bromazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-16 hours.", "aliases": [ "lectopam", "lexilium", "lexotan", "brazepam", "lexotanil" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral: 84%.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-10mg Heavy: 10-15mg+ | NOTE: 6mg of Bromazepam is approximately equivalent to 10mg Diazepam", "dose_to_diazepam": "Bromazepam - 5-6mg's ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia.", "onset": "10-20 minutes.", "summary": "A benzodiazepine drug with a medium-long duration, developed by Roche in the 1960s. Has primarily anxiolytic properties. May cause lowered inhibitions and amnesia in high doses." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Bioavailability of bromazepam in man after single administration of an oral solution. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6142717" ] } }, "bromazolam": { "aliases": [ "xli-268", "xli268" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg", "Light": "0.5-1mg", "Strong": "2-4mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "bromazolam", "pretty_name": "Bromazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "xli-268", "xli268" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 0.5-1mg Common: 1-2mg Strong: 2-4mg+", "duration": "5-8 hours.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "A rather novel Benzodiazepine that is structurally quite close to Alprazolam." } }, "bromo-dragonfly": { "aliases": [ "bromo-d-fly", "bdfly", "bromo-dragon-fly", "dob-dragonfly" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose_note": "Efects can last up to many days.", "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-400ug", "Strong": "500-750ug+", "Threshold": "100ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "16-30" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_BromoDragonfly.shtml" }, "name": "bromo-dragonfly", "pretty_name": "Bromo-DragonFLY", "properties": { "aliases": [ "bromo-d-fly", "bdfly", "bromo-dragon-fly", "dob-dragonfly" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 100ug Common: 100-400ug Strong: 500-750ug+", "duration": "16-30 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "Up to 6 hours.", "summary": "A psychedelic phenethylamine and benzofuran that is very potent and has a long duration. Was briefly sold as \"2C-B-FLY\" in 2005/6 and has led to multiple deaths." } }, "brotizolam": { "aliases": [ "lendormin" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "200-400ug", "Light": "100ug-200ug", "Strong": "400ug-600ug+", "Threshold": "80ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "10-30" }, "name": "brotizolam", "pretty_name": "Brotizolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "lendormin" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral 70% +/- 24%.", "categories": [ "depressant", "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 80ug Light: 100ug-200ug Common: 200-400ug Strong: 400ug-600ug+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Brotizolam - 0.25mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "Oral: 4-8 hours. Insufflated: 2-6 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia.", "onset": "Oral: 10-30 minutes. Insufflated: 2-10 minutes.", "summary": "Benzodiazepine analogue which is sedating, hypnotic and anxiolytic. It is available as prescription medicine in much of Europe, and is an extremely potent drug active at only 80ug. May cause amnesia and lowered inhibitions in overdose. Danger of respiratory depression when combined with other depressants. Short half-life." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Pharmacokinetics of brotizolam in healthy subjects following intravenous and oral administration. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6661374" ] } }, "buphedrone": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "30-50mg", "Heavy": "50-80mg", "Light": "10-30mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-2", "Oral": "2-3" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-20" }, "name": "buphedrone", "pretty_name": "Buphedrone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-30mg Common: 30-50mg Heavy: 50-80mg", "duration": "Oral: 2-3 hours | Insufflated: 1-2 hours", "onset": "10-20 minutes", "summary": "A cathinone stimulant first discovered in 1928, has gained some modest popularity as a mephedrone replacement. It is reported to be to be around 2-3x more potent than methcathinone." } }, "buprenorphine": { "aliases": [ "suboxone", "subs", "bupe" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: The ceiling dose for Buprenorphine is typically between 24-32mg, anything above this will not produce any increase in effects. After dosing 4mg approximately 95-98% of opioid receptors are occupied.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-16" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "0.4-0.8mg", "Heavy": "1.5mg+", "Light": "0.2-0.4mg", "Strong": "0.8-1.5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "Low Dose: 8-12 hours High Dose: 24-72 hours" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-90" }, "name": "buprenorphine", "pretty_name": "Buprenorphine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-16 hours.", "aliases": [ "suboxone", "subs", "bupe" ], "bioavailability": "Oral 22% | Sublingual 30% | Intramuscular 90-100%", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 0.2-0.4mg Common: 0.4-0.8mg Strong: 0.8-1.5mg Heavy: 1.5mg+ | NOTE: The ceiling dose for Buprenorphine is usually between 16mg and 32mg, anything above this will not produce any increase in effects. Also, after dosing 4mg your opioid receptors are completely covered.", "duration": "Low Dose: 8-12 hours High Dose: 24-72 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "60-90 minutes", "summary": "A semi-synthetic opioid analgesic also known as subutex. Often administered as Butrans patches, or in combination with Naloxone as Suboxone, a heroin replacement therapy drug. Will cause withdrawals if you have an opioid tolerance and don't wait long enough (typically around 48 hours) before taking this." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10928310-Effects of buprenorphine versus buprenorphine/naloxone tablets in non-dependent opioid abusers." ] } }, "bupropion": { "aliases": [ "wellbutrin", "zyban", "amfebutamone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "150-300mg/day", "Heavy": "450mg+/day", "Light": "150mg/day", "Strong": "300-450mg/day" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Metabolites": "20-37", "Parent": "11-21" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-90" }, "name": "bupropion", "pretty_name": "Bupropion", "properties": { "adverse-effects": "Agitation, dry mouth, insomnia, headache/migraine, nausea/vomiting, constipation, tremor, dizziness, excessive sweating, blurred vision, tachycardia, confusion, rash, hostility, cardiac arrhythmia, and auditory disturbance", "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "wellbutrin", "zyban", "amfebutamone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant" ], "chemistry": "IUPAC: (±)-2-(tert-Butylamino)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)propan-1-one | Formula: C13H18ClNO | Molecular Mass: 239.74 g/mol", "contraindications": "Seizure disorder, current or prior diagnosis of bulimia or anorexia nervosa, abrupt discontinuation of alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and anti-epileptic drugs, and MAOIs", "duration": "Parent: 11-21 hours | Metabolites: 20-37 hours", "effects": "Mild - moderate increase in motor activity and agitation/excitement", "legal": "Australia: Prescription Only (S4) | Canada: ℞-only | United Kingdom: POM | United States: ℞-only", "onset": "15-90 minutes.", "overdose-symptoms": "Seizure, hallucinations, loss of consciousness, sinus tachycardia, ECG changes, bradycardia, cardiac failure, cardiac arrest, and death", "pharmacokinetics": "Protein Binding: 84% (bupropion), 77% [hydroxybupropion (active metabolite)], 42% [threohydrobupropion (active metabolite)] | Metabolism: hepatic, primarily CYP2B6-mediated hydroxylation; both bupropion and hydroxybupropion (active metabolite) are CYP2D6 inhibitors | Excretion: renal (87%; 0.5% unchanged) and faecal (10%)", "pharmacology": "NDRI (Norepinephrine-Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor); NDRA (Norepinephrine-Dopamine Releasing Agent); α3β2, α3β4, α4β2, and α7 nACh receptor antagonist", "summary": "A frequently prescribed atypical antidepressant. Occasionally prescribed as an aid to smoking cessation. May lower seizure threshold in predisposed individuals. Poorly understood mechanism of action, probably an NDRI. Avoid combination with other drugs.", "warning": "Bupropion lowers the seizure threshold in a dose-dependent manner. Seizure risk increases significantly at total daily doses above 450 mg, with immediate-release formulations, rapid dose escalation, or when tablets are crushed or altered. Risk is further increased when combined with other substances that lower the seizure threshold, including CNS stimulants, alcohol (especially during withdrawal or binge use), theophylline, systemic corticosteroids, and certain antidepressants." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Evaluation of a Potential Metabolism-Mediated Drug-Drug Interaction Between Atomoxetine and Bupropion in Healthy Volunteers. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27518170", "dosing information for Bupropion https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/bupropion-oral-route/description/drg-20062478" ] } }, "butylone": { "aliases": [ "bk-mbdb", "b1", "bk-methyl-j" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "70-100mg", "Heavy": "200mg+", "Light": "40-70mg", "Strong": "150-200mg", "Threshold": "20-40mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "25-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_bkMBDB.shtml" }, "name": "butylone", "pretty_name": "Butylone", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "bk-mbdb", "b1", "bk-methyl-j" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 20-40mg Light: 40-70mg Common: 70-100mg Strong: 150-200mg Heavy: 200mg+", "duration": "3-5 hours.", "onset": "25-45 minutes", "summary": "Empathogen and stimulant of the cathinone class." } }, "butyrfentanyl": { "aliases": [ "bf", "b-f" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " Note: The drug is reported to be potent, caution is recommended.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "800-1500ug", "Light": "400-800ug", "Strong": "1.5-3mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "3-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "15-30" }, "name": "butyrfentanyl", "pretty_name": "Butyrfentanyl", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "bf", "b-f" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 400-800ug Common: 800-1500ug Strong: 1.5-3mg || Note: The drug is reported to be potent, caution is recommended.", "duration": "Oral: 3-4 hours. Insufflated: 2-3 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes. Insufflated: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "Potent short-acting opioid and fentanyl analogue. Often dispensed in a nasal spray. This is an highly potent drug - exercise extreme caution. May cause respiratory depression and death in overdose." } }, "bzp": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "70-100mg", "Heavy": "130mg+", "Light": "40-70mg", "Strong": "100-130mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-45" }, "name": "bzp", "pretty_name": "BZP", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-4 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 40-70mg Common: 70-100mg Strong: 100-130mg Heavy: 130mg+", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "onset": "30-45 minutes.", "summary": "A stimulant that was sold as \"legal ecstasy (MDMA)\" in the late 2000s, and was one of the first drugs widely marketed as a \"research chemical.\" It has a reportedly less favourable effect profile and has fallen out of popularity greatly since it was banned in many countries." } }, "c30-nbome": { "categories": [ "research-chemical", "inactive" ], "name": "c30-nbome", "pretty_name": "C30-NBOMe", "properties": { "categories": [ "research-chemical", "inactive" ], "summary": "The drug is reportedly inactive." } }, "caffeine": { "aliases": [ "coffee" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "nootropic", "common" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "note": "High doses of caffeine may cause anxiety which is less manageable when tripping, and since both are stimulating the combination may cause some physical discomfort.", "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "2c-x": { "note": "High doses of caffeine may cause anxiety which is less manageable when tripping, and since both are stimulating the combination may cause some physical discomfort.", "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "note": "High doses of caffeine may cause anxiety which is less manageable when tripping, and since both are stimulating the combination may cause some physical discomfort.", "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "alcohol": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "This combination of stimulants is not generally necessary and may increase strain on the heart, as well as potentially causing anxiety and greater physical discomfort.", "status": "Caution" }, "amt": { "note": "High doses of caffeine may cause anxiety which is less manageable when tripping, and since both are stimulating the combination may cause some physical discomfort.", "status": "Caution" }, "benzodiazepines": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "cannabis": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "cocaine": { "note": "Both stimulants, risk of tachycardia, hypertension, and in extreme cases heart failure.", "status": "Caution" }, "dextromethorphan": { "note": "High doses of caffeine can potentially exacerbate anxiety, especially during a dissociative experience, due to its stimulating effects. This combination might also lead to physical discomfort. However, individual responses to caffeine can vary significantly, often influenced by factors like habitual versus occasional usage.", "sources": [ { "author": "Chad J Reissig, Lawrence P Carter, Matthew W Johnson, Miriam Z Mintzer, Margaret A Klinedinst, Roland R Griffiths", "title": "High doses of dextromethorphan, an NMDA antagonist, produce effects similar to classic hallucinogens ", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22526529/" }, { "author": "Arthur Eumann Mesas, Luz M Leon-Muñoz, Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo, Esther Lopez-Garcia", "title": "The effect of coffee on blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in hypertensive individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis ", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21880846/" }, { "author": "M-L Nurminen, L Niittynen, R Korpela & H Vapaatalo", "title": "Coffee, caffeine and blood pressure: a critical review", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/1600899" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "diphenhydramine": { "note": "Caffeine as a stimulant may mask some negative side effects of DPH, leading to delusions of sobriety, which has additional concerns in states of delirium. The combination of stimulants will increase strain on the heart and may cause some physical discomfort, and has the chance to cause cardiovascular issues such as complex tachycardia. The combination may increase anxiety levels and risks of thought loops at higher dosages, in addition to increasing each other's negative side effects. Medical dosages are reported to not be a concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Clark, J. H.; Meltzer, E. O.; Naclerio, R. M. (2025)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye. World Allergy Organization Journal, 18(2), 101027.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027" }, { "author": "Evans, J.; Richards, J. R.; Battisti, A. S. (2025)", "title": "Caffeine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519490/" }, { "author": "McAtee, K. J.; Brillhart, D.; Barbuto, A. F.; Hiller, H. M. (2022)", "title": "Wide complex tachycardia secondary to massive diphenhydramine overdose: a case report. Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, 6(0).", "url": "https://doi.org/10.21037/jeccm-21-33" }, { "author": "Murray, A.; Traylor, J. (2025)", "title": "Caffeine Toxicity. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532910/" }, { "author": "Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Military Nutrition Research (2001)", "title": "Pharmacology of Caffeine. In Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance: Formulations for Military Operations. National Academies Press (US).", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK223808/" }, { "author": "Sicari, V.; Patel, P.; Zabbo, C. P. (2025)", "title": "Diphenhydramine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/" }, { "author": "Tharion, W. J.; Kobrick, J. L.; Lieberman, H. R.; Fine, B. J. (1993)", "title": "Effects of caffeine and diphenhydramine on auditory evoked cortical potentials. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 76(3 Pt 1), 707–715.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1993.76.3.707" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "dmt": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "dox": { "note": "High doses of caffeine may cause anxiety which is less manageable when tripping, and since both are stimulating it may cause some physical discomfort.", "status": "Caution" }, "ghb/gbl": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "ketamine": { "note": "No unexpected interactions.", "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "lsd": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "maois": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "mdma": { "note": "Caffeine is not really necessary with MDMA and increases any neurotoxic effects from MDMA", "status": "Caution" }, "mephedrone": { "note": "This combination of stimulants is not generally necessary and may increase strain on the heart, as well as potentially causing anxiety and great physical discomfort. However, individual responses to caffeine can vary significantly, often influenced by factors like habitual versus occasional usage.", "sources": [ { "author": "Mesas AE, Leon-Muñoz LM, Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Lopez-Garcia E", "title": " The effect of coffee on blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in hypertensive individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.016667" }, { "author": "Nurminen, ML., Niittynen, L., Korpela, R", "title": "Coffee, caffeine and blood pressure: a critical review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600899" }, { "author": "Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Military Nutrition Research.", "title": "Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance: Formulations for Military Operations.", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK223808/" }, { "author": "Baumann MH, Ayestas MA Jr, Partilla JS, Sink JR, Shulgin AT, Daley PF, Brandt SD, Rothman RB, Ruoho AE, Cozzi NV", "title": "The designer methcathinone analogs, mephedrone and methylone, are substrates for monoamine transporters in brain tissue ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2011.304" }, { "author": "Wright MJ Jr, Vandewater SA, Angrish D, Dickerson TJ, Taffe MA", "title": "Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone) and d-methamphetamine improve visuospatial associative memory, but not spatial working memory, in rhesus macaques", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1476-5381.2012.02091.x" }, { "author": "Kehr J, Ichinose F, Yoshitake S, Goiny M, Sievertsson T, Nyberg F, Yoshitake T", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "mescaline": { "note": "High doses of caffeine are uncomfortable and this will be magnified by psychedelics", "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "mushrooms": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "mxe": { "note": "No likely interactions", "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "nbomes": { "note": "Caffeine can bring out the natural stimulation from psychedelic drugs to make it uncomfortable. High doses can cause anxiety which is hard to handle while tripping", "status": "Caution" }, "nitrous": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "opioids": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "pcp": { "note": "Details of this combination are not well understood but PCP generally interacts in an unpredictable manner.", "status": "Caution" }, "pregabalin": { "note": "There is a risk of seizures from this combination, especially at higher dosages. Caffeine additionally reduces pregabalin’s anticonvulsant effects found in lower dosages. Caffeine increases respiration rate allowing for a higher dose of sedatives than normal. If amphetamines wears off first, recreational dosages of pregabalin may overcome the individual and cause respiratory arrest. Both substances at recreational dosages cause strain of the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications. Medical dosages are unlikely to be of concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben‐Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin Pharmacology and Its Relevance to Clinical Practice. Epilepsia, 45(s6), 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Chwedorowicz, R., Łukawski, K., Raszewski, G., & Czuczwar, S. J. (2022)", "title": "Effect of caffeine on the anticonvulsant action of pregabalin against electroconvulsions in mice. Pharmacological Reports: PR, 74(2), 431–437.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s43440-022-00356-1" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures: A historical-controlled trial. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N., & Livingston, J. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti‐epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Miziak, B., Błaszczyk, B., Chrościńska-Krawczyk, M., & Czuczwar, S. J. (2023)", "title": "Caffeine and Its Interactions with Antiseizure Medications—Is There a Correlation between Preclinical and Clinical Data? International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(24), 17569.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417569" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "ssris": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "tramadol": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" } }, "dose_note": " NOTE: The lethal dose for caffeine starts at approximately 3g. The average cup of coffee contains roughly 75-150mg of caffeine.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75mg-250mg", "Heavy": "400mg+", "Light": "20-75mg", "Strong": "250-400mg", "Threshold": "10-20mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1.5-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "elevated heartrate", "increase in cognitive abilities", "physical agitation", "panicked thinking", "racing thoughts", "uncomfortable bodyload" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "5-10" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Caffeine.shtml" }, "name": "caffeine", "pretty_name": "Caffeine", "properties": { "after-effects": "3-4 hours", "aliases": [ "coffee" ], "bioavailability": "Orally it varies from around 77%-99%", "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "nootropic", "common" ], "dose": "Threshold: 10-20mg Light: 20-75mg Common: 75mg-250mg Strong: 250-400mg Heavy: 400mg+ | NOTE: The lethal dose for caffeine starts at approximately 3g. The average cup of coffee contains roughly 75-150mg of caffeine.", "duration": "1.5-5 hours", "effects": "elevated heartrate, increase in cognitive abilities, physical agitation, panicked thinking, racing thoughts, uncomfortable bodyload", "onset": "5-10 minutes", "summary": "Caffeine is a CNS stimulant and the most widely used psychoactive substance in the world. It is legal and unregulated in most parts of the world, and is found in many commonly sold products. It has a good safety profile, though regular heavy use can cause physical dependence and contribute to certain medical conditions." }, "pweffects": { "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Bronchodilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bronchodilation", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Frequent urination": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frequent_urination", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Memory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_enhancement", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "camazepam": { "aliases": [ "albego", "limpidon", "paxor" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-40mg", "Heavy": "40+", "Light": "10-20mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-90" }, "name": "camazepam", "pretty_name": "Camazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "albego", "limpidon", "paxor" ], "avoid": "Avoid all other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 10-20mg Moderate: 20-40mg Heavy: 40+ mg", "duration": "8-12 hours. Dose and tolerance dependent.", "onset": "45-90 minutes.", "summary": "A benzodiazepine drug that is stronger in terms of anxiety relief than it is in terms of how hypnotic it is. It is a metabolite of diazepam and has limited anticonvulsant properties." } }, "cannabis": { "aliases": [ "weed", "thc", "marijuana", "dagga", "hash" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "stimulant", "psychedelic", "habit-forming", "common" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "note": "Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics.", "status": "Caution" }, "2c-x": { "note": "Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics.", "status": "Caution" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "note": "Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics.", "status": "Caution" }, "alcohol": { "note": "In excess, this combination can cause nausea.", "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "status": "Caution" }, "amt": { "note": "Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics. Small amounts can reduce nausea with aMT but take care.", "status": "Caution" }, "benzodiazepines": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "caffeine": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "cocaine": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "status": "Caution" }, "dextromethorphan": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "dmt": { "note": "Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics.", "status": "Caution" }, "dox": { "note": "Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics.", "status": "Caution" }, "ghb/gbl": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "ketamine": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "lsd": { "note": "Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics.", "status": "Caution" }, "maois": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mdma": { "note": "Large amounts of cannabis may cause strong and somewhat unpredictable experiences in combination with MDMA. Cannabis should be saved for towards the end of the experience if possible.", "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mescaline": { "note": "Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics.", "status": "Caution" }, "mushrooms": { "note": "Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics.", "status": "Caution" }, "mxe": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "nbomes": { "note": "Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics.", "status": "Caution" }, "nitrous": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "opioids": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "pcp": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "pregabalin": { "note": "Both substances may increase each other's side effects, such as sedation, lowered blood pressure, and raised heart rate.", "sources": [ { "author": "Balachandran, P., Elsohly, M., & Hill, K. P.", "title": "Cannabidiol Interactions with Medications, Illicit Substances, and Alcohol: a Comprehensive Review (2021)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-06504-8" }, { "author": "Klein, T. A., & Clark, C. S.", "title": "Therapeutic use of cannabis in the US. The Nurse Practitioner, 47(12) (2022)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NPR.0000884880.81603.c5" }, { "author": "Lile, J. A., Alcorn, J. L., Hays, L. R., Kelly, T. H., Stoops, W. W., Wesley, M. J., & Westgate, P. M.", "title": "Influence of Pregabalin Maintenance on Cannabis Effects and Related Behaviors in Daily Cannabis Users. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 30(5) (2022)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000464" }, { "author": "Vázquez, M., Guevara, N., Maldonado, C., Guido, P. C., & Schaiquevich, P.", "title": "Potential Pharmacokinetic Drug‐Drug Interactions between Cannabinoids and Drugs Used for Chronic Pain (2020)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3902740" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "ssris": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "tramadol": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" } }, "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "6-24", "Smoked": "2-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Smoked": { "Common": "20-60mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "60-100mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "4-10", "Smoked": "1-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Sedation", "Appetite enhancement", "Muscle relaxation", "Muscle spasms", "Nausea", "Pain relief", "Vasodilation", "Creativity Enhancement", "Anxiety suppression", "Anxiety", "Dream suppression", "Emotion enhancement", "Mindfulness", "Paranoia", "Sleepiness" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "30-120", "Smoked": "1-10" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Cannabis.shtml" }, "name": "cannabis", "pretty_name": "Cannabis", "properties": { "after-effects": "Smoked: 2-24 hours | Oral: 6-24 hours", "aliases": [ "weed", "thc", "marijuana", "dagga", "hash" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "stimulant", "psychedelic", "habit-forming", "common" ], "detection": "Single Use: blood 1-3 days, saliva 12-24 hrs, urine 1-3 days, hair 0 to 90 days. Regular use: blood 1-2 weeks, saliva 15-50 days, urine 15-50 days, hair 0 to 90 days. Oral single use: blood: 2-7 days", "dose": "Smoked Light: 33mg Common: 66mg Strong: 100mg. Oral Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-60mg Strong: 60-100mg+", "duration": "Smoked: 1-4 hours | Oral: 4-10 hours", "effects": "Sedation, Appetite enhancement, Muscle relaxation, Muscle spasms, Nausea, Pain relief, Vasodilation, Creativity Enhancement, Anxiety suppression, Anxiety, Dream suppression, Emotion enhancement, Mindfulness, Paranoia, Sleepiness.", "onset": "Smoked: 1-10 minutes | Oral: 30-120 minutes", "summary": "A common and widely used psychoactive plant, which is beginning to gain legal status for medical and even recreational use in some parts of the world. Usually smoked or eaten, primary effects are relaxation and an affinity towards food - a state described as being 'stoned.'" }, "pweffects": { "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Appetite enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_enhancement", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Brightness alteration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Brightness_alteration", "Changes in gravity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Changes_in_gravity", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Creativity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Creativity_enhancement", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depersonalization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depersonalization", "Derealization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Derealization", "Dream suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dream_suppression", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Feelings of impending doom": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_impending_doom", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Laughter": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Laughter", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Mindfulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Mindfulness", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Nausea suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea_suppression", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Paranoia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Paranoia", "Perception of increased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_increased_weight", "Personal meaning enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_meaning_enhancement", "Psychosis": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Psychosis", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Seizure suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Seizure_suppression", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Suggestibility enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Suggestibility_enhancement", "Synaesthesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Synaesthesia", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Vasodilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasodilation" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Cannabis use and risk of lung cancer: a case-control study. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18238947", "Cannabis smoking and risk of lung cancer in men: a pooled analysis of three studies in Maghreb. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19057263", "Cannabis induces a clinical response in patients with Crohn's disease: a prospective placebo-controlled study. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23648372", "Effects of cannabis on the adolescent brain. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23829363", "Is cannabis neurotoxic for the healthy brain? A meta-analytical review of structural brain alterations in non-psychotic users. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24118193", "A controlled family study of cannabis users with and without psychosis. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24309013", "How cannabis causes paranoia: using the intravenous administration of ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to identify key cognitive mechanisms leading to... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25031222", "The impact of marijuana use on glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance among US adults. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23684393", "Marijuana and lung diseases. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24384575", "Neuroprotective antioxidants from marijuana. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10863546", "Decreased depression in marijuana users. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15964704", "Self-reported anal sex practice and sexual risk-taking after marijuana use among a sample of Georgia inmates. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16820076", "Effects of marijuana extract and tetrahydrocannabinol on electroencephalographic sleep patterns. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/178475", "Association of marijuana use and the incidence of testicular germ cell tumors. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19204904", "The effects of combinations of intranasal cocaine, smoked marijuana, and task performance on heart rate and blood pressure. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2162543", "Ischemic stroke after use of the synthetic marijuana \"spice\". - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24212384", "Marijuana's effects on human cognitive functions, psychomotor functions, and personality. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3009708", "Effects of marijuana on human reaction time and motor control. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/600655", "Effects of marijuana on testosterone in male subjects. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6316036", "Detection times of marijuana metabolites in urine by immunoassay and GC-MS. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8926739", "Medical/therapeutic value of cannabis literature review - http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/178/2/107.short" ] } }, "carisoprodol": { "aliases": [ "soma" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Tolerance raises very fast", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-3" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "325-500mg", "Light": "100-325mg", "Strong": "500-750mg", "Threshold": "100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "carisoprodol", "pretty_name": "Carisoprodol", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-3 hours.", "aliases": [ "soma" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 100mg's Light: 100-325mg's Common: 325-500mg's Strong: 500-750mg's | NOTE: Tolerance raises very fast", "duration": "2-4 hours", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "15-30 minutes", "summary": "A skeletal muscle relaxant drug also known as Soma, carisoprodol has limited recreational value, however its main metabolite meprobamate has some moderate tranquilizing properties. Sometimes found in concoctions with codeine or caffeine." } }, "carphedon": { "aliases": [ "phenylpiracetam", "phenotropil" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "nootropic" ], "dose_note": "Rapid onset. Typically taken up to three times a day.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-200mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "name": "carphedon", "pretty_name": "Phenylpiracetam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "phenylpiracetam", "phenotropil" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "nootropic" ], "dose": "Oral Common: 100-200mg | NOTE: Typically taken up to three times a day.", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "onset": "Rapid.", "summary": "A nootropic and piracetam analogue also known as fonturacetam. This drug has been shown to have potential memory enhancing, anxiolytic, anti-amnesia and anti-depressive effects. However the drug has reportedly little recreational value. Around 45x more potent than Piracetam." } }, "centrophenoxine": { "aliases": [ "lucidril", "meclofenoxate" ], "categories": [ "nootropic", "tentative", "stimulant" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "250mg 1-6x a day." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "name": "centrophenoxine", "pretty_name": "Centrophenoxine", "properties": { "aliases": [ "lucidril", "meclofenoxate" ], "categories": [ "nootropic", "tentative", "stimulant" ], "dose": "Oral: 250mg 1-6x a day.", "duration": "Oral: 4-8 hours.", "summary": "Cholinergic compound with a DMAE compotent. It is thought to help in reversing some signs of aging. Naturally found substance, most notably in fish." } }, "changa": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: These are tentative estimates as Changa potency and dosing will vary per batch/source.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-36" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Heavy": "50+mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "30-50mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "immersive experience", "open eye visuals", "radical perspective shifting", "profound life-changing spiritual experiences", "powerful rushing of sensation", "change in perception of time", "auditory hallucinations", "color shifting", "hard on lungs when smoking", "stomach discomfort", "difficulty integrating experiences", "overwhelming fear" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "0-2" }, "name": "changa", "pretty_name": "Changa", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-36 hours", "avoid": "Combining with any medications or substance contraindicated with MAOI's particuarly SSRI's, MDxx compounds and Amphetamines. Refer to http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/Drug_combinations for more information.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-50mg Heavy: 50+mg | NOTE: These are tentative estimates as Changa potency and dosing will vary per batch/source.", "duration": "6-12 minutes", "effects": "immersive experience, open eye visuals, radical perspective shifting, profound life-changing spiritual experiences, powerful rushing of sensation, change in perception of time, auditory hallucinations, color shifting, hard on lungs when smoking, stomach discomfort, difficulty integrating experiences, overwhelming fear", "onset": "0-2 minutes", "summary": "Changa is the name given to a smoking blend of Banisteriopsis caapi or other MAOI containing plants with an infusion of extracted DMT. Changa often contains other milder psychoactive herbs as well. The MAOI action results in a longer and more intense trip (see Ayahuasca) NOTE: There is no standardized recipe or concentration of infused DMT, therefore dosage and potency will vary per batch." } }, "chloral-betaine": { "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "250-500mg.", "Light": "125-250mg", "Strong": "500-1000mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-7" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "chloral-betaine", "pretty_name": "Chloral betaine", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-8 hours.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 125-250mg Common: 250-500mg. Strong: 500-1000mg.", "duration": "3-7 hours.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "Sedative-hypnotic drug that was introduced into the United States in the 60's. Betaine complex with Chloral hydrate, thus makes it act as an extended version of Chloral hydrate then to Trichloroethanol, which is responsible for most of its effects." } }, "chloroform": { "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose_note": "Rapid onset and short duration.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Chloroform.shtml" }, "name": "chloroform", "pretty_name": "Chloroform", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "avoid": "Avoid CNS depressants and smoking", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "duration": "Short.", "obtain": "Air.", "onset": "Rapid.", "summary": "A naturally occurring organic compound once used as an anaesthetic. It has practically disappeared in this usage due to numerous harmful effects including danger of sudden death through cardiac arrhythmia. It been implicated in numerous murders. The drug is unsafe." } }, "cialis": { "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "name": "cialis", "pretty_name": "Tadalafil", "properties": { "dose": "Light: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg.", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "summary": "Tadalafil, a PDE5 inhibitor used to combat erectile disfunction. Dangerous in combination with other drugs which lower blood pressure." } }, "cinolazepam": { "aliases": [ "geroderm" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-20" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "30-60mg", "Light": "10-30mg", "Strong": "60-120mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "cinolazepam", "pretty_name": "Cinolazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "12-20 hours", "aliases": [ "geroderm" ], "avoid": "Caution: Do not mix with any CNS depressants. The combination can prove to be fatal and also increases likelihood of blacking out.", "bioavailability": "Oral 90-100%", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 10-30mg Common: 30-60mg Strong: 60-120mg+", "duration": "8-12 hours", "onset": "30-90 minutes.", "summary": "A benzodiazepine derivative drug with anxiolytic effects but mainly hypnotic effects. It is extremely effective as a sleep aid but has mild euphoria compared to other benzodiazepines." } }, "citalopram": { "aliases": [ "celexa", "cipramil" ], "categories": [ "common", "ssri" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-40mg once a day" } }, "name": "citalopram", "pretty_name": "Citalopram", "properties": { "aliases": [ "celexa", "cipramil" ], "categories": [ "common", "ssri" ], "dose": "20-40mg Once a day.", "summary": "Citalopram is an SSRI that is used to treat depression. It does not lead to a high and causes a wide range of negative psychological and physical effects when people attempt to abuse it. These include nausea, serotonin syndrome, and suicidal ideation. Those with bipolar disorder tend to go into a mixed state or manic states when trying SSRI's." } }, "clobazam": { "aliases": [ "frisium" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: 20mg of Clobazam is approximately equal to 10mg of Diazepam", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Heavy": "15-30mg+", "Light": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "name": "clobazam", "pretty_name": "Clobazam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "frisium" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants", "bioavailability": "Oral 85-90%", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-15mg Heavy: 15-30mg+ | NOTE: 20mg of Clobazam is approximately equal to 10mg of Diazepam", "dose_to_diazepam": "Clobazam - 20mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "6-12 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia.", "onset": "20-40 minutes", "summary": "A long acting benzodiazepine which focuses primarily on anxiolytic and anticonvulsant properties. It is used medically to treat epilepsy, and this along with its relatively many negative side-effects and contraindications in comparison with other benzodiazepines means it isn't frequently used recreationally." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "clobazam dosage equivalence to diazepam being 2:1 - The royal society of medicine International Congress and Symposium Series number 43: Clobazam ( Z. subhan study)", "Clobazam at doses under 40mg is found to not significantly alter memory or learning tasks compared to placebo as opposed to diazepam which had strong negative effects on memory and learning tasks in a comparitive study done by Z. Subhan found in: The royal society of medicine International Congress and Symposium Series no. 43" ] } }, "clomethiazole": { "categories": [ "depressant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-16" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "150-200mg", "Heavy": "200mg+", "Light": "100-150mg", "Threshold": "100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-40" }, "name": "clomethiazole", "pretty_name": "Clomethiazole", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-16 hours.", "categories": [ "depressant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 100mg Light: 100-150mg Common: 150-200mg Heavy: 200mg+", "duration": "5-8 hours. ", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "15-40 minutes. ", "summary": "Structurally related to Thiamine (vitamin B1), but with binding potential at the GABAa site. This causes it to produce effects most like those of a barbiturate: an effective sedative and hypnotic. Originally developed by Hoffman-LaRoche in the 1930s, it has seen use as a treatment for acute alcohol withdrawal.", "warning": "The normal amount in capsules is 192mg's. It is recommended to view this drug more as a barbiturate than a benzodiazepine. There is limited information on the drugs toxicology." } }, "clonazepam": { "aliases": [ "klonopin", "kpin" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: 0.5mg of Clonazepam is approximately equal to 10mg Diazepam.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-48" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "0.5-1mg", "Light": "0.25-0.5mg", "Strong": "1-2mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-45" }, "name": "clonazepam", "pretty_name": "Clonazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "8-48 hours.", "aliases": [ "klonopin", "kpin" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants", "bioavailability": "Oral 90%", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 0.25-0.5mg Common: 0.5-1mg Strong: 1-2mg+ | NOTE: 0.5mg of Clonazepam is approximately equal to 10mg Diazepam.", "dose_to_diazepam": "Clonazepam - 0.5mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "8-12 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "20-45 minutes", "summary": "A medium-length common prescription benzodiazepine, often used to treat panic attacks because of its relatively fast sublingual onset. Primarily anxiolytic, but also possessing of other benzodiazepine traits." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Seizure suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Seizure_suppression", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Mechanism of action of clonazepam in myoclonus in relation to effects on GABA and 5-HT. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2418652", "Central effects in man of the novel schistosomicidal benzodiazepine meclonazepam. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4054198", "Serum clonazepam concentrations in children with absence seizures. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1089913", "Tapering clonazepam in patients with panic disorder after at least 3 years of treatment. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20473065" ] } }, "clonazolam": { "aliases": [ "c-lam", "clam" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "200-400ug", "Heavy": "500-1000ug", "Light": "75-200ug", "Threshold": "50-75ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Clonazolam.shtml" }, "name": "clonazolam", "pretty_name": "Clonazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "c-lam", "clam" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose": "Threshold: 50-75ug Light: 75-200ug Common: 200-400ug Heavy: 500-1000ug", "duration": "6-10 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "10-30 minutes", "summary": "A long lasting benzodiazepine with heavily hypnotic effects. The safety profile is not well established, there have been reports that people taking it three days in a row have had a seizure. Most comparable to Triazolam, but with a much longer half-life." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" } }, "clonidine": { "aliases": [ "catapres", "kapvay", "duraclon" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-100ug", "Light": "25-50ug", "Strong": "100-250ug." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-16" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "clonidine", "pretty_name": "Clonidine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "catapres", "kapvay", "duraclon" ], "avoid": "All CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 25-50ug Common: 50-100ug Strong: 100-250ug.", "duration": "8-16 hours.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "Is a medication that is used to treat high blood pressure, anxiety, withdrawal (typically from alcohol, opioids, smoking) and many other uses." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Effect of magnesium chloride on psychomotor activity, emotional status, and acute behavioural responses to clonidine, d-amphetamine, arecoline, nic.. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21535917" ] } }, "cloniprazepam": { "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg", "Light": ".5-1mg", "Strong": "2-4mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-9" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "cloniprazepam", "pretty_name": "Cloniprazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: .5-1mg Common: 1-2mg Strong: 2-4mg+", "duration": "6-9 hours.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "Prodrug for Clonazepam." } }, "clonitazene": { "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "10-15mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "10-30" }, "name": "clonitazene", "pretty_name": "Clonitazene", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2.5-5mg Commong: 5-10mg Strong: 10-15mg+", "duration": "Oral: 4-8 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 10-30 minutes.", "summary": "An opioid that is roughly three times as potent as Morphine. Is related to Etonitazene, which is about 1000-1500x the potency of Morphine." } }, "clorazepate": { "aliases": [ "tranxene", "novo-clopate", "tranzene" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-40mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-80" }, "name": "clorazepate", "pretty_name": "Clorazepate", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "tranxene", "novo-clopate", "tranzene" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral: 91%.", "categories": [ "depressant", "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Low: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-40mg+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Clorazepate - 15mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "8-12 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "20-80 minutes.", "summary": "Is a prodrug for desmethyldiazepam which is responsible for most of the therapeutic effects. Has a long half life, with the addition of desmethyldiazepam as the main metabolite, which makes it much longer." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Bentazepam versus Clorazepate in the treatment of anxiety disorders. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011393X05804357" ] } }, "clotiazepam": { "aliases": [ "clozan", "distensan", "trecalmo", "rize", "rizen", "veratran" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "10-15mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "clotiazepam", "pretty_name": "Clotiazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "4-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "clozan", "distensan", "trecalmo", "rize", "rizen", "veratran" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-15mg+", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "onset": "10-30 minutes.", "summary": "Is a thienodiazepine substance. It differs from most other benzodiazepines in which the benzene ring has been replaced by a thiophene ring." } }, "cloxazolam": { "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "3-6mg", "Light": "1.5-3mg", "Strong": "6-12mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "7-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "cloxazolam", "pretty_name": "Cloxazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "4-12 hours.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 1.5-3mg Common: 3-6mg Strong: 6-12mg+", "duration": "7-12 hours.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "Benzodiazepine derivate that is metabolised into delorazepam. Which is where most of its effects come from." } }, "cocaine": { "aliases": [ "coke" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "note": "Cocaine and 2c-t-x both provide considerable stimulation. When combined they can result in severe vasoconstriction, tachycardia, hypertension, and in extreme cases heart failure.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "2c-x": { "note": "The anxiogenic and focusing effects of stimulants increase the chance of unpleasant thought loops. The combination is generally unnecessary because of the stimulating effects of psychedelics. Combination of the stimulating effects may be uncomfortable.", "status": "Caution" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "note": "The anxiogenic and focusing effects of stimulants increase the chance of unpleasant thought loops. The combination is generally unnecessary because of the stimulating effects of psychedelics. ", "status": "Unsafe" }, "alcohol": { "note": "Cocaine can decrease some of the intoxicating effects of alcohol, causing some people to drink more than they otherwise would, which leads to greater behavioral and physical health risks. There is also some debate about cocaethylene, a metabolite produced when combining alcohol and cocaine, with some researchers positing that it is more cardiotoxic than cocaine on its own. Use moderation when combining these substances.", "sources": [ { "author": "McCance-Katz, E. F., Kosten, T. R., & Jatlow, P. ", "title": "Concurrent use of cocaine and alcohol is more potent and potentially more toxic than use of either alone—A multiple-dose study.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(97)00426-5" }, { "author": "Pergolizzi, J., Breve, F., Magnusson, P., LeQuang, J. A. K., & Varrassi, G.", "title": "Cocaethylene: When cocaine and alcohol are taken together. (2022)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.22498" }, { "author": "Shastry, S., Manoochehri, O., Richardson, L. D., & Manini, A. F. ", "title": "Cocaethylene cardiotoxicity in emergency department patients with acute drug overdose.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.14584" }, { "author": "Wiener, S. E., Sutijono, D., Moon, C. H., Subramanian, R. A., Calaycay, J., Rushbrook, J. I., & Zehtabchi, S.", "title": "Patients with detectable cocaethylene are more likely to require intensive care unit admission after trauma. ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2009.06.014" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "This combination of stimulants will increase strain on the heart. It is not generally worth it as cocaine has a mild blocking effect on dopamine releasers like amphetamine", "status": "Caution" }, "amt": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "benzodiazepines": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "caffeine": { "note": "Both stimulants, risk of tachycardia, hypertension, and in extreme cases heart failure.", "status": "Caution" }, "cannabis": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "status": "Caution" }, "dextromethorphan": { "note": "Both substances raise heart rate, in extreme cases, panic attacks caused by these drugs have led to more serious heart issues", "status": "Unsafe" }, "diphenhydramine": { "note": "Stimulants increase respiration rate allowing for a higher dose of sedatives than normal. If cocaine wears off first, recreational dosages of DPH may overcome the individual and cause respiratory arrest. Both substances at recreational dosages strain the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications. When taken together, both substances can potentially be more reinforcing and have greater risk of methemoglobinemia when higher dosages of DPH are combined with cocaine.", "sources": [ { "author": "Alanazi, M. Q.", "title": "Drugs may be Induced Methemoglobinemia. Journal of Hematology & Thromboembolic Diseases, 06(01). (2017)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8790.1000270" }, { "author": "Banks, M. L., Andersen, M. L., Murnane, K. S., Meyer, R. C., & Howell, L. L.", "title": "Behavioral and neurochemical effects of cocaine and diphenhydramine combinations in rhesus monkeys. Psychopharmacology, 205(3), 467–474. (2009)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-009-1555-y" }, { "author": "chrisn", "title": "Diphenhydramine [Online post]. Drug-Forum. (2021)", "url": "https://drugs-forum.com/wiki/Diphenhydramine" }, { "author": "Eshmandi, M., Mohamed, A., Khalil, B., & Belhaj, A.", "title": "Methaemoglobinaemia Associated With Mixed Cocaine and Amphetamine Overdose: A Case Report. Cureus, 16(1), e51748. (2024)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.51748" }, { "author": "Karch, S. B. ", "title": "Diphenhydramine toxicity: comparisons of postmortem findings in diphenhydramine-, cocaine-, and heroin-related deaths. The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, 19(2), 143–147. (1998)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/00000433-199806000-00008" }, { "author": "Pennefather, J. N.", "title": "The effects pf cocaine and diphenhydramine upon the reactivity of rat vas deferens to supramaximal doses of noradrenaline and of other agonists: The mode of action of cocaine. European Journal of Pharmacology, 35(2), 333–339. (1976)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-2999(76)90236-3" }, { "author": "Pergolizzi, J. V., Magnusson, P., LeQuang, J. A. K., Breve, F., & Varrassi, G.", "title": "Cocaine and Cardiotoxicity: A Literature Review. Cureus, 13(4), e14594. (2021)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.14594" }, { "author": "Sicari, V., Patel, P., & Zabbo, C. P.", "title": "Diphenhydramine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. (2025)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/" }, { "author": "Tanda, G., Kopajtic, T. A., & Katz, J. L.", "title": "Cocaine-Like Neurochemical Effects of Antihistaminic Medications. Journal of Neurochemistry, 106(1), 147–157. (2008)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05361.x" }, { "author": "Wang, Z., & Woolverton, W. L.", "title": "Self-administration of cocaine-antihistamine combinations: Super-additive reinforcing effects. European Journal of Pharmacology, 557(2–3), 159–160. (2007)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.11.056" }, { "author": "Wang, Z., & Woolverton, W. L.", "title": "Super-additive interaction of the reinforcing effects of cocaine and H1-antihistamines in rhesus monkeys. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 91(4), 590–595. (2009)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2008.09.013" }, { "author": "Weichert, I.", "title": "Acute Management of Cocaine-Associated Methaemoglobinaemia. Case Reports in Medicine, 2011, 1–3. (2011)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/136396" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "dmt": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "status": "Caution" }, "dox": { "note": "The combined stimulating effects of the two can lead to an uncomfortable body-load, while the focusing effects of cocaine can easily lead to thought loops. Coming down from cocaine while the DOx is still active can be quite anxiogenic", "status": "Unsafe" }, "ghb/gbl": { "note": "Stimulants increase respiration rate allowing for a higher dose of sedatives than normal. If the stimulant wears off first the opiate may overcome the individual and cause respiratory arrest. Likewise the ghb/gbl can wear off and leave a dangerous concentration of cocaine behind", "status": "Caution" }, "ketamine": { "note": "No unexpected interactions, though likely to increase blood pressure but not an issue with sensible doses. Moving around on high doses of this combination may be ill advised due to risk of physical injury.", "status": "Caution" }, "lithium": { "note": "Lithium may inhibit some of the recreational effects of cocaine.", "sources": [ { "author": "Flemenbaum, A.", "title": "Antagonism of behavioral effects of cocaine by lithium. (1977)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(77)90015-6" }, { "author": "Cronson, A. J., & Flemenbaum, A.", "title": "Antagonism of Cocaine Highs by Lithium. (1981)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3614-3_132" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "lsd": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "status": "Caution" }, "maois": { "note": "This combination is poorly explored", "status": "Dangerous" }, "mdma": { "note": "Cocaine blocks some of the desirable effects of MDMA while increasing the risk of heart attack.", "status": "Caution" }, "mescaline": { "note": "The focus and anxiety caused by stimulants is magnified by psychedelics and results in an increased risk of thought loops", "status": "Caution" }, "mushrooms": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "status": "Caution" }, "mxe": { "note": "Stimulants taken with MXE can lead to hypermanic states much more easily, especially if sleep is avoided.", "status": "Caution" }, "nbomes": { "note": "Cocaine and NBOMes both provide considerable stimulation. When combined they can result in severe vasoconstriction, tachycardia, hypertension, and in extreme cases heart failure.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "nitrous": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "opioids": { "note": "Stimulants increase respiration rate allowing for a higher dose of opiates than normal. If the stimulant wears off first then the opiate may overcome the individual and cause respiratory arrest.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "pcp": { "note": "This combination can easily lead to hypermanic states", "status": "Unsafe" }, "pregabalin": { "note": "There is a significant risk of seizures from this combination. Stimulants increase respiration rate, allowing for a higher dose of sedatives than normal. If cocaine wears off first, recreational dosages of pregabalin may overcome the individual and cause respiratory arrest. Both substances at recreational dosages strain the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications. The combination has a greater risk of methemoglobinemia when higher dosages are combined.", "sources": [ { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure: Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N. A., & Livingston, J. H. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti-epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Hunter, L., Gordge, L., Dargan, P. I., & Wood, D. M. (2011)", "title": "Methaemoglobinaemia associated with the use of cocaine and volatile nitrites as recreational drugs: a review. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 72(1), 18–26.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.03950.x" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Lappin, J. M., & Sara, G. E. (2019)", "title": "Psychostimulant use and the brain. Addiction, 114(11), 2065–2077.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/add.14708" }, { "author": "Ludlow, J. T., Wilkerson, R. G., & Nappe, T. M. (2025)", "title": "Methemoglobinemia. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537317/" }, { "author": "Pergolizzi, J. V., Magnusson, P., LeQuang, J. A. K., Breve, F., & Varrassi, G. (n.d.)", "title": "Cocaine and Cardiotoxicity: A Literature Review. Cureus, 13(4), e14594.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.14594" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "ssris": { "note": "May reduce each others' effectiveness. Cocaine can reduce mental stability and therefore exacerbate conditions which SSRIs are used to treat.", "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "tramadol": { "note": "Tramadol and stimulants both increase the risk of seizures.", "status": "Dangerous" } }, "dose_note": "Rapid onset. Depending on purity, dosage will vary", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Heavy": "150mg+", "Light": "20-50mg", "Strong": "100-150mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-1.5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Elevated mood", "Increase in irritability", "hyper-inflated ego", "euphoria", "stimulation", "raised heartrate", "numbing effects depending on ROA", "nausea (particularly at high doses)" ], "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Cocaine.shtml" }, "name": "cocaine", "pretty_name": "Cocaine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "coke" ], "bioavailability": "Cocaine Oral 25-35% | Insufflated 40-60%. NOTE: This is for Cocaine HCl.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "detection": "Saliva: 1 day, Urine: 4-5 days, Hair: up to 90 days", "dose": "Insufflated Light: 20-50mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-150mg Heavy: 150mg+ | NOTE: Depending on purity, dosage will vary", "duration": "1-1.5 hours", "effects": "Elevated mood. Increase in irritability, hyper-inflated ego, euphoria, stimulation, raised heartrate, numbing effects depending on ROA, nausea (particularly at high doses)", "marquis": "Clear (No change)", "onset": "Rapid.", "summary": "A highly popular, short-acting CNS stimulant that works by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. It is known to increase euphoria, confidence, sex-drive, focus, body temperature, and heart rate. Cocaine can cause severe vasoconstriction and is known to be cardiotoxic and have a high potential for compulsive redosing and addiction." }, "pweffects": { "Abnormal heartbeat": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Abnormal_heartbeat", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Bronchodilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bronchodilation", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Ego inflation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Ego_inflation", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Increased perspiration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_perspiration", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Temporary erectile dysfunction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temporary_erectile_dysfunction", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Thought organization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_organization", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Rhabdomyolysis associated with cocaine abuse. -https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1743698", "Rhabdomyolysis associated with cocaine abuse. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1743698", "The beta-lactam antibiotic ceftriaxone inhibits physical dependence and abstinence-induced withdrawal from cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, a... - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18342307", "Effects of concurrent use of alcohol and cocaine. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12133112", "Cocaine-like neurochemical effects of antihistaminic medications. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18363822", "Cocaine cardiotoxicity: a review of the pathophysiology, pathology, and treatment options. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19463023", "Citalopram enhances cocaine's subjective effects in rats. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20195220", "Role of voltage-gated sodium, potassium and calcium channels in the development of cocaine-associated cardiac arrhythmias. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20573078", "High cocaine dosage decreases neurogenesis in the hippocampus and impairs working memory. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20731634", "The effects of combinations of intranasal cocaine, smoked marijuana, and task performance on heart rate and blood pressure. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2162543", "Lack of cocaine-like discriminative-stimulus effects of σ-receptor agonists in rats. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21808192", "Pregabalin reduces cocaine self-administration and relapse to cocaine seeking in the rat. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22734646", "Cocaine potentiates MDMA-induced oxidative stress but not dopaminergic neurotoxicity in mice: implications for the pathogenesis of free radical-ind... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23681166", "Effects of escitalopram on attentional bias to cocaine-related stimuli and inhibitory control in cocaine-dependent subjects. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23761390", "Aminorex, a metabolite of the cocaine adulterant levamisole, exerts amphetamine like actions at monoamine transporters. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24296074", "Long Withdrawal of Methylphenidate Induces a Differential Response of the Dopaminergic System and Increases Sensitivity to Cocaine in the Prefronta... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26509840", "Cocaine tolerance and cross-tolerance. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8093724", "Cocaethylene is as cardiotoxic as cocaine but is less toxic than cocaine plus ethanol. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8761012", "Differential potentiation of L-tryptophan-induced head-twitch response in mice by cocaine and sertraline. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8831798", "Cocaine contamination of United States paper currency. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8835657", "A study suggests that having a history of cocaine and poly drug abuse can lead to acute open-angle glaucoma - http://journals.lww.com/glaucomajournal/Abstract/2011/09000/Substance_Use_Disorder_and_the_Risk_of_Open_angle.9.aspx", "using cocaine while pregnant is dangerous for the fetus's health - https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/cocaine/what-are-effects-maternal-cocaine-use" ] } }, "codeine": { "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: The ceiling effect differs from person to person, but reports indicate it falls between 400-600mg", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-150mg", "Heavy": "150-200mg", "Light": "50-100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Codeine.shtml" }, "name": "codeine", "pretty_name": "Codeine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "avoid": "Dosing other medications/drugs that contain acetaminophen or consuming too high dosages of acetaminophen that is often found mixed with codeine. Acetaminophen is also known as Tylenol, Panadol, and paracetamol.", "bioavailability": "Oral 90% | Rectal 90%", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-150mg Heavy: 150-200mg | NOTE: The ceiling effect differs from person to person, but reports indicate it generally falls between 400-600mg", "duration": "3-6 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "marquis": "Very dark purple", "onset": "30-45 minutes", "summary": "Codeine is a weaker opioid used to treat mild to moderate pain and to treat coughs. In many countries it is available over the counter in combination with acetaminophen, which can easily be extracted to retrieve near-pure codeine. For this reason, it is used widely as a recreational opioid. It is metabolised into morphine in the body at a rate of 5% mg for mg.", "warning": "You must only use this drug orally due to the risk of severe immune system responses. It needs to pass through the liver to be activated anyway so IV, nasal, plugging etc do not offer an advantage" }, "pweffects": { "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Constipation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Constipation", "Cough suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cough_suppression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Itchiness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Itchiness", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil constriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_constriction", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Codeine analgesia is due to codeine-6-glucuronide, not morphine. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11092114", "Nod and wave: an Internet study of the codeine intoxication phenomenon. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25052240", "Trends and characteristics of accidental and intentional codeine overdose deaths in Australia. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26424067", "Rectal versus oral absorption of codeine phosphate in man. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6683976", "Endogenous codeine and morphine in poor and extensive metabolisers of the CYP2D6 (debrisoquine/sparteine) polymorphism. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8113966" ] } }, "coluracetam": { "categories": [ "research-chemical", "nootropic" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "10mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "3-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg+" }, "Sublingual": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "10mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "1-5", "Oral": "15-30", "Sublingual": "5-10" }, "name": "coluracetam", "pretty_name": "Coluracetam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "categories": [ "research-chemical", "nootropic" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 3-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg+ | Sublingual/Insufflated Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10mg+", "duration": "3-6 hours depending on stomach contents/ROA/ect.", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes. | Sublingual: 5-10 minutes. | Intranasal: 1-5 minutes", "summary": "A nootropic drug of the racetam class, originally developed to treat Alzheimer's disease, it is currently being investigated as a treatment for major depressive disorder and generalised anxiety disorder. The drug has some indications that it may be a modulator of the AMPA receptor. Reports indicate that there is limited recreational value." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Dream potentiation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dream_potentiation", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Memory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_enhancement", "Mindfulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Mindfulness", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "coronaridine": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative" ], "name": "coronaridine", "pretty_name": "Coronaridine", "properties": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative" ], "summary": "Alkaloid found in Tabernanthe iboga and related species. Persistently reduces the self-administration of Cocaine and Morphine in rats." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Effects of iboga alkaloids on morphine and cocaine self-administration in rats: relationship to tremorigenic effects and to effects on dopamine release in nucleus accumbens and striatum. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0006899394909482" ] } }, "crl-40-940": { "aliases": [ "flmodafinil", "lauflumide", "bisfluoromodafinil" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "nootropic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "40-75mg", "Light": "20-40mg", "Strong": "75-150mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-45" }, "name": "crl-40-940", "pretty_name": "CRL-40-940", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "flmodafinil", "lauflumide", "bisfluoromodafinil" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "nootropic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Light: 20-40mg Common: 40-75mg Strong: 75-150mg.", "duration": "6-12 hours.", "onset": "30-45 minutes.", "summary": "Bisfluoro analogue Modafinil. Sold sometimes online as a research chemical. The drug was patented in 2013. It is slightly more potent than Armodafinil." } }, "crl-40-941": { "aliases": [ "fladrafinil", "fluoromodafinil" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "nootropic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-10" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-250mg", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "250-350mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-14" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "crl-40-941", "pretty_name": "CRL-40-941", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-10 hours.", "aliases": [ "fladrafinil", "fluoromodafinil" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "nootropic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-250mg Strong: 250-350mg+", "duration": "6-14 hours. Dependant on dose.", "onset": "30-90 minutes.", "summary": "A substance closely related to Adrafinil and Modafinil. It is the bis(p-fluoro) ring derivative of Adrafinil." } }, "cyclizine": { "categories": [ "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: The provided dosages are intended for therapeutic use.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "14" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-50mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Side-effects: drowsiness", "dry mouth", "headache", "psychomotor impairment", "urinary retention", "blurred vision", "dermatitis", "gastrointestinal disturbances" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "cyclizine", "pretty_name": "Cyclizine", "properties": { "after-effects": "14 - 16 hours", "categories": [ "depressant" ], "chemistry": "IUPAC: 1-benzhydryl-4-methyl-piperazine | Formula: C18H22N2 | Molecular Mass: 266.381 g/mol | Water Solubility: 1000 mg/L (25 °C)", "dose": "Common: 25-50mg's.", "duration": "Oral 4-8 hours.", "onset": "10-30 minutes.", "pharmacodynamics": "H1 receptor inverse agonist; mACh receptor antagonist", "side-effects": "drowsiness, dry mouth, headache, psychomotor impairment, urinary retention, blurred vision, dermatitis, gastrointestinal disturbances", "summary": "First generation antihistamine and anticholinergic drug used to combat nausea and vomiting. Causes drowsiness. Similar to most other antihistamines, it typically induces delirium and vivid realistic hallucinations at high dosages. The drug is reported to be uncomfortable and not enjoyable at these dosages." } }, "cyclo-methiodrone": { "categories": [ "empathogen", "stimulant", "habit-forming", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "45-65mg", "Heavy": "90+mg.", "Light": "30-45mg", "Strong": "65-90mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "25-45" }, "name": "cyclo-methiodrone", "pretty_name": "Cyclo-Methiodrone", "properties": { "categories": [ "empathogen", "stimulant", "habit-forming", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 30-45mg Common: 45-65mg Strong: 65-90mg Heavy: 90+mg.", "duration": "3-5 hours", "onset": "25-45 minutes", "summary": "Empathogen with strong stimulant effects, very loosely related to benzylpiperidine." } }, "cyclobenzaprine": { "aliases": [ "flexeril", "apo-cyclobenzaprin", "fexmid", "novo-cycloprine" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Heavy": "15mg+", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "10-15mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "cyclobenzaprine", "pretty_name": "Cyclobenzaprine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "flexeril", "apo-cyclobenzaprin", "fexmid", "novo-cycloprine" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-15mg Heavy: 15mg+", "duration": "6-12 hours", "onset": "15-45 minutes. ", "summary": "Muscle relaxant and CNS depressant used to relieve skeletal muscle spasms and associated pain in acute musculoskeletal conditions. Sometimes prescribed off-label for treatment of fibromyalgia or as a sleep aid. The drug is reported to have little recreational value alone, but may potentiate some opioids. May cause drowsiness, dry mouth and dizziness.", "warning": "Do not mix with other CNS depressants, or within two weeks of a MAOI. " } }, "cyclopentyl-fentanyl": { "aliases": [ "cp-f", "cpf" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "tentative", "research-chemical", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "name": "cyclopentyl-fentanyl", "pretty_name": "Cyclopentyl-Fentanyl", "properties": { "aliases": [ "cp-f", "cpf" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "tentative", "research-chemical", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "summary": "An analogue of fentanyl that is unknown in scientific literature. The drug is suspected to be less potent than its former being Acetyl-Fentanyl. There is limited information on this drug, caution is recommended." } }, "cyclopropylmescaline": { "aliases": [ "cpm", "4-cyclopropylmethoxy-3" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "60-70mg", "Light": "50-60mg", "Strong": "70-80mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-18" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "cyclopropylmescaline", "pretty_name": "Cyclopropylmescaline", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "cpm", "4-cyclopropylmethoxy-3" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Light: 50-60mg Common: 60-70mg: Strong: 70-80mg", "duration": "12-18 hours", "onset": "10-30 minutes", "summary": "Cyclopropylmescaline, AKA CPM, is a psychedelic/hallucinogenic that was produced by Alexander Shulgin. It causes visual and auditory hallucinations and is reported to have a long duration. There is limited information on this drug, caution is advised", "warning": "Caution: There is limited information on how CPM interacts with the body. Caution with usage/dosage is advised." } }, "d2pm": { "aliases": [ "diphenylprolinol" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: These doses are tentative and it is recommended to do further research.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-35mg", "Light": "15-20mg", "Strong": "35-50mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-30" }, "name": "d2pm", "pretty_name": "D2PM", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "diphenylprolinol" ], "avoid": "Other stimulants.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 15-20mg Common: 20-35mg Strong: 35-50mg+ | NOTE: These doses are tentative and it is recommended to do further research.", "duration": "2-5 hours.", "onset": "20-30 minutes", "summary": "An NDRI, which is reported as being rather lackluster in subjective effects." } }, "dalt": { "aliases": [ "n,n-diallyltryptamine", "diallyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "40-60mg", "Light": "20-40mg", "Strong": "60mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "dalt", "pretty_name": "DALT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "n,n-diallyltryptamine", "diallyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "duration": "3-6 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "Psychedelic drug of the tryptamine class." } }, "datura": { "categories": [ "depressant", "tentative", "deliriant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "24-72" }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-72+" }, "formatted_effects": [ "surreal interactions with world", "hallucinations", "dry mouth", "nausea", "fear", "anxiety", "amnesia", "difficulty breathing", "confusion", "delirium" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Datura.shtml" }, "name": "datura", "pretty_name": "Datura", "properties": { "after-effects": "24-72 hours", "avoid": "Yes. Just avoid it.", "categories": [ "depressant", "tentative", "deliriant" ], "duration": "12-72+ hours.", "effects": "surreal interactions with world, hallucinations, dry mouth, nausea, fear, anxiety, amnesia, difficulty breathing, confusion, delirium", "onset": "60-120 minutes", "summary": "A family of plants containing various Tropane alkaloids. Produces long-lasting deliriant effects including very realistic and often unpleasant hallucinations along with short-term amnesia. Datura plants are toxic to humans, and potency varies greatly from plant-to-plant, making the drug extremely difficult to dose safely. The drug typically in reports is not regarded as recreational.", "warning": "Datura can be incredibly dangerous, dosing can be hard to determine and extreme caution should be used." }, "pweffects": { "Abnormal heartbeat": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Abnormal_heartbeat", "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Cognitive dysphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_dysphoria", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Dream potentiation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dream_potentiation", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Frequent urination": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frequent_urination", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Language suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Language_suppression", "Muscle cramps": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_cramps", "Muscle spasms": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_spasms", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Paranoia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Paranoia", "Pattern recognition suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_suppression", "Perception of increased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_increased_weight", "Peripheral information misinterpretation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Peripheral_information_misinterpretation", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Photophobia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Photophobia", "Psychosis": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Psychosis", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Restless leg syndrome": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Restless_leg_syndrome", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Shadow people": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Shadow_people", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Thought disorganization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_disorganization", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Unspeakable horrors": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unspeakable_horrors", "Vibrating vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vibrating_vision", "Visual haze": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_haze" } }, "db-mdbp": { "categories": [ "inactive" ], "name": "db-mdbp", "pretty_name": "DB-MDBP", "properties": { "categories": [ "inactive" ], "summary": "Inactive." } }, "dehydroxyfluorafinil": { "aliases": [ "modafiendz" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "nootropic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-150mg", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "150-200mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "name": "dehydroxyfluorafinil", "pretty_name": "Dehydroxyfluorafinil", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "modafiendz" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "nootropic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Threshold 25-50mg Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-150mg Strong: 150-200mg+", "duration": "5-8 hours.", "onset": "30-60 minutes.", "summary": "Nootropic of the benzhydryl class. Closely related to Adrafinil and Modafinil. Branded as \"Modafiendz\" by some research chemical vendors." } }, "delorazepam": { "aliases": [ "nordiclazepam" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Higher doses increase the chances of blacking out. 1mg Delorazepam is approximately equal to 10mg Diazepam.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "72" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "0.5-1.5mg", "Heavy": "2-3mg", "Light": "0.25-0.5mg", "Strong": "1.5-2mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-16" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "name": "delorazepam", "pretty_name": "Delorazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "72 hours", "aliases": [ "nordiclazepam" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 0.25-0.5mg Common: 0.5-1.5mg Strong: 1.5-2mg Heavy: 2-3mg | NOTE: Higher doses increase the chances of blacking out. 1mg Delorazepam is approximately equal to 10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "12-16 hours", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "30-60 minutes.", "summary": "THe drug is also known as chlordesmethyldiazepam. This uncommon benzodiazepine compound is primarily used for treatment of anxiety disorders and alcohol withdrawal, due to its long half-life (60-140 hours). It is also the active metabolite of diclazepam and cloxazolam." } }, "demerol": { "aliases": [ "pethidine", "meperidine" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-10" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-200mg", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "200-400mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "name": "demerol", "pretty_name": "Pethidine", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-10 hours.", "aliases": [ "pethidine", "meperidine" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral 50-60% | Rectal 55% | Intramuscular 80-85%", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-200mg Strong: 200-400mg+", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "30-60 minutes", "summary": "A phenylpiperidine opioid first synthesised by Otto Eisleb in 1939, better known by the names meperidine and pethidine. An analgesic once widely prescribed, it has since declined in usage due to the discovery of a toxic metabolite - norpethidine. The drug additionally reacts dangerously with many drugs." } }, "deschloroetizolam": { "aliases": [ "etizolam-2" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Non-oral ROAs are ineffective.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "4-6mg", "Light": "2-4mg", "Strong": "6-12mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "1-5" }, "name": "deschloroetizolam", "pretty_name": "Deschloroetizolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "etizolam-2" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2-4mg Common: 4-6mg Strong: 6-12mg | NOTE: Non-oral ROAs are ineffective.", "duration": "8-10 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "1-5 minutes", "summary": "A Thienodiazepine which is close to its parent compound, Etizolam, whilst being significantly weaker and longer lasting." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" } }, "deschloroketamine": { "aliases": [ "2'-oxo-pcm", "dxe", "dck", "o-pcm", "opcm", "2-oxo-pcm" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-25mg", "Heavy": "40+mg.", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "25-40mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "2-20" }, "name": "deschloroketamine", "pretty_name": "Deschloroketamine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "2'-oxo-pcm", "dxe", "dck", "o-pcm", "opcm", "2-oxo-pcm" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-25mg Strong: 25-40mg Heavy: 40+mg.", "duration": "3-6 hours", "onset": "Insufflated: 2-20 minutes.", "summary": "A novel analogue of ketamine which is much more potent and has a longer duration." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Auditory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_suppression", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Consciousness disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Consciousness_disconnection", "Creativity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Creativity_enhancement", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Depersonalization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depersonalization", "Derealization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Derealization", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Double vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision", "Environmental cubism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_cubism", "Environmental orbism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_orbism", "Frame rate suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frame_rate_suppression", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Language suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Language_suppression", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Pattern recognition suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_suppression", "Perception of decreased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_decreased_weight", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Perspective distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_distortions", "Physical autonomy": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_autonomy", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Tactile disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_disconnection", "Tactile suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_suppression", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Visual disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_disconnection", "Visual sliding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_sliding" } }, "desmethylflunitrazepam": { "aliases": [ "fonazepam", "ro05-4435", "norflunitrazepam" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg", "Light": "0.5-1mg", "Strong": "2-4mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "name": "desmethylflunitrazepam", "pretty_name": "Desmethylflunitrazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "fonazepam", "ro05-4435", "norflunitrazepam" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Light: 0.5-1mg Common: 1-2mg Strong: 2-4mg+", "duration": "5-10 hours.", "onset": "30-60 minutes.", "summary": "Benzodiazepine that is a metabolite of Flunitrazepam, and has been sold as a research chemical." } }, "det": { "aliases": [ "diethyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-80mg", "Light": "20-40mg", "Strong": "80mg+" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "30-50mg", "Light": "15-25mg", "Strong": "50mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "30-90", "Vapourized": "1-5" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_DET.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal03.shtml" }, "name": "det", "pretty_name": "DET", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "diethyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Vapourized (using a 100% success method) Light: 15-25mg's Common: 30-50mg's Strong: 50mg+ Orally Light: 20-40mg's Common: 50-80mg's Strong: 80mg+", "duration": "2-4 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "Vapourized: 1-5 minutes. | Oral: 30-90 minutes.", "summary": "A uncommon analogue of DMT with similar effects and reported oral activity without the aid of an MAOI." } }, "dexedrine": { "aliases": [ "dextroamphetamine", "dexamfetamine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-30mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-60" }, "name": "dexedrine", "pretty_name": "Dexedrine", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "dextroamphetamine", "dexamfetamine" ], "avoid": "Other stimulants.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-30mg.", "duration": "3-6 hours.", "onset": "20-60 minutes.", "summary": "A highly abusable stimulant. It is rarely prescribed in the US to treat ADHD, and is very similar in effects to Adderall, as its main ingredient is 75% of what Adderall is." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "pregnancy category C according to the FDA - http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2007/017078s042lbl.pdf" ] } }, "dextromethorphan": { "aliases": [ "dxm", "robo", "syrup", "robotussin", "dex", "robitussin", "DM" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "habit-forming", "common" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "status": "Unsafe" }, "2c-x": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "note": "Little information exists about this combination.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "alcohol": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. Place the affected individual in the recovery position to prevent vomit aspiration from excess. Additionally, CNS depression can lead to difficulty breathing. Avoid on anything higher than 1st plateau.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "Both substances raise heart rate, in extreme cases, panic attacks caused by these drugs have led to more serious heart issues.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "amt": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "benzodiazepines": { "note": "Small doses of benzos can end a bad trip, but both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and this can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position.", "status": "Caution" }, "caffeine": { "note": "High doses of caffeine can potentially exacerbate anxiety, especially during a dissociative experience, due to its stimulating effects. This combination might also lead to physical discomfort. However, individual responses to caffeine can vary significantly, often influenced by factors like habitual versus occasional usage.", "sources": [ { "author": "Chad J Reissig, Lawrence P Carter, Matthew W Johnson, Miriam Z Mintzer, Margaret A Klinedinst, Roland R Griffiths", "title": "High doses of dextromethorphan, an NMDA antagonist, produce effects similar to classic hallucinogens ", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22526529/" }, { "author": "Arthur Eumann Mesas, Luz M Leon-Muñoz, Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo, Esther Lopez-Garcia", "title": "The effect of coffee on blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in hypertensive individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis ", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21880846/" }, { "author": "M-L Nurminen, L Niittynen, R Korpela & H Vapaatalo", "title": "Coffee, caffeine and blood pressure: a critical review", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/1600899" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "cannabis": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "cocaine": { "note": "Both substances raise heart rate, in extreme cases, panic attacks caused by these drugs have led to more serious heart issues", "status": "Unsafe" }, "diphenhydramine": { "note": "The combination is reported to reduce the side effects of each drug and potentiate many of the recreational effects. There is a significant risk of serotonin syndrome, increased delirium, CNS depression, cognitive inhibition, risk of physical injury, hyperthermia, mania, paranoia, and psychosis, especially at higher dosages. There is an additional concern of tachycardia, hypertension, and in extreme cases, heart failure. Diphenhydramine is reported to inhibit the CYP2D6 enzyme which can increase levels of DXM. Medical dosages are not reported to be a concern. Caution is strongly recommended with this combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Abdul Manap, Wright, Gregory, Rostami‐Hodjegan, Meller, Kelm, Lennard, Tucker, & Morice. (1999)", "title": "The antitussive effect of dextromethorphan in relation to CYP2D6 activity. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 48(3), 382–387.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00029.x" }, { "author": "Akutsu, T., Kobayashi, K., Sakurada, K., Ikegaya, H., Furihata, T., & Chiba, K. (2007)", "title": "Identification of human cytochrome p450 isozymes involved in diphenhydramine N-demethylation. Drug Metabolism and Disposition: The Biological Fate of Chemicals, 35(1), 72–78.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.106.012088" }, { "author": "Clark, J. H., Meltzer, E. O., & Naclerio, R. M. (2025)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye. World Allergy Organization Journal, 18(2), 101027.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027" }, { "author": "Crazy Steve. (2004)", "title": "Mind Expansion: An Experience with DXM & Diphenhydramine (exp33999). Erowid.org.", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=33999" }, { "author": "De Leon, J., & Nikoloff, D. M. (2008)", "title": "Paradoxical Excitation on Diphenhydramine May Be Associated with Being a CYP2D6 Ultrarapid Metabolizer: Three Case Reports. CNS Spectrums, 13(2), 133–135.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S109285290001628X" }, { "author": "Hamelin, B. (2000a)", "title": "Significant interaction between the nonprescription antihistamine diphenhydramine and the CYP2D6 substrate metoprolol in healthy men with high or low CYP2D6 activity. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 67(5), 466–477.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1067/mcp.2000.106464" }, { "author": "HANS. (2022)", "title": "First Overdose: An Experience with DXM & Diphenhydramine (exp116238). Erowid.org.", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=116238" }, { "author": "Jun, J. H., Thorndike, E. B., & Schindler, C. W. (2004a)", "title": "Abuse liability and stimulant properties of dextromethorphan and diphenhydramine combinations in rats. Psychopharmacology, 172(3), 277–282.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-003-1650-4" }, { "author": "Josie Kins", "title": "The DXM and DPH combination, broken down and described", "url": "https://disregardeverythingisay.com/post/39670297758/the-dxm-and-dph-combination-broken-down-and" }, { "author": "Lessard, E., Yessine, M. A., Hamelin, B. A., Gauvin, C., Labbé, L., O’Hara, G., LeBlanc, J., & Turgeon, J. (2001)", "title": "Diphenhydramine alters the disposition of venlafaxine through inhibition of CYP2D6 activity in humans. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 21(2), 175–184.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/00004714-200104000-00009" }, { "author": "Psychonaut Wiki", "title": "DXM & DPH", "url": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/DXM_%26_DPH" }, { "author": "Romanelli, F., & Smith, K. M. (2009)", "title": "Dextromethorphan abuse: Clinical effects and management. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 49(2), e20–e27.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2009.08091" }, { "author": "Schwartz, A. R., Pizon, A. F., & Brooks, D. E. (2008)", "title": "Dextromethorphan-induced serotonin syndrome. Clinical Toxicology, 46(8), 771–773.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650701668625" }, { "author": "The Salvia Shaman. (2025)", "title": "Delirium Visions and Teleportation: An Experience with DXM & Diphenhydramine (exp113902). Erowid.org.", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=113902" }, { "author": "u/syrup_ben_goed (n.d.)", "title": "The \"right way\" to do DXM + DPH combo, from an experienced user", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/Drugs/comments/ajlupr/the_right_way_to_do_dxm_dph_comb" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "dmt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "dox": { "note": "The DOx class as psychedelic stimulants have the potential to mask the effects of DXM and could lead to redosing to an unsafe level. DXM can also potentiate DOx resulting in an unpleasantly intense experience.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "ghb/gbl": { "note": "Both substances cause ataxia and bring a risk of vomiting and unconsciousness. If the individual falls unconscious while under the influence there is a severe risk of vomit aspiration if they are not placed in the recovery position. This combination is hard to predict", "status": "Dangerous" }, "ketamine": { "note": "Both substances primarily exert their effects through NMDA antagonism. Currently, there is no evidence regarding mechanisms that might reduce these effects.", "sources": [ { "author": "Jeanna M. Marraffa", "title": "Dextromethorphan", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-824315-2.00127-5" }, { "author": "Georges Mion, Thierry Villevieille", "title": "Ketamine Pharmacology: An Update (Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Aspects, Recent Findings)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/cns.12099" }, { "author": "P. Klepstad, P. C. Borchgrevink", "title": "Four years' treatment with ketamine and a trial of dextromethorphan in a patient with severe post-herpetic neuralgia", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-6576.1997.tb04709.x" }, { "author": "Stephen M. Stahl", "title": "Mechanism of action of dextromethorphan/quinidine: comparison with ketamine", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S109285291300062X" }, { "author": "A M Hughes,1 J Rhodes,1 G Fisher,2 M Sellers,3 and J W Growcott1", "title": "Assessment of the effect of dextromethorphan and ketamine on the acute nociceptive threshold and wind-up of the second pain response in healthy male volunteers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2125.2002.01602.x" }, { "author": "Keiji Tabuchi, MD, Zenya Ito, MD, Shigeki Tsuji, MD, Akira Hara, MD, Tetsuro Wada, MD, Jun Kusakari, MD", "title": "Effect of Ketamine, Dextromethorphan, and MK-801 on Cochlear Dysfunction Induced by Transient Ischemia", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/000348940211100107" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "lithium": { "note": "There is a risk of serotonin syndrome when combining Lithium with DXM.", "sources": [ { "author": "Lenox, R. H., & Hahn, C. G.", "title": "Overview of the mechanism of action of lithium in the brain: fifty-year update (2000)", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10826655/" }, { "author": "Shahani, L.", "title": "Venlafaxine Augmentation With Lithium Leading to Serotonin Syndrome (2012)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.11080196" }, { "author": "DeBattista, C., Sofuoglu, M., & Schatzberg, A. F.", "title": "Serotonergic synergism: the risks and benefits of combining the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors with other serotonergic drugs (1998)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00161-9" }, { "author": "Massot, O.", "title": "5-HT1B Receptors: A Novel Target for Lithium: Possible Involvement in Mood Disorders (1999)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00042-1" }, { "author": "Navarro, A., Perry, C., & Bobo, W. V.", "title": "A case of serotonin syndrome precipitated by abuse of the anticough remedy dextromethorphan in a bipolar patient treated with fluoxetine and lithium. (2006)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2005.06.008" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "lsd": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "maois": { "note": "High risk of serotonin syndrome", "status": "Dangerous" }, "mdma": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "mephedrone": { "note": "Risk of serotonin syndrome as both drugs raise serotonin levels. In addition to concerns of high blood pressure and unnecessary strain on the heart. As well as potentially causing anxiety and greater physical discomfort due to the combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "J Kehr, F Ichinose, S Yoshitake, M Goiny, T Sievertsson, F Nyberg, T Yoshitake", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Gregory C. Hadlock, Katy M. Webb, Lisa M. McFadden, Pei Wen Chu, Jonathan D. Ellis, Scott C. Allen, David M. Andrenyak, Paula L. Vieira-Brock, Christopher L. German, Kevin M. Conrad, Amanda J. Hoonakker, James W. Gibb, Diana G. Wilkins, Glen R. Hanson and Annette E. Fleckenstein", "title": "4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone): Neuropharmacological Effects of a Designer Stimulant of Abuse", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.111.184119 " }, { "author": "Anna R. Schwartz, Anthony F. Pizon & Daniel E. Brooks", "title": "Dextromethorphan-induced serotonin syndrome", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650701668625" }, { "author": "DrugBank", "title": "Dextromethorphan", "url": "https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00514" }, { "author": "Henderson MG, Fuller RW", "title": "Dextromethorphan antagonizes the acute depletion of brain serotonin by p-chloroamphetamine and H75/12 in rats", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(92)91144-4" }, { "author": "Reissig CJ, Carter LP, Johnson MW, Mintzer MZ, Klinedinst MA, Griffiths RR", "title": "High doses of dextromethorphan, an NMDA antagonist, produce effects similar to classic hallucinogens ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-012-2680-6" }, { "author": "Meng H, Cao J, Kang J, Ying X, Ji J, Reynolds W, Rampe D.", "title": "Mephedrone, a new designer drug of abuse, produces acute hemodynamic effects in the rat ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.010" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "mescaline": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mushrooms": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mxe": { "note": "There is a risk of serotonin syndrome when combining DXM with MXE, due to DXM and MXE both being SRI’s. MXE and DXM having notable affinities for the serotonin transporter.", "sources": [ { "author": "Bryan L. Roth, Simon Gibbons, Warunya Arunotayanun, Xi-Ping Huang, Vincent Setola, Ric Treble, Les Iversen", "title": "The Ketamine Analogue Methoxetamine and 3- and 4-Methoxy Analogues of Phencyclidine Are High Affinity and Selective Ligands for the Glutamate NMDA Receptor", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059334" }, { "author": "Matteo Marti, Giuseppe Talani, Cristina Miliano, Sabrine Bilel, Francesca Biggio, Jessica Bratzu, Marco Diana, Maria Antonietta De Luca, Liana Fattore", "title": "New insights into methoxetamine mechanisms of action: Focus on serotonergic 5-HT2 receptors in pharmacological and behavioral effects in the rat ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113836" }, { "author": "Laura Hondebrink, Emma E.J. Kasteel, Anke M. Tukker, Fiona M.J. Wijnolts, Anouk H.A. Verboven, Remco H.S. Westerink", "title": "Neuropharmacological characterization of the new psychoactive substance methoxetamine", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.04.035" }, { "author": "Linda L. Werling, Ashleigh Keller, Julie G. Frank, Samer J. Nuwayhid", "title": "A comparison of the binding profiles of dextromethorphan, memantine, fluoxetine and amitriptyline: Treatment of involuntary emotional expression disorder", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.06.013" }, { "author": "Linda Nguyen, Kelan L. Thomas, Brandon P. Lucke-Wold, John Z. Cavendish, Molly S. Crowe, Rae R. Matsumoto", "title": "Dextromethorphan: An update on its utility for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.01.016" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "nbomes": { "status": "Unsafe" }, "nitrous": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "opioids": { "note": "CNS depression, difficult breathing, heart issues, hepatoxic, just very unsafe combination all around. Additionally if one takes DXM, their tolerance of opiates goes down slightly, thus causing additional synergistic effects.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "pcp": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "pregabalin": { "note": "Pregabalin and DXM may increase each other’s effects such as inhibition, dizziness, sedation. At higher doses this can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness. Both drugs have seizure concerns which is greatly increased in combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N. A., & Livingston, J. H. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti-epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Journey, J. D., Agrawal, S., & Stern, E. (2025)", "title": "Dextromethorphan Toxicity. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538502/" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Oh, S., Agrawal, S., Sabir, S., & Taylor, A. (2025)", "title": "Dextromethorphan. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538216/" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "ssris": { "note": "High risk of serotonin syndrome.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "tramadol": { "status": "Dangerous" } }, "dose_note": " NOTE: See http://dxm.tripsit.me for mg/weight doses, among other things. Deaths have been reported at 25mg/kg", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "2.5-7.5mg/kg", "Heavy": "15-20mg/kg", "Light": "1.5-2.5mg/kg", "Strong": "7.5-15mg/kg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_DXM.shtml" }, "name": "dextromethorphan", "pretty_name": "Dextromethorphan", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "dxm", "robo", "syrup", "robotussin", "dex", "robitussin", "DM" ], "calculator": "http://dxm.tripsit.me", "categories": [ "dissociative", "habit-forming", "common" ], "chart": "http://taimapedia.org/images/4/46/DXMDosingChart.png", "dose": "Oral First-Plateau: 1.5-2.5mg/kg Second-Plateau: 2.5-7.5mg/kg Third-Plateau: 7.5-15mg/kg Fourth: 15-20mg/kg | NOTE: See http://dxm.tripsit.me for mg/lb doses, among other things. Deaths have been reported at 25mg/kg", "duration": "6-8 hours", "onset": "20-60 minutes", "summary": "Commonly found in certain over the counter cough medicines. Has dissociative effects similar to ketamine or MXE, though also shares properties with opioids and alcohol. It is recommended to dose DXM through direct ingestion of the drug, without other active ingrediants such as guaifenesin or doxylamine." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Auditory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_suppression", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Consciousness disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Consciousness_disconnection", "Cough suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cough_suppression", "Creativity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Creativity_enhancement", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Depersonalization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depersonalization", "Derealization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Derealization", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Double vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision", "Environmental cubism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_cubism", "Environmental orbism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_orbism", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Frame rate suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frame_rate_suppression", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Pattern recognition suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_suppression", "Perception of decreased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_decreased_weight", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Perspective distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_distortions", "Physical autonomy": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_autonomy", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Tactile disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_disconnection", "Tactile suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_suppression", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Visual disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_disconnection", "Visual sliding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_sliding" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Dextromethorphan and its metabolite dextrorphan block alpha3beta4 neuronal nicotinic receptors. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10869398", "Dextromethorphan potentiates the antinociceptive effects of morphine and the delta-opioid agonist SNC80 in squirrel monkeys. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11805202", "Dextromethorphan psychosis, dependence and physical withdrawal. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16318953", "Evaluation the effects of dextromethorphan and midazolam on morphine induced tolerance and dependence in mice. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18819620", "Dextromethorphan as a potential rapid-acting antidepressant. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21367535", "The treatment of heroin addicts with dextromethorphan: a double-blind comparison of dextromethorphan with chlorpromazine. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2187002", "High doses of dextromethorphan, an NMDA antagonist, produce effects similar to classic hallucinogens. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22526529", "Lack of efficacy of dextromethorphan in managing alcohol withdrawal: a preliminary report of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24346753" ] } }, "dextropropoxyphene": { "aliases": [ "darvocet", "co-proxamol", "coproxamol", "capadex", "di-gesic" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "65-100mg", "Light": "30-65mg", "Strong": "100-200mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-3" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-30" }, "name": "dextropropoxyphene", "pretty_name": "Dextropropoxyphene", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "darvocet", "co-proxamol", "coproxamol", "capadex", "di-gesic" ], "avoid": "All CNS depressants. And all together if you have a history of issues with your Kidneys, Liver, Heart and any Respiratory Disorders.", "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 30-65mg Common: 65-100mg Strong: 100-200mg NOTE: It was taken off the market in some countries due to issues relating to the Kidney, Liver, Heart and Respiratory Disorders.", "duration": "1-3 hours.", "onset": "20-30 minutes.", "summary": "An opioid analgesic that is an optical isomer of levopropoxyphene. Used to treat mild pain and often used for its antitussive properties. It has been taken off the market in Europe and theUS due to concerns of health issues relating to the Kidney, Liver, Heart and Respiratory Disorders. Just a bit stronger than Tramadol." } }, "diazepam": { "aliases": [ "valium" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-120" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-15mg", "Heavy": "15-30mg.", "Light": "2.5-5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "10-24" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Memory loss", "Blackout potential", "Motor skill impairment", "Dizziness", "Depression", "Irritability", "Aggression", "Rage", "Personality changes", "Drowsiness", "Appetite fluctuation", "Euphoria", "Relaxation", "Anxiety suppression", "Muscle relaxation", "Emotional and social dissociation or de-realization (normally seen with long term use)" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "diazepam", "pretty_name": "Diazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-120 hours.", "aliases": [ "valium" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants", "bioavailability": "Oral 85-100%", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose": "Light: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-15mg Heavy: 15-30mg.", "dose_to_diazepam": "Diazepam - 10mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "10-24 hours.", "effects": "Memory loss, Blackout potential, Motor skill impairment, Dizziness, Depression, Irritability, Aggression, Rage, Personality changes, Drowsiness, Appetite fluctuation, Euphoria, Relaxation, Anxiety suppression, Muscle relaxation, Emotional and social dissociation or de-realization (normally seen with long term use).", "onset": "30-90 minutes.", "summary": "A very common and widely prescribed benzodiazepine with hypnotic and sedative qualities. The metre by which other benzodiazepines are compared. May cause amnesia and lowered inhibitions in excess. Has a relatively long half-life in comparison with other benzodiazepines." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Seizure suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Seizure_suppression", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Alcohol and benzodiazepines in fatal poisonings. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12170103", "NMDA receptor antagonists potently suppress the spontaneous withdrawal signs induced by discontinuation of long-term diazepam treatment in Fischer ... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9593834", "Dual intoxication with diazepam and amphetamine: this drug interaction probably potentiates myocardial ischemia. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17320309", "Effect of omeprazole and cimetidine on plasma diazepam levels. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2276389", "Bioavailability of intranasal vs. rectal diazepam. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22981338", "Dosing feasibility and tolerability of intranasal diazepam in adults with epilepsy. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25154625" ] } }, "dibutylone": { "categories": [ "inactive" ], "name": "dibutylone", "pretty_name": "Dibutylone", "properties": { "categories": [ "inactive" ], "summary": "Reports indicate the drug is inactive" } }, "diclazepam": { "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg", "Light": "0.25-1mg", "Strong": "2mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Diclazepam.shtml" }, "name": "diclazepam", "pretty_name": "Diclazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 0.25-1mg Common: 1-2mg's Strong: 2mg+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Diclazepam - 1mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "8-12 hours (~42 hour half-life)", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "15-90 minutes.", "summary": "A benzodiazepine drug and analogue of diazepam first synthesised by Leo Sternbach at Hoffman-LaRoche in 1960. It has become prominent as an RC benzodiazepine on the grey market in recent years, particularly with the decline in etizolam availability. A sedative and hypnotic it is of intermediate to long half-life with similar effects to diazepam, though it is 10x more potent." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" } }, "diclofensine": { "aliases": [ "ro8-4650" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: These doses are tentative and it is recommended to do further research.", "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "40-60mg", "Heavy": "60-80mg", "Light": "30-40mg", "Threshold": "12-15mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "name": "diclofensine", "pretty_name": "Diclofensine", "properties": { "aliases": [ "ro8-4650" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Threshold: 12-15mg Low: 30-40mg Common: 40-60mg Heavy: 60-80mg | NOTE: These doses are tentative and it is recommended to do further research.", "duration": "4-6 hours", "summary": "A triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor developed by Hoffman-LaRoche in the 1970s as an antidepressant but discontinued. It is suspected that it was discontinued due to high abuse potential. Acts as an SNDRI, the drug mainly inhibits dopamine and noradrenaline." } }, "diethyl-ether": { "aliases": [ "ether" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose_note": "Rapid onset and short duration.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Ether.shtml" }, "name": "diethyl-ether", "pretty_name": "Diethyl ether", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours | NOTE: The smell from the Diethyl ether will linger on the individual for days afterwards.", "aliases": [ "ether" ], "avoid": "Avoid CNS depressants and smoking.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "duration": "Short.", "obtain": "Air.", "onset": "Rapid", "summary": "An industrial solvent which is sometimes used recreationally as a dissociative anaesthetic. It has a short length of action. Effects are similar to alcohol. Leaves one's breath tasting and smelling strongly of Diethyl ether for much longer than the experience lasts." } }, "dihydrocodeine": { "aliases": [ "dhc" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: It is recommended to cold water extract the dihydrocodeine out if the pills are in combination with other substances", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-150mg", "Heavy": "150-200mg+", "Light": "50-100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-45" }, "name": "dihydrocodeine", "pretty_name": "Dihydrocodeine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "dhc" ], "bioavailability": "Oral 20%", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-150mg Heavy: 150-200mg+ | NOTE: It is recommended to cold water extract the dihydrocodeine out if the pills are in combination with other substances", "duration": "3-4 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "30-45 minutes.", "summary": "A weak semi-synthetic opioid analgesic and antitussive (anti-cough) drug. Often sold as a syrup in combination with aspirin or paracetamol. Not to be confused with the slightly less potent codeine." }, "pweffects": { "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Constipation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Constipation", "Cough suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cough_suppression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Itchiness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Itchiness", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil constriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_constriction", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation" } }, "dimemebfe": { "aliases": [ "5-meo-bfe" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "psychedelic", "empathogen", "tentative" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-75mg", "Light": "25-50mg", "Strong": "75-125mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-40" }, "name": "dimemebfe", "pretty_name": "Dimemebfe", "properties": { "aliases": [ "5-meo-bfe" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "psychedelic", "empathogen", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 25-50mg Common: 50-75mg Strong: 75-125mg.", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "onset": "10-40 minutes.", "summary": "Related in structure to 5-MeO-DMT, yet much less potent. Described as feeling somewhat similar to psilocybin mushrooms, with some additional empathogenic effects." } }, "dimethocaine": { "aliases": [ "DMC", "CMD", "Larocaine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " Note: Dimethocaine shows strong inter-individual variability due to NAT2 polymorphism. Redosing and high doses substantially increase cardiovascular and tissue toxicity risk.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "30-50mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1.5-3" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Stimulation", "Euphoria", "Increased alertness", "Local numbness", "Increased confidence", "Tachycardia (increased heart rate)", "Vasoconstriction", "Increased blood pressure", "Anxiety", "Jaw tension", "Insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "2-10" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Dimethocaine.shtml" }, "name": "dimethocaine", "pretty_name": "Dimethocaine", "properties": { "after-effects": "Insufflated: 1-6 hours. | Note: After-effects commonly include fatigue, headache, nasal irritation, and residual cardiovascular strain.", "aliases": [ "DMC", "CMD", "Larocaine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Insufflated Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-50mg. | Note: Local anesthesia can mask tissue damage; repeated dosing increases cardiotoxic risk.", "duration": "Insufflated: 1.5-3 hours. | NOTE: Duration varies significantly depending on metabolism, purity, and tolerance.", "effects": "Stimulation, Euphoria, Increased alertness, Local numbness, Increased confidence, Tachycardia, Vasoconstriction, Increased blood pressure, Anxiety, Jaw tension, Insomnia.", "onset": "Insufflated: 2-10 minutes | NOTE: Rapid onset due to nasal absorption and local anesthetic properties.", "summary": "Dimethocaine is a synthetic cocaine-derived local anesthetic with stimulant properties. It acts primarily as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor and voltage-gated sodium channel blocker, producing cocaine-like but generally less intense effects. Despite being perceived as milder, it carries substantial cardiovascular and tissue toxicity risks. Metabolism is dominated by NAT2-mediated N-acetylation, with additional contributions from multiple cytochrome P450 enzymes, resulting in significant inter-individual variability and elevated risk for slow acetylators." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Wikipedia contributors. Dimethocaine. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimethocaine", "Lindauer C. Toxicokinetics of Emerging Drugs of Abuse: In vivo and in vitro studies on the metabolic fate of the cocaine-derived designer drug dimethocaine. Universität des Saarlandes, 2014. https://jahrbib.sulb.uni-saarland.de/bitstream/20.500.11880/21949/1/Dissertation_Lindauer_Dimethocaine_final_hhm.pdf", "Meyer MR, Lindauer C, Maurer HH. Dimethocaine, a synthetic cocaine derivative: Studies on its in vitro metabolism catalyzed by P450s and NAT2. Toxicology Letters. 2014;225(1):139–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.11.033" ] } }, "dimethylone": { "categories": [ "inactive" ], "name": "dimethylone", "pretty_name": "Dimethylone", "properties": { "categories": [ "inactive" ], "summary": "Inactive." } }, "diphenhydramine": { "aliases": [ "diphenhydramine", "dph", "benadryl" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "deliriant", "common" ], "combos": { "alcohol": { "note": "The two substances potentiate each other strongly and unpredictably, and may rapidly lead to unconsciousness. They both increase each other's side effects such as ataxia, sedation, and CNS depression. Blackouts and memory loss are significantly increased. If the user falls unconscious while under the influence there is a severe risk of vomit aspiration if they are not placed in the recovery position. Alcohol may also increase the deliriant effects of diphenhydramine. It should also be noted if the individual consuming alcohol typically has a flushing response to alcohol, diphenhydramine may reduce the reaction and mask some of the effects of the alcohol.", "sources": [ { "author": "ScienceDirect", "title": "Diphenhydramine - an overview (2024)", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/diphenhydramine" }, { "author": "ScienceDirect", "title": "Ethanol - an overview (2024)", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/ethanol" }, { "author": "Miller, N. S., Goodwin, D. W., Jones, F. C., Gabrielli, W. F., Pardo, M. P., Anand, M. M., & Hall, T. B.", "title": "Antihistamine blockade of alcohol-induced flushing in orientals. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 49(1), 16-20 (1988)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.1988.49.16" }, { "author": "Sicari, V., & Zabbo, C. P.", "title": "Diphenhydramine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing (2024)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/" }, { "author": "Weathermon, R., & Crabb, D. W.", "title": "Alcohol and Medication Interactions. Alcohol Research & Health, 23(1), 40-54 (1999)", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6761694/" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "Amphetamines as a stimulant may mask some of the negative side effects of DPH, leading to delusions of sobriety which has additional concern in states of delirium. The combination of stimulants will increase strain on the heart and may cause some physical discomfort, and has the chance to cause life-threatening cardiovascular issues. The combination may also increase each other's neurotoxicity at higher dosages. The combination may increase anxiety levels and risks of thought loops on higher dosages, in addition to increasing each others negative side effects. Medical and common dosages of each substances are reported to not be a concern. Additionally, it is suggested that DPH potentiates amphetamine psychomotor activation, in addition to other interactions such as potentiation through inhibition of CYP2D6 and histamine H1 and H2 receptors, among other alterations.", "sources": [ { "author": "Berman, S. M.; Kuczenski, R.; McCracken, J. T.; London, E. D.", "title": "Potential adverse effects of amphetamine treatment on brain and behavior: a review. Molecular Psychiatry, 14(2), 123–142 (2009)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2008.90" }, { "author": "Clark, J. H.; Meltzer, E. O.; Naclerio, R. M.", "title": "Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye. World Allergy Organization Journal, 18(2), 101027 (2025)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027" }, { "author": "Martin, D.; Le, J. K.", "title": "Amphetamine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing (2025)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556103/" }, { "author": "McAtee, K. J.; Brillhart, D.; Barbuto, A. F.; Hiller, H. M.", "title": "Wide complex tachycardia secondary to massive diphenhydramine overdose: a case report. Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, 6 (2022)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.21037/jeccm-21-33" }, { "author": "Mohs, R. C.; Tinklenberg, J. R.; Roth, W. T.; Kopell, B. S.", "title": "Methamphetamine and diphenhydramine effects on the rate of cognitive processing. Psychopharmacology (1978)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00428024" }, { "author": "Okuda, T.; Ito, Y.; Nakagawa, N.; Hishinuma, T.; Tsukamoto, H.; Iwabuchi, K.; Watanabe, T.; Kitaichi, K.; Goto, J.; Yanai, K.", "title": "Drug interaction between methamphetamine and antihistamines: behavioral changes and tissue concentrations of methamphetamine in rats. European Journal of Pharmacology, 505(1), 135–144 (2004)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.10.022" }, { "author": "Sicari, V.; Patel, P.; Zabbo, C. P.", "title": "Diphenhydramine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing (2025)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/" }, { "author": "Steinkellner, T.; Freissmuth, M.; Sitte, H. H.; Montgomery, T.", "title": "The ugly side of amphetamines: short- and long-term toxicity of MDMA, methamphetamine and d-amphetamine. Biological Chemistry, 392(0) (2011)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1515/BC.2011.016" }, { "author": "Vasan, S.; Murray, B. P.; Olango, G. J.", "title": "Amphetamine Toxicity. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing (2025)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470276/" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "benzodiazepines": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. Memory blackouts are likely. Low medical doses are unlikely to be of concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Bounds, Connor G., and Preeti Patel. (2025)", "title": "Benzodiazepines. StatPearls, StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470159/" }, { "author": "Montoro, J., et al. (2013)", "title": "H1 Antihistamines and Benzodiazepines. Pharmacological Interactions and Their Impact on Cerebral Function. Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology, 23 Suppl 1, 17–26.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24672891/" }, { "author": "Sicari, Vincent, et al. (2025)", "title": "Diphenhydramine. StatPearls, StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "caffeine": { "note": "Caffeine as a stimulant may mask some negative side effects of DPH, leading to delusions of sobriety, which has additional concerns in states of delirium. The combination of stimulants will increase strain on the heart and may cause some physical discomfort, and has the chance to cause cardiovascular issues such as complex tachycardia. The combination may increase anxiety levels and risks of thought loops at higher dosages, in addition to increasing each other's negative side effects. Medical dosages are reported to not be a concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Clark, J. H.; Meltzer, E. O.; Naclerio, R. M. (2025)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye. World Allergy Organization Journal, 18(2), 101027.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027" }, { "author": "Evans, J.; Richards, J. R.; Battisti, A. S. (2025)", "title": "Caffeine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519490/" }, { "author": "McAtee, K. J.; Brillhart, D.; Barbuto, A. F.; Hiller, H. M. (2022)", "title": "Wide complex tachycardia secondary to massive diphenhydramine overdose: a case report. Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, 6(0).", "url": "https://doi.org/10.21037/jeccm-21-33" }, { "author": "Murray, A.; Traylor, J. (2025)", "title": "Caffeine Toxicity. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532910/" }, { "author": "Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Military Nutrition Research (2001)", "title": "Pharmacology of Caffeine. In Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance: Formulations for Military Operations. National Academies Press (US).", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK223808/" }, { "author": "Sicari, V.; Patel, P.; Zabbo, C. P. (2025)", "title": "Diphenhydramine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/" }, { "author": "Tharion, W. J.; Kobrick, J. L.; Lieberman, H. R.; Fine, B. J. (1993)", "title": "Effects of caffeine and diphenhydramine on auditory evoked cortical potentials. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 76(3 Pt 1), 707–715.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1993.76.3.707" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "cocaine": { "note": "Stimulants increase respiration rate allowing for a higher dose of sedatives than normal. If cocaine wears off first, recreational dosages of DPH may overcome the individual and cause respiratory arrest. Both substances at recreational dosages strain the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications. When taken together, both substances can potentially be more reinforcing and have greater risk of methemoglobinemia when higher dosages of DPH are combined with cocaine.", "sources": [ { "author": "Alanazi, M. Q.", "title": "Drugs may be Induced Methemoglobinemia. Journal of Hematology & Thromboembolic Diseases, 06(01). (2017)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8790.1000270" }, { "author": "Banks, M. L., Andersen, M. L., Murnane, K. S., Meyer, R. C., & Howell, L. L.", "title": "Behavioral and neurochemical effects of cocaine and diphenhydramine combinations in rhesus monkeys. Psychopharmacology, 205(3), 467–474. (2009)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-009-1555-y" }, { "author": "chrisn", "title": "Diphenhydramine [Online post]. Drug-Forum. (2021)", "url": "https://drugs-forum.com/wiki/Diphenhydramine" }, { "author": "Eshmandi, M., Mohamed, A., Khalil, B., & Belhaj, A.", "title": "Methaemoglobinaemia Associated With Mixed Cocaine and Amphetamine Overdose: A Case Report. Cureus, 16(1), e51748. (2024)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.51748" }, { "author": "Karch, S. B. ", "title": "Diphenhydramine toxicity: comparisons of postmortem findings in diphenhydramine-, cocaine-, and heroin-related deaths. The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, 19(2), 143–147. (1998)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/00000433-199806000-00008" }, { "author": "Pennefather, J. N.", "title": "The effects pf cocaine and diphenhydramine upon the reactivity of rat vas deferens to supramaximal doses of noradrenaline and of other agonists: The mode of action of cocaine. European Journal of Pharmacology, 35(2), 333–339. (1976)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-2999(76)90236-3" }, { "author": "Pergolizzi, J. V., Magnusson, P., LeQuang, J. A. K., Breve, F., & Varrassi, G.", "title": "Cocaine and Cardiotoxicity: A Literature Review. Cureus, 13(4), e14594. (2021)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.14594" }, { "author": "Sicari, V., Patel, P., & Zabbo, C. P.", "title": "Diphenhydramine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. (2025)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/" }, { "author": "Tanda, G., Kopajtic, T. A., & Katz, J. L.", "title": "Cocaine-Like Neurochemical Effects of Antihistaminic Medications. Journal of Neurochemistry, 106(1), 147–157. (2008)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05361.x" }, { "author": "Wang, Z., & Woolverton, W. L.", "title": "Self-administration of cocaine-antihistamine combinations: Super-additive reinforcing effects. European Journal of Pharmacology, 557(2–3), 159–160. (2007)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.11.056" }, { "author": "Wang, Z., & Woolverton, W. L.", "title": "Super-additive interaction of the reinforcing effects of cocaine and H1-antihistamines in rhesus monkeys. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 91(4), 590–595. (2009)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2008.09.013" }, { "author": "Weichert, I.", "title": "Acute Management of Cocaine-Associated Methaemoglobinaemia. Case Reports in Medicine, 2011, 1–3. (2011)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/136396" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "dextromethorphan": { "note": "The combination is reported to reduce the side effects of each drug and potentiate many of the recreational effects. There is a significant risk of serotonin syndrome, increased delirium, CNS depression, cognitive inhibition, risk of physical injury, hyperthermia, mania, paranoia, and psychosis, especially at higher dosages. There is an additional concern of tachycardia, hypertension, and in extreme cases, heart failure. Diphenhydramine is reported to inhibit the CYP2D6 enzyme which can increase levels of DXM. Medical dosages are not reported to be a concern. Caution is strongly recommended with this combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Abdul Manap, Wright, Gregory, Rostami‐Hodjegan, Meller, Kelm, Lennard, Tucker, & Morice. (1999)", "title": "The antitussive effect of dextromethorphan in relation to CYP2D6 activity. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 48(3), 382–387.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00029.x" }, { "author": "Akutsu, T., Kobayashi, K., Sakurada, K., Ikegaya, H., Furihata, T., & Chiba, K. (2007)", "title": "Identification of human cytochrome p450 isozymes involved in diphenhydramine N-demethylation. Drug Metabolism and Disposition: The Biological Fate of Chemicals, 35(1), 72–78.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.106.012088" }, { "author": "Clark, J. H., Meltzer, E. O., & Naclerio, R. M. (2025)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye. World Allergy Organization Journal, 18(2), 101027.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027" }, { "author": "Crazy Steve. (2004)", "title": "Mind Expansion: An Experience with DXM & Diphenhydramine (exp33999). Erowid.org.", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=33999" }, { "author": "De Leon, J., & Nikoloff, D. M. (2008)", "title": "Paradoxical Excitation on Diphenhydramine May Be Associated with Being a CYP2D6 Ultrarapid Metabolizer: Three Case Reports. CNS Spectrums, 13(2), 133–135.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S109285290001628X" }, { "author": "Hamelin, B. (2000a)", "title": "Significant interaction between the nonprescription antihistamine diphenhydramine and the CYP2D6 substrate metoprolol in healthy men with high or low CYP2D6 activity. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 67(5), 466–477.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1067/mcp.2000.106464" }, { "author": "HANS. (2022)", "title": "First Overdose: An Experience with DXM & Diphenhydramine (exp116238). Erowid.org.", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=116238" }, { "author": "Jun, J. H., Thorndike, E. B., & Schindler, C. W. (2004a)", "title": "Abuse liability and stimulant properties of dextromethorphan and diphenhydramine combinations in rats. Psychopharmacology, 172(3), 277–282.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-003-1650-4" }, { "author": "Josie Kins", "title": "The DXM and DPH combination, broken down and described", "url": "https://disregardeverythingisay.com/post/39670297758/the-dxm-and-dph-combination-broken-down-and" }, { "author": "Lessard, E., Yessine, M. A., Hamelin, B. A., Gauvin, C., Labbé, L., O’Hara, G., LeBlanc, J., & Turgeon, J. (2001)", "title": "Diphenhydramine alters the disposition of venlafaxine through inhibition of CYP2D6 activity in humans. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 21(2), 175–184.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/00004714-200104000-00009" }, { "author": "Psychonaut Wiki", "title": "DXM & DPH", "url": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/DXM_%26_DPH" }, { "author": "Romanelli, F., & Smith, K. M. (2009)", "title": "Dextromethorphan abuse: Clinical effects and management. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 49(2), e20–e27.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2009.08091" }, { "author": "Schwartz, A. R., Pizon, A. F., & Brooks, D. E. (2008)", "title": "Dextromethorphan-induced serotonin syndrome. Clinical Toxicology, 46(8), 771–773.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650701668625" }, { "author": "The Salvia Shaman. (2025)", "title": "Delirium Visions and Teleportation: An Experience with DXM & Diphenhydramine (exp113902). Erowid.org.", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=113902" }, { "author": "u/syrup_ben_goed (n.d.)", "title": "The \"right way\" to do DXM + DPH combo, from an experienced user", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/Drugs/comments/ajlupr/the_right_way_to_do_dxm_dph_comb" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "dmt": { "note": "At 25-50mg, DPH may assist with side effects of the DMT such as nausea and anxiety. At higher dosages, the combination of a deliriant (DPH) and DMT is cautioned against. DMT is likely to increase the deliriant and negative effects of DPH, in addition to increasing the risk of severe injury and mental trauma.", "sources": [ { "author": "Carbonaro, T. M., & Gatch, M. B. (2016)", "title": "Neuropharmacology of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine. Brain Research Bulletin, 126(Pt 1), 74–88.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.04.016" }, { "author": "Chapy, H., Smirnova, M., André, P., Schlatter, J., Chiadmi, F., Couraud, P.-O., Scherrmann, J.-M., Declèves, X., & Cisternino, S. (2014)", "title": "Carrier-Mediated Cocaine Transport at the Blood-Brain Barrier as a Putative Mechanism in Addiction Liability. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 18(1), pyu001.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyu001" }, { "author": "Schaefer, T. S., Patel, P., & Zito, P. M. (2025)", "title": "Antiemetic Histamine H1 Receptor Blockers. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK533003/" }, { "author": "Schifano, F., Chiappini, S., Miuli, A., Mosca, A., Santovito, M. C., Corkery, J. M., Guirguis, A., Pettorruso, M., Di Giannantonio, M., & Martinotti, G. (2021)", "title": "Focus on Over-the-Counter Drugs’ Misuse: A Systematic Review on Antihistamines, Cough Medicines, and Decongestants. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 657397.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.657397" }, { "author": "Wolfson, A. R., Wong, D., Abrams, E. M., Waserman, S., & Sussman, G. L. (2022)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: Time to Move on? The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 10(12), 3124–3130.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2022.07.018" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "dox": { "note": "At 25-50mg, DPH may assist with side effects of DOx drugs such as nausea and anxiety. At higher dosages, the combination of a deliriant (DPH) and DOx drugs is cautioned against. DOx drugs are likely to increase the deliriant and negative effects of DPH, in addition to increasing the risk of severe injury and mental trauma. DOx drugs and DPH at recreational dosages have additional cardiac concerns such as vasoconstriction, tachycardia, hypertension, which in combination may be exacerbated.", "sources": [ { "author": "ScienceDirect Topics (n.d.)", "title": "2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine - an overview", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/2-5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine" }, { "author": "Barnett, R. Y., Baker, D. D., Kelly, N. E., McGuire, C. E., Fassette, T. C., & Gorniak, J. M. (2014)", "title": "A Fatal Intoxication of 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Chloroamphetamine: A Case Report. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 38(8), 589–591.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/bku087" }, { "author": "Burish, M. J., Thoren, K. L., Madou, M., Toossi, S., & Shah, M. (2015)", "title": "Hallucinogens Causing Seizures? A Case Report of the Synthetic Amphetamine 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Chloroamphetamine. The Neurohospitalist, 5(1), 32–34.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/1941874414528939" }, { "author": "Schifano, F., Chiappini, S., Miuli, A., Mosca, A., Santovito, M. C., Corkery, J. M., Guirguis, A., Pettorruso, M., Di Giannantonio, M., & Martinotti, G. (2021)", "title": "Focus on Over-the-Counter Drugs’ Misuse: A Systematic Review on Antihistamines, Cough Medicines, and Decongestants. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 657397.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.657397" }, { "author": "Trout, K., & Daley, P. F. (2024)", "title": "The origin of 2,5‐dimethoxy‐4‐methylamphetamine (DOM, STP). Drug Testing and Analysis, 16(12), 1496–1508.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.3667" }, { "author": "Wolfson, A. R., Wong, D., Abrams, E. M., Waserman, S., & Sussman, G. L. (2022)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: Time to Move on? The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 10(12), 3124–3130.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2022.07.018" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "ghb/gbl": { "note": "Both substances are CNS depressants, potentiating each other strongly and unpredictably, raising the chances of memory loss, severe ataxia, and unconsciousness. The interaction will cause greater inhibition and risk of injury. If the user falls unconscious it is strongly recommended to put them into the recovery position and monitor breathing.", "sources": [ { "author": "William J Tharion, Donna J. McMenemy, Terry M. Rauch", "title": "Antihistamine Effects on the Central Nervous System, Cognitive Performance and Subjective States. ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1159/000119069" }, { "author": "Sicari V, Zabbo CP. Diphenhydramine.", "title": "Diphenhydramine", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/" }, { "author": "Couper FJ, Marinetti LJ.", "title": "γ-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) - Effects on Human Performance and Behavior ", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26256488/" }, { "author": "Busardò FP, Jones AW.", "title": "GHB Pharmacology and Toxicology: Acute Intoxication, Concentrations in Blood and Urine in Forensic Cases and Treatment of the Withdrawal Syndrome", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2174%2F1570159X13666141210215423" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "ketamine": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. Ketamine has a high likelihood of increasing DPH's deliriant effects at higher dosages and can greatly increase the risk of injury, mania, and psychosis. Medical dosages of both substances are unlikely to cause concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Bylund, W., Delahanty, L., & Cooper, M.", "title": "The Case of Ketamine Allergy. Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine, 1(4), 323–325. (2017)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.5811/cpcem.2017.7.34405" }, { "author": "Clark, J. H., Meltzer, E. O., & Naclerio, R. M.", "title": "Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye. World Allergy Organization Journal, 18(2), 101027. (2025)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027" }, { "author": "Rosenbaum, S. B., Gupta, V., Patel, P., & Palacios, J. L.", "title": "Ketamine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. (2025)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470357/" }, { "author": "Sicari, V., Patel, P., & Zabbo, C. P.", "title": "Diphenhydramine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. (2025)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "lithium": { "note": "There is a concern of serotonin syndrome at higher dosages of this combination. Caution is recommended in restricting diphenhydramine to medical dosages (25-50mg). Lithium and diphenhydramine both have concerns of QT prolongation which may be increased when taken in combination; risks increase due to a variety of factors such as the health of the user and drug dosages. Additionally, the combination may increase each drug's side effects, such as dizziness and loss of consciousness.", "sources": [ { "author": "Clark, J. H., Meltzer, E. O., & Naclerio, R. M.", "title": "Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye. World Allergy Organization Journal, 18(2), 101027. (2025)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027" }, { "author": "Crouch, M. A., Limon, L., & Cassano, A. T.", "title": "Clinical Relevance and Management of Drug‐Related QT Interval Prolongation. Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, 23(7), 881–908. (2003)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1592/phco.23.7.881.32730" }, { "author": "Farzam, K., & Tivakaran, V. S.", "title": "QT Prolonging Drugs. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. (2025)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534864/" }, { "author": "Finley, P. R.", "title": "Drug Interactions with Lithium: An Update. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 55(8), 925–941. (2016)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40262-016-0370-y" }, { "author": "Hawley, C. J., Loughlin, P. J., Quick, S. J., Gale, T. M., Sivakumaran, T., Hayes, J., & McPhee, S.", "title": "Efficacy, safety and tolerability of combined administration of lithium and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: a review of the current evidence. International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 15(4), 197–206. (2000)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/00004850-200015040-00002" }, { "author": "Husain, Z., Hussain, K., Nair, R., & Steinman, R.", "title": "Diphenhydramine induced QT prolongation and torsade de pointes: An uncommon effect of a common drug. Cardiology Journal, 17(5), 509–511. (2010)", "url": "https://journals.viamedica.pl/cardiology_journal/article/view/21341" }, { "author": "Khan, S., Saud, S., Khan, I., Asif, M., Ismail, O., Salam, A., Yang, T. J., & Norville, K. J.", "title": "Serotonin Syndrome Presenting with Concomitant Tramadol and Diphenhydramine Use: A Case Report of an Unlikely Side-Effect. Cureus. (2018)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.2421" }, { "author": "Massot, O., Rousselle, J.-C., Fillion, M.-P., Januel, D., Plantefol, M., & Fillion, G.", "title": "5-HT1B Receptors: A Novel Target for Lithium: Possible Involvement in Mood Disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology, 21(4), 530–541. (1999)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00042-1" }, { "author": "Mehta, N., & Vannozzi, R.", "title": "Lithium‐induced electrocardiographic changes: A complete review. Clinical Cardiology, 40(12), 1363–1367. (2017)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/clc.22822" }, { "author": "Müller-Oerlinghausen, B.", "title": "Drug Interactions with Lithium: A Guide for Clinicians. CNS Drugs, 11(1), 41–48. (1999)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2165/00023210-199911010-00004" }, { "author": "Rosenberg, A. E., Wang, R., & Rosenberg, M. H.", "title": "Serotonin Syndrome Associated With High-dose Diphenhydramine Use Complicating Abdominoplasty and Mastopexy. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open, 13(3), e6634. (2025)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000006634" }, { "author": "Truedson, P., Ott, M., Lindmark, K., Ström, M., Maripuu, M., Lundqvist, R., & Werneke, U.", "title": "Effects of Toxic Lithium Levels on ECG—Findings from the LiSIE Retrospective Cohort Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(19), 5941. (2022)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195941" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "lsd": { "note": "At 25-50mg, DPH may assist with side effects of the LSD such as nausea and anxiety. At higher dosages, the combination of a deliriant (DPH) and LSD is cautioned against. LSD is likely to increase the deliriant and negative effects of DPH, in addition to increasing the risk of severe injury and mental trauma. LSD and DPH at recreational dosages have additional cardiac concerns such as vasoconstriction, tachycardia, hypertension, which in combination may be exacerbated.", "sources": [ { "author": "Marraffa, J. M. (2014)", "title": "Drugs of Abuse. In Encyclopedia of Toxicology (pp. 248–251). Elsevier.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386454-3.00684-9" }, { "author": "Passie, T., Halpern, J. H., Stichtenoth, D. O., Emrich, H. M., & Hintzen, A. (2008)", "title": "The Pharmacology of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: A Review. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 14(4), 295–314.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-5949.2008.00059.x" }, { "author": "Schaefer, T. S., Patel, P., & Zito, P. M. (2025)", "title": "Antiemetic Histamine H1 Receptor Blockers. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK533003/" }, { "author": "Schifano, F., Chiappini, S., Miuli, A., Mosca, A., Santovito, M. C., Corkery, J. M., Guirguis, A., Pettorruso, M., Di Giannantonio, M., & Martinotti, G. (2021)", "title": "Focus on Over-the-Counter Drugs’ Misuse: A Systematic Review on Antihistamines, Cough Medicines, and Decongestants. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 657397.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.657397" }, { "author": "The drugs of misuse. (2009)", "title": "In Auricular Acupuncture & Addiction (pp. 93–135). Elsevier.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-06885-0.50018-5" }, { "author": "Wolfson, A. R., Wong, D., Abrams, E. M., Waserman, S., & Sussman, G. L. (2022)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: Time to Move on? The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 10(12), 3124–3130.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2022.07.018" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "maois": { "note": "There is a significant risk of serotonin syndrome with this combination. Monoamine oxidase A inhibitors may extend and increase the anticholinergic effects of DPH. The combination increases each other’s side effects, such as drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, and headaches. Medical dosages are not reported to be of concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Adawi Awdish, R. L., Whitmill, M., Coba, V., & Killu, K. (2008)", "title": "Serotonin Reuptake Inhibition by Diphenhydramine and concomitant Linezolid use can result in Serotonin Syndrome Chest, 134(4), 4C.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.134.4_MeetingAbstracts.c4002" }, { "author": "Clark, J. H., Meltzer, E. O., & Naclerio, R. M. (2025)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye. The World Allergy Organization Journal, 18(2), 101027.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027" }, { "author": "Edinoff, A. N., Swinford, C. R., Odisho, A. S., Burroughs, C. R., Stark, C. W., Raslan, W. A., Cornett, E. M., Kaye, A. M., & Kaye, A. D. (n.d.)", "title": "Clinically Relevant Drug Interactions with Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. Health Psychology Research, 10(4), 39576.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.52965/001c.39576" }, { "author": "Gillman, P. K. (2005)", "title": "Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, opioid analgesics and serotonin toxicity. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 95(4), 434–441.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aei210" }, { "author": "Khan, S., Saud, S., Khan, I., Asif, M., Ismail, O., Salam, A., Yang, T. J., & Norville, K. J. (2018)", "title": "Serotonin Syndrome Presenting with Concomitant Tramadol and Diphenhydramine Use: A Case Report of an Unlikely Side-Effect. Cureus.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.2421" }, { "author": "López-Álvarez, J., Sevilla-Llewellyn-Jones, J., & Agüera-Ortiz, L. (2019)", "title": "Anticholinergic Drugs in Geriatric Psychopharmacology. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 13, 1309.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.01309" }, { "author": "Sub Laban, T., & Saadabadi, A. (2025)", "title": "Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI). In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539848/" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "mephedrone": { "note": "There is a high risk of serotonin syndrome at recreational dosages. Both can dull each other's effects, so if one wears off before the other it's possible to overdose due to the lack of counteraction. Medical dosages are reported not to be a concern for the general population. Both substances affect the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications at higher dosages. The combination may increase each other's side effects, such as dizziness and drowsiness. At higher dosages, the combination may increase each other's side effects, such as delirium, mania, and psychosis.", "sources": [ { "author": "Clark, J. H., Meltzer, E. O., & Naclerio, R. M.", "title": "Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye. World Allergy Organization Journal, 18(2), 101027 (2025)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027" }, { "author": "Ener, R. A., Meglathery, S. B., Decker, W. A. V., & Gallagher, R. M.", "title": "Serotonin Syndrome and Other Serotonergic Disorders: Table 1. Pain Medicine, 4(1), 63-74 (2003)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4637.2003.03005.x" }, { "author": "Hadlock, G. C., Webb, K. M., McFadden, L. M., Chu, P. W., Ellis, J. D., Allen, S. C., Andrenyak, D. M., Vieira-Brock, P. L., German, C. L., Conrad, K. M., Hoonakker, A. J., Gibb, J. W., Wilkins, D. G., Hanson, G. R., & Fleckenstein, A. E.", "title": "4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone): Neuropharmacological Effects of a Designer Stimulant of Abuse. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 339(2), 530-536 (2011)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.111.184119" }, { "author": "Kehr, J., Ichinose, F., Yoshitake, S., Goiny, M., Sievertsson, T., Nyberg, F., & Yoshitake, T.", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats: Mephedrone increases both DA and 5-HT in rat brain. British Journal of Pharmacology, 164(8), 1949-1958 (2011)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Meng, H., Cao, J., Kang, J., Ying, X., Ji, J., Reynolds, W., & Rampe, D.", "title": "Mephedrone, a new designer drug of abuse, produces acute hemodynamic effects in the rat. Toxicology Letters, 208(1), 62-68 (2012)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.010" }, { "author": "Varghese, E., Abate, M. A., Hu, L., Kaplan, J., Kraner, J., Long, D. L., Sorg, M., Mock, A., Greenwald, M., & Andrew, T.", "title": "Characterization of Diphenhydramine-Related Accidental Overdose Deaths. Academic Forensic Pathology, 5(1), 105-115 (2015)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.23907/2015.011" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "mescaline": { "note": "At 25-50mg, DPH may assist with side effects of the mescaline such as nausea and anxiety. At higher dosages, the combination of a deliriant (DPH) and mescaline is cautioned against. Mescaline is likely to increase the deliriant and negative effects of DPH, in addition to increasing the risk of severe injury and mental trauma.", "sources": [ { "author": "Dinis-Oliveira, R. J., Pereira, C. L., & Dias da Silva, D. (2019)", "title": "Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Aspects of Peyote and Mescaline: Clinical and Forensic Repercussions. Current Molecular Pharmacology, 12(3), 184–194.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2174/1874467211666181010154139" }, { "author": "ScienceDirect Topics. (n.d.)", "title": "Mescaline - an overview.", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/mescaline" }, { "author": "Schaefer, T. S., Patel, P., & Zito, P. M. (2025)", "title": "Antiemetic Histamine H1 Receptor Blockers. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK533003/" }, { "author": "Schifano, F., Chiappini, S., Miuli, A., Mosca, A., Santovito, M. C., Corkery, J. M., Guirguis, A., Pettorruso, M., Di Giannantonio, M., & Martinotti, G. (2021)", "title": "Focus on Over-the-Counter Drugs’ Misuse: A Systematic Review on Antihistamines, Cough Medicines, and Decongestants. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 657397.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.657397" }, { "author": "Vamvakopoulou, I. A., Narine, K. A. D., Campbell, I., Dyck, J. R. B., & Nutt, D. J. (2023)", "title": "Mescaline: The forgotten psychedelic. Neuropharmacology, 222, 109294.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109294" }, { "author": "Wolfson, A. R., Wong, D., Abrams, E. M., Waserman, S., & Sussman, G. L. (2022)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: Time to Move on? The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 10(12), 3124–3130.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2022.07.018" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "mushrooms": { "note": "At 25-50mg, DPH may assist with side effects of the psilocybin such as nausea and anxiety. At higher dosages, the combination of a deliriant (DPH) and psilocybin is cautioned against. Psilocybin is likely to increase the deliriant and negative effects of DPH, in addition to increasing the risk of severe injury and mental trauma.", "sources": [ { "author": "Goel, D. B., & Zilate, S. (2022)", "title": "Potential Therapeutic Effects of Psilocybin: A Systematic Review. Cureus, 14(10), e30214.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.30214" }, { "author": "Passie, T., Seifert, J., Schneider, U., & Emrich, H. M. (2002)", "title": "The pharmacology of psilocybin. Addiction Biology, 7(4), 357–364.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/1355621021000005937" }, { "author": "Schaefer, T. S., Patel, P., & Zito, P. M. (2025)", "title": "Antiemetic Histamine H1 Receptor Blockers. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK533003/" }, { "author": "Schifano, F., Chiappini, S., Miuli, A., Mosca, A., Santovito, M. C., Corkery, J. M., Guirguis, A., Pettorruso, M., Di Giannantonio, M., & Martinotti, G. (2021)", "title": "Focus on Over-the-Counter Drugs’ Misuse: A Systematic Review on Antihistamines, Cough Medicines, and Decongestants. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.657397" }, { "author": "Wolfson, A. R., Wong, D., Abrams, E. M., Waserman, S., & Sussman, G. L. (2022)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: Time to Move on? The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 10(12), 3124–3130.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2022.07.018" }, { "author": "Yerubandi, A., Thomas, J. E., Bhuiya, N. M. M. A., Harrington, C., Villa Zapata, L., & Caballero, J. (2024)", "title": "Acute Adverse Effects of Therapeutic Doses of Psilocybin. JAMA Network Open, 7(4), e245960.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.5960" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "mxe": { "note": "There is a high risk of serotonin syndrome from this combination. Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. MXE has a high likelihood of increasing DPH's deliriant effects at higher dosages and can greatly increase the risk of injury, mania, and psychosis. Medical dosages are unlikely to be of concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Clark, J. H., Meltzer, E. O., & Naclerio, R. M. (2025)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye. World Allergy Organization Journal, 18(2), 101027.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027" }, { "author": "Ener, R. A., Meglathery, S. B., Decker, W. A. V., & Gallagher, R. M. (2003)", "title": "Serotonin Syndrome and Other Serotonergic Disorders: Table 1. Pain Medicine, 4(1), 63–74.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4637.2003.03005.x" }, { "author": "Marti, M., Talani, G., Miliano, C., Bilel, S., Biggio, F., Bratzu, J., Diana, M., De Luca, M. A., & Fattore, L. (2021)", "title": "New insights into methoxetamine mechanisms of action: Focus on serotonergic 5-HT2 receptors in pharmacological and behavioral effects in the rat. Experimental Neurology, 345, 113836.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113836" }, { "author": "Roth, B. L., Gibbons, S., Arunotayanun, W., Huang, X.-P., Setola, V., Treble, R., & Iversen, L. (2013)", "title": "The Ketamine Analogue Methoxetamine and 3- and 4-Methoxy Analogues of Phencyclidine Are High Affinity and Selective Ligands for the Glutamate NMDA Receptor. PLoS ONE, 8(3), e59334.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059334" }, { "author": "Varghese, E., Abate, M. A., Hu, L., Kaplan, J., Kraner, J., Long, D. L., Sorg, M., Mock, A., Greenwald, M., & Andrew, T. (2015)", "title": "Characterization of Diphenhydramine-Related Accidental Overdose Deaths. Academic Forensic Pathology, 5(1), 105–115.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.23907/2015.011" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "nbomes": { "note": "At 25-50mg, DPH may assist with side effects of the NBOMe drugs such as nausea and anxiety. At higher dosages, the combination of a deliriant (DPH) and NBOMe drugs is cautioned against. NBOMes are likely to increase the deliriant and negative effects of DPH, in addition to increasing the risk of severe injury and mental trauma. NBOMes and DPH at recreational dosages have additional cardiac concerns such as vasoconstriction, tachycardia, hypertension, which in combination may be exacerbated.", "sources": [ { "author": "Kyriakou, C., Marinelli, E., Frati, P., Santurro, A., Afxentiou, M., Zaami, S., & Busardo, F. P. (2015)", "title": "NBOMe: new potent hallucinogens--pharmacology, analytical methods, toxicities, fatalities: a review. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 19(17), 3270–3281.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26400534/" }, { "author": "Schifano, F., Chiappini, S., Miuli, A., Mosca, A., Santovito, M. C., Corkery, J. M., Guirguis, A., Pettorruso, M., Di Giannantonio, M., & Martinotti, G. (2021)", "title": "Focus on Over-the-Counter Drugs’ Misuse: A Systematic Review on Antihistamines, Cough Medicines, and Decongestants. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 657397.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.657397" }, { "author": "Wolfson, A. R., Wong, D., Abrams, E. M., Waserman, S., & Sussman, G. L. (2022)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: Time to Move on? The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 10(12), 3124–3130.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2022.07.018" }, { "author": "Zawilska, J. B., Kacela, M., & Adamowicz, P. (2020)", "title": "NBOMes–Highly Potent and Toxic Alternatives of LSD. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 14, 78.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00078" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "opioids": { "note": "Both substances are CNS depressants, potentiating each other strongly and unpredictably, raising the chances of memory loss, severe ataxia, and unconsciousness. The interaction will cause greater inhibition and risk of injury. DPH reduces histamine release by opioids, which reduces the itching side effect from opioids. DPH may reduce the nausea caused by opioids. DPH inhibits CYP2D6 activity which can lead to a reduction of effects in some opioids and potentiation of effects in others.", "sources": [ { "author": "Akutsu, T., Kobayashi, K., Sakurada, K., Ikegaya, H., Furihata, T., & Chiba, K. (2007)", "title": "Identification of human cytochrome p450 isozymes involved in diphenhydramine N-demethylation. Drug Metabolism and Disposition: The Biological Fate of Chemicals, 35(1), 72–78.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.106.012088" }, { "author": "Dinwiddie, A. T., Tanz, L. J., & Bitting, J. (2022)", "title": "Notes from the Field: Antihistamine Positivity and Involvement in Drug Overdose Deaths — 44 Jurisdictions, United States, 2019–2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 71(41), 1308–1310.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7141a4" }, { "author": "Grönlund, J., Saari, T. I., Hagelberg, N. M., Neuvonen, P. J., Olkkola, K. T., & Laine, K. (2010)", "title": "Exposure to oral oxycodone is increased by concomitant inhibition of CYP2D6 and 3A4 pathways, but not by inhibition of CYP2D6 alone. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 70(1), 78–87.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03653.x" }, { "author": "Hamelin, B. (2000)", "title": "Significant interaction between the nonprescription antihistamine diphenhydramine and the CYP2D6 substrate metoprolol in healthy men with high or low CYP2D6 activity. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 67(5), 466–477.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1067/mcp.2000.106464" }, { "author": "Heiskanen, T., & Kalso, E. (2012)", "title": "Non-analgesic effects of opioids: interactions between opioids and other drugs. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 18(37), 6079–6089.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2174/138161212803582423" }, { "author": "Nahid, N. A., McDonough, C. W., Wei, Y.-J. J., Cicali, E. J., Gong, Y., Fillingim, R. B., & Johnson, J. A. (2024)", "title": "Use of CYP2D6 Inhibitors with CYP2D6 Opioids: Association with Emergency Department Visits for Pain. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 116(4), 1005–1012.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.3314" }, { "author": "Okutani, H., Lo Vecchio, S., & Arendt‐Nielsen, L. (2024)", "title": "Mechanisms and treatment of opioid‐induced pruritus: Peripheral and central pathways. European Journal of Pain, 28(2), 214–230.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ejp.2180" }, { "author": "Sicari, V., Patel, P., & Zabbo, C. P. (2025)", "title": "Diphenhydramine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/" }, { "author": "Swegle, J. M., & Logemann, C. (2006)", "title": "Management of common opioid-induced adverse effects. American Family Physician, 74(8), 1347–1354.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17087429/" }, { "author": "Wei, Y.-J. J., Winterstein, A. G., Schmidt, S., Fillingim, R. B., Daniels, M. J., DeKosky, S. T., & Schmidt, S. (2025)", "title": "Association of initiating CYP2D6-metabolized opioids with risks of adverse outcomes in older adults receiving antidepressants: A retrospective cohort study. PLOS Medicine, 22(6), e1004620.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004620" }, { "author": "Whitt, A., & Jortani, S. (2023)", "title": "B-337 Case Report: Fatal Opioid Overdose Induced by Over-the-Counter Cold Medication Diphenhydramine. Clinical Chemistry, 69(Supplement_1), hvad097.656.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/hvad097.656" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "pregabalin": { "note": "There is a significant risk of seizures from this combination. The combination is likely to increase each other’s negative side effects, such as nausea, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. At higher dosages, pregabalin is likely to increase diphenhydramine’s deliriant effects, inhibition, and risk of injury. Medical dosages are not reported to be a concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia (2023)", "title": "Diphenhydramine overdose", "url": "https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002636.htm" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "Fakhr, M. S., Motamed Chaboki, P., Ashayeri, H., Sahranavard, P., Mohammadipanah, S., & Zamanabadi, M. N. (2023)", "title": "Comparison of the effects of pregabalin and famotidine with pregabalin and diphenhydramine on postoperative abdominal pain. International Journal of Surgery Open, 58, 100674.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijso.2023.100674" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N. A., & Livingston, J. H. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti-epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Jang, D. H., Manini, A. F., Trueger, N. S., Duque, D., Nestor, N. B., Nelson, L. S., & Hoffman, R. S. (2010)", "title": "Status epilepticus and wide-complex tachycardia secondary to diphenhydramine overdose. Clinical Toxicology, 48(9), 945–948.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2010.527850" }, { "author": "Kim, H., Kim, S. H., & Kim, J. B. (2021)", "title": "Antihistamines as a common cause of new-onset seizures: a single-center observational study. Neurological Sciences: Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 42(6), 2505–2508.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05043-2" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Schifano, F., Chiappini, S., Miuli, A., Mosca, A., Santovito, M. C., Corkery, J. M., Guirguis, A., Pettorruso, M., Di Giannantonio, M., & Martinotti, G. (2021)", "title": "Focus on Over-the-Counter Drugs’ Misuse: A Systematic Review on Antihistamines, Cough Medicines, and Decongestants. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 657397.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.657397" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Wolfson, A. R., Wong, D., Abrams, E. M., Waserman, S., & Sussman, G. L. (2022)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: Time to Move on? The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 10(12), 3124–3130.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2022.07.018" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "ssris": { "note": "There is a high risk of serotonin syndrome at recreational dosages. Medical dosages are reported not to be a concern for the general population. The combination may increase each other's side effects, such as dizziness and drowsiness.", "sources": [ { "author": "Clark, J. H., Meltzer, E. O., & Naclerio, R. M.", "title": "Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye. The World Allergy Organization Journal, 18(2), 101027 (2025)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027" }, { "author": "Ener, R. A., Meglathery, S. B., Decker, W. A. V., & Gallagher, R. M.", "title": "Serotonin Syndrome and Other Serotonergic Disorders: Table 1. Pain Medicine, 4(1), 63-74 (2003)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4637.2003.03005.x" }, { "author": "Khan, S., Saud, S., Khan, I., Asif, M., Ismail, O., Salam, A., Yang, T. J., & Norville, K. J.", "title": "Serotonin Syndrome Presenting with Concomitant Tramadol and Diphenhydramine Use: A Case Report of an Unlikely Side-Effect. Cureus, 10(4), e2421 (2018)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.2421" }, { "author": "Lane, R., Baldwin, D., & Preskorn, S.", "title": "The SSRIs: advantages, disadvantages and differences. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 9(2 Suppl), 163-178 (1995)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881195009002011" }, { "author": "Sproule, B. A., Naranjo, C. A., Brenmer, K. E., & Hassan, P. C.", "title": "Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and CNS drug interactions. A critical review of the evidence. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 33(6), 454-471 (1997)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2165/00003088-199733060-00004" }, { "author": "van Harten, J.", "title": "Clinical pharmacokinetics of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 24(3), 203-220 (1993)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2165/00003088-199324030-00003" }, { "author": "Varghese, E., Abate, M. A., Hu, L., Kaplan, J., Kraner, J., Long, D. L., Sorg, M., Mock, A., Greenwald, M., & Andrew, T.", "title": "Characterization of Diphenhydramine-Related Accidental Overdose Deaths. Academic Forensic Pathology, 5(1), 105-115 (2015)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.23907/2015.011" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "tramadol": { "note": "Both drugs increase the risk of serotonin syndrome. While at medical dosages, this is unlikely to be of concern, recreational doses should be avoided. Diphenhydramine may increase tramadol’s seizure risk.", "sources": [ { "author": "Benson, B. E., Farooqi, M. F., Klein-Schwartz, W., Litovitz, T., Webb, A. N., Borys, D. J., Lung, D., Rutherfoord Rose, S., Aleguas, A., Sollee, D. R., & Seifert, S. A. (2010)", "title": "Diphenhydramine dose–response: a novel approach to determine triage thresholds. Clinical Toxicology, 48(8), 820–831.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2010.514269" }, { "author": "Dhesi, M., Maldonado, K. A., Patel, P., & Maani, C. V. (2025)", "title": "Tramadol. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537060/" }, { "author": "Hughes, A. R., Lin, A., Hendrickson, R. G., & on behalf of Toxicology Investigator’s Consortium (ToxIC). (2021)", "title": "Clinical and patient characteristics associated with severe outcome in diphenhydramine toxicity. Clinical Toxicology, 59(10), 918–925.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2021.1891244" }, { "author": "Khan, S., Saud, S., Khan, I., Asif, M., Ismail, O., Salam, A., Yang, T. J., & Norville, K. J. (2018)", "title": "Serotonin Syndrome Presenting with Concomitant Tramadol and Diphenhydramine Use: A Case Report of an Unlikely Side-Effect. Cureus.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.2421" }, { "author": "Kim, H., Kim, S. H., & Kim, J. B. (2021)", "title": "Antihistamines as a common cause of new-onset seizures: a single-center observational study. Neurological Sciences: Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 42(6), 2505–2508.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05043-2" }, { "author": "Kim, H., Wang, I.-N., Park, J.-S., Kim, K.-T., Kong, J., Kim, J. B., & Kim, D.-J. (2023)", "title": "Inherent seizure susceptibility in patients with antihistamine-induced acute symptomatic seizure: a resting-state EEG analysis. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 9146.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36415-7" }, { "author": "Sanaei-Zadeh, H. (2012)", "title": "Diphenhydramine overdose and serotonin syndrome. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 66(3), 244–245.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.2012.02320.x" }, { "author": "Sicari, V., Patel, P., & Zabbo, C. P. (2025)", "title": "Diphenhydramine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/" } ], "status": "Dangerous" } }, "dose_note": " NOTE: The doses provided are for recreational usage. For use as a sleep aid the dose ranges from 25-100mg, or as specified on the product packaging.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "200-500mg", "Light": "100-250mg", "Strong": "450-700mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Delirium", "dream-like experiences", "paranoia", "visual and audio distortions", "dry mouth", "muscle cramps", "nausea", "dysphoria", "tremors", "Often described as a pretty negative experience" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Diphenhydramine.shtml" }, "name": "diphenhydramine", "pretty_name": "Diphenhydramine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "diphenhydramine", "dph", "benadryl" ], "avoid": "Many oral diphenhydramine preparations contain analgesics such as acetaminophen or aspirin, which can be toxic to the liver in high doses.", "categories": [ "depressant", "deliriant", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 100-250mg Common: 200-500mg Strong: 450-700mg NOTE: The doses provided are for recreational usage. For use as a sleep aid the dose ranges from 25-75mg, or as specified on the product packaging. For medical allergy use doses tend to range from 25-50mg, or as specified on the product packaging.", "duration": "6-8 hours", "effects": "Delirium, dream-like experiences, paranoia, visual and audio distortions, dry mouth, muscle cramps, nausea, dysphoria, tremors. Often described as a pretty negative experience.", "onset": "60-120 minutes", "summary": "An antihistamine which, when taken in smaller doses relieves allergies and insomnia. In larger doses works as a deliriant and can actually keep the user awake. Generally the 'high' of this drug is reported as dysphoric, potentially causing hallucinations indistinguishable from reality." }, "pweffects": { "Abnormal heartbeat": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Abnormal_heartbeat", "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Auditory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_suppression", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Brightness alteration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Brightness_alteration", "Cognitive dysphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_dysphoria", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Double vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision", "Dream potentiation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dream_potentiation", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Feelings of impending doom": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_impending_doom", "Frequent urination": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frequent_urination", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Language suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Language_suppression", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle cramps": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_cramps", "Muscle spasms": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_spasms", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Paranoia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Paranoia", "Pattern recognition suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_suppression", "Peripheral information misinterpretation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Peripheral_information_misinterpretation", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Photophobia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Photophobia", "Physical fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_fatigue", "Psychosis": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Psychosis", "Restless leg syndrome": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Restless_leg_syndrome", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Shadow people": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Shadow_people", "Tactile hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_hallucinations", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Thought disorganization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_disorganization", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Unspeakable horrors": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unspeakable_horrors", "Vibrating vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vibrating_vision", "Visual haze": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_haze" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Dose-dependent toxicity of diphenhydramine overdose - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11204550" ] } }, "diphenidine": { "aliases": [ "dpd" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Diphenidine is an extremely new substance with very little record of human use. It is recommended to start low and increase dosages slowly.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "85-110mg", "Heavy": "110-150mg", "Light": "70-85mg", "Threshold": "50mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Diphenidine.shtml" }, "name": "diphenidine", "pretty_name": "Diphenidine", "properties": { "after-effects": "4-24 hours", "aliases": [ "dpd" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 50mg Light: 70-85mg Common: 85-110mg Heavy: 110-150mg | NOTE: Diphenidine is an extremely new substance with very little record of human use. Start low, work your way up.", "duration": "4-6 hours", "onset": "15-30 minutes", "summary": "A dissociative anaesthetic related to ephenidine with similar qualities to PCP and ketamine. The drug has seen some popularity as a recreational research chemical. The drug dosage curve has been reported as particularly steep, caution is recommended when using this drug." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Auditory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_suppression", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Consciousness disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Consciousness_disconnection", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Depersonalization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depersonalization", "Derealization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Derealization", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Double vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision", "Environmental cubism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_cubism", "Environmental orbism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_orbism", "Frame rate suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frame_rate_suppression", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Pattern recognition suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_suppression", "Perception of decreased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_decreased_weight", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Perspective distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_distortions", "Physical autonomy": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_autonomy", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Tactile disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_disconnection", "Tactile suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_suppression", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Visual disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_disconnection" } }, "dipipanone": { "aliases": [ "diconal" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "3-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-15", "Intravenous": "0-1", "Oral": "15-30" }, "name": "dipipanone", "pretty_name": "Dipipanone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "diconal" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants", "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 3-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg+", "duration": "3-6 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes | Insufflated: 5-15 minutes. | Intravenous: 0-1 minutes", "summary": "A powerful opioid of equivalent strength to morphine, rarely seen outside of medical environments. Often used to treat severe pain where morphine is contraindicated. Usually found in combination with the antihistamine Cyclizine, which potentiates it.", "warning": "If you do come across these pills, and IV them, you will reach a point where the Cyclizine in the Diconal preparation will reach a very bad result, and missed shots can end up with amputations." } }, "dipt": { "aliases": [ "diisopropyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: This is a very new substance with very little history of human use. It is recommended to start low and increase dosage slowly. The dosages given are tentative, further research is recommended and caution is advised.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "30-50mg", "Heavy": "50mg+", "Light": "15-25mg", "Threshold": "15mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_DiPT.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal04.shtml" }, "name": "dipt", "pretty_name": "DiPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "12-24 hours", "aliases": [ "diisopropyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Threshold: 15mg Light: 15-25mg Common: 30-50mg Heavy: 50mg+ | NOTE: This is a very new substance with very little history of human use. It is recommended to start low and increase dosage slowly. The dosages given are tentative, further research is recommended and caution is advised.", "duration": "3-5 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-60 minutes.", "summary": "A rare psychedelic tryptamine closely related to DMT, with the interesting property of having little visual hallucinations, but strong auditory effects." }, "pweffects": { "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Depersonalization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depersonalization", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Inner ear pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Inner_ear_pressure", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Stomach bloating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stomach_bloating", "Thought suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_suppression" } }, "dmaa": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "nootropic" ], "dose_note": "Rapid onset.", "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-50mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "50-100mg", "Threshold": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "name": "dmaa", "pretty_name": "DMAA", "properties": { "avoid": "Other stimulants.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "nootropic" ], "dose": "Threshold: 5-10mg Low: 10-20mg Common: 20-50mg Strong: 50-100mg", "duration": "2-4 hours.", "onset": "Rapid.", "summary": "Also known as methylhexanamine, this sympathetomimetic drug was developed as a nasal decongestant by Eli Lilly in the 1940s. It has been used as a weight loss aid and missold as a dietary supplement and component of some energy drinks. Carries a risk of heart attack, stroke and other life-threatening cardiovascular issues." } }, "dmt": { "aliases": [ "n,n-dmt", "dimethyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "common" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "2c-x": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "alcohol": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "status": "Caution" }, "amt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "benzodiazepines": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "caffeine": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "cannabis": { "note": "Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics.", "status": "Caution" }, "cocaine": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "status": "Caution" }, "dextromethorphan": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "diphenhydramine": { "note": "At 25-50mg, DPH may assist with side effects of the DMT such as nausea and anxiety. At higher dosages, the combination of a deliriant (DPH) and DMT is cautioned against. DMT is likely to increase the deliriant and negative effects of DPH, in addition to increasing the risk of severe injury and mental trauma.", "sources": [ { "author": "Carbonaro, T. M., & Gatch, M. B. (2016)", "title": "Neuropharmacology of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine. Brain Research Bulletin, 126(Pt 1), 74–88.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.04.016" }, { "author": "Chapy, H., Smirnova, M., André, P., Schlatter, J., Chiadmi, F., Couraud, P.-O., Scherrmann, J.-M., Declèves, X., & Cisternino, S. (2014)", "title": "Carrier-Mediated Cocaine Transport at the Blood-Brain Barrier as a Putative Mechanism in Addiction Liability. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 18(1), pyu001.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyu001" }, { "author": "Schaefer, T. S., Patel, P., & Zito, P. M. (2025)", "title": "Antiemetic Histamine H1 Receptor Blockers. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK533003/" }, { "author": "Schifano, F., Chiappini, S., Miuli, A., Mosca, A., Santovito, M. C., Corkery, J. M., Guirguis, A., Pettorruso, M., Di Giannantonio, M., & Martinotti, G. (2021)", "title": "Focus on Over-the-Counter Drugs’ Misuse: A Systematic Review on Antihistamines, Cough Medicines, and Decongestants. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 657397.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.657397" }, { "author": "Wolfson, A. R., Wong, D., Abrams, E. M., Waserman, S., & Sussman, G. L. (2022)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: Time to Move on? The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 10(12), 3124–3130.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2022.07.018" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "dox": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "ghb/gbl": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "ketamine": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "lithium": { "note": "There are a large number of reports indicating a high seizure and psychosis risk from this combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Sandeep M Nayak, Natalie Gukasyan, Frederick S Barrett , Earth Erowid , Fire Erowid , Roland R Griffiths", "title": "Classic Psychedelic Coadministration with Lithium, but Not Lamotrigine, is Associated with Seizures: An Analysis of Online Psychedelic Experience Reports", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1524-2794" }, { "author": "Erowid", "title": "Erowid Interactions", "url": "https://erowid.org/chemicals/lsd/lsd_interactions.shtml" }, { "author": "freshboi88", "title": "I Was Only on One Dose", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=93681" }, { "author": "YouWerentYouAnymore", "title": "Brought My Worst Thoughts to Life", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=110780" }, { "author": "Otto Simonsson, Peper S. Hendricks, Richard Chambers, Walter Osika, Simon B. Goldberg", "title": "Prevalence and associations of challenging, difficult or distressing experiences using classic psychedelics", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.073" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "lsd": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "maois": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mdma": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mephedrone": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "sources": [ { "author": "Carbonaro, T. M., & Gatch, M. B.", "title": "Neuropharmacology of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine. Brain Research Bulletin, 126(Pt 1), 74–88 (2016)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.04.016" }, { "author": "Erhorn, S.", "title": "Dimethyltryptamine. In xPharm: The Comprehensive Pharmacology Reference, 1–4 (2007)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-008055232-3.62227-5" }, { "author": "Kehr, J., Ichinose, F., Yoshitake, S., Goiny, M., Sievertsson, T., Nyberg, F., & Yoshitake, T.", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats. British Journal of Pharmacology, 164(8), 1949–1958 (2011)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Papaseit, E., Moltó, J., Muga, R., Torrens, M., de la Torre, R., & Farré, M.", "title": "Clinical Pharmacology of the Synthetic Cathinone Mephedrone. In M. H. Baumann, R. A. Glennon, & J. L. Wiley (Eds.), Neuropharmacology of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS): The Science Behind the Headlines, 313–331 (2017)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2016_61" }, { "author": "Wood, D. M., Davies, S., Greene, S. L., Button, J., Holt, D. W., Ramsey, J., & Dargan, P. I.", "title": "Case series of individuals with analytically confirmed acute mephedrone toxicity. Clinical Toxicology, 48(9), 924–927 (2010)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2010.531021" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mescaline": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mushrooms": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mxe": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "nbomes": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "nitrous": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "opioids": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "pcp": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "pregabalin": { "note": "Pregabalin may reduce the anxiety and other possible side effects of DMT. Additionally, the combination may increase inhibition, dizziness, and risk of injury.", "sources": [ { "author": "Carbonaro, T. M., & Gatch, M. B. (2016)", "title": "Neuropharmacology of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine. Brain Research Bulletin, 126(Pt 1), 74–88.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.04.016" }, { "author": "Cross, A. L., Viswanath, O., & Sherman, A. L. (2025)", "title": "Pregabalin. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470341/" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "ssris": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "tramadol": { "note": "Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and psychedelics also cause occasional seizures.", "status": "Unsafe" } }, "dose_note": " NOTE: These figures are for 100% effective vaporization methods. Typical methods of vaporization are not 100% effective. The likelihood of having a \"breakthrough\" experience increases with dosages. Caution is advised.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-60" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "25-50mg", "Light": "10-25mg", "Strong": "50-125mg+" }, "Intravenous": { "Common": "15-25mg", "Light": "10-15mg", "Strong": "25-40mg" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "15-25mg", "Heavy": "35mg+", "Light": "10-15mg", "Strong": "25-35mg", "Threshold": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "45-60", "Oral_MAOI": "180-420", "Smoked": "3-10", "Vapourized": "3-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "immersive experience", "open eye visuals", "radical perspective shifting", "profound life-changing spiritual experiences", "powerful rushing of sensation", "change in perception of time", "auditory hallucinations", "color shifting", "hard on lungs when smoking", "stomach discomfort", "difficulty integrating experiences", "overwhelming fear" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "3-5", "Oral": "20-45", "Vapourized": "0-2" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_DMT.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal06.shtml" }, "name": "dmt", "pretty_name": "DMT", "properties": { "after-effects": "15-60 minutes", "aliases": [ "n,n-dmt", "dimethyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "common" ], "dose": "Vapourised Threshold: 5-10mg Light: 10-15mg Common: 15-25mg Strong: 25-35mg Heavy: 35mg+ | Insufflated Light: 10-25mg Common: 25-50mg Strong: 50-125mg+ | Intravenous Light: 10-15mg Common: 15-25mg Strong: 25-40mg", "duration": "Vapourized/smoked: 3-10 minutes | Oral_MAOI: 180-420 minutes | Insufflated: 45-60 minutes", "effects": "immersive experience, open eye visuals, radical perspective shifting, profound life-changing spiritual experiences, powerful rushing of sensation, change in perception of time, auditory hallucinations, color shifting, hard on lungs when smoking, stomach discomfort, difficulty integrating experiences, overwhelming fear", "half-life": "10-20 minutes", "marquis": "Orange", "molecule": "http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dmt/images/archive/dmt_3d_mid.jpg", "onset": "Vapourized/smoked: 0-2 minutes | Oral_MAOI: 20-45 minutes | Insufflated: 3-5 minutes", "summary": "A popular and powerful psychedelic, typically used in two ways: either it is vapourised for a short 'breakthrough' experience, or it is taken in combination with an enzyme inhibitor for a long, intense trip (this is also known as ayahuasca or pharmahuasca).", "vaporization": "60-80C (140-176F)" }, "pweffects": { "8B Geometry - Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8B_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Changes in gravity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Changes_in_gravity", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour replacement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_replacement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Feelings of impending doom": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_impending_doom", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Machinescapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Machinescapes", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Mindfulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Mindfulness", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Recursion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Recursion", "Rejuvenation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Rejuvenation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spirituality enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spirituality_enhancement", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Subconscious communication": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Subconscious_communication", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness" } }, "dob": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "2-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "750-1100ug", "Dangerous": "3000ug", "Heavy": "1100-1500ug", "Light": "750ug", "Threshold": "500ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "8-24" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_DOB.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal062.shtml" }, "name": "dob", "pretty_name": "DOB", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-12 hours", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 500ug Light: 750ug Common: 750-1100ug Heavy: 1100-1500ug Dangerous: 3000ug", "duration": "8-24 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "marquis": "Olive Green - Yellow", "onset": "30-120 minutes.", "summary": "DOB is a relatively uncommon synthetic psychedelic. It is best known for its very high potency and long duration. Historically it has rarely been taken deliberately, but in place of LSD, however it has recently found its own place in the research chemical scene." } }, "doc": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1.5-2mg", "Heavy": "4mg+", "Light": "1-1.5mg", "Strong": "2-4mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "10-20" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-150" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_DOC.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal064.shtml" }, "name": "doc", "pretty_name": "DOC", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-12 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 1-1.5mg Common: 1.5-2mg Strong: 2-4mg Heavy: 4mg+", "duration": "10-20 hours. (Depending on dose)", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-150 minutes (Highly dependant on dose)", "summary": "A potent stimulating psychedelic with a long action, a phenethylamine and substituted amphetamine. Sometimes sold as LSD but also enjoyed on its own merits by many. Usually sold on blotters slightly larger than those LSD is found on, but can also be bought in powder form." } }, "doet": { "aliases": [ "doe" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: These doses are tentative and it is recommended to do further research.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-72" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "4-6mg", "Light": "2-4mg", "Strong": "6-10mg", "Threshold": "1mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-30" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-3" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_DOET.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal066.shtml" }, "name": "doet", "pretty_name": "DOET", "properties": { "after-effects": "12-72 hours", "aliases": [ "doe" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 1mg Light: 2-4mg Common: 4-6mg Strong: 6-10mg | NOTE: These doses are tentative and it is recommended to do further research.", "duration": "12-30 hours (Dependant on dose)", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "1-3 hours.", "summary": "A potent and long acting psychedelic stimulant and substituted amphetamine, similar in effects to other DOx compounds. First synthesised by Alexander Shulgin." } }, "doi": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1mg-3mg.", "Heavy": "3mg+", "Light": "750ug-1mg.", "Threshold": "500-750ug." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-18" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_DOI.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal067.shtml" }, "name": "doi", "pretty_name": "DOI", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 500-750ug. Light: 750ug-1mg. Common: 1mg-3mg. Heavy: 3mg+", "duration": "12-18 hours (widely dependant on dose)", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "60-90 minutes", "summary": "A potent, long-acting psychedelic stimulant. Historically, it has rarely been consumed deliberately, but occasionally sold as LSD. However, it has recently found its own little nest in the research chemical community." } }, "doip": { "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical" ], "dose_note": " Note: This is based on personal experience as no trip reports have surfaced in the three years it's been on the market, so take with caution.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-48" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1.5-3mg", "Light": "800-1500ug", "Strong": "3mg+", "Threshold": "800ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "18-30" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-120" }, "name": "doip", "pretty_name": "DOIP", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-48 hours.", "avoid": "Double dosing as it has a fairly long onset. Also any stimulant that's stronger than caffeine, and even then it can get quite uncomfortable.", "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Threshold: 800ug Light: 800-1500ug Common: 1.5-3mg Strong: 3mg+ || Note: This is based on personal experience as no trip reports have surfaced in the three years it's been on the market, so take with caution.", "duration": "18-30 hours.", "onset": "45-120 minutes.", "summary": "A rare psychedelic ampthetamine of the same class as the likes of DOM. Is a quite powerful and potent psychedelic that has very strong amphetamine effects. Not for the faint of heart." } }, "dom": { "aliases": [ "stp" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "2.5-5mg", "Heavy": "7.5mg+", "Light": "1-2.5mg", "Strong": "5-7.5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-30" }, "formatted_effects": [ "visual distortions", "a 'stoned' feeling", "sense of well being" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_DOM.shtml" }, "name": "dom", "pretty_name": "DOM", "properties": { "after-effects": "12-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "stp" ], "avoid": "cannabis (Can potentiate effects)", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "common" ], "detection": "DOM is a substituted amphetamine, so it can cause you to test positive for amphetamines 3 to 7 days after dosing.", "dose": "Oral Light: 1-2.5mg Common: 2.5-5mg Strong: 5-7.5mg Heavy: 7.5mg+", "duration": "8-30 hours.", "effects": "visual distortions, a 'stoned' feeling, sense of well being.", "onset": "2-4 hours", "summary": "The most popular psychedelic amphetamine due to its pleasant effects, lower potency and shorter duration. Effects have been described as 'sillier' than LSD and related DOx chemicals" } }, "don": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: These doses are tentative and it is recommended to do further research.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "3-5mg", "Heavy": "5mg+", "Light": "3mg", "Threshold": "2mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "14-22" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_DON.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal070.shtml" }, "name": "don", "pretty_name": "DON", "properties": { "after-effects": "12-24 hours", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Threshold: 2mg Light: 3mg Common: 3-5mg Heavy: 5mg+ | NOTE: These doses are tentative and further research is recommended.", "duration": "14-22 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-120 minutes.", "summary": "A very rare psychedelic amphetamine. Anectodal reports indicate that the subjective effects are more rough on the body then other DOx compounds. There are some reports of experiencing physical pain from these rough bodily feelings." } }, "dopr": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "2.5-3.5mg", "Heavy": "3.5-5mg.", "Light": "2.5mg", "Threshold": "1.25mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "18-30" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "90-240" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_DOPR.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal071.shtml" }, "name": "dopr", "pretty_name": "DOPR", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "avoid": "Redosing/double dosing the drug. It is recommended to avoid all other amphetamines.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Threshold: 1.25mg Light: 2.5mg Common: 2.5-3.5mg Heavy: 3.5-5mg. ", "duration": "18-30 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "90-240 minutes", "summary": "A rare psychedelic amphetamine of the same class as DOM. This is a powerful potent psychedelic with all the effects you would expect from an amphetamine. Described by Shulgin as a 'heavy duty psychedelic'. Analogue of 2C-P." } }, "doxylamine": { "categories": [ "depressant", "deliriant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "200-350mg", "Heavy": "350mg+", "Light": "75-200mg", "Threshold": "10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-30" }, "name": "doxylamine", "pretty_name": "Doxylamine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "categories": [ "depressant", "deliriant" ], "dose": "Threshold: 10mg Light: 75-200mg Common: 200-350mg Heavy: 350mg+", "duration": "6-8 hours", "onset": "20-30 minutes", "summary": "A first generation antihistamine and anticholinergic, originally used to treat nausea and itching, and later as a sleep aid. Causes drowsiness, and delirium in overdose. Sometimes used with opioids to combat nausea and potentiate effects.", "warning": "As with other first generation antihistamines, if you take too much you could have a deliriant like experience." } }, "dpt": { "aliases": [ "dipropyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "3-4", "Intramuscular": "2-4", "Oral": "2-3", "Smoked": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Light": "20-50", "Strong": "100-150mg" }, "Intramuscular": { "Common": "35-60mg", "Light": "10-35mg", "Strong": "60-100mg", "Threshold": "5-10mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "125-200mg", "Light": "75-125mg", "Strong": "200-250mg" }, "Smoked": { "Common": "30-50mg", "Light": "15-30mg", "Strong": "50-100mg", "Threshold": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "3-4", "Intramuscular": "3-4", "Oral": "2-4", "Smoked": "0.5-1.5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "A psychedelic tryptamine with \"a wide range of effects at any particular dose depending on the individual\"" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-20", "Intramuscular": "2-10", "Oral": "20-60", "Smoked": "0-1" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_DPT.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal09.shtml" }, "name": "dpt", "pretty_name": "DPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 2-3 hours | Insufflated: 3-4 hours | IM: 2-4 hours | Smoked: 2-4 hours", "aliases": [ "dipropyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 75-125mg Common: 125-200mg Strong: 200-250mg | Insufflated Light: 20-50 Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-150mg | IM Threshold: 5-10mg Light: 10-35mg Common: 35-60mg Strong: 60-100mg | Smoked Threshold: 5-10mg Light: 15-30mg Common: 30-50mg Strong: 50-100mg", "duration": "Oral: 2-4 hours | Insufflated: 3-4 hours. | IM: 3-4 hours. | Smoked: 0.5-1.5 hours.", "effects": "A psychedelic tryptamine with \"a wide range of effects at any particular dose depending on the individual\"", "onset": "Oral: 20-60 minutes | Insufflated: 5-20 minutes | IM: 2-10 minutes | Smoked: 0-1 minutes", "summary": "N,N-Dipropyltryptamine, a psychedelic tryptamine compound and lesser-known analogue of DMT, with similar psychedelic effects. Like DMT, it is a partial serotonin receptor agonist." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Changes in gravity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Changes_in_gravity", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour replacement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_replacement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Headaches": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Headaches", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Machinescapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Machinescapes", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle spasms": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_spasms", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Recursion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Recursion", "Rejuvenation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Rejuvenation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Subconscious communication": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Subconscious_communication", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "dramamine": { "aliases": [ "dimenhydrinate", "gravol" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "deliriant", "common" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Greater caution is recommended with this drug due to it being a deliriant.", "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "250mg-400mg", "Light": "100-250mg", "Strong": "400mg-600mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Delirium", "Dream-Like-Experiences", "Paranoia", "Visual and audio distortions", "dry mouth", "muscle cramps", "Nausea", "Dysphoria", "Tremors" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Dimenhydrinate.shtml" }, "name": "dramamine", "pretty_name": "Dimenhydrinate", "properties": { "aliases": [ "dimenhydrinate", "gravol" ], "avoid": "A fair amount of oral dramamine preparations contain NSAID's which can be toxic to your liver at high doses.", "categories": [ "depressant", "deliriant", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 100-250mg Common: 250mg-400mg Strong: 400mg-600mg+ | NOTE: Greater caution is recommended with this drug due to it being a deliriant.", "duration": "5-8 hours.", "effects": "Delirium, Dream-Like-Experiences, Paranoia, Visual and audio distortions, dry mouth, muscle cramps, Nausea, Dysphoria, Tremors.", "onset": "30-90 minutes", "summary": "A combination of diphenhydramine and a mild stimulant to counteract the drowsiness accompanied by typical medical use of diphenhydramine. Roughly half the potency of diphenhydramine. Small doses can relieve motion sickness, reduce body load from opioids or dextromethorphan. The drug produces deliriant effects in higher doses, keeping the user awake and often causing dysphoric, realistic hallucinations." } }, "dxme": { "categories": [ "dissociative", "habit-forming", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "30-50mg", "Heavy": "80mg+", "Light": "15-25mg", "Strong": "50-80mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Dissociation", "Analgesia", "Euphoria", "Cognitive impairment", "Sedation", "Time distortion", "Impaired coordination", "Confusion" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "dxme", "pretty_name": "Deoxymethoxetamine", "properties": { "after-effects": "6–24 hours. Residual dissociation, cognitive fog, and fatigue may persist into the following day.", "avoid": "Other dissociatives, alcohol, benzodiazepines, opioids, and other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral (exact value unknown).", "categories": [ "dissociative", "habit-forming", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 15-25mg | Common: 30-50mg | Strong: 50-80mg | Heavy: 80mg+. NOTE: DXME is a novel dissociative with limited human data. Potency, duration, and adverse effects may vary significantly between individuals. Conservative dosing and extended waiting periods are advised.", "duration": "4–8 hours. Duration may vary depending on dose, metabolism, and individual sensitivity.", "effects": "Dissociation, Analgesia, Euphoria, Cognitive impairment, Sedation, Time distortion, Impaired coordination, Confusion.", "half-life": "Unknown.", "note": "Please be aware that with research chemicals purchased from grey-market vendors, one can never be 100% certain of the actual amount or purity of the active compound. Tread lightly.", "onset": "30–90 minutes.", "summary": "Deoxymethoxetamine (DXME) is a novel dissociative from the arylcyclohexylamine family that emerged on the illicit market around 2020–2021. It has been identified as a new psychoactive substance and computationally predicted to possess addictive potential. Human pharmacological data remain limited, and effects show notable inter-individual variability." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Han M, Liu S, Zhang D, et al. AddictedChem: A Data-Driven Integrated Platform for New Psychoactive Substance Identification. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:922741. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9227411/" ] } }, "eflea": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "inactive" ], "name": "eflea", "pretty_name": "EFLEA", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "inactive" ], "summary": "Prodrug for EDMA. May be inactive." } }, "ephedrine": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-30mg", "Heavy": "50mg+", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "30-50mg", "Threshold": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "5-20" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Ephedrine.shtml" }, "name": "ephedrine", "pretty_name": "Ephedrine", "properties": { "adverse-effects": "Tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, vasoconstriction with hypertension, flushing, sweating, acne vulgaris, nausea, decreased urination, difficulty urinating, restlessness, confusion, insomnia, mild euphoria, mania/hallucinations, delusions, formication, dyspnea, pulmonary edema, dizziness, headache, tremor, hyperglycemic reactions, and dry mouth", "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming" ], "contraindications": "Closed-angle glaucoma, phaeochromocytoma, asymmetric septal hypertrophy (idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis), concomitant or recent (previous 14 days) monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) therapy, general anaesthesia with halogenated hydrocarbons (particularly halothane), tachyarrhythmias or ventricular fibrillation, and hypersensitivity to ephedrine or other stimulants.", "dose": "Oral Threshold: 5-10mg Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-30mg Strong: 30-50mg Heavy: 50mg+", "duration": "3 - 6 hours", "legal": "Australia: Prescription Only (S4) | Canada: Schedule VI | United Kingdom: P | United States: List I OTC", "onset": "5-20 minutes.", "pharmacokinetics": "Bioavailability: 85% | Metabolism: minimal hepatic | Excretion: 22 - 99% renal", "pharmacology": "NDRA (Norepinephrine-Dopamine Releasing Agent)", "summary": "Ephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine commonly used as a stimulant, concentration aid, decongestant, appetite suppressant, and to treat hypotension associated with anaesthesia. A methamphetamine analogue and commonly used in the production of methamphetamine." } }, "ephenidine": { "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75-110mg", "Heavy": "150mg+", "Light": "50-75mg", "Strong": "110-150mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Ephenidine.shtml" }, "name": "ephenidine", "pretty_name": "Ephenidine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-75mg Common: 75-110mg Strong: 110-150mg Heavy: 150mg+", "duration": "3-6 hours", "onset": "10-30 minutes.", "summary": "A dissociative drug which is less potent and less confusing than MXE but with otherwise similar properties. Reported to cause light stimulant effects at lower doses." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Auditory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_suppression", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Consciousness disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Consciousness_disconnection", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Depersonalization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depersonalization", "Derealization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Derealization", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Double vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Ego inflation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Ego_inflation", "Frame rate suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frame_rate_suppression", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Pattern recognition suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_suppression", "Perception of decreased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_decreased_weight", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Perspective distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_distortions", "Physical autonomy": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_autonomy", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Tactile disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_disconnection", "Tactile suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_suppression", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Visual disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_disconnection" } }, "ept": { "aliases": [ "ethylpropyltryptamine", "n,n-ethylpropyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-4", "Oral": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75-100mg", "Light": "50-75mg", "Strong": "100mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-3", "Oral": "2-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-20", "Oral": "20-60" }, "name": "ept", "pretty_name": "EPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 1-6 hours. | Insufflated: 1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "ethylpropyltryptamine", "n,n-ethylpropyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-75mg Common: 75-100mg Strong: 100mg+", "duration": "Oral: 2-4 hours. | Insufflated: 1-3 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 20-60 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-20 minutes.", "summary": "Ethylpropyltryptamine a novel tryptamine, that is the structural homologue of DMT." } }, "escaline": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "45-60mg", "Light": "30-45mg", "Strong": "60mg+", "Threshold": "20-30mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1.5-2" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Escaline.shtml" }, "name": "escaline", "pretty_name": "Escaline", "properties": { "after-effects": "3-5 hours", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 20-30mg Light: 30-45mg Common: 45-60mg Strong: 60mg+", "duration": "8-12 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "1.5-2 hours", "summary": "First synthesised in the 1950s, this uncommon drug was reexamined by David Nichols in the 1990s. It is an analogue of mescaline and is roughly six times more potent than it. It is a powerful psychedelic phenethylamine. Subjective effects may include stimulation and hallucinations." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Muscle spasms": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_spasms", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought disorganization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_disorganization", "Thought loops": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_loops", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "escitalopram": { "aliases": [ "lexapro", "cipralex" ], "categories": [ "ssri" ], "name": "escitalopram", "pretty_name": "Escitalopram", "properties": { "aliases": [ "lexapro", "cipralex" ], "categories": [ "ssri" ] } }, "estazolam": { "aliases": [ "prosom", "eurodin", "elprazolam" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg", "Light": "0.5-1mg", "Strong": "2-4mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "7-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "name": "estazolam", "pretty_name": "Estazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "prosom", "eurodin", "elprazolam" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral 93%", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 0.5-1mg Common: 1-2mg Strong: 2-4mg+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Estazolam - 1-2mg's ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "7-12 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "30-60 minutes.", "summary": "A rarely prescribed medium-duration prescription benzodiazepine. Mainly used as a hypnotic, it can cause amnesia and lowered inhibitions in higher dosages." } }, "eszopiclone": { "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg", "Light": "0.5-1mg", "Strong": "2-4mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "anxiolytic", "sedative", "muscle relaxant", "amnesia", "dystaxia", "hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "eszopiclone", "pretty_name": "Eszopiclone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 0.5-1mg Common: 1-2mg Strong: 2-4mg+", "duration": "6-10 hours.", "effects": "anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, amnesia, dystaxia, hypnotic", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "The D-isomer of Zopiclone, this drug is a potent hypnotic 'Z' drug often used to treat insomnia. High doses may cause amnesia, delirium and lowered inhibitions. The drug should not be combined with any depressants. Limited recreational value." } }, "eth-lad": { "aliases": [ "ethlad" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "psychedelic" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "60-100ug", "Light": "30-60ug", "Strong": "100-200ug+", "Threshold": "20-30ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-14" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_ETHLAD.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal12.shtml" }, "name": "eth-lad", "pretty_name": "ETH-LAD", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "ethlad" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "psychedelic" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 20-30ug Light: 30-60ug Common: 60-100ug Strong: 100-200ug+", "duration": "6-14 hours", "onset": "15-90 minutes", "summary": "A psychedelic drug and slightly more potent analogue of LSD. First synthesised by Alexander Shulgin, the drug is sometimes described as being less 'abrasive' than LSD. Less common than the associated AL-LAD, though has seen some popularity since its release on the internet research chemical scene in 2015." } }, "ethaqualone": { "aliases": [ "etaqualone" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "2-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "175-300mg", "Light": "100-175mg", "Strong": "300-450mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "30-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Etaqualone.shtml" }, "name": "ethaqualone", "pretty_name": "Ethaqualone", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 2-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "etaqualone" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 100-175mg Common: 175-300mg Strong: 300-450mg", "duration": "Oral: 4-6 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "Oral: 30-45 minutes.", "summary": "Analogue of Methaqualone that was mainly marketed in France. Slightly weaker and shorter acting than Methaqualone." } }, "ethketamine": { "aliases": [ "n-ethyl-norketamine", "nek", "n-ethylnorketamine" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-2", "Oral": "1-3" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "40-90mg", "Light": "15-40mg", "Strong": "90-160mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-3", "Oral": "2-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-15", "Oral": "15-30" }, "name": "ethketamine", "pretty_name": "Ethketamine", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 1-3 hours. | Insufflated 1-2 hours.", "aliases": [ "n-ethyl-norketamine", "nenk", "n-ethylnorketamine" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 15-40mg Common: 40-90mg Strong: 90-160mg.", "duration": "Oral: 2-4 hours | Insufflated: 1-3 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-15 minutes.", "summary": "Ethketamine is a research chemical with properties similar to ketamine. While ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic, producing hallucinogenic and sedative effects, recreational users have reported euphoria and dissociation when using NENK." } }, "ethyl-pentedrone": { "aliases": [ "nep", "n-ethylpentedrone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "empathogen", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "20-40", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "40-60mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4", "Oral": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral": "10-20" }, "name": "ethyl-pentedrone", "pretty_name": "Ethyl-Pentedrone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "nep", "n-ethylpentedrone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "empathogen", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Insufflated Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-40 Strong: 40-60mg.", "duration": "Oral: 3-6 hours. | Insufflated: 2-4 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 10-20 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is cathinone and related to Pentedrone. It became known around the same time as Ethyl-Hexedrone. There is limited information on the drug and caution, as always, is recommended." } }, "ethylcathinone": { "aliases": [ "ethcathinone", "e-cat", "eth-cat" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "30-90", "Oral": "2-3" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "35-70mg", "Light": "15-30mg", "Strong": "75-100mg+", "Threshold": "5-20mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "80-150mg", "Light": "50-80mg", "Strong": "150-300mg+", "Threshold": "30-50mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-2", "Oral": "2-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-15", "Oral": "15-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Ethylcathinone.shtml" }, "name": "ethylcathinone", "pretty_name": "Ethylcathinone", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 2-3 hours. | Insufflated: 30-90 minutes.", "aliases": [ "ethcathinone", "e-cat", "eth-cat" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 30-50mg Light: 50-80mg Common: 80-150mg Strong: 150-300mg+ | Insufflated Threshold: 5-20mg Light: 15-30mg Common: 35-70mg Strong: 75-100mg+", "duration": "Oral: 2-5 hours | Insufflated: 1-2 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-60 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-15 minutes.", "summary": "Ethylcathinone is a synthetic stimulant. It has similar effects as MDMA in regards to euphoric effects, feelings of empathy and openness, and desire to talk with others. Similarly, it has negative effects that are associated with MDMA, such as insomnia, tightened jaw muscles, and grinding of the teeth." } }, "ethylmorphine": { "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Light": "40-50mg", "Strong": "100-200mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "ethylmorphine", "pretty_name": "Ethylmorphine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "avoid": "All CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 40-50mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-200mg+", "duration": "4-5 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "A medium-strength opioid analgesic and analogue of morphine. Considered less potent than morphine but more potent than codeine, and has been used in Germany for this reason. Said to have a 'ceiling' effect where no more euphoric effects occurs with increased dosing. The drug is under investigation for it's use as a maintainance drug in opioid dependence therapy." }, "pweffects": { "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Constipation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Constipation", "Cough suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cough_suppression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Itchiness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Itchiness", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil constriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_constriction", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Stomach cramps": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stomach_cramps" } }, "ethylone": { "aliases": [ "bk-mdea" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "200-250mg", "Light": "125-175mg", "Strong": "250-400mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_bkMDEA.shtml" }, "name": "ethylone", "pretty_name": "Ethylone", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "bk-mdea" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 125-175mg Common: 200-250mg Strong: 250-400mg", "duration": "2-4 hours.", "onset": "30-45 minutes.", "summary": "A euphoric stimulant often sold in place of MDMA since methylone was banned. Slightly less potent and empathogenic than methylone, it is often described as more of a 'clean stimulant.'" } }, "ethylphenidate": { "aliases": [ "eph" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Ethylphenidate should NOT be insufflated as it is known to be highly caustic and will cause serious harm to the nasal septum, even with light usage. This drug reacts with users in varying ways, it is recommended to start low and increase dosages slowly.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "40-100mg", "Heavy": "150-200mg", "Light": "20-40mg", "Strong": "100-150mg" }, "Rectal": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Heavy": "50-75mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "30-50mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-6", "Oral": "4-10", "Rectal": "2-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Focus/mental clarity", "Abstract thinking", "Euphoria", "Stimulation", "Increased music appreciation", "Warm fuzzy body high", "Increased desire to talk", "Wakefulness", "increased sex drive", "Chest pain", "Vasoconstriction", "Jaw Tension", "Restlessness", "high blood pressure", "compulsion to redose", "paranoia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "1-10", "Oral": "45-120", "Rectal": "5-20" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Ethylphenidate.shtml" }, "name": "ethylphenidate", "pretty_name": "Ethylphenidate", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "eph" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 20-40mg Common: 40-100mg Strong: 100-150mg Heavy: 150-200mg | Rectal Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-50mg Heavy: 50-75mg | NOTE: Ethylphenidate should NOT be insufflated (see summary for more details). This drug reacts with users in varying ways, so start low and work your way up.", "duration": "Oral: 4-10 hours. | Insufflated: 2-6 hours. | Plugged: 2-6 hours.", "effects": "Focus/mental clarity, Abstract thinking, Euphoria, Stimulation, Increased music appreciation, Warm fuzzy body high, Increased desire to talk, Wakefulness, increased sex drive, Chest pain, Vasoconstriction, Jaw Tension, Restlessness, high blood pressure, compulsion to redose, paranoia", "onset": "Insufflated: 1-10 minutes | Plugged: 5-20 minutes | Oral: 45-120 minutes", "summary": "Potent psychostimulant, similar to Methylphenidate. Note: Ethylphenidate should NOT be insufflated as it is known to be highly caustic and will cause serious harm to your nasal septum, even with light usage." }, "pweffects": { "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10820132", "Ethylphenidate formation in human subjects after the administration of a single dose of methylphenidate and ethanol - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10820132", "Methylphenidate and its ethanol transesterification metabolite ethylphenidate: brain disposition, monoamine transporters and motor activity - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17218796" ] } }, "etizolam": { "aliases": [ "etiz", "etizest", "etilaam", "sedekopan", "depas", "etizola", "inxity", "zoly", "lamet", "towa" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg", "Light": "0.5-1mg", "Strong": "2-4mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "anxiolytic", "hypnotic", "sedative", "muscle relaxant", "amnesia", "dystaxia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-40" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Etizolam.shtml" }, "name": "etizolam", "pretty_name": "Etizolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-24 hours", "aliases": [ "etiz", "etizest", "etilaam", "sedekopan", "depas", "etizola", "inxity", "zoly", "lamet", "towa" ], "avoid": "Other depressants such as Alcohol and Opioids.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 0.5-1mg Common: 1-2mg Strong: 2-4mg+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Etizolam - 1mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "5-8 hours.", "effects": "anxiolytic, hypnotic, sedative, muscle relaxant, amnesia, dystaxia", "onset": "10-40 minutes", "summary": "A thienodiazepine anxiolytic. Similar in action to benzodiazepine drugs. Relieves anxiety, causes sedation and mild euphoria. High doses can lead to losing memory of what happened while on the drug. Users often compulsively redose frequently leading to accidental blackouts. Can be found in pressed pharmaceutical pills from various countries, clandestine pill presses, powder, or liquid solutions. It is prescribed in a variety of countries such as Italy and India.", "tolerance": "Slower than other benzodiazepines, also observed to have reverse-tolerance effect." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Temporary erectile dysfunction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temporary_erectile_dysfunction", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Etizolam in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: a controlled clinical trial. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2572494", "Molecular and neurochemical evaluation of the effects of etizolam on GABAA receptors under normal and stress conditions. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10083975", "[A patient with Parkinson's disease complicated by hypothyroidism who developed malignant syndrome after discontinuation of etizolam]. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12424963", "Low tolerance and dependence liabilities of etizolam: molecular, functional, and pharmacological correlates. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16107249", "Effects of treatment with etizolam 0.5 mg BID on cognitive performance: a 3-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-tr... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20110024", "[Comparison of four immunoassay screening devices for detection of benzodiazepine and its metabolites in urine: mainly detection of etizolam, thien... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21485120", "Etizolam in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: a controlled clinical trial. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2572494" ] } }, "etodesnitazene": { "aliases": [ "etazene" ], "name": "etodesnitazene", "pretty_name": "Etodesnitazene", "properties": { "aliases": [ "etazene" ] } }, "fasoracetam": { "categories": [ "research-chemical", "nootropic", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "10-25mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-45" }, "name": "fasoracetam", "pretty_name": "Fasoracetam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "categories": [ "research-chemical", "nootropic", "tentative" ], "dose": "Low: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-25mg.", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "onset": "10-45 minutes.", "summary": "A substance in the racetam family. The drug has been shown to reverse memory impairment caused by baclofen, a potent GABA(B) agonist. It additionally has been shown to inhibit baclofen-induced suppression of cyclic AMP formation. The drug is indicated to have a type of GABA(B) antagonistic action. The drug has been shown to reverse high-affinity choline uptake induced by electrolytic lesions of the basal forebrain and pentobarbital anesthesia. It additionally has indications of having antidepressant activity and through repeated dosage, up-regulation of GABA(B) receptors. Notably, the indications of antidepressant activity were noted to be isolated, not affecting monoamine uptake nor central monoaminergic transmission. In addition to not affecting B-adrenoceptors and 5HT2 receptors. Clinical studies of the drug have failed to show statistical signifigance in treatments for a variety of disorders, but further clinical trials are underway." } }, "fentanyl": { "aliases": [ "fent" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Due to Fentanyl's high potency, it is incredibly difficult to measure safely, which failure to do so can easily lead to overdose.", "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "25-50ug", "Light": "10-25ug", "Strong": "50-75ug+" }, "Transdermal": { "Common": "25-50ug/hr", "Light": "12.5ug/hr", "Strong": "50-100ug/hr" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Buccal": "1-4", "Insufflated": "1-4", "Transdermal": "48-72" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Analgesia", "euphoria", "feelings of relaxation", "sedative effects", "changes in focus", "attention", "respiratory depression", "nausea", "constipation", "dry mouth", "somnolence", "confusion", "weakness", "sweating", "fatigue", "dizziness", "anxiety" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Buccal": "15-30", "Insufflated": "5-15", "Transdermal": "90-180" }, "name": "fentanyl", "pretty_name": "Fentanyl", "properties": { "aliases": [ "fent", "TNT" ], "bioavailability": "Sublingual/Buccal 50% | Insufflated 70% | Transdermal 92%", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Intranasal Light: 10-25ug Common: 25-50ug Strong: 50-75ug+ | Transdermal Light: 12.5ug/hr Common: 25-50ug/hr Strong: 50-100ug/hr | NOTE: Due to Fentanyl's high potency, it is incredibly difficult to measure safely, and so can easily lead to overdose.", "duration": "Transdermal: 48-72 hours. | Buccal: 1-4 hours. | Insufflated: 1-4 hours.", "effects": "Analgesia, euphoria, feelings of relaxation, sedative effects, changes in focus, attention, respiratory depression, nausea, constipation, dry mouth, somnolence, confusion, weakness, sweating, fatigue, dizziness, anxiety", "onset": "Transdermal: 90-180 minutes. | Buccal: 15-30 ninutes | Insufflated: 5-15 minutes.", "summary": "Fentanyl is a synthetic opiate analgesic with a rapid onset and short duration of action. It is a strong agonist at the μ-opioid receptors and historically it is used to treat breakthrough pain. Fentanyl is approximately 100 times more potent than Morphine and is used as a transdermal skin pach, buccal tablet, nasal spray, inhalers, and more. It is often laced in other drugs, especailly opioids, leading to a high amount of deaths associated with this drug.", "warning": "Risk of post-acute withdrawal effects, including depression, anxiety disorder, psychosis, suicidal ideation in extreme cases." }, "pweffects": { "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Constipation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Constipation", "Cough suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cough_suppression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Itchiness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Itchiness", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil constriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_constriction", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation" } }, "flualprazolam": { "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-36" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "0.25-0.5mg", "Heavy": "1-2mg", "Light": "0.125-0.25mg", "Strong": "0.5-1mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-14" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "flualprazolam", "pretty_name": "Flualprazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-36 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 0.125-0.25mg Common: 0.25-0.5mg Strong: 0.5-1mg Heavy: 1-2mg", "duration": "6-14 hours.", "onset": "10-30 minutes.", "summary": "Fluorinated alprazolam has nearly double the half-life compared to its parent compound alprazolam. Additionally, the drugs potency has been reported to range from 1.5-5x stronger than alprazolam." } }, "flubromazepam": { "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "36" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "4-8mg", "Light": "2-4mg", "Strong": "8-12mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-18" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-90" }, "name": "flubromazepam", "pretty_name": "Flubromazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "36+ hours", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 2-4mg Common: 4-8mg Strong: 8-12mg+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Flubromazepam - 6-8mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "12-18 hours", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "15-90 minutes", "summary": "A benzodiazepine drug known for its extreme duration, with effects for larger doses reaching up to three days. The drugs effects are reported to be sedative, hypnotic and anxiolytic in nature. This compound is an analogue of Phenazepam. First discovered in the 1960s, it was never marketed as a licit drug, but has recently become available as a research chemical. Caution is recommended to not confuse it with Flubromazolam." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" } }, "flubromazolam": { "aliases": [ "f-lam", "flam" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: These doses are tentatively reported and it is highly recommended to do further research.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "200-400ug", "Light": "100-200ug", "Strong": "400-600ug+", "Threshold": "80ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Flubromazolam.shtml" }, "name": "flubromazolam", "pretty_name": "Flubromazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-24 hours", "aliases": [ "f-lam", "flam" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 80ug Light: 100-200ug Common: 200-400ug Strong: 400-600ug+ | NOTE: These doses are tentatively reported and it is highly recommended to do further research.", "dose_to_diazepam": "Flubromazolam - 0.25mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "6-12 hours", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "20-45 minutes.", "summary": "A very potent benzodiazepine derivative that is related to Triazolam and Pyrazolam. Popular in the research chemical scene, it is a potent sedative, hypnotic and anxiolytic drug. It has been reported to have potential effects of amnesia and reduced inhibitions in higher dosages. Caution is recommended to not confuse it with Flubromazepam." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" } }, "fluclotizolam": { "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "tentative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " Note: These doses are extremely tentative and will vary from user to user depending on many factors including, but not limited to, tolerance.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-14" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "250-500ug", "Heavy": "750ug+", "Light": "250ug", "Strong": "500-750ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "fluclotizolam", "pretty_name": "Fluclotizolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-14 hours.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "tentative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 250ug Common: 250-500ug Strong: 500-750ug Heavy: 750ug+ | Note: These doses are extremely tentative and will vary from user to user depending on many factors including but not limited to tolerance.", "duration": "3-6 hours.", "onset": "10-30 minutes.", "summary": "A derivative of Etizolam. There are conflicting reports on its dosage, though reports have suggested that it is approximately 3x the potency of Etizolam, with a shorter half-life." } }, "flunitrazepam": { "aliases": [ "roofies", "rohypnol" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg", "Heavy": "2-4mg+", "Light": "0.5-1mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "flunitrazepam", "pretty_name": "Flunitrazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "roofies", "rohypnol" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 0.5-1mg Common: 1-2mg Heavy: 2-4mg+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Flunitrazepam - 1mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "Known as Rohypnol or 'roofies,' this infamous drug has similar qualities to most other benzodiazepines; sedating with strong hypnotic effects. Despite being known as a 'date rape drug,' it has only been implicated in a small number of such crimes. The drug has risks of CNS depression that is increased in combination with other depressants. The drug may cause amnesia and lowered inhibitions in overdose." } }, "flunitrazolam": { "aliases": [ "fln" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "1-16", "Sublingual": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "80-150ug", "Light": "40-80ug", "Strong": "150-300ug.", "Threshold": "30-40ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Blackouts" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "10-30", "Sublingual": "5-15" }, "name": "flunitrazolam", "pretty_name": "Flunitrazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 1-16 hours. | Sublingual: 1-12 hours. | Note: This can be much longer on higher doses. Dosages between 0.5-1mg may cause after-effects that last up to roughly 36 hours.", "aliases": [ "fln" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Threshold: 30-40ug Light: 40-80ug Common: 80-150ug Strong: 150-300ug.", "duration": "4-5 hours", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Blackouts.", "onset": "Oral: 10-30 minutes. | Sublingual: 5-15 minutes.", "summary": "A very potent hypnotic Benzodiazepine. Triazolo version of Flunitrazepam." } }, "fluorolintane": { "categories": [ "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "dissociative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-150mg", "Heavy": "250mg+.", "Light": "75-100mg", "Strong": "150-250mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "fluorolintane", "pretty_name": "Fluorolintane", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-6 hours.", "categories": [ "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "dissociative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 75-100mg Common: 100-150mg Strong: 150-250mg Heavy: 250mg+.", "duration": "3-6 hours", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "A dissociative anaesthetic also known as 2-FPPP, very little is known about this obscure and rare drug. Reported by some to be stimulating, having effects similar to other dissociative drugs such as PCP and ketamine." } }, "fluorophenibut": { "categories": [ "tentative", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-150mg", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "200-250mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-120" }, "name": "fluorophenibut", "pretty_name": "Fluorophenibut", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "categories": [ "tentative", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-150mg Strong: 200-250mg+", "duration": "8-12 hours.", "onset": "60-120 minutes.", "summary": "An anxiolytic analogue of GABA and phenibut, with similar activity to the latter. Suggested to be 5-10x potent as phenibut, with some preliminary reports indicating tolerance builds more slowly." } }, "fluoxetine": { "aliases": [ "prozac", "sarafem" ], "categories": [ "ssri" ], "name": "fluoxetine", "pretty_name": "Fluoxetine", "properties": { "aliases": [ "prozac", "sarafem" ], "categories": [ "ssri" ] } }, "flurazepam": { "aliases": [ "dalmane" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-48" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "30-60mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-16" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-90" }, "name": "flurazepam", "pretty_name": "Flurazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-48 hours.", "aliases": [ "dalmane" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral 83%", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 5-10mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-60mg.", "dose_to_diazepam": "Flurazepam - 15-30mg's ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "12-16 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "45-90 minutes.", "summary": "Benzodiazepine with an extremely long half-life, between 40-250 hours. The drug is typically used for general anxiety disorder, and is reported to be sedating, hypnotic, anxiolytic. The drug may cause effects of amnesia and reduced inhibitions." } }, "flutazolam": { "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "10-15mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "flutazolam", "pretty_name": "Flutazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-15mg.", "duration": "3-8 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "10-30 minutes.", "summary": "A benzodiazepine derivative. It was invented in Japan, and has it reported to mainly be used there. The drug has similar potency to diazepam, yet produces a more marked sedation and impaired coordination. The drug is typically used as a treatment for insomnia. The drug is reported to have hypnotic and sedative effects and may cause amnesia and lowered inhibitions in high dosages." } }, "flutoprazepam": { "aliases": [ "restas" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "24-36" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1.5-3mg", "Light": "0.5-1mg", "Strong": "3-5mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-16" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "flutoprazepam", "pretty_name": "Flutoprazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "24-36 hours", "aliases": [ "restas" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 0.5-1mg Common: 1.5-3mg Strong: 3-5mg+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Flutoprazepam - ~2.5mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "12-16 hours", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "A potent benzodiazepine that is roughly 4-5x the potency of diazepam and has a longer duration. The drug is rarely seen outside of Japan. The drug is reported to have sedative, hypnotic and anxiolytic effects. The drug may cause amnesia and loss of inhibitions in excess. It is not recommended to mix with other depressants." } }, "fluvoxamine": { "aliases": [ "luvox", "faverin" ], "categories": [ "ssri" ], "name": "fluvoxamine", "pretty_name": "Fluvoxamine", "properties": { "aliases": [ "luvox", "faverin" ], "categories": [ "ssri" ] } }, "focalin": { "aliases": [ "dexmethylphenidate", "dextromethylphenidate" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-30mg", "Heavy": "40-50mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "30-40mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "9-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-90" }, "name": "focalin", "pretty_name": "Dexmethylphenidate", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "dexmethylphenidate", "dextromethylphenidate" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-30mg Strong: 30-40mg Heavy: 40-50mg", "duration": "9-12 hours", "onset": "45-90 minutes.", "summary": "The psychoactive isomer of methylphenidate, the drug is mainly used to treat ADHD. It is 2x as potent as methylphenidate, and is reported to have cleaner psychostimulant effects with fewer side effects." } }, "furanylfentanyl": { "aliases": [ "fu-f", "furanyl-fentanyl" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "opioid", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Very potent opioid, be very careful while dosing.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-3" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "400-800ug", "Light": "200-400ug", "Strong": "800-1600ug+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "500-900ug", "Light": "300-500ug", "Strong": "900-1600ug+." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-3" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "1-10" }, "name": "furanylfentanyl", "pretty_name": "Furanylfentanyl", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-3 hours.", "aliases": [ "fu-f", "furanyl-fentanyl" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "opioid", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 300-500ug Common: 500-900ug Strong: 900-1600ug+. | Insufflated Light: 200-400ug Common: 400-800ug Strong: 800-1600ug+ | NOTE: Very potent opioid, be very careful while dosing.", "duration": "1-3 hours.", "onset": "1-10 minutes.", "summary": "An extremely potent opioid analgesic and analogue of fentanyl. There is extremely limited information about this drug. It is believed to be slightly less potent and shorter in duration than butyrfentanyl. Exercising extreme caution is strongly recommended." } }, "g-130": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "name": "g-130", "pretty_name": "G-130", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "summary": "Stimulant that is related to Phenmetrazine. There is limited information about this drug." } }, "gaba": { "categories": [ "depressant", "supplement" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "400-800mg", "Light": "200-400mg", "Strong": "800-1600mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "5-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "15-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_GABA.shtml" }, "name": "gaba", "pretty_name": "GABA", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-2 hours.", "categories": [ "depressant", "supplement" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 200-400mg Common: 400-800mg Strong: 800-1600mg+", "duration": "Oral: 5-8 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-60 minutes.", "summary": "Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid. The supplement is often used for its calming effects. There is conflicting research if the drug crosses the blood brain barrier." } }, "gabapentin": { "aliases": [ "neurontin" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "600-900mg", "Light": "300-600mg", "Strong": "1200mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "gabapentin", "pretty_name": "Gabapentin", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "neurontin" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 300-600mg Common: 600-900mg Strong: 1200mg+", "duration": "5-12 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "30-90 minutes", "summary": "An analogue of GABA also known as Neurontin, the drug was originally developed to treat epilepsy. It is commonly prescribed for neuropathic pain. The drug has pronounced anxiolytic effects and is occasionally used to help treat anxiety disorders." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Seizure suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Seizure_suppression", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" } }, "gbl": { "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: 1ml = 1.66 grams of GHB. Dosages above 2ml may induce heavy sleep.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "0.6-1.5ml", "Dangerous": "5ml+", "Heavy": "2-3ml", "Light": "0.3-0.9ml", "Strong": "1.2-2ml" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_effects": [ "relaxation", "mood lift", "happiness", "sociability", "increased sex drive", "lowered inhibitions", "analgesia", "dystaxia", "drowsiness", "sleep", "amnesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_GBL.shtml" }, "name": "gbl", "pretty_name": "GBL", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-2 hours", "avoid": "Alcohol and other depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 0.3-0.9ml Common: 0.6-1.5ml Strong: 1.2-2ml Heavy: 2-3ml Dangerous: 5ml+ | NOTE: 1ml = 1.66g GHB. Tends to induce heavy sleep at 2ml and higher.", "duration": "1-2 hours", "effects": "relaxation, mood lift, happiness, sociability, increased sex drive, lowered inhibitions, analgesia, dystaxia, drowsiness, sleep, amnesia", "onset": "10-30 minutes", "summary": "A pro-drug to GHB whose rapid absorption leads it to have a faster onset and shorter duration." } }, "ghb": { "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "combos": { "diphenhydramine": { "note": "Both substances are CNS depressants and may potentiate each other strongly and unpredictably, raising the chances of memory loss, severe ataxia, and unconsciousness. The interaction may cause greater inhibition and risk of injury. If the user falls unconscious it is strongly recommended to put them into the recovery position and monitor breathing.", "sources": [ { "author": "William J Tharion, Donna J. McMenemy, Terry M. Rauch", "title": "Antihistamine Effects on the Central Nervous System, Cognitive Performance and Subjective States. ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1159/000119069" }, { "author": "Sicari V, Zabbo CP. Diphenhydramine.", "title": "Diphenhydramine", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/" }, { "author": "Couper FJ, Marinetti LJ.", "title": "γ-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) - Effects on Human Performance and Behavior ", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26256488/" }, { "author": "Busardò FP, Jones AW.", "title": "GHB Pharmacology and Toxicology: Acute Intoxication, Concentrations in Blood and Urine in Forensic Cases and Treatment of the Withdrawal Syndrome", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2174%2F1570159X13666141210215423" } ], "status": "Dangerous" } }, "dose_note": " NOTE: Tends to induce heavy sedation roughly at 3g and higher.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2.5g", "Dangerous": "7g+", "Heavy": "3.5-5g", "Light": "0.5-1.5g", "Strong": "2-3.5g" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1.5-2.5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Similar to alcohol", "but reported to feel 'cleaner'" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_GHB.shtml" }, "name": "ghb", "pretty_name": "GHB", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-4 hours", "avoid": "Alcohol, benzodiazepines, and other depressants", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 0.5-1.5g Common: 1-2.5g Strong: 2-3.5g Heavy: 3.5-5g Dangerous: 7g+ | NOTE: Tends to induce heavy sedation roughly at 3g and higher.", "duration": "1.5-2.5 hours", "effects": "Similar to alcohol, but subjectively 'cleaner'", "onset": "20-60 minutes", "summary": "A euphoric depressant which is prescribed as a sleep aid and sometimes to help with Alcohol detox. Also used as a recreational depressant, as a non-toxic alternative to Alcohol. Despite not having Alcohol's toxicity it is risky due to among other things inconsistent concentration in commonly sold solution form, and can be very dangerous if taken with other depressants." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "The presence of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) in alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15939164", "Pharmacological aspects of the combined use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) and gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB): a review of t.. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16234132" ] } }, "glaucine": { "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-150mg", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "150-200mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-90" }, "name": "glaucine", "pretty_name": "Glaucine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-150mg Strong: 150-200mg+", "duration": "6-8 hours.", "onset": "45-90 minutes.", "summary": "An alkaloid that is found in several different scpecies in the Papaveraceae family. It has anti inflammatory and antitussive effects." } }, "glutethimide": { "aliases": [ "doriden", "elrodorm", "noxyron", "glimid" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "500mg", "Light": "250mg", "Strong": "750mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-45" }, "name": "glutethimide", "pretty_name": "Glutethimide", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "doriden", "elrodorm", "noxyron", "glimid" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 250mg Common: 500mg Strong: 750mg+", "duration": "2-8 hours.", "onset": "30-45 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is a hypnotic sedative that was introduced in 1954, as a \"safe\" alternative to barbiturates to treat insomnia." } }, "halazepam": { "aliases": [ "paxipam" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-40" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-40mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "40-80mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-14" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "halazepam", "pretty_name": "Halazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "12-40 hours.", "aliases": [ "paxipam" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-40mg Strong: 40-80mg+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Halazepam - 20mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "8-14 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "A less common prescription benzodiazepine and derivative of Nordazepam. Also known as Paxipam, it is no longer prescribed in the USA. The drug is reported to have sedating, hypnotic and anxiolytic effects. Doses may induce amnesia and lowered inhibitions." } }, "halothane": { "categories": [ "depressant", "tentative" ], "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Halothane.shtml" }, "name": "halothane", "pretty_name": "Halothane", "properties": { "categories": [ "depressant", "tentative" ], "summary": "A powerful inhalant anaesthetic generally used in a medical setting to induce unconsciousness as a supplement with ketamine or fentanyl." } }, "hdep-28": { "aliases": [ "ethylnaphthidate" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "15-35mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "35-60mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "30-50mg", "Light": "15-30mg", "Strong": "50-100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "1-15" }, "name": "hdep-28", "pretty_name": "HDEP-28", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "ethylnaphthidate" ], "avoid": "Other stimulants.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 15-30mg Common: 30-50mg Strong: 50-100mg | Insufflated Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-35mg Strong: 35-60mg", "duration": "2-5 hours.", "onset": "1-15 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is suspected to be a SNDRI like HDMP-28 is proposed to be, there is a short history of human use." } }, "hdmp-28": { "aliases": [ "methylnaphtidate" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Light": "10-15", "Strong": "30-50mg+", "Threshold": "8-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "1-10" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_HDMP28.shtml" }, "name": "hdmp-28", "pretty_name": "HDMP-28", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "methylnaphtidate" ], "avoid": "Other stimulants.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 8-10mg Light: 10-15 Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-50mg+", "duration": "2-4 hours. (Dose dependent)", "onset": "1-10 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is commonly known as methylnapthidate. A functional stimulant similar to methylphenidate but with a longer duration. The drug is reported to not be especially recreational." } }, "heroin": { "aliases": [ "diamorphine" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose_note": " Note: Heroin dose varies greatly depending on quality and tolerance.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "20-35mg", "Heavy": "50-75mg", "Light": "7.5-20mg", "Strong": "35-50mg" }, "Intravenous": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Strong": "8-15mg" }, "Smoked": { "Common": "15-25mg", "Heavy": "30-50mg", "Light": "5-15mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "3-6", "Intravenous": "4-5", "Smoked": "3-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil Constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "10-15", "Intravenous": "0-5", "Smoked": "5-10" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Heroin.shtml" }, "name": "heroin", "pretty_name": "Heroin", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "diamorphine", "smack", "H", "big H", "black tar", "horse", "junk", "chiva", "hell dust" ], "bioavailability": "Oral 35% | Intramuscular 85%", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose": "Insufflated Light: 7.5-20mg Common: 20-35mg Strong: 35-50mg Heavy: 50-75mg | Smoked Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-25mg Strong 20-30mg Heavy: 30-50mg | Intravenous Common: 5-10mg Strong: 8-15mg | Note: Heroin dose varies greatly depending on quality and tolerance.", "duration": "Insufflated: 3-6 hours | IV: 4-5 hours | Smoked: 3-5 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil Constriction, Analgesia.", "half-life": "2-3 minutes", "marquis": "Deep purplish red", "onset": "Insufflated: 10-15 minutes | Smoked: 5-10 minutes | IV: 0-5 minutes", "summary": "A powerful opioid derived from Morphine, with 2-4x its potency. Infamous for a high addiction potential and fatal respiratory depression in overdose, C. R. Alder Wright first synthesised this compound in 1874 trying to find a less addictive alternative to Morphine. In recent years, it has often been sold cut with the extremely potent fentanyl, causing a spike in overdose deaths." }, "pweffects": { "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Constipation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Constipation", "Cough suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cough_suppression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Itchiness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Itchiness", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil constriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_constriction", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Disrupted white matter integrity in heroin dependence: a controlled study utilizing diffusion tensor imaging - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18720268", "The treatment of heroin addicts with dextromethorphan: a double-blind comparison of dextromethorphan with chlorpromazine - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2187002", "Effects of 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOM) and quipazine on heroin self-administration in rhesus monkeys - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22836370", "Heroin \"overdose\" death: contribution of drug-associated environmental cues - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7200260", "Methadone trials have proven successful in treating Heroin addiction - http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/656315", "Heroin has been linked to reduction in testosterone and DHT levels - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0300483X79900167" ] } }, "hexedrone": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: These doses are tentative and it is highly recommended to do further research.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "70-100mg", "Light": "50-70mg", "Strong": "100-125mg+", "Threshold": "30-50mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "hexedrone", "pretty_name": "Hexedrone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "avoid": "Other stimulants. ", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Threshold: 30-50mg Light: 50-70mg Common: 70-100mg Strong: 100-125mg+ | NOTE: These doses are tentative and it is highly recommended to do further research.", "duration": "1-4 hours.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "A rare mephedrone analogue also known as MACP, it is a cathinone stimulant with similar effects to pentedrone." } }, "hexen": { "aliases": [ "ethyl-hexedrone", "n-ethylhexedrone", "hex-en", "n-ethyl-hexedrone" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "stimulant", "habit-forming", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-40mg", "Light": "15-25mg", "Strong": "40-50mg+", "Threshold": "5-15mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Stimulation", "Dehydration", "Hypertension", "Tachychardia", "Increased alertness", "Euphoria", "Bruxism", "Loss of Inhibition", "Increase in energy" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "hexen", "pretty_name": "Hexen", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "ethyl-hexedrone", "n-ethylhexedrone", "hex-en", "n-ethyl-hexedrone" ], "avoid": "Stimulants, 2C-X compounds, CNS depressants, Tramadol, DXM, MXE.", "categories": [ "tentative", "stimulant", "habit-forming", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Threshold: 5-15mg Light: 15-25mg Common: 25-40mg Strong: 40-50mg+", "duration": "1-4 hours", "effects": "Stimulation, Dehydration, Hypertension, Tachychardia, Increased alertness, Euphoria, Bruxism, Loss of Inhibition, Increase in energy", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "A cathinone based stimulant. Hexen (aka Ethyl-Hexedrone) acts as an NDRI to produce it's effects, and as with most cathinones, it has a fast onset and short duration. This drug has very little history of human consumption and little to no clinical research. Further research and caution is advised." } }, "hexobarbital": { "categories": [ "barbiturate", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " Note: These dosages are extremely tentative.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-20mg", "Light": "10-15mg", "Strong": "20-30mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-45" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "1-2" }, "name": "hexobarbital", "pretty_name": "Hexobarbital", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "avoid": "All CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "barbiturate", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 10-15mg Common: 15-20mg Strong: 20-30mg | Note: These dosages are extremely tentative.", "duration": "30-45 minutes.", "onset": "1-2 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is barbiturate that was used for anesthesia during surgery. The drug has a very rapid onset and a short duration of effects." } }, "homomazindol": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "name": "homomazindol", "pretty_name": "Homomazindol", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "summary": "A potent analogue of mazindol, a rare, atypical stimulant drug and appetite suppressant occasionally prescribed in cases of severe obesity." } }, "homosildenafil": { "categories": [ "research-chemical" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-50mg", "Light": "10-25mg", "Strong": "50-100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-9" }, "name": "homosildenafil", "pretty_name": "Homosildenafil", "properties": { "categories": [ "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-25mg Common: 25-50mg Strong: 50-100mg", "duration": "5-9 hours.", "Oral": "Light: 10-25mg Common: 25-50mg Strong: 50-100mg.", "summary": "An analogue of sildenafil (Viagra) reported to have similar effects. The drug has been missold in certain 'herbal' blends and dietary supplements for sexual potency. THere is little known about the pharmacology or safety profile of the drug in humans. The drug is potentially less potent than sildenafil." } }, "hot-2": { "aliases": [ "hot2" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "12-15mg", "Light": "10-12mg", "Strong": "15-20mg+", "Threshold": "8mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_HOT2.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal087.shtml" }, "name": "hot-2", "pretty_name": "HOT-2", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "hot2" ], "avoid": "The drug is reported to have traces of 2C-T-2 in imperfect synthesis. As a result, individuals ingesting HOT-2 may run the risk of additionally ingesting 2C-T-2, which notably has MAOI properties.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Threshold: 8mg Light: 10-12mg Common: 12-15mg Strong: 15-20mg+", "duration": "5-12 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-40 minutes", "summary": "A rare psychedelic phenylethylamine that is the hydroxylated version and prodrug for 2C-T-2." } }, "hot-7": { "aliases": [ "hot7" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative", "empathogen" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: The dose curve is reported to be abnormal. As such, additional caution is advised when dosing. It is suggested that there may be MAOI effects as similiar with 2C-T-7.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-30mg", "Light": "15-20mg", "Strong": "30-40mg+", "Threshold": "15mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-180" }, "name": "hot-7", "pretty_name": "HOT-7", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "hot7" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative", "empathogen" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 15mg Light: 15-20mg Common: 20-30mg Strong: 30-40mg+ | NOTE: The dose curve is reported to be abnormal. As such, additional caution is advised when dosing. It is suggested that there may be MAOI effects as similiar with 2C-T-7.", "duration": "5-8 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "60-180 minutes.", "summary": "A rather rare psychedelic phenylethylamine that is the hydroxylated version and prodrug for 2C-T-7." } }, "huperzine-a": { "aliases": [ "h-a" ], "categories": [ "nootropic", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " Note: This substance is typically taken once a day and \"cycled\" off after 2-4 weeks. The optimal dosing regime is unknown. Insufflated dosages are the same as oral.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-14" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "75-150ug", "Light": "50-75ug", "Strong": "150ug-200ug." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "6-12", "Oral": "8-14" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "1-2", "Oral": "10-20" }, "name": "huperzine-a", "pretty_name": "HUPERZINE-A", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-14 hours.", "aliases": [ "h-a" ], "avoid": "Anticholinergic drugs, including first-generation antihistamines, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, cholinergic drugs- as it may add to the negative side-effects.", "categories": [ "nootropic", "tentative" ], "dose": "Insufflated Light: 50-75ug Common: 75-150ug Strong: 150ug-200ug. | Note: This substance is typically taken once a day, and \"cycled\" off after 2-4 weeks. The optimal dosing regime is unknown. Insufflated dosages are the same as oral.", "duration": "Oral: 8-14 hours. | Insufflated: 6-12 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 10-20 minutes. | Insufflated: 1-2 minutes.", "summary": "A compound that is extracted from the herbs of Huperziceae family. Is known as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, which stops an enzyme from breaking down acetylcholine which results in increased acetylcholine. The drug is currently in preliminary trials for treating Alzheimer's." } }, "hydrocodone": { "aliases": [ "vicodin", "hydro" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-25mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "25-40mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Hydrocodone.shtml" }, "name": "hydrocodone", "pretty_name": "Hydrocodone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "vicodin", "hydro" ], "avoid": "Alcohol due to CNS depression. Grapefruit juice, which inhibits enzymes that leads to increased abosrbtion rate, risking possible overdose.", "bioavailability": "Oral 70-85%", "categories": [ "depressant", "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-25mg Strong: 25-40mg.", "duration": "4-8 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "10-60 minutes depending on stomach contents.", "summary": "A codeine-derived opioid generally unheard of outside the United States. Reported to be weaker in subjective effects, the drug is used as an analgesic, cough-suppresant, and recreationally." }, "pweffects": { "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Constipation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Constipation", "Cough suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cough_suppression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Itchiness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Itchiness", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil constriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_constriction", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation" } }, "hydromorphone": { "aliases": [ "dilaudid", "diluadid" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "3-4mg", "Light": "1-2mg", "Strong": "4-8mg+" }, "Intravenous": { "Common": "2-4mg", "Light": "1-2mg", "Strong": "4-6mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "3-4mg", "Light": "1-2mg", "Strong": "4-8mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-3", "Intravenous": "1-2", "Oral": "3-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil Constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Intravenous": "0-1", "Oral": "30-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Hydromorphone.shtml" }, "name": "hydromorphone", "pretty_name": "Hydromorphone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "dilaudid", "diluadid" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral 51.35% +/- 29.29% | Insufflated 52.4% | Rectal 36.33% +/- 29.6%", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 1-2mg Common: 3-4 Strong: 4-8mg+ | Insufflated Light: 1-2mg Common: 3-4mg Strong: 4-8mg+ | Intravenous Light: 1-2mg Common: 2-4mg Strong: 4-6mg+", "duration": "Oral: 3-4 hours | Insufflated: 2-3 hours | Intravenous: 1-2 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil Constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "Oral 30-60 minutes | Insufflated 5-10 minutes | Intravenous 0-1 minutes", "summary": "An opioid that is roughly 5x the potency of IV Morphine. The drug comes in IR tablets in the US, and XR in most other countries. It is frequently used in hospitals for short immediate pain relief during procedures that require the patient to be awake. The drug is also used recreationally." } }, "hydroxyzine": { "aliases": [ "vistaril", "atarax" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "deliriant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Hydroxyzine.shtml" }, "name": "hydroxyzine", "pretty_name": "Hydroxyzine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "vistaril", "atarax" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "deliriant" ], "dose": "Oral Common: 25-100mg", "duration": "3-5 hours.", "onset": "20-60 minutes.", "summary": "A antihistamine drug commonly prescribed for anxiety, itchiness, nausea, and insomnia. Hydroxyzine has also been used to potentiate the analgesia of opioids as well as diminishing negative effects of opioids, such as itchiness." } }, "ibogaine": { "aliases": [ "iboga" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "opioid", "dissociative", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "24-72" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "16-22mg/kg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "24-30" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Addiction help", "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil constriction", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-180" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Ibogaine.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal25.shtml" }, "name": "ibogaine", "pretty_name": "Ibogaine", "properties": { "after-effects": "24-72 hours", "aliases": [ "iboga" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "opioid", "dissociative", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Common: 16-22mg/kg NOTE: Doses are for Ibogaine HCL. Potency of ibogaine root bark can vary from roughly 2.5-6% ibogaine content.", "duration": "24-30 hours", "effects": "Addiction help, Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil constriction, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "45-180 minutes", "summary": "An alkaloid found in many plants in Africa, most famously Iboga, that has psychedelic and hallucinogenic properties. Reported to often be unpleasant. Traditionally used in tribal environments for coming-of-age rituals, it has recently been used as an alternative treatment for substance use disorders. There is on-going research on the efficacy of this. The drug has numerous risks and has killed in overdose. Further research and caution is strongly advised." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Toxicity of ibogaine is associated with a lengthened QT interval in the electrophysiology of the heart - http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc0804248#t=article", "signs of neurotoxicity found in animal testing - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030645229390500F" ] } }, "ibuprofen": { "categories": [ "common" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "400-800mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1" }, "name": "ibuprofen", "pretty_name": "Ibuprofen", "properties": { "avoid": "Alcoholic beverages, other NSAIDs.", "categories": [ "common" ], "dose": "Common: 400-800mg's.", "duration": "4-6 hours. ER formulations up to 12 hours.", "onset": "within an hour.", "summary": "A ubiquitously available pain reliever/fever reducer. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is available in many forms. It is occasionally used to reduce the body-load caused by certain drugs, such as stimulants." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Ibuprofen: pharmacology, efficacy and safety - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19949916", "Coronary arterial vasodilator effect of ibuprofen - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053413" ] } }, "ic-26": { "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-48" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Heavy": "35mg+", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-35mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-24" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Analgesia", "Euphoria", "Sedation", "Respiratory depression", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Dry mouth", "Pupil constriction", "Physical relaxation" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/bulletin/bulletin_1963-01-01_1_page005.html" }, "name": "ic-26", "pretty_name": "Methiodone", "properties": { "after-effects": "6–48 hours. Drug effects lasting up to 24 hours were reported in some subjects following single oral doses.", "aliases": [ "IC-26", "I-C-26", "WIN 1161-3", "Methiodone" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral (exact value unknown).", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-35mg+. NOTE: In controlled human studies, single oral doses below approximately 25 mg often produced no definite subjective effects, while morphine-like effects became consistent at higher doses.", "duration": "Oral 6–24 hours. In human studies, effects were sometimes reported for as long as 24 hours after a single oral dose.", "effects": "Analgesia, Euphoria, Sedation, Respiratory depression, Mood lift, Itchiness, Dry mouth, Pupil constriction, Physical relaxation.", "half-life": "Unknown.", "note": "Please be aware that with research chemicals purchased from grey-market vendors, one can never be 100% certain of the actual amount or purity of the active compound. Tread lightly.", "onset": "45–120 minutes.", "summary": "Methiodone (IC-26, WIN 1161-3) is a synthetic opioid analgesic and methadone analogue developed by Sterling Drug Inc. In human studies, low oral doses frequently produced no clear subjective effects, while higher doses induced morphine-like effects with significant inter-individual variability. Twenty-four-hour substitution studies demonstrated that IC-26 effectively suppressed morphine withdrawal, and its addiction liability was concluded to be comparable to morphine." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Wolbach AB, Fraser HF. Addiction Liability of I-C-26. Bulletin on Narcotics, 1963.", "Janssen PA. Synthetic Analgesics Vol. 1. Pergamon Press, 1960.", "Lednicer D. Central Analgetics. Wiley, 1982.", "US Patent 2,618,640 – Certain Amino Hydrocarbon Sulfones and Process of Preparation (Archer, Suter, Tullar; Sterling Drug Inc.)." ] } }, "indapex": { "aliases": [ "5-meo-tmt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " Note: Very atypical dosing curve, caution is advised.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75-100mg", "Light": "60-75mg", "Strong": "100-150mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-50" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_5MeOTMT.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal45.shtml" }, "name": "indapex", "pretty_name": "Indapex", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "5-meo-tmt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 60-75mg Common: 75-100mg Strong: 100-150mg. | Note: Very atypical dosing curve, caution is advised.", "duration": "5-10 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-50 minutes.", "summary": "5-MEO-TMT is one of Alexander Shulgin's lesser known discoveries. A psychedelic tryptamine with very limited information on its effects on humans." } }, "indapyrophenidone": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "40-60mg", "Heavy": "90mg+", "Light": "20-40mg", "Strong": "60-90mg" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "10-25mg", "Heavy": "50mg+.", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "25-50mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-3", "Vapourized": "1-1.5" }, "name": "indapyrophenidone", "pretty_name": "Indapyrophenidone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Vapourized Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-25mg Strong: 25-50mg Heavy: 50mg+. | Insufflated Light: 20-40mg Common: 40-60mg Strong: 60-90mg Heavy: 90mg+", "duration": "Vapourized: 1-1.5 hours | Insufflated: 1-3 hours", "summary": "Indane analogue of Pyrophenidone, a NDRI stimulant with a short duration." } }, "isomethadone": { "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "2.5-7.5mg", "Light": "1.5-2.5mg", "Strong": "7.5-15mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "30-40" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "isomethadone", "pretty_name": "Isomethadone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 1.5-2.5mg Common: 2.5-7.5mg Strong: 7.5-15mg", "duration": "30-40 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "30-90 minutes", "summary": "A rare pharmaceutical drug known as isoamidone, this opioid analgesic and methadone analogue was withdrawn from the market and is seldom seen today. Rarely abused, reports state it is around 2x potentcy of methadone, and reports indicate euphoric effects." } }, "isophenmetrazine": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "5-15mg", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "20-40mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-50mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "3-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "15-30" }, "name": "isophenmetrazine", "pretty_name": "Isophenmetrazine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "avoid": "Other stimulants.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-50mg+ | Insufflated Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-15mg Strong: 20-40mg+", "duration": "Oral: 3-5 hours. Insufflated: 2-4 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes. Insufflated: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "Rare and little known analogue of phenmetrazine, which is slightly more potent than other analogues. It is suspected to be a stimulating, appetite supressing drug with high misuse potential. The drug is suspected to be a dopamine and/or norepinephrine releasing agent." } }, "isopropylphenidate": { "aliases": [ "iph", "ipph", "ippd", "ipp" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "stimulant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Light": "7-10mg", "Strong": "15-30mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Isopropylphenidate.shtml" }, "name": "isopropylphenidate", "pretty_name": "Isopropylphenidate", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "iph", "ipph", "ippd", "ipp" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "stimulant" ], "dose": "Light: 7-10mg Common: 10-15mg Strong: 15-30mg+", "duration": "3-6 hours", "onset": "<30 minutes.", "summary": "IPPH is a novel piperidine based methylphenidate analogue and NDRI stimulant. It is reported to have less physical side effects." }, "pweffects": { "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Isopropylphenidate: an ester homolog of methylphenidate with sustained and selective dopaminergic activity and reduced drug interaction liability. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24261661" ] } }, "isoproscaline": { "aliases": [ "ip" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-60mg", "Light": "40-50mg", "Strong": "60-80mg+", "Threshold": "30mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "10-20" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-180" }, "name": "isoproscaline", "pretty_name": "Isoproscaline", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "ip" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 30mg Light: 40-50mg Common: 50-60mg Strong: 60-80mg+", "duration": "10-20 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "60-180 minutes.", "summary": "A analogue of mescaline, closely related to proscaline." } }, "jenkem": { "categories": [ "deliriant", "tentative" ], "name": "jenkem", "pretty_name": "Jenkem", "properties": { "categories": [ "deliriant", "tentative" ], "summary": "-" } }, "kanna": { "categories": [ "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " Note: We recommend against insufflating this substance, it is extremely painful and damaging to the nasal cavity.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "20-50mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "50-150mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "500-1000mg", "Light": "250-500mg", "Strong": "1000-2000mg" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Light": "30-50mg", "Strong": "100-250mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "60-150", "Oral": "180-360", "Vapourized": "90-150" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral": "30-90", "Smoked": "1-2" }, "name": "kanna", "pretty_name": "Kanna", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "avoid": "Other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 250-500mg Common: 500-1000mg Strong: 1000-2000mg | Insufflated Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-50mg Strong: 50-150mg+ | Vapourized Light: 30-50mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-250mg. | Note: We recommend against insufflating this substance, it is extremely painful and damaging to the nasal cavity.", "duration": "Oral 180-360 minutes. | Insufflated: 60-150 minutes. | Vapourized: 90-150 minutes", "onset": "Oral: 30-90 minutes. | Smoking: 1-2 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "A South African plant containing numerous psychoactive alkaloids, including mesembrine and mesembrenone. The first written account of the substance was in 1662. The pharmacology of these compounds is poorly understood, but they are suspected to be serotonin uptake inhibitors and potentially monoamine releasers. The drug is reported to suppress appetite, produce mild euphoria and reduce anxiety." } }, "kava": { "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Doses are given for pure kavalactones, usually 5-20% of kava.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "9-18" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "70-150mg", "Heavy": "300mg+", "Light": "50-70mg", "Strong": "150-200mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Kava.shtml" }, "name": "kava", "pretty_name": "Kava", "properties": { "after-effects": "9-18 hours.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-70mg Common: 70-150mg Strong: 150-200mg Heavy: 300mg+ | NOTE: Doses are given for pure kavalactones, usually 5-20% of kava.", "duration": "3-6 hours", "onset": "20-30 minutes", "summary": "Tropical evergreen shrub with large heart-shaped leaves and woody stems. It's thick roots are mashed or ground and made into a cold and bitter-tasting beverage used similarly to alcohol. It has a long history of ritual and recreational use in Pacific Polynesia and is now a common herbal product, used widely by those in certain societies as part of a 'Kava Culture.'" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "clinical trials show that Kava significantly lowers anxiety compared to placebo - Mosby's Dental Drug Reference Ninth Edition 2010" ] } }, "ketamine": { "aliases": [ "k", "ket", "kitty", "kittens", "special k" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "habit-forming", "common" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "2c-x": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "alcohol": { "note": "Both substances cause ataxia and bring a very high risk of vomiting and unconsciousness. If the user falls unconscious while under the influence there is a severe risk of vomit aspiration if they are not placed in the recovery position.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "No unexpected interactions, though likely to increase blood pressure but not an issue with sensible doses. Moving around on high doses of this combination may be ill advised due to risk of physical injury.", "status": "Caution" }, "amt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "benzodiazepines": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position.", "status": "Caution" }, "caffeine": { "note": "No unexpected interactions.", "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "cannabis": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "cocaine": { "note": "No unexpected interactions, though likely to increase blood pressure but not an issue with sensible doses. Moving around on high doses of this combination may be ill advised due to risk of physical injury.", "status": "Caution" }, "dextromethorphan": { "note": "Both substances primarily exert their effects through NMDA antagonism. Currently, there is no evidence regarding mechanisms that might reduce these effects.", "sources": [ { "author": "Jeanna M. Marraffa", "title": "Dextromethorphan", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-824315-2.00127-5" }, { "author": "Georges Mion, Thierry Villevieille", "title": "Ketamine Pharmacology: An Update (Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Aspects, Recent Findings)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/cns.12099" }, { "author": "P. Klepstad, P. C. Borchgrevink", "title": "Four years' treatment with ketamine and a trial of dextromethorphan in a patient with severe post-herpetic neuralgia", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-6576.1997.tb04709.x" }, { "author": "Stephen M. Stahl", "title": "Mechanism of action of dextromethorphan/quinidine: comparison with ketamine", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S109285291300062X" }, { "author": "A M Hughes,1 J Rhodes,1 G Fisher,2 M Sellers,3 and J W Growcott1", "title": "Assessment of the effect of dextromethorphan and ketamine on the acute nociceptive threshold and wind-up of the second pain response in healthy male volunteers", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2125.2002.01602.x" }, { "author": "Keiji Tabuchi, MD, Zenya Ito, MD, Shigeki Tsuji, MD, Akira Hara, MD, Tetsuro Wada, MD, Jun Kusakari, MD", "title": "Effect of Ketamine, Dextromethorphan, and MK-801 on Cochlear Dysfunction Induced by Transient Ischemia", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/000348940211100107" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "diphenhydramine": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. Ketamine has a high likelihood of increasing DPH's deliriant effects at higher dosages and can greatly increase the risk of injury, mania, and psychosis. Medical dosages of both substances are unlikely to cause concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Bylund, W., Delahanty, L., & Cooper, M.", "title": "The Case of Ketamine Allergy. Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine, 1(4), 323–325. (2017)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.5811/cpcem.2017.7.34405" }, { "author": "Clark, J. H., Meltzer, E. O., & Naclerio, R. M.", "title": "Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye. World Allergy Organization Journal, 18(2), 101027. (2025)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027" }, { "author": "Rosenbaum, S. B., Gupta, V., Patel, P., & Palacios, J. L.", "title": "Ketamine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. (2025)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470357/" }, { "author": "Sicari, V., Patel, P., & Zabbo, C. P.", "title": "Diphenhydramine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. (2025)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "dmt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "dox": { "note": "Ketamine and psychedelics tend to potentiate each other - go slowly.", "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "ghb/gbl": { "note": "Both substances cause ataxia and bring a risk of vomiting and unconsciousness. If the user falls unconscious while under the influence there is a severe risk of vomit aspiration if they are not placed in the recovery position.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "lithium": { "note": "Lithium may enhance and prolong the antidepressant effects of ketamine.", "sources": [ { "author": "Costi, S., Soleimani, L., Glasgow, A., Brallier, J., Spivack, J., Schwartz, J., Levitch, C. F., Richards, S., Hoch, M., Stade, E. C., Welch, A., Collins, K. A., Feder, A., Iosifescu, D. V., Charney, D. S., & Murrough, J. W. (2019)", "title": "Lithium continuation therapy following ketamine in patients with treatment resistant unipolar depression: a randomized controlled trial. Neuropsychopharmacology, 44(10), 1812–1819.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-019-0365-0" }, { "author": "Diazgranados, N., Ibrahim, L., Brutsche, N. E., Newberg, A., Kronstein, P., Khalife, S., Kammerer, W. A., Quezado, Z., Luckenbaugh, D. A., Salvadore, G., Machado-Vieira, R., Manji, H. K., & Zarate, C. A. (2010)", "title": "A Randomized Add-on Trial of an N-methyl-D-aspartate Antagonist in Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67(8), 793.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.90" }, { "author": "Price, J. B., Yates, C. G., Morath, B. A., Van De Wakker, S. K., Yates, N. J., Butters, K., Frye, M. A., McGee, S. L., & Tye, S. J. (2021)", "title": "Lithium augmentation of ketamine increases insulin signaling and antidepressant-like active stress coping in a rodent model of treatment-resistant depression. Translational Psychiatry, 11(1), 1–12.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01716-w" }, { "author": "Scheuing, L., Chiu, C.-T., Liao, H.-M., & Chuang, D.-M. (2015)", "title": "Antidepressant mechanism of ketamine: perspective from preclinical studies. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 9.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2015.00249" }, { "author": "Toulany, J., Cunningham, J. E. A., & Nunes, A. (2025)", "title": "Overlap and Divergence in Ketamine and Lithium Response in Bipolar Disorder: A Scoping Review. Pharmaceuticals, 18(11), 1662.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18111662" }, { "author": "Wilkowska, A., Szałach, Ł., & Cubała, W. J. (2020)", "title": "Ketamine in Bipolar Disorder: A Review. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 16, 2707–2717.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S282208" } ], "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "lsd": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "maois": { "note": "MAO-B inhibitors appear to increase the potency of Ketamine. MAO-A inhbitors have some negative reports associated with the combination but there isn't much information available", "status": "Caution" }, "mdma": { "note": "No unexpected interactions, though likely to increase blood pressure but not an issue with sensible doses. Moving around on high doses of this combination may be ill advised due to risk of physical injury.", "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mescaline": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mushrooms": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mxe": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "nbomes": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "nitrous": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "opioids": { "note": "Both substances bring a risk of vomiting and unconsciousness. If the user falls unconscious while under the influence there is a severe risk of vomit aspiration if they are not placed in the recovery position.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "pcp": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "pregabalin": { "note": "Pregabalin and ketamine may synergize and increase each other's negative side effects such as nausea, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. Caution is advised for beyond medical dosages due to seizure concerns, and medical dosages for individuals with higher risk seizure profiles and or behavior.", "sources": [ { "author": "Anwar, S., Cooper, J., Rahman, J., Sharma, C., & Langford, R. (2019)", "title": "Prolonged Perioperative Use of Pregabalin and Ketamine to Prevent Persistent Pain after Cardiac Surgery. Anesthesiology, 131(1), 119–131.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000002751" }, { "author": "Arendt-Nielsen, L., Mansikka, H., Staahl, C., Rees, H., Tan, K., Smart, T. S., Monhemius, R., Suzuki, R., & Drewes, A. M. (2011)", "title": "A Translational Study of the Effects of Ketamine and Pregabalin on Temporal Summation of Experimental Pain. Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, 36(6), 585–591.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/AAP.0b013e31822b0db0" }, { "author": "Az, A., & Doğan, Y. (2024)", "title": "Unexpected consequences: A case of ketamine‑induced seizure in procedural sedation. Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine, 24(4), 259–261.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.4103/tjem.tjem_67_24" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben‐Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin Pharmacology and Its Relevance to Clinical Practice. Epilepsia, 45(s6), 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures: A historical-controlled trial. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N., & Livingston, J. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti‐epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kim, J. H., Lee, C. K., Yu, S. H., Min, B. D., Chung, C. E., & Kim, D. C. (2021)", "title": "Ketamine-induced generalized convulsive seizure during procedural sedation. Archives of Craniofacial Surgery, 22(2), 119–121.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7181/acfs.2021.00094" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Martinez, V., Cymerman, A., Ben Ammar, S., Fiaud, J. F., Rapon, C., Poindessous, F., Judet, T., Chauvin, M., Bouhassira, D., Sessler, D., Mazoit, X., & Fletcher, D. (2014)", "title": "The analgesic efficiency of combined pregabalin and ketamine for total hip arthroplasty: a randomised, double‐blind, controlled study. Anaesthesia, 69(1), 46–52.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.12495" }, { "author": "Shehata, I. M., Kohaf, N. A., ElSayed, M. W., Latifi, K., Aboutaleb, A. M., & Kaye, A. D. (2024)", "title": "Ketamine: Pro or antiepileptic agent? A systematic review. Heliyon, 10(2), e24433.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24433" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Zhou, Y., Sun, W., Fu, Y., Wang, J., Fan, J., Liang, Y., Jia, W., & Han, R. (2024)", "title": "Effect of esketamine combined with pregabalin on acute postsurgical pain in patients who underwent resection of spinal neoplasms: a randomized controlled trial. Pain, 165(9), e96–e105.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003211" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "ssris": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "tramadol": { "status": "Dangerous" } }, "dose_note": " NOTE: Ketamine is based on weight. These are figures for the average 150 pound male There is no concrete dose for the \"K-Hole\" as each user is different.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "50-125mg", "Heavy": "175-250mg", "Light": "20-50mg", "Strong": "125-175mg", "Threshold": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_effects": [ "A feeling of drunkenness and well being at low doses", "As dose increases the user may begin to feel a disconnection from their body", "At 'khole' doses the user may become completely disconnected from both body and mind" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "7.5-20", "Intramuscular": "2-7.5", "Intravenous": "0-2", "Oral": "10-75" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Ketamine.shtml" }, "name": "ketamine", "pretty_name": "Ketamine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-2 hours", "aliases": [ "k", "ket", "kitty", "kittens" ], "avoid": "Driving, walking, motor activity. Mixing with other depressants such as alcohol, benzodiazepines, and opioids.", "categories": [ "dissociative", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Insufflated Threshold: 5-10mg Light: 20-50mg Common: 50-125mg Strong: 125-175mg Heavy: 175-250mg | NOTE: Ketamine is based on weight. These are figures for the average 150 pound male There is no concrete dose for the \"K-Hole\" as each user is different.", "duration": "1-2 hours", "effects": "A feeling of drunkenness and well being at low doses. As dose increases the user may begin to feel a disconnection from their body. At 'khole' doses the user may become completely disconnected from both body and mind.", "molecule": "http://wiki.tripsit.me/images/7/76/Ketamine.png", "onset": "Insufflated: 7.5-20 minutes | Oral: 10-75 minutes | Intramuscular: 2-7.5 minutes | Intravenous: 0-2 minutes", "summary": "A short-acting dissociative anaesthetic and hallucinogen commonly used in medicine. It is the prototypical dissociative, and is widely used at sub-anesthetic doses recreationally. Small doses are comparable with alcohol, while larger doses are immobilising and lead to psychedelic experiences: the \"K-Hole.\"" }, "pweffects": { "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Auditory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_suppression", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Consciousness disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Consciousness_disconnection", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Depersonalization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depersonalization", "Derealization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Derealization", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Double vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision", "Environmental cubism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_cubism", "Environmental orbism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_orbism", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Frame rate suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frame_rate_suppression", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Pattern recognition suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_suppression", "Perception of decreased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_decreased_weight", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Perspective distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_distortions", "Physical autonomy": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_autonomy", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Subconscious communication": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Subconscious_communication", "Suggestibility enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Suggestibility_enhancement", "Synaesthesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Synaesthesia", "Tactile disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_disconnection", "Tactile suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_suppression", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Visual disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_disconnection", "Visual sliding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_sliding" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Comparative and interactive human psychopharmacologic effects of ketamine and amphetamine: implications for glutamatergic and dopaminergic model ps.. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16143730", "The effect of ketamine on opioid-induced acute tolerance: can it explain reduction of opioid consumption with ketamine-opioid analgesic combinations - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11094005", "Subanesthetic ketamine infusion therapy: a retrospective analysis of a novel therapeutic approach to complex regional pain syndrome - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15367304", "Effects of ketamine on precipitated opiate withdrawal - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16963828", "Low-dose ketamine with multimodal postcesarean delivery analgesia: a randomized controlled trial - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21224020", "Chronic ketamine exposure induces permanent impairment of brain functions in adolescent cynomolgus monkeys - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23145560", "GLYX-13, a NMDA receptor glycine-site functional partial agonist, induces antidepressant-like effects without ketamine-like side effects - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23303054", "From \"Special K\" to \"Special M\": the evolution of the recreational use of ketamine and methoxetamine - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23421859", "Daily oral ketamine for the treatment of depression and anxiety in patients receiving hospice care: a 28-day open-label proof-of-concept trial - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23805864", "Brain damages in ketamine addicts as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23882190", "Antidepressant efficacy of ketamine in treatment-resistant major depression: a two-site randomized controlled trial - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23982301", "Are sexes affected differently by ketamine? An exploratory study in ketamine users - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24106975", "Therapeutic infusions of ketamine: do the psychoactive effects matter - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24480515", "The absolute bioavailability of racemic ketamine from a novel sublingual formulation - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24977293", "The mood stabilizer lithium potentiates the antidepressant-like effects and ameliorates oxidative stress induced by acute ketamine in a mouse model.. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25548109", "The promise of ketamine for treatment-resistant depression: current evidence and future directions - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25649308", "Antidepressants do not increase the lethality of ketamine in mice - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849728", "Effect of ketamine, an NMDA receptor inhibitor, in acute and chronic orofacial pain - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7659431", "Ketamine and norketamine plasma concentrations after i.v., nasal and rectal administration in children - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8881626", "Tissue distribution of ketamine in a mixed drug fatality - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9397567", "[From the racemate to the eutomer: (S)-ketamine. Renaissance of a substance?] - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9451486", "Chronic abuse has led to a case of kidney and liver damage http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24982568", "ketamine in the hospital setting can raise blood pressure and is something to be considered when using it: \"Emergency care in the streets\"", "Ketamine shows promise in treating suicidal ideation in patients with depression - http://www.biologicalpsychiatryjournal.com/article/S0006-3223(09)00519-8/abstract" ] } }, "ketazolam": { "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "30-60mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "ketazolam", "pretty_name": "Ketazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-12 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-60mg+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Ketazolam - 15-30mg's roughly equal to 10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "8-12 hours.", "onset": "30-90 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is a benzodiazepine derivative, that is reported to have similar effects to diazepam, with reportedly milder side-effects. The drug is marketed in a few countries." } }, "ketobemidone": { "aliases": [ "kbd" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "5mg", "Strong": "10-15mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "45-60" }, "name": "ketobemidone", "pretty_name": "Ketobemidone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "kbd" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral 34% +/- 10% | Rectal 44% +/- 9%", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-15mg.", "duration": "Oral: 4-8 hours Insufflated: 2-4 hours. Plugged: 5-10 hours. Intravenious: 2-4 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "half-life": "2.25-2.45 Hours.", "onset": "Oral: 45-60 minutes. Insufflated: 5-15 minutes. Plugged: 15-30 minutes.", "summary": "An opioid analgesic drug that additionally acts as an NDMA antagonist. Found to be as potent as morphine in physical side effects, and has a high risk of substance abuse disorder. Overdose may lead to respiratory depression and further, death. It is strongly recommended against mixing with CNS depressants. Additional caution is advised for asthmatic users due to CNS depression risk." } }, "khat": { "categories": [ "habit-forming", "stimulant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-10" }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-120" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "10-15" }, "name": "khat", "pretty_name": "Khat", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-10 hours.", "aliases": [ "gat", "qat", "chat" ], "avoid": "Other stimulants", "categories": [ "habit-forming", "stimulant" ], "duration": "30-120 minutes.", "onset": "Chewed: 10-15 minutes", "summary": "A shrub whose leaves contain Cathinone and Cathine, they are typically chewed for the stimulant effect they provide. There is a very long history of human use for this drug." } }, "kratom": { "categories": [ "opioid", "stimulant", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose_note": " Note: This is for plain leaf only. Some users experience stronger effects from lower doses compared to higher doses. It also is very different person to person, it is recommended to use this as an outline, as it will change batch to batch and even dose to dose.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1.5-3g", "Light": "0.5-1.5g", "Strong": "3-6g" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Simultaneous stimulation & sedation", "Feelings of empathy", "Feelings of euphoria", "Aphrodisiac qualities for some people", "Vivid waking dreams", "Useful with physical labor" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-40" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Kratom.shtml" }, "name": "kratom", "pretty_name": "Kratom", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "categories": [ "opioid", "stimulant", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "detection": "Kratom use is not detected by typical drug screening tests, but its metabolites can be detected by more specialized testing.", "dose": "Light: 0.5-1.5g Common: 1.5-3g Strong: 3-6g | Note: This is for plain leaf only. Some users experience stronger effects from lower doses in contrast to higher doses. It also is varies between person to person. The doses here are recommended for use as an outline, as it will change batch to batch and even dose to dose.", "duration": "2-5 hours", "effects": "Simultaneous stimulation & sedation. Feelings of empathy. Feelings of euphoria. Aphrodisiac qualities for some people. Vivid waking dreams. Some individuals find it beneficial when doing physical labor.", "onset": "10-40 minutes.", "summary": "A drug made out of the leaves of Mitragyna Speciosa, which is related to coffee. Stimulating at lower doses, with opioid effects at higher doses. Frequent heavy use can cause physical addiction and ." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Body odor alteration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Body_odor_alteration", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Constipation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Constipation", "Cough suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cough_suppression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Double vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Itchiness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Itchiness", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil constriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_constriction", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Visual disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_disconnection" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Seizure and coma following Kratom (Mitragynina speciosa Korth) exposure - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20411370", "A drug toxicity death involving propylhexedrine and mitragynine. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21219704", "A drug toxicity death involving propylhexedrine and mitragynine - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21219704" ] } }, "l-theanine": { "aliases": [ "theanine" ], "categories": [ "common", "supplement" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-200mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "l-theanine", "pretty_name": "L-Theanine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-2 hours.", "aliases": [ "theanine" ], "categories": [ "common", "supplement" ], "dose": "Common: 100-200mg.", "duration": "3-6 hours.", "onset": "10-30 minutes.", "summary": "An amino acid that is structural similar to Glutamine. Subjective reports indicate it as a relaxing agent without much sedation. The drug is most commonly found tea, and often mixed with caffeine." } }, "librium": { "aliases": [ "chlordiazepoxide" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: 25mg of Librium is approximately equal to 10mg of Diazepam", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-14" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Heavy": "20-40mg+", "Light": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "name": "librium", "pretty_name": "Librium", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-14 hours.", "aliases": [ "chlordiazepoxide" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants", "bioavailability": "Oral 100% | Intramuscular 90-95%", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Heavy: 20-40mg+ | NOTE: 25mg of Librium is approximately equal to 10mg of Diazepam", "dose_to_diazepam": "25mg ~=10mg Diazepam", "duration": "6-10 hours", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "20-40 minutes", "summary": "Chlordiazepoxide, a medium-acting benzodiazepine drug typically prescribed for sleep purposes. The drug is reported to be sedative and hypnotic. The drug may lower inhibitions and cause amnesia." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Alcohol and benzodiazepines in fatal poisonings. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12170103" ] } }, "lithium": { "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "note": "There are a large number of reports indicating a high seizure and psychosis risk from this combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Sandeep M Nayak, Natalie Gukasyan, Frederick S Barrett , Earth Erowid , Fire Erowid , Roland R Griffiths", "title": "Classic Psychedelic Coadministration with Lithium, but Not Lamotrigine, is Associated with Seizures: An Analysis of Online Psychedelic Experience Reports", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1524-2794" }, { "author": "Erowid", "title": "Erowid Interactions", "url": "https://erowid.org/chemicals/lsd/lsd_interactions.shtml" }, { "author": "freshboi88", "title": "I Was Only on One Dose", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=93681" }, { "author": "YouWerentYouAnymore", "title": "Brought My Worst Thoughts to Life", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=110780" }, { "author": "Otto Simonsson, Peper S. Hendricks, Richard Chambers, Walter Osika, Simon B. Goldberg", "title": "Prevalence and associations of challenging, difficult or distressing experiences using classic psychedelics", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.073" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "2c-x": { "note": "There are a large number of reports indicating a high seizure and psychosis risk from this combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Sandeep M Nayak, Natalie Gukasyan, Frederick S Barrett , Earth Erowid , Fire Erowid , Roland R Griffiths", "title": "Classic Psychedelic Coadministration with Lithium, but Not Lamotrigine, is Associated with Seizures: An Analysis of Online Psychedelic Experience Reports", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1524-2794" }, { "author": "Erowid", "title": "Erowid Interactions", "url": "https://erowid.org/chemicals/lsd/lsd_interactions.shtml" }, { "author": "freshboi88", "title": "I Was Only on One Dose", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=93681" }, { "author": "YouWerentYouAnymore", "title": "Brought My Worst Thoughts to Life", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=110780" }, { "author": "Otto Simonsson, Peper S. Hendricks, Richard Chambers, Walter Osika, Simon B. Goldberg", "title": "Prevalence and associations of challenging, difficult or distressing experiences using classic psychedelics", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.073" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "cocaine": { "note": "Lithium may inhibit some of the recreational effects of cocaine.", "sources": [ { "author": "Flemenbaum, A.", "title": "Antagonism of behavioral effects of cocaine by lithium. (1977)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(77)90015-6" }, { "author": "Cronson, A. J., & Flemenbaum, A.", "title": "Antagonism of Cocaine Highs by Lithium. (1981)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3614-3_132" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "dextromethorphan": { "note": "There is a risk of serotonin syndrome when combining Lithium with DXM.", "sources": [ { "author": "Lenox, R. H., & Hahn, C. G.", "title": "Overview of the mechanism of action of lithium in the brain: fifty-year update (2000)", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10826655/" }, { "author": "Shahani, L.", "title": "Venlafaxine Augmentation With Lithium Leading to Serotonin Syndrome (2012)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.11080196" }, { "author": "DeBattista, C., Sofuoglu, M., & Schatzberg, A. F.", "title": "Serotonergic synergism: the risks and benefits of combining the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors with other serotonergic drugs (1998)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00161-9" }, { "author": "Massot, O.", "title": "5-HT1B Receptors: A Novel Target for Lithium: Possible Involvement in Mood Disorders (1999)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00042-1" }, { "author": "Navarro, A., Perry, C., & Bobo, W. V.", "title": "A case of serotonin syndrome precipitated by abuse of the anticough remedy dextromethorphan in a bipolar patient treated with fluoxetine and lithium. (2006)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2005.06.008" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "diphenhydramine": { "note": "There is a concern of serotonin syndrome at higher dosages of this combination. Caution is recommended in restricting diphenhydramine to medical dosages (25-50mg). Lithium and diphenhydramine both have concerns of QT prolongation which may be increased when taken in combination; risks increase due to a variety of factors such as the health of the user and drug dosages. Additionally, the combination may increase each drug's side effects, such as dizziness and loss of consciousness.", "sources": [ { "author": "Clark, J. H., Meltzer, E. O., & Naclerio, R. M.", "title": "Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye. World Allergy Organization Journal, 18(2), 101027. (2025)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027" }, { "author": "Crouch, M. A., Limon, L., & Cassano, A. T.", "title": "Clinical Relevance and Management of Drug‐Related QT Interval Prolongation. Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, 23(7), 881–908. (2003)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1592/phco.23.7.881.32730" }, { "author": "Farzam, K., & Tivakaran, V. S.", "title": "QT Prolonging Drugs. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. (2025)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534864/" }, { "author": "Finley, P. R.", "title": "Drug Interactions with Lithium: An Update. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 55(8), 925–941. (2016)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40262-016-0370-y" }, { "author": "Hawley, C. J., Loughlin, P. J., Quick, S. J., Gale, T. M., Sivakumaran, T., Hayes, J., & McPhee, S.", "title": "Efficacy, safety and tolerability of combined administration of lithium and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: a review of the current evidence. International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 15(4), 197–206. (2000)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/00004850-200015040-00002" }, { "author": "Husain, Z., Hussain, K., Nair, R., & Steinman, R.", "title": "Diphenhydramine induced QT prolongation and torsade de pointes: An uncommon effect of a common drug. Cardiology Journal, 17(5), 509–511. (2010)", "url": "https://journals.viamedica.pl/cardiology_journal/article/view/21341" }, { "author": "Khan, S., Saud, S., Khan, I., Asif, M., Ismail, O., Salam, A., Yang, T. J., & Norville, K. J.", "title": "Serotonin Syndrome Presenting with Concomitant Tramadol and Diphenhydramine Use: A Case Report of an Unlikely Side-Effect. Cureus. (2018)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.2421" }, { "author": "Massot, O., Rousselle, J.-C., Fillion, M.-P., Januel, D., Plantefol, M., & Fillion, G.", "title": "5-HT1B Receptors: A Novel Target for Lithium: Possible Involvement in Mood Disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology, 21(4), 530–541. (1999)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00042-1" }, { "author": "Mehta, N., & Vannozzi, R.", "title": "Lithium‐induced electrocardiographic changes: A complete review. Clinical Cardiology, 40(12), 1363–1367. (2017)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/clc.22822" }, { "author": "Müller-Oerlinghausen, B.", "title": "Drug Interactions with Lithium: A Guide for Clinicians. CNS Drugs, 11(1), 41–48. (1999)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2165/00023210-199911010-00004" }, { "author": "Rosenberg, A. E., Wang, R., & Rosenberg, M. H.", "title": "Serotonin Syndrome Associated With High-dose Diphenhydramine Use Complicating Abdominoplasty and Mastopexy. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open, 13(3), e6634. (2025)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000006634" }, { "author": "Truedson, P., Ott, M., Lindmark, K., Ström, M., Maripuu, M., Lundqvist, R., & Werneke, U.", "title": "Effects of Toxic Lithium Levels on ECG—Findings from the LiSIE Retrospective Cohort Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(19), 5941. (2022)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195941" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "dmt": { "note": "There are a large number of reports indicating a high seizure and psychosis risk from this combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Sandeep M Nayak, Natalie Gukasyan, Frederick S Barrett , Earth Erowid , Fire Erowid , Roland R Griffiths", "title": "Classic Psychedelic Coadministration with Lithium, but Not Lamotrigine, is Associated with Seizures: An Analysis of Online Psychedelic Experience Reports", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1524-2794" }, { "author": "Erowid", "title": "Erowid Interactions", "url": "https://erowid.org/chemicals/lsd/lsd_interactions.shtml" }, { "author": "freshboi88", "title": "I Was Only on One Dose", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=93681" }, { "author": "YouWerentYouAnymore", "title": "Brought My Worst Thoughts to Life", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=110780" }, { "author": "Otto Simonsson, Peper S. Hendricks, Richard Chambers, Walter Osika, Simon B. Goldberg", "title": "Prevalence and associations of challenging, difficult or distressing experiences using classic psychedelics", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.073" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "dox": { "note": "There are a large number of reports indicating a high seizure and psychosis risk from this combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Sandeep M Nayak, Natalie Gukasyan, Frederick S Barrett , Earth Erowid , Fire Erowid , Roland R Griffiths", "title": "Classic Psychedelic Coadministration with Lithium, but Not Lamotrigine, is Associated with Seizures: An Analysis of Online Psychedelic Experience Reports", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1524-2794" }, { "author": "Erowid", "title": "Erowid Interactions", "url": "https://erowid.org/chemicals/lsd/lsd_interactions.shtml" }, { "author": "freshboi88", "title": "I Was Only on One Dose", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=93681" }, { "author": "YouWerentYouAnymore", "title": "Brought My Worst Thoughts to Life", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=110780" }, { "author": "Otto Simonsson, Peper S. Hendricks, Richard Chambers, Walter Osika, Simon B. Goldberg", "title": "Prevalence and associations of challenging, difficult or distressing experiences using classic psychedelics", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.073" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "ketamine": { "note": "Lithium may enhance and prolong the antidepressant effects of ketamine.", "sources": [ { "author": "Costi, S., Soleimani, L., Glasgow, A., Brallier, J., Spivack, J., Schwartz, J., Levitch, C. F., Richards, S., Hoch, M., Stade, E. C., Welch, A., Collins, K. A., Feder, A., Iosifescu, D. V., Charney, D. S., & Murrough, J. W. (2019)", "title": "Lithium continuation therapy following ketamine in patients with treatment resistant unipolar depression: a randomized controlled trial. Neuropsychopharmacology, 44(10), 1812–1819.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-019-0365-0" }, { "author": "Diazgranados, N., Ibrahim, L., Brutsche, N. E., Newberg, A., Kronstein, P., Khalife, S., Kammerer, W. A., Quezado, Z., Luckenbaugh, D. A., Salvadore, G., Machado-Vieira, R., Manji, H. K., & Zarate, C. A. (2010)", "title": "A Randomized Add-on Trial of an N-methyl-D-aspartate Antagonist in Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67(8), 793.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.90" }, { "author": "Price, J. B., Yates, C. G., Morath, B. A., Van De Wakker, S. K., Yates, N. J., Butters, K., Frye, M. A., McGee, S. L., & Tye, S. J. (2021)", "title": "Lithium augmentation of ketamine increases insulin signaling and antidepressant-like active stress coping in a rodent model of treatment-resistant depression. Translational Psychiatry, 11(1), 1–12.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01716-w" }, { "author": "Scheuing, L., Chiu, C.-T., Liao, H.-M., & Chuang, D.-M. (2015)", "title": "Antidepressant mechanism of ketamine: perspective from preclinical studies. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 9.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2015.00249" }, { "author": "Toulany, J., Cunningham, J. E. A., & Nunes, A. (2025)", "title": "Overlap and Divergence in Ketamine and Lithium Response in Bipolar Disorder: A Scoping Review. Pharmaceuticals, 18(11), 1662.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18111662" }, { "author": "Wilkowska, A., Szałach, Ł., & Cubała, W. J. (2020)", "title": "Ketamine in Bipolar Disorder: A Review. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 16, 2707–2717.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S282208" } ], "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "lithium": { "note": "There is a risk of serotonin syndrome when combining Lithium with MXE, as Lithium can induce serotonin syndrome in conjunction with other serotonergic drugs, and MXE has shown a notable affinity for the serotonin transporter.", "sources": [ { "author": "Lenox, R. H., & Hahn, C. G.", "title": "Overview of the mechanism of action of lithium in the brain: fifty-year update (2000)", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10826655/" }, { "author": "Shahani, L.", "title": "Venlafaxine Augmentation With Lithium Leading to Serotonin Syndrome (2012)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.11080196" }, { "author": "DeBattista, C., Sofuoglu, M., & Schatzberg, A. F.", "title": "Serotonergic synergism: the risks and benefits of combining the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors with other serotonergic drugs (1998)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00161-9" }, { "author": "Massot, O.", "title": "5-HT1B Receptors: A Novel Target for Lithium: Possible Involvement in Mood Disorders (1999)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00042-1" }, { "author": "Roth, B. L., Gibbons, S., Arunotayanun, W., Huang, X.-P., Setola, V., Treble, R., & Iversen, L.", "title": "The Ketamine Analogue Methoxetamine and 3- and 4-Methoxy Analogues of Phencyclidine Are High Affinity and Selective Ligands for the Glutamate NMDA Receptor (2013)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059334" }, { "author": "Marti, M., Talani, G., Miliano, C., Bilel, S., Biggio, F., Bratzu, J., Diana, M., De Luca, M. A., & Fattore, L.", "title": "New insights into methoxetamine mechanisms of action: Focus on serotonergic 5-HT2 receptors in pharmacological and behavioral effects in the rat (2021)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113836" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "lsd": { "note": "There are a large number of reports indicating a high seizure and psychosis risk from this combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Sandeep M Nayak, Natalie Gukasyan, Frederick S Barrett , Earth Erowid , Fire Erowid , Roland R Griffiths", "title": "Classic Psychedelic Coadministration with Lithium, but Not Lamotrigine, is Associated with Seizures: An Analysis of Online Psychedelic Experience Reports", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1524-2794" }, { "author": "Erowid", "title": "Erowid Interactions", "url": "https://erowid.org/chemicals/lsd/lsd_interactions.shtml" }, { "author": "freshboi88", "title": "I Was Only on One Dose", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=93681" }, { "author": "YouWerentYouAnymore", "title": "Brought My Worst Thoughts to Life", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=110780" }, { "author": "Otto Simonsson, Peper S. Hendricks, Richard Chambers, Walter Osika, Simon B. Goldberg", "title": "Prevalence and associations of challenging, difficult or distressing experiences using classic psychedelics", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.073" }, { "author": "Edwards, C., Van Gerpen, S., & Anand, V.", "title": "New-Onset Seizures in an Adolescent Following Use of LSD while on Low-Dose Lithium Therapy: A Case Study. (2024)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1941874414528939" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "mdma": { "note": "High risk of serotonin syndrome", "sources": [ { "author": "Lokesh Shahani", "title": "Venlafaxine Augmentation With Lithium Leading to Serotonin Syndrome", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.11080196" }, { "author": "Charles DeBattista, Mehmet Sofuoglu, and Alan F. Schatzberg", "title": "Serotonergic Synergism: The Risks and Benefits of Combining the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors with Other Serotonergic Drugs", "url": "https://www.biologicalpsychiatryjournal.com/article/S0006-3223(98)00161-9/pdf" }, { "author": "Olivier Massot Ph.D, Jean-Claude Rousselle Ph.D, Marie-Paule Fillion MSc, Dominique Januel MD, Mathieu Plantefol MSc & Gilles Fillion Ph.D ", "title": "5-HT1B Receptors: A Novel Target for Lithium: Possible Involvement in Mood Disorders", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00042-1" }, { "author": "Philip J. Cowen", "title": "New drugs, old problems: Revisiting… Pharmacological management of treatment-resistant depression", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/apt.11.1.19" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "mescaline": { "note": "There are a large number of reports indicating a high seizure and psychosis risk from this combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Sandeep M Nayak, Natalie Gukasyan, Frederick S Barrett , Earth Erowid , Fire Erowid , Roland R Griffiths", "title": "Classic Psychedelic Coadministration with Lithium, but Not Lamotrigine, is Associated with Seizures: An Analysis of Online Psychedelic Experience Reports", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1524-2794" }, { "author": "Erowid", "title": "Erowid Interactions", "url": "https://erowid.org/chemicals/lsd/lsd_interactions.shtml" }, { "author": "freshboi88", "title": "I Was Only on One Dose", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=93681" }, { "author": "YouWerentYouAnymore", "title": "Brought My Worst Thoughts to Life", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=110780" }, { "author": "Otto Simonsson, Peper S. Hendricks, Richard Chambers, Walter Osika, Simon B. Goldberg", "title": "Prevalence and associations of challenging, difficult or distressing experiences using classic psychedelics", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.073" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "mushrooms": { "note": "There are a large number of reports indicating a high seizure and psychosis risk from this combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Sandeep M Nayak, Natalie Gukasyan, Frederick S Barrett , Earth Erowid , Fire Erowid , Roland R Griffiths", "title": "Classic Psychedelic Coadministration with Lithium, but Not Lamotrigine, is Associated with Seizures: An Analysis of Online Psychedelic Experience Reports", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1524-2794" }, { "author": "Erowid", "title": "Erowid Interactions", "url": "https://erowid.org/chemicals/lsd/lsd_interactions.shtml" }, { "author": "freshboi88", "title": "I Was Only on One Dose", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=93681" }, { "author": "YouWerentYouAnymore", "title": "Brought My Worst Thoughts to Life", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=110780" }, { "author": "Otto Simonsson, Peper S. Hendricks, Richard Chambers, Walter Osika, Simon B. Goldberg", "title": "Prevalence and associations of challenging, difficult or distressing experiences using classic psychedelics", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.073" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "mxe": { "note": "There is a risk of serotonin syndrome when combining Lithium with MXE, as Lithium can induce serotonin syndrome in conjunction with other serotonergic drugs, and MXE has shown a notable affinity for the serotonin transporter.", "sources": [ { "author": "Lenox, R. H., & Hahn, C. G.", "title": "Overview of the mechanism of action of lithium in the brain: fifty-year update (2000)", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10826655/" }, { "author": "Shahani, L.", "title": "Venlafaxine Augmentation With Lithium Leading to Serotonin Syndrome (2012)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.11080196" }, { "author": "DeBattista, C., Sofuoglu, M., & Schatzberg, A. F.", "title": "Serotonergic synergism: the risks and benefits of combining the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors with other serotonergic drugs (1998)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00161-9" }, { "author": "Massot, O.", "title": "5-HT1B Receptors: A Novel Target for Lithium: Possible Involvement in Mood Disorders (1999)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00042-1" }, { "author": "Roth, B. L., Gibbons, S., Arunotayanun, W., Huang, X.-P., Setola, V., Treble, R., & Iversen, L.", "title": "The Ketamine Analogue Methoxetamine and 3- and 4-Methoxy Analogues of Phencyclidine Are High Affinity and Selective Ligands for the Glutamate NMDA Receptor (2013)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059334" }, { "author": "Marti, M., Talani, G., Miliano, C., Bilel, S., Biggio, F., Bratzu, J., Diana, M., De Luca, M. A., & Fattore, L.", "title": "New insights into methoxetamine mechanisms of action: Focus on serotonergic 5-HT2 receptors in pharmacological and behavioral effects in the rat (2021)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113836" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "nbomes": { "note": "There are a large number of reports indicating a high seizure and psychosis risk from this combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Sandeep M Nayak, Natalie Gukasyan, Frederick S Barrett , Earth Erowid , Fire Erowid , Roland R Griffiths", "title": "Classic Psychedelic Coadministration with Lithium, but Not Lamotrigine, is Associated with Seizures: An Analysis of Online Psychedelic Experience Reports", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1524-2794" }, { "author": "Erowid", "title": "Erowid Interactions", "url": "https://erowid.org/chemicals/lsd/lsd_interactions.shtml" }, { "author": "freshboi88", "title": "I Was Only on One Dose", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=93681" }, { "author": "YouWerentYouAnymore", "title": "Brought My Worst Thoughts to Life", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=110780" }, { "author": "Otto Simonsson, Peper S. Hendricks, Richard Chambers, Walter Osika, Simon B. Goldberg", "title": "Prevalence and associations of challenging, difficult or distressing experiences using classic psychedelics", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.073" }, { "author": "Umemura, Y., Andrew, T. A., Jacobs, V. L., Giustini, A. J., Lewis, L. D., & Filiano, J. J.", "title": "Fatal 251-NBOMe Intoxication: A New Recreational Risk. (2015)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.23907/2015.009" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "nitrous": { "note": "We are unable to find a report of concerns for CNS depression caused by Lithium.", "sources": [ { "author": "Drugbank", "title": "Lithium Carbonate", "url": "https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB14509" } ], "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "ssris": { "note": "This interaction is used in medical settings without reported issues. If this combination is taken, caution would be recommended if any other drugs are planned to be taken on top of these that may have serotonergic activity.", "sources": [ { "author": "Finley, P. R.", "title": "Drug Interactions with Lithium: An Update. (2016)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40262-016-0370-y" }, { "author": "Hawley CJ, Loughlin PJ, Quick SJ, Gale TM, Sivakumaran T, Hayes J, McPhee S.", "title": "Efficacy, safety and tolerability of combined administration of lithium and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: a review of the current evidence. (2000)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/00004850-200015040-00002" }, { "author": "Müller-Oerlinghausen, B.", "title": "Drug Interactions with Lithium. (1999)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2165/00023210-199911010-00004" }, { "author": "Bauer, Michael PhD, MD; Linden, Michael MD; Schaaf, Berthold; Weber, Hans J. MD.", "title": "Adverse Events and Tolerability of the Combination of Fluoxetine/Lithium Compared With Fluoxetine. (1996)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/00004714-199604000-00005" } ], "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "tramadol": { "note": "Tramadol and Lithium both increase the risk of seizures and serotonin syndrome.", "sources": [ { "author": "Steven C. Julius, Richard P. Brenner", "title": "Myoclonic seizures with lithium", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(87)90026-6" }, { "author": "Charles DeBattista, Mehmet Sofuoglu, and Alan F. Schatzberg", "title": "Serotonergic Synergism: The Risks and Benefits of Combining the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors with Other Serotonergic Drugs", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00161-9" }, { "author": "Massot, O., Rousselle, JC., Fillion, MP. et al.", "title": "5-HT1B Receptors: A Novel Target for Lithium: Possible Involvement in Mood Disorders", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00042-1" }, { "author": "Sameer Hassamal, Karen Miotto, William Dale, Itai Danovitch ", "title": "Tramadol: Understanding the Risk of Serotonin Syndrome and Seizures", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.04.025" }, { "author": "Boostani R, Derakhshan S.", "title": "Tramadol induced seizure: A 3-year study.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24009919/" }, { "author": "Lagard, C.; Vodovar, D.; Chevillard, L.; Callebert, J.; Caillé, F.; Pottier, G.; Liang, H.; Risède, P.; Tournier, N.; Mégarbane, B.", "title": "Investigation of the Mechanisms of Tramadol-Induced Seizures in Overdose in the Rat ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15101254 " }, { "author": "Sansone RA, Sansone LA.", "title": "Tramadol", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19724727" } ], "status": "Dangerous" } }, "name": "lithium", "pretty_name": "Lithium", "properties": {} }, "loprazolam": { "aliases": [ "dormonoct" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "0.5-1.5mg", "Light": "0.25-0.5mg", "Strong": "1.5-3mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-50" }, "name": "loprazolam", "pretty_name": "Loprazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "dormonoct" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 0.25-0.5mg Common: 0.5-1.5mg Strong: 1.5-3mg+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Lopazolam - 1-2mg's ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "6-10 hours.", "onset": "30-50 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is a imidazobenzodiazepine that is reported to have similar subjective effects of diazepam. It is typically prescribed for short amounts of time for insomnia." } }, "lorazepam": { "aliases": [ "ativan" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: There is a risk of blacking out at higher dosages. 1mg Lorazepam ~= 10mg Diazepam.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Intramuscular": { "Common": "0.5-1mg", "Light": "0.25-0.5mg", "Strong": "1-2mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg", "Light": "0.5mg-1mg", "Strong": "2-4mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "sedative", "high muscle relaxant properties" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "5-30" }, "name": "lorazepam", "pretty_name": "Lorazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "ativan" ], "bioavailability": "Oral 85-90% | Insufflated 76-80%", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 0.5mg-1mg Common: 1-2mg Strong: 2-4mg's. | Intramuscular Light: 0.25-0.5mg Common: 0.5-1mg Strong: 1-2mg's.", "dose_to_diazepam": "Lorazepam - 1mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "4-8 hours", "effects": "Anxiolytic, sedative, high muscle relaxant properties.", "onset": "5-30 minutes", "summary": "An intermediate acting benzodiazepine commonly known as Ativan. The drug is often prescribed as an alternative to alprazolam. The drug is reported to have sedating, hypnotic, and anxiolytic effects. The drug may induce amnesia and lower inhibitions. It is recommended not to combine the drug with other depressants" }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Nausea suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea_suppression", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Seizure suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Seizure_suppression", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Role of dopaminergic and serotonergic systems on behavioral stimulatory effects of low-dose alprazolam and lorazepam. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11226811" ] } }, "lormetazepam": { "aliases": [ "noctamid" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg", "Light": "0.5-1mg", "Strong": "2-4mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "lormetazepam", "pretty_name": "Lormetazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours depending on dosages", "aliases": [ "noctamid" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral: 80%.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 0.5-1mg Common: 1-2mg Strong: 2-4mg.", "dose_to_diazepam": "Lormetazepam - 1-2mg's ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "4-8 hours depending on dosages", "onset": "10-30 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is a less commonly prescribed benzodiazepine. The drug is short-acting with a short half-life. The drug is typically seen in the Netherlands. The drug is reported to have sedative, hypnotic, and anxiolytic effects." } }, "lsa": { "aliases": [ "hbwr", "morningglory", "hbmg", "Morning", "ololiuqui", "morning_glory", "hbw" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "common" ], "dose_note": "Some individuals report a hangover, characterized by a feelings of mental sluggishness and dulled emotions.", "formatted_dose": { "HBWR": { "Common": "2-6seeds", "Heavy": "14seeds+", "Light": "1-2seeds", "Strong": "6-14seeds" }, "Morning_Glory": { "Common": "100-250seeds", "Heavy": "400seeds+", "Light": "50-100seeds", "Strong": "250-400seeds" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-180" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_LSA.shtml" }, "name": "lsa", "pretty_name": "LSA", "properties": { "after-effects": "Some individuals report a hangover, characterized by a feelings of mental sluggishness and dulled emotions.", "aliases": [ "hbwr", "morningglory", "hbmg", "Morning", "ololiuqui", "morning_glory", "hbw" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "common" ], "dose": "HBWR Light: 1-2seeds Common: 2-6seeds Strong: 6-14seeds Heavy: 14seeds+ | Morning_Glory Light: 50-100seeds Common: 100-250seeds Strong: 250-400seeds Heavy: 400seeds+", "duration": "4-10 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-180 minutes", "summary": "A chemical found in Morning Glory and Hawaiian Baby Woodrose seeds, which are often sold legally in various stores. The drug is reported to have mental effects similar to LSD, although reportedly little to no visual effects. The drug is reported to frequently cause nausea and causing excessive time dilation at higher dosages." }, "pweffects": { "8B Geometry - Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8B_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Perception of increased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_increased_weight", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Subconscious communication": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Subconscious_communication", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "lsd": { "aliases": [ "lsd-25", "acid", "cid", "lucy" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "common" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "2c-x": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "alcohol": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "status": "Caution" }, "amt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "benzodiazepines": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "caffeine": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "cannabis": { "note": "Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics.", "status": "Caution" }, "cocaine": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "status": "Caution" }, "dextromethorphan": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "diphenhydramine": { "note": "At 25-50mg, DPH may assist with side effects of the LSD such as nausea and anxiety. At higher dosages, the combination of a deliriant (DPH) and LSD is cautioned against. LSD is likely to increase the deliriant and negative effects of DPH, in addition to increasing the risk of severe injury and mental trauma. LSD and DPH at recreational dosages have additional cardiac concerns such as vasoconstriction, tachycardia, hypertension, which in combination may be exacerbated.", "sources": [ { "author": "Marraffa, J. M. (2014)", "title": "Drugs of Abuse. In Encyclopedia of Toxicology (pp. 248–251). Elsevier.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386454-3.00684-9" }, { "author": "Passie, T., Halpern, J. H., Stichtenoth, D. O., Emrich, H. M., & Hintzen, A. (2008)", "title": "The Pharmacology of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: A Review. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 14(4), 295–314.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-5949.2008.00059.x" }, { "author": "Schaefer, T. S., Patel, P., & Zito, P. M. (2025)", "title": "Antiemetic Histamine H1 Receptor Blockers. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK533003/" }, { "author": "Schifano, F., Chiappini, S., Miuli, A., Mosca, A., Santovito, M. C., Corkery, J. M., Guirguis, A., Pettorruso, M., Di Giannantonio, M., & Martinotti, G. (2021)", "title": "Focus on Over-the-Counter Drugs’ Misuse: A Systematic Review on Antihistamines, Cough Medicines, and Decongestants. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 657397.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.657397" }, { "author": "The drugs of misuse. (2009)", "title": "In Auricular Acupuncture & Addiction (pp. 93–135). Elsevier.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-06885-0.50018-5" }, { "author": "Wolfson, A. R., Wong, D., Abrams, E. M., Waserman, S., & Sussman, G. L. (2022)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: Time to Move on? The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 10(12), 3124–3130.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2022.07.018" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "dmt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "dox": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "ghb/gbl": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "ketamine": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "lithium": { "note": "There are a large number of reports indicating a high seizure and psychosis risk from this combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Sandeep M Nayak, Natalie Gukasyan, Frederick S Barrett , Earth Erowid , Fire Erowid , Roland R Griffiths", "title": "Classic Psychedelic Coadministration with Lithium, but Not Lamotrigine, is Associated with Seizures: An Analysis of Online Psychedelic Experience Reports", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1524-2794" }, { "author": "Erowid", "title": "Erowid Interactions", "url": "https://erowid.org/chemicals/lsd/lsd_interactions.shtml" }, { "author": "freshboi88", "title": "I Was Only on One Dose", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=93681" }, { "author": "YouWerentYouAnymore", "title": "Brought My Worst Thoughts to Life", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=110780" }, { "author": "Otto Simonsson, Peper S. Hendricks, Richard Chambers, Walter Osika, Simon B. Goldberg", "title": "Prevalence and associations of challenging, difficult or distressing experiences using classic psychedelics", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.073" }, { "author": "Edwards, C., Van Gerpen, S., & Anand, V.", "title": "New-Onset Seizures in an Adolescent Following Use of LSD while on Low-Dose Lithium Therapy: A Case Study. (2024)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1941874414528939" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "maois": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "mdma": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mephedrone": { "note": "The anxiogenic and focusing effects of stimulants increase the chance of unpleasant thought loops, in addition to the possible negative side effects of coming down from said stimulant while on a psychedelic. In extreme cases, stimulants, especially in combination can result in severe vasoconstriction, tachycardia, hypertension, and heart failure.", "sources": [ { "author": "Gregory C. Hadlock, Katy M. Webb, Lisa M. McFadden, Pei Wen Chu, Jonathan D. Ellis, Scott C. Allen, David M. Andrenyak, Paula L. Vieira-Brock, Christopher L. German, Kevin M. Conrad, Amanda J. Hoonakker, James W. Gibb, Diana G. Wilkins, Glen R. Hanson and Annette E. Fleckenstein", "title": "4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone): Neuropharmacological Effects of a Designer Stimulant of Abuse", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.111.184119" }, { "author": "Michael H Baumann, Mario A Ayestas Jr, John S Partilla, Jacqueline R Sink, Alexander T Shulgin, Paul F Daley, Simon D Brandt, Richard B Rothman, Arnold E Ruoho, Nicholas V Cozzi", "title": "The designer methcathinone analogs, mephedrone and methylone, are substrates for monoamine transporters in brain tissue ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2011.304" }, { "author": "MJ Wright, Jr, SA Vandewater, D Angrish, 2 TJ Dickerson, and MA Taffe", "title": "Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone) and d-methamphetamine improve visuospatial associative memory, but not spatial working memory, in rhesus macaques", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1476-5381.2012.02091.x" }, { "author": "J Kehr, F Ichinose, S Yoshitake, M Goiny,1, T Sievertsson, F Nyberg, and T Yoshitake", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Jolanta Opacka-Juffry, Thomas Pinnell, Nisha Patel, Melissa Bevan, Meghan Meintel, Colin Davidson", "title": "Stimulant mechanisms of cathinones - effects of mephedrone and other cathinones on basal and electrically evoked dopamine efflux in rat accumbens brain slices ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.04.009" }, { "author": "Schmid Y, Enzler F, Gasser P, Grouzmann E, Preller KH, Vollenweider FX, Brenneisen R, Müller F, Borgwardt S, Liechti ME", "title": "Acute Effects of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide in Healthy Subjects ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.11.015" }, { "author": "Holze F, Vizeli P, Müller F, Ley L, Duerig R, Varghese N, Eckert A, Borgwardt S, Liechti ME", "title": "Distinct acute effects of LSD, MDMA, and D-amphetamine in healthy subjects ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-019-0569-3" }, { "author": "Kenneth J Broadley", "title": "The vascular effects of trace amines and amphetamines ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.11.005" }, { "author": "James R. Docherty, Hadeel A. Alsufyani", "title": "Cardiovascular and temperature adverse actions of stimulants", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15465" }, { "author": "James R. Docherty DSc, Hadeel A. Alsufyani MB, PhD", "title": "Pharmacology of Drugs Used as Stimulants", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jcph.1918" }, { "author": "Breier Y, Azrak E, Banks W, Kushmakov R, Aleshinskaya I", "title": "Management of New Onset Amphetamine-Induced Acute Decompensated Heart Failure in a Young Adult: Case Report", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759%2Fcureus.43854" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "mescaline": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mushrooms": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mxe": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "nbomes": { "sources": [ { "author": "Umemura, Y., Andrew, T. A., Jacobs, V. L., Giustini, A. J., Lewis, L. D., & Filiano, J. J.", "title": "Fatal 251-NBOMe Intoxication: A New Recreational Risk. Academic Forensic Pathology", "url": "https://doi.org/10.23907/2015.009" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "nitrous": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "opioids": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "pcp": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "pregabalin": { "note": "Caution should be given due to LSD’s stimulating effects and pregabalin’s seizure concerns at higher dosages. Pregabalin may reduce the vasoconstriction, anxiety, and other side effects of LSD. Additionally, Pregabalin may increase LSD’s inhibition and risk of injury.", "sources": [ { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Baquiran, M., Keyes, D., & Al Khalili, Y. (2025)", "title": "Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Toxicity. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553216/" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N. A., & Livingston, J. H. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti-epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Soto-Angona, Ó., Fortea, A., Fortea, L., Martínez-Ramírez, M., Santamarina, E., López, F. J. G., Knudsen, G. M., & Ona, G. (2024)", "title": "Do classic psychedelics increase the risk of seizures? A scoping review. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 85, 35–42.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2024.05.002" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "ssris": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "tramadol": { "note": "Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and psychedelics also cause occasional seizures.", "status": "Unsafe" } }, "dose_note": " Note: These doses are for pure LSD, note that tabs are often rather a lot weaker than they are advertised.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-150ug", "Heavy": "250ug+", "Light": "50-100ug", "Strong": "175-225ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "9-14" }, "formatted_effects": [ "visual distortions", "a sense of childlike wonder", "brightening of colors", "racing thoughts", "hue shifts", "euphoria", "anxiety", "confusion" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_LSD.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal26.shtml" }, "name": "lsd", "pretty_name": "LSD", "properties": { "after-effects": "12-24 hours", "aliases": [ "lsd-25", "acid", "cid", "lucy" ], "avoid": "Caution is recommended for cannabis due to potentiation and related change in effects.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-100ug Common: 100-150ug Strong: 175-225ug Heavy: 250ug+ | Note: These doses are for pure LSD, it should be noted that tabs are often a lot weaker than advertised.", "duration": "9-14 hours depending on dosages (heavy doses can lead to much longer trips).", "effects": "visual distortions, a sense of childlike wonder, brightening of colors, racing thoughts, hue shifts, euphoria, anxiety, confusion", "half-life": "3-5 hours", "marquis": "Olive black", "onset": "45-90 minutes depending on ROA and stomach contents.", "Oral": "Light: 50-100ug Common: 100-150ug Strong: 175-225ug Heavy 225ug+ | Note: These doses are for pure LSD, it should be noted that tabs are often a lot weaker than advertised.", "summary": "LSD is a popular psychedelic drug with a relatively long history of use and research. It is the archetypical psychedelic and remains in popular usage." }, "pweffects": { "8A Geometry - Exposure to semantic concept network": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8A_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_semantic_concept_network", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Creativity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Creativity_enhancement", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Depth perception distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depth_perception_distortions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Feelings of eternalism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_eternalism", "Feelings of interdependent opposites": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_interdependent_opposites", "Feelings of self-design": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_self-design", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Laughter": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Laughter", "Magnification": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Magnification", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Multiple thought streams": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Multiple_thought_streams", "Muscle spasms": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_spasms", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Personal meaning enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_meaning_enhancement", "Personality regression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personality_regression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Perspective distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_distortions", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Recursion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Recursion", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Simultaneous emotions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Simultaneous_emotions", "Spirituality enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spirituality_enhancement", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Agonistic activity of LSD and lisuride at cloned 5HT2A and 5HT2C receptors - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9600588", "Alterations in responses to LSD in humans associated with chronic administration of tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors or lithium... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8788508", "Chronic administration of serotonergic antidepressants attenuates the subjective effects of LSD in humans - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8726753", "LSD toxicity: a suspected cause of death - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/845494", "Influence of naloxone on the effects of LSD in monkeys. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6527737", "Coma, hyperthermia and bleeding associated with massive LSD overdose. A report of eight cases - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4816396", "Ascorbic acid antagonizes the behavioural effects of LSD in cats - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2868111", "Illicit use of LSD or psilocybin, but not MDMA or nonpsychedelic drugs, is associated with mystical experiences in a dose-dependent manner - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23457892", "New Onset LSD Flashback Syndrome Triggered by the Initiation of SSRIs - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21603479", "LSD and tryptamine effects on sleep/wakefulness and electrocorticogram patterns in intact cats - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/210478", "Characterization of behavioral and endocrine effects of LSD on zebrafish - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20561961", "Drug dreams in mescaline and LSD addiction - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20163393", "Response of cluster headache to psilocybin and LSD - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16801660", "LSD flashback syndrome exacerbated by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants in adolescents - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7965440", "Metabolism of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) to 2-oxo-3-hydroxy LSD (O-H-LSD) in human liver microsomes and cryopreserved human hepatocytes - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11043658", "LSD-induced entropic brain activity predicts subsequent personality change. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27151536" ] } }, "lsm-775": { "aliases": [ "lsm" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-16" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "0.75-1mg", "Heavy": "1.5mg+", "Light": "0.5-0.75mg", "Strong": "1-1.5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-13" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "25-45" }, "name": "lsm-775", "pretty_name": "LSM-775", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-16 hours.", "aliases": [ "lsm" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 0.5-0.75mg Common: 0.75-1mg Strong: 1-1.5mg Heavy: 1.5+mg.", "duration": "8-13 hours", "onset": "25-45 minutes", "summary": "Psychedelic of the lysergamide class, the drug is less potent by weight than LSD. The drug is reported to produce mild, dreamy, sedating effects in contrast to LSD." } }, "lsz": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "150-300ug", "Heavy": "300ug+", "Light": "100-150ug", "Threshold": "80ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "7-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "90-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_LSZ.shtml" }, "name": "lsz", "pretty_name": "LSZ", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Threshold: 80ug Light: 100-150ug Common: 150-300ug Heavy: 300ug+", "duration": "7-10 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "90-120 minutes.", "summary": "A lysergamide similar to LSD typically distinguishable by its shorter duration. Some subjective reports indicate the drug may have slightly more introspective effects, and may be slightly less confusing of an experience." } }, "marinol": { "aliases": [ "dronabinol", "syndros", "cesamet", "δ9-thc", "δ9--tetrahydrocannabinol", "delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol", "delta9-thc" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-30mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "30-50mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "4-12" }, "name": "marinol", "pretty_name": "Marinol", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "dronabinol", "syndros", "cesamet", "δ9-thc", "δ9--tetrahydrocannabinol", "delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol", "delta9-thc" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-30mg Strong: 30-50mg+", "duration": "Oral: 4-12 hours, depending on dose", "half-life": "1.6–59 h,[3] 25–36 h (orally administered dronabinol)", "onset": "Oral 30-90 minutes, with effects peaking at 2-3 hours", "summary": "Synthetically created Δ9-THC, the main psychoactive ingredient in cannabis.", "warning": "At higher doses, anxiety and panic attacks are common." } }, "mbdb": { "aliases": [ "eden", "methyl-j" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "180-210mg", "Light": "150-180mg", "Strong": "210-250mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_MBDB.shtml" }, "name": "mbdb", "pretty_name": "MBDB", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "eden", "methyl-j" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 150-180mg Common: 180-210mg Strong: 210-250mg+", "duration": "3-8 hours", "onset": "30-120 minutes.", "summary": "A rare entactogenic drug and analogue of MDMA. Suspected to be first synthesised by David E. Nichols. The drug is suspected to be less potent than related drugs of its type. It is sometimes referred to as a 'watered down MDMA'." } }, "mbzp": { "aliases": [ "methylbenylpiperazine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "80-120mg", "Heavy": "160-200mg+", "Light": "50-80mg", "Strong": "120-160mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-45" }, "name": "mbzp", "pretty_name": "MBZP", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-4 hours (depending on dosages, the after-effects may last significantly longer).", "aliases": [ "methylbenylpiperazine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-80mg Common: 80-120mg Strong: 120-160mg Heavy: 160-200mg+", "duration": "4-6 hours", "onset": "30-45 minutes.", "summary": "A stimulant drug which is a derivative of BZP." } }, "mcpp": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "30", "Oral": "60" }, "name": "mcpp", "pretty_name": "MCPP", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "onset": "Oral: >60 minutes. Insufflated: >30 minutes.", "summary": "A phenylpiperazine stimulant first developed in the 1970s before being sold in the RC market. The drug is often mislabelled as MDMA. It is reported to have unpleasant effects such as anxiogenesis and headaches." } }, "mda": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "empathogen", "habit-forming", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "40-80mg", "Heavy": "120mg+", "Light": "30-40mg", "Strong": "80-120mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_MDA.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal100.shtml" }, "name": "mda", "pretty_name": "MDA", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "empathogen", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 30-40mg Common: 40-80mg Strong: 80-120mg Heavy: 120mg+", "duration": "2-5 hours", "marquis": "Black", "onset": "20-90 minutes", "summary": "The drug is a stimulant and empathogen. It is reported to have similar effects to MDMA but typically produces more visuals. The drug is reportedly more neurotoxic than MDMA, and is a minor metabolite of MDMA. The duration and onset are reported to be similar to MDMA. The common Marquis reagent test is unable to differentiate MDA and MDMA." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Synthesis of fluoro analogues of 3,4-(methylenedioxy)amphetamine (MDA) and its derivatives - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17193269" ] } }, "mdai": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-150mg", "Heavy": "150-300mg+", "Light": "40-100mg", "Threshold": "20-40mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_MDAI.shtml" }, "name": "mdai", "pretty_name": "MDAI", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "dose": "Threshold: 20-40mg Light: 40-100mg Common: 100-150mg Heavy: 150-300mg+", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "onset": "30-60 minutes", "summary": "A selective serotonin and norepinephrine releasing agent which is rarely used without a stimulant to obtain desirable effects. The drug was previously believed to not be neuruotoxic, MDAI has been implicated in several lethal and non-lethal intoxications, and as such may pose more of a risk to one's health than previously believed." } }, "mdea": { "aliases": [ "mde", "eve" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "empathogen", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-36" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-150mg", "Light": "80-100mg", "Strong": "150-200mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "name": "mdea", "pretty_name": "MDEA", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-36 hours.", "aliases": [ "mde", "eve" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "empathogen", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 80-100mg Common: 100-150mg Strong: 150-200mg.", "duration": "3-6 hours.", "onset": "30-60 minutes.", "summary": "A rare empathogen structurally related to MDMA. The drug is reportedly less potent than MDMA." } }, "mdma": { "aliases": [ "molly", "ecstasy", "adam", "xtc", "mandy", "x", "md" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "empathogen", "habit-forming", "common" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "status": "Caution" }, "2c-x": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "note": "Some of the 5-MeO tryptamines are a bit unpredictable and should be mixed with MDMA with care", "status": "Caution" }, "alcohol": { "note": "The combination of MDMA and alcohol may increase strain on the cardiovascular system and lead to increased alcohol consumption. MDMA may also impair one's ability to recognize their level of drunkenness, leading to increased alcohol consumption and poor decision-making. Alcohol may also increase the risk of dehydration and hyperthermia (increased body temperature) when combined with MDMA.", "sources": [ { "author": "Hamida, S. B., Plute, E., Cosquer, B., Kelche, C., Jones, B. C., & Cassel, J.-C. ", "title": "Interactions between ethanol and cocaine, amphetamine, or MDMA in the rat: thermoregulatory and locomotor effects. (2008)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-007-1007-5" }, { "author": "Ramaekers, J. G., & Kuypers, K. P. C.", "title": "Acute Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on Behavioral Measures of Impulsivity: Alone and in Combination with Alcohol. (2006)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1300894" }, { "author": "Hernández-López, C., Farré, M., Roset, P. N., Menoyo, E., Pizarro, N., Ortuño, J., Torrens, M., Camı́, J., & Torre, R. de la.", "title": "3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy) and Alcohol Interactions in Humans: Psychomotor Performance, Subjective Effects, and Pharmacokinetics. (2002)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.300.1.236" }, { "author": "van Amsterdam, J., Brunt, T. M., Pierce, M., & van den Brink, W.", "title": "Hard Boiled: Alcohol Use as a Risk Factor for MDMA-Induced Hyperthermia: a Systematic Review. (2021)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-021-00416-z" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "This combination of stimulants will increase strain on the heart, may cause some physical discomfort, and has the chance to cause cardiovascular issues. The anxiogenic and focusing effects of stimulants can increase the chance of unpleasant thought loops and make the experience more uncomfortable, this combination raises these chances. Amphetamines will increase the neurotoxic effects of MDMA, in addition to causing further concerns of hyperthermia due to the inherent nature of the combination. It will also raise one's body temperature, also likely making the combination more neurotoxic.", "sources": [ { "author": "Kelly J. Clemens, Iain S. McGregor, Glenn E. Hunt, Jennifer L. Cornish", "title": "MDMA, methamphetamine and their combination: possible lessons for party drug users from recent preclinical research", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/09595230601036945" }, { "author": "Kelly J. Clemens, Iain S. McGregor, Glenn E. Hunt, Jennifer L. Cornish", "title": "Repeated weekly exposure to MDMA, methamphetamine or their combination: long-term behavioural and neurochemical effects in rats ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.06.004" }, { "author": "P. Leon Brown, Eugene A. Kiyatkin", "title": "Brain hyperthermia induced by MDMA (‘ecstasy’): modulation by environmental conditions", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0953-816X.2004.03453.x" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "amt": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "benzodiazepines": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "caffeine": { "note": "Caffeine is not really necessary with MDMA and increases any neurotoxic effects from MDMA", "status": "Caution" }, "cannabis": { "note": "Large amounts of cannabis may cause strong and somewhat unpredictable experiences in combination with MDMA. Cannabis should be saved for towards the end of the experience if possible.", "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "cocaine": { "note": "Cocaine blocks some of the desirable effects of MDMA while increasing the risk of heart attack.", "status": "Caution" }, "dextromethorphan": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "dmt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "dox": { "note": "The combined stimulating effects of the two can be uncomfortable. Coming down on the MDMA while the DOx is still active can be quite anxiogenic. ", "status": "Caution" }, "ghb/gbl": { "note": "Large amounts of GHB/GBL may overwhelm the effects of MDMA on the comedown.", "status": "Caution" }, "ketamine": { "note": "No unexpected interactions, though likely to increase blood pressure but not an issue with sensible doses. Moving around on high doses of this combination may be ill advised due to risk of physical injury.", "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "lithium": { "note": "High risk of serotonin syndrome", "sources": [ { "author": "Lokesh Shahani", "title": "Venlafaxine Augmentation With Lithium Leading to Serotonin Syndrome", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.11080196" }, { "author": "Charles DeBattista, Mehmet Sofuoglu, and Alan F. Schatzberg", "title": "Serotonergic Synergism: The Risks and Benefits of Combining the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors with Other Serotonergic Drugs", "url": "https://www.biologicalpsychiatryjournal.com/article/S0006-3223(98)00161-9/pdf" }, { "author": "Olivier Massot Ph.D, Jean-Claude Rousselle Ph.D, Marie-Paule Fillion MSc, Dominique Januel MD, Mathieu Plantefol MSc & Gilles Fillion Ph.D ", "title": "5-HT1B Receptors: A Novel Target for Lithium: Possible Involvement in Mood Disorders", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00042-1" }, { "author": "Philip J. Cowen", "title": "New drugs, old problems: Revisiting… Pharmacological management of treatment-resistant depression", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/apt.11.1.19" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "lsd": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "maois": { "note": "MAO-B inhibitors can increase the potency and duration of phenethylamines unpredictably. MAO-A inhibitors with MDMA will lead to hypertensive crises.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "mephedrone": { "note": "Risk of serotonin syndrome as both drugs raise serotonin levels. Stimulants also increase the neurotoxic effects of MDMA, in addition to concerns of high blood pressure and unnecessary strain on the heart. As well as potentially causing anxiety and greater physical discomfort due to the combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "J Kehr, F Ichinose, S Yoshitake, M Goiny, T Sievertsson, F Nyberg, T Yoshitake", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Gregory C. Hadlock, Katy M. Webb, Lisa M. McFadden, Pei Wen Chu, Jonathan D. Ellis, Scott C. Allen, David M. Andrenyak, Paula L. Vieira-Brock, Christopher L. German, Kevin M. Conrad, Amanda J. Hoonakker, James W. Gibb, Diana G. Wilkins, Glen R. Hanson and Annette E. Fleckenstein", "title": "4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone): Neuropharmacological Effects of a Designer Stimulant of Abuse", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.111.184119 " }, { "author": "Gough B, Ali SF, Slikker W Jr, Holson RR. ", "title": "Acute effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on monoamines in rat caudate. (1991)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(91)90137-q" }, { "author": "Schmidt CJ, Levin JA, Lovenberg W. ", "title": "In vitro and in vivo neurochemical effects of methylenedioxymethamphetamine on striatal monoaminergic systems in the rat brain. (1987)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(87)90729-5" }, { "author": "Bankson MG, Cunningham KA.", "title": "3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) as a unique model of serotonin receptor function and serotonin-dopamine interactions. (2001)", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11356903/" }, { "author": "A.C. Parrott", "title": "Recreational Ecstasy/MDMA, the serotonin syndrome, and serotonergic neurotoxicity (2002)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0091-3057(01)00711-0" }, { "author": "Lisa H. Gold & George F. Koob ", "title": "MDMA produces stimulant-like conditioned locomotor activity. (1989)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00445556" }, { "author": "Meng H, Cao J, Kang J, Ying X, Ji J, Reynolds W, Rampe D.", "title": "Mephedrone, a new designer drug of abuse, produces acute hemodynamic effects in the rat ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.010" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "mescaline": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mushrooms": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mxe": { "note": "There have been reports of risky serotonergic interactions when the two are taken at the same time, but MXE taken to the end of an MDMA experience does not appear to cause the same issues.", "status": "Caution" }, "nbomes": { "status": "Caution" }, "nitrous": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "opioids": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "pcp": { "note": "This combination can easily lead to hypermanic states", "status": "Unsafe" }, "pregabalin": { "note": "There is a significant risk of seizures from this combination. Amphetamines increase respiration rate allowing for a higher dose of sedatives than normal. If amphetamines wears off first, recreational dosages of pregabalin may overcome the individual and cause respiratory arrest. Both substances at recreational dosages cause strain of the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications. Medical dosages are not reported to be a concern", "sources": [ { "author": "Alo, C., & Kioka, M. J. (2024)", "title": "Rave gone wrong: MDMA- induced medical emergency at electrical daisy carnival. A case report. Toxicology Reports, 13, 101739.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101739" }, { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Christie, D., Yazar-Klosinski, B., Nosova, E., Kryskow, P., Siu, W., Lessor, D., & Argento, E. (2022)", "title": "MDMA-assisted therapy is associated with a reduction in chronic pain among people with post-traumatic stress disorder. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.939302" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Oskouei, Z., Moshiri, M., Raouf-Rahmati, A., Nemati, A., Bemani Naeini, M., Jomehpour, H., Roohbakhsh, A., Salmasi, Z., & Etemad, L. (2025)", "title": "Seizures as an Adverse Effect of Pregabalin Consumption: A Systematic Review. Addiction & Health, 17, 1527.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.34172/ahj.1527" }, { "author": "Rietjens, S. J., Sikma, M. A., Hunault, C. C., De Lange, D. W., & Hondebrink, L. (2022)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning: Evaluation of dose‐toxicity relationship. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 88(3), 1288–1297.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.15073" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Vollenweider, F. X., Gamma, A., Liechti, M., & Huber, T. (1998)", "title": "Psychological and cardiovascular effects and short-term sequelae of MDMA (“ecstasy”) in MDMA-naïve healthy volunteers. Neuropsychopharmacology: Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 19(4), 241–251.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(98)00013-X" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "ssris": { "sources": [ { "author": "Feduccia, A. A., Jerome, L., Mithoefer, M. C., & Holland, J.", "title": "Discontinuation of medications classified as reuptake inhibitors affects treatment response of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-020-05710-w" }, { "author": "Sarparast, A., Thomas, K., Malcolm, B., & Stauffer, C. S.", "title": "Drug-drug interactions between psychiatric medications and MDMA or psilocybin: a systematic review.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06083-y" }, { "author": "Malcolm, B., & Thomas, K. ", "title": "Serotonin toxicity of serotonergic psychedelics.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-021-05876-x" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "tramadol": { "note": "Tramadol and stimulants both increase the risk of seizures.", "status": "Dangerous" } }, "dose_note": " NOTE: Higher dosages may increase neurotoxic effects", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-72" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "70-120mg", "Heavy": "165mg+", "Light": "30-70mg", "Strong": "120-165mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "75-125mg", "Heavy": "175mg+", "Light": "40-75mg", "Strong": "125-175mg" }, "Rectal": { "Common": "70-120mg", "Heavy": "165mg+", "Light": "30-70mg", "Strong": "120-165mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-70" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_MDMA.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal109.shtml" }, "name": "mdma", "pretty_name": "MDMA", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-72 hours.", "aliases": [ "molly", "ecstasy", "adam", "xtc", "mandy", "x", "md" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "empathogen", "habit-forming", "common" ], "detection": "1-3 days single use, 3-5 days heavy use", "dose": "Oral Light: 40-75mg Common: 75-125mg Strong: 125-175mg Heavy: 175mg+ | Insufflated/Rectal Light: 30-70mg Common: 70-120mg Strong: 120-165mg Heavy: 165mg+ | NOTE: Higher doses may increase neurotoxic effects", "duration": "3-5 hours", "general-advice": "It is recommended to wait at minimu multiple months between MDMA rolls.", "marquis": "Black (may have purple tint)", "onset": "20-70 minutes", "summary": "The drug has been associated with cognitive decline when taken in excess. The drug is used in a variety of ways, such as parties, music festivals, psychedelic therapy, and more. The drug often sold as powder or in pressed pills, and may be adulterated with other similar chemicals.", "wiki": "http://wiki.tripsit.me/wiki/MDMA" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Alpha-lipoic acid prevents 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA)-induced neurotoxicity - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10619665", "Involvement of free radicals in MDMA-induced neurotoxicity in mice. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11435997", "Methamphetamine and MDMA (ecstasy) neurotoxicity: 'of mice and men'. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15370888", "The neurotoxic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and methamphetamine on serotonin, dopamine, and GABA-ergic terminals - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15474609", "MDMA (Ecstasy) and human dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin transporters: implications for MDMA-induced neurotoxicity and treatment. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16220332", "Pharmacological aspects of the combined use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) and gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16234132", "3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) neurotoxicity in rats: a reappraisal of past and present findings. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16541247", "The effects of fluoxetine on the subjective and physiological effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in humans - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17047932", "Neurogenic bladder and chronic urinary retention associated with MDMA abuse. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18570171", "THC Prevents MDMA Neurotoxicity in Mice - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20174577", "Effects of a beta-blocker on the cardiovascular response to MDMA (Ecstasy). - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20378736", "Neurotoxicity of ecstasy (MDMA): an overview - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20420572", "MDMA: interactions with other psychoactive drugs - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21756931", "MDMA and temperature: a review of the thermal effects of 'Ecstasy' in humans. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21924843", "MDMA (ecstasy) effects on actual driving performance before and after sleep deprivation, as function of dose and concentration in blood and oral... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21952668", "MDMA increases glutamate release and reduces parvalbumin-positive GABAergic cells in the dorsal hippocampus of the rat: role of cyclooxygenase. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23179355", "MDMA Illicit use of LSD or psilocybin, but not MDMA or nonpsychedelic drugs, is associated with mystical experiences in a dose-dependent manner. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23457892", "Cocaine potentiates MDMA-induced oxidative stress but not dopaminergic neurotoxicity in mice: implications for the pathogenesis of free radical - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23681166", "MDMA-induced neurotoxicity: parameters of degeneration and recovery of brain serotonin neurons. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2452449", "MDMA, cortisol, and heightened stress in recreational ecstasy users. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25014666", "A study of the mechanism of MDMA ('ecstasy')-induced neurotoxicity of 5-HT neurones using chlormethiazole, dizocilpine and other protective compounds. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7516800", "Inhibition of MAO-B protects against MDMA-induced neurotoxicity in the striatum. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7542394", "MDMA (ecstasy) inhibition of MAO type A and type B: comparisons with fenfluramine and fluoxetine (Prozac). - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7945733", "Ecstasy use and serotonin syndrome: a neglected danger to adolescents and young adults prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24006318", "3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) and alcohol interactions in humans: psychomotor performance, subjective effects, and pharmacokinetics. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11752122", "Putting an Ecstasy test kit to the test: harm reduction or harm induction? - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14594341", "MDMA Vasopressin and oxytocin secretion in response to the consumption of ecstasy in a clubbing population. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16574714", "Monoamine oxidase-B mediates ecstasy-induced neurotoxic effects to adolescent rat brain mitochondria. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17881526", "Increased oxytocin concentrations and prosocial feelings in humans after ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) administration. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19562632", "Neurotoxicity of ecstasy (MDMA): an overview. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20420572", "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21615721", "Neurotoxicity of ecstasy and its metabolites in human dopaminergic differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23194825", "Neuroprotective properties of melissa officinalis L. Extract against ecstasy-induced neurotoxicity. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23671824", "Ecstasy use and serotonin syndrome: a neglected danger to adolescents and young adults prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24006318", "MDMA, cortisol, and heightened stress in recreational ecstasy users - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25014666", "History of MDMA - http://www.mdma.net/merck/history-ecstasy.html", "Study associating long-term serotonergic injury from use of MDMA - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7643196", "Even after abstaining as long as 2.5 years, verbal memory deficits were still present in ex-mdma abuserd, indicating that the neurotoxicity may have some permanent damage features - http://m.jop.sagepub.com/content/20/2/211.short", "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/nrc.20023/abstract Potentiation of (DL)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-induced toxicity by the serotonin 2A receptior partial agonist d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and the protection of same by the serotonin 2A/2C receptor antagonist MDL 11,939" ] } }, "mdoh": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "120-150mg", "Heavy": "150mg+", "Light": "100-120mg", "Threshold": "80mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_MDOH.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal114.shtml" }, "name": "mdoh", "pretty_name": "MDOH", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Threshold: 80mg Light: 100-120mg Common: 120-150mg Heavy: 150mg+ (Tentative)", "duration": "4-6 hours", "onset": "20-40 minutes.", "summary": "An entactogen, stimulant, and psychedelic first synthesised by Alexander Shulgin. MDOH is an analogue of MDA. The drug is described as having highly psychedelic effects. The drug is suspected to be a serotonin releasing agent. The drug has not seen widespread use. The drug is reported to have a number of side effects such as urinary retention and a heavy comedown." } }, "mdpa": { "aliases": [ "methylenedioxyphenylacetamide" ], "categories": [ "empathogen", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "125-175mg", "Heavy": "250+mg.", "Light": "75-125mg", "Strong": "175-250mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "mdpa", "pretty_name": "MDPA", "properties": { "aliases": [ "methylenedioxyphenylacetamide" ], "categories": [ "empathogen", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 75-125mg Common: 125-175mg Strong: 175-250mg Heavy: 250+mg.", "duration": "2-4 hours", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "An obscure substituted methylenedioxyphenethylamine with little history of human use. The drugs pharmacological profile is largely unknown, it is suspected to exhibit similar properties to other MDxx compounds. The drug may be a monoamine releaser and or a reuptake inhibitor." } }, "mdphp": { "aliases": [ "monkey-dust" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "habit-forming", "research-chemical" ], "dose_note": "NOTE: The dosage data is tentative. Potency and composition of batches vary significantly and as such caution should be used when taking MDPHP. See ~mdphp summary", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-36", "Oral": "2-16" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "20-35mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "35mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4", "Oral": "3-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Stimulation", "Incresed Motivation", "Mood Enhancement", "Euphoria", "Sexual Enhancement", "Anxiety", "Paranoia", "Dry Mouth", "Muscle Tension", "Restlessness", "Uncomfortable Stimulation" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-15", "Oral": "30-60" }, "name": "mdphp", "pretty_name": "MDPHP", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 2-16h | Insufflated: 2-36h", "aliases": [ "monkey-dust" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "habit-forming", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "NOTE: The dosage data is tentative. Potency and composition of batches vary significantly and as such caution should be used when taking MDPHP. See ~mdphp summary | Oral Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-35mg Strong: 35+mg | Insufflated Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20+mg", "duration": "Oral: 3-6 hours | Insufflated: 2-4 hours", "effects": "Stimulation, Incresed Motivation, Mood Enhancement, Euphoria, Sexual Enhancement, Anxiety, Paranoia, Dry Mouth, Muscle Tension, Restlessness, Uncomfortable Stimulation", "onset": "Oral: 30-60 minutes | Insufflated: 5-15 minutes", "summary": "MDPHP aka 'Monkey-Dust' is a substituted cathinone and pyrovalerone which has often been sold as an alternative to a-PHP and MDPV. The drug is reported to be less intense than MDPV while having similar subjective effects. MDPHP potency is reported to vary wildly, and there are reports of mixed composition batches containing other drugs. There is little known about MDPHP in terms of toxicity, pharmacology, and metabolism." } }, "mdpv": { "aliases": [ "bath_salts" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-48" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "5-11mg", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg", "Threshold": "1-3mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "8-15mg", "Light": "4-10mg", "Strong": "12-25mg", "Threshold": "2-6mg" }, "Rectal": { "Common": "6-12mg", "Light": "3-8mg", "Strong": "10-25mg", "Threshold": "1-5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4", "Oral": "2-7" }, "formatted_effects": [ "stimulation (mental and physical)", "euphoria", "increased mental clarity", "elevated heart rate", "headache", "confusion", "paranoia", "loss of apetite", "muscle tension" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-20", "Oral": "15-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_MDPV.shtml" }, "name": "mdpv", "pretty_name": "MDPV", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-48 hours", "aliases": [ "bath_salts" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Insufflated Threshold: 1-3mg Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-11mg Strong: 10-20mg | Oral Threshold: 2-6mg Light: 4-10mg Common: 8-15mg Strong: 12-25mg | Rectal Threshold: 1-5mg Light: 3-8mg Common: 6-12mg Strong: 10-25mg", "duration": "Oral: 2-7 hours | Insufflated: 2-4 hours", "effects": "stimulation (mental and physical), euphoria, increased mental clarity, elevated heart rate, headache, confusion, paranoia, loss of apetite, muscle tension", "marquis": "Yellow", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes | Insufflated: 5-20 minutes", "summary": "MDPV is a potent stimulant, that often promotes compulsive behavior and euphoric effects. The drug is reported to share similar empathogenic effects with MDMA. There are an abnormally high amount of psychosis cases associated with MDPV. MDPV has been found in products sold as \"bath salts\", \"plant food/fertilizer\", and in products sold as \"MDMA.\"" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Effect of synthetic cathinones: mephedrone, butylone and 3,4 methylene-dioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) on social separation induced distress vocalization,.. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25107736" ] } }, "mebroqualone": { "aliases": [ "mbq" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Sublingual": { "Common": "8-15mg", "Light": "5-8mg", "Strong": "15-20mg.", "Threshold": "3-5mg" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "3-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg+", "Threshold": "2-3mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "30-60", "Oral": "60-120", "Sublingual": "45-90", "Vapourized": "20-40" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral": "10-20", "Sublingual": "5-15", "Vapourized": "1-2" }, "name": "mebroqualone", "pretty_name": "Mebroqualone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "mbq" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Sublingual Threshold: 3-5mg Light: 5-8mg Common: 8-15mg Strong: 15-20mg. | Vapourized Threshold: 2-3mg Light: 3-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg+", "duration": "Oral: 60-120 minutes. | Sublingual: 45-90 minutes. | Insufflated: 30-60 minutes. | Vapourized: 20-40 minutes.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "Oral: 10-20 minutes. | Sublingual: 5-15 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes. | Vapourized: 1-2 minutes.", "summary": "A short-acting more potent analogue of Methaqualone." } }, "meclonazepam": { "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "3-6mg", "Heavy": "6-12mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "9-15" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-60" }, "name": "meclonazepam", "pretty_name": "Meclonazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light:1.50-3mg Common: 3-6mg Heavy: 6-12mg", "duration": "9-15 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "20-60 minutes", "summary": "A benzodiazepine related to clonazepam discovered by Hoffman-LaRoche in the 1960s. The drug is suspected to be useful in treating schistosomiasis. The drug has been sold on the grey market as a recreational drug but has not seen widespread popularity." } }, "medazepam": { "aliases": [ "nobrium", "azepamid", "rudotel", "raporan", "mezapam", "talis" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-172" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-40mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-16" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-120" }, "name": "medazepam", "pretty_name": "Medazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-172 hours.", "aliases": [ "nobrium", "azepamid", "rudotel", "raporan", "mezapam", "talis" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-40mg.", "dose_to_diazepam": "Medazepam - 10mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "8-16 hours.", "onset": "30-120 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is a benzodiazepine derivative and is described to have similar effects as diazepam. The drug is reportedly long-acting with a half-life of 36-200 hours. The drug is rarely prescribed and is a prodrug to diazepam. The drug has been described by anectodal reports as a sort of '/Desoxy-Diazepam/'." } }, "melatonin": { "categories": [ "nootropic", "common", "supplement" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": ".3-1mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Melatonin.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal35.shtml" }, "name": "melatonin", "pretty_name": "Melatonin", "properties": { "categories": [ "nootropic", "common", "supplement" ], "dose": "Common: 0.3-1mg", "duration": "6-8 hours.", "onset": "Within an hour.", "summary": "A naturally occurring hormone produced in the body that promotes sleep at certain times in the day based on the circadian rhythm. It is commonly available as a drug to treat insomnia and to promote a healthier sleep cycle. It is sometimes used to promote sleepfulness at the tail-end of drug experiences, though it is reported to be not particularly hypnotic." }, "pweffects": { "Dream potentiation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dream_potentiation" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Intranasal absorption of melatonin in vivo bioavailability study. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10332069", "Solubility and stability of melatonin in propylene glycol and 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin vehicles. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18982260", "Melatonin, a potential therapeutic agent for smooth muscle-related pathological conditions and aging. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20939818", "Anxiolytic-like effects of a new 1-N substituted analog of melatonin in pinealectomized rats. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24495777", "Sleep-inducing effects of low doses of melatonin ingested in the evening. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7768078", "Anxiolytic activity of melatonin in mice: involvement of benzodiazepine receptors. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7905658" ], "dose": [ "http://news.mit.edu/2001/melatonin-1017" ] } }, "mem": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-35mg", "Light": "15-25mg", "Strong": "35-45mg+.", "Threshold": "15mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-16" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_MEM.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal122.shtml" }, "name": "mem", "pretty_name": "MEM", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Threshold: 15mg Low: 15-25mg Common: 25-35mg Strong: 35-45mg+.", "duration": "8-16 hours (Highly dependant on dose)", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "Typically within 60 minutes.", "summary": "A rare psychedelic amphetamine discovered by Alexander Shulgin. Related to the DOx class of drugs, there is little known about the obscure compounds pharmacology. However, it is suspected to have a high potency and to have a long duration." } }, "memantine": { "categories": [ "dissociative", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-72" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-40mg", "Heavy": "40-80mg+", "Light": "10-20mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-72" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "memantine", "pretty_name": "Memantine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-72 hours.", "categories": [ "dissociative", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Low: 10-20mg Common: 20-40mg Heavy: 40-80mg+", "duration": "12-72 hours", "onset": "30-90 minutes.", "summary": "An NMDA-antagonist that may produce a prolonged dissociative \"hole\" experience lasting up to 16+ hours. The drug is used clinically to slow the progression of moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease, among other uses=." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Memantine prevents aluminum-induced cognitive deficit in rats - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21741993", "Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Memantine - https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00270" ] } }, "mephedrone": { "aliases": [ "4-mmc", "meow meow", "m-cat", "4-methylmethcathinone", "4mmc" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "combos": { "caffeine": { "note": "This combination of stimulants is not generally necessary and may increase strain on the heart, as well as potentially causing anxiety and great physical discomfort. However, individual responses to caffeine can vary significantly, often influenced by factors like habitual versus occasional usage.", "sources": [ { "author": "Mesas AE, Leon-Muñoz LM, Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Lopez-Garcia E", "title": " The effect of coffee on blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in hypertensive individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.016667" }, { "author": "Nurminen, ML., Niittynen, L., Korpela, R", "title": "Coffee, caffeine and blood pressure: a critical review", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600899" }, { "author": "Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Military Nutrition Research.", "title": "Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance: Formulations for Military Operations.", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK223808/" }, { "author": "Baumann MH, Ayestas MA Jr, Partilla JS, Sink JR, Shulgin AT, Daley PF, Brandt SD, Rothman RB, Ruoho AE, Cozzi NV", "title": "The designer methcathinone analogs, mephedrone and methylone, are substrates for monoamine transporters in brain tissue ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2011.304" }, { "author": "Wright MJ Jr, Vandewater SA, Angrish D, Dickerson TJ, Taffe MA", "title": "Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone) and d-methamphetamine improve visuospatial associative memory, but not spatial working memory, in rhesus macaques", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1476-5381.2012.02091.x" }, { "author": "Kehr J, Ichinose F, Yoshitake S, Goiny M, Sievertsson T, Nyberg F, Yoshitake T", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "dextromethorphan": { "note": "Risk of serotonin syndrome as both drugs raise serotonin levels. In addition to concerns of high blood pressure and unnecessary strain on the heart. As well as potentially causing anxiety and greater physical discomfort due to the combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "J Kehr, F Ichinose, S Yoshitake, M Goiny, T Sievertsson, F Nyberg, T Yoshitake", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Gregory C. Hadlock, Katy M. Webb, Lisa M. McFadden, Pei Wen Chu, Jonathan D. Ellis, Scott C. Allen, David M. Andrenyak, Paula L. Vieira-Brock, Christopher L. German, Kevin M. Conrad, Amanda J. Hoonakker, James W. Gibb, Diana G. Wilkins, Glen R. Hanson and Annette E. Fleckenstein", "title": "4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone): Neuropharmacological Effects of a Designer Stimulant of Abuse", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.111.184119 " }, { "author": "Anna R. Schwartz, Anthony F. Pizon & Daniel E. Brooks", "title": "Dextromethorphan-induced serotonin syndrome", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650701668625" }, { "author": "DrugBank", "title": "Dextromethorphan", "url": "https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00514" }, { "author": "Henderson MG, Fuller RW", "title": "Dextromethorphan antagonizes the acute depletion of brain serotonin by p-chloroamphetamine and H75/12 in rats", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(92)91144-4" }, { "author": "Reissig CJ, Carter LP, Johnson MW, Mintzer MZ, Klinedinst MA, Griffiths RR", "title": "High doses of dextromethorphan, an NMDA antagonist, produce effects similar to classic hallucinogens ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-012-2680-6" }, { "author": "Meng H, Cao J, Kang J, Ying X, Ji J, Reynolds W, Rampe D.", "title": "Mephedrone, a new designer drug of abuse, produces acute hemodynamic effects in the rat ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.010" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "diphenhydramine": { "note": "There is a high risk of serotonin syndrome at recreational dosages. Both can dull each other's effects, so if one wears off before the other it's possible to overdose due to the lack of counteraction. Medical dosages are reported not to be a concern for the general population. Both substances affect the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications at higher dosages. The combination may increase each other's side effects, such as dizziness and drowsiness. At higher dosages, the combination may increase each other's side effects, such as delirium, mania, and psychosis.", "sources": [ { "author": "Clark, J. H., Meltzer, E. O., & Naclerio, R. M.", "title": "Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye. World Allergy Organization Journal, 18(2), 101027 (2025)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027" }, { "author": "Ener, R. A., Meglathery, S. B., Decker, W. A. V., & Gallagher, R. M.", "title": "Serotonin Syndrome and Other Serotonergic Disorders: Table 1. Pain Medicine, 4(1), 63-74 (2003)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4637.2003.03005.x" }, { "author": "Hadlock, G. C., Webb, K. M., McFadden, L. M., Chu, P. W., Ellis, J. D., Allen, S. C., Andrenyak, D. M., Vieira-Brock, P. L., German, C. L., Conrad, K. M., Hoonakker, A. J., Gibb, J. W., Wilkins, D. G., Hanson, G. R., & Fleckenstein, A. E.", "title": "4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone): Neuropharmacological Effects of a Designer Stimulant of Abuse. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 339(2), 530-536 (2011)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.111.184119" }, { "author": "Kehr, J., Ichinose, F., Yoshitake, S., Goiny, M., Sievertsson, T., Nyberg, F., & Yoshitake, T.", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats: Mephedrone increases both DA and 5-HT in rat brain. British Journal of Pharmacology, 164(8), 1949-1958 (2011)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Meng, H., Cao, J., Kang, J., Ying, X., Ji, J., Reynolds, W., & Rampe, D.", "title": "Mephedrone, a new designer drug of abuse, produces acute hemodynamic effects in the rat. Toxicology Letters, 208(1), 62-68 (2012)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.010" }, { "author": "Varghese, E., Abate, M. A., Hu, L., Kaplan, J., Kraner, J., Long, D. L., Sorg, M., Mock, A., Greenwald, M., & Andrew, T.", "title": "Characterization of Diphenhydramine-Related Accidental Overdose Deaths. Academic Forensic Pathology, 5(1), 105-115 (2015)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.23907/2015.011" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "dmt": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "sources": [ { "author": "Carbonaro, T. M., & Gatch, M. B.", "title": "Neuropharmacology of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine. Brain Research Bulletin, 126(Pt 1), 74–88 (2016)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.04.016" }, { "author": "Erhorn, S.", "title": "Dimethyltryptamine. In xPharm: The Comprehensive Pharmacology Reference, 1–4 (2007)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-008055232-3.62227-5" }, { "author": "Kehr, J., Ichinose, F., Yoshitake, S., Goiny, M., Sievertsson, T., Nyberg, F., & Yoshitake, T.", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats. British Journal of Pharmacology, 164(8), 1949–1958 (2011)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Papaseit, E., Moltó, J., Muga, R., Torrens, M., de la Torre, R., & Farré, M.", "title": "Clinical Pharmacology of the Synthetic Cathinone Mephedrone. In M. H. Baumann, R. A. Glennon, & J. L. Wiley (Eds.), Neuropharmacology of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS): The Science Behind the Headlines, 313–331 (2017)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2016_61" }, { "author": "Wood, D. M., Davies, S., Greene, S. L., Button, J., Holt, D. W., Ramsey, J., & Dargan, P. I.", "title": "Case series of individuals with analytically confirmed acute mephedrone toxicity. Clinical Toxicology, 48(9), 924–927 (2010)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2010.531021" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "dox": { "note": "The anxiogenic and focusing effects of stimulants increase the chance of unpleasant thought loops, in addition to the possible negative side effects of coming down from said stimulant while on a psychedelic. In extreme cases, stimulants, especially in combination can result in severe vasoconstriction, tachycardia, hypertension, and heart failure.", "sources": [ { "author": "ScienceDirect Topics (n.d.)", "title": "2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine - an overview", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/2-5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine" }, { "author": "Dargan, P. I., Sedefov, R., Gallegos, A., & Wood, D. M. (2011)", "title": "The pharmacology and toxicology of the synthetic cathinone mephedrone (4‐methylmethcathinone). Drug Testing and Analysis, 3(7–8), 454–463", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.312" }, { "author": "Kehr, J., Ichinose, F., Yoshitake, S., Goiny, M., Sievertsson, T., Nyberg, F., & Yoshitake, T. (2011)", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats: Mephedrone increases both DA and 5-HT in rat brain. British Journal of Pharmacology, 164(8), 1949–1958", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Trout, K., & Daley, P. F. (2024)", "title": "The origin of 2,5‐dimethoxy‐4‐methylamphetamine (DOM, STP). Drug Testing and Analysis, 16(12), 1496–1508", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.3667" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "ghb/gbl": { "note": "Both can dull each other's effects, so if one wears off before the other it's possible to overdose due to the lack of counteraction. Both substances affect the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications at higher dosages. Additionally, the combination may increase the negative side effects of each other.", "sources": [ { "author": "Aromatario, M., Bottoni, E., Santoni, M., & Ciallella, C.", "title": "New \"Lethal highs\": A case of a deadly cocktail of GHB and Mephedrone. Forensic Science International, 223(1), e38–e41 (2012)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.09.014" }, { "author": "Drugs.ie", "title": "Drug Combinations \"Mixing Drugs\" - Drug and Alcohol Information and Support in Ireland (2025)", "url": "https://www.drugs.ie/drugs_info/about_drugs/poly_drug_use1/" }, { "author": "Felmlee, M. A., Morse, B. L., & Morris, M. E.", "title": "γ-Hydroxybutyric Acid: Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Toxicology. The AAPS Journal, 23(1), 22 (2021)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1208/s12248-020-00543-z" }, { "author": "Galicia, M., Nogue, S., & Miró, O.", "title": "Liquid ecstasy intoxication: clinical features of 505 consecutive emergency department patients. Emergency Medicine Journal: EMJ, 28(6), 462–466 (2011)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/emj.2008.068403" }, { "author": "Kehr, J., Ichinose, F., Yoshitake, S., Goiny, M., Sievertsson, T., Nyberg, F., & Yoshitake, T.", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats. British Journal of Pharmacology, 164(8), 1949–1958 (2011)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Kozina, L., Grizelj Benussi, M., & Sutara, N.", "title": "Novel Psychoactive Substances – GHB- and Mephedrone-Induced Delirium Treated with Olanzapine: A Case Report and Literature Review. Medicina Fluminensis, 61(3), 318–326 (2025)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.21860/medflum2025_332196" }, { "author": "Mayer, F. P., Niello, M., Bulling, S., Zhang, Y.-W., Li, Y., Kudlacek, O., Holy, M., Kooti, F., Sandtner, W., Rudnick, G., Schmid, D., & Sitte, H. H.", "title": "Mephedrone induces partial release at human dopamine transporters but full release at human serotonin transporters. Neuropharmacology, 240, 109704 (2023)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109704" }, { "author": "Papaseit, E., Moltó, J., Muga, R., Torrens, M., de la Torre, R., & Farré, M.", "title": "Clinical Pharmacology of the Synthetic Cathinone Mephedrone. Neuropharmacology of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS): The Science Behind the Headlines, pp. 313–331 (2017)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2016_61" }, { "author": "Wood, D. M., Davies, S., Greene, S. L., Button, J., Holt, D. W., Ramsey, J., & Dargan, P. I.", "title": "Case series of individuals with analytically confirmed acute mephedrone toxicity. Clinical Toxicology, 48(9), 924–927 (2010)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2010.531021" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "lsd": { "note": "The anxiogenic and focusing effects of stimulants increase the chance of unpleasant thought loops, in addition to the possible negative side effects of coming down from said stimulant while on a psychedelic. In extreme cases, stimulants, especially in combination can result in severe vasoconstriction, tachycardia, hypertension, and heart failure.", "sources": [ { "author": "Gregory C. Hadlock, Katy M. Webb, Lisa M. McFadden, Pei Wen Chu, Jonathan D. Ellis, Scott C. Allen, David M. Andrenyak, Paula L. Vieira-Brock, Christopher L. German, Kevin M. Conrad, Amanda J. Hoonakker, James W. Gibb, Diana G. Wilkins, Glen R. Hanson and Annette E. Fleckenstein", "title": "4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone): Neuropharmacological Effects of a Designer Stimulant of Abuse", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.111.184119" }, { "author": "Michael H Baumann, Mario A Ayestas Jr, John S Partilla, Jacqueline R Sink, Alexander T Shulgin, Paul F Daley, Simon D Brandt, Richard B Rothman, Arnold E Ruoho, Nicholas V Cozzi", "title": "The designer methcathinone analogs, mephedrone and methylone, are substrates for monoamine transporters in brain tissue ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2011.304" }, { "author": "MJ Wright, Jr, SA Vandewater, D Angrish, 2 TJ Dickerson, and MA Taffe", "title": "Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone) and d-methamphetamine improve visuospatial associative memory, but not spatial working memory, in rhesus macaques", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1476-5381.2012.02091.x" }, { "author": "J Kehr, F Ichinose, S Yoshitake, M Goiny,1, T Sievertsson, F Nyberg, and T Yoshitake", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Jolanta Opacka-Juffry, Thomas Pinnell, Nisha Patel, Melissa Bevan, Meghan Meintel, Colin Davidson", "title": "Stimulant mechanisms of cathinones - effects of mephedrone and other cathinones on basal and electrically evoked dopamine efflux in rat accumbens brain slices ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.04.009" }, { "author": "Schmid Y, Enzler F, Gasser P, Grouzmann E, Preller KH, Vollenweider FX, Brenneisen R, Müller F, Borgwardt S, Liechti ME", "title": "Acute Effects of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide in Healthy Subjects ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.11.015" }, { "author": "Holze F, Vizeli P, Müller F, Ley L, Duerig R, Varghese N, Eckert A, Borgwardt S, Liechti ME", "title": "Distinct acute effects of LSD, MDMA, and D-amphetamine in healthy subjects ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-019-0569-3" }, { "author": "Kenneth J Broadley", "title": "The vascular effects of trace amines and amphetamines ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.11.005" }, { "author": "James R. Docherty, Hadeel A. Alsufyani", "title": "Cardiovascular and temperature adverse actions of stimulants", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15465" }, { "author": "James R. Docherty DSc, Hadeel A. Alsufyani MB, PhD", "title": "Pharmacology of Drugs Used as Stimulants", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jcph.1918" }, { "author": "Breier Y, Azrak E, Banks W, Kushmakov R, Aleshinskaya I", "title": "Management of New Onset Amphetamine-Induced Acute Decompensated Heart Failure in a Young Adult: Case Report", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759%2Fcureus.43854" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "mdma": { "note": "Risk of serotonin syndrome as both drugs raise serotonin levels. Stimulants also increase the neurotoxic effects of MDMA, in addition to concerns of high blood pressure and unnecessary strain on the heart. As well as potentially causing anxiety and greater physical discomfort due to the combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "J Kehr, F Ichinose, S Yoshitake, M Goiny, T Sievertsson, F Nyberg, T Yoshitake", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Gregory C. Hadlock, Katy M. Webb, Lisa M. McFadden, Pei Wen Chu, Jonathan D. Ellis, Scott C. Allen, David M. Andrenyak, Paula L. Vieira-Brock, Christopher L. German, Kevin M. Conrad, Amanda J. Hoonakker, James W. Gibb, Diana G. Wilkins, Glen R. Hanson and Annette E. Fleckenstein", "title": "4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone): Neuropharmacological Effects of a Designer Stimulant of Abuse", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.111.184119 " }, { "author": "Gough B, Ali SF, Slikker W Jr, Holson RR. ", "title": "Acute effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on monoamines in rat caudate. (1991)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(91)90137-q" }, { "author": "Schmidt CJ, Levin JA, Lovenberg W. ", "title": "In vitro and in vivo neurochemical effects of methylenedioxymethamphetamine on striatal monoaminergic systems in the rat brain. (1987)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(87)90729-5" }, { "author": "Bankson MG, Cunningham KA.", "title": "3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) as a unique model of serotonin receptor function and serotonin-dopamine interactions. (2001)", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11356903/" }, { "author": "A.C. Parrott", "title": "Recreational Ecstasy/MDMA, the serotonin syndrome, and serotonergic neurotoxicity (2002)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0091-3057(01)00711-0" }, { "author": "Lisa H. Gold & George F. Koob ", "title": "MDMA produces stimulant-like conditioned locomotor activity. (1989)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00445556" }, { "author": "Meng H, Cao J, Kang J, Ying X, Ji J, Reynolds W, Rampe D.", "title": "Mephedrone, a new designer drug of abuse, produces acute hemodynamic effects in the rat ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.010" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "mushrooms": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "sources": [ { "author": "Goel, D. B., & Zilate, S. (2022)", "title": "Potential Therapeutic Effects of Psilocybin: A Systematic Review. Cureus, 14(10), e30214.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.30214" }, { "author": "Kehr, J., Ichinose, F., Yoshitake, S., Goiny, M., Sievertsson, T., Nyberg, F., & Yoshitake, T. (2011)", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats: Mephedrone increases both DA and 5-HT in rat brain. British Journal of Pharmacology, 164(8), 1949–1958.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Papaseit, E., Moltó, J., Muga, R., Torrens, M., De La Torre, R., & Farré, M. (2016)", "title": "Clinical Pharmacology of the Synthetic Cathinone Mephedrone. In Neuropharmacology of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) (Vol. 32, pp. 313–331).", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2016_61" }, { "author": "Passie, T., Seifert, J., Schneider, U., & Emrich, H. M. (2002)", "title": "The pharmacology of psilocybin. Addiction Biology, 7(4), 357–364.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/1355621021000005937" }, { "author": "Wood, D. M., Davies, S., Greene, S. L., Button, J., Holt, D. W., Ramsey, J., & Dargan, P. I. (2010)", "title": "Case series of individuals with analytically confirmed acute mephedrone toxicity. Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 48(9), 924–927.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2010.531021" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "opioids": { "note": "Stimulants increase respiration rate allowing a higher dose of opiates. If the stimulant wears off first then the opiate may overcome the patient and cause respiratory arrest.", "sources": [ { "author": "Cohen, B., Ruth, L. J., & Preuss, C. V. (2025)", "title": "Opioid Analgesics. In StatPearls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459161/" }, { "author": "Dargan, P. I., Sedefov, R., Gallegos, A., & Wood, D. M. (2011)", "title": "The pharmacology and toxicology of the synthetic cathinone mephedrone (4‐methylmethcathinone). Drug Testing and Analysis, 3(7–8), 454–463.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.312" }, { "author": "Hadlock, G. C., Webb, K. M., McFadden, L. M., Chu, P. W., Ellis, J. D., Allen, S. C., Andrenyak, D. M., Vieira-Brock, P. L., German, C. L., Conrad, K. M., Hoonakker, A. J., Gibb, J. W., Wilkins, D. G., Hanson, G. R., & Fleckenstein, A. E. (2011)", "title": "4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone): Neuropharmacological Effects of a Designer Stimulant of Abuse. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 339(2), 530–536.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.111.184119" }, { "author": "Kehr, J., Ichinose, F., Yoshitake, S., Goiny, M., Sievertsson, T., Nyberg, F., & Yoshitake, T. (2011)", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats: Mephedrone increases both DA and 5-HT in rat brain. British Journal of Pharmacology, 164(8), 1949–1958.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Meng, H., Cao, J., Kang, J., Ying, X., Ji, J., Reynolds, W., & Rampe, D. (2012)", "title": "Mephedrone, a new designer drug of abuse, produces acute hemodynamic effects in the rat. Toxicology Letters, 208(1), 62–68.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.010" }, { "author": "Pathan, H., & Williams, J. (2012)", "title": "Basic opioid pharmacology: an update. British Journal of Pain, 6(1), 11–16.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/2049463712438493" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "pregabalin": { "note": "There is a significant risk of seizures from this combination. Mephedrone increases respiration rate allowing for a higher dose of sedatives than normal. If mephedrone wears off first, recreational dosages of pregabalin may overcome the individual and cause respiratory arrest. Both substances at recreational dosages cause strain of the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications.", "sources": [ { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben‐Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin Pharmacology and Its Relevance to Clinical Practice. Epilepsia, 45(s6), 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Dargan, P. I., Sedefov, R., Gallegos, A., & Wood, D. M. (2011)", "title": "The pharmacology and toxicology of the synthetic cathinone mephedrone (4‐methylmethcathinone). Drug Testing and Analysis, 3(7–8), 454–463.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.312" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures: A historical-controlled trial. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N., & Livingston, J. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti‐epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Altair. (n.d)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kehr, J., Ichinose, F., Yoshitake, S., Goiny, M., Sievertsson, T., Nyberg, F., & Yoshitake, T. (2011)", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats: Mephedrone increases both DA and 5-HT in rat brain. British Journal of Pharmacology, 164(8), 1949–1958.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Meng, H., Cao, J., Kang, J., Ying, X., Ji, J., Reynolds, W., & Rampe, D. (2012)", "title": "Mephedrone, a new designer drug of abuse, produces acute hemodynamic effects in the rat. Toxicology Letters, 208(1), 62–68.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.010" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "tramadol": { "note": "There is a high risk of serotonin syndrome and seizures at recreational dosages. Both substances affect the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications at higher dosages. Both can dull each other's effects, so if one wears off before the other it's possible to overdose due to the lack of counteraction. The combination may increase each other's side effects, such as dizziness and drowsiness. At higher dosages, the combination may increase each other’s side effects, such as delirium, mania, and psychosis.", "sources": [ { "author": "Boostani, R., & Derakhshan, S.", "title": "Tramadol induced seizure: A 3-year study. Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine, 3(3), 484–487 (2012)", "url": "N/A" }, { "author": "Ener, R. A., Meglathery, S. B., Decker, W. A. V., & Gallagher, R. M.", "title": "Serotonin Syndrome and Other Serotonergic Disorders: Table 1. Pain Medicine, 4(1), 63–74 (2003)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4637.2003.03005.x" }, { "author": "Hadlock, G. C., Webb, K. M., McFadden, L. M., Chu, P. W., Ellis, J. D., Allen, S. C., Andrenyak, D. M., Vieira-Brock, P. L., German, C. L., Conrad, K. M., Hoonakker, A. J., Gibb, J. W., Wilkins, D. G., Hanson, G. R., & Fleckenstein, A. E.", "title": "4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone): Neuropharmacological Effects of a Designer Stimulant of Abuse. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 339(2), 530–536 (2011)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.111.184119" }, { "author": "Kehr, J., Ichinose, F., Yoshitake, S., Goiny, M., Sievertsson, T., Nyberg, F., & Yoshitake, T.", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats: Mephedrone increases both DA and 5-HT in rat brain. British Journal of Pharmacology, 164(8), 1949–1958 (2011)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Lagard, C., Vodovar, D., Chevillard, L., Callebert, J., Caillé, F., Pottier, G., Liang, H., Risède, P., Tournier, N., & Mégarbane, B.", "title": "Investigation of the Mechanisms of Tramadol-Induced Seizures in Overdose in the Rat. Pharmaceuticals, 15(10), 1254 (2022)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15101254" }, { "author": "Meng, H., Cao, J., Kang, J., Ying, X., Ji, J., Reynolds, W., & Rampe, D.", "title": "Mephedrone, a new designer drug of abuse, produces acute hemodynamic effects in the rat. Toxicology Letters, 208(1), 62–68 (2012)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.010" }, { "author": "Sansone, R. A., & Sansone, L. A.", "title": "Tramadol: seizures, serotonin syndrome, and coadministered antidepressants. Psychiatry (Edgmont (Pa.: Township)), 6(4), 17–21 (2009)", "url": "N/A" } ], "status": "Dangerous" } }, "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "20-80mg", "Heavy": "125mg+", "Light": "15-25mg", "Strong": "75-125mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "100-200mg", "Heavy": "300mg+", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "150-300mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-3" }, "formatted_effects": [ "The drug is reported as being more of an intense stimulant than MDMA but with less of an empathogenic feel." ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4Methylmethcathinone.shtml" }, "name": "mephedrone", "pretty_name": "Mephedrone", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-24 hours", "aliases": [ "4-mmc", "meow meow", "m-cat", "4-methylmethcathinone", "4mmc" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "detection": "There are conflicting reports on whether the drug shows positive on standard drug tests.", "dose": "Oral Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-200mg Strong: 150-300mg Heavy: 300mg+ | Insufflated Light: 15-25mg Common: 20-80mg Strong: 75-125mg Heavy: 125mg+", "duration": "2-3 hours", "effects": "The drug is reported as being more of an intense stimulant than MDMA but with less of an empathogenic feel.", "onset": "15-45 minutes", "summary": "A short-lived euphoric stimulant that was developed as an analogue of MDMA. Reports indicate a strong urge to compulsively redose." }, "pweffects": { "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Body odor alteration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Body_odor_alteration", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Ego inflation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Ego_inflation", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Increased perspiration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_perspiration", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Thought disorganization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_disorganization", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Vibrating vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vibrating_vision", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Mephedrone toxicity has been clinically associated with seizures - http://emj.bmj.com/content/28/4/280.short" ] } }, "mephenmetrazine": { "aliases": [ "4-mpm", "4-methylphenmetrazine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-25mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "15-25mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "25-40mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-3", "Oral": "3-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral": "15-30" }, "name": "mephenmetrazine", "pretty_name": "4-MPM", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "4-mpm", "4-methylphenmetrazine" ], "avoid": "Other stimulants.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming", "empathogen" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-25mg Strong: 25-40mg. | Insufflated Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-25mg's.", "duration": "Oral: 3-5 hours. | Insufflated 2-3 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "4-Methylphenmetrazine is an empathogen of the phenylmorpholine class. Reports indicate tolerance for the drug builds fast." } }, "mephtetramine": { "aliases": [ "mtta" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "name": "mephtetramine", "pretty_name": "Mephtetramine", "properties": { "aliases": [ "mtta" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "summary": "There is limited information on the substance while additionally having conflicting reports. Some reports indicate the drug is inactive, while others indicate the drug is active and bears effects such as talkativeness, euphoria, and mental stimulation.", "warning": "" } }, "mescaline": { "aliases": [ "buttons", "mesc", "san", "san-pedro" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "common" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "status": "Caution" }, "2c-x": { "status": "Caution" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "note": "The 5-MeO class of tryptamines can be unpredictable in their interactions", "status": "Caution" }, "alcohol": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "The focus and anxiety caused by stimulants is magnified by psychedelics and results in an increased risk of thought loops", "status": "Caution" }, "amt": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "benzodiazepines": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "caffeine": { "note": "High doses of caffeine are uncomfortable and this will be magnified by psychedelics", "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "cannabis": { "note": "Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics.", "status": "Caution" }, "cocaine": { "note": "The focus and anxiety caused by stimulants is magnified by psychedelics and results in an increased risk of thought loops", "status": "Caution" }, "dextromethorphan": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "diphenhydramine": { "note": "At 25-50mg, DPH may assist with side effects of the mescaline such as nausea and anxiety. At higher dosages, the combination of a deliriant (DPH) and mescaline is cautioned against. Mescaline is likely to increase the deliriant and negative effects of DPH, in addition to increasing the risk of severe injury and mental trauma.", "sources": [ { "author": "Dinis-Oliveira, R. J., Pereira, C. L., & Dias da Silva, D. (2019)", "title": "Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Aspects of Peyote and Mescaline: Clinical and Forensic Repercussions. Current Molecular Pharmacology, 12(3), 184–194.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.2174/1874467211666181010154139" }, { "author": "ScienceDirect Topics. (n.d.)", "title": "Mescaline - an overview.", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/mescaline" }, { "author": "Schaefer, T. S., Patel, P., & Zito, P. M. (2025)", "title": "Antiemetic Histamine H1 Receptor Blockers. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK533003/" }, { "author": "Schifano, F., Chiappini, S., Miuli, A., Mosca, A., Santovito, M. C., Corkery, J. M., Guirguis, A., Pettorruso, M., Di Giannantonio, M., & Martinotti, G. (2021)", "title": "Focus on Over-the-Counter Drugs’ Misuse: A Systematic Review on Antihistamines, Cough Medicines, and Decongestants. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 657397.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.657397" }, { "author": "Vamvakopoulou, I. A., Narine, K. A. D., Campbell, I., Dyck, J. R. B., & Nutt, D. J. (2023)", "title": "Mescaline: The forgotten psychedelic. Neuropharmacology, 222, 109294.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109294" }, { "author": "Wolfson, A. R., Wong, D., Abrams, E. M., Waserman, S., & Sussman, G. L. (2022)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: Time to Move on? The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 10(12), 3124–3130.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2022.07.018" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "dmt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "dox": { "status": "Caution" }, "ghb/gbl": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "ketamine": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "lithium": { "note": "There are a large number of reports indicating a high seizure and psychosis risk from this combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Sandeep M Nayak, Natalie Gukasyan, Frederick S Barrett , Earth Erowid , Fire Erowid , Roland R Griffiths", "title": "Classic Psychedelic Coadministration with Lithium, but Not Lamotrigine, is Associated with Seizures: An Analysis of Online Psychedelic Experience Reports", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1524-2794" }, { "author": "Erowid", "title": "Erowid Interactions", "url": "https://erowid.org/chemicals/lsd/lsd_interactions.shtml" }, { "author": "freshboi88", "title": "I Was Only on One Dose", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=93681" }, { "author": "YouWerentYouAnymore", "title": "Brought My Worst Thoughts to Life", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=110780" }, { "author": "Otto Simonsson, Peper S. Hendricks, Richard Chambers, Walter Osika, Simon B. Goldberg", "title": "Prevalence and associations of challenging, difficult or distressing experiences using classic psychedelics", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.073" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "lsd": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "maois": { "status": "Caution" }, "mdma": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mushrooms": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mxe": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "nbomes": { "status": "Caution" }, "nitrous": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "opioids": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "pcp": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "pregabalin": { "note": "Caution should be given due to mescaline’s stimulating effects and pregabalin’s seizure concerns at higher dosages. Pregabalin may reduce the vasoconstriction, anxiety, and other side effects of mescaline. Additionally, Pregabalin may increase mescaline’s inhibition and risk of injury.", "sources": [ { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "Freidel, N., Kreuder, L., Rabinovitch, B. S., Chen, F. Y., Huang, R. S. T., & Lewis, E. C. (2024)", "title": "Psychedelics, epilepsy, and seizures: a review. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1326815" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures: A historical-controlled trial. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N. A., & Livingston, J. H. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti-epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Simonsson, O., Goldberg, S. B., Chambers, R., Osika, W., Long, D. M., & Hendricks, P. S. (2022)", "title": "Prevalence and associations of classic psychedelic-related seizures in a population-based sample. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 239, 109586.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109586" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Soto-Angona, Ó., Fortea, A., Fortea, L., Martínez-Ramírez, M., Santamarina, E., López, F. J. G., Knudsen, G. M., & Ona, G. (2024)", "title": "Do classic psychedelics increase the risk of seizures? A scoping review. European Neuropsychopharmacology: The Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 85, 35–42.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2024.05.002" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "ssris": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "tramadol": { "note": "This combination can cause seizures due to the lowering of the threshold by tramadol and the potential of mescaline to cause seziures.", "status": "Unsafe" } }, "dose_note": " NOTE: Doses are for Mescaline HCl", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "200-300mg", "Heavy": "500-700mg+", "Light": "100-200mg", "Strong": "300-500mg", "Threshold": "100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-180" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Mescaline.shtml" }, "name": "mescaline", "pretty_name": "Mescaline", "properties": { "after-effects": "3-5 hours.", "aliases": [ "buttons", "mesc", "san", "san-pedro" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 100mg Light: 100-200mg Common: 200-300mg Strong: 300-500mg Heavy: 500-700mg+ | NOTE: Doses are for Mescaline HCl", "duration": "6-12 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "marquis": "Strong orange", "onset": "60-180+ minutes", "summary": "A psychedelic of the phenethylamine family. The drug is found in many cacti, such as Peyote and San Pedro, and has a long history of use. Mescaline can be found naturally and is often syntheized as a synthetic compound." }, "pweffects": { "8B Geometry - Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8B_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Feelings of interdependent opposites": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_interdependent_opposites", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Personal meaning enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_meaning_enhancement", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spirituality enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spirituality_enhancement", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Suggestibility enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Suggestibility_enhancement", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Synaesthesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Synaesthesia", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought loops": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_loops", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "CLINICAL SYNDROMES AND BIOCHEMICAL ALTERATIONS FOLLOWING MESCALINE, LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE, PSILOCYBIN AND A COMBINATION OF THE THREE PSYCHOTOM.. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14156873" ] } }, "met": { "aliases": [ "methylethyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-25mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "25-30mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-3", "Oral": "4-6", "Smoked": "0.5-1" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "10-15", "Oral": "60-90", "Smoked": "5-10" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_MET.shtml" }, "name": "met", "pretty_name": "MET", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "methylethyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 60-80mg Common: 80-120mg Strong: 120mg+ Insufflated Light: 10-15mg Common: 15-20mg Strong: 20-25mg+ Vapourized Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-25mg Strong: 25-30mg+", "duration": "Oral: 4-6 hours. | Insufflated: 2-3 hours. | Smoked: 0.5-1 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "Oral: 60-90 minutes. | Insufflated: 10-15 minutes. | Smoked: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "A rare psychedelic tryptamine related to DMT and DET. There is little known information about this drug, further research is highly recommended." } }, "metaclazepam": { "categories": [ "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "18.75mg", "Light": "9.5mg-18.75mg", "Strong": "35-50mg+" } }, "name": "metaclazepam", "pretty_name": "Metaclazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 9.5mg-18.75mg's. Common: 18.75mg's-35mg Strong: 35-50mg+", "onset": "duration 6-16 hours.", "summary": "A benzodiazepine derivative, reports indicate anxiolytic effects while lacking hypnotic effects associated with common benzodiazepines. It has an active metabolite N-desmethylmetaclazepam which is the main metabolite of metaclazepam. The drug is indicated as slightly more effective as an anxiolytic than bromazepam." } }, "metaxalone": { "aliases": [ "skelaxin" ], "categories": [ "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "800-1600mg.", "Light": "400-800mg.", "Strong": "1600-2400mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Metaxalone.shtml" }, "name": "metaxalone", "pretty_name": "Metaxalone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "skelaxin" ], "categories": [ "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 400-800mg. Common: 800-1600mg. Strong: 1600-2400mg.", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is a muscle relaxant that is used to relieve pain from strains, sprains, and other musculosketetal conditions. The exact mechanism of action is not known." } }, "methadone": { "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-48" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-35mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Methadone.shtml" }, "name": "methadone", "pretty_name": "Methadone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-48 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral 70-90% | Rectal (aqueous liquid) ~80%", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose": "Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-35mg+ NOTE: these doses are not intended for opioid naïve users. 30mg could be lethal for an opioid naïve user. Please note opioid naïve refers to recent usage, not opioid experience. It is recommended, as always, to start low and increase dosage /slowly/", "duration": "Oral 6-12 hours. NOTE: The duration may last much longer depending on a variety of factors, such as physical and mental drug dependence.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "half-life": "12-18 hours on the first dose 13-47 on concurrent", "onset": "45-120 minutes.", "summary": "An opioid drug used as an analgesic and is often used during detoxification of other opioids. There are a variety of reasons for this such as methadone's longer half-life duration." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Methadone trials have proven successful in treating Heroin addiction - http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/656315", "Pharmacogenetics of chronic pain management - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.05.065" ] } }, "methallylescaline": { "aliases": [ "mal" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-40mg", "Heavy": "40mg+", "Light": "15-25mg", "Threshold": "10-15mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Methallylescaline.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal099.shtml" }, "name": "methallylescaline", "pretty_name": "Methallylescaline", "properties": { "after-effects": "3-5 hours.", "aliases": [ "mal" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 10-15mg Low: 15-25mg Common: 25-40mg Heavy: 40mg+", "duration": "6-12 hours, the range can vary significantly depending on dosages.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-60 minutes.", "summary": "Mescaline analogue first synthesised by Alexander Shulgin, derived from and less potent than allylescaline. A psychedelic phenethylamine which causes stimulation, euphoria and hallucinatory experiences." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Bodily control enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bodily_control_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought disorganization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_disorganization", "Thought loops": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_loops", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "methamnetamine": { "aliases": [ "methylnaphetamine", "mnt", "n-methyl-pal-287" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "80-120mg", "Heavy": "150mg+", "Light": "60-80mg", "Strong": "120-150mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "methamnetamine", "pretty_name": "Methamnetamine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "methylnaphetamine", "mnt", "n-methyl-pal-287" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "empathogen", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 60-80mg Common: 80-120mg Strong: 120-150mg Heavy: 150mg+", "duration": "3-6 hours.", "onset": "10-30 minutes.", "summary": "A selective serotonin releaser, which also shows some light psychedelic activity. Almost always taken with a stimulant, to cause euphoric effects." } }, "methamphetamine": { "aliases": [ "meth", "desoxyn", "tik", "ice" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "10-30mg", "Heavy": "50mg+", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "30-50mg" }, "Intravenous": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Heavy": "40mg+", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-40mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "10-30mg", "Heavy": "40-100mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-40mg" }, "Smoked": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Heavy": "50mg+", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "30-60mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "8-10", "Intravenous": "4-8", "Oral": "10-12", "Smoked": "3-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "increased energy/alertness", "Decreased need for sleep", "Increased sociability", "mood lift", "increased libido", "Excessive talking", "Decreased appetite", "Weight loss", "Sweating", "Disturbed sleep patterns", "Bruxia", "Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness", "aggressiveness", "moodiness", "fatal kidney disorder", "possible brain damage liver damage" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Intravenous": "0-2", "Oral": "20-70", "Smoked": "0-2" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Methamphetamine.shtml" }, "name": "methamphetamine", "pretty_name": "Methamphetamine", "properties": { "after-effects": "24 hours for all routes of administration. After effects may last longer if a user redoses.", "aliases": [ "meth", "desoxyn", "tik" ], "avoid": "Rinsing mouth with mouthwash high in alcohol due to drying effects; using sugar filled chewing gum; usage within 14 days of MAOI ingestion.", "bioavailability": "Oral 55-62.7% | Insufflated 75-80% | Vapourized 67-90.3%.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-30mg Strong: 20-40mg Heavy: 40-100mg | Insufflated Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-30mg Strong: 30-50mg Heavy: 50mg+ | Smoked Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 30-60mg Heavy: 50mg+ | IV Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-40mg Heavy: 40mg+", "duration": "Oral: 10-12 hours | Insufflated: 8-10 hours | Smoked: 3-8 hours | IV: 6-10 hours *NOTE: Check ~after-effects*", "effects": "increased energy/alertness, Decreased need for sleep, Increased sociability, mood lift, increased libido, Excessive talking, Decreased appetite, Weight loss, Sweating, Disturbed sleep patterns, Bruxia, Visual and auditory hallucinations, itchiness, aggressiveness, moodiness, fatal kidney disorder, possible brain damage liver damage.", "marquis": "Deep reddish orange - Dark reddish brown", "onset": "Oral: 20-70 minutes | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes | Smoked: 0-2 minutes | IV: 0-2 minutes", "summary": "A fairly common and very strong CNS stimulant. It is sometimes prescribed in the form of desoxyn for ADHD and severe obesity. In low doses, methamphetamine can elevate mood, increase alertness, concentration, energy and reduces appetite. At higher doses, it can induce mania, psychosis and muscle degeneration among other issues. Tolerant users may report much higher doses than new users." }, "pweffects": { "Abnormal heartbeat": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Abnormal_heartbeat", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Body odor alteration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Body_odor_alteration", "Bronchodilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bronchodilation", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Ego inflation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Ego_inflation", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Frequent urination": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frequent_urination", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Increased perspiration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_perspiration", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Memory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_enhancement", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Temporary erectile dysfunction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temporary_erectile_dysfunction", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Thought organization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_organization", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Comparison of intranasal methamphetamine and d-amphetamine self-administration by humans. -https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22050030", "Methamphetamine or desoxyn should not be used within 14 days of using a MAOI drug - Mosby's Dental Drug Reference Ninth Edition 2010", "Meth/desoxyn usage for long periods of time in children or people who have not finished growing will cause temporary suppression of weight and height growth - Mosby's Dental Drug Reference 9th Ed. 2010" ] } }, "methaqualone": { "aliases": [ "ludes", "quaaludes", "qualudes", "mandrax" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: It is strongly recommended to not take greater than 300mg without a methaqualone tolerance.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "150-300mg", "Light": "75-150mg", "Strong": "300mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Methaqualone.shtml" }, "name": "methaqualone", "pretty_name": "Methaqualone", "properties": { "after-effects": "4-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "ludes", "quaaludes", "qualudes", "mandrax" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 75-150mg Common: 150-300mg Strong: 300mg+ | NOTE: It is strongly recommended to not take greater than 300mg without a methaqualone tolerance.", "duration": "5-8 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "30-45 minutes", "summary": "A pharmaceutical depressant and sedative phased out due to alternative drugs becoming readily available with greater safety profiles. Part of the Qualone group of substances. The drug is considered extremely rare in all parts of the world except in South Africa, where use and abuse remain high." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Changes in gravity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Changes_in_gravity", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Constipation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Constipation", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Double vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision", "Dream potentiation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dream_potentiation", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Subconscious communication": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Subconscious_communication", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Visual disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_disconnection" } }, "methedrone": { "aliases": [ "bk-pmma" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "name": "methedrone", "pretty_name": "Methedrone", "properties": { "aliases": [ "bk-pmma" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "summary": "BK-PMMA is a stimulant that is closely related to PMMA and other similar drugs." } }, "methoxphenidine": { "aliases": [ "2-meo-diphenidine", "methoxyphenidine", "2-mxp", "mxp" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-3" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75-120mg", "Light": "50-75mg", "Strong": "120-150mg+", "Threshold": "30-50mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Methoxphenidine.shtml" }, "name": "methoxphenidine", "pretty_name": "Methoxphenidine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-3 hours", "aliases": [ "2-meo-diphenidine", "methoxyphenidine", "2-mxp", "mxp" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Threshold: 30-50mg Light: 50-75mg Common: 75-120mg Strong: 120-150mg+", "duration": "6-8 hours", "onset": "30-60 minutes.", "summary": "A dissociative from the diarylethylamine class and a more potent analogue of diphenidine. The drug is reported to have unpredictable effects and can cause blackouts." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Auditory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_suppression", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Consciousness disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Consciousness_disconnection", "Depersonalization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depersonalization", "Derealization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Derealization", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Double vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision", "Environmental cubism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_cubism", "Environmental orbism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_orbism", "Frame rate suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frame_rate_suppression", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Pattern recognition suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_suppression", "Perception of decreased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_decreased_weight", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Perspective distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_distortions", "Physical autonomy": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_autonomy", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Tactile disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_disconnection", "Tactile suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_suppression", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Visual disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_disconnection" } }, "methoxyacetyl-fentanyl": { "aliases": [ "maf", "desfluoroocfentanil" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "opioid" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "0.5-1.5mg", "Light": "0.25-0.5mg", "Strong": "1.5mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "10-20" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "10-20" }, "name": "methoxyacetyl-fentanyl", "pretty_name": "Methoxyacetyl-Fentanyl", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "maf", "desfluoroocfentanil" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "opioid" ], "dose": "Light: 0.25-0.5mg Common: 0.5-1.5mg Strong: 1.5mg+", "duration": "Insufflated: 10-20 minutes.", "onset": "Insufflated: 10-20 minutes.", "summary": "A highly potent fentanyl analogue." } }, "methoxyketamine": { "aliases": [ "2-meo-ketamine" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "60-130mg", "Light": "15-60mg", "Strong": "130-200mg+", "Threshold": "5-15mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-20" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Methoxyketamine.shtml" }, "name": "methoxyketamine", "pretty_name": "Methoxyketamine", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-4 hours", "aliases": [ "2-meo-ketamine" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Insufflated Threshold: 5-15mg Light: 15-60mg Common: 60-130mg Strong: 130-200mg+", "duration": "1-2 hours", "onset": "10-20 minutes", "summary": "An arylcyclohexylamine drug and analogue of ketamine. The drug is slightly less potent than ketamine. It is reported to have similar dissociative and anasthetic effects to ketamine. The drug is reported to be extremely rare." } }, "methoxypiperamide": { "categories": [ "inactive", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "name": "methoxypiperamide", "pretty_name": "Methoxypiperamide", "properties": { "categories": [ "inactive", "research-chemical" ], "summary": "Drug of the Piperazine class. The 4-Methoxy-α-keto analogue of Methylbenzylpiperazine. The drug is reported to inactive on its own. The drug was sold in combination with Mephtetramine." } }, "methylmethaqualone": { "aliases": [ "mmq" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: The drug is reported to have caused a high amount of seizures, caution is strongly recommended.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Sublingual": { "Common": "5-10mg.", "Light": "3-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg+", "Threshold": "2-3mg" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "5-10mg.", "Light": "3-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg+", "Threshold": "2-3mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Sublingual": "10", "Vapourized": "0-1" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Methylmethaqualone.shtml" }, "name": "methylmethaqualone", "pretty_name": "Methylmethaqualone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-2 hours.", "aliases": [ "mmq" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Vapourized/Sublingual Threshold: 2-3mg Light: 3-5mg Common: 5-10mg. Strong: 10-20mg+ | NOTE: The drug is reported to have caused a high amount of seizures, caution is strongly recommended.", "duration": "1-2 hours", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "Sublingual: 10 minutes | Vapourized: 0-1 minutes.", "summary": "A more potent analogue of methaqualone with a short duration. The drug is suspected to be neurotoxic. The drug is reported to have proconvulsive effects." } }, "methylmorphenate": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "name": "methylmorphenate", "pretty_name": "Methylmorphenate", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "summary": "Stimulant of the phenylmorpholine class, an analogue of methylphenidate where the piperidine ring has been replaced by a morpholine one, with ~1/10 potency." } }, "methylone": { "aliases": [ "bk-mdma", "m1", "mdmc" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "150-250mg", "Heavy": "300mg+", "Light": "100-150mg", "Strong": "200-300mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Methylone.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal110.shtml" }, "name": "methylone", "pretty_name": "Methylone", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-24 hours", "aliases": [ "bk-mdma", "m1", "mdmc" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "empathogen", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 100-150mg Common: 150-250mg Strong: 200-300mg Heavy: 300+mg", "duration": "2-4 hours", "marquis": "Yellow", "onset": "15-60 minutes", "summary": "βk-MDMA (methylone) is a cathinone stimulant and empathogen. It has a structure to MDMA, and is reported to have more stimulating and less empathogenic effects in comparison. The drug was mis-sold as MDMA on the street until it was banned by many countries in 2013. The Marquis reagent can differentiate βk-MDMA from MDMA. The drug is reported to be less potent than MDMA with a slightly shorter duration." }, "pweffects": { "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Increased perspiration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_perspiration", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Mindfulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Mindfulness", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Vibrating vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vibrating_vision", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "methylphenidate": { "aliases": [ "mph", "ritalin", "concerta", "biphentin" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Heavy": "30mg+", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-30mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Heavy": "40mg+", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-40mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4", "Oral_ER": "8-12", "Oral_IR": "3-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Increased alertness", "Euphoria", "Increased motivation", "Reduced appetite", "Flushing of the face", "Increased body temperature", "Tachycardia (increased heart rate)", "Paranoia", "Insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral_ER": "30-120", "Oral_IR": "30-120" }, "name": "methylphenidate", "pretty_name": "Methylphenidate", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "mph", "ritalin", "concerta", "biphentin" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-40mg Heavy: 40mg+ | Insufflated Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-30mg Heavy: 30mg+", "duration": "Oral-IR: 3-6 hours. | Oral-XR: 8-12 hours. | Insufflated: 2-4 hours. | Note: XR formulations when crushed or otherwise changed become IR before they can be insufflated, so the duration of such is roughly the same as typical IR formulations.", "effects": "Increased alertness, Euphoria, Increased motivation, Reduced appetite, Flushing of the face, Increased body temperature, Tachycardia (increased heart rate), Paranoia, Insomnia.", "marquis": "Moderate orange yellow ", "onset": "Oral-IR: 30-120 minutes | Oral-XR: 30-120 minutes | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes", "summary": "A psychostimulant widely used worldwide as a first-line treatment for ADHD and used in the treatment of narcolepsy. Methylphenidate acts primarily as a norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI). In many European countries it is commonly prescribed as a first-line option for ADHD where amphetamine-based medications are less frequently used. It has been investigated for off-label use in stimulant dependence, but this is not standard clinical practice.", "warning": "Extended-release (XR/ER/LA/CR) formulations should not be insufflated. Crushing XR products destroys the release mechanism and introduces large amounts of insoluble fillers, significantly increasing nasal irritation and damage without extending effects. If insufflation occurs, effects are immediate-release only." }, "pweffects": { "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased perspiration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_perspiration", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Memory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_enhancement", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Thought organization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_organization", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "A chemical ionization selected ion monitoring assay for methylphenidate and ritalinic acid - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/526558", "Panlobular pulmonary emphysema caused by i.v. injection of methylphenidate (Ritalin): findings on chest radiographs and CT scans. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8109495", "Ethylphenidate formation in human subjects after the administration of a single dose of methylphenidate and ethanol. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10820132", "A comparison of methylphenidate-, amphetamine-, and methamphetamine-induced hyperthermia and neurotoxicity in male Sprague-Dawley rats during... - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22289608", "Methylphenidate and brain dopamine neurotoxicity. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9365033", "Methylphenidate treatment induces oxidative stress in young rat brain. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16494852", "A comprehensive in vitro screening of d-, l-, and dl-threo-methylphenidate: an exploratory study. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17201613", "Methylphenidate and its ethanol transesterification metabolite ethylphenidate: brain disposition, monoamine transporters and motor activity. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17218796", "Methylphenidate combined with aripiprazole in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19877980", "Isopropylphenidate: an ester homolog of methylphenidate with sustained and selective dopaminergic activity and reduced drug interaction - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24261661", "Object memory impairment at post-drug Day 15 but not at Day 1 after a regimen of repeated treatment with oral methylphenidate. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24631430", "Long Withdrawal of Methylphenidate Induces a Differential Response of the Dopaminergic System and Increases Sensitivity to Cocaine in the Prefrontal Cortex of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26509840", "A chemical ionization selected ion monitoring assay for methylphenidate and ritalinic acid. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/526558", "A comparison of methylphenidate-, amphetamine-, and methamphetamine-induced hyperthermia and neurotoxicity in male Sprague-Dawley rats during the w... - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22289608", "Methylphenidate and brain dopamine neurotoxicity. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9365033", "Methylphenidate combined with aripiprazole in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a random... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19877980", "Long Withdrawal of Methylphenidate Induces a Differential Response of the Dopaminergic System and Increases Sensitivity to Cocaine in the Prefronta... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26509840", "IV use of methylphenidate can lead to infections and abscesses due to the fillers in the medication - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hed.2890060409/full", "Pregnancy category C according to the FDA - http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2007/010187s069,018029s040,021284s011lbl.pdf", "Ritalin (methylphenidate) dosage information for adults and pediatric patients. Describes standard oral dosing, starting doses, titration schedules, and a recommended maximum total daily dose of 60 mg, administered in divided doses. - https://www.drugs.com/dosage/ritalin.html", "NHS guidance on how and when to take methylphenidate for adults. Covers standard tablet dosing, starting doses (5 mg), dose escalation, narcolepsy dosing, and maximum daily dose recommendations, with emphasis on divided dosing. - https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/methylphenidate-adults/how-and-when-to-take-methylphenidate-for-adults/", "Mayo Clinic clinical reference for oral methylphenidate. Provides dosing information for short-acting tablets in adults and children, including typical daily dose ranges, divided administration, and a recommended maximum daily dose of 60 mg. - https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/methylphenidate-oral-route/description/drg-20068297", "Riatlin works on Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) mechanism - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylphenidate" ] } }, "methyprylon": { "aliases": [ "noludar" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-16" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "200-300mg", "Light": "150-200mg", "Strong": "300mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "name": "methyprylon", "pretty_name": "Methyprylon", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-16 hours.", "aliases": [ "noludar" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 150-200mg Common: 200-300mg Strong: 300mg+", "duration": "6-12 hours.", "summary": "Sedative of the pipeidinedone family. The drug was used for treating insomnia, but is rarely used today due to alternatives with fewer side effects, such as benzodiazepines." } }, "metizolam": { "aliases": [ "metiz", "desmethyletizolam" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "10-30" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "2-4mg", "Heavy": "6mg+", "Light": "1-2mg", "Strong": "4-6mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "metizolam", "pretty_name": "Metizolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "10-30 hours", "aliases": [ "metiz", "desmethyletizolam" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 1-2mg Common: 2-4mg Strong: 4-6mg Heavy: 6mg+", "duration": "5-8 hours", "onset": "30-90 minutes", "summary": "The drug is also known as desmethyletizolam. It is a thienodiazepine with similar effects and structure to etizolam. In comparison to etizolam it is roughly half as potent with around a 60% longer half-life. The drug is a sedative hypnotic and may cause amnesia and lowered inhibitions in excess." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" } }, "mexamine": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative" ], "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "name": "mexamine", "pretty_name": "Mexamine", "properties": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative" ], "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "summary": "5-Methoxytryptamine, a tryptamine derivative that naturally occurs in the body at low levels. There are no reports of recreational use. The drug is reported anectodally to enhances dreams." } }, "mexazolam": { "aliases": [ "melex", "sedoxil" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "0.5-1.5mg", "Heavy": "2-3mg.", "Light": "0.25-0.5mg", "Strong": "1.5-2mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "5-45" }, "name": "mexazolam", "pretty_name": "Mexazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "melex", "sedoxil" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 0.25-0.5mg Common: 0.5-1.5mg Strong: 1.5-2mg Heavy: 2-3mg.", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "onset": "5-45 minutes.", "summary": "Benzodiazepine derivative that had been trialed for anxiety and was found to be effective for anxiety at one week week follow-ups, but after three weeks it had lost its associated therapeutic anxiolytic properties and was reported to be no more effective than the placebo." } }, "mexedrone": { "aliases": [ "4-mmeoc" ], "categories": [ "empathogen", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-4", "Oral": "2-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "80-120mg", "Light": "50-80mg", "Strong": "120-200mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "150-200mg", "Light": "75-150mg", "Strong": "200-300mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-3" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "3-10", "Oral": "30-60" }, "name": "mexedrone", "pretty_name": "Mexedrone", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 2-6 | Insufflated: 1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "4-mmeoc" ], "categories": [ "empathogen", "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 75-150mg Common: 150-200 Strong: 200-300mg+ | Insufflated Light: 50-80mg Common: 80-120mg Strong: 120-200mg+", "duration": "1-3 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 30-60 minutes. | Insufflated: 3-10 minutes.", "summary": "Mexedrone is a stimulant drug of the cathinone class. It alters the reuptake of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine to cause euphoria, and is reported to have similar effects to mephedrone. It is often called a designer drug.", "warning": "Caution: There is limited information on the drug, caution is highly recommended.." }, "pweffects": { "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Increased perspiration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_perspiration", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Vibrating vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vibrating_vision" } }, "midazolam": { "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "7-15mg", "Light": "3-7mg", "Strong": "15-25mg" }, "Intramuscular": { "Common": "5-12mg", "Light": "3-5mg", "Strong": "12-25mg" }, "Intravenous": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "15-30mg." }, "Rectal": { "Common": "7-15mg", "Light": "3-7mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "1-5", "Intramuscular": "10-20", "Intravenous": "0-1", "Oral": "10-40", "Rectal": "15-25" }, "name": "midazolam", "pretty_name": "Midazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral [variable - significant first-pass metabolism] | Insufflated 55% | Intramuscular 90%", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Low: 5-10mg's Common: 10-15mg's Strong: 15-30mg. | Insufflated Low: 3-7mg's Common: 7-15mg Strong: 15-25mg's. | Rectal Low: 3-7mg's Common: 7-15mg's Strong:15-25mg's | Intravenous Low: 2.5-5mg's Common: 5-10mg's Strong: 10-20mg's | Intramuscular Low: 3-5mg's Common: 5-12mg's Strong: 12-25mg's.", "dose_to_diazepam": "Midazolam - 10mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "Oral 10-40 minutes | Insufflated: 1-5 minutes | Rectal: 15-25 minutes. | IV: 0-1 minutes | IM: 10-20 minutes.", "summary": "A common hypnotic, sedative, and anxiolytic benzodiazepine. High doses may cause amnesia and loss of inhibitions. Atypical to other common benzodiazepines, it is water soluble and commonly used as a premedication for sedation as the solubility makes it better for IV use than other benzodiazepines." }, "sources": { "bioavailability": [ "https://www.openanesthesia.org/midazolam_bioavailability_versus_route/" ] } }, "mipt": { "aliases": [ "n-methyl-n-isopropyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "15-20mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "15-25mg+" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "5-15mg", "Light": "3-5mg", "Strong": "15-20mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "3-5", "Oral": "2-5", "Vapourized": "2-3" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "0-2", "Oral": "30-45", "Vapourized": "0-1" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_MIPT.shtml", "tihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal47.shtml" }, "name": "mipt", "pretty_name": "MiPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "n-methyl-n-isopropyltryptamine" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-15mg Strong: 15-25mg+ | Insufflated Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-15mg Strong: 15-20mg+ | Vapourized Light: 3-5mg Common: 5-15mg Strong: 15-20mg+", "duration": "Oral: 2-5 hours. | Insufflated 3-5 hours. | Vapourized 2-3 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "Oral: 30-45 minutes. | Insufflated: 0-2 minutes | Vapourized: 0-1 minutes", "summary": "N-Methyl-N-isopropyltryptamine, a tryptamine analogue of DMT. The drug is reportedly are with very few reports of use. The drug is described as 'more psychedelic than hallucinogenic,' users report mild visual hallucinations with some stimulant and cognitive effects. The drug is considered one of of the more stable tryptamines." } }, "mk-801": { "aliases": [ "dizocilpine", "mk801" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-72" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-100ug" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "20-36" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Intramuscular": "45", "Oral": "15-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Dizocilpine.shtml" }, "name": "mk-801", "pretty_name": "MK-801", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-72 hours.", "aliases": [ "dizocilpine", "mk801" ], "avoid": "Unnecessary movement due to risk of injury. Mixing with other depressants such as alcohol, benzodiazepines, and opiods.", "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Common: 50-100ug", "duration": "20-36 hours.", "onset": "Oral 15-30mins | IM 45mins", "summary": "Dissociative research chemical reported to be similar to PCP and Ketamine. Dizocilpine, also known as MK-801, is a non-competitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor." } }, "moclobemide": { "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "300mg", "Light": "150mg", "Strong": "600mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Moclobemide.shtml" }, "name": "moclobemide", "pretty_name": "Moclobemide", "properties": { "dose": "Light: 150mg Common: 300mg Strong: 600mg.", "duration": "2-6 hours.", "onset": "30-90 minutes.", "summary": "A reversible MAOI which is prescribed to treat depressive and anxiety disorders. Due to its reversibility and short-acting effects it is often used in \"pharmahuasca\" preparations." } }, "modafinil": { "aliases": [ "provigil" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "nootropic", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-16" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-300mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-16" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Modafinil.shtml" }, "name": "modafinil", "pretty_name": "Modafinil", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-16 hours.", "aliases": [ "provigil" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "nootropic", "common" ], "dose": "Common: 100-300mg", "duration": "12-16 hours.", "onset": "30-45 minutes", "summary": "A wakefulness promoting long-acting stimulant which is rarely used recreationally due to the lack of recreational effects. The drug is often prescribed for daytime sleeping disorders. Additionally, it is used off-label for ADHD and disorders inducing chronic fatigue." }, "pweffects": { "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Body odor alteration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Body_odor_alteration", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Diarrhea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Diarrhea", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Headaches": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Headaches", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Memory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_enhancement", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Photophobia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Photophobia", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Modafinil augmentation of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor therapy in MDD partial responders with persistent fatigue and sleepiness. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17729016", "Pharmacogenetics of modafinil after sleep loss: catechol-O-methyltransferase genotype modulates waking functions but not recovery sleep. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19037200", "Evidence for the involvement of dopamine transporters in behavioral stimulant effects of modafinil. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19197004", "Effects of modafinil on attention performance, short-term memory and executive function in university students: a randomized trial. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26135067", "The vigilance promoting drug modafinil decreases GABA release in the medial preoptic area and in the posterior hypothalamus of the awake rat: possi... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8977135", "Modafinil has been found to interact with oral anti contraceptives, causing mainly low dosage regiments of steroidal drugs to be weakened to the point of no longer working. - http://www.modafinilfacts.com/contraceptives.htm" ] } }, "morpheridine": { "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg.", "Strong": "20-35mg" } }, "name": "morpheridine", "pretty_name": "Morpheridine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-10mg. Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-35mg's.", "duration": "Oral 4-6 hours.", "onset": "Oral 15-35 minutes.", "summary": "Is a 4-Phenylpiperidine derivative that is related to pehidine. It is roughly 4x as potent as the parent compound and is reported to not cause convulsions that pethidine reportedly does.", "warning": "It is strongly recommended against mixing with other CNS depressants." } }, "morphine": { "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "common", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-20mg", "Light": "5mg-10mg", "Strong": "30mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "4-5", "Intramuscular": "2-4", "Intravenous": "2-4", "Oral_ER": "4-10", "Oral_IR": "4-6", "Rectal": "3-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "10-30", "Intramuscular": "0-1", "Intravenous": "0-1", "Oral_ER": "40-80", "Oral_IR": "10-30", "Rectal": "10-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Morphine.shtml" }, "name": "morphine", "pretty_name": "Morphine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "bioavailability": "Oral 30% | Insufflated 15-20% | Rectal 30% NOTE: Chitosan (A linear polysaccharide that helps absorb drugs better) increases the insufflated bioavailabilty to around 60%. Ratio used was 1.3 grams : 6.7 grams (Morphine:Chitosan) Use with caution.", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "common", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5mg-10mg Common: 15-20mg Strong: 30mg+", "duration": "Oral_IR: 4-6 hours | Oral_ER: 4-10 hours | Insufflated: 4-5 hours | Plugged: 3-4 hours | IV/IM: 2-4 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "Oral_IR: 10-30 minutes | Oral_ER: 40-80 minutes | Insufflated: 10-30 minutes | Plugged: 10-30 minutes | IV/IM: 0-1 minutes.", "summary": "The prototypical opioid drug, a powerful analgesic with euphoric qualities. It is found in the seeds and wax of the plant papaver somniferum (opium poppy). First isolated by Friedrich Sertürner in 1805, named for its sleep-inducing qualities. It is recommended against combining with other CNS depressants and may cause dangerous CNS depression in overdose." }, "pweffects": { "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Constipation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Constipation", "Cough suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cough_suppression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Itchiness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Itchiness", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil constriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_constriction", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Codeine analgesia is due to codeine-6-glucuronide, not morphine. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11092114", "Dextromethorphan potentiates the antinociceptive effects of morphine and the delta-opioid agonist SNC80 in squirrel monkeys. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11805202", "Magnesium increases morphine analgesic effect in different experimental models of pain. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11873038", "Identification of CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 as the major cytochrome P450 s responsible for morphine N-demethylation in human liver microsomes. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12936704", "4-Caffeoyl-1,5-quinide in roasted coffee inhibits [3H]naloxone binding and reverses anti-nociceptive effects of morphine in mice. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15088081", "Evaluation the effects of dextromethorphan and midazolam on morphine induced tolerance and dependence in mice. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18819620", "Enhancement by grapefruit juice of morphine antinociception. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19043223", "Low-Dose Cannabinoid Type 2 Receptor Agonist Attenuates Tolerance to Repeated Morphine Administration via Regulating μ-Opioid Receptor Expression i... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26720619", "Influence of a high-fat meal on the absorption of morphine from oral solutions. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2791448", "Discriminative stimulus effects of reversible and irreversible opiate agonists: morphine, oxymorphazone and buprenorphine. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6206224", "Endogenous codeine and morphine in poor and extensive metabolisers of the CYP2D6 (debrisoquine/sparteine) polymorphism. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8113966", "The effect of food intake on the pharmacokinetics of sustained-release morphine sulfate capsules. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9152568" ] } }, "mpa": { "aliases": [ "methiopropamine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-40mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "40-60mg+", "Threshold": "5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "3-4", "Oral": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "15-30", "Oral": "30-60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Methiopropamine.shtml" }, "name": "mpa", "pretty_name": "MPA", "properties": { "after-effects": "3-5 hours", "aliases": [ "methiopropamine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 10mg Light: 20-40mg Common: 40-60mg Strong: 60-80mg+ Insufflated Threshold: 5mg Light: 5-15mg Common: 20-40mg Strong: 40-60mg+", "duration": "Oral: 4-6 hours | Insufflated 3-4 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 30-60 minutes. | Insufflated: 15-30 minutes.", "summary": "An analogue of methamphetamine with effects close to amphetamine. Some users report negative side effects including stomach discomfort and sweating. The drug acts as a selective NDRI." }, "pweffects": { "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Increased perspiration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_perspiration", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Teeth grinding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Teeth_grinding", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Thought organization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_organization", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "mt-45": { "aliases": [ "ic-6", "mt45" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-3" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "45-60mg", "Light": "30-45mg", "Strong": "60mg+", "Threshold": "30mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_MT45.shtml" }, "name": "mt-45", "pretty_name": "MT-45", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-3 hours.", "aliases": [ "ic-6", "mt45" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 30mg Light: 30-45mg's Common: 45-60mg Strong: 60mg+", "duration": "4-6 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "30-45 minutes", "summary": "A synthetic opioid drug with the racemic potency being 80% potency of morphine orally. The drug was created by Dainippon Pharmaceutical in the 1970s. It has been used as a lead compound for the design of related substances. It has been associated with hearing and hair loss among other negative side effects. Structurally unrelated to most other opioid drugs. Caution is recommended especially with long-term use." } }, "mushrooms": { "aliases": [ "psilocybin", "shrooms", "mushroom", "psylocybin" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "common" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "2c-x": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "alcohol": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "status": "Caution" }, "amt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "benzodiazepines": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "caffeine": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "cannabis": { "note": "Cannabis has an unexpectedly strong and somewhat unpredictable synergy with psychedelics.", "status": "Caution" }, "cocaine": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "status": "Caution" }, "dextromethorphan": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "diphenhydramine": { "note": "At 25-50mg, DPH may assist with side effects of the psilocybin such as nausea and anxiety. At higher dosages, the combination of a deliriant (DPH) and psilocybin is cautioned against. Psilocybin is likely to increase the deliriant and negative effects of DPH, in addition to increasing the risk of severe injury and mental trauma.", "sources": [ { "author": "Goel, D. B., & Zilate, S. (2022)", "title": "Potential Therapeutic Effects of Psilocybin: A Systematic Review. Cureus, 14(10), e30214.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.30214" }, { "author": "Passie, T., Seifert, J., Schneider, U., & Emrich, H. M. (2002)", "title": "The pharmacology of psilocybin. Addiction Biology, 7(4), 357–364.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/1355621021000005937" }, { "author": "Schaefer, T. S., Patel, P., & Zito, P. M. (2025)", "title": "Antiemetic Histamine H1 Receptor Blockers. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK533003/" }, { "author": "Schifano, F., Chiappini, S., Miuli, A., Mosca, A., Santovito, M. C., Corkery, J. M., Guirguis, A., Pettorruso, M., Di Giannantonio, M., & Martinotti, G. (2021)", "title": "Focus on Over-the-Counter Drugs’ Misuse: A Systematic Review on Antihistamines, Cough Medicines, and Decongestants. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.657397" }, { "author": "Wolfson, A. R., Wong, D., Abrams, E. M., Waserman, S., & Sussman, G. L. (2022)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: Time to Move on? The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 10(12), 3124–3130.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2022.07.018" }, { "author": "Yerubandi, A., Thomas, J. E., Bhuiya, N. M. M. A., Harrington, C., Villa Zapata, L., & Caballero, J. (2024)", "title": "Acute Adverse Effects of Therapeutic Doses of Psilocybin. JAMA Network Open, 7(4), e245960.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.5960" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "dmt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "dox": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "ghb/gbl": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "ketamine": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "lithium": { "note": "There are a large number of reports indicating a high seizure and psychosis risk from this combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Sandeep M Nayak, Natalie Gukasyan, Frederick S Barrett , Earth Erowid , Fire Erowid , Roland R Griffiths", "title": "Classic Psychedelic Coadministration with Lithium, but Not Lamotrigine, is Associated with Seizures: An Analysis of Online Psychedelic Experience Reports", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1524-2794" }, { "author": "Erowid", "title": "Erowid Interactions", "url": "https://erowid.org/chemicals/lsd/lsd_interactions.shtml" }, { "author": "freshboi88", "title": "I Was Only on One Dose", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=93681" }, { "author": "YouWerentYouAnymore", "title": "Brought My Worst Thoughts to Life", "url": "https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=110780" }, { "author": "Otto Simonsson, Peper S. Hendricks, Richard Chambers, Walter Osika, Simon B. Goldberg", "title": "Prevalence and associations of challenging, difficult or distressing experiences using classic psychedelics", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.073" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "lsd": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "maois": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mdma": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mephedrone": { "note": "Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences", "sources": [ { "author": "Goel, D. B., & Zilate, S. (2022)", "title": "Potential Therapeutic Effects of Psilocybin: A Systematic Review. Cureus, 14(10), e30214.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.30214" }, { "author": "Kehr, J., Ichinose, F., Yoshitake, S., Goiny, M., Sievertsson, T., Nyberg, F., & Yoshitake, T. (2011)", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats: Mephedrone increases both DA and 5-HT in rat brain. British Journal of Pharmacology, 164(8), 1949–1958.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Papaseit, E., Moltó, J., Muga, R., Torrens, M., De La Torre, R., & Farré, M. (2016)", "title": "Clinical Pharmacology of the Synthetic Cathinone Mephedrone. In Neuropharmacology of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) (Vol. 32, pp. 313–331).", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2016_61" }, { "author": "Passie, T., Seifert, J., Schneider, U., & Emrich, H. M. (2002)", "title": "The pharmacology of psilocybin. Addiction Biology, 7(4), 357–364.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/1355621021000005937" }, { "author": "Wood, D. M., Davies, S., Greene, S. L., Button, J., Holt, D. W., Ramsey, J., & Dargan, P. I. (2010)", "title": "Case series of individuals with analytically confirmed acute mephedrone toxicity. Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 48(9), 924–927.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2010.531021" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mescaline": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mxe": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "nbomes": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "nitrous": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "opioids": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "pcp": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "pregabalin": { "note": "Pregabalin may reduce the anxiety and other possible side effects of Psilocybin Mushrooms. Additionally, the combination may increase inhibition, dizziness, and risk of injury.", "sources": [ { "author": "Cross, A. L., Viswanath, O., & Sherman, A. L. (2025)", "title": "Pregabalin. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470341/" }, { "author": "ScienceDirect Topics. (n.d.)", "title": "Psilocybin - an overview", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/psilocybin" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "ssris": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "tramadol": { "note": "Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and psychedelics also cause occasional seizures.", "status": "Unsafe" } }, "dose_note": " NOTE: Dosage ranges will vary between fungus strains. The doses given are for *dried* psilocybe cubensis mushrooms. The mushrooms are substantially more potent per-weight when dry.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1.5-3.5g", "Light": "0.5-1.5g", "Strong": "3.5g+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "visual distortion", "color enhancement", "sense of connectedness with nature", "sense of well-being", "sense of wonder" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Psilocybin.shtml" }, "name": "mushrooms", "pretty_name": "Mushrooms", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "psilocybin", "shrooms", "mushroom", "magic mushrooms", "psylocybin" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 0.5-1.5g Common: 1.5-3.5g Strong: 3.5g+ | NOTE: Dosage ranges will vary between fungus strains. The doses given are for *dried* psilocybe cubensis mushrooms. The mushrooms are substantially more potent per-weight when dry.", "duration": "4-6 hours", "effects": "visual distortion, color enhancement, sense of connectedness with nature, sense of well-being, sense of wonder", "half-life": "1-4 hours", "onset": "Varies depending on dosage, common doses (see ~drug mushrooms dose) are often felt within two hours. However, reports indicate it may often take up to three hours.", "summary": "Fungi containing psilocybin, a prototypical psychedelic. It should be noted there are multiple kinds of psychoactive mushrooms and proper identification is essential for safety. The dosages listed are in respects to psilocybe cubensis, one of the most common and popular psilocybin mushroom species." }, "pweffects": { "8B Geometry - Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/8B_Geometry_-_Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Changes in gravity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Changes_in_gravity", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Colour shifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_shifting", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Creativity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Creativity_enhancement", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_enhancement", "Enhancement and suppression cycles": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Enhancement_and_suppression_cycles", "Excessive yawning": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Excessive_yawning", "Exposure to inner mechanics of consciousness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Exposure_to_inner_mechanics_of_consciousness", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Feelings of interdependent opposites": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_interdependent_opposites", "Feelings of predeterminism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_predeterminism", "Feelings of self-design": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_self-design", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Mindfulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Mindfulness", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Novelty enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Novelty_enhancement", "Pattern recognition enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_enhancement", "Personal bias suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Personal_bias_suppression", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Runny nose": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Runny_nose", "Salivation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Salivation", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spirituality enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spirituality_enhancement", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Subconscious communication": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Subconscious_communication", "Symmetrical texture repetition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Symmetrical_texture_repetition", "Synaesthesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Synaesthesia", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Tracers": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tracers", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "A study done on psilocybin leads psychiatrists to believe there are implications that it may help to treat ptsd - http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/200/3/238.short" ] } }, "mxe": { "aliases": [ "methoxetamine", "3-meo-2'oxo-pce" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "status": "Caution" }, "2c-x": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "note": "Little information exists about this combination.", "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "alcohol": { "note": "There is a high risk of memory loss, vomiting and severe ataxia from this combination.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "Risk of tachycardia, hypertension, and manic states", "status": "Caution" }, "amt": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "benzodiazepines": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. Place the affected individual in the recovery position to prevent vomit aspiration from excess.", "status": "Caution" }, "caffeine": { "note": "No likely interactions", "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "cannabis": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "cocaine": { "note": "Stimulants taken with MXE can lead to hypermanic states much more easily, especially if sleep is avoided.", "status": "Caution" }, "dextromethorphan": { "note": "There is a risk of serotonin syndrome when combining DXM with MXE, due to DXM and MXE both being SRI’s. MXE and DXM having notable affinities for the serotonin transporter.", "sources": [ { "author": "Bryan L. Roth, Simon Gibbons, Warunya Arunotayanun, Xi-Ping Huang, Vincent Setola, Ric Treble, Les Iversen", "title": "The Ketamine Analogue Methoxetamine and 3- and 4-Methoxy Analogues of Phencyclidine Are High Affinity and Selective Ligands for the Glutamate NMDA Receptor", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059334" }, { "author": "Matteo Marti, Giuseppe Talani, Cristina Miliano, Sabrine Bilel, Francesca Biggio, Jessica Bratzu, Marco Diana, Maria Antonietta De Luca, Liana Fattore", "title": "New insights into methoxetamine mechanisms of action: Focus on serotonergic 5-HT2 receptors in pharmacological and behavioral effects in the rat ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113836" }, { "author": "Laura Hondebrink, Emma E.J. Kasteel, Anke M. Tukker, Fiona M.J. Wijnolts, Anouk H.A. Verboven, Remco H.S. Westerink", "title": "Neuropharmacological characterization of the new psychoactive substance methoxetamine", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.04.035" }, { "author": "Linda L. Werling, Ashleigh Keller, Julie G. Frank, Samer J. Nuwayhid", "title": "A comparison of the binding profiles of dextromethorphan, memantine, fluoxetine and amitriptyline: Treatment of involuntary emotional expression disorder", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.06.013" }, { "author": "Linda Nguyen, Kelan L. Thomas, Brandon P. Lucke-Wold, John Z. Cavendish, Molly S. Crowe, Rae R. Matsumoto", "title": "Dextromethorphan: An update on its utility for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.01.016" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "diphenhydramine": { "note": "There is a high risk of serotonin syndrome from this combination. Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. MXE has a high likelihood of increasing DPH's deliriant effects at higher dosages and can greatly increase the risk of injury, mania, and psychosis. Medical dosages are unlikely to be of concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Clark, J. H., Meltzer, E. O., & Naclerio, R. M. (2025)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye. World Allergy Organization Journal, 18(2), 101027.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027" }, { "author": "Ener, R. A., Meglathery, S. B., Decker, W. A. V., & Gallagher, R. M. (2003)", "title": "Serotonin Syndrome and Other Serotonergic Disorders: Table 1. Pain Medicine, 4(1), 63–74.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4637.2003.03005.x" }, { "author": "Marti, M., Talani, G., Miliano, C., Bilel, S., Biggio, F., Bratzu, J., Diana, M., De Luca, M. A., & Fattore, L. (2021)", "title": "New insights into methoxetamine mechanisms of action: Focus on serotonergic 5-HT2 receptors in pharmacological and behavioral effects in the rat. Experimental Neurology, 345, 113836.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113836" }, { "author": "Roth, B. L., Gibbons, S., Arunotayanun, W., Huang, X.-P., Setola, V., Treble, R., & Iversen, L. (2013)", "title": "The Ketamine Analogue Methoxetamine and 3- and 4-Methoxy Analogues of Phencyclidine Are High Affinity and Selective Ligands for the Glutamate NMDA Receptor. PLoS ONE, 8(3), e59334.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059334" }, { "author": "Varghese, E., Abate, M. A., Hu, L., Kaplan, J., Kraner, J., Long, D. L., Sorg, M., Mock, A., Greenwald, M., & Andrew, T. (2015)", "title": "Characterization of Diphenhydramine-Related Accidental Overdose Deaths. Academic Forensic Pathology, 5(1), 105–115.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.23907/2015.011" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "dmt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "dox": { "note": "As an NMDA antagonist MXE potentiates DOx which can be unpleasantly intense", "status": "Caution" }, "ghb/gbl": { "note": "Both substances cause ataxia and bring a risk of vomiting and unconsciousness. If the individual falls unconscious while under the influence there is a severe risk of vomit aspiration if they are not placed in the recovery position.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "ketamine": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "lithium": { "note": "There is a risk of serotonin syndrome when combining Lithium with MXE, as Lithium can induce serotonin syndrome in conjunction with other serotonergic drugs, and MXE has shown a notable affinity for the serotonin transporter.", "sources": [ { "author": "Lenox, R. H., & Hahn, C. G.", "title": "Overview of the mechanism of action of lithium in the brain: fifty-year update (2000)", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10826655/" }, { "author": "Shahani, L.", "title": "Venlafaxine Augmentation With Lithium Leading to Serotonin Syndrome (2012)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.11080196" }, { "author": "DeBattista, C., Sofuoglu, M., & Schatzberg, A. F.", "title": "Serotonergic synergism: the risks and benefits of combining the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors with other serotonergic drugs (1998)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00161-9" }, { "author": "Massot, O.", "title": "5-HT1B Receptors: A Novel Target for Lithium: Possible Involvement in Mood Disorders (1999)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00042-1" }, { "author": "Roth, B. L., Gibbons, S., Arunotayanun, W., Huang, X.-P., Setola, V., Treble, R., & Iversen, L.", "title": "The Ketamine Analogue Methoxetamine and 3- and 4-Methoxy Analogues of Phencyclidine Are High Affinity and Selective Ligands for the Glutamate NMDA Receptor (2013)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059334" }, { "author": "Marti, M., Talani, G., Miliano, C., Bilel, S., Biggio, F., Bratzu, J., Diana, M., De Luca, M. A., & Fattore, L.", "title": "New insights into methoxetamine mechanisms of action: Focus on serotonergic 5-HT2 receptors in pharmacological and behavioral effects in the rat (2021)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113836" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "lsd": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "maois": { "note": "MAO-B inhibitors appear to increase the potency of MXE. MAO-A inhbitors have some negative reports associated with the combination but there isn't much information available", "status": "Unsafe" }, "mdma": { "note": "There have been reports of risky serotonergic interactions when the two are taken at the same time, but MXE taken to the end of an MDMA experience does not appear to cause the same issues.", "status": "Caution" }, "mescaline": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mushrooms": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "nbomes": { "note": "As an NMDA antagonist MXE potentiates NBOMes which can be unpleasantly intense", "status": "Caution" }, "nitrous": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "opioids": { "note": "This combination can potentiate the effects of the opioid", "status": "Dangerous" }, "pcp": { "note": "There are no reports available about this combination", "status": "Caution" }, "pregabalin": { "note": "Pregabalin and MXE may synergize and increase each other’s negative side effects such as nausea, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. Caution is advised for anything above low dosages due to seizure concerns, and all dosages for individuals with higher risk seizure profiles and or behavior.", "sources": [ { "author": "Anwar, S., Cooper, J., Rahman, J., Sharma, C., & Langford, R. (2019)", "title": "Prolonged Perioperative Use of Pregabalin and Ketamine to Prevent Persistent Pain after Cardiac Surgery. Anesthesiology, 131(1), 119–131.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000002751" }, { "author": "Arendt-Nielsen, L., Mansikka, H., Staahl, C., Rees, H., Tan, K., Smart, T. S., Monhemius, R., Suzuki, R., & Drewes, A. M. (2011)", "title": "A Translational Study of the Effects of Ketamine and Pregabalin on Temporal Summation of Experimental Pain: Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 36(6), 585–591.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/AAP.0b013e31822b0db0" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben‐Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin Pharmacology and Its Relevance to Clinical Practice. Epilepsia, 45(s6), 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures: A historical-controlled trial. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N., & Livingston, J. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti‐epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–552.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Marti, M., Talani, G., Miliano, C., Bilel, S., Biggio, F., Bratzu, J., Diana, M., De Luca, M. A., & Fattore, L. (2021)", "title": "New insights into methoxetamine mechanisms of action: Focus on serotonergic 5-HT2 receptors in pharmacological and behavioral effects in the rat. Experimental Neurology, 345, 113836.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113836" }, { "author": "Martinez, V., Cymerman, A., Ben Ammar, S., Fiaud, J. F., Rapon, C., Poindessous, F., Judet, T., Chauvin, M., Bouhassira, D., Sessler, D., Mazoit, X., & Fletcher, D. (2014)", "title": "The analgesic efficiency of combined pregabalin and ketamine for total hip arthroplasty: a randomised, double‐blind, controlled study. Anaesthesia, 69(1), 46–52.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.12495" }, { "author": "Roth, B. L., Gibbons, S., Arunotayanun, W., Huang, X.-P., Setola, V., Treble, R., & Iversen, L. (2013)", "title": "The Ketamine Analogue Methoxetamine and 3- and 4-Methoxy Analogues of Phencyclidine Are High Affinity and Selective Ligands for the Glutamate NMDA Receptor. PLoS ONE, 8(3), e59334.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059334" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Zhou, Y., Sun, W., Fu, Y., Wang, J., Fan, J., Liang, Y., Jia, W., & Han, R. (2024)", "title": "Effect of esketamine combined with pregabalin on acute postsurgical pain in patients who underwent resection of spinal neoplasms: a randomized controlled trial. Pain, 165(9), e96–e105.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003211" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "ssris": { "note": "Depending on the SSRI this combination can be unpredictable", "status": "Caution" }, "tramadol": { "status": "Dangerous" } }, "dose_note": " NOTE: Bodyweight plays a slight factor in MXE dosing, these are values for a 175lb (80kg) male", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-48" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "20-35mg", "Heavy": "60mg+", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "35-60mg", "Threshold": "5-10mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "25-35mg", "Light": "15-25mg", "Strong": "40-65mg", "Threshold": "10-15mg" }, "Sublingual": { "Common": "40-60mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "60-75mg", "Threshold": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-20", "Oral": "30-60", "Sublingual": "15-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Methoxetamine_.shtml" }, "name": "mxe", "pretty_name": "MXE", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-48 hours", "aliases": [ "methoxetamine", "3-meo-2'oxo-pce" ], "avoid": "CNS depressants such as alcohol, benzodiazepines, and opioids. Additionally substances that have an effect on serotonin such as MDMA, methamphetamine, and dextromethorphan (DXM).", "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Insufflated Threshold: 5-10mg Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-35mg Strong: 35-60mg Heavy: 60mg+ M-Hole: 70mg+ | Oral Threshold: 10-15mg Light: 15-25mg Common: 25-35 Strong: 40-65mg M-Hole: 75mg+ | Sublingual Threshold: 5-10mg Low: 10-20mg Common: 40-60mg Strong: 60-75mg M-Hole: 75-100mg | NOTE: Bodyweight plays a slight factor in MXE dosing, these are values for a 175lb (80kg) male", "duration": "3-6 hours", "legal": "Methoxetamine is scheduled and or controlled in Brazil, Canada, China, EU, Finland, Israel, Japan, Poland, Russia, United Kingdom, United Nations, and the United States (among others).", "onset": "Insufflated: 5-20 minutes | Oral: 30-60 minutes | Sublingual: 15-45 minutes", "summary": "A dissociative drug which is an analogue of ketamine. It is reported to be less sedating and more potent by weight. Anectodal reports indicate it has a subjectively more 'complicated' set of effects." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Auditory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_suppression", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Consciousness disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Consciousness_disconnection", "Creativity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Creativity_enhancement", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Depersonalization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depersonalization", "Derealization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Derealization", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Double vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision", "Environmental cubism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_cubism", "Environmental orbism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_orbism", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Frame rate suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frame_rate_suppression", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Mania": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Mania", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Pattern recognition suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_suppression", "Perception of decreased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_decreased_weight", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Perspective distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_distortions", "Physical autonomy": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_autonomy", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Tactile disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_disconnection", "Tactile suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_suppression", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Visual disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_disconnection", "Visual sliding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_sliding" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Methoxetamine associated reversible cerebellar toxicity: three cases with analytical confirmation. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22578175", "Methoxetamine: from drug of abuse to rapid-acting antidepressant. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22819129", "From Special K to Special M: the evolution of the recreational use of ketamine and methoxetamine. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23421859", "Ketamine-derived designer drug methoxetamine: metabolism including isoenzyme kinetics and toxicological detectability using GC-MS and LC-(HR-)MSn - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23774830", "Three months of methoxetamine administration is associated with significant bladder and renal toxicity in mice. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24580056", "Analytical findings of an acute intoxication after inhalation of methoxetamine. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24904014", "Acute methoxetamine and amphetamine poisoning with fatal outcome: a case report - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25060403", "From \"Special K\" to \"Special M\": the evolution of the recreational use of ketamine and methoxetamine. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23421859", "Ketamine-derived designer drug methoxetamine: metabolism including isoenzyme kinetics and toxicological detectability using GC-MS and LC-(HR-)MSn. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23774830", "Acute methoxetamine and amphetamine poisoning with fatal outcome: a case report. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25060403~adddrugsource cannabis general Cannabis use in relation to obesity and insulin resistance in the Inuit population. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25557382", "3 case reports of toxicity due to recreational use of MXE - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00228-011-1199-9" ], "legality": [ "http://www.azleg.gov/DocumentsForBill.asp?Session_ID=112&Bill_Number=HB2453", "http://www.leg.state.fl.us/Statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0800-0899/0893/0893.html", "http://www.in.gov/legislative/ic/2010/title35/ar31.5/ch2.html", "http://www.legis.la.gov/legis/ViewDocument.aspx?d=850979&n=HB10%20Act", "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/?id=152.02", "http://www.legis.nd.gov/cencode/t19c03-1.pdf?20140721032549", "http://www.legislature.state.oh.us/BillText130/130_HB_315_RH_N.html", "http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/239/contents/made" ] } }, "mxm": { "aliases": [ "methoxmetamine" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: These dosages are extremely tentative.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "40-60mg", "Light": "20-40mg", "Strong": "60-100mg+", "Threshold": "10-20mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "name": "mxm", "pretty_name": "MXM", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "methoxmetamine" ], "avoid": "CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Threshold: 10-20mg Light: 20-40mg Common: 40-60mg Strong: 60-100mg+", "duration": "3-5 hours depending on dose/ROA", "onset": "Varying widely from anectodal reports of 30 minutes up to four hours.", "summary": "A arylcyclohexylamine dissociative anaesthetic closely related to methoxetamine, ketamine, and PCP. It has seen some popularity among drug users, often being advertised as an MXE replacement after its illegalisation in many parts of the world. Anectodal reports indicate a more stimulating experience closer to those associated with PCP and PCP analogues." } }, "naphyrone": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-35mg", "Strong": "35-50mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "name": "naphyrone", "pretty_name": "Naphyrone", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral: Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-35mg Strong: 35-50mg+", "duration": "6-12 hours (highly dependant on dose)", "onset": "Within 30 minutes.", "summary": "A drug derived from pyrovalerone which acts as a TRI, producing stimulating effects. The drug has been sold in a blend called \"NRG-1\". There is limited information on the drug's safety profile." } }, "naproxen": { "categories": [ "common" ], "dose_note": " Note: The maximum recommended daily dose is 1500mg.", "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "250-500mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Naproxen.shtml" }, "name": "naproxen", "pretty_name": "Naproxen", "properties": { "avoid": "Alcohol", "categories": [ "common" ], "dose": "Common: 250-500mg | Note: The maximum recommended daily dose is 1500mg.", "duration": "4-6 hours. ER forumulations up to 12 hours.", "onset": "1 hour.", "summary": "A very common pain and fever reducer. It is also known as Aleve. Naproxen is in the same drug category as ibuprofen, which is also a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory. This drug is available in most places over the counter. Is sometimes used to reduce the body-load of certain drugs." } }, "neb": { "aliases": [ "n-ethylbuphedrone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Light": "10-15mg", "Strong": "30-45mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "50-80mg", "Light": "30-50mg", "Strong": "80-100mg+", "Threshold": "30mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "90-120", "Oral": "90-180" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral": "20-30" }, "name": "neb", "pretty_name": "NEB", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "n-ethylbuphedrone" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 30mg Light: 30-50mg Common: 50-80mg Strong: 80-100mg+ | Insufflated Light: 10-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-45mg", "duration": "Oral: 90-180 minutes. | Insufflated: 90-120 minutes.", "onset": "Oral: 20-30 minutes | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "N-Ethylbuphedrone, an uncommon substituted cathinone. The drug was first being reported around 2011 but did not rise reportedly to great popularity. The drug's effects are suggested by anectodal reports to partially resemble other cathinones. The drug is a short-acting stimulant with more dopamine action than serotonin." } }, "nefiracetam": { "aliases": [ "nerfiracetam" ], "categories": [ "nootropic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: The drug is typically divided into three doses. Roughly 0.5mg-1.6mg/kg.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "150-450mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "name": "nefiracetam", "pretty_name": "Nefiracetam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "nerfiracetam" ], "categories": [ "nootropic", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Common: 150-450mg. | NOTE: The drug is typically divided into three doses. Roughly 0.5mg-1.6mg/kg.", "duration": "6-12 hours.", "onset": "30-60 minutes.", "summary": "Nootropic compound of the racetam family. The drug is reported to enhance both GABAergic and cholinergic signaling. Long-term use is suggested to be neuroprotective. The drug is fat soluble." } }, "nicomorphine": { "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Intravenous": "2-4", "Oral": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Intravenous": "1-2", "Oral": "15-30" }, "name": "nicomorphine", "pretty_name": "Nicomorphine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg+", "duration": "Oral: 4-6 hours | Intravenously: 2-4 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes | Intravenously: 1-2 minutes.", "summary": "Opioid agonist that is 2-3x the potency of morphine. The drug is used in a few countries medically. The drug has a rapid onset of effects due to its increased lipid solubility." } }, "nicotine": { "categories": [ "habit-forming", "nootropic", "common" ], "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Nicotine.shtml" }, "name": "nicotine", "pretty_name": "Nicotine", "properties": { "categories": [ "habit-forming", "nootropic", "common" ], "summary": "A chemical found in tobacco, aubergines and tomatoes. It is considered one of the most addictive drugs in existence. It is a mild stimulant, with nootropic and stress relieving effects. Nicotine is used in a variety of forms and is a large-part of what makes cigarettes and other tobacco products so addictive. Nicotine is suggested to be safer when ingested in isolation, such as nicotine vapes (in addition to the lack of combution and associated harm via cigarette smoking)." }, "pweffects": { "Abnormal heartbeat": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Abnormal_heartbeat", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Appetite suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Increased libido": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_libido", "Memory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_enhancement", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Vasoconstriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Nicotine treatment of mild cognitive impairment: a 6-month double-blind pilot clinical trial. -https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22232050", "Nicotine treatment of mild cognitive impairment: a 6-month double-blind pilot clinical trial. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22232050", "Site of nicotine absorption from a vapour inhaler--comparison with cigarette smoking - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10663452", "Brand differences of free-base nicotine delivery in cigarette smoke: the view of the tobacco industry documents - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16728749", "Exposure to nicotine produces an increase in dopamine D2(High) receptors: a possible mechanism for dopamine hypersensitivity. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20942582", "Tobacco leaf, smoke and smoking, MAO inhibitors, Parkinson's disease and neuroprotection are there links? - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14697903", "Brand differences of free-base nicotine delivery in cigarette smoke: the view of the tobacco industry documents. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16728749", "Do electronic cigarettes impart a lower potential disease burden than conventional tobacco cigarettes? Review on E-cigarette vapor versus tobacco s... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25302452", "The impact of caffeine use on tobacco cessation and withdrawal. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9022872" ] } }, "nifoxipam": { "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Higher doses will increase the likelihood of blacking out", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "500ug-1000ug", "Heavy": "1000ug-2000ug+", "Light": "250ug-500ug." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "10-18" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-75" }, "name": "nifoxipam", "pretty_name": "Nifoxipam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 250ug-500ug. Common: 500ug-1000ug Heavy: 1000ug-2000ug+ | NOTE: Higher doses will increase the likelihood of blacking out", "duration": "10-18 hours. ", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "10-75 minutes.", "summary": "An uncommon relatively new research chemical benzodiazepine. The drug is a metabolite of the hypnotic benzodiazepine flunitrazepam. There is little known about it's pharmacological propertie. The drug is suggested to be a strong sedative hypnotic." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" } }, "nimetazepam": { "aliases": [ "erimin" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "nimetazepam", "pretty_name": "Nimetazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "12-24 hours", "aliases": [ "erimin" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg+", "duration": "5-8 hours", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "A pharmaceutical benzodiazepine with hypnotic sedative effects. The drug is reported to have high amounts of use and abuse in Malaysia." } }, "nitemazepam": { "aliases": [ "3-hydroxynimetazepam" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1.5-3mg", "Light": "1-1.5mg", "Strong": "3-5mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "nitemazepam", "pretty_name": "Nitemazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "3-hydroxynimetazepam" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 1-1.5mg Common: 1.5-3mg Strong: 3-5mg+", "duration": "6-12 hours.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "A new research chemical benzodiazepine based off the chemical structure of nimetazepam. There is very limited information on the drug. The drug is suggested by anectodal reports to be similar to temazepam." } }, "nitracaine": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "30-40mg", "Light": "20-30mg", "Strong": "50mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "100-150mg", "Light": "100mg", "Strong": "150-175mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4", "Oral": "3-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral": "10-30" }, "name": "nitracaine", "pretty_name": "Nitracaine", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Low: 100mg Common: 100-150mg Strong: 150-175mg+ | Insufflated Light: 20-30mg Common: 30-40mg Strong: 50mg+", "duration": "Insufflated: 2-4 hours | Oral: 3-5 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 10-30 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes", "summary": "An analogue of dimethocaine with local anaesthetic and stimulant properties. The drug is often marketed in the research chemical scene as a cocaine replacement. There is little reported use of the drug." } }, "nitrazepam": { "aliases": [ "mogadon", "baronite", "dormin", "dreem", "enzed", "gentravit", "hypnonex", "hypnoril", "hypnotex", "konit", "nicare", "nigap", "nipam", "nirosun", "nitavan", "nithra" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-15mg", "Heavy": "20-30mg+", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "15-20mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-40" }, "name": "nitrazepam", "pretty_name": "Nitrazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-12 hours", "aliases": [ "mogadon", "baronite", "dormin", "dreem", "enzed", "gentravit", "hypnonex", "hypnoril", "hypnotex", "konit", "nicare", "nigap", "nipam", "nirosun", "nitavan", "nithra" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-15mg Strong: 15-20mg Heavy: 20-30mg+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Nitrazepam - 10mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "5-8 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "10-40 minutes", "summary": "Hypnotic benzodiazepine that is used for short-term relief of anxiety and insomnia. The drug is reported to cause CNS depression." } }, "nitrazolam": { "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg", "Light": "0.5-1mg", "Strong": "2-3mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "nitrazolam", "pretty_name": "Nitrazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-24 hours (Very dose dependant)", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 0.5-1mg Common: 1-2mg Strong: 2-3mg+", "duration": "5-10 hours.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "Hypnotic benzodiazepine that is the triazolo analogue of Nitrazepam and about 4x more potent compared to the parent compound. It is also dechlorinated derivative of clonazolam with roughly 1/10 potency." } }, "nitrous": { "aliases": [ "laughing_gas", "n20", "n2o", "nos", "nitrous oxide", "hippy crack" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "habit-forming", "common" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "2c-x": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "alcohol": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. Memory blackouts are likely.", "status": "Caution" }, "amphetamines": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "amt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "benzodiazepines": { "status": "Low Risk & Decrease" }, "caffeine": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "cannabis": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "cocaine": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "dextromethorphan": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "dmt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "dox": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "ghb/gbl": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. Memory blackouts are likely.", "status": "Caution" }, "ketamine": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "lithium": { "note": "We are unable to find a report of concerns for CNS depression caused by Lithium.", "sources": [ { "author": "Drugbank", "title": "Lithium Carbonate", "url": "https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB14509" } ], "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "lsd": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "maois": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "mdma": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mescaline": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mushrooms": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mxe": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "nbomes": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "opioids": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. Memory blackouts are likely.", "status": "Caution" }, "pcp": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "pregabalin": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other, and may increase the risk of loss of consciousness at higher dosages. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. The combination may increase inhibition and risk of injury. Additionally, abuse of nitrous while under the influence of pregabalin may increase the risk of seizures. Medical dosages are unlikely to be a concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben‐Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin Pharmacology and Its Relevance to Clinical Practice. Epilepsia, 45(s6), 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Cross, A. L., Viswanath, O., & Sherman, A. L. (2025)", "title": "Pregabalin. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470341/" }, { "author": "Davidson, L. T. (2023)", "title": "Recreational use of nitrous oxide causes seizure, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and pneumopericardium: nitrous oxide and its harm, a case report. Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, 128, 10.48101/ujms.v128.10281.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.48101/ujms.v128.10281" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures: A historical-controlled trial. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N., & Livingston, J. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti‐epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Knuf, K., & Maani, C. V. (2025)", "title": "Nitrous Oxide. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532922/" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Wagner, S., Clark, M., Wesche, D., Doedens, D., & Lloyd, A. (1992)", "title": "Asphyxial Deaths from the Recreational Use of Nitrous Oxide. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 37(4), 1008–1015.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1520/JFS13286J" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "ssris": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "tramadol": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. Memory blackouts are likely.", "status": "Caution" } }, "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "1-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "giggling", "mood lift", "euphoria", "sound distortion", "dream like state", "minor to strong hallucinations", "reduction of external stimuli", "analgesia", "buzzing sensation in nerve", "clumsiness", "nausea", "headaches", "numbness in extremities" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "0-1" }, "name": "nitrous", "pretty_name": "N2O", "properties": { "after-effects": "15-30 minutes", "aliases": [ "laughing_gas", "n20", "n2o", "nos", "hippy crack" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "habit-forming", "common" ], "duration": "1-5 minutes", "effects": "giggling, mood lift, euphoria, sound distortion, dream like state, minor to strong hallucinations, reduction of external stimuli, analgesia, buzzing sensation in nerve, clumsiness, nausea, headaches, numbness in extremities", "onset": "0-1 minutes", "summary": "Nitrous oxide, also known as laughing gas, is often inhaled through balloons filled with canisters of the gas. The drug is a short-acting dissociative inhalant with strong visual, mental, and auditory effects. The drug is extremely popular especially in combination with other drugs." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_suppression", "Changes in felt bodily form": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Changes_in_felt_bodily_form", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Depersonalization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depersonalization", "Derealization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Derealization", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Double vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Frame rate suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frame_rate_suppression", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Headaches": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Headaches", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Laughter": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Laughter", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Pattern recognition suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_suppression", "Perception of decreased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_decreased_weight", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Suggestibility enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Suggestibility_enhancement", "Tactile suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_suppression", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Ketamine potentiates cerebrocortical damage induced by the common anaesthetic agent nitrous oxide in adult rats - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10928976", "Severe neurotoxicity following intrathecal methotrexate with nitrous oxide sedation in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25360802", "Neurologic degeneration associated with nitrous oxide anesthesia in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8250714" ] } }, "nm-2-ai": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "empathogen" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-150", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "150mg-200mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "nm-2-ai", "pretty_name": "NM-2-AI", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "empathogen" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-150 Strong: 150mg-200mg+", "duration": "3-5 hours.", "note": "Many of the anectodal reports for this drug are suspected to have been using NM-2-AI that has been laced (suggested to often be MPA). As such, the drug is recommended to be used with additional caution and caution on advice given by anectodal reports.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "Stimulant that is in the aminoindane class. The drug is structurally similar to it's 'bigger brother' 2-AI. In contrast, it reportedly has a lower potency and longer duration." } }, "noctec": { "aliases": [ "chloral-hydrate", "aquachloral", "somnos" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "200-500mg", "Light": "200mg", "Strong": "500-1000mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-60" }, "name": "noctec", "pretty_name": "Chloral hydrate", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "chloral-hydrate", "aquachloral", "somnos" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 200mg's Common: 200-500mg's Strong: 500-1000mg's.", "duration": "5-10 hours", "onset": "20-60 minutes.", "summary": "Chloral Hydrate, a sedative drug discovered in 1832 with a history of recreational use going back to the 19th century. The drug is prescribed rarely for extreme insomnia. There is limited information on the drug's long-term effects on the body. The drug is reported to induce a intoxication comparable to alcohol or benzodiazepines." } }, "noopept": { "categories": [ "research-chemical", "nootropic" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "10mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "10mg", "Light": "5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg+" }, "Sublingual": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "10mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "0-5", "Oral": "15-30", "Sublingual": "5-10" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Noopept_.shtml" }, "name": "noopept", "pretty_name": "Noopept", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "avoid": "Due to noopept modulating AMPA and NMDA receptors, dissociative drugs such as ketamine will have diminished effects. The drug is reported to have unpredictable potentiating effects on drugs such as alcohol, cannabis, psychedelics, and stimulants. Caution is advised when mixing.", "categories": [ "research-chemical", "nootropic" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5mg Common: 10mg Strong: 10-20mg+ | Sublingual/Insufflated Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10mg+", "duration": "3-6 hours", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes | Sublingual: 5-10 minutes | Intranasal: 0-5 minutes.", "summary": "A common nootropic often attributed with temporarily increasing intelligence, concentration, focus, and memory recall. Daily use is reported to create dependency with withdrawls reportedly causing negative cognitive effects and ability. The nootropic is often taken in combinations or 'stacks' with other nootropics." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Memory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_enhancement", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Rejuvenation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Rejuvenation", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "nordazepam": { "aliases": [ "nordaz", "nordiazepam", "desmethyldiazepam" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-120" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-15mg", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "15-30mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "10-20" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-120" }, "name": "nordazepam", "pretty_name": "Nordazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-120 hours.", "aliases": [ "nordaz", "nordiazepam", "desmethyldiazepam" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-15mg Strong: 15-30mg+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Nordazepam - 10mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "10-20 hours.", "onset": "45-120 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is reported to have comman benzodiazepine effects, such as being an anti-convulsant, muscle relaxant, and having sedative-anxiolytic effects. The drug has active metabolites of diazepam, chlordiazepoxide, and clorazepate among many others which is where most of its effects come from. The drug has one of the longest lasting half-lifes in the benzodiazepine drug class." } }, "norflurazepam": { "aliases": [ "n-desalkylflurazepam" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "10-16" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-120" }, "name": "norflurazepam", "pretty_name": "Norflurazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "n-desalkylflurazepam" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg+", "duration": "10-16 hours.", "onset": "45-120 minutes.", "summary": "Benzodiazepine analogue that is an active metabolite to many other benzodiazepines, such as flurazepam, flutoprazepam, and midazolam." } }, "o-desmethyltramadol": { "aliases": [ "odt", "o-smt", "o-dsmt" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Insufflation is reported to be extremely painful.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-50mg", "Light": "10-25mg", "Strong": "50-100mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "20", "Oral": "20-40" }, "name": "o-desmethyltramadol", "pretty_name": "O-Desmethyltramadol", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "odt", "o-smt", "o-dsmt" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-25mg Common: 25-50mg Strong: 50-100mg+ | NOTE: Insufflation is reported to be extremely painful.", "duration": "3-6 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "Oral: 20-40 minutes | Insufflated: 20 minutes.", "summary": "An opioid analgesic which is the main active metabolite of tramadol. The drug is a µ full agonist and has additional affinity for δ (delta) and κ-opioid receptors." } }, "o-pce": { "aliases": [ "2'-oxo-pce", "eticyclidone", "opce", "2-oxo-pce" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-48" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "3-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-5", "Oral": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "15-45", "Oral": "25-75" }, "name": "o-pce", "pretty_name": "O-PCE", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-48 hours.", "aliases": [ "2'-oxo-pce", "eticyclidone", "opce", "2-oxo-pce" ], "avoid": "CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 3-6mg Common: 6-11mg Strong: 10-20mg. Insufflated Light: 3-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg.", "duration": "Oral 3-6 hours. | Insufflated 2-5 hours.", "onset": "Oral 25-75 minutes. | Insufflated 15-45 minutes.", "summary": "Dissociative of the arylcyclohexylamine class. Structurally related to deschloroketamine." } }, "opium": { "aliases": [ "O" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "333-500mg.", "Fatal": "2000mg" }, "Smoked": { "Common": "100mg" } }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Opium.shtml" }, "name": "opium", "pretty_name": "Opium", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "O" ], "avoid": "The drug has a high rate of overdoses and it is strongly recommended against using foil to smoke it.", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "marquis": "Dark grayish reddish brown", "summary": "Opium is a naturally occurring analgesic harvested as a latex from ripe Papaver somniferum (opium poppy) pods. The sap of the poppy plant primarily contains codeine and morphine with the amounts varying by plant, which can be made into a tea and consumed raw, or further processed." } }, "oxazepam": { "aliases": [ "serax" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-10" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-30mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "30-45mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "The drug is reported to have effects associated with typical common benzodiazepines", "Amnesic", "anxiolytic", "anticonvulsant", "hypnotic", "sedative" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-120" }, "name": "oxazepam", "pretty_name": "Oxazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-10 hours.", "aliases": [ "serax" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-30mg Strong: 30-45mg+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Oxazepam - 20mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "effects": "The drug is reported to have effects associated with typical common benzodiazepines. Some of these effects include but are not limited to, amnesic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, and sedative.", "onset": "60-120 minutes.", "summary": "A prescription benzodiazepine with intermediate duration and half life. A sedative and hypnotic which may cause lowered inhibitions and amnesia in higher doses." } }, "oxazolam": { "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "15-30mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "oxazolam", "pretty_name": "Oxazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-12 hours.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-15mg Strong: 15-30mg+", "duration": "6-12 hours.", "onset": "30-90 minutes.", "summary": "A benzodiazepine derivative that is a prodrug for desmethyldiazepam." } }, "oxiracetam": { "aliases": [ "neuractiv", "neuromet", "hydroxypiracetam" ], "dose_note": " Note: This is for the course over a 24 hour period. 2-3x times daily, such as 400mg-800mg/3x day.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1200-2400mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "oxiracetam", "pretty_name": "Oxiracetam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "neuractiv", "neuromet", "hydroxypiracetam" ], "dose": "Common: 1200-2400mg", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "experiences": "https://erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Smarts_Oxiracetam.shtml", "note": "The doses listed are for over the course of a 24 hour period. 2-3x daily, such as 400-800mg three times a day.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "Oxiracetam is a racetam nootropic, having a hydroxyl group being the only difference between this and piracetam. It used as a nootropic, namely for increased cognitive function. It is typically used two to three times a day. This substance is typically taken with choline and is reported to cause headaches without the addition of it." } }, "oxycodone": { "aliases": [ "oxy", "oxycontin", "percocet", "oxynorm" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose_note": " Note: Dosages reflect that while nasal bioavailability (BA) may be less than oral BA, nasal administration can cause an additional 'rush' (due to quicker onset); this may lead to a subjective experience of greater strength than an equivalent oral dose.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "7.5-15mg", "Light": "2.5-7.5mg", "Strong": "15-25mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "10-25mg", "Light": "2.5-10mg", "Strong": "25-40mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "3-5", "Intravenous": "3-5", "Oral_ER": "6-8", "Oral_IR": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Pain relief", "Respiratory depression", "Sedation", "Constipation", "Cough suppression", "Decreased libido", "Difficulty urinating", "Itchiness", "Nausea", "Pupil constriction", "Stomach cramps", "Appetite suppression", "Euphoria", "Anxiety suppression", "Dream potentiation" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "2-5", "Intravenous": "0-1", "Oral_ER": "40", "Oral_IR": "20" }, "name": "oxycodone", "pretty_name": "Oxycodone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "oxy", "oxycontin", "percocet", "oxynorm" ], "bioavailability": "Oral 60-87% | Insufflated 55-70%", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "detection": "3-5 days for minimal use, 5-8 for regular use.", "dose": "Oral Light: 2.5-10mg Common: 10-25mg Strong: 25-40mg | Insufflated Light: 2.5-7.5mg Common: 7.5-15mg Strong: 15-25mg | Note: Dosages reflect that, while nasal bioavailability (BA) may be less than oral BA, nasal administration causes an additional 'rush' (due to quicker onset); this may lead to a subjective experience of greater strength than an equivalent oral dose.", "duration": "Oral_IR: 4-6 hours | Oral_ER: 6-8 hours. | Insufflated: 3-5 hours. | IV: 3-5 hours.", "effects": "Pain relief, Respiratory depression, Sedation, Constipation, Cough suppression, Decreased libido, Difficulty urinating, Itchiness, Nausea, Pupil constriction, Stomach cramps, Appetite suppression, Euphoria, Anxiety suppression, Dream potentiation.", "half-life": "2-4 hours", "marquis": "Pale violet", "onset": "Oral_IR: 20 minutes | Oral_ER: 40 minutes | Insufflated: 2-5 minutes | IV: 0-1 minutes", "potentiators": "Avoid grapefruit juice, depressants, and diphenhydramine (DPH). These products may react negatively and can cause an overdose. Additionally, it is strongly recommended against consuming greater than 4g APAP (acetaminophen) in a day.", "summary": "A semisynthetic opioid analgesic developed in 1917, prescribed primarily for pain management. It has become extremely popular as a recreational drug in some areas and carries a high potential for substance use disorder. Anectodal reports indicate the drug being a more 'stimulating' than other opioids." }, "pweffects": { "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Constipation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Constipation", "Cough suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cough_suppression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Itchiness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Itchiness", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil constriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_constriction", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Stomach cramps": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stomach_cramps" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Controlled-release oxycodone-induced seizures. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16368452", "Grapefruit juice enhances the exposure to oral oxycodone. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20406214", "Oxycodone/paracetamol: a low-dose synergic combination useful in different types of pain. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20670044", "Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oxycodone when given intravenously and rectally to adult patients with cancer pain. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7818116", "Differential effects of food on the bioavailability of controlled-release oxycodone tablets and immediate-release oxycodone solution. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8901078", "Oxycodone is found to suppress sodium currents in the thalamic regions of the brain at high doses and is an effect that is independent of the MOR/u-opioid recepter and therefore this mechanism is not blocked by the use of naloxone - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304394009001268", "Oxycodone is found to have longer lasting more efficient effects on pain due to neuropathy because of having GABA-B agonist properties -http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0091297", "Oxycodone when paired with an ultra low dose of naltrexone, an opioid antagonist, oxycodone has a longer duration of pain relief - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1526590005004128", "Oxycodone has been found to be an effective treatment for restless leg syndrome - http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/8341893", "Pharmacokinetics of oxycodone done orally and intramuscularly http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb04090.x/abstract" ] } }, "oxymorphone": { "aliases": [ "opana", "stopsigns" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "4-6mg", "Heavy": "6-10mg+", "Light": "2-4mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Heavy": "20mg+", "Light": "5-7.5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "5-8", "Intravenous": "2-4", "Oral_ER": "6-14", "Oral_IR": "4-8", "Rectal": "4-7" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "1-5", "Intravenous": "0-1", "Oral_ER": "60-90", "Oral_IR": "20-40", "Rectal": "15-30" }, "name": "oxymorphone", "pretty_name": "Oxymorphone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "opana", "stopsigns" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Intranasal: 43%, Oral: 10-20%, Rectal: 10%", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Low: 5-7.5mg Common: 10-20mg Heavy: 20mg+ | Insufflated Low: 2-4mg Common: 4-6mg Heavy: 6-10mg+", "duration": "Oral_IR: 4-8 hours | Oral_ER: 6-14 hours | Insufflated 5-8 hours | Plugged: 4-7 hours | IV: 2-4 hours. | Note: Tolerance + contents in your stomach can cause this to be quite different.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "Oral_IR: 20-40 minutes | Oral_ER: 60-90 minutes. | Insufflated: 1-5 minutes | Plugged: 15-30 minutes. | IV: 0-1 minutes", "summary": "A powerful semisynthetic opioid analgesic also known as Opana. A derivative of morphine, it is approximately ten times as potent as morphine. The drug has a low oral bioavailability and as such it is usually insufflated or taken rectally.", "warning": "NOTE: There have been reports of a rare blood disorder from intravenous use of Oxymorphone ER. It is strongly recommended to take this into consideration before taking the drug this way." } }, "pagoclone": { "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "name": "pagoclone", "pretty_name": "Pagoclone", "properties": { "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "summary": "An anxiolytic drug related to zopiclone with reportedly no sedative or hypnotic qualities. The drug has been investigated as a possible alcohol replacement. Related in structure and effect to zopiclone and zolpidem." } }, "palfium": { "aliases": [ "dextromoramide" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: The drug is reportedly highly unpredicable and has a strange, rapid, tolerance behaviour.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-7.5mg", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "7.5-10mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Intravenous": "2-3", "Oral": "3-5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Intravenous": "1-2", "Oral": "5-15" }, "name": "palfium", "pretty_name": "Dextromoramide", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "dextromoramide" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-7.5mg Strong: 7.5-10mg+ | NOTE: The drug is reportedly highly unpredicable and has a strange, rapid, tolerance behaviour.", "duration": "Oral 3-5 hours. | Intravenously: 2-3 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 5-15 minutes. | Intravenously: 1-2 minutes.", "summary": "Dextromoramide, a rare and powerful opioid analgesic approximately three times as potent as morphine with a shorter duration. Generally only seen in the Netherlands. Reported as having strange and rapid tolerance behaviour." } }, "parafluorobutyrfentanyl": { "aliases": [ "pfbf", "4-fluorobutyrfentanyl", "4-fbf" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "600-900ug", "Light": "300ug", "Strong": "900-1200ug." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_4Fluorobutyrfentanyl.shtml" }, "name": "parafluorobutyrfentanyl", "pretty_name": "4-Fluorobutyrfentanyl", "properties": { "aliases": [ "pfbf", "4-fluorobutyrfentanyl", "4-fbf" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Low: 300ug Common: 600-900ug Strong: 900-1200ug.", "duration": "30-60 minutes.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "Insufflated <5 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is reportedly rare and there is little known about it. It is an extremely potent research chemical analogue of fentanyl. This powerful opioid is generally only dispensed as a nasal spray. It is strongly recommended to handle with extreme caution and to avoid mixing it with other depressants." } }, "parafluorofentanyl": { "aliases": [ "pff", "4-fluorofentanyl" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-2", "Oral": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "25-40ug", "Light": "10-25ug", "Strong": "40-65ug+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-3", "Oral": "3-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "0-1", "Oral": "5-10" }, "name": "parafluorofentanyl", "pretty_name": "Parafluorofentanyl", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 1-4 hours. | Insufflated: 1-2 hours.", "aliases": [ "pff", "4-fluorofentanyl" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Insufflated Light: 10-25ug Common: 25-40ug Strong: 40-65ug+", "duration": "Oral: 3-4 hours. | Insufflated: 2-3 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 5-10 minutes. | Insufflated: 0-1 minute.", "summary": "The drug is reportedly rare and there is little known about it. It is an extremely potent research chemical analogue of fentanyl developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica in the 1960s. It is strongly recommended to handle with extreme caution and to avoid mixing it with other depressants." } }, "paroxetine": { "aliases": [ "paxil", "seroxat" ], "categories": [ "ssri" ], "name": "paroxetine", "pretty_name": "Paroxetine", "properties": { "aliases": [ "paxil", "seroxat" ], "categories": [ "ssri" ] } }, "pce": { "aliases": [ "eticyclidine" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "3-7mg", "Light": "1-3mg", "Strong": "7-15mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-5" }, "name": "pce", "pretty_name": "PCE", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "eticyclidine" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Insufflated Light: 1-3mg Common: 3-7mg Strong: 7-15mg+", "duration": "2-5 hours.", "onset": "Insufflated 5-15 minutes.", "summary": "Eticyclidine (PCE) is a dissociative anesthetic that has hallucinogenic effects. It is reported to be slightly more potent than (PCP)." } }, "pcp": { "aliases": [ "angeldust", "phencyclidine", "angel", "dust", "angel_dust", "wet" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "habit-forming" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "2c-x": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "alcohol": { "note": "Details of this combination are not well understood but PCP generally interacts in an unpredictable manner.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "This combination can easily lead to hypermanic states", "status": "Unsafe" }, "amt": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "benzodiazepines": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. Memory blackouts are likely", "status": "Unsafe" }, "caffeine": { "note": "Details of this combination are not well understood but PCP generally interacts in an unpredictable manner.", "status": "Caution" }, "cannabis": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "cocaine": { "note": "This combination can easily lead to hypermanic states", "status": "Unsafe" }, "dextromethorphan": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "dmt": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "dox": { "note": "Details of this combination are not well understood but PCP generally interacts in an unpredictable manner.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "ghb/gbl": { "note": "Details of this combination are not well understood but PCP generally interacts in an unpredictable manner.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "ketamine": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "lsd": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "maois": { "note": "This combination is very poorly explored", "status": "Dangerous" }, "mdma": { "note": "This combination can easily lead to hypermanic states", "status": "Unsafe" }, "mescaline": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mushrooms": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mxe": { "note": "There are no reports available about this combination", "status": "Caution" }, "nbomes": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "nitrous": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "opioids": { "note": "PCP can reduce opioid tolerance, increasing the risk of overdose", "status": "Caution" }, "ssris": { "note": "Details of this combination are not well understood but PCP generally interacts in an unpredictable manner.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "tramadol": { "status": "Dangerous" } }, "dose_note": " NOTE: Caution is strongly recommended, there are a high amount of reports for the drug inducing manic episodes and or related psychosis.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "12-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "4-8mg", "Light": "2-4mg", "Strong": "8-15mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "10-15mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "2-20" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_PCP.shtml" }, "name": "pcp", "pretty_name": "PCP", "properties": { "after-effects": "12-24 hours", "aliases": [ "angeldust", "phencyclidine", "angel", "dust", "angel_dust", "wet" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-15mg+ | Insufflated Light: 2-4mg Common: 4-8mg Strong: 8-15mg+ | NOTE: Caution is strongly recommended, there are a high amount of reports for the drug inducing manic episodes and or related psychosis.", "duration": "4-6 hours", "onset": "2-20 minutes", "summary": "A strong dissociative drug. PCP works primarily as an NMDA receptor antagonist. It is also referred to as \"wet\" or \"angel dust\". The drug is best known for stories of strange and sometimes violent behaviour of those under its influence, though it is likely these are only in overdose cases. Caution is recommended due to reports of mania and psychosis." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_enhancement", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Auditory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Conceptual thinking": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Conceptual_thinking", "Consciousness disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Consciousness_disconnection", "Creativity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Creativity_enhancement", "Déjà vu": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/D%C3%A9j%C3%A0_vu", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Depersonalization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depersonalization", "Derealization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Derealization", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Double vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision", "Environmental cubism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_cubism", "Environmental orbism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_orbism", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Frame rate suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frame_rate_suppression", "Geometry": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Geometry", "Immersion enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Immersion_enhancement", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Pattern recognition suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_suppression", "Perception of decreased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_decreased_weight", "Perspective distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_distortions", "Physical autonomy": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_autonomy", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Psychosis": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Psychosis", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Tactile disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_disconnection", "Tactile suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_suppression", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Visual disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_disconnection", "Visual sliding": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_sliding" } }, "pemoline": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-40mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "40-80mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "pemoline", "pretty_name": "Pemoline", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Low: 10-20mg Common: 20-40mg Strong: 40-80mg.", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "A stimulant of the 4-oxazolidinone class. The drug was used as a medication for ADHD and narcolepsy, but it was pulled from most markets due to liver failures among children." } }, "pentazocine": { "aliases": [ "talwin" ], "categories": [ "habit-forming", "depressant", "opioid" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Intramuscular": { "Common": "20mg-30mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "30-60mg" }, "Intravenous": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "30mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Intramuscular": "2-3", "Intravenous": "2-3" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Intramuscular": "15-20", "Intravenous": "2-3" }, "name": "pentazocine", "pretty_name": "Pentazocine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "talwin" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants", "bioavailability": "Oral 20%", "categories": [ "habit-forming", "depressant", "opioid" ], "dose": "IM Light: 10-20mg Common: 20mg-30mg Strong: 30-60mg (it is strongly recommended not to exceed 60mg) | IV Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 30mg (it is strongly recommended not to exceed 30mg)", "duration": "IM: 2-3 hours | IV: 2-3 hours", "onset": "IM 15-20 minutes | IV 2-3 minutes", "summary": "A synthetic opioid used as an analgesic. It is only used IM and IV in the medical field and has respiratory depressant effects. It is pregnancy category C and schedule IV in the US.", "warning": "When mixed with a barbituate in a syringe it will crystallize which can be fatal. Caution is strongly recommended" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "information for dose duration onset warning and summary - Book - 2015 Jones and Bartlett Nurse's drug handbook fourteenth edition - page 929" ] } }, "pentedrone": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "15-25mg" }, "Rectal": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-4", "Oral": "2-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral": "15-30" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Pentedrone.shtml" }, "name": "pentedrone", "pretty_name": "Pentedrone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "avoid": "All other stimulants.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-15mg Strong: 15-25mg | Insufflated Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg | Rectal Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-10mg strong: 10-20mg.", "duration": "Oral: 2-6 hours. | Insufflated: 1-4 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "A potent NDRI cathinone-type stimulant with anectodal reports indicating the drugs effects not to be greatly recreational." } }, "pentobarbital": { "aliases": [ "nembutal", "novopentobarb" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "barbiturate" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-36" }, "formatted_dose": { "Intramuscular": { "Common": "150-200mg", "Heavy": "200mg+", "Light": "100-150mg" }, "Intravenous": { "Common": "60-100mg", "Heavy": "100mg+", "Light": "50-60mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "100-200mg", "Heavy": "200-300mg", "Light": "50-100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Intramuscular": "3-4", "Intravenous": "15-20", "Oral": "3-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Intramuscular": "10-25", "Intravenous": "1", "Oral": "15-60" }, "name": "pentobarbital", "pretty_name": "Pentobarbital", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-36 hours.", "aliases": [ "nembutal", "novopentobarb" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants. It is additionally recommended to be avoided if one has respiratory or liver issues as barbiturates are harsh on the liver.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "barbiturate" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-200mg Heavy: 200-300mg | IM Light: 100-150mg Common: 150-200mg Heavy: 200mg+ | IV Light: 50-60mg Common: 60-100mg Heavy: 100mg+", "duration": "Oral 3-4 hours | IM 3-4 hours | IV 15-20 minutes", "onset": "Oral 15-60 minutes | IM 10-25 minutes | IV 1 minute", "summary": "A CNS depressant drug that is of the barbituate class. The drug is not used often used medically due to it's high overdose potential in contrast to a lesser overdose risk with benzodiazepine. The drug is used for the treatment of insomnia" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Information on summary duration onset and dosage: Page 930 - Nurse's drug handbook 14th edition Jones and Bartlett 2015" ] } }, "pentylone": { "aliases": [ "4-meppp", "bk-mbdp", "bk-methyl-k" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-40mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "40-80mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "10", "Oral": "20-40" }, "name": "pentylone", "pretty_name": "Pentylone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "4-meppp", "bk-mbdp", "bk-methyl-k" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-40mg Strong: 40-80mg+", "duration": "3-4 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 20-40 minutes | Insufflated: 10 minutes", "summary": "A stimulant, empathogen, and substituted cathinone. It was first synthesised in the 1960s, and re-appeared on the research chemical scene in 2010. There is very little known about the pharmacology or effects of this compound." } }, "peyote": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Dried": { "Common": "20-30g", "Heavy": "40g+", "Light": "10-20g", "Strong": "30-40g" }, "Fresh": { "Common": "100-150g", "Heavy": "200g+", "Light": "50-100g" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "feelings of insight", "brightening of colors", "mood lift", "closed and open eye visuals", "giggling", "increase in energy happy feelings", "change in consciousness", "loss of appettite", "unusla thoughts and speech", "mild to extreme distractability", "changes in time and reality", "changes in self control", "ego softening", "pupil dilation", "body tremors", "nausea", "chest and neck pain" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Peyote.shtml" }, "name": "peyote", "pretty_name": "Peyote", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-8 hours", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "common" ], "dose": "Fresh Light: 50-100g Common: 100-150g Strong 150-200g Heavy: 200g+ | Dried Light: 10-20g Common: 20-30g Strong: 30-40g Heavy: 40g+", "duration": "4-8 hrs", "effects": "feelings of insight, brightening of colors, mood lift, closed and open eye visuals, giggling, increase in energy happy feelings, change in consciousness, loss of appettite, unusla thoughts and speech, mild to extreme distractability, changes in time and reality, changes in self control, ego softening, pupil dilation, body tremors, nausea, chest and neck pain", "onset": "60-120 minutes", "summary": "Peyote is a small, spineless cactus that contains mescaline as its primary active chemical. It has a long history of use among the natives of Northern Mexico and Southwestern United States." } }, "pfbt": { "aliases": [ "4-fluorotropacocaine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "50-70mg", "Light": "20-50mg", "Strong": "70-110mg+", "Threshold": "10-20mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-2" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "1-10" }, "name": "pfbt", "pretty_name": "PFBT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "4-fluorotropacocaine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "tentative", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Insufflated Threshold: 10-20mg Light: 20-50mg Common: 50-70mg Strong: 70-110mg+", "duration": "Insufflated: 1-2 hours.", "onset": "Insufflated: 1-10 minutes.", "summary": "Tropane derivative substance that is suggested to have around ~30% the potency of cocaine as a stimulant, while also having properties of a local anasthetic." } }, "phenazepam": { "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "36" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg", "Heavy": "2-4mg", "Light": "0.5-1mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "18" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-60" }, "name": "phenazepam", "pretty_name": "Phenazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "36+ hours", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 0.5-1mg Common: 1-2mg Heavy: 2-4mg - Blacking out is reported to happen often above 4mg. Caution is strongly recommended.", "dose_to_diazepam": "Phenazepam - ~1mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "18+ hours", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "15-60 minutes", "summary": "A very long-acting, potent, subtle benzodiazepine. Infamous for the calamitous experiences, many anectodal reports indicate the drugs suggestibility for redosing and reckless usage. The drug is prescribed in certain countries for epilepsy and alcohol withdrawal." } }, "phenethylamine": { "aliases": [ "pea" ], "categories": [ "supplement", "nootropic" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-60" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "300-500mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "phenethylamine", "pretty_name": "Phenethylamine", "properties": { "after-effects": "10-60 minutes.", "aliases": [ "pea" ], "categories": [ "supplement", "nootropic" ], "dose": "Common: 300-500mg.", "duration": "1-4 hours.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "Organic compound, which is the name of a class of chemicals that are known for psychoactive and/or stimulant effects. The compound is typically not used as a supplement as it is rapidly broken down into inactive compounds. The compound is found in many foods." } }, "phenetrazine": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "20-35mg", "Heavy": "50mg+", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "35-50mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "25-50mg", "Heavy": "70mg+", "Light": "10-25mg", "Strong": "50-70mg.", "Threshold": "5-10mg" } }, "name": "phenetrazine", "pretty_name": "Phenetrazine", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 5-10mg Light: 10-25mg Common: 25-50mg Strong: 50-70mg. Heavy: 70mg+ | Insufflated Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-35mg Strong: 35-50mg Heavy: 50mg+", "summary": "A rare phenethylamine stimulant related to 3-FPM. There is limited information on the drugs pharmacology and effects. It is suspected to have similar properties to structurally similar compounds. Caution is recommended to not confuse it with phenmetrazine." } }, "phenibut": { "categories": [ "depressant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "nootropic" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: The substance reportedly has a very fast increase in tolerance which seems to vary significantly person-to-person. Caution is recommended start slowly and increase dosages incrementally. There are suggestions to start with lower dosages (50-100mg's) and to wait two weeks before dosage increasement.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "600-1200mg", "Light": "300-600mg", "Strong": "1200-1800mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "9-16" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-120" }, "name": "phenibut", "pretty_name": "Phenibut", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "avoid": " CNS depressants such as alcohol, opioids, and benzodiazepines.", "categories": [ "depressant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "nootropic" ], "dose": "Light: 300-600mg's Common: 600-1200mg Strong: 1200-1800mg+ | NOTE: The substance reportedly has a very fast increase in tolerance which seems to vary significantly person-to-person. Caution is recommended start slowly and increase dosages incrementally. There are suggestions to start with lower dosages (50-100mg's) and to wait two weeks before dosage increasement.", "duration": "9-16 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "30-120 minutes, peak around t+3-4h", "summary": "A derivative of GABA with the addition of a phenyl ring which allows it to cross the blood brain barrier. The drug is typically used as an anxiety and insomnia medication. Tolerance and physical dependency builds quickly." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "Headaches": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Headaches", "Increased blood pressure": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_blood_pressure", "Increased perspiration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_perspiration", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle cramps": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_cramps", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Stomach cramps": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stomach_cramps", "Temperature regulation suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Temperature_regulation_suppression", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" } }, "phenmetrazine": { "aliases": [ "preludin" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-50mg", "Dangerous": "80mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "phenmetrazine", "pretty_name": "Phenmetrazine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "preludin" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Common: 25-50mg Dangerous: 80mg+", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "Stimulant drug that was previously used as an appetite suppressant and has since been withdrawn from the market, due to concerns of abuse and addiction. Reportedly produces fewer negative side effects than common amphetamines. A study has reported it is slightly more effective than dextroamphetamine as a weight loss agent." } }, "phenobarbital": { "aliases": [ "pheno", "phenobarbitone", "luminal" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "barbiturate" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-150mg", "Light": "50-100mg", "Strong": "150-300mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Intravenous": "4-6", "Oral": "5-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Intravenous": "1-5", "Oral": "15-45" }, "name": "phenobarbital", "pretty_name": "Phenobarbital", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "pheno", "phenobarbitone", "luminal" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "barbiturate" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-100mg's Common: 100-150mg's Strong: 150-300mg's+", "duration": "Oral: 5-8 hours. | Intravenous: 4-6 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-45 minutes. | Intravenous: 1-5 minutes.", "summary": "CNS depressant that is typically used for insomnia in older patients and epliepsy in younger patients. Less commonlly used now medically due to a popular preference for benzodiazepines." } }, "phentermine": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-10" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-40mg", "Light": "15-20mg", "Strong": "40-70mg" } }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "name": "phentermine", "pretty_name": "Phentermine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-10 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative" ], "dose": "Low: 15-20mg Common: 20-40mg Strong: 40-70mg's.", "onset": "4-6 hours.", "summary": "Psychostimulant of the substituted amphetamine class. The drug is used medically as an appetite suppressant." } }, "picamilon": { "categories": [ "nootropic", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "80-140mg", "Light": "40-80mg", "Strong": "140-250mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-45" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Picamilon.shtml" }, "name": "picamilon", "pretty_name": "Picamilon", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "categories": [ "nootropic", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 40-80mg Common: 80-140mg Strong: 140-250mg.", "duration": "2-4 hours.", "onset": "10-45 minutes.", "summary": "An analogue of GABA that passes the brain blood barrier, which is then hydrolyzed into GABA and niacin. It is suggested GABA is the producer of an anxiolytic effect from this action. In contrast, it is suggested niacin acts as a vasodilator. Picamilon is often used in nootropic 'stacks'." } }, "pinazepam": { "aliases": [ "domar" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-10" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-16" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-90" }, "name": "pinazepam", "pretty_name": "Pinazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-10 hours.", "aliases": [ "domar" ], "avoid": "All CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg+", "duration": "6-16 hours.", "onset": "15-90 minutes.", "summary": "Benzodiazepine that is solely an anxiolytic drug that lacks the hypnotic and significant motor impairment that typical benzodiazepines do. The main metabolite of this drug is nordazepam and to a lesser effect oxazepam, which is where it is suggested to get most of its effects" } }, "pipt": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Vapourized": { "Common": "15-20mg", "Heavy": "20mg+", "Light": "15mg", "Threshold": "10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "3-4", "Vapourized": "2" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "1", "Vapourized": "5" }, "name": "pipt", "pretty_name": "PiPT", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Vapourized Threshold: 10mg Light: 15mg Common: 15-20mg Heavy: 20mg+", "duration": "Oral: 3-4 hours | Vapourized: 2 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "Vapourized: 5 minutes. | Oral: 1 hour.", "summary": "A rare psychedelic tryptamine related to DPT. There is little known about the effects or safety profile of this compound." } }, "piracetam": { "aliases": [ "nootropil", "lucetam", "noostan", "breinox", "oikamid", "geratam", "biotropil" ], "categories": [ "nootropic" ], "dose_note": " Note: Doses are typically split up to be taken 3x a day.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1200-4800mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-35" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Piracetam.shtml" }, "name": "piracetam", "pretty_name": "Piracetam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "nootropil", "lucetam", "noostan", "breinox", "oikamid", "geratam", "biotropil" ], "categories": [ "nootropic" ], "dose": "Common: 1200-4800mg | Note: Doses are normally split up to be taken 3x a day.", "duration": "3-6 hours.", "onset": "15-35 minutes.", "summary": "A racetam nootropic suggested to have cognitive benefits but has limited clinical research on it. The racetam is prescribed in the United Kingdom as a treatment for myoclonus. Piracetam is potentially an ampakine. It has been known to be one of the more popular nootropics." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Dream potentiation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dream_potentiation", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Headaches": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Headaches", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Memory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_enhancement", "Mindfulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Mindfulness", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Muscle spasms": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_spasms", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Tactile enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_enhancement", "Thought connectivity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_connectivity", "Wakefulness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Wakefulness" } }, "placdyl": { "aliases": [ "placidyl", "ethchlorvnol" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "200-500mg", "Light": "100-200mg", "Strong": "500-750mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-9" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "placdyl", "pretty_name": "Ethchlorvynol", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "placidyl", "ethchlorvnol" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 100-200mg Common: 200-500mg Strong: 500-750mg +", "duration": "6-9 hours", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "Sedative-hypnotic medication made in the 1950's. The drug was used for treatment of short-term insomnia (two weeks)." } }, "pma": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative" ], "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_PMA.shtml" }, "name": "pma", "pretty_name": "PMA", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative" ], "summary": "An empathogen with a slow onset and strong serotonin release. This, combined with its lack of dopamine release, often leads users to dose more for the pleasurable effects which reportedly do not appear. This often leading to hospitalisations and deaths. The drug has been missold as MDMA.", "warning": "The drug is a deadly neurotoxin found in some MDMA presses." } }, "pramiracetam": { "categories": [ "nootropic" ], "dose_note": " Note: Usually taken two or three times a day. 400mg taken three times a day, or 600mg three times a day.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "400-1200mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "pramiracetam", "pretty_name": "Pramiracetam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-2 hours.", "categories": [ "nootropic" ], "dose": "Common: 400-1200mg | Note: Usually taken two or three times a day. So 400mg taken three times a day, or 600mg three times a day.", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "A CNS stimulant nootropic that belongs to the racetam family of compounds. The nootropic is significantly more potent than piracetam while appearing to have a similar mechanism of action." } }, "prazepam": { "aliases": [ "centrac", "centrax", "demetrin", "lysanxia", "pozapam", "prasepine", "prazene", "reapam", "trepidan" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-40mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-20" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Anticonvulsant", "Sedative", "Skeletal Muscle Relaxant" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-120" }, "name": "prazepam", "pretty_name": "Prazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "8-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "centrac", "centrax", "demetrin", "lysanxia", "pozapam", "prasepine", "prazene", "reapam", "trepidan" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants, and Cimetidine", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-40mg.", "dose_to_diazepam": "Prazepam - 15mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "8-20 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Anticonvulsant, Sedative, Skeletal Muscle Relaxant", "onset": "45-120 minutes.", "summary": "Benzodiazepine dervative. It is suggested to have effects typical to common benzodiazepines such as anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedation, and skeletal muscle relaxant. It is a prodrug for desmethyldiazepam which is suggested to be the causer of the majority, if not all of the effects to prazepam." } }, "pre-084": { "categories": [ "tentative" ], "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "pre-084", "pretty_name": "PRE-084", "properties": { "categories": [ "tentative" ], "duration": "6-10 hours.", "note": "There is limited information on the substance, caution is strongly advised.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "A sigma-1 receptor agonist derived structurally from PCP. It is reported to have cognitive enhancing effects as well as antidepressant effects. Studies are being conduced on its potential use in treating many nervous system diseases such as ALS and parkinsons." } }, "pregabalin": { "aliases": [ "lyrica", "pregablin" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "combos": { "2c-x": { "note": "Pregabalin may reduce the anxiety and other possible side effects of 2C-X drugs. Additionally, the combination may increase inhibition, dizziness, and risk of injury.", "sources": [ { "author": "Cross, A. L., Viswanath, O., & Sherman, A. L. (2025)", "title": "Pregabalin. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470341/" }, { "author": "Gil-Martins, E., Barbosa, D. J., Borges, F., Remião, F., & Silva, R. (2025)", "title": "Toxicodynamic insights of 2C and NBOMe drugs – Is there abuse potential? Toxicology Reports, 14, 101890.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101890" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "note": "Caution should be given due to 5-MeO-xxT drugs stimulating effects and pregabalin’s seizure concerns at higher dosages. Pregabalin may reduce the vasoconstriction, anxiety, and other side effects of 5-MeO-xxT drugs. Additionally, Pregabalin may increase 5-MeO-xxT drugs inhibition and risk of injury.", "sources": [ { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Altuncı, Y. A., Aydoğdu, M., Açıkgöz, E., Güven, Ü., Düzağaç, F., Atasoy, A., Dağlıoğlu, N., & Akgür, S. A. (2021)", "title": "New Psychoactive Substance 5-MeO-MiPT In vivo Acute Toxicity and Hystotoxicological Study. Balkan Medical Journal, 38(1), 34–42.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2019.11.68" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N. A., & Livingston, J. H. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti-epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Reckweg, J. T., Uthaug, M. V., Szabo, A., Davis, A. K., Lancelotta, R., Mason, N. L., & Ramaekers, J. G. (2022)", "title": "The clinical pharmacology and potential therapeutic applications of 5‐methoxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine (5‐MeO‐DMT). Journal of Neurochemistry, 162(1), 128–146.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.15587" }, { "author": "Rickli, A., Moning, O. D., Hoener, M. C., & Liechti, M. E. (2016)", "title": "Receptor interaction profiles of novel psychoactive tryptamines compared with classic hallucinogens. European Neuropsychopharmacology: The Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 26(8), 1327–1337.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.05.001" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Soto-Angona, Ó., Fortea, A., Fortea, L., Martínez-Ramírez, M., Santamarina, E., López, F. J. G., Knudsen, G. M., & Ona, G. (2024)", "title": "Do classic psychedelics increase the risk of seizures? A scoping review. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 85, 35–42.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2024.05.002" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "There is a significant risk of seizures from this combination. Amphetamines increase respiration rate allowing for a higher dose of sedatives than normal. If amphetamines wears off first, recreational dosages of pregabalin may overcome the individual and cause respiratory arrest. Both substances at recreational dosages cause strain of the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications.", "sources": [ { "author": "Martin, D., & Le, J. K. (2023)", "title": "Amphetamine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556103/" }, { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N. A., & Livingston, J. H. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti-epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "caffeine": { "note": "There is a risk of seizures from this combination, especially at higher dosages. Caffeine additionally reduces pregabalin’s anticonvulsant effects found in lower dosages. Caffeine increases respiration rate allowing for a higher dose of sedatives than normal. If amphetamines wears off first, recreational dosages of pregabalin may overcome the individual and cause respiratory arrest. Both substances at recreational dosages cause strain of the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications. Medical dosages are unlikely to be of concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben‐Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin Pharmacology and Its Relevance to Clinical Practice. Epilepsia, 45(s6), 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Chwedorowicz, R., Łukawski, K., Raszewski, G., & Czuczwar, S. J. (2022)", "title": "Effect of caffeine on the anticonvulsant action of pregabalin against electroconvulsions in mice. Pharmacological Reports: PR, 74(2), 431–437.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s43440-022-00356-1" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures: A historical-controlled trial. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N., & Livingston, J. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti‐epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Miziak, B., Błaszczyk, B., Chrościńska-Krawczyk, M., & Czuczwar, S. J. (2023)", "title": "Caffeine and Its Interactions with Antiseizure Medications—Is There a Correlation between Preclinical and Clinical Data? International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(24), 17569.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417569" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "cannabis": { "note": "Both substances may increase each other's side effects, such as sedation, lowered blood pressure, and raised heart rate.", "sources": [ { "author": "Balachandran, P., Elsohly, M., & Hill, K. P.", "title": "Cannabidiol Interactions with Medications, Illicit Substances, and Alcohol: a Comprehensive Review (2021)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-06504-8" }, { "author": "Klein, T. A., & Clark, C. S.", "title": "Therapeutic use of cannabis in the US. The Nurse Practitioner, 47(12) (2022)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NPR.0000884880.81603.c5" }, { "author": "Lile, J. A., Alcorn, J. L., Hays, L. R., Kelly, T. H., Stoops, W. W., Wesley, M. J., & Westgate, P. M.", "title": "Influence of Pregabalin Maintenance on Cannabis Effects and Related Behaviors in Daily Cannabis Users. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 30(5) (2022)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000464" }, { "author": "Vázquez, M., Guevara, N., Maldonado, C., Guido, P. C., & Schaiquevich, P.", "title": "Potential Pharmacokinetic Drug‐Drug Interactions between Cannabinoids and Drugs Used for Chronic Pain (2020)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3902740" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "cocaine": { "note": "There is a significant risk of seizures from this combination. Stimulants increase respiration rate, allowing for a higher dose of sedatives than normal. If cocaine wears off first, recreational dosages of pregabalin may overcome the individual and cause respiratory arrest. Both substances at recreational dosages strain the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications. The combination has a greater risk of methemoglobinemia when higher dosages are combined.", "sources": [ { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure: Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N. A., & Livingston, J. H. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti-epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Hunter, L., Gordge, L., Dargan, P. I., & Wood, D. M. (2011)", "title": "Methaemoglobinaemia associated with the use of cocaine and volatile nitrites as recreational drugs: a review. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 72(1), 18–26.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.03950.x" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Lappin, J. M., & Sara, G. E. (2019)", "title": "Psychostimulant use and the brain. Addiction, 114(11), 2065–2077.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/add.14708" }, { "author": "Ludlow, J. T., Wilkerson, R. G., & Nappe, T. M. (2025)", "title": "Methemoglobinemia. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537317/" }, { "author": "Pergolizzi, J. V., Magnusson, P., LeQuang, J. A. K., Breve, F., & Varrassi, G. (n.d.)", "title": "Cocaine and Cardiotoxicity: A Literature Review. Cureus, 13(4), e14594.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.14594" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "dextromethorphan": { "note": "Pregabalin and DXM may increase each other’s effects such as inhibition, dizziness, sedation. At higher doses this can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness. Both drugs have seizure concerns which is greatly increased in combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N. A., & Livingston, J. H. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti-epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Journey, J. D., Agrawal, S., & Stern, E. (2025)", "title": "Dextromethorphan Toxicity. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538502/" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Oh, S., Agrawal, S., Sabir, S., & Taylor, A. (2025)", "title": "Dextromethorphan. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538216/" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "diphenhydramine": { "note": "There is a significant risk of seizures from this combination. The combination is likely to increase each other’s negative side effects, such as nausea, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. At higher dosages, pregabalin is likely to increase diphenhydramine’s deliriant effects, inhibition, and risk of injury. Medical dosages are not reported to be a concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia (2023)", "title": "Diphenhydramine overdose", "url": "https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002636.htm" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "Fakhr, M. S., Motamed Chaboki, P., Ashayeri, H., Sahranavard, P., Mohammadipanah, S., & Zamanabadi, M. N. (2023)", "title": "Comparison of the effects of pregabalin and famotidine with pregabalin and diphenhydramine on postoperative abdominal pain. International Journal of Surgery Open, 58, 100674.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijso.2023.100674" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N. A., & Livingston, J. H. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti-epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Jang, D. H., Manini, A. F., Trueger, N. S., Duque, D., Nestor, N. B., Nelson, L. S., & Hoffman, R. S. (2010)", "title": "Status epilepticus and wide-complex tachycardia secondary to diphenhydramine overdose. Clinical Toxicology, 48(9), 945–948.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2010.527850" }, { "author": "Kim, H., Kim, S. H., & Kim, J. B. (2021)", "title": "Antihistamines as a common cause of new-onset seizures: a single-center observational study. Neurological Sciences: Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 42(6), 2505–2508.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05043-2" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Schifano, F., Chiappini, S., Miuli, A., Mosca, A., Santovito, M. C., Corkery, J. M., Guirguis, A., Pettorruso, M., Di Giannantonio, M., & Martinotti, G. (2021)", "title": "Focus on Over-the-Counter Drugs’ Misuse: A Systematic Review on Antihistamines, Cough Medicines, and Decongestants. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 657397.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.657397" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Wolfson, A. R., Wong, D., Abrams, E. M., Waserman, S., & Sussman, G. L. (2022)", "title": "Diphenhydramine: Time to Move on? The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 10(12), 3124–3130.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2022.07.018" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "dmt": { "note": "Pregabalin may reduce the anxiety and other possible side effects of DMT. Additionally, the combination may increase inhibition, dizziness, and risk of injury.", "sources": [ { "author": "Carbonaro, T. M., & Gatch, M. B. (2016)", "title": "Neuropharmacology of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine. Brain Research Bulletin, 126(Pt 1), 74–88.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.04.016" }, { "author": "Cross, A. L., Viswanath, O., & Sherman, A. L. (2025)", "title": "Pregabalin. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470341/" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "dox": { "note": "Caution should be given due to DOx drugs stimulating effects and pregabalin’s seizure concerns at higher dosages. Pregabalin may reduce the vasoconstriction, anxiety, and other side effects of DOx drugs. Additionally, Pregabalin may increase DOx drugs inhibition and risk of injury.", "sources": [ { "author": "ScienceDirect Topics (n.d.)", "title": "2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine - an overview", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/2-5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine" }, { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Barnett, R. Y., Baker, D. D., Kelly, N. E., McGuire, C. E., Fassette, T. C., & Gorniak, J. M. (2014)", "title": "A Fatal Intoxication of 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Chloroamphetamine: A Case Report. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 38(8), 589–591.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/bku087" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Burish, M. J., Thoren, K. L., Madou, M., Toossi, S., & Shah, M. (2015)", "title": "Hallucinogens Causing Seizures? A Case Report of the Synthetic Amphetamine 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Chloroamphetamine. The Neurohospitalist, 5(1), 32–34.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/1941874414528939" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N. A., & Livingston, J. H. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti-epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Jacob, P., & Shulgin, A. T. (1994)", "title": "Structure-activity relationships of the classic hallucinogens and their analogs. NIDA Research Monograph, 146, 74–91.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8742795/" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Luethi, D., Rudin, D., Hoener, M. C., & Liechti, M. E. (2022)", "title": "Monoamine Receptor and Transporter Interaction Profiles of 4‐Alkyl‐Substituted 2,5‐Dimethoxyamphetamines. The FASEB Journal, 36(S1), fasebj.2022.36.S1.R2691.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.S1.R2691" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Trout, K., & Daley, P. F. (2024)", "title": "The origin of 2,5‐dimethoxy‐4‐methylamphetamine (DOM, STP). Drug Testing and Analysis, 16(12), 1496–1508.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.3667" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "ghb/gbl": { "note": "The two substances potentiate each other strongly and unpredictably, and may rapidly lead to unconsciousness. They both increase each other's side effects such as ataxia, sedation, and CNS depression. Blackout and memory loss risk is significantly increased. If the user falls unconscious while under the influence there is a severe risk of vomit aspiration if they are not placed in the recovery position. There is an increased risk of seizures from this combination.", "sources": [ { "author": "Cagnin, A., Pompanin, S., Manfioli, V., Briani, C., Zambon, A., Saladini, M., & Dam, M. (2011)", "title": "γ-Hydroxybutyric acid-induced psychosis and seizures.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.03.009" }, { "author": "Castelli, M. P., Ferraro, L., Mocci, I., Carta, F., Carai, M. A. M., Antonelli, T., Tanganelli, S., Cignarella, G., & Gessa, G. L. (2003)", "title": "Selective γ‐hydroxybutyric acid receptor ligands increase extracellular glutamate in the hippocampus, but fail to activate G protein and to produce the sedative/hypnotic effect of γ‐hydroxybutyric acid.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02037.x" }, { "author": "Eipe, N., & Penning, J. (2011)", "title": "Postoperative Respiratory Depression Associated with Pregabalin: A Case Series and a Preoperative Decision Algorithm.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/561604" }, { "author": "Elliott, S. P., Burke, T., & Smith, C. (2017)", "title": "Determining the Toxicological Significance of Pregabalin in Fatalities.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.13263" }, { "author": "Evoy, K. E., Sadrameli, S., Contreras, J., Covvey, J. R., Peckham, A. M., & Morrison, M. D. (2021)", "title": "Abuse and Misuse of Pregabalin and Gabapentin: A Systematic Review Update.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-020-01432-7" }, { "author": "Galloway, G. P., Frederick, S. L., Staggers, F. E., Gonzales, M., Stalcup, S. A., & Smith, D. E. (1997)", "title": "Gamma-hydroxybutyrate: an emerging drug of abuse that causes physical dependence.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9060200/" }, { "author": "Le, J. K., & Richards, J. R. (2025a)", "title": "Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate Toxicity. In StatPearls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430781/" }, { "author": "Le, J. K., & Richards, J. R. (2025b)", "title": "Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate Toxicity. In StatPearls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430781/" }, { "author": "Oskouei, Z., Moshiri, M., Raouf-Rahmati, A., Nemati, A., Bemani Naeini, M., Jomehpour, H., Roohbakhsh, A., Salmasi, Z., & Etemad, L. (2025)", "title": "Seizures as an Adverse Effect of Pregabalin Consumption: A Systematic Review.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.34172/ahj.1527" }, { "author": "Venzi, M., Di Giovanni, G., & Crunelli, V. (2014)", "title": "A Critical Evaluation of the Gamma‐Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) Model of Absence Seizures.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/cns.12337" }, { "author": "Winters, W. D., & Spooner, C. E. (1965)", "title": "Various seizure activities following gamma-hydroxybutyrate.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3908(65)90034-1" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "ketamine": { "note": "Pregabalin and ketamine may synergize and increase each other's negative side effects such as nausea, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. Caution is advised for beyond medical dosages due to seizure concerns, and medical dosages for individuals with higher risk seizure profiles and or behavior.", "sources": [ { "author": "Anwar, S., Cooper, J., Rahman, J., Sharma, C., & Langford, R. (2019)", "title": "Prolonged Perioperative Use of Pregabalin and Ketamine to Prevent Persistent Pain after Cardiac Surgery. Anesthesiology, 131(1), 119–131.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000002751" }, { "author": "Arendt-Nielsen, L., Mansikka, H., Staahl, C., Rees, H., Tan, K., Smart, T. S., Monhemius, R., Suzuki, R., & Drewes, A. M. (2011)", "title": "A Translational Study of the Effects of Ketamine and Pregabalin on Temporal Summation of Experimental Pain. Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, 36(6), 585–591.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/AAP.0b013e31822b0db0" }, { "author": "Az, A., & Doğan, Y. (2024)", "title": "Unexpected consequences: A case of ketamine‑induced seizure in procedural sedation. Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine, 24(4), 259–261.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.4103/tjem.tjem_67_24" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben‐Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin Pharmacology and Its Relevance to Clinical Practice. Epilepsia, 45(s6), 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures: A historical-controlled trial. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N., & Livingston, J. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti‐epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kim, J. H., Lee, C. K., Yu, S. H., Min, B. D., Chung, C. E., & Kim, D. C. (2021)", "title": "Ketamine-induced generalized convulsive seizure during procedural sedation. Archives of Craniofacial Surgery, 22(2), 119–121.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7181/acfs.2021.00094" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Martinez, V., Cymerman, A., Ben Ammar, S., Fiaud, J. F., Rapon, C., Poindessous, F., Judet, T., Chauvin, M., Bouhassira, D., Sessler, D., Mazoit, X., & Fletcher, D. (2014)", "title": "The analgesic efficiency of combined pregabalin and ketamine for total hip arthroplasty: a randomised, double‐blind, controlled study. Anaesthesia, 69(1), 46–52.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.12495" }, { "author": "Shehata, I. M., Kohaf, N. A., ElSayed, M. W., Latifi, K., Aboutaleb, A. M., & Kaye, A. D. (2024)", "title": "Ketamine: Pro or antiepileptic agent? A systematic review. Heliyon, 10(2), e24433.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24433" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Zhou, Y., Sun, W., Fu, Y., Wang, J., Fan, J., Liang, Y., Jia, W., & Han, R. (2024)", "title": "Effect of esketamine combined with pregabalin on acute postsurgical pain in patients who underwent resection of spinal neoplasms: a randomized controlled trial. Pain, 165(9), e96–e105.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003211" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "lsd": { "note": "Caution should be given due to LSD’s stimulating effects and pregabalin’s seizure concerns at higher dosages. Pregabalin may reduce the vasoconstriction, anxiety, and other side effects of LSD. Additionally, Pregabalin may increase LSD’s inhibition and risk of injury.", "sources": [ { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Baquiran, M., Keyes, D., & Al Khalili, Y. (2025)", "title": "Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Toxicity. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553216/" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N. A., & Livingston, J. H. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti-epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Soto-Angona, Ó., Fortea, A., Fortea, L., Martínez-Ramírez, M., Santamarina, E., López, F. J. G., Knudsen, G. M., & Ona, G. (2024)", "title": "Do classic psychedelics increase the risk of seizures? A scoping review. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 85, 35–42.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2024.05.002" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "mdma": { "note": "There is a significant risk of seizures from this combination. Amphetamines increase respiration rate allowing for a higher dose of sedatives than normal. If amphetamines wears off first, recreational dosages of pregabalin may overcome the individual and cause respiratory arrest. Both substances at recreational dosages cause strain of the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications. Medical dosages are not reported to be a concern", "sources": [ { "author": "Alo, C., & Kioka, M. J. (2024)", "title": "Rave gone wrong: MDMA- induced medical emergency at electrical daisy carnival. A case report. Toxicology Reports, 13, 101739.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101739" }, { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Christie, D., Yazar-Klosinski, B., Nosova, E., Kryskow, P., Siu, W., Lessor, D., & Argento, E. (2022)", "title": "MDMA-assisted therapy is associated with a reduction in chronic pain among people with post-traumatic stress disorder. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.939302" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Oskouei, Z., Moshiri, M., Raouf-Rahmati, A., Nemati, A., Bemani Naeini, M., Jomehpour, H., Roohbakhsh, A., Salmasi, Z., & Etemad, L. (2025)", "title": "Seizures as an Adverse Effect of Pregabalin Consumption: A Systematic Review. Addiction & Health, 17, 1527.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.34172/ahj.1527" }, { "author": "Rietjens, S. J., Sikma, M. A., Hunault, C. C., De Lange, D. W., & Hondebrink, L. (2022)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning: Evaluation of dose‐toxicity relationship. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 88(3), 1288–1297.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.15073" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Vollenweider, F. X., Gamma, A., Liechti, M., & Huber, T. (1998)", "title": "Psychological and cardiovascular effects and short-term sequelae of MDMA (“ecstasy”) in MDMA-naïve healthy volunteers. Neuropsychopharmacology: Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 19(4), 241–251.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(98)00013-X" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "mephedrone": { "note": "There is a significant risk of seizures from this combination. Mephedrone increases respiration rate allowing for a higher dose of sedatives than normal. If mephedrone wears off first, recreational dosages of pregabalin may overcome the individual and cause respiratory arrest. Both substances at recreational dosages cause strain of the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications.", "sources": [ { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben‐Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin Pharmacology and Its Relevance to Clinical Practice. Epilepsia, 45(s6), 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Dargan, P. I., Sedefov, R., Gallegos, A., & Wood, D. M. (2011)", "title": "The pharmacology and toxicology of the synthetic cathinone mephedrone (4‐methylmethcathinone). Drug Testing and Analysis, 3(7–8), 454–463.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.312" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures: A historical-controlled trial. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N., & Livingston, J. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti‐epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Altair. (n.d)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kehr, J., Ichinose, F., Yoshitake, S., Goiny, M., Sievertsson, T., Nyberg, F., & Yoshitake, T. (2011)", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats: Mephedrone increases both DA and 5-HT in rat brain. British Journal of Pharmacology, 164(8), 1949–1958.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Meng, H., Cao, J., Kang, J., Ying, X., Ji, J., Reynolds, W., & Rampe, D. (2012)", "title": "Mephedrone, a new designer drug of abuse, produces acute hemodynamic effects in the rat. Toxicology Letters, 208(1), 62–68.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.010" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "mescaline": { "note": "Caution should be given due to mescaline’s stimulating effects and pregabalin’s seizure concerns at higher dosages. Pregabalin may reduce the vasoconstriction, anxiety, and other side effects of mescaline. Additionally, Pregabalin may increase mescaline’s inhibition and risk of injury.", "sources": [ { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "Freidel, N., Kreuder, L., Rabinovitch, B. S., Chen, F. Y., Huang, R. S. T., & Lewis, E. C. (2024)", "title": "Psychedelics, epilepsy, and seizures: a review. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1326815" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures: A historical-controlled trial. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N. A., & Livingston, J. H. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti-epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Simonsson, O., Goldberg, S. B., Chambers, R., Osika, W., Long, D. M., & Hendricks, P. S. (2022)", "title": "Prevalence and associations of classic psychedelic-related seizures in a population-based sample. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 239, 109586.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109586" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Soto-Angona, Ó., Fortea, A., Fortea, L., Martínez-Ramírez, M., Santamarina, E., López, F. J. G., Knudsen, G. M., & Ona, G. (2024)", "title": "Do classic psychedelics increase the risk of seizures? A scoping review. European Neuropsychopharmacology: The Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 85, 35–42.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2024.05.002" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "mushrooms": { "note": "Pregabalin may reduce the anxiety and other possible side effects of Psilocybin Mushrooms. Additionally, the combination may increase inhibition, dizziness, and risk of injury.", "sources": [ { "author": "Cross, A. L., Viswanath, O., & Sherman, A. L. (2025)", "title": "Pregabalin. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470341/" }, { "author": "ScienceDirect Topics. (n.d.)", "title": "Psilocybin - an overview", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/psilocybin" } ], "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "mxe": { "note": "Pregabalin and MXE may synergize and increase each other’s negative side effects such as nausea, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. Caution is advised for anything above low dosages due to seizure concerns, and all dosages for individuals with higher risk seizure profiles and or behavior.", "sources": [ { "author": "Anwar, S., Cooper, J., Rahman, J., Sharma, C., & Langford, R. (2019)", "title": "Prolonged Perioperative Use of Pregabalin and Ketamine to Prevent Persistent Pain after Cardiac Surgery. Anesthesiology, 131(1), 119–131.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000002751" }, { "author": "Arendt-Nielsen, L., Mansikka, H., Staahl, C., Rees, H., Tan, K., Smart, T. S., Monhemius, R., Suzuki, R., & Drewes, A. M. (2011)", "title": "A Translational Study of the Effects of Ketamine and Pregabalin on Temporal Summation of Experimental Pain: Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 36(6), 585–591.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/AAP.0b013e31822b0db0" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben‐Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin Pharmacology and Its Relevance to Clinical Practice. Epilepsia, 45(s6), 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures: A historical-controlled trial. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N., & Livingston, J. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti‐epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–552.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Marti, M., Talani, G., Miliano, C., Bilel, S., Biggio, F., Bratzu, J., Diana, M., De Luca, M. A., & Fattore, L. (2021)", "title": "New insights into methoxetamine mechanisms of action: Focus on serotonergic 5-HT2 receptors in pharmacological and behavioral effects in the rat. Experimental Neurology, 345, 113836.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113836" }, { "author": "Martinez, V., Cymerman, A., Ben Ammar, S., Fiaud, J. F., Rapon, C., Poindessous, F., Judet, T., Chauvin, M., Bouhassira, D., Sessler, D., Mazoit, X., & Fletcher, D. (2014)", "title": "The analgesic efficiency of combined pregabalin and ketamine for total hip arthroplasty: a randomised, double‐blind, controlled study. Anaesthesia, 69(1), 46–52.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.12495" }, { "author": "Roth, B. L., Gibbons, S., Arunotayanun, W., Huang, X.-P., Setola, V., Treble, R., & Iversen, L. (2013)", "title": "The Ketamine Analogue Methoxetamine and 3- and 4-Methoxy Analogues of Phencyclidine Are High Affinity and Selective Ligands for the Glutamate NMDA Receptor. PLoS ONE, 8(3), e59334.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059334" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Zhou, Y., Sun, W., Fu, Y., Wang, J., Fan, J., Liang, Y., Jia, W., & Han, R. (2024)", "title": "Effect of esketamine combined with pregabalin on acute postsurgical pain in patients who underwent resection of spinal neoplasms: a randomized controlled trial. Pain, 165(9), e96–e105.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003211" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "nbomes": { "note": "NBOMes and pregabalin are reported to have significant seizure concerns that are likely to increase in combination. Therapeutic dosages of pregabalin are unlikely to be of concern and may decrease NBOMes side effects such as vasoconstriction and anxiety.", "sources": [ { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N. A., & Livingston, J. H. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti-epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Kyriakou, C., Marinelli, E., Frati, P., Santurro, A., Afxentiou, M., Zaami, S., & Busardo, F. P. (2015)", "title": "NBOMe: new potent hallucinogens--pharmacology, analytical methods, toxicities, fatalities: a review. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 19(17), 3270–3281.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26400534/" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Zawilska, J. B., Kacela, M., & Adamowicz, P. (2020)", "title": "NBOMes–Highly Potent and Toxic Alternatives of LSD. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 14, 78.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00078" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "nitrous": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other, and may increase the risk of loss of consciousness at higher dosages. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. The combination may increase inhibition and risk of injury. Additionally, abuse of nitrous while under the influence of pregabalin may increase the risk of seizures. Medical dosages are unlikely to be a concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Barker-Haliski, M., & White, H. S. (2015)", "title": "Glutamatergic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures and Epilepsy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 5(8), a022863.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a022863" }, { "author": "Ben‐Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin Pharmacology and Its Relevance to Clinical Practice. Epilepsia, 45(s6), 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Cross, A. L., Viswanath, O., & Sherman, A. L. (2025)", "title": "Pregabalin. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470341/" }, { "author": "Davidson, L. T. (2023)", "title": "Recreational use of nitrous oxide causes seizure, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and pneumopericardium: nitrous oxide and its harm, a case report. Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, 128, 10.48101/ujms.v128.10281.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.48101/ujms.v128.10281" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures: A historical-controlled trial. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Gayatri, N., & Livingston, J. (2006)", "title": "Aggravation of epilepsy by anti‐epileptic drugs. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 48(5), 394–398.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206000843" }, { "author": "Hitchings, A. W. (2016)", "title": "Drugs that lower the seizure threshold. Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin, 298(1), 1151–1154.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/FAD.0000000000000016" }, { "author": "Isoardi, K. Z., Polkinghorne, G., Harris, K., & Isbister, G. K. (2020)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning and rising recreational use: a retrospective observational series. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(12), 2435–2440.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14348" }, { "author": "Knuf, K., & Maani, C. V. (2025)", "title": "Nitrous Oxide. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532922/" }, { "author": "Kumar, N., Laferriere, A., Yu, J. S. C., Leavitt, A., & Coderre, T. J. (2010)", "title": "Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of Neurochemistry, 113(2), 552–561.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" }, { "author": "Wagner, S., Clark, M., Wesche, D., Doedens, D., & Lloyd, A. (1992)", "title": "Asphyxial Deaths from the Recreational Use of Nitrous Oxide. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 37(4), 1008–1015.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1520/JFS13286J" } ], "status": "Caution" }, "opioids": { "sources": [ { "author": "Eckhardt, K., Ammon, S., Hofmann, U., Riebe, A., Gugeler, N., & Mikus, G. (2000)", "title": "Gabapentin enhances the analgesic effect of morphine in healthy volunteers. Anesthesia and Analgesia, 91(1), 185–191.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200007000-00035" }, { "author": "Eipe, N., & Penning, J. (2011)", "title": "Postoperative respiratory depression associated with pregabalin: A case series and a preoperative decision algorithm. Pain Research & Management: The Journal of the Canadian Pain Society, 16(5), 353–356.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/561604" }, { "author": "Elliott, S. P., Burke, T., & Smith, C. (2017)", "title": "Determining the Toxicological Significance of Pregabalin in Fatalities. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 62(1), 169–173.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.13263" }, { "author": "Evoy, K. E., Sadrameli, S., Contreras, J., Covvey, J. R., Peckham, A. M., & Morrison, M. D. (2021)", "title": "Abuse and Misuse of Pregabalin and Gabapentin: A Systematic Review Update. Drugs, 81(1), 125–156.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-020-01432-7" }, { "author": "Gomes, T., Juurlink, D. N., Antoniou, T., Mamdani, M. M., Paterson, J. M., & Brink, W. van den. (2017)", "title": "Gabapentin, opioids, and the risk of opioid-related death: A population-based nested case–control study. PLOS Medicine, 14(10), e1002396.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002396" }, { "author": "Lyndon, A., Audrey, S., Wells, C., Burnell, E. S., Ingle, S., Hill, R., Hickman, M., & Henderson, G. (2017)", "title": "Risk to heroin users of polydrug use of pregabalin or gabapentin: Risks in combining gabapentoids with heroin. Addiction, 112(9), 1580–1589.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13843" }, { "author": "Peckham, A. M., Evoy, K. E., Covvey, J. R., Ochs, L., Fairman, K. A., & Sclar, D. A. (2018)", "title": "Predictors of Gabapentin Overuse With or Without Concomitant Opioids in a Commercially Insured U.S. Population. Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, 38(4), 436–443.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2096" }, { "author": "Research, C. for D. E. and. (2020)", "title": "FDA warns about serious breathing problems with seizure and nerve pain medicines gabapentin (Neurontin, Gralise, Horizant) and pregabalin (Lyrica, Lyrica CR). FDA.", "url": "https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-warns-about-serious-breathing-problems-seizure-and-nerve-pain-medicines-gabapentin-neurontin" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "tramadol": { "note": "There is a significant risk of seizures. Both substances are CNS depressants, potentiating each other strongly and unpredictably, raising the chances of memory loss, severe ataxia, and unconsciousness. The interaction will cause greater inhibition and risk of injury. If the user falls unconscious it is strongly recommended to put them into the recovery position and monitor breathing. Medical dosages are not reported to be a concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Boostani, R., & Derakhshan, S. (2012)", "title": "Tramadol induced seizure: A 3-year study. Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine, 3(3), 484–487.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24009919/" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Hassamal, S., Miotto, K., Dale, W., & Danovitch, I. (2018)", "title": "Tramadol: Understanding the Risk of Serotonin Syndrome and Seizures. The American Journal of Medicine, 131(11), 1382.e1-1382.e6.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.04.025" }, { "author": "Lyndon, A., Audrey, S., Wells, C., Burnell, E. S., Ingle, S., Hill, R., Hickman, M., & Henderson, G. (2017)", "title": "Risk to heroin users of polydrug use of pregabalin or gabapentin: Risks in combining gabapentoids with heroin. Addiction, 112(9), 1580–1589.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13843" }, { "author": "Rietjens, S. J., Sikma, M. A., Hunault, C. C., De Lange, D. W., & Hondebrink, L. (2022)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning: Evaluation of dose‐toxicity relationship. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 88(3), 1288–1297.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.15073" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" } ], "status": "Unsafe" } }, "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "300-600mg", "Light": "150-300mg", "Strong": "600-900mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-14" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "90-150" }, "name": "pregabalin", "pretty_name": "Pregabalin", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "lyrica", "pregablin" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Light: 150-300mg Common: 300-600mg Strong: 600-900mg", "duration": "6-14 hours (dependant on dose)", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "90-150 minutes.", "summary": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) is a GABA derivative that is used to treat neuropathic pain, seizures, and anxiety. Pregabalin independently has seizure concerns at higher dosages and concerns at lower dosages with preexisting risk factors and conditions." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_enhancement", "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Colour enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Colour_enhancement", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Empathy, love, and sociability enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Empathy,_love,_and_sociability_enhancement", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle spasms": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_spasms", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Seizure suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Seizure_suppression", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Pregabalin reduces cocaine self-administration and relapse to cocaine seeking in the rat - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22734646" ] } }, "prl-8-53": { "aliases": [ "prl853" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "nootropic", "tentative" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: It is strongly recommend to start with low dosages and increase slowly.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "3-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg+", "Threshold": "2-3mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4", "Oral": "4-6", "Sublingual": "3-5" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_PRL853.shtml" }, "name": "prl-8-53", "pretty_name": "PRL-8-53", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "prl853" ], "categories": [ "research-chemical", "nootropic", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral: 2-3mg Low: 3-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg+ | NOTE: It is strongly recommend to start with low dosages and increase slowly.", "duration": "Oral: 4-6 hours | Sublingual: 3-5 hours | Insufflated: 2-4 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 30 minutes. | Sublingual: 15 minutes. | Insufflated: 5 minutes.", "summary": "A nootropic research chemical first synthesized in the 1970's. There is a single clinical study showing drastic improvement in mid-term memory among users, but otherwise it is severely under researched and caution should be given to any singular study. The reportedly does not have recreational value." } }, "pro-lad": { "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-150ug", "Light": "50-100ug", "Strong": "150-200ug." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-45" }, "name": "pro-lad", "pretty_name": "PRO-LAD", "properties": { "categories": [ "tentative", "psychedelic" ], "dose": "Light: 50-100ug Common: 100-150ug Strong: 150-200ug.", "duration": "6-10 hours.", "onset": "30-45 minutes.", "summary": "A rare lysergamide that is slightly less potent than LSD with a shorter duration of action." } }, "prolintane": { "aliases": [ "catovit", "promotil", "villescon" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Light": "10-15", "Strong": "30-50mg+", "Threshold": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "prolintane", "pretty_name": "Prolintane", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "catovit", "promotil", "villescon" ], "avoid": "Other stimulants.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Threshold: 5-10mg Light: 10-15 Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-50mg+", "duration": "3-6 hours depending on dosages", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "A stimulant drug which is a dopamine reuptake inhibitor related to MDPV and pyrovalerone. The drug was first developed in the 1950's and there are many reported cases of abuse for this drug." } }, "promethazine": { "categories": [ "common" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: The drug has deliriant effects at higher dosages.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "0-3" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-75mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "promethazine", "pretty_name": "Promethazine", "properties": { "after-effects": "0-3 hours.", "categories": [ "common" ], "dose": "Common: 25-75mg's. | NOTE: The drug has deliriant effects at higher dosages.", "duration": "4-8 hours.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "A first generation antihistamine, which possesses anticholinergic, strong sedative and antipsychotic properties. The drug was commonly used as a treatment for psychosis, and is now more typically used as a component of codeine cough syrups as an anti-nausea agent." } }, "propofol": { "aliases": [ "milk-of-amnesia", "diprivan" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": " Note: These dosages are extremely tentative. The drug has a high risk outside of medical settings, extensive research is strongly recommended.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Intravenous": "1-3" }, "formatted_dose": { "Intravenous": { "Common": "30-60mg", "Light": "10-30mg", "Strong": "60-100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "Intravenous": "10-20" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Intravenous": "0-2" }, "name": "propofol", "pretty_name": "Propofol", "properties": { "after-effects": "Intravenous: 1-3 hours.", "aliases": [ "milk-of-amnesia", "diprivan" ], "avoid": "If in a non-hospital setting, nearly all substances should be avoided. If one is to use this drug outside of a medical setting, it is strongly recommended having another experienced individual in-person to monitor ones pulse and breathing among other concerns. If your pulse drops below 50, or if you are taking less than 10 breaths per minute, it is strongly recommended to call an ambulance. In some cases the user's body may be discoloured, in which case they are likely unconscious.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Intravenously Light: 10-30mg Common: 30-60mg Strong: 60-100mg | Note: These dosages are extremely tentative. The drug has a high risk outside of medical settings, extensive research is strongly recommended.", "duration": "Intravenous: 10-20 minutes.", "experiences": "https://www.reddit.com/r/Drugs/comments/56n5vq/michael_jackson_the_addict/d8l0qe7", "onset": "Intravenous: 0-2 minutes.", "summary": "A very short-acting sedative that is usually given at the start of general anesthesia and for maintenance of the prior. This drug is extremely dangerous to use outside of medical settings If one is to use this drug outside of a medical setting, it is strongly recommended having another experienced individual in-person to monitor ones pulse and breathing among other concerns." } }, "propoxyphene": { "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "65-100", "Light": "30-65mg", "Strong": "100-200mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-3" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-30" }, "name": "propoxyphene", "pretty_name": "Propoxyphene", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-6 hours.", "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 30-65mg Common: 65-100 Strong: 100-200mg. NOTE: The drug is reported to have a high risk factor and is considered extremely dangerous.", "duration": "1-3 hours.", "onset": "20-30 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is an analgesic in the opioid family. It is intended for mild pain and for its antitussive effects. The drug has been taken off the market in Europe and the US due to concerns of fatal overdoses and heart arrhythmias." } }, "propranolol": { "aliases": [ "inderal", "hemangeol", "innopran" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "40-80mg", "Light": "10-30mg", "Strong": "80-140mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-7" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-45" }, "name": "propranolol", "pretty_name": "Propranolol", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "inderal", "hemangeol", "innopran" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-30mg Common: 40-80mg Strong: 80-140mg.", "duration": "3-7 hours.", "onset": "10-45 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is a nonselective beta blocker. It is used in medication for high blood pressure, anxiety, and tremors." } }, "propylhexedrine": { "aliases": [ "benzedrex", "propylhexadrine", "hexahdromethamphetamine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose_note": " Note: There are potency differences between pure HCl and cottons.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-16" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "30-75mg", "Light": "10-30mg", "Strong": "75-100mg+" }, "Insufflated(Pure)": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Light": "5-15mg", "Strong": "30-50mg+" }, "Oral(Benzedrex)": { "Common": "60-125mg", "Heavy": "250mg+", "Light": "20-60mg", "Strong": "125-250mg" }, "Oral(Pure)": { "Common": "20-50mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "50mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-8" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral": "5-15" }, "name": "propylhexedrine", "pretty_name": "Propylhexedrine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-16 hours.", "aliases": [ "benzedrex", "propylhexadrine", "hexahdromethamphetamine" ], "avoid": "Stimulants due to side effect concerns such as heart rate.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Oral(Pure) Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-50mg Strong: 50mg+ | Insufflated(Pure) Light: 5-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-50mg+ | Oral (Benzedrex) Light: 20-60mg Common: 60-125mg Strong: 125-250mg Heavy: 250mg+ | Insufflated (Benzedrex) Light: 10-30mg's Common: 30-75mg's Strong: 75-100mg+ | Note: There are potency differences between pure HCl and cottons.", "duration": "4-8 hours", "onset": "Oral: 5-15 minutes | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "A relatively common CNS stimulant sold over the counter in Benzedrex inhalers." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "A drug toxicity death involving propylhexedrine and mitragynine. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21219704" ] } }, "propylphenidate": { "aliases": [ "pph" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-60mg", "Heavy": "100mg+", "Light": "15-25mg", "Strong": "60-100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1.5-3" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-25" }, "name": "propylphenidate", "pretty_name": "Propylphenidate", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "pph" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 15-25mg Common: 25-60mg Strong: 60-100mg Heavy: 100mg+", "duration": "1.5-3 hours.", "onset": "15-25 minutes.", "summary": "Propylphenidate is a short-acting stimulant." } }, "proscaline": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-5" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "30-40mg", "Light": "15-30mg", "Strong": "40-60mg", "Threshold": "15mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "name": "proscaline", "pretty_name": "Proscaline", "properties": { "after-effects": "3-5 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Threshold: 15mg's Light: 15-30mg's Common: 30-40mg's Strong: 40-60mg's", "duration": "6-12 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "30-60 minutes", "summary": "An uncommon psychedelic stimulant phenethylamine and analogue of mescaline with reportedly similar effects. The drug is roughly 5-7 times more potent than mescaline by weight." } }, "pseudoephedrine": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "common" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "60-90mg.", "Light": "30-60mg.", "Strong": "90-120mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Pseudoephedrine.shtml" }, "name": "pseudoephedrine", "pretty_name": "Pseudoephrine", "properties": { "avoid": "If one is prone to or has a pre-exisiting condition relating to the heart.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 30-60mg. Common: 60-90mg. Strong: 90-120mg.", "duration": "2-12 hours.", "onset": "10-90 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is widely sold as a decongestant and is one isomer of ephedrine. The drug reportedly lacks in recreational effects. It is used in the synthesis of methcathinone and methamphetamine." } }, "psilocin": { "aliases": [ "4-ho-dmt", "4-oh-dmt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "empathogen", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "10-15mg" }, "Oral": { "Common": "10-15mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "15-25mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4", "Oral": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral": "15-30" }, "name": "psilocin", "pretty_name": "Psilocin", "properties": { "after-effects": "3-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "4-ho-dmt", "4-oh-dmt" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative", "empathogen", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-15mg Strong: 15-25mg | Insufflated Light: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-15mg", "duration": "Oral: 3-6 hours | Insufflated: 2-4 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "Psilocin is a substutued tryptamine alkaloid that is present in most psilocybin mushrooms. It is relatively unstable in solution due to the -OH group." } }, "pst": { "aliases": [ "poppy-seed-tea", "poppy-tea" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-30" }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "8-24" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-90" }, "name": "pst", "pretty_name": "PST", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-30 hours.", "aliases": [ "poppy-seed-tea", "poppy-tea" ], "avoid": "All CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "duration": "Oral: 8-24 hours. | Note: Higher doses will typically last roughly 18-24 hours. Lower doses are reported to last shorter periods of time.", "note": "The doses of this are very inconsistent. Use with caution.", "onset": "30-90 minutes.", "summary": "Poppy tea can be made from poppy pods, stalks, and seeds. It contains various opium alkaloids primarily including morphine, as well as codeine and among others. There is great variation in poppy tea potency and therefore doses are indicated for opioid naive users. There are many reports of overdoses due to inconsistent, unpredicable, dosing." } }, "pv-8": { "aliases": [ "a-phpp" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "4-8", "Oral": "6-12", "Vapourized": "2-5" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-40mg", "Heavy": "60+mg.", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "40-60mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-5", "Oral": "3-6", "Vapourized": "0.5-1.5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral": "15-45", "Vapourized": "1-2" }, "name": "pv-8", "pretty_name": "PV-8", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 6-12 hours | Insufflated: 4-8 hours | Vapourized: 2-5 hours.", "aliases": [ "a-phpp" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-40mg Strong: 40-60mg Heavy: 60+mg.", "duration": "Oral: 3-6 hours | Insufflated: 2-5 hours. | Vapourized: 0.5-1.5 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-45 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes | Vapourized: 1-2 minutes.", "summary": "Stimulant of the pyrrolidinophenone class that is a higher homologue of α-PHP. Reportedly less potent and less effects." } }, "pv-9": { "categories": [ "inactive" ], "name": "pv-9", "pretty_name": "PV-9", "properties": { "categories": [ "inactive" ], "summary": "Inactive." } }, "pv-10": { "categories": [ "inactive" ], "name": "pv-10", "pretty_name": "PV-10", "properties": { "categories": [ "inactive" ], "summary": "Reportedly inactive." } }, "pyrazolam": { "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "2-3mg", "Light": "1-2mg", "Strong": "3-4mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "3-5", "Oral": "5-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5", "Oral": "10-15" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Pyrazolam.shtml" }, "name": "pyrazolam", "pretty_name": "Pyrazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 1-2mg Common: 2-3mg Strong: 3-4mg's.", "dose_to_diazepam": "Pyrazolam - 1-2mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "Oral: 5-8 hours. | Insufflated: 3-5 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia.", "onset": "Oral: 10-15 minutes. | Insufflated: 5 minutes.", "summary": "Research chemical benzodiazepine discovered by Hoffman-LaRoche in the 1970's. It has been reported to be sold on the research chemical market in the early 2010's. At lower doses it acts mainly as an anxiolytic compound, and at higher doses it has been reported to have sedating, hypnotic, amnesic effects while also lowering inhibitions. The drug is structurally similar to alprazolam, bromazepam, and triazolam. The drug is 12x as potent as diazepam." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" } }, "pyrophenidone": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-3" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "40-60mg", "Heavy": "90mg+", "Light": "20-40mg", "Strong": "60-90mg" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "10-25mg", "Heavy": "50mg+.", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "25-50mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-3", "Vapourized": "1-1.5" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-15", "Vapourized": "1-30" }, "name": "pyrophenidone", "pretty_name": "Pyrophenidone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-3 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Vapourized Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-25mg Strong: 25-50mg Heavy: 50mg+. | Insufflated Light: 20-40mg Common: 40-60mg Strong: 60-90mg Heavy: 90mg+", "duration": "Vapourized: 1-1.5 hours | Insufflated: 1-3 hours", "onset": "Vapourized 1-30 seconds. | Insufflated 5-15 minutes.", "summary": "An NDRI pyrovalerone derivative reported to have similar subjective effects to pyrovalerone. There is very limited information on the drug, further research is strongly recommended." } }, "quazepam": { "aliases": [ "doral" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-15mg.", "Light": "7.5-10mg", "Strong": "15-30mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "quazepam", "pretty_name": "Quazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "doral" ], "bioavailability": "Oral 29-35%", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 7.5-10mg Common: 10-15mg. Strong: 15-30mg.", "dose_to_diazepam": "Quazepam - 20mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "6-12 hours.", "onset": "10-30 minutes.", "summary": "Benzodiazepine derivate drug, Doral is prescribed for short-term treatment of insomnia and sleep maintenance. It's method of action is reportedly similar to zolpedim and zaleplon (and substitutes) when tested in animal studies." } }, "quetiapine": { "aliases": [ "seroquel" ], "categories": [ "depressant" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50mg-150mg", "Heavy": "300mg-800mg", "Light": "25mg-50mg", "Strong": "150mg-300mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "7-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "sedation", "dizziness", "fatigue", "constipation", "dry mouth", "headache", "appetite change", "increased blood pressure" ], "name": "quetiapine", "pretty_name": "Quetiapine", "properties": { "adverse-effects": "dizziness, fatigue, extrapyramidal symptoms, increased diastolic blood pressure, increased triglycerides, increased total cholesterol, increased appetite, constipation, dry mouth, headache, somnolence", "after-effects": "The drug may last up to 24 hours.", "aliases": [ "seroquel" ], "categories": [ "depressant" ], "chemistry": "IUPAC: 2-(2-(4-dibenzo[b,f][1,4]thiazepin-11-yl-1-piperazinyl)ethoxy)ethanol | Formula: C21H25N3O2S | Molecular Mass: 383.5099 g/mol | Solubility in Water: 3.29 mg/mL (20 °C)", "contraindications": "apomorphine, bromocriptine, cabergoline, carbamazepine, cimetidine, clarithromycin, dabrafenib, dopamine, erythromycin, idelalisib, itraconazole, ivacaftor, ketoconazole, levodopa, lisuride, mefloquine, methyldopa, nefazodone, ondansetron, panobinostat, pramipexole, rifabutin, rifampin, ropinirole, sodium oxybate, st. john's wort, vilanterol, and vemurafenib", "dose": "Oral Light: 25mg-50mg Common: 50mg-150mg Strong: 150mg-300mg Heavy: 300mg-800mg", "duration": "7-12 hours.", "effects": "sedation, dizziness, fatigue, constipation, dry mouth, headache, appetite change, increased blood pressure", "legal": "Australia: Prescription Only (S4) | United Kingdom: POM | United States: Prescription only", "onset": "Oral IR: 15-30 minutes. Oral XR: 30-60 minutes.", "overdose-symptoms": "sedation, hypotension, tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmia, coma, and death", "pharmacology": "D1, D2, D3, and D4 receptor antagonist; 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist; 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, and 5-HT7 receptor antagonist; α1-adrenergic and α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist; H1 receptor antagonist; mACh receptor antagonist", "summary": "An atypical antipsychotic medication under the brand name Seroquel. Used to treat insomnia and mood swings among other uses. The drug is reported to be very sedating and can stop/slow down psychedelic drug trips. Reports of abuse are rare." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Analysis suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Analysis_suppression", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Creativity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Creativity_suppression", "Dehydration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dehydration", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Dream potentiation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dream_potentiation", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "Headaches": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Headaches", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Language suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Language_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" } }, "rilmazafone": { "aliases": [ "rhythmy" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg", "Light": ".5-1mg", "Strong": "2-4mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-8" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "name": "rilmazafone", "pretty_name": "Rilmazafone", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-12 hours", "aliases": [ "rhythmy" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: .5-1mg Common: 1-2mg Strong: 2-4mg+", "duration": "6-8 hours. ", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia.", "onset": "30-60 minutes", "summary": "The drug is prescribed in Japan for insomnia. The drug, also known as Rhythmy, is a benzodiazepine pro-drug which while inactive itself, is metabolised into the active compound in-vivo. The drug is soluble in water." } }, "rolicyclidine": { "aliases": [ "pcpy" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "4-8mg", "Light": "2-4mg", "Strong": "8mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "30", "Oral": "30-60" }, "name": "rolicyclidine", "pretty_name": "Rolicyclidine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "pcpy" ], "avoid": "All CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 2-4mg Common: 4-8mg Strong: 8mg+", "duration": "2-6 hours", "onset": "Oral: 30-60 minutes | Insufflated 30 minutes.", "summary": "Rolicyclidine, also known as PCPy, is a dissociative with effects similar to PCP. The drug is reported to have less stimulating effects than PCP while keeping similarities with hallucinogenic and sedative effects. In this sense, it has been anecdotally reported to be more similar to opioids regarding effects, or other central nervous system depressants." } }, "ronlax": { "aliases": [ "ethyl-loflazepate", "meilax", "victan" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1-2mg", "Light": "0.5-1mg", "Strong": "2-4mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "8-16" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-90" }, "name": "ronlax", "pretty_name": "Ronlax", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "ethyl-loflazepate", "meilax", "victan" ], "avoid": "All CNS depressants. The antidepressant fluvoxamine (Luvox) may potentiate the adverse effects.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 0.5-1mg Common: 1-2mg Strong: 2-4mg.", "duration": "8-16 hours.", "onset": "45-90 minutes.", "summary": "A benzodiazepine derivative that posses the common benzodiazepine effects such as sedation, amnesia, and hypnotic effects. It has a long half life (51-103 hours) and metabolizes into an active compound (descarboxyloflazepate). The drug is commercialized in Mexico." } }, "rti-111": { "aliases": [ "dichloropane" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose_note": "Note, the drug is reportedly painful to insufflate. The duration between oral and insufflation are roughly around the same.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-40mg." }, "Oral": { "Common": "15-30mg", "Light": "10-15mg", "Strong": "30-50mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-4", "Oral": "2-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-15", "Oral": "10-30" }, "name": "rti-111", "pretty_name": "RTI-111", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "dichloropane" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-15mg Common: 15-30mg Strong: 30-50mg | Insufflated Light: 5-10mg Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-40mg. | Note, the drug is reportedly painful to insufflate. The duration between oral and insufflation are roughly around the same.", "duration": "Oral: 2-4 hours. | Insufflated: 2-4 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 10-30 minutes. | Insufflated 5-15 minutes.", "summary": "Stimulant of the phenyltropane class that acts as a SNDRI. The drug is suspected to have slightly slower onset and slightly longer duration than its parent compound cocaine. The drug is the tropane analogue of 3,4-CTMP." } }, "salvia": { "categories": [ "dissociative", "deliriant", "depressant", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-20" }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "Smoked": "5-30", "Sublingual": "30-60" }, "formatted_effects": [ "radical shift in perspective and perception", "creative dreamlike experience", "increase in sensual and aesthetic appreciation", "introspective insight", "powerful closed/open eye visuals", "general change in consciousness", "dissociation", "panic", "perspiration", "inability to control muscles" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Smoked": "0-2", "Sublingual": "10-20" }, "name": "salvia", "pretty_name": "Salvia", "properties": { "after-effects": "15-20 minutes", "categories": [ "dissociative", "deliriant", "depressant", "common" ], "duration": "Sublingual: 30-60 minutes | Smoked: 5-30 minutes", "effects": "radical shift in perspective and perception, creative dreamlike experience, increase in sensual and aesthetic appreciation, introspective insight, powerful closed/open eye visuals, general change in consciousness, dissociation, panic, perspiration, inability to control muscles", "onset": "Sublingual: 10-20 minutes | Smoked: 0-2 minutes", "summary": "A plant which, when smoked, causes short but very intense psychedelic experience. It is considered physically safe, though users of high dosages often experience bizarre, other-worldly scenarios which may be confusing or terrifying. Caution is highly recommended." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Auditory distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_distortion", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Changes in felt bodily form": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Changes_in_felt_bodily_form", "Changes in gravity": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Changes_in_gravity", "Cognitive dysphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_dysphoria", "Depth perception distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depth_perception_distortions", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Environmental cubism": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Environmental_cubism", "Feelings of impending doom": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Feelings_of_impending_doom", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Language suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Language_suppression", "Laughter": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Laughter", "Machinescapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Machinescapes", "Memory suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Memory_suppression", "Perspective distortions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_distortions", "Scenery slicing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenery_slicing", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Synaesthesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Synaesthesia", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Transformations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Transformations", "Unity and interconnectedness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unity_and_interconnectedness", "Visual disconnection#Structures": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_disconnection#Structures" } }, "scopolamine": { "categories": [ "deliriant", "tentative" ], "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Scopolamine.shtml" }, "name": "scopolamine", "pretty_name": "Scopolamine", "properties": { "avoid": "One of the active substances in datura, caution is strongly recommended with this drug.", "categories": [ "deliriant", "tentative" ], "summary": "The main active compound in datura. Medium and high doses may have significant negative side effects and can cause extreme deliriant hallucinations. Caution is strongly recommended." }, "pweffects": { "Abnormal heartbeat": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Abnormal_heartbeat", "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "After images": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/After_images", "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Auditory enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Autonomous entities": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Autonomous_entities", "Cognitive dysphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_dysphoria", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Dream potentiation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dream_potentiation", "Drifting": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Drifting", "Emotion suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Emotion_suppression", "External hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/External_hallucinations", "Frequent urination": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Frequent_urination", "Increased heart rate": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Increased_heart_rate", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Internal hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Internal_hallucinations", "Language suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Language_suppression", "Muscle cramps": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_cramps", "Muscle spasms": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_spasms", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Paranoia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Paranoia", "Pattern recognition suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_suppression", "Perception of increased weight": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perception_of_increased_weight", "Peripheral information misinterpretation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Peripheral_information_misinterpretation", "Perspective alterations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Perspective_alterations", "Photophobia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Photophobia", "Psychosis": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Psychosis", "Pupil dilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_dilation", "Restless leg syndrome": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Restless_leg_syndrome", "Scenarios and plots": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Scenarios_and_plots", "Settings, sceneries, and landscapes": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Settings,_sceneries,_and_landscapes", "Shadow people": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Shadow_people", "Spontaneous tactile sensations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Spontaneous_tactile_sensations", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Thought disorganization": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_disorganization", "Time distortion": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Time_distortion", "Unspeakable horrors": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Unspeakable_horrors", "Vibrating vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Vibrating_vision", "Visual haze": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_haze" } }, "secobarbital": { "aliases": [ "seconal" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "barbiturate" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-150mg", "Light": "25-50mg", "Strong": "150-300mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "secobarbital", "pretty_name": "Secobarbital", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "seconal" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "barbiturate" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 25-50mg Common: 50-150mg Strong: 150-300mg", "duration": "6-10 hours.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "A barbiturate derivative that is reported to have amnesic, hypnotic, and sedative properties, along with having similarties to other barbiturates. The drug is used in the treatment of epilepsy, short-term treatment for insomnia, and a preoperative medication for anaesthesia and anxiolysis for short surgical/diagnostic/therapeutic procedures." } }, "sertraline": { "aliases": [ "zoloft", "lustral" ], "categories": [ "ssri" ], "name": "sertraline", "pretty_name": "Sertraline", "properties": { "aliases": [ "zoloft", "lustral" ], "categories": [ "ssri" ] } }, "sinicuichi": { "aliases": [ "sini", "shrubby-yellowcrest", "sun-opener", "heimia-salicifolia", "willow-leaf-heimia" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative" ], "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "1-5" }, "name": "sinicuichi", "pretty_name": "Sinicuichi", "properties": { "aliases": [ "sini", "shrubby-yellowcrest", "sun-opener", "heimia-salicifolia", "willow-leaf-heimia" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "tentative" ], "duration": "15-45 minutes.", "onset": "1-5 minutes.", "summary": "A perennial shrub with small narrow leaves and yellow flowers growing up to ~1.5 meters. The drug is known under many different names. The drug been used for shamanic purposes by indigenous people in Central America and Mexico. The drug is reported to be mainly auditory based.", "warning": "There are a series of anecdotal reports that report users after smoking this compound having reported to have fairly negative side-effects such as night fevers, night sweats, and muscle pains." } }, "sonata": { "aliases": [ "zaleplon" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "sonata", "pretty_name": "Sonata", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "zaleplon" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg.", "duration": "3-6 hours.", "onset": "10-30 minutes.", "summary": "Sedative-hypnotic of the nonbenzodiazepine (Z-drug) of the pyrazolopyramide class. The drug is mainly used medically for short-term insomnia." } }, "sufentanil": { "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10ug", "Light": "1-5ug", "Strong": "10-25ug." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "5-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "1-2" }, "name": "sufentanil", "pretty_name": "Sufentanil", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 1-5ug Common: 5-10ug Strong: 10-25ug.", "duration": "5-10 minutes.", "onset": "1-2 minutes.", "summary": "A synthetic analgesic drug that is roughly between 5-10x the potency of its parent drug fentanyl. The drug medically is very restricted to surgery and post-operative pain." } }, "sulbutiamine": { "aliases": [ "sulbut", "arcalion", "enerion", "bisibuthiamine", "youvitan" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "stimulant", "habit-forming", "supplement" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "200-400mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "name": "sulbutiamine", "pretty_name": "Sulbutiamine", "properties": { "aliases": [ "sulbut", "arcalion", "enerion", "bisibuthiamine", "youvitan" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "stimulant", "habit-forming", "supplement" ], "dose": "Common: 200-400mg.", "duration": "6-10 hours. Dose and tolerance dependent.", "experiences": "https://drugs-forum.com/forum/showthread.php?t=101258", "onset": "20-40 minutes", "summary": "A thiamine derivative nootropic and stimulant drug. Caution should be used as sulbutiamine reduces dopamine output over time with consistant usage." } }, "tapentadol": { "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Insufflated administration is ineffective.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-75mg", "Light": "25-50mg", "Strong": "75-150mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral_ER": "5-8", "Oral_IR": "3-5" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral_ER": "60-120", "Oral_IR": "20-40" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Tapentadol.shtml" }, "name": "tapentadol", "pretty_name": "Tapentadol", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 25-50mg Common: 50-75mg Strong: 75-150mg+ | NOTE: Insufflated administration is ineffective.", "duration": "Oral_IR: 3-5 hours | Oral_ER: 5-8 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "Oral_IR: 20-40 minutes. | Oral_ER: 60-120 minutes.", "summary": "An opioid analgesic drug with potency roughly between tramadol and morphine. The drug has a similar pharmacological action to tramadol. The drug is an adrenergic reuptake inhibitor. The drug is reported to have a high addiction potential. There is a great potential for respiratory depression in overdose. The drug is highly recommended to not be combined with depressants and or stimulants." } }, "temazepam": { "aliases": [ "restoril" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "10-20mg", "Light": "5-10mg", "Strong": "20-40mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "Sedative", "Muscle Relaxant", "Amnesia", "Dystaxia", "Hypnotic" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-90" }, "name": "temazepam", "pretty_name": "Temazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "6-12 hours", "aliases": [ "restoril" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "bioavailability": "Oral 96%", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-10mg's Common: 10-20mg Strong: 20-40mg+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Temazepam - 20mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "6-10 hours", "effects": "Anxiolytic, Sedative, Muscle Relaxant, Amnesia, Dystaxia, Hypnotic.", "onset": "20-90 minutes", "summary": "Temazepam's brand name is Restoril. It is a hypnotic benzodiazepine with effects similar to clonazepam. The drug is frequently prescribed as a sleep aid. There are some anectodal reports that indicate it has mild euphoria alongside the hypnotic effects." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Alcohol and benzodiazepines in fatal poisonings. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12170103" ] } }, "tetrahydrofuran-fentanyl": { "aliases": [ "thf-f", "thff" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "research-chemical" ], "name": "tetrahydrofuran-fentanyl", "pretty_name": "Tetrahydrofuran-Fentanyl", "properties": { "aliases": [ "thf-f", "thff" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "research-chemical" ], "summary": "An analogue of fentanyl with extremely limited information in medical literature. The drug is suspected to be less potent than similar analogues. Caution and further research is strongly recommended." } }, "tetrazepam": { "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Light": "25-50mg", "Strong": "100-200mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "6-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "15-35" }, "name": "tetrazepam", "pretty_name": "Tetrazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 25-50mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-200mg+", "duration": "Oral: 6-10 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-35 minutes.", "summary": "A benzodiazepine that has anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, and slightly hypnotic properties. The drug was taken off the market in 2013 due to cutaneous toxicity and allergic reactions, among other reasons. The drug has been noted to be more euphoric than similar ones of it's type." } }, "th-pvp": { "categories": [ "tentative", "research-chemical", "stimulant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "15-25mg", "Light": "10-15mg", "Strong": "25-35mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "30-50mg", "Light": "20-30mg", "Strong": "50-70mg" }, "Vapourized": { "Common": "15-25mg", "Light": "10-15mg", "Strong": "25-35mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-3", "Oral": "3-5", "Vapourized": "1" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-15", "Oral": "20-30", "Vapourized": "1-2" }, "name": "th-pvp", "pretty_name": "TH-PVP", "properties": { "categories": [ "tentative", "research-chemical", "stimulant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 20-30mg Common: 30-50mg Strong: 50-70mg | Insufflated Light: 10-15mg Common: 15-25mg Strong: 25-35mg+ | Vapourized Light: 10-15mg Common: 15-25mg Strong: 25-35mg", "duration": "Oral: 3-5 hours. | Insufflated: 2-3 hours. | Vapourized: 1 hour.", "onset": "Oral: 20-30 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-15 minutes. | Vapourized: 1-2 minutes.", "summary": "A pyrovalerone stimulant related to a-PVP and naphyrone. There is limited information about the drugs effects and safety profile. There is little evidence of human use of this drug." } }, "theacrine": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "nootropic" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-50mg", "Light": "10-25mg", "Strong": "50-100mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "theacrine", "pretty_name": "Theacrine", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "nootropic" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-25mg Common: 25-50mg Strong: 50-100mg+", "duration": "2-6 hours.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "Small alkaloid which can be seen as a structurally modified version of caffeine, with similarly stimulating effects. The drug also shares anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects with caffeine." } }, "theobromine": { "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "200-300mg", "Heavy": "600mg+", "Light": "100-200mg", "Strong": "300-600mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "30-40" }, "formatted_effects": [ "elevated heart rate", "vasodilation", "sweating", "trembling", "headaches" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-3" }, "name": "theobromine", "pretty_name": "Theobromine", "properties": { "dose": "Light: 100-200mg Common: 200-300mg Strong: 300-600mg Heavy: 600mg+", "duration": "onset: 30-40 minutes duration: 7-12 hours after-effects: 5-12 hours", "effects": "elevated heart rate, vasodilation, sweating, trembling, headaches", "onset": "2-3 hours.", "summary": "Theobromine is the principal bitter alkaloid of the cacao bean. It has been used in various pharmaceutical products as a vasodilator, diuretic, and heart stimulant. Theobromine is consumed in cocoa, chocolate, and in various forms of chocolate-based foods. It is also present in small amounts in green coffee beans, tea, mate, and kola nut." } }, "thiopental": { "categories": [ "barbiturate", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Intravenous": "6-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Intravenous": "0-2" }, "name": "thiopental", "pretty_name": "Thiopental", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "barbiturate", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "duration": "Intravenous: 6-10 hours.", "onset": "Intravenous: 0-2 minutes.", "summary": "Barbiturate that that has a reportedly fast onset. The drug is used as for anesthesia in medical induced comas among other things." } }, "thiopropamine": { "aliases": [ "tpa", "normethiopropamine", "a-methyl-2-thipheneethanamine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-2", "Oral": "1-3" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Light": "20-50mg", "Strong": "100-125mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-2", "Oral": "1-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-15", "Oral": "15-45" }, "name": "thiopropamine", "pretty_name": "Thiopropamine", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 1-3 hours | Insufflated: 1-2 hours.", "aliases": [ "tpa", "normethiopropamine", "a-methyl-2-thipheneethanamine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 20-50mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-125mg+", "duration": "Oral: 1-4 hours. | Insufflated: 1-2 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-45 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-15mg.", "summary": "A substance that is closely related to methiopopramine (MPA). Is roughly about 1/3rd the potency of amphetamine and differs from amphetmine from the phenyl ring in which it is switched with a thiophene ring." } }, "tianeptine": { "categories": [ "habit-forming", "depressant", "opioid" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "12.5mg", "Light": "7.5mg", "Strong": "17mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "tianeptine", "pretty_name": "Tianeptine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "categories": [ "habit-forming", "depressant", "opioid" ], "dose": "Light: 7.5mg Common: 12.5mg Strong: 17mg Note: Tianeptine is reported to have opioid-like effects at high doses, but this is offset by an increased risk of liver damage", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "A tricyclic antidepressant that has quite unique pharmacological properties than others in its class. The drug has as a possible indirect action on NMDA/AMPA and a full agonist at the μ-opioid receptor. While abuse of this substance is uncommon, it has been shown to exist in a few countries." }, "pweffects": { "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Bronchodilation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Bronchodilation", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Constipation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Constipation", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Focus enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Focus_enhancement", "Headaches": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Headaches", "Motivation enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motivation_enhancement", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Physical fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_fatigue", "Rejuvenation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Rejuvenation", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" } }, "tiletamine": { "aliases": [ "telazol" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-72" }, "formatted_dose": { "Intramuscular": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "25-50mg", "Light": "10-25mg", "Strong": "50-100mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-5", "Intramuscular": "1-4", "Oral": "6-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "2-10", "Intramuscular": "1-5", "Oral": "15-45" }, "name": "tiletamine", "pretty_name": "Tiletamine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-72 hours.", "aliases": [ "telazol" ], "categories": [ "dissociative", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-25mg Common: 25-50mg Strong: 50-100mg+ | Intramuscular Light: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg+", "duration": "Oral: 6-12 hours. | Insufflated: 2-5 hours. | Intramuscular: 1-4 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-45 minutes. | Insufflated: 2-10 minutes. | Intramuscular: 1-5 minutes.", "summary": "A relatively rare dissociative anesthetic. The drug is pharmacologically classified as an NMDA receptor antagonist. It is related to other anesthetics in this family such as ketamine and phencyclidine (PCP). The drug has been used to cut ketamine, in which case it may cause additional nausea. In veterinary practice it is mixed with zolazolam which is a potent anaesthetic, at a 1:1 ratio. " } }, "tilidine": { "aliases": [ "tilidate", "tilidin", "valoron", "valtran" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Light": "25-50mg", "Strong": "100-200mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-20" }, "name": "tilidine", "pretty_name": "Tilidine", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "tilidate", "tilidin", "valoron", "valtran" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Tilidine dose Oral Light: 25-50mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-200mg.", "duration": "3-6 hours.", "onset": "10-20 minutes.", "summary": "Synthetic opioid used mainly for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. In some countries it's mixed with naloxone to lower the abuse liability. Roughly 0.2 - 1 on the potency scale to morphine. (20mg of morphine to 100mg tilidine)" } }, "tma-2": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-40mg", "Light": "10-20mg", "Strong": "40-60mg+", "Threshold": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-12" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-120" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_TMA2.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal158.shtml" }, "name": "tma-2", "pretty_name": "TMA-2", "properties": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Threshold: 5-10mg Light: 10-20mg Common: 20-40mg Strong: 40-60mg+", "duration": "6-12 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": "20-120 minutes.", "summary": "Trimethoxyamphetamine-2, a psychedelic amphetamine and stimulant first synthesised by Alexander Shulgin. An uncommon compound of similar activity to other psychedelic amphetamines. There is a short reported history of human use." } }, "tma-6": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "30-40mg", "Heavy": "40-50mg+", "Light": "20-30mg", "Threshold": "15-20mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "10-18" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "empathy", "insight", "brightened colour", "Closed/Open eye visuals", "enhanced tactile sensation", "mental/physical stimulation", "decreased appetite", "pupil dilation", "restlessness", "change in perception", "ego softening", "sweating/chills", "muscle tension", "confusion", "insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "60" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_TMA6.shtml", "pihkal": "https://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal162.shtml" }, "name": "tma-6", "pretty_name": "TMA-6", "properties": { "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Threshold: 15-20mg Light: 20-30mg Common: 30-40mg Heavy: 40-50mg+", "duration": "10-18 hours", "effects": "Euphoria, empathy, insight, brightened colour, Closed/Open eye visuals, enhanced tactile sensation, mental/physical stimulation, decreased appetite, pupil dilation, restlessness, change in perception, ego softening, sweating/chills, muscle tension, confusion, insomnia.", "onset": ">60 minutes.", "summary": "A rarely psychedelic amphetamine and mescaline analogue. First synthesised by Alexander Shulgin, who described it as \"one of the most rewarding and pleasurable of the methoxylated amphetamines.\"" } }, "tolibut": { "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "name": "tolibut", "pretty_name": "Tolibut", "properties": { "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "summary": "Analogue of GABA and the 4-methyl analogue of phenibut. The drug is reported to have similar effects to phenibut and GABA, the drug acts on GABA(B)." } }, "tramadol": { "aliases": [ "tram" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "combos": { "2c-t-x": { "status": "Unsafe" }, "2c-x": { "note": "Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and psychedelics raise the risk of seizures.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "5-meo-xxt": { "status": "Unsafe" }, "alcohol": { "note": "Heavy CNS depressants, risk of seizures. Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. Place the affected individual in the recovery position to prevent vomit aspiration from excess. Memory blackouts are likely.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "amphetamines": { "note": "Tramadol and stimulants both increase the risk of seizures.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "amt": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "benzodiazepines": { "note": "Central nervous system- and/or respiratory-depressant effects may be additively or synergistically present. Vomit aspiration is a risk when passed out, lay down in recovery position if ingested.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "caffeine": { "status": "Low Risk & No Synergy" }, "cannabis": { "status": "Low Risk & Synergy" }, "cocaine": { "note": "Tramadol and stimulants both increase the risk of seizures.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "dextromethorphan": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "diphenhydramine": { "note": "Both drugs increase the risk of serotonin syndrome. While at medical dosages, this is unlikely to be of concern, recreational doses should be avoided. Diphenhydramine may increase tramadol’s seizure risk.", "sources": [ { "author": "Benson, B. E., Farooqi, M. F., Klein-Schwartz, W., Litovitz, T., Webb, A. N., Borys, D. J., Lung, D., Rutherfoord Rose, S., Aleguas, A., Sollee, D. R., & Seifert, S. A. (2010)", "title": "Diphenhydramine dose–response: a novel approach to determine triage thresholds. Clinical Toxicology, 48(8), 820–831.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2010.514269" }, { "author": "Dhesi, M., Maldonado, K. A., Patel, P., & Maani, C. V. (2025)", "title": "Tramadol. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537060/" }, { "author": "Hughes, A. R., Lin, A., Hendrickson, R. G., & on behalf of Toxicology Investigator’s Consortium (ToxIC). (2021)", "title": "Clinical and patient characteristics associated with severe outcome in diphenhydramine toxicity. Clinical Toxicology, 59(10), 918–925.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2021.1891244" }, { "author": "Khan, S., Saud, S., Khan, I., Asif, M., Ismail, O., Salam, A., Yang, T. J., & Norville, K. J. (2018)", "title": "Serotonin Syndrome Presenting with Concomitant Tramadol and Diphenhydramine Use: A Case Report of an Unlikely Side-Effect. Cureus.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.2421" }, { "author": "Kim, H., Kim, S. H., & Kim, J. B. (2021)", "title": "Antihistamines as a common cause of new-onset seizures: a single-center observational study. Neurological Sciences: Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 42(6), 2505–2508.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05043-2" }, { "author": "Kim, H., Wang, I.-N., Park, J.-S., Kim, K.-T., Kong, J., Kim, J. B., & Kim, D.-J. (2023)", "title": "Inherent seizure susceptibility in patients with antihistamine-induced acute symptomatic seizure: a resting-state EEG analysis. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 9146.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36415-7" }, { "author": "Sanaei-Zadeh, H. (2012)", "title": "Diphenhydramine overdose and serotonin syndrome. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 66(3), 244–245.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.2012.02320.x" }, { "author": "Sicari, V., Patel, P., & Zabbo, C. P. (2025)", "title": "Diphenhydramine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "dmt": { "note": "Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and psychedelics also cause occasional seizures.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "dox": { "note": "Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and psychedelics also cause occasional seizures.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "ghb/gbl": { "note": "The sedative effects of this combination can lead to dangerous respiratory depression.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "ketamine": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "lithium": { "note": "Tramadol and Lithium both increase the risk of seizures and serotonin syndrome.", "sources": [ { "author": "Steven C. Julius, Richard P. Brenner", "title": "Myoclonic seizures with lithium", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(87)90026-6" }, { "author": "Charles DeBattista, Mehmet Sofuoglu, and Alan F. Schatzberg", "title": "Serotonergic Synergism: The Risks and Benefits of Combining the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors with Other Serotonergic Drugs", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00161-9" }, { "author": "Massot, O., Rousselle, JC., Fillion, MP. et al.", "title": "5-HT1B Receptors: A Novel Target for Lithium: Possible Involvement in Mood Disorders", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00042-1" }, { "author": "Sameer Hassamal, Karen Miotto, William Dale, Itai Danovitch ", "title": "Tramadol: Understanding the Risk of Serotonin Syndrome and Seizures", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.04.025" }, { "author": "Boostani R, Derakhshan S.", "title": "Tramadol induced seizure: A 3-year study.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24009919/" }, { "author": "Lagard, C.; Vodovar, D.; Chevillard, L.; Callebert, J.; Caillé, F.; Pottier, G.; Liang, H.; Risède, P.; Tournier, N.; Mégarbane, B.", "title": "Investigation of the Mechanisms of Tramadol-Induced Seizures in Overdose in the Rat ", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15101254 " }, { "author": "Sansone RA, Sansone LA.", "title": "Tramadol", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19724727" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "lsd": { "note": "Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and psychedelics also cause occasional seizures.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "maois": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "mdma": { "note": "Tramadol and stimulants both increase the risk of seizures.", "status": "Dangerous" }, "mephedrone": { "note": "There is a high risk of serotonin syndrome and seizures at recreational dosages. Both substances affect the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications at higher dosages. Both can dull each other's effects, so if one wears off before the other it's possible to overdose due to the lack of counteraction. The combination may increase each other's side effects, such as dizziness and drowsiness. At higher dosages, the combination may increase each other’s side effects, such as delirium, mania, and psychosis.", "sources": [ { "author": "Boostani, R., & Derakhshan, S.", "title": "Tramadol induced seizure: A 3-year study. Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine, 3(3), 484–487 (2012)", "url": "N/A" }, { "author": "Ener, R. A., Meglathery, S. B., Decker, W. A. V., & Gallagher, R. M.", "title": "Serotonin Syndrome and Other Serotonergic Disorders: Table 1. Pain Medicine, 4(1), 63–74 (2003)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4637.2003.03005.x" }, { "author": "Hadlock, G. C., Webb, K. M., McFadden, L. M., Chu, P. W., Ellis, J. D., Allen, S. C., Andrenyak, D. M., Vieira-Brock, P. L., German, C. L., Conrad, K. M., Hoonakker, A. J., Gibb, J. W., Wilkins, D. G., Hanson, G. R., & Fleckenstein, A. E.", "title": "4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone): Neuropharmacological Effects of a Designer Stimulant of Abuse. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 339(2), 530–536 (2011)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.111.184119" }, { "author": "Kehr, J., Ichinose, F., Yoshitake, S., Goiny, M., Sievertsson, T., Nyberg, F., & Yoshitake, T.", "title": "Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats: Mephedrone increases both DA and 5-HT in rat brain. British Journal of Pharmacology, 164(8), 1949–1958 (2011)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x" }, { "author": "Lagard, C., Vodovar, D., Chevillard, L., Callebert, J., Caillé, F., Pottier, G., Liang, H., Risède, P., Tournier, N., & Mégarbane, B.", "title": "Investigation of the Mechanisms of Tramadol-Induced Seizures in Overdose in the Rat. Pharmaceuticals, 15(10), 1254 (2022)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15101254" }, { "author": "Meng, H., Cao, J., Kang, J., Ying, X., Ji, J., Reynolds, W., & Rampe, D.", "title": "Mephedrone, a new designer drug of abuse, produces acute hemodynamic effects in the rat. Toxicology Letters, 208(1), 62–68 (2012)", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.010" }, { "author": "Sansone, R. A., & Sansone, L. A.", "title": "Tramadol: seizures, serotonin syndrome, and coadministered antidepressants. Psychiatry (Edgmont (Pa.: Township)), 6(4), 17–21 (2009)", "url": "N/A" } ], "status": "Dangerous" }, "mescaline": { "note": "This combination can cause seizures due to the lowering of the threshold by tramadol and the potential of mescaline to cause seziures.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "mushrooms": { "note": "Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and psychedelics also cause occasional seizures.", "status": "Unsafe" }, "mxe": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "nbomes": { "note": "Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and NBOMes have also shown a tendency to cause severe seizures", "status": "Unsafe" }, "nitrous": { "note": "Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. Memory blackouts are likely.", "status": "Caution" }, "opioids": { "note": "Concomitant use of tramadol increases the seizure risk in individuals taking other opioids. These agents are often individually epileptogenic and may have additive effects on seizure threshold during coadministration. Central nervous system- and/or respiratory-depressant effects may be additively or synergistically present", "status": "Dangerous" }, "pcp": { "status": "Dangerous" }, "pregabalin": { "note": "There is a significant risk of seizures. Both substances are CNS depressants, potentiating each other strongly and unpredictably, raising the chances of memory loss, severe ataxia, and unconsciousness. The interaction will cause greater inhibition and risk of injury. If the user falls unconscious it is strongly recommended to put them into the recovery position and monitor breathing. Medical dosages are not reported to be a concern.", "sources": [ { "author": "Altair. (n.d.-a)", "title": "Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917" }, { "author": "Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)", "title": "Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x" }, { "author": "Boostani, R., & Derakhshan, S. (2012)", "title": "Tramadol induced seizure: A 3-year study. Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine, 3(3), 484–487.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24009919/" }, { "author": "Douke, R. (n.d.)", "title": "Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232" }, { "author": "French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)", "title": "Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119" }, { "author": "Hassamal, S., Miotto, K., Dale, W., & Danovitch, I. (2018)", "title": "Tramadol: Understanding the Risk of Serotonin Syndrome and Seizures. The American Journal of Medicine, 131(11), 1382.e1-1382.e6.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.04.025" }, { "author": "Lyndon, A., Audrey, S., Wells, C., Burnell, E. S., Ingle, S., Hill, R., Hickman, M., & Henderson, G. (2017)", "title": "Risk to heroin users of polydrug use of pregabalin or gabapentin: Risks in combining gabapentoids with heroin. Addiction, 112(9), 1580–1589.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13843" }, { "author": "Rietjens, S. J., Sikma, M. A., Hunault, C. C., De Lange, D. W., & Hondebrink, L. (2022)", "title": "Pregabalin poisoning: Evaluation of dose‐toxicity relationship. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 88(3), 1288–1297.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.15073" }, { "author": "Sean. (n.d.-b)", "title": "Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”", "url": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302" }, { "author": "Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)", "title": "Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465" } ], "status": "Unsafe" }, "ssris": { "status": "Dangerous" } }, "dose_note": " NOTE: Tramadol has a ceiling dose where recreational effects are not increased. There is a risk of seizures at doses over 300mg or less for indivudals predisposed. Tramadol decreases the seizure threshold. Caution is strongly recommended. Dosing insufflated is ineffective.", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "100-250mg", "Heavy": "250-400mg", "Light": "50-100mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-7" }, "formatted_effects": [ "euphoria", "elevated mood", "overall feeling of contentedness", "itching", "drowsiness", "vomiting", "urinary retention", "nausea", "constipation", "seizures" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1" }, "name": "tramadol", "pretty_name": "Tramadol", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "tram" ], "avoid": "benzos, alcohol, and other opiates", "bioavailability": "Oral 68-72% | Rectal 77%", "categories": [ "opioid", "habit-forming", "depressant", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-250mg Heavy: 250-400mg | NOTE: Tramadol has a ceiling dose where recreational effects are not increased. There is a risk of seizures at doses over 300mg or less for individuals predisposed. Tramadol decreases the seizure threshold. Caution is strongly recommended. Dosing insufflated is ineffective.", "duration": "5-7 hours", "effects": "euphoria, elevated mood, overall feeling of contentedness, itching, drowsiness, vomiting, urinary retention, nausea, constipation, seizures", "onset": "1 hour first effects, reaching peak blood concentration at 4 hours.", "summary": "A synthetic opioid analgesic, tramadol is used to treat moderate pain and can be considered a medium-strength opioid. Tramadol has the unusual effect of being a serotonin releasing agent and a serotonin reuptake inhibitor. As a consequence, care should be taken to not ingest tramadol in excess due to the risk of serotonin syndrome. There is a risk of seizures at doses over 300mg or less for individuals predisposed." }, "pweffects": { "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Constipation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Constipation", "Cough suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cough_suppression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Itchiness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Itchiness", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil constriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_constriction", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Stimulation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation", "Thought acceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "High-concentration tramadol-induced vasodilation in rabbit aorta is mediated by both endothelium-dependent and -independent mechanisms - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12740170", "Supra-additive effects of tramadol and acetaminophen in a human pain model - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17709207", "Opioid and nonopioid components independently contribute to the mechanism of action of tramadol making it 'atypical' - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/260/1/275.short" ] } }, "trazodone": { "aliases": [], "categories": [ "depressant" ], "dose_note": " Note: ", "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "50-100mg", "Light": "25-50mg", "Strong": "100-150mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "6-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-40" }, "name": "trazodone", "pretty_name": "Trazodone", "properties": { "aliases": [], "categories": [ "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 25-50mg Common: 50-100mg Strong: 100-150 | Note: ", "duration": "6-10 hours.", "onset": "20-40 minutes.", "summary": "A novel antidepressant of the SARI class, a serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor. The drug is used medically to treat depressive and anxiety disorders and symptoms. It is reported to have anxiolytic and hypnotic effects." } }, "triazolam": { "aliases": [ "halcion" ], "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "0.25-0.5mg", "Light": "0.125-0.25mg", "Strong": "0.5-1.5mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "3-5", "Oral": "4-7" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Anxiolytic", "primarily sedative and hypnotic effects" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-20" }, "name": "triazolam", "pretty_name": "Triazolam", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "halcion" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 0.125-0.25mg Common: 0.25-0.5mg Strong: 0.5-1.5mg+", "dose_to_diazepam": "Triazolam - 0.5mg ~=10mg Diazepam.", "duration": "Oral: 4-7 hours. | Insufflated: 3-5 hours.", "effects": "Anxiolytic, but primarily sedative and hypnotic effects.", "onset": "10-20 minutes.", "summary": "An uncommon and very short-acting benzodiazepine. Sedating and hypnotic and may induce amnesia and lowered inhibitions at higher doses." } }, "troparil": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-2" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "20-30mg", "Light": "15-20mg", "Strong": "30-60mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "45-70" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10" }, "name": "troparil", "pretty_name": "Troparil", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-2 hours.", "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Low: 15-20mg Common: 20-30mg Strong: 30-60mg+", "duration": "45-70 minutes.", "onset": "<10 minutes.", "summary": "A stimulant and dopamine reuptake inhibitor developed in the 1970's, it is frequently used in scientific research but has seen little usage outside of the lab. The drug is reported to have similar effects to cocaine, though reportedly much longer lasting action without local anaesthetic effects. The drug is suspected to be painful to insufflate." } }, "truffles": { "categories": [ "psychedelic" ], "dose_note": " NOTE: Dry truffles are reported to be several times more potent than the dosages listed for wet.", "formatted_dose": { "Dry": { "Common": "1.5-4g", "Heavy": "4g+", "Light": "0.5-1.5g" }, "Wet": { "Common": "10g", "Heavy": "15g+", "Light": "5g" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "visual distortion", "color enhancement", "sense of conection with nature", "sense of well being", "sense of wonder", "closed eye visuals", "tactile enhancement" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-60" }, "name": "truffles", "pretty_name": "Truffles", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "categories": [ "psychedelic" ], "dose": "Wet Light: 5g, Common: 10g, Heavy: 15g+ | Dry Light: 0.5-1.5g Common: 1.5-4g Heavy: 4g+", "duration": "3-6 hours", "effects": "visual distortion, color enhancement, sense of conection with nature, sense of well being, sense of wonder, closed eye visuals, tactile enhancement", "onset": "30-60 minutes", "summary": "Truffles (magic truffles, sclerotium) are the thickened root sections of psilocybin mushrooms. Like psilocybin mushrooms, truffles contain the psychoactive chemicals psilocybin and psilocin." } }, "tuinal": { "aliases": [ "tuinol", "chirstmas-trees", "rainbows", "beans", "nawls", "jeebs" ], "categories": [ "barbiturate", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-8" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75-150mg.", "Light": "25-75mg", "Strong": "150-300mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-12" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-45" }, "name": "tuinal", "pretty_name": "Tuinal", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-8 hours.", "aliases": [ "tuinol", "chirstmas-trees", "rainbows", "beans", "nawls", "jeebs" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "barbiturate", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 25-75mg Common: 75-150mg. Strong: 150-300mg.", "duration": "5-12 hours.", "onset": "10-45 minutes.", "summary": "Brand name of a combination drug of two barbiturate salts (secobarbital and amobarbital) in equal amounts. It was introduced in the late 1940's." } }, "u-47700": { "aliases": [ "u47700" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "7.5-15mg", "Heavy": "25mg+", "Light": "5-7.5mg", "Strong": "15-25mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "3-4", "Intravenous": "1-2", "Oral": "5-7", "Rectal": "3-4" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "15", "Intravenous": "0-1", "Oral": "15", "Rectal": "15" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_U47700.shtml" }, "name": "u-47700", "pretty_name": "U-47700", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "aliases": [ "u47700" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants", "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "depressant" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 5-7.5mg Common: 7.5-15mg Strong: 15-25mg Heavy: 25+mg.", "duration": "Oral: 5-7 hours. | Insufflated/Plugged: 3-4 hours. | Intravenous: 1-2 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "Oral: 15 minutes. | Insufflated/Plugged: 15 minutes | Intravenous: 0-1 minutes.", "summary": "A µ-opioid receptor agonist that is related to AH-7921. The drug has a short duration." }, "pweffects": { "Anxiety": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Cognitive euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria", "Cognitive fatigue": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_fatigue", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Constipation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Constipation", "Cough suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cough_suppression", "Depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Depression", "Difficulty urinating": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating", "Irritability": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Irritability", "Itchiness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Itchiness", "Pain relief": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief", "Physical euphoria": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria", "Pupil constriction": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_constriction", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" } }, "u-49900": { "categories": [ "opioid", "dissociative", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "name": "u-49900", "pretty_name": "U-49900", "properties": { "categories": [ "opioid", "dissociative", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "summary": "A substance that is an analogue of U-47700 yet doesn't share much with it. Reading this reddit post has been recommended by TripSit staff. https://www.reddit.com/r/researchchemicals/comments/5gbo3e/u49900_experiment_and_warning/" } }, "u-51754": { "aliases": [ "methene-u47700", "methene-u-47700" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "opioid", "dissociative", "depressant", "research-chemical" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Rectal": { "Common": "3-5mg", "Light": "1-3mg", "Strong": "5-10mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-2", "Oral": "2-4", "Rectal": "1-2" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Oral": "15-30", "Rectal": "5-10" }, "name": "u-51754", "pretty_name": "U-51754", "properties": { "after-effects": "3-6 hours.", "aliases": [ "methene-u47700", "methene-u-47700" ], "categories": [ "tentative", "opioid", "dissociative", "depressant", "research-chemical" ], "dose": "Rectal Light: 1-3mg Common: 3-5mg Strong: 5-10mg", "duration": "Oral: 2-4 hours. | Insufflated: 1-2 hours. | Plugged: 1-2 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 15-30 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes. | Plugged: 5-10 minutes.", "summary": "A very potent opioid that it reported to have κ-opioid action. Due to this action, it is suspected to have dysphoric and auditory hallucination effects. The drug is an analogue of U-47700." } }, "valerylfentanyl": { "aliases": [ "vf" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Light": "50mg+" } }, "name": "valerylfentanyl", "pretty_name": "Valerylfentanyl", "properties": { "aliases": [ "vf" ], "categories": [ "opioid", "depressant", "research-chemical", "tentative", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Light: 50+mg", "summary": "Opioid that is a higher homologue of butyrfentanyl with a greatly reduced potency." } }, "viagra": { "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "30-50mg", "Light": "25-30mg", "Strong": "50-100mg." } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-60" }, "name": "viagra", "pretty_name": "Sildenafil", "properties": { "dose": "Light: 25-30mg Common: 30-50mg Strong: 50-100mg.", "duration": "3-6 hours.", "onset": "10-60 minutes.", "summary": "A medication originally developed to lower blood pressure and now is widely used to treat erectile dysfunction in males. The drug is not recommended to be mixed with any other drugs that lower blood pressure. It is recommended to contact emergancy services if an erection under the substance lasts longer than 4 hours." } }, "viloxazine": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative" ], "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "75-150mg", "Light": "50-75mg", "Strong": "150mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-30" }, "name": "viloxazine", "pretty_name": "Viloxazine", "properties": { "categories": [ "stimulant", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 50-75mg Common: 75-150mg Strong: 150mg+", "duration": "3-6 hours.", "onset": "15-30 minutes.", "summary": "NRI that was used as an antidepressant in some European countries, and now is used in the United States for ADHD. The drug has a pronouced stimulant effect similar to amphetamines without any reported signs of dependence." } }, "vyvanse": { "aliases": [ "lisdextroamfetamine", "lisdextroamphetamine", "lisdexamphetamine", "lisdexamfetamine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose_note": " Note: ", "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "1-16" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "30-50mg", "Light": "20-30mg", "Strong": "50-100mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Oral": "6-14" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Increased alertness", "Euphoria", "Increased motivation", "Reduced appetite", "Flushing of the face", "Increased body temperature", "Tachycardia (increased heart rate)", "Paranoia", "Insomnia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Oral": "60-90" }, "links": { "experiences": "https://www.erowid.org/experiences/subs/exp_Lisdexamfetamine.shtml" }, "name": "vyvanse", "pretty_name": "Vyvanse", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 1-16 hours. | Note: After-effects are highly dependant on dose.", "aliases": [ "lisdextroamfetamine", "lisdextroamphetamine", "lisdexamphetamine", "lisdexamfetamine" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 20-30mg Common: 30-50mg Strong: 50-100mg+ | Note: ", "duration": "Oral: 6-14 hours. | NOTE: Dependant on dose and tolerance.", "effects": "Increased alertness, Euphoria, Increased motivation, Reduced appetite, Flushing of the face, Increased body temperature, Tachycardia (increased heart rate), Paranoia, Insomnia.", "onset": "Oral: 60-90 minutes | NOTE: Onset is reported to be delayed by one additional hour when taken with a meal high in fat.", "summary": "Also known as lisdexamphetamine, the drug is a CNS stimulant often prescribed for ADHD, narcolepsy, and obesity. It is a pro-drug for dextroamphetamine, and functions as a method for providing extended-release stimulation. The drug is sometimes medically prescribed alongside an SSRI for depression." }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Use of naltrexone has been found to successfully aid in recovery from amphetamine addiction - http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08020304", "Vyvanse is approved for and proven to be affective for the treatment of binge-eating disorder in adults - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ijcp.12639/full", "Vyvanse has been proven to be effectivein treating attention deficits in patients with traumatic brain injuries - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/02699052.2014.930179", "For serotonin syndrome secondary to vyvanse overdose, dexmedetomidine may be used for treatment when standard treatment protocols do not work - http://aop.sagepub.com/content/48/12/1651.abstract", "Vyvanse when used intravenously was proven to not have increased abuse liability, which implies that it does not have increased euphoria - http://jop.sagepub.com/content/early/2008/07/17/0269881108093841.short" ], "onset": [ "the drug is reported to be delayed by one additional hour when taken with a high fat meal - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2873712/" ] } }, "w-15": { "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "2-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2-5mg", "Strong": "10-15mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Euphoria", "Dry Mouth", "Mood lift", "Itchiness", "Relaxant", "Constipation", "Pupil constriction", "Analgesia" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-40" }, "name": "w-15", "pretty_name": "W-15", "properties": { "after-effects": "2-4 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "opioid", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative", "depressant" ], "dose": "Light: 2-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-15mg+", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "effects": "Euphoria, Dry Mouth, Mood lift, Itchiness, Relaxant, Constipation, Pupil constriction, Analgesia.", "onset": "15-40 minutes.", "summary": "A potent opioid that is 5.4x more potent than morphine. The drug has a distinct structure unrelated to nearly all other opioid compounds." } }, "yerba-mate": { "categories": [ "common", "stimulant", "habit-forming", "nootropic" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-4" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "1000-1500mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "10-30" }, "name": "yerba-mate", "pretty_name": "YERBA-MATE", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-4 hours.", "categories": [ "common", "stimulant", "habit-forming", "nootropic" ], "dose": "Common: 1000-1500mg | The dosages are given with the assumption of spreading it over an entire day.", "duration": "4-6 hours.", "onset": "10-30 minutes.", "summary": "The drug is marketed for its ability to suppress appetite and burn fat using higher dosages. The drug has a high ratio of caffeine and is reported to have anti-inflammatory properties." } }, "yopo": { "aliases": [ "anadenanthera", "\"anadenanthera" ], "categories": [ "empathogen", "psychedelic" ], "name": "yopo", "pretty_name": "YOPO", "properties": { "aliases": [ "anadenanthera", "anadenanthera" ], "categories": [ "empathogen", "psychedelic" ], "summary": "Anadenanthera peregrina, also known as yopo, is a perennial tree native to the Caribbean and South America. It is an entheogen containing 5-MeO-DMT and DMT, and is used in healing ceremonies and rituals. The tree is also a source of dietary calcium." } }, "zolazepam": { "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "1-4", "Intramuscular": "1-3", "Oral": "1-6" }, "formatted_dose": { "Insufflated": { "Common": "3-6mg", "Light": "1-3mg", "Strong": "6-12mg+" }, "Intramuscular": { "Common": "3-5mg", "Light": "1-3mg", "Strong": "5-10mg+" }, "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "Insufflated": "2-3", "Intramuscular": "2-4", "Oral": "4-6" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "Insufflated": "5-10", "Intramuscular": "1-5", "Oral": "10-30" }, "name": "zolazepam", "pretty_name": "Zolazepam", "properties": { "after-effects": "Oral: 1-6 hours. | Insufflated: 1-4 hours. | Intramuscular: 1-3 hours.", "avoid": "All other CNS depressants.", "categories": [ "benzodiazepine", "depressant", "habit-forming" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg+ | Insufflated Light: 1-3mg Common: 3-6mg Strong: 6-12mg+ | Intramuscular Light: 1-3mg Common: 3-5mg Strong: 5-10mg+", "duration": "Oral: 4-6 hours. | Insufflated: 2-3 hours. | Intramuscular: 2-4 hours.", "onset": "Oral: 10-30 minutes. | Insufflated: 5-10 minutes. | Intramuscular: 1-5 minutes.", "summary": "A substance that is structurally related to benzodiazepines. It is only used medically in veterinary medicine. It is usually used in tandem with either the potent NMDA antagonist tiletamine (at a 1:1 ratio) or with the α2 adrenergic receptor agonist xylazine. The drug is roughly around four times the potency of diazepam, yet is reportedly water soluable." } }, "zolpidem": { "aliases": [ "ambien", "stilnox" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-10mg", "Heavy": "20-30mg+", "Light": "2.5-5mg", "Strong": "10-20mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "5-10" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Helps with insomnia/sleep", "hallucinations through all physical senses", "increased or decreased libido", "delusions" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15-45" }, "name": "zolpidem", "pretty_name": "Zolpidem", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "ambien", "stilnox" ], "avoid": "All other CNS depressants", "bioavailability": "Oral: 70%", "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "dose": "Light: 2.5-5mg Common: 5-10mg Strong: 10-20mg Heavy: 20-30mg+", "duration": "5-10 hours.", "effects": "Helps with insomnia/sleep, hallucinations through all physical senses, increased or decreased libido, delusions", "onset": "15-45 minutes.", "summary": "Commonly prescribed for insomnia, Ambien (zolpidem) can cause realistic hallucinations similar to those of deliriants, and is very likely to cause amnesia at higher doses. Take care when using this drug, as it tends to lower inhibitions to a level which causes the user to do things they might not normally do when sober." }, "pweffects": { "Acuity suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Acuity_suppression", "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Appetite enhancement": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Appetite_enhancement", "Auditory hallucinations": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Auditory_hallucinations", "Compulsive redosing": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing", "Delusions": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Delusions", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Double vision": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Double_vision", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Language suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Language_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Nausea": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Tactile suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Tactile_suppression", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration", "Visual disconnection": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Visual_disconnection" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Irreversible ischemic hand following intraarterial injection of zolpidem powder - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14705853", "Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of zolpidem. Therapeutic implications - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8521677" ] } }, "zopiclone": { "aliases": [ "imovane", "zimovane" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "5-7.5mg", "Heavy": "15-22.5mg", "Light": "3.5-5mg", "Strong": "7.5-15mg", "Threshold": "3.5mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3.5-9" }, "formatted_effects": [ "Lethargy", "tiredness", "a dreamlike state while awake", "can induce heavy sleep" ], "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "15" }, "name": "zopiclone", "pretty_name": "Zopiclone", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "imovane", "zimovane" ], "categories": [ "depressant", "habit-forming", "common" ], "chemistry": "IUPAC: (RS)-6-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate | Formula: C17H17ClN6O3 | Molecular Mass: 388.808 g/mol", "contraindications": "Liver disease, myasthenia gravis, severe chronic bronchitis, emphysema, sleep apnea, thyroid gland abnormalities, trimipramine, caffeine, alcohol, erythromycin, itraconazole, rifampicin, phenytoin, carbamazepine, ketoconazole, sulfaphenazole, and nefazodone", "dose": "Oral Threshold: 3.5mg Light: 3.5-5mg Common: 5-7.5mg Strong: 7.5-15mg Heavy: 15-22.5mg", "duration": "3.5-9 hours", "effects": "Lethargy, tiredness, a dreamlike state while awake, can induce heavy sleep.", "legal": "Australia: Prescription Only (S4) | United Kingdom: Controlled Drug (POM) | United States: Schedule IV", "onset": "15 - 30 minutes (on empty stomach)", "pharmacokinetics": "Protein Binding: 45 - 80% | Metabolism: various cytochrome P450 liver enzymes | Excretion: respiration (~50%) and urine (7 - 10 %)", "pharmacology": "GABA-A receptor positive allosteric modulator; Benzodiazepine receptor agonist", "summary": "A nonbenzodiazepine sedative sleep aid (Z-drug) which can have hallucinogenic effects if taken while awake. The drug is reported to cause users to have a metallic taste in the mouth for ~12h. The drug has been reported in cases to influence certain users to black out, redose excessively, and undertake dangerous activities such as driving." }, "pweffects": { "Amnesia": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Amnesia", "Anxiety suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression", "Disinhibition": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Disinhibition", "Dizziness": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Dizziness", "Information processing suppression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Information_processing_suppression", "Motor control loss": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Motor_control_loss", "Muscle relaxation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Muscle_relaxation", "Respiratory depression": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Respiratory_depression", "Sedation": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation", "Thought deceleration": "https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_deceleration" }, "sources": { "_general": [ "Dependence potential of zopiclone studied in monkeys - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6892368" ] } }, "α-pbp": { "aliases": [ "a-pbp", "alpha-pbp" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-24" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "25-50mg", "Light": "10-25mg", "Strong": "50mg+" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "3-4" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "20-35" }, "name": "α-pbp", "pretty_name": "α-PBP", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-24 hours.", "aliases": [ "a-pbp", "alpha-pbp" ], "categories": [ "stimulant", "research-chemical", "habit-forming", "tentative" ], "dose": "Oral Light: 10-25mg Common: 25-50mg Strong: 50mg+", "duration": "3-4 hours", "onset": "20-35 minutes", "summary": "Stimulant that is the homologue between α-PPP and α-PVP." } }, "βh-2c-b": { "aliases": [ "beta-hydroxy-2c-b", "bh-2c-b", "bh-2cb", "bohb", "boh-2c-b", "boh-2cb" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "formatted_aftereffects": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "1-12" }, "formatted_dose": { "Oral": { "Common": "40-60mg", "Heavy": "75mg+", "Light": "25-40mg", "Strong": "60-75mg" } }, "formatted_duration": { "_unit": "hours", "value": "7-10" }, "formatted_onset": { "_unit": "minutes", "value": "30-50" }, "name": "βh-2c-b", "pretty_name": "βH-2C-B", "properties": { "after-effects": "1-12 hours.", "aliases": [ "beta-hydroxy-2c-b", "bh-2c-b", "bh-2cb", "bohb", "boh-2c-b", "boh-2cb" ], "categories": [ "psychedelic", "research-chemical", "tentative" ], "dose": "Light: 25-40mg Common: 40-60mg Strong: 60-75mg Heavy: 75mg+", "duration": "7-10 hours", "onset": "30-50 minutes", "summary": "β-Hydroxy-2C-B is a novel analogue of 2C-B that is a slightly less potent to 2C-B, and reportedly a longer duration. 2C-B is suspected to be the active metabolite of βk-2C-B." } } }