OBO-Edit 2.1
13:03:2012 15:35
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Anterior region of the body that contains the palps, chelicerae and hypostome. Capable of dorsal to ventral flexing motion. Homologous with the gnathosoma of mites. The capitulum articulates with the body via a cavity, the camerostome. The capitulum is located at the anterior end of the body in ixodid ticks and the larvae of many argasid ticks. It is located ventrally or subterminal, obscured by an overhang of the anterior end of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
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Gnathosoma
TADS:0000000
Fig. 2-7, Fig. 2-8, Fig. 2-9, Fig. 2-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult capitulum
TADS:0000000
Anterior region of the body that contains the palps, chelicerae and hypostome. Capable of dorsal to ventral flexing motion. Homologous with the gnathosoma of mites. The capitulum articulates with the body via a cavity, the camerostome. The capitulum is located at the anterior end of the body in ixodid ticks and the larvae of many argasid ticks. It is located ventrally or subterminal, obscured by an overhang of the anterior end of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The adult body is the region that includes the prosoma and the opisthosoma.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
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TADS:0000001
Fig. 2-2, Fig. 2-3, Fig. 2-4, Fig. 2-5, Fig. 2-6, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult body
TADS:0000001
The adult body is the region that includes the prosoma and the opisthosoma.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Ticks have 4 pairs of walking legs as adults and nymphs (only 3 pair occur in larvae). Each leg consists of 6 segments, the coxa, trochanter, femur, patella, tibia and tarsus. The tarsus of each leg bears an apotele comprising the claws and the pulvillus (the latter is absent in most argasid tick nymphs and adults). A complex sensory organ, Haller's organ, is located on the dorsal surface of the tarsus of leg I.
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TADS:0000002
Fig. 4-20, Fig. 4-21, Fig. 4-22, Fig. 4-23, Fig. 4-24, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult leg
TADS:0000002
Ticks have 4 pairs of walking legs as adults and nymphs (only 3 pair occur in larvae). Each leg consists of 6 segments, the coxa, trochanter, femur, patella, tibia and tarsus. The tarsus of each leg bears an apotele comprising the claws and the pulvillus (the latter is absent in most argasid tick nymphs and adults). A complex sensory organ, Haller's organ, is located on the dorsal surface of the tarsus of leg I.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The paired palps are located on either side of the hypostome and the medially-located chelicerae. Each palp consists of four distinct segment (= articles). In ixodid ticks (Family Ixodidae), the fourth palpal segment is reduced and located in a cavity in the terminal end of segment three. In argasid ticks (Family Argasidae), all four palpal segments are similar in length. The palps provide sensory information about the condition of the host skin in preparation for selecting a site for feeding.
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TADS:0000003
Fig. 2-9, Fig. 2-10, Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-13, Fig. 4-14, Fig. 4-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Palp
TADS:0000003
The paired palps are located on either side of the hypostome and the medially-located chelicerae. Each palp consists of four distinct segment (= articles). In ixodid ticks (Family Ixodidae), the fourth palpal segment is reduced and located in a cavity in the terminal end of segment three. In argasid ticks (Family Argasidae), all four palpal segments are similar in length. The palps provide sensory information about the condition of the host skin in preparation for selecting a site for feeding.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Tip-pore setiform sensilla that have dendrites from both mechanosensory and gustatory neurons.
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TADS:0000004
Fig. 15-22, Fig. 15-23, Fig. 15-24, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
Type A single pore multifunctional sensillum
TADS:0000004
Tip-pore setiform sensilla that have dendrites from both mechanosensory and gustatory neurons.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The third segment of the palp. In ixodid ticks (Family Ixodidae), this segment has a depression on its terminal (distal) end where the fourth palpal segment is inserted.
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TADS:0000005
Fig. 2-9, Fig. 2-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Article III
TADS:0000005
The third segment of the palp. In ixodid ticks (Family Ixodidae), this segment has a depression on its terminal (distal) end where the fourth palpal segment is inserted.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The second segment of the palp.
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TADS:0000006
Fig. 2-9, Fig. 2-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Article II
TADS:0000006
The second segment of the palp.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The fourth and distal most segment of the palp. In ixodid ticks (Family Ixodidae), this segment is much smaller than the other segments and recessed in a depression of article III. The fourth palpal segment contains a prominent field of small tip-pore sensilla that function as gustatory and gustatory/mechanosensory sensilla (possibly also thermosensory functions). These sensilla provide information about the host skin during the attachment phase of tick feeding.
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TADS:0000007
Fig. 2-9, Fig. 2-10, Fig. 15-22, Fig. 15-24, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Article IV
TADS:0000007
The fourth and distal most segment of the palp. In ixodid ticks (Family Ixodidae), this segment is much smaller than the other segments and recessed in a depression of article III. The fourth palpal segment contains a prominent field of small tip-pore sensilla that function as gustatory and gustatory/mechanosensory sensilla (possibly also thermosensory functions). These sensilla provide information about the host skin during the attachment phase of tick feeding.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The hypostome is an unpaired, elongated projection from the basis capituli that is inserted into the skin when the tick feeds. The hypostome contains recurved denticles (teeth) on ventral surface and a narrow channel, the food canal (= hypostomal gutter) on itsdorsal surface.
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TADS:0000009
Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-2, Fig. 4-13, Fig. 4-14, Fig. 4-16, Fig. 7-1, Fig. 7-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Hypostome
TADS:0000009
The hypostome is an unpaired, elongated projection from the basis capituli that is inserted into the skin when the tick feeds. The hypostome contains recurved denticles (teeth) on ventral surface and a narrow channel, the food canal (= hypostomal gutter) on itsdorsal surface.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Setiform tip-pore sensilla that have dendrites from gustatory neurons. These sensilla are believed to function as tastereceptors.
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TADS:0000010
Fig. 15-22, Fig. 15-23, Fig. 15-24, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
Type B single pore chemosensory sensillum
TADS:0000010
Setiform tip-pore sensilla that have dendrites from gustatory neurons. These sensilla are believed to function as tastereceptors.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The field of tiny denticles at the anterior end of the hypostome.
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Hypostomal tip denticles
TADS:0000011
adult hypostomal corona
TADS:0000011
The field of tiny denticles at the anterior end of the hypostome.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The hypostome is armed with numerous recurved denticles (= teeth) that project posteriorly. The denticles are arranged in rows,typically two or three on either side of the center line indicated by the food canal. The number of rows and number of denticles in arow provide useful characters for taxonomic separation of species.
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Teeth
TADS:0000012
Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-2, Fig. 4-13, Fig. 4-14, Fig. 4-16, Fig. 7-1, Fig. 7-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult hypostomal recuved denticle
TADS:0000012
The hypostome is armed with numerous recurved denticles (= teeth) that project posteriorly. The denticles are arranged in rows,typically two or three on either side of the center line indicated by the food canal. The number of rows and number of denticles in arow provide useful characters for taxonomic separation of species.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The chelicerae are the cutting organs used by the tick to penetrate the host's skin. Each chelicera consists of a base, a shaftand the cutting digits, both internal and external digits. The chelicerae are covered with a spinose sheath. The chelicerae are retractable.
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TADS:0000013
Fig. 7-1, Fig. 7-2, Fig. 7-6, Fig. 7-11, Fig. 15-25, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult chelicera
TADS:0000013
The chelicerae are the cutting organs used by the tick to penetrate the host's skin. Each chelicera consists of a base, a shaftand the cutting digits, both internal and external digits. The chelicerae are covered with a spinose sheath. The chelicerae are retractable.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Food channel through which blood is sucked and/or saliva is delivered.
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Food canal
Hypostomal gutter
TADS:0000014
Fig. 7-5, Fig. 7-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult preoral canal
TADS:0000014
Food channel through which blood is sucked and/or saliva is delivered.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Spinose sheath covering the cheliceral shafts but not the digits. Fuses with the dorsal covering or tectum.
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TADS:0000015
Fig. 7-5, Fig. 7-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult outer cheliceral sheath
TADS:0000015
Spinose sheath covering the cheliceral shafts but not the digits. Fuses with the dorsal covering or tectum.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Delicate inner membrane surrounding the shaft of the chelicera.
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TADS:0000016
Fig. 7-5, Fig. 7-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult inner cheliceral sheath
TADS:0000016
Delicate inner membrane surrounding the shaft of the chelicera.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Delicate membraneous sheath that can be withdrawn to expose the cheliceral digits.
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TADS:0000017
Fig. 2-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult cheliceral hood
TADS:0000017
Delicate membraneous sheath that can be withdrawn to expose the cheliceral digits.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Bublous area at the junction of the capitulum and the body which contains the muscles that move the cheliceral digits.
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TADS:0000018
Fig. 7-5, Fig. 7-11, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult cheliceral base
TADS:0000018
Bublous area at the junction of the capitulum and the body which contains the muscles that move the cheliceral digits.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Major region of the junction of the capitulum with the body that encloses the cheliceral shafts and cheliceral bases; alsoincludes the pharynx and the salivary ducts.
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TADS:0000019
Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-13, Fig. 4-14, Fig. 4-16, Fig. 7-2, Fig. 7-3, Fig. 7-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
Basis capituli
TADS:0000019
Major region of the junction of the capitulum with the body that encloses the cheliceral shafts and cheliceral bases; alsoincludes the pharynx and the salivary ducts.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Roof of the basis capituli that fuses with the outer cheliceral sheaths; also encloses the pharynx, pharyngeal dilater muscles,pharyngeal constrictor muscles and the salivary gland ducts.
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TADS:0000020
Fig. 7-5, Fig. 7-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult tectum
TADS:0000020
Roof of the basis capituli that fuses with the outer cheliceral sheaths; also encloses the pharynx, pharyngeal dilater muscles,pharyngeal constrictor muscles and the salivary gland ducts.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscles that move the cheliceral digits.
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TADS:0000021
Fig. 7-11, Fig. 7-13, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
Internal cheliceral muscles
TADS:0000021
Muscles that move the cheliceral digits.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Flexes inner digit in the lateral direction.
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TADS:0000022
Fig. 4-19, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult flexor tendon of cheliceral digit
TADS:0000022
Flexes inner digit in the lateral direction.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Extends (straightens) inner cheliceral digits towards the midline.
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TADS:0000023
Fig. 4-19, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult extensor tendon of cheliceral digit
TADS:0000023
Extends (straightens) inner cheliceral digits towards the midline.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Large, spiny anterior-most segment of the chelicera that contains cutting spines cutting into the skin of the host.
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Internal article
TADS:0000024
Fig. 4-17, Fig. 4-18, Fig. 15-25, Fig. 15-26, Fig. 15-27, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult inner cheliceral digit
TADS:0000024
Large, spiny anterior-most segment of the chelicera that contains cutting spines cutting into the skin of the host.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
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Adult external article
TADS:0000025
Fig. 4.-17, Fig. 4-18, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult outer cheliceral digit
TADS:0000025
The large, sharp tooth on the inner digit.
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TADS:0000026
Fig. 4.-17, Fig. 4-18, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult medial spine of inner cheliceral digit
TADS:0000026
The large, sharp tooth on the inner digit.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
The basal segment (=article) of the palp that is attached to the basis capituli.
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TADS:0000027
Fig. 2-9, Fig. 2-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult article I
TADS:0000027
The basal segment (=article) of the palp that is attached to the basis capituli.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
This sensillum is innervated by a single neuron believed to have a thermosensory function.
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Pore sensillum
TADS:0000028
Fig. 15-27, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult PS-1 pit sensillum
TADS:0000028
This sensillum is innervated by a single neuron believed to have a thermosensory function.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Gustatory chemosensory sensillum innervated by 11 chemosensory dendrites.
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TADS:0000029
Fig. 15-27, in Biology of Ticks. ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult PS-2 pit sensillum
TADS:0000029
Gustatory chemosensory sensillum innervated by 11 chemosensory dendrites.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Space bounded by the hypostome and chelicerae.
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TADS:0000030
Fig. 7-6, Fig. 7-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivarium
TADS:0000030
Space bounded by the hypostome and chelicerae.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The PSd-1 neuron is believed to function as a thermosensory neuron.
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TADS:0000031
adult PSd-1 neuron
TADS:0000031
The PSd-1 neuron is believed to function as a thermosensory neuron.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Large flat circular plate at the base of the inner cheliceral digit innervated by mechanosensory dendrites. The placoid sensillum is a mechanosensillum.
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Pit organ in Boophilus microplus
TADS:0000032
Fig. 15-29, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult placoid sensillum
TADS:0000032
Large flat circular plate at the base of the inner cheliceral digit innervated by mechanosensory dendrites. The placoid sensillum is a mechanosensillum.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Nerve within cheliceral digits supply mechanosensory and chemosensory (gustatory) neurons.
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TADS:0000033
Fig. 15-29, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cheliceral nerve
TADS:0000033
Nerve within cheliceral digits supply mechanosensory and chemosensory (gustatory) neurons.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Branch from cheliceral nerve containing mechanosensory dendrites.
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TADS:0000034
Fig. 15-29, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult placoid sensillum nerve branch
TADS:0000034
Branch from cheliceral nerve containing mechanosensory dendrites.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Branch comprising cluster of 11 chemosensory dendrites from cheliceral nerve to PS-2 pit sensillum.
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TADS:0000035
adult PSd-2 nerve branch
TADS:0000035
Branch comprising cluster of 11 chemosensory dendrites from cheliceral nerve to PS-2 pit sensillum.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Nerve comprising mechanosensory, chemosensory (mostly gustatory) neurons to palpal sensory field sensilla at the tip of Article IV.
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TADS:0000036
Fig. 14-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult papal nerve
TADS:0000036
Nerve comprising mechanosensory, chemosensory (mostly gustatory) neurons to palpal sensory field sensilla at the tip of Article IV.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Paired depressions on dorsal surface of the basis capituli of females containing numerous tiny pores. Function obscure. Believed to supply antioxidants preventing degradation of unsaturated lipids that comprise the waxy secretions supplied by Gene's organ. If the porose areas are blocked, Gene's organ does not function properly.
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TADS:0000037
Fig. 4-1, Fig. 7-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult porose area
TADS:0000037
Paired depressions on dorsal surface of the basis capituli of females containing numerous tiny pores. Function obscure. Believed to supply antioxidants preventing degradation of unsaturated lipids that comprise the waxy secretions supplied by Gene's organ. If the porose areas are blocked, Gene's organ does not function properly.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Dorsal plate found in all stages of all ixodid ticks; absent in Argasidae. Sclerotized plate for muscle attachment. Covers anterior region of the body in larvae, nymphs and the entire dorsal body surface in males.
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TADS:0000038
Fig. 2-2, Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-2, Fig. 4-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult scutum
TADS:0000038
Dorsal plate found in all stages of all ixodid ticks; absent in Argasidae. Sclerotized plate for muscle attachment. Covers anterior region of the body in larvae, nymphs and the entire dorsal body surface in males.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Flap like structure covering the roof of the preoral canal. Very short in ixodid ticks but long in argasid ticks and extending over the full length of the preoral canal (hypstomal gutter). In argasid ticks, the labrum can move up and down, thereby separating the blood flowing into the mouth from the saliva expelled above it into the salivarium. In argasid ticks, the labrum is hollow and filled with fluid. This is an adaptation for rapid feeding characteristic of these ticks.
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TADS:0000039
Fig. 7-12, Fig. 7-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult labrum
TADS:0000039
Flap like structure covering the roof of the preoral canal. Very short in ixodid ticks but long in argasid ticks and extending over the full length of the preoral canal (hypstomal gutter). In argasid ticks, the labrum can move up and down, thereby separating the blood flowing into the mouth from the saliva expelled above it into the salivarium. In argasid ticks, the labrum is hollow and filled with fluid. This is an adaptation for rapid feeding characteristic of these ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Opening found at the junction of the preoral canal and the anterior pharygneal valve (opening of the pharynx).
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Adult buccal cavity
TADS:0000040
Fig. 7-5, Fig. 7-6, Fig. 7-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult mouth
TADS:0000040
Opening found at the junction of the preoral canal and the anterior pharygneal valve (opening of the pharynx).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Plate for attachment of dorsal dilator muscle of the pharynx.
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Subcheliceral plate
TADS:0000041
Fig. 7-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult epistome
TADS:0000041
Plate for attachment of dorsal dilator muscle of the pharynx.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Powerful sucking organ that serves as a sucking pump to suck blood from the host during blood feeding. Surrounded by powerful constrictor and dilator muscles.
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TADS:0000042
Fig. 7-5, Fig. 7-10, Fig. 7-12, Fig. 7-13, Fig. 7-14, Fig. 7-15, Fig. 7-16, Fig. 7-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult pharynx
TADS:0000042
Powerful sucking organ that serves as a sucking pump to suck blood from the host during blood feeding. Surrounded by powerful constrictor and dilator muscles.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A system of tracheal trunks and anastomosing tracheae that extend throughout the body, capitulum and legs to supply oxygen tothe cells and tissues and remove waste CO2. The tracheae end in tracheoles within the individual tissues. Opens to the exterior via the paired spiracles on the lateral margins of the body.
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Adult tracheal system
TADS:0000043
adult respiratory system
TADS:0000043
A system of tracheal trunks and anastomosing tracheae that extend throughout the body, capitulum and legs to supply oxygen tothe cells and tissues and remove waste CO2. The tracheae end in tracheoles within the individual tissues. Opens to the exterior via the paired spiracles on the lateral margins of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The large chamber just below the ostium that connects the subostial space with the tracheal trunks.
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TADS:0000044
Fig. 12-3, Fig. 12-4, Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult atrial chamber
TADS:0000044
The large chamber just below the ostium that connects the subostial space with the tracheal trunks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cavity into which blood flows. Separated from the mouth by the anterior pharyngeal valve and the esophagus by the posterior pharyngeal valve. Tri-radial shaped cavity when collapsed, subcircular when filled with fluid.
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TADS:0000045
Fig. 7-10, Fig. 7-12, Fig. 7-15, Fig. 17-16, Fig. 17-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult pharyngeal lumen
TADS:0000045
Cavity into which blood flows. Separated from the mouth by the anterior pharyngeal valve and the esophagus by the posterior pharyngeal valve. Tri-radial shaped cavity when collapsed, subcircular when filled with fluid.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Bands of striated muscles that surround the pharynx and collapse it, driving blood posteriorly. Constrictor muscles alternate with dilator muscles to effect the characteristic pumping action.
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TADS:0000046
Fig. 7-10, Fig. 7-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult pharyngeal constrictor muscle
TADS:0000046
Bands of striated muscles that surround the pharynx and collapse it, driving blood posteriorly. Constrictor muscles alternate with dilator muscles to effect the characteristic pumping action.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Bands of striated muscles extending from the ventral internal surface of the basis capituli to the ventral surface of the pharynx. Alternating with constrictor muscles.
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TADS:0000047
Fig. 17-10, Fig. 7-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult pharyngeal ventral dilator muscle
TADS:0000047
Bands of striated muscles extending from the ventral internal surface of the basis capituli to the ventral surface of the pharynx. Alternating with constrictor muscles.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Bands of striated muscles extending from the epistome (subcheliceral plate) of the basis capituli to the dorsal surface of the pharynx. Alternating with constrictor muscles.
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TADS:0000048
Fig. 7-10, Fig. 7-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult pharyngeal dorsal dilator muscle
TADS:0000048
Bands of striated muscles extending from the epistome (subcheliceral plate) of the basis capituli to the dorsal surface of the pharynx. Alternating with constrictor muscles.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Bands of constrictor muscles extending from the lateral margins of the basis capituli to the pharynx.
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TADS:0000049
Fig. 7-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult pharyngeal lateral dilator muscle
TADS:0000049
Bands of constrictor muscles extending from the lateral margins of the basis capituli to the pharynx.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Valve at the anterior end of the pharynx and mouth opening at the end of the preoral canal.
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TADS:0000050
Fig. 7-5, Fig. 7-9, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult anterior pharyngeal valve
TADS:0000050
Valve at the anterior end of the pharynx and mouth opening at the end of the preoral canal.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
V-shaped moveable sructure (wedge) that contributes to opening and closing of the valve by fitting into the mouth at the end of the pre-oral canal, thereby opening or closing the connection to the pharynx. When the wedge is raised, the valve is opened, allowing fluid uptake. When lowered, the valve is closed by collapse of its walls and regurgitation is blocked. Opening and closing of the valve is coordinated with constriction and dilation of the pharynx to propel blood posteriorly and prevent regurgitation.
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tooth
TADS:0000051
adult v-shaped wedge
TADS:0000051
V-shaped moveable sructure (wedge) that contributes to opening and closing of the valve by fitting into the mouth at the end of the pre-oral canal, thereby opening or closing the connection to the pharynx. When the wedge is raised, the valve is opened, allowing fluid uptake. When lowered, the valve is closed by collapse of its walls and regurgitation is blocked. Opening and closing of the valve is coordinated with constriction and dilation of the pharynx to propel blood posteriorly and prevent regurgitation.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Wing-shaped sclerotized plates for support of muscles controlling the action of the pharyngeal valve, Muscle bundles extendfrom the alae to the subcheliceral plate (epistome) and from the alar surfaces to the ventral side of the basis capituli. Dilator muscles of the pharynx also attach to the alar plates. Operation of the anterior pharyngeal valve is accomplished by the contractionof the dilator muscles inserted on the wing-like alae, thereby raising or lowering the v-shaped wedge. When the wedge is raised,fluid is taken up, when lowered, it projects down into the v-shaped valve, sealing it and prevents backflow.
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Alae
TADS:0000052
adult alar plate
TADS:0000052
Wing-shaped sclerotized plates for support of muscles controlling the action of the pharyngeal valve, Muscle bundles extendfrom the alae to the subcheliceral plate (epistome) and from the alar surfaces to the ventral side of the basis capituli. Dilator muscles of the pharynx also attach to the alar plates. Operation of the anterior pharyngeal valve is accomplished by the contractionof the dilator muscles inserted on the wing-like alae, thereby raising or lowering the v-shaped wedge. When the wedge is raised,fluid is taken up, when lowered, it projects down into the v-shaped valve, sealing it and prevents backflow.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscles within the hypostome that extend from the lateral margins to the pre-oral canal (hypostomal gutter) and dilate the channel. Most prominent in argasid ticks.
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TADS:0000053
adult internal hypostomal muscle
TADS:0000053
Muscles within the hypostome that extend from the lateral margins to the pre-oral canal (hypostomal gutter) and dilate the channel. Most prominent in argasid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Ducts from the salivary glands to the salivarium. The salivary duct is easily recognized by its banded structure, resembling the taenidia of the trachea, and its connection to the salivary gland. The type I agranular acini are connected directly to the main salivary duct. Intralobular ducts connect at various locations to the main duct, transporting the secretions of the granular acini into the main duct.
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TADS:0000054
Fig. 7-5, Fig. 7-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivary ducts
TADS:0000054
Ducts from the salivary glands to the salivarium. The salivary duct is easily recognized by its banded structure, resembling the taenidia of the trachea, and its connection to the salivary gland. The type I agranular acini are connected directly to the main salivary duct. Intralobular ducts connect at various locations to the main duct, transporting the secretions of the granular acini into the main duct.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A nerve that originates in the stomadeal pons of the synganglion and runs alongside the esophagus to a hypoesophageal ganglion adjacent to the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
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stomatogastric nerve
TADS:0000055
Fig. 14-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult recurrent nerve
TADS:0000055
A nerve that originates in the stomadeal pons of the synganglion and runs alongside the esophagus to a hypoesophageal ganglion adjacent to the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Small teeth on the inner walls of the pharyngeal valve in some ixodid ticks; absent in argasid ticks. When apposed by themoveable v-shaped wedge, the teeth and wedge form a sort of grinding organ.
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TADS:0000056
adult pharyngeal valve teeth
TADS:0000056
Small teeth on the inner walls of the pharyngeal valve in some ixodid ticks; absent in argasid ticks. When apposed by themoveable v-shaped wedge, the teeth and wedge form a sort of grinding organ.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cuticle-lined duct from the end of the pharynx to the midgut. No valve has been found at the exit of the pharynx into theesophagus.
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TADS:0000057
Fig. 7-12, Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-3, Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, Fig. 14-7, Fig. 14-8, Fig. 14-16, Fig. 14-17, Fig. 14-18, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult esophagus
TADS:0000057
Cuticle-lined duct from the end of the pharynx to the midgut. No valve has been found at the exit of the pharynx into theesophagus.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Remainder of the dorsal body surface posterior to the scutum. Covered with flexible, grooved cuticle and capable of extensive expansion.
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TADS:0000058
Fig. 4-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult dorsal alloscutum
TADS:0000058
Remainder of the dorsal body surface posterior to the scutum. Covered with flexible, grooved cuticle and capable of extensive expansion.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Aperture on the ventro-lateral margin of the body. Paired structure located on opposite sides of the body at the same location. In ixodid ticks, the spiracle is located posterior to leg IV and embedded in a large spiracular plate. In argasid ticks, the spiracleis located between legs III and IV, adjacent to a small spiracular plate.
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TADS:0000059
Fig. 4-9, Fig. 4-10, Fig. 12-1, Fig. 12-2, Fig. 12-3, Fig. 12-4, Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult spiracle
TADS:0000059
Aperture on the ventro-lateral margin of the body. Paired structure located on opposite sides of the body at the same location. In ixodid ticks, the spiracle is located posterior to leg IV and embedded in a large spiracular plate. In argasid ticks, the spiracleis located between legs III and IV, adjacent to a small spiracular plate.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Plate surrounding or adjacent to spiracle on the ventro-lateral margin of the body. Large plate covered with numerous pore-likestructures in ixodid ticks, small pore-like structures in argasid ticks. Located posterior to leg IV in ixodid ticks, posterior toleg III in argasid ticks.
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TADS:0000060
Fig. 4-9, Fig. 12-1, Fig. 12-2, Fig. 12-3, Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult spiracular plate
TADS:0000060
Plate surrounding or adjacent to spiracle on the ventro-lateral margin of the body. Large plate covered with numerous pore-likestructures in ixodid ticks, small pore-like structures in argasid ticks. Located posterior to leg IV in ixodid ticks, posterior toleg III in argasid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Simple eye located on dorso-lateral margin of dorsum, adjacent to the scutum. Paired structure, one on each side of the body. In some species, the eye is located on the lateral margin of the scutum.
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TADS:0000061
Fig. 15-30, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult eye Ixodidae
TADS:0000061
Simple eye located on dorso-lateral margin of dorsum, adjacent to the scutum. Paired structure, one on each side of the body. In some species, the eye is located on the lateral margin of the scutum.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Simple eye located on the ventro-lateral margin of the body between legs III and IV. Paired structure, one on each side of thebody. Not universally present; some species are without eyes.
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TADS:0000062
Fig. 2-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult eye Argasidae
TADS:0000062
Simple eye located on the ventro-lateral margin of the body between legs III and IV. Paired structure, one on each side of thebody. Not universally present; some species are without eyes.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Paired structure on dorsal body. In females, the foveal pores are located in the alloscutal region just posterior to the scutum. In males, the much smaller foveal pores are located in the middle of the sctum. The foveal pores contain numerous tinyapertures and serve as the site for emission of the sex pheromone, 2,6-dichlorophenol. Absent in Prostriate and argasid ticks.
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Foveae
TADS:0000063
Fig. 19-3, Fig. 19-4, Fig. 19-5, Fig. 19-6, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult foveal pore
TADS:0000063
Paired structure on dorsal body. In females, the foveal pores are located in the alloscutal region just posterior to the scutum. In males, the much smaller foveal pores are located in the middle of the sctum. The foveal pores contain numerous tinyapertures and serve as the site for emission of the sex pheromone, 2,6-dichlorophenol. Absent in Prostriate and argasid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Paired multicellular glands connected to the foveal pores by simple ducts. Each gland consists of large cells filled withinnumerable lipid droplets containing sex pheromone, 2,6-dichlorophenol. Site of sex pheromone biosynthesis and secretion during female feeding.
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Sex pheromone glands
TADS:0000064
Fig. 19-15, Fig. 19-17, Fig. 19-21, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult foveal gland
TADS:0000064
Paired multicellular glands connected to the foveal pores by simple ducts. Each gland consists of large cells filled withinnumerable lipid droplets containing sex pheromone, 2,6-dichlorophenol. Site of sex pheromone biosynthesis and secretion during female feeding.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Single sensory nerve innervating the foveal glands.
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TADS:0000065
Fig. 14-21, Fig. 14-22, Fig. 14-23, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult foveal nerve
TADS:0000065
Single sensory nerve innervating the foveal glands.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Pore located in the ventral midline of the body for elimination of fecal and excretory wastes.
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Anal pore
TADS:0000066
Fig. 2-3, Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-12, Fig. 4-25, Fig. 10-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult anus
TADS:0000066
Pore located in the ventral midline of the body for elimination of fecal and excretory wastes.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Located in anterior ventral midline between the coxae of legs II and III. Location where spermatophores are inserted duringcopulation and from which ova emerge during oviposition. Subtriangular depression in ixodid females; broad, lateral slit in argasidfemales. Opens into the vestibular vagina.
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Adult female genital aperture
Adult female genital groove
TADS:0000067
Fig. 2-3, Fig. 2-5, Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-7, Fig. 16-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult female genital pore
TADS:0000067
Located in anterior ventral midline between the coxae of legs II and III. Location where spermatophores are inserted duringcopulation and from which ova emerge during oviposition. Subtriangular depression in ixodid females; broad, lateral slit in argasidfemales. Opens into the vestibular vagina.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Located in anterior ventral midline between the coxae of legs II and III. Subrectangular structure. Location from which thespermatophores are extruded from the male body during copulation. Covered by a movable flap which opens to allow the spermatophore to emerge.
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TADS:0000068
Fig. 2-3, Fig. 4-8, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult male genital pore
TADS:0000068
Located in anterior ventral midline between the coxae of legs II and III. Subrectangular structure. Location from which thespermatophores are extruded from the male body during copulation. Covered by a movable flap which opens to allow the spermatophore to emerge.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Groove in the ventral posterior mid-line of the body anterior to the anal pore in the Prostriata but posterior to the anal pore in the Metastriata.
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TADS:0000069
Fig. 2-3, Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult anal groove
TADS:0000069
Groove in the ventral posterior mid-line of the body anterior to the anal pore in the Prostriata but posterior to the anal pore in the Metastriata.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Groove that separates the dorsal and ventral regions of the body along the lateral margins. Found only in argasid ticks of thegenus Argas. A margin groove also occurs on the dorsal body surface of females of the genus Ixodes.
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TADS:0000070
Fig. 2-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult marginal groove
TADS:0000070
Groove that separates the dorsal and ventral regions of the body along the lateral margins. Found only in argasid ticks of thegenus Argas. A margin groove also occurs on the dorsal body surface of females of the genus Ixodes.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Protruding anterior extension of the body in argasid ticks of the genus Ornithodoros that obscures the capitulum in dorsal view.
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TADS:0000071
Fig. 2-6, Fig. 7-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult hood
TADS:0000071
Protruding anterior extension of the body in argasid ticks of the genus Ornithodoros that obscures the capitulum in dorsal view.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Region of the body posterior to the leg coxae that bears the spiracles and the anal aperture.
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TADS:0000072
Fig. 4-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult opisthosoma
TADS:0000072
Region of the body posterior to the leg coxae that bears the spiracles and the anal aperture.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Region of the body bearing the legs and the genital pore.
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TADS:0000073
Fig. 4-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult podosoma
TADS:0000073
Region of the body bearing the legs and the genital pore.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Sclerotized plate on the ventral surface of the males of the genus Ixodes anterior to the genital pore.
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Adult sternal plate
TADS:0000074
Fig. 2-3, Fig. 4-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult pregenital plate
TADS:0000074
Sclerotized plate on the ventral surface of the males of the genus Ixodes anterior to the genital pore.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Slerotized plate on the ventral median region of the body of males of the genus Ixodes. Located posterior to the male genitalpore but anterior to the anal pore.
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TADS:0000075
Fig. 2-3, Fig. 4-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult median plate
TADS:0000075
Slerotized plate on the ventral median region of the body of males of the genus Ixodes. Located posterior to the male genitalpore but anterior to the anal pore.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Sclerotized plate on the body of the males of the genus Ixodes located posterior to the median plate and surrounding the anal pore.
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TADS:0000076
Fig. 4-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult anal plate
TADS:0000076
Sclerotized plate on the body of the males of the genus Ixodes located posterior to the median plate and surrounding the anal pore.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Sclerotized plate on ventral opisthosomal surface of the males of the genus Ixodes lateral to the anal plate.
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TADS:0000077
Fig. 4-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult adanal plate
TADS:0000077
Sclerotized plate on ventral opisthosomal surface of the males of the genus Ixodes lateral to the anal plate.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Sclerotized plate on the ventral opisthosomal region of the males of the genus Ixodes. Located along the lateral margin of the body posterior to the spiracular plate.
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TADS:0000078
Fig. 2-3, Fig. 4-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult epimeral plate
TADS:0000078
Sclerotized plate on the ventral opisthosomal region of the males of the genus Ixodes. Located along the lateral margin of the body posterior to the spiracular plate.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Paired flap like structures on the anterior ventral surface of the body adjacent to the capitulum of argasid ticks of the genus Ornithodoros.
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TADS:0000079
Fig. 2-6, Fig. 7-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult cheek
TADS:0000079
Paired flap like structures on the anterior ventral surface of the body adjacent to the capitulum of argasid ticks of the genus Ornithodoros.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Paired glands located in the ventral anterior region inside the body of adult and nymphal argasid ticks.
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TADS:0000080
Fig. 10-1, Fig. 10-9, Fig. 10-10, Fig. 10-11, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult coxal gland
TADS:0000080
Paired glands located in the ventral anterior region inside the body of adult and nymphal argasid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Collecting tubule of each coxal gland. Consists of several regions ending distally in the coxal pore.
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Coxal duct
TADS:0000081
Fig. 10-9, Fig. 10-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult coxal tubule
TADS:0000081
Collecting tubule of each coxal gland. Consists of several regions ending distally in the coxal pore.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Tiny pore located on each side of the ventral opithosomal region of the body of argasid ticks between the coxae of legs I andII. Absent in ixodid ticks.
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Adult coxal gland aperture
TADS:0000082
Fig. 4-26, Fig. 10-9, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult coxal pore
TADS:0000082
Tiny pore located on each side of the ventral opithosomal region of the body of argasid ticks between the coxae of legs I andII. Absent in ixodid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Region of the coiled collecting duct within the body of the coxal gland. Connects to the coxal pore.
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TADS:0000083
Fig. 10-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult distal tubule of coxal gland
TADS:0000083
Region of the coiled collecting duct within the body of the coxal gland. Connects to the coxal pore.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Region of the coiled collecting duct of the coxal gland. Located entirely within the body of the coxal gland and surrounded bythe filtration membrane. Responsible for water and salt elimination and selective ion resorption.
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TADS:0000084
.. 10-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult proximal tubule of coxal gland
TADS:0000084
Region of the coiled collecting duct of the coxal gland. Located entirely within the body of the coxal gland and surrounded bythe filtration membrane. Responsible for water and salt elimination and selective ion resorption.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Highly folded delicate membrane forming the outer surface of the coxal gland of argasid ticks. Invests the interior coiledcollecting ducts in a labyrinthine network. Responsible for ultrafiltration of walter and salts from the hemolymph.
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TADS:0000085
Fig. 10-9, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult coxal gland filtration membrane
TADS:0000085
Highly folded delicate membrane forming the outer surface of the coxal gland of argasid ticks. Invests the interior coiledcollecting ducts in a labyrinthine network. Responsible for ultrafiltration of walter and salts from the hemolymph.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cells that form the lining of the coiled collecting duct of the coxal glands.
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TADS:0000086
Fig. 10-11, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult coxal tubule podocyte
TADS:0000086
Cells that form the lining of the coiled collecting duct of the coxal glands.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Ducts of the foveal glands connecting the secretory cells of the foveal glands with the foveal pores in the foveae on the body surface.
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Foveal pore tubules
TADS:0000087
Fig. 19-15, Fig. 19-16, Fig. 19-20, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult foveal duct
TADS:0000087
Ducts of the foveal glands connecting the secretory cells of the foveal glands with the foveal pores in the foveae on the body surface.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Numerous tiny slit-like pores that occur on the surface of the allocscutum in ixodid ticks. Also occur on the surface of thescutum. These pores function as mechanosensilla.
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TADS:0000088
Fig. 4-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult sensilla auriformia
TADS:0000088
Numerous tiny slit-like pores that occur on the surface of the allocscutum in ixodid ticks. Also occur on the surface of thescutum. These pores function as mechanosensilla.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Hair-like structures that occur all over the body. Most are mechanosensory in function.
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setiform sensilla
TADS:0000089
Fig. 5-1, Fig. 5-8, Fig. 5-9, Fig. 5-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult setae
TADS:0000089
Hair-like structures that occur all over the body. Most are mechanosensory in function.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Paired grooves located in the median region of the scutum in most ixodid ticks.
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TADS:0000090
Fig. 2-2, Fig. 4-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult cervical groove
TADS:0000090
Paired grooves located in the median region of the scutum in most ixodid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Paired shallow grooves that occur near the lateral regions of the scutum in some prostriate ixodid ticks.
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TADS:0000091
Fig. 2-2, Fig. 4-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult lateral groove
TADS:0000091
Paired shallow grooves that occur near the lateral regions of the scutum in some prostriate ixodid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Ridges located on the lateral sides of the scutum in some ixodid ticks.
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TADS:0000092
Fig. 2-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult lateral carina
TADS:0000092
Ridges located on the lateral sides of the scutum in some ixodid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cavity with elevated margins in the anterior region of the body within which the capitulum is situated.
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Emargination cavity (Ixodidae)
TADS:0000093
Fig. 2-6, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult camerostome
TADS:0000093
Cavity with elevated margins in the anterior region of the body within which the capitulum is situated.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Innumerable tiny folds of cuticle on the surface of the body of argasid ticks of the genus Ornithodoros. Presents a granularappearance. Absent in larvae. Absent in ixodid ticks.
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TADS:0000094
Fig. 2-4, Fig. 2-20, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult mammillae
TADS:0000094
Innumerable tiny folds of cuticle on the surface of the body of argasid ticks of the genus Ornithodoros. Presents a granularappearance. Absent in larvae. Absent in ixodid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Small rectangular plates that occur on the surface of the body of argasid ticks of the genus Argas.
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TADS:0000095
Fig. 2-4, Fig. 2-20, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult disc
TADS:0000095
Small rectangular plates that occur on the surface of the body of argasid ticks of the genus Argas.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Groove located in the ventral median opisthosomal region of the body of some argasid ticks, especially species of the genus Ornithodoros. Extends from the anus to the transverse post-anal groove. Absent in larvae.
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Median post-anal groove
TADS:0000096
Fig. 4-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult post-anal groove
TADS:0000096
Groove located in the ventral median opisthosomal region of the body of some argasid ticks, especially species of the genus Ornithodoros. Extends from the anus to the transverse post-anal groove. Absent in larvae.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Groove located near the posterior margin of the ventral opisthosomal region of some species of argasid ticks, especially in the genus Ornithodoros. Intersects with the post-anal groove. Absent in larvae.
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TADS:0000097
Fig. 4-12, Fig. 4-27, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult transverse post-anal groove
TADS:0000097
Groove located near the posterior margin of the ventral opisthosomal region of some species of argasid ticks, especially in the genus Ornithodoros. Intersects with the post-anal groove. Absent in larvae.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Numerous semi-transparent structures throughout the surface of the spiracular plate containing aeropyles within each goblet. Absent in argasid ticks.
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TADS:0000098
Fig. 12-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult goblet
TADS:0000098
Numerous semi-transparent structures throughout the surface of the spiracular plate containing aeropyles within each goblet. Absent in argasid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cavities within the spiracular plate structure represented externally by the goblets. Separated from one another by pedicels.
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TADS:0000099
adult aeropyle
TADS:0000099
Cavities within the spiracular plate structure represented externally by the goblets. Separated from one another by pedicels.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Pillars of cuticle separating the individual air spaces (aeropyles).
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TADS:0000100
Fig. 12-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult pedicel
TADS:0000100
Pillars of cuticle separating the individual air spaces (aeropyles).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Small raised structure adjacent to the ostium.
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TADS:0000101
Fig. 12-1, Fig. 12-2, Fig. 12-3, Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult macula
TADS:0000101
Small raised structure adjacent to the ostium.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Opening from the atrial chamber of the respiratory system to the exterior. In argasid ticks, pressure from the raised macula closes the ostial aperture.
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TADS:0000102
Fig. 4-9, Fig. 4-10, Fig. 12-3, Fig. 12-4, Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult ostium of the spiracle.
TADS:0000102
Opening from the atrial chamber of the respiratory system to the exterior. In argasid ticks, pressure from the raised macula closes the ostial aperture.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Prominent anteriorly protruding spine-like extension of the scutum on either side of the capitulum in some species of ixodid ticks.
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TADS:0000103
Fig. 2-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult scapula
TADS:0000103
Prominent anteriorly protruding spine-like extension of the scutum on either side of the capitulum in some species of ixodid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Fold along the dorso-lateral margin of the body in some species of ixodid ticks, separated on the medial side by the marginalgroove.
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TADS:0000104
Fig. 2-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult marginal body fold
TADS:0000104
Fold along the dorso-lateral margin of the body in some species of ixodid ticks, separated on the medial side by the marginalgroove.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Prominent folds on the ventro-lateral margins of argasid ticks adjacent to the leg coxae. The eyes, spiracles and coxal poresare located on the supracoxal folds.
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TADS:0000105
Fig. 2-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7, Fig. 25.
adult supracoxal fold
TADS:0000105
Prominent folds on the ventro-lateral margins of argasid ticks adjacent to the leg coxae. The eyes, spiracles and coxal poresare located on the supracoxal folds.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Subrectangular areas on the ventral posterior margins of the body of some species of ixodid ticks.
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TADS:0000106
Fig. 2-47, Fig. 2-48, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult festoon
TADS:0000106
Subrectangular areas on the ventral posterior margins of the body of some species of ixodid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Prominent fold on the ventral surface of the body in some argasid ticks adjacent to the leg coxae.
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TADS:0000107
Fig. 2-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult coxal fold
TADS:0000107
Prominent fold on the ventral surface of the body in some argasid ticks adjacent to the leg coxae.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The body covering consisting of the cuticle and the underlying epidermis.
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TADS:0000108
Fig. 5-1, Fig. 5-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult integument
TADS:0000108
The body covering consisting of the cuticle and the underlying epidermis.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Tissue that secretes the cuticle. Layer of epithelial cells. Also secretes enzymes that dissolve old cuticle and secrete newcuticle during molting.
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TADS:0000109
Fig. 5-1, Fig. 5-2, Fig. 5-13, Fig. 5-14, Fig. 5-15, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult epidermis
TADS:0000109
Tissue that secretes the cuticle. Layer of epithelial cells. Also secretes enzymes that dissolve old cuticle and secrete newcuticle during molting.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Dead outer part of the integument made up of primarily of protein and chitin.
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Exoskeleton
TADS:0000110
Fig. 5-1, Fig. 5-2, Fig. 5-3, Fig. 5-4, Fig. 5-5, Fig. 5-6, Fig. 5-7, Fig. 5-13, Fig. 5-14, Fig. 5-15, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult cuticle
TADS:0000110
Dead outer part of the integument made up of primarily of protein and chitin.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Thin (1 - 2 microns) outermost layer of the cuticle composed entirely of protein. This layer is not resorbed during molting butis shed during the molting process and discarded (exuviae or molted skin).
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TADS:0000111
Fig. 5-1, Fig. 5-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult epicuticle
TADS:0000111
Thin (1 - 2 microns) outermost layer of the cuticle composed entirely of protein. This layer is not resorbed during molting butis shed during the molting process and discarded (exuviae or molted skin).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Region of the cuticle under the epicuticle composed of a mixture of protein and chitin compounds. Resorbed during the ecdysial(molting) process.
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TADS:0000112
Fig. 5-1; Fig, 5-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult procuticle
TADS:0000112
Region of the cuticle under the epicuticle composed of a mixture of protein and chitin compounds. Resorbed during the ecdysial(molting) process.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Consists of numerous microfibrils perpendicular to the cuticular surface forming a striated appearance (as seen with theelectron microscope).
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TADS:0000113
adult dense homogenous layer
TADS:0000113
Consists of numerous microfibrils perpendicular to the cuticular surface forming a striated appearance (as seen with theelectron microscope).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Thin electron dense layer composed of complex tanned lipoproteins. First layer secreted during cuticle synthesis.
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Polyphenol layer of epicuticle
TADS:0000114
adult cuticulin layer
TADS:0000114
Thin electron dense layer composed of complex tanned lipoproteins. First layer secreted during cuticle synthesis.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In ixodid ticks, this is the outermost layer. Secreted by the dermal glands.
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TADS:0000115
adult wax layer
TADS:0000115
In ixodid ticks, this is the outermost layer. Secreted by the dermal glands.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Outermost layer of the epicuticle in argasid ticks. Secreted by the dermal glands. Present only in argasid ticks.
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TADS:0000116
adult cement layer
TADS:0000116
Outermost layer of the epicuticle in argasid ticks. Secreted by the dermal glands. Present only in argasid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Glands located in the integument consisting of two or three cells that secrete waxy fluids onto the cuticle via ducts. Most common type of dermal gland. In Argasidae, these glands are believed to secrete the cement layer.
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TADS:0000117
Fig. 5-11, Fig. 5-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult dermal glands Type I
TADS:0000117
Glands located in the integument consisting of two or three cells that secrete waxy fluids onto the cuticle via ducts. Most common type of dermal gland. In Argasidae, these glands are believed to secrete the cement layer.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Dermal glands located on the ventro-lateral regionof the body of the males of several African Amblyomma species. The glands comprise two or three enormously enlarged cells. These glands are reported to be the site of biosynthesis and secretion of the bont tick attraction/aggregation/attachment (AAA) pheromone. See also J. Chem. Ecology 17: 833 - 847.
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TADS:0000118
adult dermal glands Type II
TADS:0000118
Dermal glands located on the ventro-lateral regionof the body of the males of several African Amblyomma species. The glands comprise two or three enormously enlarged cells. These glands are reported to be the site of biosynthesis and secretion of the bont tick attraction/aggregation/attachment (AAA) pheromone. See also J. Chem. Ecology 17: 833 - 847.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Paired glands comprised of clusters of white multicellular acini (lobes) arranged around a common salivary duct. The salivary glands are located in the antero-lateral regions of the body. The salivary glands are among the largest glands in the body. The salivary glands are comprised of two types of acini (alveoli), agranular acini (type I acaini) located near the anterior end of the gland and up to three types of granular acini (types II, III and IV), located in the middle and posterior regions of the gland. Agranular acini open directly into the main salivary duct. The granular acini open into intralobular ducts that ramify among the acini, eventually joining the main salivary duct.
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TADS:0000119
Fig. 8-1, Fig. 8-2, Fig. 8-3, Fig. 8-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivary gland
TADS:0000119
Paired glands comprised of clusters of white multicellular acini (lobes) arranged around a common salivary duct. The salivary glands are located in the antero-lateral regions of the body. The salivary glands are among the largest glands in the body. The salivary glands are comprised of two types of acini (alveoli), agranular acini (type I acaini) located near the anterior end of the gland and up to three types of granular acini (types II, III and IV), located in the middle and posterior regions of the gland. Agranular acini open directly into the main salivary duct. The granular acini open into intralobular ducts that ramify among the acini, eventually joining the main salivary duct.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Outermost, non-lamellated region of the procuticle.
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TADS:0000120
adult exocuticle
TADS:0000120
Outermost, non-lamellated region of the procuticle.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The innermost zone of the procuticle. This region contains numerous lamellae composed of tiny microfibrils. It is permeated by innumerable tiny canaliculi that pass through the endocuticle, forming an anastomosing network of canals.
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TADS:0000121
adult Endocuticle
TADS:0000121
The innermost zone of the procuticle. This region contains numerous lamellae composed of tiny microfibrils. It is permeated by innumerable tiny canaliculi that pass through the endocuticle, forming an anastomosing network of canals.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Tiny submicroscopic or barely microscopic canaliculi normally visible only with the electron microscope. Permeate the endocuticle. Function unknown.
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TADS:0000122
adult pore canal
TADS:0000122
Tiny submicroscopic or barely microscopic canaliculi normally visible only with the electron microscope. Permeate the endocuticle. Function unknown.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Duct from the cells of the dermal gland to the exterior of the cuticle.
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TADS:0000123
adult dermal gland duct
TADS:0000123
Duct from the cells of the dermal gland to the exterior of the cuticle.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Valve-like structure at the junction of the dermal gland duct and the dermal gland cells.
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TADS:0000124
adult dermal gland ampulla
TADS:0000124
Valve-like structure at the junction of the dermal gland duct and the dermal gland cells.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Socket-like sensilla, somewhat broader than the sensilla auriformia, that occur on the surface of the alloscutum. Believed to function as strectch receptors.
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TADS:0000125
adult sensilla hastiformia
TADS:0000125
Socket-like sensilla, somewhat broader than the sensilla auriformia, that occur on the surface of the alloscutum. Believed to function as strectch receptors.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cluster of non-granular cells located along the anterior part of the salivary ducts. Also known as agranular acini. Believed to be responsible for hygroscopic regulation of water balance by direct sorption of atmospheric moisture. Type I acini secrete highlyconcentrated salty solutions into the preoral canal and suck back the dilute solutions, thereby gaining new water.
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Agranular acini
Pyramidal alveoli
TADS:0000126
Fig. 8-5, Fig. 8-6, Fig. 8-7, Fig. 8-8, Fig. 8-9, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivay gand type I acinus
TADS:0000126
Cluster of non-granular cells located along the anterior part of the salivary ducts. Also known as agranular acini. Believed to be responsible for hygroscopic regulation of water balance by direct sorption of atmospheric moisture. Type I acini secrete highlyconcentrated salty solutions into the preoral canal and suck back the dilute solutions, thereby gaining new water.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Granular acini clustered around secondary salivay ducts. Do not connect directly to the main salivary duct, but rather connectvia secondary ducts. Type II acini contain three types of granular cells, A, B and C, so-called because of differences in the granules.
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TADS:0000127
adult salivary gland type II acini
TADS:0000127
Granular acini clustered around secondary salivay ducts. Do not connect directly to the main salivary duct, but rather connectvia secondary ducts. Type II acini contain three types of granular cells, A, B and C, so-called because of differences in the granules.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A cluster of acini located primarily in the posterior region of the salivary gland, connected via secondary ducts to the mainsalivary gland duct. Comprised of three major cell types, D, E and F cells. According to Jaworski et al (1992), the cement compoundsused to bind the tick mouthparts to the host skin are elaborated in the D and E cells of these acini. Bishop et al (2002) report acement protein from the type E cells of the type III acini in Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. The F cell is transformed during bloodfeeding by membrane infolding to form an enormous labyrinthe system for extracting water and salts from the hemolymph and secreting them into the salivary ducts for excretion back into the host. The type III acini are the primary sites for development of sporozoites of Theileria parva, the agent of East Coast Fever.
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TADS:0000128
Fig. 8-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivary gland type III acini
TADS:0000128
A cluster of acini located primarily in the posterior region of the salivary gland, connected via secondary ducts to the mainsalivary gland duct. Comprised of three major cell types, D, E and F cells. According to Jaworski et al (1992), the cement compoundsused to bind the tick mouthparts to the host skin are elaborated in the D and E cells of these acini. Bishop et al (2002) report acement protein from the type E cells of the type III acini in Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. The F cell is transformed during bloodfeeding by membrane infolding to form an enormous labyrinthe system for extracting water and salts from the hemolymph and secreting them into the salivary ducts for excretion back into the host. The type III acini are the primary sites for development of sporozoites of Theileria parva, the agent of East Coast Fever.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Type of cell found in the Type II acini of the salivary glands in ixodid ticks. Type A cells contain numerous granules ofunknown function.
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TADS:0000129
adult salivary gland A cell
TADS:0000129
Type of cell found in the Type II acini of the salivary glands in ixodid ticks. Type A cells contain numerous granules ofunknown function.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cells found in the Type II acini. Crause et al (1993) reported finding that tick toxin from three species of ixodid ticks wasidentified in these cells by immunocytochemical assay.
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TADS:0000130
adult salivary gland B cell
TADS:0000130
Cells found in the Type II acini. Crause et al (1993) reported finding that tick toxin from three species of ixodid ticks wasidentified in these cells by immunocytochemical assay.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cell type found in the Type II acini of the salivay glands of ixodid ticks.
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TADS:0000131
adult salivary gland C cell
TADS:0000131
Cell type found in the Type II acini of the salivay glands of ixodid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Large cell in the center of the acini in direct contact with the main salivary duct. The membrane is folded into a labyrinthine network with the lamellae oriented from the apex to the periphery of the cells. This profusion of densely packed lamellae almost all oriented in the same direction gives the acinus its characteristic foliate or striate appearance when viewed with the light microscope.
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Central lamellate cell
TADS:0000132
Fig. 8-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivary gland type I central cell
TADS:0000132
Large cell in the center of the acini in direct contact with the main salivary duct. The membrane is folded into a labyrinthine network with the lamellae oriented from the apex to the periphery of the cells. This profusion of densely packed lamellae almost all oriented in the same direction gives the acinus its characteristic foliate or striate appearance when viewed with the light microscope.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Large cells located along the peripheral margins of the type I acini. The cytoplasm of the peripheral cells also exhibits anenormous proliferation of lamellate sheets at their hemolymph borders contributing their striate appearance when viewed with the light microscope.
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Neck cells
Peripheral lamellate cells
TADS:0000133
Fig. 8-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivary gland type I peripheral cell
TADS:0000133
Large cells located along the peripheral margins of the type I acini. The cytoplasm of the peripheral cells also exhibits anenormous proliferation of lamellate sheets at their hemolymph borders contributing their striate appearance when viewed with the light microscope.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cells reponsible for secreting the intralobular acinar duct. In type I acini, the acinar duct is extremely short and leads directly into the main salivary duct. Thus the agranular type I acini appear to communicate directly with the main salivary duct. In the type II and type III acini, the acinar duct is bifurcated and communicates with the secondary ducts, not the main salivary duct.
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Neck cells
TADS:0000134
Fig. 8-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivary gland peritubular cell
TADS:0000134
Cells reponsible for secreting the intralobular acinar duct. In type I acini, the acinar duct is extremely short and leads directly into the main salivary duct. Thus the agranular type I acini appear to communicate directly with the main salivary duct. In the type II and type III acini, the acinar duct is bifurcated and communicates with the secondary ducts, not the main salivary duct.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Bifurcate ducts from within the acini that coalesce and fuse with the main salivary duct. Salivary fluids from the acini are transported via these secondary ducts to the main salivary duct for transport to the exterior.
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Acinar duct
Secondary salivary ducts
TADS:0000135
Fig. 8-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivary gland intralobular duct
TADS:0000135
Bifurcate ducts from within the acini that coalesce and fuse with the main salivary duct. Salivary fluids from the acini are transported via these secondary ducts to the main salivary duct for transport to the exterior.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
These cells occur along the outer edges of the type II or type III acini, sandwiched between the much larger granule-filled secretory cells.
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TADS:0000136
Fig. 8-10, Fig. 8-12, Fig. 8-13, Fig. 8-14, Fig. 8-15, Fig. 8-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivary gland granular acini ablumenal cell
TADS:0000136
These cells occur along the outer edges of the type II or type III acini, sandwiched between the much larger granule-filled secretory cells.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Long narrow cells that are situated between the much larger granular secretory cells and extend from the central lumen almost to the periphery of the acinus. During feeding, the adlumenal cells enlarge and function as myoepithelial cells.
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TADS:0000137
Fig. 8-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivary gland granular acini adlumenal interstitial cell
TADS:0000137
Long narrow cells that are situated between the much larger granular secretory cells and extend from the central lumen almost to the periphery of the acinus. During feeding, the adlumenal cells enlarge and function as myoepithelial cells.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A type of granular acinus found only in males of ixodid ticks.
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TADS:0000138
adult salivary gland type IV acini
TADS:0000138
A type of granular acinus found only in males of ixodid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cell type found in the type III acini of the salivary gland. Each D cell occurs near the acinar duct and resembles the A cells of the type II acini. The D cells contains heterogenous, compound granules composed of numerous subunits. The D and E cells are believed to secrete the compound or compounds that are a part of the attachment cement ( A 90 kDa protein homologous in part with a smaller protein found in the cement cone).
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TADS:0000139
Fig. 8-10, Fig. 8-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivary gland D cell
TADS:0000139
Cell type found in the type III acini of the salivary gland. Each D cell occurs near the acinar duct and resembles the A cells of the type II acini. The D cells contains heterogenous, compound granules composed of numerous subunits. The D and E cells are believed to secrete the compound or compounds that are a part of the attachment cement ( A 90 kDa protein homologous in part with a smaller protein found in the cement cone).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cell type found in the Type III acini of the salivary glands. This is the dominant cell type found in the Type III acini. These cells are filled with numerous homogeneous granules up to 6 microns in diameter. These granules are composed of numerous densely packed subunits. E cells are also (along with D cells) believed to the site of biosynthesis and secretion of the cement compounds. These cells deplete the granules soon after attachment and gradually atrophy as feeding progresses.
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TADS:0000140
Fig. 8-10, Fig. 8-13, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivary gland E cell
TADS:0000140
Cell type found in the Type III acini of the salivary glands. This is the dominant cell type found in the Type III acini. These cells are filled with numerous homogeneous granules up to 6 microns in diameter. These granules are composed of numerous densely packed subunits. E cells are also (along with D cells) believed to the site of biosynthesis and secretion of the cement compounds. These cells deplete the granules soon after attachment and gradually atrophy as feeding progresses.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cell found in the type III acini of the salivary gland. These cells deplete their granules within two days after attachment. Thereafter, they transform, develop an elaborate basal labyrinth and a huge intra-acinar lumen. They complete their transformation and their fullest development during the period of rapid engorgement. They are now specialized for rapid water and electrolyte secretion which enables the tick to suck huge quantities of blood while eliminating the excess blood meal water.
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Vacuolar cells
Water cell
TADS:0000141
Fig. 8-10: Fig. 8-13, Fig. 8-14, Fig. 8-15, Fig. 8-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivary gland F cell
TADS:0000141
Cell found in the type III acini of the salivary gland. These cells deplete their granules within two days after attachment. Thereafter, they transform, develop an elaborate basal labyrinth and a huge intra-acinar lumen. They complete their transformation and their fullest development during the period of rapid engorgement. They are now specialized for rapid water and electrolyte secretion which enables the tick to suck huge quantities of blood while eliminating the excess blood meal water.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Undifferentiated cells (stem cells) from which all other cell types differentiate during and after feeding.
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Stem cells
TADS:0000142
Fig. 9-6, Fig. 9-10, Fig. 9-14, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult midgut lining UDC cell
TADS:0000142
Undifferentiated cells (stem cells) from which all other cell types differentiate during and after feeding.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Secretory cells filled with spherical secretion granuls. The secretions of the Type IV acini are believed to contribute somecomponent of the saliva that reduces spermatophore adhesion during copulation so t hat the spermatophore can be transferred to the female genital pore without adhering to other body structures.
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TADS:0000143
adult salivary gland G cell
TADS:0000143
Secretory cells filled with spherical secretion granuls. The secretions of the Type IV acini are believed to contribute somecomponent of the saliva that reduces spermatophore adhesion during copulation so t hat the spermatophore can be transferred to the female genital pore without adhering to other body structures.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Small, secondary ducts that connect the individual granular acini to the main salivary duct.
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TADS:0000144
Fig. 8-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivary gland lobular duct
TADS:0000144
Small, secondary ducts that connect the individual granular acini to the main salivary duct.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Temporary lumen that forms in the Type III acinus during the later stages of blood feeding when the F cells transforms and prepares the acinus for water elimination.
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TADS:0000145
Fig. 8-10, Fig. 8-17, Fig. 8-18, Fig. 8-19, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult salivary gland acinar lumen
TADS:0000145
Temporary lumen that forms in the Type III acinus during the later stages of blood feeding when the F cells transforms and prepares the acinus for water elimination.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
System consisting of the heart, aorta, periganglionic sinus, pericardial sinus, dorsal and ventral anterior sinuses and the four pedal arteries.
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TADS:0000146
Fig. 11.1, 11.2.
adult circulatory system
TADS:0000146
System consisting of the heart, aorta, periganglionic sinus, pericardial sinus, dorsal and ventral anterior sinuses and the four pedal arteries.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
An elongated thin walled, saclike structure composed of a layer of epithelium and smooth muscle fibers located in the dorsal mid line of the body lying just below the paired dorsal foveae.
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TADS:0000147
Fig. 11-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult heart
TADS:0000147
An elongated thin walled, saclike structure composed of a layer of epithelium and smooth muscle fibers located in the dorsal mid line of the body lying just below the paired dorsal foveae.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A thin membranous epithelial sac that surrounds heart and separates it from the hemocoel. The pericardial sinus filters the hemolymph that diffuses into the pericardial sinus before entering the heart.
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TADS:0000148
adult pericardial sinus
TADS:0000148
A thin membranous epithelial sac that surrounds heart and separates it from the hemocoel. The pericardial sinus filters the hemolymph that diffuses into the pericardial sinus before entering the heart.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Narrow hemolymph-filled cavity surrounding the synganglion and continuous with the pericardial sinus.
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TADS:0000149
Fig. 11-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult periganglionic sinus
TADS:0000149
Narrow hemolymph-filled cavity surrounding the synganglion and continuous with the pericardial sinus.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Bulbous thickened posterior region of the heart. This is the pulsatile region. The heart muscle is especially thickened here with bands of striated muscle oriented circularly. Constriction of the muscles in this region drives the hemolymph anteriorly.
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TADS:0000150
Fig. 11-1, in Biology of Ticks.
adult heart pulsatile region
TADS:0000150
Bulbous thickened posterior region of the heart. This is the pulsatile region. The heart muscle is especially thickened here with bands of striated muscle oriented circularly. Constriction of the muscles in this region drives the hemolymph anteriorly.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cone shaped anterior region that fuses with the aorta. In the anterior region, the heart is cone-shaped with the muscles oriented longitudinally. An aortic valve located at the junction between the end of the anterior region and the aorta prevents backflow.
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Aortic myocardial zone
TADS:0000151
Fig. 11-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult heart anterior region
TADS:0000151
Cone shaped anterior region that fuses with the aorta. In the anterior region, the heart is cone-shaped with the muscles oriented longitudinally. An aortic valve located at the junction between the end of the anterior region and the aorta prevents backflow.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Two pairs of ostia occur, two on either side, in the bulbous posterior region. The ostia are surrounded by muscle bandsfascilitating their closure. This prevent backflow when the heart muscles constract.
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TADS:0000152
Fig. 11-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult heart ostium
TADS:0000152
Two pairs of ostia occur, two on either side, in the bulbous posterior region. The ostia are surrounded by muscle bandsfascilitating their closure. This prevent backflow when the heart muscles constract.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Valve located between the junction of the anterior region of the heart and the aorta. This valve opens when the heart muscles contract, but prevents backflow when the heart relaxes.
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TADS:0000153
adult heart aortic valve.
TADS:0000153
Valve located between the junction of the anterior region of the heart and the aorta. This valve opens when the heart muscles contract, but prevents backflow when the heart relaxes.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Short, muscular tube that connects the heart with the periganglionic sinus.
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TADS:0000154
Fig. 11-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult aorta
TADS:0000154
Short, muscular tube that connects the heart with the periganglionic sinus.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscle bands that contribute to dilation of the heart.
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TADS:0000155
Fig. 11-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult dorsolateral suspensory muscles of the heart
TADS:0000155
Muscle bands that contribute to dilation of the heart.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscles that contribute to the dilation of the heart.
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TADS:0000156
Fig. 11-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult ventrolateral suspensory muscles of the heart
TADS:0000156
Muscles that contribute to the dilation of the heart.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
"Blood vessel" that extends from the periganglionic sinus towards the anterior end of the body.
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TADS:0000157
Fig. 11-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult anterior sinus
TADS:0000157
"Blood vessel" that extends from the periganglionic sinus towards the anterior end of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Vessel from the periganglionic sinus that surrounds the first pedal nerve trunk.
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TADS:0000158
Fig. 11-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult pedal artery I
TADS:0000158
Vessel from the periganglionic sinus that surrounds the first pedal nerve trunk.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Vessel from the periganglionic sinus that surrounds the second pedal nerve trunk.
default_namespace
TADS:0000159
Fig. 11-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult pedal artery II
TADS:0000159
Vessel from the periganglionic sinus that surrounds the second pedal nerve trunk.
ISBN:05-19-505910-7
Vessel from the periganglionic sinus that surrounds the third pedal nerve trunk.
default_namespace
TADS:0000160
Fig. 11-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult pedal artery III
TADS:0000160
Vessel from the periganglionic sinus that surrounds the third pedal nerve trunk.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Vessel from the periganglionic sinus that surrounds the fourth pedal nerve trunk.
default_namespace
TADS:0000161
Fig. 11-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult pedal artery IV
TADS:0000161
Vessel from the periganglionic sinus that surrounds the fourth pedal nerve trunk.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In ixodid ticks, this system includes the malpighian tubules, the intestine, the rectal sac, and the anus. In argasid ticks, italso includes the coxal glands.
default_namespace
TADS:0000162
adult excretory system
TADS:0000162
In ixodid ticks, this system includes the malpighian tubules, the intestine, the rectal sac, and the anus. In argasid ticks, italso includes the coxal glands.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of thin-walled extremely long, coiled and folded tubules that extend throughout the body. The wall of the malpighiantubules consists of cuboidal or sub-cuboidal epithelial cells. Each malpighian tubule connects to the rectal sac on its lateralmargins. Responsible for extraction and elimination of nitrogenous waste. Normally, the malpighian tubules are filled withsubspherical guanine crystals which are produced in this location.
default_namespace
TADS:0000163
Fig. 10-1, Fig. 10-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult malpighian tubule
TADS:0000163
A pair of thin-walled extremely long, coiled and folded tubules that extend throughout the body. The wall of the malpighiantubules consists of cuboidal or sub-cuboidal epithelial cells. Each malpighian tubule connects to the rectal sac on its lateralmargins. Responsible for extraction and elimination of nitrogenous waste. Normally, the malpighian tubules are filled withsubspherical guanine crystals which are produced in this location.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Region of the alimentary system concerned with waste accumulation and water resorption. The hindgut is comprised of the intestine, the rectal sac and the rectum (rectal canal or anal canal).
default_namespace
TADS:0000164
Fig. 6-1, Fig. 6-2, Fig. 6-3, Fig. 10-1, Fig. 10-2, Fig. 10-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult hindgut
TADS:0000164
Region of the alimentary system concerned with waste accumulation and water resorption. The hindgut is comprised of the intestine, the rectal sac and the rectum (rectal canal or anal canal).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Short thin tube connecting the midgut with the rectal sac. Absent in some species of argasid ticks.
default_namespace
Rectal tube
TADS:0000165
Fig. 10-1;in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult intestine
TADS:0000165
Short thin tube connecting the midgut with the rectal sac. Absent in some species of argasid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Large thin-walled organ located in the posterior region of the body. Connected to the midgut by the intestine and to theexterior of the body by the anus. A pair of malpighian tubules connect to the rectal sac on either side. The rectal sac is filled with guanine crystals and fills with hematin and other wastes from the midgut during blood feeding. The hindgut is believed to be responsible for some water and selective salt resorption and may also be responsible for excreting nitrogenous wastes. The rectal sacis a simple sac in ixodid ticks, but bifurcated in argasid ticks.
default_namespace
TADS:0000166
Fig. 6-1, Fig. 6-2, Fig. 6-3, Fig. 10-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult rectal sac
TADS:0000166
Large thin-walled organ located in the posterior region of the body. Connected to the midgut by the intestine and to theexterior of the body by the anus. A pair of malpighian tubules connect to the rectal sac on either side. The rectal sac is filled with guanine crystals and fills with hematin and other wastes from the midgut during blood feeding. The hindgut is believed to be responsible for some water and selective salt resorption and may also be responsible for excreting nitrogenous wastes. The rectal sacis a simple sac in ixodid ticks, but bifurcated in argasid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Short cuticle-lined tube connecting the rectal sac to the anus (anal pore). The rectal wall consists of a thin layer ofepithelial cells on a delicate basement membrane.
default_namespace
Anal canal
Rectal canal
TADS:0000167
Fig. 10-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult rectum
TADS:0000167
Short cuticle-lined tube connecting the rectal sac to the anus (anal pore). The rectal wall consists of a thin layer ofepithelial cells on a delicate basement membrane.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A thin layer of cuboidal cells covered with innumerable microvilli on their lumenal surfaces that forms the inner lining of the malpighian tubules.
default_namespace
TADS:0000168
Fig. 10-4, Fig. 10-5, Fig. 10-7, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult malpighian tubule epithelial lining
TADS:0000168
A thin layer of cuboidal cells covered with innumerable microvilli on their lumenal surfaces that forms the inner lining of the malpighian tubules.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A thin layer of squamous epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells that form the outer wall of the malpighian tubules.
default_namespace
TADS:0000169
Fig. 10-7, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult malpighian tubule outer layer
TADS:0000169
A thin layer of squamous epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells that form the outer wall of the malpighian tubules.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
System comprising the foregut, midgut and hindgut. System for ingesting host blood, digesting it and eliminating wastes fromblood feeding.
default_namespace
TADS:0000170
adult alimentary system
TADS:0000170
System comprising the foregut, midgut and hindgut. System for ingesting host blood, digesting it and eliminating wastes fromblood feeding.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Region of the alimentary canal where digestion of the blood meal takes place. The midgut is the largest organ in the body ofthe tick.
default_namespace
TADS:0000171
Fig. 6-1, Fig. 6-2, Fig. 6-3, Fig. 9-1, Fig. 9-2, Fig. 9-4, Fig. 9-5, Fig. 9-6, Fig. 9-9, Fig. 9-10, Fig. 9-14, Fig. 9-15, Fig. 9-16, Fig. 9-17, Fig. 9-18, Fig. 9-19, Fig. 9-20, Fig. 9-24, Fig. 9-26, Fig. 9-27, Fig. 9-28, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult midgut
TADS:0000171
Region of the alimentary canal where digestion of the blood meal takes place. The midgut is the largest organ in the body ofthe tick.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cenral part of the midgut from which various diverticula emerge and spread in all three planes throughout the body. At the anterior end of the stomach is the proventriculus. The posterior end of the stomach is connected to the intestine through which wastes pass to the rectal sac.
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Ventriculus
TADS:0000172
Fig. 6-1, Fig. 6-2, Fig. 6-3, Fig. 9-2, Fig. 9-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult stomach
TADS:0000172
Cenral part of the midgut from which various diverticula emerge and spread in all three planes throughout the body. At the anterior end of the stomach is the proventriculus. The posterior end of the stomach is connected to the intestine through which wastes pass to the rectal sac.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Paired midgut diverticula that extend from the anterior diverticulum and proceed anteriorly into the median region of the bodytowards the capitulum.
default_namespace
TADS:0000173
Fig. 6-3, Fig. 9-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult anterior median diverticulum
TADS:0000173
Paired midgut diverticula that extend from the anterior diverticulum and proceed anteriorly into the median region of the bodytowards the capitulum.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Paired midgut diverticula that extend from antero-median diverticula anterolaterally into the lateral regions of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000174
Fig. 6-3, Fig. 9-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult anterior lateral diverticulum
TADS:0000174
Paired midgut diverticula that extend from antero-median diverticula anterolaterally into the lateral regions of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Paired midgut diverticula that extend from the stomach (ventriculus) anteriorly and subdivide into the anterior median and theanterior lateral diverticula.
default_namespace
TADS:0000175
Fig. 9-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult midgut anterior diverticula
TADS:0000175
Paired midgut diverticula that extend from the stomach (ventriculus) anteriorly and subdivide into the anterior median and theanterior lateral diverticula.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Paired midgut diverticula that extend from the stomach (ventriculus) to the lateral regions of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000176
Fig. 6-3, Fig. 9-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult midgut lateral diverticula
TADS:0000176
Paired midgut diverticula that extend from the stomach (ventriculus) to the lateral regions of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Paired diverticula that extend from the stomach (ventriculus) to the postero-lateral margins of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000177
Fig. 6-3, Fig. 9-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult midgut postero-lateral diverticulum
TADS:0000177
Paired diverticula that extend from the stomach (ventriculus) to the postero-lateral margins of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Paired diverticula that emerge from the postero-median region of the stomach (ventriculus) and extend into the mid-posteriorregions of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000178
Fig. 6-3, Fig. 9-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult midgut postero-median diverticula
TADS:0000178
Paired diverticula that emerge from the postero-median region of the stomach (ventriculus) and extend into the mid-posteriorregions of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Valve located at the junction of the esophagus and the antero-ventral region of the stomach portion of the midgut. The proventriculus is surrounded by several layers of smooth muscle fibers. The proventriculus opens when the pharynx contracts, allowing ingested blood to enter the midgut, but closes when the pharynx dilates. The latter is believed to prevent regurgitation of blood from the midgut back into the host. However, this remains a controversial issue since some authors (e.g., Burgdorfer et al. 1989) have argued that regurgitation can occur while others (Riberio et al. 1987) consider it unlikely. Connat (1991, Parasitol. Res. 77: 452 -454) showed compelling evidence of regurgitation using tritiated ecdysteroids). Thus, it appears that there is good evidence that it can occur in argasid ticks. Whether it can also occur in ixodid ticks is uncertain.
default_namespace
TADS:0000179
Fig. 14-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult proventriculus
TADS:0000179
Valve located at the junction of the esophagus and the antero-ventral region of the stomach portion of the midgut. The proventriculus is surrounded by several layers of smooth muscle fibers. The proventriculus opens when the pharynx contracts, allowing ingested blood to enter the midgut, but closes when the pharynx dilates. The latter is believed to prevent regurgitation of blood from the midgut back into the host. However, this remains a controversial issue since some authors (e.g., Burgdorfer et al. 1989) have argued that regurgitation can occur while others (Riberio et al. 1987) consider it unlikely. Connat (1991, Parasitol. Res. 77: 452 -454) showed compelling evidence of regurgitation using tritiated ecdysteroids). Thus, it appears that there is good evidence that it can occur in argasid ticks. Whether it can also occur in ixodid ticks is uncertain.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Layer of epithelial cells comprising multiple cell types that carry out the secretory, absorptive and digestive functions of the midgut.
default_namespace
TADS:0000180
Fig. 9-4, Fig. 9-5, Fig. 9-6, Fig. 9-9, Fig. 9-10, Fig. 9-14, Fig. 9-15, Fig. 9-16, Fig. 9-17, Fig. 9-18, Fig. 9-19, Fig. 9-20, Fig. 9-21, Fig. 9-24, Fig. 9-26, Fig. 9-27, Fig. 9-28, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult midgut epithelial lining
TADS:0000180
Layer of epithelial cells comprising multiple cell types that carry out the secretory, absorptive and digestive functions of the midgut.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The outer layer of the midgut comprising a single layer of elongated smooth muscle cells that form the outer wall of this organ.
default_namespace
TADS:0000181
Fig. 9-6, Fig. 9-20, Fig. 9-27, Fig. 9-28, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult midgut smooth muscle layer
TADS:0000181
The outer layer of the midgut comprising a single layer of elongated smooth muscle cells that form the outer wall of this organ.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Early stage digestive cell concerned with hemoglobin digestion. DGC I cells enlarge greatly during the early growth phase offeeding prior to mating. They fill with numerous inclusion bodies (phagolysosomes) containing hemoglobin in varying phases ofdigestion, but little hematin.
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De cells
TADS:0000182
Fig. 9-14, Fig. 9-15, Fig. 9-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult midgut DGC I cell
TADS:0000182
Early stage digestive cell concerned with hemoglobin digestion. DGC I cells enlarge greatly during the early growth phase offeeding prior to mating. They fill with numerous inclusion bodies (phagolysosomes) containing hemoglobin in varying phases ofdigestion, but little hematin.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Midgut digestive cell in advanced stage of hemoglobin digestion. DGC II cells enlarge greatly and fill with masses of blackhematin residues which accumulate near the distal, luminal sides of the cells. Eventually, these cells rupture and their remnantsfloat freely in the midgut lumen.
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Dm cells
SDS cells
TADS:0000183
Fig. 9-15; 9-24, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Midgut DGC II cell
TADS:0000183
Midgut digestive cell in advanced stage of hemoglobin digestion. DGC II cells enlarge greatly and fill with masses of blackhematin residues which accumulate near the distal, luminal sides of the cells. Eventually, these cells rupture and their remnantsfloat freely in the midgut lumen.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Differential epithelial cell that enlarge greatly during feeding and become flask shaped in appearance and fill with largenumbes of granule-filled vesicles. Secretion is accomplished by expulsion of the secretory granules (exocytosis). Coons et al (1986)dispute the existence of secretory cells and claim that they are merely different phases of digestive cell activity.
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S1e cells
S1m cells
S2e cells
TADS:0000184
Fig. 9-15; 9-24, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult midgut secretory cell
TADS:0000184
Differential epithelial cell that enlarge greatly during feeding and become flask shaped in appearance and fill with largenumbes of granule-filled vesicles. Secretion is accomplished by expulsion of the secretory granules (exocytosis). Coons et al (1986)dispute the existence of secretory cells and claim that they are merely different phases of digestive cell activity.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The internal cavity within the midgut where ingested blood is contained and wastes from blood meal digestion accumulate.
default_namespace
TADS:0000185
Fig. 9-10, Fig. 9-17, Fig. 9-18, Fig. 9-19, Fig. 9-20, Fig. 9-22, Fig. 9-23, Fig. 9-24;Fig. 9-27, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult midgut lumen
TADS:0000185
The internal cavity within the midgut where ingested blood is contained and wastes from blood meal digestion accumulate.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Region of the alimentary system comprising the preoral canal (hypostomal groove or gutter), mouth, pharynx, esophagus andproventriculus.
default_namespace
TADS:0000186
Fig. 7-5, Fig. 7-6, Fig. 7-9, Fig. 7-10, Fig. 7-12;Fig. 7-13, Fig. 7-14, Fig. 7-15, Fig. 7-16, Fig. 7-17, Fig. 7-18, Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-3, Fig. 14-8, Fig. 14-16, Fig. 14-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult foregut
TADS:0000186
Region of the alimentary system comprising the preoral canal (hypostomal groove or gutter), mouth, pharynx, esophagus andproventriculus.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
This system consists of the synganglion, the peripheral nerves and the neuroendocrine systems consisting of 1) clusters ofneurosecretory cells located in specialized neurosecretory centers in the synganglion proper and 2) neurohaemal organs or tissuesadjacent to the synganglion.
default_namespace
TADS:0000187
adult nervours/neuroendocrine system
TADS:0000187
This system consists of the synganglion, the peripheral nerves and the neuroendocrine systems consisting of 1) clusters ofneurosecretory cells located in specialized neurosecretory centers in the synganglion proper and 2) neurohaemal organs or tissuesadjacent to the synganglion.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The synganglion constitutes the entire central nervous of the tick. There is no separate brain or ventral nerve chord. The synganglion is located in the midventral region of the body immediately posterior to the genital pore in adults or the location where the genital pore will form in immature specimens. The synganglion is a small white organ approximately 0.5 mm wide by 0.4 - .05 mm long. The esophagus penetrates through the synganglion, entering more or less from the anterior ventral side and emerging near theposterior dorsal side of the organ.
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BRAIN
TADS:0000188
Fig. 6-1, Fig. 6-2, Fig. 6-3, Fig. 14-1, Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-3, Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, Fig. 14-16, Fig. 14-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion
TADS:0000188
The synganglion constitutes the entire central nervous of the tick. There is no separate brain or ventral nerve chord. The synganglion is located in the midventral region of the body immediately posterior to the genital pore in adults or the location where the genital pore will form in immature specimens. The synganglion is a small white organ approximately 0.5 mm wide by 0.4 - .05 mm long. The esophagus penetrates through the synganglion, entering more or less from the anterior ventral side and emerging near theposterior dorsal side of the organ.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Region of the synganglion lying anterior and dorsal to the esophagus. It is the smaller of the two major regions of the synganglion. It contains protocerebrumm cheliceral, palpal, optic ganglia and the stomadeal pons. An unpaired pharyngeal nerve andthe recurrent nerve also originate here and innervate the pharynx and the esophagus, respectively. The recurrent nerve runs alongside the esophagus to a hypoesophageal ganglion adjacent to the retrocerebral organ (ROC).
default_namespace
TADS:0000189
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-3, Fig. 14-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion supraessophageal region
TADS:0000189
Region of the synganglion lying anterior and dorsal to the esophagus. It is the smaller of the two major regions of the synganglion. It contains protocerebrumm cheliceral, palpal, optic ganglia and the stomadeal pons. An unpaired pharyngeal nerve andthe recurrent nerve also originate here and innervate the pharynx and the esophagus, respectively. The recurrent nerve runs alongside the esophagus to a hypoesophageal ganglion adjacent to the retrocerebral organ (ROC).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Region of the synganglion located ventral and posterior to the esophagus, hence the name. It is the largest part of the synganglion. It contains the 4 pairs of pedal ganglia, the olfactory ganglia and the opisthosomal (= ventral) ganglia.
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Hyperesophageal ganglion
TADS:0000190
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-3, Fig. 14-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion subesophageal region
TADS:0000190
Region of the synganglion located ventral and posterior to the esophagus, hence the name. It is the largest part of the synganglion. It contains the 4 pairs of pedal ganglia, the olfactory ganglia and the opisthosomal (= ventral) ganglia.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Thin layer of squamous epithelial cells that form the outer wall of the periganglionic sinus.
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TADS:0000191
Fig. 11-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult periganglionic sheath
TADS:0000191
Thin layer of squamous epithelial cells that form the outer wall of the periganglionic sinus.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The neurilemma forms the outermost part of the synganglion. It consists of a layer of fibrous material organized in repititivelayers of fine lamellae and finely granular material in a sheath 2 - 5 microns thick.
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TADS:0000192
Fig. 14-10;Fig. 14-11, Fig. 14-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion neurilemma
TADS:0000192
The neurilemma forms the outermost part of the synganglion. It consists of a layer of fibrous material organized in repititivelayers of fine lamellae and finely granular material in a sheath 2 - 5 microns thick.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
This structure lies immediately below the perineurium. It consists of a complex multiple layer of gmostly lial cells and their processes.
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TADS:0000193
Fig. 14-10, Fig. 14-11, Fig. 14-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion perineurium.
TADS:0000193
This structure lies immediately below the perineurium. It consists of a complex multiple layer of gmostly lial cells and their processes.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Outer region of the synganglion containing the neuron cell bodies and the various neurosecretory centers.
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Cortex
TADS:0000194
Fig. 14-11, Fig. 14-12, Fig. 14-13, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion cortical zone
TADS:0000194
Outer region of the synganglion containing the neuron cell bodies and the various neurosecretory centers.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Innermost region of the synganglion containing the fiber tracts made up of numerous axons and dendrites.
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TADS:0000195
Fig. 14-6, Fig. 14-13, Fig. 14-14, Fig. 14-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion neuropile
TADS:0000195
Innermost region of the synganglion containing the fiber tracts made up of numerous axons and dendrites.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Type I neurons have perikarya that usually range in size from 6 - 9 microns (rarely, 27 - 35 microns). They have a pyriform shape narrowing at end one to funicle from which the axon and the dendrite diverge. They have a low cytoplasmic: nuclear ratio. Type I neurons are believed to function as motor neurons or motor-association neurons.
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TADS:0000196
Fig. 14-11, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion cortical zone neuron type I
TADS:0000196
Type I neurons have perikarya that usually range in size from 6 - 9 microns (rarely, 27 - 35 microns). They have a pyriform shape narrowing at end one to funicle from which the axon and the dendrite diverge. They have a low cytoplasmic: nuclear ratio. Type I neurons are believed to function as motor neurons or motor-association neurons.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Type II neurons are neurosecretory (NS) cells, 25 - 40 microns in size and filled with masses of neurosecretory vesicles. They have much larger cytoplasmic: nuclear ratio than the type I cells. Type II cells are located in neurosecretory centers.
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neurosecretory cells
TADS:0000197
Fig. 14-11, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion cortical zone neuron type II
TADS:0000197
Type II neurons are neurosecretory (NS) cells, 25 - 40 microns in size and filled with masses of neurosecretory vesicles. They have much larger cytoplasmic: nuclear ratio than the type I cells. Type II cells are located in neurosecretory centers.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Type III neurons are small (6 microns) cells that represent a unique cell type limited tothe paired globuli on the ventralsurface of the synganglion anterior to the first pair of pedal ganglia.
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TADS:0000198
adult synganglion cortical zone neuron type III
TADS:0000198
Type III neurons are small (6 microns) cells that represent a unique cell type limited tothe paired globuli on the ventralsurface of the synganglion anterior to the first pair of pedal ganglia.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A large area of loosely organized neuropile that also contain glomeruli.
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TADS:0000199
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion protocerebrum
TADS:0000199
A large area of loosely organized neuropile that also contain glomeruli.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Small areas of high density neuropile located within the protocerebrum.
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TADS:0000200
adult synganglion glomeruli
TADS:0000200
Small areas of high density neuropile located within the protocerebrum.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Transversely directed fiber tracts connecting bilaterally opposed glomeruli or ganglia.
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TADS:0000201
adult synganglion commissure
TADS:0000201
Transversely directed fiber tracts connecting bilaterally opposed glomeruli or ganglia.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Longitudinally-directed fiber tracts connecting glomeruli or ganglia arranged in the antero-posterior axis with glomeruli or glomerular knots throughout the synganglion.
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TADS:0000202
adult synganglion connective
TADS:0000202
Longitudinally-directed fiber tracts connecting glomeruli or ganglia arranged in the antero-posterior axis with glomeruli or glomerular knots throughout the synganglion.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Masses of neuron cell bodies from which the cheliceral nerves emerge. Located in the antero-dorsal region of the supra-esophageal region.
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TADS:0000203
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-3, Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion cheliceral ganglia
TADS:0000203
Masses of neuron cell bodies from which the cheliceral nerves emerge. Located in the antero-dorsal region of the supra-esophageal region.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Masses of neuron cell bodies from which the palpal nerves emerge. Located in the antero-dorsal region of the supra-esophagealregion.
default_namespace
TADS:0000204
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-3, Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion palpal ganglia
TADS:0000204
Masses of neuron cell bodies from which the palpal nerves emerge. Located in the antero-dorsal region of the supra-esophagealregion.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The space located immediately below the ostium of the spiracle and connected to the atrial chamber.
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TADS:0000205
Fig. 12-4, Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult subostial space
TADS:0000205
The space located immediately below the ostium of the spiracle and connected to the atrial chamber.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Site of origin of the unpaired pharyngeal nerve (=esophageal nerve) and the recurrent nerve (=stomatogastric nerve) to thehypoesophageal ganglion.
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Stomadeal bridge
TADS:0000206
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion stomadeal pons
TADS:0000206
Site of origin of the unpaired pharyngeal nerve (=esophageal nerve) and the recurrent nerve (=stomatogastric nerve) to thehypoesophageal ganglion.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Located adjacent to the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC). Receives the recurrent nerve from the stomadeal pons.
default_namespace
TADS:0000207
Fig. 14-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion hyperesophageal ganglion
TADS:0000207
Located adjacent to the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC). Receives the recurrent nerve from the stomadeal pons.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The ROC is situated in the periganglionic sinus adjacent to the protocerebral neuropilar ganglion. In view of its location, theROC is believed to function as a neurohemal organ. Some authors believe that the ROC is not of neural origin (Severino et al. 1984).
default_namespace
TADS:0000208
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-16, Fig. 14-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion retrocerebral organ complex
TADS:0000208
The ROC is situated in the periganglionic sinus adjacent to the protocerebral neuropilar ganglion. In view of its location, theROC is believed to function as a neurohemal organ. Some authors believe that the ROC is not of neural origin (Severino et al. 1984).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The unpaired lobe is located in the dorsal median part of the organ complex.
default_namespace
TADS:0000209
Fig. 14-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion ROC unpaired lobe
TADS:0000209
The unpaired lobe is located in the dorsal median part of the organ complex.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The pair of lobes located on the ventral side of the ROC.
default_namespace
TADS:0000210
Fig. 14-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion ROC paired lobe
TADS:0000210
The pair of lobes located on the ventral side of the ROC.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Center where axons from sensory neurons converge.
default_namespace
TADS:0000211
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion anterodoral glomerulus
TADS:0000211
Center where axons from sensory neurons converge.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Site where axons from certain sensory neurons converge. Dendrites extend from the glomeruli to other locations.
default_namespace
TADS:0000212
adult synganglion posterodorsal glomerulus
TADS:0000212
Site where axons from certain sensory neurons converge. Dendrites extend from the glomeruli to other locations.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Ganglion from which the fibers that form the pedal nerve trunk I emerge.
default_namespace
TADS:0000213
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion pedal ganglion I
TADS:0000213
Ganglion from which the fibers that form the pedal nerve trunk I emerge.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Ganglion from which the fibers that form the pedal nerve trunk II emerge.
default_namespace
TADS:0000214
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion pedal ganglion II
TADS:0000214
Ganglion from which the fibers that form the pedal nerve trunk II emerge.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Ganglion from which the fibers that form the pedal nerve trunk IIII emerge.
default_namespace
TADS:0000215
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion pedal ganglion III
TADS:0000215
Ganglion from which the fibers that form the pedal nerve trunk IIII emerge.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Ganglion from which the fibers that form the pedal nerve trunk IV emerge.
default_namespace
TADS:0000216
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion pedal ganglion IV
TADS:0000216
Ganglion from which the fibers that form the pedal nerve trunk IV emerge.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Lobes containing the olfactory neuron cell bodies (=olfactory ganglia). Located medially to the pedal ganglia. Believed to receive the axons from the Haller's organ olfactoreceptors.
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olfactory ganglia
TADS:0000217
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion olfactory lobe
TADS:0000217
Lobes containing the olfactory neuron cell bodies (=olfactory ganglia). Located medially to the pedal ganglia. Believed to receive the axons from the Haller's organ olfactoreceptors.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Centers where axons from neurons associated with the olfactory lobes converge. Located internally and medial to the olfactory lobes.
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TADS:0000218
Fig. 14-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion olfactory glomeruli
TADS:0000218
Centers where axons from neurons associated with the olfactory lobes converge. Located internally and medial to the olfactory lobes.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Center where axons from the opisthosomal (= ventral) ganglion converge.
default_namespace
TADS:0000219
Fig. 14-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion ventral glomeruli
TADS:0000219
Center where axons from the opisthosomal (= ventral) ganglion converge.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Fused ganglion containing the neuron cell bodies from which the paired opisthosomal and paraspiracular nerves originate. Located posterior and medial to the pedal ganglia. Believed to receive the axons from the Haller's organ olfactoreceptors.
default_namespace
TADS:0000220
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-3, Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, Fig. 14-9, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion opisthosomal ganglion
TADS:0000220
Fused ganglion containing the neuron cell bodies from which the paired opisthosomal and paraspiracular nerves originate. Located posterior and medial to the pedal ganglia. Believed to receive the axons from the Haller's organ olfactoreceptors.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
System comprising the nerves that innervate the various body, capitulum and leg structures.
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TADS:0000221
Fig. 14-1, Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-16, Fig. 14-18, Fig. 14-19, Fig. 14-20, Fig. 14-21, Fig. 14-22, Fig. 14-23, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult peripheral nervous system
TADS:0000221
System comprising the nerves that innervate the various body, capitulum and leg structures.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The peripheral nerves are comprised almost exclusively of axons surrounded by glial cells and enclosed in an amorphous neurilemma. The neurilemma fuses with the glial cells to form a sheath around the individual axons or groups of axons termed the mesaxon. Mesaxons are a characteristic feature of tick peripheral nerves. Mesaxons do not occur in insects.
default_namespace
TADS:0000222
Fig. 14-18, Fig. 14-19, Fig. 14-20, Fig. 14-21, Fig. 14-22, Fig. 14-23, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult peripheral nerves
TADS:0000222
The peripheral nerves are comprised almost exclusively of axons surrounded by glial cells and enclosed in an amorphous neurilemma. The neurilemma fuses with the glial cells to form a sheath around the individual axons or groups of axons termed the mesaxon. Mesaxons are a characteristic feature of tick peripheral nerves. Mesaxons do not occur in insects.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A sheath that surrounds the individual axon or group of axons in a peripheral nerve. The mesaxon is formed by the fusion of the neurilemma withthe glial cells.
default_namespace
TADS:0000223
Fig. 14-22, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult peripheral nerve mesaxon
TADS:0000223
A sheath that surrounds the individual axon or group of axons in a peripheral nerve. The mesaxon is formed by the fusion of the neurilemma withthe glial cells.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Non-neuronal cells that provide support and nourish the neurons and possibly help maintain homeostasis.
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TADS:0000224
Fig. 14-20, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult glial cell
TADS:0000224
Non-neuronal cells that provide support and nourish the neurons and possibly help maintain homeostasis.
Wikipedia:www.wikipedia.org
Large nerve that emerges from pedal ganglion I. The major branch of this nerve innervates the muscles of leg I. Minor branchestermed hemal nerves innervate the salivary glands, the periganglionic sheath, coxal muscles and possibly the dermal glands.
default_namespace
TADS:0000225
Fig. 14-1, Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult peripheral nerve trunk I
TADS:0000225
Large nerve that emerges from pedal ganglion I. The major branch of this nerve innervates the muscles of leg I. Minor branchestermed hemal nerves innervate the salivary glands, the periganglionic sheath, coxal muscles and possibly the dermal glands.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Large nerve that emerges from pedal ganglion II. The major branch of this nerve innervates the muscles of leg Ii. Minor branches termed hemal nerves innervate the salivary glands, the periganglionic sheath, coxal muscles and possibly the dermal glands.
default_namespace
TADS:0000226
Fig. 14-1, Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult peripheral nerve trunk II
TADS:0000226
Large nerve that emerges from pedal ganglion II. The major branch of this nerve innervates the muscles of leg Ii. Minor branches termed hemal nerves innervate the salivary glands, the periganglionic sheath, coxal muscles and possibly the dermal glands.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Large nerve that emerges from pedal ganglion Iii. The major branch of this nerve innervates the muscles of leg IV. Minor branches termed hemal nerves innervate the salivary glands, the periganglionic sheath, coxal muscles and possibly the dermal glands.
default_namespace
TADS:0000227
Fig. 14-1, Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult peripheral nerve trunk III
TADS:0000227
Large nerve that emerges from pedal ganglion Iii. The major branch of this nerve innervates the muscles of leg IV. Minor branches termed hemal nerves innervate the salivary glands, the periganglionic sheath, coxal muscles and possibly the dermal glands.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Large nerve that emerges from pedal ganglion IV. The major branch of this nerve innervates the muscles of leg IV. Minor branches termed hemal nerves innervate the salivary glands, the periganglionic sheath, coxal muscles and possibly the dermal glands.
default_namespace
TADS:0000228
Fig. 14-1, Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult peripheral nerve trunk IV
TADS:0000228
Large nerve that emerges from pedal ganglion IV. The major branch of this nerve innervates the muscles of leg IV. Minor branches termed hemal nerves innervate the salivary glands, the periganglionic sheath, coxal muscles and possibly the dermal glands.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Nerve that emerges from the cheliceral ganglion and innervates the cheliceral muscles and chelicerae. Contains motor axons fromthe synganglion and presumably axons from the sensilla.
default_namespace
TADS:0000229
Fig. 14-1, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult cheliceral nerve
TADS:0000229
Nerve that emerges from the cheliceral ganglion and innervates the cheliceral muscles and chelicerae. Contains motor axons fromthe synganglion and presumably axons from the sensilla.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Nerve that emerges from the palpal ganglion and innervates the palps, including the sensory field at the tip of palpal articleIV. Contains motor axons from the synganglion and presumably axons from the sensilla.
default_namespace
TADS:0000230
Fig. 14-1, Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult palpal nerve
TADS:0000230
Nerve that emerges from the palpal ganglion and innervates the palps, including the sensory field at the tip of palpal articleIV. Contains motor axons from the synganglion and presumably axons from the sensilla.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Nerve that extends from the stomadeal pons to the pharynx and esophagus.
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Esophageal nerve.
TADS:0000231
adult pharyngeal nerve
TADS:0000231
Nerve that extends from the stomadeal pons to the pharynx and esophagus.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of nerves that emerge from the optic ganglia and innervate the eyes. Contains axons from the sensory neurons in the eyes.
default_namespace
TADS:0000232
Fig. 14-1, Fig. 14-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult optic nerve
TADS:0000232
A pair of nerves that emerge from the optic ganglia and innervate the eyes. Contains axons from the sensory neurons in the eyes.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A neuronal cell type concerned with sensory perception.
default_namespace
Receptor neuron
TADS:0000233
Fig. 15-1, Fig. 15-11, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult sensory neuron
TADS:0000233
A neuronal cell type concerned with sensory perception.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Large cuticle lined tubes that extend from the atrial chambers and then subdivide into numerous individual tracheae.
default_namespace
TADS:0000234
Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult tracheal trunk
TADS:0000234
Large cuticle lined tubes that extend from the atrial chambers and then subdivide into numerous individual tracheae.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of nerves that extend from the opisthosomal ganglia on the ventral surface of the synganglion to various organs and tissues in the posterior region of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000235
Fig. 14-1, Fig. 14-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult opisthosomal nerve
TADS:0000235
A pair of nerves that extend from the opisthosomal ganglia on the ventral surface of the synganglion to various organs and tissues in the posterior region of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Collection of neurohaemal organs adjacent to the synganglion and neurosecretory centers in the synganglion. The neuroendocrinesystem is responsible for secretion of bioactive molecules that regulate physiological processes in the tick.
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TADS:0000236
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, Fig. 14-16, Fig. 14-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neuroendocrine system
TADS:0000236
Collection of neurohaemal organs adjacent to the synganglion and neurosecretory centers in the synganglion. The neuroendocrinesystem is responsible for secretion of bioactive molecules that regulate physiological processes in the tick.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The retrocerebral oran complex is a major neurohaemal organ located in a neurohaemal sinus that connects with the periganglionic sinus around the synganglion. The ROC is located immediately above the posterior dorsal region of the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. The ROC consists of an unpaired dorsal lobe and paired ventral lobes. Regarded as an important neurohaemal organ but its precise role remains uncertain.
default_namespace
TADS:0000237
Fig. 14-5, Fig. 14-16, Fig. 14-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult retrocerebral organ complex (ROC)
TADS:0000237
The retrocerebral oran complex is a major neurohaemal organ located in a neurohaemal sinus that connects with the periganglionic sinus around the synganglion. The ROC is located immediately above the posterior dorsal region of the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. The ROC consists of an unpaired dorsal lobe and paired ventral lobes. Regarded as an important neurohaemal organ but its precise role remains uncertain.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cells found in the hemolymph. Four cell types have been recognized in ticks, prohemocytes, plasmatocytes and two types ofgranulocytes, type I and type II and spherulocytes. In some literature, a type known as the oenocytoid is also described but itsstatus is somewhat controversial.
default_namespace
TADS:0000238
Fig. 11-2, Fig. 11-3, Fig. 11-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult hemocyte
TADS:0000238
Cells found in the hemolymph. Four cell types have been recognized in ticks, prohemocytes, plasmatocytes and two types ofgranulocytes, type I and type II and spherulocytes. In some literature, a type known as the oenocytoid is also described but itsstatus is somewhat controversial.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Prohemocytes are the stem cells from which all other hemocytes develop. They are small, round or oval cells with very little cytoplasm surrounding the nucleus. Prohemocytes constitute a very small proportion of the hemocyte population.
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TADS:0000239
Fig. 11-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult prohemocyte
TADS:0000239
Prohemocytes are the stem cells from which all other hemocytes develop. They are small, round or oval cells with very little cytoplasm surrounding the nucleus. Prohemocytes constitute a very small proportion of the hemocyte population.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Plasmatocytes are relatively small oval, suboval or fusiform cells but without granules. The plasma membrane shows blunt or filamentous projections. They often show prominent inclusion bodies and vacuoles indicative of substances that have been ingested. Plasmatocytes are believed to function as phagocytes and play a major role in phagocytosis.
default_namespace
TADS:0000240
Fig. 11-4, Fig. 11-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult plasmatocyte
TADS:0000240
Plasmatocytes are relatively small oval, suboval or fusiform cells but without granules. The plasma membrane shows blunt or filamentous projections. They often show prominent inclusion bodies and vacuoles indicative of substances that have been ingested. Plasmatocytes are believed to function as phagocytes and play a major role in phagocytosis.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Type I granulocytes are hemocytes with numerous diverse inclusion bodies of varying density, some that are very electron denseand believed rich in lipids, others that are electron lucent and contain a matrix of fibrillar material.
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TADS:0000241
Fig. 11-6, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult granulocyte type I
TADS:0000241
Type I granulocytes are hemocytes with numerous diverse inclusion bodies of varying density, some that are very electron denseand believed rich in lipids, others that are electron lucent and contain a matrix of fibrillar material.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Type II granulocytes are hemocytes that are easily recognized by the presence of a single type of electron dense, homogenous granules. In addition to their role in phagocytosis, these cells also serve to encapsulate foreign material too large to be ingested. They are believed to be the primary cell that degranulates and forms around bacterial cell clusters or inanimate objects. Proteases have been found localized in the granules of granulocytes in Ornithodoros moubata (Inoue et al. 2001). Whereas gram positive bacteria may be destroyed by defensins secreted from granulocytes (Johns et al. 2000), gram negative bacteria are immobilized in clusters by secretion of lectin-like Dorin-M (Kovar et al. 2000) and surrounded by hemocytes, a non-melanotic encapsulation process known as nodulation (Ceraul et al. 2002).
default_namespace
TADS:0000242
Fig. 11-7, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult granulocyte type II
TADS:0000242
Type II granulocytes are hemocytes that are easily recognized by the presence of a single type of electron dense, homogenous granules. In addition to their role in phagocytosis, these cells also serve to encapsulate foreign material too large to be ingested. They are believed to be the primary cell that degranulates and forms around bacterial cell clusters or inanimate objects. Proteases have been found localized in the granules of granulocytes in Ornithodoros moubata (Inoue et al. 2001). Whereas gram positive bacteria may be destroyed by defensins secreted from granulocytes (Johns et al. 2000), gram negative bacteria are immobilized in clusters by secretion of lectin-like Dorin-M (Kovar et al. 2000) and surrounded by hemocytes, a non-melanotic encapsulation process known as nodulation (Ceraul et al. 2002).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Small round or ovoid cells contain few, large granules filled with a matrix of fibrillar material. They are similar to type I granulocytes, but are not fusiform and do not show filamentous filopod extensions from the plasma membrane.
default_namespace
TADS:0000243
Fig. 11-8, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult spherulocyte
TADS:0000243
Small round or ovoid cells contain few, large granules filled with a matrix of fibrillar material. They are similar to type I granulocytes, but are not fusiform and do not show filamentous filopod extensions from the plasma membrane.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cell type of uncertain status. The literature concerning the occurrence of this type of cell in ticks is unclear. Oenocytoids were reported to occur in Rhipicephalus (=Boophilus) microplus (Silva et al. 2006. Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 15:128 - 131). Oenocytoids are an important cell type in the hemolymph of insects and are associated with melanotic encapsulation.
default_namespace
TADS:0000244
adult Oenocytoid
TADS:0000244
Cell type of uncertain status. The literature concerning the occurrence of this type of cell in ticks is unclear. Oenocytoids were reported to occur in Rhipicephalus (=Boophilus) microplus (Silva et al. 2006. Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 15:128 - 131). Oenocytoids are an important cell type in the hemolymph of insects and are associated with melanotic encapsulation.
ISSN:1516-635X.
Neuroendocrine organs located in the hemolymph adjacent to the synganglia. Two types occur, the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC) and the lateral segmental organs (LSO).
default_namespace
TADS:0000245
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, Fig. 14-14, Fig. 14-15, Fig. 14-16, Fig. 14-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurohaemal organ
TADS:0000245
Neuroendocrine organs located in the hemolymph adjacent to the synganglia. Two types occur, the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC) and the lateral segmental organs (LSO).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Neurosecretory centers are clusters of two or neurosecretory cell types, cells that fill with neurosecretory granules thatmigrate along the axons of these neurons to the target cells, tissues or organs. Neurosecretory centers are identified byparaldehyde-fuchsin staining. A total of 18 neurosecretory centers have been found in the synganglion, of which 2 are unpaired.
default_namespace
TADS:0000246
Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center
TADS:0000246
Neurosecretory centers are clusters of two or neurosecretory cell types, cells that fill with neurosecretory granules thatmigrate along the axons of these neurons to the target cells, tissues or organs. Neurosecretory centers are identified byparaldehyde-fuchsin staining. A total of 18 neurosecretory centers have been found in the synganglion, of which 2 are unpaired.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Small cell clusters located in the lateral nerve plexus on the lateral sides of the synganglion. The cells of the LSO exhibitultrastructural characteristics consistent with steroid hormone secreting tissues. The LSO may be associated with hormonal functions. Previously thought to be site for ecdysteroid biosynthesis and secretion, that is now known to be carried out in the epidermisfollowing stimulation by the synganglion (Lomas et al. 1997).
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LSO
TADS:0000247
Fig. 14-1, Fig. 14-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult lateral segmental organs
TADS:0000247
Small cell clusters located in the lateral nerve plexus on the lateral sides of the synganglion. The cells of the LSO exhibitultrastructural characteristics consistent with steroid hormone secreting tissues. The LSO may be associated with hormonal functions. Previously thought to be site for ecdysteroid biosynthesis and secretion, that is now known to be carried out in the epidermisfollowing stimulation by the synganglion (Lomas et al. 1997).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Fiber tracts in the neuropile of the synaganglion that connect the various neurosecretory centers and the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
default_namespace
TADS:0000248
Fig. 14-16, Fig. 14-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory tract
TADS:0000248
Fiber tracts in the neuropile of the synaganglion that connect the various neurosecretory centers and the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
This is the sheath that surrounds the retrocerebral organ complex. It is formed by the fusion of extensions from the neurilemmaand the perineurium. Extensions of this sheath from a neurohaemal sinus that opens into the periganglionic sinus, facilitating the passage of secretions from the ROC into the hemolymph.
default_namespace
TADS:0000249
Fig. 14-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult retrocerebral organ complex vascular sheath
TADS:0000249
This is the sheath that surrounds the retrocerebral organ complex. It is formed by the fusion of extensions from the neurilemmaand the perineurium. Extensions of this sheath from a neurohaemal sinus that opens into the periganglionic sinus, facilitating the passage of secretions from the ROC into the hemolymph.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
This is the sinus (cavity) formed by the extensions of the vascular sheath surrounding the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC). The neurohaemal sinus opens into the periganglionic sinus around the synganglion.
default_namespace
TADS:0000250
Fig. 14-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult retrocerebral organ complex neurohaemal sinus
TADS:0000250
This is the sinus (cavity) formed by the extensions of the vascular sheath surrounding the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC). The neurohaemal sinus opens into the periganglionic sinus around the synganglion.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A unpaired neurosecretory center located in the supraesophageal region of the syngangion.
default_namespace
TADS:0000251
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 1
TADS:0000251
A unpaired neurosecretory center located in the supraesophageal region of the syngangion.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecetory centers located in the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. These paired centers occur just posterior to neurosecretory center number 1.
default_namespace
TADS:0000252
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 2
TADS:0000252
A pair of neurosecetory centers located in the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. These paired centers occur just posterior to neurosecretory center number 1.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. These centers are located along the edge of the protocerebrum lateral to neurosecretory cente rnumber 2.
default_namespace
TADS:0000253
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 3
TADS:0000253
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. These centers are located along the edge of the protocerebrum lateral to neurosecretory cente rnumber 2.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. These centers are located along the edge of the postero-lateral part of the protocerebrum posterior to neurosecretory center number 3.
default_namespace
TADS:0000254
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 4
TADS:0000254
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. These centers are located along the edge of the postero-lateral part of the protocerebrum posterior to neurosecretory center number 3.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the supraesophageal region. These centers are located just anterior to the cheliceral ganglia.
default_namespace
TADS:0000255
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 5
TADS:0000255
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the supraesophageal region. These centers are located just anterior to the cheliceral ganglia.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. These centers are located near thecheliceral ganglia adjacent (lateral) to neurosecretory centers number 5.
default_namespace
TADS:0000256
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 6
TADS:0000256
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. These centers are located near thecheliceral ganglia adjacent (lateral) to neurosecretory centers number 5.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. These centers are located along thelateral edge of the region near the ventro-lateral edge of the protocerebrum.
default_namespace
TADS:0000257
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-.
adult neurosecretory center 7
TADS:0000257
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. These centers are located along thelateral edge of the region near the ventro-lateral edge of the protocerebrum.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. These centers are located along the edge of the stomadeal pons.
default_namespace
TADS:0000258
Fig. 14-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-.19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 8
TADS:0000258
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. These centers are located along the edge of the stomadeal pons.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. These centers are located near the anterior edge of this region just above the esophageal nerve.
default_namespace
TADS:0000259
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 9
TADS:0000259
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the supraesophageal region of the synganglion. These centers are located near the anterior edge of this region just above the esophageal nerve.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
This plexus occurs along the lateral edge of the synganglion and is formed from branches of the pedal nerve trunks. The lateralsegmental organs (LSO) lie embedded in this plexus.
default_namespace
TADS:0000260
Fig. 14-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult lateral nerve plexus
TADS:0000260
This plexus occurs along the lateral edge of the synganglion and is formed from branches of the pedal nerve trunks. The lateralsegmental organs (LSO) lie embedded in this plexus.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to pedal ganglion II.
default_namespace
TADS:0000261
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 10
TADS:0000261
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to pedal ganglion II.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecretory centers located along the ventrolateral margin of the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to pedal ganglia I and II.
default_namespace
TADS:0000262
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 11
TADS:0000262
A pair of neurosecretory centers located along the ventrolateral margin of the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to pedal ganglia I and II.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecretory centers located along the lateral margins of the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to pedal ganglia II.
default_namespace
TADS:0000263
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 12
TADS:0000263
A pair of neurosecretory centers located along the lateral margins of the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to pedal ganglia II.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecretory centers located along the lateral margins of the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to pedal ganglia II and III.
default_namespace
TADS:0000264
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 13
TADS:0000264
A pair of neurosecretory centers located along the lateral margins of the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to pedal ganglia II and III.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecretory centers located along the lateral margins of the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to pedal ganglion III.
default_namespace
TADS:0000265
Fig. 14-2; 14-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 14
TADS:0000265
A pair of neurosecretory centers located along the lateral margins of the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to pedal ganglion III.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecretory centers located along the lateral margins of the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to pedal ganglion IV.
default_namespace
TADS:0000266
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 15
TADS:0000266
A pair of neurosecretory centers located along the lateral margins of the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to pedal ganglion IV.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecretory centers located along the postero-ventral margins of the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to the opisthosomal ganglia.
default_namespace
TADS:0000267
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 16
TADS:0000267
A pair of neurosecretory centers located along the postero-ventral margins of the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to the opisthosomal ganglia.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the postero-median region of the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to the paired opithosomal ganglia.
default_namespace
TADS:0000268
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 17
TADS:0000268
A pair of neurosecretory centers located in the postero-median region of the subesophageal region of the synganglion adjacent to the paired opithosomal ganglia.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A large, unpaired neurosecretory center located in the median ventral part of the subesophageal region of the synganglion.
default_namespace
TADS:0000269
Fig. 14-2, Fig. 14-4, Fig. 14-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult neurosecretory center 18
TADS:0000269
A large, unpaired neurosecretory center located in the median ventral part of the subesophageal region of the synganglion.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
One of the peripheral nerves from the synganglion to the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
default_namespace
TADS:0000270
Fig. 14-16, Fig. 14-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult accessroy nerve ROC
TADS:0000270
One of the peripheral nerves from the synganglion to the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A nerve from the synganglion to the center of the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
default_namespace
TADS:0000271
Fig. 14-16, Fig. 14-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult compound nerve ROC
TADS:0000271
A nerve from the synganglion to the center of the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The fluid filled interior of the body, capitulum and legs not occupied by organs or tissues. The hemocoel is filled with hemolymph.
default_namespace
TADS:0000272
adult hemocoel
TADS:0000272
The fluid filled interior of the body, capitulum and legs not occupied by organs or tissues. The hemocoel is filled with hemolymph.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The upper lobe of the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
default_namespace
TADS:0000273
Fig. 14-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult retrocerebral organ complex dorsal lobe
TADS:0000273
The upper lobe of the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The paired ventral regions of the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
default_namespace
TADS:0000274
Fig. 14-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult retrocerebral organ complex ventral lobe
TADS:0000274
The paired ventral regions of the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of nerves that innervates the dorsal lobe of the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
default_namespace
TADS:0000275
Fig. 14-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult hypogastric nerve
TADS:0000275
A pair of nerves that innervates the dorsal lobe of the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The principal nerve innervating the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
default_namespace
TADS:0000276
Fig. 14-16; Fig, 14-17, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult priN-ROC
TADS:0000276
The principal nerve innervating the retrocerebral organ complex (ROC).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Tracheal trunk leading to the capitulum.
default_namespace
TADS:0000277
Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult anterior cerebral anastomosis trunk
TADS:0000277
Tracheal trunk leading to the capitulum.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The leg segment where the leg is attached to the body. Powerful coxal muscles from the body wall move the coxa and, as aresult, the entire leg in an antero-posterior direction.
default_namespace
TADS:0000278
Fig. 2-3, Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-20, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult coxa
TADS:0000278
The leg segment where the leg is attached to the body. Powerful coxal muscles from the body wall move the coxa and, as aresult, the entire leg in an antero-posterior direction.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The segment of the leg that is attached to the coxa on the proximal side and the femur on the distal side. The trochanter canbe flexed or extended by internal muscles from the coxa to the trochanter. Soft articulatory cuticle occurs between the two joints.
default_namespace
TADS:0000279
Fig. 4-20, with permission from the editor, Journal of Parasitology.
adult trochanter
TADS:0000279
The segment of the leg that is attached to the coxa on the proximal side and the femur on the distal side. The trochanter canbe flexed or extended by internal muscles from the coxa to the trochanter. Soft articulatory cuticle occurs between the two joints.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The segment of the leg that articulates with the trochanter on the proximal side and the tibia on the distal side. Internal leg muscles from the trochanter enable the joint to flex and extend. In some species, the femur may appear to be divided into a basifemur and a telofemur but this is superficial since it is not reflected in the internal musculature.
default_namespace
TADS:0000280
Fig. 4-20, with permission from the editor, Journal of Parasitology.
adult femur
TADS:0000280
The segment of the leg that articulates with the trochanter on the proximal side and the tibia on the distal side. Internal leg muscles from the trochanter enable the joint to flex and extend. In some species, the femur may appear to be divided into a basifemur and a telofemur but this is superficial since it is not reflected in the internal musculature.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The segment of the leg that articulates between the femur on the proximal side and the metatarsus on the distal side. Internal muscles from the femur enable the segment to flex and extend so that the leg can be flexed against the body for protection or extendedfor walking.
default_namespace
TADS:0000281
Fig. 4-20, with permission from the editor, Journal of Parasitology.
adult tibia
TADS:0000281
The segment of the leg that articulates between the femur on the proximal side and the metatarsus on the distal side. Internal muscles from the femur enable the segment to flex and extend so that the leg can be flexed against the body for protection or extendedfor walking.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Region of the leg between the femur and the tibia. Capable of flexion and extension.
default_namespace
TADS:0000282
Fig. 4-20, with permission from the editor, Journal of Parasitology.
adult patella
TADS:0000282
Region of the leg between the femur and the tibia. Capable of flexion and extension.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Terminal segment of the leg that bears the claws, pulvillus (when present) and the Haller's organ. Some authors subdivide the tarsus into a posterior metatarsus and the anterior tarsus, but this is a superficial separation since there is no joint or muscle distinction.
default_namespace
TADS:0000283
Fig. 4-20, with permission from the editor, Journal of Parasitology.
adult tarsus
TADS:0000283
Terminal segment of the leg that bears the claws, pulvillus (when present) and the Haller's organ. Some authors subdivide the tarsus into a posterior metatarsus and the anterior tarsus, but this is a superficial separation since there is no joint or muscle distinction.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The apotele comprises the claws and the pulvillus on a hinged joint at the tip of the tarsus. The entire structure is capableof movement, flexing and extending in the same plane (1 degree of freedom).
default_namespace
TADS:0000284
Fig. 4-21, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult apotele
TADS:0000284
The apotele comprises the claws and the pulvillus on a hinged joint at the tip of the tarsus. The entire structure is capableof movement, flexing and extending in the same plane (1 degree of freedom).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Curved claws at the end of the apotele.
default_namespace
TADS:0000285
adult claw
TADS:0000285
Curved claws at the end of the apotele.
ISBN:0-19-5505910-7
Pad located at the end of the apotele under the claws. Used for climbing. Absent in argasid adults and nymphs.
default_namespace
TADS:0000286
adult pulvillus
TADS:0000286
Pad located at the end of the apotele under the claws. Used for climbing. Absent in argasid adults and nymphs.
ISBN:0-19-5505910-7
Sensory structure located on the dorsal surface of the tarsus. Contains structures used for odor detection and other sensory functions.
default_namespace
TADS:0000287
Fig. 4-22, Fig. 4-23, Fig. 4-24, Fig. 15-10, Fig. 15-11, Fig. 15-12, Fig. 15-13, Fig. 15-14, Fig. 15-15, Fig. 15-17, Fig. 15-18, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Haller's organ
TADS:0000287
Sensory structure located on the dorsal surface of the tarsus. Contains structures used for odor detection and other sensory functions.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A cavity on the dorsal surface of the tarsus of leg I that contains a number of single-walled multiporose olfactosensilla and other apparently non-sensory setae. The sensilla are innervated by as many as 29 sensory neurons. In most ixodid ticks, the roof ofthe capsule has a thin, narrow slit. In a species of the genus Ixodes, the opening is large and circular. In some argasid ticks, the roof of the capsule is perforated with a reticulated lattice instead of a simple roof.
default_namespace
TADS:0000288
Fig. 4-21; with permission from the editor, Journal of Parasitology, Fig. 4-22, Fig. 15-12, Fig. 15-13, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Haller's organ posterior capsule
TADS:0000288
A cavity on the dorsal surface of the tarsus of leg I that contains a number of single-walled multiporose olfactosensilla and other apparently non-sensory setae. The sensilla are innervated by as many as 29 sensory neurons. In most ixodid ticks, the roof ofthe capsule has a thin, narrow slit. In a species of the genus Ixodes, the opening is large and circular. In some argasid ticks, the roof of the capsule is perforated with a reticulated lattice instead of a simple roof.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A depression on the dorsal surface of the tarsus of leg I located distal to the posterior capsule. The anterior pit is usuallysurrounded by a prominent ridge. In most ixodid ticks, the anterior pit contains 6 or 7 setiform sensilla, including one or moremultiporose sensilla serving as olfactosensilla, tip pore that serve as gustatory sensilla and still others that are grooved fine andno-pore sensilla that are probably mechanosensilla. At least one of the tip pore setae is a multifunctional sensilla. In Rhipicephalus (= Boophilus) microplus, 3 of the anterior pit sensilla are grooved double-walled porous sensilla with the pores in the grooves while other lackpores. In argasid ticks, the anterior pit typically contains 9 sensilla, although the number is variable among the species. Several multiporose olfactosensilla are recognized, along with grooved sensilla and no-pore mechanosensory setae.
default_namespace
TADS:0000289
Fig. 4-22, Fig. 4-23, Fig. 4-24, Fig. 15-10, Fig. 15-11, Fig. 15-12, Fig. 15-13, Fig. 15-14, Fig. 15-15, Fig. 15-18, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Haller's organ anterior pit
TADS:0000289
A depression on the dorsal surface of the tarsus of leg I located distal to the posterior capsule. The anterior pit is usuallysurrounded by a prominent ridge. In most ixodid ticks, the anterior pit contains 6 or 7 setiform sensilla, including one or moremultiporose sensilla serving as olfactosensilla, tip pore that serve as gustatory sensilla and still others that are grooved fine andno-pore sensilla that are probably mechanosensilla. At least one of the tip pore setae is a multifunctional sensilla. In Rhipicephalus (= Boophilus) microplus, 3 of the anterior pit sensilla are grooved double-walled porous sensilla with the pores in the grooves while other lackpores. In argasid ticks, the anterior pit typically contains 9 sensilla, although the number is variable among the species. Several multiporose olfactosensilla are recognized, along with grooved sensilla and no-pore mechanosensory setae.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Two or more multiporose setiform sensilla located on the dorsal surface of Tarsus I immediately distal to the anterior pitportion of Haller's organ. Although not technically a part of either the anterior pit or the posterior capsule, these odorant sensilla function in the same role as the odorant sensilla in the body of Haller's organ and, consequently, are considered as functionally part of the organ.
default_namespace
TADS:0000290
Fig. 15-10, Fig. 15-11, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Haller's organ precapsular seta
TADS:0000290
Two or more multiporose setiform sensilla located on the dorsal surface of Tarsus I immediately distal to the anterior pitportion of Haller's organ. Although not technically a part of either the anterior pit or the posterior capsule, these odorant sensilla function in the same role as the odorant sensilla in the body of Haller's organ and, consequently, are considered as functionally part of the organ.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A large multiporose setiform sensillum which functions as a olfactosensory sensillum. This multiporose sensillum has up to 15dendrites. In Amblyomma americanum, this sensillum is innervated by 5 neurons.
default_namespace
AP1 multiporose sensillum
TADS:0000291
Fig. 15-6, Fig. 15-11, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Haller's organ anterior pit MD-1 sensillum
TADS:0000291
A large multiporose setiform sensillum which functions as a olfactosensory sensillum. This multiporose sensillum has up to 15dendrites. In Amblyomma americanum, this sensillum is innervated by 5 neurons.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A large multiporose setiform sensillum which functions as a olfactosensory sensillum. In Amblyomma americanum, this sensillumis innervated by 9 neurons.
default_namespace
AP2 multiporose sensillum
TADS:0000292
adult Haller's organ anterior pit MD2 sensillum
TADS:0000292
A large multiporose setiform sensillum which functions as a olfactosensory sensillum. In Amblyomma americanum, this sensillumis innervated by 9 neurons.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A group of 4 setae (typically) located immediately posterior (proximal) to the posterior capsule of Haller's organ. Function unknown. Although not specifically part of the organ, they are sufficiently close as to form a part of the anatomy of Haller's organ and may contribute to its function.
default_namespace
TADS:0000293
Fig. 15-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Haller's organ postcapsular seta
TADS:0000293
A group of 4 setae (typically) located immediately posterior (proximal) to the posterior capsule of Haller's organ. Function unknown. Although not specifically part of the organ, they are sufficiently close as to form a part of the anatomy of Haller's organ and may contribute to its function.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Setae located in the posterior capsule of Haller's organ. Typically, 4 of the setae are single-walled multiporose sensilla and are innervated by one or more dendrites. As many as 8 other sensilla are simple setiform structures known as pleomorphs that are not innervated.
default_namespace
Pleomorphs: not sensory components of the capsule. Not to be confused with sensory setae.
TADS:0000294
Fig. 4-23, Fig. 15-11, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Haller's organ capsular seta
TADS:0000294
Setae located in the posterior capsule of Haller's organ. Typically, 4 of the setae are single-walled multiporose sensilla and are innervated by one or more dendrites. As many as 8 other sensilla are simple setiform structures known as pleomorphs that are not innervated.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A small internal gland composed of up to 4 cells located immediately below the Haller's organ within tarsus I.
default_namespace
TADS:0000295
Fig. 15-11, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Haller's organ gland
TADS:0000295
A small internal gland composed of up to 4 cells located immediately below the Haller's organ within tarsus I.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A tissue comprised of one or more sensory neurons and sheatrh cells (thecogen cells) which secrete an amorphous sheath, the scolopale, that surrounds and insulates the neuron cell bodies and their dendrites. Sheath cells are reported to occur in arachnids (Tichy and Barth 1992: Microsc.Res. Tech. 22: 372-391). Thecogen cells have also been confirmed in the tick Amblyomma variegatum by Steullet (1993, Perception of vertebrate volatiles in the tropical bont tick Amblyomma variegatum; dissertation at the University of Neuchatel, Switzerland).
default_namespace
TADS:0000296
adult peripheral sensillum
TADS:0000296
A tissue comprised of one or more sensory neurons and sheatrh cells (thecogen cells) which secrete an amorphous sheath, the scolopale, that surrounds and insulates the neuron cell bodies and their dendrites. Sheath cells are reported to occur in arachnids (Tichy and Barth 1992: Microsc.Res. Tech. 22: 372-391). Thecogen cells have also been confirmed in the tick Amblyomma variegatum by Steullet (1993, Perception of vertebrate volatiles in the tropical bont tick Amblyomma variegatum; dissertation at the University of Neuchatel, Switzerland).
Google:Steullet 1993
A cell found in the peripheral sensilla that surrounds the neuron cell bodies and the proximal parts of their dendrites.
default_namespace
Sheath cell
TADS:0000297
adult thecogen cell
TADS:0000297
A cell found in the peripheral sensilla that surrounds the neuron cell bodies and the proximal parts of their dendrites.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
An amorphous sheath secreted by the thecogen cells that surrounds the sensory neurons and the proximal parts of their dendrites.
default_namespace
TADS:0000298
adult peripheral sensilla scolopale
TADS:0000298
An amorphous sheath secreted by the thecogen cells that surrounds the sensory neurons and the proximal parts of their dendrites.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A type of cell found in the sensillum that surround the sensory neuron dendrites and nourishes them; presumably functioning inion transport.
default_namespace
TADS:0000299
adult peripheral sensilla trichogen cell
TADS:0000299
A type of cell found in the sensillum that surround the sensory neuron dendrites and nourishes them; presumably functioning inion transport.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cells that contribute to the formation of the sensillum.
default_namespace
Auxilliary cells
TADS:0000300
adult peripheral sensilla tormogen cell
TADS:0000300
Cells that contribute to the formation of the sensillum.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A hair like process that extends from the cuticle to the exterior. The seta is the most common type of sensillum. The seta isinserted into a socket, a depression in the cuticle surrounded by a slight ridge. The interior of the seta is hollow and connected directly to a duct that extends through the cuticle to the epidermis. Several neurons embedded in the epidermis innervate the setiform sensillum, sending dendrites into the shaft of the seta. Axons from the neuron cell bodies extend into the interior of the body and communicate via nerves to the synganglion. Most setae are simple, without pores and serve as mechanosensilla and are innervated by mechanosensory neurons. Specialized setae have either single pores at the tip (gustatory sensilla), pores all over the sensilla (olfactosensilla) or pores in ridges along the side walls or with grooves that lack pores. These latter sensilla are believed to function as hygrosensilla or thermosensilla or both.
default_namespace
TADS:0000301
Fig. 5-1, Fig. 5-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult seta
TADS:0000301
A hair like process that extends from the cuticle to the exterior. The seta is the most common type of sensillum. The seta isinserted into a socket, a depression in the cuticle surrounded by a slight ridge. The interior of the seta is hollow and connected directly to a duct that extends through the cuticle to the epidermis. Several neurons embedded in the epidermis innervate the setiform sensillum, sending dendrites into the shaft of the seta. Axons from the neuron cell bodies extend into the interior of the body and communicate via nerves to the synganglion. Most setae are simple, without pores and serve as mechanosensilla and are innervated by mechanosensory neurons. Specialized setae have either single pores at the tip (gustatory sensilla), pores all over the sensilla (olfactosensilla) or pores in ridges along the side walls or with grooves that lack pores. These latter sensilla are believed to function as hygrosensilla or thermosensilla or both.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The enlarged, rounded or oval cavity on the dorsal surface of the cuticle in which the seta is embedded. The socket is evident externally as a ring of slightly thickened, elevated cuticle.
default_namespace
TADS:0000302
Fig. 5-10, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult setal socket
TADS:0000302
The enlarged, rounded or oval cavity on the dorsal surface of the cuticle in which the seta is embedded. The socket is evident externally as a ring of slightly thickened, elevated cuticle.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Slit-like structures that occur on the dorsal surfaces of the second, third and fourth leg tarsi in Amblyomma variegatum. Theyare believed to be mechanosensilla specifically dedicated to detecting airborne or substrate vibrations.
default_namespace
TADS:0000303
adult distal tarsal slit sense organ
TADS:0000303
Slit-like structures that occur on the dorsal surfaces of the second, third and fourth leg tarsi in Amblyomma variegatum. Theyare believed to be mechanosensilla specifically dedicated to detecting airborne or substrate vibrations.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The layer of clear, transparent cuticle that covers the eye.
default_namespace
TADS:0000304
Fig. 15-30, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult eye lens
TADS:0000304
The layer of clear, transparent cuticle that covers the eye.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A region of the subesophageal region of the synganglion that contains neurons that communicate with the eyes via the optic nerves. Axons from the eyes communicate with association neurons in the optic lobes.
default_namespace
TADS:0000305
Fig. 14-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult synganglion optic ganglion
TADS:0000305
A region of the subesophageal region of the synganglion that contains neurons that communicate with the eyes via the optic nerves. Axons from the eyes communicate with association neurons in the optic lobes.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Anterior tracheal trunk in the anterior dorsal body region.
default_namespace
TADS:0000306
Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult anterior dorsal trunk
TADS:0000306
Anterior tracheal trunk in the anterior dorsal body region.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Tracheal trunk leading to the anterior lateral margins of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000307
Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult anterior lateral trunk
TADS:0000307
Tracheal trunk leading to the anterior lateral margins of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Tracheal trunk leading to the anterior lateral margins of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000308
Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult anterior median trunk
TADS:0000308
Tracheal trunk leading to the anterior lateral margins of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Tracheal trunk leading to the median region of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000309
Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult median trunk
TADS:0000309
Tracheal trunk leading to the median region of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Tracheal trunk leading to the median dorsal region of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000310
Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult median dorsal trunk
TADS:0000310
Tracheal trunk leading to the median dorsal region of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Tracheal trunk leading to the posterior dorsal region of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000311
Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult posterior dorsal trunk
TADS:0000311
Tracheal trunk leading to the posterior dorsal region of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Tracheal trunks leading to the dorsal anterior region of the body immediately posterior to the capitulum.
default_namespace
TADS:0000312
Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult posterior cerebral anastomosis
TADS:0000312
Tracheal trunks leading to the dorsal anterior region of the body immediately posterior to the capitulum.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Tracheal trunk that extends to the posterior median region of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000313
Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult posterior median trunk
TADS:0000313
Tracheal trunk that extends to the posterior median region of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Tracheal trunk that extends to the legs and subdivides into the indidividual tracheae that supply the legs.
default_namespace
TADS:0000314
Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult pedal trunk
TADS:0000314
Tracheal trunk that extends to the legs and subdivides into the indidividual tracheae that supply the legs.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The respiratory tube that supplies air to the organs and tissues and removes CO2.
default_namespace
TADS:0000315
Fig. 12-7, Fig. 12-8, Fig. 12-9, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult trachea
TADS:0000315
The respiratory tube that supplies air to the organs and tissues and removes CO2.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The cuticular lining of the trachea that is folded into distinctive spiral coil which gives the trachea its distinctive character when viewed with the scanning or transmission electron microscope.
default_namespace
TADS:0000316
Fig. 12-7, Fig. 12-8, Fig. 12-9, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult tracheal taenidium
TADS:0000316
The cuticular lining of the trachea that is folded into distinctive spiral coil which gives the trachea its distinctive character when viewed with the scanning or transmission electron microscope.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The single layer of epithelial cells that secretes and maintains the tracheae.
default_namespace
TADS:0000317
adult tracheal epithelium
TADS:0000317
The single layer of epithelial cells that secretes and maintains the tracheae.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair tracheae that are derived from the anterior lateral trunks and extend to the chelicerae.
default_namespace
TADS:0000318
adult cheliceral trachea
TADS:0000318
A pair tracheae that are derived from the anterior lateral trunks and extend to the chelicerae.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of tracheae derived from the anterior lateral trunk and which extend anteriorly into the basis capituli.
default_namespace
TADS:0000319
adult gnathosomal tracheae
TADS:0000319
A pair of tracheae derived from the anterior lateral trunk and which extend anteriorly into the basis capituli.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of trachea derived from the posterior median trunk that anastomoses into tiny tracheae throughout the posterior region ofthe body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000320
adult posterior lateral trachea
TADS:0000320
A pair of trachea derived from the posterior median trunk that anastomoses into tiny tracheae throughout the posterior region ofthe body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The fat body consists of highly dispersed strands of cells clinging to the atrial chamber, tracheal trunks and trachea and, to a limited extent, other internal organs. The fat body is the site of synthesis for vitellogenin, the yolk protein, of conversion o fecdysone into 20-hydroxyecdysone (the molting hormone and other hormonal functions) and probably other functions. It is also believedto be site for the production of antimicrobial proteins, e.g., defensin. The fat body subdivided into central region, surrounding thealimentary canal and a peripheral region, along the tracheal trunks and tracheae. The fat body consists of two types of cells,trophocytes and nephrocytes.
default_namespace
TADS:0000321
Fig. 13-1, Fig. 13-2, Fig. 13-3, Fig. 13-4, Fig. 13-5, Fig. 13-6, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult fat body
TADS:0000321
The fat body consists of highly dispersed strands of cells clinging to the atrial chamber, tracheal trunks and trachea and, to a limited extent, other internal organs. The fat body is the site of synthesis for vitellogenin, the yolk protein, of conversion o fecdysone into 20-hydroxyecdysone (the molting hormone and other hormonal functions) and probably other functions. It is also believedto be site for the production of antimicrobial proteins, e.g., defensin. The fat body subdivided into central region, surrounding thealimentary canal and a peripheral region, along the tracheal trunks and tracheae. The fat body consists of two types of cells,trophocytes and nephrocytes.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The primary cell type that makes up most of the fat body. Located in groups (chords) of cells attached to the exterior of thetracheal trunks and tracheae throughout the body, capitulum and legs. The trophocytes are considered as the cells responsible forsynthesis and secretion of vitellogenin.
default_namespace
TADS:0000322
Fig. 13-2, Fig. 13-3, Fig. 13-4, Fig. 13-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult fat body trophocyte
TADS:0000322
The primary cell type that makes up most of the fat body. Located in groups (chords) of cells attached to the exterior of thetracheal trunks and tracheae throughout the body, capitulum and legs. The trophocytes are considered as the cells responsible forsynthesis and secretion of vitellogenin.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
One of the two types of the cells that make up the fat body. Nephrocytes are oval or subcircular cells, often free floating orattached adjacent to the epithelial-like trophocytes. Their precise function is unknown.
default_namespace
TADS:0000323
Fig. 13-2, Fig. 13-6, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult fat body nephrocyte
TADS:0000323
One of the two types of the cells that make up the fat body. Nephrocytes are oval or subcircular cells, often free floating orattached adjacent to the epithelial-like trophocytes. Their precise function is unknown.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The system of striated, voluntary muscles that control the movements of the various parts of the body, capitulum and legs.
default_namespace
TADS:0000324
Fig. 6-3, Fig. 6-4, Fig. 6-5, Fig. 6-6, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult muscular system
TADS:0000324
The system of striated, voluntary muscles that control the movements of the various parts of the body, capitulum and legs.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Bands of muscles that extend between the inner surfaces of the ventral and dorsal body cuticle that compress the body and create hydrostatic pressure. In argasidticks, the attachment sites are marked by external discs visible on the outer surface of the cuticle.
default_namespace
TADS:0000325
adult dorso-ventral muscle
TADS:0000325
Bands of muscles that extend between the inner surfaces of the ventral and dorsal body cuticle that compress the body and create hydrostatic pressure. In argasidticks, the attachment sites are marked by external discs visible on the outer surface of the cuticle.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscle bands that rotate the coxa of leg I away the midline of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000326
Fig. 6-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult abductors coxa I
TADS:0000326
Muscle bands that rotate the coxa of leg I away the midline of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Bands of muscle that rotate the coxa towards the midline of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000327
Fig. 6-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult adductors Coxa I
TADS:0000327
Bands of muscle that rotate the coxa towards the midline of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscle bands that rotate the coxa of leg II away the midline of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000328
adult abductors Coxa II
TADS:0000328
Muscle bands that rotate the coxa of leg II away the midline of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscle bands that rotate the coxa of leg III away the midline of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000329
adult abductors Coxa III
TADS:0000329
Muscle bands that rotate the coxa of leg III away the midline of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscle bands that rotate the coxa of leg IV away the midline of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000330
adult abductors Coxa IV
TADS:0000330
Muscle bands that rotate the coxa of leg IV away the midline of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscle bands that rotate the coxa of leg II toward the midline of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000331
adult adductors Coxa II
TADS:0000331
Muscle bands that rotate the coxa of leg II toward the midline of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscle bands that rotate the coxa of leg III toward the midline of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000332
adult adductors Coxa III
TADS:0000332
Muscle bands that rotate the coxa of leg III toward the midline of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscle bands that rotate the coxa of leg IV toward the midline of the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000333
adult adductors Coxa IV
TADS:0000333
Muscle bands that rotate the coxa of leg IV toward the midline of the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscles that control the movements of the cuticle around the genital pore.
default_namespace
TADS:0000334
adult dorso-genital muscle
TADS:0000334
Muscles that control the movements of the cuticle around the genital pore.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscles that draw (flex) the capitulum (gnathosoma) towards the body.
default_namespace
Flexors of the gnathosoma
TADS:0000335
Fig. 6-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult captiular depressor
TADS:0000335
Muscles that draw (flex) the capitulum (gnathosoma) towards the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscles that extend the capitulum away from the body.
default_namespace
capitular extensor muscles
TADS:0000336
Fig. 6-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult capitular levator
TADS:0000336
Muscles that extend the capitulum away from the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscle bands that occur between the coxae.
default_namespace
TADS:0000337
Fig. 6-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult intercoxal muscle
TADS:0000337
Muscle bands that occur between the coxae.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In argasid ticks, muscles that insert on the coxal fold.
default_namespace
TADS:0000338
Fig. 6-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult coxal fold muscle
TADS:0000338
In argasid ticks, muscles that insert on the coxal fold.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In argasid ticks, muscles that extend from the body wall to the coxal glands.
default_namespace
TADS:0000339
Fig. 6-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult coxal gland muscle
TADS:0000339
In argasid ticks, muscles that extend from the body wall to the coxal glands.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscles that insert on the marginal fold.
default_namespace
TADS:0000340
Fig. 6-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult marginal fold muscle
TADS:0000340
Muscles that insert on the marginal fold.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In argasid ticks, muscles that insert on the pre-anal groove.
default_namespace
TADS:0000341
Fig. 6-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult preanal muscles
TADS:0000341
In argasid ticks, muscles that insert on the pre-anal groove.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscles that extend from the dorsal body wall (scutum in ixodid ticks) to the bases of the chelicerae.
default_namespace
TADS:0000342
Fig. 6-4, Fig. 7-5, Fig. 7-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult cheliceral retractor muscle
TADS:0000342
Muscles that extend from the dorsal body wall (scutum in ixodid ticks) to the bases of the chelicerae.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Small muscle that draws the macula against the ostium, closing the spiracular pore.
default_namespace
Atrial muscles
TADS:0000343
Fig. 12-4, Fig. 12-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult spiracular muscle
TADS:0000343
Small muscle that draws the macula against the ostium, closing the spiracular pore.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A portion of the macula, forming its upper lip.
default_namespace
TADS:0000344
adult spiracular columella
TADS:0000344
A portion of the macula, forming its upper lip.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A pair of flap-like structures that allow the opening or closing of the anal aperture.
default_namespace
TADS:0000345
adult anal valve
TADS:0000345
A pair of flap-like structures that allow the opening or closing of the anal aperture.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The portion of the macula that impinges against the spiracular plate, thereby closing the ostium (spiracular pore).
default_namespace
TADS:0000346
adult macula wedge
TADS:0000346
The portion of the macula that impinges against the spiracular plate, thereby closing the ostium (spiracular pore).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The minute submicroscopic tubes that penetrate directly into the cells and tissues. Tracheoles are the final terminal endings of the tracheae.
default_namespace
TADS:0000347
adult tracheole
TADS:0000347
The minute submicroscopic tubes that penetrate directly into the cells and tissues. Tracheoles are the final terminal endings of the tracheae.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The columella is the portion of the macula adjacent to its junction with the ostium.
default_namespace
TADS:0000348
Fig. 12-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult columella
TADS:0000348
The columella is the portion of the macula adjacent to its junction with the ostium.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The thin section of cuticle that connects the columella to the underside of the cuticular layer that supports the pedicels. The columella extends from the upper lip of the macula to the underside of the pedicels.
default_namespace
TADS:0000349
Fig. 12-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult columella stalk
TADS:0000349
The thin section of cuticle that connects the columella to the underside of the cuticular layer that supports the pedicels. The columella extends from the upper lip of the macula to the underside of the pedicels.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In argasid ticks, the valve-like constriction between the atrial chamber and the subostial space of the spiracle.
default_namespace
TADS:0000350
adult atrial valve
TADS:0000350
In argasid ticks, the valve-like constriction between the atrial chamber and the subostial space of the spiracle.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In argasid ticks, a enclosed area near the pedicels and connected to the subostial space. The roof of the vestibulum isflexible and can be everted or inverted, thereby controlling gaseous pressure into the tracheal trunks. In Exp. Appl. Acarology:14:151-163.
default_namespace
TADS:0000351
adult vestibulum
TADS:0000351
In argasid ticks, a enclosed area near the pedicels and connected to the subostial space. The roof of the vestibulum isflexible and can be everted or inverted, thereby controlling gaseous pressure into the tracheal trunks. In Exp. Appl. Acarology:14:151-163.
ISSN:0168-8162
This system consists of the ovary, the oviducts, the uterus, the cervical vagina, the seminal receptacle, the vestibular vagina,accessory glands and the genital pore. In addition, Gene's organ, located separately in the dorsal body cavity, serve as the eggwaxing organ.
default_namespace
TADS:0000352
Fig. 16-1, Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-3, Fig. 16-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult female reproductive system
TADS:0000352
This system consists of the ovary, the oviducts, the uterus, the cervical vagina, the seminal receptacle, the vestibular vagina,accessory glands and the genital pore. In addition, Gene's organ, located separately in the dorsal body cavity, serve as the eggwaxing organ.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
An organ located in the dorsal anterior region of the body with paired horns that can be extruded through the capitular foramen in the camerostomal fold. Gene's organ is responsible for coating the eggs with a waxy secretion.
default_namespace
TADS:0000353
Fig. 16-22, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Gene's organ
TADS:0000353
An organ located in the dorsal anterior region of the body with paired horns that can be extruded through the capitular foramen in the camerostomal fold. Gene's organ is responsible for coating the eggs with a waxy secretion.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The opening at the anterior end of the body through which the finger-like projections of the Gene's organ extend.
default_namespace
Camerostomal aperture (Argasidae)
Camerostomal cavity (Argasid ticks)
TADS:0000354
adult capitular foramen
TADS:0000354
The opening at the anterior end of the body through which the finger-like projections of the Gene's organ extend.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The raised margins of the camerostome. It is comprised of folded cuticle.
default_namespace
TADS:0000355
Fig. 4-27, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult camerostomal fold
TADS:0000355
The raised margins of the camerostome. It is comprised of folded cuticle.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Muscles from the dorsal interior of the body that insert on the horns of the Gene's organ. These muscles withdraw the horns ofthe organ back into the body when not in use.
default_namespace
TADS:0000356
Fig. 6-4, Fig. 7-5, Fig. 7-12, Fig. 16-22, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult Gene's organ retractor muscle
TADS:0000356
Muscles from the dorsal interior of the body that insert on the horns of the Gene's organ. These muscles withdraw the horns ofthe organ back into the body when not in use.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In each leg the muscle that extends from the coxa which bends the trochanter and folds it against the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000357
Fig. 6-4, Fig. 6-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult trochanteral flexor muscle
TADS:0000357
In each leg the muscle that extends from the coxa which bends the trochanter and folds it against the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In each leg, a muscle band that extends from the coxa to the trochanter and extends it away from the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000358
Fig. 6-4, Fig. 6-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult trochanteral extensor muscle
TADS:0000358
In each leg, a muscle band that extends from the coxa to the trochanter and extends it away from the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In each leg, a muscle band that extends from the trochanter to the femur and bends it towards the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000359
Fig. 6-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult femoral flexor muscle
TADS:0000359
In each leg, a muscle band that extends from the trochanter to the femur and bends it towards the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In each leg, the band of muscle that extends from the trochanter into the femur and extends it away from the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000360
Fig. 6-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult femoral extensor muscle
TADS:0000360
In each leg, the band of muscle that extends from the trochanter into the femur and extends it away from the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In each leg, the muscle band that extends from the femur to the patella and bends it towards the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000361
Fig. 6-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult patellar flexor muscle
TADS:0000361
In each leg, the muscle band that extends from the femur to the patella and bends it towards the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In each leg, the muscle band that extends from the femur into the patella and extends it away from the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000362
Fig. 6-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult patellar extensor muscle
TADS:0000362
In each leg, the muscle band that extends from the femur into the patella and extends it away from the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In each leg, the band of muscle that extends from the patella into the tibia and bends it towards the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000363
Fig. 6-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult tibial flexor muscle
TADS:0000363
In each leg, the band of muscle that extends from the patella into the tibia and bends it towards the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In each leg, the band of muscle that extends from the patella into the tibia and extends it away from the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000364
Fig. 6-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult tibial extensor muscle
TADS:0000364
In each leg, the band of muscle that extends from the patella into the tibia and extends it away from the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In each leg, a band of muscle that extends from the tibia into the tarsus and bends it towards the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000365
Fig. 6-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult tarsal flexor muscle
TADS:0000365
In each leg, a band of muscle that extends from the tibia into the tarsus and bends it towards the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In each leg, a band of muscle that extends from the tibia into the tarsus and extends it away from the body.
default_namespace
TADS:0000366
Fig. 6-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult tarsal extensor muscle
TADS:0000366
In each leg, a band of muscle that extends from the tibia into the tarsus and extends it away from the body.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In each leg, the band of muscle that extends from the tarsus and inserts on the pretarsus, bending it towards the tarsus.
default_namespace
TADS:0000367
Fig. 6-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult pretarsal flexor muscle
TADS:0000367
In each leg, the band of muscle that extends from the tarsus and inserts on the pretarsus, bending it towards the tarsus.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In each leg, the band of muscle that extends from the tarsus, inserts on the pretarsus and moves it away from the leg (extendsit outwards).
default_namespace
TADS:0000368
Fig. 6-5, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult pretarsal extensor muscle
TADS:0000368
In each leg, the band of muscle that extends from the tarsus, inserts on the pretarsus and moves it away from the leg (extendsit outwards).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The posterior cuticlelined sac that surrounds the internal body of Gene's organ. The cuticular-lined sac encloses the corpus and the horns of the organ (Schol et al. 2001).
default_namespace
Inner cuticular sac
TADS:0000369
Fig. 1-EAA, Fig. 3-EAA, Fig. 4-EAA, Fig. 8-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult Gene's organ cuticular sac
TADS:0000369
The posterior cuticlelined sac that surrounds the internal body of Gene's organ. The cuticular-lined sac encloses the corpus and the horns of the organ (Schol et al. 2001).
ISSN:0168-8162
The corpus is the large sac at the posterior end of the gland that fills with fluid. It is supplied with ducts from the adjacent glands. Evidently, this is the main repository of waxy secretions that are poured onto the eggs.
default_namespace
Stalk of Gene's organ
TADS:0000370
Fig. 1-EAA, Fig. 2-EAA, Fig. 6-EAA, Fig. 9-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult Gene's organ corpus
TADS:0000370
The corpus is the large sac at the posterior end of the gland that fills with fluid. It is supplied with ducts from the adjacent glands. Evidently, this is the main repository of waxy secretions that are poured onto the eggs.
ISSN:00168-8162
A pair of antero-lateral lobe or finger-like projections that are everted during egg waxing. These blind-ending horns are everted by hydrostatic pressure of the hemolymph. In Prostriate ticks, 4 horns are present.
default_namespace
TADS:0000371
Fig. 1-EAA, Fig. 2-EAA, Fig. 9-EAA, Fig. 17-EAA, Fig. 18-EAA, Fig. 19-EAA, Fig. 20-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult Gene's organ horn
TADS:0000371
A pair of antero-lateral lobe or finger-like projections that are everted during egg waxing. These blind-ending horns are everted by hydrostatic pressure of the hemolymph. In Prostriate ticks, 4 horns are present.
ISSN:0168-8162
The outermost part of Gene's organ which secretes the cuticular sac and is continuous with the epidermis of the body and capitulum. It also forms the corpus and blind-ending horns.
default_namespace
TADS:0000372
Fig. 1-EAA, Fig. 4-EAA, Fig. 8-EAA, Fig. 11-EAA, Fig. 22-EAA, Fig. 23-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol.25: 327-352.
Gene's organ epithelial sac
TADS:0000372
The outermost part of Gene's organ which secretes the cuticular sac and is continuous with the epidermis of the body and capitulum. It also forms the corpus and blind-ending horns.
ISSN:0168-8162
Accessory glands that occur on either side of the Gene's organ. The main efferent ducts of these glands open into the lumen between the epithelial sac and the cuticular sac into the corpus (Schol et al. 2001).
default_namespace
TADS:0000373
Fig. 2-EAA, Fig. 6-EAA, Fig. 7-EAA, Fig. 9-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult Gene's organ cranial gland
TADS:0000373
Accessory glands that occur on either side of the Gene's organ. The main efferent ducts of these glands open into the lumen between the epithelial sac and the cuticular sac into the corpus (Schol et al. 2001).
ISSN:0168-8162
Accessory glands that occur on either side of the Gene's organ. The main efferent ducts of these glands open into the lumen between the epithelial sac and the cuticular sac into the horns (Schol et al. 2001).
default_namespace
TADS:0000374
Fig. 2-EAA, Fig. 9-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult Gene's organ caudal gland
TADS:0000374
Accessory glands that occur on either side of the Gene's organ. The main efferent ducts of these glands open into the lumen between the epithelial sac and the cuticular sac into the horns (Schol et al. 2001).
ISSN:0168-8162
Accessory glands associated with the Gene's organ that secrete waxy fluids via main efferent ducts into the organ. Kuhn et al. describe reported lectin activity in the "invaginations of the Gene's organ" suggesting that lectins play a role in protecting the eggs against microbial invasions (Schol et al. 2001).
default_namespace
TADS:0000375
Fig. 1-EAA, Fig. 8-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352; Also in Parasitol. Res. 82: 215 -221.
adult Gene's organ tubular gland
TADS:0000375
Accessory glands associated with the Gene's organ that secrete waxy fluids via main efferent ducts into the organ. Kuhn et al. describe reported lectin activity in the "invaginations of the Gene's organ" suggesting that lectins play a role in protecting the eggs against microbial invasions (Schol et al. 2001).
ISSN:0168-8162
The opening at the posterior end of the organ. The Gene's organ is open to the hemocoel and hemolymph circulates into the organ, contributing the hydrostatic pressure that everts the gland during egg waxing activity. From Schol et al. (2001).
default_namespace
TADS:0000376
Fig. 1-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult Gene's organ aperture
TADS:0000376
The opening at the posterior end of the organ. The Gene's organ is open to the hemocoel and hemolymph circulates into the organ, contributing the hydrostatic pressure that everts the gland during egg waxing activity. From Schol et al. (2001).
ISSN:0168-8162
The main duct that carries the secretions of the Gene's organ tubular glands to the lumen between the epithelial sac and the cuticular sac surrounding the corpus and horns.
default_namespace
TADS:0000377
Fig. 8-EAA, Fig. 10-EAA, Fig. 11-EAA, Fig. 12-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult tubular gland main efferent duct
TADS:0000377
The main duct that carries the secretions of the Gene's organ tubular glands to the lumen between the epithelial sac and the cuticular sac surrounding the corpus and horns.
ISSN:0168-8162
The lumen between the epithelium of the epithelial sac and the cuticular sac. This is the lumen into which the secretions of the accessory glands accumulate and presumably migrate into the corpus and horns when the gland is everted to wax the eggs (Schol et al. 2001).
default_namespace
TADS:0000378
Fig. 1-EAA, Fig. 3-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult Gene's organ epithelial sac lumen
TADS:0000378
The lumen between the epithelium of the epithelial sac and the cuticular sac. This is the lumen into which the secretions of the accessory glands accumulate and presumably migrate into the corpus and horns when the gland is everted to wax the eggs (Schol et al. 2001).
ISSN:0168-8162
Numerous pits located on the surface of the cuticular sac. Each pit contains a pore joined to tubuli that open into the lumen between the cuticular and epithelial sacs.
default_namespace
TADS:0000379
Fig. 3-EAA, Fig. 5-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult circular cribate pit
TADS:0000379
Numerous pits located on the surface of the cuticular sac. Each pit contains a pore joined to tubuli that open into the lumen between the cuticular and epithelial sacs.
ISSN:0168-8162
These pores are the openings of the tubuli that permeate the cuticle of the cuticular sac and allow waxy secretions to spread out over its surface when the horns are everted.
default_namespace
TADS:0000380
Fig. 5-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult cribate pit pore
TADS:0000380
These pores are the openings of the tubuli that permeate the cuticle of the cuticular sac and allow waxy secretions to spread out over its surface when the horns are everted.
ISSN:0168-8162
Elongated (247.5 nm) submicroscopic tubes that permeate the walls of the cuticular sac, opening into the cribate pores on theexternal side of the cuticular sac and the lumen between the epithelial and cuticular sacs on the internal side.
default_namespace
TADS:0000381
Fig. 5-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult cuticular sac tubuli
TADS:0000381
Elongated (247.5 nm) submicroscopic tubes that permeate the walls of the cuticular sac, opening into the cribate pores on theexternal side of the cuticular sac and the lumen between the epithelial and cuticular sacs on the internal side.
ISSN:0168-8162
Folds (mean height 5.9 microns) in the epicuticular surface of the external side of the cuticular sac in the lateral regions ofthe corpus and horns. These ledge-like structures give the horns and the lateral regions of the corpus its folded appearance when theeverted organ is viewed with the Scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Schol et al. 2001).
default_namespace
TADS:0000382
Fig. 5-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult cuticular sac ledge
TADS:0000382
Folds (mean height 5.9 microns) in the epicuticular surface of the external side of the cuticular sac in the lateral regions ofthe corpus and horns. These ledge-like structures give the horns and the lateral regions of the corpus its folded appearance when theeverted organ is viewed with the Scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Schol et al. 2001).
ISSN:0168-8162.
The blind ending extension of the tubular glands, cranial glands and caudal glands.
default_namespace
TADS:0000383
Fig. 1-EAA, Fig. 10-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult Gene's organ tubular endpiece
TADS:0000383
The blind ending extension of the tubular glands, cranial glands and caudal glands.
ISSN:0168-8162
The fluid filled duct of the tubular end pieces of each gland that empty into the main efferent ducts (Schol et al. 2001).
default_namespace
TADS:0000384
Fig. 11-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult Gene's organ tubular endpiece central excretory duct
TADS:0000384
The fluid filled duct of the tubular end pieces of each gland that empty into the main efferent ducts (Schol et al. 2001).
ISSN:0168-8162
The cells that line the tubular end pieces and secrete the amorphous waxy fluid that flows into the ducts and eventually out on to the horns to wax the eggs. Each gland cell secretes into its own individual lumen and is connected to a cuticular pore by a duct cell.
default_namespace
TADS:0000385
Fig. 10-EAA, Fig. 11-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult Gene's organ tubular end piece gland cell
TADS:0000385
The cells that line the tubular end pieces and secrete the amorphous waxy fluid that flows into the ducts and eventually out on to the horns to wax the eggs. Each gland cell secretes into its own individual lumen and is connected to a cuticular pore by a duct cell.
ISSN:0168-8162
Innumerable tiny delicate cuticular folds that cover the surfaces of the horms of the Gene's organ (Schol et al. 2001).
default_namespace
TADS:0000386
Fig. 17-EAA, Fig. 18-EAA, Fig. 19-EAA, Fig. 20-EAA, Fig. 21-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult Gene's organ horn ledge
TADS:0000386
Innumerable tiny delicate cuticular folds that cover the surfaces of the horms of the Gene's organ (Schol et al. 2001).
ISSN:0168-8162
The fluid filled cavity within which waxy secretions flows into the main duct of the gland (Schol et al. 2001).
default_namespace
TADS:0000387
Fig. 9-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult Gene's organ exceretory duct lumen
TADS:0000387
The fluid filled cavity within which waxy secretions flows into the main duct of the gland (Schol et al. 2001).
ISSN:0168-8162
Duct cells are cells that connect the secretory glandular cells to the cuticular pores of the cuticular sac (Tissue and Cell 16: 589-599).
default_namespace
TADS:0000388
Fig. 10-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult Gene's organ tubular end piece duct cell
TADS:0000388
Duct cells are cells that connect the secretory glandular cells to the cuticular pores of the cuticular sac (Tissue and Cell 16: 589-599).
ISSN:0040-8166
The epithelial layer that secretes the atrial chamber wall.
default_namespace
TADS:0000389
adult atrial chamber epithelium
TADS:0000389
The epithelial layer that secretes the atrial chamber wall.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The cuticle that forms the inner wall of the atrial chamber.
default_namespace
TADS:0000390
adult atrial chamber cuticular lining
TADS:0000390
The cuticle that forms the inner wall of the atrial chamber.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Openings (pores) on the epicuticular surface of the cuticular sac. These pores are the openings of the tubuli in the wall of the cuticular sac. The tubuli pass through the cuticular sac and end in pores on the epicuticular surface and open into the lumen between the epithelial sac and the cuticular sac. The arrangement is similar in both argasid and ixodid ticks.
default_namespace
TADS:0000391
Fig. 5-EAA, in Exp. Appl. Acarol. 25: 327-352.
adult cuticular sac pore
TADS:0000391
Openings (pores) on the epicuticular surface of the cuticular sac. These pores are the openings of the tubuli in the wall of the cuticular sac. The tubuli pass through the cuticular sac and end in pores on the epicuticular surface and open into the lumen between the epithelial sac and the cuticular sac. The arrangement is similar in both argasid and ixodid ticks.
Med.Vet.Entomol.:15:422-332
The ductular zone comprised of numerous ducts connecting the secretory lobes of the foveal gland with the foveal pores.
default_namespace
TADS:0000392
Fig. 19-15, Fig. 19-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult foveal neck zone
TADS:0000392
The ductular zone comprised of numerous ducts connecting the secretory lobes of the foveal gland with the foveal pores.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The cells that form the foveal ducts.
default_namespace
TADS:0000393
Fig. 19-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult foveal duct cell
TADS:0000393
true
The cells that form the foveal ducts.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The ampullae are cap-like structures that connect the foveal ducts in the cuticle with the gland ducts below the cuticle. Each ampulla is composed of an electron dense outer zone with flap-like ends that enclose the structure like a cap, and a more lucent innerzone where each duct from the secretory lobes is inserted.
default_namespace
TADS:0000394
Fig. 19-16, Fig. 19-20, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult foveal duct ampullae
TADS:0000394
The ampullae are cap-like structures that connect the foveal ducts in the cuticle with the gland ducts below the cuticle. Each ampulla is composed of an electron dense outer zone with flap-like ends that enclose the structure like a cap, and a more lucent innerzone where each duct from the secretory lobes is inserted.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The pair of porose areas located on the dorsal surface of the body in adult ixodid ticks. In females, the paired foveae arelocated in the mid-alloscutal part of the dorsum immediately posterior the scutum. Each fovea contains from 15 - 50 slit-like poresin a circular field surrounded by a narrow circular ridge. The external pores communicate with the foveal ducts the permeate thecuticle below the structure. In males, far fewer slits occur and there is no circular ridge. Foveae dorsales are absent in juvenilestage ticks and in argasid ticks.
default_namespace
TADS:0000395
Fig. 19-3, Fig. 19-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult foveae dorsales
TADS:0000395
The pair of porose areas located on the dorsal surface of the body in adult ixodid ticks. In females, the paired foveae arelocated in the mid-alloscutal part of the dorsum immediately posterior the scutum. Each fovea contains from 15 - 50 slit-like poresin a circular field surrounded by a narrow circular ridge. The external pores communicate with the foveal ducts the permeate thecuticle below the structure. In males, far fewer slits occur and there is no circular ridge. Foveae dorsales are absent in juvenilestage ticks and in argasid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells that forms the wall of this tube.
default_namespace
TADS:0000396
adult intestine lining epithelium
TADS:0000396
The single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells that forms the wall of this tube.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The thin layer of squamous or cuboidal cells that forms the wall of the rectal sac.
default_namespace
TADS:0000397
adult rectal sac epithelial lining
TADS:0000397
The thin layer of squamous or cuboidal cells that forms the wall of the rectal sac.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The thin layer of squamous epithelial cells that secretes the cuticle lining of the rectum.
default_namespace
TADS:0000398
adult rectum epithelial layer
TADS:0000398
The thin layer of squamous epithelial cells that secretes the cuticle lining of the rectum.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A spine located on the dorsal surface of the inner cheliceral digit.
default_namespace
TADS:0000399
adult inner cheliceral digit dorsal spine
TADS:0000399
A spine located on the dorsal surface of the inner cheliceral digit.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A band or u-shaped crescentic tube stretched horizontally across the posterior region of the body. The ovary is studded withinnumerable oocytes that expand in size during oogenesis, fill with brown yolk (vitellogenin) after mating and eventually migrate outinto the oviducts and vagina to exit the body. The ovary appears as a delicate, white tube in unfed females but becomes veryprominent during feeding, eventually appearing as one of the largest organs in the body. The ovary is similar in both ixodid andargasid ticks. In D. andersoni, the ovary is approximately 6 mm long by 64 - 110 microns in diameter. The tick ovary is of thepanoistic type, i.e., it lacks nurse cells.
default_namespace
TADS:0000400
Fig. 16-1, Fig. 16-3, Fig. 16-4, Fig. 16-5, Fig. 16-6, Fig. 16-7, Fig. 16-8, Fig. 16-9, Fig. 16-10, Fig. 16-11, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult ovary
TADS:0000400
A band or u-shaped crescentic tube stretched horizontally across the posterior region of the body. The ovary is studded withinnumerable oocytes that expand in size during oogenesis, fill with brown yolk (vitellogenin) after mating and eventually migrate outinto the oviducts and vagina to exit the body. The ovary appears as a delicate, white tube in unfed females but becomes veryprominent during feeding, eventually appearing as one of the largest organs in the body. The ovary is similar in both ixodid andargasid ticks. In D. andersoni, the ovary is approximately 6 mm long by 64 - 110 microns in diameter. The tick ovary is of thepanoistic type, i.e., it lacks nurse cells.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Undifferentiated cells that form the epithelial lining and occur between the oogonia or developing oocytes. Comparable to stemcells.
default_namespace
Germinal cells
TADS:0000401
adult ovary interstitial cell
TADS:0000401
Undifferentiated cells that form the epithelial lining and occur between the oogonia or developing oocytes. Comparable to stemcells.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The earliest developmental stage cells that will become oocytes. Oogonia are committed cells that have not yet begun to fullydevelop into oocytes.
default_namespace
TADS:0000402
Fig. 16-8, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult ovary oogonia
TADS:0000402
The earliest developmental stage cells that will become oocytes. Oogonia are committed cells that have not yet begun to fullydevelop into oocytes.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The outer layer of squamous epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells that surrounds the ovary and forms its wall. Lies againstthe epithelial layer.
default_namespace
TADS:0000403
adult ovary outer wall
TADS:0000403
The outer layer of squamous epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells that surrounds the ovary and forms its wall. Lies againstthe epithelial layer.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The tunica propria is the amorphous lamellate sheath comprised of multiple layers of fibrillar material, collectively about 1micron thick. The tunica propria extends (folds) around each of the developing oocytes and forms an outer covering as they enlarge. The tunica propria is believed to be permeable to vitellogenin and other hemolymph proteins.
default_namespace
TADS:0000404
Fig. 16-24, Fig. 16-27, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult ovary tunica propria
TADS:0000404
The tunica propria is the amorphous lamellate sheath comprised of multiple layers of fibrillar material, collectively about 1micron thick. The tunica propria extends (folds) around each of the developing oocytes and forms an outer covering as they enlarge. The tunica propria is believed to be permeable to vitellogenin and other hemolymph proteins.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The tube-like cavity (lumen) of the ovary. Lined by the lumenal epithelium. The ovarian lumen is continuous with the oviducts. Fully developed oocytes pass into the lumen and migrate to the oviducts for eventual passage out of the reproductive system.
default_namespace
TADS:0000405
Fig. 16-6, Fig. 16-8, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult ovary lumen
TADS:0000405
The tube-like cavity (lumen) of the ovary. Lined by the lumenal epithelium. The ovarian lumen is continuous with the oviducts. Fully developed oocytes pass into the lumen and migrate to the oviducts for eventual passage out of the reproductive system.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The layer of epithelial cells, mostly interstitial cells interspersed with oogonia, that forms the inner lining of the ovary.
default_namespace
TADS:0000406
Fig. 16-6, Fig. 16-7, Fig. 16-8, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult ovary lumenal epithelium
TADS:0000406
The layer of epithelial cells, mostly interstitial cells interspersed with oogonia, that forms the inner lining of the ovary.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
An elongated depression on one side of the length of the ovary. Germinal cells in the longitudinal groove are generally less well developed than elsewhere in the ovary; this appears to be a region of slower developmental activity.
default_namespace
TADS:0000407
Fig. 16-8, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult ovary longitudinal groove
TADS:0000407
An elongated depression on one side of the length of the ovary. Germinal cells in the longitudinal groove are generally less well developed than elsewhere in the ovary; this appears to be a region of slower developmental activity.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
These are the earliest stage in the development of the oocytes that appears soon after attachment and the commencement offeeding in ixodid ticks or soon after the blood meal in the fast feeding argasid ticks. Stage I oocytes bulge externally on the outersurface of the ovary, appearing larger than the interstitial cells but with little additional cytoplasm. Stage I oocytes areprevitellogenic (i.e., lack yolk).
default_namespace
TADS:0000408
Fig. 16-8, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult ovary stage I oocyte
TADS:0000408
These are the earliest stage in the development of the oocytes that appears soon after attachment and the commencement offeeding in ixodid ticks or soon after the blood meal in the fast feeding argasid ticks. Stage I oocytes bulge externally on the outersurface of the ovary, appearing larger than the interstitial cells but with little additional cytoplasm. Stage I oocytes areprevitellogenic (i.e., lack yolk).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Stage II oocytes are considerably larger than the stage I oocytes and constitute the next stage in their development. They continue to enlarge, with a much greater increase in cytoplasm during the slow feeding phase in ivirgin ixodid ticks or post-feedingbut prior to mating in argasid ticks. Stage II oocytes bulge externally on the outer surface of the ovary, appearing much larger than the interstitial cells or stage I oocytes. Stage II oocytes are also previtellogenic (i.e., lack yolk) cells and remain white in color.
default_namespace
TADS:0000409
Fig, 16-8, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult ovary stage II oocyte
TADS:0000409
Stage II oocytes are considerably larger than the stage I oocytes and constitute the next stage in their development. They continue to enlarge, with a much greater increase in cytoplasm during the slow feeding phase in ivirgin ixodid ticks or post-feedingbut prior to mating in argasid ticks. Stage II oocytes bulge externally on the outer surface of the ovary, appearing much larger than the interstitial cells or stage I oocytes. Stage II oocytes are also previtellogenic (i.e., lack yolk) cells and remain white in color.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Stage III oocytes constitute the developmental stage of the oocytes when they first begin to acquire yolk. Following mating,high levels of ecdysteroid (20-hydroxyecdysone) stimulate vitellogenin production in the fat body and, simultaneously, upregulation of the vitellogenin receptors in the oocytes (Thompson et al. 2007; Mitchell et al. 2007). As a result, the enlarging oocytes now begin to acquire yolk granules and begin to turn brown in color (vitellogenin is a lipoglycoheme protein). The stage III oocytes are larger than the stage I or stage II oocytes and are easily distinguished by their brown color.
default_namespace
TADS:0000410
Fig. 16-8, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult ovary stage III oocyte
TADS:0000410
Stage III oocytes constitute the developmental stage of the oocytes when they first begin to acquire yolk. Following mating,high levels of ecdysteroid (20-hydroxyecdysone) stimulate vitellogenin production in the fat body and, simultaneously, upregulation of the vitellogenin receptors in the oocytes (Thompson et al. 2007; Mitchell et al. 2007). As a result, the enlarging oocytes now begin to acquire yolk granules and begin to turn brown in color (vitellogenin is a lipoglycoheme protein). The stage III oocytes are larger than the stage I or stage II oocytes and are easily distinguished by their brown color.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The greatly enlarged oocyte filled with enormous masses of yolk spheres. Shell formation begins at this stage. A micropyle ispresent in this stage, through which spermatozoa can enter the oocyte for fertilization.
default_namespace
TADS:0000411
Fig. 16-8, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult ovary stage IV oocyte
TADS:0000411
The greatly enlarged oocyte filled with enormous masses of yolk spheres. Shell formation begins at this stage. A micropyle ispresent in this stage, through which spermatozoa can enter the oocyte for fertilization.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The final stage in oocyte development. At this stage, the oocyte passes through the funiculus, the tiny tube attaching it tothe ovary wall, and into the lumen. Many stage V oocytes have already been fertilized and covered with a fully formed shell, i.e., it is now an egg (but not embryonated). This passage of the stage V oocyte into the ovary lumen constitutes ovulation.
default_namespace
Ovum
TADS:0000412
Fig. 16-8, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult ovary stage V oocyte
TADS:0000412
The final stage in oocyte development. At this stage, the oocyte passes through the funiculus, the tiny tube attaching it tothe ovary wall, and into the lumen. Many stage V oocytes have already been fertilized and covered with a fully formed shell, i.e., it is now an egg (but not embryonated). This passage of the stage V oocyte into the ovary lumen constitutes ovulation.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The funiculus is the narrow tube through which the fully developed stage V oocytes passes into the lumen of the ovary (ovulation).
default_namespace
Pedicel
TADS:0000413
Fig. 16-8, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult ovary funiculus
TADS:0000413
The funiculus is the narrow tube through which the fully developed stage V oocytes passes into the lumen of the ovary (ovulation).
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The cells that form the funiculus. Typically, two or more cells form this structure.
default_namespace
TADS:0000414
adult ovary funicular cell
TADS:0000414
The cells that form the funiculus. Typically, two or more cells form this structure.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The long coiled tube connecting the ovary with the uterus. In argasid ticks, the oviducts expand near their junction with the uterus, forming a bulbous ampulla.
default_namespace
TADS:0000415
Fig. 16-1, Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-3, Fig. 16-4, Fig. 16-7, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult oviduct
TADS:0000415
The long coiled tube connecting the ovary with the uterus. In argasid ticks, the oviducts expand near their junction with the uterus, forming a bulbous ampulla.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The sclerotized outer covering of the egg.
default_namespace
TADS:0000416
Fig. 16-8, Fig. 16-27, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult oocyte shell
TADS:0000416
The sclerotized outer covering of the egg.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The tiny groove-shaped opening at the end of the developing stage IV oocyte through which mature spermatozoa may enter theoocyte for fertilization. The micropyle is adjacent to the funiculus.
default_namespace
TADS:0000417
Fig. 16-8, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult oocyte micropyle
TADS:0000417
The tiny groove-shaped opening at the end of the developing stage IV oocyte through which mature spermatozoa may enter theoocyte for fertilization. The micropyle is adjacent to the funiculus.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The lining of the oviduct consists of a thin layer of mostly cuboidal epithelial cells about 25 - 40 microns throughout most ofthe length of this structure. The outer wall consists of a basal lamina and a thin connective tissue membrane with occasional smoothmuscle cells arranged circumferentially around the duct. In feeding ticks, the epithelial lining expands as a result of celldivisions and becomes several layers thick.
default_namespace
TADS:0000418
Fig. 16-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult oviduct epithelial lining
TADS:0000418
The lining of the oviduct consists of a thin layer of mostly cuboidal epithelial cells about 25 - 40 microns throughout most ofthe length of this structure. The outer wall consists of a basal lamina and a thin connective tissue membrane with occasional smoothmuscle cells arranged circumferentially around the duct. In feeding ticks, the epithelial lining expands as a result of celldivisions and becomes several layers thick.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The outer wall of the oviduct surrounds the epithelial layer. The outer wall consists of a thick basal lamina and a thin connective tissue membrane with occasional smooth muscle cells arranged circumferentially around the duct.
default_namespace
TADS:0000419
Fig. 16-7, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult oviduct outer wall
TADS:0000419
The outer wall of the oviduct surrounds the epithelial layer. The outer wall consists of a thick basal lamina and a thin connective tissue membrane with occasional smooth muscle cells arranged circumferentially around the duct.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In argasid ticks, the oviducts expand into large thick bulbous structures near the point where the oviducts merge with theuterus. The walls of the ampullae are considerably thicker than the other regions of the oviduct. The function of the ampullae is unknown. Ampullae have not been reported to occur in ixodid ticks.
default_namespace
TADS:0000420
Fig. 16-3, Fig. 16-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult oviduct ampulla
TADS:0000420
In argasid ticks, the oviducts expand into large thick bulbous structures near the point where the oviducts merge with theuterus. The walls of the ampullae are considerably thicker than the other regions of the oviduct. The function of the ampullae is unknown. Ampullae have not been reported to occur in ixodid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The uterus is the region of the female reproductive track between the oviducts and the vagina. The uterus is much moreprominent in argasid ticks. In ixodid ticks, is a short tube between the oviducts and the distally located connecting tube. The lining of the uterus is similar to the oviducts.
default_namespace
TADS:0000421
Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-3, Fig. 16-4, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult uterus
TADS:0000421
The uterus is the region of the female reproductive track between the oviducts and the vagina. The uterus is much moreprominent in argasid ticks. In ixodid ticks, is a short tube between the oviducts and the distally located connecting tube. The lining of the uterus is similar to the oviducts.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The lining of the uterus is formed of a thin layer of cuboidal cells similar to that of the oviducts.
default_namespace
TADS:0000422
adult uterus lining epithelium
TADS:0000422
The lining of the uterus is formed of a thin layer of cuboidal cells similar to that of the oviducts.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The outer wall of the uterus resembles the structure of the outer wall of the oviducts, with a delicate basal lamina, connectivetissue fibers and occasional smooth muscle cells.
default_namespace
TADS:0000423
adult uterus outer wall
TADS:0000423
The outer wall of the uterus resembles the structure of the outer wall of the oviducts, with a delicate basal lamina, connectivetissue fibers and occasional smooth muscle cells.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In ixodid ticks, the uterine connecting tube is a short, narrow duct that connects the uterus to the cervical vagina. The innerwall is lined with a thin layer of cuticle, 2 - 3 microns thick. The outer wall is comprised of thin layer of epithelial cellscovered by smooth muscle cells.
default_namespace
TADS:0000424
Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-12, Fig. 16-14, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult uterine connecting tube
TADS:0000424
In ixodid ticks, the uterine connecting tube is a short, narrow duct that connects the uterus to the cervical vagina. The innerwall is lined with a thin layer of cuticle, 2 - 3 microns thick. The outer wall is comprised of thin layer of epithelial cellscovered by smooth muscle cells.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The thin (2 - 3 microns thick) layer of cuticle that lines this structure.
default_namespace
TADS:0000425
Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-14, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult uterine connecting tube cuticular lining
TADS:0000425
The thin (2 - 3 microns thick) layer of cuticle that lines this structure.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The thin layer of epithelial cells that forms part of the wall of the connecting tube. The cells are mostly squamous orcuboidal. These cells secrete the cuticular lining.
default_namespace
TADS:0000426
Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-12, Fig. 16-13, Fig. 16-14, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult uterine connecting tube epithelial layer
TADS:0000426
The thin layer of epithelial cells that forms part of the wall of the connecting tube. The cells are mostly squamous orcuboidal. These cells secrete the cuticular lining.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The layer of smooth muscle cells that surround the connecting tube. The muscle layer is approximately three or four cells thick.
default_namespace
TADS:0000427
Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult uterine connecting tube muscle layer
TADS:0000427
The layer of smooth muscle cells that surround the connecting tube. The muscle layer is approximately three or four cells thick.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The cervical vagina is the thick muscular zone of the vagina. The cervical vagina is lined with a thick layer of highly foldedcuticle some 13 - 25 microns thick, a thick complex epithelium of cuboidal and tall columnar cells and, finally, an especially layerof smooth muscle. The cervical vagina opens into the vestibular vagina at its anterior end, the connecting tube at itspostero-ventral end and the seminal receptacle at its posterodorsal end. The cervical vagina serves as the organ responsible forexpelling the eggs from the reproductive tract, i.e., it functions as an ovipositor, during oviposition.
default_namespace
TADS:0000428
Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-3, Fig. 16-12, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult cervical vagina
TADS:0000428
The cervical vagina is the thick muscular zone of the vagina. The cervical vagina is lined with a thick layer of highly foldedcuticle some 13 - 25 microns thick, a thick complex epithelium of cuboidal and tall columnar cells and, finally, an especially layerof smooth muscle. The cervical vagina opens into the vestibular vagina at its anterior end, the connecting tube at itspostero-ventral end and the seminal receptacle at its posterodorsal end. The cervical vagina serves as the organ responsible forexpelling the eggs from the reproductive tract, i.e., it functions as an ovipositor, during oviposition.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
In ticks, the cervical vagina is lined with a relatively thick zone of highly folded, labyrinthine cuticle about 13 - 25 microns thick.
default_namespace
TADS:0000429
adult cervical vagina cuticular lining
TADS:0000429
In ticks, the cervical vagina is lined with a relatively thick zone of highly folded, labyrinthine cuticle about 13 - 25 microns thick.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The epithelium of the cervical vagina is many cells thick, comprising both cuboidal and tall columnar cells that appear to behighly interdigitated with one another.
default_namespace
TADS:0000430
adult cervical vagina epithelial layer
TADS:0000430
The epithelium of the cervical vagina is many cells thick, comprising both cuboidal and tall columnar cells that appear to behighly interdigitated with one another.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
A thick band comprised of mutiple layers of smooth muscle cells that form the outer layer of the wall of the cervical vagina. The muscle mass here is thicker than in any other part of the female reproductive system, indicating its importance in expelling theeggs during oviposition.
default_namespace
TADS:0000431
adult cervical vagina muscle layer
TADS:0000431
A thick band comprised of mutiple layers of smooth muscle cells that form the outer layer of the wall of the cervical vagina. The muscle mass here is thicker than in any other part of the female reproductive system, indicating its importance in expelling theeggs during oviposition.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Cuboidal cells are one of the two most common types of cells that form the epithelial layer of the cervical vagina. These cellsinterdigitate with the tall columnar cells that are the second most common type.
default_namespace
TADS:0000432
adult cerviceal vagina epithelial cuboidal cell
TADS:0000432
Cuboidal cells are one of the two most common types of cells that form the epithelial layer of the cervical vagina. These cellsinterdigitate with the tall columnar cells that are the second most common type.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The tall columnar cells are one of the most common types of cells that comprise the epithelium of this organ. These cellsinterdigitate with the cuboidal cells, the other most common type. Microvilli appear on the luminal boundaries of the proximal cells,i.e.,the cells adjacent to the cuticular lining. The basal plasma membrane of these cells is highly folded.
default_namespace
TADS:0000433
adult cervical vagina epithelial columnar cell
TADS:0000433
The tall columnar cells are one of the most common types of cells that comprise the epithelium of this organ. These cellsinterdigitate with the cuboidal cells, the other most common type. Microvilli appear on the luminal boundaries of the proximal cells,i.e.,the cells adjacent to the cuticular lining. The basal plasma membrane of these cells is highly folded.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The large, folded sac-like organ lying just above (dorsal) the cervical vagina and the connecting tube. It is connected to theposterior end of the cervical vagina.
default_namespace
TADS:0000434
Fig. 16-1, Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-15, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult seminal receptacle
TADS:0000434
The large, folded sac-like organ lying just above (dorsal) the cervical vagina and the connecting tube. It is connected to theposterior end of the cervical vagina.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The narrow channel within the oviducts that will contain the ova as they migrate down the oviducts to the uterus.
default_namespace
TADS:0000435
Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-7, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult oviduct lumen
TADS:0000435
The narrow channel within the oviducts that will contain the ova as they migrate down the oviducts to the uterus.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The internal cavity within the uterus where the ova are stored until ready to be discharged from the vagina. The uterine lumenis a large area in argasid ticks, but small in ixodid ticks.
default_namespace
TADS:0000436
adult uterine lumen
TADS:0000436
The internal cavity within the uterus where the ova are stored until ready to be discharged from the vagina. The uterine lumenis a large area in argasid ticks, but small in ixodid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
This is the thin layer of cuticle, approximately 1 - 2 microns thick, that lines the inner sides of this organ. The innercuticular lining is contiguous with the cuticular lining of the cervical vagina.
default_namespace
TADS:0000437
Fig. 16-15, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult seminal receptacle cuticular lining
TADS:0000437
This is the thin layer of cuticle, approximately 1 - 2 microns thick, that lines the inner sides of this organ. The innercuticular lining is contiguous with the cuticular lining of the cervical vagina.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The epithelium of the seminal receptacle is multi-layered with many large cuboidal cells containing huge nuclei, some as largeas 30 microns. These cells enlarge greatly after the female is inseminated and show ultrastructural features characteristics ofsecretory activity. The nature of the secretions is unknown. Other smaller cells also occur.
default_namespace
TADS:0000438
Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-15, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult seminal receptacle epithelial lining
TADS:0000438
The epithelium of the seminal receptacle is multi-layered with many large cuboidal cells containing huge nuclei, some as largeas 30 microns. These cells enlarge greatly after the female is inseminated and show ultrastructural features characteristics ofsecretory activity. The nature of the secretions is unknown. Other smaller cells also occur.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The central cavity of the seminal receptacle where the spermatozoa are stored following insemination by the male aftercopulation. Masses of spermatozoa emerge from the seminal receptacle cavity and migrate up the oviducts to fertilize the ova.
default_namespace
TADS:0000439
Fig. 16-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult seminal receptacle lumen
TADS:0000439
The central cavity of the seminal receptacle where the spermatozoa are stored following insemination by the male aftercopulation. Masses of spermatozoa emerge from the seminal receptacle cavity and migrate up the oviducts to fertilize the ova.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The vaginal lumen is the cavity at the center of the organ. Fertilized eggs pass into the cervical vagina and are expelled bythe powerful constrictor muscles surrounding its wall. The lumen of the cervical vagina enlarges to allow egg passage.
default_namespace
TADS:0000440
adult cervical vagina lumen
TADS:0000440
The vaginal lumen is the cavity at the center of the organ. Fertilized eggs pass into the cervical vagina and are expelled bythe powerful constrictor muscles surrounding its wall. The lumen of the cervical vagina enlarges to allow egg passage.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The vestibular vagina is the elongated, rounded tube that connects the muscular cervical vagina to the female genital pore. In ixodid ticks, it is approximately 320 - 360 microns long. It is somewhat shorter in argasid ticks. The vestibular vagina is lined with cuticle folded into trabeculae thereby forming a thick layer about 15 - 20 microns across. A thin layer of epithelial cellssurrounds the cuticular lining. In ixodid. Tthe vestibular vagina is surrounded by a multilobed glandular epithelium, the lobular accessory gland. This gland is absent in argasid ticks. A pair of tubular accessory glands are located at the junction ofthe vestibular vagina with the cervical vagina and empty into the vagina at this juncture. In ixodid ticks, the vestibular vaginaenlarges greatly during oviposition, the walls thin and stretch and the tube functions as a primitive ovipositor, assisting in propelling the egg from the vagina out through the genital pore.
default_namespace
TADS:0000441
Fig. 16-1, Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-3, Fig. 16-19, Fig. 16-20, Fig. 16-21, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult vestibular vagina
TADS:0000441
The vestibular vagina is the elongated, rounded tube that connects the muscular cervical vagina to the female genital pore. In ixodid ticks, it is approximately 320 - 360 microns long. It is somewhat shorter in argasid ticks. The vestibular vagina is lined with cuticle folded into trabeculae thereby forming a thick layer about 15 - 20 microns across. A thin layer of epithelial cellssurrounds the cuticular lining. In ixodid. Tthe vestibular vagina is surrounded by a multilobed glandular epithelium, the lobular accessory gland. This gland is absent in argasid ticks. A pair of tubular accessory glands are located at the junction ofthe vestibular vagina with the cervical vagina and empty into the vagina at this juncture. In ixodid ticks, the vestibular vaginaenlarges greatly during oviposition, the walls thin and stretch and the tube functions as a primitive ovipositor, assisting in propelling the egg from the vagina out through the genital pore.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The vestibular vagina is lined with a thin layer of cuticle which is folded into deep folds about 15 - 20 microns thick termedtrabeculae. The trabeculae resemble the villi of the vertebrate intestine. These thick folds increae the surface area of thecuticular lining.
default_namespace
TADS:0000442
Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-21, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult vestibular vagina cuticular lining
TADS:0000442
The vestibular vagina is lined with a thin layer of cuticle which is folded into deep folds about 15 - 20 microns thick termedtrabeculae. The trabeculae resemble the villi of the vertebrate intestine. These thick folds increae the surface area of thecuticular lining.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The trabeculae constitute the thick folds of the cuticular lining resembling the villi of the human intestine.
default_namespace
TADS:0000443
adult vestibular vagina trabeculae
TADS:0000443
The trabeculae constitute the thick folds of the cuticular lining resembling the villi of the human intestine.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
This is the thin layer of epithelial cells that secretes the cuticular lining of the vestibular vagaina.
default_namespace
TADS:0000444
Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-21, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult vestibular vagina epithelium
TADS:0000444
This is the thin layer of epithelial cells that secretes the cuticular lining of the vestibular vagaina.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The vestibular sinus is the space between the vestibular vagina and the surrounding lobular accessory gland.
default_namespace
TADS:0000445
Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-21, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult vestibular vagina vestibular sinus
TADS:0000445
The vestibular sinus is the space between the vestibular vagina and the surrounding lobular accessory gland.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
This is the cavity of the vestibular vagina. The lumen is a flattened space in the unfed or previtellogenic tick, some 10 - 20 microns in width and approximately 150 microns in length. It expands during the post-vitellogenic and ovipositional phases of tick reproductive activity.
default_namespace
TADS:0000446
Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-21, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult vestibular vagina lumen
TADS:0000446
This is the cavity of the vestibular vagina. The lumen is a flattened space in the unfed or previtellogenic tick, some 10 - 20 microns in width and approximately 150 microns in length. It expands during the post-vitellogenic and ovipositional phases of tick reproductive activity.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The tubular accessory glands (TAG) are a pair of glandular structures located at the junction of the cervical vagina with thevestibular vagina. They are present in both ixodid and argasid ticks. Each gland consists of a narrow neck-like section, resemblinga duct, and a broad,bulbous or vermiform glandular region that constitutes the major portion of the gland.
default_namespace
TAG
TADS:0000447
Fig. 16-1, Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-3, Fig. 16-16, Fig. 16-17, Fig. 16-18, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult female tubular accessory glands
TADS:0000447
The tubular accessory glands (TAG) are a pair of glandular structures located at the junction of the cervical vagina with thevestibular vagina. They are present in both ixodid and argasid ticks. Each gland consists of a narrow neck-like section, resemblinga duct, and a broad,bulbous or vermiform glandular region that constitutes the major portion of the gland.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
This is the narrow neck-like region of the gland that serves as the connecting duct between the bulbous glandular portion of the gland and the point where it joins the junction of the cervical and vestibular vagina.
default_namespace
TAG
TADS:0000448
Fig. 16-2, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult TAG duct
TADS:0000448
This is the narrow neck-like region of the gland that serves as the connecting duct between the bulbous glandular portion of the gland and the point where it joins the junction of the cervical and vestibular vagina.
ISBN:0-19-05910-7
The duct zone of the tubular accessory gland (TAG) is lined with a very thin (0.3 microns) layer of cuticle.
default_namespace
TADS:0000449
adult TAG duct zone cuticular lining
TADS:0000449
The duct zone of the tubular accessory gland (TAG) is lined with a very thin (0.3 microns) layer of cuticle.
ISBN:0-19-05910-7
The epithelium of the tubular accessory gland duct zone consists of a thin, one cell thick layer of cuboidal epithelial cells. These cells secrete the cuticular lining.
default_namespace
TADS:0000450
adult TAG duct zone epithelium
TADS:0000450
The epithelium of the tubular accessory gland duct zone consists of a thin, one cell thick layer of cuboidal epithelial cells. These cells secrete the cuticular lining.
isbn:0-19-05910-7
The small, subcircular cavity of the duct zone that connects with the junction of the vestibular vagina and the cervical vagina.
default_namespace
TADS:0000451
adult TAG duct zone lumen
TADS:0000451
The small, subcircular cavity of the duct zone that connects with the junction of the vestibular vagina and the cervical vagina.
ISBN:0-19-05910-7
This is the broad, thick vermiform region of the gland filled with large glandular epithelial cells and their supporting cells.
default_namespace
TADS:0000452
Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-16, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult TAG glandular region
TADS:0000452
This is the broad, thick vermiform region of the gland filled with large glandular epithelial cells and their supporting cells.
ISBN:0-19-05910-7
This consists of several layers of large, cuboidal secretory cells and stellate (non-secretory) support cells. In feeding females, these cells multiply and expand greatly in size. The secretory cells are filled with masses of proteinaceous material at the apical ends of the cells. The apical cell surfaces have masses of microvilli that protrude into the lumen. A thin connective tissue layer with a few smooth muscle cells surrounds the epithelium and forms the outer wall of the TAG.
default_namespace
TADS:0000453
Fig. 16-17; Fig, 16-18, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult TAG glandular epithelium
TADS:0000453
This consists of several layers of large, cuboidal secretory cells and stellate (non-secretory) support cells. In feeding females, these cells multiply and expand greatly in size. The secretory cells are filled with masses of proteinaceous material at the apical ends of the cells. The apical cell surfaces have masses of microvilli that protrude into the lumen. A thin connective tissue layer with a few smooth muscle cells surrounds the epithelium and forms the outer wall of the TAG.
ISBN:0-19-05910-7
These are the cells that secrete masses of proteinaceous material into the TAG duct. The identity of the proteins that constitute these materials is unknown.
default_namespace
TADS:0000454
Fig. 16-18, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult TAG secretory cell
TADS:0000454
These are the cells that secrete masses of proteinaceous material into the TAG duct. The identity of the proteins that constitute these materials is unknown.
ISBN:0-19-05910-7
These cells are non-secretory cells that occur in the glandular portion of the TAG. Their role is unknown.
default_namespace
TADS:0000455
adult TAG stellate supporting cell
TADS:0000455
These cells are non-secretory cells that occur in the glandular portion of the TAG. Their role is unknown.
ISBN:0-19-05910-7
The outer wall of the glandular portion of the TAG is covered by a thin layer of connective tissue fibers and ocassional smoothmuscle cells.
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TADS:0000456
adult TAG connective tissue wall
TADS:0000456
The outer wall of the glandular portion of the TAG is covered by a thin layer of connective tissue fibers and ocassional smoothmuscle cells.
ISBN:0-19-05910-7
The lobular accessory gland (LAG) is found only in ixodid ticks. The LAG surrounds the vestibular vagina, separated from it by a vestibular sinus (VS). The LAG consists of a bulblous three-lobed gland about 150 microns thick surrounding the vestibular vagina. Numerous ducts permeate the lobes of the gland and fuse with the VS. The secretory cells of the LAG are filled with lipids. Although the function of the LAG is unknown, it is believed to produce a lipid rich secretion that coats the eggs as they pass through the vestibular vagina during oviposition.
default_namespace
LAG
TADS:0000457
Fig. 16 -1, Fig. 16-2, Fig. 16-19, Fig. 16-20, Fig. 16-21, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult lobular accessory gland
TADS:0000457
The lobular accessory gland (LAG) is found only in ixodid ticks. The LAG surrounds the vestibular vagina, separated from it by a vestibular sinus (VS). The LAG consists of a bulblous three-lobed gland about 150 microns thick surrounding the vestibular vagina. Numerous ducts permeate the lobes of the gland and fuse with the VS. The secretory cells of the LAG are filled with lipids. Although the function of the LAG is unknown, it is believed to produce a lipid rich secretion that coats the eggs as they pass through the vestibular vagina during oviposition.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
The secretory cells form the major portion of the LAG. Most are tall columnar epithelial cells. In feeding virgin females, thesecretory cells contain numerous mitochondria and extensive development of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes, features characteristic of secretory activity. However, no evidence of lipid droplets were reported, although this may be related to the timeof collection (i.e., perhaps this might have been found if samples were taken during oviposition). According to Lees and Beament (1948), these cells produce a lipid-rich secretion which coats the eggs as they pass along the vestibular vagina during oviposition, but this could not be confirmed in later studies.
default_namespace
TADS:0000458
Fig. 16-21, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult LAG secretory cell
TADS:0000458
The secretory cells form the major portion of the LAG. Most are tall columnar epithelial cells. In feeding virgin females, thesecretory cells contain numerous mitochondria and extensive development of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes, features characteristic of secretory activity. However, no evidence of lipid droplets were reported, although this may be related to the timeof collection (i.e., perhaps this might have been found if samples were taken during oviposition). According to Lees and Beament (1948), these cells produce a lipid-rich secretion which coats the eggs as they pass along the vestibular vagina during oviposition, but this could not be confirmed in later studies.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
Multiple ducts are found within the lobes of the LAG. These ducts lead from the lobular portion to the vestibular sinus surrounding the vestibular vagina and separating that organ from the LAG.
default_namespace
TADS:0000459
adult LAG lobular duct
TADS:0000459
Multiple ducts are found within the lobes of the LAG. These ducts lead from the lobular portion to the vestibular sinus surrounding the vestibular vagina and separating that organ from the LAG.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7
This system consists of the paired, tubular testes, the paired, convoluted vasa deferentia, a single seminal vesicle, the ejaculatory duct, the massive, multi-lobed male accessory gland and the genital pore. The system is similar in both ixodid andargasid ticks.
default_namespace
TADS:0000460
Fig. 17-1, Fig. 17-3, in Biology of Ticks ISBN:0-19-505910-7.
adult male reproductive system
TADS:0000460
This system consists of the paired, tubular testes, the paired, convoluted vasa deferentia, a single seminal vesicle, the ejaculatory duct, the massive, multi-lobed male accessory gland and the genital pore. The system is similar in both ixodid andargasid ticks.
ISBN:0-19-505910-7