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  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
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   "source": [
    "# Using a notebook\n",
    "The purpose of this notebook is to introduce the Jupyter interface. This notebook is a guide to the Jupyter interface and writing code and text in Jupyter notebooks with the _Python_ programming language and _Markdown_, the lightweight markup language.\n",
    "\n",
    "_This notebook was originally created for a Digital Mixer session at the [2016 STELLA Unconference](https://stellagroup.wordpress.com/)_"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Cells\n",
    "---\n",
    "The basic structure of a Jupyter notebook consists of linear sequence of cells from the top to the bottom of the page. A cell's content can consist of either:\n",
    "\n",
    "#### 1. code and code output"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# create a range of numbers\n",
    "numbers = range(0, 5)\n",
    "# print out each of the numbers in the range\n",
    "for number in numbers:\n",
    "    print(number)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 2. Markdown/html"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### This is a big header written in markdown\n",
    "#### This is a medium header written in markdown\n",
    "##### This is a small header written in markdown\n",
    "This is a paragraph written in markdown\n",
    "<div class=\"alert alert-warning\" role=\"alert\"><p>You can also write with <strong>html tags</strong></p></div>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 3. raw text "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "raw",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "This is ugly. You probably don't need to use raw text."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Click on any text above to see what cell it belongs to. The active cell will be surrounded by a green or blue outline. A green outline indicates you are in edit mode for that cell and you can type in the cell. A blue outline indicates that you are in command mode and you cannot type in the active cell. **To enter edit mode in a cell click on any code input area or double-click on any rendered Markdown text.**\n",
    "\n",
    "Notice that you can see the content type of the active cell in the multi-choice button in the notebook toolbar at the top of the page:\n",
    "\n",
    "![alt text](./cellType.png)\n",
    "\n",
    "**You can also use this button to change the cell type.**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Adding, removing, and moving cells\n",
    "---\n",
    "You can manage cells using the notebook toolbar.\n",
    "* **Adding a cell:** To add a new cell below the active cell, click <i class=\"fa-plus fa\"></i>\n",
    "* **Cut/copy/paste a cell:** Use <i class=\"fa-cut fa\"></i> to cut or <i class=\"fa-copy fa\"></i> to copy a cell and <i class=\"fa-paste fa\"></i> to paste the cut/copied cell below the active cell\n",
    "* **Move a cell:** To move the active cell up or down, click <i class=\"fa-arrow-up fa\"></i> or <i class=\"fa-arrow-down fa\"></i>\n",
    "* **Delete a cell:** To delete the active cell, click `Edit > Delete Cells`\n",
    "\n",
    "**Try adding a new Markdown cell and a Code cell, moving them around, and deleting them. _If you accidentally delete something you shouldn't have, you can undo it by going to:_** `Edit > Undo Delete Cells`"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Running a cell\n",
    "---\n",
    "To run code in a cell or to render markdown as html in a cell you must _run_ the cell. \n",
    "\n",
    "**To run the contents of a cell:**\n",
    "1. activate it\n",
    "2. press `shift`+`return` _or_ click <i class=\"fa-step-forward fa\"></i> in the notebook toolbar at the top of the page.\n",
    "\n",
    "**Try running the three Python code cells below.** _You can edit and re-run a cell as many times as you want._"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# this is Python code -> RUN IT\n",
    "x = 2\n",
    "\n",
    "# the output of the last line of code is shown below the cell\n",
    "x * x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# this is Python code -> RUN IT\n",
    "x = 2\n",
    "\n",
    "# you can also use the 'print' statement to print information to the output below the cell\n",
    "print(x)\n",
    "\n",
    "# the output of the last line of code is still shown below the cell\n",
    "x * x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# this is Python code -> RUN IT\n",
    "x = 2\n",
    "\n",
    "# if there is an error in your code an error message will display in the output below the cell\n",
    "x + \"two\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**Try editing and adding some text this Markdown cell**\n",
    "\n",
    "Double-click on **_this text_** to start\n",
    "\n",
    "_when you are done press `shift+return` to run_\n",
    "\n",
    "For an overview of Markdown format check out [Markdown Cheatsheet](https://github.com/adam-p/markdown-here/wiki/Markdown-Cheatsheet)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "source": [
    "More information on the UI\n",
    "---\n",
    "* In the notebook Menubar click `Help > User Interface Tour` for a quick, guided overview of the user interface.\n",
    "* Another overview of the interface from the Jupyter website: [Overview of the Notebook UI](http://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/ipython/ipython/blob/3.x/examples/Notebook/Notebook%20Basics.ipynb#Overview-of-the-Notebook-UI)\n",
    "* More information on running code from the Jupyter website: [Running Code](http://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/ipython/ipython/blob/3.x/examples/Notebook/Running%20Code.ipynb)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Wrap up\n",
    "---\n",
    "You should have a basic understanding of how to navigate an interactive notebook, the cell types, how to manipulate cells (adding, moving, removing, etc.), and how to run cells.\n",
    "\n",
    "**Next:** For a basic overview of data analysis and visualization with pandas and matplotlib, download the following notebook and add it to your notebooks folder by uploading it in the Notebook dashboard: http://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/WaltGurley/jupyter-notebooks-intro/blob/master/Jupyter%20-%20coding%20with%20Python.ipynb"
   ]
  }
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