URREF
type: Ontology
modified: 2025-05-22
prior version: v4.0.0
version info: v4.1.0
version IRI: URREF
comment: v2a: ETURWG GM40 v2b: ETURWG GM41 v2c: ETURWG GM49 v2d: ETURWG GM55 v3: ETURWG GM83 v3a: ETURWG GM90 v3b: ETURWG GM102 F18 F2F v4.0.0: ETURWG
title: Uncertainty Representation and Reasoning Evaluation Framework's Ontology
description: A taxonomy for modeling uncertain information.
abstract: Current advances in technology, sensor collection, data storage, and data distribution have afforded more complex, distributed, and operational information fusion systems (IFSs). IFSs notionally consist of low-level (data collection, registration, and association in time and space) and high-level information fusion (user coordination, situational awareness, and mission control), which require a common ontology for effective communication and data processing. This ontology reference model is developed as part of the uncertainty representation and reasoning evaluation framework (URREF). The URREF ontology is intended to provide guidance for defining the actual concepts and criteria that together comprise the comprehensive uncertainty evaluation framework being developed by the Evaluation of Technologies for Uncertainty Representation Working Group (ETURWG) of the International Society of Information Fusion (ISIF).
bibliographic citation: @inproceedings{costa2012towards, title={Towards unbiased evaluation of uncertainty reasoning: The URREF ontology}, author={Costa, Paulo C.G. and Laskey, Kathryn B. and Blasch, Erik and Jousselme, Anne-Laure}, booktitle={15th International Conference on Information Fusion}, pages={2301--2308}, year={2012}, organization={IEEE} }
creator: Evaluation of Technologies for Uncertainty Representation Working Group
publisher: International Society of Information Fusion
language: en
license: http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html

Derivation Of Uncertainty
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
hidden label: DerivationOfUncertainty
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Evidence
range: Uncertainty Derivation

DerivationOfUncertainty
type: ObjectProperty
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.
equivalent property: Derivation Of Uncertainty

Gives Data Input To
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: GivesDataInputTo
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Source

GivesDataInputTo
type: ObjectProperty
version info: 4.1.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.
equivalent property: Gives Data Input To

Has Evaluation Subject
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: HasEvaluationSubject
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
inverse of: Is Subject Of Evaluation In
domain: Evaluation Process
range: Fusion System
range: Information
range: Source
range: Uncertainty Theory

HasEvaluationSubject
type: ObjectProperty
version info: 4.1.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.
equivalent property: Has Evaluation Subject

Has Imperfection
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: HasImperfection
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Evidence
range: Uncertainty Type

HasImperfection
type: ObjectProperty
version info: 4.1.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.
equivalent property: Has Imperfection

Has Source
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: HasSource
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Data Input
domain: Evidence
range: Source

HasSource
type: ObjectProperty
version info: 4.1.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.
equivalent property: Has Source

Has Uncertainty Support
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
hidden label: HasUncertaintySupport
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Evidence
range: Uncertainty Support

HasUncertaintySupport
type: ObjectProperty
version info: 4.1.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.
equivalent property: Has Uncertainty Support

Is Subject Of Evaluation In
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Fusion System
domain: Information
domain: Source
domain: Uncertainty Theory
range: Evaluation Process

Nature Of Uncertainty
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
hidden label: NatureOfUncertainty
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Evidence
range: Uncertainty Nature

NatureOfUncertainty
type: ObjectProperty
version info: 4.1.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.
equivalent property: Nature Of Uncertainty

Ouput Assessed By
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: OuputAssessedBy
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
inverse of: QualityAssesses
domain: Data Output
range: Quality

OuputAssessedBy
type: ObjectProperty
version info: 4.1.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.
equivalent property: Ouput Assessed By

Quality Assesses
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: QualityAssesses
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Quality
range: Data Output

QualityAssesses
type: ObjectProperty
version info: 4.1.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.
equivalent property: Quality Assesses

Read Source
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: ReadSource
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Data Processing Technique
range: Source

ReadSource
type: ObjectProperty
version info: 4.1.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.
equivalent property: Read Source

Applies To
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: appliesTo
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Uncertainty Representation
range: Representation Criterion
version info: 4.0.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.

Applies To Handling
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: appliesToHandling
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: Applies To
domain: Information Handling Method
range: Information Handling Criterion
version info: 4.0.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.

Applies To Reasoning
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: appliesToReasoning
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: Applies To
domain: Uncertainty Reasoning
range: Reasoning Criterion
version info: 4.0.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.

Applies To Representation
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: appliesToRepresentation
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: Applies To
domain: Uncertainty Representation
range: Representation Criterion
version info: 4.0.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.

Assesses
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: assesses
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
inverse of: Is Assessed By
domain: Credibility
range: Data Input
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.

Based On
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: basedOn
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Information Handling Method
domain: Uncertainty Reasoning
domain: Uncertainty Representation
range: Fusion Method
version info: 4.0.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.

Employs
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: employs
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Evaluation Measure
range: Evaluation Process
version info: 4.0.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.

Has Information
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: hasInformation
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Data Input
domain: Source
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.

Impacts
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: impacts
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Information Criterion
domain: Source Criterion
range: Weight Of Information
comment: TODO: decide whether associations are pascalCase or CamelCase.
version info: 4.0.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.

Is Assessed By
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: isAssessedBy
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Data Input
range: Credibility
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.

Measures
type: ObjectProperty
hidden label: measures
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Evaluation Measure
range: Evaluation Criterion
version info: 4.0.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.

Has Piece Of Information
type: DatatypeProperty
hidden label: HasPieceOfInformation
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Evidence
range: string

HasPieceOfInformation
type: DatatypeProperty
version info: 4.1.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.
equivalent property: Has Piece Of Information

Has Uncertanity Support
type: DatatypeProperty
hidden label: HasUncertanitySupport
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Evidence
range: string

HasUncertanitySupport
type: DatatypeProperty
version info: 4.1.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.
equivalent property: Has Uncertanity Support

Type Of Information
type: DatatypeProperty
hidden label: TypeOfInformation
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Evidence
range: string

TypeOfInformation
type: DatatypeProperty
version info: 4.1.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.
equivalent property: Type Of Information

Has Code
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
hidden label: hasCode
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topDataProperty
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.

Use Source
type: DatatypeProperty
hidden label: usesource
version info: 4.1.0
sub property of: topDataProperty

usesource
type: DatatypeProperty
version info: 4.1.0
deprecated: true
comment: CamelCase object properties are deprecated in URREF version 4.1.0, they will be removed in version 5.
equivalent property: Use Source

Accuracy
type: Class
subclass of: Quality
is defined by: Closeness of agreement between an evaluation subject value and the true value of the quantity or quality being evaluated.

Adaptability
type: Class
subclass of: Representation Criterion
is defined by: Ability of the representational model to allow for different configurations of the model.

Aleatory
type: Class
subclass of: Uncertainty Nature

Ambiguous Evidence
type: Class
subclass of: Uncertain Evidence

Assessment
type: Class
subclass of: Expressiveness
is defined by: Measure of the ability of the system to handle the types of uncertainty assessments (e.g., verbal, quantitative, combined) needed for a given problem, and to distinguish them from one another.

Availability
type: Class
subclass of: Information Handling Criterion
version info: 4.0.0

Belief Functions
type: Class
subclass of: Uncertainty Theory
comment: Belief functions are closely related to probabilities. Beliefs in a hypothesis is calculated as the sum of the masses of all sets it encloses. A belief function differs from a Bayesian probability model in that one does not condition on those parts of the evidence for which no probabilities are specified. This ability to explicitly model the degree of ignorance makes the theory very appealing and has been applied in areas such as inconsistency handling in OWL ontologies (Nikolov et al., 2007) and ontology mapping (e.g. Yaghlane and Laamari, 2007).

Common Sense Knowledge
type: Class
subclass of: Generic Knowledge
version info: 4.0.0

Compatibility
type: Class
subclass of: Representation Criterion
disjoint with: Expressiveness
is defined by: Measure of how compatible a given knowledge representation is to data standards, and should be related to the degree of flexibility it has in being coded with various standards.

Competency
type: Class
subclass of: Source Criterion
version info: 4.0.0

Completeness
type: Class
subclass of: Performance Criterion
comment: Taken from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334836334_How_to_Evaluate_High_Level_Fusion_Algorithms
is defined by: Computes the amount of information that is present in both the result r of the algorithm and the expected ideal result (i.e. ground truth), with regards to the amount of information contained in the ideal result (ground truth),
version info: 4.1.0

Correctness
type: Class
subclass of: Performance Criterion
comment: Taken from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334836334_How_to_Evaluate_High_Level_Fusion_Algorithms
is defined by: Computes the amount of information that is present in both the result r of the algorithm and the expected ideal result (i.e. ground truth), with regards to the amount of information contained in the actual result r,
version info: 4.1.0

Computational Cost
type: Class
subclass of: Performance Criterion
comment: Moved from "ReasoningCriterion" in version 4.0.0.
is defined by: Measure of how much of the system’s computational resources are required by a given representational technique to produce its results.
version info: 4.0.0

Confidentiality
type: Class
subclass of: Information Handling Criterion
version info: 4.0.0

Configurality
type: Class
subclass of: Expressiveness
is defined by: [NOT REVIEWED as of GM55] Ability of an uncertainty representation to support combining uncertainty about many propositions and/or variables, of different types, with different types of uncertainty.

Consistency
type: Class
subclass of: Reasoning Criterion
is defined by: Measure of the ability of the reasoning process to produce the same results when provided with the same data under the same conditions.

Credibility
type: Class
subclass of: Information Criterion
is defined by: Measure of the degree to which an evaluation subject can be believed or accepted as true, real, or honest.

Data Input
type: Class
subclass of: Fusion System
version info: 4.0.0

Data Output
type: Class
subclass of: Fusion System
version info: 4.0.0

Data Processing Technique
type: Class
subclass of: Fusion System
version info: 4.0.0

Dependency
type: Class
subclass of: Expressiveness
is defined by: Ability of the uncertainty representation to capture dependency among propositions (e.g., cause and effect, relevance, statistical association).

Dissonant Evidence
type: Class
subclass of: Uncertain Evidence

Epistemic
type: Class
subclass of: Uncertainty Nature

Evaluation Criterion
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
is defined by: Encompasses all the different aspects that must be considered when evaluating uncertainty handling in multi-sensor fusion systems

Evaluation Measure
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
comment: Examples covers: STANAG2511Credibility, STANAG2511Reliability, Shanon entropy...
comment: TODO: what about quantitative versus qualitiative?
version info: 4.0.0

Evaluation Process
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
comment: Entities of the Evaluation class are actual evaluations. According to Patton, Evaluation is a process that critically examines a program. It involves collecting and analyzing information about a program's activities, characteristics, and outcomes. Its purpose is to make judgments about a program, to improve its effectiveness, and/or to inform programming decisions. Patton, M.Q. (1987). Qualitative Research Evaluation Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publishers.).

Evaluation Subject
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
comment: An Evaluation Subject is an item which can be assessed according to the criteria defined in the URREF ontology.

Evidence
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
comment: An expression in some logical language that evaluates to a truth-value (formula, axiom, assertion). It is then assumed that information will be presented in the form of sentences. So the uncertainty will be associated with sentences.
comment: Evidence, for the purpose of this ontology is considered to be equivalent to: - Sentence - Information
deprecated: true
version info: 4.0.0

Explainability
type: Class
subclass of: Information Criterion
version info: 4.0.0

Expressiveness
type: Class
subclass of: Representation Criterion
is defined by: Measure of the power of a knowledge representation formalism to convey all relevant aspects of a given fusion problem.

Fusion Method
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
version info: 4.0.0

Fusion System
type: Class
subclass of: Thing

Fusion System Component
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
deprecated: true
version info: 4.0.0

Fusion System Process
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
deprecated: true
version info: 4.0.0

Fuzzy Sets
type: Class
subclass of: Uncertainty Theory
comment: In contrast to probabilistic formalisms, which allow for representing and processing degrees of uncertainty about ambiguous pieces of information, fuzzy formalisms allow for representing and processing degrees of truth about vague (or imprecise) pieces of information. It is important to point out that vague statements are truth-functional, that is, the degree of truth of a vague complex statement (which is constructed from elementary vague statements via logical operators) can be calculated from the degrees of truth of its constituents, while uncertain complex statements are generally not a function of the degrees of uncertainty of their constituents (Dubois and Prade, 1994).

Generic Knowledge
type: Class
subclass of: Information
see also: TODO: ref (ChatGPT paper)
version info: 4.0.0

Higher Order Uncertainty
type: Class
subclass of: Expressiveness
is defined by: [NOT REVIEWED as of GM55] Ability of the system to represent uncertainty about the uncertainty model, including parameters, structure, and/or type of model.

Incomplete Evidence
type: Class
subclass of: Uncertain Evidence

Inconclusive Evidence
type: Class
subclass of: Uncertain Evidence

Information
type: Class
subclass of: Thing

Information Criterion
type: Class
subclass of: Evaluation Criterion
comment: Renammed from "DataCriteron" as of version 4.0.0.
is defined by: Evaluation Criteria that concern aspects of information and their relationship to source, the object being reported upon, and the objectives of the fusion process.
incompatible with: 4
version info: 4.0.0

Information Handling Criterion
type: Class
subclass of: Evaluation Criterion
comment: Renamed from "DataHandlingCriterion" in version 4.0.0.
is defined by: Measure of the way data is managed by the fusion system.
version info: 4.0.0

Information Handling Method
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
version info: 4.0.0

Integrity
type: Class
subclass of: Information Handling Criterion
version info: 4.0.0

Interpretability
type: Class
subclass of: Reasoning Criterion
version info: 4.0.0

Interpretation
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
deprecated: true
version info: 4.0.0

Interval
type: Class
subclass of: Type Of Scale

Knowledge Handling
type: Class
subclass of: Representation Criterion
is defined by: Measure the ability of a given uncertainty representation technique to convey knowledge.

Logical Rule
type: Class
subclass of: Generic Knowledge
version info: 4.0.0

Nominal
type: Class
subclass of: Type Of Scale

Objective
type: Class
subclass of: Uncertainty Derivation

Objectivity
type: Class
subclass of: Source Criterion
is defined by: Measure of the extent to which an evaluation subject reports about a matter of fact in an unbiased manner.
incompatible with: 4
version info: 4.0.0

Observation
type: Class
subclass of: Singular Evidence
version info: 4.0.0

Observational Sensitivity
type: Class
subclass of: Credibility
subclass of: Source Criterion
is defined by: Quotient of the change in a result of evaluation subject and the corresponding change in a value of a quality being observed.
deprecated: true
incompatible with: 4
version info: 4.0.0

Ordinal
type: Class
subclass of: Type Of Scale

Outcomes
type: Class
subclass of: Expressiveness
is defined by: [NOT REVIEWED as of GM55] Ability to represent different kinds of outcomes for uncertain variables, e.g., Boolean, qualitative categorical, ordinal, discrete numerical, continuous.

Performance Criterion
type: Class
subclass of: Evaluation Criterion
comment: Moved from "ReasoningCriterion" and renamed from "Performance" in version 4.0.0.
is defined by: Measure how suitable the representational model is to handle the functional requirements of an information fusion system. Other system architecture factors also affect these metrics.
version info: 4.0.0

Physical Rule
type: Class
subclass of: Generic Knowledge
version info: 4.0.0

Precision
type: Class
subclass of: Quality
is defined by: TODO, decide between : - The extent to which a piece of information covers different values. - The extent to which the domain of the information is constrained. - Previous definition: "Closeness of agreement between indications or measured quantity values obtained by replicate measurements on the same or similar evaluation subjects under specified conditions."

Probability
type: Class
subclass of: Uncertainty Theory
comment: Probability theory provides a mathematically sound representation language and formal calculus for rational degrees of belief, which gives different agents the freedom to have different beliefs about a given hypothesis.

Quality
type: Class
subclass of: Information Criterion
is defined by: Ability to assess the degree of informational quality of the data

Random Sets
type: Class
subclass of: Uncertainty Theory
comment: A rough set, first described by a Polish computer scientist Zdzisław I. Pawlak, is a formal approximation of a crisp set (i.e., conventional set) in terms of a pair of sets which give the lower and the upper approximation of the original set. In the standard version of rough set theory (Pawlak 1991), the lower- and upper-approximation sets are crisp sets, but in other variations, the approximating sets may be fuzzy set

Ratio
type: Class
subclass of: Type Of Scale

Reasoning Criterion
type: Class
subclass of: Evaluation Criterion
is defined by: Encompasses criteria directly affecting how an information fusion system transforms its input data into knowledge. It can also be called as process or inference criteria, as it deals with how the uncertainty model performs operations with information.

Relational
type: Class
subclass of: Expressiveness
is defined by: [NOT REVIEWED as of GM55] Ability to represent uncertainty about domains with relational structure, e.g., attribute value uncertainty; reference uncertainty; type uncertainty; existence uncertainty.

Relevance To Problem
type: Class
subclass of: Information Criterion
is defined by: Measure the degree to which an evaluation subject has direct bearing on the objectives of the fusion process.

Reliability
type: Class
subclass of: Source Criterion
version info: 4.0.0

Representation Criterion
type: Class
subclass of: Evaluation Criterion
is defined by: Encompasses criteria related to how uncertainty is characterized, captured and stored in a manner that can be processed by the fusion system.

Reputation
type: Class
subclass of: Source Criterion
version info: 4.0.0

Rough Sets
type: Class
subclass of: Uncertainty Theory

STANAG2511
type: Class
subclass of: Evaluation Measure
deprecated: true

STANAG2511Credibility
type: Class
subclass of: STANAG2511
deprecated: true

STANAG2511Reliability
type: Class
subclass of: STANAG2511
deprecated: true

Scalability
type: Class
subclass of: Reasoning Criterion
is defined by: Measure of the ability to handle a growing amount of work in a capable manner or its ability to be enlarged to accommodate that growth.

Self Confidence
type: Class
subclass of: Credibility
subclass of: Source Criterion
is defined by: Measure of the evaluation subject's assessment of its own credibility.
deprecated: true
incompatible with: 4
version info: 4.0.0

Sensor Measurement
type: Class
subclass of: Singular Evidence
version info: 4.0.0

Simplicity
type: Class
subclass of: Representation Criterion
is defined by: Assesses the information system's ability to execute common operations without requiring deep knowledge about its inner details.

Singular Evidence
type: Class
subclass of: Information
see also: TODO: ref (ChatGPT paper)
version info: 4.0.0

Soudness
type: Class
subclass of: Reasoning Criterion
comment: Changed name in version 4.0.0: from "Correctness" to "Soundness".
is defined by: The quality of being based on valid reason or good judgement.
backward compatible with: 4
version info: 4.0.0

Source
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
comment: A source is the origin of the information.

Source Criterion
type: Class
subclass of: Evaluation Criterion
is defined by: Any feature of the source which will affect the quality of the information provided by the source.
version info: 4.0.0

Statistical Model
type: Class
subclass of: Generic Knowledge
version info: 4.0.0

Subjective
type: Class
subclass of: Uncertainty Derivation

Testimony
type: Class
subclass of: Singular Evidence
version info: 4.0.0

Throughput
type: Class
subclass of: Performance Criterion
is defined by: Measure of the average (and (possibly peak) rate of conversion of inputs to outputs.
version info: 4.0.0

Timeliness
type: Class
subclass of: Performance Criterion
is defined by: Measure of the ability to produce results within a required timeframe.
version info: 4.0.0

Traceability
type: Class
subclass of: Information Handling Criterion
is defined by: Measure of the ability of a fusion system to provide an accurate and unbroken historical record of its inputs and the chain of operations that led to its conclusions.

Transparency
type: Class
subclass of: Source Criterion
version info: 4.0.0

Trust
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
is defined by: TODO: placeholder to import trust ontologies
version info: 4.0.0

Type Of Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Thing

Uncertain Evidence
type: Class
subclass of: Information Criterion
comment: Moved as a subclass of InformationCriterion in version 4.0.0.
version info: 4.0.0

Uncertainty Derivation
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
comment: Uncertainty derivation refers to the way it can be assessed. That is, how the uncertainty metrics can be derived.

Uncertainty Model
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
comment: Renamed from "UncertaintyFunction" in version 4.0.0.
is defined by: TODO: - a probability function - a support over something
version info: 4.0.0

Uncertainty Nature
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
comment: This captures the information about the nature of the uncertainty, i.e., whether the uncertainty is inherent in the phenomenon expressed by the sentence, or it is the result of lack of knowledge of the agent.

Uncertainty Reasoning
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
version info: 4.0.0

Uncertainty Representation
type: Class
subclass of: Thing

Uncertainty Support
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
is defined by: TODO: what you are certain about.

Uncertainty Theory
type: Class
subclass of: Thing

Uncertainty Type
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
comment: Uncertainty Type is a concept that focuses on underlying characteristics of the information that make it uncertain.
comment: For the purposes of this ontology, Uncertainty type is equivalent to: - type of imperfection

Unreliable Evidence
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
subclass of: Uncertain Evidence

Veracity
type: Class
subclass of: Source Criterion
is defined by: Measure of the extent to which a source reports what it assesses to be the case.
incompatible with: 4
version info: 4.0.0

Weight Of Information
type: Class
subclass of: Information Criterion
comment: Renamed from "WeightOfEvidence" in version 4.0.0.
is defined by: Measure of the degree of impact of an evaluation subject on the result of fusion.
backward compatible with: 4
version info: 4.0.0