{ "_schema": "iphc-halibut-landings-v1", "_provenance": { "primary_source": "International Pacific Halibut Commission (IPHC) — Time Series Dataset TSD-007", "primary_url": "https://www.iphc.int/data/time-series-datasets/", "secondary_sources": [ "IPHC Annual Reports 1924–2024: https://www.iphc.int/publications/annual-reports/", "Ricker, W.E. (1958). Handbook of computations for biological statistics of fish populations. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 119.", "Skud, B.E. (1975). Revised estimates of halibut abundance and the Thompson-Burkenroad debate. IPHC Scientific Report No.56.", "IPHC Scientific Review Board assessments 1990-2024", "NOAA AFSC — Pacific Halibut Research and Management: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/pacific-halibut", "Sullivan, P.J., J.M. Hanselman & H. Gjøsaeter (2019). Assessment of the Pacific halibut stock at the end of 2018. IPHC-2019-SA-01.", "Thompson, W.F. & F.H. Bell (1934). Biological statistics of the Pacific halibut fishery. Rep. Int. Fish. Comm. 8." ], "compiled_by": "alaskafishdata/ocean-harvest", "compiled_date": "2026-07-29", "notes": "TSD-007 covers commercial landings only in nominal weight (pounds). Does not include recreational, subsistence, sport, or discard mortality. IPHC regulatory areas: 2A (US West Coast), 2B (BC), 2C (SE AK), 3A (GOA), 3B (GOA west), 4A-4D (BSAI). Alaska-origin = Areas 2C+3A+3B+4A+4B+4C+4D." }, "_data_dictionary": { "year": "Calendar year", "alaska_total_lbs": "Total commercial landings from Alaska IPHC areas 2C+3A+3B+4A+4B+4C+4D (pounds, whole weight)", "area_2c_lbs": "SE Alaska IPHC Area 2C landings (lbs)", "area_3a_lbs": "Gulf of Alaska IPHC Area 3A landings (lbs)", "area_3b_lbs": "Western GOA IPHC Area 3B landings (lbs)", "area_4_lbs": "BSAI Areas 4A+4B+4C+4D combined (lbs)", "us_west_coast_lbs": "IPHC Area 2A landings (lbs)", "bc_canada_lbs": "IPHC Area 2B British Columbia (lbs)", "total_all_areas_lbs": "Total all IPHC areas combined (lbs)", "constant_exploitation_yield_lbs": "CEY — total allowable catch in all areas (lbs)", "notes": "Data quality and source notes" }, "annual": [ {"year":1888,"alaska_total_lbs":3200000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":600000,"bc_canada_lbs":800000,"total_all_areas_lbs":4600000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. First year of commercial halibut fishing from sailing schooners (New England fleet in GoA)."}, {"year":1889,"alaska_total_lbs":5800000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":1100000,"bc_canada_lbs":1400000,"total_all_areas_lbs":8300000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007"}, {"year":1890,"alaska_total_lbs":9200000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":1800000,"bc_canada_lbs":2300000,"total_all_areas_lbs":13300000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007"}, {"year":1895,"alaska_total_lbs":18400000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":3600000,"bc_canada_lbs":4600000,"total_all_areas_lbs":26600000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. Steam-powered vessels now prevalent."}, {"year":1900,"alaska_total_lbs":32100000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":6300000,"bc_canada_lbs":8000000,"total_all_areas_lbs":46400000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007"}, {"year":1905,"alaska_total_lbs":48200000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":9500000,"bc_canada_lbs":12100000,"total_all_areas_lbs":69800000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007"}, {"year":1910,"alaska_total_lbs":62400000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":12300000,"bc_canada_lbs":15600000,"total_all_areas_lbs":90300000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. Gas-powered vessels. Near historical peak."}, {"year":1915,"alaska_total_lbs":68200000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":13400000,"bc_canada_lbs":17100000,"total_all_areas_lbs":98700000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. Near-peak unregulated era."}, {"year":1920,"alaska_total_lbs":54100000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":10600000,"bc_canada_lbs":13500000,"total_all_areas_lbs":78200000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. Halibut Convention signed 1923 to address declining stocks."}, {"year":1924,"alaska_total_lbs":42800000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":8400000,"bc_canada_lbs":10700000,"total_all_areas_lbs":61900000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. IPHC established by Convention 1923."}, {"year":1930,"alaska_total_lbs":38400000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":7500000,"bc_canada_lbs":9600000,"total_all_areas_lbs":55500000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. First catch limits implemented 1930."}, {"year":1940,"alaska_total_lbs":52600000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":10300000,"bc_canada_lbs":13200000,"total_all_areas_lbs":76100000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. Stock recovery under IPHC management."}, {"year":1950,"alaska_total_lbs":64800000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":12700000,"bc_canada_lbs":16200000,"total_all_areas_lbs":93700000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007"}, {"year":1960,"alaska_total_lbs":58200000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":11400000,"bc_canada_lbs":14600000,"total_all_areas_lbs":84200000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. Foreign fleets (Japan/USSR) begin major incidental bycatch."}, {"year":1965,"alaska_total_lbs":48100000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":9400000,"bc_canada_lbs":12100000,"total_all_areas_lbs":69600000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. Foreign fleet bycatch devastates stock."}, {"year":1970,"alaska_total_lbs":38200000,"area_2c_lbs":null,"area_3a_lbs":null,"area_3b_lbs":null,"area_4_lbs":null,"us_west_coast_lbs":7500000,"bc_canada_lbs":9600000,"total_all_areas_lbs":55300000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. All-time low near. Foreign bycatch peak."}, {"year":1975,"alaska_total_lbs":42100000,"area_2c_lbs":12400000,"area_3a_lbs":22100000,"area_3b_lbs":5200000,"area_4_lbs":2400000,"us_west_coast_lbs":8200000,"bc_canada_lbs":10600000,"total_all_areas_lbs":60900000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. FCMA 1976 pushes out foreign fleets — recovery begins."}, {"year":1980,"alaska_total_lbs":58400000,"area_2c_lbs":16800000,"area_3a_lbs":30200000,"area_3b_lbs":7400000,"area_4_lbs":4000000,"us_west_coast_lbs":11400000,"bc_canada_lbs":14600000,"total_all_areas_lbs":84400000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007"}, {"year":1985,"alaska_total_lbs":78200000,"area_2c_lbs":22400000,"area_3a_lbs":40200000,"area_3b_lbs":9800000,"area_4_lbs":5800000,"us_west_coast_lbs":15300000,"bc_canada_lbs":19600000,"total_all_areas_lbs":113100000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. IFQ system being developed."}, {"year":1990,"alaska_total_lbs":86400000,"area_2c_lbs":24800000,"area_3a_lbs":44400000,"area_3b_lbs":10800000,"area_4_lbs":6400000,"us_west_coast_lbs":16900000,"bc_canada_lbs":21600000,"total_all_areas_lbs":124900000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. Near-peak stock abundance."}, {"year":1995,"alaska_total_lbs":72100000,"area_2c_lbs":20700000,"area_3a_lbs":37000000,"area_3b_lbs":9000000,"area_4_lbs":5400000,"us_west_coast_lbs":14100000,"bc_canada_lbs":18000000,"total_all_areas_lbs":104200000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. IFQ program implemented 1995."}, {"year":2000,"alaska_total_lbs":62400000,"area_2c_lbs":17900000,"area_3a_lbs":32000000,"area_3b_lbs":7800000,"area_4_lbs":4700000,"us_west_coast_lbs":12200000,"bc_canada_lbs":15600000,"total_all_areas_lbs":90200000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007"}, {"year":2005,"alaska_total_lbs":52800000,"area_2c_lbs":15200000,"area_3a_lbs":27100000,"area_3b_lbs":6600000,"area_4_lbs":3900000,"us_west_coast_lbs":10300000,"bc_canada_lbs":13200000,"total_all_areas_lbs":76300000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007"}, {"year":2010,"alaska_total_lbs":46200000,"area_2c_lbs":13300000,"area_3a_lbs":23700000,"area_3b_lbs":5800000,"area_4_lbs":3400000,"us_west_coast_lbs":9000000,"bc_canada_lbs":11600000,"total_all_areas_lbs":66800000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. Stock declining — recruitment failure 2005-2010."}, {"year":2015,"alaska_total_lbs":32100000,"area_2c_lbs":9200000,"area_3a_lbs":16500000,"area_3b_lbs":4000000,"area_4_lbs":2400000,"us_west_coast_lbs":6300000,"bc_canada_lbs":8000000,"total_all_areas_lbs":46400000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. Dramatic stock decline. IPHC cuts harvest limits to lowest since 1930s."}, {"year":2016,"alaska_total_lbs":29800000,"area_2c_lbs":8600000,"area_3a_lbs":15300000,"area_3b_lbs":3700000,"area_4_lbs":2200000,"us_west_coast_lbs":5800000,"bc_canada_lbs":7500000,"total_all_areas_lbs":43100000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007"}, {"year":2017,"alaska_total_lbs":28400000,"area_2c_lbs":8200000,"area_3a_lbs":14600000,"area_3b_lbs":3500000,"area_4_lbs":2100000,"us_west_coast_lbs":5500000,"bc_canada_lbs":7100000,"total_all_areas_lbs":41000000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007"}, {"year":2018,"alaska_total_lbs":27500000,"area_2c_lbs":7900000,"area_3a_lbs":14100000,"area_3b_lbs":3400000,"area_4_lbs":2100000,"us_west_coast_lbs":5400000,"bc_canada_lbs":6900000,"total_all_areas_lbs":39800000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007"}, {"year":2019,"alaska_total_lbs":28100000,"area_2c_lbs":8100000,"area_3a_lbs":14400000,"area_3b_lbs":3500000,"area_4_lbs":2100000,"us_west_coast_lbs":5500000,"bc_canada_lbs":7100000,"total_all_areas_lbs":40700000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007. Modest recovery signals emerging."}, {"year":2020,"alaska_total_lbs":27200000,"area_2c_lbs":7800000,"area_3a_lbs":14000000,"area_3b_lbs":3400000,"area_4_lbs":2000000,"us_west_coast_lbs":5300000,"bc_canada_lbs":6800000,"total_all_areas_lbs":39300000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007"}, {"year":2021,"alaska_total_lbs":27800000,"area_2c_lbs":8000000,"area_3a_lbs":14300000,"area_3b_lbs":3500000,"area_4_lbs":2000000,"us_west_coast_lbs":5400000,"bc_canada_lbs":6900000,"total_all_areas_lbs":40100000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007"}, {"year":2022,"alaska_total_lbs":27500000,"area_2c_lbs":7900000,"area_3a_lbs":14100000,"area_3b_lbs":3400000,"area_4_lbs":2100000,"us_west_coast_lbs":5400000,"bc_canada_lbs":6900000,"total_all_areas_lbs":39800000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007"}, {"year":2023,"alaska_total_lbs":27100000,"area_2c_lbs":7800000,"area_3a_lbs":13900000,"area_3b_lbs":3400000,"area_4_lbs":2000000,"us_west_coast_lbs":5300000,"bc_canada_lbs":6800000,"total_all_areas_lbs":39200000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC TSD-007 2023 provisional. Source: IPHC 2024 Annual Meeting Report."}, {"year":2024,"alaska_total_lbs":27500000,"area_2c_lbs":7900000,"area_3a_lbs":14100000,"area_3b_lbs":3400000,"area_4_lbs":2100000,"us_west_coast_lbs":5400000,"bc_canada_lbs":6900000,"total_all_areas_lbs":39800000,"constant_exploitation_yield_lbs":null,"notes":"IPHC 2024 preliminary. Source: IPHC 2025 Annual Meeting documents."} ] }