!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!! !!! !!! L I N G A L A T R A N S D U C E R !!! !!! !!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Multichar_Symbols ! Part of speech categories % ! Noun % ! Adjective % ! Pronoun % ! Adverb % ! Preposition % ! Connective (various uses) % ! Coordinating Conjunction % ! Subordinating Conjunction % ! Verb % ! Interjection % ! Focus marker % ! Negative particle % ! Numeral ! Number morphology % ! Plural % ! Singular % ! Singular or Plural ! Person morphology % ! First person % ! Second person % ! Third person ! Gender morphology % ! Maculin % ! Feminine % ! Masculine/Feminine % ! Neutral ! Animacy morphology % ! Animate % ! Inanimate ! Verb tense and mood morphology % ! Present tense % ! Unrelated distant past % ! Unrelated recent past % ! Present grounded in the distant past % ! Future tense % ! Present subjunctive (Not currently in use) % ! Future subjunctive (Not currently in use) % ! Imperfect subjunctive (Not currently in use) % ! Imperative % ! Infinitive % ! Aux. Verb % ! Intensifying (denotes certain for future/infinitive, insistence for imperative) ! Verb radical morphology % ! Applicative % ! Causative % ! Reciprocal % ! Passive % ! Reversive % ! Stative % ! Contraction form (only used with kozala "to be") (Not currently in use) % ! Reflexive ! Pronoun morpholgy % ! Personal pronoun % ! Demonstrative % ! Possessive % ! Relative pronoun % ! Interrogative pronoun % ! Indefinite % ! Objective % ! Determiner % ! Quantifier ! Noun-specific morphology % ! Abstract form of non-abstract noun % ! Definite plural % ! Instantiated abstract noun % ! Proper noun % ! Anthroponym % ! Toponym % ! Altres, misc proper nouns ! Noun-class morphology % ! Class 1 noun % ! Class 1a noun (See Meeuwis, 2010) % ! Class 3 noun % ! Class 5 noun % ! Class 7 noun % ! Class 9 noun % ! Class 11 noun % ! Class 14 noun % ! Class 15 noun ! Numeral Categories % ! Ordinal % ! Cardinal %[%+sg%] ! Singular (noun prefix matching) %[%+pl%] ! Plural (noun prefix matching) %[%+abs%] ! Abstract (derived from non-abstract) %[%+def%] ! Definite (used w. plural) %[%+inst%] ! Instantiation of abstract concept %[%+p1%] ! First person %[%+p2%] ! Second person %[%+p3%] ! Third person %[%+aa%] ! Animate (used w. verb) %[%+nn%] ! Inanimate (used w. verb) %[%+fut%] ! Future tense %[%+ref%] ! Reflexive %[%+inf%] ! Infinitive %[%+imp%] ! Imperative %[%-sg%] ! Singular (noun prefix matching) %[%-pl%] ! Plural (noun prefix matching) %[%-abs%] ! Abstract (derived from non-abstract) %[%-def%] ! Definite (used w. plural) %[%-inst%] ! Instantiation of abstract concept %[%-p1%] ! First person %[%-p2%] ! Second person %[%-p3%] ! Third person %[%-aa%] ! Animate (used w. verb) %[%-nn%] ! Inanimate (used w. verb) %[%-fut%] ! Future tense %[%-ref%] ! Reflexive %[%-inf%] ! Infinitive %[%-imp%] ! Imperative % ! Sentence marker % ! Hyphen % ! Comma % ! Apostrophe % ! Quote marker (right hand side) % ! Quote marker (left hand side) % ! Parenthetical marker (right hand side) % ! Parenthetical marker (left hand side) ! Other symbols %> ! Morpheme boundary %+ ! Compounding/incorporation lexical side %- % ! Space %{í%} ! can be í or é (used with verb present tense suffix) %{n%} ! can be n or m (used for class 9 "prefix") !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!! M O R P H O T A C T I C S !!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! LEXICON Root NounPrefix ; ProperNouns ; VerbPersonNum-Prefix ; Pronouns ; Determiners; Prepositions ; Conjunctions ; Connective ; Adjective-Prefix ; Adverb ; YesNo ; LoanWords ; Tentative ; Irregular ; Punctuation ; Numerals ; Quantifiers ; FocusMarkers ; Interjections ; LEXICON COMMON-Suffix # ; !=============================================================================! ! Noun Morphotactics ! !=============================================================================! LEXICON NounPrefix I-II ; Ia-II ; III-IV ; V-VI ; VI-Only ; VII-VIII ; IX-X ; XI-VI ; XIV ; XV ; PrefixStacking-ABS ; PrefixStacking-DEF ; PrefixStacking-INST ; LEXICON I-II %[%-sg%]:mo%> I-II-Stems ; %[%-pl%]:ba%> I-II-Stems ; LEXICON Ia-II %[%-sg%]: Ia-II-Stems ; %[%-pl%]:ba%> Ia-II-Stems ; LEXICON III-IV %[%-sg%]:mo%> III-IV-Stems ; %[%-pl%]:mi%> III-IV-Stems ; LEXICON V-VI %[%-sg%]:li%> V-VI-Stems ; %[%-pl%]:ma%> V-VI-Stems ; LEXICON VI-Only %[%-pl%]:ma%> VI-Only-Stems ; LEXICON VII-VIII %[%-sg%]:e%> VII-VIII-Stems ; %[%-pl%]:bi%> VII-VIII-Stems ; LEXICON IX-X IX-X-Invar ; IX-X-Var ; !%[%-sg%]: IX-X-Stems ; !%[%-pl%]:ba%> IX-X-Stems ; ! (Meeuwis, 2010) !%[%-sg%]:n%> IX-X-n-Stems ; !%[%-sg%]:m%> IX-X-m-Stems ; !%[%-pl%]:n%> IX-X-n-Stems ; !%[%-pl%]:m%> IX-X-m-Stems ; !!! Stems are either always prefaced by n/m or always not. Differentiated by lexicon structure LEXICON IX-X-Invar %[%-sg%]: IX-X-Stems ; %[%-pl%]:ba%> IX-X-Stems ; ! (Meeuwis, 2010) %[%-sg%]: IX-X-a-Stems ; %[%-pl%]:ba%> IX-X-a-Stems ; !!! Stems can be prefaced by n/m or not. Analyze both, generate with n/m. LEXICON IX-X-Var %[%-sg%]:%{n%} IX-X-b-Stems ; %[%-pl%]:ba%>%{n%} IX-X-b-Stems ; %[%-sg%]: IX-X-b-Stems ; ! Dir/LR %[%-pl%]:ba%> IX-X-b-Stems ; ! Dir/LR LEXICON XI-VI %[%-sg%]:lo%> XI-VI-Stems ; %[%-pl%]:ma%> XI-VI-Stems ; LEXICON XIV %[%-sg%]:bo%> XIV-Stems ; LEXICON XV %[%-sg%]:ko%> XV-Stems ; LEXICON PrefixStacking-ABS %[%-abs%]:ki%> I-II ; %[%-abs%]:ki%> Ia-II ; %[%-abs%]:ki%> III-IV ; %[%-abs%]:ki%> V-VI ; %[%-abs%]:ki%> VII-VIII ; %[%-abs%]:ki%> IX-X ; %[%-abs%]:ki%> XI-VI ; %[%-abs%]:ki%> XIV ; LEXICON PrefixStacking-DEF %[%-def%]:ba%> I-II ; %[%-def%]:ba%> Ia-II ; %[%-def%]:ba%> III-IV ; %[%-def%]:ba%> V-VI ; %[%-def%]:ba%> VII-VIII ; %[%-def%]:ba%> IX-X ; %[%-def%]:ba%> XI-VI ; LEXICON PrefixStacking-INST %[%-inst%]:ba%> XI-VI ; %[%-inst%]:ba%> XIV ; LEXICON I-II-Suffix %[%+sg%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+pl%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 2 %[%+sg%]%[%+abs%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+pl%]%[%+abs%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 2 %[%+pl%]%[%+def%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 2 LEXICON Ia-II-Suffix %[%+sg%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+pl%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 2 %[%+sg%]%[%+abs%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+pl%]%[%+abs%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 2 %[%+pl%]%[%+def%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 2 LEXICON III-IV-Suffix %[%+sg%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+pl%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 4 %[%+sg%]%[%+abs%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+pl%]%[%+abs%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 4 %[%+pl%]%[%+def%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 4 LEXICON V-VI-Suffix %[%+sg%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+pl%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 6 %[%+sg%]%[%+abs%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+pl%]%[%+abs%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 6 %[%+pl%]%[%+def%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 6 LEXICON VII-VIII-Suffix %[%+sg%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+pl%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 8 %[%+sg%]%[%+abs%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+pl%]%[%+abs%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 8 %[%+pl%]%[%+def%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 8 LEXICON IX-X-Suffix %[%+sg%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+pl%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 10 %[%+sg%]%[%+abs%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+pl%]%[%+abs%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 10 %[%+pl%]%[%+def%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 10 LEXICON XI-VI-Suffix %[%+sg%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+pl%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 6 %[%+sg%]%[%+abs%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+pl%]%[%+abs%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 6 %[%+pl%]%[%+def%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Technically class 6 %[%+sg%]%[%+inst%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON XIV-Suffix %[%+sg%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+sg%]%[%+abs%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+sg%]%[%+inst%]%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON XV-Suffix %[%+sg%]%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Anthroponym-F-Suffix %%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Anthroponym-M-Suffix %%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Toponym-Suffix %%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON MiscProper-Suffix %%: COMMON-Suffix ; !=============================================================================! ! Verb Morphotactics ! !=============================================================================! LEXICON VerbPersonNum-Prefix %[%-p1%]%[%-sg%]%[%-aa%]:na%> VerbFutRefOrStem ; %[%-p2%]%[%-sg%]%[%-aa%]:o%> VerbFutRefOrStem ; %[%-p3%]%[%-sg%]%[%-aa%]:a%> VerbFutRefOrStem ; %[%-p1%]%[%-pl%]%[%-aa%]:to%> VerbFutRefOrStem ; %[%-p2%]%[%-pl%]%[%-aa%]:bo%> VerbFutRefOrStem ; %[%-p3%]%[%-pl%]%[%-aa%]:ba%> VerbFutRefOrStem ; %[%-p3%]%[%-nn%]:e%> VerbFutRefOrStem ; %[%-inf%]:ko%> Verb-Stems ; ! Infinitive form goes straight to stems %[%-imp%]: Verb-Stems ; ! Imperative goes straight to stems LEXICON VerbFutRefOrStem Verb-Stems ; VerbFut-Prefix ; VerbRef-Inf ; LEXICON VerbFut-Prefix %[%-fut%]:ko VerbRefOrStem ; LEXICON VerbRefOrStem VerbRef-Inf ; Verb-Stems ; LEXICON VerbRef-Inf %[%-ref%]:mí%> Verb-Stems ; LEXICON Verb-Suffix Verb-Rad-Ex ; %:%> Verb-TAM-Suffix ; LEXICON Aux-Verb-Suffix %: Verb-TAM-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-Rad-Ex %%:%>el%> Verb-Rad-Ex2 ; %%:%>is%> Verb-Rad-Ex2 ; %%:%>an%> Verb-Rad-Ex2 ; %%:%>w%> Verb-Rad-Ex2 ; !%%:%>al%> Verb-Rad-Ex2 ; ! This form is used only for 2 verbs. %%:%>am%> Verb-Rad-Ex2 ; %%%:%>ol%> Verb-TAM-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-Rad-Ex2 Verb-TAM-Suffix ; %:el%> Verb-TAM-Suffix ; %:is%> Verb-TAM-Suffix ; %:an%> Verb-TAM-Suffix ; %:w%> Verb-TAM-Suffix ; %:am%> Verb-TAM-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-TAM-Suffix Verb-Present-Suffix ; Verb-Past-Suffix ; Verb-URP-Suffix ; Verb-DPRES-Suffix ; Verb-Fut-Suffix ; Verb-Present-Ref-Suffix ; Verb-Past-Ref-Suffix ; Verb-URP-Ref-Suffix ; Verb-DPRES-Ref-Suffix ; Verb-Fut-Ref-Suffix ; Verb-InfImp-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-Irreg1-Suffix %:%> Verb-TAM-Irreg1-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-Irreg2-Suffix :%> Verb-TAM-Irreg2-Suffix ; ! Takes the "normal" root in the future, infinitive, and imperative LEXICON Verb-TAM-Irreg1-Suffix Verb-Fut-Suffix ; Verb-Fut-Ref-Suffix ; Verb-InfImp-Suffix ; ! Otherwise takes the irregular root LEXICON Verb-TAM-Irreg2-Suffix Verb-Present-Suffix ; Verb-Past-Suffix ; Verb-URP-Suffix ; Verb-DPRES-Suffix ; Verb-Present-Ref-Suffix ; Verb-Past-Ref-Suffix ; Verb-URP-Ref-Suffix ; Verb-DPRES-Ref-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-InfImp-Suffix %[%+inf%]%:a COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+inf%]%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+imp%]%:a COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+imp%]%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-Present-Suffix %[%+p1%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:%{í%} COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:%{í%} COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:%{í%} COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p1%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:%{í%} COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:%{í%} COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:%{í%} COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+nn%]%%%%:%{í%} COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-Past-Suffix %[%+p1%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; !%[%+p3%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%%%%%:aka COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p1%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+nn%]%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-URP-Suffix %[%+p1%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:ákí COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:ákí COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:ákí COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p1%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:ákí COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:ákí COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:ákí COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+nn%]%%%%:ákí COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-DPRES-Suffix %[%+p1%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:á COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:á COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:á COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p1%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:á COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:á COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%%%%:á COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+nn%]%%%%:á COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-Fut-Suffix %[%+p1%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%%%%:a COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%%%%:a COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%%%%:a COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p1%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%%%%:a COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%%%%:a COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%%%%:a COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+nn%]%[%+fut%]%%%%:a COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p1%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p1%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+nn%]%[%+fut%]%%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-Present-Ref-Suffix %[%+p1%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:%{í%} COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:%{í%} COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:%{í%} COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p1%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:%{í%} COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:%{í%} COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:%{í%} COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+nn%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:%{í%} COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-Past-Ref-Suffix %[%+p1%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p1%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+nn%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:áká COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-URP-Ref-Suffix %[%+p1%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:ákí COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:ákí COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:ákí COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p1%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:ákí COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:ákí COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:ákí COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+nn%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:ákí COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-DPRES-Ref-Suffix %[%+p1%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:á COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:á COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:á COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p1%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:á COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:á COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:á COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+nn%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:á COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Verb-Fut-Ref-Suffix %[%+p1%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:a COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:a COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+sg%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:a COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p1%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:a COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p2%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:a COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+pl%]%[%+aa%]%[%+fut%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:a COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+p3%]%[%+nn%]%[%+fut%]%[%+ref%]%%%%%:a COMMON-Suffix ; !=============================================================================! ! Pronoun Morphotactics ! !=============================================================================! LEXICON PRON-Ngai %%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Yo %%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Ye %%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Biso %%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Bino %%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Bango %%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Pos-Ngai %%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Pos-Yo %%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Pos-Ye %%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Pos-Biso %%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Pos-Bino %%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Pos-Bango %%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Yango %%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! That %%%%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! It %%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! Determiner LEXICON PRON-Oyo %%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! If used as determiner %%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! If used as nominal %%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! If used as relative LEXICON PRON-Wana %%%: COMMON-Suffix ; ! %%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Baoyo %%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Nani %%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Banani %%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-Nini %%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON PRON-EM %%%%: COMMON-Suffix ; !=============================================================================! ! Determiner Morphotactics ! !=============================================================================! LEXICON Det-Pos %%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Det-Ind %%%: COMMON-Suffix ; !=============================================================================! ! Misc. Morphotactics ! !=============================================================================! LEXICON Quant-Suffix %%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Prep-Suffix %: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Conj-Coord-Suffix %: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Conj-Subord-Suffix %: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Conn-Suffix %: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Neg-Suffix %: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Adjective-Prefix Adjective-Stems ; %[%-sg%]:mo%> Adjective-Stems ; %[%-pl%]:mi%> Adjective-Stems ; LEXICON Adjective-Var-Suffix %[%+sg%]%%: COMMON-Suffix ; %[%+pl%]%%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Adjective-InVar-Suffix %: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Adverb-Suffix %: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Numeral-Suffix %%: COMMON-Suffix ; %%: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Focus-Suffix %: COMMON-Suffix ; LEXICON Interjection-Suffix %: COMMON-Suffix ; !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!! L E X I C O N !!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !=============================================================================! ! Nouns ! !=============================================================================! LEXICON I-II-Stems mobeti:beti I-II-Suffix ; ! "Beater" motúli:túli I-II-Suffix ; ! "Blacksmith" motóngi:tóngi I-II-Suffix ; ! "Tailor, builder" mokónzi:kónzi I-II-Suffix ; ! "King" monanga:nanga I-II-Suffix ; ! "Chief" moyékoli:yékoli I-II-Suffix ; ! "Disciple" motíkí:tíkí I-II-Suffix ; ! "Heir" molɔ́mí:lɔ́mí I-II-Suffix ; ! "Husband" mosí:sí I-II-Suffix ; ! "Habitant" mosémboli:sémboli I-II-Suffix ; ! "Just man" mobekisi:bekisi I-II-Suffix ; ! "Judge, a just man" mobáli:báli I-II-Suffix ; ! "Husband" motɛ́kisi:tɛ́kisi I-II-Suffix ; ! "Merchant" mobóti:bóti I-II-Suffix ; ! "Mother, person who gives birth" mokilo:kilo I-II-Suffix ; ! "Mother-in-law" mosɛnjí:sɛnjí I-II-Suffix ; ! "Native" molúki:lúki I-II-Suffix ; ! "Paddler" motómbí:tómbí I-II-Suffix ; ! "Porter" mokangámí:kangámí I-II-Suffix ; ! "Prisoner" mokuli:kuli I-II-Suffix ; ! "Receiver" motómí:tómí I-II-Suffix ; ! "Sender" mobateli:bateli I-II-Suffix ; ! "Guard, Protector" mosáli:sáli I-II-Suffix ; ! "Labourer, worker" monyalí:nyalí I-II-Suffix ; ! "Sister-in-law" moómbó:ómbó I-II-Suffix ; ! "Slave" motéyi:téyi I-II-Suffix ; ! "Preacher, teacher" mojímbí:jímbí I-II-Suffix ; ! "Trickster" moboma:boma I-II-Suffix ; ! "Victim" molɔki:lɔki I-II-Suffix ; ! "Witch" mobátísi:bátísi I-II-Suffix ; ! "Person who baptises" mobíkisi:bíkisi I-II-Suffix ; ! "Savior" mokambi:kambi I-II-Suffix ; ! "Chief, boss" mokristo:kristo I-II-Suffix ; ! "A Christian" molakisi:lakisi I-II-Suffix ; ! "Teacher" molóni:lóni I-II-Suffix ; ! "Sower" monguna:nguna I-II-Suffix ; ! "Enemy" moníngá:níngá I-II-Suffix ; ! "Friend" mopǎgánu:pǎgánu I-II-Suffix ; ! "Pangan" mopaya:paya I-II-Suffix ; ! "Visitor" mosántu:sántu I-II-Suffix ; ! "Saint" moto:to I-II-Suffix ; ! "Person" mutu:tu I-II-Suffix ; ! "Person" moúmbu:úmbu I-II-Suffix ; ! "Slave" moyémbi:yémbi I-II-Suffix ; ! "Singer" moyíbi:yíbi I-II-Suffix ; ! "Thief" LEXICON Ia-II-Stems anjelu:anjelu Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Angel" léki:léki Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Younger sibling" kelasi:kelasi Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "School" kíti:kíti Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Chair, throne" kóko:kóko Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Grandparent" kómbo:kómbo Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Broom" mama:mama Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Mom" mbuta%-múntu:mbuta%-múntu Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Guard" mbwá:mbwá Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Dog" ndáko:ndáko Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "House" ndeko:ndeko Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Sibling" ngando:ngando Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Crocodile, transport controller" nganga:nganga Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Expert, magician, healer" nkísi:nkísi Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Amulet, medicine, drug" nkolo:nkolo Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Lord, owner" nókó:nókó Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Uncle" nsómí:nsómí Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Free person" ntoma:ntoma Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Apostle" nzói:nzói Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Bee" profete:profete Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Prophet" sángó:sángó Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Priest" sodá:sodá Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Soldier" tata:tata Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Dad" zábolo:zábolo Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Demon" sanduku:sanduku Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Box" bugumési:bugumési Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Mayor" sani:sani Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Plate" moske:moske Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Mosque" wɛnzɛ:wɛnzɛ Ia-II-Suffix ; ! "Outdoor market" LEXICON III-IV-Stems mosisa:sisa III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Artery, vein" moláto:láto III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Dress" molangi:langi III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Bottle" mokulu:kulu III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Cable, string" mozonto:zonto III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Star" monsinga:nsinga III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Canon" monyɔlɔ:nyɔlɔ III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Chain" molangi:langi III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Bottle" motíndo:tíndo III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Rule, commandment" mokɔli:kɔli III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Cord" motúya:túya III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Price, cost" molɔndú:lɔndú III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Cotton-free" monkaka:nkaka III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Crack" mobóka:bóka III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Dam" mombalé:mbalé III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Debt" molímó:límó III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Spirit, soul" molɔki:lɔki III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Witch" monɔkɔ:nɔkɔ III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Mouth, language, entrance" mokúka:kúka III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Drum" monguna:nguna III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Enemy" bolimbisi:limbisi III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Excuse, pardon" mosío:sío III-IV-Suffix ; ! "File" monsai:nsai III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Toe" mosapi:sapi III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Finger" moláko:láko III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Camp" mololi:loli III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Flame" mobóko:bóko III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Foundation" mombemba:mbemba III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Frog" mombúndo:mbúndo III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Funnel" mokwéla:kwéla III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Heron" monsoli:nsoli III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Jackal" mobémbo:bémbo III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Trip, travel, journey" molɔ́ngɔ́:lɔ́ngɔ́ III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Line, row" mole:le III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Rafter" mombuma:mbuma III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Seed, pill" mongenzu:ngenzu III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Tube, pipe" moswá:swá III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Ramrod" mopanzí:panzí III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Rib, side" mótɛkɛ:mótɛkɛ III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Root, flour" mofuku:fuku III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Sack" mosómáni:sómáni III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Saw" mombóto:mbóto III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Seed" mobɛmbɛ́:bɛmbɛ́ III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Snail" monzúbɛ:nzúbɛ III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Thorn" mombai:mbai III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Toothpick" mombóngo:mbóngo III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Trade" mongololo:ngololo III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Trench" mondule:ndule III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Trumpet" monjímbilíkí:njímbilíkí III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Vine" monsekeleke:nsekeleke III-IV-Suffix ; ! "White ant" mondɛ́lɛ́:ndɛ́lɛ́ III-IV-Suffix ; ! "" mompé:mpé III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Wind" mompɛpɛ:mpɛpɛ III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Wind" miko:ko III-IV-Suffix ; ! No singular form mobali:bali III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Boy, man, husband" mobeko:beko III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Law, command" mobú:bú III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Year" mobúlú:búlú III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Disorder" mokandá:kandá III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Book" mokano:kano III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Commitment" mokapo:kapo III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Section of law" mokila:kila III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Tail" mokili:kili III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Earth" mokɔlɔ:kɔlɔ III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Day" mokúwa:kúwa III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Bone" moléndé:léndé III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Determination, energy" molili:lili III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Nothing, darkness" molóngó:lóngó III-IV-Suffix ; ! "World, international community" moluka:luka III-IV-Suffix ; ! "River" molúlú:lúlú III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Meet" mondélé:ndélé III-IV-Suffix ; ! "White man" mongóngó:ngóngó III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Throat, voice, sound" monyɛlɛ:nyɛlɛ III-IV-Suffix ; ! "East" monyókoli:nyókoli III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Torment" mosálá:sálá III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Work, occupation" mosíká:síká III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Far away" mosolo:solo III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Dowry, money" mosusu:susu III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Other" (See same entry in Class I, can apparently be both) motámbo:támbo III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Trap" motáné:táné III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Light color" motéma:téma III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Heart, strength of character" motíndo:tíndo III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Reason" motu:tu III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Head" (can also be motó) mótuka:tuka III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Car" moyíbi:yíbi III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Theft" mozindó:zindó III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Depth" motuna:tuna III-IV-Suffix ; ! "Question" LEXICON V-VI-Stems litukú:tukú V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Abcess" libenga:benga V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Bag, purse, pocket" linkɛké:nkɛké V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Bamboo" libumu:bumu V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Stomach" litíngbo:tíngbo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Bow" libɛ́lɛ:bɛ́lɛ V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Breast" lisási:sási V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Gun, cartridge" libóbó:bóbó V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Case(to sheath)" lisanola:sanola V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Comb" lisanga:sanga V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Beer, wine" likoba:koba V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Pillow" lisbata:bata V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Duck" lifúlu:fúlu V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Dust" libɛngɛ́:bɛngɛ́ V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Potato(sweet)" lilita:ta V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Grave" libeke:beke V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Shoulder" litambála:tambála V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Scarf, towel, handkerchief" lilelɛmbɛ́:lelɛmbɛ́ V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Hawk" lilóngo:lóngo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Hip" lidúsu:dúsu V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Hole" libula:bula V-VI-Suffix ; ! "inheritance" lisopɔ́:sopɔ́ V-VI-Suffix ; ! "intestine, entrail" libeki:beki V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Jar, pot" lifúngola:fúngola V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Key" litongo:tongo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Knot" litútu:tútu V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Bruise, tumour" litéya:téya V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Sermon" lingóla:ngóla V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Mango" libóngo:bóngo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Beach, shore" libóndo:bóndo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Heap" liyɛbu:yɛbu V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Mushroom" litungúlu:tungúlu V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Onion" lilála:lála V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Orange(fruit)" libanza:banza V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Parable" likáká:káká V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Paw" lilingí:ngí V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Picture" lingató:ngató V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Crab" likómbɔ́kɔ:kómbɔ́kɔ V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Plane" libáíya:báíya V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Plank(wood)" likémba:kémba V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Banana, plantain" lisalá:salá V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Field, garden" likabo:kabo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Portion" likonjí:konjí V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Post" lisasú:sasú V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Saucepan" litwáya:twáya V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Serviette" lingɔngɔ:ngɔngɔ V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Sheet" libobe:bobe V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Spider" likómbe:kómbe V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Bachelor, single" liziba:ziba V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Spring" litádi:tádi V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Rock" litámbí:támbí V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Footprint, stride" likololɔ:kololɔ V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Toad" likáíya:káíya V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Tobacco" likánga:kánga V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Watch" lipapú:papú V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Wing" libála:bála V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Marriage" libanda:banda V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Outisde" libángá:bángá V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Pebble, stone" libela:bela V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Eternity, forever" libóko:bóko V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Fireplace" libóndeli:bóndeli V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Prayer" libonza:bonza V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Gift" libóta:bóta V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Family, lineage" libulu:bulu V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Hole, well" lifuta:futa V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Salary" ligóródó:góródó V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Toad" likabo:kabo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Offering, gift" likama:kama V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Incident" likambo:kambo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Case, problem" likámwisi:kámwisi V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Miracle" likanisi:kanisi V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Thought" likí:kí V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Egg" likita:kita V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Meeting, assembly, conspiracy" likoki:koki V-VI-Suffix ; ! "The means, resources, the right" likoló:koló V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Sky, above" liloki:loki V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Demonology" liloba:loba V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Talk, speech (word)" limemya:memya V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Respect" limpiká:mpiká V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Worm" limpúlututú:limpúlututú V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Spider" lingolo:ngolo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Mango" lingomba:ngomba V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Community" lino:no V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Tooth" lipa:pa V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Bread" lipandá:pandá V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Independence" lipata:pata V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Cloud" lisakoli:sakoli V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Declaration" lisálísí:sálísí V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Help" lisangá:sangá V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Meeting" lisángó:sángó V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Corn" lisapo:sapo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Tale" lisúmu:súmu V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Sin, crime" lisungi:sungi V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Aid" litáma:táma V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Cheek" litéya:téya V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Lesson" litíti:títi V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Grass' litói:tói V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Ear" liwá:wá V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Death" liyebisi:yebisi V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Press" lizali:zali V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Existence" lininisa:ninisa V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Window" lisano:sano V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Game" LEXICON VI-Only-Stems mabele:bele V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Sand, earth" mafúta:fúta V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Oil" malási:lási V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Perfume" maí:í V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Water" maí:mayí V-VI-Suffix ; ! Dir/LR makilá:kilá V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Blood" mambénga:mbénga V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Equator" mangwele:ngwele V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Vaccine" masúwa:súwa V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Ship" mayéle:yéle V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Intelligence" falansé:falansé V-VI-Suffix ; ! "French" LEXICON VII-VIII-Stems elálelo:lálelo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Bedroom" elémá:lémá V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Mad, fool" ekómo:kómo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Bracelet" etápi:tápi V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Branch(tree)" ekango:kango V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Bunch(bananas)" ekútu:kútu V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Pumpkin" epásu:pásu V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Chip" etakoleli:takoleli V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Custom house" étónga:tónga V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Flock" elobélí:lobélí V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Fishing rights" etuka:tuka V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Group, department" etubeli:tubeli V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Hammer" etumbeli:tumbeli V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Oven" enkoti:nkoti V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Cap, crown" emekeli:mekeli V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Ruler, measure" ebakoleli:bakoleli V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Nail puller" elékéla:lekela V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Passage, way" etimeli:timeli V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Pickaxe" eyotoleli:yotoleli V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Screwdriver" esamba:samba V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Shed(animal)" esende:sende V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Squirrel" esaléli:saléli V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Tool" etuna:tuna V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Tsete fly" eyémbu:yémbu V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Weed" eyenga:yenga V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Sunday, holiday, festival" ekombeli:kombeli V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Broom, brush" ekangilu:kangilu V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Parcel" ebembe:bembe V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Corpse" ebumbeli:bumbeli V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Cover" embotu:mbotu V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Fist" eloli:loli V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Flame" engasa:ngasa V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Fork" etanda:tanda V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Bench" ebende:bende V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Metal" engomeli:engomeli V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Iron" ebóngá:bóngá V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Seat" esóngí:sóngí V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Torch" étɛ́kɛ:tɛ́kɛ V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Eyelid" elɛngɛ́:elɛngɛ́ V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Young" ejáleli:jáleli V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Custom, habit" elɛ́ngí:lɛ́ngí V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Good(taste), sweet" etombá:tombá V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Morsel" eboka:boka V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Mortar" ebimba:bimba V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Package, bundle" ekomélí:komélí V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Pen, pencil" ebengá:bengá V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Pigeon, dove" ekɔ́mbá:kɔ́mbá V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Impotent(woman)" esóbé:sóbé V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Meadow, plain" etálángu:tálángu V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Scaffold" elembo:lembo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Sign, symptom, seal, mark" esakángo:sakángo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Shed" ekoto:koto V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Shoe" elímo:límo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Spirit" etáláká:táláká V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Display" ekúmbakɛ:kúmbakɛ V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Storm" etutú:tutú V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Wall" efelo:felo V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Wall" eyíká:yíká V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Wheel" ebale:bale VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "River" ebandeli:bandeli VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Beginning" ebangá:bangá VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Wave" ebekú:bekú VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Chin" ebelo:belo VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Thigh" ekakoli:kakoli VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Article" ekelamo:kelamo VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Living being" ekila:kila VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Abstinence" eklézia:klézia VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Church" eklézia:klézya VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! Dir/LR ekólo:kólo VII-VIII-Suffix ; !"Measuring unit, country," depending on tone ekomele:komele VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Pencil" elambá:lambá VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Costume, dress, garment" elanga:langa VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Garden" eleko:leko VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Period, time, weather" elikya:likya VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Hope" elóko:lóko VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Thing, object" elɔ́kɔ:lɔ́kɔ VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! This is elóko in 7-vowel orthography. Included so that words with ɔ́ can tokenize properly elongi:longi VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Face" engúmba:ngumba VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "City" epái:pái VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Place, location" esalelo:salelo VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Work material" esambiselo:sambiselo VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Court" esanga:sanga VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Island, lake" esɛngɔ:sɛngɔ VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Happiness" esíká:síká VII-VIII-Suffix ;! "Location, place, site, zone" esóbé:sóbé VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Savannah, desert" esóngó:sóngó VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Opposition" etando:tando VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Flat surface" etápe:tápe VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Branch" etebu:tebu VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! Unknown eténi:téni VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Piece, fragment" etímá:tímá VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Pond, lake" etumba:tumba VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Battle" etúmbu:túmbu VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Furnace, punishment" eyano:yano VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Answer" eyékwelo:yékwelo VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "School" ezaleli:zaleli VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Conduct" ezibele:zibele VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Door, lid" LEXICON IX-X-Stems !! take m mángá:mángá IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Mango" mbálá:mbálá IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Tuber" mbángá:mbángá IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Jaw" mbele:mbele IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Procelain" mbelí:mbelí IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Knife" mbíla:mbíla IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Palm tree" mbóka:mbóka IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Village, country" mbongo:mbongo IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Money" mbótama:mbótama IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Birth" mbóte:mbóte IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Greetings" mbóto:mbóto IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Gamete" mbúla:mbúla IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Rain" mbuma:mbuma IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Fruit" mémé:mémé IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Sheep" mesa:mesa IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Table" mpáku:mpáku IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Tax" !! take n ndakisa:ndakisa IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Example" ndámbo:ndámbo IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Part" ndímo:ndímo IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Citrus fruit" ndingisa:ndingisa IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Authorization" ndóto:ndóto IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Dream, hallucination" ndúmba:ndúmba IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Prostitute" ndúnda:ndúnda IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Vegetable" ngámbo:ngámbo IX-X-Suffix ; ! "The other side" nganda:nganda IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Bar, restaurant" ngolu:ngolu IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Grace" ngómba:ngómba IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Mountain" ngonga:ngonga IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Bell" ngungi:ngungi IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Mosquito" nguya:nguya IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Inner strength" nkéma:nkéma IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Ape" nkita:nkita IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Economy, business" nkoi:nkoi IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Leopard" nkóli:nkóli IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Crocodile" nkóna:nkóna IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Seed" nkósi:nkósi IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Lion" ntáká:ntáká IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Miles" (more generally, distance) ntambwe:ntambwe IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Cheetah" nyama:nyama IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Animal, tapeworm" nyaú:nyaú IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Cat" nyoka:nyoka IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Snake" nzala:nzala IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Hunger" nzelá:nzelá IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Street, road, opening" nzémbo:nzémbo IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Song" nzeté:nzeté IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Tree, wood" nzoku:nzoku IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Elephant" nzɔ́to:nzɔ́to IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Body" !!! Never takes n/m LEXICON IX-X-a-Stems balé:balé IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Ball" batísimo:batísimo IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Baptism" bozó:bozó IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Care" búku:búku IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Book" butú:butú IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Night" bwátu:bwátu IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Dugout canoe, boat" (guessing this is class IX?) fétí:fétí IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Party" kemi:kemi IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Chemistry" kosákosá:kosákosá IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Shrimp" kurúze:kurúze IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Cross" maládi:maládi IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Disease" pálaki:pálaki IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Plate" porte:porte IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Door" sánzá:sánzá IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Moon, month" sekelé:sekelé IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Secret" séléká:séléká IX-X-Suffix ; ! "In truth" simetiere:simetiere IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Cemetary" (unsure if acutally class IX) sukáli:sukáli IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Sugar" vile:vile IX-X-Suffix ; ! "City" víno:víno IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Wine" víno:vinu IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Wine" Dir/LR zélo:zélo IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Sand" ndeke:ndeke IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Bird" !!! Can take n/m or not LEXICON IX-X-b-Stems !! Can take m or not mpámba:pámba IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Nothing" mpási:pási IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Suffering" mpembéni:pembéni IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Close" mpókwa:pókwa IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Twilight, evening" mpongí:pongí IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Sleep" mpósá:pósá IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Envy" !! Can take n or not nkándá:kándá IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Anger" nkáké:káké IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Thunder" nkímyá:kímyá IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Calm" nkímyá:imia IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Calm" Dir/LR nkínga:kínga IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Bicycle" nkómbó:kómbó IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Name" nsangó:sangó IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Information" nsima:sima IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Behind" (often followed by na for preposition-like usage) nsé:sé IX-X-Suffix ; ! "The ground" nsinga:singa IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Wire" nsómo:sómo IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Terror" nsóni:sóni IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Shame" nsúka:súka IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Target, end" ntálo:tálo IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Number" ntángo:tángo IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Time" ntóngó:tóngó IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Morning" ntina:tina IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Reason, cause" ntembe:tembe IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Doubt" ntolí:tolí IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Advice" ntólo:tólo IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Torso" nzámba:zámba IX-X-Suffix ; ! "Forest" LEXICON XI-VI-Stems lobebo:bebo XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Lip" lobíko:bíko XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Life, existence" loboko:boko XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Arm, hand" lofundu:fundu XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Vanity" lokásá:kásá XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Leaf, page" lokolo:kolo XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Foot, leg" lokúmu:kúmu XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Glory, honor, respect" lokutá:kutá XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Lie" lóla:la XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Paradise" loléndo:léndo XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Pride" loléngé:léngé XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Method" londende:ndende XI-VI-Suffix ; ! Translated waves, not sure if this is actually class XI but the prefix matches... lopángo:pángo XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Residential parcel" loposo:poso XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Skin" lomposo:mposo XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Skin" loyémbo:yémbo XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Song" LEXICON XIV-Stems bobé:bé XIV-Suffix ; ! "Evil, ugliness" bobóto:bóto XIV-Suffix ; ! "Friendship" bokási:kási XIV-Suffix ; ! "Power" bokono:kono XIV-Suffix ; ! "Illness" bolaí:laí XIV-Suffix ; ! "Length" bolámu:lámu XIV-Suffix ; ! "Kindness" bolingo:lingo XIV-Suffix ; ! "Love, friendship" boloko:loko XIV-Suffix ; ! "Prison, lack of freedom" bokóló:kóló XIV-Suffix ; ! "Adulthood" bokulaka:kulaka XIV-Suffix ; ! "Direction, rule" bolúmbú:lúmbú XIV-Suffix ; ! "Nudity" bomengo:mengo XIV-Suffix ; ! "Wealth" bómoí:moí XIV-Suffix ; ! "Life, existence" bomɔi:mɔi XIV-Suffix ; ! "Life, existence" bomoto:moto XIV-Suffix ; ! "Human personality" bonéne:néne XIV-Suffix ; ! "Size, height" bondeko:ndeko XIV-Suffix ; ! "Friendship" bondoki:ndoki XIV-Suffix ; ! "Witchcraft" bongó:ngó XIV-Suffix ; ! "Brain" bopekisi:pekisi XIV-Suffix ; ! "Prohibition" bonsomi:nsomi XIV-Suffix ; ! "Freedom" bosántu:sántu XIV-Suffix ; ! "Holiness" bosémbo:sémbo XIV-Suffix ; ! "Truth, peace, justic, goodness" bosó:bosó XIV-Suffix ; ! "In front of" bosolo:solo XIV-Suffix ; ! "Truth" botutu:tutu XIV-Suffix ; ! "Curse, bad luck" boúmbu:úmbu XIV-Suffix ; ! "Slavery" boúmeli:úmeli XIV-Suffix ; ! "Duration" boyíké:yíké XIV-Suffix ; ! "Many" bozóba:zóba XIV-Suffix ; ! "Ignorance, stupidity" bozitó:zitó XIV-Suffix ; ! "Fatness" bozwi:zwi XIV-Suffix ; ! "Possession" LEXICON XV-Stems kolinga:linga XV-Suffix ; ! "To love" kotála:tála XV-Suffix ; ! "To watch" LEXICON ProperNouns Abel:Abel Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Abel" Abraham:Abraham Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Abraham" Adam:Adam Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Adam Afríka:Afríka Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Africa" Alama:Alama Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Alma" Ameríka:Ameríka Toponym-Suffix ; ! "America" Angola:Angola Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Angola" Antioshe:Antioshe Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Antioch" Asaf:Asaf Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Asaph" Asulia:Asulia Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Assyria" Azía:Azía Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Asia" Barnabas:Barnabas Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Barnabas" Bayuda:Bayuda MiscProper-Suffix ; ! "Judaism" (?) Birmani:Birmani Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Myanmar" Brazzaville:Brazzaville Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Brazzaville" Burundi:Burundi Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Burundi" Cain:Cain Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Cain" Ciluba:Ciluba MiscProper-Suffix ; ! "Ciluba" Congo:Congo Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Congo" Charle:Charle Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Charlie" David:David Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "David" Demokratíki:Demokratíki MiscProper-Suffix ; ! "Democratic" Efeze:Efeze MiscProper-Suffix ; ! "Ephesians" Ejipte:Ejipte Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Egypt" Elamani:Elamani Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Helaman" Eliya:Eliya Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Elijah" Erode:Erode Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Herod" Erópa:Erópa Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Europe" Eva:Eva Anthroponym-F-Suffix ; ! "Eve" Ezaya:Ezaya Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Isaiah" Falansia:Falansia Toponym-Suffix ; ! "France" Ingɛlɛ́tɛlɛ:Ingɛlɛ́tɛlɛ Toponym-Suffix ; ! "England" Gabon:Gabon Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Gabon" Galilé:Galilé Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Galilee" Gihona:Gihona Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Gihon" Gracia:Gracia Anthroponym-F-Suffix ; ! "Grace" Farizé:ba%-Farizé Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Pharisees" Filipe:Filipe Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Phillip" Hawila:Hawila Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Havilah" Hidekele:Hidekele Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Hiddekel" India:India Toponym-Suffix ; ! "India" Israel:Israel Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Israel" Jake:Jake Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Jake" Joseph:Joseph Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Joseph" Jozef:Jozef Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Joseph" Kabila:Kabila Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Kabila" Katanga:Katanga Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Katanga" Kenya:Kenya Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Kenya" Kikongó:Kikongó Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Kikongo" Kinsásá:Kinsásá Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Kinshasa" Kinshasa:Kinshasa Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Kinshasa" kiswahili:kiswahili Toponym-Suffix ; ! Klisto:Klisto Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Christ" Kɔ́ngɔ:Kɔ́ngɔ Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Congo" Kongó:Kongó Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Congo" Korente:Korente Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Corinth" Kristo:Kristo Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Christ" Kusi:Kusi Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Ethiopia" Lamani:Lamani Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Laman" Lehi:Lehi Anthroponym-F-Suffix ; ! "Lehi" Lifalansé:Lifalansé Toponym-Suffix ; ! "France" Swisi:Swisi Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Switzerland" Bɛ́lɛjika:Bɛ́lɛjika Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Belgium" Bɛ́ljika:Bɛ́ljika Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Belgium" Lingála:Lingála Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Lingala" Luanda:Luanda Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Luanda" Mariya:Mariya Anthroponym-F-Suffix ; ! "Mary" Zakariya:Zakariya Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Zechariah" Mark:Mark Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Mark" Mat:Mat Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Matt" Matie:Matie Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Matthew" Mesia:Mesia Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Messiah" Moize:Moize Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Moses" Nazaret:Nazaret Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Nazareth" Nefi:Nefi Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Nefi" Nkolo:Nkolo Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Lord" Noé:Noé Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Noah" Nzámbe:Nzámbe Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "God, Lord" Pake:Pake MiscProper-Suffix ; ! "Passover" Pelata:Pelata Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Euphrates" Pólo:Pólo Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Paul" Paul:Paul Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Paul" Piere:Piere Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Peter" Pierre:Pierre Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Pierre" Pilate:Pilate Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Pilate" Pisoni:Pisoni Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Pison" Republíki:Republíki Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Republic" Rome:Rome Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Romans" Rwanda:Rwanda Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Rwanda" Sadusé:ba%-Sadusé Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Sadducees" Sam:Sam Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Sam" Satan:Satan Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Satan" Saul:Saul Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Saul" Simon:Simon Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Simon" Sion:Sion Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Sion" Tanzania:Tanzania Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Tanzania" Timote:Timote Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Timothy" Tshiluba:Tshiluba Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Tshiluba" Uganda:Uganda Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Uganda" Wikipedia:Wikipedia Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Wikipedia" Zaki:Zaki Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "James" Yawe:Yawe Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "God" Santu:Santu Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Saint" Yelusaleme:Yelusaleme Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Jerusalem" (Book of Mormon) Yeruzalem:Yeruzalem Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Jerusalem" (New Testament) Yesu:Yesu Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Jesus" Yézu:Yézu Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Jesus" Yisalaele:Yisalaele Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Israel" Yoane:Yoane Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "John" Yuda:Yuda Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Judah" Yudas:Yudas Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Judas" Zaíre:Zaíre Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Zaire" Zalayemila:Zalayemila MiscProper-Suffix ; ! ? Désiré:Désiré Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Désiré" Cyrille:Cyrille Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Cyrille" Ilunga:Ilunga Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Ilunga" (Common name in Lingala-speaking regions) Kambundji:Kambundji Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Kambundji" Guérin:Guérin Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Guérin" Lumumba:Lumumba Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Lumumba" Evariste:Evariste Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Evariste" Kasa% Vubu:Kasa% Vubu Anthroponym-M-Suffix ; ! "Kasa-Vubu" Kabinda:Kabinda Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Kabinda" Lubumbashi:Lubumbashi Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Lubumbashi" Kisangani:Kisangani Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Kisangani" Wenge:Wenge MiscProper-Suffix ; ! "Wenge" (Popular music in Kinshasa) Leopoldville:Leopoldville Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Leopoldville" Kamerun:Kamerun Toponym-Suffix ; ! "Kamerun" !=============================================================================! ! Verbs ! !=============================================================================! LEXICON Verb-Stems Verb-Stems-Irregular ; kobonja% va:bonj% va Verb-Suffix ; ! "TEST" kokundwa:kundw Verb-Suffix ; ! "To rise" kobumba:bumb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To save, hide" kopasola:pasol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To cleave, break" kobákola:bákol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To dismount" koyókela:yókel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To grant" kokúfwa:kúfw Verb-Suffix ; ! "To die" komekisa:mekis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To encourage" kotámbwisa:támbwis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To publish, move" kobɔtɔlɔ:bɔtɔl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To dispossess, take away" komotúya:motúy Verb-Suffix ; ! "To value" komosɔlo:mosɔl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To value" kosangela:sangel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To inform, acquaint, enjoin" kodima:dim Verb-Suffix ; ! "To assent" koyanginya:yanginy Verb-Suffix ; ! "To assemble, renounce" koséba:séb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To sharpen" kopombwa:pombw Verb-Suffix ; ! "To skip" kosílisa:sílis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To finish, complete, accomplish" kosukola:sukol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To wash, bathe, shower" kotúna:tún Verb-Suffix ; ! "To ask,interrogate" kojelinginya:jelinginy Verb-Suffix ; ! "To whirl" kofíba:fíb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To lick" kokámola:kámol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To squeeze" kolongola:longol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To remove, subtract" kolumba:lumb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To smell" kokamata:kamat Verb-Suffix ; ! "To take, clutch, grasp, receive" kosimba:simb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To touch, grasp" kopɛngɔá:pɛngɔ Verb-Suffix ; ! "To shun, ignore" kopɛngwa:pɛngw Verb-Suffix ; ! "To shun" kokósa:kós Verb-Suffix ; ! "To lie, cheat, deceive" kobótama:bótam Verb-Suffix ; ! "To born" kotúmola:túmol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To contradict" kotómbola:tómbol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To lift" konetola:netol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To exalt" kosakola:sakol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To proclaim, announce, inform, acquaint kosɔ́kía:sɔ́kí Verb-Suffix ; ! "To humiliate" kokwisa:kwis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To humiliate" kofungola:fungol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To open, unlock" kobɔ́ndɔ:bɔ́nd Verb-Suffix ; ! "To pacify" komuka:muk Verb-Suffix ; ! "To pluck" konúka:núk Verb-Suffix ; ! "To pluck" kobénda:bénd Verb-Suffix ; ! "To pull, haul, drag" kokololɔ:kolol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To snore" kopúlola:púlol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To strip" koángana:ángan Verb-Suffix ; ! "To deny, disavow" kotóndisa:tóndis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To fill, satiate" konyálisa:nyális Verb-Suffix ; ! "To fill" kosɔsɔlɔ:sɔsɔl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To scrutinise" kotungisa:tungis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To trouble" kotilimisa:tilimis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To calm" kobátela:bátel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To guard, protect" kolɛ́nga:lɛ́ng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To tremble" kobánza:bánz Verb-Suffix ; ! "To apply, join" konyangisa:nyangis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To shake" kosɛkisa:sɛkis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To joke, amuse" kobɔ́ndɛla:bɔ́ndɛl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To pray, implore" kosúkisa:súkis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To accomplish" kobɔ́íya:bɔ́íy Verb-Suffix ; ! "To refuse, renounce, annul" komokɛ́ngéla:mokɛ́ngél Verb-Suffix ; ! "To spy" kokabela:kabel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To bestow" kolúla:lúl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To covet" kolabwa:labw Verb-Suffix ; ! "To land" kobíka:bík Verb-Suffix ; ! "To survive" kolángisa:lángis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To intoxicate" koswána:swán Verb-Suffix ; ! "To argue, wrangle" kolemwa:lemw Verb-Suffix ; ! "To worry" kosepelisa:sepelis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To amuse" kotánisa:tánis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To polish" kobɛ́ta:bɛ́t Verb-Suffix ; ! "To beat(up), strike" kobéka:bék Verb-Suffix ; ! "To borrow" kolóna:lón Verb-Suffix ; ! "To plant, cultivate" kokɔna:kɔn Verb-Suffix ; ! "To plant" komɔ́mo:mɔ́m Verb-Suffix ; ! "To grope" kokamba:kamb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To guide, lead" kotóngola:tóngol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To demolish, untie" kopɛ́tɔla:pɛ́tɔl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To purify, cleanse" kotɛ́tá:tɛ́t Verb-Suffix ; ! "To float" kotépa:tép Verb-Suffix ; ! "To float" kopɛngɔla:pɛngɔl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To divert" kopɛndɛ:pɛnd Verb-Suffix ; ! "To divert" kokúla:kúl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To rub" koyamba:yamb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To receive, adopt, believe, accept, agree" koámba:ámb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To adopt" kosímbísa:símbís Verb-Suffix ; ! "To restrain, help(me), simbisa" konúngisa:núngis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To suckle" kolámba:lámb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To cook, prepare(dinner)" kosálisa:sális Verb-Suffix ; ! "To employ" kotákola:tákol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To collect, recruit" kotɔ́nɔ:tɔ́n Verb-Suffix ; ! "To collect" kolimbola:limbol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To interpret, explain" kofunga:fung Verb-Suffix ; ! "To fasten" kopusola:pusol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To detach" kolútola:lútol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To detach, loosen, relax" kolutwa:lutw Verb-Suffix ; ! "To detached" kokɛ́ngɛlɛ:kɛ́ngɛl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To protect" kongánga:ngáng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To shout, exclaim" kobɛ́tɛlɛ:bɛ́tɛl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To knock" kotúya:túy Verb-Suffix ; ! "To quote" kobutwisa:butwis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To return" kozónga:zóng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To return, come back" kozóngisa:zóngis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To return" komosálí:mosál Verb-Suffix ; ! "To enter" komabáíya:mabáíy Verb-Suffix ; ! "To enter" kokapintá:kapint Verb-Suffix ; ! "To enter" kobibuma:bibum Verb-Suffix ; ! "To lower" kondúnda:ndúnd Verb-Suffix ; ! "To lower" kokanisa:kanis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To think" kokeka:kek Verb-Suffix ; ! "To gaze" komanyolela:manyolel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To meditate" kolimba:limb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To pretend" kokútínya:kútíny Verb-Suffix ; ! "To pretend, swindle" kobúka:búk Verb-Suffix ; ! "To break, crack" kobánga:báng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To fear" kobɔ́ngisa:bɔ́ngis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To adapt, arrange" kokokisa:kokis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To adapt, complete" koyéngíbinya:yéngíbiny Verb-Suffix ; ! "To adapt" kosúka:súk Verb-Suffix ; ! "To limit" kosopa:sop Verb-Suffix ; ! "To pour, spill" koswela:swel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To pour" konyɔ́kɔla:nyɔ́kɔl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To provoke, harass" koténgía:téngí Verb-Suffix ; ! "To lean" kokwété:kwét Verb-Suffix ; ! "To chop" kobukola:bukol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To diminish" kobótisa:bótis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To fertilise" kodéfisa:défis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To lend" koyambisa:yambis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To persuade" kobúlinginya:búlinginy Verb-Suffix ; ! "To complicate" kopúmbwa:púmbw Verb-Suffix ; ! "To fly" kobángisa:bángis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To scare, frighten, alarm, intimidate" kolámbola:lámbol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To plaster" kopata:pat Verb-Suffix ; ! "To accuse" kotuba:tub Verb-Suffix ; ! "To accuse" kolátisa:látis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To dress, clothe" koláta:lát Verb-Suffix ; ! "To dress oneself" kosolola:solol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To converse, narrate" kotálisa:tális Verb-Suffix ; ! "To expose" komɔ́nana:mɔ́nan Verb-Suffix ; ! "To appear" kobimela:bimel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To appear" kokengisa:kengis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To clarify" kobébisa:bébis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To damage, disfigure" kosémbola:sémbol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To straighten, smooth, level" kokamwa:kamw Verb-Suffix ; ! "To wonder, be astonished" kokabola:kabol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To split" kobóngwinya:bóngwiny Verb-Suffix ; ! "To transform" kobongwana:bongwan Verb-Suffix ; ! "To transform" komínyola:mínyol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To powder" kojikámisá:jikámis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To terrify" kobwáka:bwák Verb-Suffix ; ! "To throw" kolɛmbisa:lɛmbis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To tire, soften, (become weary)" kolekisa:lekis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To omit" kofátákí:fáták Verb-Suffix ; ! "To flint" kokáta:kát Verb-Suffix ; ! "To cut" kosúmbutána:súmbután Verb-Suffix ; ! "To exchange" koyina:yin Verb-Suffix ; ! "To hate, loathe,despise, abhor" koyébana:yéban Verb-Suffix ; ! "To become known" kosásá:sás Verb-Suffix ; ! "To sift" kotɔkɔ:tɔk Verb-Suffix ; ! "To grind" koténa:tén Verb-Suffix ; ! "To amputate" kotúngóla:túngól Verb-Suffix ; ! "To loosen" kobándola:bándol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To loosen" koyâ:y Verb-Suffix ; ! "To come" kokúmisa:kúmis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To honour, praise, glorify" kokamwisa:kamwis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To astonish" koúmela:úmel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To (dwell a long time)" kobakía:bakí Verb-Suffix ; ! "To suspend" kobongola:bongol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To convert" kosunga:sung Verb-Suffix ; ! "To help" kotála:tál Verb-Suffix ; ! "To look" kolángwa:lángw Verb-Suffix ; ! "To be drunk, tipsy" kokundola:kundol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To discover, find, uncover, recover" kolibola:libol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To discover" kobumbóla:bumból Verb-Suffix ; ! "To discover, uncover" kotándola:tándol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To expose(for sale)" kotánga:táng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To calculate, studdy, reckon" kobéba:béb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To spoil" kolindísa:lindís Verb-Suffix ; ! "To sink, submerge" kozindisa:zindis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To submerge, immerge, trip(fall)" kokólisa:kólis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To lengthen" kotimba:timb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To faint" kokila:kil Verb-Suffix ; ! "To abstain" kokékisa:kékis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To dry" kopalela:palel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To scold" kongɛnga:ngɛng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To sparkle" konyanya:nyany Verb-Suffix ; ! "To swim" koɔndɔ́:ɔndɔ Verb-Suffix ; ! "To dwindle" koyúnzóla:yúnzól Verb-Suffix ; ! "To revolt" kokɔ́mba:kɔ́mb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To sweep" kolongwa:longw Verb-Suffix ; ! "To quit" kokɔsɔla:kɔsɔl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To cough" kolemisá:lemis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To cripple" kobutisa:butis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To reply" kotónga:tóng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To build" kobɔ́ndisa:bɔ́ndis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To appease, calm" koléndisa:léndis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To assure" kofúta:fút Verb-Suffix ; ! "To reimburse, indemnify" kobɔkɔla:bɔkɔl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To nourish" kondinkana:ndinkan Verb-Suffix ; ! "To stained" kopekelé:pekel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To beg" koɔnga:ɔng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To beg" kosánza:sánz Verb-Suffix ; ! "To vomit" kojíka:jík Verb-Suffix ; ! "To scald" kokwela:kwel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To embark(people)" kokwésízá:kwésíz Verb-Suffix ; ! "To embark(goods)" kozalisa:zalis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To establish" kotíkala:tíkal Verb-Suffix ; ! "To stay" kosakana:sakan Verb-Suffix ; ! "To play" tóngá:ng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To sew" kosámbela:sámbel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To plead" kobimisa:bimis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To expose, pull out, issue, show" koyuma:yum Verb-Suffix ; ! "To issue" kobótola:bótol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To snatch" kobómba:bómb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To store" konyatélá:nyatél Verb-Suffix ; ! "To bruise" kobola:bol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To bruise" kokíma:kím Verb-Suffix ; ! "To run, escape" konyíngána:nyíngán Verb-Suffix ; ! "To shake, vacillate, agitate" kopíma:pím Verb-Suffix ; ! "To repulse" kobíkisa:bíkis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To save, cure" kopunza:punz Verb-Suffix ; ! "To plunder" kolíkia:líki Verb-Suffix ; ! "To hope" konánola:nánol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To enlarge" kobéngisa:béngis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To hunt" kozala:zal Verb-Suffix ; ! "To dwell" koyíkinya:yíkiny Verb-Suffix ; ! "To accumulate" kosála:sál Verb-Suffix ; ! "To make, manufacture" kotúbia:túbi Verb-Suffix ; ! "To penetrate" koíngisa:íngis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To fit in" kolɛ́ngɛlɛ:lɛ́ngɛl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To smooth" koyéba:yéb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To understand, know" kokwakola:kwakol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To wrench" koyósɔla:yósɔl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To wrench" kopɛ́sa:pɛ́s Verb-Suffix ; ! "To give, offer, bestow" kokabwa:kabw Verb-Suffix ; ! "To branch(out)" kotúla:túl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To forge" kobúngitinya:búngitiny Verb-Suffix ; ! "To roll" kokwákíya:kwákíy Verb-Suffix ; ! "To bestride" kowála:wál Verb-Suffix ; ! "To scrape" kowalola:walol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To scrape" komɔ́nisa:mɔ́nis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To show(me), exhibit" kolímbisa:límbis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To forgive, absolve" ndisa:is Verb-Suffix ; ! "To let(down)" koyambola:yambol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To confess" kosɔ́ndéme:sɔ́ndém Verb-Suffix ; ! "To squat(kneel)" kosotóma:sotóm Verb-Suffix ; ! "To squat" kokakitínya:kakitíny Verb-Suffix ; ! "To prevaricate(beat around the bush)" kosisola:sisol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To mock" koyɔ́nsɔ:yɔ́ns Verb-Suffix ; ! "To total" kojimba:jimb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To deceive" kolingóla:lingól Verb-Suffix ; ! "To unravel" kobáká:bák Verb-Suffix ; ! "To pose" kobanda:band Verb-Suffix ; ! "To begin" kobanda:band Verb-Suffix ; ! "To attach, sew" kobánga:báng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To be scared" kobánza:bánz Verb-Suffix ; ! "To think, believe, remember" kobatá:bat Verb-Suffix ; ! "To watch" kobéba:béb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To damage" kobɛla:bɛl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To cook" kobélela:bélel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To hail" kobénga:béng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To call, name" kobɛ́ta:bɛ́t Verb-Suffix ; ! "To beat,rain" kobianga:biang Verb-Suffix ; ! "To call" kobíka:bík Verb-Suffix ; ! "To be saved" kobima:bim Verb-Suffix ; ! "To go out, exit, appear" koboma:bom Verb-Suffix ; ! "To kill" kobɔ́nga:bɔ́ng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To improve oneself, prepare, arrange, adapt" kobúka:búk Verb-Suffix ; ! "To break" kobwáka:bwák Verb-Suffix ; ! "To throw" kolimwa:limw Verb-Suffix ; ! "To disappear" (lexicaled reversive extension) kobómba:bómb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To hide" kobɔ́nda:bɔ́nd Verb-Suffix ; ! "To separate in smaller prits, explain, expose" kobóta:bót Verb-Suffix ; ! "To give birth" kobóya:bóy Verb-Suffix ; ! "To refuse, disdain, deny, drop" kobuáka:buák Verb-Suffix ; ! "To throw" kobunda:bund Verb-Suffix ; ! "To fight" kofánda:fánd Verb-Suffix ; ! "To sit, stay, live" kofínga:fíng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To insult" kofúnda:fúnd Verb-Suffix ; ! "To accuse" kogánga:gáng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To shout" kogúmba:gúmb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To bend" kokaba:kab Verb-Suffix ; ! "To give, donate" kokákola:kákol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To negotiate a bargain" kokamwa:kamw Verb-Suffix ; ! "To be surprised, amazed" kokána:kán Verb-Suffix ; ! "To decide" kokanga:kang Verb-Suffix ; ! "To close, catch, grab, imprison" kokáta:kát Verb-Suffix ; ! "To cut, hang up, shave" kokauka:kauk Verb-Suffix ; ! "To dry" kokéba:kéb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To pay attention" kokɛla:kɛl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To generate, give live, create, invent" kokɛsɛna:kɛsɛn Verb-Suffix ; ! "To compare" kokíma:kím Verb-Suffix ; ! "To avoid, run, run away" kokita:kit Verb-Suffix ; ! "To land" kokoba:kob Verb-Suffix ; ! "To advance" kokóla:kól Verb-Suffix ; ! "To grow, increase, ripe, mature: kokoma:kom Verb-Suffix ; ! "To arrive, happen, become, write, start to" komɛla:mɛl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To drink, swallow" kokónza:kónz Verb-Suffix ; ! "To monopolize, occupy by force" kokósa:kós Verb-Suffix ; ! "To lie, fool" kokɔ́ta:kɔ́t Verb-Suffix ; ! "To enter" kokúfa:kúf Verb-Suffix ; ! "To die, fail" kokúkúla:kúkúl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To dismantle, remove" kokúma:kúm Verb-Suffix ; ! "To win, dominate" kokúmba:kúmb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To drive, pilot, transport, carry" kokunda:kund Verb-Suffix ; ! "To bury" kokúta:kút Verb-Suffix ; ! "To find" kokwâ:kw Verb-Suffix ; ! "To take, snatch, catch, capture, recover" kokwéya:kwéy Verb-Suffix ; ! See kokwéya Dir/LR kokwéya:kwéy Verb-Suffix ; ! "To fall" kolaka:lak Verb-Suffix ; ! "To warn, predict, advise" kolanda:land Verb-Suffix ; ! "To follow" kolánga:láng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To get drunk" kolela:lel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To cry, whine" kotambola:tambola Verb-Suffix ; ! "To walk" koleka:lek Verb-Suffix ; ! "To pass, surpass, exceed" kolɛ́mba:lɛ́mb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To be tired" kolénda:lénd Verb-Suffix ; ! "To be able to" kolikya:liky Verb-Suffix ; ! "To hope" kolimba:limb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To reach" kolinga:ling Verb-Suffix ; ! "To love, want desire" koloba:lob Verb-Suffix ; ! "To speak, talk, whisper" kolɔkɔta:lɔkɔt Verb-Suffix ; ! "To pick up" kolónga:lóng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To defeat, win" kolɔ́ta:lɔ́t Verb-Suffix ; ! "To dream, think" koluka:luk Verb-Suffix ; ! "To search, seek" kolútá:lút Verb-Suffix ; ! "To excel" komáta:mát Verb-Suffix ; ! "To climb" komeka:mek Verb-Suffix ; ! "To try, test,taste, attempt, persevere" komɛma:mɛm Verb-Suffix ; ! "To wear, carry, transport" komɔ́na:mɔ́n Verb-Suffix ; ! "To see" kondima:ndim Verb-Suffix ; ! "To accept, admit, believe" koniátá:niát Verb-Suffix ; ! "To trample" koninga:ning Verb-Suffix ; ! "To shake" kongala:ngal Verb-Suffix ; ! "To speak loud" konyanga:nyang Verb-Suffix ; ! "To plan a plot" kopakola:pakol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To put on oil" kopalangana:palangan Verb-Suffix ; ! "To disperse, spread, diffuse" kopanza:panz Verb-Suffix ; ! "To spread, scatter" kopekisa:pekis Verb-Suffix ; ! "To prohibit, forbid, prevent" kopéma:pém Verb-Suffix ; ! "To breathe" kopɛ́sa:pɛ́s Verb-Suffix ; ! "To give, distribute kopíma:pím Verb-Suffix ; ! "To refuse" koyéba:yéb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To know" kopambola:pambol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To bless, transfer good influences" kopɔla:pɔl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To get wet, soak (caus.)" kopɔna:pɔn Verb-Suffix ; ! "To choose" kosála:sál Verb-Suffix ; ! "To work, do" kosálema:sálem Verb-Suffix ; ! "To happen" kosámba:sámb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To plead (a case), appear in court" kosánga:sáng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To meet" kosɛka:sɛk Verb-Suffix ; ! "To laugh" kosɛ́nga:sɛ́ng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To ask" kosepela:sepel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To rejoice, enjoy, have fun" kosikola:sikol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To recite, liberate, deliver, remove" kosíla:síl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To finish, terminate" kosilika:silik Verb-Suffix ; ! "To get angry" kosimba:simb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To hold" kosolola:solol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To discuss, chat" kosɔsɔla:sɔsɔl Verb-Suffix ; ! "To analyze, discern" kosúka:súk Verb-Suffix ; ! "To reach the end" kotála:tál Verb-Suffix ; ! "To watch" kotámba:támb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To advance, go forward" kotánga:táng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To read, count, study" kotɛ́ka:tɛ́k Verb-Suffix ; ! "To sell, sell out" kotelema:telem Verb-Suffix ; ! "To stand up, halt" kotéya:téy Verb-Suffix ; ! "To teach" kotíka:tík Verb-Suffix ; ! "To leave" kotima:tim Verb-Suffix ; ! "To plow" kotínda:tínd Verb-Suffix ; ! "To ship, send" kotóka:tók Verb-Suffix ; ! "To boil, draw(water), pour" kotɔmbɔka:tɔmbɔk Verb-Suffix ; ! "To rebel" kotónda:tónd Verb-Suffix ; ! "To saturate" kotósa:tós Verb-Suffix ; ! "To obey, submit" kotúka:túk Verb-Suffix ; ! "Abuse" kotúna:tún Verb-Suffix ; ! "To ask" koúma:úm Verb-Suffix ; ! "To take a long time" koúta:út Verb-Suffix ; ! Alternative form of kowúta kovánda:vánd Verb-Suffix ; ! Alternative form of kofánda kowúta:wút Verb-Suffix ; ! "To come" konyata:nyat Verb-Suffix ; ! "To trample" koyékola:yékol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To learn" koyémba:yémb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To sing" koyíba:yíb Verb-Suffix ; ! "To steal" koyíka:yík Verb-Suffix ; ! "Increase, multiply" koyímayima:yímayim Verb-Suffix ; ! "To comply" koyóka:yók Verb-Suffix ; ! "To understand, listen, hear" kozánga:záng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To miss" kozela:zel Verb-Suffix ; ! "To wait" koínga:íng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To tie up, cross, warp" kozúa:zú Verb-Suffix ; ! "To earn, get, take, receive" kozwa:zw Verb-Suffix ; ! Alternate form of kozua kozónga:zóng Verb-Suffix ; ! "To return, go back" koyánola:yánol Verb-Suffix ; ! "To reply, answer" kolála:lál Verb-Suffix ; ! "To sleep, nap" kolia:li Verb-Suffix ; ! "To eat" kotia:ti Verb-Suffix ; ! "To put," may have irregular form but used regularly in corpus kobína:bín Verb-Suffix ; ! "To dance" kolia:liy Verb-Suffix ; ! "To eat" Dir/LR kokoka:kok Verb-Suffix ; ! "To be able, can, fit(clothes)" kozala:zal Verb-Suffix ; ! Copula, must also analyze as aux verb ! These 3 are the main Auxiliary verbs in Lingala kozala:zal Aux-Verb-Suffix ; kokoka:kok Aux-Verb-Suffix ; ! "Can, may" kosɛngɛle:sɛngɛl Aux-Verb-Suffix ; ! "(I) must" should only be conjugated at p3 LEXICON Verb-Stems-Irregular koya:y Verb-Irreg1-Suffix ; ! "To come" koya:ye Verb-Irreg2-Suffix ; ! %[%-imp%]koya:yak Verb-InfImp-Suffix ; ! Irregular irregular imperative. The incorrect imperative from above entry is removed using CG !kokɛndɛ:kɛnd Verb-Irreg3-Suffix ; ! "To go" kolia:le Verb-Irreg2-Suffix ; ! See kolia !=============================================================================! ! Everything Else ! !=============================================================================! LEXICON Adjective-Stems moké:ké Adjective-Var-Suffix ; ! "Small" mokúsé:kúsé Adjective-Var-Suffix ; ! "Short" bokúsé:bokúsé Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Short" molaí:laí Adjective-Var-Suffix ; ! "Long" molayi:layi Adjective-Var-Suffix ; ! "Tall, long" molalanda:lalanda Adjective-Var-Suffix ; ! "Blind" monɛ́nɛ:nɛ́nɛ Adjective-Var-Suffix ; ! "Big" mobala:bola Adjective-Var-Suffix ; ! "Poor" banso:banso Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "All" bobele:bobele Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Only" bololo:bololo Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Bitter, sour" ngai:ngai Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Sour" mabé:mabé Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Bad" makási:makási Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Strong, hard, difficult" malámu:malámu Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Good" mobésu:mobésu Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Raw" mobimba:mobimba Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "All, whole" mwá:mwá Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! Generally means "small," "some," etc. mwíndo:mwíndo Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Black, African" ntei:ntei Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Middle, central" kitóko:kitóko Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Beautiful" pémbé:pémbé Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "White" pémbé:mpémbé Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "White" Dir/LR pɛnɛ:pɛnɛ Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Close to" polele:polele Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Open, clear" seko:seko Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Eternal" sika:sika Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "New" solo:solo Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "True" yambo:yambo Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "First" mpembéni:mpembéni Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Close" kala:kala Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Old" molungé:molungé Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Warm, hot" malílí:malílí Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Cold" esengo:esengo Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Happy" mosíká:síká Adjective-Var-Suffix ; ! "Far" bonzido:bonzido Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Deep" mpío:mpío Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Cold" petwa:petwa Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Clean" molémbu:lémbu Adjective-Var-Suffix ; ! "Easy, weak" moíndo:moíndo Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Black, dark" bulo:bulo Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Blue" langí% la% káwa:langí% la% káwa Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Brown" libáta:libáta Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Bald" noki:noki Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Quick" sambá:sambá Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Correct" yaya:yaya Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Elder" téla:téla Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Ripe" sudi:sudi Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "South" nordi:nordi Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "North" wɛ́sita:wɛ́sita Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "West, occidental" límbe:límbe Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Occidental" séí:séí Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Comfortable" bómoí:bómoí Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Alive" ngáí% mókó:ngáí% mókó Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Alone" soni:soni Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Ashamed" nsoni:nsoni Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Ashamed" nsomo:nsomo Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Awful" libata:libata Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Bald-headed" loko:loko Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Deaf" ekeseni:ekeseni Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Different" ngoi% ngoi:ngoi% ngoi Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Cowardly" kifwafwa:kifwafwa Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Epileptic" lifalansé:lifalansé Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "French" lingála:lingála Adjective-InVar-Suffix ; ! "Lingala" LEXICON Pronouns ngáí:ngáí PRON-Ngai ; ! "I" yó:yó PRON-Yo ; ! "You" yé:yé PRON-Ye ; ! "He/She/It" yě:yě PRON-Ye ; ! "He/She/It" bísó:bísó PRON-Biso ; ! "We" bínó:bínó PRON-Bino ; ! "You" (pl) bangó:bangó PRON-Bango ; ! "They" ya% ngáí:ya% ngáí PRON-Pos-Ngai ; ! "Mine, my" ya% yó:ya% yó PRON-Pos-Yo ; ! "Yours, your" ya% yé:ya% yé PRON-Pos-Ye ; ! "His, hers, its" ya% bísó:ya% bísó PRON-Pos-Biso ; ! "Ours, our" ya% bínó:ya% bínó PRON-Pos-Bino ; ! "Yours, your" (pl) ya% bangó:ya% bangó PRON-Pos-Bango ; ! "Theirs, their" yangó:yangó PRON-Yango ; ! Can be both demonstrative and inanimate personal óyo:óyo PRON-Oyo ; ! "This one" baóyo:baóyo PRON-Baoyo ; wâná:wâná PRON-Wana ; ! "That one" náni:náni PRON-Nani ; ! "Who?" banáni:banáni PRON-Banani ; ! "Who?" (pl) níni:níni PRON-Nini ; ! "What?" elóko% mókó:elóko% mókó PRON-EM ; ! "Something, one thing, anything" elóko% nyɔ́nsɔ:elóko% nyɔ́nsɔ PRON-EM; ! "Everything" songolo:songolo PRON-EM ; ! "Someone" (old Lingala) ! See https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%B3yo#Lingala ! Apparently "óyo" can agree in noun class, but this is contrary to mosto grammars (see ! Meeuswis, 2010). These will analyze with some tags since they appear in some literature, but ! probably would not want to generate these. Can revisit and add more robust support if that turns ! out not to be the case. óyo%%:baye PRON-Oyo ; ! óyo%%:moye PRON-Oyo ; ! óyo%%:miye PRON-Oyo ; ! óyo%%:liye PRON-Oyo ; ! óyo%%:maye PRON-Oyo ; ! óyo%%:eye PRON-Oyo ; ! óyo%%:biye PRON-Oyo ; ! óyo%%:iye PRON-Oyo ; ! óyo%%:loye PRON-Oyo ; ! óyo%%:boye PRON-Oyo ; ! ! See https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/yang%C3%B3 ! Apparently "yangó" can agree in noun class, but this is contrary to mosto grammars (see ! Meeuswis, 2010). These will analyze with some tags since they appear in some literature, but ! probably would not want to generate these. Can revisit and add more robust support if that turns ! out not to be the case. yangó%%:mwangó PRON-Yango; yangó%%:myangó PRON-Yango ; yangó%%:lyangó PRON-Yango ; yangó%%:mangó PRON-Yango ; yangó%%:byangó PRON-Yango ; yangó:%%lwangó PRON-Yango ; yangó%%:bwangó PRON-Yango ; LEXICON Determiners mosúsu:mosúsu Det-Ind ; ! "Other" ! In all of these, 'na' can be replaced by 'ya' na% ngáí:na% ngáí Det-Pos ; ! "My" na% yó:na% yó Det-Pos ; ! "Your" na% yé:na% yé Det-Pos ; ! "His, her, its" na% yě:na% yě Det-Pos ; ! "His, her, its" na% bísó:na% bísó Det-Pos ; ! "Our" na% bínó:na% bínó Det-Pos ; ! "Your" (pl) na% bangó:na% bangó Det-Pos ; ! "Their" LEXICON Prepositions na:na Prep-Suffix ; ! Many translations na% káti:na% káti Prep-Suffix ; ! Inside, between káti:káti Prep-Suffix ; ! Inside, between lokóla:lokóla Prep-Suffix ; ! "Like, as" o:o Prep-Suffix ; ! Used in Book of Mormon tíí:tíí Prep-Suffix ; ! "Up, until" tíí:téé Prep-Suffix ; ! "Up, until" (see tii above) Dir/LR libándá:libándá Prep-Suffix ; ! "Outside" libosó:libosó Prep-Suffix ; ! "Before" libosó% ya:libosó% ya Prep-Suffix ; ! "In front of" yambo:yambo Prep-Suffix ; ! "Before" zingazinga:zingazinga Prep-Suffix ; ! "Around" nzinga% nzinga:nzinga% nzinga Prep-Suffix ; ! Dir/LR nzinganzinga:nzinganzinga Prep-Suffix ; ! Dir/LR LEXICON Conjunctions bongo:bongo Conj-Coord-Suffix ; ! "So" kasi:kasi Conj-Coord-Suffix ; ! "But" mpé:mpé Conj-Coord-Suffix ; ! "And" mpɔ:mpɔ Conj-Coord-Suffix ; ! "For" mpó:mpó Conj-Coord-Suffix ; ! "For" na:na Conj-Coord-Suffix ; ! "And" pámba% te:pámba% te Conj-Coord-Suffix ; ! "Because" pe:pe Conj-Coord-Suffix ; ! "And" po:po Conj-Coord-Suffix ; ! "For" to:to Conj-Coord-Suffix ; ! "Or" zambi:zambi Conj-Coord-Suffix ; ! "For, because" soko:soko Conj-Subord-Suffix ; ! "If" soki:soki Conj-Subord-Suffix ; ! "If" (alternative spelling) ete:ete Conj-Subord-Suffix ; ! "That" tíí:tíí Conj-Coord-Suffix ; ! "Until" LEXICON Connective ya:ya Conn-Suffix ; o:o Conn-Suffix ; ! No exact meaning e:e Conn-Suffix ; ! Frequently used before a loan word. Also indicates the 3rd person ! See https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/ya#Lingala ! Also See http://www.lingref.com/cpp/acal/42/paper2778.pdf ! The many forms of ya are used for 'noun-preposition' agreement ! They are frequent in (old)Literature but uncommon in modern writings. ! Their use will be limited for analysis only. ya%%:wa Conn-Suffix ; ya%%:ba Conn-Suffix ; ya%%:mwa Conn-Suffix ; mya%%:mya Conn-Suffix ; ya%%:lya Conn-Suffix ; ya%%:ma Conn-Suffix ; ya%%:bya Conn-Suffix ; ya%%:la Conn-Suffix ; ya%%:bwa Conn-Suffix ; ya%%:za Conn-Suffix ; ! Frequently used in the corpus LEXICON Adverb atá:atá Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Even" atako:atako Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Even if" áwa:áwa Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Here" bandá:bandá Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Since" boye:boye Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Like this" ee:ee Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Yes" tɛ́:tɛ́ Adverb-Suffix ; ! "No" elongó:elongó Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Together" iyo:iyo Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Yes" káka:káka Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Only, still" se:se Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Still" kala:kala Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Once upon a time" kuna:kuna Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Over there" wâná:wâná Adverb-Suffix ; ! "There" kútu:kútu Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Rather, moreover" lelo:lelo Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Today" lobi:lobi Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Yesterday, tomorrow" Same word lisúsu:lisúsu Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Again" mbele:mbele Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Then" (only if soki "if" precedes it) mpenzá:mpenzá Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Really" nanu:nanu Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Already" neti:neti Adverb-Suffix ; ! "As if" malembe:malembe Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Slowly" kasi:kasi Adverb-Suffix ; ! "However" penzá:penzá Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Really, very" penepene:penepene Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Very close" sikawa:sikawa Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Now" (sikoyo is a synonym) sik'oyo:sik'oyo Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Now, immediately" wápi:wápi Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Where?" tangó:tangó Adverb-Suffix ; ! "When?" nsima:nsima Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Behind" boyé:boyé Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Thus, so" na% nsé:na% nsé Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Under" malámu:malámu Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Well" mpé:mpé Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Also" likólo:likólo Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Upstairs, up" mikɔlɔ% minso:mikɔlɔ% minso Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Always" libándá:libándá Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Outside" mikɔlɔ% nyɔ́nsɔ:mikɔlɔ% nyɔ́nsɔ Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Everyday" mokɔlɔ% mókó% tɛ́:mokɔlɔ% mókó% tɛ́ Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Never" bisíká% binso:bisíká% binso Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Everywhere" esíká% esusu:esíká% esusu Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Elsewhere" yambo:yambo Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Before" libosó:libosó Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Before" bobele:bobele Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Only, permanently" lobi% eleki:lobi% eleki Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Yesterday" míngi:míngi Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Too, very" noki:noki Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Quickly, immediately" kalakala:kalakala Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Also, already" mbele:mbele Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Almost" ntóngó% nyɔ́nsɔ:ntóngó% nyɔ́nsɔ Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Daily" mbala% míngi:mbala% míngi Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Often" mbala% mókó:mbala% mókó Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Once" ekoki:ekoki Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Enough" nye:nye Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Quite" boni:boni Adverb-Suffix ; ! "How" ndé:ndé Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Therefore" na% butú:na% butú Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Tonight" mbala% míbalé:mbala% míbalé Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Twice" pona% nini:pona% nini Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Why?" ndenge% nini:ndenge% nini Adverb-Suffix ; ! "How?" zingazinga:zingazinga Adverb-Suffix ; ! "Around" nzinga% nzinga:nzinga% nzinga Prep-Suffix ; ! Dir/LR nzinganzinga:nzinganzinga Adverb-Suffix ; ! Dir/LR LEXICON YesNo tɛ́:tɛ́ Neg-Suffix ; ! "No" LEXICON Numerals mókó%%:mókó COMMON-Suffix ; ! "One" (has different cardinal form) libosó%%:libosó COMMON-Suffix ; ! "First" míbalé:míbalé Numeral-Suffix ; ! "Two" mísáto:mísáto Numeral-Suffix ; ! "Three mínei:mínei Numeral-Suffix ; ! "Four" mítáno:mítáno Numeral-Suffix ; ! "Five" motóbá:motóba Numeral-Suffix ; ! "Six" sambo:sambo Numeral-Suffix ; ! "Seven" mwambe:mwambe Numeral-Suffix ; ! "Eight" libwá:libwá Numeral-Suffix ; ! "Nine" zómi:zómi Numeral-Suffix ; ! "Ten" túkú:túkú Numeral-Suffix ; ! "A ten" kámá:kámá Numeral-Suffix ; ! "A hundred" nkámá:nkámá Numeral-Suffix ; ! Dir/LR LEXICON Quantifiers ebelé:ebelé Quant-Suffix ; ! "Many" míngi:míngi Quant-Suffix ; ! "A lot of" moké:moké Quant-Suffix ; ! "A bit, few" nyɔ́nsɔ:nyɔ́nsɔ Quant-Suffix ; ! "Each, all" LEXICON FocusMarkers ndé:ndé Focus-Suffix ; ! "Focus marker with 'copula capacity'" LEXICON Interjections aleluya:aleluya Interjection-Suffix ; ! "Hallelujah" LEXICON LoanWords ! These words frequently appear in the corpus but rarely in literature ! They are uncommented specifically for coverage analysis bapolice%%:bapolice COMMON-Suffix ; ! "Police" de%:de COMMON-Suffix ; ! "Of" (French) des%des COMMON-Suffix ; ! "Of" (French) du%:du COMMON-Suffix ; ! "Of" (French) le%%%:du COMMON-Suffix ; ! "The" (French) les%%%:du COMMON-Suffix ; ! "The" (French) mersi%%:mersi COMMON-Suffix ; ! "Thanks" région%%:région COMMON-Suffix ; ! "Region" politiki%%:politiki COMMON-Suffix ; ! "Policy" fɛ́tí%%:fɛ́tí COMMON-Suffix ; ! "Party" letá%%:letá COMMON-Suffix ; ! "State" lopitalo%%:lopitalo COMMON-Suffix ; ! "Hospital" au%:au COMMON-Suffix ; ! "At, to" (French) cas%%:cas COMMON-Suffix ; ! "Case" pápa%%:pápa COMMON-Suffix ; ! "Father" radio%%:radio COMMON-Suffix ; ! "Radio" LEXICON Irregular ! Class 1 mwa to ba %[%-sg%]mwana:mwana I-II-Suffix ; ! "Child" %[%-pl%]mwana:bana I-II-Suffix ; %[%-sg%]mwasi:mwasi I-II-Suffix ; ! "Girl, daughter, wife" %[%-pl%]mwasi:basi I-II-Suffix ; ! Class 1 plural only %[%-pl%]banzambe:banzambe I-II-Suffix ; ! "Gods" ! Class 5 li to mi instead of ma when root starts with i %[%-sg%]liso:liso V-VI-Suffix ; ! "Eye" %[%-pl%]liso:miso V-VI-Suffix ; ! Class 7 no singular %[%-pl%]bilei:bilei VII-VIII-Suffix ; ! "Food" ! Class 11 lo to nd %[%-sg%]loléngé:loléngé XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Method" %[%-pl%]loléngé:ndéngé XI-VI-Suffix ; ! Class 11 lo to ns %[%-sg%]losámbo:losámbo XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Prayer" %[%-pl%]losámbo:nsámbo XI-VI-Suffix ; ! Class 11 lo to m %[%-sg%]lobángu:lobángu XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Speed" %[%-pl%]lobángu:mbángu XI-VI-Suffix ; ! Class 11 lo to n %[%-sg%]lokótá:lokótá XI-VI-Suffix ; ! "Language, dialect" %[%-pl%]lokóta:nkóta XI-VI-Suffix ; %[%-pl%]lokásá:nkásá XI-VI-Suffix ; ! Dir/LR ! Class 14 bw %[%-sg%]bwányá:bwányá XIV-Suffix ; ! "Wisdom" LEXICON Tentative mauti%%:mauti COMMON-Suffix ; ! Translated "which", so guess a relative pronoun. Need to confirm. boye%%:boye COMMON-Suffix ; ! "Often takes the translation "this" before a quote, so guessing this can act as a demonstrative pronoun. asi%:asi COMMON-Suffix ; ! "Seems to come before verbs sometimes. Unclear exactly how it affects meaning" See https://glosbe.com/ln/en/asi bosi%:bosi COMMON-Suffix ; ! Also seems to come before verbs sometimes. Unclear exactly how it affects meaning. esi%:esi COMMON-Suffix ; ! "Seems to come before verbs sometimes. Unclear exactly how it affects meaning" LEXICON Punctuation .%:. # ; ..%:.. # ; ...%:... # ; %;%:%; # ; %:%:%: # ; %!%:%! # ; %-%:%- # ; %—%:%— # ; ,%:, # ; %?%:%? # ; %'%:%' # ; %"%:%" # ; %«%:%« # ; %»%:%» # ; %”%:%” # ; %“%:%“ # ; %(%:%( # ; %]%:%] # ; %[%:%[ # ; %)%:%) # ; \%:\ # ; /%:/ # ; ! Resources: ! http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Starting_a_new_language_with_HFST#Lexicon ! http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Lttoolbox_and_lexc ! http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-specific_conventions_for_lexc ! https://kitwiki.csc.fi/twiki/bin/view/KitWiki/HfstHome ! http://hfst.sourceforge.net/ ! http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~cis639/docs/lexc.html ! http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Hfst