# Morphological Transducer for Munsee # Part of speech categories # # Noun # # Proper Noun # # Anthroponym (First Names) # # Verb # # Intransitive Verb # # Transitive Verb # # Adjective # # Adverb # # Numeral # # Animate Noun # # Inanimate Noun # # Pronoun # # Demonstrative # # Auxiliary Verb # # Modal word # # Determiner # # Coordinating conjunction # # Subordinating conjunction # # Reflexive # # Emphatic # # Interjection # # Sentence-ending punctuation # # Hyphen # # Comma # # Apostrophe # # Quotation mark # # Left quotation mark # # Right quotation mark # # Left parenthesis # # Right parenthesis # Number morphology # # Plural # # Singular # Grammatical Person # # Personal # # First Person # # Second Person # # Third Person # Subject Marking # # First person singular subject # # Second person singular subject # # Third person singular subject # # First person plural subject # # Second person plural subject # # Third person plural subject # Object Marking # # First person singular object # # Second person singular object # # Third person singular object # # First person plural object # # Second person plural object # # Third person plural object # # singular object # # plural object # # obviative # Possession # # First person singular possessive # # Second person singular possessive # # Third person singular possessive # # First person plural possessive (exclusive) # # First person plural possessive (inclusive) # # Second person plural possessive # # Third person plural possessive # Miscellaneous Suffix Tags # # Absence # # Meat of # # Locative # # Negative # Other symbols # > # Morpheme boundary ############################################################################### ### M O R P H O T A C T I C S ### ############################################################################### PATTERNS ## Example inflection pattern: # NounRoot RegNounInfl Animate-Nouns Inanimate-Nouns Intransitive-Animate-Verbs Intransitive-Inanimate-Verbs Transitive-Animate-Verbs Transitive-Inanimate-Verbs Number Punctuation Adjectives Pronouns Adverbs Coord-Conj #Sub-Conj Emphatics Modal-Words Determiner Demonstratives Interjections Imperative PATTERN Animate-Nouns :Animate-N-Infl(1) Animate-N-Stems [:] Animate-N-Infl(2) Absence-Infl? Locative-Infl? :Animate-N-Infl(1) Proper-Nouns(1) [:] Proper-Nouns(2) Animate-N-Infl(2) Absence-Infl? Locative-Infl? PATTERN Inanimate-Nouns :Inanimate-N-Infl(1) Inanimate-N-Stems [:] Inanimate-N-Infl(2) Locative-Infl? PATTERN Intransitive-Animate-Verbs :Intransitive-Animate-V-Infl(1) Intransitive-Animate-V-Stems [:] Intransitive-Animate-V-Infl(2) PATTERN Intransitive-Inanimate-Verbs :Intransitive-Inanimate-V-Infl(1) Intransitive-Inanimate-V-Stems [:] Intransitive-Inanimate-V-Infl(2) PATTERN Transitive-Animate-Verbs :Transitive-Animate-V-Infl(1) Transitive-Animate-V-Stems [:] Transitive-Animate-V-Infl(2) PATTERN Transitive-Inanimate-Verbs :Transitive-Inanimate-V-Infl(1) Transitive-Inanimate-V-Stems [:] Transitive-Inanimate-V-Infl(2) PATTERN Imperative Intransitive-Animate-V-Stems [:] VAI-Imperative-Infl Transitive-Animate-V-Stems [:] VTA-Imperative-Infl # QUESTION: Unstable vs stable verb stems (how do we tell them apart and should we bother)? Seems important for twol rules. # QUESTION: Can we make a twol rule only apply to verbs? # QUESTION: Verb class VTAO worth adding? --> very little on Munsee Grammar # QUESTION: For final project- how many verb phrases is sufficient? 50? PATTERN Pronouns Pronoun-Stems [:] Pronoun-Infl LEXICON Animate-N-Infl(2) # Non-Plural Animate Nouns : : # Plural Animate Nouns : :>ak # TODO: consider just using the ? instead of Dir/LR # Singular Possessor, Singular Possessed Quantity :{N}{t}{U}> :>um :{N}{t}{U}> : :k{t}{U}> :>um #Dir/LR :k{t}{U}> : :w{t}{U}> :>um #Dir/LR :w{t}{U}> : # Plural Possessor, Singular Possessed Quantity :n{t}{U}> :>um>una #Dir/LR :n{t}{U}> :>una :k{t}{U}> :>um>una #Dir/LR :k{t}{U}> :>una :{N}{t}{U}> :>um>uwa #Dir/LR :{N}{t}{U}> :>uwa :{k}{t}{U}> :>um>uwaawal #Dir/LR :{k}{t}{U}> :>uwaawal # Singular Possessor, Plural Possessed Quantity :{N}{t}{U}> :>um>ak #Dir/LR :{N}{t}{U}> :>ak :k{t}{U}> :>um>ak #Dir/LR :k{t}{U}> :>ak :w{t}{U}> :>um>al #Dir/LR :w{t}{U}> :>al # Plural Possessor, Plural Possessed Quantity :{N}{t}{U}> :>um>una #Dir/LR :{N}{t}{U}> :>una :k{t}{U}> :>um>una #Dir/LR :k{t}{U}> :>una :{N}{t}{U}> :>um>uwa #Dir/LR :{N}{t}{U}> :>uwa :{k}{t}{U}> :>um>uwaawal #Dir/LR :{k}{t}{U}> :>uwaawal # Obviatives : :>al LEXICON Inanimate-N-Infl(2) # Non-Plural Inanimate Nouns : : # Plural Inanimate Nouns : :>al # Singular Possessor, Singular Possessed Quantity :{N}{t}{U}> :>um #Dir/LR :{N}{t}{U}> : :k{t}{U}> :>um #Dir/LR :k{t}{U}> : :w{t}{U}> :>um #Dir/LR :w{t}{U}> :> # Plural Possessor, Singular Possessed Quantity :{N}{t}{U}> :>um>una #Dir/LR :{N}{t}{U}> :>una :{N}{t}{U}> :>um>una #Dir/LR :{N}{t}{U}> :>una :k{t}{U}> :>um>uwa #Dir/LR :k{t}{U}> :>uwa :w{t}{U}> :>um>uwaawal #Dir/LR :w{t}{U}> :>uwaawal # Singular Possessor, Plural Possessed Quantity :{N}{t}{U}> :>um>al #Dir/LR :{N}{t}{U}> :>al :k{t}{U}> :>um>al #Dir/LR :k{t}{U}> :>al :w{t}{U}> :>um>uwa #Dir/LR :w{t}{U}> :>uwa # Plural Possessor, Plural Possessed Quantity :{N}{t}{U}> :>um>una #Dir/LR :{N}{t}{U}> :>una :{N}{t}{U}> :>um>una #Dir/LR :{N}{t}{U}> :>una :k{t}{U}> :>um>uwa #Dir/LR :k{t}{U}> :>uwa :w{t}{U}> :>um>uwaawal #Dir/LR :w{t}{U}> :>uwaawalmŭtáanheew LEXICON Locative-Infl :>ung :>eeng :>iing :>oong LEXICON Absence-Infl :>áya LEXICON Intransitive-Inanimate-V-Infl(2) # Intransitive Inanimate Verbs : :>{Z} # no w for consonant-ending stems : :>{W}{A}l # consonant endings take -ool NEED TWOL RULE # Negative VIIs : :>{o}{o}wi : :>{o}{o}wiiwal # consonant endings take oo LEXICON Intransitive-Animate-V-Infl(2) :{N}{t}{U}> :>{m} :{N}{t}{U}> : # Dir/LR :{k}{t}{U}> :>{m} :{k}{t}{U}> :> # Dir/LR : :>{Z} :{N}{t}{U}> :>{ó}hna :{k}{t}{U}> :>{ó}hna :{k}{t}{U}> :>{ó}hmwa : :>{W}{A}k # Stem ending in vowels - oo for consonants # Negative VAIs :{N}{t}{U}> :>{o}{o}wi :{k}{t}{U}> :>{o}{o}wi : :>{o}{o}wi :{N}{t}{U}> :>{o}{o}wíhna :{k}{t}{U}> :>{o}{o}wíhna :{k}{t}{U}> :>{o}{o}wíhmwa : :>{o}{o}wíiwak LEXICON Transitive-Inanimate-V-Infl(2) # Transitive Inanimate Verbs w/ Noun Object :{N}{t}{U}> :>{m} :{N}{t}{U}> : # Dir/LR :{k}{t}{U}> :>{m} :{k}{t}u> :>{m} # Dir/LR :{k}{t}ŭ> :>{m} # Dir/LR :{k}{t}{U}> : # Dir/LR :{k}{t}u> : # Dir/LR :{k}{t}ŭ> : # Dir/LR : :>{Z} :{N}{t}{U}> :>{ó}hna :{k}{t}{U}> :>{ó}hna :{k}{t}u> :>{ó}hna # Dir/LR :{k}{t}ŭ> :>{ó}hna # Dir/LR :{k}{t}{U}> :>{ó}hmwa :{k}{t}u> :>{ó}hmwa # Dir/LR :{k}{t}ŭ> :>{ó}hmwa # Dir/LR : :>{W}{A}k # Transitive Inanimate Verbs w/ Singular Object :{N}{t}{U}> :>{u}n :{k}{t}{U}> :>{u}n :{k}{t}u> :>{u}n # Dir/LR :{k}{t}ŭ> :>{u}n # Dir/LR :{w}{t}{U}> :>{u}n :{N}{t}{U}> :>{u}>neen :{k}{t}{U}> :>{u}>neen :{k}{t}u> :>{u}>neen # Dir/LR :{k}{t}ŭ> :>{u}>neen # Dir/LR :{k}{t}{U}> :>{u}>neewa :{k}{t}u> :>{u}>neewa # Dir/LR :{k}{t}ŭ> :>{u}>neewa # Dir/LR :{w}{t}{U}> :>{u}>neewa # Transitive Inanimate Verbs w/ Plural Object :{N}{t}{U}> :>{u}{'}n>al :{k}{t}{U}> :>{u}{'}n>al :{w}{t}{U}> :>{u}{'}n>al :{N}{t}{U}> :>{u}{'}>neen :{k}{t}{U}> :>{u}{'}>neen :{k}{t}{U}> :>{u}{'}>ne{'}ewa :{w}{t}{U}> :>{u}{'}>ne{'}ewa # NEED NEGATIVES LEXICON Transitive-Animate-V-Infl(2) # WE HAVE NOT ACCOUNTED FOR FIRST AND SECOND PERSON OBJECTS # Transitive Animate Verbs w/ Singular Object :{N}{t}{U}> :>aaw :{N}{t}{U}> :>a :{k}{t}{U}> :>aaw :{k}{t}{U}> :>a :{w}{t}{U}> :>aawal :{N}{t}{U}> :>aawuna :{k}{t}{U}> :>aawuna :{k}{t}{U}> :>aawa :{w}{t}{U}> :>aawaawal :{w}{t}{U}> :>aawal # Negatives: VTAs w/ Singular Object :{N}{t}{U}> :>aawi :{k}{t}{U}> :>aawi :{w}{t}{U}> :>aawiiwal :{N}{t}{U}> :>aawiiwuna :{k}{t}{u}> :>aawiiwuna :{k}{t}{U}> :>aawiiwa :{w}{t}{U}> :>aawiiwaawal # Transitive Animate Verbs w/ Plural Object :{N}{t}{U}> :>aawak :{k}{t}{U}> :>aawak :{w}{t}{U}> :>aawal :{N}{t}{U}> :>aawuna :{k}{t}{U}> :>aawuna :{k}{t}{U}> :>aawa :{w}{t}{U}> :>aawaawal # Negatives: VTAs w/ Plural Object :{N}{t}{U}> :>aawiiwak :{k}{t}{U}> :>aawiiwak :{w}{t}{U}> :>aawiiwal :{N}{t}{U}> :>aawiiwuna :{k}{t}{U}> :>aawiiwuna :{k}{t}{U}> :>aawiiwa :{w}{t}{U}> :>aawiiwaawal ### IMPERATIVES ### LEXICON VAI-Imperative-Infl :>{l}{i}{h} :>{o}{o}kw :>{o}{o}tookw LEXICON VTA-Imperative-Infl :>iil : : :>iikw :>ooh :>ooh :>iineen :>aatookw :>aatookw LEXICON Pronoun-Infl :>iik :>iil :>iil # problems # curly brackets on vowels on the RIGHT side of the colon # all things with prefixes don't know that they must be possessed!! # determiners??? # Questions # What are the ? and Dir/LR doing? Do we need both? # What corpus.txt # spellrelax vs curly brackets # How to do twol rules and for what (not really any patterns, contractions?) ############################################################################### ### L E X I C O N ### ############################################################################### ## Example stem lexicon: # LEXICON NounRoot # house:house # A noun LEXICON Animate-N-Stems pámbiil:pa{'}mbi{'}il # "book" moonáhkeew:moona{'}hke{'}ew # "groundhog" pootaatíikan:pootaat{i}ikan # "horn" óohŭm:oohum # "grandmother" moxóomus:moxoom{u}s # "grandfather" míhtukw:miht{u}kw # "tree" oxkwéesus:oxkweesus # "girl" pehpáxkwuleesh:pehpaxkwuleesh # "flower" kóon:koon # "snow" níhkash:nihkash # "fingernail" kóowuy:koowuy # "cow" kóoshkoosh:kooshkoosh # "pig" atóh:atoh # "deer" nzhíis:nzhiis # "uncle" amiimunz:amiimunz # "child" amóxool:amoxool # "boat" ngúk:nguk # "my mother" (OBLIGATORY POSSESSIVE) meexalapóotiis:meexalapóotiis # "spider" néenaxkw:néenaxkw # "ball" máxkw:maxkw # "bear" óhpun:o{'}hpun # "potato" mwáakaneew:mwaakaneew # "dog" kíishooxkw:kíishooxkw # "sun" niipáahum:niipáahum # "moon" # ISSUE: WHAT TO DO WITH MANDATORY POSSESSIVES? LEXICON Inanimate-N-Stems # how t{n}use" mbúy:mbu{y} # "water" áanay:aana{y} # "road" síipuw:siipu{w} # "river" wtéehiim:wteehiim # "strawberry" áhpapoon:ahpapoon # "chair" máhksun:mahksun # "shoe" máhkahkw:mahkahkw # "pumpkin" kpahoon:kpahoon # "door" wchápihk:wchapihk # "medicine" mataawsuwáakan:mataawsuwaakan # "sin" ahkuy:ahkuy # "earth" kóot:koot # "coat" túndeew:tundeew # "fire" níil:niil # "my head" paxkshíikan:paxkshiikan # "knife" náxk:náxk # "hand" asún:asun # "rock" hulŭniixsuwáakan:hulŭniixsuwáakan # "Munsee" matantoowiineng:matantoowiineng # "hell" pépul:pepul # "pepper" puyool:puyool # "violin" LEXICON Intransitive-Inanimate-V-Stems wíinee:wiinee # "snow" páasii:paasii # "swell" wŭlút:w{ŭ}lu{'}t # "be nice, good" áhteew:ahteew # "be there" máxkee:ma{'}xke{'}e # "be red" lúngteew:lungteew # "melt" kshúteew:kshúteew # "be hot" kuliikwaasuw:kuliikwaasuw # "sewn" chahkwéeshuw:chahkweeshuw # "be short" # what about starting consonants that contract with prefixes? LEXICON Intransitive-Animate-V-Stems kawíi:ka{'}wi{'}i # "sleep" alóhkee:alo{'}hk{e}e # "work" mataawsu:mataawsu # "lead a wicked life, sin" shiinzuw:shiinzuw # "be named" kulooneew:kulooneew # "lie" wulaawsuw:wulaawsuw # "be holy" manoongsuw:manoongsuw # "be angry" ehkwi-pumaawsuw:ehkwi-pumaawsuw # "die" manihleew:manihleew # "die" liitéeheew:liiteeheew # "think" uw:uw # "say" alúmsuw:alumsuw # "leave, go off" lpákw:lpakw # "cry" apii:ap{I}{I} # "be there" máxksuw:máxksuw # "be red with cold" shungíixiin:shungi{'}ixiin # "lie down" níimaa:ni{'}im{a}{'}a # "bring lunch" ndúpuw:ndupuw # "cook" naxkóohŭmeew:naxkóohŭmeew # "sing" sŭluskóonzheew:sŭlusko{'}onzheew # "have many children" tŭmushíikee:tŭmu{'}shi{'}ikee # "cut the grass" saaláakhe:saalaakhe # "cut logs" kaatxákhwe:kaatxakhwe # "cut cordwood" piinjiipáhtoo:piinjiipáhtoo # "hurry inside" kúndkee:ku{'}ndkee # "dance" pŭmáashŭwihl:pumaashuwihl # "swim" píilsuw:piilsuw # "be clean" alakweelúndam:alakweelundam # "be sorry" pumúsuw:pumusuw # "walk" LEXICON Transitive-Inanimate-V-Stems néem:ne{'}em # "see" míichii:mi{'}ich{I}{'}{I} # "eat" katáatam:k{ʍ}ata{'}atam # "want" pundam:pundam # "hear" kpáham:k{ʍ}{ù}p{a}{'}ha{'}m # "shut, close" péetoo:pe{'}et{O}o # "bring" tawúnum:tawúnum # "open" kwutúmun:kwutumun # "feel for" kŭlústam:kulustam # "listen" kwíilam:kwiilam # "look for (something)" pŭmutáachiind:pumutaachiind # "drag something along" peettáachiind:peettáachiind # "drag to here" lóngwaam:longwaam # "dream about something" mŭláam:mulaam # "smell something" wund:wund # "get from somewhere" ktáam:ktaam # "eat up" mŭnée:mu{'}ne{'}e # "drink" msháatam:mshaatam # "remember" wulàmalúsuw:wulàmalúsuw # "feel well" lŭnúm:lŭnu{'}m # "do" wihkwíhlee:wihkwihl{AE}{AE} # "run out" kxánuw:{K}xa{'}n{I}{I} # "have" LEXICON Transitive-Animate-V-Stems néewaa:ne{'}ew{AE}{AE} # "see" katáaleew:kataalee{w} # "want someone" kumootkeew:kumootkeew # "steal" ahwaaleew:ahwaaleew # "love" ngaleew:ngaleew # "leave behind" tumusheew:tumusheew # "cut" leew:leew # "tell" wiinamámeew:wiinamameew # "hurt, be sore in" wunjíimeew:wunjíimeew # "call, summon" wŭlustáweew:wulustaweew # "believe" takwapŭwáleew:takwapuwaleew # "marry" leekhámaweew:leekhámaweew # "write" mŭtáanheew:mutaanheew # "bewitch, influence" móxkaweew:moxkaweew # "find" LEXICON Adjective-Stems waapii:waapii # "white" wiisaawii:wiisaawii # "yellow" maxkii:maxkii # "red" nzukii:nzukii # "black" chiipii:chiipii # "terrible" PATTERN Adjectives Adjective-Stems [:] LEXICON Pronoun-Stems aween:aween # "person" kweekw:kweekw # "thing" ktakan:ktakan # "the other" LEXICON Adverb-Stems laawate:laawate # "long ago" moxa:moxa # "very" nal:nal # "then" shaa:~shaa # "immediately" NEEDS A TWOL RULE Dir/RL shaa:shaa # "immediately" Dir/LR shaa:shaaw # "immediately" Dir/LR alaami:alaami # "inside" PREPOSITION mehch:mehch # "now" ngumee:ngumee # "always" njihnal:njihnal # "more" kway:kway # "now" máash:maash # "like, as if" msúchee:msúchee # "hardly, at all" kehla:kehla # "really" aashtee:aashtee # "instead, next, then" piht:piht # "maybe" peech:peech # "here" taas:taas # "one time" ngwutun:ngwutun # "once" njihnal:njihnal # "more" mah:mah # "no, not, negative" péhkiik:pehkiik # "eventually, reluctantly" nxoo:nxoo # "alone" PATTERN Adverbs Adverb-Stems [:] LEXICON Coordinating-Conjunctions waak:waak # "and" shukw:shukw # "but" PATTERN Coord-Conj Coordinating-Conjunctions [:] #LEXICON Subordinating-Conjunctions #PATTERN Sub-Conj #Subordinating-Conjunctions [:] LEXICON Emphatic-Stems ang:ang # Emphatic há:ha # Emphatic PATTERN Emphatics Emphatic-Stems [:] [há:ha] LEXICON Interjection kwaachund:kwaachund # "goodness!" PATTERN Interjections Interjection [:] LEXICON Modals uch:uch # "will"; future modal word PATTERN Modal-Words Modals [:] LEXICON Animate-Demonstratives(2) ya:ya : # "this" wa:wa : # "this" wan:wan : # "this" yook:yook : # "these" na:na : # "that" nan:nan : # "that" niik:niik : # "those" LEXICON Inanimate-Demonstratives(2) yu:yu : # "this" yoon:yoon : # "this" yool:yool : # "these" nu:nu : # "that" nun:nun : # "that" níil:níil : # "those" PATTERN Demonstratives Animate-Demonstratives(1) [:] Animate-Demonstratives(2) Inanimate-Demonstratives(1) [:] Inanimate-Demonstratives(2) Animate-Demonstratives(1) [:] Animate-Demonstratives(2) Inanimate-Demonstratives(1) [:] Inanimate-Demonstratives(2) LEXICON Determiners weemĭ:weemĭ # "all" PATTERN Determiner Determiners [:] LEXICON Proper-Nouns(2) Noah:Noah : # "Noah" Pahtamawaas:Pahtamawaas : # "God" Jesus:Jesus : # "Jesus" Christ:Christ : # "Christ" Máaliish:Máaliish : # "Molly" Méeliish:Méeliish : # "Mary" PATTERN Number Numeral [:] LEXICON Numeral /([0123456789])+/ /([0123456789])+[.,]([0123456789])+/ ngwut:ngwut # "one" níisha:niisha # "two" nxáh:nxah # "three" néewa:neewa # "four" náalan:náalan # "five" LEXICON Punctuation .:. ..:.. ...:... ;:; \::\: !:! -:- —:— ,:, ?:? ':' ":" «:« »:» ”:” “:“ (:( \]:\] \[:\[ ):) \\:\\ \/:\/ # Resources: # https://github.com/apertium/lexd/blob/master/Usage.md # https://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/List_of_symbols # https://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Starting_a_new_language_with_HFST#Lexicon # https://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Lttoolbox_and_lexc # https://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-specific_conventions_for_lexc # https://kitwiki.csc.fi/twiki/bin/view/KitWiki/HfstHome # https://github.com/hfst/ # https://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Hfst