specification: API Commons Rate Limits
specificationVersion: '0.1'
schema: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/api-evangelist/interface-research/main/schema/api-commons.yml#/$defs/RateLimits
provider: Google BigQuery
providerId: google-bigquery
created: '2026-05-04'
# Provenance stamped 2026-08-11: this artifact was written by the API Evangelist
# bulk sweep dated 2026-05-04, not harvested from the provider. See roadmap#35.
method: generated
modified: '2026-05-05'
reconciled: true
tags:
  - Data Warehouse
  - Analytics
  - Google Cloud
  - SQL
  - Rate Limiting
description: BigQuery enforces a layered set of quotas - per-project concurrent query/job counts, per-user/project
  query rate limits, table operation ceilings, streaming insert and Storage Write API throughput, and
  daily caps on certain destructive operations. Most quotas can be raised via Cloud Console quota requests
  for production workloads. The numbers below are the public defaults from the BigQuery quotas reference;
  always check the live page for the most current value for your region.
sources:
  - https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/quotas
  - https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/quotas
responseCodes:
  throttled: 429
  quotaExceeded: 403
  serverError: 500
limits:
  - name: Concurrent interactive queries
    scope: project
    metric: concurrent_requests
    limit: 100
    notes: On-demand interactive queries; reservation slots have separate concurrency.
  - name: Concurrent legacy SQL queries
    scope: project
    metric: concurrent_requests
    limit: 100
  - name: Daily query usage
    scope: project
    metric: TB_per_day
    limit: see quotas page
    notes: Configurable custom cost control on bytes billed per day.
  - name: API requests per user
    scope: user/project
    metric: requests_per_second
    limit: 100
    timeFrame: second
  - name: Load jobs per table per day
    scope: table
    metric: jobs_per_day
    limit: 1500
    timeFrame: day
  - name: Load jobs per project per day
    scope: project
    metric: jobs_per_day
    limit: 100000
    timeFrame: day
  - name: Copy jobs per table per day
    scope: table
    metric: jobs_per_day
    limit: 100
    timeFrame: day
  - name: Copy jobs per project per day
    scope: project
    metric: jobs_per_day
    limit: 100000
    timeFrame: day
  - name: Export jobs per project per day
    scope: project
    metric: jobs_per_day
    limit: 100000
    timeFrame: day
  - name: Streaming insert rows per second per project (US/EU multi-region)
    scope: project
    metric: rows_per_second
    limit: see quotas page
    timeFrame: second
  - name: Storage Write API throughput per project (US/EU)
    scope: project
    metric: bytes_per_second
    limit: 3000000000
    timeFrame: second
    notes: 3 GB/s default in US/EU multi-region; can be raised.
  - name: Storage Read API simultaneous streams
    scope: project
    metric: streams
    limit: see quotas page
  - name: Maximum row size (DML/streaming)
    scope: row
    metric: bytes
    limit: 104857600
    notes: 100 MB.
  - name: Maximum table column count
    scope: table
    metric: columns
    limit: 10000
  - name: Table operations per table per day (DML)
    scope: table
    metric: operations_per_day
    limit: 1500
    timeFrame: day
policies:
  - name: Quota raises
    description: Most quotas are soft and can be raised via the Google Cloud Console quotas page. Plan
      a 1-3 day lead time for review.
  - name: Backoff
    description: Implement exponential backoff with jitter on 429 / 403 quotaExceeded responses. Reservation-aware
      clients should respect slot capacity.
  - name: Reservation isolation
    description: When using capacity (Standard/Enterprise/Enterprise Plus) reservations, query concurrency
      is governed by allocated slots rather than the on-demand concurrent-query limit.
  - name: Streaming vs Storage Write
    description: Prefer the Storage Write API over the legacy streaming insert API for new work; it has
      higher throughput, lower cost, and supports exactly-once semantics.
maintainers:
  - FN: Kin Lane
    email: kin@apievangelist.com