specification: FinOps Framework
specificationVersion: '1.0'
schema: https://www.finops.org/framework/
provider: Oracle Database
providerId: oracle-database
created: '2026-05-04'
# Provenance stamped 2026-08-11: this artifact was written by the API Evangelist
# bulk sweep dated 2026-05-04, not harvested from the provider. See roadmap#35.
method: generated
modified: '2026-05-05'
reconciled: true
tags:
  - Database
  - Enterprise
  - FinOps
  - Cost Management
  - FOCUS
description: 'FOCUS-aligned FinOps for Oracle Database: perpetual per-Processor or per-Named-User-Plus
  licenses (with 22% annual support) for on-prem / self-hosted deployments, plus per-OCPU/ECPU-hour cloud-managed
  variants on OCI (license-included or BYOL). Options and Management Packs (Partitioning, Diagnostics
  Pack, Tuning Pack, etc.) are licensed separately and meaningfully drive total cost.'
sources:
  - https://www.oracle.com/database/pricing/
  - https://www.oracle.com/cloud/price-list/
alignedWith:
  framework: FinOps Foundation Framework
  frameworkUrl: https://www.finops.org/framework/
  dataSpec: FOCUS
  dataSpecVersion: '1.3'
  dataSpecUrl: https://focus.finops.org/focus-specification/v1-3/
publisherName: Oracle Corporation
serviceCategory: Database
billingModel:
  pricingCategory: Perpetual License + Support + Pay-As-You-Go (cloud) + BYOL
  billingFrequency: Annual (license/support); Monthly (cloud)
  billingCurrency: USD
  chargeCategories:
    - Purchase
    - Usage
    - Tax
    - Adjustment
focusColumns:
  ServiceName: Oracle Database
  ServiceCategory: Database
  ProviderName: Oracle
  PublisherName: Oracle Corporation
  InvoiceIssuerName: Oracle America, Inc.
  BillingCurrency: USD
meters:
  - name: processor_licenses
    unit: processor
    aggregation: max
    dimensions:
      - edition
      - environment
  - name: named_user_plus_licenses
    unit: NUP
    aggregation: max
    dimensions:
      - edition
      - environment
  - name: option_licenses
    unit: processor or NUP
    aggregation: max
    dimensions:
      - option
      - edition
  - name: management_pack_licenses
    unit: processor or NUP
    aggregation: max
    dimensions:
      - pack
  - name: annual_support
    unit: USD-year
    aggregation: sum
    dimensions:
      - contract
      - edition
  - name: cloud_db_ocpu_hours
    unit: OCPU-hour
    aggregation: sum
    dimensions:
      - service
      - region
      - byol
  - name: cloud_db_storage
    unit: GB-month
    aggregation: sum
    dimensions:
      - region
      - tier
principles:
  - name: Visibility
    description: Reconcile Oracle CSI / contract numbers against actual deployed processor counts; for
      cloud, use OCI Cost Analysis to track Database Cloud Service / Autonomous DB consumption per compartment.
  - name: Allocation
    description: Tag each licensed environment (prod, dr, test) and cloud DB instance with the consuming
      business unit; use OCI compartments to enforce allocation boundaries.
  - name: Optimization
    description: Convert under-utilized perpetual licenses to BYOL on OCI for ~70%+ savings; consolidate
      with Multitenant pluggable databases; right-size cloud DB shapes; remove unused Options and Management
      Packs (each one carries 22% support); for Autonomous DB, use Elastic Pools (up to ~87% off compute).
  - name: Accountability
    description: A named license-management owner reconciles Oracle audits and tracks LMS / certified
      processor counts; finance owns the annual support renewal. Cloud DB consumption is reviewed monthly
      against forecast.
maintainers:
  - FN: Kin Lane
    email: kin@apievangelist.com