name: Stellar Vocabulary
description: Core domain terms and concepts for the Stellar blockchain network and its APIs.
url: https://developers.stellar.org/vocab
terms:
  - term: account
    label: Account
    description: >-
      A fundamental unit on the Stellar network. Accounts hold balances of XLM and other assets,
      and all network activity originates from accounts. Each account has a unique public key (account ID)
      and requires a minimum XLM balance.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/learn/fundamentals/stellar-data-structures/accounts
    tags:
      - Core
      - Identity

  - term: asset
    label: Asset
    description: >-
      A representation of value on the Stellar network. Assets are identified by a code and an issuer
      account. The native asset is XLM (Lumens). Custom assets can represent fiat currencies, commodities,
      or any other value.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/learn/fundamentals/stellar-data-structures/assets
    tags:
      - Core
      - Finance

  - term: xlm
    label: XLM (Lumen)
    description: >-
      The native currency of the Stellar network. XLM is used to pay transaction fees and maintain
      minimum account balances (base reserve). 1 XLM = 10,000,000 stroops.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/learn/fundamentals/lumens
    tags:
      - Core
      - Currency

  - term: ledger
    label: Ledger
    description: >-
      A snapshot of all account balances and state on the Stellar network at a specific point in time.
      New ledgers are created approximately every 5 seconds when the network reaches consensus.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/learn/fundamentals/stellar-data-structures/ledgers
    tags:
      - Core
      - Blockchain

  - term: transaction
    label: Transaction
    description: >-
      An atomic unit of change to the Stellar ledger. Transactions contain one or more operations
      and must be signed by the source account before submission. Transactions either fully succeed
      or fully fail.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/learn/fundamentals/transactions
    tags:
      - Core
      - Blockchain

  - term: operation
    label: Operation
    description: >-
      An individual action within a transaction. Common operations include payment, create account,
      manage offer, change trust, and set options. A single transaction can contain up to 100 operations.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/learn/fundamentals/transactions/operations-and-transactions
    tags:
      - Core
      - Blockchain

  - term: horizon
    label: Horizon
    description: >-
      The primary REST API for the Stellar network, maintained by the Stellar Development Foundation.
      Horizon ingests and re-serves data from Stellar Core in a developer-friendly format. The public
      instance is available at https://horizon.stellar.org.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/data/apis/horizon
    tags:
      - API
      - Infrastructure

  - term: soroban
    label: Soroban
    description: >-
      The smart contract platform built into the Stellar network. Soroban allows developers to write
      and deploy WebAssembly smart contracts on Stellar. Contracts are written in Rust using the
      Soroban SDK.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/build/smart-contracts
    tags:
      - Smart Contracts
      - Blockchain

  - term: soroban-rpc
    label: Soroban RPC
    description: >-
      A JSON-RPC 2.0 interface for interacting with Soroban smart contracts. It supports simulating
      and submitting contract invocations, reading contract state, and streaming network events.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/data/rpc
    tags:
      - API
      - Smart Contracts

  - term: trustline
    label: Trustline
    description: >-
      A relationship between an account and an asset issuer that allows the account to hold that asset.
      Accounts must establish trustlines before holding non-native assets.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/learn/fundamentals/stellar-data-structures/accounts#trustlines
    tags:
      - Core
      - Finance

  - term: claimable-balance
    label: Claimable Balance
    description: >-
      An on-ledger holding of assets that can be claimed by designated accounts. Useful for sending
      assets to accounts that may not yet have trustlines established.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/learn/encyclopedia/claimable-balances
    tags:
      - Finance
      - Payments

  - term: liquidity-pool
    label: Liquidity Pool
    description: >-
      An automated market maker (AMM) pool on the Stellar DEX. Liquidity pools hold two assets in
      reserve and allow trading between them using a constant product formula.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/learn/encyclopedia/liquidity-on-stellar-sdex-liquidity-pools
    tags:
      - DEX
      - Finance

  - term: offer
    label: Offer
    description: >-
      A standing order on the Stellar DEX to trade one asset for another at a specified price ratio.
      Offers remain on the order book until filled, cancelled, or the account no longer has sufficient balance.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/learn/encyclopedia/sdex
    tags:
      - DEX
      - Finance

  - term: order-book
    label: Order Book
    description: >-
      A collection of all outstanding buy and sell offers for a specific asset pair on the Stellar DEX.
      The Horizon API provides real-time order book queries.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/data/apis/horizon/api-reference/get-order-book
    tags:
      - DEX
      - Finance

  - term: payment-path
    label: Payment Path
    description: >-
      A route through the Stellar DEX connecting two different assets for path payment operations.
      Horizon provides /paths endpoints to discover optimal exchange routes.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/data/apis/horizon/api-reference/list-strict-receive-payment-paths
    tags:
      - Payments
      - DEX

  - term: effect
    label: Effect
    description: >-
      A record of the specific changes that an operation made to the ledger. Effects are created
      for each operation and describe what actually changed (e.g., account credited, trustline created).
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/data/apis/horizon/api-reference/get-effects-for-account
    tags:
      - Blockchain
      - Data

  - term: fee-bump
    label: Fee Bump Transaction
    description: >-
      A special transaction type that wraps another transaction and pays its fees. Useful for
      sponsoring transaction fees on behalf of other accounts.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/learn/encyclopedia/transactions-specialized/fee-bump-transactions
    tags:
      - Transactions
      - Fees

  - term: cursor
    label: Cursor (Paging Token)
    description: >-
      A token used for cursor-based pagination in the Horizon API. Cursors enable efficient traversal
      of large result sets and are also used to position SSE streams.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/data/apis/horizon/structure/paging
    tags:
      - API
      - Pagination

  - term: sse
    label: Server-Sent Events (SSE)
    description: >-
      A real-time streaming protocol supported by Horizon. SSE connections allow applications to
      receive ledger updates, payments, transactions, and effects as they occur on the network.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/data/apis/horizon/structure/streaming
    tags:
      - API
      - Streaming

  - term: stroop
    label: Stroop
    description: >-
      The smallest unit of XLM. 1 XLM = 10,000,000 stroops. Transaction fees are denominated in stroops.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/learn/fundamentals/lumens
    tags:
      - Currency
      - Core

  - term: anchor
    label: Anchor
    description: >-
      A business or individual that bridges fiat currencies and Stellar assets. Anchors handle
      deposits and withdrawals between fiat and on-chain representations following SEP standards.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/learn/encyclopedia/network-configuration/anchors
    tags:
      - Finance
      - Infrastructure

  - term: sep
    label: SEP (Stellar Ecosystem Proposal)
    description: >-
      Interoperability standards for the Stellar ecosystem, analogous to Ethereum EIPs. SEPs define
      protocols for anchor integrations (SEP-6, SEP-24), cross-border payments (SEP-31), and more.
    url: https://github.com/stellar/stellar-protocol/tree/master/ecosystem
    tags:
      - Standards
      - Interoperability

  - term: sdp
    label: Stellar Disbursement Platform (SDP)
    description: >-
      An open-source tool built by the Stellar Development Foundation for organizations to make
      bulk payments to a group of recipients over the Stellar network. Supports wallet registration,
      disbursement campaigns, and CSV-based recipient management.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/platforms/stellar-disbursement-platform
    tags:
      - Platform
      - Payments

  - term: keypair
    label: Keypair
    description: >-
      A cryptographic key pair (public key + private key) used to identify and sign for a Stellar
      account. The public key serves as the account address; the private key signs transactions.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/learn/fundamentals/stellar-data-structures/accounts#account-id
    tags:
      - Security
      - Identity

  - term: xdr
    label: XDR (External Data Representation)
    description: >-
      The binary serialization format used by Stellar to encode transactions, ledger entries, and
      other network data. Transactions must be XDR-encoded before submission to Horizon or RPC.
    url: https://developers.stellar.org/docs/learn/encyclopedia/data-formats/xdr
    tags:
      - Data
      - Protocol