---
name: Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS — observed error semantics
description: >-
  Error responses actually returned by the institution's machine-readable surfaces on 2026-09-01.
  Recorded because the two dominant surfaces disagree about how failure is signalled — OAI-PMH
  carries protocol errors inside an HTTP 200, while the EPrints REST layer uses HTTP status.
generated: '2026-09-01'
modified: '2026-09-01'
method: probed
source: unauthenticated HTTP probes, 2026-09-01
errors:
  - surface: OAI-PMH
    request: https://utpedia.utp.edu.my/cgi/oai2?verb=BadVerb
    http_status: 200
    error_code: badVerb
    message: The value of the verb argument is not a legal OAI-PMH verb
    detail: >-
      Conformant OAI-PMH 2.0 behaviour. A client that reads only the HTTP status will treat this
      failure as a success — the error element must be parsed.
  - surface: OAI-PMH
    request: https://utpedia.utp.edu.my/cgi/oai2?verb=ListRecords
    http_status: 200
    error_code: badArgument
    message: Missing required argument 'metadataPrefix'
  - surface: EPrints REST
    request: https://utpedia.utp.edu.my/rest/eprint/99999999.xml
    http_status: 404
    error_code: null
    message: HTML not-found page, no machine-readable error body
    detail: >-
      Status code is correct; the body is a themed HTML page rather than a structured error
      document, so an agent gets no parseable reason.
  - surface: EPrints export / SWORD
    request: https://scholars.utp.edu.my/cgi/export/eprint/205/JSON/scholars-eprint-205.js
    http_status: 401
    error_code: null
    message: Apache default 401 Unauthorized page
  - surface: Moodle web services
    request: https://ulearn.utp.edu.my/webservice/rest/server.php
    http_status: 200
    error_code: invalidtoken
    message: Invalid token - token not found
    detail: >-
      Moodle also returns a structured failure at HTTP 200 — an EXCEPTION element of class
      core\exception\moodle_exception.
  - surface: Institutional website (SharePoint)
    request: https://www.utp.edu.my/.well-known/apis.json
    http_status: 200
    error_code: null
    message: SharePoint error page containing "File Not Found."
    detail: >-
      SOFT 404. The main site answers 200 to unknown paths under /.well-known/, so a presence
      check on this host is worthless without reading the body. No apis.json, llms.txt (404) or
      security.txt (500) exists.