This repository contains free resources to learn System Design concepts and prepare for interviews.
π Subscribe to my [AlgoMaster Newsletter](https://bit.ly/amghsd) and get a **FREE System Design Interview Handbook** in your inbox.
β
If you are new to System Design, start here: [System Design was HARD until I Learned these 30 Concepts](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/30-system-design-concepts)
## βοΈ Core Concepts
- [Scalability](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/scalability)
- [Availability](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/availability)
- [CAP Theorem](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/cap-theorem-explained)
- [Consistent Hashing](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/consistent-hashing-explained)
- [SPOF](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/system-design-how-to-avoid-single-point-of-failures)
- [Failover](https://www.druva.com/glossary/what-is-a-failover-definition-and-related-faqs)
- [Fault Tolerance](https://www.cockroachlabs.com/blog/what-is-fault-tolerance/)
## π Networking Fundamentals
- [OSI Model](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/osi)
- [IP Addresses](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/ip-address)
- [Domain Name System (DNS)](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/how-dns-actually-works)
- [Proxy vs Reverse Proxy](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/proxy-vs-reverse-proxy-explained)
- [HTTP/HTTPS](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/http-https)
- [TCP vs UDP](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/tcp-vs-udp)
- [Load Balancing](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/load-balancing-algorithms-explained-with-code)
- [Checksums](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/checksums)
## π API Fundamentals
- [APIs](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/what-is-an-api)
- [API Gateway](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/what-is-an-api-gateway)
- [WebSockets](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/websockets)
- [Webhooks](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/webhooks)
- [Idempotency](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/idempotency)
- [Rate limiting](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/rate-limiting-algorithms-explained-with-code)
- [API Design](https://abdulrwahab.medium.com/api-architecture-best-practices-for-designing-rest-apis-bf907025f5f)
## ποΈ Database Fundamentals
- [ACID Transactions](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/acid-transactions)
- [SQL vs NoSQL](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/sql-vs-nosql)
- [Database Indexes](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/indexing)
- [Database Sharding](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/sharding)
- [Data Replication](https://redis.com/blog/what-is-data-replication/)
- [Database Scaling](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/system-design-how-to-scale-a-database)
- [Databases Types](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/15-types-of-databases)
- [Bloom Filters](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/bloom-filters)
- [Database Architectures](https://www.mongodb.com/developer/products/mongodb/active-active-application-architectures/)
## β‘ Caching Fundamentals
- [Caching 101](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/what-is-caching)
- [Caching Strategies](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/caching-strategies)
- [Cache Eviction Policies](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/7-cache-eviction-strategies)
- [Distributed Caching](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/distributed-caching)
- [Content Delivery Network (CDN)](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/content-delivery-network-cdn)
## π Asynchronous Communication
- [Pub/Sub](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/pub-sub)
- [Message Queues](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/message-queues)
- [Change Data Capture (CDC)](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/change-data-capture-cdc)
## 𧩠Distributed System and Microservices
- [HeartBeats](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/heartbeats-in-distributed-systems)
- [Service Discovery](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/service-discovery-in-distributed-systems)
- [Consensus Algorithms](https://medium.com/@sourabhatta1819/consensus-in-distributed-system-ac79f8ba2b8c)
- [Distributed Locking](https://martin.kleppmann.com/2016/02/08/how-to-do-distributed-locking.html)
- [Microservices Guidelines](https://newsletter.systemdesign.one/p/netflix-microservices)
- [Gossip Protocol](http://highscalability.com/blog/2023/7/16/gossip-protocol-explained.html)
- [Circuit Breaker](https://medium.com/geekculture/design-patterns-for-microservices-circuit-breaker-pattern-276249ffab33)
- [Disaster Recovery](https://cloud.google.com/learn/what-is-disaster-recovery)
- [Distributed Tracing](https://www.dynatrace.com/news/blog/what-is-distributed-tracing/)
## ποΈ Architectural Patterns
- [Client-Server Architecture](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/client-server-architecture)
- [Microservices Architecture](https://medium.com/hashmapinc/the-what-why-and-how-of-a-microservices-architecture-4179579423a9)
- [Serverless Architecture](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/2edeb23b-cfa5-4b24-845e-3f6f7a39d162)
- [Event-Driven Architecture](https://www.confluent.io/learn/event-driven-architecture/)
- [Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Architecture](https://www.spiceworks.com/tech/networking/articles/what-is-peer-to-peer/)
## βοΈ System Design Tradeoffs
- [Top 15 Tradeoffs](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/system-design-top-15-trade-offs)
- [Vertical vs Horizontal Scaling](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/vertical-vs-horizontal-scaling)
- [Concurrency vs Parallelism](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/concurrency-vs-parallelism)
- [Long Polling vs WebSockets](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/long-polling-vs-websockets)
- [Batch vs Stream Processing](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/batch-processing-vs-stream-processing)
- [Stateful vs Stateless Design](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/stateful-vs-stateless-architecture)
- [Strong vs Eventual Consistency](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/strong-vs-eventual-consistency)
- [Read-Through vs Write-Through Cache](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/59cae60d-9717-4e20-a59e-759e370db4e5)
- [Push vs Pull Architecture](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/af5fe2fe-9a4f-4708-af43-184945a243af)
- [REST vs RPC](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/106604fb-b746-41de-88fb-60e932b2ff68)
- [Synchronous vs. asynchronous communications](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/aec1cebf-6060-45a7-8e00-47364ca70761)
- [Latency vs Throughput](https://aws.amazon.com/compare/the-difference-between-throughput-and-latency/)
## β
[How to Answer a System Design Interview Problem](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design-interviews/answering-framework)
## π» System Design Interview Problems
### Easy
- [Design URL Shortener like TinyURL](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design-interviews/design-url-shortener)
- [Design Autocomplete for Search Engines](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design-interviews/design-instagram)
- [Design Load Balancer](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design-interviews/design-load-balancer)
- [Design Content Delivery Network (CDN)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8zX0rue2Hic)
- [Design Parking Garage](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NtMvNh0WFVM)
- [Design Vending Machine](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D0kDMUgo27c)
- [Design Distributed Key-Value Store](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rnZmdmlR-2M)
- [Design Distributed Cache](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iuqZvajTOyA)
- [Design Authentication System](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uj_4vxm9u90)
- [Design Unified Payments Interface (UPI)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QpLy0_c_RXk)
### Medium
- [Design WhatsApp](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design-interviews/design-whatsapp)
- [Design Spotify](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design-interviews/design-spotify)
- [Design Instagram](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design-interviews/design-instagram)
- [Design Notification Service](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design-interviews/design-notification-service)
- [Design Distributed Job Scheduler](https://blog.algomaster.io/p/design-a-distributed-job-scheduler)
- [Design Tinder](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tndzLznxq40)
- [Design Facebook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-hjBGxuiEs)
- [Design Twitter](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wYk0xPP_P_8)
- [Design Reddit](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KYExYE_9nIY)
- [Design Netflix](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=psQzyFfsUGU)
- [Design Youtube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jPKTo1iGQiE)
- [Design Google Search](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CeGtqouT8eA)
- [Design E-commerce Store like Amazon](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EpASu_1dUdE)
- [Design TikTok](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z-0g_aJL5Fw)
- [Design Shopify](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEL4F_0J3l8)
- [Design Airbnb](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YyOXt2MEkv4)
- [Design Rate Limiter](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mhUQe4BKZXs)
- [Design Distributed Message Queue like Kafka](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iJLL-KPqBpM)
- [Design Flight Booking System](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsGcfVGvFSs)
- [Design Online Code Editor](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07jkn4jUtso)
- [Design an Analytics Platform (Metrics & Logging)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kIcq1_pBQSY)
- [Design Payment System](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=olfaBgJrUBI)
- [Design a Digital Wallet](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ijjIUeq6hE)
### Hard
- [Design Location Based Service like Yelp](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4lR_Va97cQ)
- [Design Uber](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=umWABit-wbk)
- [Design Food Delivery App like Doordash](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iRhSAR3ldTw)
- [Design Google Docs](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2auwirNBvGg)
- [Design Google Maps](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jk3yvVfNvds)
- [Design Zoom](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G32ThJakeHk)
- [Design Distributed Counter](https://systemdesign.one/distributed-counter-system-design/)
- [Design File Sharing System like Dropbox](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U0xTu6E2CT8)
- [Design Ticket Booking System like BookMyShow](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lBAwJgoO3Ek)
- [Design Distributed Web Crawler](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BKZxZwUgL3Y)
- [Design Code Deployment System](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0KGYwNbf-0)
- [Design Distributed Cloud Storage like S3](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmWtcgC96X8)
- [Design Distributed Locking Service](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v7x75aN9liM)
- [Design Slack](https://systemdesign.one/slack-architecture/)
- [Design Live Comments](https://systemdesign.one/live-comment-system-design/)
## π Courses
- [Master System Design](https://algomaster.io/learn/system-design/what-is-system-design)
## π Books
- [Designing Data-Intensive Applications](https://www.amazon.in/dp/9352135245)
## π© Newsletters
- [AlgoMaster Newsletter](https://blog.algomaster.io/)
## πΊ YouTube Channels
- [Tech Dummies Narendra L](https://www.youtube.com/@TechDummiesNarendraL)
- [Gaurav Sen](https://www.youtube.com/@gkcs)
- [codeKarle](https://www.youtube.com/@codeKarle)
- [ByteByteGo](https://www.youtube.com/@ByteByteGo)
- [System Design Interview](https://www.youtube.com/@SystemDesignInterview)
- [sudoCODE](https://www.youtube.com/@sudocode)
- [Success in Tech](https://www.youtube.com/@SuccessinTech/videos)
## π Must-Read Engineering Articles
- [How Discord stores trillions of messages](https://discord.com/blog/how-discord-stores-trillions-of-messages)
- [Building In-Video Search at Netflix](https://netflixtechblog.com/building-in-video-search-936766f0017c)
- [How Canva scaled Media uploads from Zero to 50 Million per Day](https://www.canva.dev/blog/engineering/from-zero-to-50-million-uploads-per-day-scaling-media-at-canva/)
- [How Airbnb avoids double payments in a Distributed Payments System](https://medium.com/airbnb-engineering/avoiding-double-payments-in-a-distributed-payments-system-2981f6b070bb)
- [Stripeβs payments APIs - The first 10 years](https://stripe.com/blog/payment-api-design)
- [Real time messaging at Slack](https://slack.engineering/real-time-messaging/)
## ποΈ Must-Read Distributed Systems Papers
- [Paxos: The Part-Time Parliament](https://lamport.azurewebsites.net/pubs/lamport-paxos.pdf)
- [MapReduce: Simplified Data Processing on Large Clusters](https://research.google.com/archive/mapreduce-osdi04.pdf)
- [The Google File System](https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/research.google.com/en//archive/gfs-sosp2003.pdf)
- [Dynamo: Amazonβs Highly Available Key-value Store](https://www.allthingsdistributed.com/files/amazon-dynamo-sosp2007.pdf)
- [Kafka: a Distributed Messaging System for Log Processing](https://notes.stephenholiday.com/Kafka.pdf)
- [Spanner: Googleβs Globally-Distributed Database](https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/research.google.com/en//archive/spanner-osdi2012.pdf)
- [Bigtable: A Distributed Storage System for Structured Data](https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/research.google.com/en//archive/bigtable-osdi06.pdf)
- [ZooKeeper: Wait-free coordination for Internet-scale systems](https://www.usenix.org/legacy/event/usenix10/tech/full_papers/Hunt.pdf)
- [The Log-Structured Merge-Tree (LSM-Tree)](https://www.cs.umb.edu/~poneil/lsmtree.pdf)
- [The Chubby lock service for loosely-coupled distributed systems](https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/research.google.com/en//archive/chubby-osdi06.pdf)
---
If you find this resource helpful, please give it a star βοΈ and share it with others!