{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "import numpy as np"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.DataFrame([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, None], columns=['foo'])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>foo</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.0</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>3.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
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       "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
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       "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
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       "   foo\n",
       "0  1.0\n",
       "1  2.0\n",
       "2  3.0\n",
       "3  4.0\n",
       "4  5.0\n",
       "5  NaN"
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     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
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    }
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   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    False\n",
       "1    False\n",
       "2    False\n",
       "3    False\n",
       "4     True\n",
       "5    False\n",
       "Name: foo, dtype: bool"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 5\n",
    "df['foo'] == a"
   ]
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  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    False\n",
       "1    False\n",
       "2    False\n",
       "3    False\n",
       "4    False\n",
       "5    False\n",
       "Name: foo, dtype: bool"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = np.nan\n",
    "df['foo'] == a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    False\n",
       "1    False\n",
       "2    False\n",
       "3    False\n",
       "4    False\n",
       "5    False\n",
       "Name: foo, dtype: bool"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
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   ],
   "source": [
    "a = None\n",
    "df['foo'] == a"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
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