/*
    Factorial is normally implemented as a function.
*/

function factorial(n)
{
    if (n == 0)
        return 1;
    else
        return n * factorial(n - 1);
}

print "Using the function:";
print "    2! = ", factorial(2);
print "    5! = ", factorial(5);
print "    14! = ", factorial(14);

/*
    In Katahdin we can implement it as an operator, even though there is no
    existing operator to overload, and the name is already in use for
    the not operator.
    
    Inheriting from UnaryExpression means that we have the same precedence
    as other unary operators. We could also inherit from Expression and set
    the precedence ourselves.
    
    We inherit from Expression or one of its subclasses so that our new syntax
    can fit in anywhere an Expression is expected.
*/

class FactorialExpression : UnaryExpression
{
    pattern
    {
        option leftRecursive;
        
        a:Expression "!"
    }
    
    method Get()
    {
        /*
            The operator is implemented in terms of the existing syntax.
        */
        
        return factorial(this.a.Get...());
    }
}

/*
    Immediately after defining the new syntax, we can use it, even within the
    same file.
*/

print "Using the syntax:";
print "    2! = ", 2!;
print "    5! = ", 5!;
print "    14! = ", 14!;

/*
    The syntax is on the same level as any built in syntax and can be used
    anywhere any other operator can.
*/

print "    (4! / 2)! = ", (4! / 2)!;

a = [3, 2, 3, 4, 7, 2, 8, 7, 3];
print "    a[3!]! = ", a[3!]!;