---
title: 计算机组成原理_输入输出系统
date: 9997-12-29
tags: [计算机,计算机基础,计算机组成]
---
输入输出系统笔记
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参考来源：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41523096/article/details/86517201
## 0.1. I/O设备与接口

![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117202932870.png)

<strong>接口</strong>   例如：声卡、显卡、网卡

![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117203057299.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117203620766.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

 

## 0.2. I/O设备与CPU传送数据的控制方式

![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117204440307.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70) 

![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117204528185.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117203324114.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117203907256.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117205100932.png)
 

## 0.3. 程序查询方式（很少被使用） <span style="color:#f33b45;">串行执行</span>

![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2019011720524851.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117205955749.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70) 

![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2019011721012623.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

## 0.4. 程序中断方式（ * CPU与慢速外设之间的传输）<span style="color:#f33b45;">并行执行</span>
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117210402366.png)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117210514267.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117210633454.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117210801539.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70) 

![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117211031350.png)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117211245867.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117211455780.png)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117211544222.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117214323296.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117214407398.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117214
853990.png)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117231647688.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

 

## 0.5. DMA方式 （ * 存储器与快速外设与之间的传输）   CPU和外设并行工作
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117232616609.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117234523132.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117234630242.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190117234744807.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190118000614143.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190118000723558.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190118001122140.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190118001241923.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190118001328993.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190118001632839.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190118001618447.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190118001745380.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNTIzMDk2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
## 0.6. 通道方式（大中型计算机）