Figure 3. Change in First Leaf Date Between 1951-1960 and 2014-2023,,
Source: EPA's Climate Change Indicators in the United States: www.epa.gov/climate-indicators,,
"Data source: Schwartz, 2024",,
Web update: June 2024,,
Units: degrees; degrees; days,,
,,
Latitude,Longitude,Change in first leaf date
30.88,-87.79,2.075
34.69,-86.88,6.55
30.55,-87.88,6.73015873
34.23,-87.64,-1.053571429
32.47,-87.23,2.873015873
34.29,-85.97,4.125
34.67,-86.05,1
34.57,-85.61,0.875
34.31,-112.17,-5.15
32.75,-109.12,-5.975
34.11,-109.86,-10.25
34.61,-111.84,-3.158730159
34.8,-109.89,-5.194444444
34.57,-112.43,-12.15
33.43,-111.92,-4.083333333
34.93,-112.81,-14.5
35.24,-112.19,-12.9047619
35.52,-111.37,-5.157142857
34.8,-92.84,7.714285714
35.83,-91.79,4.888888889
35.23,-93.17,3.458333333
34.05,-94.35,4.175
34.98,-91.5,-4.966666667
35.99,-92.72,7.625
36.43,-94.45,-9.066666667
33.71,-93.56,1.975
35.85,-90.66,8.128571429
34.6,-91.99,6.325
36.42,-92.92,9
34.39,-92.84,7.825
34.74,-90.77,-1.325
33.93,-93.85,-2.725
35.6,-91.27,7.375
34.96,-93.16,-4.625
34.23,-92.02,4.75
36.26,-90.97,8.583333333
33.82,-93.39,5.714285714
35.27,-91.72,5.571428571
34.47,-91.42,-5.475
35.25,-90.8,1.263888889
39.39,-120.09,-16.025
34.19,-118.35,-3.071428571
38.28,-120.31,-12.38888889
39.09,-120.95,-4.791666667
32.99,-116.59,-18.3
38.54,-121.78,-4.075
39.56,-120.82,-20.175
38.27,-122.07,-5.611111111
41.87,-120.16,-6.333333333
37,-119.71,-4.85
38.43,-122.86,-6.05
36.32,-119.64,-1.944444444
33.7,-115.63,-1.114285714
33.24,-116.76,-1.638888889
37.96,-119.78,-20.125
34.15,-115.12,-3.033333333
36.21,-121.14,-2.347222222
36.38,-119.03,-3.225
36.2,-119.05,-4.166666667
37.68,-121.75,-4.971428571
34.65,-120.45,-3.95
37.06,-120.87,-4.8
36.59,-121.86,-3.75
37.34,-121.63,-24.5
38.28,-122.26,-4.125
39.25,-121,-23.58571429
34.45,-119.23,-0.65
39.75,-122.2,-9.15
34.15,-118.14,-5.171428571
35.63,-120.69,-2.85
39.81,-120.47,-5.333333333
33.74,-117.87,-4.833333333
40.48,-124.1,-4.675
40.71,-122.42,-9.1
38.3,-122.46,-5
39.59,-122.53,-5.25
39.53,-121.16,-13.47619048
39.17,-120.14,-11.375
34.13,-116.04,-4.825
34.07,-118.44,-3.347222222
34.53,-117.29,-7
36.33,-119.3,-1.7
38.53,-121.98,-5
38.68,-121.79,-4.542857143
34.18,-118.57,-5.585714286
41.7,-122.64,-11.725
39.41,-105.48,1.771428571
39.99,-105.27,3.728571429
38.82,-106.13,-11.125
39.22,-105.28,-10.05714286
38.44,-107.56,-9.875
39.37,-106.19,-5.214285714
38.44,-106.76,-6.015873016
38.87,-106.98,0.222222222
37.69,-106.31,-7.527777778
39.62,-106.03,0.2
40.58,-105.09,-13.225
40.27,-105.83,-6.025
40.19,-105.87,-2.766666667
37.73,-105.51,-8.025
38.53,-106.97,-5.875
40.49,-107.25,-9.208333333
37.75,-107.1,-13.44285714
38.05,-102.13,2.05
40.55,-102.34,-3.414285714
39.49,-105.1,3.25
38.09,-102.63,-0.933333333
38.06,-103.22,-1.2
37.2,-108.49,-6.9
38.49,-107.88,-11.96666667
39.11,-108.35,-5
38.04,-103.69,0.357142857
40.49,-106.82,-4.925
38.82,-106.61,-2.775
37.95,-107.87,-1.675
37.38,-107.58,-9.85
40.74,-106.28,-0.025
37.63,-104.8,1.975
40.43,-105.21,-4.4
38.13,-105.47,-16.04166667
40.12,-102.72,-6.611111111
41.97,-73.22,-6.2
39.15,-75.51,-9.433333333
39.77,-75.54,-9
30.78,-85.55,3.7
27.44,-80.35,-3.333333333
28.8,-82.31,3.652777778
30.29,-81.39,-2.5
30.11,-83.18,2.7
27.94,-81.6,-3.675
28.02,-82.14,-3.875
28.15,-82.75,-1.95
34.85,-83.94,-4.225
32.38,-81.67,0.722222222
33.6,-85.08,0.125
34.06,-85.23,0.888888889
34.89,-83.4,8
34.52,-83.53,5.45
32.2,-83.21,3.642857143
34.3,-83.86,1.633333333
34.35,-82.93,5.675
34.48,-84.45,4.888888889
33.01,-82.39,2.928571429
31.18,-83.75,0.957142857
34.24,-85.16,4.414285714
31.45,-83.48,4.157142857
42.95,-112.83,1.041666667
48.69,-116.31,-5.305555556
44.57,-116.68,-8.031746032
44.24,-112.2,-14.7
43.85,-116.47,-0.666666667
43.03,-112.43,-1.985714286
42.56,-111.76,-2.785714286
43.97,-112.26,-6.492063492
47.53,-116.13,-0.4
42.12,-111.31,-0.725
44.89,-116.1,-12.5
42.68,-113.5,-11.5
46.73,-116.96,-5.225
42.23,-113.89,-6.2
44.08,-116.93,-10.92857143
46.96,-116.86,-4.125
48.35,-116.84,-6.65
43.05,-114.16,-6.5
43.95,-111.68,-4.166666667
47.32,-116.58,-7.5
43.24,-116.38,2.775
47.48,-115.93,-12.78571429
41.2,-90.74,-4.328571429
41.78,-88.31,-5.15
37.73,-89.17,1.833333333
39.48,-88.17,-11.125
41.74,-87.78,-11.525
40.14,-87.65,-4.416666667
41.84,-89.51,-2.1
37.99,-89.19,-2.75
38.38,-88.33,-4.166666667
41.9,-90.15,-4.625
40.95,-90.39,-5.225
39.16,-89.49,-7.222222222
40.47,-87.69,-8.3
39.73,-90.2,-0.875
40.58,-90.97,-6.6
40.15,-89.34,-7.968253968
40.91,-89.03,-7.325
40.94,-90.64,-6.075
41.79,-89.97,-1.575
42.1,-89.98,-3.75
38.36,-88.86,0
41.33,-88.91,-1.885714286
39.62,-87.67,-1.814285714
42.4,-89.99,-6.65
39.79,-88.29,-2.25
40.08,-88.24,-4.371428571
41.56,-89.6,-3.666666667
39.44,-90.38,1.425
39.45,-88.6,-4.138888889
41.66,-85.02,-8.425
40.67,-84.93,-3.314285714
39.42,-85.01,-8.619047619
39.17,-85.92,-6.571428571
40.3,-86.51,-9.698412698
41.56,-85.88,-7.125
39.79,-85.76,-3.111111111
41.61,-86.73,-4.95
39.4,-86.45,-1.166666667
39.89,-85.4,-3.475
38.89,-86.55,0.6
38.36,-87.59,1.063492063
41.07,-86.21,-8.75
39.76,-87.23,-4.933333333
39.6,-85.45,-5.433333333
38.55,-86.79,-10.3
39.28,-86.77,-0.142857143
37.95,-86.77,0.375
40,-86.35,-7.285714286
41.03,-86.59,-4.775
42.75,-92.8,-3.4
41.42,-95,-8.625
41.88,-92.28,-4.7
42.26,-90.42,-3.95
42.04,-93.89,-3.471428571
42.07,-94.85,-6.5
42.3,-91.01,-3.6
42.05,-91.59,-12.84722222
41.02,-93.28,-3.930555556
43.06,-92.67,-4.9
42.76,-95.54,-3.9
40.72,-95.02,-6.75
41.79,-90.26,-8.985714286
43.3,-91.8,-8.457142857
42.04,-95.33,-6.225
42.54,-90.65,-4.6
42.78,-91.45,-1.875
41.02,-91.96,-8.428571429
42.88,-91.83,-5.571428571
43.28,-93.63,-1.625
42.58,-94.2,-3.625
41.29,-94.45,-9.25
42.36,-92.76,-5.375
41.67,-94.5,-4.325
42.79,-91.1,-7.75
42.76,-93.2,-5.25
41.37,-93.65,-6.566666667
41.61,-91.51,-2.958333333
42.52,-93.25,-4.475
40.75,-91.96,-4.085714286
41.57,-90.4,-4.15
42.78,-96.15,-5.625
42.16,-95.78,-8.875
42.08,-90.66,-2.111111111
42.06,-92.92,-6
43.16,-93.2,-2.471428571
43.38,-95.18,-8.357142857
40.95,-91.56,-4.833333333
41.41,-91.07,-3.933333333
43.05,-92.31,-3.055555556
41.71,-93.03,-1.805555556
43.28,-92.83,-3.6
42.73,-94.66,-3.075
41,-95.24,-8.342857143
43.43,-96.17,-4.375
42.4,-94.63,-6.825
42.42,-94.98,-2.325
43.18,-95.66,-2.2
40.77,-95.37,-4.652777778
43.4,-95.75,-1.2
41.34,-92.23,-3.75
43.17,-95.15,-8.069444444
42.65,-95.19,-6.388888889
42.04,-92.58,-3.525
42.15,-92.01,-1.80952381
41.28,-91.71,-2.675
42.47,-93.8,-1.805555556
41.67,-92,-0.571428571
38.93,-97.21,-14.725
37.19,-99.76,3.142857143
39.8,-101.04,-3.7
39.82,-97.64,-4.791666667
38.8,-99.72,-8.722222222
37.81,-100.35,-6
39.37,-97.13,-3.45
37.27,-99.33,-11.28571429
37.17,-94.83,-0.966666667
38.37,-96.55,-0.85
37.01,-101.89,2.625
38.37,-98.82,-0.6
38.86,-99.34,-9.95
38.6,-100.62,-4.6
38.67,-96.95,-4.214285714
37.47,-96.27,4.866666667
38.1,-98.66,-2.527777778
37.16,-101.34,2.275
37.24,-95.7,0.825
37.65,-98.13,-2
37.94,-101.25,-0.375
37.03,-100.91,5.125
39.03,-98.13,-3.925
39.2,-96.58,-8
39.84,-96.64,-12.3
37.29,-100.35,4.603174603
39.12,-97.7,-5.85
37.19,-95.45,4.174603175
38.02,-97.36,-1.675
39.74,-99.84,-4.555555556
38.61,-95.28,3.275
37.37,-95.29,3.885714286
39.07,-100.24,-6.321428571
39.77,-101.81,0.8
38.47,-100.92,-0.875
37.13,-96.18,0.333333333
38.21,-98.21,-5.125
37.99,-101.74,-0.875
38.47,-101.77,-3.75
39.83,-95.09,-5.65
37.6,-101.29,4.763888889
39.01,-99.87,-7.575
39.21,-96.37,-4.7
39.81,-97.06,-2.053571429
37.27,-97.42,5.814285714
37.29,-96.94,2.771428571
38.12,-83.53,3.75
37.76,-87.65,3.025
37.35,-87.52,-0.222222222
36.61,-88.3,1.125
36.75,-86.23,3.05
31.32,-92.46,3.126984127
30.2,-91.13,1.925
30.07,-91.03,3.4
30.42,-92.04,1.157142857
32.81,-93.06,12.83333333
29.96,-91.71,1.555555556
30.2,-92.66,4.842857143
31.14,-93.24,2.3
30.73,-91.37,-2.45
44.4,-68.99,2.175
44.92,-69.24,-3.625
44.69,-70.16,0.7
44.22,-69.79,-2.8
44.8,-69.89,2.486111111
45.15,-67.4,-3.412698413
39.03,-76.93,-14.325
39.64,-77.7,-7.375
38.94,-77.11,1.166666667
38.91,-76.97,-4.416666667
39.41,-79.4,-15.31428571
38.72,-76.19,-6.325
39.51,-79.14,-11.375
38.23,-75.38,-8.166666667
42.39,-72.54,-2.4
42.21,-71.11,-6.75
41.39,-70.52,-22.73611111
42.76,-71.06,-1.35
42.59,-71.02,-3.916666667
41.79,-70.92,-8.888888889
41.92,-84.02,-7
42.3,-83.66,-10.75
46.59,-89.55,4
42.38,-85.96,-2.936507937
45.65,-84.47,5.35
41.96,-84.99,-7.475
44.28,-83.5,0.125
45.03,-84.71,4.888888889
44.65,-84.7,1.175
43.2,-85.24,-2.222222222
43.83,-82.64,3.271428571
42.64,-85.29,-2.888888889
44.31,-84.89,-2.555555556
45.79,-88.08,0.125
46.47,-90.19,2.694444444
44.31,-85.21,0.8
45.95,-86.25,6.75
43.46,-86.42,-1.75
45.41,-84.22,-3.875
45.37,-84.98,6.5
42.98,-82.42,-5.746031746
46.06,-88.63,5.05
44.01,-83.9,-0.271428571
41.93,-85.64,-0.652777778
45.17,-84.44,4.125
44.25,-84.2,-1.361111111
43.61,-93.3,-3.444444444
45.39,-96.13,-2.968253968
43.65,-92.97,-2.775
44.72,-96.27,-1.125
45.58,-94.39,-2.675
47.82,-96.61,3.3
43.7,-92.56,-3.15
47.24,-93.5,-3.957142857
47.23,-95.19,-1.428571429
44.65,-93.64,-1.025
47.25,-94.22,1.933333333
45.13,-94.53,0.125
45.96,-94.89,1.4
44.47,-95.79,-3.25
45.12,-95.93,-6.7
45.59,-95.87,-1.775
46.67,-94.11,-3
44.01,-96.33,-6.025
47.88,-96.28,-0.75
44.72,-93.1,-2.928571429
44.24,-95.63,-0.675
44.07,-93.53,-2.225
45.81,-96.5,0.814285714
43.88,-95.12,-7.214285714
43.76,-94.17,-5.55
44.3,-92.67,-0.466666667
31.25,-89.34,0.833333333
34.37,-89.53,5.027777778
39.89,-94.36,-3.1
38.19,-94.02,0.057142857
40.14,-91.52,-6.652777778
39.36,-93.49,-3.1
39.16,-90.78,-11.06666667
37.79,-90.41,-0.111111111
39.72,-91.37,-5.575
37.38,-89.67,5.228571429
38.58,-92.18,-0.152777778
38.2,-92.62,-9.525
37.6,-94.28,-4.7
37.55,-91.88,-4.2
37.39,-93.95,2.075
37.32,-92.98,1.125
37.15,-92.26,4.472222222
36.87,-94.36,1.9
37.84,-94.37,1.222222222
39.42,-92.81,-1.7
39.64,-91.25,-5.523809524
38.68,-93.22,4.925
39.97,-91.89,-2.3
38.97,-93.42,-0.266666667
37.81,-92.23,-0.266666667
47.88,-114.03,-5.7
45.83,-109.95,-2.55
45.77,-108.48,-4.875
45.66,-111.05,-9.3
48.52,-105.3,-7.166666667
45.44,-105.41,-16.45
45.54,-106.96,-9.25
48.59,-109.23,-0.725
47.82,-112.19,-12.5
45.89,-106.63,-7.4
45.64,-109.27,-5
48.19,-114.13,0.975
48.15,-104.52,-9.6
45.21,-112.64,-5.7
45.89,-104.55,-10.325
45.34,-111.71,-7.15
47.62,-111.99,-3.966666667
46.82,-108.37,-12.075
48.5,-109.8,-6.914285714
47.6,-112.75,6.5
47.03,-108.8,-11.86111111
46.99,-112.01,-5.25
48.34,-114.02,-7.325
45.92,-108.25,-11.26388889
46.29,-107.23,-8.714285714
48.3,-114.26,-4.1
46.6,-107.87,-11.2
45.24,-109.73,-1.35
45.49,-111.63,-15.625
48.7,-106.32,1.6
47.68,-114.24,-1.722222222
45.97,-109.25,-9.214285714
45.18,-109.26,-6.85
47.45,-104.34,-11.6
46.79,-105.3,-10.775
46.3,-111.45,-16.03333333
48.5,-113.98,-9.428571429
46.99,-104.16,-8.666666667
42.55,-99.85,-12.08571429
41.57,-101.69,-10.75
42.51,-99.03,-4.944444444
40.37,-95.75,-8.925
40.13,-99.83,-3.225
41.67,-103.1,-5.841269841
41.41,-99.68,-5.430555556
41.77,-99.18,-14.93333333
42.91,-98.85,-7.242857143
40.28,-100.14,-1.95
41.46,-97.33,-4.847222222
40.61,-96.87,-6.486111111
40.23,-100.83,-1.575
40.07,-97.17,-9.671428571
41.43,-96.47,-5.525
40.54,-97.59,-11.525
41.45,-97.76,-9.275
42.9,-102.2,-6.444444444
40.94,-100.15,-7.157142857
42.69,-103.88,-2.763888889
40.65,-98.38,-4.575
40.18,-97.59,-6.65
40.45,-99.38,-2.7
40.51,-101.65,-3.671428571
40.73,-99.01,-10.825
41.21,-101.67,-0.9
41.15,-102.64,-0.555555556
40.85,-101.54,-4.5
40.52,-98.95,-3.925
42.06,-97.97,-5.5
41.13,-101.72,-1.583333333
41.18,-97.55,-6.861111111
41.4,-102.35,-10.17142857
41.03,-98.92,-5.375
40.1,-98.52,-3.722222222
40.67,-96.19,-8.375
40.35,-96.19,-3.25
41.85,-96.71,-3.35
36.44,-115.36,-0.53968254
39.46,-118.78,-1.633333333
38.95,-119.78,-5.625
40.2,-115.49,-6.75
35.47,-114.92,-6.158730159
44.45,-71.19,0.475
43.14,-70.95,-6.1
45.09,-71.29,-2.725
43.71,-72.29,-8.05
42.94,-72.32,0.675
44.26,-71.25,-1.475
40.74,-74.35,-10.9
41.03,-74.42,-6.875
40.57,-74.88,-7.75
40.27,-74.56,-8.65
39.8,-74.78,-13.56666667
35.87,-103.18,9.166666667
32.75,-104.38,3.225
36.84,-108,-5.333333333
32.9,-107.31,-4.428571429
36.47,-104.95,-0.2
32.83,-108.5,-0.25
34.6,-103.22,5.975
35.41,-104.19,8.757142857
35.86,-106.32,-5.957142857
32.95,-105.82,0.833333333
35.2,-103.69,-4.277777778
35.95,-106.75,-8.928571429
43.22,-78.22,-8.666666667
42.31,-78.02,-4.775
43.44,-75.37,0.85
42.85,-77.28,-9.825
42.72,-74.93,0.275
42.56,-77.72,-8.442857143
42.25,-74.91,-0.866666667
42.1,-76.84,-4.075
42.33,-78.46,-4.5
44.35,-75.51,-0.8
43.75,-74.28,-0.325
42.45,-76.45,-5.125
43.79,-75.48,-1.9
41.77,-74.15,-13.35714286
42.51,-75.52,-2.871428571
43.45,-76.54,-8.015873016
41.39,-74.69,-0.125
40.96,-72.72,-13.58333333
35.71,-79.84,6.2
35.5,-82.6,-3.033333333
35.91,-79.08,2.1
35.41,-80.56,1.45
35.31,-83.17,6.45
36.02,-76.55,-2.875
35.06,-78.86,-3.714285714
35.18,-83.39,2.875
35.27,-81.14,3.375
34.89,-79.69,3.527777778
35.06,-83.2,-0.652777778
35.97,-79.97,-3
36.4,-77.42,4.053571429
35.18,-79.68,-5.625
34.75,-79.47,0.9
35.91,-81.54,5.85
35.85,-80.26,7.95
35.8,-82.67,-5.375
34.98,-80.52,4.027777778
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