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"# Constituent Parsing Exercises\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"In the lecture we took a look at a simple tokenizer and sentence segmenter. In this exercise we will expand our understanding of the problem by asking a few important questions, and looking at the problem from a different perspectives."
]
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"## <font color='green'>Setup 1</font>: Load Libraries"
]
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"%%capture\n",
"%load_ext autoreload\n",
"%autoreload 2\n",
"%matplotlib inline\n",
"# %cd .. \n",
"import sys\n",
"sys.path.append(\"..\")\n",
"import math \n",
"import statnlpbook.util as util\n",
"import statnlpbook.parsing as parsing"
]
},
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"## <font color='blue'>Task 1</font>: Understanding parsing\n",
"\n",
"Be sure you understand [grammatical categories and structures](http://webdelprofesor.ula.ve/humanidades/azapata/materias/english_4/grammatical_categories_structures_and_syntactical_functions.pdf) and brush up on your [grammar skils](http://www.ucl.ac.uk/internet-grammar/intro/intro.htm).\n",
"\n",
"Then re-visit the [Enju online parser](http://www.nactem.ac.uk/enju/demo.html), and parse the following sentences...\n",
"\n",
"What is wrong with the parses of the following sentences? Are they correct?\n",
"- Fat people eat accumulates.\n",
"- The fat that people eat accumulates in their bodies.\n",
"- The fat that people eat is accumulating in their bodies.\n",
"\n",
"What about these, is the problem in the parser or in the sentence?\n",
" - The old man the boat.\n",
" - The old people man the boat. \n",
"\n",
"These were examples of garden path sentences, find out what that means.\n",
"\n",
"What about these sentences? Are their parses correct?\n",
" - Time flies like an arrow; fruit flies like a banana.\n",
" - We saw her duck."
]
},
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"source": [
"## <font color='blue'>Task 2</font>: Parent Annotation\n",
"\n"
]
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"Reminisce the lecture notes in parsing, and the mentioned parent annotation. (grand)*parents, matter - knowing who the parent is in a tree gives a bit of context information which can later help us with smoothing probabilities, and approaching context-dependent parsing.\n",
"\n",
"in that case, each non-terminal node should know it's parent. We'll do this exercise on a single tree, just to play around a bit with trees and their labeling.\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"Given the following tree:"
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"x = ('S', [('Subj', ['He']), ('VP', [('Verb', ['shot']), ('Obj', ['the', 'elephant']), ('PP', ['in', 'his', 'pyjamas'])])])\n",
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"We construct the `annotate_parents` function which will take that tree, and annotate its parents:"
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"def annotate_parents(tree, parent=\"null\"):\n",
" if isinstance(tree, tuple):\n",
" children = [annotate_parents(child, tree[0]) for child in tree[1]]\n",
" return (tree[0] + \"^\" + parent, children)\n",
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"The final annotation result looks like this:"
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"</g>\n",
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],
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]
},
"execution_count": 5,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"parsing.render_tree(annotate_parents(x))"
]
}
],
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"name": "python3"
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