bfo-spec-label
definition source: Person:Alan Ruttenberg

Annotation Properties
creator: Michel Dumontier
date: 2007-01-01
description: Annotation properties that includes the Dublin Core.
Format: application/rdf+xml
language: en
publisher: Dumontier Lab
version info: 2.0

example
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: An illustration of a general principle.

synonym
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: A word having the same meaning as another

entity
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: entity
BFO CLIF specification label: Entity
example of usage: Julius Caesar
example of usage: Verdi’s Requiem
example of usage: the Second World War
example of usage: your body mass index
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81
editor note: Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf
elucidation: An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])
subclass of: Thing

continuant
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: continuant
BFO CLIF specification label: Continuant
definition: An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240
editor note: Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants
elucidation: A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])
has associated axiom(nl): if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])
has associated axiom(nl): if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])
has associated axiom(nl): if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002]
subclass of: entity
disjoint with: occurrent

occurrent
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: occurrent
BFO CLIF specification label: Occurrent
definition: An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: every occurrent that is not a temporal or spatiotemporal region is s-dependent on some independent continuant that is not a spatial region
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: s-dependence obtains between every process and its participants in the sense that, as a matter of necessity, this process could not have existed unless these or those participants existed also. A process may have a succession of participants at different phases of its unfolding. Thus there may be different players on the field at different times during the course of a football game; but the process which is the entire game s-depends_on all of these players nonetheless. Some temporal parts of this process will s-depend_on on only some of the players.
editor note: Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process.
editor note: Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame.
elucidation: An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])
has associated axiom(nl): Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])
has associated axiom(nl): b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001]
subclass of: entity

independent continuant
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: ic
BFO CLIF specification label: IndependentContinuant
example of usage: a chair
example of usage: a heart
example of usage: a leg
example of usage: a molecule
example of usage: a spatial region
example of usage: an atom
example of usage: an orchestra.
example of usage: an organism
example of usage: the bottom right portion of a human torso
example of usage: the interior of your mouth
definition: A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything.
definition: b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])
has associated axiom(nl): For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])
has associated axiom(nl): For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002]
subclass of: continuant
disjoint with: specifically dependent continuant
disjoint with: generically dependent continuant

obsolete dependent continuant
type: Class
definition: A continuant that is either dependent on one or other independent continuant bearers or inheres in or is borne by other entities.
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

spatial region
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: s-region
BFO CLIF specification label: SpatialRegion
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Spatial regions do not participate in processes.
editor note: Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional.
elucidation: A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])
has associated axiom(nl): All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001]
subclass of: immaterial entity
disjoint with: site
disjoint with: continuant fiat boundary

temporal region
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: t-region
BFO CLIF specification label: TemporalRegion
editor note: Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional
elucidation: A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])
has associated axiom(nl): All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])
has associated axiom(nl): Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001]
subclass of: occurrent
disjoint with: spatiotemporal region
disjoint with: process
disjoint with: process boundary

two-dimensional spatial region
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: 2d-s-region
BFO CLIF specification label: TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion
example of usage: an infinitely thin plane in space.
example of usage: the surface of a sphere-shaped part of space
elucidation: A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001]
subclass of: spatial region
disjoint with: three-dimensional spatial region

spatiotemporal region
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: st-region
BFO CLIF specification label: SpatiotemporalRegion
example of usage: the spatiotemporal region occupied by a human life
example of usage: the spatiotemporal region occupied by a process of cellular meiosis.
example of usage: the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor
elucidation: A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])
has associated axiom(nl): All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])
has associated axiom(nl): Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])
has associated axiom(nl): Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])
has associated axiom(nl): Every spatiotemporal region occupies_spatiotemporal_region itself.
has associated axiom(nl): Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001]
subclass of: occurrent

process
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: process
BFO CLIF specification label: Process
example of usage: a process of cell-division, \ a beating of the heart
example of usage: a process of meiosis
example of usage: a process of sleeping
example of usage: the course of a disease
example of usage: the flight of a bird
example of usage: the life of an organism
example of usage: your process of aging.
definition: An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t.
definition: p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: The realm of occurrents is less pervasively marked by the presence of natural units than is the case in the realm of independent continuants. Thus there is here no counterpart of ‘object’. In BFO 1.0 ‘process’ served as such a counterpart. In BFO 2.0 ‘process’ is, rather, the occurrent counterpart of ‘material entity’. Those natural – as contrasted with engineered, which here means: deliberately executed – units which do exist in the realm of occurrents are typically either parasitic on the existence of natural units on the continuant side, or they are fiat in nature. Thus we can count lives; we can count football games; we can count chemical reactions performed in experiments or in chemical manufacturing. We cannot count the processes taking place, for instance, in an episode of insect mating behavior.Even where natural units are identifiable, for example cycles in a cyclical process such as the beating of a heart or an organism’s sleep/wake cycle, the processes in question form a sequence with no discontinuities (temporal gaps) of the sort that we find for instance where billiard balls or zebrafish or planets are separated by clear spatial gaps. Lives of organisms are process units, but they too unfold in a continuous series from other, prior processes such as fertilization, and they unfold in turn in continuous series of post-life processes such as post-mortem decay. Clear examples of boundaries of processes are almost always of the fiat sort (midnight, a time of death as declared in an operating theater or on a death certificate, the initiation of a state of war)
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003]
subclass of: occurrent

disposition
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: disposition
BFO CLIF specification label: Disposition
example of usage: an atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y
example of usage: certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer
example of usage: children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways.
example of usage: the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type.
elucidation: b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])
has associated axiom(nl): If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002]
subclass of: realizable entity
disjoint with: role

realizable entity
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: realizable
BFO CLIF specification label: RealizableEntity
example of usage: the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity.
example of usage: the disposition of your blood to coagulate
example of usage: the function of your reproductive organs
example of usage: the role of being a doctor
example of usage: the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet
definition: A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances.
elucidation: To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])
has associated axiom(nl): All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002]
subclass of: specifically dependent continuant
disjoint with: quality

zero-dimensional spatial region
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: 0d-s-region
BFO CLIF specification label: ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion
elucidation: A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001]
subclass of: spatial region
disjoint with: three-dimensional spatial region

quality
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: quality
BFO CLIF specification label: Quality
example of usage: the ambient temperature of this portion of air
example of usage: the color of a tomato
example of usage: the length of the circumference of your waist
example of usage: the mass of this piece of gold.
example of usage: the shape of your nose
example of usage: the shape of your nostril
elucidation: a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])
has associated axiom(nl): If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001]
subclass of: specifically dependent continuant

specifically dependent continuant
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: sdc
BFO CLIF specification label: SpecificallyDependentContinuant
example of usage: Reciprocal specifically dependent continuants: the function of this key to open this lock and the mutually dependent disposition of this lock: to be opened by this key
example of usage: of one-sided specifically dependent continuants: the mass of this tomato
example of usage: of relational dependent continuants (multiple bearers): John’s love for Mary, the ownership relation between John and this statue, the relation of authority between John and his subordinates.
example of usage: the disposition of this fish to decay
example of usage: the function of this heart: to pump blood
example of usage: the mutual dependence of proton donors and acceptors in chemical reactions [79
example of usage: the mutual dependence of the role predator and the role prey as played by two organisms in a given interaction
example of usage: the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its center
example of usage: the role of being a doctor
example of usage: the shape of this hole.
example of usage: the smell of this portion of mozzarella
definition: A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same.
definition: b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])
editor note: Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc.
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003]
subclass of: continuant
disjoint with: generically dependent continuant

role
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: role
BFO CLIF specification label: Role
example of usage: John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married.
example of usage: the priest role
example of usage: the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighboring administrative territories
example of usage: the role of a building in serving as a military target
example of usage: the role of a stone in marking a property boundary
example of usage: the role of subject in a clinical trial
example of usage: the student role
definition: A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives.
elucidation: b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001]
subclass of: realizable entity

fiat object part
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: fiat-object-part
BFO CLIF specification label: FiatObjectPart
example of usage: or with divisions drawn by cognitive subjects for practical reasons, such as the division of a cake (before slicing) into (what will become) slices (and thus member parts of an object aggregate). However, this does not mean that fiat object parts are dependent for their existence on divisions or delineations effected by cognitive subjects. If, for example, it is correct to conceive geological layers of the Earth as fiat object parts of the Earth, then even though these layers were first delineated in recent times, still existed long before such delineation and what holds of these layers (for example that the oldest layers are also the lowest layers) did not begin to hold because of our acts of delineation.Treatment of material entity in BFOExamples viewed by some as problematic cases for the trichotomy of fiat object part, object, and object aggregate include: a mussel on (and attached to) a rock, a slime mold, a pizza, a cloud, a galaxy, a railway train with engine and multiple carriages, a clonal stand of quaking aspen, a bacterial community (biofilm), a broken femur. Note that, as Aristotle already clearly recognized, such problematic cases – which lie at or near the penumbra of instances defined by the categories in question – need not invalidate these categories. The existence of grey objects does not prove that there are not objects which are black and objects which are white; the existence of mules does not prove that there are not objects which are donkeys and objects which are horses. It does, however, show that the examples in question need to be addressed carefully in order to show how they can be fitted into the proposed scheme, for example by recognizing additional subdivisions [29
example of usage: the FMA:regional parts of an intact human body.
example of usage: the Western hemisphere of the Earth
example of usage: the division of the brain into regions
example of usage: the division of the planet into hemispheres
example of usage: the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the body
example of usage: the upper and lower lobes of the left lung
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Most examples of fiat object parts are associated with theoretically drawn divisions
elucidation: b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004]
subclass of: material entity

one-dimensional spatial region
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: 1d-s-region
BFO CLIF specification label: OneDimensionalSpatialRegion
example of usage: an edge of a cube-shaped portion of space.
elucidation: A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001]
subclass of: spatial region
disjoint with: three-dimensional spatial region

object aggregate
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: object-aggregate
BFO CLIF specification label: ObjectAggregate
example of usage: a collection of cells in a blood biobank.
example of usage: a swarm of bees is an aggregate of members who are linked together through natural bonds
example of usage: a symphony orchestra
example of usage: an organization is an aggregate whose member parts have roles of specific types (for example in a jazz band, a chess club, a football team)
example of usage: defined by fiat: the aggregate of members of an organization
example of usage: defined through physical attachment: the aggregate of atoms in a lump of granite
example of usage: defined through physical containment: the aggregate of molecules of carbon dioxide in a sealed container
example of usage: defined via attributive delimitations such as: the patients in this hospital
example of usage: the aggregate of bearings in a constant velocity axle joint
example of usage: the aggregate of blood cells in your body
example of usage: the nitrogen atoms in the atmosphere
example of usage: the restaurants in Palo Alto
example of usage: your collection of Meissen ceramic plates.
editor note: An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: object aggregates may gain and lose parts while remaining numerically identical (one and the same individual) over time. This holds both for aggregates whose membership is determined naturally (the aggregate of cells in your body) and aggregates determined by fiat (a baseball team, a congressional committee).
definition source: ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158.
elucidation: b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004]
subclass of: material entity

three-dimensional spatial region
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: 3d-s-region
BFO CLIF specification label: ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion
example of usage: a cube-shaped region of space
example of usage: a sphere-shaped region of space,
elucidation: A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001]
subclass of: spatial region

site
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: site
BFO CLIF specification label: Site
example of usage: Manhattan Canyon)
example of usage: a hole in the interior of a portion of cheese
example of usage: a rabbit hole
example of usage: an air traffic control region defined in the airspace above an airport
example of usage: the Grand Canyon
example of usage: the Piazza San Marco
example of usage: the cockpit of an aircraft
example of usage: the hold of a ship
example of usage: the interior of a kangaroo pouch
example of usage: the interior of the trunk of your car
example of usage: the interior of your bedroom
example of usage: the interior of your office
example of usage: the interior of your refrigerator
example of usage: the lumen of your gut
example of usage: your left nostril (a fiat part – the opening – of your left nasal cavity)
elucidation: b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002]
subclass of: immaterial entity

object
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: object
BFO CLIF specification label: Object
example of usage: atom
example of usage: cell
example of usage: cells and organisms
example of usage: engineered artifacts
example of usage: grain of sand
example of usage: molecule
example of usage: organelle
example of usage: organism
example of usage: planet
example of usage: solid portions of matter
example of usage: star
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: BFO rests on the presupposition that at multiple micro-, meso- and macroscopic scales reality exhibits certain stable, spatially separated or separable material units, combined or combinable into aggregates of various sorts (for example organisms into what are called ‘populations’). Such units play a central role in almost all domains of natural science from particle physics to cosmology. Many scientific laws govern the units in question, employing general terms (such as ‘molecule’ or ‘planet’) referring to the types and subtypes of units, and also to the types and subtypes of the processes through which such units develop and interact. The division of reality into such natural units is at the heart of biological science, as also is the fact that these units may form higher-level units (as cells form multicellular organisms) and that they may also form aggregates of units, for example as cells form portions of tissue and organs form families, herds, breeds, species, and so on. At the same time, the division of certain portions of reality into engineered units (manufactured artifacts) is the basis of modern industrial technology, which rests on the distributed mass production of engineered parts through division of labor and on their assembly into larger, compound units such as cars and laptops. The division of portions of reality into units is one starting point for the phenomenon of counting.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Each object is such that there are entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its interior, and other entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its exterior. This may not be so for entities lying at or near the boundary between the interior and exterior. This means that two objects – for example the two cells depicted in Figure 3 – may be such that there are material entities crossing their boundaries which belong determinately to neither cell. Something similar obtains in certain cases of conjoined twins (see below).
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: To say that b is causally unified means: b is a material entity which is such that its material parts are tied together in such a way that, in environments typical for entities of the type in question,if c, a continuant part of b that is in the interior of b at t, is larger than a certain threshold size (which will be determined differently from case to case, depending on factors such as porosity of external cover) and is moved in space to be at t at a location on the exterior of the spatial region that had been occupied by b at t, then either b’s other parts will be moved in coordinated fashion or b will be damaged (be affected, for example, by breakage or tearing) in the interval between t and t.causal changes in one part of b can have consequences for other parts of b without the mediation of any entity that lies on the exterior of b. Material entities with no proper material parts would satisfy these conditions trivially. Candidate examples of types of causal unity for material entities of more complex sorts are as follows (this is not intended to be an exhaustive list):CU1: Causal unity via physical coveringHere the parts in the interior of the unified entity are combined together causally through a common membrane or other physical covering\. The latter points outwards toward and may serve a protective function in relation to what lies on the exterior of the entity [13, 47
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: an object is a maximal causally unified material entity
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: ‘objects’ are sometimes referred to as ‘grains’ [74
elucidation: b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])
subclass of: material entity

generically dependent continuant
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: gdc
BFO CLIF specification label: GenericallyDependentContinuant
example of usage: The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity.
example of usage: the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop
example of usage: the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule.
definition: A continuant that is dependent on one or other independent continuant bearers. For every instance of A requires some instance of (an independent continuant type) B but which instance of B serves can change from time to time.
definition: b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001]
subclass of: continuant

function
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: function
BFO CLIF specification label: Function
example of usage: the function of a hammer to drive in nails
example of usage: the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity
example of usage: the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: In the past, we have distinguished two varieties of function, artifactual function and biological function. These are not asserted subtypes of BFO:function however, since the same function – for example: to pump, to transport – can exist both in artifacts and in biological entities. The asserted subtypes of function that would be needed in order to yield a separate monoheirarchy are not artifactual function, biological function, etc., but rather transporting function, pumping function, etc.
elucidation: A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001]
subclass of: disposition

process boundary
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: p-boundary
BFO CLIF specification label: ProcessBoundary
example of usage: the boundary between the 2nd and 3rd year of your life.
definition: p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])
has associated axiom(nl): Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001]
subclass of: occurrent

one-dimensional temporal region
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: 1d-t-region
BFO CLIF specification label: OneDimensionalTemporalRegion
example of usage: the temporal region during which a process occurs.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: A temporal interval is a special kind of one-dimensional temporal region, namely one that is self-connected (is without gaps or breaks).
elucidation: A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001]
subclass of: temporal region
disjoint with: zero-dimensional temporal region

material entity
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: material
BFO CLIF specification label: MaterialEntity
example of usage: a flame
example of usage: a forest fire
example of usage: a human being
example of usage: a hurricane
example of usage: a photon
example of usage: a puff of smoke
example of usage: a sea wave
example of usage: a tornado
example of usage: an aggregate of human beings.
example of usage: an energy wave
example of usage: an epidemic
example of usage: the undetached arm of a human being
definition: An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Material entities (continuants) can preserve their identity even while gaining and losing material parts. Continuants are contrasted with occurrents, which unfold themselves in successive temporal parts or phases [60
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Object, Fiat Object Part and Object Aggregate are not intended to be exhaustive of Material Entity. Users are invited to propose new subcategories of Material Entity.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: ‘Matter’ is intended to encompass both mass and energy (we will address the ontological treatment of portions of energy in a later version of BFO). A portion of matter is anything that includes elementary particles among its proper or improper parts: quarks and leptons, including electrons, as the smallest particles thus far discovered; baryons (including protons and neutrons) at a higher level of granularity; atoms and molecules at still higher levels, forming the cells, organs, organisms and other material entities studied by biologists, the portions of rock studied by geologists, the fossils studied by paleontologists, and so on.Material entities are three-dimensional entities (entities extended in three spatial dimensions), as contrasted with the processes in which they participate, which are four-dimensional entities (entities extended also along the dimension of time).According to the FMA, material entities may have immaterial entities as parts – including the entities identified below as sites; for example the interior (or ‘lumen’) of your small intestine is a part of your body. BFO 2.0 embodies a decision to follow the FMA here.
elucidation: A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])
has associated axiom(nl): Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])
has associated axiom(nl): every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002]
subclass of: independent continuant
disjoint with: immaterial entity

part of
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
editor preferred term: is part of
example of usage: my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities)
example of usage: my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity)
example of usage: this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood)
definition: a core relation that holds between a part and its whole
editor note: Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other.
editor note: Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime
editor note: Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'.
alternative term: part_of
temporal interpretation: axiom holds for all times
equivalent property:
  inverse of: has part
inverse of: has part

has part
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
editor preferred term: has part
example of usage: my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities)
example of usage: my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity)
example of usage: this year has part this day (occurrent parthood)
definition: a core relation that holds between a whole and its part
editor note: Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part.
editor note: Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime
editor note: Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'.
alternative term: has_part
temporal interpretation: axiom holds for all times
equivalent property:
  inverse of: part of

realized in
type: ObjectProperty
editor preferred term: realized in
example of usage: this disease is realized in this disease course
example of usage: this fragility is realized in this shattering
example of usage: this investigator role is realized in this investigation
alternative term: is realized by
alternative term: realized_in
elucidation: [copied from inverse property 'realizes'] to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003])
comment: Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a realizable entity and a process, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process
domain: realizable entity
range: process
equivalent property:
  inverse of: realizes
inverse of: realizes

realizes
type: ObjectProperty
editor preferred term: realizes
example of usage: this disease course realizes this disease
example of usage: this investigation realizes this investigator role
example of usage: this shattering realizes this fragility
elucidation: to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003])
comment: Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a process and a realizable entity, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process
domain: process
range: realizable entity
equivalent property:
  inverse of: realized in

occurs in
type: ObjectProperty
editor preferred term: occurs in
definition: b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t
alternative term: occurs_in
alternative term: unfolds in
alternative term: unfolds_in
comment: Paraphrase of definition: a relation between a process and an independent continuant, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant
domain: occurrent
range: independent continuant
equivalent property:
  inverse of: contains process
inverse of: contains process
property chain axiom: part of

contains process
type: ObjectProperty
editor preferred term: site of
definition: [copied from inverse property 'occurs in'] b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t
comment: Paraphrase of definition: a relation between an independent continuant and a process, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant
equivalent property:
  inverse of: occurs in

BFO_0000134
elucidation: To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])
elucidation: To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])

continuant fiat boundary
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: cf-boundary
BFO CLIF specification label: ContinuantFiatBoundary
definition: b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: In BFO 1.1 the assumption was made that the external surface of a material entity such as a cell could be treated as if it were a boundary in the mathematical sense. The new document propounds the view that when we talk about external surfaces of material objects in this way then we are talking about something fiat. To be dealt with in a future version: fiat boundaries at different levels of granularity.More generally, the focus in discussion of boundaries in BFO 2.0 is now on fiat boundaries, which means: boundaries for which there is no assumption that they coincide with physical discontinuities. The ontology of boundaries becomes more closely allied with the ontology of regions.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: a continuant fiat boundary is a boundary of some material entity (for example: the plane separating the Northern and Southern hemispheres; the North Pole), or it is a boundary of some immaterial entity (for example of some portion of airspace). Three basic kinds of continuant fiat boundary can be distinguished (together with various combination kinds [29
editor note: Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions.
has associated axiom(nl): Every continuant fiat boundary is located at some spatial region at every time at which it exists
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001]
subclass of: immaterial entity

immaterial entity
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: immaterial
BFO CLIF specification label: ImmaterialEntity
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Immaterial entities are divided into two subgroups:boundaries and sites, which bound, or are demarcated in relation, to material entities, and which can thus change location, shape and size and as their material hosts move or change shape or size (for example: your nasal passage; the hold of a ship; the boundary of Wales (which moves with the rotation of the Earth) [38, 7, 10
subclass of: independent continuant

one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: 1d-cf-boundary
BFO CLIF specification label: OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary
example of usage: The Equator
example of usage: all geopolitical boundaries
example of usage: all lines of latitude and longitude
example of usage: the line separating the outer surface of the mucosa of the lower lip from the outer surface of the skin of the chin.
example of usage: the median sulcus of your tongue
elucidation: a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001]
subclass of: continuant fiat boundary
disjoint with: two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
disjoint with: zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary

process profile
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: process-profile
BFO CLIF specification label: ProcessProfile
example of usage: On a somewhat higher level of complexity are what we shall call rate process profiles, which are the targets of selective abstraction focused not on determinate quality magnitudes plotted over time, but rather on certain ratios between these magnitudes and elapsed times. A speed process profile, for example, is represented by a graph plotting against time the ratio of distance covered per unit of time. Since rates may change, and since such changes, too, may have rates of change, we have to deal here with a hierarchy of process profile universals at successive levels
example of usage: One important sub-family of rate process profiles is illustrated by the beat or frequency profiles of cyclical processes, illustrated by the 60 beats per minute beating process of John’s heart, or the 120 beats per minute drumming process involved in one of John’s performances in a rock band, and so on. Each such process includes what we shall call a beat process profile instance as part, a subtype of rate process profile in which the salient ratio is not distance covered but rather number of beat cycles per unit of time. Each beat process profile instance instantiates the determinable universal beat process profile. But it also instantiates multiple more specialized universals at lower levels of generality, selected from rate process profilebeat process profileregular beat process profile3 bpm beat process profile4 bpm beat process profileirregular beat process profileincreasing beat process profileand so on.In the case of a regular beat process profile, a rate can be assigned in the simplest possible fashion by dividing the number of cycles by the length of the temporal region occupied by the beating process profile as a whole. Irregular process profiles of this sort, for example as identified in the clinic, or in the readings on an aircraft instrument panel, are often of diagnostic significance.
example of usage: The simplest type of process profiles are what we shall call ‘quality process profiles’, which are the process profiles which serve as the foci of the sort of selective abstraction that is involved when measurements are made of changes in single qualities, as illustrated, for example, by process profiles of mass, temperature, aortic pressure, and so on.
definition: b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])
elucidation: b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005]
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002]
subclass of: process
disjoint with: history

relational quality
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: r-quality
BFO CLIF specification label: RelationalQuality
example of usage: John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married.
example of usage: a marriage bond, an instance of love, an obligation between one person and another.
definition: b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001]
subclass of: quality

two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: 2d-cf-boundary
BFO CLIF specification label: TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary
elucidation: a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001]
subclass of: continuant fiat boundary

zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: 0d-cf-boundary
BFO CLIF specification label: ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary
example of usage: the geographic North Pole
example of usage: the point of origin of some spatial coordinate system.
example of usage: the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet
editor note: zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona.
elucidation: a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001]
subclass of: continuant fiat boundary

zero-dimensional temporal region
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: 0d-t-region
BFO CLIF specification label: ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion
example of usage: a temporal region that is occupied by a process boundary
example of usage: right now
example of usage: the moment at which a child is born
example of usage: the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident
example of usage: the moment of death.
alternative term: temporal instant.
elucidation: A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001]
subclass of: temporal region

BFO OWL specification label
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: Relates an entity in the ontology to the name of the variable that is used to represent it in the code that generates the BFO OWL file from the lispy specification.
curator note: Really of interest to developers only
sub property of: label

BFO CLIF specification label
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: Relates an entity in the ontology to the term that is used to represent it in the the CLIF specification of BFO2
definition source: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
curator note: Really of interest to developers only
sub property of: label

history
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: history
BFO CLIF specification label: History
elucidation: A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])
subclass of: process

geographic location
type: Class
editor preferred term: geographic location
definition: A reference to a place on the Earth, by its name or by its geographical location.
imported from: gaz.owl
subclass of: site

conditional specification
type: Class
editor preferred term: conditional specification
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: a directive information entity that specifies what should happen if the trigger condition is fulfilled
term editor: PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch
definition source: OBI branch derived
definition source: OBI_0000349
subclass of: directive information entity

example to be eventually removed
type: curation status specification
type: NamedIndividual

measurement unit label
type: Class
editor preferred term: measurement unit label
example of usage: Examples of measurement unit labels are liters, inches, weight per volume.
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A measurement unit label is as a label that is part of a scalar measurement datum and denotes a unit of measure.
editor note: 2009-03-16: provenance: a term measurement unit was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000176) , edited by Chris Stoeckert and Cristian Cocos, and subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definition of this, different, term.
editor note: 2009-03-16: review of this term done during during the OBI workshop winter 2009 and the current definition was considered acceptable for use in OBI. If there is a need to modify this definition please notify OBI.
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
subclass of: datum label

has measurement value
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: scalar measurement datum
range: double
sub property of: topDataProperty

objective specification
type: Class
editor preferred term: objective specification
example of usage: In the protocol of a ChIP assay the objective specification says to identify protein and DNA interaction.
has curation status: ready for release
definition: a directive information entity that describes an intended process endpoint. When part of a plan specification the concretization is realized in a planned process in which the bearer tries to effect the world so that the process endpoint is achieved.
editor note: 2009-03-16: original definition when imported from OBI read: "objective is an non realizable information entity which can serve as that proper part of a plan towards which the realization of the plan is directed."
editor note: 2014-03-31: In the example of usage ("In the protocol of a ChIP assay the objective specification says to identify protein and DNA interaction") there is a protocol which is the ChIP assay protocol. In addition to being concretized on paper, the protocol can be concretized as a realizable entity, such as a plan that inheres in a person. The objective specification is the part that says that some protein and DNA interactions are identified. This is a specification of a process endpoint: the boundary in the process before which they are not identified and after which they are. During the realization of the plan, the goal is to get to the point of having the interactions, and participants in the realization of the plan try to do that.
editor note: Answers the question, why did you do this experiment?
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Barry Smith
term editor: PERSON: Bjoern Peters
term editor: PERSON: Jennifer Fostel
alternative term: goal specification
definition source: OBI Plan and Planned Process/Roles Branch
definition source: OBI_0000217
subclass of: directive information entity

narrative object
type: Class
editor preferred term: narrative object
example of usage: Examples of narrative objects are reports, journal articles, and patents submission.
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A narrative object is an information content entity that is a set of propositions.
editor note: 2009-08-10 Alan Ruttenberg: Larry Hunter suggests that this be obsoleted and replaced by 'textual entity' and 'figure'. Alan restored as there are OBI dependencies and this merits further discussion
editor note: agree - DENRIE. Issue(alan) do we only mean text? What about a story told by mime. Does music count? (no) what about an oral report. Regarding definition, saying it is a set of propositions means we loose the idea that wording matters. Maybe adjust saying a narrative object has some relationshop to a set of propositions
term editor: person:Chris Stoeckert
definition source: OBI_0000013
definition source: group:OBI
subclass of: information content entity

action specification
type: Class
example of usage: Pour the contents of flask 1 into flask 2
has curation status: ready for release
definition: a directive information entity that describes an action the bearer will take
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: OBI Plan and Planned Process branch
subclass of: directive information entity

obsolete_artifact
type: Class
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

datum label
type: Class
editor preferred term: datum label
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A label is a symbol that is part of some other datum and is used to either partially define the denotation of that datum or to provide a means for identifying the datum as a member of the set of data with the same label
editor note: http://www.golovchenko.org/cgi-bin/wnsearch#4n
term editor: GROUP: IAO
curator note: 9/22/11 BP: changed the rdfs:label for this class from 'label' to 'datum label' to convey that this class is not intended to cover all kinds of labels (stickers, radiolabels, etc.), and not even all kind of textual labels, but rather the kind of labels occuring in a datum.
subclass of: information content entity

software
type: Class
editor preferred term: software
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: Software is a plan specification composed of a series of instructions that can be interpreted by or directly executed by a processing unit.
editor note: see sourceforge tracker discussion at http://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=1958818&group_id=177891&atid=886178
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Bjoern Peters
term editor: PERSON: Chris Stoeckert
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
definition source: GROUP: OBI
subclass of: plan specification

obsolete2_digital entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: obsolete_digital entity
definition: A digital entity is an information entity which is a collection of bits that can be interpreted by a computer. Two digital entities are the same if they are bitwise identical.
editor note: 3/22/2009 Alan Ruttenberg, obsoleted per http://groups.google.com/group/information-ontology/browse_thread/thread/789ad4b7708d5cf4 Superclass was 'digitial quality'
term editor: person:Chris Stoeckert
definition source: OBI_0000261
definition source: group:OBI
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

journal article
type: Class
editor preferred term: journal article
example of usage: Examples are articles published in the journals, Nature and Science. The content can often be cited by reference to a paper based encoding, e.g. Authors, Title of article, Journal name, date or year of publication, volume and page number.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: a report that is published in a journal
term editor: person:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: person:Chris Stoeckert
definition source: OBI_0000159
definition source: group:OBI
subclass of: report

information carrier
type: Class
editor preferred term: information carrier
example of usage: In the case of a printed paperback novel the physicality of the ink and of the paper form part of the information bearer. The qualities of appearing black and having a certain pattern for the ink and appearing white for the paper form part of the information carrier in this case.
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A quality of an information bearer that imparts the information content
editor note: 12/15/09: There is a concern that some ways that carry information may be processes rather than qualities, such as in a 'delayed wave carrier'.
editor note: 2014-03-10: We are not certain that all information carriers are qualities. There was a discussion of dropping it.
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy
subclass of: quality
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: quality
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: concretizes
    some values from: information content entity

model number
type: Class
editor preferred term: model number
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A model number is an information content entity specifically borne by catalogs, design specifications, advertising materials, inventory systems and similar that is about manufactured objects of the same class. The model number is an alternative term for the class. The manufactered objects may or may not also bear the model number. Model numbers can be encoded in a variety of other information objects, such as bar codes, numerals, or patterns of dots.
editor note: manufactered items may have more than one model number, sometimes by rebranding, or because companies are sold and the products issued new model numbers
term editor: Person: Alan Ruttenberg
subclass of: symbol

obsolete_material_entity
type: Class
has obsolescence reason: placeholder removed
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

obsolete2_binary digital entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: binary digital entity
example of usage: MS Word document, ZIP file, DICOM file, JPEG file
definition: A binary digital entity is a digital entity that is encoded in a way that is not easily human readable and that contains other than text characters.
editor note: 3/22/2009 Alan Ruttenberg, obsoleted per http://groups.google.com/group/information-ontology/browse_thread/thread/789ad4b7708d5cf4 Superclass was 'digital entity'
editor note: digital_entity
term editor: person:Chris Stoeckert
definition source: OBI_0000244
definition source: group:OBI
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

obsolete_unit of measure
type: Class
example of usage: The length of a ruler.
definition: a unit of measure is the quality of some material entity compared to which another quality is some multiple of.
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

programming language
type: Class
editor preferred term: programming language
example of usage: R, Perl, Java
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A language in which source code is written that is intended to be executed/run by a software interpreter. Programming languages are ways to write instructions that specify what to do, and sometimes, how to do it.
term editor: person:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: person:Chris Stoeckert
definition source: OBI_0000058
definition source: group:OBI
subclass of: plan specification

data item
type: Class
editor preferred term: data item
example of usage: Data items include counts of things, analyte concentrations, and statistical summaries.
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: a data item is an information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements.
editor note: 2/2/2009 Alan and Bjoern discussing FACS run output data. This is a data item because it is about the cell population. Each element records an event and is typically further composed a set of measurment data items that record the fluorescent intensity stimulated by one of the lasers.
editor note: 2009-03-16: data item deliberatly ambiguous: we merged data set and datum to be one entity, not knowing how to define singular versus plural. So data item is more general than datum.
editor note: 2009-03-16: removed datum as alternative term as datum specifically refers to singular form, and is thus not an exact synonym.
editor note: 2014-03-31: See discussion at http://odontomachus.wordpress.com/2014/03/30/aboutness-objects-propositions/
editor note: JAR: datum -- well, this will be very tricky to define, but maybe some information-like stuff that might be put into a computer and that is meant, by someone, to denote and/or to be interpreted by some process... I would include lists, tables, sentences... I think I might defer to Barry, or to Brian Cantwell Smith JAR: A data item is an approximately justified approximately true approximate belief
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Chris Stoeckert
term editor: PERSON: Jonathan Rees
alternative term: data
subclass of: information content entity

symbol
type: Class
editor preferred term: symbol
example of usage: a serial number such as "12324X"
example of usage: a stop sign
example of usage: a written proper name such as "OBI"
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: An information content entity that is a mark(s) or character(s) used as a conventional representation of another entity.
editor note: 20091104, MC: this needs work and will most probably change
editor note: 2014-03-31: We would like to have a deeper analysis of 'mark' and 'sign' in the future (see https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/154).
term editor: PERSON: James A. Overton
term editor: PERSON: Jonathan Rees
definition source: based on Oxford English Dictionary
subclass of: information content entity

numeral
type: Class
editor preferred term: numeral
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A symbol that denotes a number.
term editor: PERSON: Jonathan Rees
subclass of: symbol

information content entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: information content entity
example of usage: Examples of information content entites include journal articles, data, graphical layouts, and graphs.
has curation status: ready for release
definition: A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing.
editor note: 2014-03-10: The use of "thing" is intended to be general enough to include universals and configurations (see https://groups.google.com/d/msg/information-ontology/GBxvYZCk1oc/-L6B5fSBBTQJ).
editor note: information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some digital_entity in obi before split (040907). information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some physical_document in obi before split (040907). Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity that 'is encoded in' some digital or physical entity.
term editor: PERSON: Chris Stoeckert
definition source: OBI_0000142
subclass of: generically dependent continuant
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is about
  some values from: entity

integer numeral
type: Class
editor preferred term: integer numeral
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: a numeral that denotes an integer
term editor: PERSON: Jonathan Rees
subclass of: numeral

scalar measurement datum
type: Class
example of usage: 10 feet. 3 ml.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: a scalar measurement datum is a measurement datum that is composed of two parts, numerals and a unit label.
editor note: 2009-03-16: we decided to keep datum singular in scalar measurement datum, as in this case we explicitly refer to the singular form
editor note: Would write this as: has_part some 'measurement unit label' and has_part some numeral and has_part exactly 2, except for the fact that this won't let us take advantage of OWL reasoning over the numbers. Instead use has measurment value property to represent the same. Use has measurement unit label (subproperty of has_part) so we can easily say that there is only one of them.
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
subclass of: measurement datum
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 1
  on property: has measurement value
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 1
  on property: has measurement unit label

directive information entity
type: Class
has curation status: ready for release
definition: An information content entity whose concretizations indicate to their bearer how to realize them in a process.
editor note: 2009-03-16: provenance: a term realizable information entity was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000337) , edited by the PlanAndPlannedProcess branch. Original definition was "is the specification of a process that can be concretized and realized by an actor" with alternative term "instruction".It has been subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definitionof this, different, term.
editor note: 2013-05-30 Alan Ruttenberg: What differentiates a directive information entity from an information concretization is that it can have concretizations that are either qualities or realizable entities. The concretizations that are realizable entities are created when an individual chooses to take up the direction, i.e. has the intention to (try to) realize it.
editor note: 8/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: Changed label from "information entity about a realizable" after discussions at ICBO
editor note: Werner pushed back on calling it realizable information entity as it isn't realizable. However this name isn't right either. An example would be a recipe. The realizable entity would be a plan, but the information entity isn't about the plan, it, once concretized, *is* the plan. -Alan
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Bjoern Peters
subclass of: information content entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is about
  some values from: realizable entity

time trigger
type: Class
editor preferred term: time trigger
has curation status: uncurated
definition: revisit?
term editor: PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch
definition source: OBI branch derived
definition source: OBI_0000331
subclass of: conditional specification

obsolete_study interpretation
type: Class
editor preferred term: obsolete_study interpretation
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A study interpretation is a textual entity about the implications of a study result. Examples include discussion of whether a hypothesis is false, whether the study failed to address the hypothesis, and whether the study results have led to new hypotheses
editor note: 2009-03-16: definition was "A conclusion is a narrative object which can be published in a paper summerizing and interpreting a protocol application."
editor note: 2009-03-16: work has been done on this term during during the OBI workshop winter 2009 and the current definition was considered acceptable for use in OBI. If there is a need to modify this definition please notify OBI.
editor note: The obsoleting of narrative object required a modest change in the definition of this term. Circularity with "interpretation... interprets" has been removed, using "about the implications" instead.
term editor: Lawrence Hunter
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Jennifer Fostel
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
alternative term: conclusion
definition source: OBI_0000005
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

dot plot
type: Class
editor preferred term: dot plot
example of usage: Dot plot of SSC-H and FSC-H.
has curation status: example to be eventually removed
definition: A dot plot is a report graph which is a graphical representation of data where each data point is represented by a single dot placed on coordinates corresponding to data point values in particular dimensions.
term editor: person:Allyson Lister
term editor: person:Chris Stoeckert
definition source: OBI_0000123
definition source: group:OBI
subclass of: graph

graph
type: Class
editor preferred term: graph
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A diagram that presents one or more tuples of information by mapping those tuples in to a two dimensional space in a non arbitrary way.
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
term editor: person:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: person:Allyson Lister
definition source: OBI_0000240
definition source: group:OBI
subclass of: diagram

has measurement unit label
type: FunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty
range: measurement unit label
sub property of: has part

obsolete2_text based digital entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: text based digital entity
example of usage: XML file, C++ source code file
definition: A text based digital entity is a digital entity that is encoded so that it only contains text characters.
editor note: 3/22/2009 Alan Ruttenberg, obsoleted per http://groups.google.com/group/information-ontology/browse_thread/thread/789ad4b7708d5cf4 superclass was 'digital document'
editor note: digital_entity
term editor: person:Chris Stoeckert
definition source: OBI_0000132
definition source: group:OBI
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

rule
type: Class
editor preferred term: rule
example of usage: example to be added
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: a rule is an executable which guides, defines, restricts actions
editor note: MSI
term editor: PRS
definition source: OBI_0500021
definition source: PRS
subclass of: conditional specification

contour plot
type: Class
editor preferred term: contour plot
example of usage: Contour plot of SSC-H, FSC-H, and FL1-H.
has curation status: example to be eventually removed
editor note: generically_dependent_continuants
term editor: person:Allyson Lister
term editor: person:Chris Stoeckert
definition source: OBI_0000246
definition source: group:Flow Cytometry community
subclass of: graph

obsolete2_report figure
type: Class
editor preferred term: report figure
has curation status: uncurated
definition: A report figure is a report display element that has some aspect of illustration, but may be a composite of figures, images, and other elements
editor note: I prepended the 'report ' to make it clear that we mean parts of reports here. We may want a more generic version of 'figure', in which case this would become a defined class - figure and part_of some report
editor note: Replaced by defined version of figure
term editor: person:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: person:Allyson Lister
definition source: OBI_0000027
definition source: group:OBI
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

algorithm
type: Class
editor preferred term: algorithm
example of usage: PMID: 18378114.Genomics. 2008 Mar 28. LINKGEN: A new algorithm to process data in genetic linkage studies.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A plan specification which describes the inputs and output of mathematical functions as well as workflow of execution for achieving an predefined objective. Algorithms are realized usually by means of implementation as computer programs for execution by automata.
term editor: Philippe Rocca-Serra
term editor: PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch
definition source: OBI_0000270
definition source: adapted from discussion on OBI list (Matthew Pocock, Christian Cocos, Alan Ruttenberg)
subclass of: plan specification

software interpreter
type: Class
editor preferred term: software interpreter
example of usage: R program, Perl interpreter, Java virtual machine
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A software interpreter is a software application that executes some specified input software.
editor note: Do we care? Jennifer: Yes, there was a particular version of R that had a bug and it was fixed later. That would imply that we mean specific version of an interpreter. So an instance of this would be a particular version of the interpreter
term editor: person:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: person:Chris Stoeckert
definition source: OBI_0000199
definition source: group:OBI
subclass of: algorithm

curation status specification
type: Class
editor preferred term: curation status specification
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: The curation status of the term. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value.
editor note: Better to represent curation as a process with parts and then relate labels to that process (in IAO meeting)
term editor: PERSON:Bill Bug
definition source: GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>
definition source: OBI_0000266
subclass of: data about an ontology part
equivalent class: Class
  one of: example to be eventually removed
  one of: metadata complete
  one of: organizational term
  one of: ready for release
  one of: metadata incomplete
  one of: uncurated
  one of: pending final vetting
  one of: to be replaced with external ontology term
  one of: requires discussion

density plot
type: Class
editor preferred term: density plot
example of usage: Density plot of SSC-H and FSC-H.
has curation status: example to be eventually removed
definition: A density plot is a report graph which is a graphical representation of data where the tint of a particular pixel corresponds to some kind of function corresponding the the amount of data points relativelly with their distance from the the pixel.
term editor: person:Allyson Lister
term editor: person:Chris Stoeckert
definition source: OBI_0000179
definition source: group:Flow Cytometry community
subclass of: graph

report
type: Class
editor preferred term: report
example of usage: Examples of reports are gene lists and investigation reports. These are not published (journal) articles but may be included in a journal article.
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: a document assembled by an author for the purpose of providing information for the audience. A report is the output of a documenting process and has the objective to be consumed by a specific audience. Topic of the report is on something that has completed. A report is not a single figure. Examples of reports are journal article, patent application, grant progress report, case report (not patient record)
editor note: 2009-03-16: comment from Darren Natale: I am slightly uneasy with the sentence "Topic of the report is on something that has completed." Should it be restricted to those things that are completed? For example, a progress report is (usually) about something that definitely has *not* been completed, or may include (only) projections. I think the definition would not suffer if the whole sentence is deleted.
editor note: 2009-03-16: this was report of results with definition: A report is a narrative object that is a formal statement of the results of an investigation, or of any matter on which definite information is required, made by some person or body instructed or required to do so.
editor note: 2009-03-16: work has been done on this term during during the OBI workshop winter 2009 and the current definition was considered acceptable for use in OBI. If there is a need to modify this definition please notify OBI.
editor note: 2009-08-10 Alan Ruttenberg: Larry Hunter suggests that this be obsoleted and replaced by 'document'. Alan restored as there are OBI dependencies and this merits further discussion
editor note: disagreement about where reports go. alan: only some gene lists are reports. Is a report all the content of some document? The example of usage suggests that a report may be part of some article. Term needs clarification
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
term editor: PERSON:Chris Stoeckert
definition source: GROUP: OBI
definition source: OBI_0000099
subclass of: document

obsolete_report element
type: Class
editor preferred term: report element
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A report element is a narrative object in which information is presented and consumed by a human being, and is part of a report. Examples of report elements are figure (dot plot), table, text portion (may include a movie or audio clip on a web page).
editor note: 2009-03-16: needs some more work (clarify relations).
editor note: 2009-03-16: was report display element with definition: A report display element is a narrative object that is part of a report. Report display elements are set off from the textual parts of a report and are typically given a label(e.g. Figure 2) which is used to refer to the element from the text. Typically the 2d layout is part of the identity of such elements.
editor note: 2009-03-16: work has been done on this term during during the OBI workshop winter 2009 and the current definition was considered acceptable for use in OBI. If there is a need to modify this definition please notify OBI.
editor note: 2009-08-10 Alan Ruttenberg: Larry Hunter suggests that this be obsoleted and replaced by 'textual entity' and 'figure'. Alan restored as there are OBI dependencies and this merits further discussion
editor note: Replaced by textual entity and figure
editor note: There will be some issue here about whether these are defined classes. As intended these are meant to denote the parts of the report that are not textual but are typically boxed and set within the text, labelled with some identifier, and referred to in the text
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Allyson Lister
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
definition source: GROUP:OBI
definition source: OBI_0000001
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

obsolete2_binary executable
type: Class
editor preferred term: binary executable
definition: Binary executable is a digital entity consisting of the binary representation of machine instructions of a specific processor or they may be binary pseudocode for a virtual machine. A non-source executable file is also called an object program. It is assumed that the binary executable file contains properly-formatted computer instructions. (derived from Wikipedia, Nov 1, 2007)
editor note: 3/22/2009 Alan Ruttenberg, obsoleted per http://groups.google.com/group/information-ontology/browse_thread/thread/789ad4b7708d5cf4 superclass was 'digital entity'
term editor: person:Jennifer Fostel
definition source: OBI_0000222
definition source: group:OBI
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

source code module
type: Class
editor preferred term: source code module
example of usage: The written source code that implements part of an algorithm. Test - if you know that it was written in a specific language, then it can be source code module. We mean here, roughly, the wording of a document such as a perl script.
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A source code module is a directive information entity that specifies, using a programming language, some algorithm.
term editor: person:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: person:Chris Stoeckert
definition source: OBI_0000039
definition source: group:OBI
subclass of: directive information entity

obsolete_report table
type: Class
editor preferred term: report table
has curation status: example to be eventually removed
definition: A report table is a report display element consisting of a matrix of cells layed out in a grid, some set of which are filled with some information content
editor note: 2009-08-10 Alan Ruttenberg: Larry Hunter suggests that this be obsoleted and replaced by 'textual entity table'. Alan restored as there are OBI dependencies and this merits further discussion
term editor: person:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: person:Allyson Lister
definition source: OBI_0000265
definition source: group:OBI
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

data format specification
type: Class
editor preferred term: data format specification
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A data format specification is the information content borne by the document published defining the specification. Example: The ISO document specifying what encompasses an XML document; The instructions in a XSD file
editor note: 2009-03-16: provenance: term imported from OBI_0000187, which had original definition "A data format specification is a plan which organizes information. Example: The ISO document specifying what encompasses an XML document; The instructions in a XSD file"
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch
definition source: OBI branch derived
definition source: OBI_0000187
subclass of: directive information entity

data set
type: Class
editor preferred term: data set
example of usage: Intensity values in a CEL file or from multiple CEL files comprise a data set (as opposed to the CEL files themselves).
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A data item that is an aggregate of other data items of the same type that have something in common. Averages and distributions can be determined for data sets.
editor note: 2009/10/23 Alan Ruttenberg. The intention is that this term represent collections of like data. So this isn't for, e.g. the whole contents of a cel file, which includes parameters, metadata etc. This is more like java arrays of a certain rather specific type
editor note: 2014-05-05: Data sets are aggregates and thus must include two or more data items. We have chosen not to add logical axioms to make this restriction.
term editor: person:Allyson Lister
term editor: person:Chris Stoeckert
definition source: OBI_0000042
definition source: group:OBI
subclass of: data item

image
type: Class
editor preferred term: image
has curation status: ready for release
definition: An image is an affine projection to a two dimensional surface, of measurements of some quality of an entity or entities repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, where the measurements are represented as color and luminosity on the projected on surface.
term editor: person:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: person:Allyson
term editor: person:Chris Stoeckert
definition source: OBI_0000030
definition source: group:OBI
subclass of: figure

data about an ontology part
type: Class
definition: data about an ontology part is a data item about a part of an ontology, for example a term
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
subclass of: data item

failed exploratory term
type: obsolescence reason specification
type: NamedIndividual
type: Thing
definition: The term was used in an attempt to structure part of the ontology but in retrospect failed to do a good job
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg

plan specification
type: Class
editor preferred term: plan specification
example of usage: PMID: 18323827.Nat Med. 2008 Mar;14(3):226.New plan proposed to help resolve conflicting medical advice.
has curation status: ready for release
definition: A directive information entity with action specifications and objective specifications as parts that, when concretized, is realized in a process in which the bearer tries to achieve the objectives by taking the actions specified.
editor note: 2009-03-16: provenance: a term a plan was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000344) , edited by the PlanAndPlannedProcess branch. Original definition was " a plan is a specification of a process that is realized by an actor to achieve the objective specified as part of the plan". It has been subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definitionof this, different, term.
editor note: 2014-03-31: A plan specification can have other parts, such as conditional specifications.
editor note: Alternative previous definition: a plan is a set of instructions that specify how an objective should be achieved
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: OBI Plan and Planned Process branch
definition source: OBI_0000344
comment: 2/3/2009 Comment from OBI review. Action specification not well enough specified. Conditional specification not well enough specified. Question whether all plan specifications have objective specifications. Request that IAO either clarify these or change definitions not to use them
subclass of: directive information entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: objective specification
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: action specification

obsolete2_digital document
type: Class
editor preferred term: digital document
definition: A digital document is a digital entity consisting of an electronic file which can be rendered into human-readable form by one or more computational applications. The digital document does not refer to the information content of the document but to an instance of the file.
editor note: 3/22/2009 Alan Ruttenberg, obsoleted per http://groups.google.com/group/information-ontology/browse_thread/thread/789ad4b7708d5cf4 superclass was 'digial entity'
term editor: person:Jennifer Fostel
definition source: OBI_0000195
definition source: group:OBI
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

measurement datum
type: Class
editor preferred term: measurement datum
example of usage: Examples of measurement data are the recoding of the weight of a mouse as {40,mass,"grams"}, the recording of an observation of the behavior of the mouse {,process,"agitated"}, the recording of the expression level of a gene as measured through the process of microarray experiment {3.4,luminosity,}.
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A measurement datum is an information content entity that is a recording of the output of a measurement such as produced by a device.
editor note: 2/2/2009 is_specified_output of some assay?
term editor: person:Chris Stoeckert
definition source: OBI_0000305
definition source: group:OBI
subclass of: data item

editor preferred term
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: editor preferred term
has curation status: ready for release
definition: The concise, meaningful, and human-friendly name for a class or property preferred by the ontology developers. (US-English)
term editor: PERSON:Daniel Schober
definition source: GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>

example of usage
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: example
has curation status: ready for release
definition: A phrase describing how a term should be used and/or a citation to a work which uses it. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding, such as widely know prototypes or instances of a class, or cases where a relation is said to hold.
term editor: PERSON:Daniel Schober
definition source: GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>

in branch
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: in branch
definition: An annotation property indicating which module the terms belong to. This is currently experimental and not implemented yet.
term editor: GROUP:OBI
definition source: OBI_0000277

has curation status
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: has curation status
term editor: PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON:Bill Bug
term editor: PERSON:Melanie Courtot
definition source: OBI_0000281

definition
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: definition
has curation status: ready for release
definition: The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions.
editor note: 2012-04-05: Barry Smith The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible. Can you fix to something like: A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property. Alan Ruttenberg Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria. On the specifics of the proposed definition: We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition. Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable. We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with.
term editor: PERSON:Daniel Schober
definition source: GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>

editor note
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: editor note
has curation status: ready for release
definition: An administrative note intended for its editor. It may not be included in the publication version of the ontology, so it should contain nothing necessary for end users to understand the ontology.
term editor: PERSON:Daniel Schober
definition source: GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obfoundry.org/obo/obi>

term editor
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: term editor
has curation status: ready for release
definition: Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people
editor note: 20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/115.
term editor: PERSON:Daniel Schober
definition source: GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>

alternative term
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: alternative term
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: An alternative name for a class or property which means the same thing as the preferred name (semantically equivalent)
term editor: PERSON:Daniel Schober
definition source: GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>

definition source
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: definition source
has curation status: ready for release
definition: formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007
term editor: PERSON:Daniel Schober
definition source: Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w
definition source: GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>

metadata complete
type: curation status specification
type: NamedIndividual
type: Thing
definition: Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete.

organizational term
type: curation status specification
type: NamedIndividual
definition: term created to ease viewing/sort terms for development purpose, and will not be included in a release

ready for release
type: curation status specification
type: NamedIndividual
definition: Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release."

metadata incomplete
type: curation status specification
type: NamedIndividual
definition: Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors.

uncurated
type: curation status specification
type: NamedIndividual
definition: Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term.

pending final vetting
type: curation status specification
type: NamedIndividual
definition: All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the term editor.

obsolete_identifier
type: Class
has curation status: organizational term
editor note: _identifier is a container under information content entity for collecting types of terms to indicate a specific instance or clas of what was used or participated in an investigation. Identifiers are borne by a product or its packaging, and can be encoded in a variety of other information objects, such as bar codes, numerals, or patterns of dots. Note: everybody agreed that identifier is probably a too general term. We however felt that it would be appropriate to group "identifiying" terms under some kind of umbrella. We therefore propose to use _identifier for that purpose. As per OBI conventions, the _ prefixing identifier indicates that this is a helper class and shouldn't be considered as final.
has obsolescence reason: placeholder removed
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

version number
type: Class
editor preferred term: version number
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A version number is an information content entity which is a sequence of characters borne by part of each of a class of manufactured products or its packaging and indicates its order within a set of other products having the same name.
editor note: Note: we feel that at the moment we are happy with a general version number, and that we will subclass as needed in the future. For example, see 7. genome sequence version
term editor: GROUP: IAO
subclass of: symbol

serial number
type: Class
editor preferred term: serial number
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A serial number is an information content entity which is a unique sequence of characters borne by part of manufactured product or its packaging that is assigned to each individual in some class of products, and so can serve as a way to identify an individual product within the class. Serial numbers can be encoded in a variety of other information objects, such as bar codes, numerals, or patterns of dots.
editor note: Note: during the call there was some confusion between serial number and model number. We agreed that it would be very helpful for all those terms to have example of usages - please add if you have any :-)
term editor: GROUP: IAO
subclass of: symbol

lot number
type: Class
editor preferred term: lot number
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A lot number is an information content entity which is an identical sequence of character borne by part of manufactured product or its packaging for each instances of a product class in a discrete batch of an item. Lot numbers are usually assigned to each separate production run of an item. Manufacturing as a lot might be due to a variety of reasons, for example, a single process during which many individuals are made from the same portion of source material. Lot numbers can be encoded in a pattern of other information objects, such as bar codes, numerals, or patterns of dots.
term editor: GROUP: IAO
alternative term: batch number
subclass of: symbol

obsolete_specifically denotes
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: The process of creation is, for example, writing down on paper the name of a friend by deliberately creating a certain pattern using ink. Here the ink + paper is the independent continuant and the carrier is the pattern in the ink. c = pattern in the ink b = paper + ink r = friend
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: c specifically denotes r =def r is a portion of reality & c is a particular quality & c depends specifically on some independent continuant b & b acquired c as the result of the achievement of an objective to enable pointing to r repeatedly. Marked means there is a changed or additional quality of the bearer - the quality is the information carrier. Case 1 Memory trace as mark created when reading some description of some friend. The trace can denote. Case 2 Pattern of ink arrayed on paper as mark when writing down a friend's name Case 3 Pattern of magnetic domains on scattered pieces of a hard disk platter as mark when saving a file.
editor note: 8/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: The suggestions is to deprecate specific and generically denotes in favor of a single denote relationship that corresponds to the generic sense
editor note: see https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/25&q=denote
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
sub property of: ObsoleteProperty
deprecated: true

is about
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: This document is about information artifacts and their representations
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: is_about is a (currently) primitive relation that relates an information artifact to an entity.
editor note: 7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg. Following discussion with Jonathan Rees, and introduction of "mentions" relation. Weaken the is_about relationship to be primitive. We will try to build it back up by elaborating the various subproperties that are more precisely defined. Some currently missing phenomena that should be considered "about" are predications - "The only person who knows the answer is sitting beside me" , Allegory, Satire, and other literary forms that can be topical without explicitly mentioning the topic.
term editor: person:Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy
domain: information content entity

setting datum
type: Class
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A settings datum is a datum that denotes some configuration of an instrument.
editor note: 2/3/2009 Feedback from OBI This should be a "setting specification". There is a question of whether it is information about a realizable or not. Pro other specification are about realizables. Cons sometimes specifies a quality which is not a realizable.
editor note: Alan grouped these in placeholder for the moment. Name by analogy to measurement datum.
subclass of: data item

obsolete_digital quality
type: Class
editor note: 3/22/2009 Alan Ruttenberg, obsoleted per http://groups.google.com/group/information-ontology/browse_thread/thread/789ad4b7708d5cf4
editor note: Need to rework digital entity. Digital quality was suggested by Barry.
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

mentions
type: ObjectProperty
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: An information artifact IA mentions an entity E exactly when it has a component/part that denotes E
editor note: 7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg. P4 RC1 munges our GCI so remove it for now: mentions some entity equivalentTo has_part some ('generically denotes' some entity)
editor note: 7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: Add this relation following conversation with Jonathan Rees that N&S GCI for is_about was too strong. Really it was simply sufficient. To effect this change we introduce this relation, which is subproperty of is_about, and have previous GCI use this relation "mentions" in it's (logical) definition
term editor: PERSON: Jonathan Rees
term editor: Person: Alan Ruttenberg
sub property of: is about

conclusion textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: conclusion textual entity
example of usage: that fucoidan has a small statistically significant effect on AT3 level but no useful clinical effect as in-vivo anticoagulant, a paraphrase of part of the last paragraph of the discussion section of the paper 'Pilot clinical study to evaluate the anticoagulant activity of fucoidan', by Lowenthal et. al.PMID:19696660
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A textual entity that expresses the results of reasoning about a problem, for instance as typically found towards the end of scientific papers.
editor note: 2009/09/28 Alan Ruttenberg. Fucoidan-use-case
editor note: 2009/10/23 Alan Ruttenberg: We need to work on the definition still
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
subclass of: textual entity

material information bearer
type: Class
editor preferred term: material information bearer
example of usage: A page of a paperback novel with writing on it. The paper itself is a material information bearer, the pattern of ink is the information carrier.
example of usage: a brain
example of usage: a hard drive
has curation status: ready for release
definition: A material entity in which a concretization of an information content entity inheres.
term editor: GROUP: IAO
subclass of: material entity
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: material entity
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: bearer of
    some values from: Restriction
      on property: concretizes
      some values from: information content entity

histogram
type: Class
editor preferred term: histogram
has curation status: ready for release
definition: A histogram is a report graph which is a statistical description of a distribution in terms of occurrence frequencies of different event classes.
term editor: PERSON:Chris Stoeckert
term editor: PERSON:James Malone
term editor: PERSON:Melanie Courtot
definition source: GROUP:OBI
subclass of: graph

heatmap
type: Class
editor preferred term: heatmap
has curation status: ready for release
definition: A heatmap is a report graph which is a graphical representation of data where the values taken by a variable(s) are shown as colors in a two-dimensional map.
term editor: PERSON:Chris Stoeckert
term editor: PERSON:James Malone
term editor: PERSON:Melanie Courtot
definition source: GROUP:OBI
subclass of: graph

Venn diagram
type: Class
editor preferred term: Venn diagram
has curation status: ready for release
definition: A Venn diagram is a report graph showing all hypothetically possible logical relations between a finite collection of sets.
term editor: PERSON:Chris Stoeckert
term editor: PERSON:James Malone
term editor: PERSON:Melanie Courtot
definition source: WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venn_diagram
subclass of: graph

obsolete_survival curve
type: Class
editor preferred term: obsolete_survival curve
has curation status: ready for release
definition: A survival curve is a report graph which is a graphical representation of data where the percentage of survival is plotted as a function of time.
term editor: PERSON:Chris Stoeckert
term editor: PERSON:James Malone
term editor: PERSON:Melanie Courtot
definition source: WEB: http://www.graphpad.com/www/book/survive.htm
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

dendrogram
type: Class
editor preferred term: dendrogram
example of usage: Dendrograms are often used in computational biology to illustrate the clustering of genes.
has curation status: ready for release
definition: A dendrogram is a report graph which is a tree diagram frequently used to illustrate the arrangement of the clusters produced by a clustering algorithm.
term editor: PERSON:Chris Stoeckert
term editor: PERSON:James Malone
term editor: PERSON:Melanie Courtot
definition source: WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendrogram
subclass of: graph

scatter plot
type: Class
editor preferred term: scatter plot
example of usage: Comparison of gene expression values in two samples can be displayed in a scatter plot
has curation status: ready for release
definition: A scatterplot is a graph which uses Cartesian coordinates to display values for two variables for a set of data. The data is displayed as a collection of points, each having the value of one variable determining the position on the horizontal axis and the value of the other variable determining the position on the vertical axis.
term editor: PERSON:Chris Stoeckert
term editor: PERSON:James Malone
term editor: PERSON:Melanie Courtot
alternative term: scattergraph
definition source: WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scatterplot
subclass of: graph

photograph
type: Class
has curation status: ready for release
definition: A photograph is created by projecting an image onto a photosensitive surface such as a chemically treated plate or film, CCD receptor, etc.
term editor: PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON:Joanne Luciano
term editor: PERSON:Melanie Courtot
definition source: WEB: http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/photograph
subclass of: image

photographic print
type: Class
editor preferred term: photographic print
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A photographic print is a material entity upon which a photograph generically depends.
term editor: PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON:Melanie Courtot
subclass of: material information bearer
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: material entity
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: bearer of
    some values from: Restriction
      on property: concretizes
      some values from: photograph

denotes
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: A person's name denotes the person. A variable name in a computer program denotes some piece of memory. Lexically equivalent strings can denote different things, for instance "Alan" can denote different people. In each case of use, there is a case of the denotation relation obtaining, between "Alan" and the person that is being named.
definition: denotes is a primitive, instance-level, relation obtaining between an information content entity and some portion of reality. Denotation is what happens when someone creates an information content entity E in order to specifically refer to something. The only relation between E and the thing is that E can be used to 'pick out' the thing. This relation connects those two together. Freedictionary.com sense 3: To signify directly; refer to specifically
editor note: 2009-11-10 Alan Ruttenberg. Old definition said the following to emphasize the generic nature of this relation. We no longer have 'specifically denotes', which would have been primitive, so make this relation primitive. g denotes r =def r is a portion of reality there is some c that is a concretization of g every c that is a concretization of g specifically denotes r
term editor: person:Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: Conversations with Barry Smith, Werner Ceusters, Bjoern Peters, Michel Dumontier, Melanie Courtot, James Malone, Bill Hogan
sub property of: is about

obsolete_materially denotes
type: ObjectProperty
editor note: see https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/25&q=denote
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
sub property of: ObsoleteProperty
deprecated: true

is quality measurement of
type: ObjectProperty
definition: m is a quality measurement of q at t when q is a quality there is a measurement process p that has specified output m, a measurement datum, that is about q
editor note: 8/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: The strategy is to be rather specific with this relationship. There are other kinds of measurements that are not of qualities, such as those that measure time. We will add these as separate properties for the moment and see about generalizing later
editor note: From the second IAO workshop [Alan Ruttenberg 8/6/2009: not completely current, though bringing in comparison is probably important] This one is the one we are struggling with at the moment. The issue is what a measurement measures. On the one hand saying that it measures the quality would include it "measuring" the bearer = referring to the bearer in the measurement. However this makes comparisons of two different things not possible. On the other hand not having it inhere in the bearer, on the face of it, breaks the audit trail. Werner suggests a solution based on "Magnitudes" a proposal for which we are awaiting details. -- From the second IAO workshop, various comments, [commented on by Alan Ruttenberg 8/6/2009] unit of measure is a quality, e.g. the length of a ruler. [We decided to hedge on what units of measure are, instead talking about measurement unit labels, which are the information content entities that are about whatever measurement units are. For IAO we need that information entity in any case. See the term measurement unit label] [Some struggling with the various subflavors of is_about. We subsequently removed the relation represents, and describes until and only when we have a better theory] a represents b means either a denotes b or a describes describe: a describes b means a is about b and a allows an inference of at least one quality of b We have had a long discussion about denotes versus describes.
editor note: From the second IAO workshop: An attempt at tieing the quality to the measurement datum more carefully. a is a magnitude means a is a determinate quality particular inhering in some bearer b existing at a time t that can be represented/denoted by an information content entity e that has parts denoting a unit of measure, a number, and b. The unit of measure is an instance of the determinable quality.
editor note: From the second meeting on IAO: An attempt at defining assay using Barry's "reliability" wording assay: process and has_input some material entity and has_output some information content entity and which is such that instances of this process type reliably generate outputs that describes the input.
editor note: This one is the one we are struggling with at the moment. The issue is what a measurement measures. On the one hand saying that it measures the quality would include it "measuring" the bearer = referring to the bearer in the measurement. However this makes comparisons of two different things not possible. On the other hand not having it inhere in the bearer, on the face of it, breaks the audit trail. Werner suggests a solution based on "Magnitudes" a proposal for which we are awaiting details.
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
domain: measurement datum
range: quality
sub property of: is about
equivalent property:
  inverse of: is quality measured as
inverse of: is quality measured as

obsolete_describes
type: ObjectProperty
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
sub property of: ObsoleteProperty
deprecated: true

obsolete_represents
type: ObjectProperty
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
sub property of: ObsoleteProperty
deprecated: true

core
type: Subset
type: NamedIndividual
definition: Core is an instance of a grouping of terms from an ontology or ontologies. It is used by the ontology to identify main classes.
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot

obsolescence reason specification
type: Class
editor preferred term: obsolescence reason specification
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: The reason for which a term has been deprecated. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value.
editor note: The creation of this class has been inspired in part by Werner Ceusters' paper, Applying evolutionary terminology auditing to the Gene Ontology.
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
subclass of: data about an ontology part
equivalent class: Class
  one of: failed exploratory term
  one of: placeholder removed
  one of: terms merged
  one of: term imported
  one of: term split

placeholder removed
type: obsolescence reason specification
type: NamedIndividual
type: Thing

terms merged
type: obsolescence reason specification
type: NamedIndividual
editor note: An editor note should explain what were the merged terms and the reason for the merge.

term imported
type: obsolescence reason specification
type: NamedIndividual
editor note: This is to be used when the original term has been replaced by a term imported from an other ontology. An editor note should indicate what is the URI of the new term to use.

term split
type: obsolescence reason specification
type: NamedIndividual
editor note: This is to be used when a term has been split in two or more new terms. An editor note should indicate the reason for the split and indicate the URIs of the new terms created.

other
type: obsolescence reason specification
type: NamedIndividual
editor note: This is to be used if none of the existing instances cover the reason for obsolescence. An editor note should indicate this new reason.
editor note: We expect to be able to mine these new reasons and add instances as required.
deprecated: true

has obsolescence reason
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: has obsolescence reason
definition: Relates an annotation property to an obsolescence reason. The values of obsolescence reasons come from a list of predefined terms, instances of the class obsolescence reason specification.
term editor: PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON:Melanie Courtot

curator note
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: curator note
has curation status: ready for release
definition: An administrative note of use for a curator but of no use for a user
term editor: PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg

term tracker item
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: term tracker item
example of usage: the URI for an OBI Terms ticket at sourceforge, such as https://sourceforge.net/p/obi/obi-terms/772/
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: An IRI or similar locator for a request or discussion of an ontology term.
term editor: Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg
comment: The 'tracker item' can associate a tracker with a specific ontology term.

ontology term requester
type: AnnotationProperty
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: The name of the person, project, or organization that motivated inclusion of an ontology term by requesting its addition.
term editor: Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg
comment: The 'term requester' can credit the person, organization or project who request the ontology term.

textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: textual entity
example of usage: Words, sentences, paragraphs, and the written (non-figure) parts of publications are all textual entities
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A textual entity is a part of a manifestation (FRBR sense), a generically dependent continuant whose concretizations are patterns of glyphs intended to be interpreted as words, formulas, etc.
editor note: AR, (IAO call 2009-09-01): a document as a whole is not typically a textual entity, because it has pictures in it - rather there are parts of it that are textual entities. Examples: The title, paragraph 2 sentence 7, etc.
editor note: MC, 2009-09-14 (following IAO call 2009-09-01): textual entities live at the FRBR (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_Requirements_for_Bibliographic_Records) manifestation level. Everything is significant: line break, pdf and html versions of same document are different textual entities.
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
alternative term: text
subclass of: information content entity

citation
type: Class
editor preferred term: citation
example of usage: Verspoor, K., Cohen, KB., Hunter, L. Textual characteristics of traditional and Open Access scientific journals are similar, BMC Bioinformatics 2009, 10:183.
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: a textual entity intended to identify a particular publication
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: textual entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is about
  some values from: document

author identification
type: Class
editor preferred term: author identification
example of usage: L. Hunter
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A textual entity intended to identify a particular author
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: written name

institutional identification
type: Class
editor preferred term: institutional identification
example of usage: University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A textual entity intended to identify a particular institution
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: textual entity

caption
type: Class
editor preferred term: caption
example of usage: Figure 1: A system diagram describing the modules of the Hanalyzer. Reading methods (green) take external sources of knowledge (blue) and extract information from them, either by parsing structured data or biomedical language processing to extract information from unstructured data. Reading modules are responsible for tracking the provenance of all knowledge. Reasoning methods (yellow) enrich the knowledge that results from reading by, for example, noting two genes that are annotated to the same ontology term or database entry. All knowledge sources, read or reasoned, are assigned a reliability score, and all are combined using that score into a knowledge network (orange) that represents the integration of all sorts of relationship between a pair of genes and a combined reliability score. A data network (also orange) is created from experimental results to be analyzed. The reporting modules (pink) integrate the data and knowledge networks, producing visualizations that can be queried with the associated drill-down tool.
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A textual entity that describes a figure
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: textual entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is about
  some values from: figure

document title
type: Class
editor preferred term: document title
example of usage: Textual characteristics of traditional and Open Access scientific journals are similar
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A textual entity that names a document
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: textual entity

table
type: Class
editor preferred term: table
example of usage: | T F --+----- T | T F F | F F
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A textual entity that contains a two-dimensional arrangement of texts repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, such that the spatial relationships among the constituent texts expresses propositions
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: textual entity

table of abbreviations
type: Class
editor preferred term: table of abbreviations
example of usage: IAO information artifact ontology OBI ontology of biomedical investiations GO gene ontology
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A table where the constituent texts are abbreviations and their expansions
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: table

figure
type: Class
editor preferred term: figure
example of usage: Any picture, diagram or table
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: An information content entity consisting of a two dimensional arrangement of information content entities such that the arrangement itself is about something.
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: information content entity

diagram
type: Class
editor preferred term: diagram
example of usage: A molecular structure ribbon cartoon showing helices, turns and sheets and their relations to each other in space.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A figure that expresses one or more propositions
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: figure

document
type: Class
editor preferred term: document
example of usage: A journal article, patent application, laboratory notebook, or a book
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A collection of information content entities intended to be understood together as a whole
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: information content entity

publication
type: Class
editor preferred term: publication
example of usage: A journal article or book
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A document that has been accepted by a publisher
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: document

publication about an investigation
type: Class
editor preferred term: publication about an investigation
example of usage: Most scientific journal articles
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A publication that is about an investigation
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
alternative term: scientific publication
subclass of: publication
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is about
  some values from: investigation

patent
type: Class
editor preferred term: patent
example of usage: US Patent 6,449,603
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A document that has been accepted by a patent authority
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: document

document part
type: Class
editor preferred term: document part
example of usage: An abstract, introduction, method or results section.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: an information content entity that is part of a document
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: information content entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  some values from: document

abstract
type: Class
editor preferred term: abstract
example of usage: The profusion of high-throughput instruments and the explosion of new results in the scientific literature, particularly in molecular biomedicine, is both a blessing and a curse to the bench researcher. Even knowledgeable and experienced scientists can benefit from computational tools that help navigate this vast and rapidly evolving terrain. In this paper, we describe a novel computational approach to this challenge, a knowledge-based system that combines reading, reasoning and reporting methods to facilitate analysis of experimental data. Reading methods extract information from external resources, either by parsing structured data or biomedical language processing to extract information from unstructured data, and track knowledge provenance. Reasoning methods enrich the knowledge that results from reading by, for example, noting two genes that are annotated to the same ontology term or database entry. Reasoning is also used to combine all sources into a knowledge network that represents the integration of all sorts of relationships between a pair of genes, and to calculate a combined reliability score. Reporting methods combine the knowledge network with a congruent network constructed from experimental data and visualize the combined network in a tool that facilitates the knowledge-based analysis of that data.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A summary of the entire document that is substantially smaller than the document it summarizes. It is about the document it summarizes.
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is about
  some values from: document

introduction to a publication about an investigation
type: Class
editor preferred term: introduction to a publication about an investigation
example of usage: Section labelled 'introduction' of a typical scientific journal article
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A part of a publication about an investigation that is about the objective specification (why the investigation is being done)
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
alternative term: background
alternative term: introduction
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is about
  some values from: objective specification

methods section
type: Class
editor preferred term: methods section
example of usage: The section labelled 'Methods' or 'Materials and Methods' in a typical scientific journal article.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A part of a publication about an investigation that is about the study design of the investigation
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
alternative term: experimental procedures
alternative term: experimental section
alternative term: experimental
alternative term: methods
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is about
  some values from: study design

results section
type: Class
editor preferred term: results section
example of usage: The section labelled 'results' in a typical scientific journal article
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A part of a publication about an investigation that is about a study design execution
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
alternative term: results
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is about
  some values from: study design execution

discussion section of a publication about an investigation
type: Class
editor preferred term: discussion section of a publication about an investigation
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A part of a publication about an investigation that is about the study interpretation of the investigation
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
alternative term: discussion section
alternative term: discussion
subclass of: document part

references section
type: Class
editor preferred term: references section
example of usage: The list of citations found at the end of a scientific publication, grant proposal or patent application, sometimes called "literature cited" or "bibliography"
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A part of a document that has citations as parts
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: citation

author list
type: Class
editor preferred term: author list
example of usage: Lawrence Hunter and Kevin Brettonel Cohen
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: part of a document that enumerates the authors of the document
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: author identification

institution list
type: Class
editor preferred term: institution list
example of usage: The University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine and the University of Colorado Boulder.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: part of a document that has parts that are institution identifications associated with the authors of the document
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: institutional identification

author contributions section
type: Class
editor preferred term: author contributions section
example of usage: LH conceived of the hypothesis, designed the study and contributed to the writing of the manuscript. KBC executed the experiments, analyzed the data, and contributed to the writing of the manuscript.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A part of a publication that is about the specific contributions of each author
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
alternative term: author contributions
alternative term: contributions by the authors
subclass of: document part

acknowledgements section
type: Class
editor preferred term: acknowledgements section
example of usage: The authors wish to thank Alan Ruttenberg for his constructive comments about an earlier draft of this manuscript
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: Part of a publication that is about the contributions of people or institutions other than the authors.
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
alternative term: acknowledgements
alternative term: acknowledgments
subclass of: document part

footnote
type: Class
editor preferred term: footnote
example of usage: The referent in the text is usually indicated by a special typographic character such as * or a superscripted number, which is also used to indicate the footnote that refers to that text.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A part of a document that is about a specific other part of the document. Usually footnotes are spatially segregated from the rest of the document.
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
alternative term: endnote
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is about
  some values from: document part

supplementary material to a document
type: Class
editor preferred term: supplementary material to a document
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: part of a document that is segregated from the rest of the document due to its size
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
alternative term: additional information
alternative term: appendix
alternative term: supplemental information
alternative term: supplementary material
alternative term: supporting information
subclass of: document part

table of contents
type: Class
editor preferred term: table of contents
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A table that relates document parts to specific locations in a document (usually page numbers). This is also a document part (subsumption there should be inferred).
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: table

table of figures
type: Class
editor preferred term: table of figures
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A table that relates figures in a document to specific locations in that document (usually page numbers). This is also a document part (subsumption there should be inferred).
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: table

running title
type: Class
editor preferred term: running title
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A shorter version of a document title
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: document title

copyright section
type: Class
editor preferred term: copyright section
example of usage: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 United States License.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A document part that describes legal restrictions on making or distributing copies of the document
term editor: PERSON: Lawrence Hunter
subclass of: document part

cartesian spatial coordinate datum
type: Class
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A cartesian spatial coordinate datum is a representation of a point in a spatial region, in which equal changes in the magnitude of a coordinate value denote length qualities with the same magnitude
editor note: 2009-08-18 Alan Ruttenberg - question to BFO list about whether the BFO sense of the lower dimensional regions is that they are always part of actual space (the three dimensional sort) http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-discuss/browse_thread/thread/9d04e717e39fb617
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
curator note: AR notes: We need to discuss whether it should include site.
subclass of: data item
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: has coordinate unit label
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: denotes
  some values from: zero-dimensional spatial region

one dimensional cartesian spatial coordinate datum
type: Class
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A cartesion spatial coordinate datum that uses one value to specify a position along a one dimensional spatial region
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
subclass of: cartesian spatial coordinate datum
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: has x coordinate value
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: denotes
  some values from: Class
    intersection of: zero-dimensional spatial region
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: part of
      some values from: one-dimensional spatial region

two dimensional cartesian spatial coordinate datum
type: Class
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A cartesion spatial coordinate datum that uses two values to specify a position within a two dimensional spatial region
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
subclass of: cartesian spatial coordinate datum
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: has x coordinate value
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: has y coordinate value
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: denotes
  some values from: Class
    intersection of: zero-dimensional spatial region
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: part of
      some values from: two-dimensional spatial region

three dimensional cartesian spatial coordinate datum
type: Class
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A cartesion spatial coordinate datum that uses three values to specify a position within a three dimensional spatial region
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
subclass of: cartesian spatial coordinate datum
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: has x coordinate value
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: has z coordinate value
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: has y coordinate value
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: denotes
  some values from: Class
    intersection of: zero-dimensional spatial region
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: part of
      some values from: three-dimensional spatial region

has x coordinate value
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: cartesian spatial coordinate datum
range: float
sub property of: topDataProperty

has z coordinate value
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: cartesian spatial coordinate datum
range: float
sub property of: topDataProperty

has y coordinate value
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: cartesian spatial coordinate datum
range: float
sub property of: topDataProperty

has coordinate unit label
type: FunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty
comment: relating a cartesian spatial coordinate datum to a unit label that together with the values represent a point
domain: cartesian spatial coordinate datum
range: length unit
sub property of: has part

length measurement datum
type: Class
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A scalar measurement datum that is the result of measurement of length quality
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
subclass of: scalar measurement datum
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has measurement unit label
  some values from: length unit
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is quality measurement of
  some values from: length

denotator type
type: Class
example of usage: The Basic Formal Ontology ontology makes a distinction between Universals and defined classes, where the formal are "natural kinds" and the latter arbitrary collections of entities.
definition: A denotator type indicates how a term should be interpreted from an ontological perspective.
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: Barry Smith, Werner Ceusters
subclass of: data about an ontology part
equivalent class: Class
  one of: universal
  one of: defined class
  one of: named class expression

universal
type: denotator type
type: NamedIndividual
editor note: Hard to give a definition for. Intuitively a "natural kind" rather than a collection of any old things, which a class is able to be, formally. At the meta level, universals are defined as positives, are disjoint with their siblings, have single asserted parents.
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: A Formal Theory of Substances, Qualities, and Universals, http://ontology.buffalo.edu/bfo/SQU.pdf

is denotator type
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: is denotator type
definition: relates an class defined in an ontology, to the type of it's denotator
editor note: In OWL 2 add AnnotationPropertyRange('is denotator type' 'denotator type')
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg

imported from
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: imported from
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: For external terms/classes, the ontology from which the term was imported
term editor: PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON:Melanie Courtot
definition source: GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi>

is duration of
type: ObjectProperty
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: relates a process to a time-measurement-datum that represents the duration of the process
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
domain: time measurement datum
range: process
sub property of: is about

mass measurement datum
type: Class
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A scalar measurement datum that is the result of measurement of mass quality
editor note: 2009/09/28 Alan Ruttenberg. Fucoidan-use-case
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
subclass of: scalar measurement datum
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    all values from: mass unit
    on property: has measurement unit label
  intersection of: Restriction
    all values from: mass
    on property: is quality measurement of

hypothesis textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: hypothesis textual entity
example of usage: that fucoidan has a small statistically significant effect on AT3 level but no useful clinical effect as in-vivo anticoagulant, a paraphrase of part of the last paragraph of the discussion section of the paper 'Pilot clinical study to evaluate the anticoagulant activity of fucoidan', by Lowenthal et. al.PMID:19696660
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A textual entity that expresses an assertion that is intended to be tested.
editor note: 2009/09/28 Alan Ruttenberg. Fucoidan-use-case
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
subclass of: textual entity

time measurement datum
type: Class
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A scalar measurement datum that is the result of measuring a temporal interval
editor note: 2009/09/28 Alan Ruttenberg. Fucoidan-use-case
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
subclass of: scalar measurement datum
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    all values from: time unit
    on property: has measurement unit label
  intersection of: Restriction
    all values from: process
    on property: is duration of

is quality measured as
type: ObjectProperty
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: inverse of the relation of is quality measurement of
editor note: 2009/10/19 Alan Ruttenberg. Named 'junk' relation useful in restrictions, but not a real instance relationship
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
equivalent property:
  inverse of: is quality measurement of

is quality specification of
type: ObjectProperty
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: a relation between a data item and a quality of a material entity where the material entity is the specified output of a material transformation which achieves an objective specification that indicates the intended value of the specified quality.
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: Person:Bjoern Peters
sub property of: is about
equivalent property:
  inverse of: quality is specified as
inverse of: quality is specified as

quality is specified as
type: ObjectProperty
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: inverse of the relation of is quality specification of
editor note: 2009/10/19 Alan Ruttenberg. Named 'junk' relation useful in restrictions, but not a real instance relationship
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: Person:Bjoern Peters
equivalent property:
  inverse of: is quality specification of

defined class
type: denotator type
type: NamedIndividual
definition: A defined class is a class that is defined by a set of logically necessary and sufficient conditions but is not a universal
editor note: "definitions", in some readings, always are given by necessary and sufficient conditions. So one must be careful (and this is difficult sometimes) to distinguish between defined classes and universal.
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg

named class expression
type: denotator type
type: NamedIndividual
definition: A named class expression is a logical expression that is given a name. The name can be used in place of the expression.
editor note: named class expressions are used in order to have more concise logical definition but their extensions may not be interesting classes on their own. In languages such as OWL, with no provisions for macros, these show up as actuall classes. Tools may with to not show them as such, and to replace uses of the macros with their expansions
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg

postal address
type: Class
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A textual entity that is used as directive to deliver something to a person, or organization
editor note: 2010-05-24 Alan Ruttenberg. Use label for the string representation. See issue https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/59
subclass of: textual entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is about
  some values from: geographic location

to be replaced with external ontology term
type: curation status specification
type: NamedIndividual
definition: Terms with this status should eventually replaced with a term from another ontology.
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: group:OBI

expand expression to
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: expand expression to
example of usage: ObjectProperty: RO_0002104 Label: has plasma membrane part Annotations: IAO_0000424 "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.org/obo/owl/GO#GO_0005886 and http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?Y)"
definition: A macro expansion tag applied to an object property (or possibly a data property) which can be used by a macro-expansion engine to generate more complex expressions from simpler ones
term editor: Chris Mungall

expand assertion to
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: expand assertion to
example of usage: ObjectProperty: RO??? Label: spatially disjoint from Annotations: expand_assertion_to "DisjointClasses: (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?X) (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?Y)"
definition: A macro expansion tag applied to an annotation property which can be expanded into a more detailed axiom.
term editor: Chris Mungall

first order logic expression
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: first order logic expression
term editor: PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg

antisymmetric property
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: antisymmetric property
example of usage: part_of antisymmetric property xsd:true
definition: use boolean value xsd:true to indicate that the property is an antisymmetric property
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg

requires discussion
type: curation status specification
type: NamedIndividual
definition: A term that is metadata complete, has been reviewed, and problems have been identified that require discussion before release. Such a term requires editor note(s) to identify the outstanding issues.
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: group:OBI

email address
type: Class
editor preferred term: email address
has curation status: metadata incomplete
editor note: Alan Ruttenberg 1/3/2012 - Provisional id, see issue at https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/130&thanks=130&ts=1325636583
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: Person:Chris Stoeckart
subclass of: information content entity

author role
type: Class
editor preferred term: author role
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A role inhering in a person or organization that is realized when the bearer participates in the work which is the basis of the document, in the writing of the document, and signs it with their name.
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
subclass of: role

data item extraction from journal article
type: Class
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: a planned process in which journal articles are read or processed and data items are extracted, typically for further analysis or indexing
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
subclass of: planned process
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_specified_input
  some values from: journal article
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_specified_output
  some values from: data item

documenting
type: Class
example of usage: Recording the current temperature in a laboratory notebook. Writing a journal article. Updating a patient record in a database.
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: a planned process in which a document is created or added to by including the specified input in it.
editor note: 6/11/9: Edited at OBI workshop. We need to be able identify a child form of information artifact which corresponds to something enduring (not brain like). This used to be restricted to physical document or digital entity as the output, but that excludes e.g. an audio cassette tape
term editor: Bjoern Peters
definition source: wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Documenting
subclass of: planned process
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_specified_input
  some values from: information content entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_specified_output
  some values from: document

line graph
type: Class
editor preferred term: line graph
has curation status: ready for release
definition: A line graph is a type of graph created by connecting a series of data points together with a line.
term editor: PERSON:Chris Stoeckert
term editor: PERSON:Melanie Courtot
alternative term: line chart
definition source: GROUP:OBI
definition source: WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_chart
subclass of: graph

assigning a centrally registered identifier
type: Class
example of usage: A new pubmed ID being created for a journal article, and the associated pubmed record containing information to the journal article. A license plate number registered at the DMV to be belonging to a specific vehicle and owner. Placing a barcode on a product and entering information in a database that this barcode is assigned.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: a planned process in which a new CRID is created, associated with an entity, and stored in the CRID registry thereby registering it as being associated with some entity
editor note: 2014-05-05: It is the CRID registry that assigns CRIDs, not the users of the registry.
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: Person:Bjoern Peters
term editor: Person:Melanie Courtot
alternative term: assigning a CRID
subclass of: planned process
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_specified_output
  some values from: centrally registered identifier symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: centrally registered identifier registry

associating information with a centrally registered identifier in its registry
type: Class
example of usage: Articles in Pubmed are reviewed by curators who add MESH terms to the Pubmed records in order to categorize them better and improve the ability to search for them.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A planned process in which a CRID registry associates an information content entity with a CRID symbol
term editor: PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
alternative term: associating information with a CRID in the CRID registry
subclass of: planned process
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_specified_input
  some values from: information content entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_specified_input
  some values from: centrally registered identifier symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: centrally registered identifier registry

obsolete_establishing a CRID registry
type: Class
definition: a planned process with the objective to establish a system that allows to refer to specific entities of a certain kind and store information about them, by establishing a CRID registry and plan specifications for the process of 1) assigning a CRID and 2) looking up a CRID.
editor note: MC, 20101124: deprecated following discussion at IAO call 20101124. Term was deemed not necessary - no use case for now.
has obsolescence reason: failed exploratory term
subclass of: Obsolete Class
deprecated: true

centrally registered identifier symbol
type: Class
example of usage: The sentence "The article has Pubmed ID 12345." contains a CRID that has two parts: one part is the CRID symbol, which is '12345'; the other part denotes the CRID registry, which is Pubmed.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A symbol that is part of a CRID and that is sufficient to look up a record from the CRID's registry.
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Bill Hogan
term editor: PERSON: Bjoern Peters
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
alternative term: CRID symbol
definition source: Original proposal from Bjoern, discussions at IAO calls
subclass of: symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  some values from: centrally registered identifier

centrally registered identifier
type: Class
example of usage: The sentence "The article has Pubmed ID 12345." contains a CRID that has two parts: one part is the CRID symbol, which is '12345'; the other part denotes the CRID registry, which is Pubmed.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: An information content entity that consists of a CRID symbol and additional information about the CRID registry to which it belongs.
editor note: 2014-05-05: In defining this term we take no position on what the CRID denotes. In particular do not assume it denotes a *record* in the CRID registry (since the registry might not have 'records').
editor note: Alan, IAO call 20101124: potentially the CRID denotes the instance it was associated with during creation.
editor note: Note, IAO call 20101124: URIs are not always CRID, as not centrally registered. We acknowledge that CRID is a subset of a larger identifier class, but this subset fulfills our current needs. OBI PURLs are CRID as they are registered with OCLC. UPCs (Universal Product Codes from AC Nielsen)are not CRID as they are not centrally registered.
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Bill Hogan
term editor: PERSON: Bjoern Peters
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
alternative term: CRID
definition source: Original proposal from Bjoern, discussions at IAO calls
subclass of: information content entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: centrally registered identifier symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: Restriction
    on property: denotes
    some values from: centrally registered identifier registry

centrally registered identifier registry
type: Class
example of usage: PubMed is a CRID registry. It has a dataset of PubMed identifiers associated with journal articles.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A CRID registry is a dataset of CRID records, each consisting of a CRID symbol and additional information which was recorded in the dataset through a assigning a centrally registered identifier process.
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Bill Hogan
term editor: PERSON: Bjoern Peters
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
alternative term: CRID registry
definition source: Original proposal from Bjoern, discussions at IAO calls
subclass of: data set

looking up a centrally registered identifier
type: Class
example of usage: Going to the PubMed website and entering a PubMed ID in order to retrieve the Pubmed information associated with that ID.
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A planned process in which a request to a CRID registry is made to return the information associated with a CRID symbol
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Bill Hogan
term editor: PERSON: Bjoern Peters
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
alternative term: looking up a CRID
subclass of: planned process
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_specified_input
  some values from: centrally registered identifier symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_specified_output
  some values from: information content entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: centrally registered identifier registry

has time stamp
type: FunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: relates a time stamped measurement datum to the time measurement datum that denotes the time when the measurement was taken
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
domain: time stamped measurement datum
range: time measurement datum
sub property of: has part

time stamped measurement datum
type: Class
has curation status: metadata incomplete
subclass of: measurement datum
subclass of: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has time stamp
    some values from: time measurement datum
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has measurement datum
    some values from: measurement datum

has measurement datum
type: ObjectProperty
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: relates a time stamped measurement datum to the measurement datum that was measured
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
domain: time stamped measurement datum
range: Class
  intersection of: measurement datum
  intersection of: Class
    complement of: time measurement datum
sub property of: has part

time sampled measurement data set
type: Class
example of usage: pmid:20604925 - time-lapse live cell microscopy
has curation status: metadata complete
definition: A data set that is an aggregate of data recording some measurement at a number of time points. The time series data set is an ordered list of pairs of time measurement data and the corresponding measurement data acquired at that time.
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
alternative term: experimental time series
subclass of: data set
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: time stamped measurement datum

OBO foundry unique label
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: OBO foundry unique label
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: An alternative name for a class or property which is unique across the OBO Foundry.
editor note: The intended usage of that property is as follow: OBO foundry unique labels are automatically generated based on regular expressions provided by each ontology, so that SO could specify unique label = 'sequence ' + [label], etc. , MA could specify 'mouse + [label]' etc. Upon importing terms, ontology developers can choose to use the 'OBO foundry unique label' for an imported term or not. The same applies to tools .
term editor: PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON:Bjoern Peters
term editor: PERSON:Chris Mungall
term editor: PERSON:Melanie Courtot
definition source: GROUP:OBO Foundry <http://obofoundry.org/>

written name
type: Class
editor preferred term: written name
example of usage: "Bill Clinton"
example of usage: "The Eiffel Tower"
example of usage: "United States of America"
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: A textual entity that denotes a particular in reality.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Hogan
definition source: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/114
curator note: The qualifier "written" is to set it apart from spoken names. Also, note the restrictions to particulars. We are not naming universals. We could however, be naming, attributive collections which are particulars, so "All people located in the boundaries of the city of Little Rock, AR on June 18, 2011 at 9:50a CDT" would be a name.
subclass of: textual entity

software method
type: Class
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A software method (also called subroutine, subprogram, procedure, method, function, or routine) is software designed to execute a specific task.
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
term editor: PERSON: Michel Dumontier
definition source: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/80
subclass of: software

software module
type: Class
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A software module is software composed of a collection of software methods.
term editor: PERSON: Melanei Courtot
term editor: PERSON: Michel Dumontier
definition source: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/80
subclass of: software

software library
type: Class
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A software library is software composed of a collection of software modules and/or software methods in a form that can be statically or dynamically linked to some software application.
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
term editor: PERSON: Michel Dumontier
definition source: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/80
subclass of: software

software application
type: Class
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A software application is software that can be directly executed by some processing unit.
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
term editor: PERSON: Michel Dumontier
definition source: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/80
subclass of: software

software script
type: Class
has curation status: metadata incomplete
definition: A software script is software whose instructions can be executed using a software interpreter.
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
term editor: PERSON: Michel Dumontier
definition source: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/80
subclass of: software

has ID digit count
type: AnnotationProperty
example of usage: Ontology: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/idrange/> Annotations: 'has ID prefix': "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_" 'has ID digit count' : 7, rdfs:label "RO id policy" 'has ID policy for': "RO"
definition: Relates an ontology used to record id policy to the number of digits in the URI. The URI is: the 'has ID prefix" annotation property value concatenated with an integer in the id range (left padded with "0"s to make this many digits)
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg

has ID range allocated to
type: AnnotationProperty
example of usage: Datatype: idrange:1 Annotations: 'has ID range allocated to': "Chris Mungall" EquivalentTo: xsd:integer[> 2151 , <= 2300]
definition: Relates a datatype that encodes a range of integers to the name of the person or organization who can use those ids constructed in that range to define new terms
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg

has ID policy for
type: AnnotationProperty
example of usage: Ontology: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/idrange/> Annotations: 'has ID prefix': "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_" 'has ID digit count' : 7, rdfs:label "RO id policy" 'has ID policy for': "RO"
definition: Relating an ontology used to record id policy to the ontology namespace whose policy it manages
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg

has ID prefix
type: AnnotationProperty
example of usage: Ontology: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/idrange/> Annotations: 'has ID prefix': "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_" 'has ID digit count' : 7, rdfs:label "RO id policy" 'has ID policy for': "RO"
definition: Relates an ontology used to record id policy to a prefix concatenated with an integer in the id range (left padded with "0"s to make this many digits) to construct an ID for a term being created.
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg

elucidation
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: elucidation
term editor: person:Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: Person:Barry Smith
elucidation: Primitive terms in a highest-level ontology such as BFO are terms which are so basic to our understanding of reality that there is no way of defining them in a non-circular fashion. For these, therefore, we can provide only elucidations, supplemented by examples and by axioms

has associated axiom(nl)
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: has associated axiom(nl)
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
elucidation: An axiom associated with a term expressed using natural language

has associated axiom(fol)
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: has associated axiom(fol)
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
elucidation: An axiom expressed in first order logic using CLIF syntax

is allocated id range
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: is allocated id range
definition: Add as annotation triples in the granting ontology
definition: Relates an ontology IRI to an (inclusive) range of IRIs in an OBO name space. The range is give as, e.g. "IAO_0020000-IAO_0020999"
term editor: PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg

retired from use as of
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: retired from use as of
definition: relates a class of CRID to the date after which further instances should not be made, according to the central authority
editor note: In OWL 2 add AnnotationPropertyRange xsd:dateTimeStamp
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg

abbreviation textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: abbreviation textual entity
example of usage: From Shiba et al. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2013; 1: 45. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3893467/): BAC: Bacterial artificial chromosome; CR: Calretinin; GFAP: Glial fibrillary acidic protein; MAP: Microtubule-associated protein; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; NSC: Neural stem cell; PDA: Patent ductus arteriosus; PMG: Polymicrogyria; PNH: Periventricular nodular heterotopia; VSD: Ventricular septal defect.
definition: A textual entity listing abbreviations and their expansions that are used in a document.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

abbreviations section
type: Class
editor preferred term: abbreviations section
example of usage: The section labelled 'abbreviations' in a typical scientific journal article.
definition: A part of a document where abbreviations and their long-forms used within the document are listed.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: abbreviations list
alternative term: abbreviations used
alternative term: abbreviations
alternative term: list of abbreviations used
alternative term: list of abbreviations
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: abbreviation textual entity

author information section
type: Class
editor preferred term: author information section
example of usage: The section labelled 'author information' in a typical scientific journal article, e.g. in Takon. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2011; 10: 25. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3204268/)
definition: A part of a document about the authors that provides biographical information and may discuss how the authors' professional experiences are relevant to the work described in the document.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: author information
alternative term: authors’ information
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: author information textual entity

author information textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: author information textual entity
example of usage: From Takon. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2011; 10: 25. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3204268/): IT [the author] is the lead paediatrician for ADHD services in East Hertfordshire, UK, where she runs a weekly joint ADHD clinic with the Child and Adolescent psychiatrist and works within an ADHD specialist team. IT also sees children with other neurodisability issues who may have comorbid ADHD, where the presentation may be more complex and challenging to manage. IT has vast experience in managing children with complex ADHD. She has 18 years of experience in paediatrics and also has extensive experience in the use of psychopharmacologic agents in managing children with ADHD.
definition: A textual entity expression information about an author of a document. This information may include biographical information and may discuss how the authors' professional experiences are relevant to the work described in the document.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

author summary section
type: Class
editor preferred term: author summary section
example of usage: The section labelled 'synopsis' in a typical scientific journal article, e.g. in Pendse et al. BMC Genomics. 2013; 14: 136. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3608171/)
definition: A part of a document, distinct from the abstract, that describes the significance and broader context of the document content. The author summary is often written in a non-technical manner and is aimed at both scientists and non-scientist readers.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: author summary
alternative term: summary
alternative term: synopsis
definition source: Article submission guidelines for PLoS Genetics (http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/s/submission-guidelines)
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: author summary textual entity

author summary textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: author summary textual entity
example of usage: From Pendse et al. BMC Genomics. 2013; 14: 136. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3608171/): The search for genetic risk factors for common human diseases often relies on the use of linkage and association studies to establish correlation between genomic markers and disease risk. These studies require additional functional evaluation of candidate genes, including their possible interaction with diet and environment. The number of candidate genes is typically large and the development of appropriate genetic tools in mammalian systems is slow. By contrast, large-scale genetic screens, using widely available genetic tools, are routinely conducted in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. In this study, we used Drosophila to screen candidate genes identified in human genome-wide scans as associated with risk of metabolic abnormalities such as type 2 diabetes. We show that a number of human candidate genes have fly orthologs that play an important role in Drosophila tolerance to high dietary sucrose. We further explored some of the specific metabolic abnormalities that can result when these genes’ activities are reduced in flies, focusing on a gene we call dHHEX (CG7056), the fly ortholog of human HHEX.
definition: A textual entity, distinct from the abstract, that describes the significance and broader context of the document content. The author summary is often written in a non-technical manner and is aimed at both scientists and non-scientist readers, e.g as described in the article submission guidelines for PLoS Genetics (http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/s/submission-guidelines).
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
definition source: Article submission guidelines for PLoS Genetics (http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/s/submission-guidelines).
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

availability section
type: Class
editor preferred term: availability section
example of usage: The section labelled 'availability and requirements' in a typical scientific journal article, e.g. Qi et al. BMC Bioinformatics. 2014; 15: 11. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3897912/).
definition: A part of a document about a resource described in the document, e.g. software, that describes where and/or how that resource can be obtained.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: availability
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: availability textual entity

availability textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: availability textual entity
example of usage: From Qi et al. BMC Bioinformatics. 2014; 15: 11. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3897912/): Project home page:http://krux.googlecode.com
definition: A textual entity expressing the location of a resource, e.g. software, or the manner in which a resource can be obtained.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

case report section
type: Class
editor preferred term: case report section
example of usage: The section labelled 'case report' in a typical scientific journal article, e.g. in Taglia et al. Acta Myol. 2012 Dec; 31(3): 201–203. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3631801/)
definition: A part of a document about the medical history of a specific patient as it relates to the topic of the document.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: case presentation
alternative term: case report
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: case report textual entity

case report textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: case report textual entity
example of usage: Excerpt from Taglia et al. Acta Myol. 2012 Dec; 31(3): 201–203. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3631801/): The patient is a 50-year-old man. His medical history was not contributory. At the age of 37 years, he complained of persistent fatigue and dyspnoea even for modest efforts and oedema of lower limbs. The patient was examined at the department of internal medicine of the local hospital, and hospitalised with a diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy probably consequence of a myocarditis process. Soon after he was transferred to the cardiologic department of the regional hospital, and pharmacologically treated for heart failure and pulmonary hypertension.
definition: A textual entity that expresses a detailed account of a portion of the medical history for a specific patient.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

conclusion section
type: Class
editor preferred term: conclusion section
example of usage: The section labelled 'conclusion' in a typical scientific journal article.
definition: A part of a document used to summarize the findings discussed in the document. The conclusion section is typically found near the end of a document.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: concluding remarks
alternative term: conclusion
alternative term: conclusions
alternative term: findings
alternative term: summary
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: conclusion textual entity

conflict of interest section
type: Class
editor preferred term: conflict of interest section
example of usage: The section labelled 'conflict of interest statement' in a typical scientific journal article.
definition: A part of a document used to declare any competing interests regarding the authors and/or funding organization for the work described in the document.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: competing interests
alternative term: conflict of interest statement
alternative term: conflict of interest
alternative term: declaration of competing interests
alternative term: disclosure of potential conflicts of interest
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: conflict of interest textual entity

conflict of interest textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: conflict of interest statement
example of usage: SD [an author] is a Merck employee and Merck is the sponsor of this study. [Taken from 'Effects of obstructive sleep apnoea risk on postoperative respiratory complications: protocol for a hospital-based registry study' Shin et al. 2016 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4735131/)]
definition: A textual entity that expresses a situation involving one or more of the authors, or the funding source of a document whereby the authors or funding source stand to potentially gain (typically financially) from the results reported in the document.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

consent section
type: Class
editor preferred term: consent section
example of usage: The section labelled 'consent' in a typical scientific journal article, e.g. Shiba et al. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2013; 1: 45. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3893467/)
definition: A part of a document about the consent process that was used to enroll patients in a study.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: consent
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: consent textual entity

consent textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: consent textual entity
example of usage: From Shiba et al. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2013; 1: 45. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3893467/): Written informed consent was obtained from the patient’s parents for publication of this Case report and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in chief of this journal.
definition: A textual entity that documents the consenting process used to enroll patients in a study.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

ethical approval section
type: Class
editor preferred term: ethical approval section
example of usage: The section labelled 'ethical approval' in a typical scientific journal article.
definition: A part of a document about the governance body responsible for approving the work discussed in a document on an ethical basis.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: ethical approval
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: ethical approval textual entity

ethical approval textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: ethical approval textual entity
example of usage: From McLean et al. Br J Gen Pract. 2014 Jul; 64(624): e440–e447 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4073730/): The NHS National Research Ethics Service had previously approved the use of these anonymised data for research purposes and this analysis did not require independent review.
definition: A textual entity that documents the ethical approval of some study design.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is about
  some values from: study design

figures section
type: Class
editor preferred term: figures section
example of usage: The section labelled 'figures' in a typical scientific journal article.
definition: A part of a document that contains one or more figures.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: figures
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: figure

funding source declaration section
type: Class
editor preferred term: funding source declaration section
example of usage: The section labelled 'funding' in a typical scientific journal article.
definition: A part of a document used to detail information regarding the source of funding used in support of the generation of the document content.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: funding information
alternative term: funding sources
alternative term: funding statement
alternative term: funding
alternative term: funding/support
alternative term: source of funding
alternative term: sources of funding
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: funding source declaration textual entity

funding source declaration textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: funding souce declaration textual entity
example of usage: From Stephan et al. Accid Anal Prev. 2011 May; 43(3): 1062–1067. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3062852/): This study was supported by the International Collaborative Research Grants Scheme with joint grants from the Wellcome Trust UK (GR071587MA) and the Australian NHMRC (268055). The funding sources played no role in study design, data collection, analysis or interpretation, writing the report, or the decision to submit the paper for publication.
definition: A textual entity documenting the source of funding that supported some study.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

future directions section
type: Class
editor preferred term: future directions section
example of usage: The section labelled 'future directions' in a typical scientific journal article.
definition: A part of a document detailing extensions of the described work that may be implemented at some future point in time.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: future challenges
alternative term: future considerations
alternative term: future developments
alternative term: future directions
alternative term: future outlook
alternative term: future perspectives
alternative term: future plans
alternative term: future prospects
alternative term: future research directions
alternative term: future research
alternative term: future studies
alternative term: future work
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: future directions textual entity

future directions textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: future directions textual entity
example of usage: Excerpt from Wang and Li. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2016 Jan; 37(1): 25–33. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4722976/): In the future, several questions will need to be resolved regarding the physiological assembly of KCNQ channels and their functional implications in complex neural circuits. First, we still lack sufficiently selective inhibitors and activators among the KCNQ family members.
definition: A textual entity expressing ideas regarding future work relevant to work described in a document that could be done.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

genome announcement section
type: Class
editor preferred term: genome announcement section
example of usage: The section labelled 'genome announcement' in a typical scientific journal article, e.g. in Kim et al. J Bacteriol. 2011 Oct; 193(19): 5537. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3187466/)
definition: A document part announcing the publication of a novel draft genome sequence.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: genome announcement
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: genome announcement textual entity

genome announcement textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: genome announcement textual entity
example of usage: Excerpt from Kim et al. J Bacteriol. 2011 Oct; 193(19): 5537. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3187466/): Here we report the genome sequence of Lactobacillus malefermentans KCTC 3548, which we obtained using a whole-genome shotgun strategy (4) with Roche 454 GS (FLX Titanium) pyrosequencing (257,559 reads totaling ∼89.8 Mb; ∼45-fold coverage of the genome) at the Genome Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB).
definition: A textual entity that describes the generation and public release of a novel, draft genome sequence.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

keyword textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: keyword textual entity
example of usage: From: Fu and Lin. Identification of gene-oriented exon orthology between human and mouse. BMC Genomics. 2012; 13(Suppl 1): S10. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3303729/): Exon orthology; alternative splicing; exon duplication; intron-exon structure.
definition: A textual entity listing keywords indicating the major theme(s) of a document.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

keywords section
type: Class
editor preferred term: keywords section
example of usage: The section labelled 'keywords' in a typical scientific journal article.
definition: A part of a document where keywords selected by the author to categorize the major theme(s) of a document are listed.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: keywords
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: keyword textual entity

study limitations section
type: Class
editor preferred term: study limitations section
example of usage: The section labelled 'limitations' in a typical scientific journal article.
definition: A part of a document about biases or short comings related to the study design and execution.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: limitations
alternative term: study limitations
definition source: Author guidelines published by The Society for Academic Emergency Medicine. (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1553-2712/homepage/ForAuthors.html)
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: study limitations textual entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is about
  some values from: study design

study limitations textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: study limitations textual entity
example of usage: Excerpt from the Limitations section of Fermann et al 2015, Acad Emerg Med. 2015 Mar; 22(3): 299–307 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4405051/). Owing to the nature of a post hoc study, any significant values must be interpreted with caution. In the current analysis, no multiple testing was conducted and p-values remain unadjusted. Moreover, a selection bias arising from the randomized open-label design of the original EINSTEIN PE study cannot be ruled out.
definition: A textual entity addressing a shortcoming or bias of a study design or execution.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
definition source: Author guidelines published by The Society for Academic Emergency Medicine. (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1553-2712/homepage/ForAuthors.html)
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

materials section
type: Class
editor preferred term: materials section
example of usage: The section labelled 'materials' in a typical scientific journal article, e.g. Nguyen et al. BMC Bioinformatics. 2010; 11: 279. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2889936/)
definition: A part of a document about the materials required to reproduce the content of the document.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: materials
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part

notes section
type: Class
editor preferred term: notes section
example of usage: The section labelled 'notes' in a typical scientific journal article, e.g. McLean et al. Br J Gen Pract. 2014 Jul; 64(624): e440–e447 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4073730/):
definition: A part of a document containing typically short notes about the document itself and/or the authors. Often the notes section contains subsections related to funding, competing interests, ethical approval, etc.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: footnotes
alternative term: notes
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part

patients section
type: Class
editor preferred term: patients section
example of usage: The section labelled 'patients' in a typical scientific journal article, e.g. in Citak et al. Acta Orthop. 2013 Jun; 84(3): 326–327. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3715825/)
definition: A part of a document about the patients that participated in a study.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: patients textual entity

patients textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: patients textual entity
example of usage: Excerpt from Citak et al. Acta Orthop. 2013 Jun; 84(3): 326–327. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3715825/): Between January 1996 and February 2012, we treated 4 patients with interprosthetic femoral fractures (3 of them women) (Figure 2) using a custom-made interposition device (Waldemar Link GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) (Figure 1). Mean age was 74 (59–86) years. The fractures occurred mean 18 (13–28) years after primary THA and mean 14 (10–17) years after primary TKA. At the latest follow-up, after mean 8 (0.5–16) years, revision surgery with a total femur replacement was required in 1 case due to aseptic loosening. No other complications requiring revision surgery occurred.
definition: A textual entity expressing information regarding the patients used in a study.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

pre-publication history section
type: Class
editor preferred term: pre-publication history section
example of usage: The section labelled 'pre-publication history' in a typical scientific journal article, e.g. in Xiao et al. BMC Anesthesiol. 2013; 13: 33. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4016475/)
definition: A part of the document about the publication history of a document. This section typically details dates of document submission to a journal and dates of any re-submissions as well as reviewer comments and responses to reviewers by the authors.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: notice of republication
alternative term: pre-publication history
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: pre-publication history textual entity

pre-publication history textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: pre-publication history textual entity
example of usage: From Xiao et al. BMC Anesthesiol. 2013; 13: 33. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4016475/): The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2253/13/33/prepub
definition: A textual entity that expresses the pre-publication history (submission dates, reviewer comments, etc) for a document, often including a hyperlink to a web page detailing the information.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

related work section
type: Class
editor preferred term: related work section
example of usage: The section labelled 'related work' in a typical scientific journal article, e.g. Žitnik and Zupan. Bioinformatics. 2015 Jun 15; 31(12): i230–i239. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4542780/)
definition: A part of a document about work in other publications that is relevant to the content of the document.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: related literature
alternative term: related work
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: related work textual entity

related work textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: related work textual entity
example of usage: Excerpt from Žitnik and Zupan. Bioinformatics. 2015 Jun 15; 31(12): i230–i239. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4542780/): Our work presented here is similar in spirit to our recently developed methodology for data fusion via collective matrix factorization (Žitnik and Zupan, 2015).
definition: A textual entity that discusses work from other publications and expresses their relevancy to the content of a document.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

requirements section
type: Class
editor preferred term: requirements section
example of usage: The section labelled 'availability and requirements' in a typical scientific journal article, e.g. Qi et al. BMC Bioinformatics. 2014; 15: 11. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3897912/).
definition: A part of a document about a resource described in the document, e.g. software, that describes the requirements necessary to use the resource, e.g. operating systems, hardware, etc. in the case of a software resource.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: requirements
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: requirements textual entity

requirements textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: requirements textual entity
example of usage: From Qi et al. BMC Bioinformatics. 2014; 15: 11. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3897912/): • Operating systems: Platform independent • Programming language: Matlab, R, Python • Other requirements: None • License: GNU GPL v3 • Any restrictions to use by non-academics: None
definition: A textual entity that expresses the requirements necessary to use a resource, e.g. software.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

statistical analysis textual entity
type: Class
editor preferred term: statistical analysis textual entity
example of usage: From Mondo et al. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2013 Mar; 24(2): 28–33. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3734881/): Data were captured into EPI-DATA (version 3.1), cleaned and then exported to Stata version 10 for analysis. Continuous variables were summarised as mean (± standard deviation) and median (inter-quartile range), and presented in the tables. Categorical data were analysed using frequency and percentages, and results are presented in frequency tables and bar charts. Test of significance (p-value) was determined using the chi-square test. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
definition: A textual entity documenting statistical analysis tools and techniques employed.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: textual entity

statistical analysis section
type: Class
editor preferred term: statistical analysis section
example of usage: The section labelled 'statistical analysis' in a typical scientific journal article, e.g. Mondo et al. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2013 Mar; 24(2): 28–33. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3734881/)
definition: A part of the document used to describe the statistical methodologies employed in the work presented in the document.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: statistical analysis
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: statistical analysis textual entity

tables section
type: Class
editor preferred term: tables section
example of usage: The section labelled 'tables' in a typical scientific journal article.
definition: A part of a document that contains one or more tables.
term editor: PERSON: Bill Baumgartner
alternative term: tables
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/183
subclass of: document part
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has part
  some values from: table

database extract, transform, and load process
type: Class
editor preferred term: database extract, transform, and load process
definition: A planned process which takes as input a database and fills another database by extracting concretizations of information entities from the first, transforming them, and loading the transformed concretizations into the second.
editor note: Alan Ruttenberg 12/21/16: Maybe this definition instead: A planned process which takes as input a database and copies concretizations from the first, optionally transforms then copies the result to the second
editor note: Alan Ruttenberg 12/21/16: We don't define database in IAO, currently, as the bare word is ambiguous. Reasonable interpretations of the word might be the material entity, an information structure, an information content entity. However this definition commits, at least, to there being some material thing which bear concretizations of information entities and that there are new concretizations created during the process. We consider the ETL process in terms of information entities rather than the concretizations. No committment is made as to whether the specified output.
term editor: PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg
alternative term: ETL
definition source: WEB:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extract,_transform,_load
term tracker item: https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/187
subclass of: planned process
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_specified_input
  some values from: information content entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_specified_output
  some values from: information content entity

has axiom label
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: has axiom id
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
elucidation: A URI that is intended to be unique label for an axiom used for tracking change to the ontology. For an axiom expressed in different languages, each expression is given the same URI

term replaced by
type: AnnotationProperty
editor preferred term: term replaced by
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: Add as annotation triples in the granting ontology
definition: Use on obsolete terms, relating the term to another term that can be used as a substitute
term editor: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
definition source: Person:Alan Ruttenberg

planned process
type: Class
editor preferred term: planned process
definition: A processual entity that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification.
imported from: obi.owl
subclass of: process

investigation
type: Class
editor preferred term: investigation
definition: a planned process that consists of parts: planning, study design execution, documentation and which produce conclusion(s).
imported from: obi.owl
subclass of: planned process

has_specified_input
type: ObjectProperty
editor preferred term: has_specified_input
example of usage: see is_input_of example_of_usage
has curation status: ready for release
definition: A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process that is not created during the process. The presence of the continuant during the process is explicitly specified in the plan specification which the process realizes the concretization of.
editor note: 8/17/09: specified inputs of one process are not necessarily specified inputs of a larger process that it is part of. This is in contrast to how 'has participant' works.
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Bjoern Peters
term editor: PERSON: Larry Hunter
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Coutot
imported from: obi.owl
domain: planned process
sub property of: has participant
equivalent property:
  inverse of: is_specified_input_of
inverse of: is_specified_input_of

is_specified_input_of
type: ObjectProperty
equivalent property:
  inverse of: has_specified_input

has_specified_output
type: ObjectProperty
editor preferred term: has_specified_output
has curation status: ready for release
definition: A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process. The presence of the continuant at the end of the process is explicitly specified in the objective specification which the process realizes the concretization of.
term editor: PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON: Bjoern Peters
term editor: PERSON: Larry Hunter
term editor: PERSON: Melanie Courtot
imported from: obi.owl
domain: planned process
sub property of: has participant
equivalent property:
  inverse of: is_specified_output_of
inverse of: is_specified_output_of

is_specified_output_of
type: ObjectProperty
editor preferred term: is_specified_output_of
has curation status: ready for release
definition: A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process. The presence of the continuant at the end of the process is explicitly specified in the objective specification which the process realizes the concretization of.
term editor: Alan Ruttenberg
term editor: PERSON:Bjoern Peters
imported from: obi.owl
range: planned process
sub property of: participates in
equivalent property:
  inverse of: has_specified_output

study design execution
type: Class
editor preferred term: study design execution
definition: a planned process that carries out a study design
imported from: obi.owl
subclass of: planned process

study design
type: Class
editor preferred term: study design
definition: A plan specification comprised of protocols (which may specify how and what kinds of data will be gathered) that are executed as part of an investigation and is realized during a study design execution.
imported from: obi.owl
subclass of: plan specification

length
type: Class
editor preferred term: length
definition: A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points.
imported from: pato.owl
subclass of: quality

mass
type: Class
editor preferred term: mass
definition: A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the proportion of the bearer's amount of matter.
imported from: pato.owl
subclass of: quality

inheres in
type: ObjectProperty
editor preferred term: inheres in
example of usage: this fragility inheres in this vase
example of usage: this red color inheres in this apple
definition: a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent) and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
editor note: A dependent inheres in its bearer at all times for which the dependent exists.
alternative term: inheres_in
temporal interpretation: axiom holds for all times
equivalent property:
  inverse of: bearer of
inverse of: bearer of

bearer of
type: ObjectProperty
editor preferred term: bearer of
example of usage: this apple is bearer of this red color
example of usage: this vase is bearer of this fragility
definition: a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
editor note: A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist.
alternative term: bearer_of
alternative term: is bearer of
temporal interpretation: axiom holds for all times
range: specifically dependent continuant
equivalent property:
  inverse of: inheres in

participates in
type: ObjectProperty
editor preferred term: participates in
example of usage: this blood clot participates in this blood coagulation
example of usage: this input material (or this output material) participates in this process
example of usage: this investigator participates in this investigation
definition: a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
alternative term: participates_in
domain: continuant
range: occurrent
equivalent property:
  inverse of: has participant
inverse of: has participant

has participant
type: ObjectProperty
editor preferred term: has participant
example of usage: this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot
example of usage: this investigation has participant this investigator
example of usage: this process has participant this input material (or this output material)
definition: a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
editor note: Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time.
alternative term: has_participant
Source: http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant
domain: occurrent
range: continuant
equivalent property:
  inverse of: participates in

is concretized as
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: A journal article is an information artifact that inheres in some number of printed journals. For each copy of the printed journal there is some quality that carries the journal article, such as a pattern of ink. The journal article (a generically dependent continuant) is concretized as the quality (a specifically dependent continuant), and both depend on that copy of the printed journal (an independent continuant).
example of usage: An investigator reads a protocol and forms a plan to carry out an assay. The plan is a realizable entity (a specifically dependent continuant) that concretizes the protocol (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on the investigator (an independent continuant). The plan is then realized by the assay (a process).
definition: A relationship between a generically dependent continuant and a specifically dependent continuant, in which the generically dependent continuant depends on some independent continuant in virtue of the fact that the specifically dependent continuant also depends on that same independent continuant. A generically dependent continuant may be concretized as multiple specifically dependent continuants.
domain: generically dependent continuant
range: specifically dependent continuant
equivalent property:
  inverse of: concretizes
inverse of: concretizes

concretizes
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: A journal article is an information artifact that inheres in some number of printed journals. For each copy of the printed journal there is some quality that carries the journal article, such as a pattern of ink. The quality (a specifically dependent continuant) concretizes the journal article (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on that copy of the printed journal (an independent continuant).
example of usage: An investigator reads a protocol and forms a plan to carry out an assay. The plan is a realizable entity (a specifically dependent continuant) that concretizes the protocol (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on the investigator (an independent continuant). The plan is then realized by the assay (a process).
definition: A relationship between a specifically dependent continuant and a generically dependent continuant, in which the generically dependent continuant depends on some independent continuant in virtue of the fact that the specifically dependent continuant also depends on that same independent continuant. Multiple specifically dependent continuants can concretize the same generically dependent continuant.
domain: specifically dependent continuant
range: generically dependent continuant
equivalent property:
  inverse of: is concretized as

function of
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: this catalysis function is a function of this enzyme
definition: a relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
editor note: A function inheres in its bearer at all times for which the function exists, however the function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists.
alternative term: function_of
alternative term: is function of
domain: function
sub property of: inheres in
equivalent property:
  inverse of: has function
inverse of: has function

quality of
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: this red color is a quality of this apple
definition: a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
editor note: A quality inheres in its bearer at all times for which the quality exists.
alternative term: is quality of
alternative term: quality_of
sub property of: inheres in
equivalent property:
  inverse of: has quality
inverse of: has quality

role of
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: this investigator role is a role of this person
definition: a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
editor note: A role inheres in its bearer at all times for which the role exists, however the role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
alternative term: is role of
alternative term: role_of
sub property of: inheres in
equivalent property:
  inverse of: has role
inverse of: has role

has function
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: this enzyme has function this catalysis function (more colloquially: this enzyme has this catalysis function)
definition: a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
editor note: A bearer can have many functions, and its functions can exist for different periods of time, but none of its functions can exist when the bearer does not exist. A function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists.
alternative term: has_function
domain: independent continuant
range: function
sub property of: bearer of
equivalent property:
  inverse of: function of

has quality
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: this apple has quality this red color
definition: a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
editor note: A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist.
alternative term: has_quality
range: quality
sub property of: bearer of
equivalent property:
  inverse of: quality of

has role
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator)
definition: a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
editor note: A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
alternative term: has_role
domain: independent continuant
range: role
sub property of: bearer of
equivalent property:
  inverse of: role of

has disposition
type: ObjectProperty
definition: a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a disposition, in which the disposition specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
domain: independent continuant
range: disposition
sub property of: bearer of
equivalent property:
  inverse of: disposition of
inverse of: disposition of

disposition of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: inheres in
equivalent property:
  inverse of: has disposition

derives from
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: this cell derives from this parent cell (cell division)
example of usage: this nucleus derives from this parent nucleus (nuclear division)
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: a relation between two distinct material entities, the new entity and the old entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity
editor note: This is a very general relation. More specific relations are preferred when applicable, such as 'directly develops from'.
alternative term: derives_from
equivalent property:
  inverse of: derives into
inverse of: derives into

derives into
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: this parent cell derives into this cell (cell division)
example of usage: this parent nucleus derives into this nucleus (nuclear division)
has curation status: pending final vetting
definition: a relation between two distinct material entities, the old entity and the new entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity
editor note: This is a very general relation. More specific relations are preferred when applicable, such as 'directly develops into'. To avoid making statements about a future that may not come to pass, it is often better to use the backward-looking 'derives from' rather than the forward-looking 'derives into'.
alternative term: derives_into
equivalent property:
  inverse of: derives from

location of
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
editor preferred term: is location of
example of usage: my head is the location of my brain
example of usage: this cage is the location of this rat
definition: a relation between two independent continuants, the location and the target, in which the target is entirely within the location
editor note: Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime
alternative term: location_of
temporal interpretation: axiom holds for all times
equivalent property:
  inverse of: located in
inverse of: located in

located in
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
editor preferred term: located in
example of usage: my brain is located in my head
example of usage: this rat is located in this cage
definition: a relation between two independent continuants, the target and the location, in which the target is entirely within the location
editor note: Location as a relation between instances: The primitive instance-level relation c located_in r at t reflects the fact that each continuant is at any given time associated with exactly one spatial region, namely its exact location. Following we can use this relation to define a further instance-level location relation - not between a continuant and the region which it exactly occupies, but rather between one continuant and another. c is located in c1, in this sense, whenever the spatial region occupied by c is part_of the spatial region occupied by c1. Note that this relation comprehends both the relation of exact location between one continuant and another which obtains when r and r1 are identical (for example, when a portion of fluid exactly fills a cavity), as well as those sorts of inexact location relations which obtain, for example, between brain and head or between ovum and uterus
editor note: Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime
alternative term: located_in
temporal interpretation: axiom holds for all times
Source: http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:located_in
equivalent property:
  inverse of: location of

temporal interpretation
type: AnnotationProperty

axiom holds for all times
type: NamedIndividual
definition: ## Elucidation This is used when the statement/axiom is assumed to hold true 'eternally' ## How to interpret (informal) First the "atemporal" FOL is derived from the OWL using the standard interpretation. This axiom is temporalized by embedding the axiom within a for-all-times quantified sentence. The t argument is added to all instantiation predicates and predicates that use this relation. ## Example Class: nucleus SubClassOf: part_of some cell forall t : forall n : instance_of(n,Nucleus,t) implies exists c : instance_of(c,Cell,t) part_of(n,c,t) ## Notes This interpretation is *not* the same as an at-all-times relation

relation has no temporal argument
type: NamedIndividual
definition: ## Elucidation This is used when the first-order logic form of the relation is binary, and takes no temporal argument. ## Example: Class: limb SubClassOf: develops_from some lateral-plate-mesoderm forall t, t2: forall x : instance_of(x,Limb,t) implies exists y : instance_of(y,LPM,t2) develops_from(x,y)

2D boundary of
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: the surface of my skin is a 2D boundary of my body
definition: a relation between a 2D immaterial entity (the boundary) and a material entity, in which the boundary delimits the material entity
editor note: A 2D boundary may have holes and gaps, but it must be a single connected entity, not an aggregate of several disconnected parts.
editor note: Although the boundary is two-dimensional, it exists in three-dimensional space and thus has a 3D shape.
alternative term: 2D_boundary_of
alternative term: boundary of
alternative term: is 2D boundary of
alternative term: is boundary of
temporal interpretation: axiom holds for all times
equivalent property:
  inverse of: has 2D boundary
inverse of: has 2D boundary

has 2D boundary
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: my body has 2D boundary the surface of my skin
definition: a relation between a material entity and a 2D immaterial entity (the boundary), in which the boundary delimits the material entity
editor note: A 2D boundary may have holes and gaps, but it must be a single connected entity, not an aggregate of several disconnected parts.
editor note: Although the boundary is two-dimensional, it exists in three-dimensional space and thus has a 3D shape.
alternative term: has boundary
alternative term: has_2D_boundary
temporal interpretation: axiom holds for all times
domain: material entity
range: immaterial entity
equivalent property:
  inverse of: 2D boundary of

member of
type: ObjectProperty
example of usage: An organism that is a member of a population of organisms
definition: is member of is a mereological relation between a item and a collection.
alternative term: is member of
alternative term: member part of
definition source: SIO
temporal interpretation: axiom holds for all times
sub property of: part of
equivalent property:
  inverse of: has member
inverse of: has member

has member
type: IrreflexiveProperty
type: ObjectProperty
definition: has member is a mereological relation between a collection and an item.
definition source: SIO
temporal interpretation: axiom holds for all times
sub property of: has part
equivalent property:
  inverse of: member of

length unit
type: Class
editor preferred term: length unit
definition: A unit which is a standard measure of the distance between two points.
imported from: uo.owl
subclass of: measurement unit label

mass unit
type: Class
editor preferred term: mass unit
definition: A unit which is a standard measure of the amount of matter/energy of a physical object.
imported from: uo.owl
subclass of: measurement unit label

time unit
type: Class
editor preferred term: time unit
definition: A unit which is a standard measure of the dimension in which events occur in sequence.
imported from: uo.owl
subclass of: measurement unit label

iao.owl
type: NamedIndividual
default language: en
imported from: bfo.owl
imported from: externalByHand.owl
imported from: iao-main.owl
imported from: iao.owl
imported from: import-OBO.owl
imported from: obsolete.owl
imported from: ontology-metadata.owl
imported from: annotations.owl
imported from: bfo-axioms.owl
imported from: bfo-classes-minimal.owl
imported from: core.owl
contributor: Adam Goldstein
contributor: Alan Ruttenberg
contributor: Albert Goldfain
contributor: Barry Smith
contributor: Bjoern Peters
contributor: Carlo Torniai
contributor: Chris Mungall
contributor: Chris Stoeckert
contributor: Christian A. Boelling
contributor: Darren Natale
contributor: David Osumi-Sutherland
contributor: Gwen Frishkoff
contributor: Holger Stenzhorn
contributor: James A. Overton
contributor: James Malone
contributor: Jennifer Fostel
contributor: Jie Zheng
contributor: Jonathan Rees
contributor: Larisa Soldatova
contributor: Lawrence Hunter
contributor: Mathias Brochhausen
contributor: Matt Brush
contributor: Melanie Courtot
contributor: Michel Dumontier
contributor: Paolo Ciccarese
contributor: Pat Hayes
contributor: Philippe Rocca-Serra
contributor: Randy Dipert
contributor: Ron Rudnicki
contributor: Satya Sahoo
contributor: Sivaram Arabandi
contributor: Werner Ceusters
contributor: William Duncan
contributor: William Hogan
contributor: Yongqun (Oliver) He
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
comment: An information artifact is, loosely, a dependent continuant or its bearer that is created as the result of one or more intentional processes. Examples: uniprot, the english language, the contents of this document or a printout of it, the temperature measurements from a weather balloon. For more information, see the project home page at https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO
comment: IDs allocated to related efforts: PNO: IAO_0020000-IAO_0020999, D_ACTS: IAO_0021000-IAO_0021999
comment: IDs allocated to subdomains of IAO. pno.owl: IAO_0020000-IAO_0020999, d-acts.owl: IAO_0021000-IAO_0021999
comment: The Information Artifact Ontology (IAO) is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY) version 4.0. You are free to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) for any purpose, even commercially. for any purpose, even commercially. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. You must give appropriate credit (by using the original ontology IRI for the whole ontology and original term IRIs for individual terms), provide a link to the license, and indicate if any changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. For more information see http://www.obofoundry.org/docs/Citation.html
comment: This version of the ontology is the merge of all its imports and has added axioms inferred by an OWL reasoner
version IRI: iao.owl

d-acts.owl
is allocated id range: IAO_0021000-IAO_0021999

pno.owl
is allocated id range: IAO_0020000-IAO_0020999

author
type: AnnotationProperty
range: string

contributor
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Examples of a Contributor include a person, an organisation, or a service. Typically, the name of a Contributor should be used to indicate the entity.
comment: An entity responsible for making contributions to the content of the resource.
label: Contributor
range: string

Coverage
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Coverage will typically include spatial location (a place name or geographic coordinates), temporal period (a period label, date, or date range) or jurisdiction (such as a named administrative entity). Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary (for example, the Thesaurus of Geographic Names [TGN]) and that, where appropriate, named places or time periods be used in preference to numeric identifiers such as sets of coordinates or date ranges.
comment: The extent or scope of the content of the resource.

creator
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Examples of a Creator include a person, an organisation, or a service. Typically, the name of a Creator should be used to indicate the entity.
comment: An entity primarily responsible for making the content of the resource.
label: Creator
range: string

Date
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Typically, Date will be associated with the creation or availability of the resource. Recommended best practice for encoding the date value is defined in a profile of ISO 8601 [W3CDTF] and follows the YYYY-MM-DD format.
comment: A date associated with an event in the life cycle of the resource.

description
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, table of contents, reference to a graphical representation of content or a free-text account of the content.
comment: An account of the content of the resource.
label: Description
range: string

Format
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Typically, Format may include the media-type or dimensions of the resource. Format may be used to determine the software, hardware or other equipment needed to display or operate the resource. Examples of dimensions include size and duration. Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary (for example, the list of Internet Media Types [MIME] defining computer media formats).
comment: The physical or digital manifestation of the resource.

Resource Identifier
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Recommended best practice is to identify the resource by means of a string or number conforming to a formal identification system. Example formal identification systems include the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) (including the Uniform Resource Locator (URL)), the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) and the International Standard Book Number (ISBN).
comment: An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context.

Language
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Recommended best practice is to use RFC 3066 [RFC3066], which, in conjunction with ISO 639 [ISO639], defines two- and three-letter primary language tags with optional subtags. Examples include "en" or "eng" for English, "akk" for Akkadian, and "en-GB" for English used in the United Kingdom.
comment: A language of the intellectual content of the resource.

Publisher
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Examples of a Publisher include a person, an organisation, or a service. Typically, the name of a Publisher should be used to indicate the entity.
comment: An entity responsible for making the resource available

Relation
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Recommended best practice is to reference the resource by means of a string or number conforming to a formal identification system.
comment: A reference to a related resource.

rights
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Typically, a Rights element will contain a rights management statement for the resource, or reference a service providing such information. Rights information often encompasses Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), Copyright, and various Property Rights. If the Rights element is absent, no assumptions can be made about the status of these and other rights with respect to the resource.
comment: Information about rights held in and over the resource.
label: Rights Management
range: string

Source
type: AnnotationProperty
description: The present resource may be derived from the Source resource in whole or in part. Recommended best practice is to reference the resource by means of a string or number conforming to a formal identification system.
comment: A reference to a resource from which the present resource is derived.

subject
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Typically, a Subject will be expressed as keywords, key phrases or classification codes that describe a topic of the resource. Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary or formal classification scheme.
comment: The topic of the content of the resource.
label: Subject and Keywords
range: string

title
type: AnnotationProperty
description: A name by which the resource is formally known.
comment: A name given to the resource.
label: Title
range: string

Resource Type
type: AnnotationProperty
description: Type includes terms describing general categories, functions, genres, or aggregation levels for content. Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary (for example, the DCMI Type Vocabulary [DCMITYPE]). To describe the physical or digital manifestation of the resource, use the Format element.
comment: The nature or genre of the content of the resource.

Quantities, Units, Dimensions and Types (QUDT) Ontology Version 1.1
contributor: Daniel Mekonnen
contributor: David Price
contributor: Irene Polikoff
contributor: Ralph Hodgson
creator: James E. Masters
rights: The QUDT Ontologies are issued under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 United States License. Attribution should be made to NASA Ames Research Center and TopQuadrant, Inc.
subject: Quantities, Units, Dimensions and Types
has license type: CC-SHAREALIKE 3PT0-US
with attribution to: NASA-ARC-Attribution
with attribution to: TopQuadrantAttribution
acronym: QUDT
date created: 2011-01-06T09:30:49
description: The QUDT, or 'Quantity, Unit, Dimension and Type' collection of ontologies defines the base classes properties, and restrictions used for modeling physical quantities, units of measure, and their dimensions in various measurement systems. The goal of the QUDT ontology is to provide a unified model of, measurable quantities, units for measuring different kinds of quantities, the numerical values of quantities in different units of measure and the data structures and data types used to store and manipulate these objects in software. This OWL schema is a foundation for a basic treatment of units.
has aspect scope: Basic treatment of quantities and units. No dimensional treatment in this graph.
has catalog entry: QUDT-SchemaCatalogEntry
has discipline scope: All disciplines
has domain scope: Science, Medicine and Engineering
intent: Provides a schema for describing Units of Measure
last updated: $LastChangedDate: 2011-06-01 14:56:40 -0700 (Wed, 01 Jun 2011) $
revision number: 1.1
specificity: 1
uses non-imported resource: author
uses non-imported resource: contributor
uses non-imported resource: creator
uses non-imported resource: description
uses non-imported resource: rights
uses non-imported resource: subject
uses non-imported resource: title
uses non-imported resource: closeMatch
uses non-imported resource: exactMatch
uses non-imported resource: CC-SHAREALIKE 3PT0-US
label: Quantities, Units, Dimensions and Types (QUDT) - Level 1
version info: $Id: OSG_qudt-(v1.1).ttl 4989 2011-06-01 21:56:40Z RalphHodgson $

qudt lite
has license type: CC-SHAREALIKE 3PT0-US
with attribution to: NASA-ARC-Attribution
with attribution to: www.topquadrant.com
comment: The sole purpose of this ontology is to import parts of the full QUDT ontology set. The imported parts have been modified to create a 'lite' version.
version info: version 0.1

properties
version info: Created with TopBraid Composer

QUDT Units Vocabulary (without dimensions) Version 1.1
contributor: Daniel Mekonnen
contributor: Irene Polikoff
contributor: Ralph Hodgson
creator: James E. Masters
rights: The QUDT Ontologies are issued under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 United States License. Attribution should be made to NASA Ames Research Center and TopQuadrant, Inc.
subject: Units of Measure
has license type: CC-SHAREALIKE 3PT0-US
with attribution to: NASA-ARC-Attribution
date created: 2010-12-30T21:26:38
description: The QUDT Units Vocabulary is an RDF/OWL specifications of common units of measure in the science and engineering domains. All SI Units are included. Links, where possible, have been made to dbpedia using 'skos:closeMatch' and 'skos:exactMatch'.
has catalog entry: QUDT-UNITS-VocabCatalogEntry
has discipline scope: All Disciplines
has domain scope: Science and Engineering Units
intent: To provide a vocabulary of commonly used units. This comprises the SI and many non-SI Units.
last updated: $LastChangedDate: 2011-06-01 15:18:25 -0700 (Wed, 01 Jun 2011) $
namespace: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit
namespace prefix: qudt-unit
owned by: qudt.org
revision number: 1.1
specificity: 1
uses non-imported resource: author
uses non-imported resource: contributor
uses non-imported resource: creator
uses non-imported resource: description
uses non-imported resource: rights
uses non-imported resource: subject
uses non-imported resource: title
uses non-imported resource: has catalog entry
uses non-imported resource: has license type
uses non-imported resource: with attribution to
uses non-imported resource: CC-SHAREALIKE 3PT0-US
label: QUDT Unit
version info: $Id: OVG_units-qudt-(v1.1).ttl 4990 2011-06-01 22:18:25Z RalphHodgson $

Absorbed Dose Rate Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Radiology Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Absorbed Dose Rate
  on property: quantity kind

Absorbed Dose Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Radiology Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Absorbed Dose
  on property: quantity kind

Acceleration Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Space And Time Unit

Activity Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Radiology Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Activity
  on property: quantity kind

Amount of substance temperature unit
type: Class
subclass of: Chemistry Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Temperature Amount of Substance
  on property: quantity kind

Amount Of Substance Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Chemistry Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Amount of Substance
  on property: quantity kind

Angle unit
type: Class
description: All units relating to specificaiton of angles.
subclass of: Dimensionless Unit
subclass of: Space And Time Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Angle
  on property: quantity kind

Angular Acceleration Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Acceleration Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Angular Acceleration
  on property: quantity kind

Angular Mass Unit
type: Class
description: The units of angular mass have dimensions of mass * area. They are used to measure the moment of inertia.
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Moment of Inertia
  on property: quantity kind

Angular Momentum Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Momentum Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Angular Momentum
  on property: quantity kind

Angular Velocity Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Velocity Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Angular Velocity
  on property: quantity kind

Area Angle Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Space And Time Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Area Angle
  on property: quantity kind

Area Temperature Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Area Temperature
  on property: quantity kind

Area Thermal Expansion Unit
type: Class
description: When the temperature of a substance changes, the energy that is stored in the intermolecular bonds between atoms changes. When the stored energy increases, so does the length of the molecular bonds. As a result, solids typically expand in response to heating and contract on cooling; this dimensional response to temperature change is expressed by its coefficient of thermal expansion. Different coefficients of thermal expansion can be defined for a substance depending on whether the expansion is measured by: * linear thermal expansion * area thermal expansion * volumetric thermal expansion These characteristics are closely related. The volumetric thermal expansion coefficient can be defined for both liquids and solids. The linear thermal expansion can only be defined for solids, and is common in engineering applications. Some substances expand when cooled, such as freezing water, so they have negative thermal expansion coefficients. For exactly isotropic materials, the area thermal expansion coefficient is very closely approximated as twice the linear coefficient.
subclass of: Thermal Expansion Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Area Thermal Expansion
  on property: quantity kind

Area Time Temperature Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Area Time Temperature
  on property: quantity kind

Area Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Space And Time Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Area
  on property: quantity kind

Atomic Charge Unit
type: Class
description: The electric charge of an ion, equal to the number of electrons the atom has gained or lost in its ionization multiplied by the charge on one electron. This class contains the following instance(s): "atomic number".
subclass of: Atomic Physics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Atomic Charge
  on property: quantity kind

Atomic Mass Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Atomic Physics Unit

Atomic Physics
type: Quantity Kind Category
subclass of: Quantity Kind

Atomic Physics Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Atomic Physics
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: UAP
  on property: type prefix
equivalent class: Restriction
  all values from: Atomic Physics
  on property: quantity kind

Base Unit
type: Class
type: DeprecatedClass
type: Restriction
  has value: UB
  on property: type prefix
description: A Base Unit is a unit adopted by convention for a base quantity.
subclass of: Unit

Bending Moment Or Torque Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Length Force
  on property: quantity kind

Binary Prefix Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Prefix Unit

Biology
type: Quantity Kind Category
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity Kind

Biomedical Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Science And Engineering Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: UBM
  on property: type prefix

Capacitance Unit
type: Class
description: Capacitance is a measure of the amount of electric charge stored (or separated) for a given electric potential. This class contains the following instance(s): "Abfarad", "Farad", "MicroFarad", "NanoFarad", "PicoFarad", "Statfarad".
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Capacitance
  on property: quantity kind

Catalytic Activity Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Chemistry Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Catalytic Activity
  on property: quantity kind

Chemistry quantity kind
type: Quantity Kind Category
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity Kind

Chemistry Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Chemistry quantity kind
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: UCHM
  on property: type prefix
equivalent class: Restriction
  all values from: Chemistry quantity kind
  on property: quantity kind

Coefficient Of Heat Transfer Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Coefficient of Heat Transfer
  on property: quantity kind

Communications
type: Quantity Kind Category
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity Kind

Communications Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Science And Engineering Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: UCMN
  on property: type prefix

Computing Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Science And Engineering Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: UCPG
  on property: type prefix

Concentration Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Chemistry Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Amount of Substance Per Unit Volume
  on property: quantity kind

Conductance Unit
type: Class
description: Electrical conductance is the inverse of electrical resistance. It measures the ease with which electricity flows along a path through an electrical element. This class contains the following instance(s): "Abmho", "Mho", "Siemens", "Statmho".
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Electric Conductivity
  on property: quantity kind

Constant value
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity value

Continuum Mechanics Quantity Kind
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Counting Unit
type: Class
description: All units about counts. Examples are Atomic Number, Number, Number per Year, Percent and Sample per Second.
subclass of: Dimensionless Unit
subclass of: Resource Unit

Currency Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Financial Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: currency exponent
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Currency
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: UFC
  on property: type prefix

Current Per Angle Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Electric Current per Angle
  on property: quantity kind

Curvature Unit
type: Class
description: The canonicall example of extrinsic curvature is that of a circle, which has curvature equal to the inverse of its radius everywhere. Smaller circles bend more sharply, and hence have higher curvature. The curvature of a smooth curve is defined as the curvature of its osculating circle at each point. The osculating circle of a sufficiently smooth plane curve at a given point on the curve is the circle whose center lies on the inner normal line and whose curvature is the same as that of the given curve at that point. This circle is tangent to the curve at the given point. That is, given a point P on a smooth curve C, the curvature of C at P is defined to be 1/R where R is the radius of the osculating circle of C at P. The magnitude of curvature at points on physical curves can be measured in diopters (also spelled dioptre) — this is the convention in optics. [Wikipedia]
subclass of: Space And Time Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Curvature
  on property: quantity kind

Data Rate Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Computing Unit
subclass of: Resource Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Data Rate
  on property: quantity kind

Decimal Prefix Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Prefix Unit
subclass of: SI Unit

Derived Unit
type: Class
type: DeprecatedClass
type: Restriction
  has value: UD
  on property: type prefix
description: A DerivedUnit is a type specification for units that are derived from other units.
subclass of: Unit

Dimensionless Unit
type: Class
description: A Dimensionless Unit is a quantity for which all the exponents of the factors corresponding to the base quantities in its quantity dimension are zero.
subclass of: Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Dimensionless
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Dimensionless
  on property: quantity kind

Dose Equivalent Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Radiology Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Dose Equivalent
  on property: quantity kind

Dynamic Viscosity Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Dynamic Viscosity
  on property: quantity kind

Electric Charge Area Density Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Electric Charge Density Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Polarization Field
  on property: quantity kind

Electric Charge Density Unit
type: Class
description: The linear, surface, or volume charge density is the amount of electric charge in a line, surface, or volume. It is measured in coulombs per metre (C/m), square metre (C/m^2), or cubic metre (C/m^3), respectively. Since there are positive as well as negative charges, the charge density can take on negative values. [Wikipedia]
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit

Electric Charge Line Density Unit
type: Class
description: The linear charge density is the amount of electric charge in a line. It is measured in coulombs per metre (C/m). Since there are positive as well as negative charges, the charge density can take on negative values. [Wikipedia]
subclass of: Electric Charge Density Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Electric Charge Line Density
  on property: quantity kind

Electric Charge Per Amount Of Substance Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Electrochemistry Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Electric Charge per Amount of Substance
  on property: quantity kind

Electric Charge Unit
type: Class
description: Electric charge is a fundamental conserved property of some subatomic particles, which determines their electromagnetic interaction. Electrically charged matter is influenced by, and produces, electromagnetic fields. The interaction between a moving charge and an electromagnetic field is the source of the electromagnetic force, which is one of the four fundamental forces.
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Electric Charge
  on property: quantity kind

Electric Charge Volume Density Unit
type: Class
description: The volume charge density is the amount of electric charge in a volume. It is measured in coulombs per cubic metre (C/m^3). Since there are positive as well as negative charges, the charge density can take on negative values. [Wikipedia]
subclass of: Electric Charge Density Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Electric Charge Volume Density
  on property: quantity kind

Electric Current Density Unit
type: Class
description: Electric current density is a measure of the density of flow of a conserved charge. Usually the charge is the electric charge, in which case the associated current density is the electric current per unit area of cross section, but the term current density can also be applied to other conserved quantities. It is defined as a vector whose magnitude is the current per cross-sectional area. [Wikipedia] In SI units, the electric current density is measured in amperes per square metre. This class contains the following instance(s): "Ampere per square meter".
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Electric Current Density
  on property: quantity kind

Electric Current Unit
type: Class
description: Electric current is the flow (movement) of electric charge. The SI unit of electric current is the ampere, and electric current is measured using an ammeter. This class contains the following instance(s): "Abampere", "Ampere", "Biot", "Statampere".
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Electric Current
  on property: quantity kind

Electric Dipole Moment Unit
type: Class
description: The electric dipole moment (or electric dipole for short) is a measure of the polarity of a system of electric charges. [Wikipedia] This class has the following instance(s): "Coulomb meter", "Debye".
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Electric Dipole Moment
  on property: quantity kind

Electric Field Strength Unit
type: Class
description: The strength of the electric field at a given point is defined as the force that would be exerted on a positive test charge of +1 coulomb placed at that point; the direction of the field is given by the direction of that force. Electric fields contain electrical energy with energy density proportional to the square of the field intensity. The electric field is to charge as gravitational acceleration is to mass and force density is to volume.
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Electric Field
  on property: quantity kind

Electric Flux Density Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Electric Charge Density Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Electric Displacement Field
  on property: quantity kind

Electric Flux Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit

Electricity and Magnetism
type: Quantity Kind Category
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity Kind

Electricity And Magnetism Unit
type: Class
description: The class of units used to measure the properties of electricity and magnetism.
subclass of: Physical Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Electricity and Magnetism
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: UEM
  on property: type prefix
equivalent class: Restriction
  all values from: Electricity and Magnetism
  on property: quantity kind

Electrochemistry Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Chemistry Unit
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit

Energy and work per mass amount of substance
type: Class
subclass of: Chemistry Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Energy and Work per Mass Amount of Substance
  on property: quantity kind

Energy And Work Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Energy and Work
  on property: quantity kind

Energy Density Unit
type: Class
description: Units that measure energy density, i.e. energy per unit volume.
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Energy Density
  on property: quantity kind

Energy Per Area Unit
type: Class
description: Units that quantify energy per unit area.
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Energy per Area
  on property: quantity kind

Energy per Electric Charge Unit
type: Class
description: The ratio of energy to electric charge arises repeatedly in electrodynamics. It is the dimensional equivalent to the electrostatic potential and electromotive force. In both cases, the SI unit is the volt, or newton meters per coulomb.
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Electromotive Force
  on property: quantity kind

Event Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Resource Unit

Exposure Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Radiology Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Exposure
  on property: quantity kind

Financial
type: Quantity Kind Category
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity Kind

Financial Unit
type: Class
description: This class contains units that measure financial quantities, such as currency, transactions, rates of return, etc.
subclass of: Resource Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Financial
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: UF
  on property: type prefix
equivalent class: Restriction
  all values from: Financial
  on property: quantity kind

Fluid Dynamics Quantity Kind
type: Class
subclass of: Continuum Mechanics Quantity Kind

Force Per Electric Charge Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Force per Electric Charge
  on property: quantity kind

Force Per Length Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Force per Unit Length
  on property: quantity kind

Force Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Force
  on property: quantity kind

Frequency Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Space And Time Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Frequency
  on property: quantity kind

Gravitational Attraction Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Gravitational Attraction
  on property: quantity kind

Heart Rate Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Biomedical Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Heart Rate
  on property: quantity kind

Heat Capacity And Entropy Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Heat Capacity
  on property: quantity kind

Heat Flow Rate Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Heat Flow Rate
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Power
  on property: quantity kind

Human Unit
type: Class
description: units for measuring human resources
subclass of: Resource Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: UH
  on property: type prefix

Illuminance Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Photometry Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Illuminance
  on property: quantity kind

Inductance Unit
type: Class
description: An electric current flowing around a circuit produces a magnetic field and hence a magnetic flux through the circuit. The ratio of the magnetic flux to the current is called the inductance, or more accurately self-inductance of the circuit. [Wikipedia] This class contains the following instance(s): "Abhenry", "Henry", "Micro Henry", "Milli Henry", "Stathenry".
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Inductance
  on property: quantity kind

Information Entropy Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Computing Unit
subclass of: Logarithmic Unit
subclass of: Resource Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Information Entropy
  on property: quantity kind

Information
type: Quantity Kind Category
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity Kind

Inverse Amount Of Substance Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Chemistry Unit

Kinematic Viscosity Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Kinematic Viscosity
  on property: quantity kind

Length Temperature Time Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Length Temperature Time
  on property: quantity kind

Length Temperature Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Length Temperature
  on property: quantity kind

Length Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Space And Time Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Length
  on property: quantity kind

Linear Acceleration Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Acceleration Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Linear Acceleration
  on property: quantity kind

Linear Energy Transfer Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Atomic Physics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Linear Energy Transfer
  on property: quantity kind

Linear Momentum Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Momentum Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Linear Momentum
  on property: quantity kind

Linear Thermal Expansion Unit
type: Class
description: When the temperature of a substance changes, the energy that is stored in the intermolecular bonds between atoms changes. When the stored energy increases, so does the length of the molecular bonds. As a result, solids typically expand in response to heating and contract on cooling; this dimensional response to temperature change is expressed by its coefficient of thermal expansion. Different coefficients of thermal expansion can be defined for a substance depending on whether the expansion is measured by: * linear thermal expansion * area thermal expansion * volumetric thermal expansion These characteristics are closely related. The volumetric thermal expansion coefficient can be defined for both liquids and solids. The linear thermal expansion can only be defined for solids, and is common in engineering applications. Some substances expand when cooled, such as freezing water, so they have negative thermal expansion coefficients. [Wikipedia]
subclass of: Thermal Expansion Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Linear Thermal Expansion
  on property: quantity kind

Linear Velocity Unit
type: Class
description: Linear Velocity units measure change of length per unit time. Examples include meters per second, miles per hour, knots, etc.
subclass of: Velocity Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Linear Velocity
  on property: quantity kind

Logarithmic Unit
type: Class
description: Logarithmic units are abstract mathematical units that can be used to express any quantities (physical or mathematical) that are defined on a logarithmic scale, that is, as being proportional to the value of a logarithm function. Examples of logarithmic units include common units of information and entropy, such as the bit, and the byte, as well as units of relative signal strength magnitude such as the decibel.
subclass of: Physical Unit

Luminance Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Photometry Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Luminance
  on property: quantity kind

Luminous Efficacy Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Photometry Unit

Luminous Energy Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Photometry Unit

Luminous Flux Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Photometry Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Luminous Flux
  on property: quantity kind

Luminous Intensity Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Photometry Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Luminous Intensity
  on property: quantity kind

Magnetic Field Strength Unit
type: Class
description: A magnetic field is a vector field that permeates space and which can exert a magnetic force on moving electric charges and on magnetic dipoles (such as permanent magnets). [Wikipedia] The strength of a magnetic field at a point in space is the magnitude of the field vector at that point. This class contains the following instance(s): "Ampere per meter", "Ampere turn per inch", "Ampere turn per meter", "Oersted".
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Auxillary Magnetic Field
  on property: quantity kind

Magnetic Flux Density Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Magnetic Field
  on property: quantity kind

Magnetic Flux Unit
type: Class
description: Magnetic flux is a measure of quantity of magnetism, taking into account the strength and the extent of a magnetic field. The SI unit of magnetic flux is the weber (in derived units: volt-seconds), and the unit of magnetic field is the weber per square meter, or tesla. [Wikipedia] This class contains the following instance(s): "Maxwell", "Unit pole", "Weber".
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Magnetic Flux
  on property: quantity kind

Magnetomotive Force Unit
type: Class
description: Magnetomotive force is any physical cause that produces magnetic flux. In other words, it is a field of magnetism (measured in tesla) that has area (measured in square meters), so that (Tesla)(Area)= Flux. It is analogous to electromotive force or voltage in electricity. MMF usually describes electric wire coils in a way so scientists can measure or predict the actual force a wire coil can generate. [Wikipedia] This class contains the following instance(s): "Ampere turn", "Gilbert", "Oersted centimeter", "Unit pole".
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Magnetomotive Force
  on property: quantity kind

Mass Amount Of Substance Temperature Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Chemistry Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Mass Amount of Substance Temperature
  on property: quantity kind

Mass Amount Of Substance Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Chemistry Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Mass Amount of Substance
  on property: quantity kind

Mass Per Area Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Mass per Area
  on property: quantity kind

Mass Per Length Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Mass per Length
  on property: quantity kind

Mass Per Time Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Mass per Time
  on property: quantity kind

Mass Per Volume Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Density
  on property: quantity kind

Mass Temperature Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Mass Temperature
  on property: quantity kind

Mass Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Mass
  on property: quantity kind

Mechanics Quantity Kind
type: Quantity Kind Category
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity Kind

Mechanics Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Mechanics Quantity Kind
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: UMH
  on property: type prefix
equivalent class: Restriction
  all values from: Mechanics Quantity Kind
  on property: quantity kind

Microbial Formation Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Biomedical Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Microbial Formation
  on property: quantity kind

Molal Concentration Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Concentration Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Amount of substance per unit mass
  on property: quantity kind

Molar Concentration Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Concentration Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Amount of Substance Per Unit Volume
  on property: quantity kind

Molar Energy Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Chemistry Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Molar Energy
  on property: quantity kind

Molar Heat Capacity Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Molar Heat Capacity
  on property: quantity kind

Momentum Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit

Non SI Unit
type: Class
type: DeprecatedClass
description: A Non-SI unit. Typically an imperial measure.
subclass of: Physical Unit
disjoint with: SI Unit

Not Used With SI Unit
type: Class
type: DeprecatedClass
description: A type specification for all units that are not used in the SI standard.
subclass of: Non SI Unit
disjoint with: Used With SI Unit

Optics
type: Quantity Kind Category
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity Kind

Light Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Optics
  on property: quantity kind
equivalent class: Restriction
  all values from: Optics
  on property: quantity kind

Permeability Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Permeability
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Permeability
  on property: quantity kind

Permittivity Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Permittivity
  on property: quantity kind

Photometry quantity kind
type: Class
description: Photometry is the science of the measurement of light, in terms of its perceived brightness to the human eye. It is distinct from radiometry, which is the science of measurement of radiant energy (including light) in terms of absolute power.
subclass of: Optics

Photometry Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Light Unit

Physical Constant
type: Class
description: A physical constant is a physical quantity that is generally believed to be both universal in nature and constant in time. It can be contrasted with a mathematical constant, which is a fixed numerical value but does not directly involve any physical measurement. There are many physical constants in science, some of the most widely recognized being the speed of light in vacuum c, Newton's gravitational constant G, Planck's constant h, the electric permittivity of free space ε0, and the elementary charge e. Physical constants can take many dimensional forms, or may be dimensionless depending on the system of quantities and units used.
subclass of: Quantity

Physical Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Science And Engineering Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: UPHS
  on property: type prefix

Plane Angle Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Angle unit

Power Per Area Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Power per Area
  on property: quantity kind

Energy per Electric Charge Unit
type: Class
description: The ratio of power to electric charge is proportional to the rate of change of electric potential.
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit

Power Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Power
  on property: quantity kind

Prefix Unit
type: Class
description: Prefixes are either binary or decimal.
subclass of: Dimensionless Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Dimensionless
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Dimensionless
  on property: quantity kind

Pressure or stress rate
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit

Pressure Or Stress Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Stress
  on property: quantity kind

Constant of Proportionality
type: Class
description: Two quantities proportional if they vary in such a way that one of the quantities is a constant multiple of the other. The multiple is the constant of proportionality between the two quantities. Constants of proportionality may be dimensioned in some quantity systems and dimensionless in others. For example, in the SI system, the permittivity of a vacuum has the dimensions L^-3 M^-1 T^4 I^2 and is measured in Farads per Meter; in the CGS-EMU system it has dimensions L^-2T^2 and is measured in Abfarads per Centimeter; in the CGS-ESU system it is dimensionless. Constants of proportionality are important in the definition of systems of natural units, where units are chosen in order to make certain constants of proportionality dimensionless and equal to 1.
subclass of: Quantity

Quantity
type: Class
description: A quantity is the measurement of an observable property of a particular object, event, or physical system. A quantity is always associated with the context of measurement (i.e. the thing measured, the measured value, the accuracy of measurement, etc.) whereas the underlying quantity kind is independent of any particular measurement. Thus, length is a quantity kind while the height of a rocket is a specific quantity of length; its magnitude that may be expressed in meters, feet, inches, etc. Examples of physical quantities include physical constants, such as the speed of light in a vacuum, Planck's constant, the electric permittivity of free space, and the fine structure constant. Or, as stated at Wikipedia, in the language of measurement, quantities are quantifiable aspects of the world, such as time, distance, velocity, mass, momentum, energy, and weight, and units are used to describe their measure. Many of these quantities are related to each other by various physical laws, and as a result the units of some of the quantities can be expressed as products (or ratios) of powers of other units (e.g., momentum is mass times velocity and velocity is measured in distance divided by time). These relationships are discussed in dimensional analysis. Those that cannot be so expressed can be regarded as "fundamental" in this sense.
subclass of: Thing
subclass of: Restriction
  description: a reference to the dimension that quantifies the property
  all values from: Quantity value
  on property: quantity value
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: description
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 1
  on property: quantity value

Quantity Kind
type: Class
description: A Quantity Kind is an aspect common to mutually comparable quantities.
subclass of: EnumeratedValue
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: generalization
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: generalization

Quantity Kind Category
type: Class
subclass of: Class

Quantity type
type: Class
description: A quantity type is an enumeration of units that are measures of the same quantity kind.
subclass of: Enumeration
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: element kind
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: default
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: element
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: element kind

Quantity value
type: Class
description: A quantity value expresses the numerical value of a quantity with respect to a chosen unit of measure. For example, the value of Planck's constant in Joule-Seconds (J s) is approximately 6.62606896E-34, whereas the value in Erg-Seconds (erg s) is approximately 6.62606896E-27.
comment: Clare Paul: The restriction was changed from allValuesFrom qudt:numericValue onProperty qudt:numericValue TO allValuesFrom qudt:numericValue onProperty xsd:double
subclass of: Thing
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity
  on property: value for quantity
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: double
  on property: numeric value
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: double
  on property: relative standard uncertainty
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: double
  on property: standard uncertainty
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: numeric value
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: unit
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: relative standard uncertainty
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: standard uncertainty
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: value for quantity

Quantum Mechanics Quantity Kind
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Quantity Kind

RF-Power Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Communications Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: RF-Power
  on property: quantity kind

Radiance Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Radiometry Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Power per Area Angle
  on property: quantity kind

Radiant Intensity Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Radiometry Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Radiant Intensity
  on property: quantity kind

Radiology
type: Quantity Kind Category
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity Kind

Radiology Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Radiology
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: UROY
  on property: type prefix
equivalent class: Restriction
  all values from: Radiology
  on property: quantity kind

Radiometry quantity kind
type: Class
description: Photometry is the field that studies the measurement of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light. Note that light is also measured using the techniques of photometry, which deal with brightness as perceived by the human eye, rather than absolute power.
subclass of: Optics

Radiometry Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Light Unit

Rate Of Return Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Financial Unit

Resistance Unit
type: Class
description: Electrical resistance is a ratio of the degree to which an object opposes an electric current through it, measured in ohms. Its reciprocal quantity is electrical conductance measured in siemens. This class contains the following instance(s): "Abohm", "Ohm", "Statohm".
subclass of: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Resistance
  on property: quantity kind

Resource Unit
type: Class
description: A Resource Unit is a unit for measuring the amount of various types of resources.
subclass of: Unit

Respiratory Rate Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Biomedical Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Respiratory Rate
  on property: quantity kind

SI Base Unit
type: Class
type: DeprecatedClass
type: Restriction
  has value: USI
  on property: type prefix
description: All SI units are derived from the SI Base units
subclass of: Base Unit
subclass of: SI Unit
disjoint with: SI Derived Unit

SI Derived Unit
type: Class
type: DeprecatedClass
subclass of: Derived Unit
subclass of: SI Unit
disjoint with: SI Base Unit

SI Unit
type: Class
type: DeprecatedClass
description: An SI unit
subclass of: Physical Unit

Science And Engineering Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: USE
  on property: type prefix

Serum Or Plasma Level Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Biomedical Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Serum or Plasma Level
  on property: quantity kind

Signal Detection Threshold Unit
type: Class
description: Signal relative to an underlying signal
subclass of: Communications Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Signal Detection Threshold
  on property: quantity kind

Solid Angle Unit
type: Class
description: The solid angle subtended by a surface S is defined as the surface area of a unit sphere covered by the surface S's projection onto the sphere. A solid angle is related to the surface of a sphere in the same way an ordinary angle is related to the circumference of a circle. Since the total surface area of the unit sphere is 4*pi, the measure of solid angle will always be between 0 and 4*pi.
subclass of: Angle unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Solid Angle
  on property: quantity kind

Solid Mechanics Quantity Kind
type: Class
subclass of: Continuum Mechanics Quantity Kind

Space and Time
type: Quantity Kind Category
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity Kind

Space And Time Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Space and Time
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: UST
  on property: type prefix
equivalent class: Restriction
  all values from: Space and Time
  on property: quantity kind

Specific Energy Unit
type: Class
description: Units which quantify specific energy, i.e. energy per unit mass.
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Specific Energy
  on property: quantity kind

Specific Heat Capacity Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Specific Heat Capacity
  on property: quantity kind

Specific Heat Pressure Unit
type: Class
description: This class contains units of measure for specific heat capacity at a constant pressure.
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit

Specific Heat Volume Unit
type: Class
description: This class contains units of measure for specific heat capacity at a constant volume.
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit

System of natural units
type: Class
description: In physics, natural units are physical units of measurement based only on universal physical constants. For example the elementary charge e is a natural unit of electric charge, or the speed of light c is a natural unit of speed. A purely natural system of units is defined in such a way that some set of selected universal physical constants are normalized to unity; that is, their numerical values in terms of these units become exactly 1. Examples are Planck Units and Atomic Units. Atomic units (au or a.u.) form a system of natural units which is especially convenient for atomic physics calculations. There are two different kinds of atomic units, which one might name Hartree atomic units[1] and Rydberg atomic units, which differ in the choice of the unit of mass and charge. Planck units are unique among systems of natural units, because they are not defined in terms of properties of any prototype, physical object, or even elementary particle. [Wikipeda]
subclass of: System of Units

System of Quantity Kinds
type: Class
description: A system of quantity kinds is a set of one or more quantity kinds together with a set of zero or more algebraic equations that define relationships between quantity kinds in the set. In the physical sciences, the equations relating quantity kinds are typically physical laws and definitional relations, and constants of proportionality. Examples include Newton’s First Law of Motion, Coulomb’s Law, and the definition of velocity as the instantaneous change in position. In almost all cases, the system identifies a subset of base quantity kinds. The base set is chosen so that all other quantity kinds of interest can be derived from the base quantity kinds and the algebraic equations.
subclass of: Thing
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Dimension
  on property: system dimension
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Enumeration
  on property: base dimension enumeration
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: system quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: System of Units
  on property: unit system
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: base dimension enumeration
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 1
  on property: system quantity kind

System of Units
type: Class
description: A system of units is a set of units which are chosen as the reference scales for some set of quantity kinds together with the definitions of each unit. Units may be defined by experimental observation or by proportion to another unit not included in the system. If the unit system is explicitly associated with a quantity kind system, then the unit system must define at least one unit for each quantity kind.
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Unit
  on property: system unit
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: description
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 1
  on property: system unit

Temperature per time unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit

Temperature Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Temperature
  on property: quantity kind

Thermal Conductivity Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Thermal Conductivity
  on property: quantity kind

Thermal Diffusivity Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Thermal Diffusivity
  on property: quantity kind

Thermal Energy Length Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Thermal Energy Length
  on property: quantity kind

Thermal Energy Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Energy and Work
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Thermal Energy
  on property: quantity kind

Thermal Expansion Unit
type: Class
description: When the temperature of a substance changes, the energy that is stored in the intermolecular bonds between atoms changes. When the stored energy increases, so does the length of the molecular bonds. As a result, solids typically expand in response to heating and contract on cooling; this dimensional response to temperature change is expressed by its coefficient of thermal expansion. Different coefficients of thermal expansion can be defined for a substance depending on whether the expansion is measured by: * linear thermal expansion * area thermal expansion * volumetric thermal expansion These characteristics are closely related. The volumetric thermal expansion coefficient can be defined for both liquids and solids. The linear thermal expansion can only be defined for solids, and is common in engineering applications. Some substances expand when cooled, such as freezing water, so they have negative thermal expansion coefficients. [Wikipedia]
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit

Thermal Insulance Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Thermal Insulance
  on property: quantity kind

Thermal Resistance Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Thermal Resistance
  on property: quantity kind

Thermal Resistivity Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Thermodynamics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Thermal Resistivity
  on property: quantity kind

Thermodynamics
type: Quantity Kind Category
type: Class
subclass of: Quantity Kind

Thermodynamics Unit
type: Class
description: Thermodynamics units are units that provide reference scales for quantifying the conversion of energy into work, as well as heat and its relation to macroscopic variables such as temperature and pressure.
subclass of: Physical Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Thermodynamics
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: UTD
  on property: type prefix
equivalent class: Restriction
  all values from: Thermodynamics
  on property: quantity kind

Thrust To Mass Ratio Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Thrust to Mass Ratio
  on property: quantity kind

Time Area Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Space And Time Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Area Time
  on property: quantity kind

Time Squared Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Space And Time Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Time Squared
  on property: quantity kind

Time Unit
type: Class
description: Units that measure time.
subclass of: Space And Time Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Time
  on property: quantity kind

Turbidity Unit
type: Class
description: Turbidity is the cloudiness or haziness of a fluid caused by individual particles (suspended solids) that are generally invisible to the naked eye, similar to smoke in air.
subclass of: Biomedical Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Turbidity
  on property: quantity kind

Unit
type: Class
description: A unit of measure, or unit, is a particular quantity value that has been chosen as a scale for measuring other quantities the same kind (more generally of equivalent dimension). For example, the meter is a quantity of length that has been rigorously defined and standardized by the BIPM (International Board of Weights and Measures). Any measurement of the length can be expressed as a number multiplied by the unit meter. More formally, the value of a physical quantity Q with respect to a unit (U) is expressed as the scalar multiple of a real number (n) and U, as Q = nU.
subclass of: Thing
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Quantity Kind
  on property: quantity kind
subclass of: Restriction
  cardinality: 1
  on property: type prefix
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: U
  on property: type prefix
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: abbreviation
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: conversion multiplier
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: conversion offset
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: description
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: symbol
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: UNECE common code

Used With SI Unit
type: Class
type: DeprecatedClass
description: A type specification for all units that are used in the SI standard.
subclass of: Non SI Unit
disjoint with: Not Used With SI Unit

Velocity Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Space And Time Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Velocity
  on property: quantity kind

Video Frame Rate Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Computing Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Video Frame Rate
  on property: quantity kind

Volume per mass unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit

Volume per Time Squared Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Mechanics Unit

Volume Per Time Unit
type: Class
description: A "Space And Time" Unit with the following instance(s): "Cubic foot per minute", "Cubic foot per second", "Cubic inch per minute", "Cubic meter per second", "Cubic yard per minute", "Gallon per day", "Gallon per minute".
subclass of: Space And Time Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Volume per Unit Time
  on property: quantity kind

Volume Thermal Expansion Unit
type: Class
description: When the temperature of a substance changes, the energy that is stored in the intermolecular bonds between atoms changes. When the stored energy increases, so does the length of the molecular bonds. As a result, solids typically expand in response to heating and contract on cooling; this dimensional response to temperature change is expressed by its coefficient of thermal expansion. Different coefficients of thermal expansion can be defined for a substance depending on whether the expansion is measured by: * linear thermal expansion * area thermal expansion * volumetric thermal expansion These characteristics are closely related. The volumetric thermal expansion coefficient can be defined for both liquids and solids. The linear thermal expansion can only be defined for solids, and is common in engineering applications. Some substances expand when cooled, such as freezing water, so they have negative thermal expansion coefficients. For exactly isotropic materials, the volumetric thermal expansion coefficient is very closely approximated as three times the linear coefficient. [Wikipedia]
subclass of: Thermal Expansion Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Volume Thermal Expansion
  on property: quantity kind

Volume Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Space And Time Unit
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: Volume
  on property: quantity kind

abbreviation
type: DatatypeProperty
description: An abbreviation for a unit is a short (usually 5 characters or less) string that is used in place of the full name for the unit in contexts where space is limited, or where using the abbreviation will enhance readability.
range: string

allowed unit of system
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit of measure with a unit system that does not define the unit, but allows its use within the system. An allowed unit must be convertible to some dimensionally eqiuvalent unit that is defined by the system.
sub property of: unit of system
inverse of: allowed unit

base dimension enumeration
type: FunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property associates a system of quantities with an enumeration that enumerates the base dimensions of the system in canonical order.

base quantity kind of system
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: quantity kind of system
inverse of: system base quantity kind

base unit of system
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit of measure to the system of units in which it is defined as a base unit for the system. The base units of a system are used to define the derived units of the system by expressing the derived units as products of the base units raised to a rational power.
sub property of: coherent unit of system
inverse of: base unit

basis element
type: FunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty

code
type: DatatypeProperty
description: A unit code is a numeric string that uniquely identifies a unit
range: string

derived unit of system
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit of measure to the unit system in which the unit is derived from the system's base units with a proportionality constant of one.
sub property of: coherent unit of system
sub property of: derived unit of system
inverse of: coherent derived unit

coherent unit of system
type: DeprecatedProperty
type: ObjectProperty
description: A coherent unit of measurement for a unit system is a defined unit that may be expressed as a product of powers of the system's base units with the proportionality factor of one.
sub property of: defined unit of system
inverse of: coherent unit

coherent unit system
type: FunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty
description: A system of units is coherent with respect to a system of quantities and equations if the system of units is chosen in such a way that the equations between numerical values have exactly the same form (including the numerical factors) as the corresponding equations between the quantities. In such a coherent system, no numerical factor other than the number 1 ever occurs in the expressions for the derived units in terms of the base units.
sub property of: unit system

conversion coefficient
type: DatatypeProperty
range: double

conversion multiplier
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
range: double

conversion offset
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
range: double

currency exponent
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
description: The currency exponent indicates the number of decimal places between a major currency unit and its minor currency unit. For example, the US dollar is the major currency unit of the United States, and the US cent is the minor currency unit. Since one cent is 1/100 of a dollar, the US dollar has a currency exponent of 2. However, the Japanese Yen has no minor currency units, so the yen has a currency exponent of 0.
range: integer

default
type: ObjectProperty
description: The default element in an enumeration

defined unit of system
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit of measure with the unit system that defines the unit.
sub property of: unit of system
inverse of: defined unit

derived quantity kind of system
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: quantity kind of system
inverse of: system derived quantity kind

derived unit of system
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit of measure to the system of units in which it is defined as a derived unit. That is, the derived unit is defined as a product of the base units for the system raised to some rational power.
sub property of: defined unit of system
inverse of: derived unit

description
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string1024
sub property of: description

dimension inverse
type: FunctionalProperty
type: InverseFunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty
type: SymmetricProperty

element
type: ObjectProperty
description: An element of an enumeration

element kind
type: ObjectProperty

exact constant
type: DatatypeProperty
range: boolean

exact match
type: ObjectProperty
type: SymmetricProperty
type: TransitiveProperty

float percentage
type: Datatype
subclass of: float
equivalent class: Datatype
  on datatype: float
  with restrictions:
    min inclusive: 0.00
  with restrictions:
    max inclusive: 100.00

generalization
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a quantity kind to its generalization. A quantity kind, PARENT, is a generalization of the quantity kind CHILD only if 1. PARENT and CHILD have the same dimensions in every system of quantities; 2. Every unit that is a measure of quantities of kind CHILD is also a valid measure of quantities of kind PARENT.
inverse of: specialization

integer percentage
type: Datatype
subclass of: integer
equivalent class: Datatype
  on datatype: integer
  with restrictions:
    min inclusive: 0
  with restrictions:
    max inclusive: 100

literal
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

negative delta limit
type: DatatypeProperty
description: A negative change limit between consecutive sample values for a parameter. The Negative Delta may be the encoded value or engineering units value depending on whether or not a Calibrator is defined.
range: string

numeric value
type: DatatypeProperty
range: double

order
type: DatatypeProperty
range: nonNegativeInteger

Positive delta limit
type: DatatypeProperty
description: A positive change limit between consecutive sample values for a parameter. The Positive Delta may be the encoded value or engineering units value depending on whether or not a Calibrator is defined.
range: string

prefix unit of system
type: DeprecatedProperty
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: defined unit of system
inverse of: prefix unit

quantity
type: ObjectProperty
description: a property to relate an observable thing with a quantity (qud:Quantity)

quantity kind
type: ObjectProperty

quantity kind of system
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: system quantity kind

quantity value
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: value for quantity

reference thing
type: ObjectProperty

reference unit
type: FunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: reference thing

relative standard uncertainty
type: DatatypeProperty
description: The relative standard uncertainty of a measurement is the (absolute) standard uncertainty divided by the magnitude of the exact value.
range: double

specialization
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a quantity kind to its specialization(s). For example, linear velocity and angular velocity are both specializations of velocity.
inverse of: generalization

standard uncertainty
type: DatatypeProperty
description: The standard uncertainty of a quantity is the estimated standard deviation of the mean taken from a series of measurements.
range: double

string1024
type: Datatype
subclass of: string
equivalent class: Datatype
  on datatype: string
  with restrictions:
    max length: 1024

symbol
type: DatatypeProperty
description: The symbol for a unit is a glyph that is used to represent the unit in a compact form. For example, the symbol for the US Dollar is $. This contrasts with unit:abbreviation, which gives a short alphanumeric abbreviation for the unit. (I.e. USD for US Dollar).
range: string
sub property of: literal

allowed unit
type: DeprecatedProperty
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit system with a unit of measure that is not defined by or part of the system, but is allowed for use within the system. An allowed unit must be convertible to some dimensionally eqiuvalent unit that is defined by the system.
sub property of: system unit
inverse of: allowed unit of system

system base quantity kind
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: system quantity kind
inverse of: base quantity kind of system

base unit
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a system of units to a base unit defined within the system. The base units of a system are used to define the derived units of the system by expressing the derived units as products of the base units raised to a rational power.
sub property of: coherent unit
inverse of: base unit of system

coherent derived unit
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: coherent unit
sub property of: derived unit
inverse of: derived unit of system

coherent unit
type: DeprecatedProperty
type: ObjectProperty
description: A coherent unit of measurement for a unit system is a defined unit that may be expressed as a product of powers of the system's base units with the proportionality factor of one.
sub property of: defined unit
inverse of: coherent unit of system

defined unit
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit system with a unit of measure that is defined by the system.
sub property of: system unit

system derived quantity kind
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: system quantity kind
inverse of: derived quantity kind of system

derived unit
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a system of units to a unit of measure that is defined within the system in terms of the base units for the system. That is, the derived unit is defined as a product of the base units for the system raised to some rational power.
sub property of: defined unit

system dimension
type: ObjectProperty

prefix unit
type: DeprecatedProperty
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: defined unit
inverse of: prefix unit of system

system quantity kind
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: quantity kind of system

system unit
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a system of units with a unit of measure that is either a) defined by the system, or b) accepted for use by the system and is convertible to a unit of equivalent dimension that is defined by the system. Systems of units may distinguish between base and derived units. Base units are the units which measure the base quantities for the corresponding system of quantities. The base units are used to define units for all other quantities as products of powers of the base units. Such units are called derived units for the system.
inverse of: unit of system

type prefix
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

UNECE common code
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

unit
type: ObjectProperty
description: A reference to the unit of measure of a quantity (variable or constant) of interest.
range: Unit
inverse of: unit for

unit for
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: unit

unit of system
type: ObjectProperty
description: This property relates a unit of measure with a system of units that either a) defines the unit or b) allows the unit to be used within the system.
inverse of: system unit

unit system
type: FunctionalProperty
type: ObjectProperty

value
type: ObjectProperty
description: A property to relate an observable thing with a quantity value (qud:QuantityValue)

value for quantity
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: quantity value

vector magnitude
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
range: float

KiloPoundForcePerSquareInch
type: Unit
abbreviation: ksi

Absolute Humidity
type: Quantity Kind
description: Absolute humidity is the mass of water in a particular volume of air. It is a measure of the density of water vapor in an atmosphere.
generalization: Density

Absorbed Dose
type: Radiology
description: Absorbed dose (also known as Total Ionizing Dose, TID) is a measure of the energy deposited in a medium by ionizing radiation. It is equal to the energy deposited per unit mass of medium, and so has the unit J/kg, which is given the special name Gray (Gy). Note that the absorbed dose is not a good indicator of the likely biological effect. 1 Gy of alpha radiation would be much more biologically damaging than 1 Gy of photon radiation for example. Appropriate weighting factors can be applied reflecting the different relative biological effects to find the equivalent dose. The risk of stoctic effects due to radiation exposure can be quantified using the effective dose, which is a weighted average of the equivalent dose to each organ depending upon its radiosensitivity. When ionising radiation is used to treat cancer, the doctor will usually prescribe the radiotherapy treatment in Gy. When risk from ionising radiation is being discussed, a related unit, the Sievert is used.
generalization: Specific Energy

Absorbed Dose Rate
type: Radiology

Acceleration
type: Space and Time
description: Acceleration is the (instantaneous) rate of change of velocity. Acceleration may be either linear acceleration, or angular acceleration. It is a vector quantity with dimension length/time^2 for linear acceleration, or in the case of angular acceleration, with dimension angle/time^2. In SI units, linear acceleration is measured in meters/second^2 (m·s^-2) and angular acceleration is measured in radians/second^2. In common speech, the term acceleration is only used for an increase in speed. In physics, any increase or decrease in speed is referred to as acceleration and similarly, motion in a circle at constant speed is also an acceleration, since the direction component of the velocity is changing.

Action
type: Quantum Mechanics Quantity Kind
abbreviation: S
symbol: S

Activity
type: Quantum Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: Activity is the term used to characterise the number of nuclei which disintegrate in a radioactive substance per unit time. Activity is usually measured in Becquerels (Bq), where 1 Bq is 1 disintegration per second.
generalization: Stochastic Process

Amount of Substance
type: Chemistry quantity kind
symbol: N

Amount of substance per unit mass
type: Chemistry quantity kind
generalization: Concentration

Amount of Substance Per Unit Volume
type: Chemistry quantity kind
generalization: Concentration

Angle
type: Space and Time
description: The inclination to each other of two intersecting lines, measured by the arc of a circle intercepted between the two lines forming the angle, the center of the circle being the point of intersection. An acute angle is less than 90°; a right angle 90 °; an obtuse angle, more than 90° but less than 180 °; a straight angle, 180°; a reflex angle, more than 180° but less than 360°; a perigon, 360°. Any angle not a multiple of 90° is an oblique angle. If the sum of two angles is 90°, they are complementary angles; if 180°, supplementary angles; if 360°, explementary angles. Two adjacent angles have a common vertex and lie on opposite sides of a common side. A dihedral angle is the angle between two intersecting planes. A spherical angle is the angle between two intersecting great circles.
generalization: Dimensionless Ratio

Angular Acceleration
type: Space and Time
description: Angular acceleration is the rate of change of angular velocity over time. Measurement of the change made in the rate of change of an angle that a spinning object undergoes per unit time. It is a vector quantity. Also called Rotational acceleration. In SI units, it is measured in radians per second squared (rad/s^2), and is usually denoted by the Greek letter alpha.
generalization: Acceleration

Angular Frequency
type: Space and Time
description: Angular frequency is a scalar measure of rotation rate. It is the magnitude of the vector quantity angular velocity.
generalization: Frequency
symbol: ω

Angular Momentum
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: Quantity of rotational motion. Linear momentum is the quantity obtained by multiplying the mass of a body by its linear velocity. Angular momentum is the quantity obtained by multiplying the moment of inertia of a body by its angular velocity. The momentum of a system of particles is given by the sum of the momenta of the individual particles which make up the system or by the product of the total mass of the system and the velocity of the center of gravity of the system. The momentum of a continuous medium is given by the integral of the velocity over the mass of the medium or by the product of the total mass of the medium and the velocity of the center of gravity of the medium. In physics, the angular momentum of an object rotating about some reference point is the measure of the extent to which the object will continue to rotate about that point unless acted upon by an external torque. In particular, if a point mass rotates about an axis, then the angular momentum with respect to a point on the axis is related to the mass of the object, the velocity and the distance of the mass to the axis. While the motion associated with linear momentum has no absolute frame of reference, the rotation associated with angular momentum is sometimes spoken of as being measured relative to the fixed stars.
generalization: Momentum

Angular Velocity
type: Space and Time
description: The change of angle per unit time; specifically, in celestial mechanics, the change in angle of the radius vector per unit time.
generalization: Velocity

Area
type: Space and Time
description: Area is a quantity expressing the two-dimensional size of a defined part of a surface, typically a region bounded by a closed curve.

Area Angle
type: Space and Time

Area per Time
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Area Temperature
type: Thermodynamics

Area Thermal Expansion
type: Thermodynamics
description: When the temperature of a substance changes, the energy that is stored in the intermolecular bonds between atoms changes. When the stored energy increases, so does the length of the molecular bonds. As a result, solids typically expand in response to heating and contract on cooling; this dimensional response to temperature change is expressed by its coefficient of thermal expansion. Different coefficients of thermal expansion can be defined for a substance depending on whether the expansion is measured by: * linear thermal expansion * area thermal expansion * volumetric thermal expansion These characteristics are closely related. The volumetric thermal expansion coefficient can be defined for both liquids and solids. The linear thermal expansion can only be defined for solids, and is common in engineering applications. Some substances expand when cooled, such as freezing water, so they have negative thermal expansion coefficients. [Wikipedia]

Area Time
type: Space and Time

Area Time Temperature
type: Thermodynamics

Asset
type: Financial
description: An Asset is an economic resource owned by a business or company. Simply stated, assets are things of value that can be readily converted into cash (although cash itself is also considered an asset).

Atmospheric Pressure
type: Fluid Dynamics Quantity Kind
description: The pressure exerted at a point due to the presence of an atmosphere. In most circumstances atmospheric pressure is closely approximated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the weight of air above the measurement point. Low pressure areas have less atmospheric mass above their location, whereas high pressure areas have more atmospheric mass above their location. Similarly, as elevation increases there is less overlying atmospheric mass, so that pressure decreases with increasing elevation. [Wikipedia]
generalization: Pressure

Atomic Charge
type: Atomic Physics

Auxillary Magnetic Field
type: Electricity and Magnetism
abbreviation: H
description: Magnetic Fields surround magnetic materials and electric currents and are detected by the force they exert on other magnetic materials and moving electric charges. The electric and magnetic fields are two interrelated aspects of a single object, called the electromagnetic field. A pure electric field in one reference frame is observed as a combination of both an electric field and a magnetic field in a moving reference frame. The Auxillary Magnetic Field, H characterizes how the true Magnetic Field B influences the organization of magnetic dipoles in a given medium.
generalization: Electric Current per Unit Length

Capacitance
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: Capacitance is the ability of a body to hold an electrical charge; it is quantified as the amount of electric charge stored for a given electric potential. Capacitance is a scalar-valued quantity.

Capacity
type: Information
description: In computer operations, (a) the largest quantity which can be stored, processed, or transferred; (b) the largest number of digits or characters which may regularly be processed; (c) the upper and lower limits of the quantities which may be processed. In other contexts, the amount of material that can be stored, such as fuel or food.
symbol: TBD

Catalytic Activity
type: Chemistry quantity kind

Circulation
type: Fluid Dynamics Quantity Kind
description: In fluid dynamics, circulation is the line integral around a closed curve of the fluid velocity. It has dimensions of length squared over time.
generalization: Area per Time
symbol: Γ

Coefficient of Heat Transfer
type: Thermodynamics

Compressibility Factor
type: Thermodynamics
description: The compressibility factor (Z) is a useful thermodynamic property for modifying the ideal gas law to account for the real gas behaviour. The closer a gas is to a phase change, the larger the deviations from ideal behavior. Values for compressibility are calculated using equations of state (EOS), such as the virial equation and van der Waals equation. The compressibility factor for specific gases can be obtained, with out calculation, from compressibility charts. These charts are created by plotting Z as a function of pressure at constant temperature.
generalization: Dimensionless Ratio
symbol: Z

Concentration
type: Chemistry quantity kind

Cubic Electric Dipole Moment per Square Energy
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Currency
type: Financial
generalization: Asset

Curvature
type: Space and Time
description: The canonical example of extrinsic curvature is that of a circle, which has curvature equal to the inverse of its radius everywhere. Smaller circles bend more sharply, and hence have higher curvature. The curvature of a smooth curve is defined as the curvature of its osculating circle at each point. The osculating circle of a sufficiently smooth plane curve at a given point on the curve is the circle whose center lies on the inner normal line and whose curvature is the same as that of the given curve at that point. This circle is tangent to the curve at the given point. That is, given a point P on a smooth curve C, the curvature of C at P is defined to be 1/R where R is the radius of the osculating circle of C at P. The magnitude of curvature at points on physical curves can be measured in diopters (also spelled dioptre) — this is the convention in optics. [Wikipedia]

Data Rate
type: Information
description: The frequency derived from the period of time required to transmit one bit. This represents the amount of data transferred per second by a communications channel or a computing or storage device. Data rate is measured in units of bits per second (written "b/s" or "bps"), bytes per second (Bps), or baud. When applied to data rate, the multiplier prefixes "kilo-", "mega-", "giga-", etc. (and their abbreviations, "k", "M", "G", etc.) always denote powers of 1000. For example, 64 kbps is 64,000 bits per second. This contrasts with units of storage which use different prefixes to denote multiplication by powers of 1024, e.g. 1 kibibit = 1024 bits.

Density
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Dimensionless
type: Quantity Kind
symbol: U

Dimensionless Ratio
type: Quantity Kind
generalization: Dimensionless
symbol: ψ

Dose Equivalent
type: Radiology
description: The equivalent dose to a tissue is found by multiplying the absorbed dose, in gray, by a dimensionless "quality factor" Q, dependent upon radiation type, and by another dimensionless factor N, dependent on all other pertinent factors. N depends upon the part of the body irradiated, the time and volume over which the dose was spread, even the species of the subject.
generalization: Specific Energy

Dry Volume
type: Space and Time
generalization: Volume

Dynamic Pressure
type: Fluid Dynamics Quantity Kind
description: Dynamic Pressure (indicated with q, or Q, and sometimes called velocity pressure) is the quantity defined by: q = 1/2 * ρv^2 where (using SI units): q = dynamic pressure in pascals ρ = fluid density in kg/m3 (e.g. density of air) v = fluid velocity in m/s
generalization: Pressure
symbol: q

Dynamic Viscosity
type: Fluid Dynamics Quantity Kind
generalization: Viscosity
symbol: μ

Electric Charge
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: Electric charge is a fundamental conserved property of some subatomic particles, which determines their electromagnetic interaction. Electrically charged matter is influenced by, and produces, electromagnetic fields. The electric charge on a body may be positive or negative. Two positively charged bodies experience a mutual repulsive force, as do two negatively charged bodies. A positively charged body and a negatively charged body experience an attractive force.
symbol: Q

Electric Charge Line Density
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Electric Charge per Amount of Substance
type: Chemistry quantity kind
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Electric Charge per Unit Area
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Electric Charge per Mass
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Electric Charge Volume Density
type: Electricity and Magnetism
symbol: ρ

Electric Conductivity
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: Electric conductivity or specific conductance is a measure of a material's ability to conduct an electric current. When an electrical potential difference is placed across a conductor, its movable charges flow, giving rise to an electric current. The conductivity σ is defined as the ratio of the electric current density J to the electric field E: J = σE In isotropic materials, conductivity is scalar-valued, however in general, conductivity is a tensor-valued quantity.
symbol: σ

Electric Current
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: Electric Current is the flow (movement) of electric charge. The amount of electric current through some surface, e.g., a section through a copper conductor, is defined as the amount of electric charge flowing through that surface over time. Current is a scalar-valued quantity.
symbol: I

Electric Current Density
type: Electricity and Magnetism
abbreviation: J
description: Electric current density is a measure of the density of flow of electric charge; it is the electric current per unit area of cross section. Electric current density is a vector-valued quantity.
symbol: J

Electric Current per Angle
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Electric Current per Unit Energy
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Electric Current per Unit Length
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Electric Dipole Moment
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: The Electric Dipole Moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative electrical charges in a system of (discrete or continuous) charges. It is a vector-valued quantity. If the system of charges is neutral, that is if the sum of all charges is zero, then the dipole moment of the system is independent of the choice of a reference frame; however in a non-neutral system, such as the dipole moment of a single proton, a dependence on the choice of reference point arises. In such cases it is conventional to choose the reference point to be the center of mass of the system or the center of charge, not some arbitrary origin. This convention ensures that the dipole moment is an intrinsic property of the system.

Electric Displacement Field
type: Electricity and Magnetism
abbreviation: D
description: In a dielectric material the presence of an electric field E causes the bound charges in the material (atomic nuclei and their electrons) to slightly separate, inducing a local electric dipole moment. The Electric Displacement Field, D, is a vector field that accounts for the effects of free charges within such dielectric materials.
generalization: Electric Charge per Unit Area
symbol: D

Electric Field
type: Electricity and Magnetism
abbreviation: E
description: The space surrounding an electric charge or in the presence of a time-varying magnetic field has a property called an electric field. This electric field exerts a force on other electrically charged objects. In the idealized case, the force exerted between two point charges is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. (Coulomb's Law)

Electric Flux
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: The Electric Flux through an area is defined as the electric field multiplied by the area of the surface projected in a plane perpendicular to the field. Electric Flux is a scalar-valued quantity.

Electric Potential
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: The Electric Potential is a scalar valued quantity associated with an electric field. The electric potential Φ(x) at a point, x, is formally defined as the line integral of the electric field taken along a path from x to the point at infinity. If the electric field is static, i.e. time independent, then the choice of the path is arbitrary; however if the electric field is time dependent, taking the integral along different paths will produce different results.
generalization: Energy per Electric Charge
symbol: Φ

Electric Power
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: Electric power is the rate at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit. In the simple case of direct current circuits, electric power can be calculated as the product of the potential difference in the circuit (V) and the amount of current flowing in the circuit (I): P = VI where P is the power V is the potential difference I is the current. However, in general electric power is calculated by taking the integral of the vector cross-product of the electrical and magnetic fields over a specified area.
generalization: Power

Electric Quadrupole Moment
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: The Electric Quadrupole Moment is a quantity which describes the effective shape of the ellipsoid of nuclear charge distribution. A non-zero quadrupole moment Q indicates that the charge distribution is not spherically symmetric. By convention, the value of Q is taken to be positive if the ellipsoid is prolate and negative if it is oblate. In general, the electric quadrupole moment is tensor-valued.
symbol: Q

Electromotive Force
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: In physics, electromotive force, or most commonly emf (seldom capitalized), or (occasionally) electromotance is "that which tends to cause current (actual electrons and ions) to flow."[1]. More formally, emf is the external work expended per unit of charge to produce an electric potential difference across two open-circuited terminals.[2][3] The electric potential difference is created by separating positive and negative charges, thereby generating an electric field.[4][5] The created electrical potential difference drives current flow if a circuit is attached to the source of emf. When current flows, however, the voltage across the terminals of the source of emf is no longer the open-circuit value, due to voltage drops inside the device due to its internal resistance. [Wikipedia]
generalization: Energy per Electric Charge
symbol: ℰ

Energy and Work
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Energy and Work per Mass Amount of Substance
type: Chemistry quantity kind

Energy Density
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: Energy density is defined as energy per unit volume. The SI unit for energy density is the joule per cubic meter.

Internal Energy
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
generalization: Energy and Work

Kinetic Energy
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
generalization: Energy and Work

Energy per Area
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Energy per Area Electric Charge
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Energy per Electric Charge
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Energy per Square Magnetic Flux Density
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Energy per Temperature
type: Thermodynamics

Enthalpy
type: Thermodynamics
description: Static enthalpy per unit mass. The specific enthalpy of a working mass is a property of that mass used in thermodynamics, defined as h=u+p . v where u is the specific internal energy, p is the pressure, and v is specific volume. In other words, h = H / m where m is the mass of the system. The SI unit for specific enthalpy is joules per kilogram. [Wikipedia]
generalization: Energy and Work

Exposure
type: Radiology
generalization: Electric Charge per Mass

First Moment of Area
type: Solid Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: The first moment of area is the summation of area times distance to an axis. It is a measure of the distribution of the area of a shape in relationship to an axis.
generalization: Volume

Force
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: Force is an influence that causes mass to accelerate. It may be experienced as a lift, a push, or a pull. Force is defined by Newton's Second Law as F = m · a, where F is force, m is mass and a is acceleration. Net force is mathematically equal to the time rate of change of the momentum of the body on which it acts. Since momentum is a vector quantity (has both a magnitude and direction), force also is a vector quantity.

Force Magnitude
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Force Per Area
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Force Per Area Time
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Force per Electric Charge
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Force per Unit Length
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Frequency
type: Space and Time
description: Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time. The repetition of the events may be periodic (i.e. the length of time between event repetitions is fixed) or aperiodic (i.e. the length of time between event repetitions varies). Therefore, we distinguish between periodic and aperiodic frequencies. In the SI system, periodic frequency is measured in hertz (Hz) or multiples of hertz, while aperiodic frequency is measured in becquerel (Bq).

Friction
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: Friction is the force of two surfaces In contact, or the force of a medium acting on a moving object (i.e. air on an aircraft). When contacting surfaces move relative to each other, the friction between the two objects converts kinetic energy into thermal energy.
generalization: Force

Gain
type: Quantity Kind
description: A general term used to denote an increase in signal power or signal strength in transmission from one point to another. Gain is usually expressed in decibels and is widely used to denote transducer gain. An increase or amplification. In radar there are two general usages of the term: (a) antenna gain, or gain factor, is the ratio of the power transmitted along the beam axis to that of an isotropic radiator transmitting the same total power; (b) receiver gain, or video gain, is the amplification given a signal by the receiver.
generalization: Dimensionless Ratio

Gravitational Attraction
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Gyromagnetic Ratio
type: Atomic Physics
generalization: Electric Charge per Mass
symbol: γ

Heart Rate
type: Biology

Heat
type: Thermodynamics
description: Energy transferred by a thermal process. Heat can be measured in terms of the dynamical units of energy, as the erg, joule, etc., or in terms of the amount of energy required to produce a definite thermal change in some substance, as, for example, the energy required per degree to raise the temperature of a unit mass of water at some temperature ( calorie, Btu).
generalization: Thermal Energy

Heat Capacity
type: Thermodynamics
generalization: Energy per Temperature
symbol: Cp

Heat Capacity Ratio
type: Thermodynamics
description: The heat capacity ratio, or ratio of specific heats, is the ratio of the heat capacity at constant pressure (C_P) to heat capacity at constant volume (C_V). For an ideal gas, the heat capacity is constant with temperature (Θ). Accordingly we can express the enthalpy as H = C_P*Θ and the internal energy as U = C_V*Θ. Thus, it can also be said that the heat capacity ratio is the ratio between enthalpy and internal energy
generalization: Dimensionless Ratio

Heat Flow Rate
type: Thermodynamics
generalization: Power

Heat Flow Rate per Unit Area
type: Thermodynamics
generalization: Power per Area

Illuminance
type: Photometry quantity kind
description: Illuminance is the total luminous flux incident on a surface, per unit area. It is a measure of the intensity of the incident light, wavelength-weighted by the luminosity function to correlate with human brightness perception.
generalization: Luminous Flux per Area

Inductance
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: Inductance is an electromagentic quantity that characterizes a circuit's resistance to any change of electric current; a change in the electric current through induces an opposing electromotive force (EMF). Quantitatively, inductance is proportional to the magnetic flux per unit of electric current.
symbol: L

Information Entropy
type: Information

Inverse Amount of Substance
type: Chemistry quantity kind

Inverse Energy
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Inverse Length
type: Space and Time

Inverse Length Temperature
type: Thermodynamics

Inverse Magnetic Flux
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Inverse Permittivity
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Inverse Square Energy
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Inverse Time Temperature
type: Thermodynamics

Inverse Volume
type: Space and Time

Irradiance
type: Radiometry quantity kind
description: Irradiance and Radiant Emittance are radiometry terms for the power per unit area of electromagnetic radiation at a surface. "Irradiance" is used when the electromagnetic radiation is incident on the surface. "Radiant emmitance" (or "radiant exitance") is used when the radiation is emerging from the surface.
generalization: Power per Area

Kinematic Viscosity
type: Fluid Dynamics Quantity Kind
abbreviation: The Kinematic Viscosity of a fluid is the dynamic viscosity divided by the fluid density.
generalization: Area per Time

Kinetic Energy
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: The energy which a body possesses as a consequence of its motion, defined as one-half the product of its mass m and the square of its speed v, 1/2 mv^2. The kinetic energy per unit volume of a fluid parcel is the 1/2 p v2 , where p is the density and v the speed of the parcel. See potential energy. For relativistic speeds the kinetic energy is given by Ek = mc^2 - m0c^2 where c is the velocity of light in a vacuum, m0 is the rest mass, and m is the moving mass.
generalization: Energy and Work

Length
type: Space and Time
symbol: L

Length Force
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Length Energy
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Length Mass
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Length Molar Energy
type: Chemistry quantity kind

Length per Unit Electric Current
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Length per Unit Magnetic Flux
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Length Temperature
type: Thermodynamics

Length Temperature Time
type: Thermodynamics

Linear Acceleration
type: Space and Time
generalization: Acceleration

Linear Energy Transfer
type: Atomic Physics

Linear Momentum
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: Linear momentum is the product of mass and linear velocity. The SI unit for linear momentum is meter-kilogram per second (m-kg/s).
generalization: Momentum

Linear Thermal Expansion
type: Thermodynamics
description: When the temperature of a substance changes, the energy that is stored in the intermolecular bonds between atoms changes. When the stored energy increases, so does the length of the molecular bonds. As a result, solids typically expand in response to heating and contract on cooling; this dimensional response to temperature change is expressed by its coefficient of thermal expansion. Different coefficients of thermal expansion can be defined for a substance depending on whether the expansion is measured by: * linear thermal expansion * area thermal expansion * volumetric thermal expansion These characteristics are closely related. The volumetric thermal expansion coefficient can be defined for both liquids and solids. The linear thermal expansion can only be defined for solids, and is common in engineering applications. Some substances expand when cooled, such as freezing water, so they have negative thermal expansion coefficients. [Wikipedia]

Linear Velocity
type: Space and Time
generalization: Velocity

Liquid Volume
type: Space and Time
generalization: Volume

Luminance
type: Photometry quantity kind
description: Luminance is a photometric measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light travelling in a given direction. It describes the amount of light that passes through or is emitted from a particular area, and falls within a given solid angle.

Luminous Efficacy
type: Photometry quantity kind
description: Luminous Efficacy is the ratio of luminous flux (in lumens) to power (usually measured in watts). Depending on context, the power can be either the radiant flux of the source's output, or it can be the total electric power consumed by the source.

Luminous Emmitance
type: Photometry quantity kind
description: Luminous Emittance is the luminous flux per unit area emitted from a surface.
generalization: Luminous Flux per Area

Luminous Energy
type: Photometry quantity kind
description: Luminous Energy is the perceived energy of light. This is sometimes also called the quantity of light.
symbol: Qv

Luminous Flux
type: Photometry quantity kind
description: Luminous Flux or Luminous Power is the measure of the perceived power of light. It differs from radiant flux, the measure of the total power of light emitted, in that luminous flux is adjusted to reflect the varying sensitivity of the human eye to different wavelengths of light.
symbol: F

Luminous Flux per Area
type: Photometry quantity kind

Luminous Intensity
type: Photometry quantity kind
description: Luminous Intensity is a measure of the wavelength-weighted power emitted by a light source in a particular direction per unit solid angle. The weighting is determined by the luminosity function, a standardized model of the sensitivity of the human eye to different wavelengths.
symbol: J

Mach Number
type: Space and Time
description: Mach number (Ma) is the speed of an object moving through air, or any fluid substance, divided by the speed of sound as it is in that substance: M = V_o/V_s where M is the Mach number V_o is the velocity of the object relative to the medium and V_s is the velocity of sound in the medium The Mach number is commonly used both with objects traveling at high speed in a fluid, and with high-speed fluid flows inside channels such as nozzles, diffusers or wind tunnels. As it is defined as a ratio of two speeds, it is a dimensionless number. [Wikipedia]
generalization: Dimensionless Ratio

Magnetic Dipole Moment
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: The magnetic moment of a system is a measure of the magnitude and the direction of its magnetism. Magnetic moment usually refers to its Magnetic Dipole Moment, and quantifies the contribution of the system's internal magnetism to the external dipolar magnetic field produced by the system (that is, the component of the external magnetic field that is inversely proportional to the cube of the distance to the observer). The Magnetic Dipole Moment is a vector-valued quantity.
symbol: μ

Magnetic Field
type: Electricity and Magnetism
abbreviation: B
description: The Magnetic Field, denoted B, is a fundamental field in electrodynamics which characterizes the magnetic force exerted by electric currents. It is closely related to the auxillary magnetic field H (see quantity:AuxillaryMagneticField).
symbol: B

Magnetic Flux
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: Magnetic Flux is the product of the average magnetic field times the perpendicular area that it penetrates.
symbol: Φ

Magnetic Flux per Unit Length
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Magnetization Field
type: Electricity and Magnetism
abbreviation: M
description: The Magnetization Field is defined as the ratio of magnetic moment per unit volume. It is a vector-valued quantity.
generalization: Electric Current per Unit Length
symbol: M

Magnetomotive Force
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: Magnetomotive Force (mmf) is the ability of an electric circuit to produce magnetic flux. Just as the ability of a battery to produce electric current is called its electromotive force or emf, mmf is taken as the work required to move a unit magnet pole from any point through any path which links the electric circuit back the same point in the presence of the magnetic force produced by the electric current in the circuit.

Mass
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
symbol: M

Mass Amount of Substance
type: Chemistry quantity kind

Mass Amount of Substance Temperature
type: Chemistry quantity kind

Mass per Area
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Mass per Area Time
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Mass per Electric Charge
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Mass per Length
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Mass per Time
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Mass Temperature
type: Thermodynamics

Microbial Formation
type: Biology

Molar Angular Momentum
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Molar Energy
type: Chemistry quantity kind

Molar Heat Capacity
type: Thermodynamics

Molar Mass
type: Chemistry quantity kind

Molar Volume
type: Chemistry quantity kind
symbol: V_m

Mole Fraction
type: Chemistry quantity kind
description: In chemistry, the mole fraction of a component in a mixture is the relative proportion of molecules belonging to the component to those in the mixture, by number of molecules. It is one way of measuring concentration.
generalization: Dimensionless Ratio

Molecular Mass
type: Chemistry quantity kind
description: The molecular mass, or molecular weight of a chemical compound is the mass of one molecule of that compound, relative to the unified atomic mass unit, u. Molecular mass should not be confused with molar mass, which is the mass of one mole of a substance.
generalization: Mass
symbol: M

Molecular Viscosity
type: Fluid Dynamics Quantity Kind
generalization: Viscosity

Moment of Inertia
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Momentum
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: Quantity of motion. Linear momentum is the quantity obtained by multiplying the mass of a body by its linear speed. Angular momentum is the quantity obtained by multiplying the moment of inertia of a body by its angular speed. The momentum of a system of particles is given by the sum of the momentums of the individual particles which make up the system or by the product of the total mass of the system and the velocity of the center of gravity of the system. The momentum of a continuous medium is given by the integral of the velocity over the mass of the medium or by the product of the total mass of the medium and the velocity of the center of gravity of the medium.

Number Density
type: Space and Time
description: In physics, astronomy, and chemistry, number density (symbol: n) is a kind of quantity used to describe the degree of concentration of countable objects (atoms, molecules, dust particles, galaxies, etc.) in the three-dimensional physical space.
generalization: Inverse Volume
symbol: n

Permeability
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: Permeability is the degree of magnetization of a material that responds linearly to an applied magnetic field. In general permeability is a tensor-valued quantity.
symbol: μ

Permittivity
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: Permittivity is a physical quantity that describes how an electric field affects, and is affected by a dielectric medium, and is determined by the ability of a material to polarize in response to the field, and thereby reduce the total electric field inside the material. Permittivity is often a scalar valued quantity, however in the general case it is tensor-valued.
symbol: ε

Plane Angle
type: Space and Time
generalization: Angle

Polar moment of inertia
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: The polar moment of inertia is a quantity used to predict an object's ability to resist torsion, in objects (or segments of objects) with an invariant circular cross-section and no significant warping or out-of-plane deformation. It is used to calculate the angular displacement of an object subjected to a torque. It is analogous to the area moment of inertia, which characterizes an object's ability to resist bending.

Polarizability
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: Polarizability is the relative tendency of a charge distribution, like the electron cloud of an atom or molecule, to be distorted from its normal shape by an external electric field, which may be caused by the presence of a nearby ion or dipole. The electronic polarizability α is defined as the ratio of the induced dipole moment of an atom to the electric field that produces this dipole moment. Polarizability is often a scalar valued quantity, however in the general case it is tensor-valued.
symbol: α

Polarization Field
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: The Polarization Field is the vector field that expresses the density of permanent or induced electric dipole moments in a dielectric material. The polarization vector P is defined as the ratio of electric dipole moment per unit volume.
generalization: Electric Charge per Unit Area
symbol: P

Potential Energy
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: Energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position in a gravity field in contrast with kinetic energy, that possessed by virtue of its motion.
generalization: Energy and Work

Power
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: Power is the rate at which work is performed or energy is transmitted, or the amount of energy required or expended for a given unit of time. As a rate of change of work done or the energy of a subsystem, power is: P = W/t where P is power W is work t is time. [Wikipedia]

Power Area
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Power Area per Solid Angle
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Power per Area
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Power per Area Angle
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Power per Area Quartic Temperature
type: Thermodynamics

Power per Electric Charge
type: Electricity and Magnetism

Pressure
type: Fluid Dynamics Quantity Kind
description: Pressure is an effect which occurs when a force is applied on a surface. Pressure is the amount of force acting on a unit area. Pressure is distinct from stress, as the former is the ratio of the component of force normal to a surface to the surface area. Stress is a tensor that relates the vector force to the vector area.
generalization: Force Per Area

Quartic Electric Dipole Moment per Cubic Energy
type: Electricity and Magnetism

RF-Power
type: Communications
generalization: Signal Strength

Radiance
type: Radiometry quantity kind
description: Radiance is a radiometric measure that describes the amount of light that passes through or is emitted from a particular area, and falls within a given solid angle in a specified direction.
generalization: Power per Area Angle

Radiant Emmitance
type: Radiometry quantity kind
description: Irradiance and Radiant Emittance are radiometry terms for the power per unit area of electromagnetic radiation at a surface. "Irradiance" is used when the electromagnetic radiation is incident on the surface. "Radiant emmitance" (or "radiant exitance") is used when the radiation is emerging from the surface.
generalization: Power per Area

Radiant Energy
type: Radiometry quantity kind
description: Radiant Energy is the energy of electromagnetic waves. The quantity of radiant energy may be calculated by integrating radiant flux (or power) with respect to time
generalization: Energy and Work

Radiant Flux
type: Radiometry quantity kind
description: Radiant Flux, or radiant power, is the measure of the total power of electromagnetic radiation (including infrared, ultraviolet, and visible light). The power may be the total emitted from a source, or the total landing on a particular surface.
generalization: Power
symbol: Φ

Radiant Intensity
type: Radiometry quantity kind
description: Radiant Intensity is a measure of the intensity of electromagnetic radiation. It is defined as power per unit solid angle.

Radiosity
type: Radiometry quantity kind
description: Radiosity is the total emitted and reflected radiation leaving a surface.
generalization: Power per Area

Resistance
type: Electricity and Magnetism
description: The electrical resistance of an object is a measure of its opposition to the passage of a steady electric current.
symbol: R

Respiratory Rate
type: Biology

Reynolds Number
type: Fluid Dynamics Quantity Kind
description: The Reynolds number (Re) is a dimensionless number defined as the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces and, consequently, it quantifies the relative importance of these two types of forces for given flow conditions.
generalization: Dimensionless Ratio

Second Moment of Area
type: Solid Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: The second moment of area is a property of a physical object that can be used to predict its resistance to bending and deflection. The deflection of an object under load depends not only on the load, but also on the geometry of the object's cross-section.

Serum or Plasma Level
type: Biology
generalization: Amount of Substance Per Unit Volume

Signal Detection Threshold
type: Communications

Signal Strength
type: Communications
description: In telecommunications, particularly in radio, signal strength refers to the magnitude of the electric field at a reference point that is a significant distance from the transmitting antenna. It may also be referred to as received signal level or field strength. Typically, it is expressed in voltage per length or signal power received by a reference antenna. High-powered transmissions, such as those used in broadcasting, are expressed in dB-millivolts per metre (dBmV/m). [Wikipedia]
generalization: Electric Field

Solid Angle
type: Space and Time
description: The solid angle subtended by a surface S is defined as the surface area of a unit sphere covered by the surface S's projection onto the sphere. A solid angle is related to the surface of a sphere in the same way an ordinary angle is related to the circumference of a circle. Since the total surface area of the unit sphere is 4*pi, the measure of solid angle will always be between 0 and 4*pi.
generalization: Angle

Specific Energy
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Specific Heat Capacity
type: Thermodynamics

Specific Heat Pressure
type: Thermodynamics
description: Specific heat at a constant pressure.

Specific Heat Volume
type: Thermodynamics
description: Specific heat per constant volume.

Specific Impulse by Mass
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
generalization: Linear Velocity

Specific Impulse by Weight
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
generalization: Time

Specific Volume
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
abbreviation: ν
description: Specific volume (ν) is the volume occupied by a unit of mass of a material. It is equal to the inverse of density.
symbol: ν

Speed
type: Space and Time
description: Speed is the magnitude of velocity.

Square Energy
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Standard Gravitational Parameter
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
symbol: μ

Static Pressure
type: Fluid Dynamics Quantity Kind
description: Static Pressure is the pressure at a nominated point in a fluid. Every point in a steadily flowing fluid, regardless of the fluid speed at that point, has its own static pressure P, dynamic pressure q, and total pressure P_0. The total pressure is the sum of the dynamic and static pressures, i.e. P_0 = P + q.
generalization: Pressure

Stochastic Process
type: Space and Time
generalization: Frequency

Strain
type: Solid Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: In any branch of science dealing with materials and their behaviour, strain is the geometrical expression of deformation caused by the action of stress on a physical body. Strain is calculated by first assuming a change between two body states: the beginning state and the final state. Then the difference in placement of two points in this body in those two states expresses the numerical value of strain. Strain therefore expresses itself as a change in size and/or shape. [Wikipedia]
generalization: Dimensionless

Strain Energy Density
type: Solid Mechanics Quantity Kind
generalization: Energy Density
symbol: u

Stress
type: Solid Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: Stress is a measure of the average amount of force exerted per unit area of a surface within a deformable body on which internal forces act. In other words, it is a measure of the intensity or internal distribution of the total internal forces acting within a deformable body across imaginary surfaces. These internal forces are produced between the particles in the body as a reaction to external forces applied on the body.
generalization: Force Per Area

CGS System of Quantities
type: System of Quantity Kinds
system base quantity kind: Dimensionless
system base quantity kind: Length
system base quantity kind: Mass
system base quantity kind: Time
system derived quantity kind: Angular Acceleration
system derived quantity kind: Angular Momentum
system derived quantity kind: Angular Velocity
system derived quantity kind: Area
system derived quantity kind: Area Angle
system derived quantity kind: Area Time
system derived quantity kind: Curvature
system derived quantity kind: Density
system derived quantity kind: Dynamic Viscosity
system derived quantity kind: Energy and Work
system derived quantity kind: Energy Density
system derived quantity kind: Energy per Area
system derived quantity kind: Force
system derived quantity kind: Force Per Area
system derived quantity kind: Force per Unit Length
system derived quantity kind: Frequency
system derived quantity kind: Length Mass
system derived quantity kind: Linear Acceleration
system derived quantity kind: Linear Momentum
system derived quantity kind: Linear Velocity
system derived quantity kind: Mass per Area
system derived quantity kind: Mass per Length
system derived quantity kind: Mass per Time
system derived quantity kind: Moment of Inertia
system derived quantity kind: Power
system derived quantity kind: Power per Area
system derived quantity kind: Power per Area Angle
system derived quantity kind: Pressure
system derived quantity kind: Radiant Intensity
system derived quantity kind: Specific Energy
system derived quantity kind: Stress
system derived quantity kind: Time Squared
system derived quantity kind: Torque
system derived quantity kind: Volume
system derived quantity kind: Volume per Unit Time
unit system: CGS System of Units

CGS-EMU System of Quantities
type: System of Quantity Kinds
description: The electromagnetic system of units is used to measure electrical quantities of electric charge, current, and voltage, within the centimeter gram second (or "CGS") metric system of units. In electromagnetic units, electric current is derived the CGS base units length, mass, and time by solving Ampere's Law (expressing the force between two parallel conducting wires) for current and setting the constant of proportionality (k_m) equal to unity. Thus, in the CGS-EMU system, electric current is derived from length, mass, and time.
system base quantity kind: Dimensionless
system base quantity kind: Length
system base quantity kind: Mass
system base quantity kind: Time
system derived quantity kind: Auxillary Magnetic Field
system derived quantity kind: Capacitance
system derived quantity kind: Electric Charge
system derived quantity kind: Electric Conductivity
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current Density
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current per Unit Length
system derived quantity kind: Electric Dipole Moment
system derived quantity kind: Electric Displacement Field
system derived quantity kind: Electric Field
system derived quantity kind: Electric Flux
system derived quantity kind: Electric Potential
system derived quantity kind: Electromotive Force
system derived quantity kind: Energy per Electric Charge
system derived quantity kind: Inductance
system derived quantity kind: Length per Unit Electric Current
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Dipole Moment
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Field
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Flux
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Flux per Unit Length
system derived quantity kind: Magnetization Field
system derived quantity kind: Magnetomotive Force
system derived quantity kind: Permeability
system derived quantity kind: Permittivity
system derived quantity kind: Resistance
unit system: CGS-EMU System of Units

CGS-ESU System of Quantities
type: System of Quantity Kinds
description: The electrostatic system of units is used to measure electrical quantities of electric charge, current, and voltage within the centimeter gram second (or "CGS") metric system of units. In electrostatic units, electric charge is derived from Coulomb's Law (expressing the force exerted between two charged particles separated by a distance) by solving for electric charge and setting the constant of proportionality (k_s) equal to unity. Thus, in electrostatic units, the dimensionality of electric charge is derived from the base CGS quantities of length, mass, and time.
system base quantity kind: Dimensionless
system base quantity kind: Length
system base quantity kind: Mass
system base quantity kind: Time
system derived quantity kind: Auxillary Magnetic Field
system derived quantity kind: Capacitance
system derived quantity kind: Electric Charge
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current Density
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current per Unit Length
system derived quantity kind: Electric Dipole Moment
system derived quantity kind: Electric Displacement Field
system derived quantity kind: Electric Field
system derived quantity kind: Electric Flux
system derived quantity kind: Electric Potential
system derived quantity kind: Electromotive Force
system derived quantity kind: Energy per Electric Charge
system derived quantity kind: Inductance
system derived quantity kind: Length per Unit Electric Current
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Dipole Moment
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Field
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Flux
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Flux per Unit Length
system derived quantity kind: Magnetization Field
system derived quantity kind: Magnetomotive Force
system derived quantity kind: Permeability
system derived quantity kind: Permittivity
system derived quantity kind: Resistance
unit system: CGS-ESU System of Units

CGS-Gauss System of Quantities
type: System of Quantity Kinds
system base quantity kind: Dimensionless
system base quantity kind: Length
system base quantity kind: Mass
system base quantity kind: Time
system derived quantity kind: Auxillary Magnetic Field
system derived quantity kind: Capacitance
system derived quantity kind: Electric Charge
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current Density
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current per Unit Length
system derived quantity kind: Electric Dipole Moment
system derived quantity kind: Electric Displacement Field
system derived quantity kind: Electric Field
system derived quantity kind: Electric Flux
system derived quantity kind: Electric Potential
system derived quantity kind: Electromotive Force
system derived quantity kind: Energy per Electric Charge
system derived quantity kind: Inductance
system derived quantity kind: Length per Unit Electric Current
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Dipole Moment
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Field
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Flux
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Flux per Unit Length
system derived quantity kind: Magnetization Field
system derived quantity kind: Permeability
system derived quantity kind: Permittivity
system derived quantity kind: Resistance
unit system: CGS-Gauss System of Units

Planck System of Quantities
type: System of Quantity Kinds
system base quantity kind: Dimensionless
system base quantity kind: Electric Charge
system base quantity kind: Length
system base quantity kind: Mass
system base quantity kind: Temperature
system base quantity kind: Time
system derived quantity kind: Area
system derived quantity kind: Auxillary Magnetic Field
system derived quantity kind: Density
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current Density
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current per Unit Length
system derived quantity kind: Electric Dipole Moment
system derived quantity kind: Electric Displacement Field
system derived quantity kind: Electric Field
system derived quantity kind: Electric Flux
system derived quantity kind: Electric Potential
system derived quantity kind: Electromotive Force
system derived quantity kind: Energy and Work
system derived quantity kind: Energy per Electric Charge
system derived quantity kind: Force
system derived quantity kind: Force Per Area
system derived quantity kind: Frequency
system derived quantity kind: Length per Unit Electric Current
system derived quantity kind: Linear Acceleration
system derived quantity kind: Linear Momentum
system derived quantity kind: Linear Velocity
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Dipole Moment
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Field
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Flux
system derived quantity kind: Magnetic Flux per Unit Length
system derived quantity kind: Magnetization Field
system derived quantity kind: Power
system derived quantity kind: Pressure
system derived quantity kind: Resistance
system derived quantity kind: Stress
system derived quantity kind: Torque
system derived quantity kind: Volume
unit system: Planck System of Units

International System of Quantities
type: System of Quantity Kinds
system base quantity kind: Amount of Substance
system base quantity kind: Dimensionless
system base quantity kind: Electric Current
system base quantity kind: Length
system base quantity kind: Luminous Intensity
system base quantity kind: Mass
system base quantity kind: Temperature
system base quantity kind: Time
system derived quantity kind: Absorbed Dose
system derived quantity kind: Absorbed Dose Rate
system derived quantity kind: Activity
system derived quantity kind: Amount of substance per unit mass
system derived quantity kind: Amount of Substance Per Unit Volume
system derived quantity kind: Angular Acceleration
system derived quantity kind: Angular Momentum
system derived quantity kind: Angular Velocity
system derived quantity kind: Area
system derived quantity kind: Area Angle
system derived quantity kind: Area per Time
system derived quantity kind: Area Temperature
system derived quantity kind: Area Thermal Expansion
system derived quantity kind: Area Time
system derived quantity kind: Auxillary Magnetic Field
system derived quantity kind: Capacitance
system derived quantity kind: Catalytic Activity
system derived quantity kind: Coefficient of Heat Transfer
system derived quantity kind: Cubic Electric Dipole Moment per Square Energy
system derived quantity kind: Density
system derived quantity kind: Dose Equivalent
system derived quantity kind: Dynamic Viscosity
system derived quantity kind: Electric Charge
system derived quantity kind: Electric Charge Line Density
system derived quantity kind: Electric Charge per Amount of Substance
system derived quantity kind: Electric Charge per Unit Area
system derived quantity kind: Electric Charge per Mass
system derived quantity kind: Electric Charge Volume Density
system derived quantity kind: Electric Conductivity
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current Density
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current per Angle
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current per Unit Energy
system derived quantity kind: Electric Current per Unit Length
system derived quantity kind: Electric Dipole Moment
system derived quantity kind: Electric Displacement Field
system derived quantity kind: Electric Field
system derived quantity kind: Electric Flux
system derived quantity kind: Electric Potential
system derived quantity kind: Electric Quadrupole Moment
system derived quantity kind: Electromotive Force
system derived quantity kind: Energy and Work
system derived quantity kind: Energy Density
system derived quantity kind: Energy per Area
system derived quantity kind: Energy per Area Electric Charge
system derived quantity kind: Energy per Electric Charge
system derived quantity kind: Energy per Square Magnetic Flux Density
system derived quantity kind: Exposure
system derived quantity kind: Force
system derived quantity kind: Force Per Area
system derived quantity kind: Force Per Area Time
system derived quantity kind: Force per Electric Charge
system derived quantity kind: Force per Unit Length
system derived quantity kind: Frequency
system derived quantity kind: Gravitational Attraction
system derived quantity kind: Heat Capacity
system derived quantity kind: Heat Flow Rate
system derived quantity kind: Heat Flow Rate per Unit Area
system derived quantity kind: Illuminance
system derived quantity kind: Inductance
system derived quantity kind: Inverse Amount of Substance
system derived quantity kind: Inverse Energy
system derived quantity kind: Inverse Length
system derived quantity kind: Inverse Length Temperature
system derived quantity kind: Inverse Magnetic Flux
system derived quantity kind: Inverse Permittivity
system derived quantity kind: Inverse Square Energy
system derived quantity kind: Inverse Time Temperature
system derived quantity kind: Inverse Volume
system derived quantity kind: Kinematic Viscosity
system derived quantity kind: Length Energy
system derived quantity kind: Length Mass

US Customary System of Quantities
type: System of Quantity Kinds
system base quantity kind: Dimensionless
system base quantity kind: Length
system base quantity kind: Mass
system base quantity kind: Temperature
system base quantity kind: Time
system derived quantity kind: Angular Acceleration
system derived quantity kind: Angular Velocity
system derived quantity kind: Area
system derived quantity kind: Area Temperature
system derived quantity kind: Area Time
system derived quantity kind: Area Time Temperature
system derived quantity kind: Coefficient of Heat Transfer
system derived quantity kind: Density
system derived quantity kind: Dry Volume
system derived quantity kind: Dynamic Viscosity
system derived quantity kind: Energy and Work
system derived quantity kind: Energy per Area
system derived quantity kind: Force
system derived quantity kind: Force Per Area
system derived quantity kind: Force per Unit Length
system derived quantity kind: Heat Capacity
system derived quantity kind: Heat Flow Rate
system derived quantity kind: Heat Flow Rate per Unit Area
system derived quantity kind: Kinematic Viscosity
system derived quantity kind: Linear Acceleration
system derived quantity kind: Linear Velocity
system derived quantity kind: Liquid Volume
system derived quantity kind: Mass per Area
system derived quantity kind: Mass per Length
system derived quantity kind: Mass per Time
system derived quantity kind: Mass Temperature
system derived quantity kind: Plane Angle
system derived quantity kind: Power
system derived quantity kind: Power per Area
system derived quantity kind: Pressure
system derived quantity kind: Specific Energy
system derived quantity kind: Specific Heat Capacity
system derived quantity kind: Stress
system derived quantity kind: Thermal Conductivity
system derived quantity kind: Thermal Diffusivity
system derived quantity kind: Thermal Energy
system derived quantity kind: Thermal Energy Length
system derived quantity kind: Thermal Insulance
system derived quantity kind: Thermal Resistance
system derived quantity kind: Thermal Resistivity
system derived quantity kind: Thrust to Mass Ratio
system derived quantity kind: Time Squared
system derived quantity kind: Torque
system derived quantity kind: Volume
system derived quantity kind: Volume per Unit Time
unit system: US Customary Unit System

Temperature Amount of Substance
type: Chemistry quantity kind

Temperature per Magnetic Flux Density
type: Thermodynamics

Temperature per Time
type: Thermodynamics

Tension
type: Solid Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: Tension is the magnitude of the pulling force exerted by a string, cable, chain, or similar object on another object. It is the opposite of compression.
generalization: Force Magnitude

Thermal Conductivity
type: Thermodynamics

Thermal Diffusivity
type: Thermodynamics
generalization: Area per Time

Thermal Efficiency
type: Thermodynamics
description: Thermal efficiency is a dimensionless performance measure of a thermal device such as an internal combustion engine, a boiler, or a furnace. The input to the device is heat, or the heat-content of a fuel that is consumed. The desired output is mechanical work, or heat, or possibly both.
generalization: Dimensionless Ratio

Thermal Energy
type: Thermodynamics
generalization: Energy and Work

Thermal Energy Length
type: Thermodynamics

Thermal Insulance
type: Thermodynamics

Thermal Resistance
type: Thermodynamics

Thermal Resistivity
type: Thermodynamics
description: The reciprocal of thermal conductivity is thermal resistivity, measured in kelvin-metres per watt (K*m/W).

Thermodynamic Entropy
type: Thermodynamics
description: Thermodynamic Entropy is a measure of the unavailability of a system’s energy to do work. It is a measure of the randomness of molecules in a system and is central to the second law of thermodynamics and the fundamental thermodynamic relation, which deal with physical processes and whether they occur spontaneously. Spontaneous changes, in isolated systems, occur with an increase in entropy. Spontaneous changes tend to smooth out differences in temperature, pressure, density, and chemical potential that may exist in a system, and entropy is thus a measure of how far this smoothing-out process has progressed. It can be seen that the dimensions of entropy are energy divided by temperature, which is the same as the dimensions of Boltzmann's constant (kB) and heat capacity. The SI unit of entropy is joule per kelvin. [Wikipedia]
generalization: Energy per Temperature

Temperature
type: Thermodynamics
symbol: Θ

Thrust
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: Thrust is a reaction force described quantitatively by Newton's Second and Third Laws. When a system expels or accelerates mass in one direction the accelerated mass will cause a proportional but opposite force on that system. 1. The pushing or pulling force developed by an aircraft engine or a rocket engine. 2. The force exerted in any direction by a fluid jet or by a powered screw, as, the thrust of an antitorque rotor. 3. (symbol F). Specifically, in rocketry, F = mv where m is propellant mass flow and v is exhaust velocity relative to the vehicle. Also called momentum thrust.
generalization: Force

Thrust to Mass Ratio
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind

Time
type: Space and Time
description: Time is a basic component of the measuring system used to sequence events, to compare the durations of events and the intervals between them, and to quantify the motions of objects.
symbol: T

Time Squared
type: Space and Time

Time Temperature
type: Thermodynamics

Torque
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: In physics, a torque (τ) is a vector that measures the tendency of a force to rotate an object about some axis [1]. The magnitude of a torque is defined as force times its lever arm [2]. Just as a force is a push or a pull, a torque can be thought of as a twist. The SI unit for torque is newton meters (N m). In U.S. customary units, it is measured in foot pounds (ft lbf) (also known as 'pounds feet'). Mathematically, the torque on a particle (which has the position r in some reference frame) can be defined as the cross product: τ = r x F where r is the particle's position vector relative to the fulcrum F is the force acting on the particles, or, more generally, torque can be defined as the rate of change of angular momentum, τ = dL/dt where L is the angular momentum vector t stands for time. [Wikipedia]

Total Pressure
type: Fluid Dynamics Quantity Kind
description: The total pressure is the sum of the dynamic and static pressures, i.e. P_0 = P + q.
generalization: Pressure
symbol: P_0

Turbidity
type: Chemistry quantity kind
description: Turbidity is the cloudiness or haziness of a fluid, or of air, caused by individual particles (suspended solids) that are generally invisible to the naked eye, similar to smoke in air. Turbidity in open water is often caused by phytoplankton and the measurement of turbidity is a key test of water quality. The higher the turbidity, the higher the risk of the drinkers developing gastrointestinal diseases, especially for immune-compromised people, because contaminants like virus or bacteria can become attached to the suspended solid. The suspended solids interfere with water disinfection with chlorine because the particles act as shields for the virus and bacteria. Similarly suspended solids can protect bacteria from UV sterilisation of water. Fluids can contain suspended solid matter consisting of particles of many different sizes. While some suspended material will be large enough and heavy enough to settle rapidly to the bottom container if a liquid sample is left to stand (the settleable solids), very small particles will settle only very slowly or not at all if the sample is regularly agitated or the particles are colloidal. These small solid particles cause the liquid to appear turbid.

Velocity
type: Space and Time

Video Frame Rate
type: Information

Viscosity
type: Fluid Dynamics Quantity Kind
description: Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a fluid which is being deformed by either shear stress or extensional stress. In general terms it is the resistance of a liquid to flow, or its "thickness". Viscosity describes a fluid's internal resistance to flow and may be thought of as a measure of fluid friction. [Wikipedia]

Volume
type: Space and Time
description: The volume of a solid object is the three-dimensional concept of how much space it occupies, often quantified numerically. One-dimensional figures (such as lines) and two-dimensional shapes (such as squares) are assigned zero volume in the three-dimensional space.

Volume per Unit Time
type: Space and Time

Volume Thermal Expansion
type: Thermodynamics
description: When the temperature of a substance changes, the energy that is stored in the intermolecular bonds between atoms changes. When the stored energy increases, so does the length of the molecular bonds. As a result, solids typically expand in response to heating and contract on cooling; this dimensional response to temperature change is expressed by its coefficient of thermal expansion. Different coefficients of thermal expansion can be defined for a substance depending on whether the expansion is measured by: * linear thermal expansion * area thermal expansion * volumetric thermal expansion These characteristics are closely related. The volumetric thermal expansion coefficient can be defined for both liquids and solids. The linear thermal expansion can only be defined for solids, and is common in engineering applications. Some substances expand when cooled, such as freezing water, so they have negative thermal expansion coefficients. [Wikipedia]

Volumetric Heat Capacity
type: Thermodynamics

Vorticity
type: Fluid Dynamics Quantity Kind
description: In the simplest sense, vorticity is the tendency for elements of a fluid to "spin." More formally, vorticity can be related to the amount of "circulation" or "rotation" (or more strictly, the local angular rate of rotation) in a fluid. The average vorticity in a small region of fluid flow is equal to the circulation C around the boundary of the small region, divided by the area A of the small region. Mathematically, vorticity is a vector field and is defined as the curl of the velocity field.
generalization: Angular Velocity
symbol: ω

Weight
type: Mechanics Quantity Kind
description: 1. The force with which a body is attracted toward an astronomical body. 2. The product of the mass of a body and the acceleration acting on a body. In a dynamic situation, the weight can be a multiple of that under resting conditions. Weight also varies on other planets in accordance with their gravity.

Abampere
type: Electric Current Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: abA
code: 0005
conversion multiplier: 10
conversion offset: 0.0
description: The abampere (aA), also called the biot after Jean-Baptiste Biot, is the basic electromagnetic unit of electric current in the emu-cgs system of units (electromagnetic cgs). One abampere is equal to ten amperes in the SI system of units. [Wikipedia]
quantity kind: Electric Current
symbol: abA

Abampere per Square Centimeter
type: Electric Current Density Unit
abbreviation: abA / cm^2
conversion multiplier: 100000
conversion offset: 0
quantity kind: Electric Current Density

Abcoulomb
type: Electric Charge Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: abC
code: 0010
conversion multiplier: 10.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
description: The abcoulomb (abC or aC) or electromagnetic unit of charge (emu of charge) is the basic physical unit of electric charge in the cgs-emu system of units. One abcoulomb is equal to ten coulombs. [Wikipedia]
quantity kind: Electric Charge
symbol: abC

Abcoulomb per Square Centimeter
type: Electric Charge Area Density Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-3
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge per Unit Area
symbol: abC/cm^2

Abfarad
type: Capacitance Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: abF
code: 0015
conversion multiplier: 1.0E9
conversion offset: 0.0
description: An abfarad is an obsolete electromagnetic (CGS) unit of capacitance equal to 10^9 farads (1,000,000,000 F or 1 GF). This very large unit is used in medical terminology only. [Wikipedia]
quantity kind: Capacitance
symbol: abF

Abfarad per Centimeter
type: Permittivity Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E11
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Permittivity
symbol: abF/cm

Abhenry
type: Inductance Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: abH
code: 0020
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-9
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Inductance
symbol: abH

Abohm
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Resistance Unit
abbreviation: abOhm
code: 0030
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-9
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Resistance
symbol: abOhm

Absiemen
type: Conductance Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: aS
code: 0025
conversion multiplier: 1.0E9
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Conductivity
symbol: aS

Abtesla
type: Magnetic Field Strength Unit
type: Magnetic Flux Density Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Auxillary Magnetic Field
quantity kind: Magnetic Field
symbol: abT

Abvolt
type: Energy per Electric Charge Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: abV
code: 0035
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-8
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy per Electric Charge
symbol: abV

Abvolt Centimeter
type: Electric Flux Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: abV cm
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-10
conversion offset: 0
quantity kind: Electric Flux
symbol: abV cm

Abvolt per centimeter
type: Electric Field Strength Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Field
symbol: abV/cm

Abvolt Second
type: Magnetic Flux Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-8
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Magnetic Flux
symbol: abV-s

Acre
type: Area Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ac
code: 0040
conversion multiplier: 4046.8564224
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area
symbol: ac

Acre Foot
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: ac-ft
code: 0045
conversion multiplier: 1233.4818375475202e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume
symbol: ac-ft

Afghani
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: AFN
code: 971
currency exponent: 2
description: Afghanistan
quantity kind: Currency

Algerian Dinar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: DZD
code: 012
currency exponent: 2
description: Algeria
quantity kind: Currency

Ampere
type: Electric Current Unit
type: SI Base Unit
abbreviation: A
code: 0050
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Current
symbol: A

Ampere Hour
type: Derived Unit
type: Electric Charge Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: A-hr
code: 0055
conversion multiplier: 3600.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge
symbol: A-hr

Ampere per Degree
type: Current Per Angle Unit
type: Non SI Unit
abbreviation: A/deg
code: 2280
conversion multiplier: 57.2957795
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Current per Angle
symbol: A/deg

Ampere per Joule
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
abbreviation: A/J
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Current per Unit Energy
symbol: A J^-1

Ampere per Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Magnetic Field Strength Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: A/m
code: 0060
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Auxillary Magnetic Field
symbol: A/m

Ampere per Radian
type: Current Per Angle Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Current per Angle
symbol: A/rad

Ampere per Square Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Electric Current Density Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: A/m^2
code: 0065
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Current Density
symbol: A/m^2

Ampere Turn
type: Magnetomotive Force Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: At
code: 0070
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Magnetomotive Force
symbol: At

Ampere Turn per Inch
type: Derived Unit
type: Magnetic Field Strength Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: At/in
code: 0075
conversion multiplier: 39.3700787
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Auxillary Magnetic Field
symbol: At/in

Ampere Turn per Meter
type: Magnetic Field Strength Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: At/m
code: 0080
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Auxillary Magnetic Field
symbol: At/m

Angstrom
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Å
code: 0085
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-10
conversion offset: 0.0
description: The ångström or angstrom (symbol Å) (the latter spelling, without diacritics, is now usually used in English) (pronounced /ˈæŋstrəm/; Swedish: [ˈɔŋstrøm]) is an internationally recognized unit of length equal to 0.1 nanometre or 1×10−10 metres. It is named after Anders Jonas Ångström. Although accepted for use, it is not formally defined within the International System of Units(SI). (That article lists the units that are so defined.) The ångström is often used in the natural sciences to express the sizes of atoms, lengths of chemical bonds and the wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, and in technology for the dimensions of parts of integrated circuits. It is also commonly used in structural biology. [Wikipedia]
literal: angstrom
quantity kind: Length
symbol: Å
UNECE common code: A11

Arc Minute
type: Angle unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: arcMin
code: 1195
conversion multiplier: 0.000290888209
conversion offset: 0.0
exact match: Minute Angle
quantity kind: Plane Angle
symbol: arcMin

Arc Second
type: Angle unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Non SI Unit
abbreviation: arcSec
code: 1600
conversion multiplier: 4.84813681E-6
conversion offset: 0.0
exact match: Second Angle
quantity kind: Plane Angle
symbol: arcSec

Are
type: Area Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: a
code: 0090
conversion multiplier: 100
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area
symbol: a

Argentine Peso
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: ARS
code: 032
currency exponent: 2
description: Argentina
quantity kind: Currency

Armenian Dram
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: AMD
code: 051
currency exponent: 0
description: Armenia
quantity kind: Currency

Aruban Guilder
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: AWG
code: 533
currency exponent: 2
description: Aruba
quantity kind: Currency

Astronomical Unit
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: au
code: 0095
conversion multiplier: 1.4959787E11
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: au
UNECE common code: A12

Standard Atmosphere
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: atm
code: 0100
conversion multiplier: 101325
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: atm

Technical Atmosphere
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: at
code: 0105
conversion multiplier: 98066.5
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: at

Atomic mass unit
type: Atomic Mass Unit
abbreviation: u
code: 0486
conversion multiplier: 1.66053878283e-27
conversion offset: 0.0
description: The unified atomic mass unit (symbol: u) or dalton (symbol: Da) is a unit that is used for indicating mass on an atomic or molecular scale. It is defined as one twelfth of the rest mass of an unbound atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state,[1] and has a value of 1.660538782(83)×10−27 kg.[2] One Da is approximately equal to the mass of one proton or one neutron. The CIPM have categorised it as a "non-SI unit whose values in SI units must be obtained experimentally".[1] [Wikipedia]
symbol: u

Atomic Number
type: Atomic Charge Unit
type: Counting Unit
type: Non SI Unit
abbreviation: Z
code: 2220
quantity kind: Atomic Charge
symbol: Z

Atto
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-18
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: a

Australian Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: AUD
code: 036
currency exponent: 2
description: Australia, Australian Antarctic Territory, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Heard and McDonald Islands, Kiribati, Nauru, Norfolk Island, Tuvalu
quantity kind: Currency

Azerbaijanian Manat
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: AZN
code: 944
currency exponent: 2
description: Azerbaijan
quantity kind: Currency

Bahamian Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BSD
code: 044
currency exponent: 2
description: Bahamas
quantity kind: Currency

Bahraini Dinar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BHD
code: 048
currency exponent: 3
description: Bahrain
quantity kind: Currency

Baht
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: THB
code: 764
currency exponent: 2
description: Thailand
quantity kind: Currency

Balboa
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: PAB
code: 590
currency exponent: 2
description: Panama
quantity kind: Currency

Ban
type: Information Entropy Unit
conversion multiplier: 2.30258509
conversion offset: 0.0
description: A ban is a logarithmic unit which measures information or entropy, based on base 10 logarithms and powers of 10, rather than the powers of 2 and base 2 logarithms which define the bit. One ban is approximately 3.32 (log_2 10) bits.
quantity kind: Information Entropy
symbol: ban

Bangladeshi Taka
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BDT
code: 050
currency exponent: 2
description: Bangladesh
quantity kind: Currency

Bar
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: bar
code: 0110
conversion multiplier: 1.0E5
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: bar

Barbados Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BBD
code: 052
currency exponent: 2
description: Barbados
quantity kind: Currency

Barn
type: Area Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: b
code: 0115
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-28
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area
symbol: b

Barrel
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: bbl
code: 0120
quantity kind: Volume
symbol: bbl

Becquerel
type: Activity Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: Bq
code: 0125
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Activity
symbol: Bq

Belarussian Ruble
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BYR
code: 974
currency exponent: 0
description: Belarus
quantity kind: Currency

Belize Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BZD
code: 084
currency exponent: 2
description: Belize
quantity kind: Currency

Bermuda Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BMD
code: 060
currency exponent: 2
description: Bermuda
quantity kind: Currency

Biot
type: Electric Current Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Bi
code: 0130
conversion multiplier: 3.335641E-10
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Current
symbol: Bi

Bit
type: Information Entropy Unit
abbreviation: b
code: 3045
conversion multiplier: 0.693147181
conversion offset: 0.0
description: In information theory, a bit is the amount of information that, on average, can be stored in a discrete bit. It is thus the amount of information carried by a choice between two equally likely outcomes. One bit corresponds to about 0.693 nats (ln(2)), or 0.301 hartleys (log10(2)).
quantity kind: Information Entropy
symbol: b

Bits per Second
type: Data Rate Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Non SI Unit
abbreviation: bps
code: 2240
quantity kind: Data Rate
symbol: bps

Board Foot
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: Bf
code: 0135
conversion multiplier: 0.002360
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume
symbol: Bf

Bolivian Mvdol (Funds code)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BOV
code: 984
currency exponent: 2
description: Bolivia
quantity kind: Currency

Boliviano
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BOB
code: 068
currency exponent: 2
description: Bolivia
quantity kind: Currency

Brazilian Real
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BRL
code: 986
currency exponent: 2
description: Brazil
quantity kind: Currency

Breath
type: Event Unit
code: 2000

Breath per Minute
type: Derived Unit
type: Respiratory Rate Unit
abbreviation: breaths/min
code: 2495
quantity kind: Respiratory Rate
symbol: breaths/min

British Thermal Unit - International Steam Table
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Energy Unit
abbreviation: BtuIT
code: 0145
conversion multiplier: 1055.05585262
conversion offset: 0.0
description: The British thermal unit (BTU or Btu) is a traditional unit of energy equal to about 1 055.05585 joules. It is approximately the amount of energy needed to heat 1 pound (0.454 kg) of water from 39 °F (3.9 °C) to 40 °F (4.4 °C). The unit is most often used in the power, steam generation, heating and air conditioning industries. In scientific contexts the BTU has largely been replaced by the SI unit of energy, the joule, though it may be used as a measure of agricultural energy production (BTU/kg). It is still used unofficially in metric English-speaking countries (such as Canada), and remains the standard unit of classification for air conditioning units manufactured and sold in many non-English-speaking metric countries.
quantity kind: Energy and Work
quantity kind: Thermal Energy
symbol: Btu

British Thermal Unit - Thermochemical Calorie
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Energy Unit
abbreviation: BtuTC
code: 0155
quantity kind: Energy and Work
quantity kind: Thermal Energy
symbol: Btu

Brunei Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BND
code: 096
currency exponent: 2
description: Brunei
quantity kind: Currency

BTU Foot
type: Derived Unit
type: Thermal Energy Length Unit
abbreviation: Btu-ft
code: 0160
conversion multiplier: 321.581024
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Thermal Energy Length
symbol: Btu-ft

BTU Foot per Square Foot Hour Degree Fahrenheit
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Conductivity Unit
abbreviation: Btu-ft/(hr-ft^2-degF)
code: 0165
quantity kind: Thermal Conductivity
symbol: Btu-ft/(hr-ft^2-degF)

BTU Inch
type: Derived Unit
type: Thermal Energy Length Unit
abbreviation: Btu-in
code: 0170
conversion multiplier: 26.7984187
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Thermal Energy Length
symbol: Btu-in

BTU Inch per Square Foot Hour Degree Fahrenheit
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Conductivity Unit
abbreviation: Btu-in/(hr-ft^2-degF)
code: 0175
quantity kind: Thermal Conductivity
symbol: Btu-in/(hr-ft^2-degF)

BTU Inch per Square Foot Second Degree Fahrenheit
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Conductivity Unit
abbreviation: Btu-in/(ft^2-s-degF)
code: 0180
quantity kind: Thermal Conductivity
symbol: Btu-in/(ft^2-s-degF)

BTU per Degree Fahrenheit
type: Derived Unit
type: Heat Capacity And Entropy Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Btu/degF
code: 0185
quantity kind: Heat Capacity
symbol: Btu/degF

BTU per Degree Rankine
type: Derived Unit
type: Heat Capacity And Entropy Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Btu/degR
code: 0190
quantity kind: Heat Capacity
symbol: Btu/degR

BTU per Hour
type: Derived Unit
type: Heat Flow Rate Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Btu/hr
code: 0195
conversion multiplier: 0.29307107
conversion offset: 0.0
description: The British thermal unit (BTU or Btu) is a traditional unit of energy equal to about 1 055.05585 joules. It is approximately the amount of energy needed to heat 1 pound (0.454 kg) of water from 39 °F (3.9 °C) to 40 °F (4.4 °C). The unit is most often used in the power, steam generation, heating and air conditioning industries. In scientific contexts the BTU has largely been replaced by the SI unit of energy, the joule, though it may be used as a measure of agricultural energy production (BTU/kg). [Wikipedia]
quantity kind: Heat Flow Rate
quantity kind: Power
symbol: Btu/hr

BTU per Hour Square Foot
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Per Area Unit
abbreviation: Btu/(hr-ft^2)
code: 0200
conversion multiplier: 3.15459075
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power per Area
symbol: Btu/(hr-ft^2)

BTU per Pound
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Specific Energy Unit
abbreviation: Btu/lb
code: 0210
conversion multiplier: 2326
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Specific Energy
symbol: Btu/lb

BTU per Pound Degree Fahrenheit
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Specific Heat Capacity Unit
abbreviation: Btu/(lb-degF)
code: 0215
quantity kind: Specific Heat Capacity
symbol: Btu/(lb-degF)

BTU per Pound Degree Rankine
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Specific Heat Capacity Unit
abbreviation: Btu/(lb-degR)
code: 0220
quantity kind: Specific Heat Capacity
symbol: Btu/(lb-degR)

BTU per Pound Mole
type: Derived Unit
type: Energy and work per mass amount of substance
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Btu/(lb-mol)
code: 0225
quantity kind: Energy and Work per Mass Amount of Substance
symbol: Btu/(lb-mol)

BTU per Pound Mole Degree Fahrenheit
type: Derived Unit
type: Molar Heat Capacity Unit
abbreviation: Btu/(lb-mol-degF)
code: 0230
quantity kind: Molar Heat Capacity
symbol: Btu/(lb-mol-degF)

BTU per Second
type: Derived Unit
type: Heat Flow Rate Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Btu/s
code: 0235
conversion multiplier: 1055.05585262
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Heat Flow Rate
quantity kind: Power
symbol: Btu/s

BTU per Second Square Foot
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Per Area Unit
abbreviation: Btu/(s-ft^2)
code: 0240
conversion multiplier: 11356.5267
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power per Area
symbol: Btu/(s-ft^2)

BTU per Square Foot
type: Derived Unit
type: Energy Per Area Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Btu/ft^2
code: 0250
conversion multiplier: 11356.5267
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy per Area
symbol: Btu/ft^2

BTU per Square Foot Hour Degree Fahrenheit
type: Coefficient Of Heat Transfer Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Btu/(hr-ft^2-degF)
code: 0205
quantity kind: Coefficient of Heat Transfer
symbol: Btu/(hr-ft^2-degF)

BTU per Square Foot Second Degree Fahrenheit
type: Coefficient Of Heat Transfer Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Btu/(ft^2-s-degF)
code: 0245
quantity kind: Coefficient of Heat Transfer
symbol: Btu/(ft^2-s-degF)

Bulgarian Lev
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BGN
code: 975
currency exponent: 2
description: Bulgaria
quantity kind: Currency

Burundian Franc
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BIF
code: 108
currency exponent: 0
description: Burundi
quantity kind: Currency

Bushel
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: bu
code: 0255
conversion multiplier: 0.03523907
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dry Volume
symbol: bu

Byte
type: Derived Unit
type: Information Entropy Unit
abbreviation: B
code: 3040
conversion multiplier: 5.54517744
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Information Entropy
symbol: B

CFA Franc BCEAO
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: XOF
code: 952
currency exponent: 0
description: Benin, Burkina Faso, C�te d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo
quantity kind: Currency

CFA Franc BEAC
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: XAF
code: 950
currency exponent: 0
description: Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon
quantity kind: Currency

CFP franc
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: XPF
code: 953
currency exponent: 0
description: French Polynesia, New Caledonia, Wallis and Futuna
quantity kind: Currency

Nutritional Calorie
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Energy Unit
abbreviation: Cal
code: 0265
conversion multiplier: 4184
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
quantity kind: Thermal Energy
symbol: Cal

Thermochemical Calorie
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Energy Unit
abbreviation: cal
code: 0330
conversion multiplier: 4.184
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
quantity kind: Thermal Energy
symbol: cal

Canadian Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: CAD
code: 124
currency exponent: 2
description: Canada
quantity kind: Currency

Candela
type: Luminous Intensity Unit
type: SI Base Unit
abbreviation: cd
code: 0335
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Luminous Intensity
symbol: cd

Candela per Square Inch
type: Derived Unit
type: Luminance Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: cd/in^2
code: 0340
conversion multiplier: 1550.0031000062002e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Luminance
symbol: cd/in^2

Candela per Square Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Luminance Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: cd/m^2
code: 0345
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Luminance
symbol: cd/m^2

Candle
type: Luminous Intensity Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: cd
code: 0350
quantity kind: Luminous Intensity
symbol: cd

Candlepower
type: Luminous Intensity Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: cd
code: 0355
quantity kind: Luminous Intensity
symbol: cd

Cape Verde Escudo
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: CVE
code: 192
currency exponent: 2
description: Cape Verde
quantity kind: Currency

Carat
type: Mass Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Nm/ct
code: 0360
conversion multiplier: 0.0002
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: Nm/ct

Cayman Islands Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: KYD
code: 136
currency exponent: 2
description: Cayman Islands
quantity kind: Currency

Cedi
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: GHS
code: 936
currency exponent: 2
description: Ghana
quantity kind: Currency

Centi
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-2
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: c

Centimeter
type: Derived Unit
type: Length Unit
abbreviation: cm
code: 2016
conversion multiplier: 0.01
conversion offset: 0.0
literal: centimeter
quantity kind: Length
symbol: cm
UNECE common code: CMT

Centimeter of Water
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: cmH2O
code: 0365
conversion multiplier: 98.0630016
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: cmH2O

Centimeter per Second
type: Derived Unit
type: Linear Velocity Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-2
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Velocity
symbol: cm/s

Centimeter per Second Squared
type: Derived Unit
type: Linear Acceleration Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-2
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Acceleration
symbol: cm/s^2

Centimeter Second Degree Celsius
type: Derived Unit
type: Length Temperature Time Unit
abbreviation: cm-s-degC
code: 2030
quantity kind: Length Temperature Time
symbol: cm-s-degC

Centipoise
type: Dynamic Viscosity Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: cP
code: 0370
conversion multiplier: 0.01
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dynamic Viscosity
symbol: cP

Centistokes
type: Kinematic Viscosity Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: cSt
code: 0375
conversion multiplier: 0.01
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Kinematic Viscosity
symbol: cSt

Chain
type: Derived Unit
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ch
code: 0380
conversion multiplier: 20.1168
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: ch

Chilean Peso
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: CLP
code: 152
currency exponent: 0
description: Chile
quantity kind: Currency

Circular Mil
type: Area Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: cmil
code: 0385
quantity kind: Area
symbol: cmil

Clo
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Insulance Unit
abbreviation: clo
code: 0390
conversion multiplier: 0.155
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Thermal Insulance
symbol: clo

Colombian Peso
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: COP
code: 170
currency exponent: 0
description: Colombia
quantity kind: Currency

Colony Forming Unit
type: Microbial Formation Unit
abbreviation: CFU
code: 2405
quantity kind: Microbial Formation
symbol: CFU

Comoro Franc
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: KMF
code: 174
currency exponent: 0
description: Comoros
quantity kind: Currency

Convertible Marks
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BAM
code: 977
currency exponent: 2
description: Bosnia and Herzegovina
quantity kind: Currency

Cord
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: C
code: 0395
conversion multiplier: 3.62
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dry Volume
symbol: C

Cordoba Oro
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: NIO
code: 558
currency exponent: 2
description: Nicaragua
quantity kind: Currency

Costa Rican Colon
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: CRC
code: 188
currency exponent: 2
description: Costa Rica
quantity kind: Currency

Coulomb
type: Derived Unit
type: Electric Charge Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: C
code: 0400
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge
symbol: C

Coulomb Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Electric Dipole Moment Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: C m
code: 0405
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Dipole Moment
symbol: C m

Coulomb per Cubic Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Electric Charge Volume Density Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: C/m^3
code: 0410
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge Volume Density
symbol: C m^-3

Coulomb per Kilogram
type: Derived Unit
type: Exposure Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: C/kg
code: 0415
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge per Mass
symbol: C kg^-1

Coulomb per Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Electric Charge Line Density Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: C/m
code: 2050
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge Line Density
symbol: C/m

Coulomb per Mole
type: Electric Charge Per Amount Of Substance Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge per Amount of Substance
symbol: C mol^-1

Coulomb per Square Meter
type: Electric Charge Area Density Unit
abbreviation: C/m^2
code: 0420
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge per Unit Area
symbol: C m^-2

Coulomb Square Meter
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
abbreviation: C m^2
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Quadrupole Moment
symbol: C m^2

Croatian Kuna
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: HRK
code: 191
currency exponent: 2
description: Croatia
quantity kind: Currency

Cuban Peso
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: CUP
code: 931
currency exponent: 2
description: Cuba
quantity kind: Currency

Cubic Centimeter
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: cm^3
code: 2028
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume
symbol: cm^3

Cubic Coulomb Meter per Square Joule
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
abbreviation: C^3 m^3 J^-2
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Cubic Electric Dipole Moment per Square Energy
symbol: C^3 m^3 J^-2

Cubic Foot
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: ft^3
code: 0425
conversion multiplier: 0.028316846592e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume
symbol: ft^3

Cubic Foot per Minute
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Per Time Unit
abbreviation: ft^3/min
code: 0430
conversion multiplier: 4.719474432000001E-4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume per Unit Time
symbol: ft^3/min

Cubic Foot per Second
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Per Time Unit
abbreviation: ft^3/s
code: 0435
conversion multiplier: 0.028316846592000004e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume per Unit Time
symbol: ft^3/s

Cubic Inch
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: in^3
code: 0440
conversion multiplier: 1.6387064E-5
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume
symbol: in^3

Cubic Inch per Minute
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Per Time Unit
abbreviation: in^3/min
code: 0445
conversion multiplier: 2.7311773333333333E-7
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume per Unit Time
symbol: in^3/min

Cubic Kilometer per Second Squared
type: Volume per Time Squared Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E9
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Standard Gravitational Parameter
symbol: km^3/s^2

Cubic Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: m^3
code: 0450
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume
symbol: m^3

Cubic Meter per Hour
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Unit
type: Volume Per Time Unit
abbreviation: m^3/h
code: 2010
conversion multiplier: 2.777777777777778E-4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume per Unit Time
symbol: m^3/h

Cubic Meter per Kelvin
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Volume Thermal Expansion Unit
code: 2060
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume Thermal Expansion
symbol: m^3/K

Cubic Meter per Kilogram
type: Volume per mass unit
abbreviation: m^3/kg
conversion multiplier: 1.0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Specific Volume
symbol: m^3/kg

Cubic Meter per Kilogram Second Squared
type: Gravitational Attraction Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: m^3 kg^-1 s^-2
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Gravitational Attraction
symbol: m^3 kg^-1 s^-2

Cubic Meter per Mole
type: Chemistry Unit
abbreviation: m^3 mol^-1
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Molar Volume
symbol: m^3 mol^-1

Cubic Meter per Second
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Volume Per Time Unit
abbreviation: m^3/s
code: 0455
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume per Unit Time
symbol: m^3/s

Cubic Meter per Second Squared
type: Volume per Time Squared Unit
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Standard Gravitational Parameter
symbol: m^3/s^2

Cubic Mile
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: mi^3
code: 0460
conversion multiplier: 4.16818183E9
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume
symbol: mi^3

Cubic Millimeter
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: mm^3
code: 0453
conversion multiplier: 1.0e-9
conversion offset: 0.0
symbol: m^3

Cubic Yard
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: yd^3
code: 0465
conversion multiplier: 0.764554857984e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume
symbol: yd^3

Cubic Yard per Minute
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Per Time Unit
abbreviation: yd^3/min
code: 0470
conversion multiplier: 0.0127425809664e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume per Unit Time
symbol: yd^3/min

Curie
type: Activity Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Ci
code: 0480
conversion multiplier: 3.7E10
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Activity
symbol: Ci

Cyprus Pound
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: CYP
code: 132
currency exponent: 2
description: Cyprus
quantity kind: Currency

Czech Koruna
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: CZK
code: 203
currency exponent: 2
description: Czech Republic
quantity kind: Currency

Dalasi
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: GMD
code: 270
currency exponent: 2
description: Gambia
quantity kind: Currency

Dalton
type: Atomic Mass Unit
type: Mass Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Da
code: 0485
conversion multiplier: 1.66090210E-27
conversion offset: 0.0
description: The unified atomic mass unit (symbol: u) or dalton (symbol: Da) is a unit that is used for indicating mass on an atomic or molecular scale. It is defined as one twelfth of the rest mass of an unbound atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state,[1] and has a value of 1.660538782(83)×10−27 kg.[2] One Da is approximately equal to the mass of one proton or one neutron. The CIPM have categorised it as a "non-SI unit whose values in SI units must be obtained experimentally".[1] [Wikipedia]
quantity kind: Molecular Mass
symbol: Da

Atomic mass unit
type: Atomic Physics Unit
abbreviation: u
conversion multiplier: 1.66053878283e-30
conversion offset: 0.0
description: The unified atomic mass unit (symbol: u) or dalton (symbol: Da) is a unit that is used for indicating mass on an atomic or molecular scale. It is defined as one twelfth of the rest mass of an unbound atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state,[1] and has a value of 1.660538782(83)×10−27 kg.[2] One Da is approximately equal to the mass of one proton or one neutron. The CIPM have categorised it as a "non-SI unit whose values in SI units must be obtained experimentally".[1] [Wikipedia]
symbol: u

Danish Krone
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: DKK
code: 208
currency exponent: 2
description: Denmark, Faroe Islands, Greenland
quantity kind: Currency

Day
type: Time Unit
type: Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: d
code: 0490
conversion multiplier: 86400
conversion offset: 0.0
description: Mean solar day
quantity kind: Time
symbol: d

Day Sidereal
type: Time Unit
type: Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: d
code: 0495
quantity kind: Time
symbol: d

Debye
type: Electric Dipole Moment Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: D
code: 0500
conversion multiplier: 3.33564E-30
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Dipole Moment
symbol: D

Deca
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: da

Deci
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: d

Decibel
type: Dimensionless Unit
type: Logarithmic Unit
type: RF-Power Unit
abbreviation: dB
code: 0505
quantity kind: RF-Power
quantity kind: Signal Strength
symbol: dB

Decibel Carrier Unit
type: Non SI Unit
type: Signal Detection Threshold Unit
abbreviation: dBc
code: 2520
quantity kind: Signal Detection Threshold
symbol: dBc

Decibel Referred to 1mw
type: Dimensionless Unit
abbreviation: dBm
code: 2500
quantity kind: Dimensionless Ratio
symbol: dBm

Decimeter
type: Length Unit
abbreviation: decimeter
conversion multiplier: 0.1
conversion offset: 0.0
literal: decimeter
UNECE common code: DMT

Degree Angle
type: Angle unit
type: Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: deg
code: 0510
conversion multiplier: 0.0174532925
conversion offset: 0.0
literal: degree [unit of angle]
quantity kind: Plane Angle
symbol: °
UNECE common code: DD

Degree Celsius
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Unit
type: Temperature Unit
abbreviation: degC
code: 0515
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 273.15
quantity kind: Temperature
symbol: degC

Degree Celsius Centimeter
type: Length Temperature Unit
abbreviation: cm-degC
code: 2008
quantity kind: Length Temperature
symbol: cm-degC

Degree Celsius per Hour
type: Temperature per time unit
abbreviation: degC / hr
quantity kind: Temperature per Time
symbol: degC / hr

Degree Celsius per Minute
type: Temperature per time unit
abbreviation: degC / m
quantity kind: Temperature per Time
symbol: degC / m

Degree Celsius per Second
type: Temperature per time unit
abbreviation: degC / s
quantity kind: Temperature per Time
symbol: degC / s

Degree Centigrade
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Temperature Unit
abbreviation: DegC
code: 0520
quantity kind: Temperature
symbol: DegC

Degree Fahrenheit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Temperature Unit
abbreviation: degF
code: 0525
conversion multiplier: 0.5555555555555555556E0
conversion offset: 255.37037037037037037E0
quantity kind: Temperature
symbol: degF

Degree Fahrenheit Hour
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Resistivity Unit
abbreviation: degF-hr
code: 0530
quantity kind: Thermal Resistivity
symbol: degF-hr

Degree Fahrenheit Hour per BTU
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Resistance Unit
abbreviation: degF-hr/Btu
code: 0535
quantity kind: Thermal Resistance
symbol: degF-hr/Btu

Degree Fahrenheit per Hour
type: Temperature per time unit
abbreviation: degF / h
quantity kind: Temperature per Time
symbol: degF / h

Degree Fahrenheit per Minute
type: Temperature per time unit
abbreviation: degF / m
quantity kind: Temperature per Time
symbol: degF / m

Degree Fahrenheit per Second
type: Temperature per time unit
abbreviation: degF / s
quantity kind: Temperature per Time
symbol: degF / s

Degree per Hour
type: Angular Velocity Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Non SI Unit
abbreviation: deg/h
code: 2181
conversion multiplier: 4.84813681E-6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Angular Velocity
symbol: deg/h

Degree per Minute
type: Angular Velocity Unit
conversion multiplier: 0.000290888209
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Angular Velocity

Degree per Second
type: Angular Velocity Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Non SI Unit
abbreviation: deg/s
code: 2180
conversion multiplier: 0.0174532925
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Angular Velocity
symbol: deg/s

Degree per Second Squared
type: Angular Acceleration Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Non SI Unit
abbreviation: deg/(s^2)
code: 2170
conversion multiplier: 0.0174532925
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Angular Acceleration
symbol: deg/(s^2)

Degree Rankine
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Temperature Unit
abbreviation: degR
code: 0545
conversion multiplier: 0.5555555555555555556E0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Temperature
symbol: degR

Degree Rankine per Hour
type: Temperature per time unit
abbreviation: degR / h
quantity kind: Temperature per Time
symbol: degR / h

Degree Rankine per Minute
type: Temperature per time unit
abbreviation: degR / m
quantity kind: Temperature per Time
symbol: degR / m

Degree Rankine per Second
type: Temperature per time unit
abbreviation: degR / s
quantity kind: Temperature per Time
symbol: degR / s

Denar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MKD
code: 807
currency exponent: 2
description: Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
quantity kind: Currency

Denier
type: Mass Per Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
code: 0550
conversion multiplier: 1.1E-7
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Length

Diopter
type: Curvature Unit
abbreviation: D
code: 2064
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
description: A dioptre, or diopter, is a unit of measurement of the optical power of a lens or curved mirror, which is equal to the reciprocal of the focal length measured in metres (that is, 1/metres). For example, a 3 dioptre lens brings parallel rays of light to focus at 1/3 metre. The same unit is also sometimes used for other reciprocals of distance, particularly radii of curvature and the vergence of optical beams. Though the diopter is based on the SI-metric system it has not been included in the standard so that there is no international name or abbreviation for this unit of measurement—within the international system of units this unit for optical power would need to be specified explicitly as the inverse metre. [Wikipedia]
quantity kind: Curvature
symbol: D

Djibouti Franc
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: DJF
code: 262
currency exponent: 0
description: Djibouti
quantity kind: Currency

Dobra
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: STD
code: 678
currency exponent: 0
description: S�o Tom� and Pr�ncipe
quantity kind: Currency

Dominican Peso
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: DOP
code: 214
currency exponent: 2
description: Dominican Republic
quantity kind: Currency

Dry Gallon US
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: dry_gal
conversion multiplier: 4.40488377E-2
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dry Volume
symbol: dry_gal

US Dry Pint
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: dry_pt
code: 1370
conversion multiplier: 5.50610471E-3
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dry Volume
symbol: dry_pt

US Dry Quart
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: dry_qt
code: 1540
conversion multiplier: 0.00110122094
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dry Volume
symbol: dry_qt

Dyne
type: Derived Unit
type: Force Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: dyn
code: 0560
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-5
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force
symbol: dyn

Dyne Centimeter
type: Bending Moment Or Torque Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: dyn-cm
code: 0565
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-7
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Torque
symbol: dyn-cm

Dyne per Square Centimeter
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: dyn/cm^2
code: 0570
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: dyn/cm^2

East Caribbean Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: XCD
code: 951
currency exponent: 2
description: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
quantity kind: Currency

Egyptian Pound
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: EGP
code: 818
currency exponent: 2
description: Egypt
quantity kind: Currency

Electron Volt
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: eV
code: 0575
conversion multiplier: 1.6021765314E-19
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
symbol: eV

Electron Volt per Kelvin
type: Heat Capacity And Entropy Unit
abbreviation: eV K^-1
conversion multiplier: 1.6021765314E-19
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Heat Capacity
symbol: eV K^-1

Electron Volt per Tesla
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
abbreviation: eV T^-1
conversion multiplier: 1.6021765314E-19
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Magnetic Dipole Moment
symbol: eV T^-1

Electron Volt Second
type: Angular Momentum Unit
abbreviation: eV s
conversion multiplier: 1.6021765314E-19
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Angular Momentum
symbol: eV s

Erg
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: erg
code: 0580
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-7
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
symbol: erg

Erg per Cubic Centimeter
type: Energy Density Unit
code: 2018
conversion multiplier: 0.1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy Density
symbol: erg/cm^3

Erg per Gram
type: Specific Energy Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-4
conversion offset: 0
quantity kind: Specific Energy

Erg per Second
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Unit
abbreviation: erg/s
code: 0585
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-7
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power
symbol: erg/s

Erg per Square Centimeter Second
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Per Area Unit
abbreviation: erg/(cm^2-s)
code: 0590
conversion multiplier: 0.001
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power per Area
symbol: erg/(cm^2-s)

Erg Second
type: Angular Momentum Unit
type: Derived Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-7
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Angular Momentum
symbol: erg s

Ethiopian Birr
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: ETB
code: 230
currency exponent: 2
description: Ethiopia
quantity kind: Currency

Euro
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: EUR
code: 978
currency exponent: 2
description: European Union, see eurozone
quantity kind: Currency

European Composite Unit (EURCO) (Bonds market unit)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: XBA
code: 955
description: Bonds market unit
quantity kind: Currency

European Monetary Unit (E.M.U.-6) (Bonds market unit)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: XBB
code: 956
description: Bonds market unit
quantity kind: Currency

European Unit of Account 17 (E.U.A.-17) (Bonds market unit)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: XBD
code: 958
description: Bonds market unit
quantity kind: Currency

European Unit of Account 9 (E.U.A.-9) (Bonds market unit)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: XBC
code: 957
description: Bonds market unit
quantity kind: Currency

Exa
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E18
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: E

Exbi
type: Binary Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 152921504606846976
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: Ei

Falkland Islands Pound
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: FKP
code: 238
currency exponent: 2
description: Falkland Islands
quantity kind: Currency

Farad
type: Capacitance Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: F
code: 0595
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Capacitance
symbol: F

Farad per Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Permittivity Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: F/m
code: 0605
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Permittivity
symbol: F m^-1

Faraday
type: Electric Charge Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: F
code: 0600
conversion multiplier: 96485.3399
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge
symbol: F

Fathom
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: fath
code: 0610
conversion multiplier: 1.8288
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: fath

Femto
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-15
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: f

Femtometer
type: Length Unit
abbreviation: fm
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-15
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: fm

Fermi
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: fm
code: 0615
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-15
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: fm

Fiji Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: FJD
code: 242
currency exponent: 2
description: Fiji
quantity kind: Currency

Flight
type: Event Unit
abbreviation: flight
code: 0620
symbol: flight

Foot
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ft
code: 0625
conversion multiplier: 0.3048
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: ft

Foot Candle
type: Illuminance Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: fc
code: 0630
quantity kind: Luminous Flux per Area
symbol: fc

Foot Lambert
type: Luminance Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ft-L
code: 0635
conversion multiplier: 3.4262591
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Luminance
symbol: ft-L

Foot of Water
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: ftH2O
code: 0640
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: ftH2O

Foot per Hour
type: Linear Velocity Unit
abbreviation: ft/hr
code: 0645
conversion multiplier: 8.466666666666667E-5
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Velocity
symbol: ft/hr

Foot per Minute
type: Linear Velocity Unit
abbreviation: ft/min
code: 0650
conversion multiplier: 0.00508e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Velocity
symbol: ft/min

Foot per Second
type: Linear Velocity Unit
abbreviation: ft/s
code: 0655
conversion multiplier: 0.3048e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Velocity
symbol: ft/s

Foot per Second Squared
type: Derived Unit
type: Linear Acceleration Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ft/s^2
code: 0660
conversion multiplier: 0.3048e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Acceleration
symbol: ft/s^2

Foot Pound Force
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ft-lbf
code: 0670
conversion multiplier: 1.35581807
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
symbol: ft-lbf

Foot Pound Force per Hour
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Unit
abbreviation: ft-lbf/hr
code: 0675
conversion multiplier: 3.76616129E-3
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power
symbol: ft-lbf/hr

Foot Pound Force per Minute
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Unit
abbreviation: ft-lbf/min
code: 0680
conversion multiplier: 0.0225969678
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power
symbol: ft-lbf/min

Foot Pound Force per Second
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Unit
abbreviation: ft-lbf/s
code: 0685
conversion multiplier: 1.35581807
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power
symbol: ft-lbf/s

Foot Pound per Square Foot
type: Derived Unit
type: Energy Per Area Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ft-lbf/ft^2
code: 0690
conversion multiplier: 14.5939042
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy per Area
symbol: ft-lbf/ft^2

Foot Pound Force per Square Foot Second
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Per Area Unit
abbreviation: ft-lbf(ft^2-s)
code: 0695
conversion multiplier: 14.5939042
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power per Area
symbol: ft-lbf(ft^2-s)

Foot Pound Force per Square Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Energy Per Area Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ft-lbf/m^2
quantity kind: Energy per Area
symbol: ft-lbf/m^2

Foot Pound Force Second
type: Angular Momentum Unit
abbreviation: lbf / s
quantity kind: Angular Momentum
symbol: lbf / s

Foot Poundal
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ft-pdl
code: 0665
conversion multiplier: 0.042140124
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
symbol: ft-pdl

US Survey Foot
type: Length Unit
abbreviation: ftUS
conversion multiplier: 0.3048006
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: ft

Forint
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: HUF
code: 348
currency exponent: 0
description: Hungary
quantity kind: Currency

Fractional area
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Solid Angle Unit
abbreviation: fa
conversion multiplier: 12.5663706
conversion offset: 0
quantity kind: Solid Angle
symbol: fa

Frame per Second
type: Derived Unit
type: Video Frame Rate Unit
abbreviation: fps
code: 3000
quantity kind: Video Frame Rate
symbol: fps

Franc Congolais
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: CDF
code: 976
currency exponent: 2
description: Democratic Republic of Congo
quantity kind: Currency

Franklin
type: Electric Charge Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Fr
code: 0700
exact match: Statcoulomb
quantity kind: Electric Charge
symbol: Fr

Furlong
type: Derived Unit
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: fur
code: 0381
conversion multiplier: 201.1680
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: fur

Gal
type: Linear Acceleration Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Gal
code: 0705
quantity kind: Linear Acceleration
symbol: Gal

Imperial Gallon
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: galIMP
code: 0710
conversion multiplier: 4.54609E-3
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Liquid Volume
symbol: gal

US Gallon
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: galUS
code: 0725
conversion multiplier: 0.003785412
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Liquid Volume
symbol: gal

US Gallon per Day
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Per Time Unit
abbreviation: gal/d
code: 0715
conversion multiplier: 4.38126389E-8
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume per Unit Time
symbol: gal/d

US Gallon per Minute
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Per Time Unit
abbreviation: gal/min
code: 0720
conversion multiplier: 6.30902E-5
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume per Unit Time
symbol: gal/min

Gamma
type: Magnetic Flux Density Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: gamma
code: 0730
quantity kind: Magnetic Field
symbol: gamma

Gauss
type: Magnetic Flux Density Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: G
code: 0735
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Magnetic Field
symbol: G

Gibi
type: Binary Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1073741824
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: Gi

Gibraltar pound
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: GIP
code: 292
currency exponent: 2
description: Gibraltar
quantity kind: Currency

Giga
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E9
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: G

Giga Electron Volt
type: Derived Unit
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Non SI Unit
abbreviation: GeV
code: 2422
conversion multiplier: 1.6021765314E-10
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
symbol: GeV

Gigahertz
type: Derived Unit
type: Frequency Unit
abbreviation: GHz
code: 3035
conversion multiplier: 1.0E9
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Frequency
symbol: GHz

Gilbert
type: Magnetomotive Force Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Gi
code: 0740
conversion multiplier: 0.795774715
conversion offset: 0.0
description: The fundamental unit of magnetomotive force (mmf) in electromagnetic units is called a Gilbert. It is the mmf which will produce a magnetic field strength of one Gauss (Maxwell per Square Centimeter) in a path one centimeter long.
quantity kind: Magnetomotive Force
symbol: Gi

Gold (one Troy ounce)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: XAU
code: 959
quantity kind: Currency

Gold franc (special settlement currency)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: XFO
description: Bank for International Settlements
quantity kind: Currency

Gon
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Plane Angle Unit
abbreviation: gon
code: 0750
conversion multiplier: 0.015707963267949
conversion offset: 0
literal: gon
quantity kind: Plane Angle
symbol: gon
UNECE common code: A91

Grad
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Plane Angle Unit
abbreviation: grad
code: 0755
conversion multiplier: 0.0157079633
conversion offset: 0.0
exact match: Gon
quantity kind: Plane Angle
symbol: grad
UNECE common code: A91

Grade
type: Dimensionless Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: gr
code: 0760
description: the tangent of an angle of inclination multiplied by 100
quantity kind: Dimensionless Ratio
symbol: gr

Grain
type: Mass Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: gr
code: 0765
conversion multiplier: 6.479891E-5
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: gr

Grain per Gallon
type: Mass Per Volume Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: gr/gal
code: 0770
conversion multiplier: 0.0142537675
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Density
symbol: gr/gal

Gram
type: Derived Unit
type: Mass Unit
type: SI Unit
abbreviation: g
code: 0970
conversion multiplier: 0.001
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: g

Gram Degree Celsius
type: Mass Temperature Unit
abbreviation: g-degC
code: 2020
quantity kind: Mass Temperature
symbol: g-degC

Gravity
type: Linear Acceleration Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: G
code: 2100
conversion multiplier: 9.80665
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Acceleration
symbol: G

Gray
type: Absorbed Dose Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: Gy
code: 0775
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Absorbed Dose
symbol: Gy

Gray per Second
type: Absorbed Dose Rate Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: Gy/s
code: 0780
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Absorbed Dose Rate
symbol: Gy/s

Guarani
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: PYG
code: 600
currency exponent: 0
description: Paraguay
quantity kind: Currency

Guinea Franc
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: GNF
code: 324
currency exponent: 0
description: Guinea
quantity kind: Currency

Guyana Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: GYD
code: 328
currency exponent: 2
description: Guyana
quantity kind: Currency

Haiti Gourde
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: HTG
code: 332
currency exponent: 2
description: Haiti
quantity kind: Currency

Hartree
type: Energy And Work Unit
abbreviation: E_h
conversion multiplier: 4.35974394E-18
conversion offset: 0.0
description: A hartree (symbol E_h) is the atomic unit of energy. The hartree energy is equal to the absolute value of the electric potential energy of the hydrogen atom in its ground state.
quantity kind: Energy and Work
symbol: E_h

Heart Beat
type: Event Unit
code: 2054

Heart Beat per Minute
type: Derived Unit
type: Heart Rate Unit
type: Non SI Unit
abbreviation: BPM
code: 2335
quantity kind: Heart Rate
symbol: BPM

Hectare
type: Area Unit
type: Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ha
code: 0785
conversion multiplier: 1.0E4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area
symbol: ha

Hecto
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E2
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: h

Henry
type: Derived Unit
type: Inductance Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: H
code: 0790
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Inductance
symbol: H

Henry per Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Permeability Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: H/m
code: 0795
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Permeability
symbol: H/m

Hertz
type: Derived Unit
type: Frequency Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: Hz
code: 3020
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Frequency
symbol: Hz

Hertz per Kelvin
type: Thermodynamics Unit
abbreviation: Hz K^-1
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Inverse Time Temperature
symbol: Hz K^-1

Hertz per Tesla
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
abbreviation: Hz T^-1
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge per Mass
symbol: Hz T^-1

Hertz per Volt
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
abbreviation: Hz V^-1
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Inverse Magnetic Flux
symbol: Hz V^-1

Hong Kong Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: HKD
code: 344
currency exponent: 1
description: Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
quantity kind: Currency

Horsepower
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Unit
abbreviation: HP
code: 0805
conversion multiplier: 745.6999
conversion offset: 0.0
description: 550 foot-pound force per second
quantity kind: Power
symbol: HP

Horsepower Boiler
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Unit
abbreviation: hp/boiler
code: 0810
quantity kind: Power
symbol: hp/boiler

Horsepower Electric
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Unit
abbreviation: hp/V
code: 0815
quantity kind: Power
symbol: hp/V

Horsepower Metric
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Unit
abbreviation: hp/m
code: 0820
quantity kind: Power
symbol: hp/m

Horsepower Water
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Unit
abbreviation: hp/H2O
code: 0825
quantity kind: Power
symbol: hp/H2O

Hour
type: Time Unit
type: Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: hr
code: 0830
conversion multiplier: 3600.0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Time
symbol: hr

Hour Sidereal
type: Time Unit
type: Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: hr
code: 0835
quantity kind: Time
symbol: hr

Hour Square Foot
type: Derived Unit
type: Time Area Unit
abbreviation: hr-ft^2
code: 0840
conversion multiplier: 334.450944
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area Time
symbol: hr-ft^2

Hryvnia
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: UAH
code: 980
currency exponent: 2
description: Ukraine
quantity kind: Currency

Hundred Weight - Long
type: Mass Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: cwt
code: 0850
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: cwt

Hundred Weight - Short
type: Mass Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: cwt
code: 0855
conversion multiplier: 45.359237
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: cwt

Iceland Krona
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: ISK
code: 352
currency exponent: 0
description: Iceland
quantity kind: Currency

Inch
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: in
code: 0860
conversion multiplier: 0.0254
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: in

Inch of Mercury
type: Non SI Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: inHg
code: 0865
conversion multiplier: 3386.389
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: inHg

Inch of Water
type: Non SI Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: inAq
code: 0870
conversion multiplier: 249.080024
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: inAq

Inch per Second
type: Linear Velocity Unit
code: 2066
conversion multiplier: 0.0254e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Velocity

Inch per Second Squared
type: Derived Unit
type: Linear Acceleration Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: in/s^2
code: 1111
conversion multiplier: 0.0254e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Acceleration
symbol: in/s^2

Inch Pound Force
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: in-lbf
conversion multiplier: 16.2698168
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
symbol: in-lbf

Indian Rupee
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: INR
code: 356
currency exponent: 2
description: Bhutan, India
quantity kind: Currency

International Unit
type: Amount Of Substance Unit
abbreviation: IU
code: 2062
quantity kind: Amount of Substance
symbol: IU

International Unit per Liter
type: Derived Unit
type: Serum Or Plasma Level Unit
abbreviation: IU/L
code: 2515
quantity kind: Serum or Plasma Level
symbol: IU/L

Iranian Rial
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: IRR
code: 364
currency exponent: 0
description: Iran
quantity kind: Currency

Iraqi Dinar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: IQD
code: 368
currency exponent: 0
description: Iraq
quantity kind: Currency

Jamaican Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: JMD
code: 388
currency exponent: 2
description: Jamaica
quantity kind: Currency

Japanese yen
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: JPY
code: 392
currency exponent: 0
description: Japan
quantity kind: Currency

Jordanian Dinar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: JOD
code: 400
currency exponent: 3
description: Jordan
quantity kind: Currency

Joule
type: Derived Unit
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Thermal Energy Unit
abbreviation: J
code: 0885
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
exact match: Newton Meter
quantity kind: Energy and Work
symbol: J

Joule Meter per Mole
type: Chemistry Unit
abbreviation: J m mol^-1
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length Molar Energy
symbol: J m mol^-1

Joule per Cubic Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Energy Density Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: J/m^3
code: 0890
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy Density
symbol: J/m^3

Joule per Cubic Meter Kelvin
type: Derived Unit
type: Energy Density Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: J/(m^3 K)
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volumetric Heat Capacity
symbol: J/(m^3 K)

Joule per Kelvin
type: Derived Unit
type: Heat Capacity And Entropy Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: J/K
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Heat Capacity
symbol: J K^-1

Joule per Kilogram
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Specific Energy Unit
abbreviation: J/kg
code: 0900
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Specific Energy
symbol: J/kg

Joule per Kilogram Kelvin
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Specific Heat Capacity Unit
abbreviation: J/(kg-K)
code: 0905
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Specific Heat Capacity
symbol: J/(kg-K)

Joule per Kilogram Kelvin per Cubic Meter
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Specific Heat Volume Unit
code: 2032
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Specific Heat Volume
symbol: J/(kg-K-m^3)

Joule per Kilogram Kelvin per Pascal
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Specific Heat Pressure Unit
code: 2034
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Specific Heat Pressure
symbol: J/(km-K-Pa)

Joule per Mole
type: Derived Unit
type: Molar Energy Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: J/mol
code: 0910
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Molar Energy
symbol: J/mol

Joule per Mole Kelvin
type: Derived Unit
type: Molar Heat Capacity Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: J/(mol-K)
code: 0915
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Molar Heat Capacity
symbol: J mol^-1 K^-1

Joule per Square Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Energy Per Area Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: J/m^2
code: 0920
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy per Area
symbol: J/m^2

Joule per Square Tesla
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
abbreviation: J T^-2
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy per Square Magnetic Flux Density
symbol: J T^-2

Joule per Tesla
type: Derived Unit
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Magnetic Dipole Moment
symbol: J T^-1

Joule Second
type: Angular Momentum Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: J s
code: 2036
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Angular Momentum
symbol: J s

Joule Second per Mole
type: Mechanics Unit
abbreviation: J s mol^-1
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Molar Angular Momentum
symbol: J s mol^-1

Katal
type: Catalytic Activity Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: kat
code: 0925
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Catalytic Activity
symbol: kat

Kelvin
type: SI Base Unit
type: Temperature Unit
abbreviation: K
code: 0930
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Temperature
symbol: K

Kelvin per Hour
type: Temperature per time unit
abbreviation: K / h
conversion multiplier: 3600.0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Temperature per Time
symbol: K / h

Kelvin per Minute
type: Temperature per time unit
abbreviation: K / m
conversion multiplier: 60.0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Temperature per Time
symbol: K / m

Kelvin per Second
type: Temperature per time unit
abbreviation: K / s
conversion multiplier: 1.0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Temperature per Time
symbol: K / s

Kelvin per Tesla
type: Thermodynamics Unit
abbreviation: K T^-1
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Temperature per Magnetic Flux Density
symbol: K T^-1

Kelvin per Watt
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Thermal Resistance Unit
abbreviation: K/W
code: 0945
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Thermal Resistance
symbol: K/W

Kenyan Shilling
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: KES
code: 404
currency exponent: 2
description: Kenya
quantity kind: Currency

Kibi
type: Binary Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1024
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: Ki

Kilo
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E3
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: k

Kilo Electron Volt
type: Derived Unit
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Non SI Unit
abbreviation: keV
code: 2420
conversion multiplier: 1.6021765314E-16
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
symbol: keV

Kilo Electron Volt per Micrometer
type: Derived Unit
type: Linear Energy Transfer Unit
type: Non SI Unit
abbreviation: keV/microM
code: 2370
conversion multiplier: 1.60217653E-10
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Energy Transfer
symbol: keV/µm

Kilohertz
type: Derived Unit
type: Frequency Unit
abbreviation: KHz
code: 3025
conversion multiplier: 1.0E3
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Frequency
symbol: KHz

Kilopascal
type: Derived Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
type: SI Unit
abbreviation: KPa
code: 2040
conversion multiplier: 1000.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: KPa

Kilopascal Absolute
type: Derived Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
type: SI Unit
abbreviation: KPaA
code: 2052
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: KPaA

Kilopond
type: Force Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: kp
code: 1020
conversion multiplier: 9.80665
conversion offset: 0.0
description: Same as kilogramForce
quantity kind: Force
symbol: kp

Kilobit per Second
type: Data Rate Unit
type: Derived Unit
abbreviation: kbps
code: 3010
quantity kind: Data Rate
symbol: kbps

Kilocalorie
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Energy Unit
abbreviation: kcal
code: 0965
conversion multiplier: 4184
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
quantity kind: Thermal Energy
symbol: kcal

Calorie per Centimeter Second Degree Celsius
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Conductivity Unit
abbreviation: cal/(cm-s-degC)
code: 0270
quantity kind: Thermal Conductivity
symbol: cal/(cm-s-degC)

Kilocalorie per Gram
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Specific Energy Unit
abbreviation: kcal/gm
code: 0275
conversion multiplier: 4.184E6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Specific Energy
symbol: kcal/gm

Calorie per Gram Degree Celsius
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Specific Heat Capacity Unit
abbreviation: kcal/(gm-degC)
code: 0280
quantity kind: Specific Heat Capacity
symbol: kcal/(gm-degC)

Kilocalorie per Minute
type: Derived Unit
type: Heat Flow Rate Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: kcal/min
code: 0290
conversion multiplier: 69.7333333
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Heat Flow Rate
quantity kind: Power
symbol: kcal/min

Kilocalorie per Mole
type: Derived Unit
type: Molar Energy Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: kcal/mol
code: 0295
quantity kind: Molar Energy
symbol: kcal/mol

Kilocalorie per Mole Degree Celsius
type: Derived Unit
type: Molar Heat Capacity Unit
abbreviation: kcal/(mol-degC)
code: 0300
quantity kind: Molar Heat Capacity
symbol: kcal/(mol-degC)

Kilocalorie per Second
type: Derived Unit
type: Heat Flow Rate Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: kcal/s
code: 0305
conversion multiplier: 4184
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Heat Flow Rate
quantity kind: Power
symbol: kcal/s

Kilocalorie per Square Centimeter
type: Derived Unit
type: Energy Per Area Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: kcal/cm^2
code: 0310
conversion multiplier: 4.184E-7
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy per Area
symbol: kcal/cm^2

Kilocalorie per Square Centimeter Minute
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Per Area Unit
abbreviation: kcal/(cm^2-min)
code: 0315
conversion multiplier: 6.97333333E-5
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power per Area
symbol: kcal/(cm^2-min)

Kilocalorie per Square Centimeter Second
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Per Area Unit
abbreviation: kcal/(cm^2-s)
code: 0320
conversion multiplier: 4.184E-7
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power per Area
symbol: kcal/(cm^2-s)

Kilogram
type: Mass Unit
type: SI Base Unit
abbreviation: kg
code: 0971
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: kg

Kilogram Force
type: Force Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: kgf
code: 0975
conversion multiplier: 9.80665
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force
symbol: kgf

Kilogram Force Meter
type: Bending Moment Or Torque Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: kgf-m
code: 0980
conversion multiplier: 9.80665
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Torque
symbol: kgf-m

Kilogram Force per Square Centimeter
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: kgf/cm^2
code: 0985
conversion multiplier: 98066.5
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: kgf/cm^2

Kilogram Kelvin
type: Derived Unit
type: Mass Temperature Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: kg-K
code: 0990
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass Temperature
symbol: kg-K

Kilogram Meter Per Second
type: Derived Unit
type: Linear Momentum Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: kg-m/s
code: 2058
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Momentum
symbol: kg m s^-1

Kilogram Meter Squared
type: Angular Mass Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: kg-m^2
code: 2014
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Moment of Inertia
symbol: kg-m^2

Kilogram per Cubic Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Mass Per Volume Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: kg/m^3
code: 0995
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Density
symbol: kg/m^3

Kilogram per Hour
type: Derived Unit
type: Mass Per Time Unit
type: SI Unit
abbreviation: kg/h
code: 2056
conversion multiplier: 0.000277777778
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Time
symbol: kg/h

Kilogram per Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Mass Per Length Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: kg/m
code: 1000
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Length
symbol: kg/m

Kilogram per Mole
type: Chemistry Unit
abbreviation: kg mol^-1
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Molar Mass
symbol: kg mol^-1

Kilogram per Second
type: Derived Unit
type: Mass Per Time Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: kg/s
code: 1005
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Time
symbol: kg/s

Kilogram per Square Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Mass Per Area Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: kg/m^2
code: 1010
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Area
symbol: kg/m^2

Kilogram Second Squared
type: Derived Unit
type: Mechanics Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
symbol: kg-s^2

Kilometer
type: Derived Unit
type: Length Unit
type: SI Unit
abbreviation: km
code: 1091
conversion multiplier: 1000
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: km

Kilometer per Hour
type: Linear Velocity Unit
abbreviation: km/hr
code: 1015
conversion multiplier: 0.2777777777777778e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Velocity
symbol: km/hr

Kilometer per Second
type: Linear Velocity Unit
abbreviation: km/s
code: 1106
conversion multiplier: 1000.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Velocity
symbol: km/s

Kilowatt
type: Derived Unit
type: Heat Flow Rate Unit
type: Power Unit
abbreviation: kW
code: 1030
conversion multiplier: 1000.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power
symbol: kW

Kilowatthour
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: kW-hr
code: 1035
conversion multiplier: 3.6E6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
symbol: kW-hr

Kina
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: PGK
code: 598
currency exponent: 2
description: Papua New Guinea
quantity kind: Currency

Kip
type: Force Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: kip
code: 1040
conversion multiplier: 4448.222
conversion offset: 0.0
description: 1000 pound-force
quantity kind: Force
symbol: kip

Kip per Square Inch
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: kip/in^2
code: 1045
conversion multiplier: 6894757.89
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: kip/in^2

Knot
type: Linear Velocity Unit
abbreviation: kn
code: 1050
conversion multiplier: 0.5144444444444445e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Velocity
symbol: kn

Knot per Second
type: Derived Unit
type: Linear Acceleration Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: kt/s
code: 2115
conversion multiplier: 0.5144444444444445e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Acceleration
symbol: kt/s

Kroon
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: EEK
code: 233
currency exponent: 2
description: Estonia
quantity kind: Currency

Kuwaiti Dinar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: KWD
code: 414
currency exponent: 3
description: Kuwait
quantity kind: Currency

Kwanza
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: AOA
code: 973
currency exponent: 1
description: Angola
quantity kind: Currency

Kyat
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MMK
code: 104
currency exponent: 0
description: Myanmar
quantity kind: Currency

Lambert
type: Luminance Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: L
code: 1055
conversion multiplier: 3183.09886
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Luminance
symbol: L

Laos kip
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: LAK
code: 418
currency exponent: 0
description: Laos
symbol: ₭

Lari
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: GEL
code: 981
currency exponent: 2
description: Georgia
quantity kind: Currency

Latvian Lats
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: LVL
code: 428
currency exponent: 2
description: Latvia
quantity kind: Currency

Launch
type: Event Unit
code: 1060

Lebanese Pound
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: LBP
code: 422
currency exponent: 0
description: Lebanon
quantity kind: Currency

Lek
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: ALL
code: 008
currency exponent: 2
description: Albania
quantity kind: Currency

Lempira
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: HNL
code: 340
currency exponent: 2
description: Honduras
quantity kind: Currency

Leone
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: SLL
code: 694
currency exponent: 0
description: Sierra Leone
quantity kind: Currency

Liberian Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: LRD
code: 430
currency exponent: 2
description: Liberia
quantity kind: Currency

Libyan Dinar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: LYD
code: 434
currency exponent: 3
description: Libya
quantity kind: Currency

Light Year
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ly
code: 1065
conversion multiplier: 9.4607304725808E15
conversion offset: 0.0
description: A unit of length defining the distance, in meters, that light travels in a vacuum in one year.
literal: lightyear
quantity kind: Length
symbol: ly
UNECE common code: B57

Lilangeni
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: SZL
code: 748
currency exponent: 2
description: Swaziland
quantity kind: Currency

US Liquid Cup
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: cup
code: 0475
conversion multiplier: 2.3658825E-3
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Liquid Volume
symbol: cup

US Liquid Ounce
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: oz
code: 1320
conversion multiplier: 2.95735296E-5
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Liquid Volume
symbol: oz

US Liquid Pint
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: pt
code: 1375
conversion multiplier: 4.731765E-3
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Liquid Volume
symbol: pt

US Liquid Quart
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: qt
code: 1545
conversion multiplier: 9.46353E-3
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Liquid Volume
symbol: qt

Liter
type: Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: L
code: 1070
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-3
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Liquid Volume
symbol: L

Lithuanian Litas
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: LTL
code: 440
currency exponent: 2
description: Lithuania
quantity kind: Currency

Loti
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: LSL
code: 426
currency exponent: 2
description: Lesotho
quantity kind: Currency

Lumen
type: Derived Unit
type: Luminous Flux Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: lm
code: 1075
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Luminous Flux
symbol: lm

Lumen per Watt
type: Luminous Efficacy Unit
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0
quantity kind: Luminous Efficacy

Lumen Second
type: Luminous Energy Unit
abbreviation: lm s
quantity kind: Luminous Energy

Lux
type: Derived Unit
type: Illuminance Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: lx
code: 1080
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Luminous Flux per Area
symbol: lx

Mach
type: Dimensionless Unit
quantity kind: Dimensionless Ratio

Malagasy Ariary
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MGA
code: 969
currency exponent: 0
description: Madagascar
quantity kind: Currency

Malawi Kwacha
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MWK
code: 894
currency exponent: 2
description: Malawi
quantity kind: Currency

Malaysian Ringgit
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MYR
code: 458
currency exponent: 2
description: Malaysia
quantity kind: Currency

Maltese Lira
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MTL
description: Malta
quantity kind: Currency

Manat
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: TMM
code: 934
currency exponent: 2
description: Turkmenistan
quantity kind: Currency

Mauritius Rupee
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MUR
code: 480
currency exponent: 2
description: Mauritius
quantity kind: Currency

Maxwell
type: Magnetic Flux Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Mx
code: 1085
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-8
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Magnetic Flux
symbol: Mx

Mebi
type: Binary Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1048576
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: Mi

Mega
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: M

Mega Electron Volt
type: Derived Unit
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Non SI Unit
abbreviation: MeV
code: 2421
conversion multiplier: 1.6021765314E-13
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
symbol: MeV

Mega Electron Volt Femtometer
type: Mechanics Unit
abbreviation: MeV fm
conversion multiplier: 1.60217653E-28
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length Energy
symbol: MeV fm

Mega Electron Volt per Centimeter
type: Derived Unit
type: Linear Energy Transfer Unit
type: Non SI Unit
abbreviation: MeV/cm
code: 2371
conversion multiplier: 1.6021765314E-11
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Energy Transfer
symbol: MeV/cm

Mega Electron Volt per Speed of Light
type: Linear Momentum Unit
abbreviation: MeV/c
quantity kind: Linear Momentum
symbol: MeV/c

Megahertz
type: Derived Unit
type: Frequency Unit
abbreviation: MHz
code: 3030
conversion multiplier: 1.0E6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Frequency
symbol: MHz

Mega Hertz per Kelvin
type: Thermodynamics Unit
abbreviation: MHz K^-1
conversion multiplier: 1.0E6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Inverse Time Temperature
symbol: MHz K^-1

Mega Hertz per Tesla
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
abbreviation: MHz T^-1
conversion multiplier: 1.0E6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge per Mass
symbol: MHz T^-1

Megabit per Second
type: Data Rate Unit
type: Derived Unit
abbreviation: mbps
code: 3015
quantity kind: Data Rate
symbol: mbps

Meter
type: Length Unit
type: SI Base Unit
abbreviation: m
code: 1090
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: m
UNECE common code: MTR

Meter Kelvin
type: Derived Unit
type: Length Temperature Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: m K
code: 1095
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length Temperature
symbol: m K

Meter Kelvin per Watt
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Thermal Resistivity Unit
abbreviation: K-m/W
code: 0940
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Thermal Resistivity
symbol: K-m/W

Meter Kilogram
type: Derived Unit
type: Mechanics Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: m-kg
code: 1100
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length Mass
symbol: m-kg

Meter per Farad
type: Derived Unit
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Inverse Permittivity
symbol: m/F

Meter per Hour
type: Linear Velocity Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: m/h
conversion multiplier: 0.000277777778
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Velocity
symbol: m h^-1

Meter per Kelvin
type: Linear Thermal Expansion Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
code: 2044
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Thermal Expansion
symbol: m/K

Meter per Minute
type: Linear Velocity Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: m/min
conversion multiplier: 0.0166666667
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Velocity
symbol: m min^-1

Meter per Second
type: Linear Velocity Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: m/s
code: 1105
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Velocity
symbol: m s^-1

Meter per Second Squared
type: Derived Unit
type: Linear Acceleration Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: m/s^2
code: 1110
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Acceleration
symbol: m s^-2

Metical
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MZN
code: 943
currency exponent: 2
description: Mozambique
quantity kind: Currency

Metric Ton
type: Mass Unit
abbreviation: mT
code: 1115
conversion multiplier: 1000
conversion offset: 0.0
description: Also called tonne
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: mT

Mexican Peso
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MXN
code: 484
currency exponent: 2
description: Mexico
quantity kind: Currency

Mexican Unidad de Inversion (UDI) (Funds code)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MXV
code: 979
currency exponent: 2
description: Mexico
quantity kind: Currency

Mho
type: Conductance Unit
abbreviation: mho
code: 1120
exact match: Siemens
quantity kind: Electric Conductivity
symbol: mho

Micro
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: µ

Microfarad
type: Capacitance Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Unit
abbreviation: microF
code: 2655
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Capacitance
symbol: microF

Microhenry
type: Derived Unit
type: Inductance Unit
type: SI Unit
abbreviation: microH
code: 2675
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Inductance
symbol: microH

Microinch
type: Derived Unit
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: in^-6
code: 1125
conversion multiplier: 2.54E-8
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: in^-6

Microsecond
type: Derived Unit
type: Time Unit
abbreviation: microsec
code: 1617
conversion multiplier: 0.000001
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Time
symbol: microsec

MicroTorr
type: Non SI Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: µtorr
code: 2026
conversion multiplier: 1.33322E-4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: µtorr

Microgravity
type: Linear Acceleration Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: microG
code: 2110
conversion multiplier: 9.80665E-6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Acceleration
symbol: microG

Micrometer
type: Derived Unit
type: Length Unit
abbreviation: µm
code: 2012
conversion multiplier: 0.000001
conversion offset: 0.0
literal: micrometer (micron)
quantity kind: Length
symbol: µm
UNECE common code: 4H

Mil Angle (NATO)
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Plane Angle Unit
abbreviation: mil
code: 1135
conversion multiplier: 0.000490873852
conversion offset: 0
description: The Mil unit of plane angle, as defined by NATO to be 1/6400 of a circle.
quantity kind: Plane Angle
symbol: mil

Mil Length
type: Derived Unit
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: mil
code: 1165
quantity kind: Length
symbol: mil

Mile - International Standard
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: miINT
code: 1140
conversion multiplier: 1609.344
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: mi

Mile per Hour
type: Linear Velocity Unit
abbreviation: mi/hr
code: 1150
conversion multiplier: 0.44704
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Velocity
symbol: mi/hr

Mile per Minute
type: Linear Velocity Unit
abbreviation: mi/min
code: 1155
conversion multiplier: 26.8224
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Velocity
symbol: mi/min

Mile US Statute
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: miUS
code: 1160
conversion multiplier: 1609.347
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: mi

Milli
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-3
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: m

Millihenry
type: Derived Unit
type: Inductance Unit
type: SI Unit
abbreviation: milliH
code: 2670
conversion multiplier: 0.0010e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Inductance
symbol: milliH

Millisecond
type: Derived Unit
type: Time Unit
abbreviation: ms
code: 1616
conversion multiplier: 0.001
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Time
symbol: ms

MilliTorr
type: Non SI Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: utorr
code: 2046
conversion multiplier: 0.133322
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: utorr

Millibar
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: mbar
code: 1170
conversion multiplier: 1.0E2
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: mbar

Milligravity
type: Derived Unit
type: Linear Acceleration Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: mG
code: 2105
conversion multiplier: 9.80665E-3
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Acceleration
symbol: mG

Millimeter
type: Derived Unit
type: Length Unit
type: SI Unit
abbreviation: m^-3
code: 1093
conversion multiplier: 0.001
conversion offset: 0.0
symbol: mm

Millimeter of Mercury
type: Non SI Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: mmHg
code: 1175
conversion multiplier: 86014.2806
conversion offset: 0.0
description: The millimeter of mercury is defined as the pressure exerted at the base of a column of fluid exactly 1 mm high, when the density of the fluid is exactly 13.5951 g/cm3, at a place where the acceleration of gravity is exactly 9.80665 m/s^2.
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: mmHg

Millimeter of Mercury - Absolute
type: Non SI Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: mmHgA
code: 2002
description: Millimeters of Mercury inclusive of atmospheric pressure
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: mmHgA

Million US Dollars per Flight
type: Derived Unit
type: Financial Unit
abbreviation: M$/Flight
code: 1185
symbol: M$/Flight

Million US Dollars per Year
type: Derived Unit
type: Rate Of Return Unit
abbreviation: M$/yr
code: 1190
symbol: M$/yr

Million US Dollars
type: Currency Unit
type: Derived Unit
abbreviation: Million USD
code: 1180
conversion multiplier: 1.0E6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Currency

Minute Angle
type: Angle unit
conversion multiplier: 0.0002908882
conversion offset: 0.0
literal: minute [unit of angle]
symbol: '
UNECE common code: D61

Minute Sidereal
type: Time Unit
type: Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: min
code: 1200
quantity kind: Time
symbol: min

Minute Time
type: Time Unit
type: Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: min
code: 1205
conversion multiplier: 60.0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Time
symbol: min

Moldovan Leu
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MDL
code: 498
currency exponent: 2
description: Moldova
quantity kind: Currency

Mole
type: Amount Of Substance Unit
type: SI Base Unit
abbreviation: mol
code: 1210
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Amount of Substance
symbol: mol

Mole Degree Celsius
type: Amount of substance temperature unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Thermodynamics Unit
abbreviation: mol-degC
code: 2004
quantity kind: Temperature Amount of Substance
symbol: mol-degC

Mole Kelvin
type: Amount of substance temperature unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: mol-K
code: 1215
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Temperature Amount of Substance
symbol: mol-K

Mole per Cubic Meter
type: Molar Concentration Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: mol/m^3
code: 1220
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Amount of Substance Per Unit Volume
symbol: mol/m^3

Mole per Kilogram
type: Molal Concentration Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Amount of substance per unit mass
symbol: mol/kg

Moroccan Dirham
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MAD
code: 504
currency exponent: 2
description: Morocco, Western Sahara
quantity kind: Currency

Naira
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: NGN
code: 566
currency exponent: 2
description: Nigeria
quantity kind: Currency

Nakfa
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: ERN
code: 232
currency exponent: 2
description: Eritrea
quantity kind: Currency

Namibian Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: NAD
code: 516
currency exponent: 2
description: Namibia
quantity kind: Currency

Nano
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-9
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: n

Nanofarad
type: Capacitance Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Unit
abbreviation: nF
code: 2660
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-9
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Capacitance
symbol: nF

Nat
type: Information Entropy Unit
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
description: A nat is a logarithmic unit of information or entropy, based on natural logarithms and powers of e, rather than the powers of 2 and base 2 logarithms which define the bit. The nat is the natural unit for information entropy. Physical systems of natural units which normalize Boltzmann's constant to 1 are effectively measuring thermodynamic entropy in nats.
quantity kind: Information Entropy
symbol: nat

Nautical Mile
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: nmi
code: 1145
conversion multiplier: 1852.0
conversion offset: 0.0
literal: nautical mile
quantity kind: Length
symbol: n mile
UNECE common code: NMI

Nautical Mile per Hour
type: Linear Velocity Unit
abbreviation: nmi/hr
exact match: Knot
quantity kind: Linear Velocity
symbol: nmi/hr

Nautical Mile per Minute
type: Linear Velocity Unit
abbreviation: nmi/min
quantity kind: Linear Velocity
symbol: nmi/min

Nepalese Rupee
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: NPR
code: 524
currency exponent: 2
description: Nepal
quantity kind: Currency

Nephelometry Turbidity Unit
type: Turbidity Unit
abbreviation: NTU
code: 2560
quantity kind: Turbidity
symbol: NTU

Netherlands Antillian Guilder
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: ANG
code: 532
currency exponent: 2
description: Netherlands Antilles
quantity kind: Currency

New Israeli Shekel
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: ILS
code: 376
currency exponent: 2
description: Israel
quantity kind: Currency

New Taiwan Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: TWD
code: 901
currency exponent: 1
description: Taiwan and other islands that are under the effective control of the Republic of China (ROC)
quantity kind: Currency

New Turkish Lira
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: TRY
code: 949
currency exponent: 2
description: Turkey
quantity kind: Currency

New Zealand Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: NZD
code: 554
currency exponent: 2
description: Cook Islands, New Zealand, Niue, Pitcairn, Tokelau
quantity kind: Currency

Newton
type: Derived Unit
type: Force Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: N
code: 1225
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force
symbol: N

Newton Meter
type: Bending Moment Or Torque Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: N-m
code: 1230
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
exact match: Joule
quantity kind: Torque
symbol: N-m

Newton per Coulomb
type: Derived Unit
type: Force Per Electric Charge Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: N/C
code: 1235
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force per Electric Charge
symbol: N/C

Newton per Kilogram
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Thrust To Mass Ratio Unit
abbreviation: N/kg
code: 1240
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Thrust to Mass Ratio
symbol: N/kg

Newton per Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Force Per Length Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: N/m
code: 1245
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force per Unit Length
symbol: N/m

Ngultrum
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BTN
code: 064
currency exponent: 2
description: Bhutan
quantity kind: Currency

North Korean Won
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: KPW
code: 408
currency exponent: 0
description: North Korea
quantity kind: Currency

Norwegian Krone
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: NOK
code: 578
currency exponent: 2
description: Norway
quantity kind: Currency

Nuevo Sol
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: PEN
code: 604
currency exponent: 2
description: Peru
quantity kind: Currency

Number
type: Counting Unit
abbreviation: #
code: 1250
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: #

Number per Year
type: Counting Unit
type: Derived Unit
abbreviation: #/yr
code: 1255
quantity kind: Frequency
symbol: #/yr

Oersted
type: Magnetic Field Strength Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Oe
code: 1260
conversion multiplier: 79.5774715
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Auxillary Magnetic Field
symbol: Oe

Oersted Centimeter
type: Derived Unit
type: Magnetomotive Force Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Oe-cm
code: 1265
conversion multiplier: 0.795774715
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Magnetomotive Force
symbol: Oe-cm

Ohm
type: Derived Unit
type: Resistance Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: Ohm
code: 1270
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Resistance
symbol: ohm

Rial Omani
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: OMR
code: 512
currency exponent: 3
description: Oman
quantity kind: Currency

Ouguiya
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MRO
code: 478
currency exponent: 0
description: Mauritania
quantity kind: Currency

Ounce Force
type: Force Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ozf
code: 1280
conversion multiplier: 0.278013875
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force
symbol: ozf

Ounce Force Inch
type: Bending Moment Or Torque Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ozf-in
code: 1285
conversion multiplier: 7.06155243E-2
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Torque
symbol: ozf-in

Imperial Ounce
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: oz
code: 1290
conversion multiplier: 2.84130625E-5
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Liquid Volume
symbol: oz

Ounce Mass
type: Mass Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ozm
code: 1275
conversion multiplier: 0.028349523125
conversion offset: 0.0
description: An ounce of mass is 1/16th of a pound of mass, based on the international standard definition of the pound as exactly 0.45359237 kg.
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: ozm

Ounce per Cubic Inch
type: Mass Per Volume Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: oz/in^3
code: 1295
conversion multiplier: 1729.99404
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Density
symbol: oz/in^3

Ounce per Gallon
type: Derived Unit
type: Mass Per Volume Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: oz/gal
code: 1300
conversion multiplier: 6.23602329
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Density
symbol: oz/gal

Ounce per Square Foot
type: Mass Per Area Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: oz/ft^2
code: 1305
conversion multiplier: 0.305151727
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Area
symbol: oz/ft^2

Ounce per Square Yard
type: Mass Per Area Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: oz/yd^2
code: 1310
conversion multiplier: 0.0339057474748823e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Area
symbol: oz/yd^2

Ounce Troy
type: Mass Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: oz
code: 1315
conversion multiplier: 0.0311034768
conversion offset: 0.0
description: An obsolete unit of mass; the Troy Ounce is 1/12th of a Troy Pound. Based on the international definition of a Troy Pound as 5760 grains, the Troy Ounce is exactly 480 grains, or 0.0311034768 kg.
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: oz

Pa'anga
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: TOP
code: 776
currency exponent: 2
description: Tonga
quantity kind: Currency

Pakistan Rupee
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: PKR
code: 586
currency exponent: 2
description: Pakistan
quantity kind: Currency

Palladium (one Troy ounce)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: XPD
code: 964
quantity kind: Currency

Parsec
type: Length Unit
abbreviation: parsec
conversion multiplier: 3.085678E16
conversion offset: 0.0
description: The parsec (parallax of one arcsecond; symbol: pc) is a unit of length, equal to just under 31 trillion (31×1012) kilometres (about 19 trillion miles), 206265 AU, or about 3.26 light-years. The parsec measurement unit is used in astronomy. It is defined as the length of the adjacent side of an imaginary right triangle in space. The two dimensions that specify this triangle are the parallax angle (defined as 1 arcsecond) and the opposite side (defined as 1 astronomical unit (AU), the distance from the Earth to the Sun). Given these two measurements, along with the rules of trigonometry, the length of the adjacent side (the parsec) can be found. [Wikipedia]
literal: parsec
symbol: pc
UNECE common code: C63

Pascal
type: Derived Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: Pa
code: 1325
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: Pa

Pascal per Hour
type: Pressure or stress rate
abbreviation: P / hr
conversion multiplier: 0.000277777778
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area Time
symbol: P / hr

Pascal per Minute
type: Pressure or stress rate
abbreviation: P / min
conversion multiplier: 0.0166666667
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area Time

Pascal per Second
type: Pressure or stress rate
abbreviation: P / s
conversion multiplier: 1.0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area Time
symbol: P / s

Pascal Second
type: Derived Unit
type: Dynamic Viscosity Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: Pa-s
code: 1330
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dynamic Viscosity
symbol: Pa-s

Pataca
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MOP
code: 446
currency exponent: 1
description: Macau Special Administrative Region
quantity kind: Currency

Pebi
type: Binary Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 125899906842624
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: Pi

US Peck
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: pk
code: 1335
conversion multiplier: 0.00880976754
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dry Volume
symbol: pk

Penny Weight
type: Mass Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: dwt
code: 1340
conversion multiplier: 0.00155517384
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: dwt

Per Cubic Meter
type: Space And Time Unit
abbreviation: /m^3
code: 1091
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Inverse Volume
symbol: m^-3

Per Meter Unit
type: Space And Time Unit
abbreviation: /m
code: 1091
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Inverse Length
symbol: m^-1

Per Meter Kelvin Unit
type: Thermodynamics Unit
abbreviation: m^-1 K^-1
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Inverse Length Temperature
symbol: m^-1 K^-1

Per Mole Unit
type: Inverse Amount Of Substance Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: mol^-1
conversion multiplier: 1.0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Inverse Amount of Substance
symbol: mol^-1

Inverse Second
type: Derived Unit
type: Frequency Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: s^-1
code: 0875
conversion multiplier: 1.0
conversion offset: 0.0
exact match: Hertz
quantity kind: Frequency
symbol: s^-1

Per Square Giga Electron Volt Unit
type: Mechanics Unit
abbreviation: GeV^-2
conversion multiplier: 3.89564405E19
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Inverse Square Energy
symbol: GeV^-2

Per Tesla Meter Unit
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
abbreviation: m^-1 T^-1
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length per Unit Magnetic Flux
symbol: m^-1 T^-1

Per Tesla Second Unit
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
abbreviation: s^-1 T^-1
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge per Mass
symbol: s^-1 T^-1

Percent
type: Counting Unit
abbreviation: %
code: 1345
quantity kind: Dimensionless Ratio
symbol: %

Person
type: Human Unit
abbreviation: person
code: 1350
symbol: person

Peta
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E15
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: P

Philippine Peso
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: PHP
code: 608
currency exponent: 2
description: Philippines
quantity kind: Currency

Phot
type: Illuminance Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ph
code: 1355
conversion multiplier: 1.0E4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Luminous Flux per Area
symbol: ph

Pica
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: Pm
code: 1360
quantity kind: Length
symbol: Pm

Pico
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-12
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: p

Picofarad
type: Capacitance Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Unit
abbreviation: pF
code: 2665
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-12
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Capacitance
symbol: pF

Imperial Pint
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: pi
code: 1365
conversion multiplier: 5.6826125E-3
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume
symbol: pi

Planck Area
type: Area Unit
conversion multiplier: 2.61223E-70
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area

Planck Charge
type: Electric Charge Unit
abbreviation: Q_p
conversion multiplier: 1.875545870E-18
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge
symbol: Q_p

Planck Current
type: Electric Current Unit
conversion multiplier: 3.4789E25
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Current

Planck Current Density
type: Electric Current Density Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.331774E95
conversion offset: 0
quantity kind: Electric Current Density

Planck Density
type: Mass Per Volume Unit
conversion multiplier: 5.15500E96
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Density

Planck Energy
type: Energy And Work Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.9561E9
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work

Planck Force
type: Force Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.21027E44
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force

Planck Frequency
type: Frequency Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.85487E43
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Frequency

Planck Length
type: Length Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.616252E-35
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: l_P

Planck Mass
type: Mass Unit
conversion multiplier: 2.17644E-8
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: m_P

Planck Momentum
type: Linear Momentum Unit
conversion multiplier: 6.52485
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Linear Momentum

Planck Power
type: Power Unit
conversion multiplier: 3.62831E52
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power

Planck Pressure
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
conversion multiplier: 4.63309E113
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area

Planck Resistance
type: Resistance Unit
conversion multiplier: 29.9792458
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Resistance

Planck Temperature
type: Temperature Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.416785E32
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Temperature
symbol: Θ_P

Planck Time
type: Time Unit
conversion multiplier: 5.39124E-44
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Time
symbol: t_P

Planck Volt
type: Energy per Electric Charge Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.04295E27
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy per Electric Charge

Planck Volume
type: Volume Unit
conversion multiplier: 4.22419E-105
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume

Platinum (one Troy ounce)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: XPT
code: 962
quantity kind: Currency

Point
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: pt
code: 1380
conversion multiplier: 2.54E-5
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: pt

Poise
type: Dynamic Viscosity Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: P
code: 1385
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dynamic Viscosity
symbol: P

Pound Degree Fahrenheit
type: Derived Unit
type: Mass Temperature Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lb-degF
code: 1405
quantity kind: Mass Temperature
symbol: lb-degF

Pound Degree Rankine
type: Derived Unit
type: Mass Temperature Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lb-degR
code: 1410
quantity kind: Mass Temperature
symbol: lb-degR

Pound Force
type: Force Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lbf
code: 1415
conversion multiplier: 4.448222
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force
symbol: lbf

Pound Force Foot
type: Bending Moment Or Torque Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lbf-ft
code: 1420
conversion multiplier: 1.35581807
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Torque
symbol: lbf-ft

Pound Force Inch
type: Bending Moment Or Torque Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lbf-in
code: 1425
conversion multiplier: 0.112984839
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Torque
symbol: lbf-in

Pound Force per Foot
type: Force Per Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lbf/ft
code: 1430
conversion multiplier: 14.5939042
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force per Unit Length
symbol: lbf/ft

Pound Force per Inch
type: Force Per Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lbf/in
code: 1435
conversion multiplier: 175.12685
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force per Unit Length
symbol: lbf/in

Pound Force per Pound
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thrust To Mass Ratio Unit
abbreviation: lbf/lb
code: 1440
conversion multiplier: 9.80665085
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Thrust to Mass Ratio
symbol: lbf/lb

Pound Force per Square Foot
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: lbf/ft^2
code: 1445
conversion multiplier: 47.8802631
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: lbf/ft^2

Pound Force per Square Inch
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: psi
code: 1450
conversion multiplier: 6894.75789
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: psi

Pound Force per Square Inch Second
type: Pressure or stress rate
abbreviation: lbf / in^2-s
conversion multiplier: 6894.75789
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area Time
symbol: lbf / in^2-s

Pound Force Second per Square Foot
type: Dynamic Viscosity Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lbf-s/ft^2
code: 1455
conversion multiplier: 47.8802631
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dynamic Viscosity
symbol: lbf-s/ft^2

Pound Force Second per Square Inch
type: Dynamic Viscosity Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lbf-s/in^2
code: 1460
conversion multiplier: 6894.75789
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dynamic Viscosity
symbol: lbf-s/in^2

Pound Mass
type: Mass Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lbm
code: 1400
conversion multiplier: 0.45359237
conversion offset: 0.0
description: A pound of mass, based on the international standard definition of the pound as exactly 0.45359237 kg.
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: lbm

Pound Mole
type: Derived Unit
type: Mass Amount Of Substance Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lb-mol
code: 1465
conversion multiplier: 0.45359237e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass Amount of Substance
symbol: lb-mol

Pound Mole Degree Fahrenheit
type: Derived Unit
type: Mass Amount Of Substance Temperature Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermodynamics Unit
abbreviation: lb-mol-degF
code: 1470
quantity kind: Mass Amount of Substance Temperature
symbol: lb-mol-degF

Pound per Cubic Foot
type: Mass Per Volume Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lb/ft^3
code: 1475
conversion multiplier: 16.018463373960138e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Density
symbol: lb/ft^3

Pound per Cubic Inch
type: Mass Per Volume Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lb/in^3
code: 1480
conversion multiplier: 27679.904710203125e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Density
symbol: lb/in^3

Pound per Cubic Meter
type: Mass Per Volume Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lb/m^3
conversion multiplier: 0.45359237
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Density
symbol: lbm/m^3

Pound per Cubic Yard
type: Mass Per Volume Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lb/yd^3
code: 1485
conversion multiplier: 0.5932764212577829e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Density
symbol: lb/yd^3

Pound per Foot
type: Mass Per Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lb/ft
code: 1490
conversion multiplier: 1.4881639435695537e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Length
symbol: lb/ft

Pound per Foot Hour
type: Dynamic Viscosity Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lb/(ft-hr)
code: 1495
conversion multiplier: 4.133788732137649E-4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dynamic Viscosity
symbol: lb/(ft-hr)

Pound per Foot Second
type: Dynamic Viscosity Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lb/(ft-s)
code: 1500
conversion multiplier: 1.4881639435695537e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dynamic Viscosity
symbol: lb/(ft-s)

Pound per Gallon
type: Mass Per Volume Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lb/gal
code: 1505
conversion multiplier: 99.7763727
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Density
symbol: lb/gal

Pound per Hour
type: Mass Per Time Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lb/hr
code: 1510
conversion multiplier: 1.2599788055555556E-4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Time
symbol: lb/hr

Pound per Inch
type: Mass Per Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lb/in
code: 1515
conversion multiplier: 17.857967322834646e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Length
symbol: lb/in

Pound per Minute
type: Mass Per Time Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lb/min
code: 1520
conversion multiplier: 0.007559872833333333e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Time
symbol: lb/min

Pound per Square Foot
type: Mass Per Area Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lb/ft^2
code: 1525
conversion multiplier: 4.88242763638305e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Area
symbol: lb/ft^2

Pound Sterling
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: GBP
code: 826
currency exponent: 2
description: United Kingdom
quantity kind: Currency

Pound Troy
type: Mass Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: lbm
code: 1530
conversion multiplier: 0.3732417216
conversion offset: 0.0
description: An obsolete unit of mass; the Troy Pound has been defined as exactly 5760 grains, or 0.3732417216 kg. A Troy Ounce is 1/12th of a Troy Pound.
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: lbm

Poundal
type: Force Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: pdl
code: 1390
conversion multiplier: 0.138254954376
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force
symbol: pdl

Poundal per Square Foot
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: pdl/ft^2
code: 1395
conversion multiplier: 1.48816443
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: pdl/ft^2

Pula
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: BWP
code: 072
currency exponent: 2
description: Botswana
quantity kind: Currency

Qatari Rial
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: QAR
code: 634
currency exponent: 2
description: Qatar
quantity kind: Currency

Quad
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: quad
code: 1535
conversion multiplier: 1.055E18
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
symbol: quad

Quartic Coulomb Meter per Cubic Energy
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
abbreviation: C^4 m^4 J^-3
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 1
quantity kind: Quartic Electric Dipole Moment per Cubic Energy
symbol: C^4 m^4 J^-3

Quetzal
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: GTQ
code: 320
currency exponent: 2
description: Guatemala
quantity kind: Currency

Rad
type: Absorbed Dose Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: rad
code: 1550
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-2
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Absorbed Dose
symbol: rad

Radian
type: Angle unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: rad
code: 1555
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
description: The radian is the standard unit of angular measure, used in many areas of mathematics. It describes the plane angle subtended by a circular arc as the length of the arc divided by the radius of the arc. The unit was formerly a SI supplementary unit, but this category was abolished in 1995 and the radian is now considered a SI derived unit. The SI unit of solid angle measurement is the steradian. The radian is represented by the symbol "rad" or, more rarely, by the superscript c (for "circular measure"). For example, an angle of 1.2 radians would be written as "1.2 rad" or "1.2c" (the second symbol is often mistaken for a degree: "1.2°"). As the ratio of two lengths, the radian is a "pure number" that needs no unit symbol, and in mathematical writing the symbol "rad" is almost always omitted. In the absence of any symbol radians are assumed, and when degrees are meant the symbol ° is used. [Wikipedia]
literal: radian
quantity kind: Plane Angle
symbol: rad
UNECE common code: C81

Radian per Hour
type: Angular Velocity Unit
abbreviation: rad/h
conversion multiplier: 3600.0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Angular Velocity
symbol: rad/h

Radian per second
type: Angular Velocity Unit
abbreviation: rad/m
conversion multiplier: 60.0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Angular Velocity
symbol: rad/m

Radian per Second
type: Angular Velocity Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: rad/s
code: 1560
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Angular Velocity
symbol: rad/s

Radian per Second Squared
type: Angular Acceleration Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: rad/s^2
code: 1565
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Angular Acceleration
symbol: rad/s^2

Register Ton
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: RT
code: 1835
conversion multiplier: 2.8316846592
conversion offset: 0.0
description: The register ton is a unit of volume used for the cargo capacity of a ship, defined as 100 cubic feet (roughly 2.83 cubic metres).
quantity kind: Volume
symbol: RT

Relative Permeability
type: Permeability Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.25663706E-6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Permeability
symbol: μr

Relative Permittivity
type: Permittivity Unit
conversion multiplier: 8.854187817E-12
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Permittivity
symbol: εr

Rem
type: Dose Equivalent Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: rem
code: 1570
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-2
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dose Equivalent
symbol: rem

Revolution
type: Plane Angle Unit
type: Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: rev
code: 1575
conversion multiplier: 6.28318531
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Plane Angle
symbol: rev

Revolution per Hour
type: Angular Velocity Unit
type: Non SI Unit
abbreviation: rev/h
conversion multiplier: 0.00174532925
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Angular Velocity
symbol: rev/h

Revolution per Minute
type: Angular Velocity Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: rev/min
code: 1580
conversion multiplier: 0.104719755
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Angular Velocity
symbol: rev/min

Revolution per Second
type: Angular Velocity Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: rev/s
code: 1585
conversion multiplier: 6.28318531
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Angular Velocity
symbol: rev/s

Revolution per Second Squared
type: Angular Acceleration Unit
conversion multiplier: 6.28318531
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Angular Acceleration

Riel
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: KHR
code: 116
currency exponent: 0
description: Cambodia
quantity kind: Currency

Rod
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: rd
code: 1590
conversion multiplier: 5.029210
conversion offset: 0.0
description: A unit of distance equal to 5.5 yards (16 feet 6 inches).
literal: rod
quantity kind: Length
symbol: rd
UNECE common code: F49

Roentgen
type: Exposure Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: R
code: 1595
conversion multiplier: 2.58E-4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Exposure
symbol: R

Romanian New Leu
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: RON
code: 946
currency exponent: 2
description: Romania
quantity kind: Currency

Rufiyaa
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MVR
code: 462
currency exponent: 2
description: Maldives
quantity kind: Currency

Rupiah
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: IDR
code: 360
currency exponent: 0
description: Indonesia
quantity kind: Currency

Russian Ruble
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: RUB
code: 643
currency exponent: 2
description: Russia, Abkhazia, South Ossetia
quantity kind: Currency

Rwanda Franc
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: RWF
code: 646
currency exponent: 0
description: Rwanda
quantity kind: Currency

Saint Helena Pound
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: SHP
code: 654
currency exponent: 2
description: Saint Helena
quantity kind: Currency

Samoan Tala
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: WST
code: 882
currency exponent: 2
description: Samoa
quantity kind: Currency

Sample per second
type: Counting Unit
description: The number of discrete samples of some thing per second.
literal: sps
quantity kind: Frequency

Saudi Riyal
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: SAR
code: 682
currency exponent: 2
description: Saudi Arabia
quantity kind: Currency

Second Angle
type: Angle unit
type: Used With SI Unit
conversion multiplier: 4.848137E-6
conversion offset: 0.0
literal: second [unit of angle]
symbol: "
UNECE common code: D62

Second Square Foot
type: Derived Unit
type: Time Area Unit
abbreviation: s-ft^2
code: 1605
conversion multiplier: 0.09290304
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area Time
symbol: s-ft^2

Second
type: SI Base Unit
type: Time Unit
abbreviation: s
code: 1615
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Time
symbol: s

Second Time Squared
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Time Squared Unit
abbreviation: s^2
code: 1620
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Time Squared
symbol: s^2

Serbian Dinar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: RSD
code: 941
currency exponent: 2
description: Serbia
quantity kind: Currency

Seychelles Rupee
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: SCR
code: 690
currency exponent: 2
description: Seychelles
quantity kind: Currency

Shake
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Time Unit
abbreviation: Sh
code: 1625
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-8
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Time
symbol: Sh

Siemens
type: Conductance Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: S
code: 1630
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Conductivity
symbol: S

Sievert
type: Derived Unit
type: Dose Equivalent Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: Sv
code: 1635
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
description: Although the sievert has the same dimensions as the gray (i.e. joules per kilogram), it measures a different quantity. To avoid any risk of confusion between the absorbed dose and the equivalent dose, the corresponding special units, namely the gray instead of the joule per kilogram for absorbed dose and the sievert instead of the joule per kilogram for the dose equivalent, should be used.
quantity kind: Dose Equivalent
symbol: Sv

Silver (one Troy ounce)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: XAG
code: 961
quantity kind: Currency

Singapore Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: SGD
code: 702
currency exponent: 2
description: Singapore
quantity kind: Currency

Slovak Koruna
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: SKK
description: Slovakia
quantity kind: Currency

Slug
type: Mass Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: slug
code: 1640
conversion multiplier: 14.593903
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: slug

Slug per Cubic Foot
type: Mass Per Volume Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: slug/ft^3
code: 1645
conversion multiplier: 515.3788206107324e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Density
symbol: slug/ft^3

Slug per Foot
type: Mass Per Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: slug/ft
code: 1650
conversion multiplier: 47.8802591863517e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Length
symbol: slug/ft

Slug per Foot Second
type: Dynamic Viscosity Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: slug/(ft-s)
code: 1655
conversion multiplier: 47.8802591863517e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dynamic Viscosity
symbol: slug/(ft-s)

Slug per Second
type: Mass Per Time Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: slug/s
code: 1660
conversion multiplier: 14.593903e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Time
symbol: slug/s

Slug per Square Foot
type: Mass Per Area Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: slug/ft^2
code: 1665
conversion multiplier: 157.08746452215124e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Area
symbol: slug/ft^2

Solomon Islands Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: SBD
code: 090
currency exponent: 2
description: Solomon Islands
quantity kind: Currency

Som
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: KGS
code: 417
currency exponent: 2
description: Kyrgyzstan
quantity kind: Currency

Somali Shilling
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: SOS
code: 706
currency exponent: 2
description: Somalia
quantity kind: Currency

Somoni
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: TJS
code: 972
currency exponent: 2
description: Tajikistan
quantity kind: Currency

South African Rand
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: ZAR
code: 710
currency exponent: 2
description: South Africa
quantity kind: Currency

South Korean Won
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: KRW
code: 410
currency exponent: 0
description: South Korea
quantity kind: Currency

Special Drawing Rights
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: XDR
code: 960
description: International Monetary Fund
quantity kind: Currency

Square Centimeter
type: Area Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Unit
abbreviation: cm^2
code: 2038
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area
symbol: cm^2

Square Centimeter Minute
type: Derived Unit
type: Time Area Unit
abbreviation: cm^2-m
code: 2042
conversion multiplier: 0.0060e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area Time
symbol: cm^2-m

Square Centimeter Second
type: Derived Unit
type: Time Area Unit
code: 2024
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area Time
symbol: cm^2-s

Square Coulomb Meter per Joule
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
abbreviation: C^2 m^2 J^-1
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Polarizability
symbol: C^2 m^2 J^-1

Square degree
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Solid Angle Unit
abbreviation: deg^2
conversion multiplier: 0.00030461742
conversion offset: 0
quantity kind: Solid Angle
symbol: deg^2

Square Foot
type: Area Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ft^2
code: 1670
conversion multiplier: 0.09290304
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area
symbol: ft^2

Square Foot Degree Fahrenheit
type: Area Temperature Unit
type: Derived Unit
abbreviation: ft^2-degF
code: 1675
quantity kind: Area Temperature
symbol: ft^2-degF

Square Foot Hour Degree Fahrenheit
type: Area Time Temperature Unit
type: Derived Unit
abbreviation: ft^2-hr-degF
code: 0845
quantity kind: Area Time Temperature
symbol: ft^2-hr-degF

Square Foot Hour Degree Fahrenheit per BTU
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Insulance Unit
abbreviation: (degF-hr-ft^2)/Btu
code: 0540
quantity kind: Thermal Insulance
symbol: (degF-hr-ft^2)/Btu

Square Foot per BTU Inch
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Resistivity Unit
abbreviation: ft^2/(Btu-in)
code: 1680
conversion multiplier: 0.00346673589
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Thermal Resistivity
symbol: ft^2/(Btu-in)

Square Foot per Hour
type: Derived Unit
type: Kinematic Viscosity Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Diffusivity Unit
abbreviation: ft^2/hr
code: 1690
conversion multiplier: 2.58064E-5
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Kinematic Viscosity
quantity kind: Thermal Diffusivity
symbol: ft^2/hr

Square Foot per Second
type: Kinematic Viscosity Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ft^2/s
code: 1695
conversion multiplier: 0.09290304e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Kinematic Viscosity
symbol: ft^2/s

Square Foot Second Degree Fahrenheit
type: Area Time Temperature Unit
type: Derived Unit
abbreviation: ft^2-s-degF
code: 1610
quantity kind: Area Time Temperature
symbol: ft^2-s-degF

Square Inch
type: Area Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: in^2
code: 1700
conversion multiplier: 6.4516E-4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area
symbol: in^2

Square Meter
type: Area Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: m^2
code: 1705
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area
symbol: m^2

Square Meter Kelvin
type: Area Temperature Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Space And Time Unit
abbreviation: m^2-K
code: 1710
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area Temperature
symbol: m^2-K

Square Meter Kelvin per Watt
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Thermal Insulance Unit
abbreviation: (K^2)m/W
code: 0955
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Thermal Insulance
symbol: (K^2)m/W

Square Meter per Kelvin
type: Area Thermal Expansion Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
code: 2048
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area Thermal Expansion
symbol: m^2/K

Square Meter per Second
type: Derived Unit
type: Kinematic Viscosity Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Thermal Diffusivity Unit
abbreviation: m^2 s^-1
code: 1720
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area per Time
symbol: m^2 s^-1

Square Meter Steradian
type: Area Angle Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: m^2-sr
code: 1725
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area Angle
symbol: m^2-sr

Square Mile
type: Area Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: mi^2
code: 1730
conversion multiplier: 2589988.11
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area
symbol: mi^2

Square Yard
type: Area Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: yd^2
code: 1735
conversion multiplier: 0.83612736e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Area
symbol: yd^2

Sri Lanka Rupee
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: LKR
code: 144
currency exponent: 2
description: Sri Lanka
quantity kind: Currency

Statampere
type: Electric Current Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: statA
code: 1740
conversion multiplier: 3.335641E-10
conversion offset: 0.0
exact match: Biot
quantity kind: Electric Current
symbol: statA

Statampere per Square Centimeter
type: Electric Current Density Unit
abbreviation: statA / cm^2
conversion multiplier: 3.335641E-6
conversion offset: 0
quantity kind: Electric Current Density

Statcoulomb
type: Electric Charge Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: statC
code: 1745
conversion multiplier: 3.33564E-10
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge
symbol: statC

Statcoulomb per Mole
type: Electric Charge Per Amount Of Substance Unit
abbreviation: statC/mol
conversion multiplier: 3.33564E-10
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge per Amount of Substance
symbol: statC/mol

Statcoulomb per Square Centimeter
type: Electric Charge Area Density Unit
conversion multiplier: 3.33564E-6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Charge per Unit Area
symbol: statC/cm^2

Statfarad
type: Capacitance Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: statF
code: 1750
conversion multiplier: 1.113E-12
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Capacitance
symbol: statF

Stathenry
type: Inductance Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: statH
code: 1755
conversion multiplier: 8.9876E11
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Inductance
symbol: statH

Stathenry per Centimeter
type: Permeability Unit
conversion multiplier: 8.9876E13
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Permeability
symbol: statH/cm

Statmho
type: Conductance Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: statS
code: 1760
quantity kind: Electric Conductivity
symbol: statS

Statohm
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Resistance Unit
abbreviation: statOhm
code: 1765
conversion multiplier: 8.9876E11
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Resistance
symbol: statOhm

Statvolt
type: Energy per Electric Charge Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: statV
code: 1770
conversion multiplier: 2.99792458E2
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy per Electric Charge
symbol: statV

Statvolt Centimeter
type: Electric Flux Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: statV cm
conversion multiplier: 2.99792458
conversion offset: 0
quantity kind: Electric Flux
symbol: statV cm

Statvolt per Centimeter
type: Electric Field Strength Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
conversion multiplier: 2.99792458E4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Field
symbol: statV/cm

Steradian
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Solid Angle Unit
abbreviation: sr
code: 1775
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
description: The steradian (symbol: sr) is the SI unit of solid angle. It is used to describe two-dimensional angular spans in three-dimensional space, analogous to the way in which the radian describes angles in a plane.
quantity kind: Solid Angle
symbol: sr
UNECE common code: D27

Stere
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: st
code: 1780
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume
symbol: st

Stilb
type: Luminance Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: sb
code: 1785
conversion multiplier: 10000.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Luminance
symbol: sb

Stokes
type: Kinematic Viscosity Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: St
code: 1790
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Kinematic Viscosity
symbol: St

Sudanese Pound
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: SDG
code: 938
currency exponent: 2
description: Sudan
quantity kind: Currency

Surinam Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: SRD
code: 968
currency exponent: 2
description: Suriname
quantity kind: Currency

Swedish Krona
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: SEK
code: 752
currency exponent: 2
description: Sweden
quantity kind: Currency

Swiss Franc
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: CHF
code: 756
currency exponent: 2
description: Switzerland, Liechtenstein
quantity kind: Currency

Syrian Pound
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: SYP
code: 760
currency exponent: 2
description: Syria
quantity kind: Currency

Atomic System of Units
type: System of natural units
description: Atomic units (au or a.u.) form a system of natural units which is especially convenient for atomic physics calculations. There are two different kinds of atomic units, which one might name Hartree atomic units[1] and Rydberg atomic units, which differ in the choice of the unit of mass and charge. [Wikipedia]

CGS System of Units
type: System of Units
abbreviation: CGS
allowed unit: Kilogram
allowed unit: Kilometer
allowed unit: Meter
allowed unit: Square Meter
base unit: Centimeter
base unit: Gram
base unit: Second
base unit: Unitless
derived unit: Centimeter per Second
derived unit: Centimeter per Second Squared
derived unit: Cubic Centimeter
derived unit: Dyne
derived unit: Dyne Centimeter
derived unit: Dyne per Square Centimeter
derived unit: Erg
derived unit: Erg per Cubic Centimeter
derived unit: Erg per Gram
derived unit: Erg per Second
derived unit: Erg per Square Centimeter Second
derived unit: Erg Second
derived unit: Inverse Second
derived unit: Poise
derived unit: Square Centimeter
derived unit: Square Centimeter Second

CGS-EMU System of Units
type: System of Units
abbreviation: CGS-EMU
allowed unit: Ampere
allowed unit: Kilogram
allowed unit: Kilometer
allowed unit: Meter
base unit: Centimeter
base unit: Gram
base unit: Second
base unit: Unitless
derived unit: Abampere
derived unit: Abampere per Square Centimeter
derived unit: Abcoulomb
derived unit: Abcoulomb per Square Centimeter
derived unit: Abfarad
derived unit: Abfarad per Centimeter
derived unit: Abhenry
derived unit: Abohm
derived unit: Absiemen
derived unit: Abtesla
derived unit: Abvolt
derived unit: Abvolt Centimeter
derived unit: Abvolt per centimeter
derived unit: Abvolt Second
derived unit: Gilbert
derived unit: Relative Permeability

CGS-ESU System of Units
type: System of Units
description: The electrostatic system of units is a system of units used to measure electrical quantities of electric charge, current, and voltage, within the centimeter gram second (or "CGS") metric system of units. In electrostatic units, electrical charge is defined via the force it exerts on other charges.
abbreviation: CGS-ESU
allowed unit: Ampere
allowed unit: Ampere per Meter
allowed unit: Coulomb
allowed unit: Coulomb per Square Meter
allowed unit: Farad
allowed unit: Kilogram
allowed unit: Kilometer
allowed unit: Meter
allowed unit: Tesla
allowed unit: Volt
allowed unit: Weber
base unit: Centimeter
base unit: Gram
base unit: Second
base unit: Unitless
derived unit: Gauss
derived unit: Maxwell
derived unit: Oersted
derived unit: Oersted Centimeter
derived unit: Relative Permittivity
derived unit: Statampere
derived unit: Statampere per Square Centimeter
derived unit: Statcoulomb
derived unit: Statcoulomb per Square Centimeter
derived unit: Statfarad
derived unit: Stathenry
derived unit: Stathenry per Centimeter
derived unit: Statohm
derived unit: Statvolt
derived unit: Statvolt Centimeter
derived unit: Statvolt per Centimeter

CGS-Gauss System of Units
type: System of Units
abbreviation: Gauss

ISO 4217 Currencies
type: System of Units
abbreviation: ISO4217
defined unit: Afghani
defined unit: Algerian Dinar
defined unit: Argentine Peso
defined unit: Armenian Dram
defined unit: Aruban Guilder
defined unit: Australian Dollar
defined unit: Azerbaijanian Manat
defined unit: Bahamian Dollar
defined unit: Bahraini Dinar
defined unit: Baht
defined unit: Balboa
defined unit: Bangladeshi Taka
defined unit: Barbados Dollar
defined unit: Belarussian Ruble
defined unit: Belize Dollar
defined unit: Bermuda Dollar
defined unit: Bolivian Mvdol (Funds code)
defined unit: Boliviano
defined unit: Brazilian Real
defined unit: Brunei Dollar
defined unit: Bulgarian Lev
defined unit: Burundian Franc
defined unit: CFA Franc BCEAO
defined unit: CFA Franc BEAC
defined unit: CFP franc
defined unit: Canadian Dollar
defined unit: Cape Verde Escudo
defined unit: Cayman Islands Dollar
defined unit: Cedi
defined unit: Chilean Peso
defined unit: Colombian Peso
defined unit: Comoro Franc
defined unit: Convertible Marks
defined unit: Cordoba Oro
defined unit: Costa Rican Colon
defined unit: Croatian Kuna
defined unit: Cuban Peso
defined unit: Cyprus Pound
defined unit: Czech Koruna
defined unit: Dalasi
defined unit: Danish Krone
defined unit: Denar
defined unit: Djibouti Franc
defined unit: Dobra
defined unit: Dominican Peso
defined unit: East Caribbean Dollar
defined unit: Egyptian Pound
defined unit: Ethiopian Birr
defined unit: Euro
defined unit: European Composite Unit (EURCO) (Bonds market unit)
defined unit: European Monetary Unit (E.M.U.-6) (Bonds market unit)
defined unit: European Unit of Account 17 (E.U.A.-17) (Bonds market unit)
defined unit: European Unit of Account 9 (E.U.A.-9) (Bonds market unit)
defined unit: Falkland Islands Pound
defined unit: Fiji Dollar
defined unit: Forint
defined unit: Franc Congolais
defined unit: Gibraltar pound
defined unit: Gold (one Troy ounce)
defined unit: Gold franc (special settlement currency)
defined unit: Guarani
defined unit: Guinea Franc
defined unit: Guyana Dollar
defined unit: Haiti Gourde
defined unit: Hong Kong Dollar
defined unit: Hryvnia
defined unit: Iceland Krona
defined unit: Indian Rupee
defined unit: Iranian Rial
defined unit: Iraqi Dinar
defined unit: Jamaican Dollar
defined unit: Japanese yen
defined unit: Jordanian Dinar
defined unit: Kenyan Shilling
defined unit: Kina
defined unit: Kroon
defined unit: Kuwaiti Dinar
defined unit: Kwanza

System of units_Imperial
type: System of Units
abbreviation: Imperial
defined unit: Acre
defined unit: Acre Foot
defined unit: Board Foot
defined unit: British Thermal Unit - International Steam Table
defined unit: BTU Foot
defined unit: BTU Foot per Square Foot Hour Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: BTU Inch
defined unit: BTU Inch per Square Foot Hour Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: BTU Inch per Square Foot Second Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: BTU per Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: BTU per Hour
defined unit: BTU per Hour Square Foot
defined unit: BTU per Pound
defined unit: BTU per Pound Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: BTU per Pound Mole Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: BTU per Second
defined unit: BTU per Second Square Foot
defined unit: BTU per Square Foot
defined unit: BTU per Square Foot Hour Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: BTU per Square Foot Second Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: Chain
defined unit: Cubic Foot
defined unit: Cubic Foot per Minute
defined unit: Cubic Foot per Second
defined unit: Cubic Inch
defined unit: Cubic Inch per Minute
defined unit: Cubic Mile
defined unit: Cubic Yard
defined unit: Cubic Yard per Minute
defined unit: Day
defined unit: Degree Angle
defined unit: Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: Degree Fahrenheit Hour
defined unit: Degree Fahrenheit Hour per BTU
defined unit: Degree per Hour
defined unit: Degree per Minute
defined unit: Degree per Second
defined unit: Degree per Second Squared
defined unit: Foot
defined unit: Foot per Hour
defined unit: Foot per Minute
defined unit: Foot per Second
defined unit: Foot per Second Squared
defined unit: Foot Pound Force
defined unit: Foot Pound Force per Hour
defined unit: Foot Pound Force per Minute
defined unit: Foot Pound Force per Second
defined unit: Foot Pound per Square Foot
defined unit: Foot Pound Force per Square Foot Second
defined unit: Foot Poundal
defined unit: Furlong
defined unit: Imperial Gallon
defined unit: Grain
defined unit: Grain per Gallon
defined unit: Horsepower
defined unit: Hour
defined unit: Hour Square Foot
defined unit: Inch
defined unit: Inch per Second
defined unit: Inch per Second Squared
defined unit: Microinch
defined unit: Mile - International Standard
defined unit: Mile per Hour
defined unit: Mile per Minute
defined unit: Millisecond
defined unit: Minute Time
defined unit: Ounce Force
defined unit: Ounce Force Inch
defined unit: Imperial Ounce
defined unit: Ounce Mass
defined unit: Ounce per Cubic Inch
defined unit: Ounce per Gallon
defined unit: Ounce per Square Foot
defined unit: Ounce per Square Yard
defined unit: Imperial Pint
defined unit: Pound Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: Pound Degree Rankine
defined unit: Pound Force

MKS System of Units
type: System of Units

Planck System of Units
type: System of natural units
type: System of Units
abbreviation: Planck
description: Planck units are unique among systems of natural units, because they are not defined in terms of properties of any prototype, physical object, or even elementary particle. [Wikipedia]
allowed unit: Ampere
allowed unit: Coulomb
allowed unit: Cubic Meter
allowed unit: Joule
allowed unit: Kelvin
allowed unit: Kilogram
allowed unit: Kilogram Meter Per Second
allowed unit: Kilogram per Cubic Meter
allowed unit: Meter
allowed unit: Newton
allowed unit: Ohm
allowed unit: Pascal
allowed unit: Second
allowed unit: Square Meter
allowed unit: Volt
allowed unit: Watt
base unit: Planck Charge
base unit: Planck Length
base unit: Planck Mass
base unit: Planck Temperature
base unit: Planck Time
base unit: Unitless
derived unit: Planck Area
derived unit: Planck Current
derived unit: Planck Current Density
derived unit: Planck Density
derived unit: Planck Energy
derived unit: Planck Force
derived unit: Planck Frequency
derived unit: Planck Momentum
derived unit: Planck Power
derived unit: Planck Pressure
derived unit: Planck Resistance
derived unit: Planck Volt
derived unit: Planck Volume

International System of Units
type: System of Units
abbreviation: SI
allowed unit: Ampere per Degree
allowed unit: Arc Minute
allowed unit: Arc Second
allowed unit: Cubic Centimeter
allowed unit: Cubic Meter per Hour
allowed unit: Day
allowed unit: Degree Angle
allowed unit: Degree Celsius
allowed unit: Degree per Hour
allowed unit: Degree per Second
allowed unit: Degree per Second Squared
allowed unit: Electron Volt
allowed unit: Femtometer
allowed unit: Gram
allowed unit: Hour
allowed unit: Kilopascal
allowed unit: Kilopascal Absolute
allowed unit: Kilogram per Hour
allowed unit: Kilometer
allowed unit: Liter
allowed unit: Metric Ton
allowed unit: Microfarad
allowed unit: Microhenry
allowed unit: Millihenry
allowed unit: Minute Time
allowed unit: Nanofarad
allowed unit: Picofarad
allowed unit: Radian per second
allowed unit: Revolution
allowed unit: Revolution per Hour
allowed unit: Revolution per Minute
allowed unit: Revolution per Second
allowed unit: Square Centimeter
allowed unit: Unified Atomic Mass Unit
base unit: Ampere
base unit: Candela
base unit: Kelvin
base unit: Kilogram
base unit: Meter
base unit: Mole
base unit: Second
base unit: Unitless
coherent derived unit: Ampere per Joule
coherent derived unit: Ampere per Meter
coherent derived unit: Ampere per Radian
coherent derived unit: Ampere per Square Meter
coherent derived unit: Ampere Turn
coherent derived unit: Ampere Turn per Meter
coherent derived unit: Becquerel
coherent derived unit: Candela per Square Meter
coherent derived unit: Coulomb
coherent derived unit: Coulomb Meter
coherent derived unit: Coulomb per Cubic Meter
coherent derived unit: Coulomb per Kilogram
coherent derived unit: Coulomb per Meter
coherent derived unit: Coulomb per Mole
coherent derived unit: Coulomb per Square Meter
coherent derived unit: Coulomb Square Meter
coherent derived unit: Cubic Coulomb Meter per Square Joule
coherent derived unit: Cubic Meter
coherent derived unit: Cubic Meter per Kelvin
coherent derived unit: Cubic Meter per Kilogram
coherent derived unit: Cubic Meter per Kilogram Second Squared
coherent derived unit: Cubic Meter per Mole
coherent derived unit: Cubic Meter per Second
coherent derived unit: Farad
coherent derived unit: Farad per Meter
coherent derived unit: Gray
coherent derived unit: Gray per Second
coherent derived unit: Henry
coherent derived unit: Henry per Meter
coherent derived unit: Hertz
coherent derived unit: Hertz per Kelvin
coherent derived unit: Hertz per Tesla
coherent derived unit: Hertz per Volt
coherent derived unit: Joule
coherent derived unit: Joule Meter per Mole
coherent derived unit: Joule per Cubic Meter

US Customary Unit System
type: System of Units
abbreviation: US Customary
defined unit: Acre
defined unit: Acre Foot
defined unit: Arc Minute
defined unit: Arc Second
defined unit: Barrel
defined unit: Board Foot
defined unit: British Thermal Unit - International Steam Table
defined unit: BTU Foot
defined unit: BTU Foot per Square Foot Hour Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: BTU Inch
defined unit: BTU Inch per Square Foot Hour Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: BTU Inch per Square Foot Second Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: BTU per Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: BTU per Hour
defined unit: BTU per Hour Square Foot
defined unit: BTU per Pound
defined unit: BTU per Pound Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: BTU per Second
defined unit: BTU per Second Square Foot
defined unit: BTU per Square Foot
defined unit: BTU per Square Foot Hour Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: BTU per Square Foot Second Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: Bushel
defined unit: Thermochemical Calorie
defined unit: Chain
defined unit: Cord
defined unit: Cubic Foot
defined unit: Cubic Foot per Minute
defined unit: Cubic Foot per Second
defined unit: Cubic Inch
defined unit: Cubic Inch per Minute
defined unit: Cubic Yard
defined unit: Cubic Yard per Minute
defined unit: Day
defined unit: Degree Angle
defined unit: Degree Fahrenheit
defined unit: Degree Fahrenheit Hour
defined unit: Degree Fahrenheit Hour per BTU
defined unit: Degree per Hour
defined unit: Degree per Minute
defined unit: Degree per Second
defined unit: Degree per Second Squared
defined unit: Dry Gallon US
defined unit: US Dry Pint
defined unit: US Dry Quart
defined unit: Fathom
defined unit: Foot
defined unit: Foot Lambert
defined unit: Foot per Hour
defined unit: Foot per Minute
defined unit: Foot per Second
defined unit: Foot per Second Squared
defined unit: Foot Pound Force
defined unit: Foot Pound Force per Hour
defined unit: Foot Pound Force per Minute
defined unit: Foot Pound Force per Second
defined unit: Foot Pound per Square Foot
defined unit: Foot Pound Force per Square Foot Second
defined unit: Foot Poundal
defined unit: US Survey Foot
defined unit: Furlong
defined unit: US Gallon
defined unit: US Gallon per Day
defined unit: US Gallon per Minute
defined unit: Grain
defined unit: Grain per Gallon
defined unit: Horsepower
defined unit: Hour
defined unit: Hour Square Foot
defined unit: Hundred Weight - Short
defined unit: Inch
defined unit: Inch per Second
defined unit: Inch per Second Squared
defined unit: Kilocalorie per Minute
defined unit: Kilocalorie per Second
defined unit: Knot
defined unit: Knot per Second
defined unit: US Liquid Cup

Tablespoon
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: tbsp
code: 1795
conversion multiplier: 1.47867656E-4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume
symbol: tbsp

Tanzanian Shilling
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: TZS
code: 834
currency exponent: 2
description: Tanzania
quantity kind: Currency

Teaspoon
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Volume Unit
abbreviation: tsp
code: 1800
conversion multiplier: 4.92892187E-5
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Volume
symbol: tsp

Tebi
type: Binary Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1099511627776
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: Ti

Tenge
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: KZT
code: 398
currency exponent: 2
description: Kazakhstan
quantity kind: Currency

Tera
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E12
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: T

Tesla
type: Derived Unit
type: Magnetic Flux Density Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: T
code: 1805
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Magnetic Field
symbol: T

Tesla Meter
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
abbreviation: m T
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Magnetic Flux per Unit Length
symbol: m T

Tesla Second
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
abbreviation: s T
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Electric Charge
symbol: s T

Tex
type: Derived Unit
type: Mass Per Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: tex
code: 1810
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-6
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Length
symbol: tex

Therm EC
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Energy Unit
abbreviation: therm (EC)
code: 1820
conversion multiplier: 105506000
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
quantity kind: Thermal Energy
symbol: therm (EC)

Therm US
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Thermal Energy Unit
abbreviation: therm (US)
code: 1830
conversion multiplier: 105480400
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
quantity kind: Thermal Energy
symbol: therm (US)

Ton Assay
type: Mass Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: AT
code: 1840
conversion multiplier: 0.032666667
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: AT

Ton Energy
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: t/lbf
code: 1845
conversion multiplier: 4.184E9
conversion offset: 0.0
description: Energy equivalent of one ton of TNT
quantity kind: Energy and Work
symbol: t/lbf

Ton - Long
type: Mass Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ton
code: 1850
conversion multiplier: 1016.0469088
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: ton

Ton Long per Cubic Yard
type: Mass Per Volume Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ton/yd^3
code: 1855
conversion multiplier: 1328.9391836174336e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Density
symbol: ton/yd^3

Ton metric
type: Not Used With SI Unit
exact match: Metric Ton

Ton of Oil Equivalent
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: toe
code: 1865
conversion multiplier: 4.1868E10
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
symbol: toe

Ton of Refrigeration
type: Heat Flow Rate Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: t/fg
code: 1870
conversion multiplier: 3517
conversion offset: 0.0
description: 12000 btu per hour
quantity kind: Heat Flow Rate
quantity kind: Power
symbol: t/fg

Ton - Short
type: Mass Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ton
code: 1880
conversion multiplier: 907.18474
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: ton

Ton Short per Cubic Yard
type: Mass Per Volume Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ton/yd
code: 1885
conversion multiplier: 1186.552842515566e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Density
symbol: ton/yd

Short Ton per Hour
type: Mass Per Time Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: ton/hr
code: 1875
conversion multiplier: 0.251995761
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass per Time
symbol: ton/hr

Torr
type: Non SI Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Pressure Or Stress Unit
abbreviation: torr
code: 1890
conversion multiplier: 133.322
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Force Per Area
symbol: torr

Trinidad and Tobago Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: TTD
code: 780
currency exponent: 2
description: Trinidad and Tobago
quantity kind: Currency

Tugrik
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: MNT
code: 496
currency exponent: 2
description: Mongolia
quantity kind: Currency

Tunisian Dinar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: TND
code: 788
currency exponent: 3
description: Tunisia
quantity kind: Currency

United Arab Emirates dirham
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: AED
code: 784
currency exponent: 2
description: United Arab Emirates
quantity kind: Currency

UIC franc (special settlement currency)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: XFU
description: International Union of Railways
quantity kind: Currency

US Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: USD
code: 0555
code: 840
currency exponent: 2
description: American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guam, Haiti, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Panama, Puerto Rico, East Timor, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States, Virgin Islands
quantity kind: Currency

United States Dollar (next day) (funds code)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: USN
code: 997
currency exponent: 2
description: United States
quantity kind: Currency

United States Dollar (same day) (funds code)
type: Currency Unit
code: 998
currency exponent: 2
description: United States
quantity kind: Currency

Uganda Shilling
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: UGX
code: 800
currency exponent: 0
description: Uganda
quantity kind: Currency

Unidad de Valor Real
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: COU
code: 970
currency exponent: 2
description: Colombia
quantity kind: Currency

Unidades de formento (Funds code)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: CLF
code: 990
currency exponent: 0
description: Chile
quantity kind: Currency

Unified Atomic Mass Unit
type: Mass Unit
type: Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: u
code: 1895
conversion multiplier: 9.10938215E-31
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Mass
symbol: u

Unit Pole
type: Magnetic Flux Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: U/nWb
code: 1900
conversion multiplier: 1.256637E-7
conversion offset: 0.0
description: A magnetic pole is a unit pole if it exerts a force of one dyne on another pole of equal strength at a distance of 1 cm. The strength of any given pole in cgs units is therefore numerically equal to the force in dynes which it exerts on a unit pole 1 cm away.
quantity kind: Magnetic Flux
symbol: U/nWb

Unitless
type: Dimensionless Unit
type: SI Base Unit
abbreviation: unitless
conversion multiplier: 1.0
conversion offset: 0.0
description: An explicit unit to say something has no units.
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: U

Peso Uruguayo
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: UYU
code: 858
currency exponent: 2
description: Uruguay
quantity kind: Currency

Uzbekistan Som
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: UZS
code: 860
currency exponent: 2
description: Uzbekistan
quantity kind: Currency

Vatu
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: VUV
code: 548
currency exponent: 0
description: Vanuatu
quantity kind: Currency

Venezuelan bol�var
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: VEB
code: 937
currency exponent: 2
description: Venezuela
quantity kind: Currency

Video Frame
type: Event Unit
code: 2022

Vietnamese ??ng
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: VND
code: 704
currency exponent: 0
description: Vietnam
quantity kind: Currency

Volt
type: Derived Unit
type: Energy per Electric Charge Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: V
code: 1905
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy per Electric Charge
symbol: V

Volt Meter
type: Electric Flux Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: m V
conversion multiplier: 1.0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Flux
symbol: m V

Volt per Meter
type: Derived Unit
type: Electric Field Strength Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: V/m
code: 1910
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Electric Field
symbol: V m^-1

Volt per second
type: Energy per Electric Charge Unit
abbreviation: V / sec
conversion multiplier: 1.0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power per Electric Charge
symbol: V / sec

Volt per Square Meter
type: Electricity And Magnetism Unit
abbreviation: V m^-2
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy per Area Electric Charge
symbol: V m^-2

WIR Euro (complementary currency)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: CHE
code: 947
currency exponent: 2
description: Switzerland
quantity kind: Currency

WIR Franc (complementary currency)
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: CHW
code: 948
currency exponent: 2
description: Switzerland
quantity kind: Currency

Watt
type: Derived Unit
type: Heat Flow Rate Unit
type: Power Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: W
code: 1920
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Heat Flow Rate
quantity kind: Power
symbol: W

Watt per Meter Kelvin
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
type: Thermal Conductivity Unit
abbreviation: W/(m*K)
code: 1930
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Thermal Conductivity
symbol: W/(m*K)

Watt per Square Centimeter
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Per Area Unit
abbreviation: W/cm^2
code: 1935
conversion multiplier: 1.0E4
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power per Area
symbol: W/cm^2

Watt per Square Foot
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Per Area Unit
abbreviation: W/ft^2
conversion multiplier: 10.7639104
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power per Area
symbol: W/ft^2

Watt per Square Inch
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Power Per Area Unit
abbreviation: W/in^2
code: 1940
conversion multiplier: 1550.0031
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power per Area
symbol: W/in^2

Watt per Square Meter
type: Power Per Area Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: W/m^2
code: 1950
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
description: Heat flux density, irradiance, power density
quantity kind: Power per Area
symbol: W/m^2

Watt per Square Meter Kelvin
type: Coefficient Of Heat Transfer Unit
type: Derived Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: W/(m^2-K)
code: 1955
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Coefficient of Heat Transfer
symbol: W/(m^2-K)

Watt per Square Meter Quartic Kelvin
type: Thermodynamics Unit
abbreviation: W m^-2 K^-4
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power per Area Quartic Temperature
symbol: W m^-2 K^-4

Watt per Square Meter Steradian
type: Radiance Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: W/(m^2-sr)
code: 1960
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
description: Radiance
quantity kind: Radiance
symbol: W/(m^2-sr)

Watt per Steradian
type: Radiant Intensity Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: W sr^-1
code: 1965
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0
quantity kind: Radiant Intensity

Watt Square Meter
type: Thermodynamics Unit
abbreviation: W m^2
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power Area
symbol: W m^2

Watt Square Meter per Steradian
type: Thermodynamics Unit
abbreviation: W m^2 sr^-1
conversion multiplier: 1
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Power Area per Solid Angle
symbol: W m^2 sr^-1

Watthour
type: Energy And Work Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: W-hr
code: 1925
conversion multiplier: 3600.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Energy and Work
symbol: W-hr

Weber
type: Derived Unit
type: Magnetic Flux Unit
type: SI Derived Unit
abbreviation: Wb
code: 1970
conversion multiplier: 1.0e0
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Magnetic Flux
symbol: Wb

Yard
type: Length Unit
type: Not Used With SI Unit
abbreviation: yd
code: 1975
conversion multiplier: 0.9144
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Length
symbol: yd

Year (365 Day)
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Time Unit
abbreviation: yr
code: 1980
conversion multiplier: 31536000
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Time
symbol: yr

Year Sidereal
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Time Unit
abbreviation: yr
code: 1985
conversion multiplier: 31558149.7632
conversion offset: 0.0
description: A sidereal year is the time taken for Sun to return to the same position with respect to the stars of the celestial sphere.
quantity kind: Time
symbol: yr

Year Tropical
type: Not Used With SI Unit
type: Time Unit
abbreviation: yr
code: 1990
quantity kind: Time
symbol: yr

Yemeni Rial
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: YER
code: 886
currency exponent: 0
description: Yemen
quantity kind: Currency

Yobi
type: Binary Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1208925819614629174706176
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: Yi

Yocto
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-24
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: y

Yotta
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E24
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: Y

Yuan Renminbi
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: CNY
code: 156
currency exponent: 1
description: Mainland China
quantity kind: Currency

Zambian Kwacha
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: ZMK
code: 894
currency exponent: 0
description: Zambia
quantity kind: Currency

Zebi
type: Binary Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1180591620717411303424
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: Zi

Zepto
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E-21
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: z

Zetta
type: Decimal Prefix Unit
conversion multiplier: 1.0E21
conversion offset: 0.0
quantity kind: Dimensionless
symbol: Z

Zimbabwe Dollar
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: ZWD
code: 932
currency exponent: 2
description: Zimbabwe
quantity kind: Currency

Zloty
type: Currency Unit
abbreviation: PLN
code: 985
currency exponent: 2
description: Poland
quantity kind: Currency

has catalog entry
type: ObjectProperty

has license type
type: ObjectProperty

with attribution to
type: ObjectProperty

Materials Property Ontology Schema
rights: distribution is unlimited; attribution would be appreciated
contributor: ASM International
creator: Clare Paul, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio
date: 2017-06-09T13:08:50
description: The lower-level schema ontologies for materials properties and qualities are contained in separate files and imported into this ontology. Note that a materials property are a kind of materials quality.
description: This is the base schema for the materials property ontology. It describes all the properties, the higher-level classes, and a handful of instances.
description: This materials property ontology is intended to be conformant with the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO).
description: This ontology is very much a working draft! {en-US}
language: en
version info: 0.7

A-basis statistic
type: MathematicalStatistic

B-basis statistic
type: MathematicalStatistic

MaterialsQuality
type: Class
comment: a quality of a portion of material
subclass of: quality

MaterialsSpecification
type: Class
comment: a collection of materials properties for a specific set of conditions (e.g. grain direction, temperature)
subclass of: member of

maximum statistical value
type: MathematicalStatistic

mean statistical value
type: MathematicalStatistic

high median statistical value
type: MathematicalStatistic

low median statistical value
type: MathematicalStatistic

median statistical value
type: MathematicalStatistic

minimum statistical value
type: MathematicalStatistic

mode statistical value
type: MathematicalStatistic

PortionOfMaterial
type: Class
comment: a portion of material
subclass of: material entity

S-basis statistic
type: MathematicalStatistic

Materials Property Condition Schema
rights: distribution is unlimited; attribution would be appreciated
creator: Clare Paul, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio
date: 2017-06-09T13:08:50
description: This ontology describes the classes for material property conditions.
language: en
version info: 0.7

computaton approach
type: Class
subclass of: MaterialsQuality

crack extension mode
type: Class
subclass of: MaterialsQuality

edge distance to hole diameter ratio
type: Class
subclass of: MaterialsQuality

grain direction
type: Class
comment: The grain direction isn't really a materials quality. It’s sort of an orientaion framework.
subclass of: MaterialsQuality
one of: Circumferential
one of: LongTransverse
one of: Longitudinal
one of: Radial
one of: ShortTransverse

grain direction relative to crack plane
type: Class
comment: The grain direction relative to a crack plane isn't really a materials quality. It’s sort of an orientaion framework.
subclass of: MaterialsQuality
one of: LongNormalTransverseParallel
one of: LongNormalShortParallel
one of: TransverseNormalLongParallel
one of: TransverseNormalShortParallel
one of: ShortNormalLongParallel
one of: ShortNormalTransverseParallel
one of: CircumferentialNormalRadialParallel
one of: CircumferentialNormalLongParallel
one of: RadialNormalCircumferentialParallel
one of: RadialNormalLongParallel
one of: LongNormalCircumferentialParallel
one of: LongNormalRadialParallel

maximum temperature of material
type: Class
subclass of: temperature of material

minimum temperature of material
type: Class
subclass of: temperature of material

reference electrical resistivity
type: Class
subclass of: MaterialsQuality

stress intensity range
type: Class
subclass of: MaterialsQuality

surrounding environment
type: Class
subclass of: MaterialsQuality

temperature of material
type: Class
subclass of: MaterialsQuality

two-dimension stress/strain state
type: Class
subclass of: MaterialsQuality

Materials Property Property Schema
rights: distribution is unlimited; attribution would be appreciated
contributor: ASM International
creator: Clare Paul, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio
date: 2017-06-09T13:08:50
description: This ontology describes the classes for material properties and reflects much of the orginizational structure found in ASM Ready Reference: Properties and Units for Engineering Alloys.
language: en
version info: 0.7

acoustic dissipation
type: Class
has associated unit: Unitless
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: DampingMaterialsProperty

AcousticImpedanceMaterialsProperty
type: Class
description: absorption of sound in a medium.
has associated unit: AcousticOhm
has physical dimension: L^-4MT^-1
subclass of: DampingMaterialsProperty

ultimate bearing strength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: BearingMaterialsProperty

bearing yield strength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: BearingMaterialsProperty

bending strength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: BendingMaterialsProperty

boiling point temperature
type: Class
has associated unit: Kelvin
has physical dimension: θ
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

brinell hardness
type: Class
has associated unit: Number
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: HardnessMaterialsProperty

chord modulus
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: ElasticMaterialsProperty

coefficient of heat transfer
type: Class
has associated unit: WattPerSquareMeterKelvin
has physical dimension: MT^-3θ^-1
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

linear expansion coefficient
type: Class
has associated unit: PerKelvin
has physical dimension: θ^-1
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

CoefficientOfVolumetricThermalExpansionMaterialsProperty
type: Class
has associated unit: PerKelvin
has physical dimension: θ^-1
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

coercivity
type: Class
has associated unit: AmperePerMeter
has physical dimension: L^-1I
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

compressibility
type: Class
has associated unit: PerPascal
has physical dimension: LM^-1T^2
subclass of: MassMaterialsProperty

compressive stength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: CompressiveMaterialsProperty

compressive yield strength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: CompressiveMaterialsProperty

corrosion potential
type: Class
has associated unit: Volt
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-3I^-1
subclass of: CorrosionMaterialsProperty

corrosion rate
type: Class
has associated unit: MeterPerYear
has physical dimension: LT^-1
subclass of: CorrosionMaterialsProperty

crack arrest toughness
type: Class
has associated unit: PascalSquareRootMeter
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: FractureMaterialsProperty

creep rupture ductility E
type: Class
has associated unit: Percent
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: CreepMaterialsProperty

creep rupture ductility R
type: Class
has associated unit: Percent
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: CreepMaterialsProperty

creep strength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: CreepMaterialsProperty

critical pitting potential
type: Class
has associated unit: Volt
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-3I^-1
subclass of: CorrosionMaterialsProperty

critical value of J integral
type: Class
has associated unit: JoulePerSquareMeter
has physical dimension: MT^-2
subclass of: FractureMaterialsProperty

curie temperature
type: Class
has associated unit: Kelvin
has physical dimension: θ
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

strain hardening exponent
type: Class
has associated unit: Unitless
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: FatigueMaterialsProperty

strength coefficient
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: FatigueMaterialsProperty

cylic yield strength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: FatigueMaterialsProperty

damping capacity
type: Class
has associated unit: LogarithmicDecrement
subclass of: DampingMaterialsProperty

damping factor
type: Class
description: Logarithimic decrement / 1 period of oscillation
has associated unit: PerSecond
has physical dimension: T^-1
subclass of: DampingMaterialsProperty

decomposition potential
type: Class
has associated unit: Volt
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-3I^-1
subclass of: CorrosionMaterialsProperty

diffusion frequency factor
type: Class
has associated unit: SquareMeterPerSecond
has physical dimension: L^2T^-1
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

ductile brittle transistion temperature
type: Class
has associated unit: Kelvin
has physical dimension: θ
subclass of: FractureMaterialsProperty

dynamic fracture toughness
type: Class
has associated unit: PascalSquareRootMeter
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: FractureMaterialsProperty

dynamic tear energy
type: Class
has associated unit: Joule
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-2
subclass of: FractureMaterialsProperty

dynamic viscosity
type: Class
has associated unit: PascalSecond
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-1
subclass of: MassMaterialsProperty

electrical conductance
type: Class
description: ability of a material to conduct electricity. Inversely related to electric resistance. G = 1/R
has associated unit: Siemens
has physical dimension: L^-2M^-1T^3I^2
subclass of: ElectricalMaterialsProperty

electric conductance
type: Class
description: ability of a material to conduct electricity.
has associated unit: SiemensPerMeter
has physical dimension: L^-3M^-1T^3I^2
subclass of: ElectricalMaterialsProperty

electric resistance
type: Class
has associated unit: Ohm
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-3I^-2
subclass of: ElectricalMaterialsProperty

electrical resistivity
type: Class
has associated unit: OhmMeter
has physical dimension: L^3MT^-3I^-2
subclass of: ElectricalMaterialsProperty

electrode potential
type: Class
has associated unit: Volt
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-3I^-1
subclass of: CorrosionMaterialsProperty

electrokinetic potential
type: Class
has associated unit: Volt
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-3I^-1
subclass of: CorrosionMaterialsProperty

electronic heat capacity
type: Class
has associated unit: JoulePerMoleKelvin
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-2θ^-1N^-1
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

latentheat of fusion
type: Class
has associated unit: JoulePerKilogram
has physical dimension: L^2T^-2
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

latent heat of evaporation
type: Class
has associated unit: JoulePerKilogram
has physical dimension: L^2T^-2
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

enthalpy of combustion
type: Class
has associated unit: JoulePerMole
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-2N^-1
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

equilibrium potential
type: Class
has associated unit: Volt
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-3I^-1
subclass of: CorrosionMaterialsProperty

fatgue life mech load cycles
type: Class
has associated unit: Number
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: FatigueMaterialsProperty

fatigue crack growth rate
type: Class
has associated unit: MeterPerCycle
has physical dimension: L
subclass of: FatigueMaterialsProperty

fatigue ductility exponent
type: Class
has associated unit: Unitless
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: FatigueMaterialsProperty

fatigue ductilty coefficient
type: Class
has associated unit: Unitless
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: FatigueMaterialsProperty

fatigue endurance ratio
type: Class
description: EnduranceLimit / TensileStrength
has associated unit: Percent
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: FatigueMaterialsProperty

fatigue life time
type: Class
has associated unit: Hour
has physical dimension: T
subclass of: FatigueMaterialsProperty

fatigue limit
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: FatigueMaterialsProperty

fatigue notch factor
type: Class
has associated unit: Percent
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: FatigueMaterialsProperty

fatigue notch sensitivity
type: Class
has associated unit: Unitless
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: FatigueMaterialsProperty

cyclic strength coefficient
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: FatigueMaterialsProperty

fatigue strength exponent
type: Class
has associated unit: Unitless
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: FatigueMaterialsProperty

fatigue strength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: FatigueMaterialsProperty

flow stress
type: Class
description: The true stress needed to create plastic deformation.
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: DeformationMaterialsProperty

fluidity
type: Class
has associated unit: Rhe
has physical dimension: LM^-1T
subclass of: MassMaterialsProperty

fracture appearance transition temperature
type: Class
has associated unit: Kelvin
has physical dimension: θ
subclass of: FractureMaterialsProperty

fracture ductility
type: Class
has associated unit: Unitless
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: FractureMaterialsProperty

fracture stress
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: FractureMaterialsProperty

fracture toughness
type: Class
has associated unit: PascalSquareRootMeter
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: FractureMaterialsProperty

glass transition temperature
type: Class
has associated unit: Kelvin
has physical dimension: θ
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

grain size
type: Class
subclass of: MicrostructureMaterialsProperty

hall coefficient
type: Class
description: Coefficient in the Hall Effect equation.
has associated unit: CubicMeterPerCoulomb
has physical dimension: L^3T^-1I^-1
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

heatcapacity
type: Class
has associated unit: JoulePerKelvin
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-2θ^-1
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

impact toughness
type: Class
has associated unit: Joule
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-2
subclass of: FractureMaterialsProperty

intrinsic magnetic induction
type: Class
has associated unit: Tesla
has physical dimension: MT^-2I^-1
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

kinematic viscosity
type: Class
has associated unit: SquareMeterPerSecond
has physical dimension: L^2T^-1
subclass of: MassMaterialsProperty

knoop hardness
type: Class
has associated unit: Number
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: HardnessMaterialsProperty

lattice parameter
type: Class
subclass of: MicrostructureMaterialsProperty

liquidus temperature
type: Class
has associated unit: Kelvin
has physical dimension: θ
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

magnetic core loss
type: Class
has associated unit: WattPerKilogram
has physical dimension: L^2T^-3
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

magnetic field strength at Bhmax
type: Class
has associated unit: AmperePerMeter
has physical dimension: L^-1I
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

magnetic field strength
type: Class
has associated unit: AmperePerMeter
has physical dimension: L^-1I
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

matnetic induction at Bhmax
type: Class
has associated unit: Tesla
has physical dimension: MT^-2I^-1
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

magnetic induction
type: Class
has associated unit: Tesla
has physical dimension: MT^-2I^-1
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

magnetic hysteresis loss
type: Class
has associated unit: JoulePerCubicMeter
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

magnetic peak inductance
type: Class
has associated unit: Tesla
has physical dimension: MT^-2I^-1
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

magnetic susceptibility
type: Class
has associated unit: Unitless
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

volume susceptibility
type: Class
has associated unit: JoulePerSquareTeslaCubicMeter
has physical dimension: L^-1M^-1T^2I^2
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

magnetic field requirement
type: Class
has associated unit: AmperePerMeter
has physical dimension: L^-1I
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

magnetoresistance coefficient
type: Class
has associated unit: SquareMeterPerAmpereSquared
has physical dimension: L^2I^-2
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

mass susceptibility
type: Class
has associated unit: CubicCentimeterPerGram
has physical dimension: L^3M^-1
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

melting point
type: Class
has associated unit: Kelvin
has physical dimension: θ
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

melting range
type: Class
has associated unit: Kelvin
has physical dimension: θ
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

bend radius
type: Class
has associated unit: Meter
has physical dimension: L
subclass of: FormingAndProcessingMaterialsProperty

secondary creep
type: Class
has associated unit: PercentPerHour
has physical dimension: T^-1
subclass of: CreepMaterialsProperty

modulus of compression
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: ElasticMaterialsProperty

modulus of rigidity
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: ElasticMaterialsProperty

molar susceptibility
type: Class
has associated unit: CubicCentimeterPerMole
has physical dimension: L^3N^-1
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

nil ductility transistion temperature
type: Class
has associated unit: Kelvin
has physical dimension: θ
subclass of: FractureMaterialsProperty

notch rupture strength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: CreepMaterialsProperty

notch tensile strength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: TensileMaterialsProperty

percent elongation at failure
type: Class
has associated unit: Percent
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: TensileMaterialsProperty

percent reduction of area at failure
type: Class
has associated unit: Percent
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: TensileMaterialsProperty

permeability
type: Class
has associated unit: HenryPerMeter
has physical dimension: LMT^-2I^-2
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

plane strain fracture toughness
type: Class
has associated unit: PascalSquareRootMeter
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: FractureMaterialsProperty

plane stress fracture toughness
type: Class
has associated unit: PascalSquareRootMeter
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: FractureMaterialsProperty

plastic strain ratio
type: Class
has associated unit: Percent
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: FormingAndProcessingMaterialsProperty

poisson number
type: Class
has associated unit: Unitless
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: ElasticMaterialsProperty

secondary creep
type: Class
has associated unit: MeterPerMeter
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: CreepMaterialsProperty

redox potential
type: Class
has associated unit: Volt
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-3I^-1
subclass of: CorrosionMaterialsProperty

relative electrical resistivity
type: Class
has associated unit: Percent
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: ElectricalMaterialsProperty

relative permeability
type: Class
has associated unit: Unitless
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

repassivation potential
type: Class
has associated unit: Volt
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-3I^-1
subclass of: CorrosionMaterialsProperty

magnetic residual induction
type: Class
has associated unit: Tesla
has physical dimension: MT^-2I^-1
subclass of: MagneticMaterialsProperty

rockwell hardness
type: Class
has associated unit: Number
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: HardnessMaterialsProperty

rupture life
type: Class
description: The time to rupture obtained from creep-rupture testing at constant stress and temperature (ASM).
has associated unit: Hour
has physical dimension: T
subclass of: CreepMaterialsProperty

stress corrosion cracking crack growth rate
type: Class
has associated unit: MeterPerSecond
has physical dimension: LT^-1
subclass of: FractureMaterialsProperty

stress corrosion cracking stress intensity threshold
type: Class
has associated unit: PascalSquareRootMeter
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: CorrosionMaterialsProperty

scleroscope hardness
type: Class
has associated unit: Number
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: HardnessMaterialsProperty

secant modulus
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: ElasticMaterialsProperty

secondary creep
type: Class
has associated unit: MeterPerMeter
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: CreepMaterialsProperty

service temperature maximum
type: Class
has associated unit: Kelvin
has physical dimension: θ
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

ultimate shear strength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: ShearMaterialsProperty

shear yield strength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: ShearMaterialsProperty

wave propagation velocity
type: Class
has associated unit: MeterPerSecond
has physical dimension: LT^-1
subclass of: DampingMaterialsProperty

SpecificAcousticImpedanceMaterialsProperty
type: Class
has associated unit: Rayl
has physical dimension: L^-2MT^-1
subclass of: DampingMaterialsProperty

specific heat capacity
type: Class
has associated unit: JoulePerKilogramKelvin
has physical dimension: L^2T^-2θ^-1
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

specific strength
type: Class
has associated unit: NewtonMeterPerKilogram
has physical dimension: L^2T^-2
subclass of: TensileMaterialsProperty

specific weight
type: Class
description: weight per unit volume
has associated unit: NewtonPerCubicMeter
has physical dimension: L^-2MT^-2
subclass of: MassMaterialsProperty

emittance
type: Class
has associated unit: Unitless
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

optical reflectance
type: Class
has associated unit: Unitless
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: SurfaceMaterialsProperty

standard electrode potential
type: Class
has associated unit: Volt
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-3I^-1
subclass of: CorrosionMaterialsProperty

tangent modulus
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: ElasticMaterialsProperty

modulus of elasticity
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: ElasticMaterialsProperty

tensile strain to failure
type: Class
has associated unit: Percent
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: DeformationMaterialsProperty

tensile ultimate strength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: TensileMaterialsProperty

tensile yield strength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: TensileMaterialsProperty

secondary creep
type: Class
has associated unit: MeterPerMeter
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: CreepMaterialsProperty

thermal coefficient of resistivity
type: Class
description: The change in resistivity as a function of temperature.
has associated unit: PerKelvin
has physical dimension: θ^-1
subclass of: ElectricalMaterialsProperty

thermal conductivity
type: Class
has associated unit: WattPerMeterKelvin
has physical dimension: LMT^-3θ^-1
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

thermal diffusivity
type: Class
has associated unit: SquareMeterPerSecond
has physical dimension: L^2T^-1
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

thermoelectric potential
type: Class
has associated unit: Volt
has physical dimension: L^2MT^-3I^-1
subclass of: ElectricalMaterialsProperty

torsional strength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: TorsionMaterialsProperty

vapor pressure
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: ThermalMaterialsProperty

velocity of sound
type: Class
has associated unit: MeterperSecond
has physical dimension: LT^-1
subclass of: MassMaterialsProperty

vickers hardness
type: Class
has associated unit: Number
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: HardnessMaterialsProperty

volume conductivity
type: Class
has associated unit: TBD
has physical dimension: T
subclass of: ElectricalMaterialsProperty

mass density
type: Class
has associated unit: KilogramPerCubicMeter
has physical dimension: L^-3M
subclass of: MassMaterialsProperty

weight basis conductivity
type: Class
has associated unit: SiemenSquareMeterPerGram
has physical dimension: M^-2T^3I^2
subclass of: ElectricalMaterialsProperty

weight resistivity
type: Class
has associated unit: OhmGramPerSquareMeter
has physical dimension: M^2T^-3I^-2
subclass of: ElectricalMaterialsProperty

weight gain
type: Class
has associated unit: GramPerSquareMeter
has physical dimension: L^-2M
subclass of: CorrosionMaterialsProperty

weight loss
type: Class
has associated unit: GramPerSquareMeter
has physical dimension: L^-2M
subclass of: CorrosionMaterialsProperty

yield point
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: TensileMaterialsProperty

yield strain
type: Class
has associated unit: Percent
has physical dimension: U
subclass of: DeformationMaterialsProperty

yield strength
type: Class
has associated unit: Pascal
has physical dimension: L^-1MT^-2
subclass of: TensileMaterialsProperty

Obsolete Class
type: Class
subclass of: Thing

shorthand
type: AnnotationProperty

Datatype Ontology
rights: The LinkedModel DTYPE Ontology is issued under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 United States License. Attribution should be made to TopQuadrant, Inc..
subject: Datatypes
has license type: CC-SHAREALIKE 3PT0-US
acronym: DTYPE
date created: 2011-29-05
description: The ontology 'dtype' provides a specification of simple data types such as enumerations and codelists. These are needed in support of the conversion of XML Schemas and UML Models to OWL.
has catalog entry: DTYPE-CatalogEntry
intent: The purpose of 'dtype' is to provide a foundation for expressing rich data types. These data types are typically needed when dealing with OWL representations of data structures derived from XML Schema.
namespace: http://www.linkedmodel.org/schema/dtype
namespace prefix: dtype
revision number: 1.0
specificity: 1
uses non-imported resource: rights
uses non-imported resource: subject
version info: Created with TopBraid Composer

Vocabulary for Attaching Essential Metadata
author: Ralph Hodgson
contributor: Irene Polikoff
subject: Metadata
date created: 2011-04-20
description: VAEM stands for "Vocabulary for Attaching Essential Metadata". The purpose of VAEM is to provide, by import, a foundation for commonly needed resources when building an ontology. An effort has been made to restrict these resources to a minimal level. What VAEM regards as 'essential metadata' is data about dates and times, confidentiality, and other characterisitic qualifiers of the ontology, but also references to where a ontology is documented and where to find ontology Governance, Attribution and Provenance. VAEM also defines classes for representing enumerations and enumerated values.
last updated: 2013-08-28
name: VAEM
namespace: http://www.linkedmodel.org/1.2/schema/vaem#
namespace prefix: vaem
revision: 1.2
uses non-imported resource: author
uses non-imported resource: contributor
uses non-imported resource: description
uses non-imported resource: subject
uses non-imported resource: title
version info: $Id: SCHEMA_vaem-v1.2.ttl 6563 2013-08-28 11:43:24Z RalphHodgson $

code
type: DatatypeProperty
definition: A property for expressing an encoded value. The range has been set to 'xsd:anySimpleType' to allow for a variety of scalar datatypes.
range: anySimpleType

composite of
type: ObjectProperty
definition: Aproperty for constructing composite data structures

default value
type: Property
definition: The property 'dtype:defaultValue' is a general property for specifying a value in situations where none is specified, or can be determined. In some cases of use, this property could have a scalar value and in other cases may need to refer to a first class concept that holds a 'value object'. For this reason, the type of this property is set as 'rdf:Property' and the property is rangeless.

derived from
type: ObjectProperty
definition: A property for specifying a derivation relationship.

has member
type: ObjectProperty
definition: A property for specifying how member elements make up a data structure.

literal
type: DatatypeProperty
definition: A general purpose property for holding string literals.
range: string

order
type: DatatypeProperty
definition: The property 'dtype:order' provides a means to specify a precedence. One use of order is in specifying ordered enumerations such as 'voag:ConfidentialityLevel'. A similar property, but with an important type difference, is 'vaem:orderIndex'. This is for use on property occurrences in class axioms where it can be placed on a restriction to specify how that property may be transformed into other representations where ordering has some importance, for example, in XML Schema sequences. Whereas 'vaem:order' is a datatype property, 'vaem:orderIndex' is an annotation property.
range: nonNegativeInteger

order index
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: The property 'dtype:orderIndex' is an annotation property to specify a position that some value or structure will have. One use is to specify the place that a resource has in a sequence. One use is on property occurrences in class axioms. Here 'vaem:orderIndex' is placed on a restriction to specify how that property may be transformed into a representation where ordering has some importance, for example, in XML Schema sequences.
range: nonNegativeInteger

code
type: DatatypeProperty
range: nonNegativeInteger

refers to
type: ObjectProperty
definition: An indirection pointer for relating a slot in am occurrence data structure, such as 'dtype:ValueReference' with another resource.

value
type: Property
definition: The property 'dtype:value' is a general property that in some cases could have scalar values and in other cases may refer to a first class concept that is a 'value object'. For this reason, the type of this property is set as 'rdf:Property' and the property is rangeless.

definition
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: An annotation property that can be freely used on any kind of resource. The range of the property is 'xsd:string'.
range: string

date
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The property 'vaem:date' is intended for general use as the name implies. The range of the property is set as 'vaem:dateUnion' so as to allow a value to have a number of forms from a year only to a full timestamp. The property is also the parent of all dates so that queries can be made for any date on an ontology.

date created
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The property 'vaem:dateCreated' is intended for general use as the name implies. The range of the property is set as 'vaem:dateUnion' so as to allow a value to have a number of forms from a year only to a full timestamp.
sub property of: date

description
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The property 'vaem:description' is intended for general use as the name implies. Unlike 'rdfs:comment', 'vaem:description' is an 'owl:DatatypeProperty'. As such it can play a stronger role in the model, for example, as a predicate in an axiom.
range: string

has catalog entry
type: ObjectProperty

has graph role
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The property 'lms:hasGraphRole' is used to characterize how a resource participates in an ontology set. The property is used to specify the role that a graph plays, for example, an ontology graph can be a schema, vocabulary, dataset, script, or ruleset.

has license type
type: ObjectProperty

isRefinedBy
type: Property
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: A refinement of the subject resource. Modelled after rdfs:isDefinedBy for the purpose of referring to layered graphs that further define a subject.
domain: Resource
range: Resource
sub property of: isDefinedBy

last updated
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The property 'vaem:lastUpdated' is intended for general use as the name implies. The range of the property is set as 'vaem:dateUnion' so as to allow a value to have a number of forms from a year only to a full timestamp.
sub property of: date

name
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The property 'vaem:name' is intended for general use. In many cases 'rdfs:label' could be used give names to resources. In the case where compliance with a specific naming rule is needed, 'vaem:name' allows a resource to carry a name that is used in more specific contexts. Making 'vaem:name' a sub-property of 'rdfs:label' allows 'vaem:name' to serve in the same way as an 'rdfs:label'.
range: string
sub property of: label

namespace
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The property 'vaem:namespace' provides a means to specify the onotlogy URI with which a graph is primarily associated. The intent is to allow multiple graphs to define statements for resources in the same Ontology namespace. For example, a foundation level graph with the base URI of 'http://www.somesite.com/1.0/schema/OurOntology' may define general concepts for 'OurOntology'. Another graph with the base URI 'http://www.somesite.com/1.0/schema/level2/OurOntology' may add more specific details to the same 'OurOntology'. Each of these two graphs would carry the same value for 'vaem:namespace', that is, 'http://www.somesite.com/schema/OurOntology'. In other words, an ontology URI is the URI associated with the resources of a controlled namespace. On the other hand the graph URIs (the base URIs) identify the graphs that hold resources that make up an ontology.
range: anyURI

namespace prefix
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The property 'vaem:namespacePrefix' specifes a short handle or label for the URI of an Ontology. Multiple graphs can define statements for resources in the same Ontololgy namespace. For example, a foundation level graph with the base URI of 'http://www.somesite.com/1.0/schema/OurOntology' may define general concepts for 'OurOntology'. Another graph with the base URI 'http://www.somesite.com/1.0/schema/level2/OurOntology' may add more specific details to the same 'OurOntology'. Each of these two graphs would carry the same value for 'vaem:namespacePrefix', for this example, perhaps, 'ourOntology'.
range: string

owned by
type: Property
comment: The property 'vaem:ownedBy' is a general property that in some cases could have scalar values or may refer to some concept of 'Party'. For this reason, the type of this property is set as 'rdf:Property' and the property is rangeless. There are two sub-properties of 'vaem:ownedBy', namely 'vaem:owner' for string values and 'vaem:owningParty' for referencing a 'party'. Ownership applies to thos ontologies that are proprietary. Other governance and provenance specifications are held in the VOAG ontology.

owner
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string
sub property of: owned by

owning party
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The property 'vaem:owningParty' is used to refer to some concept of 'Party' and is a sub-property of 'vaem:ownedBy'.
sub property of: owned by

reifiable by
type: ObjectProperty
comment: To express how statements in a model can be reifiable, this property is used to explicitly associate a property with a user-defined sub-class of 'rdf:Statement'. A recommended way of using this is to declare the properties that share the same reification constructs as sub-properties of a parent property that carries the 'vaem:reifiableBy' property. The parent property should be of type 'rdf:Property' so that it can have both datatype and object properties as sub-properties. By this means use and transformations of a model can be understood through a fully specified metamodel. 'vaem:reifiableBy' is rangeless in order to comply with OWL DL semantics. Its range would have been rdfs:Class in order to refer to 'rdf:Statement' sub-classes.

release date
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The property 'vaem:releaseDate' is intended for general use as the name implies. The range of the property is set as 'vaem:dateUnion' so as to allow a value to have a number of forms from a year only to a full timestamp.
sub property of: date

revision
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The property 'vaem:revision' is a property intended for general use as the name implies.
range: string

title
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

todo
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: As it name implies, a way to attach an annotation about a 'todo' task
range: string

url
type: DatatypeProperty
description: The property 'vaem:url' is intended for general use as the name implies. The range of the property is set as an XSD URI.
range: anyURI

uses non-imported resource
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A property that is used to express dependencies on resources from graphs that are not imported.
range: Resource

with attribution to
type: ObjectProperty

Ontology
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Resource
  on property: uses non-imported resource
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: string
  on property: description
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: date created
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: has catalog entry
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: has license type
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: last updated
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: name
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: namespace
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: namespace prefix
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: owner
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: owning party
subclass of: Restriction
  max cardinality: 1
  on property: revision

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000001
comment: requested by Melanie Courtot
annotated property: editor note
annotated source: zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
annotated target: zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona.

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000002
comment: per discussion with Barry Smith
annotated property: editor note
annotated source: spatial region
annotated target: Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional.

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000003
comment: per discussion with Barry Smith
annotated property: editor note
annotated source: temporal region
annotated target: Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000004
comment: per discussion with Barry Smith
annotated property: editor note
annotated source: entity
annotated target: Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000005
comment: per discussion with Barry Smith
annotated property: editor note
annotated source: specifically dependent continuant
annotated target: Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc.

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000006
comment: per discussion with Barry Smith
annotated property: editor note
annotated source: occurrent
annotated target: Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process.

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000007
annotated property: editor note
annotated source: continuant
annotated target: Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000008
annotated property: editor note
annotated source: continuant fiat boundary
annotated target: Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions.

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000011
annotated property: editor note
annotated source: object aggregate
annotated target: An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000012
annotated property: editor note
annotated source: occurrent
annotated target: Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame.

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000300
annotated property: definition source
annotated source: object aggregate
annotated target: ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158.

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000301
annotated property: editor note
annotated source: object aggregate
annotated target: An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/001-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: entity
annotated target: An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: continuant
annotated target: A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: continuant
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: continuant
annotated target: if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: continuant
annotated target: (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: continuant
annotated target: if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: continuant
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002
annotated property: definition
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated target: b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated target: (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated target: For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated target: (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/019-002
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: material entity
annotated target: A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/019-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: material entity
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/020-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: material entity
annotated target: Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/020-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: material entity
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/021-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: material entity
annotated target: every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/021-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: material entity
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/024-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: object
annotated target: b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/025-004
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: object aggregate
annotated target: b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/025-004
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: object aggregate
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/027-004
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: fiat object part
annotated target: b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/027-004
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: fiat object part
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/029-001
annotated property: definition
annotated source: continuant fiat boundary
annotated target: b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/029-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: continuant fiat boundary
annotated target: (iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/031-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
annotated target: a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/031-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
annotated target: (iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/032-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
annotated target: a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/032-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
annotated target: (iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/033-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
annotated target: a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/033-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
annotated target: (iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/034-002
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: site
annotated target: b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/034-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: site
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/035-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: spatial region
annotated target: A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/035-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: spatial region
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/036-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: spatial region
annotated target: All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/036-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: spatial region
annotated target: (forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/037-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: zero-dimensional spatial region
annotated target: A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/037-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: zero-dimensional spatial region
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/038-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: one-dimensional spatial region
annotated target: A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/038-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: one-dimensional spatial region
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/039-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: two-dimensional spatial region
annotated target: A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/039-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: two-dimensional spatial region
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/040-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: three-dimensional spatial region
annotated target: A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/040-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: three-dimensional spatial region
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003
annotated property: definition
annotated source: specifically dependent continuant
annotated target: b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: specifically dependent continuant
annotated target: (iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: quality
annotated target: a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: quality
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/057-001
annotated property: definition
annotated source: relational quality
annotated target: b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/057-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: relational quality
annotated target: (iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: realizable entity
annotated target: To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: realizable entity
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: realizable entity
annotated target: All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: realizable entity
annotated target: (forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: role
annotated target: b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: role
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: disposition
annotated target: b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: disposition
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: disposition
annotated target: If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: disposition
annotated target: (forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: function
annotated target: A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: function
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001
annotated property: definition
annotated source: generically dependent continuant
annotated target: b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: generically dependent continuant
annotated target: (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/077-002
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: occurrent
annotated target: An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/079-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: occurrent
annotated target: b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/079-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: occurrent
annotated target: (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/080-003
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: BFO_0000134
annotated target: To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/081-003
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: BFO_0000134
annotated target: To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/083-003
annotated property: definition
annotated source: process
annotated target: p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/083-003
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: process
annotated target: (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/084-001
annotated property: definition
annotated source: process boundary
annotated target: p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/084-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: process boundary
annotated target: (iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/085-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: process boundary
annotated target: Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/085-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: process boundary
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/093-002
annotated property: definition
annotated source: process profile
annotated target: b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/093-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: process profile
annotated target: (iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/094-005
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: process profile
annotated target: b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/094-005
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: process profile
annotated target: (forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/095-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated target: A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/095-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/096-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated target: All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/096-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated target: (forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/098-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated target: Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/098-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/099-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated target: Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/099-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated target: (forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/100-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: temporal region
annotated target: A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/100-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: temporal region
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/101-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: temporal region
annotated target: All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/101-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: temporal region
annotated target: (forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/102-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: zero-dimensional temporal region
annotated target: A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/102-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: zero-dimensional temporal region
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/103-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: one-dimensional temporal region
annotated target: A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/103-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: one-dimensional temporal region
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: quality
annotated target: If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: quality
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/107-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated target: Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/107-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated target: (forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/108-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: occurrent
annotated target: Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/108-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: occurrent
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/119-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: temporal region
annotated target: Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/119-002
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: temporal region
annotated target: (forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: continuant
annotated target: if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: continuant
annotated target: (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated target: For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated target: (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001]

Axiom
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/138-001
annotated property: elucidation
annotated source: history
annotated target: A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])