format-version: 1.2 date: 04:03:2013 10:54 data-version: 0.1.0 saved-by: slozano auto-generated-by: OBO-Edit 2.3 synonymtypedef: INFORMAL "Informal term to use when presenting to end-users" RELATED [Term] id: bfo:Entity name: entity [Term] id: CHEBI:23092 name: chemosterilant def: "A substance intended to sterilize any organism." [] comment: Examples of chemosterilants for insects include apholate and metepa. [VSMO:Authors]. synonym: "chemosterilants" RELATED [ChEBI:] xref: Wikipedia:Chemosterilant "Wikipedia" is_a: VSMO:0000011 ! chemical compound [Term] id: CHEBI:24851 name: insect growth regulator def: "A growth regulator that inhibits the life cycle of an insect." [] comment: Examples of growth regulators for insects include pyriproxyfen, methoprene, and novaluron. [VSMO:Authors]. is_a: VSMO:0000011 ! chemical compound [Term] id: GO:0008150 name: biological process namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0000004 alt_id: GO:0007582 def: "Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] comment: Note that, in addition to forming the root of the biological process ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose biological process is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the biological process of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this. synonym: "biological process" EXACT [] synonym: "biological process unknown" NARROW [] synonym: "physiological process" EXACT [] xref: Wikipedia:Biological_process is_a: span:Process ! process [Term] id: IAO:0000109 name: measurement datum def: "A measurement datum is an information content entity that is a recording of the output of a measurement such as produced by a device." [] is_a: snap:GenericallyDependentContinuant ! generically_dependent_continuant [Term] id: IDO:0000405 name: pathogen role def: "A role borne by pathogen in virtue of the fact that it or one of its products is sufficiently close to an organism towards which it has the pathogenic disposition to allow realization of the pathogenic disposition." [OBO:sourced] is_a: snap:Role ! role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T12:14:26Z [Term] id: IDO:0000484 name: infection incidence rate def: "A quality that inheres in an organism population and is the infection incidence proportion per unit time." [OBO:sourced] comment: Also referred to as infection rate. [VSMO:authors] is_a: VSMO:0000016 ! estimate of infection relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000142 ! measure relating to infection in aggregate of arthropods relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002028 ! measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates [Term] id: IDO:0000486 name: infection prevalence def: "A quality that inheres in an organism population and is the estimated number of organisms in the population infected with an infectious agent at a specified time." [OBO:sourced] comment: This refers to the estimate not the actual infected individuals. is_a: VSMO:0000016 ! estimate of infection relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000142 ! measure relating to infection in aggregate of arthropods relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002028 ! measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates [Term] id: IDO:0000505 name: viremia def: "An infection that has as part virus particles located in the blood." [OBO:sourced] is_a: VSMO:0000297 ! virus aggregate [Term] id: IDO:0000506 name: bacteremia def: "An infection that has as part bacteria located in the blood." [OBO:sourced] is_a: VSMO:0000010 ! bacterial aggregate [Term] id: IDO:0000509 name: organism population def: "An aggregate of organisms of the same species." [OBO:sourced] comment: The organism population may be delineated by spatio-temporal proximity or by demographic criteria such as age. [VSMO:Authors]. is_a: snap:ObjectAggregate ! object_aggregate [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000260 name: long-lasting insecticidal net def: "A long-lasting insecticidal net is a factory-treated mosquito net made with netting material that has insecticide incorporated within or bound around the fibres. The net must retain its effective biological activity without re-treatment for at least 20 WHO standard washes under laboratory conditions and three years of recommended use under field conditions." [KL:KL] comment: The list of synonyms contains a number of commercially available LLINs and their manufacturer and/or distributor.\nA long-lasting insecticidal net can be used to protect against a wide range of insect vectors. [VSMO:Authors]. synonym: "DuraNet (Clarke Mosquito Control)" NARROW [] synonym: "ICONLife (Syngenta)" NARROW [] synonym: "Interceptor Net (BASF)" NARROW [] synonym: "LLIN" EXACT [] synonym: "NetProtect (Intelligent Insect Control)" NARROW [] synonym: "Olyset Net (Sumitomo Chemical)" NARROW [] synonym: "PermaNet (Vestergaard-Frandsen)" NARROW [] is_a: VSMO:0000477 ! pesticide-treated net created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-05-16T08:43:07Z [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000261 name: conventionally treated insecticidal net def: "A conventionally treated net is a mosquito net that has been treated by dipping in a WHO-recommended insecticide. To ensure its continued insecticidal effect, the net should be re-treated after three washes, or at least once a year." [KL:KL] comment: Conventionally treated insecticidal net can be used to protect against a wide range of insect vectors. [VSMO:Authors]. synonym: "ITN" BROAD [] is_a: VSMO:0000477 ! pesticide-treated net created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-05-16T11:10:58Z [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000297 name: ookinete stage def: "The banana-shaped motile stage of Plasmodium that the zygote develops into. It moves out of the blood bolus through the peritrophic membrane and through the midgut epithelium reaching the basal lamina surrounding the midgut." [KL:KL] xref: PLO:00006 is_a: VSMO:0000196 ! life stage of Plasmodium in vector created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-07-31T11:07:15Z [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000298 name: oocyst stage def: "The stage of developing structure that an ookinete develops into upon reaching, and resting st the basal lamina of the midgut. Sporozoites are produced through endomitosis in the developing oocyst." [KL:KL] xref: PLO:00002 is_a: VSMO:0000196 ! life stage of Plasmodium in vector created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-07-31T11:07:15Z [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000299 name: blood gametocyte stage def: "A blood stage of Plasmodium that, upon transfer to a mosquito with a blood meal, will undergo further development giving rise to gametes." [KL:KL] is_a: VSMO:0000201 ! erythrocytic life stage of Plasmodium in vertebrate created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-07-31T11:30:59Z [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000300 name: sporozoite stage def: "The stage of Plasmodium that has been released into the mosquito haemocoel after the rupture of the oocyst. It reaches and penetrates the salivary gland where it stays until transfered into a vertebrate host through a blood meal. It then rapidly invades hepatocytes and is no longer observed in the host." [KL:KL] xref: PLO:00018 is_a: VSMO:0000196 ! life stage of Plasmodium in vector is_a: VSMO:0000202 ! exoerythrocytic life stage of Plasmodium in vertebrate created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-07-31T11:07:15Z [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000302 name: zygote stage def: "The stage produced through the fusion of male and female gametes." [KL:KL] xref: PLO:00024 is_a: VSMO:0000196 ! life stage of Plasmodium in vector created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-07-31T11:10:10Z [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000304 name: trophozoite stage def: "A developmental stage of the Plasmodium life cycle found within the erythrocyte." [KL:KL] xref: PLO:00011 is_a: VSMO:0000201 ! erythrocytic life stage of Plasmodium in vertebrate created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-07-31T11:19:32Z [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000305 name: ex-hepatocytic merozoite stage def: "A merozoite produced in the liver of the vertebrate host." [KL:KL] xref: PLO:00052 is_a: VSMO:0000202 ! exoerythrocytic life stage of Plasmodium in vertebrate created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-07-31T11:49:31Z [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000306 name: erythrocytic schizont stage def: "The stage of a sporozoan cell that reproduces by schizogony, producing a varied number of daughter trophozoites or merozoites." [AmericanHeritageMedicalDictionary:0] xref: PLO:00008 is_a: VSMO:0000201 ! erythrocytic life stage of Plasmodium in vertebrate created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-07-31T11:58:50Z [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000307 name: hypnozoite stage def: "A collective name for Plasmodium parasites of the relapsing kind that found in the liver of the vertebrate host but have arrested their development." [KL:KL] is_a: VSMO:0000202 ! exoerythrocytic life stage of Plasmodium in vertebrate created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-07-31T11:13:44Z [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000313 name: mosquito gametocyte stage def: "A life cycle stage of Plasmodium transferred into a mosquito with a blood meal into the midgut, that will undergo further development giving rise to gametes." [KL:KL] is_a: VSMO:0000196 ! life stage of Plasmodium in vector created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-07-31T11:31:38Z [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000320 name: ex-erythrocytic merozoite stage def: "A developmental stage that arises from the schizogony of a parent cell in an erythrocyte that may continue the asexual or enter the sexual phase of the Plasmodium life cycle." [KL:KL] xref: PLO:00040 is_a: VSMO:0000201 ! erythrocytic life stage of Plasmodium in vertebrate created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-07-31T11:52:15Z [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000322 name: hepatic schizont stage def: "A schizont produced in the liver of the vertebrate host." [KL:KL] xref: PLO:00009 is_a: VSMO:0000202 ! exoerythrocytic life stage of Plasmodium in vertebrate created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-07-31T11:59:38Z [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000873 name: piperonyl butoxide def: "A substance acting as an insecticide synergist." [KL:KL] synonym: "5-[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethoxymethyl]-6-propyl-1,3-benzodioxole" EXACT [] synonym: "PBO" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0000003 ! synergist for insecticide formulation [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000878 name: DEF def: "A substance often used as a synergist for insecticides." [KL:KL] synonym: "S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0000003 ! synergist for insecticide formulation [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000880 name: sesamex def: "A substance acting as an insecticide synergist." [KL:KL] synonym: "(RS)-5-{1-[2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy}-1,3-benzodioxole" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0000003 ! synergist for insecticide formulation [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000883 name: SV1 def: "A chemical substance that acts as an insecticide synergist." [KL:KL] synonym: "O,O-diethyl O-phenyl phosphorothioate" EXACT [] synonym: "SV-1" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0000003 ! synergist for insecticide formulation [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000886 name: triphenyl phosphate def: "A chemical substance that acts as an insecticide synergist." [KL:KL] synonym: "TPP" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0000003 ! synergist for insecticide formulation [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000888 name: piprotal def: "A substance acting as an insecticide synergist." [KL:KL] synonym: "5-{bis[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethoxy]methyl}-1,3-benzodioxole" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0000003 ! synergist for insecticide formulation [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000891 name: propyl isome def: "A substance acting as an insecticide synergist." [KL:KL] synonym: "dipropyl 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-7-methylnaphtho[2,3-d]-1,3-dioxole-5,6-dicarboxylate" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0000003 ! synergist for insecticide formulation [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000895 name: sulfoxide def: "The sulphur analog of a ketone that can have the role of an insecticide synergist." [KL:KL] synonym: "(RS)-2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-methylethyl octyl sulfoxide" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0000003 ! synergist for insecticide formulation [Term] id: IDOMAL:0000898 name: tribufos def: "A chemical substance that acts as an insecticide synergist." [KL:KL] synonym: "S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate" RELATED [] is_a: VSMO:0000003 ! synergist for insecticide formulation [Term] id: IDOMAL:0001024 name: screening material def: "Wire or cloth mesh used to prevent insects from entering a building or landing on a potential food source." [KL:KL] comment: In the scope of vector management is carries the function of a personal protection measure against vectors in that it prevents entry by arthropods and thus reduces indoor vector biting of humans. [VSMO:Authors]. is_a: VSMO:0000021 ! equipment relationship: OBO_REL:has_function VSMO:0000416 ! protection from vector function created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-08-06T11:56:41Z [Term] id: IDOMAL:0001031 name: protective clothing def: "Clothes worn in order to prevent mosquitoes from biting." [KL:KL] comment: Protective clothing can be used to prevent bites by a wide range of arthropod vectors, including ticks and different types of insects. [VSMO:Authors]. is_a: VSMO:0000021 ! equipment created_by: louis creation_date: 2008-08-06T12:03:44Z [Term] id: MIRO:10000002 name: carbamate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000003 name: aldicarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:2555 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000004 name: alanycarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38463 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000005 name: aminocarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:2653 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000006 name: bendiocarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34556 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000007 name: benfuracarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:3014 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000008 name: butocarboxim def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38465 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000009 name: butoxycarboxim def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38470 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000010 name: carbaryl def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:3390 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000011 name: carbofuran def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34611 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000012 name: carbosulfan def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38476 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000013 name: ethiofencarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38483 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000014 name: fenobucarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34304 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000015 name: formetanate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38491 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000016 name: furathiocarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38504 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000017 name: isoprocarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38505 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000018 name: methiocarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38508 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000019 name: methomyl def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:6835 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000020 name: metolcarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38537 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000021 name: oxamyl def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38539 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000022 name: pirimicarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:8248 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000023 name: propoxur def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34938 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000024 name: thiodicarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38548 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000025 name: thiofanox def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38549 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000026 name: trimethacarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38569 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000027 name: XMC def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38571 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000028 name: xylylcarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:35048 is_a: MIRO:10000002 ! carbamate [Term] id: MIRO:10000029 name: triazamate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38576 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000031 name: organophosphate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:25708 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000032 name: acephate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34520 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000033 name: azamethiphos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38578 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000034 name: azinphos-ethyl def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38587 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000035 name: azinphos-methyl def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:2953 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000036 name: cadusafos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38588 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000037 name: chlorethoxyfos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38590 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000038 name: chlorfenvinphos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38598 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000039 name: chlormephos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38603 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000040 name: chlorpyrifos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34631 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000041 name: chlorpyrifos-methyl def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34632 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000042 name: coumaphos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:3903 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000043 name: cyanophos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38621 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000044 name: demeton-S-methyl def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38624 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000045 name: diazinon def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34682 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000046 name: dichlorvos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] synonym: "DDVP" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:34690 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000047 name: dicrotophos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38658 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000048 name: dimethoate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34714 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000049 name: dimethylvinphos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38659 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000050 name: disulfoton def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38661 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000051 name: EPN def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34733 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000052 name: ethion def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38663 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000053 name: ethoprophos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38665 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000054 name: famphur def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38677 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000055 name: fenamiphos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38680 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000056 name: fenitrothion def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34757 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000057 name: fensulfothion def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34760 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000058 name: fenthion def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34761 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000059 name: fonofos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38689 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000060 name: fosthiazate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38692 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000061 name: heptenophos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38693 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000062 name: isofenphos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:6009 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000063 name: isopropyl O-(methoxyaminothio-phosphoryl)salicylate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] synonym: "isocarbophos" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:38704 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000064 name: isoxathion def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34801 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000065 name: malathion def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:6651 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000066 name: mecarbam def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38718 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000067 name: methamidophos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38721 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000068 name: methidathion def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34837 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000069 name: mevinphos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38725 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000070 name: monocrotophos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38728 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000071 name: naled def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38729 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000072 name: omethoate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38730 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000073 name: oxydemeton-methyl def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38735 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000074 name: parathion def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:27928 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000075 name: parathion-methyl def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38746 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000076 name: phenthoate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34917 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000077 name: phorate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38764 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000078 name: phosalone def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:8121 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000079 name: phosmet def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38786 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000080 name: phosphamidon def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38832 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000081 name: phoxim def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38812 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000082 name: pirimiphos-methyl def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38843 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000083 name: profenofos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] synonym: "bromofos" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:38845 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000084 name: propaphos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38858 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000085 name: propetamphos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38864 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000086 name: prothiofos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000087 name: pyraclofos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38876 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000088 name: pyridaphenthion def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38881 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000089 name: quinalphos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:8712 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000090 name: sulfotep def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38945 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000091 name: sulprofos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38949 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000092 name: tebupirimfos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38951 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000093 name: temephos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] synonym: "OMS-786" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:38954 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000094 name: terbufos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38960 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000095 name: tetrachlorvinphos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:35005 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000096 name: thiometon def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38962 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000097 name: triazophos def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38963 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000098 name: trichlorfon def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:6908 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000099 name: vamidothion def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38990 is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000101 name: moulting disruptor def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: IRAC:eClassification "http://www.irac-online.org/eClassification/" is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000102 name: cyclodiene organochlorine def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:23457 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000103 name: chlordane def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34623 is_a: MIRO:10000102 ! cyclodiene organochlorine [Term] id: MIRO:10000104 name: endosulfan def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:4791 is_a: MIRO:10000102 ! cyclodiene organochlorine [Term] id: MIRO:10000105 name: gamma-HCH def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] synonym: "gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:32888 is_a: MIRO:10000102 ! cyclodiene organochlorine [Term] id: MIRO:10000106 name: heptachlor def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34785 is_a: MIRO:10000102 ! cyclodiene organochlorine [Term] id: MIRO:10000107 name: lindane def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:32888 is_a: MIRO:10000102 ! cyclodiene organochlorine [Term] id: MIRO:10000108 name: chlorphoxim def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] synonym: "chlorphoxin" EXACT [] xref: CAS:7-(2-chlorophenyl)-4-ethoxy-3\,5-dioxa-6-aza-4-phosphaoct-6-ene-8-nitrile4-sulfide xref: IUPAC:O\,O-diethyl2-chloro--cyanobenzylideneaminooxyphosphonothioate is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000109 name: fipronil / phenylpyrazole def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000110 name: fipronil def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:5063 is_a: MIRO:10000109 ! fipronil / phenylpyrazole [Term] id: MIRO:10000112 name: pyrethroid def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:26413 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000113 name: acrinathrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39091 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000114 name: allethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34572 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000115 name: d-cis-trans allethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39137 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000116 name: d-trans allethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39118 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000117 name: bifenthrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:3093 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000118 name: bioallethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34572 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000119 name: bioallethrin S-cyclopentenyl def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39115 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000120 name: bioresmethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39280 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000121 name: cycloprothrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39283 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000122 name: cyfluthrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:4034 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000123 name: beta-cyfluthrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39314 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000124 name: cyhalothrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:4035 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000125 name: lambda-cyhalothrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39325 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000126 name: gamma-cyhalothrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39323 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000127 name: cypermethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:4042 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000128 name: alpha-cypermethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39331 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000129 name: beta-cypermethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39332 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000130 name: theta-cypermethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39333 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000131 name: zeta-cypermethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39334 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000132 name: cyphenothrin [(1R)-trans- isomers] def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39341 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000133 name: deltamethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:4388 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000134 name: empenthrin [(EZ)- (1R)- isomers] def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39404 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000135 name: esfenvalerate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39346 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000136 name: etofenprox def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39348 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000137 name: fenpropathrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39353 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000138 name: fenvalerate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:5014 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000139 name: flucythrinate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34763 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000140 name: flumethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39361 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000141 name: tau-fluvalinate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39367 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000142 name: halfenprox def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39368 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000143 name: imiprothrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39389 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000144 name: permethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34911 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000145 name: phenothrin [(1R)-trans- isomer] def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] synonym: "sumithrin" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:39341 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000146 name: prallethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39391 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000147 name: resmethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:8811 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000148 name: rU 15525 def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] synonym: "kadethrin" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:39392 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000149 name: silafluofen def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39393 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000150 name: tefluthrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:9430 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000151 name: tetramethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39397 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000152 name: tetramethrin [(1R)- isomers] def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39399 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000153 name: tralomethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39400 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000154 name: transfluthrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:32253 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000155 name: ZXI 8901 def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39402 is_a: MIRO:10000112 ! pyrethroid [Term] id: MIRO:10000156 name: pyrethrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] synonym: "pyrethrum" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:27815 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000157 name: DDT def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:16130 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000158 name: methoxychlor def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:6842 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000160 name: dieldrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34696 xref: IUPAC:(1R\,4S\,4aS\,5R\,6R\,7S\,8S\,8aR)-1\,2\,3\,4\,10\,10-hexachloro-1\,4\,4a\,5\,6\,7\,8\,8a-octahydro-6\,7-epoxy-1\,4\:5\,8-dimethanonaphthalene is_a: MIRO:10000102 ! cyclodiene organochlorine [Term] id: MIRO:10000161 name: neonicotinoid def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39182 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000162 name: acetamiprid def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39163 is_a: MIRO:10000161 ! neonicotinoid [Term] id: MIRO:10000163 name: clothianidin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39178 is_a: MIRO:10000161 ! neonicotinoid [Term] id: MIRO:10000164 name: dinotefuran def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39183 is_a: MIRO:10000161 ! neonicotinoid [Term] id: MIRO:10000165 name: imidacloprid def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:5870 is_a: MIRO:10000161 ! neonicotinoid [Term] id: MIRO:10000166 name: nitenpyram def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39171 is_a: MIRO:10000161 ! neonicotinoid [Term] id: MIRO:10000167 name: thiacloprid def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39175 is_a: MIRO:10000161 ! neonicotinoid [Term] id: MIRO:10000168 name: thiamethoxam def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39185 is_a: MIRO:10000161 ! neonicotinoid [Term] id: MIRO:10000170 name: nicotine def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:18723 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000172 name: bensultap def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39188 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000173 name: cartap def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:3436 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000175 name: spinosad def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39211 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000177 name: avermectin and milbemycin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39213 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000178 name: abamectin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39214 is_a: MIRO:10000177 ! avermectin and milbemycin [Term] id: MIRO:10000179 name: emamectin benzoate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39233 is_a: MIRO:10000177 ! avermectin and milbemycin [Term] id: MIRO:10000180 name: milbemectin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39225 is_a: MIRO:10000177 ! avermectin and milbemycin [Term] id: MIRO:10000181 name: juvenile hormone mimic def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:24942 xref: IRAC:eClassification "http://www.irac-online.org/eClassification/" is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000183 name: juvenile hormone analogue def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] is_a: MIRO:10000181 ! juvenile hormone mimic [Term] id: MIRO:10000184 name: hydroprene def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39234 is_a: MIRO:10000183 ! juvenile hormone analogue [Term] id: MIRO:10000185 name: kinoprene def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39243 is_a: MIRO:10000183 ! juvenile hormone analogue [Term] id: MIRO:10000186 name: methoprene def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39255 is_a: MIRO:10000183 ! juvenile hormone analogue [Term] id: MIRO:10000188 name: fenoxycarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:5009 is_a: MIRO:10000181 ! juvenile hormone mimic [Term] id: MIRO:10000190 name: pyriproxyfen def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39260 is_a: MIRO:10000181 ! juvenile hormone mimic [Term] id: MIRO:10000193 name: methyl bromide def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39275 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000194 name: methyl bromide and other alkyl halides def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] is_a: MIRO:10000193 ! methyl bromide [Term] id: MIRO:10000196 name: chloropicrin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39285 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000198 name: sulfuryl fluoride def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39287 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000201 name: cryolite def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39290 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000202 name: sesamolin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: MIRO:10000203 name: pymetrozine def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39311 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000205 name: flonicamid def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39291 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000206 name: growth inhibitor sensu acarea def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: IRAC:eClassification "http://www.irac-online.org/eClassification/" is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000208 name: clofentezine def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39315 is_a: MIRO:10000206 ! growth inhibitor sensu acarea [Term] id: MIRO:10000209 name: malaoxon def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] is_a: MIRO:10000065 ! malathion [Term] id: MIRO:10000210 name: hexythiazox def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39326 is_a: MIRO:10000206 ! growth inhibitor sensu acarea [Term] id: MIRO:10000211 name: chlorthion def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] synonym: "chlorothion" EXACT [] is_a: MIRO:10000031 ! organophosphate [Term] id: MIRO:10000212 name: etoxazole def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39329 is_a: MIRO:10000206 ! growth inhibitor sensu acarea [Term] id: MIRO:10000214 name: Bacillus thurigiensis toxin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] synonym: "Bt toxin" EXACT [] is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance created_by: Pantelis creation_date: 2009-03-13T10:56:22Z [Term] id: MIRO:10000215 name: Bacillus thurigiensis var. israelensis toxin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] synonym: "Bti" EXACT [] is_a: MIRO:10000214 ! Bacillus thurigiensis toxin [Term] id: MIRO:10000217 name: Bacillus thurigiensis var. sphaericus toxin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] is_a: MIRO:10000214 ! Bacillus thurigiensis toxin [Term] id: MIRO:10000219 name: Bacillus thurigiensis var. aizawai toxin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] is_a: MIRO:10000214 ! Bacillus thurigiensis toxin [Term] id: MIRO:10000221 name: Bacillus thurigiensis var. kurstaki toxin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] is_a: MIRO:10000214 ! Bacillus thurigiensis toxin [Term] id: MIRO:10000223 name: Bacillus thurigiensis var. tenebrionensis toxin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] is_a: MIRO:10000214 ! Bacillus thurigiensis toxin [Term] id: MIRO:10000226 name: diafenthiuron def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39299 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000228 name: organotin miticide def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39292 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000229 name: azocyclotin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:2959 is_a: MIRO:10000228 ! organotin miticide [Term] id: MIRO:10000230 name: cyhexatin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:4036 is_a: MIRO:10000228 ! organotin miticide [Term] id: MIRO:10000231 name: fenbutatin oxide def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39294 is_a: MIRO:10000228 ! organotin miticide [Term] id: MIRO:10000233 name: propargite def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39300 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000234 name: tetradifon def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39330 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000235 name: chloropropylate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39411 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000237 name: chlorfenapyr def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39347 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000238 name: DNOC def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] synonym: "4,6-dinitro-o-cresol" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:39349 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000239 name: insecticidal substance def: "A chemical substance with the ability to kill insects." [PT:PT] synonym: "insecticide" RELATED [] xref: IRAC:eClassification "http://www.irac-online.org/eClassification/" is_a: VSMO:0000011 ! chemical compound [Term] id: MIRO:10000241 name: benzoylurea def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38494 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000242 name: chlorfluazuron def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39370 is_a: MIRO:10000241 ! benzoylurea [Term] id: MIRO:10000243 name: diflubenzuron def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34703 is_a: MIRO:10000241 ! benzoylurea [Term] id: MIRO:10000244 name: fluazuron def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39374 is_a: MIRO:10000241 ! benzoylurea [Term] id: MIRO:10000245 name: flucycloxuron def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39375 is_a: MIRO:10000241 ! benzoylurea [Term] id: MIRO:10000246 name: flufenoxuron def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39382 is_a: MIRO:10000241 ! benzoylurea [Term] id: MIRO:10000247 name: hexaflumuron def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39383 is_a: MIRO:10000241 ! benzoylurea [Term] id: MIRO:10000248 name: lufenuron def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39384 is_a: MIRO:10000241 ! benzoylurea [Term] id: MIRO:10000249 name: novaluron def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39385 is_a: MIRO:10000241 ! benzoylurea [Term] id: MIRO:10000250 name: noviflumuron def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39386 is_a: MIRO:10000241 ! benzoylurea [Term] id: MIRO:10000251 name: teflubenzuron def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39387 is_a: MIRO:10000241 ! benzoylurea [Term] id: MIRO:10000252 name: triflumuron def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:39388 is_a: MIRO:10000241 ! benzoylurea [Term] id: MIRO:10000254 name: buprofezin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:3218 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000255 name: moulting disruptor in Diptera def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] is_a: MIRO:10000101 ! moulting disruptor [Term] id: MIRO:10000256 name: cyromazine def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:30260 is_a: MIRO:10000255 ! moulting disruptor in Diptera [Term] id: MIRO:10000257 name: moulting disruptor via ecdysone agonist def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38456 is_a: MIRO:10000101 ! moulting disruptor [Term] id: MIRO:10000259 name: chromafenozide def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38450 is_a: MIRO:10000257 ! moulting disruptor via ecdysone agonist [Term] id: MIRO:10000260 name: halofenozide def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38451 is_a: MIRO:10000257 ! moulting disruptor via ecdysone agonist [Term] id: MIRO:10000261 name: methoxyfenozide def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38449 is_a: MIRO:10000257 ! moulting disruptor via ecdysone agonist [Term] id: MIRO:10000262 name: tebufenozide def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38452 is_a: MIRO:10000257 ! moulting disruptor via ecdysone agonist [Term] id: MIRO:10000264 name: azadirachtin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38473 is_a: MIRO:10000257 ! moulting disruptor via ecdysone agonist [Term] id: MIRO:10000266 name: amitraz def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:2665 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000269 name: hydramethylnon def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:2630 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000271 name: acequinocyl def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38592 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000273 name: fluacrypyrim def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38591 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000275 name: fenazaquin def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38593 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000276 name: fenpyroximate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:5011 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000277 name: pyrimidifen def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38604 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000278 name: pyridaben def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38626 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000279 name: tebufenpyrad def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:9422 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000280 name: tolfenpyrad def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38628 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000281 name: rotenone def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:28201 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000283 name: indoxacarb def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38630 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000285 name: tetronic acid derivative def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:33755 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000286 name: spirodiclofen def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38639 is_a: MIRO:10000285 ! tetronic acid derivative [Term] id: MIRO:10000287 name: spiromesifen def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38640 is_a: MIRO:10000285 ! tetronic acid derivative [Term] id: MIRO:10000289 name: spirotetramat def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] is_a: MIRO:10000285 ! tetronic acid derivative [Term] id: MIRO:10000290 name: aluminium phosphide def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38495 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000292 name: cyanide def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:17514 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000294 name: phosphine def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:35883 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000296 name: bifenazate def: "A chemical substance which is able to kill insects." [PT:PT] is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000298 name: fluoroacetate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:18172 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000307 name: flubendiamide def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38798 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000310 name: benzoximate def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38813 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000312 name: chinomethionat def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34620 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000314 name: dicofol def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:34692 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: MIRO:10000316 name: pyridalyl def: "A chemical substance which is being used as insecticide." [PT:PT] xref: CHEBI:38887 is_a: MIRO:10000239 ! insecticidal substance [Term] id: OBI:0000011 name: planned process namespace: OBI def: "A processual entity that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification." [] is_a: span:Process ! process [Term] id: OBI:0000070 name: assay namespace: OBI def: "A planned process with the objective to produce information about some evaluant." [] comment: Example of usage: Assay the wavelength of light emitted by excited Neon atoms. Count of geese flying over a house. synonym: "measuring" EXACT [] synonym: "scientific observation" EXACT [] is_a: OBI:0000011 ! planned process [Term] id: OBI:0000094 name: material processing namespace: OBI def: "A planned process which results in physical changes in a specified input material." [] synonym: "material transformation" EXACT [] is_a: OBI:0000011 ! planned process [Term] id: OBI:0000415 name: polymerase chain reaction def: "PCR is the process in which a DNA polymerase is used to amplify a piece of DNA by in vitro enzymatic replication. As PCR progresses, the DNA thus generated is itself used as a template for replication. This sets in motion a chain reaction in which the DNA template is exponentially amplified." [OBI:authors] synonym: "PCR" RELATED [] synonym: "Polymerase Chain Reaction" RELATED [] synonym: "Polymerase chain reaction" RELATED [] is_a: OBI:0000094 ! material processing relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000060 ! pathogen detection relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000148 ! pathogen identification relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000180 ! taxonomic identification [Term] id: OBI:0000659 name: specimen collection def: "A planned process with the objective of obtaining a specimen." [OBI:authors] is_a: OBI:0000011 ! planned process [Term] id: OBI:0100026 name: organism namespace: OBI def: "A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs." [] is_a: snap:Object ! object [Term] id: OBI:0600006 name: killing namespace: OBI def: "A protocol application in which an organism is intentionally put to death." [] synonym: "death status type" EXACT [] synonym: "euthanisia" EXACT [] synonym: "life termination" EXACT [] synonym: "sacrifice" EXACT [] is_a: OBI:0000094 ! material processing [Term] id: obo:PATO_0000047 name: biological sex namespace: http def: "An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to undergo sexual reproduction in order to differentiate the individuals or types involved." [] synonym: "biological sex" EXACT [] is_a: snap:Quality ! quality [Term] id: PATO:0000383 name: female def: "A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population that only produces gametes that can be fertilised by male gametes." [MGED:MGED] is_a: obo:PATO_0000047 ! biological sex relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000262 ! arthropod sex [Term] id: PATO:0000384 name: male def: "A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population whose sex organs contain only male gametes." [MGED:MGED] is_a: obo:PATO_0000047 ! biological sex relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000262 ! arthropod sex [Term] id: PATO:0002370 name: parity def: "The number of time that a viviparous organism has given birth." [wiki:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parity_(biology)] is_a: snap:Quality ! quality created_by: gkoutos creation_date: 2012-05-03T11:27:56Z [Term] id: snap:Continuant name: continuant def: "An entity [bfo:Entity] that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts." [] comment: Definition: An entity [bfo:Entity] that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. synonym: "endurant" RELATED [] is_a: bfo:Entity ! entity property_value: has_example "a heart" xsd:string property_value: has_example "a person" xsd:string property_value: has_example "a symphony orchestra" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the color of a tomato" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the disposition of blood to coagulate" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the lawn and atmosphere in front of our building" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the mass of a cloud" xsd:string [Term] id: snap:DependentContinuant name: dependent_continuant def: "A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is either dependent on one or other independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] bearers or inheres in or is borne by other entities." [] comment: Definition: A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is either dependent on one or other independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] bearers or inheres in or is borne by other entities. is_a: snap:Continuant ! continuant [Term] id: snap:Disposition name: disposition def: "A realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] that essentially causes a specific process or transformation in the object [snap:Object] in which it inheres, under specific circumstances and in conjunction with the laws of nature. A general formula for dispositions is: X (object [snap:Object] has the disposition D to (transform, initiate a process) R under conditions C." [] comment: Definition: A realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] that essentially causes a specific process or transformation in the object [snap:Object] in which it inheres, under specific circumstances and in conjunction with the laws of nature. A general formula for dispositions is: X (object [snap:Object] has the disposition D to (transform, initiate a process) R under conditions C. is_a: snap:RealizableEntity ! realizable_entity property_value: has_example "the disposition of a patient with a weakened immune system to contract disease" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the disposition of a vase to brake if dropped" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the disposition of blood to coagulate" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the disposition of metal to conduct electricity." xsd:string property_value: has_example "the disposition of vegetables to decay when not refrigerated" xsd:string [Term] id: snap:FiatObjectPart name: fiat_object_part def: "A material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] that is part of an object [snap:Object] but is not demarcated by any physical discontinuities." [] comment: Definition: A material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] that is part of an object [snap:Object] but is not demarcated by any physical discontinuities. synonym: "fiat substance part" RELATED [] is_a: snap:MaterialEntity ! material_entity property_value: has_example "the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the body" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the east side of Saarbruecken" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the lower right portion of a human torso" xsd:string property_value: has_example "upper and lower lobes of the left lung" xsd:string [Term] id: snap:Function name: function def: "A realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] the manifestation of which is an essentially end-directed activity of a continuant [snap:Continuant] entity in virtue of that continuant [snap:Continuant] entity being a specific kind of entity in the kind or kinds of contexts that it is made for." [] comment: Definition: A realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] the manifestation of which is an essentially end-directed activity of a continuant [snap:Continuant] entity in virtue of that continuant [snap:Continuant] entity being a specific kind of entity in the kind or kinds of contexts that it is made for. is_a: snap:RealizableEntity ! realizable_entity property_value: has_example "etc." xsd:string property_value: has_example "the digestive function of the stomach to nutriate the body" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the function of a birth canal to enable transport" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the function of a computer program to compute mathematical equations" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the function of a hammer to drive in nails" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the function of a judge in a court of law" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the function of an automobile to provide transportation" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the function of reproduction in the transmission of genetic material" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the function of the heart in the body: to pump blood" xsd:string property_value: has_example "to receive de-oxygenated and oxygenated blood" xsd:string [Term] id: snap:GenericallyDependentContinuant name: generically_dependent_continuant def: "A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is dependent on one or other independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] bearers. For every instance of A requires some instance of (an independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] type) B but which instance of B serves can change from time to time." [] comment: Definition: A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is dependent on one or other independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] bearers. For every instance of A requires some instance of (an independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] type) B but which instance of B serves can change from time to time. is_a: snap:DependentContinuant ! dependent_continuant property_value: has_example "a certain PDF file that exists in different and in several hard drives" xsd:string [Term] id: snap:IndependentContinuant name: independent_continuant def: "A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is a bearer of quality [snap:Quality] and realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything." [] comment: Definition: A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is a bearer of quality [snap:Quality] and realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything. synonym: "substantial entity" RELATED [] is_a: snap:Continuant ! continuant property_value: has_example "a chair" xsd:string property_value: has_example "a heart" xsd:string property_value: has_example "a leg" xsd:string property_value: has_example "a person" xsd:string property_value: has_example "a symphony orchestra" xsd:string property_value: has_example "an organism" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the bottom right portion of a human torso" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the lawn and atmosphere in front of our building" xsd:string [Term] id: snap:MaterialEntity name: material_entity def: "An independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. Note: Material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] subsumes object [snap:Object], fiat object part [snap:FiatObjectPart], and object aggregate [snap:ObjectAggregate], which assume a three level theory of granularity, which is inadequate for some domains, such as biology." [] comment: Definition: An independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. Note: Material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] subsumes object [snap:Object], fiat object part [snap:FiatObjectPart], and object aggregate [snap:ObjectAggregate], which assume a three level theory of granularity, which is inadequate for some domains, such as biology. is_a: snap:IndependentContinuant ! independent_continuant property_value: has_example "a chair" xsd:string property_value: has_example "collection of random bacteria" xsd:string property_value: has_example "dorsal surface of the body" xsd:string [Term] id: snap:Object name: object def: "A material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] that is spatially extended, maximally self-connected and self-contained (the parts of a substance are not separated from each other by spatial gaps) and possesses an internal unity. The identity of substantial object [snap:Object] entities is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time." [BFO:snap\:Object] is_a: snap:MaterialEntity ! material_entity [Term] id: snap:ObjectAggregate name: object_aggregate def: "A material entity [snap:MaterialEntity] that is a mereological sum of separate object [snap:Object] entities and possesses non-connected boundaries." [BFO:snap\:ObjectAggregate] is_a: snap:MaterialEntity ! material_entity [Term] id: snap:ObjectBoundary name: object_boundary def: "An independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] that is a lower dimensional part of a spatial entity, normally a closed two-dimensional surface. Boundaries are those privileged parts of object [snap:Object] entities that exist at exactly the point where the object [snap:Object] is separated off from the rest of the existing entities in the world." [] comment: Comment: Boundaries are theoretically difficult entities to account for, however the intuitive notion of a physical boundary as a surface of some sort (whether inside or outside of a thing) will generally serve as a good guide for the use of this universal. synonym: "substance boundary" RELATED [] is_a: snap:IndependentContinuant ! independent_continuant property_value: has_example "the outer surface of a cell or cell wall" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the surface of the earth" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the surface of the interior of the stomach" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the surface of the skin" xsd:string [Term] id: snap:OneDimensionalRegion name: one_dimensional_region def: "A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with one dimension." [] comment: Definition: A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with one dimension. is_a: snap:SpatialRegion ! spatial_region property_value: has_example "an edge of a cube-shaped part of space" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the part of space that is a line stretching from one end of absolute space to the other" xsd:string [Term] id: snap:Quality name: quality def: "A specifically dependent continuant [snap:SpecificallyDependentContinuant] that is exhibited if it inheres in an entity or entities at all (a categorical property)." [BFO:snap\:Quality] is_a: snap:SpecificallyDependentContinuant ! specifically_dependent_continuant [Term] id: snap:RealizableEntity name: realizable_entity def: "A specifically dependent continuant [snap:SpecificallyDependentContinuant] that inheres in continuant [snap:Continuant] entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances." [] comment: Comment: If a realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] inheres in a continuant [snap:Continuant], this does not imply that it is actually realized. is_a: snap:SpecificallyDependentContinuant ! specifically_dependent_continuant property_value: has_example "the disposition of blood to coagulate" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the disposition of metal to conduct electricity" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the function of the reproductive organs" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the role of being a doctor" xsd:string [Term] id: snap:Role name: role def: "A realizable entity [snap:RealizableEntity] the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant [snap:Continuant] in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant [snap:Continuant] in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts." [BFO:snap\:Role] is_a: snap:RealizableEntity ! realizable_entity [Term] id: snap:Site name: site def: "An independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] consisting of a characteristic spatial shape in relation to some arrangement of other continuant [snap:Continuant] entities and of the medium which is enclosed in whole or in part by this characteristic spatial shape. Site [snap:Site] entities are entities that can be occupied by other continuant [snap:Continuant] entities." [] comment: Comment: An instance of Site [snap:Site] is a mixture of independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] entities which act as surrounding environments for other independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] entities, most importantly for instances of object [snap:Object]. A site [snap:Site] is typically made of object [snap:Object] or fiat object part [snap:FiatObjectPart] entities and a surrounding medium in which is found an object [snap:Object] occupying the site [snap:Site]. Independent continuant [snap:IndependentContinuant] entities may be associated with others (which, then, are site [snap:Site] entities) through a relation of "occupation". That relation is connected to, but distinct from, the relation of spatial location. Site [snap:Site] entities are not to be confused with spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities. In BFO, site [snap:Site] allows for a so-called relational view of space which is different from the view corresponding to the class spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] (see the comment on this class). is_a: snap:IndependentContinuant ! independent_continuant property_value: has_example "Maria's nostril or her intestines for a variety of bacteria." xsd:string property_value: has_example "a particular room in a particular hospital" xsd:string [Term] id: snap:SpatialRegion name: spatial_region def: "A continuant [snap:Continuant] that is neither bearer of quality [snap:Quality] entities nor inheres in any other entities." [] comment: Comment: All instances of continuant [snap:Continuant] are spatial entities, that is, they enter in the relation of (spatial) location with spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] entities. As a particular case, the exact spatial location of a spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] is this region itself. is_a: snap:Continuant ! continuant property_value: has_example "parts of the sum total of all space in the universe" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the sum total of all space in the universe" xsd:string [Term] id: snap:SpecificallyDependentContinuant name: specifically_dependent_continuant def: "A continuant [snap:Continuant] that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same." [] comment: Definition: A continuant [snap:Continuant] that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same. synonym: "mode" RELATED [] synonym: "property" RELATED [] synonym: "trope" RELATED [] is_a: snap:DependentContinuant ! dependent_continuant property_value: has_example "etc." xsd:string property_value: has_example "the color of a tomato" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the disposition of fish to decay" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the function of the heart in the body: to pump blood" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the liquidity of blood" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the mass of a cloud" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the role of being a doctor" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the smell of mozzarella" xsd:string property_value: has_example "to receive de-oxygenated and oxygenated blood" xsd:string [Term] id: snap:ThreeDimensionalRegion name: three_dimensional_region def: "A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with three dimensions." [] comment: Definition: A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with three dimensions. is_a: snap:SpatialRegion ! spatial_region property_value: has_example "a cube-shaped part of space" xsd:string property_value: has_example "a sphere-shaped part of space" xsd:string [Term] id: snap:TwoDimensionalRegion name: two_dimensional_region def: "A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with two dimensions." [] comment: Definition: A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with two dimensions. is_a: snap:SpatialRegion ! spatial_region property_value: has_example "the surface of a cube-shaped part of space" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the surface of a rectilinear planar figure-shaped part of space" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the surface of a sphere-shaped part of space" xsd:string [Term] id: snap:ZeroDimensionalRegion name: zero_dimensional_region def: "A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with no dimensions." [] comment: Definition: A spatial region [snap:SpatialRegion] with no dimensions. is_a: snap:SpatialRegion ! spatial_region property_value: has_example "a point" xsd:string [Term] id: span:ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion name: connected_spatiotemporal_region def: "A spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] that has temporal and spatial dimensions such that all points within the spatiotemporal region are mediately or immediately connected to all other points within the same spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion]." [] comment: Definition: A spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] that has temporal and spatial dimensions such that all points within the spatiotemporal region are mediately or immediately connected to all other points within the same spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion]. is_a: span:SpatiotemporalRegion ! spatiotemporal_region property_value: has_example "the spatial and temporal location of an individual organism's life" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the spatial and temporal location of the development of a fetus" xsd:string [Term] id: span:ConnectedTemporalRegion name: connected_temporal_region def: "A temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] every point of which is mediately or immediately connected with every other point of which." [] comment: Definition: A temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] every point of which is mediately or immediately connected with every other point of which. is_a: span:TemporalRegion ! temporal region property_value: has_example "the 1970s years" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the time from the beginning to the end of a heart attack" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the time taken up by cellular meiosis" xsd:string [Term] id: span:FiatProcessPart name: fiat_process_part def: "A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is part of a process but that does not have bona fide beginnings and endings corresponding to real discontinuities." [] comment: Definition: A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is part of a process but that does not have bona fide beginnings and endings corresponding to real discontinuities. is_a: span:ProcessualEntity ! processual_entity property_value: has_example "chewing during a meal" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the middle part of a rainstorm" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the most interesting part of Van Gogh's life" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the worst part of a heart-attack" xsd:string [Term] id: span:Occurrent name: occurrent def: "An entity [bfo:Entity] that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. Sometimes also called perdurants." [] comment: Definition: An entity [bfo:Entity] that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. Sometimes also called perdurants. synonym: "perdurant" RELATED [] is_a: bfo:Entity ! entity property_value: has_example "a surgical operation as processual context for a nosocomical infection" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the life of an organism" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the most interesting part of Van Gogh's life" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the spatiotemporal context occupied by a process of cellular meiosis" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor" xsd:string [Term] id: span:Process name: process def: "A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is a maximally connected spatiotemporal whole and has bona fide beginnings and endings corresponding to real discontinuities." [BFO:span\:Process] is_a: span:ProcessualEntity ! processual_entity [Term] id: span:ProcessAggregate name: process_aggregate def: "A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is a mereological sum of process [span:Process] entities and possesses non-connected boundaries." [] comment: Definition: A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is a mereological sum of process [span:Process] entities and possesses non-connected boundaries. is_a: span:ProcessualEntity ! processual_entity property_value: has_example "a process of digestion and a process of thinking taken together" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the beating of the hearts of each of seven individuals in the room" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the playing of each of the members of an orchestra" xsd:string [Term] id: span:ProcessBoundary name: process_boundary def: "A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is the fiat or bona fide instantaneous temporal process boundary." [] comment: Definition: A processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] that is the fiat or bona fide instantaneous temporal process boundary. is_a: span:ProcessualEntity ! processual_entity property_value: has_example "birth" xsd:string property_value: has_example "death" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the detaching of a finger in an industrial accident" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the final separation of two cells at the end of cell-division" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the forming of a synapse" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the incision at the beginning of a surgery" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the onset of REM sleep" xsd:string [Term] id: span:ProcessualContext name: processual_context def: "An occurrent [span:Occurrent] consisting of a characteristic spatial shape inhering in some arrangement of other occurrent [span:Occurrent] entities. Processual context [span:ProcessualContext] entities are characteristically entities at or in which other occurrent [span:Occurrent] entities can be located or occur." [] comment: Comment: An instance of a processual context [span:ProcessualContext] is a mixture of processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] which stand as surrounding environments for other processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] entities. The class processual context [span:ProcessualContext] is the analogous among occurrent [span:Occurrent] entities to the class site [snap:Site] among continuant [snap:Continuant] entities. is_a: span:ProcessualEntity ! processual_entity property_value: has_example "The processual context for a given manipulation occurring as part of an experiment is made of processual entities which occur in parallel" xsd:string property_value: has_example "are not necessarily all parts of the experiment themselves and may involve continuant [snap:Continuant] entities which are in the spatial vicinity of the participants in the experiment." xsd:string [Term] id: span:ProcessualEntity name: processual_entity def: "An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts and always involves and depends on some entity." [] comment: Definition: An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts and always involves and depends on some entity. is_a: span:Occurrent ! occurrent property_value: has_example "the course of a disease" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the flight of a bird" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the life of an organism" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the process of meiosis" xsd:string [Term] id: span:ScatteredSpatiotemporalRegion name: scattered_spatiotemporal_region def: "A spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] that has spatial and temporal dimensions and every spatial and temporal point of which is not connected with every other spatial and temporal point of which." [] comment: Definition: A spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] that has spatial and temporal dimensions and every spatial and temporal point of which is not connected with every other spatial and temporal point of which. is_a: span:SpatiotemporalRegion ! spatiotemporal_region property_value: has_example "the space and time occupied by the individual games of the World Cup" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the space and time occupied by the individual liaisons in a romantic affair" xsd:string [Term] id: span:ScatteredTemporalRegion name: scattered_temporal_region def: "A temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] every point of which is not mediately or immediately connected with every other point of which." [] comment: Definition: A temporal region [span:TemporalRegion] every point of which is not mediately or immediately connected with every other point of which. is_a: span:TemporalRegion ! temporal region property_value: has_example "the time occupied by the individual games of the World Cup" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the time occupied by the individual liaisons in a romantic affair" xsd:string [Term] id: span:SpatiotemporalInstant name: spatiotemporal_instant def: "A connected spatiotemporal region [span:ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion] at a specific moment." [] comment: Definition: A connected spatiotemporal region [span:ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion] at a specific moment. is_a: span:ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion ! connected_spatiotemporal_region property_value: has_example "the spatiotemporal region occupied by a single instantaneous temporal slice (part) of a process" xsd:string [Term] id: span:SpatiotemporalInterval name: spatiotemporal_interval def: "A connected spatiotemporal region [span:ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion] that endures for more than a single moment of time." [] comment: Definition: A connected spatiotemporal region [span:ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion] that endures for more than a single moment of time. is_a: span:ConnectedSpatiotemporalRegion ! connected_spatiotemporal_region property_value: has_example "the spatiotemporal region occupied by a process or by a fiat processual part" xsd:string [Term] id: span:SpatiotemporalRegion name: spatiotemporal_region def: "An occurrent [span:Occurrent] at or in which processual entity [span:ProcessualEntity] entities can be located." [] comment: Comment: All instances of occurrent [span:Occurrent] are spatiotemporal entities, that is, they enter in the relation of (spatiotemporal) location with spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] entities. As a particular case, the exact spatiotemporal location of a spatiotemporal region [span:SpatiotemporalRegion] is this region itself. is_a: span:Occurrent ! occurrent property_value: has_example "the spatiotemporal context occupied by a process of cellular meiosis" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the spatiotemporal region occupied by a human life" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor" xsd:string [Term] id: span:TemporalInstant name: temporal_instant def: "A connected temporal region [span:ConnectedTemporalRegion] comprising a single moment of time." [] comment: Definition: A connected temporal region [span:ConnectedTemporalRegion] comprising a single moment of time. is_a: span:ConnectedTemporalRegion ! connected_temporal_region property_value: has_example "right now" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the moment at which a child is born" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident" xsd:string property_value: has_example "the moment of death" xsd:string [Term] id: span:TemporalInterval name: temporal_interval def: "A connected temporal region [span:ConnectedTemporalRegion] lasting for more than a single moment of time." [] comment: Definition: A connected temporal region [span:ConnectedTemporalRegion] lasting for more than a single moment of time. is_a: span:ConnectedTemporalRegion ! connected_temporal_region property_value: has_example "any continuous temporal duration during which a process occurs" xsd:string [Term] id: span:TemporalRegion name: temporal region def: "An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that is part of time." [BFO:span\:TemporalRegion] is_a: span:Occurrent ! occurrent [Term] id: VO:0000002 name: vaccination def: "Vaccination is: an 'administering substance in vivo' that involves in adding vaccine into a host (e.g., human, mouse) in vivo with the intent to invoke a protective immune response." [VO:Authors] synonym: "even vaccine" RELATED [] synonym: "first vaccination" RELATED [] synonym: "other vaccines" RELATED [] synonym: "such vaccination" RELATED [] synonym: "such vaccines" RELATED [] synonym: "third vaccination" RELATED [] synonym: "Vaccination" RELATED [] synonym: "Vaccinations" RELATED [] synonym: "vaccinations" RELATED [] synonym: "vaccinators" RELATED [] synonym: "vaccine" RELATED [] synonym: "vaccine was well" RELATED [] synonym: "vaccinees" RELATED [] synonym: "vaccines" RELATED [] synonym: "Vaccines" RELATED [] synonym: "VE" RELATED [] is_a: VSMO:0000031 ! protection process relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000182 ! pathogen reservoir management created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-08-06T10:51:19Z [Term] id: VO:0003021 name: oral vaccination def: "Vaccination process that occurs in oral route." [VO:Authors] is_a: VO:0000002 ! vaccination created_by: YL creation_date: 2010-03-15T01:43:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000000 name: pathogen isolation def: "The process of material separation to recover the fraction of a pathogenic microorganism of a given taxon from an input material\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis can be achieved by growing a pathogenic organism for some period of time in a suitable medium, culture or laboratory animal host. This method often is complemented by additional confirmation by other identification methods. One benefit of pathogen isolation is that it demonstrates the presence of a viable pathogen in the source material or animal." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000094 ! material processing created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-20T03:11:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000001 name: arthropod egg stage def: "The inactive first metamorphic stage (egg) of the arthopod life cycle." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000020 ! life stage of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000223 ! life course of ametabolous insect relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000229 ! life course of holometabolous insect relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000241 ! life course of paurometabolous insect relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000254 ! life course of hard tick relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000255 ! life course of soft tick relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000256 ! life course of mite created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-20T03:33:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000002 name: arthropod adult stage def: "The final, reproductive stage (adult female or male) of the arthropod life cycle. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe female may or may not be parasitic (mites), may engage in blood feeding and oviposition on a single occasion (hard ticks), or may engage in blood feeding and ovipositionon multiple occasions (ametabolous insects, holometabolous insects, paurometabolous insects, and soft ticks)." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000020 ! life stage of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000223 ! life course of ametabolous insect relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000229 ! life course of holometabolous insect relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000241 ! life course of paurometabolous insect relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000254 ! life course of hard tick relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000255 ! life course of soft tick relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000256 ! life course of mite created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-20T03:34:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000003 name: synergist for insecticide formulation def: "A chemical compound that can be used to enhance the killing efficacy of an insecticide formulation." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000011 ! chemical compound created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-10-15T11:01:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000004 name: surveillance process def: "A planned process with the objective to produce information about some evaluant with the purpose of, if justified by the information gathered, managing, directing, or protecting." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000011 ! planned process created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-13T03:10:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000005 name: management process def: "A planned process where activities are organized and coordinated with the objective of accomplishing a goal\n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples of management goals are to reduce contact between vectors and pathogen reservoirs or between vectors and humans or domestic animals." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000011 ! planned process created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-13T04:12:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000006 name: Apicomplexa def: "Any protozoan of the Phylum Apicomplexa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nApicomplexans are eucaryotic alveolates." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:5864 is_a: VSMO:0000054 ! eukaryotic microorganism created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-07-31T04:31:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000007 name: developmental stage namespace: biological_process def: "The biological process comprised of a single metamorphic stage (life stage) or its sub-stages." [VSMO:Authors] xref: FBdv:00005259 "FlyBase development CV" xref: FBdv:00007010 "FlyBase development CV" is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological process created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-13T05:42:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000008 name: estimate def: "Quality in the form of an approximation of the value, number, quantity, or extent of one or several types of objects." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Quality ! quality created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-11-29T10:11:14Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000009 name: arthropod infection status def: "Quality of individual arthropod which defines its pathogen infection status." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000203 ! quality of individual arthropod created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-08-14T04:14:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000010 name: bacterial aggregate def: "Aggregate of microorganisms in the form of bacteria of a given taxon that are present within an individual organism." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000046 ! microorganism aggregate created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-10-03T12:05:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000011 name: chemical compound def: "A material with a definite chemical composition." [IDOMAL:0000672] is_a: snap:Object ! object created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-07T04:57:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000012 name: chemical pesticide active substance def: "A pharmaceutically active chemical substance used for killing pests (including insects, mites and ticks serving as vectors of human pathogens)." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-07T04:58:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000013 name: collection of aquatic arthropods def: "The process of gathering arthropods from an aquatic environment." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001445 ! collection of arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-08-14T12:04:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000014 name: biological control agent role def: "A role borne by an organism in virtue of having a killing disposition toward a targeted pest." [VSMO:Authors] comment: The role is realized in the killing and/or population reduction of a target pest organisms. is_a: snap:Role ! role created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-11-30T11:43:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000015 name: Tabanus lineola def: "A tabanid fly of Genus Tabanus with the species designation of lineola.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nElaeophora schneideri" [ISBN:0851994733] is_a: VSMO:0002567 ! Tabanus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-05-08T11:14:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000016 name: estimate of infection def: "An approximation of infection in a group of organisms." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000008 ! estimate created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-04T03:10:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000017 name: estimate of abundance def: "An approximation of the abundance of one or several types of objects." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000008 ! estimate created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-04T03:15:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000018 name: Hybomitra def: "Hybomitra is a Genus in Family Tabanidae." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:124690 is_a: VSMO:0001832 ! Tabanidae created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-05-08T11:16:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000019 name: vector control def: "A process aiming to reduce the number of arthropods capable of serving as pathogen vectors." [] is_a: OBI:0600006 ! killing created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-04T03:50:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000020 name: life stage of arthropod namespace: biological_process def: "Any life stage of an arthropod." [VSMO:authors] is_a: VSMO:0000007 ! developmental stage created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-31T11:30:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000021 name: equipment def: "Object that can be used to complete a process.\n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples of processes where equipment is used include collection of arthropods and broadcast of a pesticide." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Object ! object created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-07T05:24:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000022 name: equipment for collection of arthropods def: "Equipment used in the process of collecting arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000021 ! equipment created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-07T05:25:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000023 name: equipment for management of vectors def: "Equipment used in the process of managing arthropods capable of serving as pathogen vectors by killing them or preventing vector-host contact." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000021 ! equipment created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-07T05:25:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000024 name: Hybomitra aatos def: "A tabanid fly of Genus Hybomitra with the species designation of aatos.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nElaeophora schneideri" [ISBN:0851994733] is_a: VSMO:0000018 ! Hybomitra created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-05-08T11:17:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000025 name: morphological assay namespace: OBI def: "An assay to produce information about the form and structure of an organism or its parts." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000070 ! assay created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-31T11:46:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000026 name: Arthropoda def: "Invertebrate animal belonging to the Phylum Arthropoda.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called arthropod." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: "arthropod" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:6656 is_a: OBI:0100026 ! organism created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T09:18:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000027 name: Insecta def: "Insecta is a Class within Phylum Arthropoda." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: "insect" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:50557 is_a: VSMO:0000026 ! Arthropoda created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T09:18:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000028 name: Ceratopogonidae def: "Ceratopogonidae is a Family in Order Diptera.\n\nCOMMENT: \nAlso called biting midges." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: "biting midges" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:41819 is_a: VSMO:0000554 ! Diptera created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T09:19:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000029 name: Getah virus def: "A virus of Genus Alphavirus with the designation of Getah virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in horses. Occurs in Asia and Australia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:59300 is_a: VSMO:0001204 ! Alphavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000379 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000691 ! Aedes vexans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000707 ! Culex tritaeniorhynchus creation_date: 2012-05-08T11:53:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000030 name: marking process def: "The process of giving a mark." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000094 ! material processing relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0001322 ! marking of arthropod created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-05T04:07:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000031 name: protection process def: "A planned process with the objective to keep something from coming to harm." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000011 ! planned process created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-05T04:42:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000032 name: pesticide function def: "The function of a substance realized when it kills pests.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIn common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests." [VSMO:Authors] xref: CHEBI:25944 is_a: snap:Function ! function created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-06T12:14:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000033 name: pest repellent function def: "The function of a device or substance realized when it prevents pests from approaching an air volume or settling on a treated substrate." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Function ! function created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-06T12:21:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000034 name: clothing def: "A manufacture material designed to be worn on the body." [VSMO:Authors] relationship: OBO_REL:has_function VSMO:0000416 ! protection from vector function created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-06T01:43:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000035 name: immunochemical assay def: "An assay to produce information about an immunologically reactive substance." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000070 ! assay created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-31T01:16:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000036 name: genetic assay def: "An assay to produce information about some genetic material." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000070 ! assay created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-31T01:39:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000037 name: organism based assay def: "An assay to produce information about some whole organism." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000070 ! assay created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-12-31T01:47:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000038 name: Ixodidae def: "Ixodidae is a Family in Order Acari. \n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called hard ticks." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: "hard ticks" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:6939 is_a: VSMO:0000616 ! Acari created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T09:26:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000039 name: Argasidae def: "Argasidae is a Family in Order Acari. \n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called soft ticks." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: "soft ticks" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:6936 is_a: VSMO:0000616 ! Acari created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T09:26:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000040 name: Bwamba virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of Bwamba virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Belongs to the Bwamba Serogroup of Orthobunyavirus. Includes the subtype Pongola virus. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:35310 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002231 ! Aedes circumluteolus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-05-08T12:04:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000041 name: Trombiculidae def: "Trombiculidae is a Family in Order Acari.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called trombiculid mites." [ISBN:0124732763, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "trombiculid mites" RELATED [] xref: NCBITaxon:92251 is_a: VSMO:0000616 ! Acari created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T09:27:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000042 name: microorganism def: "An organism of microscopic or ultramicroscopic size." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0100026 ! organism created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T09:29:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000043 name: Bacteria def: "Any microorganism of a domain - the superkingdom of Bacteria - of prokaryotic round, spiral, or rod shaped single celled microorganisms.\n\nCOMMENT: \nBacteria may lack cell walls or are gram positive or gram negative if they have cell walls." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:2 is_a: VSMO:0000042 ! microorganism created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T09:30:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000044 name: Kinetoplastida def: "Any protozoan of the Order Kinetoplastida.\n\nCOMMENT:\nKinetoplasts are eucaryotic Euglenozoa." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:5653 is_a: VSMO:0000054 ! eukaryotic microorganism created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T09:31:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000045 name: viruses def: "Any microorganism of a domain - the superkingdom of viruses - of submicroscopic infective agents that are regarded either as extremely simple microorganisms or as extremely complex molecules." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:10239 is_a: VSMO:0000042 ! microorganism created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T09:31:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000046 name: microorganism aggregate def: "Object aggregate in the form of microorganisms of a given taxon." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:ObjectAggregate ! object_aggregate created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T11:27:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000047 name: estimation of pathogen infection prevalence or rate in vertebrates def: "Pathogen surveillance process aiming to determine the prevalence or rate of examined vertebrates of a given taxon that are infected with a pathogen of a given taxon." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000139 ! estimation of pathogen infection in vertebrates created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-08-14T10:17:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000048 name: bacterial load of arthropod def: "Quality of individual arthropod in the form of the number of bacteria of a given taxon that are present within an individual arthropod." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000203 ! quality of individual arthropod created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T11:28:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000049 name: parasite load of arthropod def: "The number of parasites of a given taxon that are present within an individual arthropod." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000203 ! quality of individual arthropod created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T11:29:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000050 name: sporozoite load of arthropod def: "The number of sporozoites of a given parasite taxon that are present within an individual arthropod.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOften measured as the total number of sporozoites present in the salivary glands of a single infected arthropod." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000049 ! parasite load of arthropod created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T11:29:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000051 name: viral load of arthropod def: "Quality of individual arthropod in the form of the number of viral particles of a given taxon that are present within an individual arthropod." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000203 ! quality of individual arthropod created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T11:30:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000052 name: Hepatozoon def: "Hepatozoon is a Genus of Phylum Apicomplexa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nHepatozoon is a Genus in the Family Hepatozoidae of Order Eucoccidiorida." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:75741 is_a: VSMO:0000006 ! Apicomplexa created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-05-08T12:20:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000053 name: estimation of the quantity of infected vertebrates def: "Pathogen surveillance process aiming to determine the quantity of vertebrates of a given taxon that are infected with a pathogen of a given taxon." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000139 ! estimation of pathogen infection in vertebrates created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-08-14T10:18:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000054 name: eukaryotic microorganism def: "Any microorganism of a domain - the superkingdom of Eukaryota - whose cells contain complex structures enclosed within membranes.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe eucaryotic cell has a nuclear membrane that surrounds the nucleus, in which the well-defined chromosomes are located." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:2759 is_a: VSMO:0000042 ! microorganism created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-07-31T04:23:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000055 name: parasitemia def: "An infection that has as part parasites located in the blood." [VSMO:Authors] xref: DOID: 2293 is_a: VSMO:0000193 ! parasite aggregate created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T11:33:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000056 name: gametocytemia def: "An infection that has as part gametocytes located in the blood." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000055 ! parasitemia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T11:58:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000057 name: Hepatozoon canis def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Hepatozoon with the species designation of canis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (hepatozoonosis) in dogs. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733] xref: NCBITaxon:110120 is_a: VSMO:0000052 ! Hepatozoon relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-05-08T12:25:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000058 name: indoor environmental vector control def: "Change of the physical environment of a home or other building with the goal to reduce the number of arthropods capable of serving as pathogen vectors." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000019 ! vector control relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000164 ! vector management created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-08-14T11:11:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000059 name: arthropod aggregate def: "Object aggregate in the form of a group of arthropods of a given taxon." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:ObjectAggregate ! object_aggregate created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:01:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000060 name: pathogen detection def: "Process to detect a pathogenic organism.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPathogen detection includes testing of samples with PCR, ELISA and other methods." [VSMO:authors] is_a: OBI:0000070 ! assay created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-08-06T10:13:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000061 name: estimation of off -host arthropod abundance def: "Process to quantify the numbers of off-host individuals of an arthropod species based on a dimensionless abundance measure.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAbundance is a dimensionless, relative quantity used to describe the number of vector individuals in one population compared to those in another population. It is used most commonly for the human-biting life stages of the vectors (adults for insect vectors and larvae, nymphs or adults for tick vectors) but also can be used to quantify immatures in aquatic samples (for example dips for mosquito larvae). Examples include abundance of a mosquito vector per trap night, abundance of a mosquito vector per home examined using pyrethrum spray catch, abundance of mosquito larvae per dip and abundance of a tick vector per man-hour of drag sampling." [ISBN:0195073134, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000171 ! determination of off-host arthropod abundance created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:24:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000062 name: estimation of vector density def: "Process to quantify the numbers of off-host individuals of an arthropod species based on a density measure of individuals per unit area, unit length, or unit volume. \n\nCOMMENT:\nAn examples is the density of a tick species per 100 square meters." [ISBN:0195073134, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000171 ! determination of off-host arthropod abundance created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:24:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000063 name: absolute density of arthropods off-host def: "Measure relating to aggregate of off-host arthropods, which quantifies their absolute density per unit area, unit length, or unit volume.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMeasuring absolute density is essential for the proper construction of life budgets but often is very difficult and work intensive." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000066 ! measure relating to enumeration of aggregate of arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:25:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000064 name: Hepatozoon americanum def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Hepatozoon with the species designation of americanum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (hepatozoonosis) in dogs. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:0851994733] xref: NCBITaxon:110119 is_a: VSMO:0000052 ! Hepatozoon relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000816 ! Amblyomma maculatum created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-05-08T12:28:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000065 name: relative density of arthropods off-host def: "Measure relating to aggregate of off-host arthropods, which quantifies their relative density per unit area, unit length, or unit volume based on a standard collection method. \n\nCOMMENT:\nCommonly used as an alternative to absolute density. An example of a relative density measure is the number of host-seeking ticks of a given taxon and life stage collected per 100 square meters of sampling the vegetation using a standard tick drag." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000066 ! measure relating to enumeration of aggregate of arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:27:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000066 name: measure relating to enumeration of aggregate of arthropods def: "Measure relating to enumeration of an aggregate of arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000264 ! measure relating to aggregate of arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-08-15T10:22:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000067 name: abundance estimate for arthropod eggs off-host def: "Measure relating to aggregate of arthropod eggs, which quantifies their relative number based on a standard collection method. \n\nCOMMENT:\nOviposition traps can be used to estimate how commonly egg laying females are present. Due to skip oviposition in some species, it may be prudent to restrict data analyses to ovitraps being positive or negative for eggs rather using numbers of eggs." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000066 ! measure relating to enumeration of aggregate of arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:28:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000068 name: prevalence of ovitraps with mosquito eggs def: "Abundance estimate for arthropod eggs, which quantifies the percentage of examined ovitraps that contain eggs." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000067 ! abundance estimate for arthropod eggs off-host created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:29:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000069 name: abundance estimate for mosquito immatures def: "Measure relating to aggregate of mosquito immatures, which quantifies their relative number based on a standard collection method. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThese estimates are typically based on removal sampling. One example is the number of mosquito larvae collected per dip with a standard dipper. Several indices have been developed for abundance of immatures of mosquito species that exploit water holding containers as larval development sites, such as Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. This includes the traditional Stegomyia indices and more recently developed pupal indices. Stated reasons for using pupal indices include that (i) absolute counts of pupae are feasible in most domestic settings, (ii) larval indices do not account for variable mortality of the larval stage (based on crowding, variable food supply etc) which can impact container productivity, whereas pupal mortality is slight and less variable, and (iii) the number of pupae per person is highly positively correlated with the number of adult mosquitoes per person." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000066 ! measure relating to enumeration of aggregate of arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:31:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000070 name: breteau index def: "Abundance measure for arthropod immatures, designated the breteau index (BI), which denotes the number of containers positive for larvae, pupae or immatures per 100 examined premises. \n\nCOMMENT:\nUsing larvae as the example, the BI is calculated as: number of containers with larvae/number of premises examined*100." [ISBN:0851991343, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000069 ! abundance estimate for mosquito immatures created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:33:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000071 name: container index def: "Abundance measure for arthropod immatures, designated the container index (CI), which denotes the percentage of water-holding containers positive for larvae, pupae or immatures. \n\nCOMMENT:\nUsing larvae as the example, the CI is calculated as: number of containers with larvae/number of water-holding containers*100." [ISBN:0851991343, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000069 ! abundance estimate for mosquito immatures created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:33:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000072 name: house index def: "Abundance measure for arthropod immatures, designated the house index (HI), which denotes the percentage of houses examined with containers positive for larvae, pupae or immatures. \n\nCOMMENT:\nUsing larvae as the example, the HI is calculated as: number of premises with larvae/number of premises visited*100." [ISBN:0851991343, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000069 ! abundance estimate for mosquito immatures created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:33:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000073 name: pupae per hectare def: "Abundance measure for arthropod pupae, which is designated pupae per hectare and calculated as the total number of pupae collected divided by the total area in hectares for examined premises." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000069 ! abundance estimate for mosquito immatures created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:34:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000074 name: pupae per person def: "Abundance measure for arthropod pupae, which is designated pupae per person and calculated as the total number of pupae collected divided by the total number of residents for examined premises." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000069 ! abundance estimate for mosquito immatures created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:35:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000075 name: pupal index def: "Abundance measure for arthropod pupae, which is designated the pupal index and calculated as the total number of pupae collected divided by the number of premises visited and then multiplied by factor of 100." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000069 ! abundance estimate for mosquito immatures created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:36:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000076 name: protection against arthropod bites def: "A protection process with the objective of preventing arthropod bites." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000031 ! protection process created_by: slozano creation_date: 2013-01-17T10:51:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000077 name: intensity of host infestation by arthropods def: "Estimate relating to aggregate of arthropods on-host, which is calculated as the number of arthropods divided by the number of infested hosts." [ISBN:0195073134, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000066 ! measure relating to enumeration of aggregate of arthropods relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002028 ! measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:38:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000078 name: abundance of arthropods per host def: "Measure relating to aggregate of arthropods on-host, which is calculated as the total number of arthropods divided by the total number of hosts examined.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called mean density per host or population intensity." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000066 ! measure relating to enumeration of aggregate of arthropods relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002028 ! measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:38:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000079 name: specific flea index def: "On-host abundance measure for an aggregate of fleas which is calculated as the average number of fleas of a given taxon on a given vertebrate host taxon.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA specific flea index greater than 1 for the Yersinia pestis flea vector Xenopsylla cheopis on rats is considered a dangerously high infestation level potentially resulting in a rat plague epizootic." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000078 ! abundance of arthropods per host created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:39:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000080 name: prevalence of host infestation by arthropods def: "Estimate relating to aggregate of arthropods on-host, which is calculated as the percentage of all examined hosts that are infested by arthropods." [ISBN:0195073134, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000066 ! measure relating to enumeration of aggregate of arthropods relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002028 ! measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:40:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000082 name: Haemaphysalis cuspidata def: "A hard tick of Genus Haemaphysalis with the species designation of cuspidata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia. \nVector of:\nKyasanur Forest disease virus" [ISBN:0851994733, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] is_a: VSMO:0002621 ! Haemaphysalis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-05-08T01:00:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000084 name: arthropod population def: "A group of spatially clustered individuals of a given arthropod species." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] xref: biotop:ArthropodPopulation is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:44:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000085 name: genetic arthropod population def: "A group of individuals of a given arthropod species among which there are no barriers to mating or to gene flow." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: IDO:0000509 ! organism population created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:49:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000086 name: estimation of pathogen infection in arthropods def: "Pathogen surveillance process aiming to determine the approximate number of arthropods that are infected with a particular pathogen.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPrevalence, rate or quantity of arthropods of a given taxon that are infected with a pathogen of a given taxon, and the efficiency with which the arthropods transmit the pathogen to susceptible vertebrate hosts." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000070 ! assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0001959 ! pathogen surveillance created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:53:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000087 name: estimation of pathogen infection prevalence or rate in arthropods def: "Pathogen surveillance process aiming to determine the prevalence or rate of examined arthropods of a given taxon that are infected with a pathogen of a given taxon." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000086 ! estimation of pathogen infection in arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T12:54:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000089 name: infection rate for pooled samples def: "Infection rate based on testing for presence of a given pathogen in pooled samples of multiple individuals.\n\nCOMMENT:\nWhen the infection rate can be assumed to be very low, testing for presence of the pathogen often is accomplished using samples containing multiple pooled individuals. This is common practice for surveillance of arboviruses in mosquitoes. For example, testing for West Nile virus commonly is done with pools containing up to 50 female mosquitoes." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: IDO:0000484 ! infection incidence rate created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T01:00:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000090 name: minimum infection rate def: "Variation of infection rate for pooled samples, designated the minimum infection rate (MIR), which is based on the assumption that each pool testing positive for the pathogen contains only a single infected individual.\n\nCOMMENT:\nUsed commonly for insects and typically expressed as infection rate per 1,000 individuals. The minimum infection rate is problematic when pool size is large or infection rate is high." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000089 ! infection rate for pooled samples created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T01:01:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000091 name: maximum likelihood estimate infection rate def: "Variation of infection rate for pooled samples, designated the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE), which accounts for variable pool sizes in the rate calculation.\n\nCOMMENT:\nUsed commonly for insects and typically expressed as infection rate per 1,000 individuals. Can be calculated using the Excel Add In PooledInfRate, version 3.0 which was developed by Brad Biggerstaf of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA)." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000089 ! infection rate for pooled samples created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-11T01:02:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000092 name: Simulium innocens def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of innocens.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America. \nVector of:\nLeucocytozoon simondi" [ISBN:0851994733, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-05-08T01:56:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000099 name: Simulium fallisi def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of fallisi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Europe. \nVector of:\nLeucocytozoon simondi" [ISBN:0851994733, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-05-08T01:58:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000101 name: estimation of the quantity of infected arthropods def: "Pathogen surveillance process aiming to determine the quantity of arthropods of a given taxon that are infected with a pathogen of a given taxon." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000086 ! estimation of pathogen infection in arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T09:57:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000102 name: abundance of infected arthropods def: "Measure relating to aggregate of off-host arthropods, which refers to the number of individuals in one population estimated to be infected with a given pathogen as compared to those in another population. \n\nCOMMENT:\nAbundance of infected arthropods commonly is calculated as the abundance of the arthropod times the pathogen infection rate determined for a subset of the collected arthropods. Examples include abundance of infected mosquitoes per trap night and abundance of infected ticks per hour of drag sampling." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000142 ! measure relating to infection in aggregate of arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T09:58:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000103 name: acarological risk index def: "Measure relating to aggregate of off-host arthropods of Order Acari (ticks or mites), which refers to the relative density of infected individuals, expressed as infected ticks per unit area or distance to encounter an infected tick." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000142 ! measure relating to infection in aggregate of arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T10:39:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000104 name: density of infected arthropods def: "Measure relating to aggregate of off-host arthropods, which refers to the estimated number of individuals per unit area, unit length, or unit volume that are infected with a given pathogen. \n\nCOMMENT:\nDensity of infected arthropods commonly is calculated as the relative density of the arthropod times the pathogen infection rate determined for a subset of the collected arthropods. Examples include density of infected ticks per 100 square meters." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000142 ! measure relating to infection in aggregate of arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T10:39:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000105 name: entomological risk index def: "Measure relating to aggregate of off-host arthropods, designated the entomological risk index, which refers to their abundance or relative density. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe term entomological risk index (ERI) has been used for quantification of the abundance or relative density of infected ticks. The entomological risk index can be calculated as tick abundance (per unit time of sampling) or r tick relative density (per unit area) times the pathogen infection rate. It is expressed as infected ticks per minute of sampling (abundance) or infected ticks per 100 square meter sampled (relative density)." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000142 ! measure relating to infection in aggregate of arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T10:40:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000106 name: vector index def: "Measure relating to aggregate of arthropods, designated the vector index, which refers to the abundance of pathogen-infected individuals. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe term Vector Index has come into use for surveillance of mosquitoes in the United States for viruses such as West Nile virus. The Vector Index is a variation on abundance of infected arthropods and aims to quantify the average number of infected mosquitoes collected per trap night. The Vector Index typically is calculated as the mean abundance of female mosquitoes of a given taxon collected per trap night times the estimated proportion of tested females that are infected with the pathogen of interest." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000142 ! measure relating to infection in aggregate of arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T10:40:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000107 name: determination of infection with filarial worm def: "Examination of a mosquito for the presence of internal parasites in the form of filarial worms.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAn infection with filarial worms may be used, based on the parasite life stage present, to determine the minimum number of days the mosquito has survived after ingesting infective blood." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001312 ! determination of infection with internal parasite created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T01:58:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000108 name: vector competence def: "Quality of arthropod species, which refers to the intrinsic ability of the species to biologically transmit a pathogen." [VSMO:Authors] xref: IDOMAL:0001295 is_a: snap:Disposition ! disposition created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T10:43:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000109 name: vector efficiency def: "Measure relating to aggregate of arthropods, which refers to how efficiently a pathogen is transmitted by infected vectors of a given arthropod species. \n\nCOMMENT:\nNeeds to account for the extrinsic incubation period in vectors that take multiple blood meals in a single life stage (such as female fleas, reduviid bugs, mosquitoes or sand flies) or for transstadial passage of the pathogen from one life stage to the next for hard ticks (ixodid ticks) which take only a single blood meal per life stage. Because the terminology is poorly harmonized between different vectors, a breakdown by vector group is presented." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000264 ! measure relating to aggregate of arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T10:43:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000110 name: vector efficiency of insect def: "Measure of vector efficiency developed for mosquito vectors and applicable also to other insect vectors." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000109 ! vector efficiency created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T10:44:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000111 name: basic reproductive rate for infected insect vector def: "Measure for vector efficiency of insects, designated the basic reproductive rate (R0), which refers to the transmissibility or spreading potential of an infectious agent in a population of insect vectors or vertebrates. \n\nCOMMENT:\nIn the case of insect vectors, it is defined as the average number of infected vectors in a totally susceptible population during a defined time period. Conceptually, R0 = b x k x D, where b is the infectivity rate of the vector, k is the number of potentially infectious contacts the average infected vector has per unit time and D is the duration of infectivity (infectious period) of the vector. If R0 < 1, then every new generation of infection will affect fewer individuals, and eventually the disease agent will disappear from the vector population." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000110 ! vector efficiency of insect created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T10:45:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000112 name: entomological inoculation rate def: "Measure for vector efficiency of insects, designated the entomological inoculation rate (EIR), which estimates the number of infectious bites received per day by a human or, equivalently, the human biting rate (the number of bites per person per day by vectors) multiplied by the fraction of vectors that are infectious (infectivity rate)." [VSMO:Authors] xref: IDOMAL:0000411 is_a: VSMO:0000110 ! vector efficiency of insect created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T10:46:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000113 name: insect vector infectivity rate def: "Measure for vector efficiency of insects which refers to the proportion of insect vectors that are infectious, i.e. capable of transmitting a given pathogen while feeding. \n\nCOMMENT:\nIn mosquitoes, this rate often is approximated by examination of salivary glands or heads rather than by the more accurate but far more work intensive methods of feeding mosquitoes on susceptible hosts or examining expelled saliva." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000110 ! vector efficiency of insect created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T10:47:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000114 name: insect vector sporozoite rate def: "Insect vector infectivity rate which refers specifically to sporozoites of protozoan parasites." [VSMO:Authors] xref: IDOMAL:0000407 is_a: VSMO:0000113 ! insect vector infectivity rate created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T10:47:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000115 name: insect vectorial capacity def: "Measure for vector efficiency of insects which refers to the average number of potentially infective bites that will ultimately be delivered by all the vectors feeding on a single infectious host in 1 day. \n\nCOMMENT:\nBasically, vectorial capacity is the product of three components: feeding, survival rate and the length of the extrinsic incubation period. Vectorial capacity commonly is expressed by Macdonalds equation." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] xref: IDOMAL:0000412 xref: IDOMAL:0001294 is_a: VSMO:0000110 ! vector efficiency of insect created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T10:48:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000118 name: Simulium croxtoni def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of croxtoni.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nLeucocytozoon smithi" [ISBN:0851994733, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] xref: NCBITaxon:626797 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-05-08T02:05:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000126 name: vector efficiency of hard tick def: "Measure of vector efficiency developed for hard tick vectors." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000109 ! vector efficiency created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T12:40:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000127 name: tick vector infectivity rate def: "Measure for vector efficiency of hard ticks which refers to the proportion of ticks of a given species that are infectious, i.e. capable of transmitting a given pathogen while feeding on a susceptible host." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000126 ! vector efficiency of hard tick created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T12:41:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000128 name: specific tick vector infectivity rate def: "The efficiency with which a pathogen is transmitted from a tick of a given species and life stage to a particular vertebrate species." [ISBN:0851996329, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000127 ! tick vector infectivity rate created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T12:42:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000129 name: tick vector capacity def: "Measure for vector efficiency of hard ticks which refers to the absolute contribution made by a particular tick species to the natural prevalence of infection with a given pathogen among susceptible vertebrates in a certain area. \n\nCOMMENT:\nDetermination of the vector capacity of a given tick species should include quantitative data on its abundance or density, the percentage of infected ticks, the likelihood that an infected tick transmits the pathogen, and tick infestation rates of susceptible hosts." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000126 ! vector efficiency of hard tick created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T12:42:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000130 name: relative tick vector capacity def: "The proportional contribution made by a particular tick species to the natural prevalence among susceptible vertebrates in a certain area in relation to that of other examined tick species." [ISBN:0851996329, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000129 ! tick vector capacity created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T12:43:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000132 name: arthropod host blood index def: "Measure relating to aggregate of off-host arthropods, designated the host blood index, which is defined as the proportion of examined arthropods containing blood from a given vertebrate host species." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000140 ! measure relating to host blood in aggregate of arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T12:46:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000133 name: arthropod human blood index def: "Host blood index relating specifically to human blood." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000132 ! arthropod host blood index created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T12:46:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000135 name: Tensaw virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of Tensaw virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:273347 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000669 ! Anopheles quadrimaculatus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-05-08T03:14:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000136 name: arthropod feeding index def: "Measure relating to aggregate of off-host arthropods, designated the feeding index (FI), which adjusts the host blood index or human blood index by accounting for the density of available vertebrate hosts of different taxa, host size, and temporal and spatial concurrence between the host and the vector." [ISBN:9781402066658, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000140 ! measure relating to host blood in aggregate of arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T12:48:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000137 name: arthropod forage ratio def: "Measure relating to aggregate of off-host arthropods, designated the forage ratio (FR), which adjusts the host blood index or human blood index by accounting for the number of available vertebrate hosts of different taxa." [ISBN:9781402066658, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000140 ! measure relating to host blood in aggregate of arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T12:49:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000139 name: estimation of pathogen infection in vertebrates def: "Pathogen surveillance process aiming to determine the approximate number of vertebrates that are infected with a particular pathogen." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000070 ! assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0001959 ! pathogen surveillance created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T12:50:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000140 name: measure relating to host blood in aggregate of arthropods def: "Measure relating to host blood within an aggregate of arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000264 ! measure relating to aggregate of arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-08-15T10:19:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000141 name: intensity of infection def: "Estimate which refers to the average number of pathogens per infected individual." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000016 ! estimate of infection relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000142 ! measure relating to infection in aggregate of arthropods relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002028 ! measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T12:51:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000142 name: measure relating to infection in aggregate of arthropods def: "Measure relating to infection within an aggregate of arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000264 ! measure relating to aggregate of arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-08-15T10:20:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000143 name: measure of host infectivity def: "Measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates, which refers to the efficiency with which a pathogen is transmitted from infected vertebrates to feeding arthropods of a given taxon. \n\nCOMMENT:\nTypically determined by xenodiagnosis where previously uninfected arthropods are fed upon infected vertebrates." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0002028 ! measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T12:58:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000144 name: specific host infectivity def: "Host infectivity measure which refers to the proportion of arthropods of a given species and life stage that become infected while feeding on infected hosts.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMost commonly used in relation to hard ticks." [ISBN:0851996329, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000143 ! measure of host infectivity created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T12:58:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000145 name: amplification/reservoir host capacity def: "Measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates, which refers to the absolute contribution made by a particular amplification/reservoir host species to the natural prevalence of infection with a given pathogen among vectors in a certain area. \n\nCOMMENT:\nDetermination of the amplification/reservoir host capacity of a given vertebrate species should include quantitative data on its density, its infectivity to feeding vectors, the duration of the infective period, how frequently it is fed upon by vectors and, in the case of ticks, feeding success and molting success." [ISBN:0851996329, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0002028 ! measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T12:59:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000146 name: relative amplification/reservoir host capacity def: "Amplification/reservoir host capacity measure which refers to the proportional contribution of a particular amplification/reservoir host species to the natural prevalence of infection with a given pathogen among vectors in a certain area in relation to other examined amplification/reservoir host species.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso referred to as reservoir potential, For tick-borne pathogens, relative amplification/reservoir host capacity has minimally been based on data for host density, host infectivity, and mean abundance of ticks per host." [ISBN:0851996329, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000145 ! amplification/reservoir host capacity created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-12T01:00:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000148 name: pathogen identification def: "The process of taxonomically identifying a pathogenic organism." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000070 ! assay created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T11:16:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000151 name: antigen detection assay def: "An assay to detect or taxonomically identify target antigens. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThis method can be used for detection or taxonomic identification of pathogens in either vertebrates or arthropods. One weakness of this method is that it does not conclusively demonstrate the presence of a viable pathogen in the source material." [VSMO:Authors] xref: SNOMEDCT:121276004 is_a: VSMO:0000035 ! immunochemical assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000060 ! pathogen detection relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000148 ! pathogen identification created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T11:20:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000155 name: morphological taxonomic identification def: "Taxonomic identification based on morphological features.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis method can be used for detection or taxonomic identification of pathogens in either vertebrates or arthropods. This method may or may not conclusively demonstrate the presence of a viable pathogen in the source material depending on the pathogen examined, eg, with respect to motile versus non-motile pathogens. The method also can be used to taxonomically identify arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000180 ! taxonomic identification relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000060 ! pathogen detection relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000148 ! pathogen identification created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T11:25:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000164 name: vector management def: "Management with the goal of preventing bites by arthropods of species that may serve as pathogen vectors.\n\nCOMMENT:\nVector management can be achieved by: (i) reducing abundance of arthropods which are capable of serving as pathogen vectors, (ii) reducing abundance of infected or infectious arthropods, (iii) preventing contact between infected/infectious arthropods and humans or other vertebrates, or (iv) preventing contact between arthropods which are capable of serving as pathogen vectors and infectious humans or other vertebrates." [VSMO:Authors] synonym: "vector control" RELATED [] is_a: VSMO:0000005 ! management process created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T11:43:29Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000165 name: biological vector control def: "Use of a biological organism or a byproduct of a biological organism (biological pesticide) to reduce the number of arthropods capable of serving as pathogen vectors.\n\nCOMMENT:\nNumerous different biological control agents can be used to reduce populations of arthropod vectors. These include bacteria (for example Bacillus thuringiensis israeliensis to control mosquito immatures), viruses (for example densoviruses to control mosquitoes), fungi (for example Metahizum anisopliae to control ixodid ticks), nematodes (for example Steinernema carpocapsae to control ixodid ticks), insect parasitoids (for example the parasitoid wasp Ixodiphagus hookeri which lays its eggs in ixodid ticks), invertebrate predators (for example Mesocyclops spp. crustaceans used to control mosquito immatures), and vertebrate predators (for example different species of fish used to control mosquito immatures). Other examples are the use of Wolbachia bacteria to reduce the life span of mosquito vectors and reduce the abundance of infectious females." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000019 ! vector control relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000164 ! vector management created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T11:43:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000166 name: chemical vector control def: "Use of a chemical pesticide to reduce the number of arthropods capable of serving as pathogen vectors.\n\nCOMMENT:\nUse of a chemical agent to (i) reduce abundance of arthropods capable of serving as pathogen vectors, (ii) prevent contact between infected/infectious arthropods and humans or other vertebrates, or (iii) prevent contact between arthropods and infectious humans or other vertebrates." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000019 ! vector control relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000164 ! vector management created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T11:44:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000167 name: outdoor environmental vector control def: "Change of the outdoor physical environment with the goal to reduce the number of arthropods capable of serving as pathogen vectors\n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples include draining of mosquito larval habitat for anophelines, removal of artificial containers serving as larval development sites for Aedes aegypti, or brush removal to remove habitat for hard ticks." [VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Habitat Control" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0000019 ! vector control relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000164 ! vector management created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T11:49:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000169 name: vector surveillance def: "A surveillance process aiming to produce information about one or several objects, in the form of arthropods, which have the role of serving as biological pathogen vectors.\n\nCOMMENT:\nProcess to determine: (i) if a given arthropod species, the individuals of which are capable of serving as pathogen vectors, is present and how commonly it occurs; or (ii) specific characteristics of the arthropod. Such a process can provide information on risk for exposure to vectors and vector-borne pathogens." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000004 ! surveillance process created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T11:51:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000170 name: determination of arthropod abundance def: "Process to quantify the number of individuals of an arthropod species." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000037 ! organism based assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000169 ! vector surveillance created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T11:55:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000171 name: determination of off-host arthropod abundance def: "Process to quantify the numbers of individuals of an arthropod species while they are off-host (not in contact with a host)." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000170 ! determination of arthropod abundance created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T11:56:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000172 name: determination of on-host arthropod abundance def: "Process to quantify the numbers of individuals of an arthropod species while they are on-host (in direct contact with a host)." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000170 ! determination of arthropod abundance created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T11:56:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000173 name: mosquito age-grading def: "The process of estimating the age of a mosquito." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000070 ! assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000169 ! vector surveillance created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T11:58:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000174 name: identification of source of blood meal in arthropod def: "Process of determining the vertebrate taxon which was the source of the blood meal contained in an arthropod.\n\nCOMMENT:\nUsed, for example, to assess the proportion of arthropods of a given species that feed on humans or on vertebrates serving as important pathogen amplification/reservoir hosts." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000070 ! assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000169 ! vector surveillance created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T11:58:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000175 name: determination of arthropod movement def: "Process of estimating the distance an individual arthropod has moved during a given time period." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000037 ! organism based assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000169 ! vector surveillance created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T11:59:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000178 name: assessment of pesticide resistance def: "Process aiming to determine whether, and to what extent, a collection of individuals are resistant to a pesticide.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTest methods used to assess pesticide resistance in arthropods include bioassays, biochemical assays and molecular assays." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000070 ! assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000169 ! vector surveillance created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T12:00:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000179 name: equipment for collection of arthropod eggs def: "Equipment used to collect the eggs of an arthropod." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000022 ! equipment for collection of arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T08:43:29Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000180 name: taxonomic identification def: "The process of taxonomically identifying an organism." [VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Biological classification" EXACT [URL:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_classification] is_a: OBI:0000070 ! assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000169 ! vector surveillance created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T12:02:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000182 name: pathogen reservoir management def: "Management process with the purpose of reducing contact between arthropods and pathogen reservoirs.\n\nComment:\nThis can be achieved by reducing the abundance of vertebrates capable of serving as blood hosts for arthropod species capable of serving as pathogen vectors or directly as pathogen reservoirs or (ii) reducing the abundance of infected vertebrate reservoirs." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000005 ! management process created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T01:41:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000184 name: antimicrobial prophylaxis def: "A process with the objective of eliminating pathogen infections by administering a antimicrobial substance in vivo." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000031 ! protection process relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000182 ! pathogen reservoir management created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T01:42:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000185 name: antimicrobial treatment def: "Process where a vertebrate is treated with an antimicrobial substance to eliminate a pathogen infection." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0600006 ! killing relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000182 ! pathogen reservoir management created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T01:42:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000187 name: needle vaccination def: "Vaccination process in which a needle is used to deliver the vaccine." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VO:0000002 ! vaccination created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T01:43:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000189 name: vertebrate reduction def: "A planned process with the objective to reduce the abundance of vertebrates within a geographic area." [VSMO:Authors] comment: [VSMO:Authors] It can be user to reduce the number of blood hosts for arthropod species capable of serving as pathogen vectors or directly as pathogen reservoirs. is_a: OBI:0000011 ! planned process relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000182 ! pathogen reservoir management created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T01:44:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000190 name: culling def: "Reduction of vertebrate population within a given geographic area by killing of animals." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0600006 ! killing relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000189 ! vertebrate reduction created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T01:45:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000191 name: fencing def: "Reduction of vertebrate population within a given geographic area by exclusion of animals through fencing." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000011 ! planned process relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000189 ! vertebrate reduction created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T01:46:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000192 name: vertebrate host surveillance def: "A surveillance process aiming to produce information about one or several objects, in the form of vertebrate animals, which have the role of serving as hosts for arthropod ectoparasites or for pathogens." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000004 ! surveillance process created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T01:47:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000193 name: parasite aggregate def: "Aggregate of microorganisms in the form of parasites of a given taxon that are present within an individual organism." [VSMO:Auhtors] is_a: VSMO:0000046 ! microorganism aggregate created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-10-03T12:06:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000196 name: life stage of Plasmodium in vector def: "Life stage of Plasmodium that can be encountered in an arthropod." [VSMO:Authors] xref: IDOMAL:0000301 is_a: VSMO:0000007 ! developmental stage relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000197 ! Plasmodium parasite life course created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T09:32:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000197 name: Plasmodium parasite life course def: "The biological process of a parasite of the Genus Plasmodium completing its life cycle, including the different metamorphic stages (life stages)." [VSMO:Authors] xref: IDOMAL:0000109 is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological process created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T02:21:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000198 name: Deinocerites def: "Deinocerites is a Genus in Family Culicidae." [URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:53524 is_a: VSMO:0000556 ! Culicidae created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-06-05T08:58:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000199 name: determination of infection with malarial parasite def: "Examination of a mosquito for the presence of internal parasites in the form of Plasmodium.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAn infection with malaria parasites may be used, based on the parasite life stage present, to determine the minimum number of days the mosquito has survived after ingesting infective blood." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001312 ! determination of infection with internal parasite created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T01:58:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000200 name: pesticide-treated screening material def: "Screening material treated with a pesticide substance to prevent vectors from contacting humans or domestic animals by erecting a physical barrier and by killing action." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: IDOMAL:0001024 ! screening material created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T10:23:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000201 name: erythrocytic life stage of Plasmodium in vertebrate def: "Life stage of Plasmodium that occurs in the blood of the vertebrate." [VSMO:Authors] xref: IDOMAL:0000308 is_a: VSMO:0000007 ! developmental stage relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000197 ! Plasmodium parasite life course created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T02:28:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000202 name: exoerythrocytic life stage of Plasmodium in vertebrate def: "Life stage of Plasmodium that occurs outside of the blood of the vertebrate." [VSMO:Authors] xref: IDOMAL:0000303 is_a: VSMO:0000007 ! developmental stage relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000197 ! Plasmodium parasite life course created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T02:53:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000203 name: quality of individual arthropod def: "Quality that refers to a single arthropod individual." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Quality ! quality created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T02:54:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000207 name: freshly fed female insect def: "Female insect that contains a fresh blood meal or other meal but that has not yet reached the gonotrophic status of half gravid." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000218 ! fed female insect created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T02:56:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000208 name: fed and gravid female insect def: "Female insect that has reached the gonotrophic status of gravid." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000218 ! fed female insect created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T02:56:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000210 name: unfed female insect def: "Female insect that does not contain fresh blood or other food substance and is neither half gravid nor gravid." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0002038 ! combined feeding and gonotrophic status of insect created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T02:57:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000211 name: Sella's stage def: "Quality of individual arthropod which defines feeding and gonotrophic status of a female mosquito according to the classification by Sella's stage for blood and ovaries." [ISBN:9241700130, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000203 ! quality of individual arthropod created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T02:58:14Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000212 name: parity status of female insect def: "Quality of individual arthropod which defines the reproductive status of a female insect." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000203 ! quality of individual arthropod created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T02:59:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000213 name: nulliparous def: "Female that has never reproduced." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] xref: PATO:0002368 is_a: PATO:0002370 ! parity relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000212 ! parity status of female insect created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T03:00:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000214 name: parous def: "Female that has reproduced." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] xref: EFO:0002947 is_a: PATO:0002370 ! parity relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000212 ! parity status of female insect created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T03:00:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000215 name: uniparous def: "Female that has reproduced on a single occasion." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000214 ! parous created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T03:01:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000216 name: multiparous def: "Female that has reproduced on multiple occasions." [VSMO:Authors] xref: PATO:0002369 is_a: VSMO:0000214 ! parous created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T03:01:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000218 name: fed female insect def: "Female insect that contains a fresh blood meal or other meal or is half gravid or gravid." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0002038 ! combined feeding and gonotrophic status of insect created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T06:25:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000220 name: Usutu virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of Usutu virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in Africa and Europe." [ISBN:9780123737328, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:64286 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002679 ! Culex neavei creation_date: 2012-06-18T08:13:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000221 name: Plasmodium of human def: "Any malaria parasite of the genus Plasmodium which infects humans and causes human malaria:\n\nCOMMENT:\nPlasmodium of human includes Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium vivax. Human malaria also can be caused on rare occasions by Plasmodium knowlesi, which occurs naturally in monkeys." [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:9780123725004] is_a: VSMO:0000531 ! Plasmodium relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000585 ! Anopheles gambiae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000586 ! Anopheles stephensi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000587 ! Anopheles albimanus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000660 ! Anopheles argyritarsis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000661 ! Anopheles darlingi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000662 ! Anopheles neivai relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000663 ! Anopheles aztecus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000665 ! Anopheles freeborni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000666 ! Anopheles pseudopunctipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000667 ! Anopheles punctimacula relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000669 ! Anopheles quadrimaculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000693 ! Anopheles atroparvus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000694 ! Anopheles claviger relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000695 ! Anopheles messeae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000696 ! Anopheles sacharovi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000697 ! Anopheles arabiensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000698 ! Anopheles moucheti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000699 ! Anopheles multicolor relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000700 ! Anopheles pulcherrimus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000701 ! Anopheles sergentii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000702 ! Anopheles superpictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000712 ! Anopheles funestus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000715 ! Anopheles melas relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000716 ! Anopheles merus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000717 ! Anopheles nili relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000728 ! Anopheles bellator relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000729 ! Anopheles cruzii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000730 ! Anopheles albitarsis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000731 ! Anopheles aquasalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000733 ! Anopheles braziliensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000755 ! Anopheles bancroftii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000757 ! Anopheles campestris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000758 ! Anopheles donaldi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000759 ! Anopheles labranchiae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000761 ! Anopheles letifer relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000762 ! Anopheles nigerrimus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000763 ! Anopheles sinensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000764 ! Anopheles whartoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000765 ! Anopheles aconitus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000766 ! Anopheles annularis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000767 ! Anopheles flavirostris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000768 ! Anopheles fluviatilis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000769 ! Anopheles jeyporiensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000770 ! Anopheles karwari relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000771 ! Anopheles koliensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001880 ! Anopheles culicifacies relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001881 ! Anopheles minimus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001882 ! Anopheles philippinensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001883 ! Anopheles sundaicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001884 ! Anopheles tessellatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001885 ! Anopheles varuna relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001886 ! Anopheles dirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001887 ! Anopheles maculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001888 ! Anopheles balabacensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001889 ! Anopheles leucosphyrus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001890 ! Anopheles ludlowae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001892 ! Anopheles subpictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001893 ! Anopheles pattoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001895 ! Anopheles farauti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001896 ! Anopheles punctulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001897 ! Anopheles nuneztovari relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001898 ! Anopheles triannulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001899 ! Anopheles cinereus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001900 ! Anopheles pharoensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002145 ! Anopheles bwambae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002147 ! Anopheles barbirostris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002150 ! Anopheles vagus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002185 ! Anopheles punctipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002226 ! Anopheles amictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002246 ! Anopheles hilli relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002247 ! Anopheles lesteri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002376 ! Anopheles allopha relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002377 ! Anopheles christyi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002442 ! Anopheles annulipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002465 ! Anopheles baimaii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002466 ! Anopheles latens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002470 ! Anopheles wellcomei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002519 ! Anopheles marajoara relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002520 ! Anopheles vestitipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002521 ! Anopheles neomaculipalpus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002522 ! Anopheles strodei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002523 ! Anopheles oswaldoi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002524 ! Anopheles intermedius relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002525 ! Anopheles carnevalei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002526 ! Anopheles ovengensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002527 ! Anopheles pullus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002528 ! Anopheles kleini relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002529 ! Anopheles scanloni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002530 ! Anopheles mangyanus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002531 ! Anopheles dravidicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002532 ! Anopheles pseudowillmori relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002533 ! Anopheles willmori relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002534 ! Anopheles sawadwongporni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002535 ! Anopheles harrisoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002536 ! Anopheles yaeyamaensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002537 ! Anopheles rampae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002538 ! Anopheles hinesorum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002539 ! Anopheles epiroticus creation_date: 2012-04-18T08:22:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000222 name: arthropod life course def: "The biological process of an arthropod completing its life cycle, including the different metamorphic stages (life stages)." [ISBN:0124732763, ISBN:0195059107, ISBN:0849302129, VSMO:Authors] is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological process created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T06:30:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000223 name: life course of ametabolous insect def: "Life course of insect which has an ametabolous metamorphosis (lacks external metamorphosis).\n\nCOMMENT:\nAmetabolous insects include lice. Life stages include egg, nymph (multiple instars), and adult." [ISBN:0849302129, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000222 ! arthropod life course created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T06:30:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000225 name: arthropod nymphal stage def: "The immature life stage (nymph) of arthropods that hatches from the egg or follows upon the larval stage and precedes the adult stage.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTerrestrial stage for arthropods serving as pathogen vectors. The nymph may or may not be parasitic (mites), may engage in blood feeding and oviposition on a single occasion (hard ticks), or may engage in blood feeding and ovipositionon multiple occasions (ametabolous insects, paurometabolous insects, and soft ticks)." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000020 ! life stage of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000223 ! life course of ametabolous insect relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000241 ! life course of paurometabolous insect relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000254 ! life course of hard tick relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000255 ! life course of soft tick relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000256 ! life course of mite created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T06:31:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000226 name: pyrethrum space spray collection def: "The process of collecting arthropods by means of spraying a pyrethrum-based product.\n\nCOMMENT:\nUsed extensively for indoor collection of anopheline mosquitoes." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001445 ! collection of arthropods relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0001446 ! collection of the adult flying stage of insects created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-08-14T12:26:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000229 name: life course of holometabolous insect def: "Life course of insect which has a holometabolous (complete) metamorphosis. \n\nCOMMENT:\nHolometabolous insects include dipterans (biting midges, blackflies, mosquitoes, phlebotomine sandflies and tsetse flies) and fleas. Life stages include egg, larva (multiple instars), pupa, and adult." [ISBN:0849302129, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000222 ! arthropod life course created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T06:34:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000231 name: insect larval stage def: "The immature life stage (larva) of holometabolous insects that hatches from the egg and precedes the immature pupal stage. \n\nCOMMENT:\nLarvae of holometabolous insect vectors may be aquatic to semiaquatic (biting midges, blackflies, mosquitoes) or terrestrial (fleas, phlebotomine sandflies and the third larval instar of tsetse flies for which first and second larval instars develop within the female). The larva does not engage in blood feeding." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000007 ! developmental stage relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000229 ! life course of holometabolous insect created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T06:34:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000233 name: 1st instar mosquito larval stage def: "The first developmental stage of a mosquito larva, following upon the hatch of the egg." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000020 ! life stage of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000231 ! insect larval stage created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T06:35:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000234 name: 2nd instar mosquito larval stage def: "The second developmental stage of a mosquito larva, following upon the molt of the first instar larva." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000020 ! life stage of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000231 ! insect larval stage created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T06:35:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000235 name: 3rd instar mosquito larval stage def: "The third developmental stage of a mosquito larva, following upon the molt of the second instar larva." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000020 ! life stage of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000231 ! insect larval stage created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T06:36:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000237 name: insect pupal stage def: "The immature life stage (pupa) of holometabolous insects that follows upon the larval stage and precedes the adult stage. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe pupa may be aquatic to semiaquatic (dipteran vectors) or terrestrial (fleas) and does not engage in blood feeding." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000020 ! life stage of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000229 ! life course of holometabolous insect created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T06:37:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000238 name: quality of arthropod species def: "Quality that refers to a species of arthropod." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-08-15T09:07:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000241 name: life course of paurometabolous insect def: "Life course of insect which has a paurometabolous (gradual) metamorphosis. \n\nCOMMENT:\nPaurometabolous insect vectors include true bugs. Life stages include egg, nymph (multiple instars), and adult." [ISBN:0849302129, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000222 ! arthropod life course created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T06:44:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000244 name: quality of individual vertebrate def: "Quality that refers to a single vertebrate individual." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Quality ! quality created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-08-14T04:18:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000247 name: life course of tick def: "Life course of an arachnid with the taxonomic classification of tick.\n\nCOMMENT:\nLife stages include egg, larva, nymph, and adult." [ISBN:0195059107, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000222 ! arthropod life course created_by: Owner creation_date: 2010-03-15T06:47:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000251 name: 4th instar mosquito larval stage def: "The fourth and final developmental stage of a mosquito larva, following upon the molt of the third instar larva." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000020 ! life stage of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000231 ! insect larval stage created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:01:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000252 name: use of topical repellent on skin def: "The process of applying a repellent substance to the skin.\n\nCOMMENT:\nNumerous different naturally or synthetically derived chemical compounds can be used as repellents on skin to prevent arthropods from contacting humans." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000516 ! personal protection against arthropod bites created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-08-14T11:32:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000253 name: vertebrate infection status def: "Quality of individual vertebrate which defines its pathogen infection status." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000244 ! quality of individual vertebrate created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-08-14T04:20:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000254 name: life course of hard tick def: "Life course of tick belonging to Family Ixodidae (hard ticks). \n\nCOMMENT:\nLife stages include egg, larva, nymph, and adult." [ISBN:0195059107, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000247 ! life course of tick created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:09:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000255 name: life course of soft tick def: "Life course of tick belonging to Family Argasidae (soft ticks). \n\nCOMMENT:\nLife stages include egg, larva, nymph (multiple sub-stages), and adult." [ISBN:0195059107, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000247 ! life course of tick created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:16:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000256 name: life course of mite def: "Life course of an arachnid with the taxonomic classification of mite.\n\nCOMMENT:\nLife stages include egg, larva, nymph, and adult. The larval stage is the primary vector of pathogens." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000222 ! arthropod life course created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:27:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000257 name: arthropod generation def: "Quality of individual arthropod which defines the sequential number of generations since an original field collection." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000203 ! quality of individual arthropod created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:32:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000258 name: F0 def: "Aggregate of individuals in a parental generation.\n\nCOMMENT:\nFor arthropods, in the form of (1) field-collected adults or (2) adults raised from field-collected eggs or immatures." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:ObjectAggregate ! object_aggregate relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000257 ! arthropod generation created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:32:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000259 name: F1 def: "First filial generation resulting from interbreeding of the F0 parental generation." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:ObjectAggregate ! object_aggregate relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000257 ! arthropod generation created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:33:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000260 name: F2 def: "Second filial generation resulting from interbreeding of the F1 generation." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:ObjectAggregate ! object_aggregate relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000257 ! arthropod generation created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:33:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000261 name: F3 def: "Third filial generation resulting from interbreeding of the F2 generation." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:ObjectAggregate ! object_aggregate relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000257 ! arthropod generation created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:33:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000262 name: arthropod sex def: "Quality of individual adult arthropod which distinguishes between female and male." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000203 ! quality of individual arthropod created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:34:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000264 name: measure relating to aggregate of arthropods def: "Quality, in the form of a measure, which refers to a group of arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Quality ! quality created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:38:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000268 name: infected def: "Individual which carries one or several pathogenic microorganisms in some part(s) of its body.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAn infected arthropod may or may not be able to transmit pathogens while feeding depending on where in its body pathogens are present; and an infected vertebrate may or may not be able to transmit pathogens to feeding arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] xref: IDO:0000460 relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000009 ! arthropod infection status relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0000253 ! vertebrate infection status created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:42:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000269 name: infectious def: "Individual which carries one or several pathogenic microorganisms in numbers that allows for transmission.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIncluding an arthropod which carries one or several pathogenic microorganisms in a part of its body that allows for transmission to a vertebrate host while the arthropod is feeding; and a vertebrate which carries one or several pathogenic microorganisms in numbers that allows for transmission to feeding arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000268 ! infected created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:42:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000270 name: quality of pesticide formulation def: "Quality relating to how a pesticide is formulated for distribution." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Quality ! quality created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:43:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000271 name: physical characteristic of pesticide formulation def: "Quality of pesticide formulation which refers to the physical characteristic of how the pesticide is formulated for distribution. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe active ingredient (AI) of a pesticide is very rarely used in pure form; it is rather broadcast in a low concentration formulation that combines the AI with other substances (adjuvants, wetting agents, adhesives, spreaders, synergists, etc) that improves the performance of the formulation." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000270 ! quality of pesticide formulation created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:43:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000273 name: pesticide capsule def: "Pesticide formulation which is distributed in an encapsulated form to produce a slow release of the active ingredient.\n\nCOMMENT: The active ingredient is enclosed in a capsule or microcapsule of a material such as polyamide, neoprene, polyvinal dichloride or polyester. Once applied, the active ingredient can diffuse from the matrix." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000271 ! physical characteristic of pesticide formulation created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:44:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000274 name: pesticide dust def: "Pesticide formulation which is distributed in the form of a dust and where an inert carrier is used to disperse the active ingredient. \n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples of inert carriers include talc, fine clay, or diatomaceous earth. Dusts penetrate dense foliage better than sprays, and also are less likely to damage plants. Dusts usually have a shorter residual effect than other formulations." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000271 ! physical characteristic of pesticide formulation created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:44:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000275 name: pesticide granule def: "Pesticide formulation which is distributed in the form of granules and where an inert carrier is used to disperse the active ingredient. \n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples of inert carriers include porous materials such as clay, corn cobs, and walnut shells. Granules are much larger than dust particles and therefore are less prone to drift." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000271 ! physical characteristic of pesticide formulation created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:45:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000276 name: pesticide solid def: "Pesticide formulation which is distributed in the form of a solid material containing the active ingredient." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000271 ! physical characteristic of pesticide formulation created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:45:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000277 name: pesticide bait cube def: "Pesticide formulation which is distributed as a solid material in the form of a bait cube containing the active ingredient.\n\nCOMMENT:\nBait cubes are edible or attractive substances containing a pesticide active ingredient. Examples include oral baits offered to rodents in order to control infestations of ectoparasites such as fleas and ticks." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000276 ! pesticide solid created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:50:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000278 name: pesticide briquette def: "Pesticide formulation which is distributed as a solid material in the form of a briquette containing the active ingredient.\n\nCOMMENT:\nBriquettes may, for example, be designed for floating on water surfaces for slow-release of the active ingredient contained within the briquette." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000276 ! pesticide solid created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:50:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000279 name: pesticide coil def: "Pesticide formulation which is distributed as a solid material in the form of a coil which releases the active ingredient when it is burned." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000276 ! pesticide solid created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:50:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000280 name: pesticide mat def: "Pesticide formulation which is distributed as a solid material in the form of a mat which releases the active ingredient when it is heated." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000276 ! pesticide solid created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:50:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000281 name: pesticide paper def: "Pesticide formulation which is distributed as a solid material in the form of a paper which releases the active ingredient at room temperature or when it is burned." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000276 ! pesticide solid created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:50:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000282 name: pesticide plastic def: "Pesticide formulation which is distributed as a solid material in the form of a plastic which releases the active ingredient at room temperature or when it is heated." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000276 ! pesticide solid created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:50:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000283 name: pesticide tablet def: "Pesticide formulation which is distributed as a solid material in the form of a tablet which releases the active ingredient when it is placed in water." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000276 ! pesticide solid created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T10:50:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000284 name: pesticide soluble powder formulation def: "Pesticide formulation which is distributed in the form of a soluble powder mixed with water. \n\nCOMMENT:\nPesticide soluble powders form a true solution when mixed with water. Although soluble powders contain wetting agents, they contain no solvents and therefore are less likely to cause plant injury than are emulsifiable sprays containing solvents. Constant agitation is necessary when using this formulation; otherwise, particles settle on the bottom of the spray tank." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000287 ! pesticide solution created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T11:49:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000285 name: pesticide wettable powder formulation def: "Pesticide formulation which is distributed in the form of a wettable powder mixed with water. \n\nCOMMENT:\nPesticide wettable powders form a suspension rather than a true solution when mixed with water. Although wettable powders contain wetting agents, they contain no solvents and therefore are less likely to cause plant injury than are emulsifiable sprays containing solvents. Constant agitation is necessary when using this formulation; otherwise, particles settle on the bottom of the spray tank." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000292 ! pesticide suspension created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T11:49:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000287 name: pesticide solution def: "Pesticide formulation in which the active ingredient is diluted with a solvent to form a solution, i.e., a mixture of a solid and a liquid where the solid never settles out. \n\nCOMMENT:\nSolutions used for pesticide control can be water-based or oil-based and broadcast by different means including as ultra-low volume (ULV) sprays." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000271 ! physical characteristic of pesticide formulation created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T11:51:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000288 name: pesticide aerosol spray def: "Pesticide solution in which the active ingredient is dispersed in very small droplets (less than 50 micrometers in diameter) via a pressurized system as an aerosol spray.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso referred to as space spray, fog or mist." [VSMO:Authors] synonym: "fog" RELATED [] synonym: "mist" RELATED [] synonym: "space spray" RELATED [] is_a: VSMO:0000287 ! pesticide solution created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T11:52:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000289 name: oil-based pesticide aerosol spray def: "Pesticide aerosol spray for which oil or petroleum is used as the solvent." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000288 ! pesticide aerosol spray created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T11:52:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000290 name: water-based pesticide aerosol spray def: "Pesticide aerosol spray for which water is used as the solvent." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000288 ! pesticide aerosol spray created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T11:53:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000291 name: pesticide emulsifiable concentrate def: "Pesticide solution in which the active ingredient and an emulsifying agent are dissolved in an organic solvent that can then be mixed with water.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAfter the water and solvent evaporate from a sprayed surface, the remaining insecticide adheres to the sprayed surface." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000287 ! pesticide solution created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T11:54:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000292 name: pesticide suspension def: "Pesticide formulation in which the active ingredient is diluted with a solvent to form a suspension, i.e., a heterogeneous mixture in which solute-like particles settle out of the solvent-like phase at some point in time after their introduction." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000271 ! physical characteristic of pesticide formulation created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T11:54:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000293 name: pesticide flowable suspension def: "Pesticide suspension in which an active ingredient that can be formulated only as a solid or a semisolid is ground and mixed with a liquid to form a suspension referred to as flowable. \n\nCOMMENT:\nFlowables can be added to water and need only moderate agitation to mix." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000292 ! pesticide suspension created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T11:55:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000294 name: release rate of pesticide formulation def: "Quality of pesticide formulation which refers to how rapidly the active ingredient is released from the distributed formulation." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000270 ! quality of pesticide formulation created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T11:56:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000295 name: rapid release rate of pesticide formulation def: "Quality of pesticide formulation which refers to a rapid release of the active ingredient after the pesticide formulation is distributed.\n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples of rapid release pesticide formulations include dusts, granules, powders, and aerosol sprays." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000294 ! release rate of pesticide formulation created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T11:57:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000296 name: slow release rate of pesticide formulation def: "Quality of pesticide formulation which refers to a slow release of the active ingredient after the pesticide formulation is distributed.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA slow release pesticide formulation blends an active ingredient with a material from which it will evaporate or be released at a controlled rate over time. Examples of slow release pesticide formulations include solid materials containing active ingredient (bait cube, briquette, coil, paper, plastic, etc) and microencapsulation of active ingredient in a material such as polyamide, neoprene, polyvinal dichloride or polyester." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000294 ! release rate of pesticide formulation created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T11:57:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000297 name: virus aggregate def: "Aggregate of microorganisms in the form of virus particles of a given taxon that are present within an individual organism." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000046 ! microorganism aggregate created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-10-03T12:07:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000299 name: bacterial pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a bacterial pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: IDO:0000405 ! pathogen role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T12:16:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000303 name: bacterial flea borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a bacterial pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a flea vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000299 ! bacterial pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T12:20:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000304 name: bacterial louse borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a bacterial pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a louse vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000299 ! bacterial pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T12:20:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000306 name: bacterial phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a bacterial pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a phlebotomine sandfly vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000299 ! bacterial pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T12:20:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000310 name: bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a bacterial pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a hard tick vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000299 ! bacterial pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T12:22:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000311 name: bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a bacterial pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a soft tick vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000299 ! bacterial pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T12:22:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000312 name: bacterial mite borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a bacterial pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a mite vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000299 ! bacterial pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T12:23:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000313 name: bacterial pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a bacterial pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: IDO:0000405 ! pathogen role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-16T12:34:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000319 name: bacterial flea borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a bacterial pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a flea vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000313 ! bacterial pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:24:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000326 name: bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a bacterial pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a hard tick vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000313 ! bacterial pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:25:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000327 name: bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a bacterial pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a soft tick vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000313 ! bacterial pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:26:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000330 name: protozoan pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a protozoan pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: IDO:0000405 ! pathogen role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:29:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000336 name: protozoan mosquito borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a protozoan pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a mosquito vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000330 ! protozoan pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:32:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000337 name: protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a protozoan pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a phlebotomine sandfly vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000330 ! protozoan pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:32:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000338 name: protozoan true bug borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a protozoan pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a true bug vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000330 ! protozoan pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:32:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000339 name: protozoan tsetse fly borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a protozoan pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a tsetse fly vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000330 ! protozoan pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:32:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000341 name: protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a protozoan pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a hard tick vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000330 ! protozoan pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:34:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000344 name: protozoan pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a protozoan pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: IDO:0000405 ! pathogen role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:37:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000346 name: protozoan biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a protozoan pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a biting midge vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000344 ! protozoan pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:40:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000347 name: protozoan blackfly borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a protozoan pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a blackfly vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000344 ! protozoan pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:40:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000350 name: protozoan mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a protozoan pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a mosquito vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000344 ! protozoan pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:40:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000351 name: protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a protozoan pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a phlebotomine sandfly vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000344 ! protozoan pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:40:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000352 name: protozoan true bug borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a protozoan pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a true bug vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000344 ! protozoan pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:40:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000353 name: protozoan tsetse fly borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a protozoan pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a tsetse fly vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000344 ! protozoan pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:40:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000355 name: protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a protozoan pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a hard tick vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000344 ! protozoan pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:43:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000359 name: viral pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a viral pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: IDO:0000405 ! pathogen role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:47:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000361 name: viral biting midge borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a viral pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a biting midge vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000359 ! viral pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:49:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000365 name: viral mosquito borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a viral pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a mosquito vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000359 ! viral pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:49:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000366 name: viral phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a viral pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a phlebotomine sandfly vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000359 ! viral pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:49:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000370 name: viral hard tick borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a viral pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a hard tick vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000359 ! viral pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:50:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000373 name: viral pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a viral pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: IDO:0000405 ! pathogen role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:51:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000375 name: viral biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a viral pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a biting midge vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000373 ! viral pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:54:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000379 name: viral mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a viral pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a mosquito vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000373 ! viral pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:54:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000380 name: viral phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a viral pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a phlebotomine sandfly vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000373 ! viral pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:54:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000384 name: viral hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a viral pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a hard tick vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000373 ! viral pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:55:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000385 name: viral soft tick borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a viral pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a soft tick vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000373 ! viral pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:56:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000387 name: pesticide resistance function def: "Function of conferring resistance in an arthropod to one or several pesticides." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T10:58:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000388 name: resistance conferring enzyme function def: "An enzyme that confers resistance in an arthropod to one or several pesticides.\n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples of resistance conferring enzymes include acetylcholinesterase, Glutathione-S-Transferase, alpha-esterase, beta-esterase, mixed function oxidases, and epsilon Glutathione-S-Transferase." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:03:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000389 name: resistance conferring point mutation function def: "A point mutation that confers resistance in an arthropod to one or several pesticides." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:03:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000391 name: mosquito larval habitat def: "A role borne by an aquatic habitat in virtue of supporting the development of mosquito immatures (larval and pupal stages).\n\nCOMMENT:\nMosquito larval habitats include natural water sources ranging in size from small puddles to shallow parts of large water bodies, water sources generated through agricultural irrigation (for example rice fields), and water-holding artificial containers ranging in size from small bottles and cans to large water storage tanks." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Role ! role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:05:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000392 name: Anopheles larval habitat def: "A role borne by an aquatic habitat in virtue of supporting the development of Anopheles immatures (larval and pupal stages)." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000391 ! mosquito larval habitat created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:05:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000393 name: Aedes larval habitat def: "A role borne by an aquatic habitat in virtue of supporting the development of Aedes immatures (larval and pupal stages).\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis can include bodies of shallow surface water or, for some container-inhabiting species such as Aedes aegypti, water in artificial or natural containers." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000391 ! mosquito larval habitat created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:05:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000398 name: vector management tool def: "Tool which has the role of being used to (i) reduce abundance of arthropod species capable of serving as pathogen vectors, (ii) reduce abundance of infected vectors, (iii) prevent contact between infected vectors and humans or other vertebrates, or (iv) prevent contact between individuals of species capable of serving as pathogen vectors and infectious humans or other vertebrates." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:07:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000400 name: algal control agent role def: "A role borne by an alga in virtue of having a killing disposition toward a targeted pest.\n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples of algal control agents for arthropods include Sargassum swartzii and Chondria dasyphylla which can be used to kill mosquito (Anopheles) immatures." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000014 ! biological control agent role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:10:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000401 name: bacterial control agent role def: "A role borne by a bacterium in virtue of having a killing disposition toward a targeted pest.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOne example of a bacterial control agent for arthropods is Bacillus thuringiensis which is commonly used to kill mosquito immatures. Another example is the use of Wolbachia bacteria to reduce the life span of mosquito vectors and thus reduce the abundance of infectious females." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000014 ! biological control agent role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:10:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000402 name: fungal control agent role def: "A role borne by a fungus in virtue of having a killing disposition toward a targeted pest.\n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples of fungal control agents for arthropods include Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae which can be used to kill hard ticks and mosquitoes." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000014 ! biological control agent role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:10:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000403 name: nematode control agent role def: "A role borne by a nematode in virtue of having a killing disposition toward a targeted pest.\n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples of nematode control agents for arthropods include species of the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis which can be used to kill hard ticks." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000014 ! biological control agent role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:10:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000404 name: insect parasitoid control agent role def: "A role borne by an insect parasitoid in virtue of having a killing disposition toward a targeted pest.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOne example of an insect parasitoid control agent for arthropods is the wasp Hunterellus hookeri which parasitizes hard ticks." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000014 ! biological control agent role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:10:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000405 name: abundance estimate for adult arthropods off-host def: "Measure relating to aggregate of off-host adult arthropods, which quantifies their relative number." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000066 ! measure relating to enumeration of aggregate of arthropods created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:10:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000406 name: predator control agent role def: "A role borne by a predator in virtue of having a killing disposition toward a targeted pest.\n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples of predator control agents for arthropods include fish and Mesocyclops copepods which can be used to control mosquito immatures." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000014 ! biological control agent role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:10:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000407 name: viral control agent role def: "A role borne by a virus in virtue of having a killing disposition toward a targeted pest.\nCOMMENT:\n\nOne example of a viral control agent for arthropods is densovirus which can be used to kill mosquitoes." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000014 ! biological control agent role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:10:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000409 name: natural chemical pesticide def: "A chemical substance intended to kill pests derived from organisms. \n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples include compounds extracted from plant material, such as seeds or leaves, or directly released when the plant material is crushed or burned." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:11:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000410 name: natural chemical repellent def: "The function of a natural derived chemical compound realized when it repels pests. \n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples include compounds extracted from plant material, such as seeds or leaves, or directly released when the plant material is crushed or burned." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:11:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000411 name: synthetic chemical pesticide def: "Synthetic chemical compound used to control living organisms." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:11:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000412 name: rapid pathogen detection test def: "Equipment in the form of a rapid test capable of detecting a given pathogen in samples containing one or several arthropod species capable of serving as pathogen vectors or material from vertebrate species capable of serving as pathogen reservoirs/amplification hosts.\n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples include Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) for malaria parasites and the VecTest for West Nile virus." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000021 ! equipment relationship: OBO_REL:has_function VSMO:0001622 ! pathogen detection function created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:12:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000414 name: synthetic chemical repellent def: "The function of a synthetic chemical compound realized when it repels pests." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:13:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000415 name: environmental vector management measure def: "Vector management tool in the form of a measure that changes the physical environment with the goal to reduce the abundance of arthropod species capable of serving as pathogen vectors or prevent contact between individuals of species capable of serving as pathogen vectors and humans or other vertebrates.\n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples include draining of water sources serving as mosquito larval habitat and brush removal to reduce suitable habitat for host-seeking ticks." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:13:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000416 name: protection from vector function def: "The function of a tool realized when it prevents contact between individuals of arthropod species capable of serving as pathogen vectors and humans." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Function ! function created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:14:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000417 name: air conditioner def: "Equipment in the form of a device to control indoor temperature.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCan have the role of a personal protection measure against vectors in that it reduces the need for keeping windows and doors open and thus prevents entry by arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] xref: SNOMEDCT:15000008 is_a: VSMO:0000021 ! equipment relationship: OBO_REL:has_function VSMO:0000416 ! protection from vector function created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:14:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000423 name: repellent-treated clothing def: "Clothing treated with a repellent substance to prevent vectors from contacting humans by erecting a physical barrier and by repellent action." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000034 ! clothing is_a: VSMO:0001443 ! repellent-treated vector management equipment created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:19:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000428 name: repellent-treated screening material def: "Screening material that prevents intrusion of vectors by erecting a physical barrier that the vector cannot penetrate and by repelling vectors with a repellent applied to the screening material." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: IDOMAL:0001024 ! screening material is_a: VSMO:0001443 ! repellent-treated vector management equipment created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:21:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000429 name: repellent-treated curtain def: "Repellent-treated screening material in the form of a curtain to prevent vectors from contacting humans or domestic animals." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000428 ! repellent-treated screening material created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:21:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000430 name: repellent-treated net def: "Repellent-treated screening material in the form of a net to prevent vectors from contacting humans or domestic animals." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000428 ! repellent-treated screening material created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:22:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000431 name: repellent-treated screen def: "Repellent-treated screening material in the form of a screen to prevent vectors from contacting humans or domestic animals." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000428 ! repellent-treated screening material created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:22:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000432 name: arthropod detection function def: "The function of a device realized when it can detect the presence of arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Function ! function created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:22:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000433 name: surveillance tool to determine on-host arthropod abundance def: "Arthropod surveillance tool that is used to determine the abundance of one or several species capable of serving as a pathogen vector while on (in direct contact with) a vertebrate host.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nExamples of such tools include a flea comb or a drop-off cage to collect attached ectoparasites as they detach from the host." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:23:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000434 name: surveillance tool to determine off-host arthropod abundance def: "Arthropod surveillance tool that is used to determine the abundance of one or several species capable of serving as a pathogen vector while off (not in contact with) a vertebrate host.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nExamples of such tools include a tick drag or a CDC light trap to capture host-seeking adult flying arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:23:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000435 name: pesticide-treated screen def: "Pesticide-treated screening material in the form of a screen to prevent vectors from contacting humans or domestic animals." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000200 ! pesticide-treated screening material created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T10:27:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000436 name: pesticide efficacy determination function def: "The function of a device realized when it determines the killing efectivenes of a pesticide on a target pest.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe WHO plastic bioassay cone is an example of such a tool." [VSMO:Authors] comment: This function is carry out by tools used to determine the efficacy of a pesticide to kill individuals of an arthropod species. is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:23:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000437 name: pesticide resistance determination function def: "Tool that is used to determine pesticide resistance in an arthropod species.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPesticide-impregnated paper from WHO for use in a standard bioassay system to measure resistance is an example of such a tool." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:23:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000464 name: vector of paralytic toxin def: "A role borne by an arthropod species in virtue of that it can transmit (serve as a vector of) a paralytic toxin that may cause paralysis in the host upon which it is feeding." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Role ! role created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:36:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000465 name: insect vector of paralytic toxin def: "A role borne by an insect species in virtue of that it can transmit (serve as a vector of) a paralytic toxin that may cause paralysis in the host upon which it is feeding." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000464 ! vector of paralytic toxin created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:36:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000466 name: tick vector of paralytic toxin def: "A role borne by a tick species in virtue of that it can transmit (serve as a vector of) a paralytic toxin that may cause paralysis in the host upon which it is feeding.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nExamples of tick vectors of paralytic toxins include Dermacentor andersoni, Dermacentor variabilis, and Ixodes holocyclus." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000464 ! vector of paralytic toxin created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:36:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000467 name: trap component function def: "The function of a device realized when it becomes part of a trap." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Function ! function created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:37:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000472 name: vertebrate management tool def: "Tool which has the function of being used to (i) reduce abundance of vertebrates of species capable of serving as blood meal hosts for species of arthropods capable of serving as pathogen vectors, (ii) reduce abundance of vertebrates capable of serving as pathogen reservoirs/amplification hosts or (iii) reduce abundance of pathogen-infected vertebrates." [] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:38:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000473 name: tool for reduction of vertebrates def: "Vertebrate management tool that is broadly used to reduce the abundance of vertebrates of species that may serve as pathogen reservoirs/amplification hosts or blood meal hosts for species of arthropods capable of serving as pathogen vectors.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA rodent trap with killing action is an example of such a tool. Another example is a deer fence, which results in local reduction of deer abundance." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:39:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000474 name: tool for reduction of infected vertebrates def: "Vertebrate management tool that is specifically used to reduce the abundance of pathogen-infected vertebrates.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA bait-cube containing an oral vaccine against a given pathogen is an example of such a tool." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:39:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000475 name: vertebrate surveillance tool def: "Tool which has the function of being used for surveillance of presence and abundance of one or several vertebrate species.\n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples of such tools include various traps to capture vertebrates." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:40:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000476 name: abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on removal sampling def: "Abundance estimate for adult arthropods off-host, which quantifies their relative abundance based on a standard collection method. \n\nCOMMENT:\nCan include a single or multiple sampling occasions. Examples include the number of adult ticks collected per hour of drag sampling or the number of adult mosquitoes collected per trap night." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000405 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods off-host created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:41:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000477 name: pesticide-treated net def: "Pesticide-treated screening material in the form of a net to prevent vectors from contacting humans or domestic animals.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIncludes insectide-treated nets (sometimes referred to as bednets) used to protect sleeping areas." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000200 ! pesticide-treated screening material created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T10:27:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000481 name: temporal interval of arthropod def: "Temporal interval referring to the period of time required for a process of an arthropod." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: span:TemporalInterval ! temporal_interval created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T11:57:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000484 name: estimation of daily arthropod survival rate def: "Process of quantifying the proportion of arthropods which survive over a 24-hour period.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe daily vector survival rate, p in Macdonalds equation for vectorial capacity, is an important component to determine pathogen transmission intensity. A variety of techniques have been developed to determine daily survival rate of insect vectors, especially mosquitoes." [VSMO:Authors] comment: Estimation of the daily survival rate of the adult stage (typically female) of a mosquito vector. Various methods have been developed to estimate daily survival rate based on changes over time in the proportion of marked vectors or vectors of a certain physiological state, for example newly emerged green colored females, parous females or females at a certain stage in their gonotrophic cycle.\nNumerous methods have been developed to estimate daily survival rates of immatures, especially for species that develop in aquatic habitats such as artificial containers that readily can be monitored and where all immatures can be counted. This has resulted in development of detailed life tables for some species such as Aedes aegypti. is_a: OBI:0000070 ! assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000169 ! vector surveillance created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:00:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000485 name: arthropod generational period def: "Temporal interval of arthropod in the form of the generational period, which is the continuous temporal interval required for an arthropod to complete its life cycle.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTypically used in the context of the average time required for a group (cohort) of arthropods of a given species to complete their life cycles. Insects commonly are multivoltine, with several generations in a single year. The generation time of insect vectors often is strongly influenced by ambient temperature, with generation times being shortened as the temperature increases. In contrast to insects, hard ticks typically require more than a single year to complete their life cycle, which includes taking blood meals in the larval, nymphal and adult (female) life stages." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000481 ! temporal interval of arthropod created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:00:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000486 name: arthropod reproductive period def: "Temporal interval of arthropod in the form of the reproductive period, which is the continuous temporal interval that starts when an adult has emerged and is physically ready to mate and ends when the adult no longer is capable of mating and, in the case of females, egg maturation and oviposition\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe arthropod reproductive period may include one or several reproductive cycles. For example, hard ticks lay eggs once in a single batch and then perish. For arthropods with multiple reproductive cycles, the length of the cycles can vary with temperature and time needed to locate blood meal hosts or find sites to deposit eggs. The length of the reproductive cycle is an important determinant for the growth rate of populations of insects with multiple generations within a single active season." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000481 ! temporal interval of arthropod created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:00:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000487 name: insect reproductive period def: "The reproductive period for arthropods classified as insects is the continuous temporal interval that starts when an adult insect has emerged and is physically ready to mate and ends when the adult insect no longer is capable of mating and, in the case of females, egg maturation and oviposition\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe time between oviposition of separate egg batches within the insect reproductive period include not only the time needed for egg development but also the time needed to locate host(s) to take a complete blood meal and the time needed to locate site(s) for egg deposition and to lay the eggs." [ISBN:0124732763] is_a: VSMO:0000486 ! arthropod reproductive period created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:04:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000488 name: initial insect gonotrophic period def: "The continuous temporal interval that starts when a female insect has emerged and is physically ready to mate and ends with her first oviposition event." [ISBN:0124732763] is_a: VSMO:0000481 ! temporal interval of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000487 ! insect reproductive period created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:05:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000489 name: arthropod activity period def: "Temporal interval of arthropod in the form of the activity period, which is the continuous temporal interval during which an arthropod is physically active.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIncludes diel and seasonal activity periods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000481 ! temporal interval of arthropod created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:05:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000490 name: diel activity period of arthropod def: "Arthropod activity period in the form of a continuous temporal interval within the 24 hour diel cycle." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000489 ! arthropod activity period created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:06:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000491 name: peak diel period of arthropod detachment from host def: "A continuous temporal interval within the diel 24 hour period during which an arthropod species detaches from a vertebrate host in greatest numbers.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis relates primarily to ticks where counts of individuals on a vertebrate host can be influenced by the time of day the host is examined. This is because some tick species have a distinct diurnal pattern of detachment (drop off) from the host, for example to coincide with the time the host is resting in a burrow or nest." [ISBN:0195084314] is_a: VSMO:0000481 ! temporal interval of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000490 ! diel activity period of arthropod created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:06:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000492 name: peak diel activity period of host-seeking arthropod def: "A continuous temporal interval within the diel 24 hour period during which the number of actively host-seeking individuals of an arthropod species is greatest.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis can refer to a single continuous temporal interval within the diel 24 hour period or to more than one continuous temporal intervals (for example for insects with peak host-seeking activity during dawn and dusk). Most insect species have distinct diel peaks in host-seeking activity that comprise a limited number of hours of the 24 hour cycle. This can be to avoid unfavorable conditions, for example by staying inactive during very hot day time hours, or to match the diel host-seeking activity with the active period of important blood meal hosts. Basic knowledge of local diel activity patterns of a vector is a prerequisite for effective vector surveillance." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000481 ! temporal interval of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000490 ! diel activity period of arthropod created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:07:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000493 name: seasonal activity period of arthropod def: "Arthropod activity period in the form of a continuous temporal interval within a 12 month period.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIn many settings, arthropods are active during part of the year (typically the warm part of the year) and inactive during other parts of the year (typically the cold part of the year). In settings with favorable year-round conditions, arthropods can be active throughout the year." [:] is_a: VSMO:0000489 ! arthropod activity period created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:07:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000494 name: seasonal period of peak activity of arthropod def: "A continuous temporal interval within the seasonal activity period during which an arthropod species reaches its highest numbers.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMany vector species exhibit seasonality in their activity period over the year, often with distinct seasonal peaks in their numbers. This is related to inactivity during times of the year with conditions that are unfavorable for host seeking, development , or reproduction. In temperate climates, the seasonal activity period often coincides with the warm part of the year. In subtropical and tropical climates, the seasonal activity period more commonly is related to rainfall patterns. A single vector species with a broad geographical distribution that includes substantial climate variability may exhibit variation in the timing of peak seasonal activity in different part of its range. In the case of ticks, different life stages of a given tick vector often have distinctly different seasonal activity periods. Basic knowledge of local seasonal activity patterns of a vector is a prerequisite for effective vector surveillance." [ISBN:0195084314] is_a: VSMO:0000481 ! temporal interval of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000493 ! seasonal activity period of arthropod created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:08:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000495 name: temporal interval of pathogen in arthropod def: "Temporal interval referring to the period of time required for a process of a pathogenic microorganism within an arthropod." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: span:TemporalInterval ! temporal_interval created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:08:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000496 name: extrinsic incubation period def: "The continuous temporal interval starting with the ingestion of a pathogen during an infectious blood meal and ending with the arthropod gaining the capability to transmit the ingested pathogen.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe EIP, n in Macdonalds equation for vectorial capacity, is an important component to determine pathogen transmission intensity. In insect vectors, the EIP is influenced by ambient temperature, being shortened as the temperature increases. The EIP is not meaningful in hard ticks because they take a single blood meal in each active life stage and the molting process lasts for weeks to months, often accompanied by a period of diapause preceding or following the molt." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] xref: SNOMEDCT:409669005 is_a: VSMO:0000481 ! temporal interval of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000495 ! temporal interval of pathogen in arthropod created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:08:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000497 name: infectious period of arthropod def: "The continuous temporal interval starting with the end of the extrinsic incubation period and ending when the arthropod no longer is capable of pathogen transmission.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe length of the infectious period, 1/(-lnp) in Macdonalds equation for vectorial capacity, is a critical determinant for intensity of pathogen transmission, especially for vectors that take multiple blood meals and thus can infect multiple vertebrate hosts. New control methods are being explored for mosquito vectors of malaria parasites and dengue virus to specifically shorten the infectious period of the life of a female." [ISBN:0124732763, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000481 ! temporal interval of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000495 ! temporal interval of pathogen in arthropod created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:09:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000498 name: temporal interval of pathogen in vertebrate def: "Temporal interval referring to the period of time required for a process of a pathogenic microorganism within a vertebrate." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: span:TemporalInterval ! temporal_interval created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:09:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000499 name: intrinsic incubation period def: "The continuous temporal interval starting with the exposure of a vertebrate to a pathogen and ending with the appearance of the first sign or symptom of the disease produced by the pathogen. \n\nCOMMENT:\nIt is important to note that a vertebrate may be infectious, capable of infecting a feeding vector, before symptoms develop." [ISBN:9780195141696] synonym: "incubation period" BROAD [url:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incubation_period] xref: SNOMEDCT:409670006 is_a: span:TemporalInterval ! temporal_interval relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000498 ! temporal interval of pathogen in vertebrate created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:09:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000500 name: infectious period of vertebrate def: "The continuous temporal interval starting with a vertebrate becoming capable of infecting a feeding arthropod with a given pathogen and ending with the vertebrate losing the capacity to infect a feeding arthropod. \n\nCOMMENT:\nVertebrates may become infectious before symptoms of disease develop. The infectious period can be very short, days to weeks as for West Nile virus in birds, or last for the remainder of the life of the host, as for the Lyme disease spirochete (Borrelia burgdorferi) in some rodent species." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: span:TemporalInterval ! temporal_interval relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000498 ! temporal interval of pathogen in vertebrate created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-19T12:10:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000501 name: antibody detection assay def: "An assay to detect or taxonomically identify target antibodies. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThis method can be used for detection or taxonomic identification of pathogens in vertebrates but not in arthropods. One weakness of this method is that it does not conclusively demonstrate the presence of a viable pathogen in the source material." [VSMO:Authors] xref: SNOMEDCT:121258006 is_a: VSMO:0000035 ! immunochemical assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000060 ! pathogen detection relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000148 ! pathogen identification created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-22T12:42:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000503 name: delivery of pesticide spray def: "Delivery of pesticide sprays to the air or to an aquatic or terrestrial environment." [VSMO:authors] is_a: VSMO:0000522 ! pesticide delivery created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-08-08T02:18:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000504 name: delivery of pesticide in solid material def: "Localized delivery of pesticides by distribution of small or larger objects that contain a pesticide.\n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples include distribution of pesticide-treated fabrics and other materials." [] is_a: VSMO:0000522 ! pesticide delivery created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-08-09T10:16:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000505 name: delivery of short-lived pesticide def: "Distribution of a pesticide with short-lived killing activity." [] is_a: VSMO:0000522 ! pesticide delivery created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-08-09T11:10:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000506 name: delivery of residual pesticide def: "Distribution of a pesticide with residual killing activity." [] is_a: VSMO:0000522 ! pesticide delivery created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-08-09T11:10:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000508 name: use of repellent-treated clothing def: "The process of wearing clothing treated with a repellent substance.\n\n\nCOMMENT:\nNumerous different naturally or synthetically derived chemical compounds can be used as repellents on clothing to prevent arthropods from contacting humans." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000516 ! personal protection against arthropod bites created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-22T01:03:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000509 name: naturally derived repellent def: "Chemical repellent obtained from natural naturally occurring sources.\nCOMMENT:\nNumerous different naturally derived chemical compounds (for example citronella oil) can be used as repellents to prevent vectors from contacting humans." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-22T01:03:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000510 name: repellent substance def: "Chemical repellent that keeps organisms away.\n\nCOMMENT:\nNumerous different synthetically derived chemical compounds (for example DEET) can be used as repellents to prevent vectors from contacting humans." [VSMO:Authors] is_obsolete: true created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-22T01:03:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000514 name: collection of resting insects capable of flight def: "The process of gathering insects capable of flight while they are still (not in motion)." [] is_a: VSMO:0001445 ! collection of arthropods relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0001446 ! collection of the adult flying stage of insects created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-08-10T02:03:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000516 name: personal protection against arthropod bites def: "Protection against arthropod bites that relates to use by, and protection for, a single human." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000076 ! protection against arthropod bites relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000164 ! vector management created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-22T01:20:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000518 name: use of house air conditioning def: "A planned process with the objective to control indoor temperature.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCan protect against vectors in that it reduces the need for keeping windows and doors open and thus prevents entry by arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000011 ! planned process created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-22T01:22:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000519 name: use of house screening def: "The process of using screens to cover openings in a building.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCan protect against vectors in that it prevents entry by arthropods and thus reduces indoor vector biting of humans." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000076 ! protection against arthropod bites created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-22T01:22:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000520 name: use of arthropod irritant def: "Protection against arthropod bites through the use of a device which produces a stimulus that drives away arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nVarious non chemical methods have been developed to discourage mosquitoes and other arthropods from contacting humans, including use of devices producing noise or electricity." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000076 ! protection against arthropod bites created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-22T01:24:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000521 name: use of protective clothing def: "The process of wearing clothing that provides a physical barrier to the environment.\n\nCOMMENT:\nClothing can help prevent contact between arthropods and humans. One example is tucking your socks and shirt into your pants to force a hard tick to crawl a longer distance before encountering skin; this increases the chance that the tick will either be brushed off your pants or be discovered and removed, especially if the clothing is light colored and provides contrast with the darker tick. Protection can be enhanced by adding a pesticide to the clothing." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000516 ! personal protection against arthropod bites created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-22T01:24:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000522 name: pesticide delivery def: "The process of delivering pesticides with the intention of killing a target species.\n\nCOMMMENT:\nInvertebrate pests include insects, which can be killed with insecticidal pesticides (insecticides), and ticks and mites, which can be killed with acaricidal pesticides (acaricides)." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000094 ! material processing created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-23T08:40:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000523 name: thermal fogging def: "Space spraying that forms droplets by heating up a pesticide mixture.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe active ingredient used in thermal fogs is diluted in a carrier liquid, which is usually oil-based. Hot gas is used to heat the pesticide spray, decreasing the viscosity of the oil carrier, and vaporizing it. When it leaves the nozzle the vapor hits colder air and condenses to form a dense white cloud of fog. The hot emission gas is obtained from engine exhaust, friction plate/engine exhaust or from a pulse jet engine." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001958 ! space spraying created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-23T08:42:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000524 name: cold fogging def: "Space spraying that forms droplets by the mechanical breaking up of the pesticide mixture.\n\nCOMMENT: \nMechanical break up is achieved by passing the spray mixture through high-pressure nozzles or by passing a slow stream of the mixture through a high-velocity vortex of air. The spray droplets are generated without any external heat. With cold fogs the volume of spray is kept to a minimum." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001958 ! space spraying created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-23T08:42:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000525 name: oil-based ultra-low volume pesticide aerosol spray def: "Oil-based pesticide aerosol spray distributed as an ultra-low volume (ULV) spray dispersed from specialized equipment." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000289 ! oil-based pesticide aerosol spray created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-23T08:42:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000526 name: water-based ultra-low volume pesticide aerosol spray def: "Water-based pesticide aerosol spray distributed as an ultra-low volume (ULV) spray dispersed from specialized equipment." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000290 ! water-based pesticide aerosol spray created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-23T08:42:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000527 name: Anaplasma bovis def: "A bacterium of Genus Anaplasma with the species designation of bovis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (bovine anaplasmosis) in cattle. Occurs in Asia and Africa." [ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Ehrlichia bovis" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:186733 is_a: VSMO:0001718 ! Anaplasma relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000326 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000802 ! Rhipicephalus appendiculatus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-07T09:49:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000528 name: Borrelia def: "Borrelia is a Genus of Bacteria.\n\nCOMMENT:\nBorrelia is a Genus in Family Spirochaetaceae of Order Spirochaetales." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:138 is_a: VSMO:0000043 ! Bacteria created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-26T11:13:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000529 name: Borrelia burgdorferi def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of burgdorferi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (Lyme borreliosis, Lyme disease) in humans and domestic animals including dogs. Member of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species complex. Occurs in Europe, North America, and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:139 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000326 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000546 ! Ixodes pacificus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000631 ! Ixodes scapularis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000799 ! Ixodes persulcatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000801 ! Ixodes spinipalpis created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-26T11:28:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000531 name: Plasmodium def: "Plasmodium is a Genus of Phylum Apicomplexa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPlasmodium is a Genus in Order Haemospororida." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:5820 is_a: VSMO:0000006 ! Apicomplexa created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-26T01:21:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000532 name: Plasmodium falciparum def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Plasmodium with the species designation of falciparum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (malaria) in humans. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: IDOMAL:0000129 xref: NCBITaxon:5833 is_a: VSMO:0000531 ! Plasmodium relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000336 ! protozoan mosquito borne pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-26T01:22:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000534 name: Flavivirus def: "Flavivirus is a Genus in the virus Family of Flaviviridae." [ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11051 is_a: VSMO:0000045 ! viruses created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-26T01:26:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000535 name: West Nile virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of West Nile virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Includes the serotype Kunjin virus. Causes disease (West Nile fever, West Nile neuroinvasive disease) in humans and domestic animals including horses. Occurs in Africa, Europe, Asia, and the Americas." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11082 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000379 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000620 ! Culex pipiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000621 ! Culex quinquefasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000647 ! Aedes albopictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000649 ! Aedes atropalpus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000652 ! Aedes cantator relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000653 ! Culex erythrothorax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000654 ! Culex nigripalpus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000655 ! Culex restuans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000656 ! Culex tarsalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000671 ! Aedes triseriatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000673 ! Aedes canadensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000674 ! Aedes dorsalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000676 ! Aedes melanimon relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000679 ! Aedes japonicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000683 ! Coquillettidia perturbans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000685 ! Psorophora ferox relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000689 ! Culiseta melanura relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000690 ! Culiseta inornata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000691 ! Aedes vexans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000703 ! Culex antennatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000704 ! Culex bitaeniorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000705 ! Culex gelidus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000706 ! Culex sitiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000707 ! Culex tritaeniorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000708 ! Culex univittatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000726 ! Aedes taeniorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000743 ! Aedes kochi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000750 ! Aedes vigilax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000773 ! Culex annulirostris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000774 ! Culex vishnui relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002187 ! Aedes sollicitans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002191 ! Aedes sierrensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002192 ! Culex salinarius relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002225 ! Coquillettidia linealis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002226 ! Anopheles amictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002230 ! Culex stigmatosoma relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002237 ! Aedes caspius relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002250 ! Culex modestus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002251 ! Culex theileri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002255 ! Aedes lineatopennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002293 ! Aedes notoscriptus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002369 ! Culex pseudovishnui relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002370 ! Culex fuscocephala relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002444 ! Aedes alternans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002451 ! Aedes procax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002456 ! Aedes tremulus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002460 ! Culex australicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002679 ! Culex neavei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002689 ! Verrallina lineata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002690 ! Verrallina carmenti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002691 ! Verrallina funerea relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002694 ! Culiseta incidens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002712 ! Culex thriambus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-26T01:27:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000546 name: Ixodes pacificus def: "A hard tick of Genus Ixodes with the species designation of pacificus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the western black-legged tick. Occurs in North America.\nVector of:\nAnaplasma phagocytophilum\nBabesia duncani\nBorrelia bissettii\nBorrelia burgdorferi" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] xref: NCBITaxon:29930 is_a: VSMO:0002620 ! Ixodes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-29T08:55:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000547 name: arthropod collection def: "A group of arthropods collected within a defined geographic area within a defined time period." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000059 ! arthropod aggregate created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-08-15T03:00:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000554 name: Diptera def: "Diptera is an Order in Class Insecta.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called two-winged flies." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: "Two-winged flies" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:7147 is_a: VSMO:0000027 ! Insecta created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-29T11:15:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000555 name: Culicoides imicola def: "A biting midge of Genus Culicoides with the species designation of imicola.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa, Europe and Asia.\nVector of:\nAfrican horse sickness virus\nbluetongue virus\nequine encephalosis virus\nSuspected vector of:\nAkabane virus\nbovine ephemeral fever virus\nPalyam virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:10761580, URI:http\://www.culicoides.net/, URI:http\://www.inhs.illinois.edu/research/FLYTREE/CeratopogonidaeCatalog.pdf, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culicoides iraqensis Khalaf" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicoides minutus Sen and Das Gupta" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicoides pallidipennis Carter " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicoides pseudoturgidus Das Gupta" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:88399 is_a: VSMO:0002573 ! Culicoides created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-29T12:30:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000556 name: Culicidae def: "Culicidae is a Family in Order Diptera.\n\nCOMMENT: \nAlso called mosquitoes." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: "mosquitoes" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003818 xref: NCBITaxon:7157 is_a: VSMO:0000554 ! Diptera created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-29T12:34:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000557 name: Culex def: "Culex is a Genus in Family Culicidae." [URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:7174 is_a: VSMO:0000556 ! Culicidae created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-29T12:35:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000559 name: Glossinidae def: "Glossinidae is a Family in Order Diptera.\n\nCOMMENT: \nAlso called tsetse flies." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: " tsetse flies" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:7392 is_a: VSMO:0000554 ! Diptera created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-29T12:58:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000560 name: Glossina austeni def: "A tsetse fly of Genus Glossina with the species designation of austeni.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of :\nTrypanosoma simiae" [ISBN:0124732763, ISBN:1402014139] xref: NCBITaxon:7395 is_a: VSMO:0002572 ! Glossina created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-29T12:59:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000562 name: Psychodidae def: "Psychodidae is aFamily in Order Diptera.\n\nCOMMENT: \nAlso called phlebotomine sandflies." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: "phlebotomine sandflies" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:7197 is_a: VSMO:0000554 ! Diptera created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-29T01:31:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000564 name: Phlebotomus ariasi def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of ariasi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa and Europe. \nVector of:\nLeishmania infantum" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:59272 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-30T10:49:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000565 name: Simuliidae def: "Simuliidae is a Family in Order Diptera.\n\nCOMMENT: \nAlso called blackflies." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: "blackflies" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:7190 is_a: VSMO:0000554 ! Diptera created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-30T11:10:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000567 name: Simulium damnosum def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of damnosum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMember of the Simulium damnosum complex. Occurs in Africa. \nVector of:\nOnchocerca ochengi\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] synonym: "Simulium cingulatum Enderlein" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium hamedense Higazi, Boakye, Wilson, Mahmoud, Baroka, Mukhtar & Unnasch" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:37338 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-30T11:22:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000568 name: Heteroptera def: "Heteroptera is an Order in Class Insecta.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called true bugs." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: "true bugs" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:33345 is_a: VSMO:0000027 ! Insecta created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-30T11:25:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000569 name: Reduviidae def: "Reduviidae is a Family in Order Heteroptera.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called assassin bugs." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: "assassin bugs" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:27479 is_a: VSMO:0000568 ! Heteroptera created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-30T11:45:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000572 name: Phthiraptera def: "Phthiraptera is an Order in Class Insecta.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called lice." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: "lice" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:85819 is_a: VSMO:0000027 ! Insecta created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-30T12:10:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000578 name: Ornithodoros hermsi def: "A soft tick of Genus Ornithodoros with the species designation of hermsi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nBorrelia hermsii" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115] xref: NCBITaxon:303297 is_a: VSMO:0002616 ! Ornithodoros created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T09:36:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000579 name: Ornithodoros parkeri def: "A soft tick of Genus Ornithodoros with the species designation of parkeri.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nBorrelia parkeri\nRoyal Farm virus (Karshi virus)" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:140564 is_a: VSMO:0002616 ! Ornithodoros created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T09:37:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000580 name: Ornithodoros turicata def: "A soft tick of Genus Ornithodoros with the species designation of turicata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nAfrican swine fever virus\nBorrelia turicatae\nCoxiella burnetii" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115] xref: NCBITaxon:34597 is_a: VSMO:0002616 ! Ornithodoros created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T09:37:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000581 name: Ornithodoros moubata def: "A soft tick of Genus Ornithodoros with the species designation of moubata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the African tampan. Occurs in Africa.\n\nVector of:\nAegyptianella pullorum\nAfrican swine fever virus\nBorrelia anserina\nBorrelia duttonii\nCoxiella burnetii" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115] xref: NCBITaxon:6938 is_a: VSMO:0002616 ! Ornithodoros created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T09:40:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000582 name: Aedes def: "Aedes is a Genus in Family Culicidae." [URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:7158 is_a: VSMO:0000556 ! Culicidae created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T09:43:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000583 name: Aedes aegypti def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of aegypti.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs worldwide.\nVector of:\nBarmah Forest virus\nBunyamwera virus\nchikungunya virus\nDengue virus\nDirofilaria immitis\nDirofilaria repens\nIlesha virus\nIlheus virus\nMarituba virus\nMayaro virus\nMucambo virus\no'nyong-nyong virus\nOriboca virus\nPlasmodium gallinaceum\nRift Valley fever virus\nRoss River virus\nSemliki Forest virus\nSetaria digitata\nSindbis virus\nsnowshoe hare virus\nVenezuelan equine encephalitis virus \nvesicular stomatitis virus (Indiana serotype)\nWesselsbron virus\nWest Nile virus\nWuchereria bancrofti\nyellow fever virus\nZika virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:14195513, PMID:15691009, PMID:16913829, Rodhain:1997, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex aegypti Linnaeus" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex albopalposus Becker " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex anguste-alatus Becker " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex annulitarsis Macquart" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex argenteus Poiret " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex bancrofti Skuse " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex calopus Meigen" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex elegans Ficalbi " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex exagitans Walker " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex excitans Walker " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex fasciatus Fabricius " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex frater Robineau-Desvoidy " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex inexorabilis Walker " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex insatiabilis Bigot " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex kounoupi Brulle " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex mosquito Robineau-Desvoidy " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex rossii Giles " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex sugens Wiedemann " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex taeniatus Wiedemann " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex toxorhynchus Macquart " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex viridifrons Walker " EXACT [] synonym: "Duttonia alboannulis Ludlow " EXACT [] synonym: "Mimeteomyia pulcherrima Taylor" EXACT [] synonym: "Stegomyia aegypti" EXACT [] synonym: "Stegomyia calopus var. canariensis Pittaluga " EXACT [] synonym: "Stegomyia fasciata persistans Banks " EXACT [] synonym: "Stegomyia fasciata var. atritarsis Edwards " EXACT [] synonym: "Stegomyia fasciata var. luciensis Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Stegomyia fasciata var. queenslandensis Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Stegomyia nigeria Theobald " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000518 xref: NCBITaxon:7159 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T09:43:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000584 name: Anopheles def: "Anopheles is a Genus in Family Culicidae." [URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:7164 is_a: VSMO:0000556 ! Culicidae created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T09:44:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000585 name: Anopheles gambiae def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of gambiae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa and the Middle East.\nVector of:\no'nyong-nyong virus\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nPlasmodium gallinaceum\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21129198, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles costalis Giles" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles gracilis Doenitz " EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles minor Holstein " EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles typicus Holstein" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003829 xref: NCBITaxon:7165 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T09:44:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000586 name: Anopheles stephensi def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of stephensi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nPlasmodium gallinaceum\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles folquei de Mello" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles metaboles Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles stephensi var. mysorensis Sweet and Rao" EXACT [] synonym: "Neocellia intermedia Rothwell" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003601 xref: NCBITaxon:30069 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T09:45:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000587 name: Anopheles albimanus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of albimanus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nchikungunya virus\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nSemliki Forest virus\nSindbis virus\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:20712879, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp] synonym: "Anopheles albimanus bisignatus Hoffman" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles albimanus trisignatus Hoffman" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles argyrotarsis ssp. albipes Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles cubensis Agramonte" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles gorgasi Dyar and Knab" EXACT [] synonym: "Celliu argyritarsis tarsimacdata Goeldi" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000071 xref: NCBITaxon:7167 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T09:46:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000592 name: Ornithodoros coriaceus def: "A soft tick of Genus Ornithodoros with the species designation of coriaceus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nAfrican swine fever virus\nSuspected vector of:\nBorrelia coriaceae" [ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:14570115] xref: NCBITaxon:92741 is_a: VSMO:0002616 ! Ornithodoros created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T10:17:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000593 name: Ornithodoros erraticus def: "A soft tick of Genus Ornithodoros with the species designation of erraticus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Europe and Africa.\nVector of:\nAfrican swine fever virus\nBorrelia crocidurae\nBorrelia hispanica\nCoxiella burnetii" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115] xref: NCBITaxon:265619 is_a: VSMO:0002616 ! Ornithodoros created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T10:18:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000594 name: Ornithodoros porcinus def: "A soft tick of Genus Ornithodoros with the species designation of porcinus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa. Includes the subspecies Ornithodoros porcinus porcinus, Ornithodoros porcinus avivora, and Ornithodoros porcinus domesticus.\nVector of:\nAfrican swine fever virus" [ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:14570115] xref: NCBITaxon:34594 is_a: VSMO:0002616 ! Ornithodoros created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T10:18:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000599 name: Pediculidae def: "Pediculidae is a Family in Order Phthiraptera." [ISBN:0124732763] xref: NCBITaxon:121221 is_a: VSMO:0000572 ! Phthiraptera created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T10:46:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000602 name: Pediculus humanus def: "A louse of Genus Pediculus with the species designation of humanus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the human body louse (Pediculus humanus humanus) or human head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis). Occurs worldwide. \nVector of:\nBartonella quintana\nBorrelia recurrentis\nRickettsia conorii\nRickettsia prowazekii\nRickettsia rickettsia" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Pediculus corporis" EXACT [] synonym: "Pediculus vestimenti" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:121225 is_a: VSMO:0002580 ! Pediculus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T11:07:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000609 name: Siphonaptera def: "Siphonaptera is an Order in Class Insecta.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called fleas." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: "fleas" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:7509 is_a: VSMO:0000027 ! Insecta created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T12:00:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000610 name: Pulicidae def: "Pulicidae is a Family in Order Siphonaptera." [ISBN:0124732763] xref: NCBITaxon:7511 is_a: VSMO:0000609 ! Siphonaptera created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-01T12:04:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000615 name: Arachnida def: "Arachnida is a Class within Phylum Arthropoda." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: "arachnid" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:6854 is_a: VSMO:0000026 ! Arthropoda created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-02T09:32:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000616 name: Acari def: "Acari is an Order in Class Arachnida.\n\nCOMMENT: \nAlso called acarines. Includes mites and ticks." [ISBN:0124732763] synonym: "mite" RELATED [] synonym: "tick" RELATED [] xref: NCBITaxon:6933 is_a: VSMO:0000615 ! Arachnida created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-02T09:33:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000618 name: Leptotrombidium arenicola def: "A mite of Genus Leptotrombidium with the species designation of arenicola.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nOrientia tsutsugamushi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:4212400] is_a: VSMO:0002611 ! Leptotrombidium created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-02T09:56:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000619 name: ectoparasitic arthropod load of vertebrate def: "Arthropod aggregate in the form of external parasites regardless of taxon present on a single vertebrate." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0002028 ! measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-08-17T10:01:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000620 name: Culex pipiens def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of pipiens.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIncludes the subspecies Culex pipiens pipiens and Culex pipiens pallens. Occurs worldwide.\nVector of:\nDirofilaria immitis\nDirofilaria repens\nIlheus virus\nJapanese encephalitis virus\nRift Valley fever virus\nSetaria digitata\nSt. Louis encephalitis virus\nVenezuelan equine encephalitis virus \nWest Nile virus\nwestern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:15691009, PMID:19067628, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex agilis Bigot" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex autogenicus ssp. sternopallidus Roubaud" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex autogenicus ssp. sternopunctatus Roubaud" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex azoriensis Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex bicolor Meigen " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex bicolor var. quasimodestus Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex calcitrans Robineau-Desvoidy" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex calloti Rioux and Pech" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex calloti Rioux and Pech " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex comitatus Dyar and Knab" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex consobrinus Robineau-Desvoidy " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex domesticus Germar" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex erectus Iglisch" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex fasciatus Mueller" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex haematophagus Ficalbi" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex longefurcatus Becker" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex luteus Meigen" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex marginalis Stephens" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex melanorhinus Giles" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex meridionalis Leach" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex molestus Forskal" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex osakaensis Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex pallipes Macquart " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex pallipes Waltl" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex phytophagus Ficalbi" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex pipiens ssp. autogenicus Roubaud" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex pipiens ssp. berbericus Roubaud" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex pipiens ssp. disjunctus Roubaud" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex pipiens var. doliorum Edwards" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex quinquefasciatus dipseticus Dyar and Knab" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex rufinus Bigot" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex rufus Meigen" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex thoracicus Robineau-Desvoidy" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex torridus Iglisch. " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex trifurcatus Fabricius" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex unistriatus Curtis" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex varioannulatus Theobald" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002641 xref: NCBITaxon:7175 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-02T11:27:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000621 name: Culex quinquefasciatus def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of quinquefasciatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs worldwide.\nVector of:\nBarmah Forest virus\nDirofilaria immitis\nIlheus virus\nJapanese encephalitis virus\nMurray Valley encephalitis virus\nOropouche virus\nRoss River virus\nSetaria digitata\nSindbis virus\nSt. Louis encephalitis virus\nWesselsbron virus\nWest Nile virus\nWuchereria bancrofti\nSuspected vector of:\nbovine ephemeral fever virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, ISBN:9789241209496, PMID:10761580, PMID:15691009, PMID:18973445, PMID:19067628, PMID:19941975, PMID:9673928, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: " Culex acer Walker " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex aestuans Wiedemann " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex aikenii Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex albolineatus Giles " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex anxifer Bigot " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex aseyehae Dyar and Knab" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex autumnalis Weyenbergh " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex barbarus Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex cartroni Ventrillon " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex christophersii Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex cingulatus Doleschall " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex cubensis Bigot " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex didieri Neveu-Lemaire " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex doleschallii Giles " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex fatigans ssp. luteoannulatus Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex fatigans ssp. nigrirostris Enderlein " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex fatigans ssp. trilineatus Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex fatigans Wiedemann " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex fouchowensis Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex goughii Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex hensemaeon Dyar " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex lachrimans Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex macleayi Skuse " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex minor Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex pallidocephala Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex penafieli Sanchez " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex pungens Wiedemann " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex pygmaeus Neveu-Lemaire " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex quasilinealis Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex quasipipiens Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex raymondii Tamayo " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex reesi Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex revocator Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex sericeus Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex serotinus Philippi " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex skusii Giles " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex stoehri Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex townsvillensis Taylor " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex zeltneri Neveu-Lemaire " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicelsa fuscus Taylor " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002654 xref: NCBITaxon:7176 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-02T11:29:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000624 name: Amblyomma americanum def: "A hard tick of Genus Amblyomma with the species designation of americanum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the lone star tick. Occurs in North America.\n\nVector of:\nCoxiella burnetii\nCytauxzoon felis\nEhrlichia canis\nEhrlichia chaffeensis\nEhrlichia ewingii\nFrancisella tularensis\nSuspected vector of:\nBorrelia lonestari \nRickettsia parkeri\nRickettsia rickettsii" [ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:6943 is_a: VSMO:0002618 ! Amblyomma created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-05T10:05:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000625 name: Amblyomma cajennense def: "A hard tick of Genus Amblyomma with the species designation of cajennense.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the cayenne tick. Occurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nEhrlichia ruminantium\nRickettsia rickettsii\nTheileria equi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:34607 is_a: VSMO:0002618 ! Amblyomma created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-05T10:05:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000626 name: Amblyomma variegatum def: "A hard tick of Genus Amblyomma with the species designation of variegatum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the tropical bont tick. Occurs in Africa and the Caribbean.\nVector of:\nCoxiella burnetii\nCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus\nDugbe virus\nEhrlichia ruminantium\nNairobi sheep disease virus\nRickettsia africae\nRickettsia conorii\nTheileria mutans\nTheileria ovis\nTheileria velifera\nThogoto virus" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:34610 is_a: VSMO:0002618 ! Amblyomma created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-05T10:05:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000628 name: Dermacentor andersoni def: "A hard tick of Genus Dermacentor with the species designation of andersoni.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the Rocky Mountain wood tick. Occurs in North America.\nVector of:\nAnaplasma marginale\nAnaplasma ovis\nColorado tick fever virus\nCoxiella burnetii\nFrancisella tularensis\nPowassan virus\nRickettsia rickettsii" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] xref: NCBITaxon:34620 is_a: VSMO:0002619 ! Dermacentor created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-05T10:30:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000629 name: Dermacentor variabilis def: "A hard tick of Genus Dermacentor with the species designation of variabilis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the American dog tick. Occurs in North America.\n\nVector of:\nAnaplasma marginale\nAnaplasma ovis\nBabesia caballi\nCytauxzoon felis\nEhrlichia canis\nEhrlichia chaffeensis\nFrancisella tularensis\nRickettsia rickettsii\nTheileria equi" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:34621 is_a: VSMO:0002619 ! Dermacentor created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-05T10:30:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000630 name: Ixodes ricinus def: "A hard tick of Genus Ixodes with the species designation of ricinus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the common sheep tick or the castor bean tick. Occurs in Europe and Asia.\nVector of:\nAnaplasma marginale\nAnaplasma phagocytophilum\nBabesia bovis\nBabesia divergens\nBabesia jakimovi\nBabesia microti\nBartonella henselae\nBorrelia afzelii\nBorrelia bissettii\nBorrelia burgdorferi\nBorrelia garinii\nBorrelia lusitaniae\nBorrelia spielmanii\nBorrelia valaisiana\nCoxiella burnetii\nEyach virus\nFrancisella tularensis\nLangat virus\nlouping ill virus\nRickettsia conorii\nRickettsia helvetica\ntick-borne encephalitis virus\nSuspected vector of:\nBabesia venatorum" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:34613 is_a: VSMO:0002620 ! Ixodes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-05T10:37:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000631 name: Ixodes scapularis def: "A hard tick of Genus Ixodes with the species designation of scapularis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the black-legged tick or the deer tick. Occurs in North America.\nVector of:\nAnaplasma phagocytophilum\nBabesia microti\nBorrelia burgdorferi\nFrancisella tularensis\nPowassan virus" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ixodes dammini Spielman et al." EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:6945 is_a: VSMO:0002620 ! Ixodes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-05T10:37:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000633 name: Ixodes holocyclus def: "A hard tick of Genus Ixodes with the species designation of holocyclus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the Australian paraysis tick. Occurs in Australia.\nVector of:\nCoxiella burnetii\nRickettsia australis" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, PMID:9673928, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] xref: NCBITaxon:65647 is_a: VSMO:0002620 ! Ixodes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-05T10:37:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000635 name: Rhipicephalus sanguineus def: "A hard tick of Genus Rhipicephalus with the species designation of sanguineus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the brown dog tick. Occurs worldwide.\nVector of:\nAfrican horse sickness virus\nAnaplasma marginale\nAnaplasma platys\nBabesia caballi\nBabesia canis\nBabesia conradae\nBabesia gibsoni\nBabesia perroncitoi\nBabesia trautmanni\nCoxiella burnetii\nDugbe virus\nEhrlichia canis\nEhrlichia chaffeensis\nEhrlichia ewingii\nFrancisella tularensis\nHepatozoon americanum\nHepatozoon canis\nNairobi sheep disease virus\nRickettsia conorii\nRickettsia rickettsii\nRickettsia sibirica\nTheileria equi\nTheileria parva" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:34632 is_a: VSMO:0002623 ! Rhipicephalus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-05T10:54:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000646 name: Forcipomyia townsvillensis def: "A biting midge of Genus Forcipomyia with the species designation of townsvillensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Australia.\nVector of:\nOnchocerca cervicalis" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:1055119 is_a: VSMO:0002574 ! Forcipomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-05T12:06:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000647 name: Aedes albopictus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of albopictus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs worldwide.\nVector of:\nchikungunya virus\ndengue virus\nDirofilaria immitis\nDirofilaria repens\neastern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nJamestown Canyon virus\nJapanese encephalitis virus\nLa Crosse virus\nMayaro virus\nRift Valley fever virus\nRoss River virus\nVenezuelan equine encephalitis virus \nWest Nile virus\nyellow fever virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:10761580, PMID:14195513, PMID:19067628, Rodhain:1997, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex albopictus Skuse" EXACT [] synonym: "Stegomyia albopictus" EXACT [] synonym: "Stegomyia nigritia Ludlow " EXACT [] synonym: "Stegomyia quasinigritia Ludlow " EXACT [] synonym: "Stegomyia scutellaris ssp. samarensis Ludlow " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000522 xref: NCBITaxon:7160 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-05T12:16:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000649 name: Aedes atropalpus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of atropalpus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America and Europe.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium gallinaceum\nVenezuelan equine encephalitis virus \nWest Nile virus" [PMID:15691009, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ochlerotatus atropalpus" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000977 xref: NCBITaxon:28624 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-05T12:25:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000652 name: Aedes cantator def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of cantator.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nDirofilaria immitis\nRift Valley fever virus\nWest Nile virus" [ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex cantator Coquillett" EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus cantator" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001000 xref: NCBITaxon:329102 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-05T12:27:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000653 name: Culex erythrothorax def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of erythrothorax.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America and Central America.\nVector of:\nRift Valley fever virus\nSt. Louis encephalitis virus\nWest Nile virus" [PMID:15691009, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex badgeri Dyar " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex federalis Dyar " EXACT [] synonym: "Pseudotaeniorhynchus quasigelidus var. arabiensis Theobald " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002561 xref: NCBITaxon:42428 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T08:49:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000654 name: Culex nigripalpus def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of nigripalpus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nDirofilaria immitis\neastern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nPlasmodium hermani\nRift Valley fever virus\nSt. Louis encephalitis\nWest Nile virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:15691009, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex azuayus Levi-Castillo " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex caraibeus Howard, Dyar, and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex carmodyae Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex factor Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex flavipes var. biocellatus Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex microsquamosus Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex mortificator Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex palus Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex prasinopleurus Martini" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex prorimus Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex regulator Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex similis Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Trichopronomyia microannulata Theobald " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002622 xref: NCBITaxon:42429 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T08:54:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000655 name: Culex restuans def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of restuans.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America and Central America.\nVector of:\nSt. Louis encephalitis virus\nWest Nile virus" [PMID:15691009, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex brehmei Knab " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002657 xref: NCBITaxon:38742 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T08:56:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000656 name: Culex tarsalis def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of tarsalis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nIlheus virus\nJapanese encephalitis virus\nRift Valley fever virus\nSt. Louis encephalitis virus\nVenezuelan equine encephalitis virus \nWest Nile virus\nwestern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nSuspected vector of:\nCache Valley virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:15691009, PMID:19067628, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex kelloggii Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex willistoni Giles " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002687 xref: NCBITaxon:7177 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T08:57:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000660 name: Anopheles argyritarsis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of argyritarsis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Cellia rooti Brethes" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000152 xref: NCBITaxon:58241 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T09:04:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000661 name: Anopheles darlingi def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of darlingi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:20712879, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles darlingi var. paulistensis Galvao" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000155 xref: NCBITaxon:43151 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T09:05:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000662 name: Anopheles neivai def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of neivai.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nSuspected vector of:\nGuaroa virus" [ISBN:1402014139, PMID:20712879, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Anopheles hylephilus Dyar and Knab" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003640 xref: NCBITaxon:139046 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T09:21:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000663 name: Anopheles aztecus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of aztecus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles maculipennis ssp. aztecus Hoffmann " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000034 xref: NCBITaxon:49915 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T09:23:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000664 name: trapping of vertebrate def: "Collection of vertebrates by means of a trap to determine which species are present and how commonly they occur.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCan include mark-release-recapture to determine the abundance of a vertebrate species through a mark-release-recapture index." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000659 ! specimen collection relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000192 ! vertebrate host surveillance created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-04T12:14:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000665 name: Anopheles freeborni def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of freeborni.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nDirofilaria immitis\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nVenezuelan equine encephalitis virus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:20712879, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp] synonym: "Anopheles maculipennis ssp. freeborni Aitken " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000090 xref: NCBITaxon:7170 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T09:26:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000666 name: Anopheles pseudopunctipennis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of pseudopunctipennis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:20712879, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles argentinus Brethes" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles peruvianus Tamayo" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles tucumanus Lahille " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003429 xref: NCBITaxon:46955 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T09:27:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000667 name: Anopheles punctimacula def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of punctimacula.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles strigimacula Dyar and Knab" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles venezuelae Evans" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003438 xref: NCBITaxon:190378 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T09:29:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000669 name: Anopheles quadrimaculatus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of quadrimaculatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nCache Valley virus\nDirofilaria immitis\neastern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nSemliki Forest virus\nTensaw virus\nVenezuelan equine encephalitis virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:20712879, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp] synonym: "Anopheles annulimanus Van der Wulp " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003441 xref: NCBITaxon:7166 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T09:32:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000670 name: collection of arthropods from vertebrate host def: "The process of gathering arthropods from a vertebrate host.\n\nCOMMENT:\nDirect collection of ectoparasitic arthropods (for example hard ticks or fleas) from their vertebrate hosts is used to determine on-host abundance." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001445 ! collection of arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-04T12:30:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000671 name: Aedes triseriatus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of triseriatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nchikungunya virus\ndengue virus\nDirofilaria immitis\nEverglades virus\nLa Crosse virus\nRift Valley fever virus\nVenezuelan equine encephalitis virus \nWest Nile virus\nSuspected vector of:\nJamestown Canyon virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:15691009, Rodhain:1997, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex triseriatus Say" EXACT [] synonym: "Finlaya nigra Ludlow" EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus triseriatus" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001206 xref: NCBITaxon:7162 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T09:41:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000673 name: Aedes canadensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of canadensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nDirofilaria immitis\neastern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nJamestown Canyon virus\nRift Valley fever virus\nsnowshoe hare virus\nVenezuelan equine encephalitis virus \nWest Nile virus\nSuspected vector of:\nLa Crosse virus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex canadensis Theobald)" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex nivitarsis Coquillett " EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus canadensis" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000996 xref: NCBITaxon:228917 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T09:44:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000674 name: Aedes dorsalis def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of dorsalis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America, Europe, and Asia.\nVector of:\nCalifornia encephalitis virus\nJamestown Canyon virus\nJapanese encephalitis virus\nWest Nile virus\nwestern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nSuspected vector of:\nCache Valley virus (suspected vector)" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19067628, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp] synonym: "Culex dorsalis Meigen" EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus dorsalis" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001002 xref: NCBITaxon:663928 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T09:45:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000675 name: Aedes infirmatus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of infirmatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nDirofilaria immitis\ntrivittatus virus" [ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ochlerotatus infirmatus" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001059 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T09:46:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000676 name: Aedes melanimon def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of melanimon.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nCalifornia encephalitis virus\nwestern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nWest Nile virus\nSuspected vector of:\nCache Valley virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:15691009, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp] synonym: "Aedes klotsi Matheson " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes mediolineata (Ludlow) " EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus melanimon" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001077 xref: NCBITaxon:767022 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T09:51:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000677 name: Aedes scapularis def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of scapularis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nIlheus virus\nMayaro virus\nWuchereria bancrofti\nyellow fever virus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Aedes camposanus Dyar. " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes hemisurus Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes indolescens Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex scapularis Rondani" EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus confirmatus Lynch Arribalzaga " EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus scapularis" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001126 xref: NCBITaxon:571210 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T09:51:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000678 name: Aedes trivittatus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of trivittatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nDirofilaria immitis\ntrivittatus virus\nwestern equine encephalomyelitis virus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex trivittatus Coquillett" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex inconspicuus Grossbeck " EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus trivittatus" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001159 xref: NCBITaxon:228918 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T09:51:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000679 name: Aedes japonicus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of japonicus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America, Europe and Asia.\nVector of:\neastern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nJapanese encephalitis virus\nLa Crosse virus\nWest Nile virus" [PMID:19067628, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Aedes bisanensis Suzuki, Tanimura, Miyagawa and Murata " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes eucleptes Dyar " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes tokushimaensis Tanimura " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex japonicus Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Ohlerotatus japonicus" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000761 xref: NCBITaxon:140438 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T10:01:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000680 name: Coquillettidia def: "Coquillettidia is a Genus in Family Culicidae." [URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:329110 is_a: VSMO:0000556 ! Culicidae created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T10:09:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000683 name: Coquillettidia perturbans def: "A mosquito of Genus Coquillettidia with the species designation of perturbans.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nCache Valley virus\neastern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nJamestown Canyon virus\nWest Nile virus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:15691009, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex ochropus Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex perturbans Walker" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex testaceus Van der Wulp " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002347 xref: NCBITaxon:329111 is_a: VSMO:0000680 ! Coquillettidia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T10:16:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000684 name: Psorophora def: "Psorophora is a Genus in Family Culicidae." [URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:7182 is_a: VSMO:0000556 ! Culicidae created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T10:25:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000685 name: Psorophora ferox def: "A mosquito of Genus Psorophora with the species designation of ferox.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nDirofilaria immitis\neastern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nIlheus virus\nMucambo virus (subtype IIIC virus)\nVenezuelan equine encephalitis virus\nWest Nile virus\nSuspected vector of:\nwyeomyia virus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:16646325, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Aedes pazosi Pazos" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex ferox Von Humboldt" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex musicus Say " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex posticatus Wiedemann" EXACT [] synonym: "Janthinosoma centrale Brethes " EXACT [] synonym: "Janthinosoma coquillettii Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Janthinosoma echinata Grabham " EXACT [] synonym: "Janthinosoma sayi Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Janthinosoma sayi Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Janthinosoma sayi var. jamaicensis Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Janthinosoma terminalis Coquillett " EXACT [] synonym: "Janthinosoma vanhalli Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001328 xref: NCBITaxon:7183 is_a: VSMO:0000684 ! Psorophora created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T10:25:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000686 name: Mansonia def: "Mansonia is a Genus in Family Culicidae." [URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:149459 is_a: VSMO:0000556 ! Culicidae created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T10:35:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000687 name: Mansonia titillans def: "A mosquito of Genus Mansonia with the species designation of titillans.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nWuchereria bancrofti\nSuspected vector of:\nVenezuelan equine encephalitis virus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Culex titillans (Walker) " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001265 xref: NCBITaxon:869066 is_a: VSMO:0000686 ! Mansonia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T10:35:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000688 name: Culiseta def: "Culiseta is a Genus in Family Culicidae." [URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:174825 is_a: VSMO:0000556 ! Culicidae created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T10:39:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000689 name: Culiseta melanura def: "A mosquito of Genus Culiseta with the species designation of melanura.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\neastern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nHighlands J virus\nwestern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nWest Nile virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:15691009, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex melanura Coquillett" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002381 xref: NCBITaxon:329109 is_a: VSMO:0000688 ! Culiseta created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T10:40:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000690 name: Culiseta inornata def: "A mosquito of Genus Culiseta with the species designation of inornata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nCache Valley virus\nCalifornia encephalitis virus\nJamestown Canyon virus\nJapanese encephalitis virus\nsnowshoe hare virus\nWest Nile virus\nwestern equine encephalomyelitis virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:15691009, PMID:19067628, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex inornata Williston" EXACT [] synonym: "Culiseta magnipennis Felt" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002409 xref: NCBITaxon:704160 is_a: VSMO:0000688 ! Culiseta created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T10:40:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000691 name: Aedes vexans def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of vexans.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs worldwide.\nVector of:\nCache Valley virus\nDirofilaria immitis\neastern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nGetah virus\nJapanese encephalitis virus\nRift Valley fever virus\nSetaria labiatopapillosa\nSt. Louis encephalitis virus\nTahyna virus\nVenezuelan equine encephalitis virus \nWest Nile virus\nwestern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nSuspected vector of:\nWesselsbron virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:15691009, PMID:19067628, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Aedes euochrus Howard, Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex articulatus Rondani " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex malariae Grassi " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex montcalmi Blanchard " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex parvus Macquart " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex sudanensis Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex sylvestris Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex vexans Meigen" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicada eruthrosops Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicada minuta Theobald " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000372 xref: NCBITaxon:7163 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T10:45:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000692 name: arthropod reproduction namespace: biological_process def: "The biological process of reproduction conducted by an arthropod." [VSMO:Author] is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological process created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-08-17T02:43:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000693 name: Anopheles atroparvus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of atroparvus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Europe and Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:21129198, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles atroparvus race cambournaci Roubaud and Treillard" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles maculipennis var. atroparvus Van Thiel" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles maculipennis var. fallax Roubaud" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000032 xref: NCBITaxon:41427 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T10:49:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000694 name: Anopheles claviger def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of claviger.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Europe and Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles algeriensis var. turkestani Shingarev" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles amaurus Martini" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles bifurcatus var. missiroli Del Vecchio" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles chabibi Mulligan and Puri" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles claviger var. pollutus Canamares" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles grisescens Stephens " EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles villosus Robineau-Desvoidy" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex claviger Meigen" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000058 xref: NCBITaxon:120868 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T10:49:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000695 name: Anopheles messeae def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of messeae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Europe and Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:21129198, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles claviger var. messeae Falleroni" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000139 xref: NCBITaxon:41430 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T10:49:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000696 name: Anopheles sacharovi def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of sacharovi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Europe and Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:21129198, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles elutus Edwards" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003445 xref: NCBITaxon:72408 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T10:49:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000697 name: Anopheles arabiensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of arabiensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa and the Middle East.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21129198, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40002224 xref: NCBITaxon:7173 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:00:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000698 name: Anopheles moucheti def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of moucheti.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:21129198, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles marshalli var. moucheti Evans " EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles nigeriensis Evans" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003540 xref: NCBITaxon:186751 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:00:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000699 name: Anopheles multicolor def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of multicolor.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa and Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles impunctus Doenitz" EXACT [] synonym: "Pyretophorus chaudoyei Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Pyretophorus nigrifasciatus Theobald" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003546 xref: NCBITaxon:273151 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:00:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000700 name: Anopheles pulcherrimus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of pulcherrimus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Cellia pulcherrimus var. atropotenae Lindtrop " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003570 xref: NCBITaxon:159154 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:00:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000701 name: Anopheles sergentii def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of sergentii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa and Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:21129198, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles macmahoni var. barkhuusi Giaquinto-Mira" EXACT [] synonym: "Pyretophorus sergentii Theobald" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003593 xref: NCBITaxon:273454 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:00:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000702 name: Anopheles superpictus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of superpictus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:21129198, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles atheniensis Cardamatis" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles hellenicus Peus" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles superpictus var. berestnevi Shingarev" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles superpictus var. vassilievii Portschinsky" EXACT [] synonym: "Pyretophorus cardamatisi Newstead and Carter" EXACT [] synonym: "Pyretophorus nursei Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Pyretophorus palestinensis Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Pyretophorus superpictus var. macedoniensis Cot and Hovasse" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003606 xref: NCBITaxon:262673 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:00:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000703 name: Culex antennatus def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of antennatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa and Asia.\nVector of:\nRift Valley fever virus\nSindbis virus\nWest Nile virus\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Anopheles antennatus Becker" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex laurenti Newstead " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002501 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:17:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000704 name: Culex bitaeniorhynchus def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of bitaeniorhynchus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa, Asia, and Australia.\nVector of:\nSindbis virus\nWest Nile virus\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:18973445, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culicelsa abdominalis Taylor " EXACT [] synonym: "Taeniorhynchus ager var. ethiopicus Edwards. " EXACT [] synonym: "Taeniorhynchus ager Giles " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002524 xref: NCBITaxon:69822 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:17:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000705 name: Culex gelidus def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of gelidus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nJapanese encephalitis virus\nWest Nile virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:18973445, PMID:19067628, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex cuneatus Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Meucomyia bipunctata Theobald " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002567 xref: NCBITaxon:308713 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:17:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000706 name: Culex sitiens def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of sitiens.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa, Asia, and Australia.\nVector of:\nBarmah Forest virus\nchikungunya virus\nJapanese encephalitis virus\nRoss River virus\nSindbis virus\nWest Nile virus\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:18973445, PMID:19067628, PMID:19941975, PMID:9673928, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex gnophodes Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex impellens Walker " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex jepsoni Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex mauritanicus Callot. " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex microannulatus Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex nigricephala Leicester " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex saibaii Taylor " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex salinus Baisas " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex somaliensis Neveu-Lemaire " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicada annulata Taylor " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicelsa annulirostris var. milni Taylor" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicelsa paludis Taylor " EXACT [] synonym: "salus Theobald " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002675 xref: NCBITaxon:162998 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:17:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000707 name: Culex tritaeniorhynchus def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of tritaeniorhynchus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa, Asia, and Europe.\nVector of:\nGetah virus\nJapanese encephalitis virus\nSindbis virus\nWest Nile virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:19067628, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex biroi Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex summorosus Dyar" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex tritaeniorhynchus var. siamensis Barraud and Christophers " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002701 xref: NCBITaxon:7178 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:17:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000708 name: Culex univittatus def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of univittatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa and Europe.\nVector of:\nSindbis virus\nWest Nile virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp] synonym: "Culex ataeniatus Theobald. " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex goughii Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Heptaphlebomyia simplex Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Heptaphleobmyia montforti Ventrillon " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002704 xref: NCBITaxon:420550 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:17:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000709 name: Mansonia uniformis def: "A mosquito of Genus Mansonia with the species designation of uniformis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa, Asia, and Australia.\nVector of:\nBrugia malayi\nBunyamwera virus\nMurray Valley encephalitis virus\nRoss River virus\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:19941975, PMID:9673928, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Mansonia marquesensis Dyar " EXACT [] synonym: "Panoplites africanus var. reversus Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Panoplites australiensis Giles " EXACT [] synonym: "Panoplites uniformis Theobald" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001278 xref: NCBITaxon:308735 is_a: VSMO:0000686 ! Mansonia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:34:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000711 name: Coquillettidia fuscopennata def: "A mosquito of Genus Coquillettidia with the species designation of fuscopennata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nRift Valley fever virus" [URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Chrysoconops bakeri Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex drymoecius Speiser " EXACT [] synonym: "Taeniorhynchus fuscopennata Theobald. " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002328 xref: NCBITaxon:667558 is_a: VSMO:0000680 ! Coquillettidia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:54:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000712 name: Anopheles funestus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of funestus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\no'nyong-nyong virus\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21129198, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles funestus var. anisochloros Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles funestus var. subumbrosa Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles funestus var. umbrosa Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles hebes Doenitz" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles imerinensis Monier and Treillard" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles kumasii Chalmers" EXACT [] synonym: "Myzomyia bisignata Grunberg " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003834 xref: NCBITaxon:62324 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:57:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000715 name: Anopheles melas def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of melas.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21129198, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles costalis var. melas Theobald. " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003532 xref: NCBITaxon:34690 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:57:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000716 name: Anopheles merus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of merus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21129198, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles merus ssp. litoralis Halcrow" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles tangensis Kuhlow" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003534 xref: NCBITaxon:30066 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:57:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000717 name: Anopheles nili def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of nili.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles funesta var. nigra Christophers" EXACT [] synonym: "Myzomyia nili Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Myzomyia unicolor Grunberg" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003551 xref: NCBITaxon:185578 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T11:57:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000718 name: use of pesticide-impregnated plastic sheet def: "The process of deploying a pesticide-impregnated plastic sheet.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCan be used to prevent intrusion of vectors into an indoor environment or temporary shelter." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000076 ! protection against arthropod bites relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000504 ! delivery of pesticide in solid material created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-04T01:16:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000719 name: Aedes africanus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of africanus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nchikungunya virus\ndengue virus\nyellow fever virus\nSuspected vector of:\nOrungo virus (suspected vector)\nRift Valley fever virus (suspected vector)\nZika virus (suspected vector)" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:16913829, Rodhain:1997, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Stegomyia africanus" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000520 xref: NCBITaxon:667568 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T12:15:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000721 name: Aedes mcintoshi def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of mcintoshi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa and Australia.\nVector of:\nRift Valley fever virus\nWesselsbron virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40000487 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T12:18:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000722 name: Aedes furcifer def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of furcifer.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nchikungunya virus\ndengue virus\nyellow fever virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:16913829, Rodhain:1997, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp] synonym: "Diceromyia africana Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Mansonia nigra Theobald " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000424 xref: NCBITaxon:299627 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T12:35:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000723 name: Aedes taylori def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of taylori.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nchikungunya virus\nyellow fever virus\nSuspected vector of:\ndengue virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:16913829, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40000442 xref: NCBITaxon:299628 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T12:38:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000725 name: Aedes albifasciatus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of albifasciatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nwestern equine encephalomyelitis virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Aedes colonarius Dyar " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes philippii Dyar " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex albifasciatus Macquart" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex annuliferus E. Blanchard " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex flavipes Macquart " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex vittatus Philippi " EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus albifasciatus" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000967 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T12:43:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000726 name: Aedes taeniorhynchus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of taeniorhynchus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nCache Valley virus\nDirofilaria immitis\nEverglades virus\nRift Valley fever virus\nSt. Louis encephalitis virus\nVenezuelan equine encephalitis virus\nWest Nile virus\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, PMID:14651460, PMID:15691009, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Aedes epinolus Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes pix Martini. " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex damnosus Say " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex portoricensis Ludlow " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex taeniorhynchus Wiedemann" EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus" EXACT [] synonym: "Taeniorhynchus niger Giles " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001152 xref: NCBITaxon:329105 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T12:44:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000727 name: CDC light trap def: "Powered trap, developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and designated the CDC light trap, which combines a visual light attractant and short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods, and which can be enhanced with an olfactory attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe original model was made from a 1-ft length of 3 1/4 inch internal diameter plexiglas tubing, slotted on each side to receive a metal bracket. A 4.5-V d.c. motor was mounted on the bracket and a 2 5/8 inches two-bladed fan made from plastic or aluminum was fixed on its spindle. A 4-V torch bulb was mounted directly above the motor at the top of the trap body. The motor and light-bulb drew 0.15 A each. A detachable wire mesh screen was placed over the entrance of the trap body to exclude large insects. A fine cloth mesh bag with a long narrow neck was fitted to the end of the trap body to receive the catch. Finally, a large plastic or metal flat cover was placed above the trap to protect it from rain when used outdoors.\n\nThere have been many changes to the original design of the CDC trap, some of the most important involve substituting 1.5-V D-cell torch batteries, or 1.25-V nickel-cadmium rechargeable batteries, or more recently a 6-V gel-cell battery, for the original motorcycle battery. Other changes include the employment of much more efficient miniature motors and 4- bladed or multi-bladed fans to ensure a better flow of air through the trap, incorporation of automatic timers to switch traps on and off, segregating mechanisms for sorting the catch into time-intervals, and frequently the use of less powerful lights, such as grain of wheat bulbs, although this is usually accompanied by supplementation with dry ice." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods creation_date: 2012-01-05T01:41:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000728 name: Anopheles bellator def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of bellator.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:20712879, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles bellator bromelicola Dyar" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003633 xref: NCBITaxon:139047 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T12:50:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000729 name: Anopheles cruzii def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of cruzii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America and Central America.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:20712879, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles lutzii Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles montemor Correa" EXACT [] synonym: "Myzorhynchella adolphoi Neiva" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003635 xref: NCBITaxon:68878 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T12:51:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000730 name: Anopheles albitarsis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of albitarsis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:20712879, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles albitarsis ssp. imperfectus Correa and Ramos " EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles albitarsis var. limai Galvao and Lane" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000151 xref: NCBITaxon:58236 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T12:52:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000731 name: Anopheles aquasalis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of aquasalis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Central America and South America.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:20712879, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles aquasalis var. delta Anduze" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles aquasalis var. guarauno Anduze" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles deltaorinoquensis Cova Garcia, Pulido and Amarista " EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles emilianus Komp" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles oswaldoi var. guarujaensis Ramos" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles tarsimaculatus var. aquasalis Curry " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000150 xref: NCBITaxon:42839 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T12:54:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000732 name: CDC miniature light trap model 512 def: "A commonly used and commercially available version of the CDC light trap." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000727 ! CDC light trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-05T01:56:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000733 name: Anopheles braziliensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of braziliensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America and the Caribbean.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:20712879, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles pessoai Galvao and Lane" EXACT [] synonym: "Cellia braziliensis Chagas" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000154 xref: NCBITaxon:58242 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T12:57:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000738 name: Haemagogus def: "Haemagogus is a Genus in Family Culicidae." [URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:7180 is_a: VSMO:0000556 ! Culicidae created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T01:06:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000739 name: Haemagogus leucocelaenus def: "A mosquito of Genus Haemagogus with the species designation of leucocelaenus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America and the Caribbean.\nVector of:\nyellow fever virus" [ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:16913829, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Aedes leucocelaenus Dyar and Shannon " EXACT [] synonym: "Haemagogus leucomelas Lutz, " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003260 is_a: VSMO:0000738 ! Haemagogus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T01:08:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000740 name: Haemagogus janthinomys def: "A mosquito of Genus Haemagogus with the species designation of janthinomys.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nyellow fever virus\nSuspected vector of:\nMayaro virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:16913829, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Haemagogus capricornii ssp. petrocchiae Martinez, Carcavallo, and Prosen " EXACT [] synonym: "Haemagogus spegazzinii ssp. falco Kumm, Osorno-Mesa, and Boshell-Manrique " EXACT [] synonym: "Haemagogus uriartei var. obscurescens Martini " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003278 is_a: VSMO:0000738 ! Haemagogus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T01:08:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000741 name: Haemagogus spegazzinii def: "A mosquito of Genus Haemagogus with the species designation of spegazzinii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nyellow fever virus" [ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Haemagogus lindneri Martini " EXACT [] synonym: "Haemagogus uriartei Shannon and Del Ponte " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003285 is_a: VSMO:0000738 ! Haemagogus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-06T01:08:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000742 name: Aedes fijiensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of fijiensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40000727 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T10:17:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000743 name: Aedes kochi def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of kochi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Australia, Asia, and the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nJapanese encephalitis virus\nWest Nile virus\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:18973445, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex kochi Donitz" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000771 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T10:20:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000744 name: Aedes oceanicus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of oceanicus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nBrugia malayi\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40000810 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T10:22:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000745 name: Aedes poicilius def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of poicilius.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Finlaya poicilia Theobald" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000820 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T10:35:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000746 name: Aedes samoanus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of samoanus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Finlaya samoanus Grunberg" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000834 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T10:36:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000747 name: Aedes togoi def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of togoi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia and North America.\nVector of:\nBrugia malayi\nchikungunya virus\nSemliki Forest virus\nSetaria digitata\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp] synonym: "Culicelsa togoi Theobald" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:55967 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T10:38:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000749 name: Aedes normanensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of normanensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Australia.\nVector of:\nBarmah Forest virus\nGan Gan virus\nKokobera virus\nMurray Valley encephalitis virus\nRoss River virus\nSindbis virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:9673928, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex normanensis Taylor" EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus normanensis" RELATED [] xref: MIRO:40001093 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T10:42:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000750 name: Aedes vigilax def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of vigilax.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Australia and the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nBarmah Forest virus\nchikungunya virus\nDirofilaria immitis\nGan Gan virus\nJapanese encephalitis virus\nKokobera virus\nMurray Valley encephalitis virus\nRift Valley fever virus\nRoss River virus\nSindbis virus\nWest Nile virus\nWuchereria bancrofti\nyellow fever virus\nSuspected vector of:\nbovine ephemeral fever virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:18973445, PMID:9673928, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex albirostris Macquart " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex annulifera Ludlow" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex marinus Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex vigilax Skuse" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicelsa pseudovigilax Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicelsa uniformis Strickland " EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus vigilax" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001164 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T10:42:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000751 name: Aedes cooki def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of cooki.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nWuchereria bancrofti\nSuspected vector of:\ndengue virus" [ISBN:9780851989693, Rodhain:1997, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Stegomyia cooki" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000540 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T10:47:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000752 name: Aedes polynesiensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of polynesiensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Australia and the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nchikungunya virus\ndengue vrius\nRoss River virus\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:14195513, PMID:19941975, Rodhain:1997, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp] synonym: "Stegomyia polynesiensis" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000607 xref: NCBITaxon:188700 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T10:48:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000753 name: Aedes scutellaris def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of scutellaris.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\ndengue virus\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:14195513, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Culex scutellaris Walker" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex variegatus Doleschall " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex zonatipes Walker " EXACT [] synonym: "Stegomyia scutellaris" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000623 xref: NCBITaxon:373850 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T10:49:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000755 name: Anopheles bancroftii def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of bancroftii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia and Australia.\nVector of:\nMurray Valley encephalitis virus\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nSindbis virus\nWuchereria bancrofti\nSuspected vector of:\nbovine ephemeral fever virus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:9673928, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40000038 xref: NCBITaxon:59136 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T10:55:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000756 name: standard New Jersey light trap def: "Powered trap, designated the standard New Jersey light trap, which combines a visual light attractant and short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe New Jersey trap consists of a 12-inch vertical metal cylinder, 9 inches in diameter which is covered by a conical metal roof 16 inches in diameter, supported 2 inches from the top of the cylinder by three equally spaced metal struts (3 1/16 inches x 1 1/4 inches). These struts are attached to the outside of the cylinder and extend 8 inches beyond it to form legs. In later models the body was lengthened and the legs eliminated. A 25-W light-bulb is inserted into a socket fixed to the underside of the apex of the conical roof. The entrance to the cylinder is usually covered with a mesh horizontal screen to exclude large insects. Mosquitoes attracted to the light are drawn into the cylinder by an 8-inch diameter fan mounted near the top of the cylinder. A removable funnel of 16-wire mesh is placed within the cylinder just below the fan to guide the catch down into a collecting jar, which is usually screwed into position. This jar is frequently charged with a killing agent." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-05T01:58:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000757 name: Anopheles campestris def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of campestris.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nBrugia malayi\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40000054 xref: NCBITaxon:453036 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T11:03:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000758 name: Anopheles donaldi def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of donaldi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nBrugia malayi\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40000078 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T11:08:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000759 name: Anopheles labranchiae def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of labranchiae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa and Europe.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:21129198, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles claviger var. labranchiae Falleroni" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles maculipennis ssp. pergusae Missiroli" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles maculipennis ssp. sicaulti Roubaud" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000120 xref: NCBITaxon:41428 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T11:09:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000760 name: AMSS light trap def: "Powered trap, designated the AMSS light trap, which combines a visual light attractant and short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods, and which can be enhanced with an olfactory attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe AMSS (or SSAM) is essentially an improved CDC light-trap. The 6-V d.c. motor is a Mabuchi RF510T, chosen because it gives optimum rev./min over a wide range of operating voltages. The light-bulb is either a Chicago Miniature Lamp No.503 or 1490, chosen because they have a long life and relatively high light output. The battery of choice is a gel-cell 6-V, 7.5-Amphr rechargeable sealed battery, which provides a relatively constant operating voltage for a long time. A 14-inch diameter aluminum pizza pan is used as a lid. A light cell automatically switches the lamp and fan on at dusk, while at dawn increasing light switches the lamp off, but the fan continues to run, thus preventing mosquitoes from escaping." [ISBN:9781402066658] synonym: "U.S. Army Miniature Solid State light trap" RELATED [] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-05T02:05:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000761 name: Anopheles letifer def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of letifer.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40000122 xref: NCBITaxon:1137572 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T11:12:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000762 name: Anopheles nigerrimus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of nigerrimus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles bentleyi Bentley " EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles sinensis ssp. indiensis Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles venhuisi Bonne-Wepster" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles williamsoni Baisas and Hu" EXACT [] synonym: "Myzorhynchus minutus Theobald" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003404 xref: NCBITaxon:209202 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T11:15:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000763 name: Anopheles sinensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of sinensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nBrugia malayi\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nSetaria digitata\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:19941975, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles jesoensis Tsuzuki " EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles plumiger Doenitz" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003452 xref: NCBITaxon:74873 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T11:16:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000764 name: Anopheles whartoni def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of whartoni.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40003471 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T11:18:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000765 name: Anopheles aconitus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of aconitus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Myzomyia albirostris Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Myzomyia brahmacharii Christophers" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002218 xref: NCBITaxon:93947 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T11:20:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000766 name: Anopheles annularis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of annularis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles fuliginosus Giles " EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles jamesii Liston" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles leucopus Doenitz" EXACT [] synonym: "Chagasia lineata Ludlow" EXACT [] synonym: "Nyssorhynchus fuliginosus var. adiei James and Liston" EXACT [] synonym: "Nyssorhynchus fuliginosus var. nagpori James and Liston" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002220 xref: NCBITaxon:59163 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T12:03:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000767 name: Anopheles flavirostris def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of flavirostris.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Myzomyia aconita var. merak (cohesia) Mangkoewinoto" EXACT [] synonym: "Myzomyia flavirostris Ludlow" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002282 xref: NCBITaxon:59147 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T12:04:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000768 name: Anopheles fluviatilis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of fluviatilis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles funestus var. arabica Christophers and Chand" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles listonii Liston" EXACT [] synonym: "Myzomyia leptomeres Theobald" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003475 xref: NCBITaxon:111615 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T12:05:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000769 name: Anopheles jeyporiensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of jeyporiensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles aconitus var. tonkinensis Toumanoff" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles candidiensis Koidzumi " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003500 xref: NCBITaxon:107326 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T12:06:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000770 name: Anopheles karwari def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of karwari.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles nigrans Stanton " EXACT [] synonym: "Nyssorhynchus karwari James" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003501 xref: NCBITaxon:59148 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T12:07:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000771 name: Anopheles koliensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of koliensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia and the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40003506 xref: NCBITaxon:30065 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T12:09:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000772 name: Coquillettidia crassipes def: "A mosquito of Genus Coquillettidia with the species designation of crassipes.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia and Australia.\nVector of:\nBrugia malayi\nPlasmodium gallinaceum" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Chrysoconops pygmaeus Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex crassipes Van der Wulp" EXACT [] synonym: "Mansonia crassipes" EXACT [] synonym: "Mansonia diaeretus Dyar " EXACT [] synonym: "Taeniorhynchus brevicellulus Theobald " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002323 is_a: VSMO:0000680 ! Coquillettidia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T12:10:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000773 name: Culex annulirostris def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of annulirostris.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nBarmah Forest virus\nchikungunya virus\nDirofilaria immitis\nGan Gan virus\nJapanese encephalitis virus\nKokobera virus\nMurray Valley encephalitis virus\nRift Valley fever virus\nRoss River virus\nSindbis virus\nWest Nile virus\nWuchereria bancrofti\nSuspected vector of:\nbovine ephemeral fever virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:10761580, PMID:18973445, PMID:19067628, PMID:19941975, PMID:9673928, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex jepsoni Bahr " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex palmi Baisas " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex somerseti Taylor " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicelsa consimilis Taylor " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicelsa simplex Taylor " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002497 xref: NCBITaxon:162997 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T12:34:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000774 name: Culex vishnui def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of vishnui.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nJapanese encephalitis virus\nWest Nile virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40002714 xref: NCBITaxon:100678 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T12:35:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000775 name: Mansonia annulata def: "A mosquito of Genus Mansonia with the species designation of annulata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nBrugia malayi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40001270 is_a: VSMO:0000686 ! Mansonia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T12:37:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000776 name: Mansonia bonneae def: "A mosquito of Genus Mansonia with the species designation of bonneae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nBrugia malayi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40001272 xref: NCBITaxon:1038078 is_a: VSMO:0000686 ! Mansonia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T12:37:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000777 name: Mansonia dives def: "A mosquito of Genus Mansonia with the species designation of dives.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia and Australia.\nVector of:\nBrugia malayi\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Culex annulipes Walker " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex longipalpis Van der Wulp " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001273 xref: NCBITaxon:149460 is_a: VSMO:0000686 ! Mansonia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T12:38:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000778 name: Mansonia indiana def: "A mosquito of Genus Mansonia with the species designation of indiana.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nBrugia malayi\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40001274 is_a: VSMO:0000686 ! Mansonia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T12:39:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000779 name: Armigeres def: "Armigeres is a Genus in Family Culicidae." [URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:124916 is_a: VSMO:0000556 ! Culicidae created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T12:41:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000780 name: Armigeres obturbans def: "A mosquito of Genus Armigeres with the species designation of obturbans.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\ndengue virus\nSetaria digitata" [ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:14195513, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Culex obturbans Walker" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000230 xref: NCBITaxon:149458 is_a: VSMO:0000779 ! Armigeres created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-07T12:42:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000781 name: Argas persicus def: "A soft tick of Genus Argas with the species designation of persicus.\n\nCOMMENT: \nAlso called fowl tick, poultry tick, or adobe tick. Occurs worldwide. \nVector of:\nAegyptianella pullorum\nAnaplasma marginale\nBorrelia anserina\nKyasanur Forest disease virus" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780851989693, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, PMID:16710839, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:34603 is_a: VSMO:0002614 ! Argas created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-08T09:54:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000793 name: Dermacentor marginatus def: "A hard tick of Genus Dermacentor with the species designation of marginatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the ornate sheep tick. Occurs in Europe and Asia.\n\nVector of:\nAnaplasma ovis\nBabesia caballi\nBabesia canis\nBabesia divergens\nBabesia ovis\nCoxiella burnetii\nCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus\nFrancisella tularensis\nLangat virus\nOmsk hemorrhagic fever virus\nRickettsia conorii\nRickettsia sibirica\nRickettsia slovaca\nTheileria equi\nTheileria ovis\ntick-borne encephalitis virus" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, PMID:7393142, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Dermacentor antrorum Reznik" EXACT [] synonym: "Dermacentor niveus Neumann" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:49202 is_a: VSMO:0002619 ! Dermacentor created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-08T10:46:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000794 name: Dermacentor occidentalis def: "A hard tick of Genus Dermacentor with the species designation of occidentalis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the Pacific Coast tick. Occurs in North America. \n\nVector of:\nAnaplasma marginale\nAnaplasma ovis\nFrancisella tularensis\nSuspected vector of:\nColorado tick fever virus\nRickettsia rickettsii" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] xref: NCBITaxon:60254 is_a: VSMO:0002619 ! Dermacentor created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-08T10:48:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000798 name: Ixodes cookei def: "A hard tick of Genus Ixodes with the species designation of cookei.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nPowassan virus" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] xref: NCBITaxon:35565 is_a: VSMO:0002620 ! Ixodes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-08T11:06:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000799 name: Ixodes persulcatus def: "A hard tick of Genus Ixodes with the species designation of persulcatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the taiga tick. Occurs in Europe and Asia.\nVector of:\nAnaplasma phagocytophilum\nBabesia divergens\nBorrelia afzelii\nBorrelia burgdorferi\nBorrelia garinii\nFrancisella tularensis\nOmsk hemorrhagic fever virus\nPowassan virus\ntick-borne encephalitis virus" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ixodes maslovi Emeljanova and Kozlovskaya" EXACT [] synonym: "Ixodes sachalinensis Filippova" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:34615 is_a: VSMO:0002620 ! Ixodes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-08T11:09:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000801 name: Ixodes spinipalpis def: "A hard tick of Genus Ixodes with the species designation of spinipalpis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nBorrelia bissettii\nBorrelia burgdorferi" [ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] synonym: "Ixodes neotomae Cooley" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:34614 is_a: VSMO:0002620 ! Ixodes created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-08T11:17:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000802 name: Rhipicephalus appendiculatus def: "A hard tick of Genus Rhipicephalus with the species designation of appendiculatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the African brown ear tick. Occurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nAnaplasma bovis\nBabesia bigemina\nCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus\nDugbe virus\nNairobi sheep disease virus\nRickettsia aeschlimannii\nRickettsia conorii\nTheileria parva\nTheileria taurotragi\nThogoto virus" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:34631 is_a: VSMO:0002623 ! Rhipicephalus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-08T11:31:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000804 name: Rhipicephalus bursa def: "A hard tick of Genus Rhipicephalus with the species designation of bursa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nAnaplasma marginale\nBabesia bigemina\nBabesia bovis\nBabesia caballi\nBabesia motasi\nBabesia ovis\nCoxeiella burnetii\nCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus\nNairobi sheep disease virus\nTheileria equi\nTheileria parva\nSuspected vector of:\nTheileria ovis" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:67831 is_a: VSMO:0002623 ! Rhipicephalus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-08T11:33:29Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000805 name: Rhipicephalus capensis def: "A hard tick of Genus Rhipicephalus with the species designation of capensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nAnaplasma marginale\nTheileria parva" [ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] is_a: VSMO:0002623 ! Rhipicephalus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-08T11:34:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000806 name: Rhipicephalus evertsi def: "A hard tick of Genus Rhipicephalus with the species designation of evertsi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIncludes the subspecies Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi and Rhipicephalus evertsi mimeticus. Occurs in Africa and the Middle East.\nVector of:\nAnaplasma marginale\nBabesia bigemina\nBabesia ovis\nBorrelia theileri\nCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus\nRickettsia conorii\nTheileria equi\nTheileria mutans\nTheileria ovis\nTheileria parva\nTheileria separata" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780851989693, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:60190 is_a: VSMO:0002623 ! Rhipicephalus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-08T11:35:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000809 name: Rhipicephalus pulchellus def: "A hard tick of Genus Rhipicephalus with the species designation of pulchellus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus\nNairobi sheep disease virus\nRickettsia conorii\nTheileria equi\nTheileria taurotragi" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] xref: NCBITaxon:72859 is_a: VSMO:0002623 ! Rhipicephalus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-09T08:49:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000815 name: Amblyomma hebraeum def: "A hard tick of Genus Amblyomma with the species designation of hebraeum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the bont tick. Occurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus\nEhrlichia ruminantium\nRickettsia africae\nRickettsia conorii\nTheileria mutans\nTheileria velifera" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] xref: NCBITaxon:34608 is_a: VSMO:0002618 ! Amblyomma created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-09T09:31:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000816 name: Amblyomma maculatum def: "A hard tick of Genus Amblyomma with the species designation of maculatum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the Gulf Coast tick. Occurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nEhrlichia ruminantium\nHepatozoon americanum\nSuspected vector of:\nRickettsia parkeri" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:34609 is_a: VSMO:0002618 ! Amblyomma created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-09T09:32:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000823 name: Haemaphysalis longicornis def: "A hard tick of Genus Haemaphysalis with the species designation of longicornis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nBabesia gibsoni\nBabesia ovata\nCoxiella burnetii\nRickettsia japonica\nTheileria buffeli\nTheileria uilenbergi\nSuspected vector of:\nHepatozoon canis" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] xref: NCBITaxon:44386 is_a: VSMO:0002621 ! Haemaphysalis created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-09T10:37:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000825 name: Haemaphysalis punctata def: "A hard tick of Genus Haemaphysalis with the species designation of punctata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Europe, Asia, and Africa.\n\nVector of:\nAnaplasma centrale\nAnaplasma marginale\nBabesia bigemina\nBabesia major\nBabesia motasi\nRickettsia sibirica\nTheileria buffeli\nTheileria mutans\nTheileria ovis\ntick-borne encephalitis virus" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Haemaphysalis cinnabarina Koch" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:49204 is_a: VSMO:0002621 ! Haemaphysalis created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-09T10:37:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000826 name: Hyalomma truncatum def: "A hard tick of Genus Hyalomma with the species designation of truncatum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nBabesia caballi\nCoxiella burnetii\nCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus\nRickettsia conorii\nTheileria annulata\nTheileria equi\nTheileria parva" [ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] xref: NCBITaxon:72855 is_a: VSMO:0002622 ! Hyalomma created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-09T11:39:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000827 name: Hyalomma anatolicum def: "A hard tick of Genus Hyalomma with the species designation of anatolicum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the small Anatolian hyalomma. Includes the subspecies Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum and Hyalomma anatolicum excavatum. Occurs in Europe, Africa, and Asia\nVector of: \nAnaplasma marginale\nBabesia caballi\nCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus\nTheileria annulata\nTheileria equi\nTheileria lestoquardi\nTheileria ovis" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Hyalomma excavatum Koch" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:176092 is_a: VSMO:0002622 ! Hyalomma created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-09T11:42:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000829 name: Hyalomma impressum def: "A hard tick of Genus Hyalomma with the species designation of impressum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus" [ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] is_a: VSMO:0002622 ! Hyalomma created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-03-09T11:43:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000832 name: Leptotrombidium akamushi def: "A mite of Genus Leptotrombidium with the species designation of akamushi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nOrientia tsutsugamushi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:4212400] synonym: "Trombicula akamushi" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:299468 is_a: VSMO:0002611 ! Leptotrombidium created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-09T01:27:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000833 name: Leptotrombidium pavlovskyi def: "A mite of Genus Leptotrombidium with the species designation of pavlovskyi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nOrientia tsutsugamushi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:4212400] is_a: VSMO:0002611 ! Leptotrombidium created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-09T01:27:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000834 name: Leptotrombidium deliense def: "A mite of Genus Leptotrombidium with the species designation of deliense.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nOrientia tsutsugamushi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:4212400, PMID:9673928] synonym: "Trombicula deliensis" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:299467 is_a: VSMO:0002611 ! Leptotrombidium created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-09T01:27:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000835 name: Leptotrombidium fletcheri def: "A mite of Genus Leptotrombidium with the species designation of fletcheri.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nOrientia tsutsugamushi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:4212400] synonym: "Trombicula fletcheri" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:328705 is_a: VSMO:0002611 ! Leptotrombidium created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-09T01:27:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000836 name: Culicoides brevitarsis def: "A biting midge of Genus Culicoides with the species designation of brevitarsis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Australia and Asia.\nVector of:\nAkabane virus\nbluetongue virus\nSuspected vector of:\nbovine ephemeral fever virus\nepizootic hemorrhagic disease virus\nShuni virus (Aino virus)" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:10761580, URI:http\://www.inhs.illinois.edu/research/FLYTREE/CeratopogonidaeCatalog.pdf, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culicoides radicitus Delfinado " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicoides robertsi Lee and Reye," EXACT [] synonym: "Culicoides superfulvus Das Gupta," EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:469753 is_a: VSMO:0002573 ! Culicoides created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-09T01:49:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000837 name: Culicoides furens def: "A biting midge of Genus Culicoides with the species designation of furens.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nMansonella ozzardi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://www.inhs.illinois.edu/research/FLYTREE/CeratopogonidaeCatalog.pdf] synonym: "Culicoides birabeni Cavalieri" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicoides dovei Hall" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicoides maculithorax Williston" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002573 ! Culicoides created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-09T01:52:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000838 name: Culicoides grahamii def: "A biting midge of Genus Culicoides with the species designation of grahamii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nMansonella perstans\nMansonella streptocerca" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.inhs.illinois.edu/research/FLYTREE/CeratopogonidaeCatalog.pdf, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culicoides habereri Becker" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicoides hostilissimus Pittaluga" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicoides kivuensis Goetghebuer" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicoides trichopis de Meillon" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:912079 is_a: VSMO:0002573 ! Culicoides created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-09T01:53:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000839 name: Phlebotomus longiductus def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of longiductus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia and Europe. \nVector of:\nLeishmania donovani\nLeishmania infantum" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] synonym: "Phlebotomus tauriae Perfil'ev " EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:743716 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T09:53:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000840 name: Phlebotomus sichuanensis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of sichuanensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia. \nVector of:\nLeishmania infantum" [ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:880262 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T09:55:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000841 name: Phlebotomus argentipes def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of argentipes.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia. \nVector of:\nChandipura virus\nLeishmania donovani" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Phlebotomus annandalei Sinton " EXACT [] synonym: "Phlebotomus glaucus Mitra & Roy " EXACT [] synonym: "Phlebotomus marginatus Annandale " EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:94469 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T10:00:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000842 name: Phlebotomus smirnovi def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of smirnovi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nLeishmania infantum" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] synonym: "Phlebotomus wui Yang & Xiong" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T10:09:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000843 name: Phlebotomus mongolensis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of mongolensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia. \nVector of:\nLeishmania donovani\nLeishmania major" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] synonym: "Phlebotomus imitabilis Artemiev " EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:132722 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T10:14:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000844 name: Phlebotomus sergenti def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of sergenti.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa, Asia, and Europe. \nVector of:\nLeishmania aethiopica\nLeishmania killicki\nLeishmania tropica\nSuspected vector of:\nLeishmania major" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:85759 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T10:16:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000845 name: Phlebotomus papatasi def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of papatasi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa, Europe, and Asia. \nVector of:\nChandipura virus\nLeishmania killicki\nLeishmania major\nsandfly fever virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] synonym: "Phlebotomus breviventris Ristorcelli" EXACT [] synonym: "Phlebotomus molesta Costa" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:29031 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T10:18:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000846 name: Phlebotomus salehi def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of salehi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia. \nVector of:\nLeishmania major" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:445962 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T10:21:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000848 name: Lutzomyia trapidoi def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of trapidoi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Central America and South America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis\nLeishmania panamensis\nsandfly fever virus\nvesicular stomatitis virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008] xref: NCBITaxon:268290 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T10:36:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000849 name: Lutzomyia hartmanni def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of hartmanni.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America and Central America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania colombiensis\nLeishmania panamensis" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:268289 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T10:45:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000850 name: Lutzomyia peruensis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of peruensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nBartonella bacilliformis\nLeishmania peruviana" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:252622 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T10:52:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000852 name: Lutzomyia diabolica def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of diabolica.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania mexicana" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T11:33:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000853 name: Lutzomyia gomezi def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of gomezi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Central America, South America and the Caribbean.\nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis\nLeishmania colombiensis\nLeishmania panamensis" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] synonym: "Phlebotomus suis Rozeboom " EXACT [] synonym: "Plebotomus japignyi Floch & Abonnenc " EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:151984 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T11:33:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000854 name: Lutzomyia longipalpis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of longipalpis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas. \nVector of:\nLeishmania amazonensis\nLeishmania chagasi\nLeishmania infantum\nLeishmania mexicana\nvesicular stomatitis virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:7200 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T11:33:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000855 name: Lutzomyia migonei def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of migonei.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis\nSuspected vector of:\nLeishmania infantum" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:85761 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T11:33:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000856 name: Lutzomyia anduzei def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of anduzei.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America and Central America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania guyanensis" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:1196694 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T11:33:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000857 name: Lutzomyia flaviscutellata def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of flaviscutellata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America and the Caribbean.\nVector of:\nLeishmania amazonensis\nLeishmania pifanoi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] synonym: "Phebotomus apicalis Floch & Abonnenc " EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:252620 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T11:33:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000858 name: Lutzomyia intermedia def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of intermedia.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] synonym: "Phlebotomus lutzi Manson-Bahr " EXACT [] synonym: "Phlebotomus mazzai Paterson " EXACT [] synonym: "Phlebotomus neivai Pinto " EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:182990 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T11:33:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000859 name: Lutzomyia umbratilis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of umbratilis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nChanguinola virus\nLeishmania guyanensis" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:182988 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T11:33:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000860 name: Lutzomyia whitmani def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of whitmani.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis\nLeishmania guyanensis\nLeishmania shawi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:55416 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T11:33:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000861 name: Lutzomyia ylephiletor def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of ylephiletor.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas. \nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis\nLeishmania mexicana\nLeishmania panamensis\nsandfly fever virus\nvesicular stomatitis virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T11:33:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000862 name: Lutzomyia pessoai def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of pessoai.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis" [ISBN:1402014139] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T11:33:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000863 name: Lutzomyia amazonensis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of amazonensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis\nLeishmania naiffi" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T11:33:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000864 name: Lutzomyia ayrozai def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of ayrozai.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis\nLeishmania naiffi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T11:33:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000865 name: Lutzomyia complexa def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of complexa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496] synonym: "Lutzomyia complexus" EXACT [] synonym: "Psychodopygus complexa" EXACT [] synonym: "Psychodopygus complexus" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T11:33:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000866 name: Lutzomyia llanosmartinsi def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of llanosmartinsi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-12T11:33:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000869 name: Triatoma brasiliensis def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Triatoma with the species designation of brasiliensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma Galvao" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma brasiliensis melanica Neiva & Lent" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:65344 is_a: VSMO:0002578 ! Triatoma created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-13T09:30:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000870 name: Triatoma dimidiata def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Triatoma with the species designation of dimidiata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1984, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Conorhinus dimidiatus Champion" EXACT [] synonym: "Conorhinus dimidiatus maculipennis Champion" EXACT [] synonym: "Conorhinus dimidiatus Stal" EXACT [] synonym: "Conorhinus maculipennis Stal" EXACT [] synonym: "Reduvius dimidiatus Latreille" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma capitata Usinger" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma dimidiata capitata Usinger" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma dimidiata maculipennis Neiva" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma dimidiata maculipennis Usinger" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:72491 is_a: VSMO:0002578 ! Triatoma created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-13T09:32:29Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000871 name: Triatoma infestans def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Triatoma with the species designation of infestans.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Conorhinus gigas Burmeister" EXACT [] synonym: "Conorhinus gracilipes Philippi" EXACT [] synonym: "Conorhinus infestans Berg" EXACT [] synonym: "Conorhinus nigrouarius BIanchard," EXACT [] synonym: "Conorhinus octotuberculatus Philippi" EXACT [] synonym: "Conorhinus paulseni Philippi" EXACT [] synonym: "Conorhinus renggeri Herrich-Schaeffer" EXACT [] synonym: "Conorhinus sex-tuberculatus Spinola" EXACT [] synonym: "Reduvius infestans Klug" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma infestans erythrophthalmus Noe & & Silva" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma mazzae Jorg" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma oswaldoi Neiva & Pinto" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma sordelli Dios & Zuccarini" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:30076 is_a: VSMO:0002578 ! Triatoma created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-13T09:36:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000877 name: Panstrongylus megistus def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Panstrongylus with the species designation of megistus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Conorhinus gigas Burmeister" EXACT [] synonym: "Conorhinus porrigens Walker" EXACT [] synonym: "Panstrongylus africanus Pinto" EXACT [] synonym: "Panstrongylus megistus leucofasciatus Lucena" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma africana Neiva" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma wernickei Del Ponte" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:65343 is_a: VSMO:0002576 ! Panstrongylus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-13T09:49:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000878 name: dengue virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of dengue virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Includes the subtypes dengue virus-1, dengue virus-2, dengue virus-3 and dengue virus-4. Causes disease (dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever) in humans. Occurs in Australia, Asia, Africa, the Americas, and the South Pacific." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:12637 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000647 ! Aedes albopictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000671 ! Aedes triseriatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000719 ! Aedes africanus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000722 ! Aedes furcifer relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000752 ! Aedes polynesiensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000753 ! Aedes scutellaris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000780 ! Armigeres obturbans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000886 ! Aedes opok relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000887 ! Aedes luteocephalus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002228 ! Aedes vittatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002293 ! Aedes notoscriptus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002707 ! Aedes mediovittatus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-15T10:34:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000879 name: Japanese encephalitis virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of Japanese encephalitis virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (Japanese encephalitis) in humans and domestic animals such as pigs and horses. Occurs in Asia and Australia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11072 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000379 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000620 ! Culex pipiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000621 ! Culex quinquefasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000647 ! Aedes albopictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000656 ! Culex tarsalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000674 ! Aedes dorsalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000679 ! Aedes japonicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000690 ! Culiseta inornata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000691 ! Aedes vexans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000705 ! Culex gelidus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000706 ! Culex sitiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000707 ! Culex tritaeniorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000743 ! Aedes kochi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000750 ! Aedes vigilax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000773 ! Culex annulirostris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000774 ! Culex vishnui relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002293 ! Aedes notoscriptus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002369 ! Culex pseudovishnui relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002370 ! Culex fuscocephala relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002648 ! Aedes nigromaculis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002691 ! Verrallina funerea created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-15T10:41:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000880 name: Kyasanur Forest disease virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of Kyasanur Forest disease virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by ticks. Causes disease (Kyasanur Forest disease) in humans. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:33743 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000370 ! viral hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000082 ! Haemaphysalis cuspidata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000781 ! Argas persicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002006 ! Ornithodoros tholozani relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002025 ! Haemaphysalis spinigera relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002046 ! Hyalomma marginatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002051 ! Haemaphysalis turturis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002662 ! Haemaphysalis minuta relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002663 ! Haemaphysalis papuana relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002664 ! Ixodes petauristae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002665 ! Haemaphysalis kyasanurensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002666 ! Haemaphysalis wellingtoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002667 ! Ixodes ceylonensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002668 ! Dermacentor auratus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002669 ! Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-15T10:46:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000881 name: Murray Valley encephalitis virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of Murray Valley encephalitis virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Includes the subtype Alfuy virus. Causes disease (Murray Valley encephalitis) in humans. Occurs in Australia and New Guinea." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11079 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000621 ! Culex quinquefasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000709 ! Mansonia uniformis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000749 ! Aedes normanensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000750 ! Aedes vigilax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000755 ! Anopheles bancroftii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000773 ! Culex annulirostris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002442 ! Anopheles annulipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002448 ! Aedes eidsvoldensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002452 ! Aedes pseudonormanensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002454 ! Aedes sagax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002456 ! Aedes tremulus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002459 ! Culex pullus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002460 ! Culex australicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002708 ! Aedes occidentalis created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-15T10:51:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000882 name: St. Louis encephalitis virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of St. Louis encephalitis virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (St. Louis encephalitis) in humans. Occurs in the Americas." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11080 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000620 ! Culex pipiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000621 ! Culex quinquefasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000653 ! Culex erythrothorax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000654 ! Culex nigripalpus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000655 ! Culex restuans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000656 ! Culex tarsalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000691 ! Aedes vexans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000726 ! Aedes taeniorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002230 ! Culex stigmatosoma relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002694 ! Culiseta incidens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002709 ! Culex coronator relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002710 ! Aedes bahamensis created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-15T10:54:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000883 name: tick-borne encephalitis virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of tick-borne encephalitis virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Subtypes of tick-borne encephalitis virus include the far eastern subtype, the Siberian subtype, and the European subtype. Other subtype breakdowns include Central European encephalitis virus and Russian spring-summer encephalitis virus. Causes disease (tick-borne encephalitis) in humans. Occurs in Europe and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11084 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000370 ! viral hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000793 ! Dermacentor marginatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000799 ! Ixodes persulcatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000825 ! Haemaphysalis punctata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002019 ! Dermacentor reticulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002021 ! Haemaphysalis concinna relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002025 ! Haemaphysalis spinigera relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002048 ! Ixodes ovatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002051 ! Haemaphysalis turturis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002672 ! Ixodes hexagonus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002673 ! Ixodes trianguliceps relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002674 ! Haemaphysalis inermis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002675 ! Ixodes arboricola created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-15T11:00:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000884 name: yellow fever virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of yellow fever virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (yellow fever) in humans. Occurs in Australia, Asia, Africa, and the Americas." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11089 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000647 ! Aedes albopictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000677 ! Aedes scapularis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000719 ! Aedes africanus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000722 ! Aedes furcifer relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000723 ! Aedes taylori relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000739 ! Haemagogus leucocelaenus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000740 ! Haemagogus janthinomys relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000741 ! Haemagogus spegazzinii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000750 ! Aedes vigilax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000887 ! Aedes luteocephalus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002228 ! Aedes vittatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002229 ! Aedes bromeliae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002249 ! Sabethes chloropterus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002293 ! Aedes notoscriptus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002368 ! Aedes metallicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002713 ! Aedes simpsoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002714 ! Culex thalassius relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002715 ! Haemagogus equinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002716 ! Haemagogus splendens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002717 ! Haemagogus capricornii created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-15T11:04:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000886 name: Aedes opok def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of opok.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nchikungunya virus\ndengue virus\nSuspected vector of:\nOrungo virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9789241209496, Rodhain:1997, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Stegomyia opok" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000600 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-23T08:44:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000887 name: Aedes luteocephalus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of luteocephalus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nchikungunya virus\ndengue virus\nyellow fever virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:16913829, Rodhain:1997, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "" RELATED [] synonym: "Stegomyia luteocephalus" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000582 xref: NCBITaxon:299629 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-23T08:45:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000888 name: Aedes cordellieri def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of cordellieri.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nchikungunya virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40000419 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-23T08:47:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000896 name: acarine larval stage def: "The immature life stage (larva) of an acarine that hatches from the egg and precedes the immature nymphal stage. \n\nCOMMENT:\nTerrestrial stage for acarines serving as pathogen vectors. The larva may feed on lymph and tissue detritus (mites), may engage in blood feeding and oviposition on a single occasion (hard ticks), or may engage in blood feeding and ovipositionon multiple occasions (soft ticks)." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000020 ! life stage of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000254 ! life course of hard tick relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000255 ! life course of soft tick relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000256 ! life course of mite created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-20T04:08:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000899 name: pesticide-treated curtain def: "Pesticide-treated screening material in the form of a curtain to prevent vectors from contacting humans or domestic animals." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000200 ! pesticide-treated screening material created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T10:28:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000900 name: pesticide-treated clothing def: "Clothing treated with a pesticide substance to prevent vectors from contacting humans by erecting a physical barrier and by killing action." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000034 ! clothing is_a: VSMO:0001367 ! pesticide-treated material for direct vector contact created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T10:33:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000901 name: subsequent insect gonotrophic period def: "The continuous temporal interval that starts when a female insect has completed one oviposition event and ends when she has completed a subsequent oviposition event." [ISBN:0124732763] is_a: VSMO:0000481 ! temporal interval of arthropod relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000487 ! insect reproductive period created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-08-17T02:55:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000902 name: use of pesticide-treated clothing def: "The process of wearing clothing treated with a pesticide substance.\n\nCOMMENT:\nNumerous different naturally or synthetically derived chemical compounds can be used as repellents on clothing to prevent arthropods from contacting humans." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000516 ! personal protection against arthropod bites created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T10:40:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000903 name: use of pesticide emanator def: "The process of deploying a pesticide-impregnated emanator.\n\nCOMMENT:\nVarious materials, including plastic or resin, can be treated with pesticide and then used as an emanator that releases the pesticide." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000076 ! protection against arthropod bites relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000504 ! delivery of pesticide in solid material creation_date: 2010-05-21T12:28:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000904 name: gonotrophic cycle namespace: biological_process def: "The combined biological processes of host location, blood-feeding, egg maturation, and oviposition." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological process relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000692 ! arthropod reproduction created_by: slozano creation_date: 2012-08-17T03:58:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000905 name: use of pesticide-impregnated curtain def: "The process of deploying a pesticide-impregnated curtain.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCan be used to prevent intrusion of vectors into an indoor environment." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000076 ! protection against arthropod bites relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000504 ! delivery of pesticide in solid material created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T12:35:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000907 name: use of pesticide-impregnated net def: "The process of deploying a pesticide-impregnated net.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCan be used to prevent vectors from biting resting/sleeping humans." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000076 ! protection against arthropod bites relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000504 ! delivery of pesticide in solid material created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T12:36:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000961 name: Asfivirus def: "Asfivirus is a Genus in the virus Family of Asfarviridae." [ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:39743 is_a: VSMO:0000045 ! viruses created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-19T10:35:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0000962 name: African swine fever virus def: "A virus of Genus Asfivirus with the designation of African swine fever virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by soft ticks. Causes disease (African swine fever) in swine. Occurs in Africa, southern Europe, and the Caribbean." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:10497 is_a: VSMO:0000961 ! Asfivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000385 ! viral soft tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000580 ! Ornithodoros turicata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000581 ! Ornithodoros moubata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000592 ! Ornithodoros coriaceus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000593 ! Ornithodoros erraticus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000594 ! Ornithodoros porcinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002263 ! Carios puertoricensis created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-19T10:36:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001187 name: use of pesticide-treated screen def: "The process of deploying a pesticide-impregnated screen.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCan be used to prevent intrusion of vectors into an indoor environment." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000076 ! protection against arthropod bites relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000504 ! delivery of pesticide in solid material created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T12:40:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001204 name: Alphavirus def: "Alphavirus is a Genus in the virus Family of Togaviridae." [ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11019 is_a: VSMO:0000045 ! viruses created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T08:46:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001205 name: eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus def: "A virus of Genus Alphavirus with the designation of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (eastern equine encephalomyelitis) in humans and horses and other equines. Occurs in the Americas." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] synonym: "eastern equine encephalitis virus" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:11021 is_a: VSMO:0001204 ! Alphavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000379 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000647 ! Aedes albopictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000654 ! Culex nigripalpus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000669 ! Anopheles quadrimaculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000673 ! Aedes canadensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000679 ! Aedes japonicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000683 ! Coquillettidia perturbans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000685 ! Psorophora ferox relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000689 ! Culiseta melanura relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000691 ! Aedes vexans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002187 ! Aedes sollicitans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002192 ! Culex salinarius relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002252 ! Culex taeniopus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002463 ! Psorophora columbiae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002683 ! Culex pedroi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002685 ! Psorophora albigenu relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002693 ! Aedes serratus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T08:47:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001206 name: western equine encephalomyelitis virus def: "A virus of Genus Alphavirus with the designation of western equine encephalomyelitis virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (western equine encephalomyelitis) in humans and horses and other equines. Occurs in the Americas." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] synonym: "western equine encephalitis virus" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:11039 is_a: VSMO:0001204 ! Alphavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000379 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000620 ! Culex pipiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000656 ! Culex tarsalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000674 ! Aedes dorsalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000676 ! Aedes melanimon relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000678 ! Aedes trivittatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000689 ! Culiseta melanura relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000690 ! Culiseta inornata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000691 ! Aedes vexans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000725 ! Aedes albifasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002230 ! Culex stigmatosoma relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002694 ! Culiseta incidens created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T08:53:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001207 name: Highlands J virus def: "A virus of Genus Alphavirus with the designation of Highlands J virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes mild disease in humans and horses and other equines. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11024 is_a: VSMO:0001204 ! Alphavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000379 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000689 ! Culiseta melanura created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T08:53:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001208 name: Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus def: "A virus of Genus Alphavirus with the designation of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (Venezuelan equine encephalitis) in humans and horses and other equines. Occurs in the Americas." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11036 is_a: VSMO:0001204 ! Alphavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000379 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000620 ! Culex pipiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000647 ! Aedes albopictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000649 ! Aedes atropalpus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000656 ! Culex tarsalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000665 ! Anopheles freeborni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000669 ! Anopheles quadrimaculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000671 ! Aedes triseriatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000673 ! Aedes canadensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000685 ! Psorophora ferox relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000691 ! Aedes vexans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000726 ! Aedes taeniorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002187 ! Aedes sollicitans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002252 ! Culex taeniopus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002253 ! Culex portesi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002645 ! Culex vomerifer relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002683 ! Culex pedroi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002686 ! Culex cedecei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002695 ! Culex adamesi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002697 ! Culex ocossa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002698 ! Culex panocossa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002699 ! Psorophora confinnis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002701 ! Deinocerites pseudes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002702 ! Psorophora cingulata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002703 ! Aedes fulvus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002707 ! Aedes mediovittatus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T08:53:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001209 name: chikungunya virus def: "A virus of Genus Alphavirus with the designation of chikungunya virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (chikungunya) in humans. Occurs in Asia, Africa, and the South Pacific." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:37124 is_a: VSMO:0001204 ! Alphavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000587 ! Anopheles albimanus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000647 ! Aedes albopictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000671 ! Aedes triseriatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000706 ! Culex sitiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000719 ! Aedes africanus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000722 ! Aedes furcifer relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000723 ! Aedes taylori relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000747 ! Aedes togoi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000750 ! Aedes vigilax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000752 ! Aedes polynesiensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000773 ! Culex annulirostris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000886 ! Aedes opok relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000887 ! Aedes luteocephalus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000888 ! Aedes cordellieri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001359 ! Mansonia africana relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002154 ! Aedes pseudoscutellaris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002228 ! Aedes vittatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002257 ! Eretmapodites chrysogaster relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002293 ! Aedes notoscriptus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002451 ! Aedes procax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002625 ! Aedes calceatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002691 ! Verrallina funerea relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002692 ! Aedes fulgens created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T08:53:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001210 name: o'nyong-nyong virus def: "A virus of Genus Alphavirus with the designation of o'nyong-nyong virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (o'nyong-nyong) in humans. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11027 is_a: VSMO:0001204 ! Alphavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000585 ! Anopheles gambiae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000712 ! Anopheles funestus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T08:53:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001211 name: Ross River virus def: "A virus of Genus Alphavirus with the designation of Ross River virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (Ross River virus disease) in humans. Occurs in Australia, New Guinea, and the South Pacific." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11029 is_a: VSMO:0001204 ! Alphavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000621 ! Culex quinquefasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000647 ! Aedes albopictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000706 ! Culex sitiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000709 ! Mansonia uniformis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000749 ! Aedes normanensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000750 ! Aedes vigilax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000752 ! Aedes polynesiensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000773 ! Culex annulirostris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002225 ! Coquillettidia linealis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002226 ! Anopheles amictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002227 ! Aedes camptorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002293 ! Aedes notoscriptus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002442 ! Anopheles annulipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002444 ! Aedes alternans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002445 ! Aedes bancroftianus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002447 ! Aedes clelandi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002449 ! Aedes flavifrons relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002451 ! Aedes procax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002452 ! Aedes pseudonormanensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002453 ! Aedes ratcliffei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002454 ! Aedes sagax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002455 ! Aedes theobaldi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002456 ! Aedes tremulus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002460 ! Culex australicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002687 ! Mansonia septempunctata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002689 ! Verrallina lineata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002690 ! Verrallina carmenti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002691 ! Verrallina funerea created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T08:53:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001212 name: Sindbis virus def: "A virus of Genus Alphavirus with the designation of Sindbis virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Includes the subtype called Ockelbo virus. Causes disease (Sindbis virus disease) in humans. Occurs in Asia, Australia, Africa, and Europe." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11034 is_a: VSMO:0001204 ! Alphavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000587 ! Anopheles albimanus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000621 ! Culex quinquefasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000703 ! Culex antennatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000704 ! Culex bitaeniorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000706 ! Culex sitiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000707 ! Culex tritaeniorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000708 ! Culex univittatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000749 ! Aedes normanensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000750 ! Aedes vigilax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000755 ! Anopheles bancroftii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000773 ! Culex annulirostris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002226 ! Anopheles amictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002227 ! Aedes camptorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002251 ! Culex theileri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002367 ! Culiseta ochroptera relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002442 ! Anopheles annulipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002444 ! Aedes alternans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002448 ! Aedes eidsvoldensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002452 ! Aedes pseudonormanensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002455 ! Aedes theobaldi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002456 ! Aedes tremulus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002457 ! Aedes vittiger relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002458 ! Coquillettidia xanthogaster relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002459 ! Culex pullus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002460 ! Culex australicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002634 ! Aedes unidentatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002635 ! Aedes dentatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002679 ! Culex neavei created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T08:53:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001213 name: Barmah Forest virus def: "A virus of Genus Alphavirus with the designation of Barmah Forest virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (Barmah Forest virus disease) in humans. Occurs in Australia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11020 is_a: VSMO:0001204 ! Alphavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000621 ! Culex quinquefasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000706 ! Culex sitiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000749 ! Aedes normanensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000750 ! Aedes vigilax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000773 ! Culex annulirostris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002225 ! Coquillettidia linealis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002226 ! Anopheles amictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002227 ! Aedes camptorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002293 ! Aedes notoscriptus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002442 ! Anopheles annulipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002445 ! Aedes bancroftianus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002448 ! Aedes eidsvoldensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002451 ! Aedes procax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002452 ! Aedes pseudonormanensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002453 ! Aedes ratcliffei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002691 ! Verrallina funerea created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T08:53:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001215 name: Wesselsbron virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of Wesselsbron virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in sheep and milder disease in horses, pigs, camels, and also humans. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:164416 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000379 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000621 ! Culex quinquefasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000721 ! Aedes mcintoshi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002231 ! Aedes circumluteolus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002254 ! Aedes caballus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002627 ! Culex zombaensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002628 ! Aedes juppi created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T10:35:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001216 name: Eyach virus def: "A virus of Genus Coltivirus with the designation of Eyach virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPresumably transmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in Europe." [ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123737328, XX:] xref: NCBITaxon:62352 is_a: VSMO:0001248 ! Coltivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000370 ! viral hard tick borne pathogen of human created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T09:22:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001217 name: Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Also spread by contact with infected water or through handling of virus reservoirs such as muskrats. Causes disease (Omsk hemorrhagic fever) in humans. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:12542 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000370 ! viral hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000793 ! Dermacentor marginatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000799 ! Ixodes persulcatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002019 ! Dermacentor reticulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002046 ! Hyalomma marginatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002670 ! Ixodes apronophorus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T11:23:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001218 name: louping ill virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of louping ill virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (louping ill) in humans and domestic animals including sheep, horses, and goats. Occurs in Europe." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11086 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000370 ! viral hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000384 ! viral hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T11:53:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001219 name: Powassan virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of Powassan virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Includes the subtype of deer tick virus. Causes disease (Powassan virus disease) in humans. Occurs in North America and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123737328] synonym: "deer tick virus" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:11083 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000370 ! viral hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000628 ! Dermacentor andersoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000631 ! Ixodes scapularis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000798 ! Ixodes cookei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000799 ! Ixodes persulcatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002021 ! Haemaphysalis concinna created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T11:57:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001221 name: Orthobunyavirus def: "Orthobunyavirus is a Genus in the virus Family of Bunyaviridae." [ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11572 is_a: VSMO:0000045 ! viruses created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T12:04:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001222 name: Bunyamwera virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of Bunyamwera virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Belongs to the Bunyamwera Serogroup of Orthobunyavirus. Includes the subtype Germiston virus. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:35304 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000709 ! Mansonia uniformis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001359 ! Mansonia africana relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002231 ! Aedes circumluteolus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002232 ! Aedes pembaensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002649 ! Culex rubinotus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T12:10:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001223 name: Cache Valley virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of Cache Valley virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Belongs to the Bunyamwera Serogroup of Orthobunyavirus. Causes disease in humans, cattle, and sheep. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:80935 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000379 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000669 ! Anopheles quadrimaculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000683 ! Coquillettidia perturbans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000690 ! Culiseta inornata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000691 ! Aedes vexans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000726 ! Aedes taeniorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002185 ! Anopheles punctipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002187 ! Aedes sollicitans created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T12:10:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001225 name: California encephalitis virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of California encephalitis virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Belongs to the California Serogroup of Orthobunyavirus. Includes the subtype Inkoo virus. Causes disease (California encephalitis) in humans. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:35305 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000674 ! Aedes dorsalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000676 ! Aedes melanimon relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000690 ! Culiseta inornata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002233 ! Aedes tahoensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002639 ! Aedes cataphylla relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002642 ! Aedes increpitus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002644 ! Aedes squamiger created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T12:10:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001226 name: Jamestown Canyon virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of Jamestown Canyon virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Belongs to the California Serogroup of Orthobunyavirus. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:35511 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000647 ! Aedes albopictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000673 ! Aedes canadensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000674 ! Aedes dorsalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000683 ! Coquillettidia perturbans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000690 ! Culiseta inornata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002185 ! Anopheles punctipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002189 ! Aedes stimulans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002233 ! Aedes tahoensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002235 ! Aedes punctor relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002371 ! Aedes communis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002372 ! Aedes intrudens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002373 ! Aedes abserratus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002374 ! Aedes provocans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002638 ! Aedes epactius relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002639 ! Aedes cataphylla relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002640 ! Aedes clivis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002641 ! Aedes hexodontus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002642 ! Aedes increpitus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002643 ! Aedes washinoi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002644 ! Aedes squamiger created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T12:10:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001227 name: La Crosse virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of La Crosse virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Belongs to the California Serogroup of Orthobunyavirus. Causes disease (La Crosse encephalitis) in humans. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11577 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000647 ! Aedes albopictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000671 ! Aedes triseriatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000679 ! Aedes japonicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002236 ! Aedes hendersoni created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T12:10:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001228 name: snowshoe hare virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of snowshoe hare virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Belongs to the California Serogroup of Orthobunyavirus. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11580 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000673 ! Aedes canadensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000690 ! Culiseta inornata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002189 ! Aedes stimulans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002235 ! Aedes punctor relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002373 ! Aedes abserratus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002374 ! Aedes provocans created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T12:10:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001229 name: Tahyna virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of Tahyna virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in Europe, Asia and Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:45270 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000691 ! Aedes vexans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002188 ! Aedes sticticus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002237 ! Aedes caspius relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002371 ! Aedes communis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002375 ! Culiseta annulata created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T12:10:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001230 name: trivittatus virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of trivittatus virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:35516 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000675 ! Aedes infirmatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000678 ! Aedes trivittatus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T12:10:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001231 name: Oropouche virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of Oropouche virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes and biting midges. Belongs to the Simbu Serogroup of Orthobunyavirus. Causes disease (Oropouche fever) in humans. Occurs in South America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:118655 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000361 ! viral biting midge borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000621 ! Culex quinquefasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002240 ! Culicoides paraensis created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-20T12:10:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001232 name: Nairovirus def: "Nairovirus is a Genus in the virus Family of Bunyaviridae." [ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11592 is_a: VSMO:0000045 ! viruses created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T09:30:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001233 name: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus def: "A virus of Genus Nairovirus with the designation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever) in humans (severe disease) and domestic animals such as cattle and sheep (mild disease). Occurs in Asia, Europe, and Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11593 is_a: VSMO:0001232 ! Nairovirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000370 ! viral hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000384 ! viral hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000626 ! Amblyomma variegatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000793 ! Dermacentor marginatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000802 ! Rhipicephalus appendiculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000804 ! Rhipicephalus bursa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000806 ! Rhipicephalus evertsi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000809 ! Rhipicephalus pulchellus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000815 ! Amblyomma hebraeum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000826 ! Hyalomma truncatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000827 ! Hyalomma anatolicum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000829 ! Hyalomma impressum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002046 ! Hyalomma marginatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002049 ! Rhipicephalus pumilio relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002262 ! Hyalomma dromedarii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002660 ! Rhipicephalus rossicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002661 ! Hyalomma impeltatum created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T09:31:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001234 name: Nairobi sheep disease virus def: "A virus of Genus Nairovirus with the designation of Nairobi sheep disease virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (Nairobi sheep disease) in humans and domestic animals (sheep and goats). Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:194540 is_a: VSMO:0001232 ! Nairovirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000370 ! viral hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000384 ! viral hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000626 ! Amblyomma variegatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000802 ! Rhipicephalus appendiculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000804 ! Rhipicephalus bursa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000809 ! Rhipicephalus pulchellus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T09:31:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001235 name: Phlebovirus def: "Phlebovirus is a Genus in the virus Family of Bunyaviridae." [ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11584 is_a: VSMO:0000045 ! viruses created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T09:40:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001236 name: Rift Valley fever virus def: "A virus of Genus Phlebovirus with the designation of Rift Valley fever virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes severe disease (Rift Valley fever) in humans, sheep and cattle, and less severe disease in other domestic animals such as horses, goats, pigs and camels. Occurs in Africa and the Middle East." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11588 is_a: VSMO:0001235 ! Phlebovirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000379 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000620 ! Culex pipiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000647 ! Aedes albopictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000652 ! Aedes cantator relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000653 ! Culex erythrothorax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000654 ! Culex nigripalpus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000656 ! Culex tarsalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000671 ! Aedes triseriatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000673 ! Aedes canadensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000691 ! Aedes vexans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000703 ! Culex antennatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000711 ! Coquillettidia fuscopennata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000721 ! Aedes mcintoshi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000726 ! Aedes taeniorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000750 ! Aedes vigilax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000773 ! Culex annulirostris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001359 ! Mansonia africana relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002187 ! Aedes sollicitans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002190 ! Aedes excrucians relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002231 ! Aedes circumluteolus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002237 ! Aedes caspius relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002251 ! Culex theileri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002254 ! Aedes caballus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002255 ! Aedes lineatopennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002257 ! Eretmapodites chrysogaster relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002293 ! Aedes notoscriptus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002624 ! Culex erraticus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002625 ! Aedes calceatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002626 ! Aedes palpalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002627 ! Culex zombaensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002628 ! Aedes juppi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002629 ! Culex perexiguus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002630 ! Aedes fowleri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002633 ! Culex poicilipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002634 ! Aedes unidentatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002635 ! Aedes dentatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002636 ! Aedes argenteopunctatus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T09:41:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001237 name: sandfly fever virus def: "A virus of Genus Phlebovirus with the designation of sandfly fever virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Subtypes of sandfly fever virus include Naples and Sicilian in the Old World and Candiru, Chagres and Punta Toro in the New World. Causes disease (sandfly fever, phlebotomus fever, papatasi fever) in humans. Occurs in the Mediterranean region, the Middle East, and Central Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] synonym: "phlebotomus fever virus" EXACT [] synonym: "sandfly fever Sicilian virus " EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:28292 is_a: VSMO:0001235 ! Phlebovirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000366 ! viral phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000845 ! Phlebotomus papatasi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000848 ! Lutzomyia trapidoi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000861 ! Lutzomyia ylephiletor relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002118 ! Phlebotomus perfiliewi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002119 ! Phlebotomus perniciosus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T09:41:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001239 name: Orbivirus def: "Orbivirus is a Genus in the virus Family of Reoviridae." [ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:10892 is_a: VSMO:0000045 ! viruses created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T10:39:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001240 name: bluetongue virus def: "A virus of Genus Orbivirus with the designation of bluetongue virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges. Causes disease (bluetongue) in sheep and, to some extent, cattle. Occurs in Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and Australia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:40051 is_a: VSMO:0001239 ! Orbivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000375 ! viral biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000555 ! Culicoides imicola relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000836 ! Culicoides brevitarsis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002241 ! Culicoides variipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002242 ! Culicoides sonorensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002243 ! Culicoides oxystoma relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002258 ! Culicoides actoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002259 ! Culicoides fulvus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002260 ! Culicoides wadai relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002261 ! Culicoides insignis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002271 ! Culicoides schultzei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002317 ! Culicoides bolitinos relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002325 ! Culicoides peregrinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002326 ! Culicoides magnus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002327 ! Culicoides zuluensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002329 ! Culicoides scotius relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002330 ! Culicoides pulicaris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002331 ! Culicoides debilipalpis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002332 ! Culicoides stellifer relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002333 ! Culicoides filariferus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002334 ! Culicoides pusillus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002647 ! Culicoides leucostictus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T10:44:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001241 name: African horse sickness virus def: "A virus of Genus Orbivirus with the designation of African horse sickness virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges. Causes disease (African horse sickness) in horses, donkeys, and mules. Occurs in Africa, Asia, and southern Europe." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:40050 is_a: VSMO:0001239 ! Orbivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000375 ! viral biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000555 ! Culicoides imicola relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002241 ! Culicoides variipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002242 ! Culicoides sonorensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002262 ! Hyalomma dromedarii created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T10:44:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001242 name: epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus def: "A virus of Genus Orbivirus with the designation of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges. Causes disease (epizootic hemorrhagic disease) in deer and, on rare occasions, cattle and sheep. Occurs in Africa, Asia, North America, and Australia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:40054 is_a: VSMO:0001239 ! Orbivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000375 ! viral biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002241 ! Culicoides variipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002242 ! Culicoides sonorensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002322 ! Culicoides lahillei created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T10:44:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001243 name: equine encephalosis virus def: "A virus of Genus Orbivirus with the designation of equine encephalosis virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges. Causes disease (equine encephalosis) in horses. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:201490 is_a: VSMO:0001239 ! Orbivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000375 ! viral biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000555 ! Culicoides imicola relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002317 ! Culicoides bolitinos created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T10:44:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001244 name: Palyam virus def: "A virus of Genus Orbivirus with the designation of Palyam virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges. Includes the serotypes of Kasba and Chuzan. Causes disease (Palyam virus disease) in cattle. Occurs in Africa and Japan." [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:40059 is_a: VSMO:0001239 ! Orbivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000375 ! viral biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002243 ! Culicoides oxystoma created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T10:44:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001245 name: Vesiculovirus def: "Vesiculovirus is a Genus in the virus Family of Rhabdoviridae." [ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11271 is_a: VSMO:0000045 ! viruses created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T11:05:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001246 name: Ephemerovirus def: "Ephemerovirus is a Genus in the virus Family of Rhabdoviridae." [ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:32613 is_a: VSMO:0000045 ! viruses created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T11:08:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001247 name: bovine ephemeral fever virus def: "A virus of Genus Ephemerovirus with the designation of bovine ephemeral fever virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPresumably transmitted by mosquitoes and/or biting midges. Causes disease (bovine ephemeral fever) in cattle. Occurs in Africa, Asia, and Australia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123737328, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:11303 is_a: VSMO:0001246 ! Ephemerovirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000375 ! viral biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000379 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T11:08:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001248 name: Coltivirus def: "Coltivirus is a Genus in the virus Family of Reoviridae." [ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:10911 is_a: VSMO:0000045 ! viruses created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T11:10:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001249 name: vesicular stomatitis virus def: "A virus of Genus Vesiculovirus with the designation of vesicular stomatitis virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies, biting midges, and blackflies. Includes the serotypes New Jersey, Indiana, and Alagoas. Causes disease (vesicular stomatitis) in cattle, horses and pigs. Occurs in the Americas." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11276 is_a: VSMO:0001245 ! Vesiculovirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000375 ! viral biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000380 ! viral phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0002381 ! viral blackfly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000848 ! Lutzomyia trapidoi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000854 ! Lutzomyia longipalpis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000861 ! Lutzomyia ylephiletor relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002241 ! Culicoides variipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002242 ! Culicoides sonorensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002244 ! Lutzomyia shannoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002245 ! Simulium vittatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002637 ! Simulium notatum created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T11:13:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001250 name: Colorado tick fever virus def: "A virus of Genus Coltivirus with the designation of Colorado tick fever virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (Colorado tick fever) in humans. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:46839 is_a: VSMO:0001248 ! Coltivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000370 ! viral hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000628 ! Dermacentor andersoni created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-21T11:15:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001252 name: Leucocytozoon def: "Leucocytozoon is a Genus of Phylum Apicomplexa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nLeucocytozoon is a Genus in Order Haemospororida." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:195944 is_a: VSMO:0000006 ! Apicomplexa created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-08T04:42:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001253 name: Plasmodium gallinaceum def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Plasmodium with the species designation of gallinaceum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (avian malaria) in poultry. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5849 is_a: VSMO:0000531 ! Plasmodium relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000350 ! protozoan mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000585 ! Anopheles gambiae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000586 ! Anopheles stephensi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000649 ! Aedes atropalpus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000772 ! Coquillettidia crassipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002189 ! Aedes stimulans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002491 ! Aedes campestris created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-08T04:44:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001256 name: Babesia def: "Babesia is a Genus of Phylum Apicomplexa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPiroplasmids in Family Babesiidae." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:5864 is_a: VSMO:0000006 ! Apicomplexa created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T09:32:29Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001257 name: Theileria def: "Theileria is a Genus of Phylum Apicomplexa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPiroplasmids in Family Theileriidae." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:5873 is_a: VSMO:0000006 ! Apicomplexa created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T09:33:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001258 name: Babesia microti def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of microti.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (theileriosis) in humans. Occurs in North America, and Europe." [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5868 is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000341 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000631 ! Ixodes scapularis created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T09:47:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001259 name: Babesia divergens def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of divergens.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (babesiosis) in cattle and, on rare occasions, in humans. Occurs in Europe." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780851989693] synonym: "Babesia caucasica" EXACT [] synonym: "Babesia karelica" EXACT [] synonym: "Babesia occidentalis" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:32595 is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000341 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000793 ! Dermacentor marginatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000799 ! Ixodes persulcatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002019 ! Dermacentor reticulatus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T09:47:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001261 name: Theileria annulata def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Theileria with the species designation of annulata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (tropical theileriosis) in cattle. Occurs in Africa and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5874 is_a: VSMO:0001257 ! Theileria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000826 ! Hyalomma truncatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000827 ! Hyalomma anatolicum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002044 ! Hyalomma asiaticum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002063 ! Hyalomma detritum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002488 ! Hyalomma lusitanicum created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T09:58:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001262 name: Leishmania aethiopica def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of aethiopica.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5667 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000844 ! Phlebotomus sergenti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002105 ! Phlebotomus longipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002106 ! Phlebotomus pedifer relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002126 ! Phlebotomus aculeatus creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001263 name: Theileria parva def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Theileria with the species designation of parva.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (East Coast fever) in cattle. Recognized subtypes of Theileria parva include: Theileria parva parva, Theileria parva bovis and Theileria parva lawrenci. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5875 is_a: VSMO:0001257 ! Theileria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000802 ! Rhipicephalus appendiculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000804 ! Rhipicephalus bursa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000805 ! Rhipicephalus capensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000806 ! Rhipicephalus evertsi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000826 ! Hyalomma truncatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002065 ! Rhipicephalus zambesiensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002069 ! Rhipicephalus simus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002487 ! Rhipicephalus duttoni created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T10:04:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001264 name: Babesia bigemina def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of bigemina.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (bovine babesiosis) in cattle. Occur in the Americas, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5866 is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000802 ! Rhipicephalus appendiculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000804 ! Rhipicephalus bursa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000806 ! Rhipicephalus evertsi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000825 ! Haemaphysalis punctata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002054 ! Rhipicephalus annulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002055 ! Rhipicephalus microplus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002056 ! Rhipicephalus decoloratus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002058 ! Rhipicephalus geigyi created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T10:22:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001265 name: Plasmodium vivax def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Plasmodium with the species designation of vivax.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (malaria) in humans. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: IDOMAL:0000132 xref: NCBITaxon:5855 is_a: VSMO:0000531 ! Plasmodium relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000336 ! protozoan mosquito borne pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T10:28:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001266 name: Plasmodium ovale def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Plasmodium with the species designation of ovale.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (malaria) in humans. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: IDOMAL:0000131 xref: NCBITaxon:36330 is_a: VSMO:0000531 ! Plasmodium relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000336 ! protozoan mosquito borne pathogen of human creation_date: 2011-01-07T03:26:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001267 name: Plasmodium malariae def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Plasmodium with the species designation of malariae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (malaria) in humans. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: IDOMAL:0000133 xref: NCBITaxon:5858 is_a: VSMO:0000531 ! Plasmodium relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000336 ! protozoan mosquito borne pathogen of human created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-07T03:26:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001268 name: Plasmodium durae def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Plasmodium with the species designation of durae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (avian malaria) in poultry including turkeys. Occurs in Africa and North America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780851989693] is_a: VSMO:0000531 ! Plasmodium relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000350 ! protozoan mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-08T04:44:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001269 name: Plasmodium knowlesi def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Plasmodium with the species designation of knowlesi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (malaria) in humans on rare occasions. Plasmodium knowlesi occurs naturally in monkeys. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:9780123725004] xref: IDOMAL:0001228 xref: NCBITaxon:5850 is_a: VSMO:0000531 ! Plasmodium relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000336 ! protozoan mosquito borne pathogen of human created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T10:54:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001270 name: Babesia bovis def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of bovis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (bovine babesiosis) in cattle. Occurs in the Americas, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] synonym: "Babesia argentina" EXACT [] synonym: "Babesia berbera" EXACT [] synonym: "Babesia colchica" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:5865 is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000804 ! Rhipicephalus bursa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002054 ! Rhipicephalus annulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002055 ! Rhipicephalus microplus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002058 ! Rhipicephalus geigyi created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T12:03:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001271 name: Babesia major def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of major.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (bovine babesiosis) in cattle. Occurs in Europe and Africa." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:127461 is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000825 ! Haemaphysalis punctata created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T12:03:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001272 name: Babesia jakimovi def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of jakimovi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (bovine babesiosis) in cattle. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T12:03:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001273 name: Babesia ovata def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of ovata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (bovine babesiosis) in cattle. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:1402014139] xref: NCBITaxon:189622 is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000823 ! Haemaphysalis longicornis created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T12:03:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001274 name: Babesia occultans def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of occultans.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (bovine babesiosis) in cattle. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:1402014139] xref: NCBITaxon:536930 is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002046 ! Hyalomma marginatum created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T12:03:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001275 name: Babesia caballi def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of caballi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (equine babesiosis) in horses and other equines. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5871 is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000629 ! Dermacentor variabilis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000793 ! Dermacentor marginatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000804 ! Rhipicephalus bursa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000826 ! Hyalomma truncatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000827 ! Hyalomma anatolicum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002019 ! Dermacentor reticulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002020 ! Dermacentor silvarum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002046 ! Hyalomma marginatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002061 ! Dermacentor nitens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002434 ! Dermacentor albipictus created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T12:03:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001276 name: Theileria equi def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Theileria with the species designation of equi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (equine theileriosis) in horses and other equines. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] synonym: "Babesia equi" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:288690 is_a: VSMO:0001257 ! Theileria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000625 ! Amblyomma cajennense relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000629 ! Dermacentor variabilis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000793 ! Dermacentor marginatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000804 ! Rhipicephalus bursa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000806 ! Rhipicephalus evertsi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000809 ! Rhipicephalus pulchellus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000826 ! Hyalomma truncatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000827 ! Hyalomma anatolicum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002019 ! Dermacentor reticulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002020 ! Dermacentor silvarum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002046 ! Hyalomma marginatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002050 ! Rhipicephalus turanicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002055 ! Rhipicephalus microplus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002061 ! Dermacentor nitens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002062 ! Haemaphysalis bispinosa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002262 ! Hyalomma dromedarii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002488 ! Hyalomma lusitanicum created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T12:03:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001277 name: Babesia canis def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of canis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (canine babesiosis) in dogs. Includes the subtypes Babesia canis canis, Babesia canis rossi and Babesia canis vogeli. Occurs in southern Europe, Africa, Asia, and North America." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5867 is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000793 ! Dermacentor marginatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002019 ! Dermacentor reticulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002020 ! Dermacentor silvarum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002024 ! Haemaphysalis leachi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002046 ! Hyalomma marginatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002062 ! Haemaphysalis bispinosa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002483 ! Haemaphysalis elliptica created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T12:03:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001278 name: Babesia gibsoni def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of gibsoni.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (canine babesiosis) in dogs. Includes the subtypes rossi found in South Africa, vogeli found in North America and Europe, and canis found in Europe." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:33632 is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000823 ! Haemaphysalis longicornis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002062 ! Haemaphysalis bispinosa created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T12:03:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001279 name: Babesia motasi def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of motasi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (babesiosis) in sheep and goats. Occurs in Europe, Africa, and Asia." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:237580 is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000804 ! Rhipicephalus bursa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000825 ! Haemaphysalis punctata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002062 ! Haemaphysalis bispinosa created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T12:03:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001280 name: Babesia ovis def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of ovis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (babesiosis) in sheep and goats. Occurs in southern Europe, Africa, and Asia." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5869 is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000793 ! Dermacentor marginatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000804 ! Rhipicephalus bursa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000806 ! Rhipicephalus evertsi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002019 ! Dermacentor reticulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002020 ! Dermacentor silvarum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002046 ! Hyalomma marginatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002056 ! Rhipicephalus decoloratus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002062 ! Haemaphysalis bispinosa created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-23T12:03:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001282 name: Babesia trautmani def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of trautmani.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (babesiosis) in pigs. Occurs in southern Europe, Africa, and Asia." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002056 ! Rhipicephalus decoloratus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-08T09:14:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001283 name: Theileria ovis def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Theileria with the species designation of ovis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (theileriosis) in sheep. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:237578 is_a: VSMO:0001257 ! Theileria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000626 ! Amblyomma variegatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000793 ! Dermacentor marginatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000806 ! Rhipicephalus evertsi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000825 ! Haemaphysalis punctata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000827 ! Hyalomma anatolicum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002019 ! Dermacentor reticulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002020 ! Dermacentor silvarum created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-27T10:02:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001285 name: Theileria taurotragi def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Theileria with the species designation of taurotragi\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (bovine theileriosis) in cattle. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139] xref: NCBITaxon:27993 is_a: VSMO:0001257 ! Theileria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000802 ! Rhipicephalus appendiculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000809 ! Rhipicephalus pulchellus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002065 ! Rhipicephalus zambesiensis created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-27T10:02:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001286 name: Theileria velifera def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Theileria with the species designation of velifera.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (bovine theileriosis) in cattle. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:83538 is_a: VSMO:0001257 ! Theileria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000626 ! Amblyomma variegatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000815 ! Amblyomma hebraeum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002017 ! Amblyomma lepidum created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-27T10:02:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001287 name: Theileria buffeli def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Theileria with the species designation of buffeli.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (bovine theileriosis) in cattle. Occurs in Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139] synonym: "Theileria orientalis" EXACT [] synonym: "Theileria sergenti" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:5876 is_a: VSMO:0001257 ! Theileria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000823 ! Haemaphysalis longicornis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000825 ! Haemaphysalis punctata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002486 ! Haemaphysalis mageshimaensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002489 ! Haemaphysalis bancrofti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002490 ! Haemaphysalis humerosa created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-27T10:02:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001289 name: Theileria separata def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Theileria with the species designation of separata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (theileriosis) in sheep and goats. Occurs in Europe and Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:238210 is_a: VSMO:0001257 ! Theileria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000806 ! Rhipicephalus evertsi created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-27T10:02:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001290 name: Leishmania donovani def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of donovani.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (visceral leishmaniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans and dogs. Occurs in Africa and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5661 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000351 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000839 ! Phlebotomus longiductus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000841 ! Phlebotomus argentipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000843 ! Phlebotomus mongolensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002107 ! Phlebotomus alexandri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002108 ! Phlebotomus celiae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002109 ! Phlebotomus martini relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002110 ! Phlebotomus orientalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002309 ! Phlebotomus vansomerenae creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001291 name: Theileria mutans def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Theileria with the species designation of mutans.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (bovine theileriosis) in cattle. Occurs in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and the Caribbean." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:27991 is_a: VSMO:0001257 ! Theileria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000626 ! Amblyomma variegatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000806 ! Rhipicephalus evertsi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000815 ! Amblyomma hebraeum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000825 ! Haemaphysalis punctata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002017 ! Amblyomma lepidum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002064 ! Amblyomma gemma relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002068 ! Amblyomma cohaerens created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-27T10:20:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001293 name: Leishmania def: "Leishmania is a Genus of Order Kinetoplastida.\n\nCOMMENT:\nLeishmania is a Genus in Family Trypanosomatidae." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:5658 is_a: VSMO:0000044 ! Kinetoplastida created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-27T10:34:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001294 name: Trypanosoma def: "Trypanosoma is a Genus of Order Kinetoplastida.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTrypanosoma is a Genus in Family Trypanosomatidae." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:5690 is_a: VSMO:0000044 ! Kinetoplastida created_by: akila creation_date: 2010-04-27T10:34:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001295 name: EVS light trap def: "Powered trap, designated the EVS light trap, which combines a visual light attractant and short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods, and which can be enhanced with an olfactory attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe top part of the encephalitis virus surveillance trap (EVS) consists of a 1-gal paint tin painted black on the outside and lined inside with polyurethane foam. About 1.45 kg of dry ice is placed in the tin after which a plastic snap-on polyethylene lid closes it. Four to six holes punctured in the bottom of the tin allow carbon dioxide to flow downwards over the lower part of the trap, which consists of a vertical plastic plate having holders for two 1.5-V dry cell batteries that power a Mabuchi RE-260 motor (about 5000 rev./min) and a subminiature 1.5-V, 70 mA grain-of-wheat light-bulb. The fan was originally a two-bladed plastic propeller that was boiled for a few minutes to soften the plastic, and while still hot the two blades were twisted to increase their pitch to about 45°, after which it was held under cold water so that it set to this configuration. Later models, however, had a simple fan blade cut from sheet metal. The blade is mounted upside down on the spindle of the motor, which is fixed inside a 7-cm long piece of 7.6-cm diameter plastic tubing. A switch near the batteries on the vertical section of plastic allows the trap to be turned on and off." [ISBN:9781402066658] synonym: "encephalitis virus surveillance trap" RELATED [] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-05T02:09:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001296 name: Kimsey and Chaniotis trap def: "Powered trap, designated the Kimsey and Chaniotis trap, which combines a visual light attractant with short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nKimsey and Chaniotis found that in Panamanian forests rain spoilt the catches of insects when any of the standard designs of light-traps were used, and moreover metal parts corroded and caused frequent electrical failure. To overcome these difficulties they designed a completely new trap made almost entirely of transparent plexiglas and consisting of three principal parts. The trap head (A), in which there is a standard CDC light-trap motor and four-bladed plastic fan, is mounted under the rain cover (20.32-cm diameter). A vertical 5-cm baffle (c) positioned below the fan and across the trap prevents vortexing and so reduces damage to the catch. The middle holding cage (B) is made of a 20.32-cm length of 15.24-cm diameter plexiglas, and has a fine mesh screen (i) fitted at the top. The light-bulb (h) is maintained below the disc (bb) of the bottom part (C) of the trap. This disc and central entrance chimney (I) are painted black to prevent light diffusing up through the trap. Insects attracted to the light source are sucked up by the fan through the small chimney into the trap body, where they are retained." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-05T02:14:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001297 name: Pfuntner light-trap def: "Powered trap, designated the Pfuntner light trap, which combines a visual light attractant and short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods, and which can be enhanced with an olfactory attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nPfuntner modified the EVS trap to obtain larger samples. The main modifications were that the short plastic cylinder larger samples. The main modifications were that the short plastic cylinder housing the motor and fan was increased in diameter from 7.6 to 10.8 cm. The batteries were fixed to a cylindrical metal disc above the cylinder, and the mesh screen over the cylinder was omitted. A 10.2-cm Thimboe-Drome propeller was mounted onto a Mabuchi RE-26 motor, but apparently any 1.5-3.0-V d.c. motor can be used. As in some models of the EVS trap, the blades were twisted to a 45° pitch. The light source was a sub-miniature 25-mA bulb. A cloth collecting bag was fixed to the end of the plastic cylinder. This part of the trap is, as in the EVS trap, suspended under a 1-gal capacity tin containing dry ice, which flows out through four 6.4-mm diameter holes drilled in its bottom. An optional extra is a light sensitive phototransistor wired into an electronic time-circuit to automatically switch the trap on at dusk and off at dawn." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-05T02:17:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001298 name: updraft light trap def: "Powered trap, designated the updraft light trap, which combines a visual light attractant and short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA disadvantage of conventional light-traps having a fan below the light is that despite the presence of a screen, large unwanted insects tend to drop down on the catch and cause damage. To try to overcome this problem laboratory experiments were conducted with a trap having a horizontal 4-W black fluorescent light tube and a 6-V d.c. motor fitted with aluminum fan blades mounted above the light source. Air was sucked upwards and expelled at right angles, through the collecting cage. The ultraviolet light-trap of Wilton consists of a 4-W blacklight fluorescent tube (peak radiation about 3650 Å) operated from a 12-V car battery through an inverter and a 6-V d.c. motor with a 2-bladed fan connected through a 75 ohm resistor to the same battery. A 1.2-cm square mesh screen is placed behind the lamp. The collection cage consists of Tubeguaz stretched over two 10-in wooden embroidery hoops held apart by three 7-in long metal struts. The trap is constructed so that it can operate as a downdraft trap with the light above, or by inverting it as an updraft trap with the light below." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-05T02:22:29Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001299 name: Monks Wood light-trap def: "Powered trap, designated the Monks Wood trap, which combines a visual light attractant with short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nLight is provided by a 23-cm 6-W fluorescent tube mounted vertically between three white plastic or metal baffles. Light tubes giving either ultraviolet or white light with emissions of different spectral power distributions can be used. These tubes consume only 0.5 A and have a life of about 5000 h. They operate through a transistor ballast (inverter) from a 12-V d.c. battery. The baffles housing the tube are slotted into a 19-cm length of clear acrylic 10-cm diameter tubing. A removable wire mesh screen is held in position at the entrance of the trap body by a metal ring secured by three small clips. A detachable metal cover rests on top of the baffles to protect it against rain. Suction to draw mosquitoes into the trap is provided by either a 6-V motor connected to a resistor or by a 12-V motor. A netting bag similar in shape to that used with the CDC trap, but differing in that the top and upper sections of its walls are made of cotton cloth not netting, is fitted to the trap body. A slit like opening in the middle extends along a third of its circumference to allow damp cotton wool, or plastic foam sponge covered with filter paper, to be placed over the floor of the bag to help keep the catch alive overnight. The edges of the slit opening are covered with Velcro. A small transistorized photosensitized light cell, which permits the trap to be automatically switched on and off around sunset and sunrise, can be incorporated into the top of the metal box housing the ballast. To prevent the catch escaping when the trap is automatically switched off, a smooth 11-cm diameter plastic funnel can be inserted into the base of the neck of the bag. A small switch on the ballast box permits the operator to choose between manual or automatic operation." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-05T02:29:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001300 name: counter-flow geometry trap def: "Powered trap, designated the counter-flow geometry trap, which combines an olfactory attractant with short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe counter-flow geometry trap operates on the principle of producing two air streams flowing in opposite directions. A downward flow produces a plume of carbon dioxide or other attractants from the bottom of the trap. Mosquitoes are attracted to the CO2 odor plume and are caught in an updraft generated by a second fan. The original trap was constructed from a clear PVC pretzel container, modified by removing the bottom and adding a mounting flange and a 10.16-cm diameter × 17.78-cm length of PVC thin-walled pipe. A 5.08 cm diameter × 30.48 cm length of PVC pipe was fitted inside the larger diameter pipe, extending 7.62 cm beyond each end of the 10.16-cm pipe. An 80-mm fan was attached to the top of the PVC container. A 40-mm fan was mounted so as to seal the 5.08-cm tube from the outer container and produce a downwards airflow which exits from the bottom of the 5.08 cm pipe. A tube with an inner diameter of 0.32 cm passes through the outer container and into the side of the 5.08 cm pipe, above the 10.16 cm pipe, and provides an entrance port for CO2 to enrich the exit plume produced by the 40-mm fan. A small lid was attached above the 80-mm fan to prevent rain damage to the fan and to the mosquito collection. The CFG trap was hung from a pole so that the bottom of the attractant plume was approximately 50 cm above ground level." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-05T02:56:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001301 name: Haufe and Burgess trap def: "Powered trap, designated the Haufe and Burgess trap, which combines a visual color attractant with short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nHaufe and Burgess considered that the failure to collect mosquitoes with light-traps in subarctic regions of Canada was due to the natural high light intensity of the nights and the absence of periods of total darkness in their working area. For these reasons they designed traps that relied on a strong visual attraction. A fan is mounted about midway in a vertical metal cylinder, which is painted with 12 spiral 1 5/8-in wide black and white stripes. A horizontal disc considerably larger than the diameter of the cylinder is mounted above it to leave a small slit like entrance gap. A circular opening slightly smaller than the diameter of the cylinder is cut from the middle of the disc to allow a free flow of air through the middle of the disc down into the cylinder and out at the base. The disc is painted on both surfaces with 12 black and white stripes, which are expanded distally and taper towards the middle. Both cylinder and disc are rotated by a fan belt from a small motor mounted near the base of the trap. Mosquitoes attracted to the trap fly towards the black and white stripes on the cylinder, and their inwardly spiraling movement guides them to the top where they are prevented from overshooting by the disc. They eventually fly through the gap between the disc and cylinder, and get sucked down into the trap and collected in a suitable net or killing bottle. Alternatively, the catch can be collected in a removable magazine into which a number of small discs drop at pre-determined time intervals thus enabling the catch to be divided into hourly samples." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods creation_date: 2012-01-06T08:07:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001302 name: Fay-Prince trap def: "Powered trap, designated the Fay-Prince trap, which combines a visual color attractant with short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIt is well known that female Aedes aegypti are attracted more to dark than light objects and that shiny surfaces are more attractive than dull ones. The Fay-Prince trap has an upper part, which is wind orientated, and a lower fixed part. The upper part consists of an aluminum trapezoid, 17 1/2 inches high. A recessed shelf, 2 3/4 inches deep and 2 1/4 inches thick, is pushed to the rear of the trapezoid. A 4-inch diameter semi-circle is cut from the center of the front edge of this shelf. The rear end of the aluminum trapezoid above the shelf is covered with a transparent plastic window. This upper part of the trap is suspended by a wire attached to its middle. It has adjustable sliding panels to its front edge to counterbalance it and allow it to swing freely. The fixed part of the trap consists of a 6-inch high, 3 1/2-inch diameter, metal cylinder fixed by a hose clamp to a horizontal support. A 4.5-V d.c. motor with 3 1/8-inch fan blades is mounted within the cylinder to draw mosquitoes down into a CDC collecting bag tied underneath. The recessed shelf, outside of the metal cylinder and upper half of its inside are painted gloss black. The rest of the trap, including the 6-V battery, is painted white." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T08:11:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001303 name: determination of ampulla size def: "A morphological assay to determine the size of the ampulla in a female mosquito.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe ampulla at the anterior end of the common oviduct increases in size during oviposition and does not return to its original size afterwards. Thus comparative measurements of the diameter of the ampulla could be used to differentiate between nulliparous and parous females." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000025 ! morphological assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000173 ! mosquito age-grading created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T01:03:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001304 name: determination of cuticular growth rings def: "A morphological assay to measure the daily deposition of cuticle on the skeletal apodemes (cuticular growth rings) on a mosquito.\n\nCOMMENT:\nDaily deposition of cuticle on the skeletal apodemes can be used for age determination in mosquitoes." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000025 ! morphological assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000173 ! mosquito age-grading created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T01:03:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001305 name: determination of cuticular hydrocarbons def: "A morphological assay to measure cuticular hydrocarbons of a mosquito.\n\nCOMMENT:\nRelative abundance of specific cuticular hydrocarbons has been used for age determination in mosquitoes, for example Aedes aegypti." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000025 ! morphological assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000173 ! mosquito age-grading created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T01:03:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001306 name: determination of external wear def: "A morphological assay to assess external wear of a mosquito.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPrior to the 1930s the degree of wear or rubbing on the wings was widely used to distinguish between old and young mosquitoes. However, the usefulness of external wear, and the body part most likely to be informative in this respect, needs to be determined for each species of interest." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000025 ! morphological assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000173 ! mosquito age-grading created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T01:03:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001307 name: DNA based blood meal finger printing def: "Use of DNA finger printing techniques to identify a blood source.\n\nCOMMENT:\nHas been used to determine which individual humans provided mosquito blood meals." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000036 ! genetic assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000174 ! identification of source of blood meal in arthropod created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T02:05:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001308 name: genetic age-grading def: "Estimation of the age of an individual based on the expression of specific genes.\n\nCOMMENT:\nGene expression profiles are being explored as means for mosquito age predictions." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000036 ! genetic assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000173 ! mosquito age-grading created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T01:03:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001309 name: determination of granular basal bodies of ovaries def: "A morphological assay to assess the appearance of the granular basal bodies of the ovaries of a female mosquito.\n\nCOMMENT:\nExamining intact ovaries and recording the changes in the appearance of granular material in the ovariole sacs and contracted dilatations, and the presence or absence of globules in the ovarian sheath, has been used to age grade mosquitoes. For example, ovarioles with only diffuse granulation are 1-parous, those with discrete masses of compact granulations occurring singly or in pairs are 2-parous." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000025 ! morphological assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000173 ! mosquito age-grading created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T01:03:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001310 name: determination of presence of meconium def: "A morphological assay to examine a mosquito for presence of meconium in the stomach.\n\nCOMMENT:\nFreshly emerged adults of both sexes have a yellowish-brown to greenish colored waste product in the stomach, termed meconium (billiverdin and/or insectoverdin). However, as it is rapidly excreted, usually before or shortly after initial activity, it is of limited use in detecting nullipars or young males." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000025 ! morphological assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000173 ! mosquito age-grading created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T01:03:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001311 name: determination of ovariolar dilatations def: "A morphological assay to examine ovariolar dilatations in a female mosquito.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis method (also called Polovodova's method) requires considerable dissection and interpretation skills, but is capable of distinguishing between nulliparous and parous females, and also allows determination of the numbers of separate egg batches laid." [ISBN:9781402066658] synonym: "Polovodova's method" RELATED INFORMAL [] is_a: VSMO:0000025 ! morphological assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000173 ! mosquito age-grading created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T01:03:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001312 name: determination of infection with internal parasite def: "Examination of a mosquito for the presence of internal parasites.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA parasite infection may be used, based on the parasite life stage present, to determine the minimum number of days the mosquito has survived after ingesting infective blood." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000037 ! organism based assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000173 ! mosquito age-grading created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T01:03:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001313 name: determination of presence of aquatic ectoparasitic mites def: "Examination of a mosquito for the presence of aquatic ectoparasitic mites.\n\nCOMMENT:\nLarvae of water mites sometimes parasitize mosquitoes, and it has been suggested that since they leave female mosquitoes at the time of oviposition their presence indicate nulliparity. However, although these mites are predominantly found on nulliparous females they have occasionally been reported on parous mosquitoes." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000037 ! organism based assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000173 ! mosquito age-grading created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T01:03:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001314 name: determination of pteridines def: "A morphological assay to examine a mosquito to determine the quantity of pteridine pigments present.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe increase with age of the quantity of several pigments in various structures of insects can sometimes be used to age grade them. The most widely known pigments associated with age are fluorescent substances called pteridines, which are degradation products of purine metabolism that function as light filters in eyes, as sexual coloration pigments or as enzyme cofactors." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000025 ! morphological assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000173 ! mosquito age-grading created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T01:03:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001315 name: determination of rotation of male genitalia def: "A morphological assay to determine the rotation of the genitalia of a male mosquito.\n\nCOMMENT:\nNewly emerged male mosquitoes may be recognized by the incomplete rotation of their genitalia. The time taken for various degrees of rotation can be experimentally determined in the field or laboratory." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000025 ! morphological assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000173 ! mosquito age-grading created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T01:03:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001316 name: determination of tracheation of the ovaries def: "A morphological assay of a female mosquito to assess the terminations of the fine tracheoles covering the ovaries with the purpose of finding if they are tightly coiled into skeins of the ovaries.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe terminations of the fine tracheoles covering the ovaries are tightly coiled into skeins in females with ovaries that have not developed, but become stretched and uncoiled as the ovaries develop. This uncoiling is an irreversible change, so that the presence of skeins indicates nulliparity. This is a very simple method that demands no great dissecting skill and has become a routine and successful procedure that is widely used to determine the proportion of parous mosquitoes. The method consists of dissecting out the ovaries in tap or distilled water (not saline) placing a line of 10-15 paired ovaries on a microscope slide and allowing them to dry out. So long as slides are protected against ants, cockroaches and other scavengers they can be kept more or less indefinitely before examination." [ISBN:9781402066658] comment: The terminations of the fine tracheoles covering the ovaries are tightly coiled into skeins in females with ovaries that have not developed, but become stretched and uncoiled as the ovaries develop. This uncoiling is an irreversible change, so that the presence of skeins indicates nulliparity. This is a very simple method that demands no great dissecting skill and has become a routine and successful procedure that is widely used to determine the proportion of parous mosquitoes. The method consists of dissecting out the ovaries in tap or distilled water (not saline) placing a line of 10-15 paired ovaries on a microscope slide and allowing them to dry out. So long as slides are protected against ants, cockroaches and other scavengers they can be kept more or less indefinitely before examination. is_a: VSMO:0000025 ! morphological assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000173 ! mosquito age-grading created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T01:03:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001319 name: ELISA based blood meal identification def: "Use of enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to identify a blood source.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOne of the most commonly used blood-meal identification methods for arthropods." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000035 ! immunochemical assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000174 ! identification of source of blood meal in arthropod created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T02:05:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001320 name: species identification by cytochrome b DNA def: "Use of cytochrome b DNA to identify a blood source.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCytochrome b is a useful marker for identifying blood meals as it is present in high copy number as a mitochondrial gene and demonstrates sufficient genetic variation at the primary sequence level to permit reliable identification of vertebrate taxa." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000180 ! taxonomic identification relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000174 ! identification of source of blood meal in arthropod created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T02:05:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001321 name: histological based blood meal identification def: "Use of histological methods to identify a blood source.\n\nCOMMENT:\nHistological methods can be used to identify mixed blood meals in arthropods. Useful histological parameters for identifying multiple blood meals include: the peritrophic membrane, a zone of digested blood surrounding undigested blood, the presence of the remnants of a previous fully digested blood meal, and distinct physical separation of blood meals." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000025 ! morphological assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000174 ! identification of source of blood meal in arthropod created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T02:05:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001322 name: marking of arthropod def: "The process of introducing a distinguishing characteristic (mark) on an individual arthropod.\n\nCOMMENT:\nUsed in mark-release-recapture studies." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000094 ! material processing relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000169 ! vector surveillance created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T02:16:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001323 name: mark-release-recapture def: "The process of capturing and marking an individual animal and then releasing and recapturing it.\n\nCOMMENT: \nMark-release-recapture is the most commonly used method to determine how far an arthropod may disperse in the environment." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000037 ! organism based assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000175 ! determination of arthropod movement created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T02:16:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001325 name: laser marking def: "Marking with a laser.\n\nCOMMENT:\nLaser marking has been used to mark beetles and may prove useful also to mark arthropods with heavily sclerotised exoskeletons." [ISBN:9781402066658] synonym: "laser etching" RELATED INFORMAL [] is_a: VSMO:0000030 ! marking process created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T02:19:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001327 name: radioactive marking def: "Marking with a radioactive material. \n\nCOMMENT:\nRadioactive materials may be used to mark arthropods, for example through ingestion of a blood meal containing a radioactive material such as Rubidium." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000030 ! marking process created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T02:19:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001328 name: color marking def: "Marking with a colored substance.\n\nCOMMENT:\nArthropods can be marked with a variety of colored substances. This is most commonly done through topical application of colored dusts, pigments, paints, inks or dyes. Adult mosquitoes also have been fed soluble dyes, usually in sugar solution. This type of marking is often used in mark-release-recapture studies. Another use is for \"self-marking\" of emerging mosquito adults in mark-recapture studies." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000030 ! marking process created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T02:35:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001331 name: estimation of size of closed insect population def: "Process to quantify a closed insect population without immigration or emigration." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000171 ! determination of off-host arthropod abundance created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T02:56:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001332 name: estimation of size of open insect population def: "Process to quantify an open insect population where immigration or emigration may occur." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000171 ! determination of off-host arthropod abundance created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T02:58:29Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001333 name: mark-recapture def: "The process of marking and recapturing an individual animal.\n\nCOMMENT: \nDispersal of an arthropod can be estimated through mark-recapture if it can be marked before or while it is emerging in a motile life stage. An example is self-marking of emerging mosquito adults." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000037 ! organism based assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000175 ! determination of arthropod movement created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T03:02:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001334 name: weighted mean Lincoln Index def: "Abundance estimate, designated the weighted mean Lincoln Index, which is based on mark-recapture data.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis method extends the Lincoln Index to include a series of daily estimates of population size. Those based on days when the numbers of recaptured marked individuals is large will be more realistic in estimating what the actual population size is than daily estimates based on low recapture numbers. It therefore is appropriate to calculate a weighted mean for the estimate of the number of individuals in the population." [ISBN:9781402066658, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002034 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on mark-recapture created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T03:09:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001335 name: Skalski's relative abundance def: "Abundance estimate, designated Skalski's relative abundance, which is based on mark-recapture data.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMark-recapture techniques are not only used to estimate absolute population size, but sometimes to measure proportional abundance, such as comparison of population levels in time or place, or to record changes in levels. For instance the ratio (K) of mosquito abundance in one population (N2) to that of another (N1) can be obtained as K = N2/N1. Skalski and colleagues presented two alternative methods for obtaining confidence intervals of estimated K values for paired populations obtained by single mark-recapture methods." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002034 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on mark-recapture created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T03:42:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001336 name: Schnabel censuses def: "Abundance estimate, designated the Schnabel censuses, which is based on mark-recapture data.\n\nCOMMENT:\nSchnabel censuses are maximum-likelihood methods to estimate population size in closed populations when there are two or more periods of capture." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002034 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on mark-recapture created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T03:09:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001337 name: Lincoln / Petersen-Lincoln Index def: "Abundance estimate, designated the Lincoln / Petersen-Lincoln Index, which is based on mark-recapture data.\n\nCOMMENT:\nLincoln is usually credited with developing the method for estimating population size in which a known number of individuals are marked and returned to the parent population, prior to resampling, and hence the method is most frequently referred to as the Lincoln index. The principle behind the method is that a known number of individuals are caught, marked and then returned to the population. After a suitable interval to allow mixing a second population sample is taken and the numbers of marked and unmarked individuals recorded. The ratio of the number of marked individuals in the second sample to the total number in the second sample (both marked and unmarked) will be the same as the ratio of marked individuals released from the original capture to the total population. The simplest population estimates (P) are obtained from a single marking occasion and the use of the Lincoln Index to analyze the recaptures: P = an/r where P = the estimate of the number of individuals in the population, a = total number marked in the first sample, n = total number of individuals in the second sample, and r = total recaptures." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002034 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on mark-recapture created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T03:09:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001338 name: modified Lincoln Index def: "Abundance estimate, designated the modified Lincoln Index, which is based on mark-recapture data.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis is a Bayesian modification of the Lincoln Index: P = (an+AB)/r+B where P, a, n and r are as defined in the Lincoln Index, B is a mathematical variable, and A is a prior guess by the investigator of the probable population size." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002034 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on mark-recapture created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T03:09:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001339 name: Bailey's triple catch estimate def: "Abundance estimate, designated Bailey's triple catch estimate, which is based on mark-recapture data.\n\nCOMMENT:\nBailey introduced a deterministic maximum likelihood techniques into the analysis of mark recapture data, facilitating the calculation of variances of estimates. Essentially, the idea is that the population is sampled on three distinct occasions. On the first occasion arthropods are caught, marked, and released, on the second occasion arthropods are caught and both unmarked and marked ones given another distinctive mark and released, and finally on the third occasion arthropods are caught and the number of types of mark recorded. The intervals between marking must be sufficient for marked individuals to completely mix with the population, but not too long that a high proportion of marked individuals may die. From an analysis of the numbers of marked and unmarked arthropods caught on the second and third occasions an estimate of the size of the population on the second sampling day can be obtained." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002034 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on mark-recapture created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T03:46:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001340 name: Fisher and Ford's estimate def: "Abundance estimate, designated Fisher and Ford's estimate, which is based on mark-recapture data.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis deterministic technique relies on a series of markings and recaptures, and is frequently referred to as the trellis method, because the mark recapture data are tabulated as a trellis diagram. Essentially the process involves making a series of Petersen- Lincoln index estimates working backwards from recapture to release date. A constant survival rate that best fits the data must be determined by trial and error." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002034 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on mark-recapture created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T03:46:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001341 name: Jackson's estimate def: "Abundance estimate, designated Jackson's estimate, which is based on mark-recapture data.\n\nCOMMENT:\nJackson introduced two new deterministic concepts, the 'positive' and 'negative' methods. \n\nPositive method. In the positive method the loss ratio is calculated for a specific release day across all release groups. A large number of individuals are caught and marked on a single occasion and are subsequently recaptured on a series of occasions. Marked individuals are recorded at each recapture and all, or most of them are then released to avoid reducing the numbers of marked individuals available for future recapture. This gives information on the changes in the proportions of marked to unmarked individuals on each sampling occasion. Extrapolation of mark-recapture data gives an estimate of the number of recaptures that would have been obtained if sampling had occurred directly after marking, assuming of course that marked individuals had mixed with the unmarked population.\n\nNegative method. Marked and unmarked individuals should theoretically have a common loss rate, due to mortality or emigration. Any difference between the proportional recovery of marked individuals from two successive releases on different dates on a subsequent recapture occasion, should indicate the degree of change that occurred in the first marked group of individuals during the period between the two markings and releases. Working on this principle Jackson devised his 'negative' method, which estimates the loss ratio from the subsequent daily percentage losses for two release groups. In this method a series of catches are made in which individuals are marked and released, but only on the last catch are the recaptures of marked individuals and the number of marks on them recorded. An advantage of this method is that careful classification of individuals according to marks is only required on the final sampling occasion." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002034 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on mark-recapture created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T03:46:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001342 name: Leslie's estimate def: "Abundance estimate, designated Leslie's estimate, which is based on mark-recapture data.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThree deterministic methods (A, B, & C) were proposed and maximum likelihood equations used to estimate the death rate of a population which was assumed to remain constant over the sampling period. In Method A individuals are classified on each sampling occasion according to the number of marks they have received, so that a single recaptured individual with multiple marks is entered several times in the recapture table. In Method B the recaptures are grouped according to the date on which they were last marked and all other marks are ignored. This approach results in no loss of information and the method should give better estimates of the survival rates." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002034 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on mark-recapture created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T03:46:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001343 name: MacLeod's estimate def: "Abundance estimate, designated MacLeod's estimate, which is based on mark-recapture data.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMacLeod's deterministic method, derived from the Lincoln Index, attempts to overcome the problem that the loss rate of marked vectors is not constant over time." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002034 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on mark-recapture created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T03:46:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001344 name: change in ratio removal estimate def: "Abundance estimate based on ratio changes resulting from the removal of individuals.\n\nCOMMENT:\nChange in ratio removal methods (for example Kelker's selective removal method) exploit natural differences in appearance between different classes of the vector population, most commonly sexual dimorphism. The proportions of the two sexes in the population is determined, followed by removal of a known number of one of the sexes. The new ratio between the sexes in the population is determined afresh and the total population can then be estimated from the change in ratio between the two sexes." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0001460 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on ratio change created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T03:46:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001345 name: Manly and Parr's estimate def: "Abundance estimate, designated Manly and Parr's estimate, which is based on mark-recapture data.\n\nCOMMENT:\nManly and Parr introduced a stochastic method for estimating sampling intensity in mark-recapture studies, from which population size can be estimated. A number of catches are made on different occasions and individuals are marked with a different colored paint, or the same color in a different position, on each day of marking, i.e. date-specific marking. The time interval between the sampling dates need not be constant and the only assumption is that sampling is random. An advantage of the method is that it does not assume that mortality is independent of age." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002034 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on mark-recapture created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T03:46:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001346 name: stochastic model of Jolly and Seber def: "Abundance estimate, designated the stochastic model of Jolly and Seber, which is based on mark-recapture data.\n\nCOMMENT:\nStochastic models for open populations in which there are simultaneous births and deaths and possibly immigration and emigration were proposed by Darroch and independently by Seber and Jolly; in all procedures population parameters are estimated by maximum-likelihood. Jolly's method is almost identical with that of Seber but has the advantage that allowances are made for individuals killed after recapture, and not released. The basic assumptions are that: (i) on any sampling occasion all vectors in the population have the same probability of capture and all those caught have the same probability of being released again, irrespective of the previous capture history of the vector; (ii) the survival rate between day i and day i + 1 is the same for all individuals in the population, independent of age; and (iii) emigration is permanent and thus is equivalent to death." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0000017 ! estimate of abundance relationship: OBO_REL:has_quality VSMO:0002034 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on mark-recapture created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-21T03:46:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001348 name: equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures def: "Equipment used to collect immature aquatic stages (larva, pupa) of an arthropod." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000022 ! equipment for collection of arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T08:39:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001352 name: trap for emerging adult arthropods def: "Trap for adult flying arthropods designed to capture specimens while they are emerging as adults and then hold them in place for some period of time." [LE:LE] is_a: VSMO:0001908 ! trap for adult flying arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-22T09:22:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001353 name: trap for gravid females def: "Trap for adult flying arthropods designed to capture females while they are gravid and searching for an oviposition site for their eggs, and then hold them in place for some period of time." [LE:LE] is_a: VSMO:0001908 ! trap for adult flying arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-22T09:22:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001354 name: trap for host-seeking adult arthropods def: "Trap for adult flying arthropods designed to capture host-seeking specimens and then hold them in place for some period of time." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001908 ! trap for adult flying arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-22T09:22:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001355 name: trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods def: "Shelter for adult flying arthropods designed to provide a resting environment from which they can be readily collected.\n\nCOMMENT: \nMost commonly used to collect mosquitoes." [LE:LE] is_a: VSMO:0001908 ! trap for adult flying arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-22T09:22:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001356 name: pesticide-treated plastic sheet def: "Pesticide-treated screening material in the form of a plastic sheet to prevent vectors from contacting humans or domestic animals." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000200 ! pesticide-treated screening material created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-22T09:30:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001359 name: Mansonia africana def: "A mosquito of Genus Mansonia with the species designation of africana.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nBunyamwera virus\nchikungunya virus\nRift Valley fever virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Mansonia major Theobald " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001268 xref: NCBITaxon:667564 is_a: VSMO:0000686 ! Mansonia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-23T08:48:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001360 name: aircraft-based vector management equipment def: "Equipment used in the process of aircraft-based vector management." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000023 ! equipment for management of vectors created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:26:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001361 name: ground-based vector management equipment def: "Equipment used in the process of ground-based vector management." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000023 ! equipment for management of vectors created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:26:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001362 name: aircraft-mounted cold fogger def: "Aircraft-based vector management equipment in the form of a cold fogger.\n\nCOMMENT: Both fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters have been used to apply cold fogs. Conventional low-volume nozzles (e.g. flat fan) have been used on fixed wing aircraft to create fine sprays, using moderate or high pressures. However, the droplet spectrum is generally poor so preference is given to the use of rotary atomizers or very-high-pressure systems. A rotary atomizer has a cylindrical metal gauze rotated at high speed by an electric motor or by fan blades rotated by the forward speed of the aircraft. The pitch of the blades is adjustable so that the rotational speed of the atomizer can be set in relation to the aircraft speed. In addition to the centrifugal force producing droplets, air shear breaks the liquid into smaller droplets." [URI:http\://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2003/WHO_CDS_WHOPES_GCDPP_2003.5.pdf] is_a: VSMO:0001360 ! aircraft-based vector management equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:28:14Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001363 name: aircraft-mounted thermal fogger def: "Aircraft-based vector management equipment in the form of a thermal fogger.\n\nCOMMENT: For aircraft application of thermal fogs the diluted insecticide formulation is fed into the aircraft exhaust. The exhaust is adapted with vanes to swirl the fog droplets as they are formed. The application of thermal fogs by aircraft has been very limited." [URI:http\://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2003/WHO_CDS_WHOPES_GCDPP_2003.5.pdf] is_a: VSMO:0001360 ! aircraft-based vector management equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:28:14Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001364 name: pesticide-treated lethal trap def: "Pesticide-treated trap that kills a vector or prevents eggs from hatching or immatures from reaching the adult stage." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001442 ! pesticide-treated vector management equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:31:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001365 name: physical irritant device def: "Chemical-free vector management equipment in the form of a contraption that produces a physical irritant to prevent vectors from contacting humans or domestic animals." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001441 ! chemical-free vector management equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:31:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001366 name: pesticide broadcast equipment def: "Equipment used in the process of managing vectors through the broadcast of pesticide." [LE:LE] is_a: VSMO:0001361 ! ground-based vector management equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:31:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001367 name: pesticide-treated material for direct vector contact def: "Material containing a pesticide that is applied topically to a vector when it contacts the material." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001442 ! pesticide-treated vector management equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:31:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001370 name: pesticide-treated material for topical contact def: "Equipment for management of vertebrate hosts that consists of a material treated with a pesticide that is topically applied to a vertebrate ectoparasite host when it contacts the material. \n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples include cotton-balls treated with acaricide to kill ticks attached to rodent pathogen reservoirs and rollers treated with acaricide in the 4-poster design aiming to kill ticks on deer which contact the rollers while they feed on the 4-poster contraption's bait station." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001432 ! equipment for management of vertebrate hosts created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:39:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001371 name: pesticide-treated oral bait def: "Equipment for management of vertebrate hosts that consists of a bait treated with a pesticide that, when ingested by a vertebrate, acts to kill ectoparasites feeding on or attached to the animal." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001432 ! equipment for management of vertebrate hosts created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:39:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001372 name: 4-poster deer self-treatment device def: "The 4-poster deer self-treatment device contains a pesticide-treated material for topical contact in the form of rollers treated with acaricide that is topically applied to the head and neck areas of the deer while they reach for the food in the station.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe 4-poster deer self-treatment device typically is baited with whole kernel corn)." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001370 ! pesticide-treated material for topical contact created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:41:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001373 name: pesticide dust coated and baited tube def: "A tube-shaped contraption that contains a pesticide-treated material for topical contact in the form of a pesticide dust.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTypically in the form of a small tube that contains a food bait and a mechanism for applying an acaricide dust to kill attached ectoparasites, for example by forcing the rodent to contact a dusted part of the contraption before it reaches the food." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001370 ! pesticide-treated material for topical contact created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:41:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001374 name: pesticide-treated nesting material def: "Pesticide-treated material for topical contact that can serve as nesting material.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCotton-balls treated with acaricide have been offered to rodent pathogen reservoirs as nesting material (typically through placing the cotton-balls in a cardboard tube) with the aim to kill ectoparasites attached to the rodents and disrupt pathogen transmission." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001370 ! pesticide-treated material for topical contact created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:41:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001376 name: residual spraying and space spraying equipment def: "Equipment that is used to deliver residual sprays or space sprays to kill vectors." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001366 ! pesticide broadcast equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:44:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001377 name: solid pesticide material application equipment def: "Equipment that is used to deliver solid pesticide material." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001366 ! pesticide broadcast equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:44:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001378 name: pesticide emanator def: "Equipment used to release vapors of embedded pesticides at ambient temperature.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIncludes plastics or resins treated with pesticide, for example metofluthrin." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001377 ! solid pesticide material application equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:46:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001379 name: pesticide mosquito coil def: "A solid material containing an insecticide that is released when the coil is heated." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001377 ! solid pesticide material application equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:46:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001380 name: plug-in pesticide vaporizer def: "Equipment that is plugged into an electric socket and slowly releases a vaporized pesticide when heated." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001377 ! solid pesticide material application equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:46:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001381 name: pressurized pesticide spray can def: "Equipment in the form of a pressurized spray can used to deliver pesticide aerosol. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe spray can contains a concentrate of the pesticide in an organic solvent or water together with a liquefied or compressed gas propellant." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001376 ! residual spraying and space spraying equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:46:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001382 name: fogger def: "Equipment used to deliver cold or thermal fogs.\n\nCOMMENT:\nRefers to foggers that are held by hand or mounted on a ground-based vehicle. Fogs are also called aerosols and fall, together with mists, under the broader heading of space sprays. Fogs contain droplets less than 50 micrometers in diameter which remain airborne for a prolonged period of time. The fogger may have a blower to project droplets over a short distance but due to the droplet size in a fog, dispersal is dominated by natural air movement in the atmosphere." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001376 ! residual spraying and space spraying equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:48:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001383 name: mister def: "Equipment used to deliver a mist. \n\nCOMMENT:\nMists fall, together with fogs, under the broader heading of space sprays. Mists contain droplets of 50-100 micrometers in diameter (less than 10% of the volume of a mist should contain droplets less than 30 micrometers in diameter) which remain airborne for a prolonged period of time. A mister can also be called a mistblower." [ISBN:9241544031, URI:http\://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2006/WHO_CDS_NTD_WHOPES_2006.5_eng.pdf] synonym: "mistblower" RELATED [] is_a: VSMO:0001376 ! residual spraying and space spraying equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:48:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001384 name: sprayer def: "Equipment used to deliver sprays that produce a residual deposit on a sprayed surface." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001376 ! residual spraying and space spraying equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:48:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001385 name: manually operated sprayer def: "Manually operated equipment used to deliver sprays that produce a residual deposit on a sprayed surface." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001384 ! sprayer created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:49:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001386 name: powered sprayer def: "Power-operated equipment used to deliver sprays that produce a residual deposit on a sprayed surface." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001384 ! sprayer created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:49:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001387 name: backpack-carried powered sprayer def: "A powered sprayer carried as a backpack/knapsack.\n\nCOMMENT:\nUses a two-stroke engine and a small pump." [ISBN:9241544031] synonym: "knapsack powered sprayer" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0001386 ! powered sprayer created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:51:14Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001388 name: vehicle-mounted powered sprayer def: "A powered sprayer mounted on a trailer, tractor, truck, or other vehicle.\n\nCOMMENT:\nUses a two-or four-stroke engine-driven pump." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001386 ! powered sprayer created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:51:14Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001389 name: compression sprayer def: "Manually operated sprayer in which the container with the pesticide also works as a pressurized air chamber impelling the liquid to the nozzle. \n\nCOMMENT:\nAny of the range of hydraulic energy nozzles can be used with this type of sprayer." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001385 ! manually operated sprayer created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:53:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001390 name: piston pump sprayer def: "Manually operated sprayer in the form of a simple piston-operated pump." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001385 ! manually operated sprayer created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:53:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001391 name: intermittent hand sprayer def: "Piston pump sprayer which is used by drawing liquid from a container on the backward stroke and then forcing it through the nozzle on the forward stroke.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCapacity of 0.5-1 liter. Used for small-scale spot treatments." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001390 ! piston pump sprayer created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:54:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001392 name: slide pump def: "Piston pump sprayer operating with a slide action." [ISBN:9241544031] synonym: "syringe pump" RELATED [] is_a: VSMO:0001390 ! piston pump sprayer created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:54:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001393 name: stirrup pump def: "Piston pump sprayer where the lower end has to be immersed in a separate open bucket when the sprayer is operated.\n\nCOMMENT:\nUsually one person is employed to pump while a second person directs the lance which is at the end of a hose up to 6 meters in length." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001390 ! piston pump sprayer created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:54:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001394 name: hand-carried compression sprayer def: "Small compression sprayer that is light enough to be carried in the hand. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe volume typically is 1 liter or less." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001389 ! compression sprayer created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:55:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001395 name: lever-operated backpack-carried compression sprayer def: "Larger compression sprayer carried as a backpack/knapsack.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCapacity in the range of 15 liters. This sprayer has either a piston or diaphragm pump which is operated continuously by a lever." [ISBN:9241544031] synonym: "lever-operated knapsack compression sprayer" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0001389 ! compression sprayer created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:55:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001396 name: side-carried compression sprayer def: "A smaller version of the lever-operated backpack compression sprayer that typically is carried by a single strap over one shoulder." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001389 ! compression sprayer created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:57:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001397 name: backpack-carried mist-blower def: "Backpack/knapsack-carried equipment used to deliver a mist. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe power source typically is a two-stroke engine. The mist-blower uses a high-velocity air-stream to project mist-sized droplets over at least 5 m from the nozzle. The pesticide container typically has a capacity of 10 liters." [ISBN:9241544031] synonym: "knapsack mist-blower" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0001383 ! mister created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:58:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001398 name: hand-carried mister def: "Hand-carried equipment used to deliver a mist." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001383 ! mister created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:58:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001399 name: vehicle-mounted mist-blower def: "Ground vehicle-mounted equipment used to deliver a mist." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001383 ! mister created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T03:58:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001400 name: manual hand-carried mister def: "Manual mister in the form of a small piston pump." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001398 ! hand-carried mister created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:00:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001401 name: powered hand-carried mister def: "Small mister equipped with a 12-volt DC motor.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOperated by batteries to drive a plastic disc to deliver a mist, typically through a centrifugal energy nozzle. The pesticide container typically has a capacity of 0.5-1 liter." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001398 ! hand-carried mister created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:00:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001402 name: cold fogger def: "Equipment used to deliver a cold fog. \n\nCOMMENT:\nRefers to cold foggers that are held by hand or mounted on a ground-based vehicle. A cold fog is created by atomization of a liquid without heat through mechanical breaking up of the spray mixture, either by passing it through high-pressure nozzles or by passing a slow stream of the mixture through a high-velocity vortex of air." [ISBN:9241544031, URI:http\://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2003/WHO_CDS_WHOPES_GCDPP_2003.5.pdf] synonym: "aerosol generator" RELATED [] is_a: VSMO:0001382 ! fogger created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:01:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001403 name: thermal fogger def: "Equipment used to deliver a thermal fog. \n\nCOMMENT:\nRefers to thermal foggers that are held by hand or mounted on a ground-based vehicle. A thermal fog is created using a high temperature to vaporize the spray liquid, which then condenses to form a fog with droplets having a diameter less than 50 micrometers. A thermal fog using an oil-based liquid forms a dense white opaque cloud of droplets that reduces visibility. An adjuvant is added to water-miscible formulations to increase the visibility of the fog." [ISBN:9241544031, URI:http\://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2003/WHO_CDS_WHOPES_GCDPP_2003.5.pdf] is_a: VSMO:0001382 ! fogger created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:01:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001404 name: portable cold fogger def: "Hand-or backpack-carried portable equipment used to deliver a cold fog. \n\nCOMMENT:\nTypically powered with a two-stroke engine or electricity. Flow rates are 1-4 liters per hour." [ISBN:9241544031, URI:http\://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2003/WHO_CDS_WHOPES_GCDPP_2003.5.pdf] is_a: VSMO:0001402 ! cold fogger created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:05:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001405 name: ground vehicle-mounted cold fogger def: "Equipment mounted on a ground-based vehicle and used to deliver a cold fog. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe power source, typically a four-stroke engine, is mounted on a ground vehicle such as a trailer or truck. Flow rates are in the range of 0.5 litre per minute." [ISBN:9241544031, URI:http\://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2003/WHO_CDS_WHOPES_GCDPP_2003.5.pdf] is_a: VSMO:0001402 ! cold fogger created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:05:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001406 name: portable thermal fogger def: "Hand-or backpack-carried portable equipment used to deliver a thermal fog." [ISBN:9241544031, URI:http\://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2003/WHO_CDS_WHOPES_GCDPP_2003.5.pdf] is_a: VSMO:0001403 ! thermal fogger created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:06:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001407 name: ground vehicle-mounted thermal fogger def: "Equipment mounted on a ground-based vehicle and used to deliver a thermal fog. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe power source, a pulse-jet engine or four-stroke engine, is mounted on a ground vehicle. Delivery rates may reach 10 liters per minute with larger models." [ISBN:9241544031, URI:http\://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2003/WHO_CDS_WHOPES_GCDPP_2003.5.pdf] is_a: VSMO:0001403 ! thermal fogger created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:06:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001408 name: friction plate portable thermal fogger def: "Hand- or backpack-carried thermal fogger which operates with a two-stroke engine driving a friction plate inside the pesticide tank." [ISBN:9241544031, URI:http\://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2003/WHO_CDS_WHOPES_GCDPP_2003.5.pdf] is_a: VSMO:0001406 ! portable thermal fogger created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:07:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001409 name: pulse jet portable thermal fogger def: "Hand- or backpack-carried thermal fogger which operates with a pulse jet engine." [ISBN:9241544031, URI:http\://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2003/WHO_CDS_WHOPES_GCDPP_2003.5.pdf] is_a: VSMO:0001406 ! portable thermal fogger created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:07:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001410 name: vaccine-treated oral bait def: "Equipment for management of vertebrate hosts that consists of a bait treated with a vaccine against a given pathogen and ingested by a vertebrate." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001432 ! equipment for management of vertebrate hosts created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:10:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001412 name: lethal trap for host-seeking tsetse flies def: "A non-powered, free-standing trap that attracts and kills host-seeking tsetse flies. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe trap typically includes the color blue (which is attractive to tsetse flies) and is treated with insecticide to kill the flies as they contact the material. Chemical attractants also are used to increase the attractiveness of the trap." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001364 ! pesticide-treated lethal trap is_a: VSMO:0001643 ! unpowered free-standing trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:13:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001413 name: biodegradable insecticide-treated lethal ovitrap def: "Insecticide-treated lethal oviposition trap with the characteristic of being biodegradable.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe biodegradable nature of the trap prevents it from becoming a container habitat for immatures when the pesticide has been diluted or completely washed out by repeated rainfall." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001506 ! insecticide-treated lethal oviposition trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:14:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001414 name: biconical trap def: "Lethal insecticide-treated trap for tsetse flies with a characteristic biconical shape.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCombines blue and black color." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001412 ! lethal trap for host-seeking tsetse flies created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:15:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001415 name: monoconical trap def: "Lethal insecticide-treated trap for tsetse flies with the characteristic shape of a single cone.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCombines blue and black color." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001412 ! lethal trap for host-seeking tsetse flies created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:15:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001416 name: monopyramidal trap def: "Lethal insecticide-treated trap for tsetse flies with the characteristic shape of a pyramid.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCombines blue and black color." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001412 ! lethal trap for host-seeking tsetse flies created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:15:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001417 name: screen trap def: "Lethal insecticide-treated trap for tsetse flies consisting of a flat insecticide-treated screen mounted on a pivot. \n\nCOMMENT:\nIncludes attractive colors (such as blue) and be treated with chemical attractants." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001412 ! lethal trap for host-seeking tsetse flies created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:15:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001418 name: duster def: "Equipment used to deliver solid materials in the form of a dust." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001377 ! solid pesticide material application equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:18:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001419 name: granule applicator def: "Equipment used to deliver solid materials in the form of granules." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001377 ! solid pesticide material application equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:18:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001420 name: manually operated duster def: "A duster that is operated without a power source." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001418 ! duster created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:19:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001421 name: powered duster def: "A duster operated with a power source.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe power source can be an engine or battery." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001418 ! duster created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:19:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001422 name: backpack-carried manual duster def: "Larger duster mounted as a backpack/knapsack with a manually operated simple, paddle-type fan to blow dust metered from the container holding the dust through a discharge tube." [ISBN:9241544031] synonym: "knapsack manual duster" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0001420 ! manually operated duster created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:20:29Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001423 name: compression duster def: "Equipment in which dust is put into a container which then is closed and air is pumped to produce pressure to force dust through a discharge duct." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001420 ! manually operated duster created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:20:29Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001424 name: simple hand-carried duster def: "Hand-carried equipment in which small bellows or piston pumps are used to inject a puff of air into the container holding the dust so that a small quantity of dust is expelled through an opening as a cloud of particles." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001420 ! manually operated duster created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:20:29Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001425 name: backpack-carried powered duster def: "A larger duster, mounted as a backpack/knapsack, with a power source to operate the fan. \n\nCOMMENT:\nA powered mist-blower can be used for this purpose by replacing the narrow tubing for liquid spray with a wider delivery tube." [ISBN:9241544031] synonym: "knapsack powered duster" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0001421 ! powered duster created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:22:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001426 name: manually operated granule applicator def: "A granule applicator operated without a power source." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001419 ! granule applicator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:23:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001427 name: powered granule applicator def: "A granule applicator operated with a power source.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe power source can be an engine or battery." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001419 ! granule applicator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:23:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001428 name: shoulder-sling granule applicator def: "A shoulder-slung granule applicator.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAdapted from simple seeding equipment (the horn seeder). Can be used to distribute granules up to 7 meters distant." [ISBN:9241544031] is_a: VSMO:0001426 ! manually operated granule applicator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:23:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001429 name: backpack-carried powered granule applicator def: "A larger granule applicator, mounted as a backpack/knapsack, with a power source to operate the fan. \n\nCOMMENT:\nA powered mist-blower can be used for this purpose by replacing the narrow tubing for liquid spray with a wider delivery tube." [ISBN:9241544031] synonym: "knapsack powered granule applicator" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0001427 ! powered granule applicator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:24:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001430 name: auditory irritant device def: "Physical irritant device that produces noise to repel vectors." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001365 ! physical irritant device created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:25:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001431 name: electric charge irritant device def: "Physical irritant device that produces an electric charge to repel vectors." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001365 ! physical irritant device created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:25:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001432 name: equipment for management of vertebrate hosts def: "Equipment used in the process of managing vertebrate species of which individual animals may serve as blood-feeding hosts or pathogen reservoir or amplification hosts. \n\nCOMMENT:\nMay include a material containing a pesticide that is applied topically to a vertebrate animal contacting the material or ingested by the animal, or a vaccine that is ingested by the animal." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000021 ! equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:31:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001433 name: quality of mosquito net def: "Quality of a vector management material in the form of a net." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Quality ! quality created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:52:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001434 name: shape of mosquito net def: "Quality of a mosquito net which refers to the shape in which it is configured for deployment." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001433 ! quality of mosquito net created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:53:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001435 name: physical barrier def: "Chemical-free vector management equipment in the form of a material that can be used to deny vectors access to humans or domestic animals.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCan include clothing, nets and screens acting as physical barriers to vector-human contact." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001441 ! chemical-free vector management equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-25T01:39:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001436 name: circular net def: "Mosquito net configured for deployment in a circular shape.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCircular, or conical, nets are often preferred because they can be hung from a single support. The top is suspended by a loop attached to a sleeved hoop." [ISBN:9241544945] is_a: VSMO:0001434 ! shape of mosquito net created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:58:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001437 name: hammock net def: "Mosquito net configured for deployment in the shape of a hammock.\n\nCOMMENT:\nSpecial mosquito nets are available for hammocks; these are similar to rectangular nets but have sleeves for the hammock ropes at each end. To prevent mosquitos biting from below, the hammock is made of impenetrable material which also provides insulation from the cold." [ISBN:9241544945] is_a: VSMO:0001434 ! shape of mosquito net created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:58:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001438 name: rectangular net def: "Mosquito net configured for deployment in a rectangular shape.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA rectangular net typically is used over a bed or sleeping mat. It is suspended from four or more loops along the upper edges, and can be provided with an overlapping entrance flap on one of the long sides to facilitate entering or leaving without pulling out the part of the net tucked in under the mattress." [ISBN:9241544945] is_a: VSMO:0001434 ! shape of mosquito net created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:58:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001440 name: wedge shaped net def: "Mosquito net configured for deployment in a wedge shape.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe head end of a wedge-shaped net is suspended by a loop attached to a sleeved wooden bar. It can be hung from any suitable fixing point above the head of the bed or sleeping place. The foot end must be firmly tucked under the mattress or otherwise secured." [ISBN:9241544945] is_a: VSMO:0001434 ! shape of mosquito net created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-24T04:58:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001441 name: chemical-free vector management equipment def: "Equipment that is free of chemicals and used in the process of managing vectors." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001361 ! ground-based vector management equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-25T02:02:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001442 name: pesticide-treated vector management equipment def: "Pesticide-treated equipment used in the process of managing vectors." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001361 ! ground-based vector management equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-25T02:02:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001443 name: repellent-treated vector management equipment def: "Repellent-treated equipment used in the process of managing vectors." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001361 ! ground-based vector management equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-25T02:02:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001444 name: chemical-free lethal oviposition trap def: "Chemical-free vector management equipment in the form of a lethal oviposition trap. \n\nCOMMENT: \nThis type of trap is useful for insect vectors that deposit their eggs in artificial containers, such as the mosquito Aedes aegypti." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001441 ! chemical-free vector management equipment created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-25T02:09:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001445 name: collection of arthropods def: "The process of gathering arthropod specimens." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000659 ! specimen collection relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000169 ! vector surveillance created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-25T02:16:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001446 name: collection of the adult flying stage of insects def: "The process of gathering insects in the adult life stage capable of flight." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001445 ! collection of arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-25T02:19:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001452 name: collection of ground-based arthropods def: "The process of gathering arthropods not capable of flight from a terrestrial environment." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001445 ! collection of arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-25T02:24:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001453 name: collection of arthropod eggs def: "The process of gathering arthropod eggs." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001445 ! collection of arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-25T02:25:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001454 name: collection of emerging flying insects def: "The process of collecting adult flying insects as they emerge from the immature phase to the adult phase." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001445 ! collection of arthropods relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0001446 ! collection of the adult flying stage of insects created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-25T02:30:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001455 name: collection of gravid female flying insects def: "The process of gathering gravid female flying insects while they are searching for oviposition sites to deposit their eggs." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001445 ! collection of arthropods relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0001446 ! collection of the adult flying stage of insects created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-25T02:30:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001456 name: collection of host-seeking flying insects def: "The process of gathering flying insects while they are searching for a food source in the form of a blood meal host." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001445 ! collection of arthropods relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0001446 ! collection of the adult flying stage of insects created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-25T02:30:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001457 name: collection of landing insects def: "The process of gathering flying insects while they are landing on a physical surface.\n\nCOMMENT:\nFor example, while they are landing on a human bait." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001445 ! collection of arthropods relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0001446 ! collection of the adult flying stage of insects created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-25T02:30:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001460 name: abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on ratio change def: "Abundance estimate for adult arthropods off-host, which is based on removal of arthropods and subsequent re-examination to estimate ratio change." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000405 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods off-host created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-25T03:15:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001463 name: floating emergence trap for an open water surface def: "Trap for emerging adult arthropods, in the form of a trap that floats on an open water surface and captures adults that emerge from the water surface enclosed by the trap." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001352 ! trap for emerging adult arthropods creation_date: 2010-05-26T12:51:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001464 name: emergence trap enclosing a defined opening to a water source def: "Trap for emerging adult arthropods, in the form of a trap to enclose a defined opening to a water source and capture adults that emerge from the water surface.\n\nCOMMENT:\nUsed, for example, to capture adults emerging from crab holes, tree holes or septic tanks." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001352 ! trap for emerging adult arthropods creation_date: 2010-05-26T12:51:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001465 name: emergence trap suspended over an open water surface def: "Trap for emerging adult arthropods, in the form of a trap that is positioned above an open water surface and captures adults that emerge from the water surface." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001352 ! trap for emerging adult arthropods creation_date: 2010-05-26T12:51:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001466 name: floating box emergence trap def: "Box-shaped floating emergence trap to collect emerging adult arthropods from an open water surface.\n\nCOMMENT:\nSeveral different floating box traps have been developed. One example is given below: Morgan designed a floating box trap aiming to minimize shadows cast on the water and to reduce wave damage to the catch. The trap consists of a white painted narrow wooden framework supporting a plastic mesh collecting cage having a clear plexiglas roof. Plexiglas panels at the sides and a submerged apron of plexiglas reduce wave action; the apron also retains floating larval and pupal exuviae. Service later modified the trap by adding a cloth sleeve in the roof for the insertion of an aspirator." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001463 ! floating emergence trap for an open water surface created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T12:53:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001467 name: floating conical emergence trap def: "Cone-shaped floating emergence trap to collect emerging adult arthropods from an open water surface.\n\nCOMMENT:\nSeveral different floating conical traps have been developed. One example is given below: The modified version of Mundie's trap consists of a conical framework made of aluminum, or some other light alloy, having a 40 cm diameter base and is covered with white mosquito netting. The trap includes an inverted glass collecting jar with a small plastic funnel taped into its entrance and pushed into the trap's 8 cm diameter apical opening. The trap's three main struts extend horizontally and support two round floats. The trap is designed so that the base of the cone is just submerged." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001463 ! floating emergence trap for an open water surface created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T12:53:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001468 name: floating pyramidal emergence trap def: "Pyramid-shaped floating emergence trap to collect emerging adult arthropods from an open water surface.\n\nCOMMENT:\nSeveral different floating pyramidal traps have been developed. Two examples are given below: (1) Bradley examined the emergence of North American Anopheles by using a 3-foot square pyramidal floating trap that is anchored to overhanging vegetation; (2) Aubin later developed a pyramidal trap that consists of an 18-cm high, truncated pyramid of 3-mm plexiglas with a 25-cm square base supported on a styrofoam framework. An 8.5-cm square plexiglas plate with a large hole (5.8 cm) removed from its center is glued on top of the pyramid. The cap of a wide-mouth 8-oz glass jar with a 4-cm diameter hole removed from the center is fixed within the hole in the plexiglas plate. A plastic funnel is glued to the inside of this cap to both guide mosquitoes into the collecting jar and to retain the 25 ml of formalin that are poured around the edges of the cap. The collecting jar is then screwed into position." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001463 ! floating emergence trap for an open water surface created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T12:53:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001469 name: emergence trap for crab hole def: "Emergence trap used to collect adult arthropods emerging from a crab hole.\n\nCOMMENT:\nEvans designed a trap to specifically catch mosquitoes emerging from holes made by crabs or crawfish. The trap consists of a large Mason jar with an inverted waxed paper cone inserted into its mouth and fixed over an 8-inch copper mesh cylinder, which has the other end placed in the entrance of a crab or crawfish hole. The main purpose of the cylinder is to raise the collecting bottle from the ground to prevent submersion when the area is flooded." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001464 ! emergence trap enclosing a defined opening to a water source created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T12:57:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001470 name: emergence trap for sewage pit or tank def: "Emergence trap used to collect adult arthropods emerging from a sewage pit or tank.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTraps have been designed specifically to catch mosquitoes emerging from cesspits, septic tanks or underground sewage systems. An example of a trap developed for cesspits is given below. The trap is a 45 cm galvanized framework cube covered with mosquito netting and provided with a cord handle. The base of the trap consists of a galvanized sheet extending 6 cm on two opposite sides. A 30 cm tall inverted mesh cone is placed over a 25 cm diameter hole cut from the floor of the trap. The apical opening of the cone is 2.5 cm in diameter. A sleeve in one side of the cage enables mosquitoes to be removed with an aspirator." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001464 ! emergence trap enclosing a defined opening to a water source created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T12:57:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001471 name: emergence trap for tree hole def: "Emergence trap used to collect adult arthropods emerging from a tree hole.\n\nCOMMENT:\nEmergence traps were developed by Yates to obtain regular samples of emerging mosquitoes breeding in tree-holes. One example of such a trap follows: a glass collecting bottle (9-cm high and 7-cm in diameter) with an inverted plastic cone taped into the mouth and slipped into a spring collar. The small end of a mesh conical sleeve is glued onto the inside of the collar while the other end is tacked round the tree-hole with either drawing pins or staples." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001464 ! emergence trap enclosing a defined opening to a water source created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T12:57:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001472 name: hanging mosquito net emergence trap def: "Emergence trap in the form of a hanging mosquito net suspended over an open water surface to collect emerging adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMosquito nets can be used to sample emerging adults. The nets can be suspended by string from tree branches or from vertical poles or a wooden frame in shallow water." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001465 ! emergence trap suspended over an open water surface created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T12:59:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001473 name: suspended box emergence trap def: "Box-shaped emergence trap suspended over an open water surface to collect emerging adult arthropods \n\nCOMMENT:\nSeveral different non-floating box traps have been developed. Examples are given below: (1) Kimerle and Anderson developed a box-like trap with three sides and roof of clear plastic and the remaining side of 'Nitex' screening. The trap is staked with the bottom edge about 3 inches below the water surface. A strong plastic base plate is slotted into grooves near the bottom of the trap to enclose adults before it is removed from the water; (2) Bidlingmayer placed 4-foot square bottomless cages over vegetation so that the lower edges were submerged. Adult mosquitoes were removed through a small cloth screen; (3) Armstrong constructed a box emergence trap consisting of a four-sided wire mesh enclosure which is thrust into the water with about a foot or more of the cage projecting above the water. A horizontal cloth roof is placed on top of the cage." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001465 ! emergence trap suspended over an open water surface created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T12:59:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001474 name: suspended conical emergence trap def: "Cone-shaped emergence trap suspended over an open water surface to collect emerging adult arthropods \n\nCOMMENT:\nSeveral different non-floating conical emergence traps have been developed. Examples are given below: (1) Corbet designed a conical trap specifically for sampling mosquitoes emerging from shallow water. His trap consists of a 19 1/2 inch high aluminum cone, having a basal diameter of 14 inches and an apical 5 inch opening, covered with colored saran mesh supported on four 18 inch long struts. A petri dish is tightly secured by a sprung cord over the top opening of the trap, which is provided with a rubber or plastic foam collar to ensure a tight fit. Insects in the trap are viewed from above through the glass petri dish and are collected by inserting the long, curved, pliable copper collecting piece of a specifically designed aspirator through a slit in a double-rubber seal fixed into the netting of the trap. The trap is maintained with its bottom rim about 3 cm below the water surface by seating the trap on adjustable sliding brackets fixed to three rod-like legs. As the water level fluctuates trap height is adjusted, but when the water depth falls to about 5 cm the trap can be moved to a deeper part of the habitat; (2) Pritchard and Scholefield developed another cone trap in which the cone itself acts as the collecting vessel. A 1-m pointed metal stake is passed through the center of a 25 cm diameter aluminum alloy rim, the position of which on the stake can be adjusted by a clamp screw." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001465 ! emergence trap suspended over an open water surface created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T12:59:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001475 name: suspended cylindrical emergence trap def: "Cylinder-shaped emergence trap suspended over an open water surface to collect emerging adult arthropods \n\nCOMMENT:\nNon-floating cylindrical emergence traps for shallow water can be made of large copper mesh screen cylinders with open ends fastened to two stakes. Each cylinder is provided with a removable screen cover. Emerging mosquitoes are collected by carefully lifting a small section of the netting and aspirating out the mosquitoes. They also can be constructed using domestic 2-gallon capacity buckets, with a part of their sides removed and covered with plastic netting. The buckets are inverted over water and held in position by wire thrust into the bottom mud." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001465 ! emergence trap suspended over an open water surface created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T12:59:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001476 name: suspended pyramidal emergence trap def: "Pyramid-shaped emergence trap suspended over an open water surface to collect emerging adult arthropods \n\nCOMMENT:\nSeveral different non-floating pyramidal traps have been developed. Examples are given below: (1) James and Smith developed a trap consisting of a 3-foot square wooden framework mounted on four pointed stakes driven into the mud to partially submerge the cage. The short upright sides of the cage are of mesh screening. Adults were collected in an inverted glass bottle placed over the apical opening; (2) other developed traps consist of wooden or aluminum pyramidal frames of different sizes covered with plastic netting or nylon screening; (3) one pyramidal trap for use in ditches was described that consist of natural colored plastic mesh screening glued onto a pyramidal frame made of light alloy, 5 feet high and having a 4-foot square base. This cage rests on the bottom of a ditch but is raised about 2-3 feet each morning by pulling on a nylon cord attached to its apex and passed over a horizontal cross-bar. The collector stoops down and enters the cage to collect the mosquitoes with an aspirator." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001465 ! emergence trap suspended over an open water surface created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T12:59:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001477 name: suspended triangular emergence trap def: "Triangular shaped emergence trap suspended over an open water surface to collect emerging adult arthropods \n\nCOMMENT:\nEttinger described a collapsible triangular prism-shaped trap that rests on the bottom of shallow waters. The two rectangular sides (31.5 x 47.3 cm) are made of aluminum and flat aluminum strips are used to fix netting to cover these frames. The triangular sides (31.5 x 47.3 x 47.3 cm) are formed of netting reinforced along the bottom with a strip of rubber tape. The trap, which is held open by bolting two strips of aluminum to the frame, encloses 0.1 cubic m of water." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001465 ! emergence trap suspended over an open water surface created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T12:59:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001479 name: dipper for immatures def: "Equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures, in the form of a container to collect a water sample that may contain immatures or a device to directly collect the immatures from the water.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA dipper is a commonly used tool for collecting larvae and pupae from their aquatic development sites. Dippers vary in size, shape and the material they are constructed from. A variety of utensils have been used as dippers, e.g. soup ladles, rectangular enamel pie dishes, photographic trays, frying pans, plastic or enamel bowls, household metal strainers and spoons. Volumes of water collected by the dipper can vary from 100 ml to more than 1 liter depending on the specific dipper used. Dippers can be equipped with plastic or metal screen bottoms, or customized with long handles to increase their reach." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001348 ! equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T04:13:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001480 name: concentrator def: "Equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures, in the form of a concentrator device to concentrate the catch from multiple water samples.\n\nCOMMENT:\nImmatures collected from a number of dips are frequently pooled, and various simple devices have been designed to strain the larvae from the water of the samples to concentrate the catch. An obvious disadvantage of any method that combines catches from several samples is that the variances cannot be calculated. To overcome this and to reduce the time needed to remove the catch from dippers, Earle constructed an automatic device for collecting aquatic specimens, termed ADCAS. A 6 inch diameter metal funnel is soldered into the top of a 7 inch high metal cylinder. The 1 inch diameter opening at the opposite end of the funnel is soldered to a metal screw cap of a bottle of about 120 ml capacity. Two rectangular 1 x 2 1/4 in openings are cut from the sides of the funnel and covered with 96 mesh screen. A 7/16 in hole is drilled into the side of the funnel and a copper inverted U-tube acting as a siphon is inserted, with one end placed inside the collecting bottle. A removable cylinder of 96 mesh screen 9/16 inches diameter is soldered onto a bronze collar, which is screwed on to the threaded end of the copper siphon. Four bronze wire vertical guards are soldered around the outside of the cylinder to help protect it from damage. A removable 6 1/2 in diameter sieve made from about 8 mesh gauze is also constructed. Successive samples collected by a dipper are poured through the funnel and when the collecting bottle fills up the siphon automatically lowers the water in the bottle to the level of its intake. The coarse circular sieve can be placed over the top of the funnel to exclude stones and debris.\n\nOthers have produced simpler concentrators, for example the concentrator of Warren and Eddleman which basically consists of a 1 gallon white plastic bottle with one end removed and replaced with a 1/8 mesh sieve. Another example is Hagstrum who used the very simple procedure of pouring the contents from 10 dips through a muslin cloth, which was then tied up and placed in 5% formaldehyde." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001348 ! equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T04:37:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001481 name: collection net for immatures def: "Equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures, in the form of a large or small collection net drawn through the water to sample aquatic immatures.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe net typically is mounted on a frame and attached to a handle to increase the reach. Can be used to sample relatively large habitats, e.g. borrow pits, ponds and marshes." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001348 ! equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures creation_date: 2010-05-26T06:48:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001482 name: area sampler def: "Equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures, in the form of a cylindrical, rectangular or square area sampler, the sides of which contain the immatures while they are being collected.\n\nCOMMENT:\nSamplers covering a known area have been used to collect immatures in shallow water." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001348 ! equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T07:00:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001483 name: standard pint dipper def: "The standard pint dipper for immatures has a water-holding capacity of 473 ml.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe water-holding capacity may vary from 390 to 500 ml, although it usually is given as 473 ml." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001479 ! dipper for immatures created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T04:18:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001484 name: area sampler of Roberts and Scanlon def: "Dual cylinder area sampler with internal cones for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures designed by Roberts and Scanlon.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis sampler consists of two plexiglas cylinders. The larger one is 5 inches in diameter and 11 13/16 inches tall, while the smaller is 4 7/16 inches in diameter, 12 inches tall and has an inverted plastic cone with a 67 degree slope inserted into the bottom end. A weighted rubber stopper is secured to a length of nylon string attached to a plastic rod, which is placed across the opening at the opposite end of the cylinder. In use, after the larger cylinder has been firmly thrust into the bottom of a pool, the smaller cylinder is inserted and carefully pushed down to the bottom. After a predetermined time to allow mosquito larvae enclosed by the cylinders to pass through the smaller opening of the cone, the stopper is pulled up to seal the inner cylinder. This is then withdrawn and trapped larvae emptied into a dish and sorted." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001482 ! area sampler created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T07:06:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001485 name: area sampler of Downing def: "Single cylinder area sampler with internal funnel for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures designed by Downing.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis sampler consists of a plastic outer open-ended cylinder with height graduations in inches marked on the outside. A slightly smaller cylinder with an inverted funnel attached to the base is pushed down and into the outer cylinder. After an appropriate exposure period, a rubber bung is inserted into the funnel. The cylinder is then pulled out by a wooden dowel handle fixed across its top, and the contents tipped into a white tray for sorting. The water surface sampled is 18 square inches." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001482 ! area sampler created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T07:10:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001486 name: Enfield and Pritchard sampler def: "Single cylinder area sampler with internal trapping-vessel for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures designed by Enfield and Pritchard.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis sampler consists of a 10- or 20-cm diameter PVC cylinder and a galvanized so-called trapping-vessel fitting inside the cylinder. The trapping-vessel is lowered within the cylinder with a polythene funnel fitted at the bottom in the raised position. The water level should be just above the inner funnel. Larvae swim through the gap between the inner funnel and an outer funnel to the water surface, but do not swim back again. After 20 to 60 min the inner polythene funnel is lowered to close the gap between it and the outer funnel, and then the trapping vessel is withdrawn from the PVC cylinder. Larvae can be filtered off and counted, or preserved." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001482 ! area sampler created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T07:13:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001487 name: area sampler of Taylor def: "Single cylinder area sampler for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures designed by Taylor.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTaylor constructed a sampler comprising of a 33 cm long, 12.0 cm internal diameter plexiglas cylinder with a serrated steel band extending 3 cm on the lower end. There is a similar length of plexiglas 10.5 cm in diameter with the bottom closed with two discs of plexiglas in between which is sandwiched a rubber ring that forms a seal with the outer cylinder. A 3.6 cm diameter hole is made in this \"rubber sandwich\" which is bevelled on the lower side to facilitate water flowing into the cylinder, and bevelled into the middle on the interior rim to facilitate seating of a rubber stopper mounted at the end of a steel rod. To operate, the outer cylinder is thrust into the bottom substrate and then the inner cylinder is pushed down so that the water enters through the bottom hole. The rubber stopper is then pushed into the hole and the sample poured through a 10 cm funnel mounted over a screen cylinder (6 cm x 2.5 cm)." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001482 ! area sampler created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T07:16:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001488 name: floating trap def: "Equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures, in the form of a floating trap consisting of a floating frame of a given size within which immatures can be collected." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001348 ! equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T07:23:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001489 name: floating funnel trap def: "Floating trap equipped with an inverted funnel that guides the immatures up into a trapping chamber where they are contained until the trap is checked." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001488 ! floating trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T07:27:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001491 name: powered aquatic light trap def: "Equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures, in the form of a submerged light-trap.\n\nCOMMENT: \nHave been used in limited trials to collect immatures. A very simple aquatic light-trap designed by Husbands consists of a wide mouthed screw-cap glass jar having a translucent plastic funnel retained in its mouth by a screw-on metal ring of the cap. Illumination is by a 6 V torch bulb suspended inside a test tube inserted through a 15 mm diameter hole drilled in the bottom of the jar. The trap can be operated from a dry cell battery. The trap is two-thirds filled with water and either suspended in the water by a rope or supported by floats; a cork soaked in chloroform is placed in the bottle to kill the catch. Later modifications to aquatic light traps include use of betalights or chemical light sticks." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001348 ! equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T07:35:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001492 name: sticky powered aquatic light trap def: "Powered aquatic light trap combined with an adhesive to collect immatures through sticky action." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001491 ! powered aquatic light trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T07:42:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001493 name: pipette def: "Equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures, in the form of a hand-held plastic pipette. \n\nCOMMENT:\nUsed to collect immatures from different types of small water sources such as tree holes, leaf axils etc." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001348 ! equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T07:46:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001494 name: powered collection pump def: "Equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures, in the form of a powered pump.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPumping action can be used to collect water potentially containing immatures from various water sources. For example, Morris devised an apparatus comprising of a probe, a pump, a sieve and a connecting hose. The probe is a 30 inch length of 0.5 inch diameter electrical conduit with four 3/4 inch holes drilled perpendicular to each other near the end. This end section of the conduit is enclosed in a 2 inch diameter 10 inch long sleeve of 18 gauge stainless steel perforated with numerous 5/16 inch holes acting as a coarse filter. The end of the conduit is closed with a bolt-on conical cap. A length of garden hose connects the upper part of the conduit to a 12-V self-priming pump operated from a 12-V car battery. About 4.24 gallons of water are sucked up per minute. Water is pumped up into an inverted 8 inch diameter metal funnel having a 350 mesh nylon sieve attached to the bottom. The narrow end of the funnel is placed in a 1-quart jar, and material deposited on the sieve flushed through the jar." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001348 ! equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T07:51:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001495 name: hand-operated collection pump def: "Equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures, in the form of a hand-operated pump used to collect water potentially containing immatures.\n\nCOMMENT:\nUsed, for example, to collect immatures from tires or from underground natural water sources or storm drains. Water is sucked up through the shaft by pulling up the handle, after which the pump must be withdrawn quickly from the habitat and the collected column of water allowed to drain into a bowl or through a fine sieve. The water will drain out of the pump by gravity." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001348 ! equipment for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T08:00:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001496 name: Bidlingmayer's larval trap def: "Single cylinder area sampler with internal cone for collection of aquatic arthropod immatures designed by Bidlingmayer.\n\nCOMMENT:\nBidlingmayer's larval trap consists of two parts. One part is a galvanized cylinder fitted with pair of handles. The other part is inserted in the cylinder. The simplest is a metal cone with a apical opening and a basal so that it is a sliding fit within the cylinder. A metal cylinder is placed over the cone and riveted in position. The alternative insert for the trap consists of a cylinder with floor about 4 inches from the base and composes of a series of small pyramids (14 complete' partially complete pyramids) with a base of 3.5 inch square. Each small pyramid has an apical opening. The outer cylinder is thrust into the mud and enclosed plants pulled up and vigorously shaken in the water within the cylinder. All pieces of plant, either rooted or free floating, are removed. After 5-10 min, either type of insert is pushed down into the cylinder until its opening is about 1-2 inches below the water surface. Larvae surface and pass through the single cone, or pyramids, and are trapped in the space above the opening surrounding the insert. The trap can be left in position for 24 h, or removed sooner so long as sufficient time has been allowed for the larvae to surface. Larvae are recovered from the trap by baling or siphoning out the water surrounding the cone, or pyramids. The water can be emptied into a white dish and the larvae collected. A more rapid larval recovery might be obtained if the contents were sieved and floated in saturated magnesium sulphate." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001482 ! area sampler created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T08:13:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001498 name: equipment for collection of ground-based arthropods def: "Equipment used to collect immatures or adults of a ground-based arthropod." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000022 ! equipment for collection of arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T08:48:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001500 name: equipment for collection of adult flying arthropods def: "Equipment used to collect the adult flying stage of an arthropod." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000022 ! equipment for collection of arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-26T08:54:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001501 name: oviposition trap def: "Equipment for collection of arthropod eggs, in the form of a trap to collect eggs deposited by gravid females.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA variety of different oviposition traps (ovitraps) to collect eggs from arthropods that lay their eggs in containers have been developed. This includes lethal ovitraps that incorporate a sticky substance to capture and kill the female and/or an insecticide to kill the female or the developing larvae. A basic ovitrap consists of a simple container (for example a glass jar, plastic container, or a cut up part of a tire) holding water (sometimes enhanced with a hay infusion to increase its attractiveness to the female) and a substrate for the female to deposit the eggs on (for example a \"paddle\" made of hardboard or balsa or a wooden tongue depressor)." [VSMO:Authors] synonym: "ovitrap" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0000179 ! equipment for collection of arthropod eggs creation_date: 2010-05-27T09:19:29Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001502 name: oviposition trap with killing action def: "Oviposition trap which incorporates an action to kill egg-laying females or developing immatures, or to prevent emerging adults from escaping the ovitrap." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001501 ! oviposition trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T09:32:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001503 name: oviposition trap without killing action def: "Oviposition trap which does not include a specific killing action.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis type of oviposition trap can become a larval development habitat if not attended to." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001501 ! oviposition trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T09:40:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001504 name: sticky lethal oviposition trap def: "Chemical-free lethal oviposition trap with killing action through a sticky substance to \"trap\" and kill ovipositing females." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001353 ! trap for gravid females is_a: VSMO:0001444 ! chemical-free lethal oviposition trap is_a: VSMO:0001502 ! oviposition trap with killing action created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T09:43:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001505 name: autocidal oviposition trap def: "Chemical-free lethal oviposition trap with killing action through netting to prevent emerging adults from escaping the trap." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001444 ! chemical-free lethal oviposition trap is_a: VSMO:0001502 ! oviposition trap with killing action created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T09:54:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001506 name: insecticide-treated lethal oviposition trap def: "Oviposition trap with killing action containing one or several insecticides to kill ovipositing females and developing immatures" [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001364 ! pesticide-treated lethal trap is_a: VSMO:0001502 ! oviposition trap with killing action created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T09:54:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001507 name: insecticide-treated and sticky lethal oviposition trap def: "Oviposition trap with killing action containing one or several insecticides, and a sticky substance, to kill ovipositing females and developing immatures." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001364 ! pesticide-treated lethal trap is_a: VSMO:0001502 ! oviposition trap with killing action created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T09:55:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001508 name: gravid trap def: "Equipment in the form of a trap for collection of gravid females and the eggs they deposit. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe primary purpose of a gravid trap is to collect gravid females but it also can be used to collect deposited eggs." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000179 ! equipment for collection of arthropod eggs is_a: VSMO:0001353 ! trap for gravid females created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T07:51:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001509 name: gravid trap of Surgeoner and Helson def: "A powered gravid trap with water and sods of earth as the attractant to capture gravid females through the use of a CDC light-trap.\n\nCOMMENT:\nSurgeoner and Helson built a trap consisting of an 84-cm diameter plastic inflatable paddling pool, the middle of which was placed in a hole so that when filled with water the depth at the centre was about 23 cm. The pool was lined with sods of earth, and 40 ml n-capric (decanoic) acid diluted in 15 ml of ethanol was added to improve the attractiveness of the water as a Culex oviposition site. A 30-cm metal container, 26 cm high and weighted with stones was placed in the centre of the pool, having the rim of the container about 3 cm above the water. A CDC light-trap with the collecting bag replaced by a pint-sized plastic container with two 3 x 2 cm windows and bottom covered with netting was placed on the stones. The lid of the CDC trap was about 6 cm above the water." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001508 ! gravid trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T07:55:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001510 name: CDC gravid trap def: "An open powered gravid trap which uses suction combined with a hay infusion attractant to capture gravid females.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe original trap CDC gravid trap (or gravid trap of Reiter) consists of a 3 inch diameter PVC inlet tube housing a 6 V motor, as used in CDC traps, on which is mounted a four-bladed 3 inch counter-clockwise fan. The inlet tube is clamped between two vertical wooden boards that fit over a black plastic box (18.5 x 14.0 x 6.5 inches). A plastic 12 inch long PVC chimney slots into the upper end of the inlet tube. The top half consists of three struts that fit into and support a netting collecting bag. For this the middle of the collecting bag is reinforced with a circular patch of denim cloth. The oviposition attractant is made by adding 1 lb of hay and 1 oz each of dried brewer's yeast and lactalbumen powder to 30 gallons of tap water. This infusion is allowed to mature for 5 days. This original gravid mosquito trap of Reiter suffers from certain limitations, namely up to 10% of the catch of adults is damaged by passing through the fan blades, and adults tend to die of desiccation." [ISBN:9781402066658] synonym: "gravid trap of Reiter" RELATED [] is_a: VSMO:0001508 ! gravid trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T07:59:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001511 name: modified gravid trap of Reiter def: "An enclosed powered gravid trap which uses suction combined with a hay infusion attractant to capture gravid females.\n\nCOMMENT:\nReiter redesigned his original gravid trap to consist of a rectangular box 41 cm long, 27 cm high and 13 cm wide made of 1.1 cm plywood. The trap is composed of an upper, middle and lower compartment held together with suitcase latches. The upper part is 11 cm high and has a carrying handle screwed on the top, and a small shelf inside on which batteries are placed. The 4 cm high middle compartment has an 8 mesh per cm screen fastened across the entire top. The lower compartment, 12 cm high, has solid ends that extend down 13 cm and support the trap when it is not resting on the oviposition pan. A 6 V CDC-type motor and a 4 bladed 7.6 cm diameter fan is mounted in a bracket that fits into a 9 cm slot cut in an 18 cm length of 7.6 cm diameter PVC tubing. Dry ice or an anaesthetic is placed on the screen top of the middle compartment to anaesthetize or kill the catch. The two compartments are then tipped upside down and mosquitoes that have fallen onto the screen are removed." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001508 ! gravid trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T08:06:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001512 name: mosquiTRAP gravid trap def: "A non-powered gravid trap equipped with water and a synthetic attractant to capture gravid females on an adhesive card.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMosquiTRAP consists of a 1 liter black plastic cylinder filled with water, oviposition attractant and an adhesive card to capture the gravid female." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001508 ! gravid trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T08:17:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001513 name: adultrap gravid trap def: "A non-powered gravid trap with water as the sole attractant to capture gravid females inside the trap.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAdultrap was designed to capture gravid Aedes aegypti females during oviposition, using water as its principal attractant. Water remains confined in a compartment at the bottom of the trap that cannot be reached by trapped mosquitoes, avoiding egg laying. A large hole on the top is the principal entrance of attracted females, which become trapped in an interior chamber." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001508 ! gravid trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T08:46:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001514 name: collection net for eggs def: "Equipment for collection of arthropod eggs, in the form of a large or small net drawn through the water to collects aquatic eggs or egg rafts.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe fine mesh collection net typically is mounted on a frame that is attached to a handle to increase the reach." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000179 ! equipment for collection of arthropod eggs created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T08:55:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001515 name: dipper for eggs def: "Equipment for collection of arthropod eggs, in the form of a device to take a water sample that potentially contains aquatic eggs or egg rafts, or to directly collect egg rafts. \n\nCOMMENT:\nDippers are made from various utensils (for example a plastic container, soup ladle, or sieve) and can be attached to a handle to increase the reach." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000179 ! equipment for collection of arthropod eggs created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T08:56:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001516 name: soil sample egg extractor def: "Equipment for collection of arthropod eggs, in the form of a contraption used to collect eggs from a soil sample." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000179 ! equipment for collection of arthropod eggs created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T08:59:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001517 name: soil washing machine of Horsfall def: "A soil sample egg extractor in the form of a soil washing machine designed by Horsfall.\n\nCOMMENT:\nHorsfall described a method of wet sieving to remove eggs of floodwater mosquitoes from soil samples. Samples are removed from oviposition sites by a cutting square. This consists of a sharpened metal band bent into a 6 inch square fixed to a wooden square with a handle on top. It is pushed into the ground to a depth of about 1 inch and the sample cut from the soil below with a spade after which it is placed in a bag and taken to the laboratory. The sod of soil is then placed in the inner of three concentric cylindrical metal screens, having 4, 8 and 18 meshes per inch respectively. The lower halves of these cylinders are immersed in a water bath. A central shaft runs through the middle of the inner cylinder and when its handle is turned the three cylindrical sieves rotate and pass through the water bath. This treatment breaks up the soil sample in the sieves and flushes the eggs, and other comparatively small particles, through into the water bath. A bottom tap on the water bath is then opened and the contents empty into the first of three metal sieves (40, 60 and 100 mesh/inch) placed one above the other. A strong jet of water washes the eggs through the top two sieves onto the screen of the bottom sieve, from which they are washed on to a small cylindrical fine mesh transfer screen. Further separation from soil particles is achieved by flotation." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001516 ! soil sample egg extractor created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T09:05:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001518 name: soil washing machine of Salt-Hollick def: "A soil sample egg extractor in the form of a soil washing machine designed by Salt-Hollick.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe Salt-Hollick machine is available commercially as a standard piece of equipment used by soil zoologists to extract nematodes from soil samples. The machine includes 7 and 2.5 mm sieves mounted above each other, in which the sample is washed, and a settling can under the sieves to collect particles washed through the finer sieve. The sample is then tipped into a Ladell can which has a 0.2 mm phosphor bronze mesh screen at the bottom. After the water has drained through the Ladell can, it is closed up and the contents are re-suspended in a suitable solution to retrieve the desired samples (such as eggs)." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001516 ! soil sample egg extractor created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T09:08:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001519 name: aspirator def: "Equipment for collection of adult flying arthropods, in the form of a device that captures arthropods in a chamber through suction action.\n\nCOMMENT:\nFor active arthropod collection only (does not work in the absence of a human collector). A variety of manually operated and powered aspirators have been developed to collect the adult stage of a flying vector as it is resting on a surface or moving around. These aspirators range from simple oral aspirators to large powered aspirators for outdoor use (sometimes referred to as suction sweepers)." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001500 ! equipment for collection of adult flying arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:13:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001520 name: manually operated aspirator def: "Aspirator that does not require a power source to be operated.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA variety of non-powered aspirators have been developed to collect the adult stage of an air-borne vector as it is resting on a surface or moving around." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001519 ! aspirator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:15:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001521 name: bulb aspirator def: "A manually operated aspirator where the suction needed to move the arthropod into the capture chamber is generated through pressing a bulb and then releasing it.\n\nCOMMENT:\n This overcomes the potential problem with inhaling dust and dirt when using an oral aspirator." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001520 ! manually operated aspirator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T09:11:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001522 name: hand-held sweep net def: "Small, hand-held collection net for adult arthropods. \n\nCOMMENT:\nCan be successfully used to catch resting or flying adult arthropods. The net typically is mounted on a frame that is attached to a handle to increase the reach." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001568 ! collection net for adults created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T09:24:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001523 name: collecting tube def: "Equipment for collection of adult flying arthropods, in the form of a tube that is used to actively capture the arthropod.\n\nCOMMENT:\nFor active arthropod collection only (does not work in the absence of a human collector). A plastic or glass tube can be put over the resting vector and the open end can be plugged with a piece of cotton wool. If the cotton wool is pushed down to confine the vector to the end of the tube, several individuals isolated by cotton wool plugs can be collected in each tube." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001500 ! equipment for collection of adult flying arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-27T09:25:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001524 name: powered aspirator def: "Aspirator that requires a power source to be operated.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA variety of powered aspirators have been developed to collect the adult stage of an air-borne vector as it is resting on a surface or moving around. Some of these are referred to as suction sweepers." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001519 ! aspirator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:16:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001525 name: cylinder shelter with thatch def: "Cylinder-shaped shelter made from bamboo mattress and thatch for resting adult arthropods, designed by Khin Maung.\n\nCOMMENT:\nKhin Maung made a resting shelter by rolling a bamboo mattress (6 x 4 ft) into a hollow cylinder, standing it vertically and covering the top with thatch." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T03:53:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001526 name: AFS sweeper def: "Powered, backpack-carried aspirator (suction sweeper) to collect arthropods designed by Meyer.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMeyer found the aspirators of Davis-Gould and Nasci unsuitable, mainly because of their size and/or lack of power, and designed a lightweight more powerful machine termed the AFS (Arbovirus Field Station) sweeper. Basically it consists of a lightweight L-shaped metal backpack adapted to hold a plywood platform (8 x 13 inches) supporting two 6 V rechargeable gel cell batteries. These are connected in series to deliver 12 V at a minimum of 16 A, which is needed to operate the blower for about 1 h. The blower is a 12 V Dayton model (2C646) and is mounted underneath the plywood platform on the horizontal section of the backpack. Air displacement of the blower is about 2.12 cubic meters per minute, which represents improved suction over most previous battery operated aspirators. The suction tube is composed of various sections of 4 inch diameter black PVC piping (as used by plumbers and called ABS tubing), and about 4 feet of 4 inch diameter automobile defroster hose, making altogether a tube about 8 feet long. Mosquitoes are sucked into a 1 pint sized paper carton having a nylon-screened bottom which is inserted where the handle section and nozzle join. This collection carton can be rapidly removed, its lid placed on and a new carton inserted. A screen of netting is inserted over the collecting tube to prevent leaves and twigs being sucked into the collection carton." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001524 ! powered aspirator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:26:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001527 name: aspirator of Nasci def: "Powered aspirator to collect arthropods designed by Nasci. \n\nCOMMENT:\nTo address some of the disadvantages of the D-vac machine in terms of weight, noise, and cost, Nasci constructed an aspirator from locally available materials that was some seven times cheaper, and weighed less than 5 kg. It consists of sheet metal (aluminium) rolled round to form a 61 inch long and 34.3 cm diameter tube. A 12 V motor with a 25 cm fan blade is mounted on a 14 cm square piece of plywood screwed onto a 34.3 cm length of 4 x10-cm strip of wood rounded at the ends to fit into the base of the metal tube. Transparent sheet plastic is rolled and bolted to form a 61 cm and 34.3 cm diameter tube which can be inserted 10.1 cm into the metal tube. A D-vac collecting bag is folded over the other end of the plastic tube and held in position by S-shaped clips attached to large rubber bands. Two metal gate handles are fixed on the metal cylinder. Wire from the motor passes to a push button switch on the metal tube and then to two 6 V gel batteries connected in series, which will power the aspirator for at least 6 hr." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001524 ! powered aspirator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:26:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001528 name: CDC suction sweeper def: "Powered aspirator (suction sweeper) to collect arthropods designed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIn the CDC suction sweeper, suction is provided by a 3-4.5 V motor, operating from a 6-V battery. A 3-inch diameter two-blade aluminium propeller is fixed to a motor housed in a 3 1/2 inch outside diameter 4 inch length of clear cast acrylic tubing. The basal 3/8 inch of a 1 inch wide, 3 1/2 inch inner diameter ring of acrylic plastic is cemented over the opposite end of the fan housing. A pint-sized cardboard carton, 3 3/8 inches in outer diameter, with the bottom end removed and covered with no. 24 nylon mesh, is seated within the in projecting 5/8 inch rim of this plastic ring. This comprises the removable collection chamber. A collecting tube made from acrylic tubing of the same shape and size as the fan housing is fitted to the top of the cardboard carton by a similar 1 inch wide 3 1/2 inch inside diameter ring of plastic. A 15-inch length of 1inch aluminium angle is fitted along the outside of the complete collecting unit, being permanently fastened to the fan housing by a circular metal ring and to the collecting tube by elastic bands. The 3 inch length of angle that extends from the back of the fan housing is riveted to a 24 inch long handle of 1inch diameter aluminium tubing. After mosquitoes have been collected the motor is kept running while the front tube is removed and a lid is placed on the cardboard carton, which is then removed and replaced with another. \n\nThe original aim was to collect mosquitoes resting amongst vegetation by slowly moving the apparatus backwards and forwards in a sweeping motion, hence its name. The motor, however, provides insufficient suction for this and the machine is more usually used as a powered aspirator for collecting mosquitoes resting in shelters and traps." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001524 ! powered aspirator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:26:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001529 name: aspirator of Davis and Gould def: "Powered aspirator to collect arthropods designed by Davis and Gould. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThis small portable, battery-operated aspirator was developed to collect mosquitoes resting amongst vegetation. It consists of four basic parts, a collecting tube, a collecting chamber, a housing for the collecting chamber and a fan unit. The collecting tube consists of a a 36 inch length of 3 1/2 inch diameter plastic water pipe. Half-inch wire mesh can be taped over the entrance to prevent leaves and large insects being sucked up. This tube fits into a 3 1/2 inch metal sleeve fitted to the hinged lid of the aluminum collecting chamber housing, which is 8 inches in diameter and length. A 1 gallon paper ice cream carton with bottom replaced with nylon netting and with an 18 inch length of 6 inch wide surgical stockinette taped around the other end forms the collecting cage and is inserted into the aluminium housing. The free end of the stockinette is slipped over the section of the collecting tube that extends about 4 inches through the metal sleeve in the lid of the metal housing. Suction is provided by a `squirrel cage' fan blower from a Volkswagen car heater unit. The blower fan operates from a 6 V motor cycle battery which can be attached to a belt worn by the operator." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001524 ! powered aspirator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:26:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001530 name: suction sweeper of Dietrick (D-vac) def: "Powered aspirator (suction sweeper) to collect arthropods designed by Dietrick.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe portable and commercially available mechanical suction of Dietrick (D-vac) has a large diameter suction hose. It operates from a single-cylinder, air-cooled, two-cycle petrol engine. By altering the engine throttle, air displacement can be varied from about 500 to 1500 square feet per minute. Total weight is about 27 lb. A flexible wire ribbed canvas air ducting is connected to the fan intake. The other end is joined by a tapering plastic-coated nylon ducting to a fibre glass collecting head. A fine 18-in long tapered organdie bag, into which the insects are sucked, is positioned within the fibre glass collecting head." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001524 ! powered aspirator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:26:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001531 name: Perdew and Meek aspirator def: "Powered aspirator to collect arthropods designed by Perdew and Meek. \n\nCOMMENT:\nPerdew and Meek argued that their aspirator, made by modifying a commercial cordless broom blower, provides greater suction and requires less modification than many previous battery powered aspirators. The basic equipment is a blower-type broom that consists of a plastic body incorporating a fan and a motor, and in its handle rechargeable cadmium batteries, and an extension tube tapered and curved distally. To convert the broom into an aspirator the wires to the motor are reversed and the tapered end of the extension tube cut off. Two rigid plastic tapered beakers (474 ml) having a minimum 9 cm inner diameter at the top are required. To make an elongated version of the aspirator a selected length of the bottom of the plastic cup is cut off to leave a 6.9 cm opening that can be glued to the inside of the extension tube. A 473-ml paper cup has a 6.4 cm diameter hole cut from both its lid and its bottom, and both holes covered with screening of suitably sized mesh. This forms the collection carton, and without its lid, is pushed tightly into the plastic cup stuck in the end of the extension tube. This extended version of the aspirator is 118 cm long. A shorter (65 cm) version can be made by cutting the bottom from a similar plastic cup to leave a 7.4 cm diameter opening. After two opposing rectangles are cut out the cup is fitted over the end of the main body of the cordless broom and secured with four screws. The paper cup (collection carton) is fitted into the end of the plastic cup, the extension tube is not used. After using either the extended or short aspirator the screened lid is pushed on the paper cup, which is then removed and replaced with another. The aspirator can operate efficiently for about 45 min, with a minimum air flow of 21 cubic meters per minute." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001524 ! powered aspirator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:26:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001532 name: trap containing non-human animal bait def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, in which a non-human animal bait is used as the primary attractant." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001639 ! animal-baited trap for host-seeking adult arthropods creation_date: 2010-05-29T08:20:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001533 name: suction sweeper of de Freitas def: "Powered aspirator (suction sweeper) to collect arthropods designed by de Freitas.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe mechanical suction sweeper of de Freitas is composed of three main parts: plastic tubing carrying on its lower side a side port made of the same material; a nylon netting sleeve and a collecting chamber made from mesh wire screening. A small motor, such as used in CDC light-traps, having an eight-bladed propeller mounted at the rear is positioned within the upper section of the plastic tubing. The tube's opening is covered with mesh wire to prevent mosquitoes entering. These are collected through the lower side port which is covered with 2 X 2 screening to prevent leaves and other debris being sucked in. The complete machine is suspended underneath a wooden handle. The motor is wired through an on/off switch to a 3-V power supply consisting of torch batteries or a rechargeable wet cell battery attached to the belt of the operator." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001524 ! powered aspirator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:26:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001534 name: suction sweeper of Garcia def: "Powered aspirator (suction sweeper) to collect arthropods designed by Garcia.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA long torch provides both a convenient handle and housing for five 1.5 V dry cell batteries which are needed to power a small fan placed at the rear of a metal cylinder mounted on brackets beneath the torch. A small conical section forms the intake and is a sliding fit over the cylindrical chamber. A detachable fine muslin collecting bag is tied on to an inner metal tube projecting from the conical section. A metal cap covered with fine mesh is placed over the end of the intake to prevent mosquitoes escaping when the collecting bag is withdrawn from the cylinder. Mosquitoes are sucked into the collecting bag which is tied across with string and removed." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001524 ! powered aspirator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:26:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001535 name: suction sweeper of Kay def: "Powered aspirator (suction sweeper) to collect arthropods designed by Kay\n\nCOMMENT:\nKay made an aspirator from a 1 m length of 10 cm diameter PVC drain pipe. A 12 V motor drawing 37 W and a fan are powered by a 9 Amphr motorcycle battery carried in a bag on the hip. The velocity of air through the intake is 5 m/s and mosquitoes are collected in terylene bags inserted into the intake of the PVC tubing. These bags can be secured with rubber bands. This aspirator is similar to that of Davis and Gould but is simpler in that the enlarged holding cage is omitted." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001524 ! powered aspirator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:26:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001536 name: trap containing human bait def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, in which a human is used as the primary attractant." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001639 ! animal-baited trap for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T08:22:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001537 name: whole building curtain trap def: "Non-powered trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Elliott, which encloses a whole building and captures arthropods that attempt to exit the building.\n\nCOMMENT:\nBecause many houses have walls made of loose-fitting bamboo or matting, the collection of vectors in exit traps fitted to windows or doors, or even by veranda traps, is inefficient. To overcome these problems Elliott devised a technique by which a house was completely encircled from the lower edge of the roof to the ground with a nylon mosquito netting curtain. The curtain was raised for the first 30 min of each hour to allow ingress of vectors and then vectors resting on the inside and outside surfaces of the netting collected." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001545 ! unpowered entry/exit trap fitted to a building created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T08:25:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001538 name: panel indoor resting box of Edman def: "Black panel indoor shelter for resting adult arthropods designed by Edman.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis resting box consists of two 90 cm x 30 cm flat cardboard panels arranged in a cross design. All surfaces are covered with black muslin cloth." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001560 ! indoor resting box of Edman created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T09:43:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001539 name: drop net cage for animal or human bait def: "Collection net with a descending mode of action to capture adult arthropods attracted to animal or human bait.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe drop net cage commonly takes the form of a cylindrical or bell-shaped tube of cloth weighted along the bottom edge with a metal hoop and rolled up and suspended just above the head of the collector. A cord causes the net to descend rapidly to enclose the bait and the vector." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001568 ! collection net for adults created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T08:25:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001540 name: CDC backpack aspirator def: "Powered, backpack-carried aspirator to collect arthropods designed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\n\nCOMMENT:\nClark modified the AFS sweeper as follows to achieve the CDC backpack aspirator (which is available commercially): the shelf for the 6 V batteries was removed; a 3/8 inch thick piece of plywood, with a hole for the exhaust, was attached to the base of the frame; the blower position was changed to the operator's right side; the net-covered collecting carton was placed at the end of the collecting tube, rather than the middle; the blower was rotated 90 degrees so that the exhaust was directed downwards; the 6-V batteries were replaced with a single 12-V motorcycle battery; a wire mesh battery compartment was added." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001524 ! powered aspirator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:31:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001541 name: tall indoor resting box of Edman def: "Tall indoor box-shaped black shelter for resting adult arthropods designed by Edman.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis resting box consists of a medium-weight brown cardboard box 90 cm tall x 30 cm wide x 30 cm deep, from which a 50 cm x 30 cm section is cut from the center of one of the long sides. All surfaces are covered with black muslin cloth." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001560 ! indoor resting box of Edman created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T09:43:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001542 name: earth-lined box shelter def: "Box-shaped and earth-lined shelter for resting adult arthropods designed by Russell and Santiago.\n\nCOMMENT:\nRussell and Santiago made a resting box shelter consisting of a 3 ft long and 2 ft square, or larger, wooden framework with a 1 inch thick layer of soil held in place against the inside walls and roof by 16-mesh/inch screening. There is no bottom to the trap, which is placed directly on the ground. A black cloth hangs down over the entrance to within about 1/2 ft of the ground. Drip cans full of water keep the earth lining the box moist." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001543 name: fiber pot resting box def: "Pot-shaped shelter made from wood fiber for resting adult arthropods, designed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCommercially available, nestable, fiber plant-pots were used by Komar to sample resting mosquito vectors. The pots used were constructed from recycled wood pulp, formed into hollow, truncated pyramids, 28 cm high, with a 28 x 28 cm square open end, tapering to a 15 x 15 cm closed end." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001544 name: keg shelter def: "Shelter for resting adult arthropods made from a wooden keg.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis shelter consists of an ordinary, untreated wooden barrel-shaped nail keg with the lid removed, placed on its side on the ground in a deeply shaded area, especially near the edge of larval habitats. Its entrance should be protected from wind and the sun by siting the keg at the base of a tree, alongside or under a log, under bushes or amongst scrub vegetation." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001545 name: unpowered entry/exit trap fitted to a building def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, which functions without an animal bait, does not include a power source, is fitted to a building, and captures arthropods as they attempt to enter and/or exit the building.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA variety of entry or exit traps fitted to a building, most commonly in a window opening, or enclosing a part of or even the entire building have been developed to catch vectors as they are entering and exiting in search of a blood meal host. Some of these traps can be used either as entry or exit traps depending on how they are installed. However, much smaller numbers usually are caught in entry, as compared to exit, traps clearly showing that they are not very efficient in sampling mosquitoes entering buildings." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001641 ! unpowered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T08:25:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001546 name: plastic bag shelter def: "Shelter for resting adult arthropods made from a black plastic trash bag.\n\nCOMMENT:\nService made a resting shelter by placing a black trash bag over a 1 ft cube wire frame, leaving the bag partially open to form an entrance. Cotton wool soaked in water was placed in the bag to increase humidity." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001547 name: plastic tent shelter def: "Shelter for resting adult arthropods in the form of a plastic tent.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPlastic tents made from tough white transparent plastic sheeting and pulled over a 1.5-m high metal or wooden frame have been used to facilitate collection of resting vectors. An area of 3 x 3 m is enclosed by the plastic tent. The interior becomes very humid and hot, and this results in mosquitoes flying out from their resting places within the tent and settling on the tent walls or roof where they can be collected." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001548 name: privy type shelter def: "Shelter for resting adult arthropods in the form of a wooden privy.\n\nCOMMENT:\nSchoof constructed 6 ft high wooden structures with 3 square ft bases and overhanging wooden roofs, which he placed in cool dark places near larval habitats and termed anopheline houses. Snow modified this as a wooden framework 6.5 ft high with a 4 square ft base and with the roof and four sides covered with weatherproof cellulose board (Celotex). The inner surfaces are lined with a moisture proof backing of black asphalt-like material. Each side is composed of four panels, any of which can be removed to either leave an open space or provide an opening for a Bates type ingress baffle." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001549 name: red box shelter def: "Shelter for resting adult arthropods in the form of a wooden box which is painted black on the outside and red on the inside.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe original red box shelter, developed by Goodwin, is a wooden box open at one end and measuring 1 cubic feet, and 2 feet deep. It is painted dull black on the outside and red on the inside." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001550 name: red cloth shelter def: "Box-shaped shelter for resting adult arthropods made from red cloth and designed by Breeland and Glasgow.\n\nCOMMENT:\nBreeland and Glasgow devised a cheaper, lighter and more portable version of the red box shelter. A 52 inch length of red broadcloth which is 36 inches wide is folded down the middle and stitched across at each end, so that when the material is cut between the middle seams two sacks are formed. Each sack is stapled to a 1 square foot unpainted wooden frame, which is nailed to a tree. The sack is held out horizontally by tying the ends with string to a convenient tree or stake." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001551 name: resting box of Charlwood def: "Shelter in the form of a wooden box covered with black plastic for resting adult arthropods, designed by Charlwood.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis resting box consists of a 2-m long, 1-m wide, 1.5-m high wooden frame covered with black plastic with an exit trap fitted on one side and another on top." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001552 name: resting box of Edman def: "Shelter for resting adult arthropods in the form of a plywood box which is painted gray on the outside and black on the inside and contains a red textile collecting bag, and was designed by Edman.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis resting box consists of a plywood box 30 inches long, 18 inches wide and 12 inches high, painted matt grey on the outside and matt black inside. A red cotton collecting bag slightly smaller in width and height than the box but 8 inches longer was put in the box and held in position by placing elastic loops sewn at the bottom four corners over hooks screwed into the bottom of the box. The open end of the cloth bag which projected from the box was folded back over its opening, and secured by elastic tape threaded through its end seam. A plywood concave frame, painted matt grey outside and matt black inside, with a 28 x 52 inch opening tapering to a 10 x 16 base is placed just inside the opening of the box. Mosquitoes are collected from the box by first carefully withdrawing the concave frame and then pulling the turned over end section of the collecting bag from the box and closing it." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001553 name: resting box of Kay def: "Shelter made from a cardboard carton for resting adult arthropods, designed by Kay.\n\nCOMMENT:\nKay used brown cardboard cartons (33 x 27 x 25 cm) which had the top flaps folded and tapered to form an ingress aperture as outdoor resting boxes. The boxes were stacked in groups of 10 to 25 on top of each other. In the dry season wet cheese cloth was sometimes introduced into the boxes, while during the wet season they were sheltered against rain." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001554 name: trap hut containing human bait def: "Trap in the form of a hut in which a human is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001536 ! trap containing human bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T08:25:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001555 name: resting box of Weathersbee def: "Shelter made from a plastic refuse container for resting adult arthropods, designed by Weathersbee.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA portable resting unit that consists of a 113.5 liter plastic refuse container (72.3 x 41.9 x 80.6 cm) placed on its side on the ground to the front entrance of which is attached a tent-like 3 ft extension made from a sheet of black plastic (3 x 5 ft). The narrower end is fixed with waterproof insulating tape to the refuse box, while cord threaded through holes along the narrower end is fixed with waterproof insulating tape to the refuse box, while cord threaded through holes along the ridge of the plastic tent and its two sloping ends were attached to a center dowel. Two large nails passed through loops in the cord from the sloping ends and secured the canopy to the ground." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001556 name: tent trap containing human bait def: "Trap in the form of a tent in which a human is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nDifferent types of tents baited with humans have been used to collect host-seeking vectors. The orange tent method of Trpis consists of one or more people sitting in an orange colored canvas gable-type tent (about 2 m x 2 m x 2 m) which has one end wide open. All mosquitoes entering the tent are captured." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001536 ! trap containing human bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T08:25:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001557 name: walk in red box shelter def: "Walk-in sized box shelter for resting adult arthropods which is painted red both on the outside and inside.\n\nCOMMENT:\nNelson and Spadoni developed a large (6 ft tall, 4 ft wide, 6 ft deep) box painted red inside and out and called a walk-in red box. This was later modified by Meyer to have a curtain that can be pulled across the entrance when a person enters to aspirate the catch. The walk-in red box generally traps more mosquitoes than the smaller red box shelter." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001558 name: pipe trap shelter def: "Pipe-shaped shelter for resting adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nNelson developed an artificial rodent burrow termed the pipe trap for collecting resting mosquito vectors. The device consists of three parts, a pipe, a plunger and a collecting carton. The pipe consists of a 91 cm length of 18.5 cm outside diameter asbestos-cement sewer pipe, both ends of which taper to 16.2 cm in diameter. The pipe absorbs moisture. The plunger is a 91 cm length of 4.76 mm steel rod having a 14 cm wooden disc fixed at the end, to which is glued a piece of 16.5 cm diameter foam rubber. The collecting component consists of a 16.5 cm long, 3.8 litre cardboard carton. The bottom is removed and a 30.5 cm length of tubular stockinette is taped over the outside of the carton. The other end (top) is removed or modified so that the sleeve section of a CDC collecting bag is fitted over the end. Alternatively a sleeve of stockinette or mosquito netting is fixed over the top end of the carton. A hole is dug in the ground and the pipe inserted at an angle of 20-25 degrees from the horizontal so that about 7.5 cm projects from the hole. The piston-like plunger is pushed down to the bottom of the pipe. The following day any mosquitoes that have rested in the pipe are removed, by firstly fitting the stockinette sleeve on the bottom of the carton over the end of the pipe. The collector then reaches through the top sleeve and slowly pulls up the plunger, while squeezing the top sleeve to prevent mosquitoes escaping. When the foam rubber disc is flush with the end of the pipe the stockinette tube is eased off the pipe and pinched off across the face of the disc. The carton is then slipped off from the rod and both ends tied. The trap is then reset by pushing the plunger down to the bottom of the pipe." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001559 name: Muirhead-Thomson window trap def: "Non-powered trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Muirhead-Thomson, which is fitted to a window of a building and captures arthropods as they attempt to or exit the window.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe original Muirhead-Thomson exit trap consists of cage made from a 1 ft cube framework of wire covered with white mosquito netting. One side is inverted to form an entrance funnel narrowing to about a 1/4 inch diameter opening. The funnel was supported within the cage by string tied from its narrow end to the four corners of the trap. One or two small cloth sleeves incorporated in the sides of the cage enabled aspirators to be inserted to remove the catch. The trap is usually placed in the middle of a piece of black cloth which is secured over a window. A large proportion of the vectors which seek to leave the building at dawn are attracted by light entering the window, and are consequently caught in window traps as they try to escape." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001545 ! unpowered entry/exit trap fitted to a building created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T09:13:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001560 name: indoor resting box of Edman def: "Indoor black shelter for resting adult arthropods designed by Edman.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThree designs of an indoor resting box for Aedes aegypti were developed. This included a panel design and tall and short box designs." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001561 name: drop net cage for vegetation def: "Collection net with a descending mode of action to capture adult arthropods from vegetation.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIn one variation of a drop net cage, four vertical poles are driven into the ground, taking care not to disturb the vegetation between them, and a net (or tent) is then suspended from the poles. The sides are then quickly pulled down and vectors collected from within the resulting \"net cage\". Other variations include netting attached to light wooden frames that are put over vegetation; vectors are agitated by smoke etc and then aspirated from the netting." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001568 ! collection net for adults created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:40:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001562 name: battery-operated hand-carried aspirator def: "Small hand-carried powered aspirator to collect arthropods. \n\nCOMMENT:\nVarious small hand-carried and battery-operated aspirators have been developed, including ones modified from various hand-held vacuum cleaners." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001524 ! powered aspirator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:48:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001563 name: killing collecting tube def: "Collecting tube with killing action.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA collecting tube can be made into a killing collecting tube by placing cut-up pieces of rubber bands or bicycle inner tube in the bottom and flooding them with chloroform. After allowing the fluid to be soaked up and pouring the excess away, a layer of absorbent cotton wool is inserted, which is then covered with 1-2 layers of white blotting or filter paper." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001523 ! collecting tube created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:49:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001564 name: oral aspirator def: "A manually operated aspirator where the suction needed to move the arthropod into the capture chamber is generated through inhalation.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe simplest and most widely used type of oral aspirator (also referred to as mouth aspirators or pooters) is made from a 30-45 cm length of 8-12 mm internal diameter plastic or glass tubing. A piece of mosquito netting is taped either directly over one end, or over a short piece of smaller diameter tubing, which is inserted into the end of the larger tubing. A 50 cm length of rubber or pliable plastic tubing is slipped over the end of the glass tubing, and a small section of plastic or glass tubing is inserted into the opposite end to form a mouth piece. Several mosquitoes can be sucked up into the aspirator before they are gently blown into a suitable storage container. \n\nAspirators with reservoirs can be used to reduce the likelihood of mosquitoes escaping and to enable larger numbers to be collected before the aspirators need emptying. In these aspirators the collecting tube has to be removed before the adults can be extracted." [Add:Silver, ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001520 ! manually operated aspirator created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T08:49:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001565 name: net trap containing human bait def: "Trap made from netting in which a human is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nA basic net trap with human bait can consist of a large net 10 ft long and both 7 ft wide and high with a 3-ft wide flap on each longer side which is rolled up to leave two entrances. A person enters the net around sunset and sleeps enclosed within a smaller protective net. Attracted vectors are then collected from within the net in the morning after the flaps are closed. The original design has undergone various modifications to suit specific purposes, especially with regards to the entrances by which mosquitoes enter the trap. Very often a single door like opening is used and sometimes one or more sides of the net are partly rolled up and pinned or tucked into place, or a horizontal slit made. Alternatively, the entire net can be raised a few inches from the ground to give access to hungry vectors." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001536 ! trap containing human bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T08:25:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001566 name: net trap containing large non-human animal bait def: "Trap made from netting in which a large non-human animal is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nNet traps have been widely used to collect vectors attracted to a variety of large animals including goats, sheep, cattle, horses etc. The simplest arrangement consists of positioning an ordinary single or double-sized mosquito net (or a larger piece of netting if needed for a larger animal) over a host and raising it a few cm from the ground to allow entry of host-seeking vectors. The animal typically is tethered to a pole or contained in a cage so as to not disturb the net." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001594 ! trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T08:45:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001567 name: short indoor resting box of Edman def: "Short indoor box-shaped black shelter for resting adult arthropods designed by Edman.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis resting box consists of a brown cardboard box measuring 45 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm. All surfaces are covered with black muslin cloth." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001560 ! indoor resting box of Edman created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T09:43:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001568 name: collection net for adults def: "Equipment for collection of adult flying arthropods, in the form of a net that can be used to collect adult flying arthropods as they are resting or moving.\n\nCOMMENT:\nFor active arthropod collection only (does not work in the absence of a human collector)." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001500 ! equipment for collection of adult flying arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T10:07:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001569 name: net trap containing human bait and mechanical powered trap def: "Trap made from netting in which a human is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods and a mechanical trapping device is used to minimize vector escape." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001565 ! net trap containing human bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T08:53:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001570 name: indoor resting box of Yasuno def: "Indoor box-shaped black shelter made from plywood for resting adult arthropods, designed by Yasuno.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis resting box consists of a plywood box (50 x 30 x 28 cm) having one-half of the lid hinged and left partially open. The box is lined with black cloth and contains a sponge saturated with water to increase humidity." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001355 ! trap or shelter for resting adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-28T09:54:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001571 name: net trap of McCreadie def: "Trap made from netting, designed by McCreadie, in which one head of cattle is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nFor animals such as cattle McCreadie developed a larger tent-like trap, in which the animal is placed in a wooden pen surrounded on the ground by a rectangular frame (2.4 x 3.0 m) of 4.3 cm diameter galvanized steel piping. Three hoops, each consisting of two straight and one curved section, of 2.1 cm diameter piping are fixed to this framework to form a 2.1 m high arc over the enclosed bait. A fine plastic netting tent is made to have a 30 cm canvas lower border and three 8 cm wide canvas strips sewn into the netting to lie directly underneath each metal hoop. Brass eyes and 5 cm diameter metal rings are sewn into these strips so that the net-tent is fixed to a series of rings which surround the three hoops arising from the basal metal frame. In operation the tent is collapsed on the ground along one side of the bait animal, then after a 10 min exposure period two collectors walk to the trap and rapidly pull the tent up and over the three metal hoops to enclose the animal and mosquitoes attacking it. A zipper sewn into one end of the tent allows a collector to enter and remove the catch with aspirators." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001566 ! net trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T08:17:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001572 name: Mbita trap def: "Pyramid-shaped trap, designated the Mbita trap, made from netting in which a human is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe Mbita trap consists of a pyramidal net 200 cm long by 111 cm wide and approximately 200 cm high at the apex made from white cotton cloth. At the apex of the net, a funnel 30 cm tall, with a 60 cm diameter upper opening narrowing to a 5 cm diameter lower opening and manufactured from 156 mesh polyester netting is affixed. 70 cm below the upper end of the funnel a horizontal panel of polyester netting is fitted to the inside of the net, creating a barrier between the human sleeping in the net and the vectors entering through the funnel. The horizontal netting panel has a hole in the center, to which a collecting bag is attached." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001565 ! net trap containing human bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T09:01:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001573 name: WHO rectangular prism-shaped trap def: "Non-powered trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by the WHO, which is fitted to a window of a building (or a hole made in the wall) and captures arthropods as they attempt to or exit the window (or hole).\n\nCOMMENT:\nAs a modification of the Muirhead-Thomson exit trap, WHO recommended a rectangular prism-shaped trap about 1-2 m long, 35 cm deep and 40-50 cm high, with a long horizontal slit. One or more such traps can be inserted into the wall(s) of a building." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001545 ! unpowered entry/exit trap fitted to a building created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T09:23:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001574 name: Rachou window trap def: "Non-powered trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Rachou, which is fitted to a window of a building and captures arthropods as they attempt to or exit the window.\n\nCOMMENT:\nRachou considered that any kind of restrictive entrance to an exit trap, whether a slit-like baffle or lobster-type funnel, probably hindered the entry of mosquitoes. Consequently, an exit cage without any kind of one-way entrance was used. At short intervals a partition was slid across the window cage to enclose the catch and enable the cage to be removed and another inserted. It was thought that if the cage was frequently changed very few mosquitoes would escape by flying back into the hut. Although such an exit trap providing unimpeded entry may catch more mosquitoes than one with a restrictive entrance, the necessity of regularly replacing the cages and removing the catch involves considerable manpower." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001545 ! unpowered entry/exit trap fitted to a building created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T09:31:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001575 name: collapsible window trap of Shidrawi def: "Non-powered collapsible trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Shidrawi, which is fitted to a window of a building and captures arthropods as they attempt to enter and/or exit the window.\n\nCOMMENT:\nBecause of their bulkiness window traps are difficult to transport in large numbers to the field. To try to overcome these difficulties Shidrawi described a collapsible window trap. This consists of two lengths of 3 mm thick wire rods bent and soldered to form two rectangular frames (55 x 40 cm). These are joined together at the corners by four lengths (Nos. 1-4) of 40 cm wire which are fixed into bushes welded or screwed on to the rectangular frames. Four similar rods (Nos. 5-8) are fixed between the framework 15 cm from the top to divide the trap into a small upper (40 x 15 cm) and a large lower (40 x 40 cm) section. The floor of the upper section is divided about 24 cm from its front by two horizontal rods having about a 2 cm gap between them. A mosquito netting and cloth cage made to fit the shape of the trap is suspended within the frame-work by tapes. A ramp of mosquito netting is made to stretch from the bottom edge of the cage to the posterior wire rod. A rectangular piece of dark cloth covers the floor of the upper section from the front to the first rod. Mosquitoes entering the lower half of the trap are guided up the ramp through the narrow slit between the two rods into the upper section and lower section behind the ramp. Triangular pieces of dark cloth are used for the sides of the entrance." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001545 ! unpowered entry/exit trap fitted to a building created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T09:33:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001576 name: veranda trap def: "Non-powered trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Smith, which encloses a veranda and captures arthropods that enter the veranda area.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlthough window traps are very useful in catching mosquitoes which are attracted by light entering windows at dawn, they trap only a relatively small proportion of such mosquitoes, and moreover not all species are attracted by early morning sunlight or enter through the window. To overcome this problem, Smith developed a veranda trap. This is made by extending the thatch roof beyond the four walls of a square or rectangular building to form a roof over a veranda, which is enclosed on two sides by mesh screening. Mosquitoes enter the hut through the eaves of the two walls having unscreened verandas." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001545 ! unpowered entry/exit trap fitted to a building created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T09:38:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001577 name: net trap of Wright and DeFoliart def: "Trap made from netting, designed by Wright and DeFoliart, in which a large animal is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nWright and DeFoliart used a modified Gatertype bed-net made of saran cloth which is supported at each corner by wooden stakes and measures 6 ft in length, width and height. A heavy duty nylon zipper is sewn into one side and after the large animal bait is introduced this is opened to about three-quarters of the distance to the top, and the flaps tied back to leave an opening about one-third of the total area of one side." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001566 ! net trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T10:08:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001578 name: net trap of Shannon def: "Trap made from netting, designed by Shannon, in which a large animal is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe net trap of Shannon consists of a large central compartment, which in the original design was 130 cm wide, 200 cm high and 300 cm long, and two identical smaller lateral compartments, each 60 cm wide, 300 cm long but only 135 cm deep, thus leaving a 65 cm gap along the bottom. The tops and ends of all compartments were made of strong white muslin cloth, while the lateral panels of the central and two outer compartments were of mosquito netting. In addition, a small window of mosquito netting, 130 cm wide and 50 cm high, was inserted into one of the end panels about 25 cm from the top. A bait animal, usually confined to a pen or cage, is placed in the middle compartment, the lower edges of which are secured to the ground to prevent mosquitoes from entering it. Mosquitoes are collected from the two outer compartments. Shannon-type nets made completely of cotton sheeting and with shorter side compartments are often used." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001566 ! net trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T10:08:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001579 name: net trap of Mpofu and Masendu def: "Trap made from netting, designed by Mpofu and Masendu, in which an ox is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMpofu and Masendu developed an ox-baited trap that is essentially a modified mosquito net. It consists of a framework of light metal tubing to form a tent-like structure that is covered with either mosquito netting or a khaki lightweight canvas. For extra stability guy ropes can be fitted to the four corners of the trap. One of the smaller ends has a vertical slit in the netting, or canvas, to allow the bait and collectors to enter. A gap (measurements not given, but probably about 25 cm) is left between the bottom of the net or canvas and the ground for entry of host-seeking vectors." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001566 ! net trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T10:08:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001580 name: stable trap containing large non-human animal bait def: "Trap in the form of a stable in which a large non-human animal is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nStable traps were introduced later than net traps, and have mainly been used in the Americas. They were originally used to catch mosquitoes attracted to equines and bovids, but have since been baited with man, a wide variety of mammals, birds and even cold-blooded vertebrates. They are heavier and more permanent structures than net traps but lightweight models can be made, which are readily dismantled and easily transported." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001594 ! trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T10:18:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001581 name: stable trap of Bates def: "Trap in the form of a stable, designed by Bates, in which a large animal is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe stable trap of Bates (also called the Egyptian trap) differs from the stable trap of Magoon primarlily in the design of the entrance slit. Unlike the original Magoon trap entrance slits were incorporated only in the two longer sides and not in the ends. The standard size measures 2 m long, 1 m wide and 1.75 m high; placed on a concrete base. A transparent roof is placed on the trap but this has not generally been used by later workers. The upper part of the entrance baffle consists of a 20 cm wide length of wood set at right angles to the side of the trap. The lower section of the baffle is 44 cm wide and is positioned 38 cm below and slopes upwards to leave a vertical 2 cm opening between the upper and lower lengths of wood." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001580 ! stable trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T10:28:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001582 name: net trap of Fletcher def: "Trap made from netting, designed by Fletcher, in which a horse is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nFletcher preferred to collect biting insects from a horse-baited trap, which used the same principles as the one designed by McCreadie. Namely, the bait (horse) is restricted in a wooden stanchion surrounded by a wooden frame (4 x 10 ft and 7.5 ft high). The upper and lower parts of the frame are covered with 40 mesh plastic screening, except that the upper 30 cm is covered with clear polythene sheeting and contains on each long side three collecting holes (6 x 8 inches) with lengths of stockinette. The edges of the two long sides of the trap (left and right) are sealed with plastic foam weather stripping and when erected over the horse are held in position by elastic straps. Each side of the trap is hinged to a base frame of wooden boards (2 x 8 inches and 6 ft long) thus allowing the two sides to be opened to expose the horse and when required raised and closed. The roof slopes down towards the middle to form a V-shape, this causes the entrapped mosquitoes to gather along the upper edges of the trap and facilitates their removal, when aspirators are inserted through the entrance ports. For ease of construction the trap is made in sections. The upper part is divided into two sections while the lower part comprises four L-shaped sections. The horse is exposed to biting flies for about 15 min and is then enclosed within the trap, and after allowing 30 min for entrapped vectors to feed they are collected. Although most biting flies fly to the top of the trap and are readily collected, blood-engorged mosquitoes tend to rest on the sides so additional collection holes should be made along the middle of the trap and at the two ends." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001566 ! net trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T08:21:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001583 name: stable trap of Magoon def: "Trap in the form of a stable, designed by Magoon, in which a large animal is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe stable trap of Magoon has a base measuring about 3.5 x 6.5 ft, with one of the two longer upright sides about 7 ft high joined by a sloping and waterproof roof to the opposite vertical side which is about 5.5 ft high. When animals such as donkeys and calves are used there is no need for a floor, but unless animals such as pigs and rodents are enclosed within a cage, a floor may be necessary to prevent them from burrowing and escaping. A door is fitted at one end of the trap, and another may be fitted at the opposite end so that larger animals can be removed without turning them round. Apart from the roof as much as possible of the trap should be made of plastic or wire mesh mosquito gauze to allow bait odors to escape, but the lower half usually has to be made of stout plywood or sheet metal on a wooden frame, to prevent the animals from kicking it to pieces. Mosquitoes enter the trap through a horizontal entrance slit placed about halfway up the trap. This entrance slit may extend completely round the trap, or be confined to the two longer sides. The construction of the slit is the most critical part in building the trap. It is usually made from 4 inch wooden planks placed to form a V-shaped trough with a 6-8 inches wide opening to the outside converging to leave a 3/4 to 1 inch slit-like opening in the trap. The walls of the trap above the entrance baffle are made of mosquito gauze and those below of wood. It is often convenient to make the trap demountable with the various sections fixed into position with bolts and wing nuts, enabling it to be readily transported to different sites. Strips of plastic foam stuck along the edges of the different sections eliminate gaps through which the vectors might escape." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001580 ! stable trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T10:28:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001584 name: stable trap of Roberts def: "Trap in the form of a stable, designed by Roberts, in which a large animal is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nRoberts designed a modified Magoon-type trap which had better air circulation thus enabling bait odors to disseminate more efficiently from the trap. Another feature of the trap was that mosquitoes could enter it at several heights. The trap consists of a wooden framework, 7 ft long, 5 ft wide, 6 ft high, with a flat roof and a door at one end. The bait animal is confined in a stanchion to keep it in the center and prevent it from damaging the trap. About the top 1 ft of all sides and door are covered with polythene sheeting, while the rest of the door and sections in between the baffles are covered with fine copper wire mesh screen. The Magoon-type horizontal baffles are built into the two long sides of the trap at ground level and at heights of 2 and 4.5 ft. There are no baffle entrances in the end sections." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001580 ! stable trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T10:28:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001585 name: stable trap of Russell def: "Trap in the form of a stable, designed by Russell, in which a calf is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe stable trap of Russell (or Russell's calf-baited hut) consists of a small hut, 7 ft high, 6 ft long and 5 ft wide, built from a framework of Casuarina scantlings covered with palm matting. A thatched sloping roof reached to the ground on both long sides, and both ends were also covered with thatch. A doorway (2.5 x 1.5 ft) was left at one end for the entry of vectors and a bamboo gate was fixed across this entrance to prevent predators from entering. Two strips of dark cloth were suspended from the roof to provide additional resting places for mosquitoes, which were collected by aspirators after a canvas curtain had been pulled across the doorway. Hut dimensions were 3 m x 3 m x 3 m and were constructed from coconut thatch. A gap of 6cm was left at the bottom of the walls to allow mosquitoes to enter." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001580 ! stable trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T10:28:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001586 name: stable trap of Shannon def: "Trap in the form of a stable, designed by Shannon, in which a large animal is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlthough referred to as a stable trap it is really a hybrid between a stable trap and an experimental hut containing a window-type exit trap. It consists of two parts, a wooden stable and a dawn trap. The stable has specially constructed light proof overhanging eaves which leave a 6 inch gap on three sides of the stable, through which mosquitoes can enter to feed on the bait animal. A close fitting door is provided to the stable which is dark inside, and may be painted black. The wooden dawn trap which measures about 3.5 x 3.5 ft and 5 ft high is painted white inside except for the rear wall which is made of mosquito screening. It is fitted to the wall of the stable that faces the rising sun. Mosquitoes that have entered the stable at night to feed on the bait are attracted to the light coming from the dawn trap. They consequently fly though the 30 inch wide opening of a screen mesh baffle fitted into the rear wall of the stable and pass through a 1 1/2 inch wide longitudinal slit into the dawn trap." [ISBN:9781402066658] synonym: "dawn trap" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0001580 ! stable trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T10:28:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001587 name: stable trap of Wright and DeFoliart def: "Trap in the form of a stable, designed by Wright and DeFoliart, in which a small animal is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nWright and DeFoliart constructed two sizes of small Magoon-type traps which were baited with squirrels, rodents, reptiles and amphibians. The smaller size trap consisted of an 18 x 20 x 20 inch wooden framework with the top and bottom made of 3/8 inch plywood, and all four sides, but excluding the door (11 x 11 1/2 inches), covered with 52 inch mesh natural color saran screening. A 4 inch wide V-shaped plywood baffle leaving a 3/4 inch entrance slit was placed 4 inches from the top of the trap and extended the entire length of all four sides. The larger type of trap was similar in design except that it was 27 inches long, and the door measured 12 x 13 inches." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001595 ! trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-29T10:28:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001588 name: net trap of Shemanchuk def: "Trap made from netting, designed by Shemanchuk, in which one head of cattle is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIn this trap the bait animal (100-450 kg steer or heifer) is closely confined in a metal stanchion bolted to a plywood white-painted floor and surrounded by a wooden framework (170 x 245 cm and 180 cm tall). Nylon screening is permanently fixed to the roof but fixed to the sides with Velcro, so that it could be folded back onto the roof to fully expose the bait but quickly pulled down to enclose the animal and flies biting it." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001566 ! net trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T08:25:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001589 name: portable net trap containing large non-human animal bait def: "Readily movable trap made from netting, in which a large non-human animal is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001566 ! net trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T08:27:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001590 name: portable net trap of Mitchell def: "Readily movable trap made from netting, designed by Mitchell, in which a large non-human animal is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe portable net trap of Mitchell is quite large (360 x 360 cm, 210 cm tall) and comprises stitched panels of nylon tulle suspended by ropes tied to the four corners and to trees or some other suitable supports. The bait animal is introduced through a 1-m wide door flap made in the middle of one side, and then secured to a stake. The ropes are pulled to raise the trap 30-46 cm from the ground. The following morning the trap is lowered to touch the ground and the bait removed, after which vectors are collected." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001589 ! portable net trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T08:29:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001591 name: portable net trap of Wilton def: "Readily movable trap made from netting, designed by Wilton, in which a large non-human animal is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nWilton considered that the usefulness of this portable trap of Mitchell was limited because it was not self-supporting, but had to be suspended by ropes from nearby trees. To overcome this Wilton modified two commercially available portable summer screen rooms normally used to provide insect-proof living facilities out of doors. The smaller screen room measured 3.6 x 3.6 x 2.2 m and weighed about 14 kg, the larger room was 3.0 x 4.2 x 2.3 m and weighed some 15.8 kg . All four sides were made of mesh screen and were supported by tubular metal frames, the rooms had a nylon zipper entrance. To convert them to vector traps two 41 cm vertical slits were cut at the bottom of all four corners to enable the sides to be raised 20 30 cm above the ground and secured by spring clips for entry of vectors." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001589 ! portable net trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T08:31:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001592 name: trap containing dog bait def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, in which a dog is used as the primary attractant." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001595 ! trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T08:35:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001593 name: net trap containing small non-human animal bait def: "Trap made from netting, in which a small animal is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nNet traps have been widely used to collect vectors attracted to a variety of small animals including chickens, rabbits and monkeys. The simplest arrangement consists of positioning an ordinary single or double-sized mosquito net over a host and raising it a few cm from the ground to allow entry of host-seeking vectors. The animal typically is contained in a cage so as to not disturb the net. As one example, Wharton used net traps baited with monkeys to collect mosquito vectors. The monkeys were kept in a small cage covered with chicken wire, which did not prevent the mosquitoes from feeding on them. Small nets measuring 4 x 3 x 3 ft, having a 14 inch wide 3 ft high opening on either side held two monkeys and larger nets measuring 6 x 5 x 4 ft with two 22 inch wide and 4 ft high openings were used to hold four monkeys. The traps were positioned either at ground level or at various heights in trees, and mosquitoes collected from them every 1-2 h throughout the night." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001595 ! trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T08:46:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001594 name: trap containing large non-human animal bait def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, in which a large non-human animal bait is used as the primary attractant.\n\nCOMMENT:\nLarge non-human animals used as bait include goats, sheep, cattle, horses, deer etc." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001532 ! trap containing non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T08:48:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001595 name: trap containing small non-human animal bait def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, in which a small non-human animal bait is used as the primary attractant.\n\nCOMMENT:\nSmall non-human animals used as bait include chickens and other birds, rabbits, rodents, and dogs." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001532 ! trap containing non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T08:50:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001596 name: miniature Magoon stable trap for rabbits def: "Small trap in the form of a stable for host-seeking adult arthropods, in which rabbits are used as the primary attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nA miniature Magoon trap for rabbits has been developed. The roof, door, upper and lower sides are constructed separately from mitred aluminum screen molding. The base of the trap measures 60 x 60 x 56 cm, while the panels are formed of plastic mesh screening held together by four vertical angle-iron corner supports. Four triangular pieces of mesh screening stitched together and fitted within an aluminum frame forms the roof (60 x 60 x 50 cm high). A hook and four lines support the configuration of the roof." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001595 ! trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T08:53:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001597 name: dog-baited trap of Bemrick and Sandholm def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Bemrick and Sandholm, in which a dog is used as the primary attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nBemrick and Sandholm constructed a modified Magoon trap for dog bait, in which the plywood sides (6 x 5 and 5 x 5 ft) were made in two sections to make the trap more portable. A V-shaped baffle with a 3/4 inch slit opening extended completely round the trap at a height of 28 inches from the ground. Vectors caught in the traps were removed by the collector entering the trap through a door at one end." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001592 ! trap containing dog bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T09:07:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001598 name: dog-baited trap of Villavaso and Steelman def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Villavaso and Steelman, in which a dog is used as the primary attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nA portable dog-baited trap was made by Villavaso and Steelman. This measures 36 inches wide, 46 inches long and 30 inches high, but when dismantled and the sections stacked on top of each other was only 24 x 30 x 36 inches. The basic design is that the dog is confined in a centrally placed compartment, about 38 inches long and 30 inches in width and height. Two removable mosquito collecting boxes (30 x 36 inches and 8 inches deep) forms the two long sides of the trap. The outside panel of each collecting box is made of 16 inch mesh screen wire incorporating two 1/4 to 1/2 inch wide longitudinal entry baffles fitted at 10 and 20 inches from the base of the trap. The inner wall of each box is covered with 16 mesh screening protected by a layer of 1/2 inch wire mesh to prevent the dog tearing the screening. Vector entering the two collecting boxes through the horizontal openings are prevented by the mesh screening from feeding on the dogs and are collected by inserting aspirators through 1 inch square openings cut in the outside mesh screening." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001592 ! trap containing dog bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T09:09:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001599 name: dog-baited trap of Lewandowski def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Lewandowski, in which a dog is used as the primary attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nLewandowski constructed a special lightweight wooden dog-baited trap, having louvres of the Bates-type mounted on two opposite sides." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001592 ! trap containing dog bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T09:13:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001600 name: dog-baited kennel trap of Klowden and Lea def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Klowden and Lea, in which a dog is used as the primary attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nIn the dog-baited kennel trap of Klowden and Lea, an inner restraining cage (69 cm long, 41 cm wide and 53 cm high) made from 2.54 mesh wire has a removable top which when in place was fixed by ties of insulated copper wire. The holding cage is placed inside an outer cage 91 cm long, 61 cm wide and 61 cm high having a plywood floor and 0.14 cm mesh screen sides. Two sheets of 97 to 61 cm plexiglas taped together and supported on wooden stakes forms a sloping roof over the cage. The ends of the outer cage has sleeves made from plastic dustbin bags with their ends removed for replacement of the inner cage. Vectors enter either through a 2 cm eave gap between the plexiglas roof and outer cage or through a 2 cm slit on each side of the outer cage positioned 24.5 cm from the ground." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001592 ! trap containing dog bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T09:15:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001601 name: net trap containing chicken bait def: "Trap made from netting, in which a chicken is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001593 ! net trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T09:20:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001602 name: net trap containing rabbit bait def: "Trap made from netting, in which a rabbit is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001593 ! net trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T09:20:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001603 name: net trap containing monkey bait def: "Trap made from netting, in which a monkey is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001593 ! net trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T09:21:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001604 name: bird-baited trap of Buescher def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Buescher, in which birds are used as the primary attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe bird-baited trap of Buescher is made of wood and resembles a small Magoon stable trap. It measures 36 x 44 inches and 40 inches high, with a centrally pitched wooden roof. A 5 cm deep entrance extends the length of the two longer sides parallel to and 10 inches from the base of the trap. The lower part of the entrance consists of an upwardly slanting strip of wood which leaves a 1 inch vertical opening, as found in the Bates-type stable trap, about 18 inches from the trap base. Because birds eat mosquitoes entering these traps a wire mesh frame is inserted inside the traps just below the slit-like entrance to confine the birds to the lower half of the trap. A small door in the upper part of the trap at each end allows aspirators to be inserted for the removal of the catch. A third small door is made near the base of the trap for introducing the bait animals and for facilitating feeding and cleaning out the trap." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001595 ! trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T09:24:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001605 name: small animal-baited blower trap of de Freitas def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by de Freitas, in which mice are used as the primary attractant and which includes a suction action to increase trapping efficiency. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe collection in the morning of vectors from under the hood of a sentinel trap is not very satisfactory as vectors that are attracted to the bait but do not remain under the trap until the morning are missed. To get more representative collections, de Freitas devised a trap in which vectors attracted to sentinel mice were automatically trapped at intervals. Mice are exposed in a 10 x 10 x 12 cm cage of wire mesh suspended from an aluminum hood, 62 cm square and 32 cm high. A 26 cm tall, 21 cm square, chimney having the lower half made of nylon netting and the upper half of aluminum is placed underneath the hood and surrounds the bait cage. A 19 cm fan blade is fixed to the spindle of a 6 V motor enclosed in a plastic bag and placed under the center of the bait cage. It operates from a 6 V car or gel cell battery. The updraft of air produced opens a pair of 11.5 cm square plastic foam trap doors fitted to the top of the aluminum hood, and which fall shut when the fan is not operating. Originally the minute hand of a clock, which was housed in a small box underneath an aluminum roof, was wired to the positive lead from the car battery to the fan motor, so that electrical contact was made for a period of 90 s every 15 min. During the short exposure period mosquitoes attracted to the sentinel mice are blown up through the open doors into a 23 cm square, 30 cm high, plastic mesh collecting cage placed on top of the hood. The complete trap is suspended by wires under a large flat protective aluminum roof." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001638 ! small animal-baited suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T09:27:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001606 name: small animal-baited suction trap of Davies def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Davies, in which small animals are used as the primary attractant and which includes a suction action to increase trapping efficiency. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe trap consists of four basic components, a cylindrical net collecting cage, a small metal tubular fan housing, a wire mesh bait cage and a time switch which can be made from a cheap clock. The collecting cage is made from nylon or terylene netting and is 20 inches long and 12 inches in diameter except that at both ends a curtain wire threaded through a 1/2 inch hem reduces the diameter to about 10 inches. A 12 inch circular piece of 1/4 inch plywood with a wire loop handle is inserted in the top of the cage as a convenient lid. A short length of plastic tubing, such as a vial with the bottom removed, is cemented into the middle of the cage so that an aspirator can be inserted for removal of the catch. An 8 inch long, 6 inch diameter metal tube (e.g. a 5 lb dried milk tin with both ends removed) is mounted in a 12 inch disc of plywood placed in the bottom of the trap. A 6 V motor is held by aluminum brackets or straps midway inside the tube.\n\nA 2- or 3-bladed 6 inch diameter plastic propeller with a 4 inch pitch, such as used in model aircraft, is fixed to the spindle of the motor. The top of the metal tube is closed by a circular flap of 1/4 inch polystyrene foam, cemented only at one point, so that when the motor operates, the updraft of air forces the flap open. It falls back into place when the motor stops. A bait cage about 3 inches in diameter and length made from 1/2 inch galvanized wire mesh is supported at the bottom of the fan housing by two long meat skewers running through it at right angles. Wiring the motor to a 6 V motorcycle or gel cell battery through a clock allows the fan to automatically operate for 30-45 s every 7-10 min.\n\nDavies pointed out that trap dimensions are not critical, in fact modified trap cages can be made for baiting with other animals than mice such as rats, wild rodents, birds or bats." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001638 ! small animal-baited suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T09:33:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001607 name: small animal-baited IMR trap def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed at the Institute for Medical Research in Kuala Lumpur, in which small animals are used as the primary attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThis trap (IMR = Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur) consists of a rectangular cage 45 x 30 cm and 38 cm high having a sheet metal base. The sides are covered with copper mesh except that one of the smaller ends (30 x 38 cm) has a nylon netting sleeve attached for introducing the baits and removing the catch. The two longer sides are bent inwards at 7 cm from the metal base plate making an angle of 145 degrees, and along the apices of these angles are horizontal 1 cm wide slits for mosquitoes to enter. The trap has been used with chicken and gerbil bait." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001595 ! trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T09:39:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001608 name: small animal-baited no. 10 Trinidad trap def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designated the no. 10 Trinidad trap, in which small animals are used as the primary attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nNo. 10 Trinidad trap has proved to be one of the most versatile animal-baited traps. The frame of this double-baited trap is made from 1/2 inch galvanized or stainless steel wire. The various sections can be soldered or tied together, or with some ingenuity the entire framework of the trap can be made by bending a single length of wire into the appropriate shape. Each end section of the trap is formed by bending the wire to form a W and then the outer limbs of the W are connected overhead by two semicircular pieces or wire. The two end sections are linked by two 16 inch horizontal lengths of wire running from the outer top ends of the W-shaped wire frame, and by two similar strips separated by a 1 inch gap connecting the central apex of the two W-shaped frames. This gap forms the entrance for the vectors. The framework of the lower part of the trap is covered with wire mesh while the upper part supported by the two semi-circles of wire is covered with white nylon mosquito netting which is sewn on to the framework except at the front end. A touch and close fastener such as Velcro is sewn on to the wire mesh at the front end of the trap and also along the bottom edge of the mosquito netting cover. Alternatively the top cover can be made as a bag that is dropped over the cage and held in position by a large strip of rubber such as cut from an old motor car inner tube. The trap is normally baited with small vertebrates contained in a small mesh cage supported on wire supports in each section of the trap, but the trap has also been successful when baited with dry ice contained in plastic bags or polystyrene boxes. The trap is normally suspended from a tree and protected from rain by a horizontal sheet (18 x 24 inches) of metal. Vectors enter from below through the long vertical centrally placed slit. They are collected by inserting an aspirator underneath the bottom edge of the mosquito netting cage covering the trap. The trap has been used with various bait animals including chickens, wild birds, various rodents and lizards." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001595 ! trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T09:45:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001609 name: small animal-baited no. 17 Trinidad trap def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designated the no. 17 Trinidad trap, in which small animals are used as the primary attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThis trap was developed as a small, simple and cheap trap to collect mosquitoes attracted to small rodents. It consists of four distinct parts: lid, net cage, bait cage and spreader ring. The lid is a 1/4 inch thick 12 inch diameter piece of plywood with a small central hole through which string or wire is fixed for suspending the trap. The upper surface can be painted, usually black, to protect the wood, while the lower surface is painted white. The net cage is made from a piece of 38 x 18 inches terylene netting with a 1/2 inch hem along both longer edges, by sewing the two shorter sides together to form a tube. A 28 inch length of flexible curtain wire is threaded through the top hem and a 9 inch length of 1/4 inch wide elastic through the bottom hem. A short section of a 1 in diameter plastic tube having a removable top or cork is cemented into a slit made in the side of the bag. This provides a simple but efficient opening for inserting an aspirator. Alternatively a slit-like opening furnished with a touch and close fastening such as Velcro could be used. The bait cage is made from a 1 US quart motor oil tin cut in half and with both ends removed to give a 4 inch diameter, 2 3/4 inch long cylinder. Half-inch galvanized wire mesh screening rolled round to form a 4 inch diameter, 13 inch long cylinder is slipped down over the bait tin for about 1/2 inch and held in position by adhesive tape, small bolts or self-tapping screws. A disc of 1/4 inch mesh screen is wired inside the wire cylinder about 1 1/2 inches above the top of the tin to form a floor for the bait cage, and a piece of plywood or galvanized metal is hooked on top of the wire cylinder to form a roof. A piece of 16 gauge galvanized wire is placed underneath the middle of the tin that forms the bottom of the bait cage, and is bent to form two U-shaped slots to accommodate the rim of the tin. Two such pieces of wire are then placed at right angles to each other across the spreader ring, this being a 12 inch diameter circle of stiff wire, which supports the cage within the trap. Mice, or other small baits, are confined within the 2 inch high space between the roof and the wire mesh floor of the bait cage.\n\nDavies found that there was a greatly reduced catch if the trap bag was made of nylon mosquito netting with round holes. The most efficient traps had a bag of terylene netting with square holes and 22 meshes to the inch. It was also important that the floor of the wire mesh cylinder was made of finer mesh than its sides. If two or more adult mice are used the bait chamber should be divided to prevent fighting." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001595 ! trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T09:58:14Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001610 name: small animal-baited cylindrical lard can trap def: "Cylinder-shaped trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, in which small animals are used as the primary attractant.\n\nCOMMENT:\nDifferent variations of small animal-baited cylindrical lard cans trap have been developed since the original one was developed by Bellamy and Reeves. Many of these traps also are used with CO2 bait and sometimes in combination with an animal bait and CO2." [Add:Silver] is_a: VSMO:0001595 ! trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T10:04:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001611 name: small animal-baited cylindrical lard can trap of Dow and Morris def: "Cylinder-shaped trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Dow and Morris, in which small animals are used as the primary attractant.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis trap exposes bait animals by restricting them to a small section of the trap (a small screen cage soldered to the floor of a trap and provided with a small door underneath to allow their easy insertion and removal)." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001610 ! small animal-baited cylindrical lard can trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T10:10:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001612 name: small animal-baited cylindrical lard can trap of Bellamy and Reeves def: "Cylinder-shaped trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Bellamy and Reeves, in which small animals are used as the primary attractant.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis trap was originally made from a cylindrical 50 lb lard-can, 14 1/2 inches long and 12 inches in diameter. An 8 3/4 inch hole is cut out from both ends of the can and a 5 1/2 inch long funnel of fine mesh gauze is soldered to the rims of the cut ends. The 1/4 inch diameter apical opening of each funnel is directed towards the middle of the can, where the bait animal is contained." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001610 ! small animal-baited cylindrical lard can trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T10:12:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001613 name: small animal-baited cylindrical lard can trap of Mitchell and Millian def: "Cylinder-shaped trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Mitchell and Millian in which a chicken is used as the primary attractant.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMitchell and Millian made cylindrical lard-can traps in three sections. The two longer end sections had conical entrance funnels which were separated by a shorter removable circular bait cage of equal diameter having both ends made of mesh and held in position by snap-on clips. A curved hinged flap in the side of the circular cage allowed the bait (a chicken) to be introduced and removed." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001610 ! small animal-baited cylindrical lard can trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T10:15:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001614 name: small animal-baited cylindrical lard can trap of Nayar def: "Cylinder-shaped trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Nayar in which chickens are used as the primary attractant.\n\nCOMMENT:\nNayar modified the cylindrical lard-can trap by cutting a 15 x 25-cm hole in the side and screened it from the interior by a fine mesh cage (16 x 26 cm and 12 cm deep). The bait animals, 1 to 3-week-old chicks, were confined to a wire cage attached to the lid, which was fitted within the mesh cage, and then the lid was inserted into the can and fastened. Thus, it was possible to introduce and remove the bait without opening the trap. The outside of the trap was sprayed with matt black paint." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001610 ! small animal-baited cylindrical lard can trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T10:16:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001615 name: small animal-baited cylindrical lard can trap of Dow def: "Cylinder-shaped trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Dow, in which small animals are used as the primary attractant.\n\nCOMMENT:\nDow confined birds and other bait animals to cages placed in a fine mesh screen recess inserted in the top of a cylindrical trap. The outside opening of the recess was closed with a hinged cover. In later experiments mosquitoes were given the opportunity of feeding on the birds, which were placed in a wire mesh cage introduced into the trap through a hinged trap door provided with a 3 ft cloth sleeve. To minimize the effect of trap position, four identical cylindrical traps were suspended at right angles to each other about 5 ft from the ground on 3 ft booms, which slowly rotated horizontally." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001610 ! small animal-baited cylindrical lard can trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T10:20:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001616 name: small animal-baited cylindrical lard can trap of LePore def: "Cylinder-shaped trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by LePore in which small animals are used as the primary attractant.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIn response to the continuing need for small animal-baited mosquito traps and the discontinuation of metal cans of the type used in earlier traps, LePore developed a lard-can trap constructed from materials readily available from suppliers to the ventilation industry. Traps consist of a 24 inch long section of 16 inch diameter galvanized ducting, fitted with collecting chambers at each end of the central tube. The body of these chambers is constructed from a 6 inch length of 10 inch diameter galvanized tubing designed to fit over the crimped end of a 10 inch end cap. The collecting chamber bodies are fitted to the inner faces of 16 inch diameter end plates using a crimped collar. One collecting chamber slides over the crimped end of the main trap body, the other chamber is crimped to fit inside the main trap body. Mosquitoes enter the collecting chambers through inward facing mesh funnels with a 1 inch diameter opening, and are prevented from feeding on the bait animal by a 16 mesh aluminum screen attached to the inside end of the collecting chambers. Removal of mosquitoes from the collecting chambers is achieved as follows: the chambers are removed from the trap body and placed with the larger diameter end facing down onto an inflatable ring, as used by children to aid buoyancy when swimming, taped to a board. A plastic shower-cap with a 1 cm hole is placed over the narrow end of the collecting chamber. Mosquitoes can then be removed from the collecting chamber by removing the end cap and aspirating them." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001610 ! small animal-baited cylindrical lard can trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T10:20:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001617 name: small animal-baited cylindrical lard can trap of Deegan def: "Cylinder-shaped trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Deegan, in which pigeons are used as the primary attractant.\n\nCOMMENT:\nDeegan modified a cylindrical lard-can trap baited with pigeons for West Nile virus surveillance. Each trap was constructed from a 61 cm long cylinder of steel duct pipe with a diameter of 41 cm. A removable chicken-wire cage with dimensions of 30.5 cm x 30.5 cm x 35.6 cm was fitted inside the traps and the ends of the pipe were covered by screened cones that allowed entry of mosquitoes. Detachable inner screens could be fitted to prevent mosquitoes feeding on the enclosed pigeons." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001610 ! small animal-baited cylindrical lard can trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-30T10:22:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001618 name: small animal-baited suction trap of Emord and Morris def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Emord and Morris, in which small animals are used as the primary attractant and which includes a suction action to increase trapping efficiency. \n\nCOMMENT:\nEmord and Morris designed a small animal-baited trap, based on the CDC light-trap (and this including sucking action). They took a standard CDC trap and removed the light source and made the following modifications. A semi-cylindrical cage (6 x 4 1/2 x 4 inches) made from 1/2 inch mesh wire screening wrapped round a plywood D-shaped base was attached by a metal hook to a 8 x 1/4 inch threaded metal rod fixed to one side of the CDC trap. The hinged top of the bait cage was also made from wire screening. A 1 1/2 inch thick layer of household sponge was placed on the floor of the bait cage to protect the bait from the cold, and also to facilitate cleaning the cage. Traps operated from four 1.5 V torch batteries fixed to the CDC trap. The collecting container consisted of a plastic 1-quart frozen food storage container with a section from the bottom and three sections from the side removed and replaced by plastic mosquito screening. These screenings, and a cloth sleeve fixing the container to the trap, were embedded into the plastic with a soldering iron." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001638 ! small animal-baited suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T07:56:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001619 name: bird-baited trap of Meyer and Bennett def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Meyer and Bennett, in which ducks are used as the primary attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThis is a duck-baited trap, but can be adapted to hold other animals. The bait cage consists of a 30 x 30 and 35 cm high chicken wire cage nailed to a wooden board (35 x 45 cm), there is no wire bottom. A hole is cut from the top to allow the bait to be introduced, after which it is covered with a piece of chicken wire netting. Food and water dishes are wired to one of the sides of the cage. The mosquito collecting cage is a 60 cm cube wooden frame covered with fine plastic mosquito netting on five sides, the bottom being left open. Four polythene 25 cm diameter funnels with their stems cut off to leave about 5 cm diameter holes are glued to fit into four 25 cm holes cut from two panels (30 x 60 cm) of plywood fixed at the top of the cage and on two opposite sides. Finally, a mosquito netting sleeve is sewn into the top of the cage for removal, with an aspirator, of the vectors." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001595 ! trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T08:00:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001620 name: bird-baited box trap of Anderson and Brust def: "Box-shaped trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Anderson and Brust, in which a pair of quail is used as the primary attractant.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAnderson and Brust designed a box trap to hold a pair of Japanese quail contained in cylindrical wire cages. Traps were 30 by 30 by 30 cm and had baffled, slotted entrances (narrowing from 30 by 8 cm to 30 by 2 cm) on the underside. Baffles were constructed from fine mesh to permit downward movement of host odors. On one side of the trap was a hole with a stocking sleeve to permit introduction and removal of the quails and to facilitate emptying of the trap. Perspex and plywood traps were constructed. Traps were suspended l m above the ground." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001595 ! trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T08:02:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001621 name: animal bait role def: "A role borne by a live animal, or the natural secretions of a live animal, in virtue of being used as bait for the purpose of enhancing the efficiency of an arthropod trap.\n\nCOMMENT:\nLive animal bait, including humans, and their natural secretions can be used to enhance the efficiency of a trap for host-seeking arthropods of species capable of serving as pathogen vectors." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Role ! role created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T08:05:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001622 name: pathogen detection function def: "The function of a device realized when it can detect pathogens.\n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples of tools that have this function include rapid tests for pathogen detection in arthropods or samples from vertebrates, and sentinel animals." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Function ! function created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T08:06:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001623 name: sentinel animal role def: "A role borne by a live animal in virtue of mounting a detectable response to pathogen infection.\n\nCOMMENT:\nNon-human animals can be used as sentinels for activity of a human pathogen. Examples include pigs and donkeys as sentinels for Japanese encephalitis virus and chickens for St. Louis encephalitis virus and West Nile virus. Other animals used as pathogen sentinels in different settings include monkeys, various rodents, marsupials, deer, quail, and mice." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Role ! role created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T08:07:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001624 name: sentinel chicken shed trap def: "Trap in the form of a shed for host-seeking adult arthropods, in which chickens are used as the primary attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe complete trap consists of three basic parts, a shed, two removable mosquito traps and a chicken wire pen. A 20 inches wide, 33 inches high doorway is made in front of the shed and a 10 inches high door, that is normally raised to allow free entry of chickens into the shed from the pen, is hinged along its upper edge and extends across the entire back of the shed. A screened opening, 47 inches wide and 24 1/2 inches high, is fixed above the hinged door to increase ventilation through the shed. Two removable mosquito entry traps are fitted to the top of the front wall of the shed and incorporate Bates-type baffles. The pen, which is pushed up against the back of the shed, is 14 ft long, 7 ft wide and 4 ft high and is made from chicken wire fixed to a wooden framework. To prevent predators entering the pen the floor can also be covered with chicken wire. A 23 x 43 inch doorway is placed in one side of the pen to provide access." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001595 ! trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T08:16:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001625 name: small animal odor-baited entry trap def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Costantini, in which small animal odor is used as the primary attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nCostantini developed an odor-baited entry trap (OBET) that attempts to address some of the problems associated with landing catches, baited net traps and drop-nets. The key feature of the trap is that the host odors are separated from other cues associated with the host, such as heat, visual cues, etc. The OBET consists of a steel wire frame 40 cm high x 40 cm wide x 60 cm long, which is covered with mosquito netting. A 50 cm long, 10 cm diameter plastic tube is inserted through the center of the rear panel of the cage and protrudes about 10 cm into the cage. The tube is supported by two 10 cm diameter plastic rings and the end of the tube which is inside the cage is covered with mosquito netting to prevent mosquitoes entering it. The rear end of the tube is attached to a length of polythene tubing, through which the host odors are delivered into the cage. Inserted into the face of the cage opposite the plastic tube is a foam rubber hollow cylinder with an external diameter of 20 cm and walls 1 cm thick. This foam rubber cylinder protrudes about 14 cm into the cage and is supported by 2 plastic rings. Approximately 1 cm further into the cage another plastic ring (16 cm diameter) supporting a disc of mosquito netting is inserted. This leaves a gap of approximately 1 cm between the internal end of the entry tube and the mosquito netting disc, through which the mosquitoes enter the trap. Costantini introduced host odors to the trap from a tent containing bait animals. The tent was constructed from heavy-duty polythene sheeting suspended from poles. The dimensions of the tent can be adjusted to suit the size of the bait animals being used. A 10 cm diameter hole was cut into one face of the tent and a 12 V fan powered by a rechargeable battery was inserted and connected to the polythene tube, which was in turn connected to the plastic cylinder inserted into the rear of the trap. The air stream produced by the fan is sufficient to fully inflate the polythene tube over a length of at least 12 m." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001595 ! trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T08:20:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001626 name: tent trap containing human bait odor def: "Trap in the form of a tent in which human odor is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMboera developed an odor trap with human bait to compare the efficiency of whole host odor and CO2 as attractants for mosquitoes in Tanzania. Whole host odor or CO2 was introduced into a tent trap containing a mosquito net and a CDC miniature light-trap and fitted with two Muirhead- Thomson exit traps. Whole host odor was obtained from a human subject seated in an underground pit dug below the tent and odor was blown into the mosquito net inside the tent through a PVC tube containing a fan from a CDC light-trap. Carbon dioxide was pumped into the mosquito net from a cylinder." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001536 ! trap containing human bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T08:28:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001627 name: bird-baited trap of Hibler and Olsen def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Hibler and Olsen, in which birds are used as the primary attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe trap consists of a lower bait chamber (2.5 ft long, 2 ft wide and 1.5 ft high) made of plywood. The upper 6 inches of the two longer sides are made of fine nylon netting that slopes inwards leading to a 1/2 inch slit in the floor on either side of the upper compartment. The upper compartment is of similar dimensions to the lower, but has a clear plastic insertion in the roof. Bait animals are inserted through a small doorway into the lower compartment and vectors attracted to the trap settle on and eventually crawl or fly up through the two slits into the top compartment from where they can be aspirated with an aspirator inserted through a cut-out section of the top compartment." [ISBN:1851667989] is_a: VSMO:0001595 ! trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T08:41:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001628 name: human bait trap hut of Bertram and McGregor def: "Trap in the form of a hut, designed by Bertram and McGregor, in which a human is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe original hut is 6 ft 8 inches long, 4 ft wide and 7 ft high, and made of plywood fixed to a wooden framework. A curved roof extends about 6 inches beyond all four walls of the hut, and a close fitting door is placed at one end of the hut. Both roof and walls are covered with tarred felt fixed in position by battens. A 14 inch square window space is cut out 4 ft from the ground along each of the two longer sides. Three interchangeable fittings are made for these window spaces; (1) a panel of wood which completely covered the window; (2) a wooden frame with wire gauze mosquito netting in the middle; and (3) a wooden panel fitted with a 9 inch cube framework covered with white mosquito netting and having an inverted funnel of dark metal gauze. A 4 1/2 ft long and 1 inch wide slit opening covered with netting and protected by an overlapping wooden flange is constructed in each long side of the hut 14 inches from the ground to provide additional ventilation. The trap hut is raised from the ground on 6 inch legs. Finally, a wooden batten extending about 3 ft beyond each end of the trap is screwed on to each side of the hut 18 inches above the base to enable four men to lift the trap and carry it short distances. It can be transported over longer distances by pick-up vehicles. Mosquitoes are caught during entry and are prevented from feeding on the occupants. Placing an entry window trap in all four walls, and providing them with a cover to help keep out the rain can improve the trap. Mosquitoes are either removed from the window cages periodically throughout the night or just after dawn." [ISBN:1851667989] is_a: VSMO:0001554 ! trap hut containing human bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T08:55:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001629 name: portable human bait trap hut of Burton def: "Trap in the form of a portable hut, designed by Burton, in which a human is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe hut is made of 1/4 inch plywood sheets measuring 4 x 8 ft mounted in a frame of right-angled metal beams. The hut measures about 8 x 8 x 8 ft. Although not essential, a sloping roof is useful in allowing rain to run off; the hut floor is raised about 6 inches from the ground. Three identical screened windows (22 x 26 inches), which have louvred openings with 1/2 inch gaps allow vectors to enter, are recessed in three sides. The door is bolted from the inside. To facilitate rapid erection all panels are numbered and bolts with wing nuts are used." [ISBN:1851667989] is_a: VSMO:0001554 ! trap hut containing human bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T08:55:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001630 name: human bait trap hut of Reuben def: "Trap in the form of a hut, designed by Reuben, in which a human is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis trap is similar to the human bait trap hut of Bertram and McGregor but is waterproofed with black plastic sheeting and has a window trap in three walls and the door. Mosquitoes are caught during entry and are prevented from feeding on the occupants." [ISBN:1851667989] is_a: VSMO:0001554 ! trap hut containing human bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T08:55:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001631 name: net trap of Jupp and McIntosh def: "Trap made from netting, designed by Jupp and McIntosh, in which a goat or sheep is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nJupp and McIntosh placed an animal bait (goat, sheep) in a 2-inch wire mesh cage in the center of a mosquito net 7 ft long, 5.5 ft wide and 6 ft tall supported on poles and raised 8 inches from the ground. A large zippered panel allowed a collector to enter." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001566 ! net trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T09:31:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001632 name: net trap of Reid def: "Trap made from netting, designed by Reid, in which a goat or one head of cattle is used as bait to attract host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nReid used another variation of a net trap for goats and cattle: a 10 ft long, 7ft high and 7ft wide net which had a 3 ft wide entrance in each long side which could be closed by a flap." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001566 ! net trap containing large non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T09:32:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001633 name: small animal-baited suction trap of Lumsden def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Lumsden, in which small animals are used as the primary attractant and which includes a suction action to increase trapping efficiency. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe bait animal (for example a rabbit) is enclosed in a wire mesh cage placed at the center of a 70 cm diameter platform made of hardboard. Some 15 cm directly above the enclosed bait is a 30 cm tall cone made from the truncated sections of transparent cellulose acetate sheet separated by about 1 cm wide gaps. The upper end of the cone is attached to a 12 inch diameter fan. This is connected to a 20 cm high metal cylinder which has a 45 cm long fine wire mesh funnel projecting laterally which terminates in a small collecting bottle containing a killing agent. The trap is open around the platform containing the bait up to a height of 15 cm. The fan draws air upwards through the 15 cm opening and also through the 1 cm gaps between the cellulose sheets comprising the cone. The fan works for 2-5 min followed by an off period for 5 min. This allows vectors to settle undisturbed on or near the bait after which they are sucked up when the fan starts operating." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001638 ! small animal-baited suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T09:38:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001634 name: small animal-baited suction trap of Minter def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Minter, in which small animals are used as the primary attractant and which includes a suction action to increase trapping efficiency. \n\nCOMMENT:\nIn this modification of the small animal-baited suction trap of Lumsden, Minter used a metal base plate to place the bait and a perspex cone that can be raised or lowered to account for the size of the bait animal." [ISBN:1851667989] is_a: VSMO:0001638 ! small animal-baited suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T09:56:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001635 name: small animal-baited suction trap of Service def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Service, in which small animals are used as the primary attractant and which includes a suction action to increase trapping efficiency. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThis trap consists of a 38 x 48 x 50 cm mesh cage (1 inch mesh wire) placed about 35 cm above the ground near the suction trap (Johnson-Taylor suction trap). The end of a 1.75 m length of 25 cm diameter flexible tubing attached to the top of the fan rests on top of the cage. The fan is on a 3 min on and 7 min off cycle. Vectors are sucked up the tubing into a collecting receptacle." [ISBN:1851667989] is_a: VSMO:0001638 ! small animal-baited suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T10:00:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001636 name: small animal-baited suction trap of Means def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Means, in which small animals are used as the primary attractant and which includes a suction action to increase trapping efficiency. \n\nCOMMENT:\nMeans used a 6 V car battery to operate, from 1 min out of every 15 min, a fan to suck down into a glass jar filled with alcohol, vectors attracted to small bait animals enclosed in hard cloth or chicken wire and placed above the fan." [ISBN:1851667989] is_a: VSMO:0001638 ! small animal-baited suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T10:03:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001637 name: small animal-baited suction trap of Nasci and Edman def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, designed by Nasci and Edman, in which a pigeon is used as the primary attractant and which includes a suction action to increase trapping efficiency. \n\nCOMMENT:\nNasci and Edman converted a New Jersey light trap into a baited suction trap by raising the rain shield to a height of 38 cm and inserting a concave aluminum collar extending 10 cm outwards from the air intake to maximize suction. After removing the bulb a pigeon was placed in a 23 cm tall, 18 cm diameter cylindrical mesh bait cage positioned over the motor supports. Double screening of the bait cage prevented vectors from biting the bait. A timer switched the suction trap in for 1 min and blew the catch into a cyanide jar, this was followed by a 4 min off period. Power came from a 12 V battery." [ISBN:1851667989] is_a: VSMO:0001638 ! small animal-baited suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T10:05:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001638 name: small animal-baited suction trap def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, in which small animals are used as the primary attractant and which includes a suction action to increase trapping efficiency." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001595 ! trap containing small non-human animal bait created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T10:17:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001639 name: animal-baited trap for host-seeking adult arthropods def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, in which an animal bait (human or non-human) is used as the primary attractant." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001354 ! trap for host-seeking adult arthropods creation_date: 2010-05-31T04:06:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001640 name: trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, which functions without an animal bait." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001354 ! trap for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T04:16:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001641 name: unpowered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, which functions without an animal bait and does not include a power source." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001640 ! trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T04:18:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001642 name: powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, which functions without an animal bait but requires a power source to operate." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001640 ! trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T04:19:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001643 name: unpowered free-standing trap def: "Trap for host-seeking adult arthropods, which functions without an animal bait, does not include a power source, and is free-standing rather than attached to a building." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001641 ! unpowered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T04:21:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001644 name: Townes-type Malaise trap def: "Black and white color variation of Malaise trap to collect adult arthropods in general flight designed by Townes.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe four basic parts of the trap are as follows: (1) a wooden frame about 76 inches square and 50 inches tall held in position with guy ropes and within which the trap is supported (this is not an essential component, and is not needed if the trap can be suspended between conveniently placed trees etc.); (2) a lower part of the trap, which consists of four baffles set at right angles to each other and made from two pieces of 102 x 42 inches, black mosquito netting; (3) a pyramid of white netting divided by four white baffles fixed over the framework and lower baffles; (4) a collecting jar consisting of a curved metal cone leading to a transparent plastic funnel, underneath which is a killing bottle, which is fitted over the opening in the apex of the pyramid. Insects flying into the trap are prevented from escaping by the lower baffles and fly upwards into the lightest part of the trap, and eventually pass into the killing jar." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001648 ! Malaise-type trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T04:28:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001645 name: Marston-type Malaise trap def: "Malaise type trap to collect adult arthropods in general flight designed by Marston.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMarston described a trap made by suspending the net part of a Malaise trap within a framework of tubular aluminum having telescopic legs, such as used in tents." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001648 ! Malaise-type trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T04:34:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001646 name: Gressit-type Malaise trap def: "Black color variation of Malaise trap to collect adult arthropods in general flight designed by Gressitt and Gressitt.\n\nCOMMENT:\nGressitt and Gressitt developed a malaise-type trap where the net is made from black nylon organdie and consists of a central median panel 7 m long and 3.6 m high, with two end-panels 1.8 m wide and set at right angles. The roof is made to slope downwards on either side of the central panel. Panels 20 cm wide are sewn to the edges of the roof and the side panels and slant inwards to help retain the catch. At the two ends of the central panel the nylon netting of the roof and the end panels is extended to form a cone of netting leading to a plastic cylindrical collecting tube. A straight length of rope is run along under the center of the roof adjacent to the central panel, to emerge through the conical extensions. The two plastic collecting tubes are fixed to this rope, which is slanted upwards and tied to a tree. Each collecting tube is 22 x 10 cm with an inverted funnel at the entrance. The opposite end of the tube is removable and contains a small container with a perforated removable lid. A killing agent is placed in the small tube. Two thinner pieces of rope support the two outer edges of the roof panel, and are tied to a tree or staked to the ground some distance from the trap. Rope is used to tie down the four bottom corners of the side panels and the two corners of the median panel. Finally, a 30-cm high double strip of heavy black cotton poplin is sewn on to the lower edge of the median panel to help weight it down." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001648 ! Malaise-type trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T04:38:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001647 name: Butler-type Malaise trap def: "Malaise type trap to collect adult arthropods in general flight designed by Butler.\n\nCOMMENT:\nButler's malaise-type trap is made from a mosquito bed-net by cutting out one of the longer side panels, but leaving a 1-ft deep strip along the top edge. For greater strength it is advisable, though not essential, to sew a 10-inch square piece of cloth into the middle of the roof panel before a hole is cut out from it and a metal cylinder (coffee tin with both ends removed), is inserted. A transparent plastic bag is tied by an elastic band to the top end of the cylinder. A killing agent can be placed at the bottom of the plastic bag. Two light pieces of wood (dowels, bamboo canes, etc.) are inserted across the inside of the two short sides of the roof panel to hold the net open. A long loop of nylon cord is attached to each of the projecting ends of the wooden supports. A piece of wire or string is passed under each nylon loop and attached in the middle to the top of the cylinder and its end secured to a tree. This arrangement results in pulling the center of the roof panel upwards about 18 inches so that a funnel-shaped roof is formed that leads to the collecting bag." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001648 ! Malaise-type trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T04:42:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001648 name: Malaise-type trap def: "Trap for adult arthropods in general flight, in the form of a large, tent-like structure. \n\nCOMMENT:\nOriginally designed in the 1930s by Malaise. Several variations of the Malaise trap have been developed for flying insect vectors including mosquitoes and tabanids." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001909 ! trap for adult arthropods in general flight created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T04:44:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001649 name: free-standing window trap def: "Trap for adult arthropods in general flight, in the form of a vertical plastic window which knocks arthropods that collide with it into a killing solution. \n\nCOMMENT:\nFor example, Jonsson developed a free-standing window trap consisting of a 16 x 20-cm perspex box, 16 cm high and divided in the middle by a 20 x 36-cm sheet of perspex (window). The two compartments of the box are filled to a depth of about 12 cm with 4-6% formalin containing a few drops of detergent; in winter ethylene glycol can be added to prevent freezing. One or two holes drilled in one side of the box at 12 cm and covered with fine netting prevent the trap overflowing after heavy rain. Traps are mounted on aluminium poles. Flying insects on hitting the transparent vertical plastic window fall into the formalin. The window trap may catch vectors that are seeking a host or moving for other purposes." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001909 ! trap for adult arthropods in general flight created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T04:48:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001650 name: ramp trap of Gillies def: "Ramp trap to collect adult arthropods in general flight designed by Gillies.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe trap is used at, or just above, ground level. It is composed of two separate parts, a ramp unit and a detachable collecting cage. The ramp consists of a wooden frame 6 ft long and 3 ft wide, covered with plastic or glass fiber netting and fixed by upright supports at an angle of 135 degrees. Two triangular sections make up the ramp frame. Initially each side section has the two equal sides 4 ft 6 inches long, but the upper inner corners are cut off to leave an upper side about 4 ft 2 inches long. These two sections are mounted on either side of the ramp platform and a 4 ft 2 inches long, 3 ft wide roof rests horizontally across them. When these side frames are fitted together, a 4 inch gap, through which mosquitoes pass into the collecting cage, is left between the top edge of the ramp and the inner edge of the roof. The framework of the entire ramp unit is covered with netting. The collecting cage, which is 3 ft 5 inches wide, 1 ft 5 inches deep and 2 ft high, fits tightly against the vertical supports of the ramp. A horizontal strut fixed some 7 inches from the top of the cage enables it to rest across the roof of the ramp. The section of the front wall that fits over the ramp is covered with wood, while the rest of the cage is covered with netting. There is nothing critical about the dimensions of the trap; all that is required is a suitably inclined ramp that will guide mosquitoes into a collecting cage." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001652 ! ramp trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T04:52:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001651 name: ramp trap of Gillies and Wilkes def: "Ramp trap to collect adult arthropods in general flight designed by Gillies and Wilkes.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe most important change in design from the ramp trap of Gillies is the separation of the ramp from the collecting cage. This cage is 2 ft high, 3 ft wide, 1 ft 6 in deep and covered with plastic netting and is mounted on a 4 ft high stand. A 3 inch entry slit with a hinged wooden lid is made in the cage. The ramp unit consists of a sloping rectangular frame covered with wide-mesh nylon netting which is hooked on to the top of the cage stand. Its bottom edge rests on the ground 6 ft in front of the stand supporting the collecting cage. The tops of two 6-ft high vertical stakes inserted into the ground on either side of the bottom edge of the ramp are connected to the cage by horizontal bamboo canes. The funnel-shaped framework that results from this construction is covered with wide-mesh, double weave cotton netting. This netting was chosen in preference to ordinary mosquito netting as it presents less wind resistance. The funnel entrance to the trap is about 6 ft high and a little less than 6 ft wide. In general these traps caught larger numbers of mosquitoes than the older type, presumably due, at least in part, to the larger cross-sectional area of the ramp entrance." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001652 ! ramp trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T04:58:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001652 name: ramp trap def: "Trap for adult arthropods in general flight, in the form of a ramp which allows for entry from only one direction and leads into a collection cage. \n\nCOMMENT:\nRamp traps may catch vectors that are seeking a host or moving for other purposes." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001909 ! trap for adult arthropods in general flight created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T05:01:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001653 name: stationary net trap def: "Trap for adult arthropods in general flight, in the form of a stationary net. \n\nCOMMENT:\nStationary net traps may catch vectors that are seeking a host or moving for other purposes." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001909 ! trap for adult arthropods in general flight created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T05:05:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001654 name: fixed stationary net trap def: "Stationary net trap to collect adult arthropods in general flight, in which the opening is permanently fixed in one direction.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMosquitoes have occasionally been sampled by horizontal nets in which the opening, which is perpendicular to the ground, is permanently fixed in one direction. The trap consists of dark blue nylon netting made into the shape of a pyramid with a 2 x 2 m entrance narrowing at the opposite end to an 18 cm diameter opening. The four corners of the funnel-like net are fastened to curtain rings that can be slid up and down two vertical metal supporting rods. A 2.5 m long, 18 cm diameter, cylindrical white nylon sleeve is fixed to the apex of the funnel and held out horizontally by tying the distal end to an upright support. Nielsen used a unit consisting of two nets mounted one above the other to study the dispersal of mosquitoes from their breeding places." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001653 ! stationary net trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T05:07:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001655 name: wind-orientated stationary net trap def: "Stationary net trap to collect adult arthropods in general flight, in which the net trap is pivoted so that the opening always faces into the wind.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlthough mosquitoes have been sometimes successfully caught in fixed stationary nets as described under the previous heading, nets used to sample aerial populations of insects are usually pivoted so that their openings always face into the wind. Such nets are commonly referred to as tow nets, which can be misleading as they are not pulled or towed through the air. They do not sample mosquitoes flying in one particular direction, but those flying with the wind." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001653 ! stationary net trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T05:07:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001656 name: kite-type stationary net trap def: "Stationary net trap to collect adult arthropods in general flight, in which the net trap is affixed to a kite.\n\nCOMMENT:\nNumerous kite-type trap designs have been described and many ready-made kites can be purchased. Because aerial densities of insects can be low the cross-sectional area of the entrance of the tow net is made as large as the lifting power of the kite in a light wind will allow, while the terylene 0.5 mm mesh net is made as light as possible." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001653 ! stationary net trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T05:07:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001657 name: vehicle-mounted trap def: "Trap mounted on a vehicle to collect adult arthropods in general flight.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTraps of various shapes and sizes can be pulled or towed through the air by airplanes or on land by various vehicles. By adjusting the speed of the vehicle it is possible to control the volume of air sampled, but sampling is not from a point source but from a transect." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001909 ! trap for adult arthropods in general flight created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T05:16:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001658 name: ascending net def: "Collection net with a rapidly ascending mode of action to capture adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis relates to a net that is rapidly ascending. Nielsen and Greve used a net is made of tulle and weighs only 125 g; it is 250 cm long, 60 cm across at the opening but tapers to a narrow cylindrical section only 20 cm in diameter. An 8 m length of line from a hydrogen-filled balloonis attached to three equally spaced strings fixed to the edge of the opening. Another fine length of line is attached to the rim of the net and threaded through a loop made 50 cm from the net in the balloon line. With this arrangement the opening of the net is placed vertically and does not sample the air as the line is slackened to let the net and balloon rise to the desired height. Then by tugging on the line the net is released and its opening now points directly upwards. By releasing the brake on a drum, on to which the line is wound, the net is allowed to ascend rapidly, about 200 m/min, to sample the air. Finally, by pulling on the line the net is closed and slowly hauled down." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001568 ! collection net for adults created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T05:23:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001659 name: ground vehicle-mounted trap def: "Trap mounted to a ground vehicle to collect adult arthropods in general flight." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001657 ! vehicle-mounted trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T05:26:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001660 name: truck-mounted trap of Bidlingmeyer def: "Ground vehicle-mounted trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Bidlingmayer and mounted on a truck.\n\nCOMMENT:\nBidlingmayer designed a trap consisting of a pyramidal frame-work of 2 x 2 inches wood covered on the inside with glass fiber mesh screening. The opening is 2 ft high and 7 ft wide, and the trap tapers back, about 10 ft to end in a 4 x 4 inches opening. The leading edges are made of tempered hardboard. A projection about 15 inch long is attached to the top of the trap to support the end of the cloth collecting bag which is tied to the end of the trap. The trap is mounted a few inches above the roof of a vehicle with the front edge projecting over the windscreen. The vehicle is driven at 20 to 25 mph and at the end of a run, usually of several miles, the bag is quickly removed and replaced by an empty one." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001659 ! ground vehicle-mounted trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T05:29:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001661 name: truck-mounted trap of Loy def: "Ground vehicle-mounted trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Loy and mounted on a truck.\n\nCOMMENT:\nLoy designed a lightweight truck trap weighing less than 25 lb to enable it to be taken as personal baggage on passenger airlines. The trap was constructed of 3/4 inch aluminum tubing, and the opening of their final model was 5 ft wide and 2 ft high. To reduce the bulkiness of the trap, each of the longer sides was provided with a 2 ft removable section, held in position with sliding pins (split pins). When dismantled and folded the maximum dimensions were 1.5 x 2 ft. Nylon netting was used to make the pyramidal collecting funnel, but the anterior 12 inches into which the frame was sewn, was made from smooth fabric. A 4 inch diameter fabric sleeve was sewn into the apical opening of the trap and glued into a 4 inch diameter collecting tube. A standard CDC trap collecting bag was fitted over the other end of the collecting tube. The trap was mounted on top of a frame made of telescopic aluminium tubing. Suction cups and straps were used to secure the trap to the top of almost any vehicle. Guy ropes were attached from the top edge of the trap opening to a convenient structure on the vehicle to help hold the trap in position." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001659 ! ground vehicle-mounted trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T05:31:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001662 name: truck-mounted trap of Dyce def: "Ground vehicle-mounted trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Dyce and mounted on a truck.\n\nCOMMENT:\nDyce developed a truck trap with small sleeve-like terylene voile collecting bags mounted on top of a vehicle." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001659 ! ground vehicle-mounted trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T05:34:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001663 name: truck-mounted trap of Janousek and Olson def: "Ground vehicle-mounted trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Janousek and Olson and mounted on a truck.\n\nCOMMENT:\nJanousek and Olson used a funnel-shaped 16 mesh nylon net secured to the roof of a motor vehicle. The opening of the trap measured 122 x 76 cm, tapering to a 10 cm circular opening at the posterior end, where a collecting bag was attached." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001659 ! ground vehicle-mounted trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T05:35:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001664 name: truck-mounted trap of Grieco def: "Ground vehicle-mounted trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Grieco and mounted on a truck.\n\nCOMMENT:\nGrieco developed a truck trap where the frame of the net was constructed from 1/2 inch PVC tubing covered with green polyester netting, with a mesh size of 530 micrometers. The trap opening measured 4 ft by 3 ft and was positioned with the base of the opening 6 inches above the roof of the vehicle. A plastic funnel encased in a PVC pipe-coupler was fitted to the tapered end of the net. Collecting cups consisted of ice-cream containers with the bottoms removed and replaced with two alternating pieces of dental dam with single 1 inch slits cut in their centers. The constant forward motion of the vehicle created sufficient airflow to keep mosquitoes in the collection cup. The vehicle was driven at a speed of 10 mph along a one-mile section of road." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001659 ! ground vehicle-mounted trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T05:36:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001665 name: truck-mounted trap of Steelman def: "Ground vehicle-mounted trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Steelman and mounted on a truck.\n\nCOMMENT:\nSteelman constructed a lightweight trap weighing about 35 lb made from a framework of angular aluminum and covered with glass fiber netting. An 18 inch long sleeve at the end of their trap folded on itself when the vehicle stopped, thus preventing the catch escaping. The trap was used on a variety of motor vehicles, and also mounted on the front of a power boat." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001659 ! ground vehicle-mounted trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T05:39:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001666 name: truck-mounted trap of Sommerman and Simmet def: "Ground vehicle-mounted trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Sommerman and Simmet and mounted on a truck.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIn the truck trap of Sommerman and Simmet, there is a rectangular funnel opening 36 inches wide and 21 inches high, but because the catch is diverted down into the front of the vehicle the trap only extends backwards 21 inches. Because of this a single funnel is not suitable for catching and retaining the mosquitoes. Instead the opening is composed of 12 small rectangular funnels (7 x 9 inches, about 15 inches deep) having steep sides (76 to 78 degrees) and arranged in three rows. Mosquitoes collected in these separate funnels are conducted by 12 flexible plastic tubes into a funnel mounted vertically outside and just above the driver's window. A flexible tube from this concentrating funnel guides the mosquitoes into the collecting cage attached to the sun visor inside the vehicle." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001659 ! ground vehicle-mounted trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-05-31T05:41:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001668 name: truck-mounted trap of Roberts and Kumar def: "Ground vehicle-mounted trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Roberts and Kumar and mounted on a truck.\n\nCOMMENT:\nRoberts and Kumar used a 1 m high x 1.5 m wide x 2 m long net tapering to a 5 cm cylinder mounted on the roof of a vehicle to collect sandflies. A removable collecting bag was attached to the cylinder at the narrow end of the trap and the vehicle was driven at 40 km/h for 15 km along a road." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001659 ! ground vehicle-mounted trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T07:52:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001669 name: truck-mounted trap of Holbrook and Wuerthele def: "Ground vehicle-mounted trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Holbrook and Wuerthele and mounted on a truck.\n\nCOMMENT:\nHolbrook and Wuerthele constructed a lightweight (19 kg) portable vehicle-mounted trap. It was fixed in front of a vehicle to avoid turbulence caused by air passing over the front end of the car. The frame and supporting upright mounts fixing the trap to the front bumper are made of lightweight metal tubing about 1.9 cm in diameter. The forward and rearward sections of the trap are of light canvas. The 256 cm long middle section is made of fine mosquito netting with an entrance of 195 x 85 cm tapering to a 10 cm diameter opening at the rear which is connected to a removable 30 cm long netting bag. The longest section of the trap is 112 cm, and all parts are easily packed into a fabric carrying case." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001659 ! ground vehicle-mounted trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T07:55:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001670 name: bicycle-mounted trap def: "Ground vehicle-mounted trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Hill and mounted on a bicycle.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe bicycle-mounted trap of Hill consists of a 60 cm long wooden frame covered with fine wire mesh mosquito netting having an opening 50 cm square tapering to the rear end, which is 20 cm square. The trap is suspended from the luggage carrier of a bicycle and positioned adjacent to the rear wheel about 15-20 cm from the ground. Mosquitoes collected in the trap could not be forced into a collecting bag at its rear, consequently the catch was removed at the end of each run with a battery operated aspirator. Two modifications were suggested, namely that if the trap was mounted on the front wheel then a larger one could be used and there would be less turbulence around the mouth of the trap; secondly, if the trap was mounted on a small motorcycle it would be easier to handle and maintain at a constant speed." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001659 ! ground vehicle-mounted trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T07:58:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001671 name: air-borne vehicle-mounted trap def: "Trap mounted to an air-borne vehicle to collect adult arthropods in general flight." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001657 ! vehicle-mounted trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T08:04:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001672 name: remote-controlled plane-mounted trap of Gottwald and Tedders def: "Air-borne vehicle-mounted trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Gottwald and Tedders and mounted on a remote-controlled model plane.\n\nCOMMENT:\nGottwald and Tedders described a 2.04 m long model biplane having a 2.44 m wingspan which was powered by a 4 hp chainsaw motor, controlled in flight by a 7 channel FM radio. A conical 19 cm diameter, 35.6 cm long net, which could be opened and closed by remote ground control, was placed on either side of the fuselage between the upper and lower wings." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001671 ! air-borne vehicle-mounted trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T08:05:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001673 name: remote-controlled plane-mounted trap of Reling and Taylor def: "Air-borne vehicle-mounted trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Reling and Taylor and mounted on a remote-controlled model plane.\n\nCOMMENT:\nReling and Taylor described a collapsible 68.6 cm diameter net for trapping aerial populations that sampled some 647 cubic m of air/min. The net is inexpensive and can be fitted, with virtually no modification, to a light monoplane aircraft." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001671 ! air-borne vehicle-mounted trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T08:07:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001674 name: remote-controlled plane-mounted trap of Killick-Kendrick def: "Air-borne vehicle-mounted trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Killick-Kendrick and mounted on a remote-controlled model plane.\n\nCOMMENT:\nKillick-Kendrick described a radio-controlled model plane having a 4 stroke engine and wingspan of 2.2 m, and flown at heights of 10 to 39 m, equipped with a 155 cm diameter 12 cm long pod supporting 30 or 75 cm long gauze nets fixed under each wing." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001671 ! air-borne vehicle-mounted trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T08:09:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001675 name: sticky trap without attractant def: "Sticky trap to capture adult arthropods in general flight that operates without the use of an attractant. \n\nCOMMENT:\nA variety of sticky compounds have been used for sticky traps without attractant including commercial tree banding resins (Bentley's Tree Grease, Tanglefoot, Stop Moth, Stickem, Deadline, Tack Trap, etc), various greases, castor oil and other oils, mixtures of oils and greases and commercial sticky adhesives. Bird repellents such as Beacon and Roost-No-More have also been used on sticky insect traps.\n\nStrong described a very cheap and simple system for dipping cardboard, wooden or metal panels in adhesives to coat them. Adhesives could be applied to as many as 140 panels per hour. Sticky adhesives can be applied to flat, horizontal or vertical surfaces, e.g. glass plates, boards and screens. Such sticky traps are usually directional, but if mounted at right angles to a wind vane they will trap wind-borne insects. Furthermore if four sticky flat surfaces are mounted at right angles to each other then mosquitoes from all directions will be caught." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001676 ! sticky trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T08:12:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001676 name: sticky trap def: "Trap for adult arthropods in general flight, in which a sticky substance is included to capture arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nSticky traps can be divided into two basic types, attractant and non-attractant. A great variety of sticky compounds have been used to construct sticky traps, including commercial tree banding resins, various greases, castor oil and other oils, mixtures of oils and greases and commercial sticky adhesives." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001909 ! trap for adult arthropods in general flight created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T08:13:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001677 name: sticky entry-exit trap of Kay def: "Sticky entry-exit trap to collect adult arthropods in general flight, or emerging adults, from subterranean drainage systems designed by Kay.\n\nCOMMENT:\nKay developed a sticky entry-exit trap for sampling mosquitoes entering or exiting subterranean drainage systems in Australia. The trap was constructed from a 310 mm long section of 55 mm outside diameter polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe with a spring steel clip punch-riveted to the top. Red-colored sticky cardboard, with a 310 x 15.5 mm area of proprietary adhesive on 1 side, was inserted into the tube, with the adhesive facing inwards. One end of the trap was covered with gauze and two tubes were attached to the underside of a manhole cover. One trap was positioned with the open end facing downwards and with the gauze-covered end against the underside of the manhole cover, covering the keyhole. This acted as the exit trap. The second pipe trap was positioned with the open end against the underside of the manhole cover and the gauze-covered end facing downwards. This trap collected mosquitoes entering the sewer system through the keyholes in the manhole cover." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001678 ! sticky entry-exit trap is_a: VSMO:0001680 ! sticky emergence trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T08:22:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001678 name: sticky entry-exit trap def: "Sticky trap to capture adult arthropods in general flight that operates without the use of an attractant and targets\narthropods that move in and out of small openings. \n\nCOMMENT:\nUsed, for example, to capture arthropods from storm drain systems. These traps also can be used as sticky emergence traps, as they can be used to collect emerging adult arthropods." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001675 ! sticky trap without attractant created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T08:27:14Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001679 name: sticky entry-exit trap of Montgomery def: "Sticky entry-exit trap to collect adult arthropods in general flight, or emerging adults, from subsoil drain sumps designed by Montgomery.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMontgomery described a sticky entry-exit trap for subsoil drain sumps. The trap, termed a Sticky Emergent Adult Trap, or SEAT, consisted of a black plastic sheet with a hole in the center. A clear plastic cup (250 ml) with the bottom removed and replaced with a 1.0 x 0.5 mm mesh screen was inserted through the hole, forming an airtight seal. The mesh screen allowed for proper functioning of the drain. The black plastic sheet was held in place by the sump cover. A sheet of clear plastic cut to size was coated in isobutylene adhesive and wrapped around the outside surface of the plastic cup and secured in place using a single staple. Traps were left in place for 48 h before they were recovered and the sticky plastic sheet removed." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001678 ! sticky entry-exit trap is_a: VSMO:0001680 ! sticky emergence trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T08:27:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001680 name: sticky emergence trap def: "Emergence trap used to collect adult arthropods that emerge from a small opening leading to a water source.\n\nCOMMENT:\nSticky emergence traps, also called sticky entry-exit traps, have been developed specifically to collect arthropods that move in and out of small openings, for example to storm drain systems. These traps can be used to collect emerging arthropods as well as arthropods moving in and out of the habitat the trap is targeting." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001464 ! emergence trap enclosing a defined opening to a water source created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T08:35:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001681 name: sticky entry-exit trap of Provost def: "Sticky entry-exit trap to collect adult arthropods in general flight, or emerging adults, designed by Provost.\n\nCOMMENT:\nProvost described two sticky exit traps: (1) a 22 inches cylindrical nylon nets coated with an adhesive (1.5 lb amber gear grease, 12 pints No. 20 motor car oil and 1 pint mineral spirits) and (2) rectangular sections of mosquito netting mounted in 1 x 2 ft aluminum frames, coated on both surfaces with adhesive, and suspended in pairs at right angles to each other at heights of 10, 20 and 30 ft." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001678 ! sticky entry-exit trap is_a: VSMO:0001680 ! sticky emergence trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T08:36:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001682 name: suction trap def: "Trap for adult arthropods in general flight, in which suction action is used to capture arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nInsect suction traps measure the aerial density of insects at the site of the trap. Because they do not employ any attractant the differences between numbers of various insects caught should reflect their natural densities. Bidlingmayer and his colleagues have conducted several field experiments showing that their rather large L-shaped suction traps are visible to mosquitoes, as are surrounding bushes and trees. They concluded that trap catches are influenced by these visible cues. In addition to measuring absolute aerial densities suction traps can be used to study vertical distribution, diel flight activities, seasonal incidence, and flight direction. Because they are non-attractant, visual cues excepted, few mosquitoes will be caught in the traps when populations are low, consequently prolonged sampling may be necessary if statistically reliable numbers are to be obtained.\n\nTwo very different designs of suction traps have been mainly used to sample mosquitoes: (1) vertical models employing a 22.9 cm Vent- Axia fan and (2 much larger L-shaped traps in which the 24 in fan is mounted on its side." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001909 ! trap for adult arthropods in general flight created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T08:56:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001683 name: suction trap of Bidlingmayer def: "Suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Bidlingmayer.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe Bidlingmayer suction trap differs from the traps developed by Johnson and Taylor in having the fan mounted on its side, not vertically. The body of the trap is made of plywood over a wooden frame and is shaped like the letter L lying on its side. At the distal end of the section lying horizontal to the ground is a 24 inch diameter 1/4 h.p. fan with a displacement of about 216 000 cubic ft air/h. The intake of the trap, which measures 31 x 31 inches is situated 5 ft above the ground at the top of the short vertical section. Air drawn through the intake passes through a large mesh cone and is discharged through a metal tube attached at right angles to the cone. A cloth bag is fitted to the end of this metal tube to retain the mosquitoes, which in this trap do not pass through the fan blades. To prevent rain and debris entering the trap a clear plastic flat roof is positioned about 8 inches above the intake." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T08:58:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001684 name: exposed suction trap of Johnson and Taylor def: "Exposed suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Johnson and Taylor.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe suction trap of Johnson and Taylor (also called Johnson-Taylor exposed cone trap) includes a 22.9 cm diameter vertically mounted Vent-Axia fan, with the grill over the opening removed. It is important that an impeller-type fan is used, i.e. a fan with reversed blades, so that the air is sucked down into the trap and not blown out. The unit is mounted with the fan blades uppermost and the motor underneath. Attached to the bottom of the fan is a copper, or monel metal, 21 inches long cone made of 26 mesh gauze. Three equally spaced metal struts run down the outside of the cone and extend beyond it to hold in position the metal cylindrical casing that houses the collecting magazine. A central 24 inches long rust proof metal guide rod is bolted to the base of the motor casing and projects downwards through the mesh cone to extend about an inch beyond the bottom of the collecting magazine. A solenoid and disc release mechanism is mounted just beneath the motor. Each segregating disc is made of brass or stainless steel, is 1 1/4 inches in diameter and has a central collar 1/4 inch high and 5/16 inches in diameter to keep the discs apart. When a disc is released and falls down magazine ensuring that small insects are not missed but trapped between the central guide rod this fringe brushes against the walls of the collecting magazine ensuring that small insects are not missed but trapped between successive discs. The discs should be soaked in 1-3% pyrethrum solution or other killing agent. Insects are drawn into the trap by the fan and are gently blown down the collecting cone and deposited on to an oil film smeared on the upper exposed surface of the last fallen disc. They are killed by the killing agent and are sealed off by the next disc that descends the rod. The traps are operated from mains electricity and a control box allows the fans to work at slow, normal or boost speeds. Unless mosquito densities are high, traps are best operated on the fastest speed as this samples a greater volume of air. An electromagnetically operated time switch allows the discs to be released at pre-set time intervals." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T09:01:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001685 name: exposed simple Vent-Axia suction trap def: "Exposed suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight that includes a Vent-Axia fan.\n\nCOMMENT:\nWhen it is not necessary to divide the catch of mosquitoes into time intervals a much simpler suction trap than the Johnson and Taylor one, without any segregating mechanisms, can be used and the catch removed daily or at longer intervals. A simple but efficient suction trap can be constructed from a 6, 7.5, 9 or 12 inches Vent-Axia fan made for window mounting, at boost speeds these fans sample 12 000, 18 000, 30 000 and 62 000 cubic ft of air per h. First, the outer grill is removed, then any recesses or ledges near the fan blades are covered over and the fan unit inserted into a circular hole cut out from a piece of plywood. A monel gauze collecting cone is attached to the board underneath the fan and a small fine mesh bag is tied to the bottom of the cone to collect the mosquitoes. Two 1 inch holes are drilled at opposite ends of the board and lengths of 5/8 inch galvanized tubing inserted and pushed into the ground. By securing the board to the tubing by small adjustable clamps its height can be easily altered, thus allowing the trap to be used at various heights. Wire from the trap enters a control box, which allows the use of three fan speeds. Control boxes from a number of fans can be mounted within a waterproof metal box. A length of flexible tubing, having a diameter several inches larger than the base of the collecting cone, can be attached underneath the plywood board to enclose the cone and thus reduce the effect of cross-winds on sampling efficiency. However, if the trap is used in sheltered positions, such as near the ground or amongst the shelter of vegetation this may not be necessary. Trap inlets must be positioned near the ground to sample mosquitoes flying near the ground. In very dry areas this can be achieved by just digging a hole and lowering the trap into it, in which case care must be taken that the filtered air exhausted from the trap is conducted away from the fan inlet and not re-sampled, thereby reducing the sample volume." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap creation_date: 2010-06-01T09:46:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001686 name: enclosed 12 inch suction trap of Johnson and Taylor def: "Suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight, designed by Johnson and Taylor and including an enclosed 12 inch trap. \n\nCOMMENT:\nLarger and more powerful traps have been designed for sampling insects in exposed situations such as high up in the air where wind speeds are more likely to affect the sampling efficiency of the trap. Large enclosed traps have been described by Johnson and Taylor, the most useful being the enclosed 12 and 30 inch traps. The 12 inch trap has an aerofoil fan mounted in a 14 inch diameter, 4 ft long steel cylinder and delivers about twice the volume of air as the 12 inch Vent-Axia fan. Because insects get damaged if they pass through the fan blades of these high speed fans, the fan is positioned below the collecting cone and segregating device. An essential feature of the trap is that the collecting cone is enclosed within a cylindrical duct made either from sheet metal or rubberized fabric stretched over a light metal frame. By shielding the cones the effect of cross winds on sampling efficiency is greatly reduced." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T09:57:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001687 name: enclosed 30 inch suction trap of Johnson and Taylor def: "Suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight, designed by Johnson and Taylor and including an enclosed 30 inch trap. \n\nCOMMENT:\nLarger and more powerful traps have been designed for sampling insects in exposed situations such as high up in the air where wind speeds are more likely to affect the sampling efficiency of the trap. Large enclosed traps have been described by Johnson and Taylor, the most useful being the enclosed 12 and 30 inch traps. The larger 30 inch trap employs a 30 inch light-weight airscrew fan mounted in a 2.5-ft diameter, 7.5-ft long cylinder and delivers about five times the air as the 12-in aerofoil trap. Because insects get damaged if they pass through the fan blades of these high speed fans, the fan is positioned below the collecting cone and segregating device. An essential feature of the trap is that the collecting cone is enclosed within a cylindrical duct made either from sheet metal or rubberized fabric stretched over a light metal frame. By shielding the cones the effect of cross winds on sampling efficiency is greatly reduced." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T10:09:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001688 name: enclosed suction trap of Holzapfel and Harrell def: "Enclosed suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Holzapfel and Harrell.\n\nCOMMENT:\nHolzapfel and Harrell described a 90 cm diameter suction trap with a conical nitex funnel-shaped net surrounded by an aluminum cylinder. A 1 h.p. 1 phase electric motor operating a tube axial fan was placed below the collecting cone and displaced some 6800 cubic m air/h. Insects did not pass through the fan but collected in a vial held in place by a plastic receptacle which was removed by sliding it horizontally from the trap." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T10:16:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001689 name: enclosed suction trap of Allison and Pike def: "Enclosed suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Allison and Pike. \n\nCOMMENT:\nAllison and Pike describe a home-made enclosed type of suction trap having an 85 cm long, conical net leading to a collecting jar, both of which are enclosed within a 1.5 m length of 38 cm diameter PVC tubing. On top of this a 30 cm diameter 4 m length of PVC tubing is fixed to act as a chimney and sample insects about 8 m from the ground. A three-bladed fan attached to a motor draws the catch down into a collecting jar." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T10:19:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001690 name: Rothamsted insect survey trap def: "Suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight developed at Rothamsted Experimental Station. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThis trap was designed to enable insects to be sampled at considerable heights without having to construct any complex supporting mechanisms, such as a steel tower. It consists of a 30 ft tall, 10 inch diameter plastic chimney mounted on a 10 ft high, 30 in square wooden box, which contains a centrifugal fan at its base. This type of fan is chosen because it ensures an almost constant air intake in most wind speeds, and also when the gauze collecting cone at the bottom of the trap becomes partially blocked by dust and dirt. Insects sucked down the tall chimney are collected in a bottle attached to a collecting cone. To reduce the speed of insect impaction, which can be as much as 35 mph at the base of the trap, the cone has a large surface area. The trap samples 101 040 cubic ft air/h." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T10:22:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001691 name: directional suction trap of Horsfall def: "Suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Horsfall. \n\nCOMMENT:\nBecause stationary nets with vertical openings mainly collect mosquitoes flying with the wind Horsfall used directionally orientated suction traps to study flight direction. He constructed a group of four suction traps into a single unit. Each trap consisted of an 8 inch fan mounted at the top of a 10 inch diameter, 18 inch long cylinder, which had a copper mesh (14 x 18 meshes/inch) collecting cone at the base leading to a small collecting cage. A jointed and elbowed 10 inch diameter metal cylinder, with a flared opening 13 1/2 inches in diameter at right angles to the fan, was mounted on top of the trap. The openings of the four traps comprising a single unit faced different directions. Horsfall considered that when an 8 inch diameter fan was used insects were drawn into the traps from a distance of up to 6 inches from the openings. However, this obviously will depend, among other factors, on wind speed and insect size. Because of the limited distance from which mosquitoes were sucked into the traps Horsfall considered that those collected were mainly individuals flying towards the traps and consequently directional flight was measured. Trap construction could be simplified by using flexible tubing instead of a jointed metal cylinder; alternatively the traps could be positioned on their sides with their openings perpendicular to the ground." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T10:29:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001692 name: directional suction trap of Novak def: "Suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Novak. \n\nCOMMENT:\nNovak modified the Horsfall trap to study the vertical distribution of mosquitoes in a wood. The trap consisted of a 25.4 cm diameter metal cylinder elbowed at the top and flared to a 58.4 cm diameter intake, which was painted black with contrasting white stripes. A mesh screen funnel leading to a mesh collecting cylinder (14 x 18-mesh) having a removable screen end was positioned within the top of the straight section of tubing. A Dayton duct-type 28 cm diameter fan was mounted near the bottom of the tubing. Mosquitoes up to 25.4 cm from the intake were sucked into the trap and were not damaged by passing through the fan blades. To position traps at different heights in the wood a lead pellet (70 g) fitted to a spool of 36 kg nylon line was catapulted over a branch capable of supporting the 9 kg trap. The nylon line was then attached to a rope on which a pulley was mounted that allowed traps to be raised and lowered." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T10:32:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001693 name: directional suction trap of Snow def: "Suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Snow. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe directional suction trap of Snow has a 1.2 x 1.2 m entrance with an inclined floor of green plastic netting (Netlon) and sides and roof made of 1 cm mesh plastic netting, dyed dark green to minimize visual contrast. Mosquitoes are guided up this funnel-type entrance to a horizontally- mounted 22.9 cm Vent-Axia suction fan." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T10:34:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001694 name: suction trap of Koch def: "Suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Koch.\n\nCOMMENT:\nKoch described an inexpensive suction trap having a turntable device for separating catches of biting flies into hourly samples. Basically the trap consists of a 120 V 9 inch diameter 6-bladed duct fan attached to a 1/70 h.p. kitchen fan motor, secured in a short length of 12 inch diameter metal tubing. A bronze mesh cone underneath delivers the insects to collecting jars fixed under a notched turntable. A 2 lb lead weight tied to a rope advances the turntable when a solenoid causes a timer to close for about 15 s every hour, and this releases a sliding bar (slider bar) resting against one of the notches in the turntable. This trap is similar to the Johnson-Taylor trap, but with a different sorting mechanism." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T10:37:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001695 name: suction trap of Wainhouse def: "Suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Wainhouse.\n\nCOMMENT:\nWainhouse described a battery-operated suction trap for catching small insects that would also be suitable for mosquitoes. The fan consists of an Air-max type PR-Y4393 in an aluminum casing, 15.2 cm in internal diameter and 12 cm deep. The fan blades are inverted and the wires to the motor brushes switched to reverse the direction of rotation. A flared inlet made from a 5 cm strip cut from the top of a plastic funnel is fitted to the top of the fan housing. A 6 cm deep flange bolted to the bottom of the fan casing holds in position a nylon mesh cone tapering to a mesh collecting bag. The trap weighs about 1.6 kg. The fan has a 31 W motor and operates at 2900 rev/min from two 25-Amphr alkaline batteries connected in parallel, the combined weight of which is about 37 kg. The batteries run the trap for about 16 h. The volume of air sampled is in the 330-350 cubic m/h range." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T10:37:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001696 name: suction trap of Barnard and Mulla def: "Suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Barnard and Mulla.\n\nCOMMENT:\nBarnard and Mulla constructed an inexpensive and simple suction trap. It consists of a 36 inches long and 21 inch diameter galvanized metal cylinder supported on three 1/2 inch angle-iron legs, adjusted to position the top of the cylinder 54 inches from the ground. A 20 inch, 5 bladed fan attached to a 115 V, 2.6 A motor (McGraw-Edison model 7327) is mounted on a metal plate supported by three 1 inch wide metal arms in the lower part of the cylinder. The motor sucks air through the trap at the rate of 2600 cubic ft/min. A nylon netting cone is pulled over a metal band that is placed over the top of the trap, and a plastic vial with a mesh screen bottom is fixed with an elastic band on to the bottom of the cone. This is removed at the end of each sampling period." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T10:37:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001697 name: suction trap of Lumsden-Goma def: "Suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight designed by Lumsden and Goma.\n\nCOMMENT:\nGoma modified the suction trap developed by Lumsden for catching mosquitoes attracted to bait animals, by removing the transparent louvres at the sides to allow easier entry of mosquitoes. These modified traps without any bait were placed at ground level and on six platforms at 20 ft intervals on a steel tower.\n." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T10:38:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001698 name: modified New Jersey type suction trap def: "Suction trap for adult arthropods in general flight modified from a New Jersey light-trap.\n\nCOMMENT:\nNew Jersey light-traps have been converted into suction traps by painting them black and removing the light bulb and cover." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001682 ! suction trap created_by: leisen creation_date: 2010-06-01T10:39:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001700 name: Dugbe virus def: "A virus of Genus Nairovirus with the designation of Dugbe virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (Nairobi sheep disease) in humans (mild disease) and domestic animals (cattle and sheep). Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11595 is_a: VSMO:0001232 ! Nairovirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000370 ! viral hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000384 ! viral hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000626 ! Amblyomma variegatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000802 ! Rhipicephalus appendiculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002046 ! Hyalomma marginatum created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T09:42:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001707 name: Anaplasma platys def: "A bacterium of Genus Anaplasma with the species designation of platys.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (canine anaplasmosis) in dogs. Occurs in North America, Europe, and Asia." [ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Ehrlichia platys" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:949 is_a: VSMO:0001718 ! Anaplasma relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000326 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-07T09:52:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001708 name: Yersinia def: "Yersinia is a Genus of Bacteria.\n\nCOMMENT:\nYersinia is a Genus in Family Enterobacteriaceae of Order Enterobacteriales." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:629 is_a: VSMO:0000043 ! Bacteria created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:16:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001709 name: Rickettsia felis def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of felis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by fleas (including the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis). Causes disease (flea-borne spotted fever) in cats and humans. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:42862 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000303 ! bacterial flea borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000319 ! bacterial flea borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002193 ! Ctenocephalides felis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-07T11:44:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001710 name: Bartonella def: "Bartonella is a Genus of Bacteria.\n\nCOMMENT:\nBartonella is a Genus in the Family Bartonellaceae of order Rickettsiales." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:773 is_a: VSMO:0000043 ! Bacteria created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:19:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001711 name: Rickettsia parkeri def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of parkeri.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (tick-borne spotted fever) in humans. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:35792 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-07T11:57:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001712 name: Francisella def: "Francisella is a Genus of Bacteria.\n\nCOMMENT:\nFrancisella is a Genus in Family Francisellaceae of Order Thiotrichales." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:262 is_a: VSMO:0000043 ! Bacteria created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:22:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001713 name: Rickettsia africae def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of africae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (African tick-bite fever, South African tick typhus) in humans. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:35788 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000626 ! Amblyomma variegatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000815 ! Amblyomma hebraeum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002017 ! Amblyomma lepidum created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-07T12:14:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001714 name: Coxiella def: "Coxiella is a Genus of Bacteria.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCoxiella is a Genus in Family Coxiellaceae of Order Legionellales." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:776 is_a: VSMO:0000043 ! Bacteria created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:24:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001715 name: Rickettsia honei def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of honei.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (Flinders Island spotted fever) in humans. Occurs in Australia and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:] xref: NCBITaxon:37816 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002047 ! Ixodes granulatus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-07T12:20:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001716 name: Rickettsia def: "Rickettsia is a Genus of Bacteria.\n\nCOMMENT:\nRickettsia is a Genus in Family Rickettsiaceae of Order Rickettsiales." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:780 is_a: VSMO:0000043 ! Bacteria created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:26:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001717 name: Rickettsia slovaca def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of slovaca.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (tick-borne lymphadenitis) in humans. Occurs in Europe." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:] xref: NCBITaxon:35794 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000793 ! Dermacentor marginatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002019 ! Dermacentor reticulatus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-07T12:22:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001718 name: Anaplasma def: "Anaplasma is a Genus of Bacteria.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAnaplasma is a Genus in Family Anaplasmataceae of Order Rickettsiales." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:768 is_a: VSMO:0000043 ! Bacteria created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:28:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001719 name: Ehrlichia def: "Ehrlichia is a Genus of Bacteria.\n\nCOMMENT:\nEhrlichia is a Genus in Family Anaplasmataceae of Order Rickettsiales." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:943 is_a: VSMO:0000043 ! Bacteria created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:29:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001720 name: Orientia def: "Orientia is a Genus of Bacteria.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOrientia is a Genus in Family Rickettsiaceae of Order Rickettsiales." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:69474 is_a: VSMO:0000043 ! Bacteria created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:31:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001721 name: Rickettsia helvetica def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of helvetica.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (tick-borne spotted fever) in humans. Occurs in Europe." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:35789 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-07T12:25:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001722 name: Bartonella bacilliformis def: "A bacterium of Genus Bartonella with the species designation of bacilliformis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (Carrion disease) in humans. Carrion disease has two distinct clinical forms: Verruga peruana and the more severe Oroyo fever. Occurs in South America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:774 is_a: VSMO:0001710 ! Bartonella relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000306 ! bacterial phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000850 ! Lutzomyia peruensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002144 ! Lutzomyia verrucarum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002310 ! Lutzomyia columbiana created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:39:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001723 name: Bartonella henselae def: "A bacterium of Genus Bartonella with the species designation of henselae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by fleas (the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis) and possibly also hard ticks. Causes disease (cat scratch disease) in humans. The bacterium also is transmitted via direct contact with infected cats. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Rochalimaea henselae" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:38323 is_a: VSMO:0001710 ! Bartonella relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000303 ! bacterial flea borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000319 ! bacterial flea borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002193 ! Ctenocephalides felis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:39:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001724 name: Bartonella quintana def: "A bacterium of Genus Bartonella with the species designation of quintana.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by the body louse (Pediculus humanus humanus). Causes disease (trench fever) in humans. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Rochalimaea quintana" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:803 is_a: VSMO:0001710 ! Bartonella relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000304 ! bacterial louse borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000602 ! Pediculus humanus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:39:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001725 name: Coxiella burnetii def: "A bacterium of Genus Coxiella with the species designation of burnetii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks, fleas and possibly also soft ticks. Also transmitted via infected fluids, inhalation of dried feces or direct contact with infected animals (for example sheep). Causes disease (Q fever) in humans. Occurs in North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Rickettsia burnetii" RELATED [] xref: NCBITaxon:777 is_a: VSMO:0001714 ! Coxiella relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000303 ! bacterial flea borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000580 ! Ornithodoros turicata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000581 ! Ornithodoros moubata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000593 ! Ornithodoros erraticus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000624 ! Amblyomma americanum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000626 ! Amblyomma variegatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000628 ! Dermacentor andersoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000633 ! Ixodes holocyclus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000793 ! Dermacentor marginatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000804 ! Rhipicephalus bursa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000823 ! Haemaphysalis longicornis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000826 ! Hyalomma truncatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002019 ! Dermacentor reticulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002024 ! Haemaphysalis leachi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002049 ! Rhipicephalus pumilio relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002050 ! Rhipicephalus turanicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002055 ! Rhipicephalus microplus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002262 ! Hyalomma dromedarii created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:40:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001726 name: Anaplasma marginale def: "A bacterium of Genus Anaplasma with the species designation of marginale.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks and tabanid flies (mechanical transmission only for tabanid flies). Causes disease (bovine anaplasmosis) in cattle. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:770 is_a: VSMO:0001718 ! Anaplasma relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000326 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000628 ! Dermacentor andersoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000629 ! Dermacentor variabilis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000781 ! Argas persicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000794 ! Dermacentor occidentalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000804 ! Rhipicephalus bursa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000805 ! Rhipicephalus capensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000806 ! Rhipicephalus evertsi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000825 ! Haemaphysalis punctata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000827 ! Hyalomma anatolicum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002046 ! Hyalomma marginatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002054 ! Rhipicephalus annulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002055 ! Rhipicephalus microplus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002056 ! Rhipicephalus decoloratus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002061 ! Dermacentor nitens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002069 ! Rhipicephalus simus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002434 ! Dermacentor albipictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002435 ! Dermacentor hunteri created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:42:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001727 name: Anaplasma phagocytophilum def: "A bacterium of Genus Anaplasma with the species designation of phagocytophilum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease in humans (human granulocytic anaplasmosis, human granulocytic ehrlichiosis) and domestic animals including dogs, cats, cattle and sheep. Occurs in North America, Europe, and Asia." [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Cytocetes phagocytophila" EXACT [] synonym: "Ehrlichia equi" EXACT [] synonym: "Ehrlichia phagocytophila" EXACT [] synonym: "Rickettsia phagocytophila" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:948 is_a: VSMO:0001718 ! Anaplasma relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000326 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000546 ! Ixodes pacificus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000631 ! Ixodes scapularis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000799 ! Ixodes persulcatus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:42:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001728 name: Anaplasma ovis def: "A bacterium of Genus Anaplasma with the species designation of ovis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (anaplasmosis) in sheep and goats. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:142058 is_a: VSMO:0001718 ! Anaplasma relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000326 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000628 ! Dermacentor andersoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000629 ! Dermacentor variabilis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000793 ! Dermacentor marginatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000794 ! Dermacentor occidentalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002019 ! Dermacentor reticulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002020 ! Dermacentor silvarum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002434 ! Dermacentor albipictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002435 ! Dermacentor hunteri created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:42:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001729 name: Anaplasma centrale def: "A bacterium of Genus Anaplasma with the species designation of centrale.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (bovine anaplasmosis) in cattle. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:769 is_a: VSMO:0001718 ! Anaplasma relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000326 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000825 ! Haemaphysalis punctata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002069 ! Rhipicephalus simus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:42:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001730 name: Ehrlichia chaffeensis def: "A bacterium of Genus Ehrlichia with the species designation of chaffeensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease in humans (human monocytic ehrlichiosis) and dogs. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:945 is_a: VSMO:0001719 ! Ehrlichia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000326 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000624 ! Amblyomma americanum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000629 ! Dermacentor variabilis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:45:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001731 name: Ehrlichia canis def: "A bacterium of Genus Ehrlichia with the species designation of canis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (canine ehrlichiosis) in dogs. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:944 is_a: VSMO:0001719 ! Ehrlichia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000326 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000624 ! Amblyomma americanum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000629 ! Dermacentor variabilis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:45:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001732 name: Rickettsia aeschlimannii def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of aeschlimannii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (tick-borne spotted fever) in humans. Occurs in Europe, Africa, and Asia." [ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:45262 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000802 ! Rhipicephalus appendiculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002046 ! Hyalomma marginatum created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-07T12:25:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001733 name: Rickettsia heilongjiangensis def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of heilongjiangensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (tick-borne spotted fever) in humans. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:1555812384\:] xref: NCBITaxon:226665 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002020 ! Dermacentor silvarum created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-07T12:25:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001735 name: Ehrlichia ewingii def: "A bacterium of Genus Ehrlichia with the species designation of ewingii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease in dogs (canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis) and, on rare occasions, in humans. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:947 is_a: VSMO:0001719 ! Ehrlichia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000326 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000624 ! Amblyomma americanum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:46:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001736 name: Ehrlichia ruminantium def: "A bacterium of Genus Ehrlichia with the species designation of ruminantium.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (heartwater) in domestic animals including cattle, sheep, and goats. Occurs in Africa and the Caribbean." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Cowdria ruminantium" EXACT [] synonym: "Rickettsia ruminantium" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:779 is_a: VSMO:0001719 ! Ehrlichia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000326 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000625 ! Amblyomma cajennense relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000626 ! Amblyomma variegatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000815 ! Amblyomma hebraeum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000816 ! Amblyomma maculatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002017 ! Amblyomma lepidum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002064 ! Amblyomma gemma relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002068 ! Amblyomma cohaerens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002437 ! Amblyomma pomposum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002438 ! Amblyomma marmoreum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002439 ! Amblyomma astrion created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:47:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001737 name: Orientia tsutsugamushi def: "A bacterium of Genus Orientia with the species designation of tsutsugamushi.\n\nCOMMENT: \nTransmitted by trombiculid mites. Causes disease (scrub typhus) in humans. Occurs in Asia, Australia, and the Pacific islands." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Rickettsia tsutsugamushi" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:784 is_a: VSMO:0001720 ! Orientia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000312 ! bacterial mite borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000618 ! Leptotrombidium arenicola relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000832 ! Leptotrombidium akamushi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000833 ! Leptotrombidium pavlovskyi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000834 ! Leptotrombidium deliense relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000835 ! Leptotrombidium fletcheri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001993 ! Leptotrombidium pallidum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001994 ! Leptotrombidium scutellare relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001995 ! Leptotrombidium imphalum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001996 ! Leptotrombidium chiangraiensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002475 ! Leptotrombidium kawamurai relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002476 ! Leptotrombidium tosa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002477 ! Leptotrombidium palpale created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:48:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001738 name: Rickettsia prowazekii def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of prowazekii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by the human body louse (Pediculus humanus). Causes disease (louse-borne typhus, epidemic typhus) in humans. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:782 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000304 ! bacterial louse borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000602 ! Pediculus humanus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:50:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001739 name: Rickettsia typhi def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of typhi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by fleas. Causes disease (flea-borne typhus, murine typhus, endemic typhus) in humans. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Rickettsia mooseri" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:785 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000303 ! bacterial flea borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002104 ! Xenopsylla cheopis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002193 ! Ctenocephalides felis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002194 ! Pulex irritans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002195 ! Xenopsylla astia relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002196 ! Xenopsylla brasiliensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002197 ! Echidnophaga gallinaceus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002198 ! Nosopsyllus fasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002199 ! Leptopsylla segnis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002224 ! Ceratophyllus anisus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002308 ! Xenopsylla bantorum created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:50:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001740 name: Rickettsia rickettsii def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of rickettsii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Experimental transmission also has been documented with the human body louse. Causes disease (Rocky Mountain spotted fever) in humans. Occurs in the Americas." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Dermacentroxenus rickettsii" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:783 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000602 ! Pediculus humanus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000625 ! Amblyomma cajennense relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000628 ! Dermacentor andersoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000629 ! Dermacentor variabilis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:50:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001741 name: Rickettsia sibirica def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of sibirica.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease in humans. Recognized subtypes of Rickettsia sibirica include Rickettsia sibirica sensu stricto (Siberian tick typhus, North Asian tick typhus) and Rickettsia sibirica mongolotimonae (lymphangitis-associated rickettsiosis). Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:35793 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000793 ! Dermacentor marginatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000825 ! Haemaphysalis punctata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002018 ! Dermacentor nuttalli relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002019 ! Dermacentor reticulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002020 ! Dermacentor silvarum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002021 ! Haemaphysalis concinna relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002023 ! Haemaphysalis japonica relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002044 ! Hyalomma asiaticum created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:50:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001742 name: Rickettsia conorii def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of conorii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Experimental transmission also has been documented with the human body louse. Causes disease in humans. Recognized subtypes of Rickettsia conorii include Rickettsia conorii conorii (Mediterranean spotted fever, Boutonneuse fever), Rickettsia conorii israelensis (Israeli spotted fever) and Rickettsia conorii caspica (Astrakhan fever). Occurs in Europe, Asia, and Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:781 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000602 ! Pediculus humanus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000626 ! Amblyomma variegatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000793 ! Dermacentor marginatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000802 ! Rhipicephalus appendiculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000806 ! Rhipicephalus evertsi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000809 ! Rhipicephalus pulchellus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000815 ! Amblyomma hebraeum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000826 ! Hyalomma truncatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002017 ! Amblyomma lepidum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002019 ! Dermacentor reticulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002024 ! Haemaphysalis leachi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002046 ! Hyalomma marginatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002047 ! Ixodes granulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002049 ! Rhipicephalus pumilio relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002050 ! Rhipicephalus turanicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002069 ! Rhipicephalus simus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:50:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001743 name: Rickettsia australis def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of australis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (Queensland tick typhus) in humans. Occurs in Australia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:787 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000633 ! Ixodes holocyclus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002440 ! Ixodes tasmani relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002441 ! Ixodes cornuatus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:50:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001744 name: Rickettsia japonica def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of japonica.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (Japanese spotted fever) in humans. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:35790 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000823 ! Haemaphysalis longicornis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002022 ! Haemaphysalis flava relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002048 ! Ixodes ovatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002052 ! Dermacentor taiwanensis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:50:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001745 name: Rickettsia akari def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of akari.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by a trombiculid mite (Liponyssoides sanguineus). Causes disease (rickettsialpox) in humans. Occurs in North America and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:786 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000312 ! bacterial mite borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001992 ! Liponyssoides sanguineus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:50:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001746 name: Borrelia garinii def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of garinii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (Lyme borreliosis, Lyme disease) in humans. Member of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species complex. Occurs in Europe and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:29519 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000799 ! Ixodes persulcatus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:56:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001747 name: Borrelia afzelii def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of afzelii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (Lyme borreliosis, Lyme disease) in humans. Member of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species complex. Occurs in Europe and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:29518 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000799 ! Ixodes persulcatus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:56:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001748 name: Borrelia bissettii def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of bissettii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (Lyme borreliosis, Lyme disease) in humans on rare occasions Member of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species complex. Occurs in Europe and North America." [ISBN:1555812384\:] xref: NCBITaxon:64897 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000546 ! Ixodes pacificus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000801 ! Ixodes spinipalpis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:56:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001749 name: Borrelia spielmanii def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of spielmanii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (Lyme borreliosis, Lyme disease) in humans on rare occasions. Member of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species complex. Occurs in Europe." [ISBN:1555812384\:] xref: NCBITaxon:88916 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:56:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001750 name: Borrelia recurrentis def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of recurrentis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by the body louse (Pediculus humanus humanus). Causes disease (louse-borne relapsing fever) in humans. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:44449 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000304 ! bacterial louse borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000602 ! Pediculus humanus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:56:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001751 name: Borrelia duttonii def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of duttonii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by a soft tick (Ornithodoros moubata). Causes disease (relapsing fever) in humans. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:40834 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000311 ! bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000581 ! Ornithodoros moubata created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:56:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001752 name: Borrelia hispanica def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of hispanica.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by a soft tick (Ornithodoros erraticus). Causes disease (relapsing fever) in humans. Occurs in Europe and Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:40835 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000311 ! bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000593 ! Ornithodoros erraticus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002016 ! Ornithodoros marocanus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:56:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001753 name: Borrelia crocidurae def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of crocidurae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by soft ticks. Causes disease (relapsing fever) in humans. Occurs in Europe, Africa, and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:29520 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000311 ! bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000593 ! Ornithodoros erraticus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002010 ! Ornithodoros sonrai relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002014 ! Ornithodoros graingeri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002015 ! Ornithodoros alactagalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002443 ! Ornithodoros savignyi created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:56:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001754 name: Borrelia persica def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of persica.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by a soft tick (Ornithodoros tholozani). Causes disease (relapsing fever) in humans. Occurs in Africa and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:44448 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000311 ! bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002006 ! Ornithodoros tholozani created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:56:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001755 name: Borrelia caucasica def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of caucasica.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by a soft tick (Ornithodoros verrucosus). Causes disease (relapsing fever) in humans. Occurs in Europe and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000311 ! bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002004 ! Ornithodoros asperus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:56:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001756 name: Borrelia hermsii def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of hermsii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by a soft tick (Ornithodoros hermsi). Causes disease (relapsing fever) in humans. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:140 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000311 ! bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000578 ! Ornithodoros hermsi created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:56:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001757 name: Borrelia turicatae def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of turicatae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by a soft tick (Ornithodoros turicata). Causes disease (relapsing fever) in humans. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:142 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000311 ! bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000580 ! Ornithodoros turicata created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:56:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001758 name: Borrelia parkeri def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of parkeri.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by a soft tick (Ornithodoros parkeri). Causes disease (relapsing fever) in humans. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:141 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000311 ! bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000579 ! Ornithodoros parkeri created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:56:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001759 name: Borrelia mazzottii def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of mazzottii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by a soft tick (Ornithodoros talaje). Causes disease (relapsing fever) in humans. Occurs in the Americas." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000311 ! bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002003 ! Carios talaje created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:56:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001760 name: Borrelia venezuelensis def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of venezuelensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by a soft tick (Ornithodoros rudis). Causes disease (relapsing fever) in humans. Occurs in Central America and South America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000311 ! bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002002 ! Carios rudis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T03:56:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001761 name: Borrelia latyschewii def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of latyschewii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by a soft tick (Ornithodoros tartakovskyi). Causes disease (relapsing fever) in humans. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:1027767 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000311 ! bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002005 ! Ornithodoros tartakovskyi created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T04:06:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001762 name: Borrelia anserina def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of anserina.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by soft ticks. Causes disease (avian borreliosis, avian spirochetosis) in domestic birds including chickens, ducks and geese. Occurs in southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Americas." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:143 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000327 ! bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000581 ! Ornithodoros moubata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000781 ! Argas persicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001997 ! Argas arboreus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001998 ! Argas walkerae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001999 ! Argas sanchezi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002000 ! Argas miniatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002001 ! Argas reflexus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002433 ! Argas africolumbae created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T04:06:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001763 name: Borrelia coriaceae def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of coriaceae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPossibly transmitted by a soft tick (Ornithodoros coriaceus). Causes bovine abortion. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:144 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000327 ! bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of domestic animal created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T04:06:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001764 name: Borrelia valaisiana def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of valaisiana.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (Lyme borreliosis, Lyme disease) in humans on rare occasions. Member of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species complex. Occurs in Europe and Asia." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:62088 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-07T02:43:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001765 name: Leucocytozoon caulleryi def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Leucocytozoon with the species designation of caulleryi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges. Causes disease (leucocytozoonosis) in poultry. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:211597 is_a: VSMO:0001252 ! Leucocytozoon relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000346 ! protozoan biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002269 ! Culicoides arakawae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002270 ! Culicoides festivipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002271 ! Culicoides schultzei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002341 ! Culicoides guttifer relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002342 ! Culicoides circumscriptus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-08T08:08:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001766 name: Borrelia theileri def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of theileri.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (tick spirochetosis) in cattle and horses . Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:43082 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000326 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000806 ! Rhipicephalus evertsi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002054 ! Rhipicephalus annulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002055 ! Rhipicephalus microplus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002056 ! Rhipicephalus decoloratus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T04:06:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001767 name: Leucocytozoon simondi def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Leucocytozoon with the species designation of simondi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by blackflies. Causes disease (leucocytozoonosis) in domestic ducks and geese. Occurs in North America, Asia, and Europe." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:195948 is_a: VSMO:0001252 ! Leucocytozoon relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000347 ! protozoan blackfly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000092 ! Simulium innocens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000099 ! Simulium fallisi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002245 ! Simulium vittatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002343 ! Simulium anatinum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002345 ! Simulium rendalense relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002346 ! Simulium rugglesi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002347 ! Simulium usovae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002348 ! Simulium venustum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002349 ! Cnephia ornithophilia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-08T08:09:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001769 name: Yersinia pestis def: "A bacterium of Genus Yersinia with the species designation of pestis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by fleas. Human infection also can result from direct contact with infected animals. Causes disease (plague) in humans and domestic animals including cats. Occurs in North America, Asia, and Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Bacillus pestis" EXACT [] synonym: "Bacterium pestis" EXACT [] synonym: "Pasteurella pestis" EXACT [] synonym: "Pestisella pestis" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:632 is_a: VSMO:0001708 ! Yersinia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000303 ! bacterial flea borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002104 ! Xenopsylla cheopis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002193 ! Ctenocephalides felis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002194 ! Pulex irritans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002195 ! Xenopsylla astia relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002196 ! Xenopsylla brasiliensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002197 ! Echidnophaga gallinaceus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002198 ! Nosopsyllus fasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002199 ! Leptopsylla segnis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002200 ! Aetheca wagneri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002201 ! Eumolpianus eumolpi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002202 ! Epitedia wenmanni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002203 ! Hoplopsyllus anomalus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002204 ! Hystrichopsylla linsdalei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002205 ! Malaraeus telchinum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002206 ! Megabothris abantis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002207 ! Opisodasys nesiotis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002208 ! Thrassis acamantis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002209 ! Thrassis arizonensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002210 ! Thrassis bacchi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002211 ! Thrassis fotus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002212 ! Thrassis francisi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002213 ! Thrassis pandorae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002214 ! Polygenis gwyni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002215 ! Pleochaetis exilis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002216 ! Orchopeus sexdentatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002217 ! Oropsylla bruneri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002218 ! Oropsylla hirsuta relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002219 ! Oropsylla idahoensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002220 ! Oropsylla labis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002221 ! Oropsylla montana relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002222 ! Oropsylla rupestris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002223 ! Oropsylla tuberculata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002265 ! Ctenocephalides canis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002266 ! Xenopsylla philoxera relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002267 ! Xenopsylla buxtoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002268 ! Xenopsylla hawaiiensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002383 ! Xenopsylla conformis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002385 ! Xenopsylla gerbilli relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002386 ! Xenopsylla hirtipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002387 ! Xenopsylla nuttalli relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002390 ! Xenopsylla skrjabini relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002397 ! Rhadinopsylla cedestis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002399 ! Rhadinopsylla ventricosa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002402 ! Polygenis litargus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002404 ! Dinopsyllus ellobius relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002405 ! Ctenophthalmus bacopus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002406 ! Ctenophthalmus cabirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002407 ! Dinopsyllus lypusus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002408 ! Ctenophthalmus phyris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002409 ! Synosternus cleopatrae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002410 ! Xenopsylla ramesis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002411 ! Xenopsylla nubica relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002412 ! Xenopsylla taractes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002413 ! Nosopsyllus henleyi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002414 ! Stenoponia tripectinata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002415 ! Ceratophyllus caspius relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002416 ! Ceratophyllus laeviceps relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002417 ! Ceratophyllus lebedwi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002418 ! Ceratophyllus tesquorum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002419 ! Ctenophthalmus teres relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002420 ! Ctenophthalmus wladimiri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002421 ! Frontopsylla luculenta relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002422 ! Neopsylla setosa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002423 ! Oropsylla silantiewi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002424 ! Amphipsylla primaries relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002425 ! Callopsylla dolabris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002426 ! Citellophilus tesquorum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002427 ! Citellophilus sungaris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002428 ! Ctenophthalmus quadratus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002429 ! Neopsylla pleskei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002430 ! Neopsylla specialis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002431 ! Nosopsyllus laeviceps relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002432 ! Rhadinopsylla li created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T04:11:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001770 name: Francisella tularensis def: "A bacterium of Genus Francisella with the species designation of tularensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks and deer flies (mechanical transmission only for deer flies). Human infection also can result from ingestion of infected water, inhalation of dried feces, or direct contact with infected animals (for example skinning of rabbits). Causes disease (tularemia) in humans and domestic animals including cats. Occurs in North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia. \n\nFour biovars of F. tularensis have been recognized. F. tularensis holarctica (F. tularensis palearctica, Type B) is distributed across the northern hemisphere and generally associated with mild forms of tularemia in humans. The more virulent F. tularensis tularensis (Type A) is widespread in North America and was recently reported from Europe. The remaining two biovars, F. tularensis mediasiatica and F. tularensis novicida, have more limited geographical distributions; the former occurs in Central Asia and the latter is known only from parts of the U.S. and, based on a single human case, from Australia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Bacterium tularenses" EXACT [] synonym: "Brucella tularensis" EXACT [] synonym: "Pasteurella tularensis" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:263 is_a: VSMO:0001712 ! Francisella relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000326 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000624 ! Amblyomma americanum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000628 ! Dermacentor andersoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000629 ! Dermacentor variabilis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000631 ! Ixodes scapularis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000793 ! Dermacentor marginatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000794 ! Dermacentor occidentalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000799 ! Ixodes persulcatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002018 ! Dermacentor nuttalli relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002019 ! Dermacentor reticulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002021 ! Haemaphysalis concinna relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002022 ! Haemaphysalis flava relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002046 ! Hyalomma marginatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002048 ! Ixodes ovatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002049 ! Rhipicephalus pumilio created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-06T04:12:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001771 name: Aegyptianella pullorum def: "A bacterium of Genus Aegyptianella with the species designation of pullorum.\n\nCOMMENT: \nTransmitted by soft ticks. Causes disease (aegyptianellosis, fowl disease) in chickens and other domestic birds. Occurs in Africa, Asia, and southern Europe." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:203862 is_a: VSMO:0001772 ! Aegyptianella relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000327 ! bacterial soft tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000581 ! Ornithodoros moubata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000781 ! Argas persicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001997 ! Argas arboreus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001998 ! Argas walkerae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002433 ! Argas africolumbae created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-07T09:02:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001772 name: Aegyptianella def: "Aegyptianella is a Genus of Bacteria.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAegyptianella is a Genus in the Family Bartonellaceae of order Rickettsiales." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:203861 is_a: VSMO:0000043 ! Bacteria created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-07T09:02:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001784 name: Leucocytozoon smithi def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Leucocytozoon with the species designation of smithi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by blackflies. Causes disease (leucocytozoonosis) in turkeys. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] is_a: VSMO:0001252 ! Leucocytozoon relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000347 ! protozoan blackfly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000118 ! Simulium croxtoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002350 ! Simulium aureum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002351 ! Simulium congareenarum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002352 ! Simulium jenningsi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002353 ! Simulium meridionale relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002354 ! Simulium slossonae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002474 ! Simulium pictipes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-08T08:09:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001785 name: Babesia perroncitoi def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of perroncitoi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nLikely transmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (babesiosis) in pigs. Occurs in southern Europe and Africa." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693] is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000635 ! Rhipicephalus sanguineus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-08T09:19:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001786 name: Babesia felis def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of felis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (feline babesiosis) in cats. Occurs in Asia and Africa." [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:1402014139] xref: NCBITaxon:124135 is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-08T09:25:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001787 name: Leishmania infantum def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of infantum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (visceral leishmaniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans and dogs. Occurs in Europe, Africa, and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5671 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000351 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000564 ! Phlebotomus ariasi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000839 ! Phlebotomus longiductus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000840 ! Phlebotomus sichuanensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000842 ! Phlebotomus smirnovi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000854 ! Lutzomyia longipalpis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002107 ! Phlebotomus alexandri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002111 ! Phlebotomus brevis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002112 ! Phlebotomus chinensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002113 ! Phlebotomus halepensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002114 ! Phlebotomus kandelakii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002115 ! Phlebotomus langeroni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002116 ! Phlebotomus longicuspis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002117 ! Phlebotomus neglectus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002118 ! Phlebotomus perfiliewi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002119 ! Phlebotomus perniciosus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002120 ! Phlebotomus tobbi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002121 ! Phlebotomus transcaucasicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002125 ! Phlebotomus duboscqi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002137 ! Lutzomyia evansi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002315 ! Lutzomyia cruzi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002540 ! Phlebotomus balcanicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002545 ! Phlebotomus syriacus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002547 ! Phlebotomus galilaeus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002552 ! Lutzomyia almerioi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002553 ! Lutzomyia salesi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002560 ! Lutzomyia pseudolongipalpis creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001788 name: Leishmania killicki def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of killicki.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:40286 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000844 ! Phlebotomus sergenti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000845 ! Phlebotomus papatasi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002107 ! Phlebotomus alexandri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002122 ! Phlebotomus chaubadi creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001789 name: Leishmania major def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of major.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans. Occurs in Africa and Asia" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5664 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000843 ! Phlebotomus mongolensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000845 ! Phlebotomus papatasi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000846 ! Phlebotomus salehi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002107 ! Phlebotomus alexandri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002113 ! Phlebotomus halepensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002123 ! Phlebotomus ansarii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002124 ! Phlebotomus caucasicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002125 ! Phlebotomus duboscqi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002541 ! Phlebotomus bergeroti creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001790 name: Leishmania tropica def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of tropica.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (visceral leishmaniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans and dogs. Occurs in Africa and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5666 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000351 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000844 ! Phlebotomus sergenti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002113 ! Phlebotomus halepensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002122 ! Phlebotomus chaubadi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002126 ! Phlebotomus aculeatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002127 ! Phlebotomus guggisbergi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002273 ! Phlebotomus rossi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002543 ! Phlebotomus saevus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002544 ! Phlebotomus arabicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002546 ! Phlebotomus grovei creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001791 name: Leishmania amazonensis def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of amazonensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans. Occurs in South America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5659 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000854 ! Lutzomyia longipalpis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000857 ! Lutzomyia flaviscutellata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002312 ! Lutzomyia nuneztovari relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002313 ! Lutzomyia reducta creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001792 name: Leishmania braziliensis def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of braziliensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans and dogs. Occurs in Central America and South America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5660 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000351 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000848 ! Lutzomyia trapidoi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000853 ! Lutzomyia gomezi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000855 ! Lutzomyia migonei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000858 ! Lutzomyia intermedia relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000860 ! Lutzomyia whitmani relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000861 ! Lutzomyia ylephiletor relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000862 ! Lutzomyia pessoai relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000863 ! Lutzomyia amazonensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000864 ! Lutzomyia ayrozai relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000865 ! Lutzomyia complexa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000866 ! Lutzomyia llanosmartinsi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002129 ! Lutzomyia carrerrai relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002130 ! Lutzomyia ovallesi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002131 ! Lutzomyia panamensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002132 ! Lutzomyia paraensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002133 ! Lutzomyia spinicrassa relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002134 ! Lutzomyia trinidadensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002135 ! Lutzomyia wellcomei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002136 ! Lutzomyia yucumensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002138 ! Lutzomyia youngi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002310 ! Lutzomyia columbiana relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002312 ! Lutzomyia nuneztovari relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002314 ! Lutzomyia townsendi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002548 ! Lutzomyia neivai relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002549 ! Lutzomyia shawi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002551 ! Lutzomyia edwardsi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002554 ! Lutzomyia pia relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002556 ! Lutzomyia cruciata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002558 ! Lutzomyia tejadai relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002559 ! Lutzomyia pescei creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001793 name: Leishmania chagasi def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of chagasi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (visceral leishmaniasis) in humans and dogs. Occurs in Central America and South America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:44271 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000351 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000854 ! Lutzomyia longipalpis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002128 ! Lutzomyia olmeca relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002137 ! Lutzomyia evansi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002315 ! Lutzomyia cruzi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002316 ! Lutzomyia antunesi creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001794 name: Leishmania colombiensis def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of colombiensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans. Occurs in Central America and South America." [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:93413 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000849 ! Lutzomyia hartmanni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000853 ! Lutzomyia gomezi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002131 ! Lutzomyia panamensis creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001795 name: Leishmania garnhami def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of garnhami.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans. Occurs in South America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:214612 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002138 ! Lutzomyia youngi creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001796 name: Leishmania guyanensis def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of guyanensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans. Occurs in South America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5670 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000856 ! Lutzomyia anduzei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000859 ! Lutzomyia umbratilis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000860 ! Lutzomyia whitmani relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002130 ! Lutzomyia ovallesi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002549 ! Lutzomyia shawi creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001797 name: Leishmania lainsoni def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of lainsoni.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans. Occurs in South America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:5677 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002139 ! Lutzomyia ubiquitalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002312 ! Lutzomyia nuneztovari creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001798 name: Leishmania mexicana def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of mexicana.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans. Occurs in the Americas." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5665 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000852 ! Lutzomyia diabolica relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000854 ! Lutzomyia longipalpis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000861 ! Lutzomyia ylephiletor relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002128 ! Lutzomyia olmeca relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002140 ! Lutzomyia anthophora relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002141 ! Lutzomyia ayacuchensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002142 ! Lutzomyia christophei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002244 ! Lutzomyia shannoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002310 ! Lutzomyia columbiana relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002556 ! Lutzomyia cruciata creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001799 name: Leishmania naiffi def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of naiffi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans. Occurs in South America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:5678 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000863 ! Lutzomyia amazonensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000864 ! Lutzomyia ayrozai relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002132 ! Lutzomyia paraensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002143 ! Lutzomyia squamiventris creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001800 name: Leishmania panamensis def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of panamensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans. Occurs in Central America and South America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:5679 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000848 ! Lutzomyia trapidoi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000849 ! Lutzomyia hartmanni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000853 ! Lutzomyia gomezi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000861 ! Lutzomyia ylephiletor relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002131 ! Lutzomyia panamensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002555 ! Lutzomyia yuilli relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002556 ! Lutzomyia cruciata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002557 ! Lutzomyia sanguinaria creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001801 name: Leishmania peruviana def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of peruviana.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans. Occurs in South America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:5681 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000850 ! Lutzomyia peruensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002141 ! Lutzomyia ayacuchensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002144 ! Lutzomyia verrucarum creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001802 name: Leishmania pifanoi def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of pifanoi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans. Occurs in South America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:5682 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000857 ! Lutzomyia flaviscutellata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002128 ! Lutzomyia olmeca creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001803 name: Leishmania shawi def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of shawi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans. Occurs in South America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:5680 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000860 ! Lutzomyia whitmani creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001804 name: Leishmania venezuelensis def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Leishmania with the species designation of venezuelensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) in humans. Occurs in South America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Leishmania mexicana venezuelensis " EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:155283 is_a: VSMO:0001293 ! Leishmania relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000337 ! protozoan phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002128 ! Lutzomyia olmeca creation_date: 2011-01-09T08:21:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001805 name: Trypanosoma brucei def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Trypanosoma with the species designation of brucei.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by tsetse flies. Causes disease in humans (sleeping sickness, African trypanosomiasis) and domestic animals (nagana). \n\nRecognized subtypes of Trypanosoma brucei include: Trypanosoma brucei brucei, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.\n\nTrypanosoma brucei brucei causes disease (nagana) in domestic animals including horses (severe disease), sheep, goats, camels, cats and dogs (Africa).\n\nTrypanosoma brucei gambiense causes disease (West African sleeping sickness, Gambian sleeping sickness) in humans (western and north-central Africa).\n\nTrypanosoma brucei rhodesiense causes disease (East African sleeping sickness, Rhodesian sleeping sickness) in humans (central and eastern Africa)." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:5691 is_a: VSMO:0001294 ! Trypanosoma relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000339 ! protozoan tsetse fly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000353 ! protozoan tsetse fly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002091 ! Glossina brevipalpis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002093 ! Glossina fuscipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002094 ! Glossina longipalpis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002095 ! Glossina morsitans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002096 ! Glossina pallidipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002097 ! Glossina palpalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002098 ! Glossina swynnertoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002100 ! Glossina tachinoides created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T09:04:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001806 name: Trypanosoma cruzi def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Trypanosoma with the species designation of cruzi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by reduviid bugs. Causes disease in humans (Chagas disease, American trypanosomiasis) and canines (canine trypanosomiasis). Occurs in the Americas." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:5693 is_a: VSMO:0001294 ! Trypanosoma relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000338 ! protozoan true bug borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000352 ! protozoan true bug borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000869 ! Triatoma brasiliensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000870 ! Triatoma dimidiata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000871 ! Triatoma infestans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000877 ! Panstrongylus megistus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002074 ! Rhodnius prolixus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002075 ! Panstrongylus lignarius relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002076 ! Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002077 ! Rhodnius pallescens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002078 ! Rhodnius ecuadoriensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002079 ! Panstrongylus chinai relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002080 ! Triatoma pallidipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002081 ! Triatoma phyllosoma relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002082 ! Triatoma maculata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002083 ! Triatoma carrioni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002084 ! Triatoma guasayana relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002085 ! Triatoma patagonica relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002086 ! Triatoma sordida relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002087 ! Triatoma pseudomaculata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002089 ! Triatoma barberi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002493 ! Triatoma rubida relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002495 ! Panstrongylus geniculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002496 ! Panstrongylus howardi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002497 ! Rhodnius brethesi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002498 ! Rhodnius robustus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002500 ! Triatoma dispar relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002501 ! Rhodnius colombiensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002502 ! Rhodnius pictipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002503 ! Rhodnius stali relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002505 ! Panstrongylus lutzi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002506 ! Rhodnius neglectus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002507 ! Triatoma recurva relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002508 ! Triatoma longipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002509 ! Triatoma mazzottii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002510 ! Triatoma mexicana relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002511 ! Triatoma gerstaeckeri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002512 ! Triatoma picturata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002514 ! Triatoma rubrovaria relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002515 ! Triatoma rubrofasciata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002516 ! Triatoma protracta relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002725 ! Mepraia spinolai relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002726 ! Panstrongylus sherlocki created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T09:04:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001807 name: Trypanosoma vivax def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Trypanosoma with the species designation of vivax.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by tsetse flies. Causes disease (nagana, souma) in cattle, sheep, goats, horses, and camels. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:5699 is_a: VSMO:0001294 ! Trypanosoma relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000353 ! protozoan tsetse fly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002093 ! Glossina fuscipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002095 ! Glossina morsitans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002097 ! Glossina palpalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002098 ! Glossina swynnertoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002100 ! Glossina tachinoides relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002101 ! Glossina vanhoofi created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T09:04:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001808 name: Trypanosoma suis def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Trypanosoma with the species designation of suis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by tsetse flies. Causes disease (nagana) in pigs. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] is_a: VSMO:0001294 ! Trypanosoma relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000353 ! protozoan tsetse fly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002091 ! Glossina brevipalpis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002098 ! Glossina swynnertoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002101 ! Glossina vanhoofi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002102 ! Glossina fuscipleuris created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T09:04:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001809 name: Trypanosoma congolense def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Trypanosoma with the species designation of congolense.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by tsetse flies. Causes disease (nagana) in cattle, horses, sheep, goats and horses. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:5692 is_a: VSMO:0001294 ! Trypanosoma relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000353 ! protozoan tsetse fly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002091 ! Glossina brevipalpis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002092 ! Glossina fusca relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002093 ! Glossina fuscipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002095 ! Glossina morsitans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002096 ! Glossina pallidipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002097 ! Glossina palpalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002098 ! Glossina swynnertoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002100 ! Glossina tachinoides relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002101 ! Glossina vanhoofi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002272 ! Glossina longipennis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T09:04:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001812 name: Trypanosoma simiae def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Trypanosoma with the species designation of simiae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by tsetse flies. Causes disease (nagana) in pigs. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:5701 is_a: VSMO:0001294 ! Trypanosoma relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000353 ! protozoan tsetse fly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000560 ! Glossina austeni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002091 ! Glossina brevipalpis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002092 ! Glossina fusca relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002094 ! Glossina longipalpis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002095 ! Glossina morsitans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002096 ! Glossina pallidipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002097 ! Glossina palpalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002098 ! Glossina swynnertoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002099 ! Glossina tabaniformes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002100 ! Glossina tachinoides relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002101 ! Glossina vanhoofi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002102 ! Glossina fuscipleuris created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T09:04:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001813 name: Trypanosoma uniforme def: "A kinetoplast of Genus Trypanosoma with the species designation of uniforme.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by tsetse flies. Causes disease (nagana) in cattle. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] is_a: VSMO:0001294 ! Trypanosoma relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000353 ! protozoan tsetse fly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002092 ! Glossina fusca relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002093 ! Glossina fuscipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002094 ! Glossina longipalpis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002096 ! Glossina pallidipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002097 ! Glossina palpalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002098 ! Glossina swynnertoni created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T09:05:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001816 name: Nematoda def: "Any parasitic round worm (nematode) of the Phylum Nematoda." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:6231 is_a: VSMO:0000054 ! eukaryotic microorganism created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T09:52:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001819 name: Stephanofilaria def: "Stephanofilaria is a Genus of Phylum Nematoda.\n\nCOMMENT:\nStephanofilaria is a Genus in Family Filariidae." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001816 ! Nematoda created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T09:59:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001820 name: Parafilaria def: "Parafilaria is a Genus of Phylum Nematoda.\n\nCOMMENT:\nParafilaria is a Genus in Family Filariidae." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001816 ! Nematoda created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T09:59:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001821 name: Brugia def: "Brugia is a Genus of Phylum Nematoda.\n\nCOMMENT: \nBrugia is a Genus in Family Onchocercidae." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:6278 is_a: VSMO:0001816 ! Nematoda created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:03:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001825 name: Loa def: "Loa is a Genus of Phylum Nematoda.\n\nCOMMENT:\nLoa is a Genus in Family Onchocercidae." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:7208 is_a: VSMO:0001816 ! Nematoda created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:03:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001826 name: Onchocerca def: "Onchocerca is a Genus of Phylum Nematoda.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOnchocerca is a Genus in Family Onchocercidae." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:6281 is_a: VSMO:0001816 ! Nematoda created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:03:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001827 name: Setaria def: "Setaria is a Genus of Phylum Nematoda.\n\nCOMMENT:\nSetaria is a Genus in Family Onchocercidae." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:4554 is_a: VSMO:0001816 ! Nematoda created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:03:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001829 name: Wuchereria def: "Wuchereria is a Genus of Phylum Nematoda.\n\nCOMMENT:\nWuchereria is a Genus in Family Onchocercidae." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:6292 is_a: VSMO:0001816 ! Nematoda created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:03:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001830 name: Dirofilaria def: "Dirofilaria is a Genus of Phylum Nematoda.\n\nCOMMENT: \nDirofilaria is a Genus in Family Onchocercidae." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:6286 is_a: VSMO:0001816 ! Nematoda created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:06:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001831 name: Mansonella def: "Mansonella is a Genus of Phylum Nematoda.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMansonella is a Genus in Family Onchocercidae." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:42230 is_a: VSMO:0001816 ! Nematoda created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:07:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001832 name: Tabanidae def: "Tabanidae is a Family in Order Diptera.\n\nCOMMENT: \nAlso called tabanid flies or deer flies." [ISBN:1402014139] synonym: "deer flies" EXACT [] synonym: "tabanid flies" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:7205 is_a: VSMO:0000554 ! Diptera created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T12:29:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001833 name: Elaeophora def: "Elaeophora is a Genus of Phylum Nematoda.\n\nCOMMENT: \nElaeophora is a Genus in Family Onchocercidae." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001816 ! Nematoda created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:09:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001834 name: Brugia malayi def: "A nematode of Genus Brugia with the species designation of malayi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (lymphatic filariasis, Brugian filariasis) in humans. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:6279 is_a: VSMO:0001821 ! Brugia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001971 ! parasitic round worm mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000709 ! Mansonia uniformis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000744 ! Aedes oceanicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000747 ! Aedes togoi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000757 ! Anopheles campestris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000758 ! Anopheles donaldi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000763 ! Anopheles sinensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000772 ! Coquillettidia crassipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000775 ! Mansonia annulata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000776 ! Mansonia bonneae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000777 ! Mansonia dives relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000778 ! Mansonia indiana relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002147 ! Anopheles barbirostris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002148 ! Anopheles kweiyangensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002247 ! Anopheles lesteri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002280 ! Mansonia annulifera created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:09:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001835 name: Wuchereria bancrofti def: "A nematode of Genus Wuchereria with the species designation of bancrofti.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (lymphatic filariasis, Bancroftian filariasis) in humans. Occurs in Africa, Asia, the Pacific Islands, South America, and the Caribbean." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:6293 is_a: VSMO:0001829 ! Wuchereria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001971 ! parasitic round worm mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000585 ! Anopheles gambiae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000586 ! Anopheles stephensi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000587 ! Anopheles albimanus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000620 ! Culex pipiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000621 ! Culex quinquefasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000661 ! Anopheles darlingi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000677 ! Aedes scapularis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000687 ! Mansonia titillans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000697 ! Anopheles arabiensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000703 ! Culex antennatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000704 ! Culex bitaeniorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000706 ! Culex sitiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000709 ! Mansonia uniformis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000712 ! Anopheles funestus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000715 ! Anopheles melas relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000716 ! Anopheles merus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000717 ! Anopheles nili relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000726 ! Aedes taeniorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000728 ! Anopheles bellator relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000731 ! Anopheles aquasalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000742 ! Aedes fijiensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000743 ! Aedes kochi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000744 ! Aedes oceanicus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000745 ! Aedes poicilius relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000746 ! Aedes samoanus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000747 ! Aedes togoi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000750 ! Aedes vigilax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000751 ! Aedes cooki relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000752 ! Aedes polynesiensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000753 ! Aedes scutellaris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000755 ! Anopheles bancroftii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000758 ! Anopheles donaldi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000761 ! Anopheles letifer relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000762 ! Anopheles nigerrimus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000763 ! Anopheles sinensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000764 ! Anopheles whartoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000765 ! Anopheles aconitus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000767 ! Anopheles flavirostris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000769 ! Anopheles jeyporiensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000771 ! Anopheles koliensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000773 ! Culex annulirostris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000777 ! Mansonia dives relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000778 ! Mansonia indiana relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001880 ! Anopheles culicifacies relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001881 ! Anopheles minimus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001882 ! Anopheles philippinensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001884 ! Anopheles tessellatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001886 ! Anopheles dirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001887 ! Anopheles maculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001888 ! Anopheles balabacensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001889 ! Anopheles leucosphyrus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001892 ! Anopheles subpictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001895 ! Anopheles farauti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001896 ! Anopheles punctulatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001900 ! Anopheles pharoensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002145 ! Anopheles bwambae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002146 ! Anopheles pauliani relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002147 ! Anopheles barbirostris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002148 ! Anopheles kweiyangensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002150 ! Anopheles vagus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002151 ! Aedes niveus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002152 ! Aedes harinasutai relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002153 ! Aedes futunae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002154 ! Aedes pseudoscutellaris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002155 ! Aedes tabu relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002156 ! Aedes tongae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002157 ! Aedes upolensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002247 ! Anopheles lesteri relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002276 ! Anopheles jamesii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002277 ! Aedes tutuilae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002278 ! Aedes rotumae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002279 ! Aedes kesseli relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002465 ! Anopheles baimaii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002466 ! Anopheles latens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002467 ! Aedes harveyi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002468 ! Aedes annandalei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002469 ! Aedes desmotes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002470 ! Anopheles wellcomei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002471 ! Anopheles hancocki created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:10:14Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001836 name: Onchocerca volvulus def: "A nematode of Genus Onchocerca with the species designation of volvulus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCauses disease (onchocerciasis, river blindness, Roble's disease) in humans. Occurs in Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, South America, and Central America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:6282 is_a: VSMO:0001826 ! Onchocerca relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001970 ! parasitic round worm blackfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000567 ! Simulium damnosum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002158 ! Simulium sirbanum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002159 ! Simulium rasyani relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002160 ! Simulium dieguerense relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002161 ! Simulium sanctipauli relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002162 ! Simulium soubrense relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002163 ! Simulium leonense relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002164 ! Simulium konkourense relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002165 ! Simulium squamosum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002166 ! Simulium yahense relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002167 ! Simulium mengense relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002168 ! Simulium kilibanum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002169 ! Simulium neavei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002170 ! Simulium woodi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002172 ! Simulium albivirgulatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002173 ! Simulium ochraceum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002174 ! Simulium metallicum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002175 ! Simulium callidum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002176 ! Simulium exiguum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002177 ! Simulium guianense relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002178 ! Simulium incrustatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002179 ! Simulium oyapockense relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002180 ! Simulium quadrivittatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002181 ! Simulium limbatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002363 ! Simulium thyolense created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:10:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001837 name: Loa loa def: "A nematode of Genus Loa with the species designation of loa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by tabanid flies. Causes disease (loiasis) in humans. Occurs in Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, South America, and Central America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:7209 is_a: VSMO:0001825 ! Loa relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001972 ! parasitic round worm fly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0001843 ! Chrysops dimidiata relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002103 ! Chrysops silacea relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002281 ! Chrysops distinctipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002282 ! Chrysops longicornis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002283 ! Chrysops zahrai created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:11:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001838 name: Mansonella perstans def: "A nematode of Genus Mansonella with the species designation of perstans.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges. Causes disease (mansonelliasis) in humans. Occurs in Central America, South America, and Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] synonym: "Dipetalonema perstans" RELATED [] xref: NCBITaxon:42231 is_a: VSMO:0001831 ! Mansonella relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001969 ! parasitic round worm biting midge borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000838 ! Culicoides grahamii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002182 ! Culicoides austeni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002287 ! Culicoides inornatipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002319 ! Culicoides milnei created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:11:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001839 name: Mansonella streptocerca def: "A nematode of Genus Mansonella with the species designation of streptocerca.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges. Causes disease (mansonelliasis) in humans. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] synonym: "Dipetalonema streptocerca" RELATED [] is_a: VSMO:0001831 ! Mansonella relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001969 ! parasitic round worm biting midge borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000838 ! Culicoides grahamii relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002182 ! Culicoides austeni created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:11:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001840 name: Mansonella ozzardi def: "A nematode of Genus Mansonella with the species designation of ozzardi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges and blackflies. Causes disease (mansonelliasis) in humans. Occurs in Central America, South America, and the Caribbean." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:122354 is_a: VSMO:0001831 ! Mansonella relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001969 ! parasitic round worm biting midge borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000837 ! Culicoides furens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002176 ! Simulium exiguum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002177 ! Simulium guianense relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002183 ! Simulium amazonicum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002240 ! Culicoides paraensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002241 ! Culicoides variipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002284 ! Culicoides barbosai relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002285 ! Culicoides phlebotomus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002320 ! Leptoconops becquaerti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002322 ! Culicoides lahillei relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002323 ! Simulium sanguineum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002356 ! Simulium argentiscutum created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:12:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001841 name: Dirofilaria immitis def: "A nematode of Genus Dirofilaria with the species designation of immitis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (canine cardiovascular dirofilariasis, dog heartworm) in dogs. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:6287 is_a: VSMO:0001830 ! Dirofilaria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001967 ! parasitic round worm mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000620 ! Culex pipiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000621 ! Culex quinquefasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000647 ! Aedes albopictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000652 ! Aedes cantator relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000654 ! Culex nigripalpus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000665 ! Anopheles freeborni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000669 ! Anopheles quadrimaculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000671 ! Aedes triseriatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000673 ! Aedes canadensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000675 ! Aedes infirmatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000678 ! Aedes trivittatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000685 ! Psorophora ferox relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000691 ! Aedes vexans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000726 ! Aedes taeniorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000750 ! Aedes vigilax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000773 ! Culex annulirostris relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002185 ! Anopheles punctipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002186 ! Anopheles bradleyi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002187 ! Aedes sollicitans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002188 ! Aedes sticticus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002189 ! Aedes stimulans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002190 ! Aedes excrucians relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002191 ! Aedes sierrensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002192 ! Culex salinarius relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002293 ! Aedes notoscriptus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002463 ! Psorophora columbiae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002464 ! Anopheles crucians created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-09T10:12:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001842 name: Brugia timori def: "A nematode of Genus Brugia with the species designation of timori.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (lymphatic filariasis, Timorian filariasis) in humans. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:42155 is_a: VSMO:0001821 ! Brugia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001971 ! parasitic round worm mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002147 ! Anopheles barbirostris created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T12:06:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001843 name: Chrysops dimidiata def: "A tabanid fly of Genus Chrysops with the species designation of dimidiata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nLoa loa" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://books.google.com/books?id=mRw2AAAAMAAJ] is_a: VSMO:0002566 ! Chrysops created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T12:29:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001844 name: Dirofilaria repens def: "A nematode of Genus Dirofilaria with the species designation of repens.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (dirofilariasis) in dogs and cats. Occurs in southern Europe, Africa, and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:31241 is_a: VSMO:0001830 ! Dirofilaria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001967 ! parasitic round worm mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000620 ! Culex pipiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000647 ! Aedes albopictus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T12:39:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001845 name: Onchocerca lienalis def: "A nematode of Genus Onchocerca with the species designation of lienalis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by blackflies. Causes disease (bovine onchocercosis) in cattle. Occurs in North America, Europe, and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:263205 is_a: VSMO:0001826 ! Onchocerca relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001965 ! parasitic round worm blackfly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002184 ! Simulium ornatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002352 ! Simulium jenningsi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002357 ! Simulium erythrocephalum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002359 ! Simulium arakawae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002360 ! Simulium reptans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002361 ! Simulium daisense relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002362 ! Simulium kyushuense created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T12:49:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001846 name: Onchocerca gutturosa def: "A nematode of Genus Onchocerca with the species designation of gutturosa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges and blackflies. Causes disease (bovine onchocercosis) in cattle and other bovines. Occurs in Africa, Asia, and Australia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:6283 is_a: VSMO:0001826 ! Onchocerca relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001965 ! parasitic round worm blackfly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001966 ! parasitic round worm biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002184 ! Simulium ornatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002357 ! Simulium erythrocephalum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002358 ! Simulium bidentatum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002472 ! Simulium vorax relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002473 ! Culicoides kingi created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T12:49:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001847 name: Onchocerca dukei def: "A nematode of Genus Onchocerca with the species designation of dukei.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by blackflies. Causes disease (bovine onchocercosis) in cattle. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:173668 is_a: VSMO:0001826 ! Onchocerca relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001965 ! parasitic round worm blackfly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002289 ! Simulium bovis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T12:49:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001848 name: Onchocerca ochengi def: "A nematode of Genus Onchocerca with the species designation of ochengi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by blackflies. Causes disease (bovine onchocercosis) in cattle. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:42157 is_a: VSMO:0001826 ! Onchocerca relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001965 ! parasitic round worm blackfly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000567 ! Simulium damnosum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002158 ! Simulium sirbanum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002161 ! Simulium sanctipauli relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002165 ! Simulium squamosum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002184 ! Simulium ornatum created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T12:49:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001849 name: Onchocerca gibsoni def: "A nematode of Genus Onchocerca with the species designation of gibsoni.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges. Causes disease (bovine onchocercosis) in cattle and other bovines. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:6284 is_a: VSMO:0001826 ! Onchocerca relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001966 ! parasitic round worm biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002288 ! Culicoides obscurus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T12:49:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001852 name: Onchocerca sweetae def: "A nematode of Genus Onchocerca with the species designation of sweetae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPresumably transmitted by biting midges. Causes disease (bovine onchocercosis) in cattle and other bovines. Occurs in Australia and Asia." [ISBN:9780123725004] is_a: VSMO:0001826 ! Onchocerca relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001966 ! parasitic round worm biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T12:49:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001853 name: Onchocerca armillata def: "A nematode of Genus Onchocerca with the species designation of armillata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPresumably transmitted by blackflies. Causes disease (bovine onchocercosis) in cattle. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:36091 is_a: VSMO:0001826 ! Onchocerca relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001965 ! parasitic round worm blackfly borne pathogen of domestic animal created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T12:49:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001854 name: Onchocerca reticulata def: "A nematode of Genus Onchocerca with the species designation of reticulata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges. Causes disease (equine onchocercosis) in horses. Occurs in Australia." [ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] is_a: VSMO:0001826 ! Onchocerca relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001966 ! parasitic round worm biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002290 ! Culicoides nubeculosus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002292 ! Culicoides obsoletus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T12:57:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001855 name: Onchocerca cervicalis def: "A nematode of Genus Onchocerca with the species designation of cervicalis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges and blackflies. Causes disease (equine onchocercosis) in horses. Occurs in North America and Australia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:35522 is_a: VSMO:0001826 ! Onchocerca relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001966 ! parasitic round worm biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000646 ! Forcipomyia townsvillensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002241 ! Culicoides variipennis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002242 ! Culicoides sonorensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002290 ! Culicoides nubeculosus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002291 ! Culicoides parroti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002292 ! Culicoides obsoletus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002321 ! Culicoides victoriae relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002474 ! Simulium pictipes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T12:57:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001858 name: Elaeophora schneideri def: "A nematode of Genus Elaeophora with the species designation of schneideri.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by tabanid flies. Causes disease (elaeophorosis) in sheep. Occurs in Europe and North America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] is_a: VSMO:0001833 ! Elaeophora relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001968 ! parasitic round worm fly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000015 ! Tabanus lineola relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000024 ! Hybomitra aatos relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002294 ! Tabanus laticornis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T01:02:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001859 name: Stephanofilaria stilesi def: "A nematode of Genus Stephanofilaria with the species designation of stilesi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting blood-sucking muscid flies. Causes disease in cattle. Occurs in Asia and North America." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] is_a: VSMO:0001819 ! Stephanofilaria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001968 ! parasitic round worm fly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002295 ! Haematobia irritans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002462 ! Haematobia titillans created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T01:05:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001860 name: Stephanofilaria assamensis def: "A nematode of Genus Stephanofilaria with the species designation of assamensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting blood-sucking muscid flies. Causes disease in cattle. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] is_a: VSMO:0001819 ! Stephanofilaria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001968 ! parasitic round worm fly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002296 ! Haematobia thirouxi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002297 ! Musca conducens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002462 ! Haematobia titillans created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T01:05:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001861 name: Parafilaria bovicola def: "A nematode of Genus Parafilaria with the species designation of bovicola.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting blood-sucking muscid flies. Causes disease (bovine parafilariasis) in cattle. Occurs in Europe, Africa, and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] is_a: VSMO:0001820 ! Parafilaria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001968 ! parasitic round worm fly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002298 ! Musca lusoria relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002299 ! Musca nevelli relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002300 ! Musca xanthomelas relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002301 ! Musca autumnalis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T01:10:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001862 name: Parafilaria multipapillosa def: "A nematode of Genus Parafilaria with the species designation of multipapillosa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting blood-sucking muscid flies. Causes disease (equine parafilariasis) in horses. Occurs in Europe and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] is_a: VSMO:0001820 ! Parafilaria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001968 ! parasitic round worm fly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002302 ! Haematobia atripalpis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T01:10:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001863 name: Muscidae def: "Muscidae is a Family in Order Diptera.\n\nCOMMENT: \nAlso called houseflies." [ISBN:1402014139] synonym: "house flies" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:7366 is_a: VSMO:0000554 ! Diptera created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T01:13:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001867 name: Setaria digitata def: "A nematode of Genus Setaria with the species designation of digitata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in cattle, horses, sheep, and goats. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780851989693] synonym: "Setaria digitatus" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:48799 is_a: VSMO:0001827 ! Setaria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001967 ! parasitic round worm mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000620 ! Culex pipiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000621 ! Culex quinquefasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000747 ! Aedes togoi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000763 ! Anopheles sinensis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000780 ! Armigeres obturbans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002228 ! Aedes vittatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002232 ! Aedes pembaensis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T01:17:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001868 name: Setaria labiatopapillosa def: "A nematode of Genus Setaria with the species designation of labiatopapillosa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in cattle and horses. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780851989693, ISBN:9781405119641] synonym: "Setaria cervi" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:108094 is_a: VSMO:0001827 ! Setaria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001967 ! parasitic round worm mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000691 ! Aedes vexans relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002237 ! Aedes caspius created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T01:20:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001871 name: Habronema def: "Habronema is a Genus of Phylum Nematoda.\n\nCOMMENT:\nHabronema is a Genus in Family Habronematidae." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:227890 is_a: VSMO:0001816 ! Nematoda created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T01:26:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001872 name: Habronema muscae def: "A nematode of Genus Habronema with the species designation of muscae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by blood-sucking muscid flies. Causes disease (gastric habronemiasis) in horses." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693] xref: NCBITaxon:227892 is_a: VSMO:0001871 ! Habronema relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001968 ! parasitic round worm fly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002303 ! Musca domestica relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002305 ! Haematobia exigua relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002366 ! Musca vetustissima created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T01:27:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001873 name: Habronema microstoma def: "A nematode of Genus Habronema with the species designation of microstoma.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by blood-sucking muscid flies. Causes disease (gastric habronemiasis) in horses." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780851989693] synonym: "Habronema majus" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:227891 is_a: VSMO:0001871 ! Habronema relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001968 ! parasitic round worm fly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002304 ! Stomoxys calcitrans created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-10T01:27:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001880 name: Anopheles culicifacies def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of culicifacies.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles culicifacies var. adenensis Christophers" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles indica Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles listoni Giles" EXACT [] synonym: "Myzomyia punjobensis James" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002255 xref: NCBITaxon:139723 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T12:37:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001881 name: Anopheles minimus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of minimus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles aconitus var. cohaesa Doenitz" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles christophersi Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles christophersi var. alboapicalis Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles formosaensis Tsuzuki " EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles vincenti Laveran " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003537 xref: NCBITaxon:112268 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T12:51:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001882 name: Anopheles philippinensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of philippinensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles hainanensis Takei" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles pampangensis Brunetti" EXACT [] synonym: "Pyretophorus freerae Banks" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003565 xref: NCBITaxon:319534 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T12:52:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001883 name: Anopheles sundaicus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of sundaicus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Myzomyia ludlowi var. sundaicus Rodenwaldt" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003605 xref: NCBITaxon:34692 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T12:54:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001884 name: Anopheles tessellatus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of tessellatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles deceptor Doenitz" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles formosae Hatori " EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles kinoshitai Koidzumi" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles taiwanensis Koidzumi" EXACT [] synonym: "Dactylomyia ceylonica Newstead and Carter" EXACT [] synonym: "Myzomyia thorntonii Ludlow" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003610 xref: NCBITaxon:59161 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T12:56:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001885 name: Anopheles varuna def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of varuna.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40003621 xref: NCBITaxon:93948 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T12:57:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001886 name: Anopheles dirus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of dirus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40002263 xref: NCBITaxon:7168 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T12:59:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001887 name: Anopheles maculatus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of maculatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Myzomyia hanabusai Yamada " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003525 xref: NCBITaxon:74869 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T01:01:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001888 name: Anopheles balabacensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of balabacensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles leucosphyrus var. balabacensis Baisas " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002233 xref: NCBITaxon:59124 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T01:04:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001889 name: Anopheles leucosphyrus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of leucosphyrus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40003511 xref: NCBITaxon:409345 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T01:08:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001890 name: Anopheles ludlowae def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of ludlowae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles cabrerai Cagampang-Ramos and Darsie" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles hatorii Koidzumi" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles ludlowae var. formosensis Koidzumi " EXACT [] synonym: "Myzomyia ludlowae Theobald" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003520 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T01:09:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001892 name: Anopheles subpictus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of subpictus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Aldrichia error Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles rossii Giles" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003603 xref: NCBITaxon:59160 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T01:12:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001893 name: Anopheles pattoni def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of pattoni.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40003562 xref: NCBITaxon:333671 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T01:13:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001895 name: Anopheles farauti def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of farauti.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia and Australia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21612587, PMID:9673928, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles annulipes var. moluccensis Swellengrebel and Swellengrebel de Graaf" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002278 xref: NCBITaxon:69004 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T01:17:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001896 name: Anopheles punctulatus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of punctulatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia and the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40003571 xref: NCBITaxon:30068 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T01:24:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001897 name: Anopheles nuneztovari def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of nuneztovari.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, PMID:20712879, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40000165 xref: NCBITaxon:30067 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T01:30:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001898 name: Anopheles triannulatus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of triannulatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America, Central America, and the Caribbean.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:1402014139, PMID:20712879, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles bachmanni Petrocchi" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles davisi Paterson and Shannon" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles perezi Shannon and Del Ponte" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles triannulatus var. chagasi Galvao" EXACT [] synonym: "Cellia cuyabensis Neiva and Pinto" EXACT [] synonym: "Cellia triannulatus Neiva and Pinto" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000175 xref: NCBITaxon:58253 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T01:31:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001899 name: Anopheles cinereus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of cinereus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa and Europe.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles hispaniola Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles italicus Raffaele" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles jehafi Patton " EXACT [] synonym: "Myzomyia rifenus Baeza Cuellar" EXACT [] synonym: "Pyretophorus myzomyifacies Theobald" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002249 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T01:48:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001900 name: Anopheles pharoensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of pharoensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles albus Ventrillon" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles maculicosta Becker" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles pharoensis var. albofimbriatus Giles" EXACT [] synonym: "Nyssorhynchus bozasi Neveu-Lemaire" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003564 xref: NCBITaxon:221566 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2011-01-12T01:53:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001901 name: Wilton and Kloter cylinder trap def: "Powered trap, designated the Wilton and Kloter cylinder trap, which combines a visual color attractant and short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nWilton and Kloter devised a trap for sampling Aedes aegypti which is lighter, more compact and more easily made than the Fay-Prince trap. It consists of an 18-cm length of plexiglas having an outside diameter of 9.5 cm and painted shiny black on the inside. It is fitted with machine bolts to the bottom of the plastic body of a CDC light-trap which has had the bottom part cut off to leave a 1-cm extension below the reinforced ring. The light-bulb is removed, and the trap inverted so that the CDC part is positioned below. A 1-pint paper carton painted black on the inside and outside and with the bottom replaced with black netting is dropped into the top of the trap. A screen cone is fitted into the top of the carton to prevent mosquitoes escaping if there is a power failure. The trap operates from a 6-V battery." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T08:16:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001902 name: duplex cone trap def: "Powered trap, designated the duplex cone trap, which combines a visual color attractant with short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe invasion of the USA by Aedes albopictus challenged American entomologists to devise a trap that could be used for surveillance of adults of this species. Carbon dioxide and light-traps have proved ineffective in Southeast Asia for collecting Aedes albopictus, but it was noted in Louisiana, USA that adults often settled on shiny black plastic bags, and this eventually led Freier and Francy to develop a duplex cone trap. The components of the trap are a 48-cm diameter, 41-cm tall black cone that has thirty 2.5-cm holes cut from around the base. This black cone is surmounted with a 50-cm diameter, 34-cm tall shiny galvanized cone supported 20 cm from the ground by four metal legs. A 10-cm diameter collar connects the top of the outer cone to a 46.5-cm tall, 8.3-cm diameter plastic cylinder which houses a CDC-type motor and fan powered by a 6-V battery. The trap is positioned over about 1 kg dry ice placed on the ground. Gas escapes through the holes around the base of the black cone and mosquitoes attracted by odor and the black cone are sucked up by the fan between the two cones into a CDC-type collecting bag placed on top of the trap." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T08:18:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001903 name: moving-target trap of Dennett def: "Powered trap, designated the moving-target trap of Dennett, which combines a visual motion attractant with short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nDennett and others describe the construction of a visual attraction trap for Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus that incorporates a swinging motion. The trap itself is a suction trap constructed from a 10-cm length of thin walled PVC pipe, a 6V d.c. motor and fan mounted onto a piece of sheet metal, and a PVC pipe collection container. This suction trap is mounted on a modified battery-powered baby swing, which provides the back-and-forth motion. The swing was modified by removing the seat and replacing it with four panels of 4-mm thick black polyethylene plastic sheeting, to form a box open at the top and bottom. The rear panel of this box measured 64 cm long × 23 cm wide and was attached to the top part of the swinging frame. The front panel was 36 cm long × 25 cm wide and the two side panels were 36 cm long × 30 cm wide." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T08:21:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001904 name: Ikeshoji cylinder sound trap def: "Powered trap, designated the Ikeshoji cylinder sound trap, which combines an auditory attractant with a sticky surface to collect host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis sound trap was made from a rolled 30 x 32-cm transparent colorless polyethylene sheet into which was suspended a 9.3-cm diameter speaker (1 W, 8 ohm). The inside of the sound cylinder was sprayed with Tangle Foot adhesive, and it was positioned horizontally on top of the tripod. Sound was provided by a handmade sound generator consisting of a small audio-oscillator powered by four 1.5-V batteries and at dusk emitted sinusoidal sound of 370 or 400 Hz at 100 dB." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T08:23:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001905 name: Nicosia trap def: "Powered trap, designated the Nicosia trap, which combines an auditory attractant with a sticky surface to collect host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe Nicosia trap produces an acoustical signal by way of pulsed liquid technology, which is designed to be similar to the signal produced by the circulatory system of host animals." [ISBN:9781402066658] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T08:26:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001906 name: BG-Sentinel trap def: "Powered trap, designated the BG Sentinel trap, which combines visual color and olfactory attractants with short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThe BG-Sentinel mosquito trap is essentially a collapsible, white fabric container with a white gauze covering its opening. The diameter is 36 cm (14 inches), the height 40 cm (1.3 feet). In the middle of the gauze cover, air is sucked into the trap through a black catch pipe by an electrical fan, drawing approaching mosquitoes into a catch bag. The air then exits the trap through the white gauze, generating ascending currents. These are similar to convection currents produced by a human host, both in its direction, its geometrical structure, and, due to the addition of the BG-Lure, also in its chemical composition.\n\nThis trap was initially developed to catch Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, With the addition of carbon dioxide, the BG-Sentinel can be used as a surveillance tool for mosquitoes in general." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T08:27:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001907 name: zumba trap def: "Powered trap, designated the zumba trap, which combines visual color and olfactory attractants with short-range suction action to collect host-seeking adult arthropods.\n\nCOMMENT:\nThis collapsible and portable trap consists, in part, of a man-sized black and green fabric cylinder. The trap has a diameter of 0.30 m and a height of 1.50 m. Suction is provided by a fan powered by a 12-volt battery." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001642 ! powered trap without animal bait for host-seeking adult arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T08:33:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001908 name: trap for adult flying arthropods def: "Equipment for collection of adult flying arthropods, in the form of a trap.\n\nCOMMENT:\nFor passive arthropod collection (works continuously in the absence of a human collector)." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001500 ! equipment for collection of adult flying arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T09:54:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001909 name: trap for adult arthropods in general flight def: "Trap for adult flying arthropods designed to capture specimens while they are in general flight and then hold them in place for some period of time." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001908 ! trap for adult flying arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T09:57:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001910 name: tick drag def: "Equipment for collection of ground-based arthropods, in the form of a large sheet of white fabric which is dragged over vegetation to collect host-seeking ticks. \n\nCOMMENT:\nThe tick drag is moved over the vegetation by pulling it, via a rope, cord, or handle, behind the operator. Attached ticks (larvae, nymphs and adults) are collected from the drag at regular intervals. The bottom of the drag is often weighted down by having some type of material sewn into it. Tick drags are best suited for low lying vegetation." [ISBN:0195084314] is_a: VSMO:0001498 ! equipment for collection of ground-based arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T12:33:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001911 name: tick flag def: "Equipment for collection of ground-based arthropods, in the form of a sheet of white fabric which is attached to a long handle and flagged (or swept) across the vegetation to collect host-seeking ticks. \n\nCOMMENT:\nAttached ticks (larvae, nymphs and adults) are collected from the flag at regular intervals. The bottom of the flag is often weighted down by having some type of material sewn into it. The tick flag is especially suitable for thickets or other habitats where a tick drag is difficult to operate." [ISBN:0195084314] is_a: VSMO:0001498 ! equipment for collection of ground-based arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T12:43:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001912 name: carbon dioxide-baited ground trap def: "Equipment for collection of ground-based arthropods, in the form of a ground trap that uses carbon dioxide as a bait.\n\nCOMMENT:\nUsed to collect hard ticks, soft ticks, mites, and reduviid bugs. The arthropods are prevented from leaving the trap by means of being captured in a sticky substance or falling into a part of the trap from which they cannot escape. A very basic carbon dioxide-baited ground trap consists of a container holding dry ice placed in the middle of a platform with sticky material around the edges. This kind of trap can also be augmented with other attractants such as pheromones." [ISBN:0195084314] is_a: VSMO:0001498 ! equipment for collection of ground-based arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T12:49:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001913 name: Berlese funnel def: "Equipment for collection of ground-based arthropods, in the form of a funnel placed under a heat source, to drive ground-based arthropods out of the material placed in the funnel, and above a collection jar which collects the arthropods that emerge from the bottom of the funnel.\n\nCOMMENT:\nUsed to collect mobile arthropods from soil samples or host nesting material." [ISBN:0195084314] is_a: VSMO:0001498 ! equipment for collection of ground-based arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T01:03:14Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001914 name: powered suction device for animal burrows def: "Equipment for collection of ground-based arthropods, in the form of a device equipped with suction action to collect arthropods from small crevices or animal burrows. \n\nCOMMENT:\nExamples include the \"Tick Sucker Mark V\" which was developed to collect soft ticks from subterranean animal burrows." [ISBN:0195084314] is_a: VSMO:0001498 ! equipment for collection of ground-based arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T01:07:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001915 name: burrow swab def: "Equipment for collection of ground-based arthropods from animal burrows, in the form of a square piece of white flannel held in an alligator clip and attached to a flexible metal cable.\n\nCOMMENT:\nFleas can be collected from within and around the openings of animal burrows (typically rodent burrows) using a burrow swab. A typical burrow swab consists of a square piece of white flannel (25-30 cm on a side), which is held in an alligator clip attached to a flexible metal cable in the form of a plumbing snake). The swab is pushed as far as possible (2-5 meters) into the burrow, allowed to remain stationary for 30 seconds, and then gently retrieved. Attached fleas are then retrieved from the swab." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001498 ! equipment for collection of ground-based arthropods created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-06T01:14:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001918 name: Mayaro virus def: "A virus of Genus Alphavirus with the designation of Mayaro virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in the Americas." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:59301 is_a: VSMO:0001204 ! Alphavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000647 ! Aedes albopictus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000677 ! Aedes scapularis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-10T01:03:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001919 name: Semliki Forest virus def: "A virus of Genus Alphavirus with the designation of Semliki Forest virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (Semliki Forest virus disease) in humans. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp] xref: NCBITaxon:11033 is_a: VSMO:0001204 ! Alphavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000587 ! Anopheles albimanus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000669 ! Anopheles quadrimaculatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000747 ! Aedes togoi created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-10T03:14:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001920 name: Ilheus virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of Ilheus virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Includes the subtype Rocio virus. Causes disease in humans and domestic animals such as pigs and horses. Occurs in the Americas." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp] xref: NCBITaxon:59563 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000379 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000620 ! Culex pipiens relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000621 ! Culex quinquefasciatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000656 ! Culex tarsalis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000677 ! Aedes scapularis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000685 ! Psorophora ferox relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002693 ! Aedes serratus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002711 ! Psorophora albipes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-10T03:35:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001924 name: Plasmodium hermani def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Plasmodium with the species designation of hermani.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (avian malaria) in turkeys. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:9780123725004] is_a: VSMO:0000531 ! Plasmodium relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000350 ! protozoan mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000654 ! Culex nigripalpus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002192 ! Culex salinarius created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-10T04:50:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001925 name: Drachsia def: "Drachsia is a Genus of Phylum Nematoda.\n\nCOMMENT: \nDrachsia is a Genus in Family Habronematidae." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001816 ! Nematoda created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-11T01:25:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001926 name: Drachsia megastoma def: "A nematode of Genus Drachsia with the species designation of megastoma.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by blood-sucking muscid flies. Causes disease (gastric habronemiasis) in horses." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Habronema megastoma" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0001925 ! Drachsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0001968 ! parasitic round worm fly borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002303 ! Musca domestica relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002305 ! Haematobia exigua relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002366 ! Musca vetustissima created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-11T01:27:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001931 name: Sarconema def: "Sarconema is a Genus of Phylum Nematoda.\n\nCOMMENT:\nSarconema is a Genus in Family Onchocercidae." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:88420 is_a: VSMO:0001816 ! Nematoda created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-11T02:17:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001932 name: Sarconema eurycerca def: "A nematode of Genus Sarconema with the species designation of eurycerca.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by lice. Causes disease (heartworm) in geese. Occurs worldwide." [ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:496054 is_a: VSMO:0001931 ! Sarconema relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0002380 ! parasitic round worm louse borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002365 ! Trinoton anserinum created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-11T02:17:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001933 name: Chandipura virus def: "A virus of Genus Vesiculovirus with the designation of Chandipura virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:11272 is_a: VSMO:0001245 ! Vesiculovirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000366 ! viral phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000841 ! Phlebotomus argentipes relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000845 ! Phlebotomus papatasi created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-11T02:34:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001934 name: Changuinola virus def: "A virus of Genus Orbivirus with the designation of Changuinola virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by sandflies. Has been associated with disease in humans. Occurs in South America." [ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:40052 is_a: VSMO:0001239 ! Orbivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000366 ! viral phlebotomine sandfly borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000859 ! Lutzomyia umbratilis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-11T02:36:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001935 name: Haemoproteus def: "Haemoproteus is a Genus of Phylum Apicomplexa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nHaemoproteus is a Genus in Order Haemospororida." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:77521 is_a: VSMO:0000006 ! Apicomplexa created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-11T02:41:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001936 name: Haemoproteus meleagridis def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Haemoproteus with the species designation of meleagridis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges. Causes disease in turkeys. Occurs in the Americas." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004] is_a: VSMO:0001935 ! Haemoproteus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000346 ! protozoan biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002335 ! Culicoides edeni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002336 ! Culicoides hinmani relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002337 ! Culicoides arboricola relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002338 ! Culicoides knowltoni relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002339 ! Culicoides haematopotus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-11T02:41:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001937 name: Babesia duncani def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Babesia with the species designation of duncani.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (babesiosis) in humans. Occurs in western North America." [ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "WA-1 type Babesia" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:323732 is_a: VSMO:0001256 ! Babesia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000341 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000546 ! Ixodes pacificus creation_date: 2012-01-11T03:53:29Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001944 name: Theileria lestoquardi def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Theileria with the species designation of lestoquardi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (theileriosis) in sheep and goats. Occurs in Europe and Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Theileria hirci" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:77054 is_a: VSMO:0001257 ! Theileria relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000827 ! Hyalomma anatolicum created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-11T04:29:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001945 name: Cytauxzoon def: "Cytauxzoon is a Genus of Phylum Apicomplexa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPiroplasmids in Family Theileriidae." [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:27995 is_a: VSMO:0000006 ! Apicomplexa created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-11T04:32:02Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001946 name: Cytauxzoon felis def: "An apicomplexan of Genus Cytauxzoon with the species designation of felis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (feline cytauxzoonosis) in cats. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:27996 is_a: VSMO:0001945 ! Cytauxzoon relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000355 ! protozoan hard tick borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000624 ! Amblyomma americanum relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000629 ! Dermacentor variabilis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-11T04:32:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001947 name: Borrelia lusitaniae def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of lusitaniae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (Lyme borreliosis, Lyme disease) in humans on rare occasions. Member of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species complex. Occurs in Europe and Asia." [ISBN:1555812384\:] xref: NCBITaxon:100177 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000630 ! Ixodes ricinus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-12T08:30:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001948 name: Borrelia lonestari def: "A bacterium of Genus Borrelia with the species designation of lonestari.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPossibly transmitted by hard ticks. Has been suggested as the causative agent of Southern Tick-Associated Rash Illness (Master's disease), although the evidence is conflicting and the bacterium may be non-pathogenic in humans. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:38876 is_a: VSMO:0000528 ! Borrelia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-12T08:57:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001953 name: Akabane virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of Akabane virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges. Belongs to the Simbu Serogroup of Orthobunyavirus. Causes fetal deformities and abortion in cattle. Occurs in Asia, Australia, and Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:70566 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000375 ! viral biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000836 ! Culicoides brevitarsis relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002241 ! Culicoides variipennis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-12T10:14:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001955 name: daily survival rate def: "The estimated proportion of animals alive on day d that is still alive on day d+1 (DeMaster and Drevenak, 1988). The DSR can also be treated as a probability: then it is defined as the probability that an animal alive on day d will still\nbe alive on day d+1." [VSMO:Authors] comment: This term refers to the estimate and not the process of obtaining the estimate. is_a: VSMO:0000008 ! estimate created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T09:45:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001956 name: pesticide residual spraying def: "The process of spraying a pesticide that sticks to the sprayed substrate and remains active for some period of time.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nFor example used indoor in malaria control campaigns." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: OBI:0000094 ! material processing relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000503 ! delivery of pesticide spray relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000506 ! delivery of residual pesticide creation_date: 2012-01-13T11:27:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001957 name: indoor residual spraying def: "Pesticide residual spraying that is conducted indoors.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCommonly used in malaria control campaigns." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001956 ! pesticide residual spraying created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T11:31:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001958 name: space spraying def: "The process of delivering an insecticide into the air in the form of droplets less than 50 micrometers in diameter.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOnly effective while the droplets remain airborne. Space sprays are applied mainly as fogs." [URI:http\://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2003/WHO_CDS_WHOPES_GCDPP_2003.5.pdf] synonym: "fogging" EXACT [] is_a: OBI:0000094 ! material processing relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000503 ! delivery of pesticide spray relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000505 ! delivery of short-lived pesticide created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T11:33:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001959 name: pathogen surveillance def: "A surveillance process aiming to produce information about one or several objects, in the form of microorganisms, which have the role of pathogen." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000004 ! surveillance process created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T12:46:35Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001963 name: parasitic round worm pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a parasitic round worm pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: IDO:0000405 ! pathogen role created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T01:58:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001964 name: parasitic round worm pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a parasitic round worm pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: IDO:0000405 ! pathogen role created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T01:58:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001965 name: parasitic round worm blackfly borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a parasitic round worm pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a blackfly vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001963 ! parasitic round worm pathogen of domestic animal created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T02:07:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001966 name: parasitic round worm biting midge borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a parasitic round worm pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a biting midge vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001963 ! parasitic round worm pathogen of domestic animal created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T02:07:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001967 name: parasitic round worm mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a parasitic round worm pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a mosquito vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001963 ! parasitic round worm pathogen of domestic animal created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T02:07:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001968 name: parasitic round worm fly borne pathogen of domestic animal def: "A role borne by a parasitic round worm pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible domestic animal and being transmitted by a fly vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001963 ! parasitic round worm pathogen of domestic animal created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T02:09:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001969 name: parasitic round worm biting midge borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a parasitic round worm pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a biting midge vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001964 ! parasitic round worm pathogen of human created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T02:12:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001970 name: parasitic round worm blackfly borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a parasitic round worm pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a blackfly vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001964 ! parasitic round worm pathogen of human created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T02:13:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001971 name: parasitic round worm mosquito borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a parasitic round worm pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a mosquito vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001964 ! parasitic round worm pathogen of human created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T02:13:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001972 name: parasitic round worm fly borne pathogen of human def: "A role borne by a parasitic round worm pathogen in virtue of causing disease in a susceptible human and being transmitted by a fly vector." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0001964 ! parasitic round worm pathogen of human created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T02:13:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001973 name: Alkhurma virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of Alkhurma virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPresumably transmitted by soft and/or hard ticks. Causes disease (Alkhurma virus disease) in humans. Occurs in the Middle East." [ISBN:9780123737328] synonym: "Alkhumra hemorrhagic fever virus" EXACT [] synonym: "Alkhumra virus " EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:172148 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000370 ! viral hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0002382 ! viral soft tick borne pathogen of human created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T02:20:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001974 name: Everglades virus def: "A virus of Genus Alphavirus with the designation of Everglades virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in North America." [ISBN:9780123737328] is_a: VSMO:0001204 ! Alphavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000671 ! Aedes triseriatus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000726 ! Aedes taeniorhynchus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002686 ! Culex cedecei created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T02:25:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001975 name: Mucambo virus def: "A virus of Genus Alphavirus with the designation of Mucambo virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in the Americas." [ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:60875 is_a: VSMO:0001204 ! Alphavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000685 ! Psorophora ferox relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002253 ! Culex portesi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002682 ! Culex gnomatos relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002683 ! Culex pedroi relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002685 ! Psorophora albigenu created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T02:26:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001977 name: Zika virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of Zika virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Includes the strain Spondweni virus. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in Africa and Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:64320 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002231 ! Aedes circumluteolus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T03:07:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001978 name: Banzi virus def: "A virus of Genus Flavivirus with the designation of Banzi virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:38837 is_a: VSMO:0000534 ! Flavivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002649 ! Culex rubinotus relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002679 ! Culex neavei created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T03:09:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001979 name: Orungo virus def: "A virus of Genus Orbivirus with the designation of Orungo virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:40058 is_a: VSMO:0001239 ! Orbivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T03:22:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001980 name: Peruvian horse sickness virus def: "A virus of Genus Orbivirus with the designation of Peruvian horse sickness virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPresumably transmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease (Peruvian horse sickness) in horses. Occurs in South America and Australia." [ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:356862 is_a: VSMO:0001239 ! Orbivirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000379 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of domestic animal created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T03:24:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001981 name: Shuni virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of Shuni virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by biting midges. Belongs to the Simbu Serogroup of Orthobunyavirus. Includes the subtype Aino virus. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:159148 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000361 ! viral biting midge borne pathogen of human created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-13T03:42:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001983 name: Guaroa virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of Guaroa virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in Central America and South America." [ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:80941 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T07:56:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001984 name: Ilesha virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of Ilesha virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in Africa." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:273341 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T07:58:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001986 name: Madrid virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of Madrid virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in Central America." [ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:348013 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002645 ! Culex vomerifer created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T08:03:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001987 name: Marituba virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of Marituba virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Includes the subtype Murutucu virus. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in South America." [ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:292278 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002253 ! Culex portesi created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T08:04:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001989 name: Oriboca virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of Oriboca virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in South America and the Caribbean." [ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:192199 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0000583 ! Aedes aegypti relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002253 ! Culex portesi created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T08:07:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001990 name: wyeomyia virus def: "A virus of Genus Orthobunyavirus with the designation of wyeomyia virus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by mosquitoes. Causes disease in humans. Occurs in Central America, South America, and the Caribbean." [ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780123737328] xref: NCBITaxon:273350 is_a: VSMO:0001221 ! Orthobunyavirus relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000365 ! viral mosquito borne pathogen of human created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T08:08:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001991 name: Dermanyssidae def: "Dermanyssidae is a Family in Order Acari.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called dermanyssid mites." [ISBN:0124732763, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:34639 is_a: VSMO:0000616 ! Acari creation_date: 2012-01-18T01:34:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001992 name: Liponyssoides sanguineus def: "A mite of Genus Liponyssoides with the species designation of sanguineus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs worldwide. \nVector of:\nRickettsia akari" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] synonym: "Allodermanyssus sanguineus" RELATED [] is_a: VSMO:0002613 ! Liponyssoides created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T01:42:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001993 name: Leptotrombidium pallidum def: "A mite of Genus Leptotrombidium with the species designation of pallidum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nOrientia tsutsugamushi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:4212400] xref: NCBITaxon:279272 is_a: VSMO:0002611 ! Leptotrombidium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T01:50:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001994 name: Leptotrombidium scutellare def: "A mite of Genus Leptotrombidium with the species designation of scutellare.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nOrientia tsutsugamushi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:4212400] xref: NCBITaxon:436349 is_a: VSMO:0002611 ! Leptotrombidium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T01:50:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001995 name: Leptotrombidium imphalum def: "A mite of Genus Leptotrombidium with the species designation of imphalum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nOrientia tsutsugamushi" [VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:436345 is_a: VSMO:0002611 ! Leptotrombidium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T02:06:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001996 name: Leptotrombidium chiangraiensis def: "A mite of Genus Leptotrombidium with the species designation of chiangraiensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nOrientia tsutsugamushi" [ISBN:0851994733, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:436344 is_a: VSMO:0002611 ! Leptotrombidium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T02:07:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001997 name: Argas arboreus def: "A soft tick of Genus Argas with the species designation of arboreus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nAegyptianella pullorum\nBorrelia anserina\nQuaranfil virus" [ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp] is_a: VSMO:0002614 ! Argas created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T02:26:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001998 name: Argas walkerae def: "A soft tick of Genus Argas with the species designation of walkerae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called fowl tampan. Occurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nAegyptianella pullorum\nBorrelia anserina" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780851989693, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115] xref: NCBITaxon:906883 is_a: VSMO:0002614 ! Argas created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T02:28:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0001999 name: Argas sanchezi def: "A soft tick of Genus Argas with the species designation of sanchezi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nBorrelia anserina" [ISBN:0851994733, PMID:14570115, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0002614 ! Argas created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T02:42:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002000 name: Argas miniatus def: "A soft tick of Genus Argas with the species designation of miniatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nBorrelia anserina" [ISBN:1402014139, PMID:14570115, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0002614 ! Argas created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T02:42:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002001 name: Argas reflexus def: "A soft tick of Genus Argas with the species designation of reflexus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the pigeon tick. Occurs in Europe and Asia. \nVector of:\nBorrelia anserina" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115] synonym: "Acarus reflexus Fabricius" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:34604 is_a: VSMO:0002614 ! Argas created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T02:54:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002002 name: Carios rudis def: "A soft tick of Genus Carios with the species designation of rudis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Central America and South America.\nVector of:\nBorrelia venezuelensis" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115] synonym: "Ornithodoros rudis" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002615 ! Carios created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T02:56:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002003 name: Carios talaje def: "A soft tick of Genus Carios with the species designation of talaje.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nBorrelia mazzottii" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115] synonym: "Argas talaje Guérin-Méneville" EXACT [] synonym: "Ornithodoros talaje" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002615 ! Carios created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T02:58:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002004 name: Ornithodoros asperus def: "A soft tick of Genus Ornithodoros with the species designation of asperus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nBorrelia caucasica" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115] synonym: "Ornithodoros verrucosus" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002616 ! Ornithodoros created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T03:00:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002005 name: Ornithodoros tartakovskyi def: "A soft tick of Genus Ornithodoros with the species designation of tartakovskyi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nBorrelia latyschewii\nRoyal Farm virus (Karshi virus)" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:570969 is_a: VSMO:0002616 ! Ornithodoros created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T03:09:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002006 name: Ornithodoros tholozani def: "A soft tick of Genus Ornithodoros with the species designation of tholozani.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nBorrelia persica\nKyasanur Forest disease virus\nRoyal Farm virus (Karshi virus)" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ornithodoros crossi" EXACT [] synonym: "Ornithodoros papillipes Birula" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002616 ! Ornithodoros created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T03:10:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002010 name: Ornithodoros sonrai def: "A soft tick of Genus Ornithodoros with the species designation of sonrai.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nBorrelia crocidurae\nLangat virus\nRoyal Farm virus (Karshi virus)\nSuspected vector of:\nAfrican swine fever virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:14570115, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:352064 is_a: VSMO:0002616 ! Ornithodoros created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-18T03:30:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002014 name: Ornithodoros graingeri def: "A soft tick of Genus Ornithodoros with the species designation of graingeri.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nBorrelia crocidurae" [ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115] is_a: VSMO:0002616 ! Ornithodoros created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T08:05:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002015 name: Ornithodoros alactagalis def: "A soft tick of Genus Ornithodoros with the species designation of alactagalis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nBorrelia crocidurae" [ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115] is_a: VSMO:0002616 ! Ornithodoros created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T08:07:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002016 name: Ornithodoros marocanus def: "A soft tick of Genus Ornithodoros with the species designation of marocanus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Europea and Africa.\nVector of:\nBorrelia hispanica" [ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115] is_a: VSMO:0002616 ! Ornithodoros created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T08:09:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002017 name: Amblyomma lepidum def: "A hard tick of Genus Amblyomma with the species designation of lepidum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nEhrlichia ruminantium\nRickettsia africae\nRickettsia conorii\nTheileria mutans\nTheileria velifera" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0002618 ! Amblyomma created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T08:20:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002018 name: Dermacentor nuttalli def: "A hard tick of Genus Dermacentor with the species designation of nuttalli.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nFrancisella tularensis\nRickettsia sibirica" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] xref: NCBITaxon:1046038 is_a: VSMO:0002619 ! Dermacentor created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T08:38:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002019 name: Dermacentor reticulatus def: "A hard tick of Genus Dermacentor with the species designation of reticulatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the ornate cow tick. Occurs in Europe and Asia.\nVector of:\nAnaplasma ovis\nBabesia caballi\nBabesia canis\nBabesia divergens\nBabesia ovis\nCoxiella burnetii\nFrancisella tularensis\nOmsk hemorrhagic fever virus\nRickettsia conorii\nRickettsia sibirica\nRickettsia slovaca\nTheileria equi\nTheileria ovis\ntick-borne encephalitis virus" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, PMID:7393142, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] synonym: "Dermacentor pictus" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:57047 is_a: VSMO:0002619 ! Dermacentor created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T08:48:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002020 name: Dermacentor silvarum def: "A hard tick of Genus Dermacentor with the species designation of silvarum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Europe and Asia.\n\nVector of:\nAnaplasma ovis\nBabesia caballi\nBabesia canis\nBabesia ovis\nRickettsia heilongjiangensis\nRickettsia sibirica\nTheileria equi\nTheileria ovis\nSuspected vector of:\nPowassan virus" [ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] synonym: "Dermacentor coreus Itagaki, Noda and Yamaguchi" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:543639 is_a: VSMO:0002619 ! Dermacentor created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T08:48:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002021 name: Haemaphysalis concinna def: "A hard tick of Genus Haemaphysalis with the species designation of concinna.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the relict tick. Occurs in Europe and Asia. \n\nVector of:\nFrancisella tularensis\nPowassan virus\nRickettsia sibirica\ntick-borne encephalitis virus\nSuspected vector of:\nRickettsia heilongjiangensis" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, PMID:7393142, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Haemaphysalis filippovae Bolotin" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:523089 is_a: VSMO:0002621 ! Haemaphysalis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T08:54:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002022 name: Haemaphysalis flava def: "A hard tick of Genus Haemaphysalis with the species designation of flava.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia. \nVector of:\nFrancisella tularensis\nRickettsia japonica\nSuspected vector of:\nHepatozoon canis" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] xref: NCBITaxon:181088 is_a: VSMO:0002621 ! Haemaphysalis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T08:56:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002023 name: Haemaphysalis japonica def: "A hard tick of Genus Haemaphysalis with the species designation of japonica.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nRickettsia sibirica" [ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] is_a: VSMO:0002621 ! Haemaphysalis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T08:57:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002024 name: Haemaphysalis leachi def: "A hard tick of Genus Haemaphysalis with the species designation of leachi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the yellow dog tick. Occurs in Africa and Asia. \nVector of:\nBabesia canis\nCoxiella burnetii\nRickettsia conorii" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] xref: NCBITaxon:44385 is_a: VSMO:0002621 ! Haemaphysalis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T08:58:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002025 name: Haemaphysalis spinigera def: "A hard tick of Genus Haemaphysalis with the species designation of spinigera.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nKyasanur Forest disease virus\nLangat virus\ntick-borne encephalitis virus" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, PMID:16710839, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0002621 ! Haemaphysalis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T09:02:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002027 name: determination of vertebrate movement pattern def: "Tracking to determine how individual vertebrates use the landscape.\n\nCOMMENT:\nCan be achieved, for example, using telemetry with radio-collared animals." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000037 ! organism based assay relationship: OBO_REL:part_of VSMO:0000192 ! vertebrate host surveillance created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T09:27:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002028 name: measure relating to aggregate of vertebrates def: "Quality, in the form of a measure, which refers to a group of vertebrates." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: snap:Quality ! quality created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T09:33:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002034 name: abundance estimate for adult arthropods based on mark-recapture def: "Abundance estimate for adult arthropods off-host, which quantifies their relative number based on mark-recapture or mark-release-recapture." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000405 ! abundance estimate for adult arthropods off-host created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T10:04:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002038 name: combined feeding and gonotrophic status of insect def: "Quality of individual arthropod which defines the basic combined feeding and gonotrophic status of a female insect.\n\nCOMMENT:\nPractical and often used classification." [VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000203 ! quality of individual arthropod created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T10:59:14Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002039 name: Sella's stage I def: "Unfed; with collapsed abdomen and ovaries occupying one third of the abdomen." [ISBN:9241700130, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000211 ! Sella's stage created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T11:06:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002040 name: Sella's stage II def: "Freshly fed; with bright red blood and ovaries occupying 2-3 segments ventrally and 4 dorsally." [ISBN:9241700130, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000211 ! Sella's stage created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T11:06:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002041 name: Sella's stage III-IV def: "Half-gravid; with dark red blood and ovaries occupying 4-5 segments ventrally and 6 dorsally." [ISBN:9241700130, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000211 ! Sella's stage created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T11:06:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002042 name: Sella's stage V def: "Sub-gravid; with blood greatly reduced and dark in color and ovaries occupying most of abdomen." [ISBN:9241700130, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000211 ! Sella's stage created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T11:06:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002043 name: Sella's stage VI-VII def: "Gravid; with blood completely digested or present only as a black trace or line." [ISBN:9241700130, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0000211 ! Sella's stage created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T11:06:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002044 name: Hyalomma asiaticum def: "A hard tick of Genus Hyalomma with the species designation of asiaticum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the small asiatic hyalomma. Includes the subspecies Hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum, Hyalomma asiaticum caucasicum and Hyalomma asiaticum kozlovi. Occurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nRickettsia mongolotimonae\nRickettsia sibirica\nTheileria annulata" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] xref: NCBITaxon:266040 is_a: VSMO:0002622 ! Hyalomma created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T11:14:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002045 name: Rickettsia mongolotimonae def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of mongolotimonae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (Mongolian tick typhus) in humans. Occurs in Asia." [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:] synonym: "Rickettsia sibirica subsp. mongolitimonae " EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:45261 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002044 ! Hyalomma asiaticum created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T11:16:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002046 name: Hyalomma marginatum def: "A hard tick of Genus Hyalomma with the species designation of marginatum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIncludes the subspecies Hyalomma marginatum marginatum, Hyalomma marginatum rufipes, and Hyalomma marginatum isaaci. Occurs in Europe, Africa, and Asia. \nVector of: \nAnaplasma marginale\nBabesia caballi\nBabesia canis\nBabesia occultans\nBabesia ovis\nCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus\nDugbe virus\nFrancisella tularensis\nKyasanur Forest disease virus\nOmsk hemorrhagic fever virus\nRickettsia aeschlimannii\nRickettsia conorii\nTheileria equi" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, PMID:16710839, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Hyalomma rufipes" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:34627 is_a: VSMO:0002622 ! Hyalomma created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T11:18:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002047 name: Ixodes granulatus def: "A hard tick of Genus Ixodes with the species designation of granulatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nLangat virus\nRickettsia conorii\nRickettsia honei" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:59647 is_a: VSMO:0002620 ! Ixodes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T11:22:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002048 name: Ixodes ovatus def: "A hard tick of Genus Ixodes with the species designation of ovatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nFrancisella tularensis\nRickettsia japonica\ntick-borne encephalitis virus\nSuspected vector of:\nBorrelia burgdorferi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] synonym: "Ixodes siamensis Kitaoka and Suzuki" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:59652 is_a: VSMO:0002620 ! Ixodes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T11:28:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002049 name: Rhipicephalus pumilio def: "A hard tick of Genus Rhipicephalus with the species designation of pumilio.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nCoxiella burnetii\nCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus \nFrancisella tularensis\nRickettsia conorii" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] xref: NCBITaxon:127007 is_a: VSMO:0002623 ! Rhipicephalus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T11:51:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002050 name: Rhipicephalus turanicus def: "A hard tick of Genus Rhipicephalus with the species designation of turanicus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa and Asia.\nVector of:\nCoxiella burnetii\nRickettsia conorii\nRickettsia massiliae\nTheileria equi" [ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:34633 is_a: VSMO:0002623 ! Rhipicephalus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T11:52:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002051 name: Haemaphysalis turturis def: "A hard tick of Genus Haemaphysalis with the species designation of turturis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nKyasanur Forest disease virus\ntick-borne encephalitis virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, PMID:16710839, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0002621 ! Haemaphysalis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T12:04:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002052 name: Dermacentor taiwanensis def: "A hard tick of Genus Dermacentor with the species designation of taiwanensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nRickettsia japonica" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:1555812384\:, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] is_a: VSMO:0002619 ! Dermacentor created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T12:37:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002053 name: Rickettsia massiliae def: "A bacterium of Genus Rickettsia with the species designation of massiliae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nTransmitted by hard ticks. Causes disease (tick-borne spotted fever) in humans. Occurs in Europe and Africa." [ISBN:1555812384\:] xref: NCBITaxon:35791 is_a: VSMO:0001716 ! Rickettsia relationship: OBO_REL:has_role VSMO:0000310 ! bacterial hard tick borne pathogen of human relationship: OBO_REL:has_vector VSMO:0002050 ! Rhipicephalus turanicus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-20T12:45:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002054 name: Rhipicephalus annulatus def: "A hard tick of Genus Rhipicephalus with the species designation of annulatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the Texas cattle fever tick. Belongs to the subgenus Boophilus. Occurs worldwide.\nVector of:\nAnaplasma marginale\nBabesia bigemina\nBabesia bovis\nBorrelia theileri" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:14570115, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Boophilus annulatus Say" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:34611 is_a: VSMO:0002623 ! Rhipicephalus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-23T12:07:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002055 name: Rhipicephalus microplus def: "A hard tick of Genus Rhipicephalus with the species designation of microplus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the tropical cattle tick or southern cattle tick. Belongs to the subgenus Boophilus. Occurs worldwide.\nVector of:\nAnaplasma marginale\nBabesia bigemina \nBabesia bovis\nBorrelia theileri\nCoxiella burnetii\nTheileria equi" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Boophilus microplus Canestrini" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:6941 is_a: VSMO:0002623 ! Rhipicephalus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-23T12:12:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002056 name: Rhipicephalus decoloratus def: "A hard tick of Genus Rhipicephalus with the species designation of decoloratus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the African blue tick. Belongs to the subgenus Boophilus. Occurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nAnaplasma marginale\nBabesia bigemina\nBabesia ovis\nBabesia trautmanni\nBorrelia theileri" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780851989693, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115] synonym: "Boophilus decoloratus Koch" EXACT [] synonym: "Boophilus florae Santos Dias" EXACT [] synonym: "Boophilus scheepersi Santos Dia" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:60189 is_a: VSMO:0002623 ! Rhipicephalus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-23T12:17:56Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002058 name: Rhipicephalus geigyi def: "A hard tick of Genus Rhipicephalus with the species designation of geigyi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nBelongs to the subgenus Boophilus. Occurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nBabesia bigemina \nBabesia bovis" [ISBN:1402014139, PMID:14570115] synonym: "Boophilus geigyi Aeschlimann and Morel" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:136141 is_a: VSMO:0002623 ! Rhipicephalus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-23T12:26:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002061 name: Dermacentor nitens def: "A hard tick of Genus Dermacentor with the species designation of nitens.\n\nCOMMENT:\nAlso called the tropical horse tick. Occurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nAnaplasma marginale\nBabesia caballi\nTheileria equi" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] synonym: "Anocentor nitens Neumann" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:60253 is_a: VSMO:0002619 ! Dermacentor created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-23T12:51:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002062 name: Haemaphysalis bispinosa def: "A hard tick of Genus Haemaphysalis with the species designation of bispinosa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia and Australia.\nVector of:\nBabesia canis\nBabesia gibsoni\nBabesia motasi\nBabesia ovis\nTheileria equi" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] is_a: VSMO:0002621 ! Haemaphysalis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-23T12:54:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002063 name: Hyalomma detritum def: "A hard tick of Genus Hyalomma with the species designation of detritum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIncludes the subspecies Hyalomma detritum detritum and Hyalomma detritum scupense. Occurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nTheileria annulata" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115] synonym: "Hyalomma scupense Schulze" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:572043 is_a: VSMO:0002622 ! Hyalomma created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-23T12:59:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002064 name: Amblyomma gemma def: "A hard tick of Genus Amblyomma with the species designation of gemma.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nEhrlichia ruminantium\nTheileria mutans" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0002618 ! Amblyomma created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-23T01:03:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002065 name: Rhipicephalus zambesiensis def: "A hard tick of Genus Rhipicephalus with the species designation of zambesiensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nTheileria parva\nTheileria taurotragi" [ISBN:0195084314, ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html] is_a: VSMO:0002623 ! Rhipicephalus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-23T01:06:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002068 name: Amblyomma cohaerens def: "A hard tick of Genus Amblyomma with the species designation of cohaerens.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nEhrlichia ruminantium\nTheileria mutans" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0002618 ! Amblyomma created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T01:04:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002069 name: Rhipicephalus simus def: "A hard tick of Genus Rhipicephalus with the species designation of simus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nAnaplasma centrale\nAnaplasma marginale\nRickettsia conorii\nTheileria parva" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9781405119641, PMID:14570115, URI:http\://www.kolonin.org/1.html, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:72861 is_a: VSMO:0002623 ! Rhipicephalus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T01:31:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002074 name: Rhodnius prolixus def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Rhodnius with the species designation of prolixus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Central America and South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1984, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Conorhinus limosus Walker (part)" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:13249 is_a: VSMO:0002577 ! Rhodnius created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T02:38:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002075 name: Panstrongylus lignarius def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Panstrongylus with the species designation of lignarius.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Panstrongylus herreri Wygodzinsky" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma lignarius Walker" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:156445 is_a: VSMO:0002576 ! Panstrongylus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T02:48:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002076 name: Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Panstrongylus with the species designation of rufotuberculatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Central America and South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1984, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Lamus rufotuberculatus Champion" EXACT [] synonym: "Mestor rufotuberculatus Usinger" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma coxo-rufa Campos" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma rufotuberculata Neiva" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:156443 is_a: VSMO:0002576 ! Panstrongylus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T02:48:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002077 name: Rhodnius pallescens def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Rhodnius with the species designation of pallescens.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Central America and South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1984, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Rhodnius dunni Pinto" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:72489 is_a: VSMO:0002577 ! Rhodnius created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T02:50:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002078 name: Rhodnius ecuadoriensis def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Rhodnius with the species designation of ecuadoriensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Rhodnius pallescens Cornejo (not Rhodnius pallescens Barber)" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:69252 is_a: VSMO:0002577 ! Rhodnius created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T02:50:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002079 name: Panstrongylus chinai def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Panstrongylus with the species designation of chinai.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Panstrongylus turpiali Valderrama" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma chinai Del Ponte" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:156444 is_a: VSMO:0002576 ! Panstrongylus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T02:51:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002080 name: Triatoma pallidipennis def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Triatoma with the species designation of pallidipennis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Meccus pallidipennis Stal" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma phyllosoma pallidipennis Usinger" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma phyllosoma usingeri Mazzotti (part)" RELATED [] xref: NCBITaxon:30077 is_a: VSMO:0002578 ! Triatoma created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T02:53:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002081 name: Triatoma phyllosoma def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Triatoma with the species designation of phyllosoma.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1984, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Conorhinus phyllosoma Burmeister" EXACT [] synonym: "Meccus phyllosomus Stal" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:98662 is_a: VSMO:0002578 ! Triatoma created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T02:53:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002082 name: Triatoma maculata def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Triatoma with the species designation of maculata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1984, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Conorhinus immaculata Patton & Cragg" EXACT [] synonym: "Conorhinus maculatus Erichson" EXACT [] synonym: "Conorhinus maculatus Schomburgk" EXACT [] synonym: "Conorhinus maculatus Stal" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:162380 is_a: VSMO:0002578 ! Triatoma created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T02:53:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002083 name: Triatoma carrioni def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Triatoma with the species designation of carrioni.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] is_a: VSMO:0002578 ! Triatoma created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T02:53:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002084 name: Triatoma guasayana def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Triatoma with the species designation of guasayana.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] xref: NCBITaxon:65346 is_a: VSMO:0002578 ! Triatoma created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T02:53:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002085 name: Triatoma patagonica def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Triatoma with the species designation of patagonica.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Triatoma gallardoi Carpintero" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:162379 is_a: VSMO:0002578 ! Triatoma created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T02:53:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002086 name: Triatoma sordida def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Triatoma with the species designation of sordida.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Conorhinus sordidus Stal" EXACT [] synonym: "Eutriatoma sordida Pinto" EXACT [] synonym: "Triatoma garciabesi Carcavallo" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:65349 is_a: VSMO:0002578 ! Triatoma created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T02:53:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002087 name: Triatoma pseudomaculata def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Triatoma with the species designation of pseudomaculata.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:1402014139, Ryckman_RE:1986, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] synonym: "Triatoma pseudomaculata minasensis Espinola" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:162376 is_a: VSMO:0002578 ! Triatoma created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T02:57:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002089 name: Triatoma barberi def: "A reduviid bug of Genus Triatoma with the species designation of barberi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nTrypanosoma cruzi" [ISBN:1402014139, Ryckman_RE:1984, URI:http\://eclat.fcien.edu.uy/, URI:http\://hdl.handle.net/2246/1282] xref: NCBITaxon:133191 is_a: VSMO:0002578 ! Triatoma created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T02:58:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002091 name: Glossina brevipalpis def: "A tsetse fly of Genus Glossina with the species designation of brevipalpis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of :\nTrypanosoma brucei\nTrypanosoma congolense\nTrypanosoma simiae\nTrypanosoma suis" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:37001 is_a: VSMO:0002572 ! Glossina created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T03:18:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002092 name: Glossina fusca def: "A tsetse fly of Genus Glossina with the species designation of fusca.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIncludes the subspecies Glossina fusca fusca and Glossina fusca congolensis. Occurs in Africa.\nVector of :\nTrypanosoma congolense\nTrypanosoma simiae\nTrypanosoma uniforme" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] is_a: VSMO:0002572 ! Glossina created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T03:18:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002093 name: Glossina fuscipes def: "A tsetse fly of Genus Glossina with the species designation of fuscipes.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIncludes the subspecies Glossina fuscipes fuscipes, Glossina fuscipes martinii, and Glossina fuscipes quanzensis. Occurs in Africa.\nVector of :\nTrypanosoma brucei\nTrypanosoma congolense\nTrypanosoma uniforme\nTrypanosoma vivax" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:7396 is_a: VSMO:0002572 ! Glossina created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T03:18:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002094 name: Glossina longipalpis def: "A tsetse fly of Genus Glossina with the species designation of longipalpis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of :\nTrypanosoma brucei\nTrypanosoma simiae\nTrypanosoma uniforme" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] is_a: VSMO:0002572 ! Glossina created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T03:18:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002095 name: Glossina morsitans def: "A tsetse fly of Genus Glossina with the species designation of morsitans.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIncludes the subspecies Glossina morsitans morsitans, Glossina morsitans centralis and Glossina morsitans submorsitans. Occurs in Africa.\nVector of :\nTrypanosoma brucei\nTrypanosoma congolense\nTrypanosoma simiae\nTrypanosoma vivax" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:7394 is_a: VSMO:0002572 ! Glossina created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T03:18:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002096 name: Glossina pallidipes def: "A tsetse fly of Genus Glossina with the species designation of pallidipes.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of :\nTrypanosoma brucei\nTrypanosoma congolense\nTrypanosoma simiae\nTrypanosoma uniforme" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:7398 is_a: VSMO:0002572 ! Glossina created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T03:18:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002097 name: Glossina palpalis def: "A tsetse fly of Genus Glossina with the species designation of palpalis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nIncludes the subspecies Glossina palpalis palpalis and Glossina palpalis gambiensis. Occurs in Africa.\nVector of :\nTrypanosoma brucei\nTrypanosoma congolense\nTrypanosoma simiae\nTrypanosoma uniforme\nTrypanosoma vivax" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:7397 is_a: VSMO:0002572 ! Glossina created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T03:18:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002098 name: Glossina swynnertoni def: "A tsetse fly of Genus Glossina with the species designation of swynnertoni.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of :\nTrypanosoma brucei\nTrypanosoma congolense\nTrypanosoma simiae\nTrypanosoma suis\nTrypanosoma uniforme\nTrypanosoma vivax" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:66280 is_a: VSMO:0002572 ! Glossina created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T03:18:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002099 name: Glossina tabaniformes def: "A tsetse fly of Genus Glossina with the species designation of tabaniformes.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of :\nTrypanosoma simiae" [ISBN:9780123725004] is_a: VSMO:0002572 ! Glossina created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T03:18:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002100 name: Glossina tachinoides def: "A tsetse fly of Genus Glossina with the species designation of tachinoides.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of :\nTrypanosoma brucei\nTrypanosoma congolense\nTrypanosoma simiae\nTrypanosoma vivax" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] xref: NCBITaxon:37002 is_a: VSMO:0002572 ! Glossina created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T03:18:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002101 name: Glossina vanhoofi def: "A tsetse fly of Genus Glossina with the species designation of vanhoofi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of :\nTrypanosoma congolense\nTrypanosoma simiae\nTrypanosoma suis\nTrypanosoma vivax" [ISBN:9780123725004] is_a: VSMO:0002572 ! Glossina created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T03:18:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002102 name: Glossina fuscipleuris def: "A tsetse fly of Genus Glossina with the species designation of fuscipleuris.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of :\nTrypanosoma simiae\nTrypanosoma suis" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004] is_a: VSMO:0002572 ! Glossina created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T03:38:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002103 name: Chrysops silacea def: "A tabanid fly of Genus Chrysops with the species designation of silacea.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nLoa loa" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://books.google.com/books?id=mRw2AAAAMAAJ] is_a: VSMO:0002566 ! Chrysops created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T03:43:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002104 name: Xenopsylla cheopis def: "A flea of Genus Xenopsylla with the species designation of cheopis.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nAlso called the oriental rat flea or the tropical rat flea. Occurs worldwide.\nVector of:\nRickettsia typhi\nYersinia pestis" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, URI:http\://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/plague/WHO_CDS_CSR_EDC_99_2_EN/en/] synonym: "Loemopsylla cheopis Jordan and Rothschild" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex cheopis Rothschild" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex murinus Tiraboschi" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex philippinensis Herzog" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex tripolitanus Fulmek" EXACT [] synonym: "Xenopsylla pachyuromyidis Glinkiewicz" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:163159 is_a: VSMO:0002605 ! Xenopsylla created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-24T04:01:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002105 name: Phlebotomus longipes def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of longipes.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa. \nVector of:\nLeishmania aethiopica" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:02:43Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002106 name: Phlebotomus pedifer def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of pedifer.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa. \nVector of:\nLeishmania aethiopica" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:04:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002107 name: Phlebotomus alexandri def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of alexandri.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa, Asia, and Europe. \nVector of:\nLeishmania donovani\nLeishmania infantum\nLeishmania killicki\nLeishmania major" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] synonym: "Phlebotomus borovskii Khodukin & Softer" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:94477 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:05:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002108 name: Phlebotomus celiae def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of celiae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa. \nVector of:\nLeishmania donovani" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:06:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002109 name: Phlebotomus martini def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of martini.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa. \nVector of:\nLeishmania donovani" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:07:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002110 name: Phlebotomus orientalis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of orientalis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa and the Middle East. \nVector of:\nLeishmania donovani" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:99786 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:08:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002111 name: Phlebotomus brevis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of brevis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia and Europe. \nVector of:\nLeishmania infantum" [ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] synonym: "Phlebotomus ismailicus Perfil'ev " EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:882005 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:10:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002112 name: Phlebotomus chinensis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of chinensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia. \nVector of:\nLeishmania infantum" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:641374 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:10:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002113 name: Phlebotomus halepensis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of halepensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia. \nVector of:\nLeishmania infantum\nLeishmania major\nLeishmania tropica" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:447275 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:11:41Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002114 name: Phlebotomus kandelakii def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of kandelakii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia. \nVector of:\nLeishmania infantum" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:1109342 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:12:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002115 name: Phlebotomus langeroni def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of langeroni.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Afrcia. \nVector of:\nLeishmania infantum" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:99781 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:12:40Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002116 name: Phlebotomus longicuspis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of longicuspis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa and Europe. \nVector of:\nLeishmania infantum" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:99785 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:13:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002117 name: Phlebotomus neglectus def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of neglectus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa, Asia, and Europe. \nVector of:\nLeishmania infantum" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:85758 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:14:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002118 name: Phlebotomus perfiliewi def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of perfiliewi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia and Europe. \nVector of:\nLeishmania infantum\nsandfly fever virus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] synonym: "Phlebotomus macedonicus Adler & Theodor" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:59275 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:14:55Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002119 name: Phlebotomus perniciosus def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of perniciosus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa, Europe, and the Middle East. \nVector of:\nLeishmania infantum\nsandfly fever virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:13204 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:15:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002120 name: Phlebotomus tobbi def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of tobbi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia and Europe. \nVector of:\nLeishmania infantum" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] synonym: "Phlebotomus pirumovi Burakova & Mirzayan" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:33402 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:18:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002121 name: Phlebotomus transcaucasicus def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of transcaucasicus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia. \nVector of:\nLeishmania infantum" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:18:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002122 name: Phlebotomus chaubadi def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of chaubadi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa and Europe. \nVector of:\nLeishmania killicki\nLeishmania tropica" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:20:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002123 name: Phlebotomus ansarii def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of ansarii.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nLeishmania major" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:447271 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:22:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002124 name: Phlebotomus caucasicus def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of caucasicus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia and Europe.\nVector of:\nLeishmania major" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] synonym: "Phlebotomus grimmi Porchinski" EXACT [] synonym: "Phlebotomus selectus Khodukin" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:406284 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:22:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002125 name: Phlebotomus duboscqi def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of duboscqi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa. \nVector of:\nLeishmania infantum\nLeishmania major" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] synonym: "Phlebotomus fourtoni Floch & Abonnenc" EXACT [] synonym: "Phlebotomus roubaudi Newstead" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:37738 is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:23:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002126 name: Phlebotomus aculeatus def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of aculeatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa. \nVector of:\nLeishmania aethiopica\nLeishmania tropica" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:27:52Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002127 name: Phlebotomus guggisbergi def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Phlebotomus with the species designation of guggisbergi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa. \nVector of:\nLeishmania tropica" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002562 ! Phlebotomus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:28:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002128 name: Lutzomyia olmeca def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of olmeca.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas. \nVector of:\nLeishmania chagasi\nLeishmania mexicana\nLeishmania pifanoi\nLeishmania venezuelensis" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:715919 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:30:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002129 name: Lutzomyia carrerrai def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of carrerrai.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America and Central America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] synonym: "Sergentomyia pessoanus Barretto " EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:32:07Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002130 name: Lutzomyia ovallesi def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of ovallesi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas. \nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis\nLeishmania guyanensis" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:186736 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:34:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002131 name: Lutzomyia panamensis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of panamensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas. \nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis\nLeishmania colombiensis\nLeishmania panamensis" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:34:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002132 name: Lutzomyia paraensis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of paraensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis\nLeishmania naiffi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:36:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002133 name: Lutzomyia spinicrassa def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of spinicrassa.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008] xref: NCBITaxon:186738 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:37:06Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002134 name: Lutzomyia trinidadensis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of trinidadensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America and the Caribbean. \nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496] xref: NCBITaxon:195535 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:37:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002135 name: Lutzomyia wellcomei def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of wellcomei.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:38:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002136 name: Lutzomyia yucumensis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of yucumensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:38:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002137 name: Lutzomyia evansi def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of evansi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America and Central America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania chagasi\nLeishmania infantum" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:417437 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:39:31Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002138 name: Lutzomyia youngi def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of youngi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America and Central America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania braziliensis\nLeishmania garnhami\nSuspected vector of:\nLeishmania pifanoi" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:85762 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:42:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002139 name: Lutzomyia ubiquitalis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of ubiquitalis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America and Central America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania lainsoni" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] synonym: "Phlebotomus cauchensis Floch & Abonnenc " EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:43:47Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002140 name: Lutzomyia anthophora def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of anthophora.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania mexicana" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:44:49Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002141 name: Lutzomyia ayacuchensis def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of ayacuchensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America. \nVector of:\nLeishmania mexicana\nLeishmania peruviana" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:252632 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:46:03Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002142 name: Lutzomyia christophei def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of christophei.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Caribbean. \nVector of:\nLeishmania mexicana" [ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:47:28Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002143 name: Lutzomyia squamiventris def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of squamiventris.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nLeishmania naiffi" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:48:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002144 name: Lutzomyia verrucarum def: "A phlebotomine sandfly of Genus Lutzomyia with the species designation of verrucarum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nBartonella bacilliformis\nLeishmania peruviana" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9789241209496, Sharma:2008, URI:http\://www.sandflycatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:114598 is_a: VSMO:0002561 ! Lutzomyia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T01:52:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002145 name: Anopheles bwambae def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of bwambae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0340807377, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: NCBITaxon:42896 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T02:11:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002146 name: Anopheles pauliani def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of pauliani.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40003563 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T02:11:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002147 name: Anopheles barbirostris def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of barbirostris.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nBrugia malayi\nBrugia timori\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, PMID:21612587, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles barbirostris ssp. innominata Stoker and Waktoedi" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles martini Laveran" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000041 xref: NCBITaxon:112267 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T02:14:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002148 name: Anopheles kweiyangensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of kweiyangensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nBrugia malayi\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40000118 xref: NCBITaxon:138535 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T02:16:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002150 name: Anopheles vagus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of vagus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles albino Stoker and Waktoedi" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles immaculata James" EXACT [] synonym: "Anopheles immaculatus Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Myzomyia flavescens Swellengrebel" EXACT [] synonym: "Myzomyia indefinita var. flava Swellengrebel" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003618 xref: NCBITaxon:142887 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T02:23:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002151 name: Aedes niveus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of niveus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nWuchereria bancrofti\nSuspected vector of:\ndengue virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:19941975, Rodhain:1997, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40000649 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T02:24:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002152 name: Aedes harinasutai def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of harinasutai.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia.\nVector of:\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:19941975, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] xref: MIRO:40000747 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T02:25:10Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002153 name: Aedes futunae def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of futunae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Australia and the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Stegomyia futunae" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000557 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T02:54:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002154 name: Aedes pseudoscutellaris def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of pseudoscutellaris.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nchikungunya virus\nWuchereria bancrofti\nSuspected vector of:\ndengue virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, Rodhain:1997, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp] synonym: "Stegomyia pseudoscutellaris" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000612 xref: NCBITaxon:316597 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T02:55:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002155 name: Aedes tabu def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of tabu.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Stegomyia tabu" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000634 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T02:56:14Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002156 name: Aedes tongae def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of tongae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nWuchereria bancrofti\nSuspected vector of:\ndengue virus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, Rodhain:1997, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Stegomyia tongae" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000635 xref: NCBITaxon:316598 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T02:56:50Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002157 name: Aedes upolensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of upolensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Pacific Islands.\nVector of:\nWuchereria bancrofti" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Stegomyia upolensis" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000638 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T02:57:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002158 name: Simulium sirbanum def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of sirbanum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMember of the Simulium damnosum complex. Occurs in Africa. \nVector of:\nOnchocerca ochengi\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Simulium soderense Hadis, Wilson, Cobblah & Boakye" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium sudanense Vajime & Dunbar" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:37167 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:01:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002159 name: Simulium rasyani def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of rasyani.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMember of the Simulium damnosum complex. Occurs in the Middle East. \nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] xref: NCBITaxon:174148 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:01:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002160 name: Simulium dieguerense def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of dieguerense.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMember of the Simulium damnosum complex. Occurs in Africa. \nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:02:19Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002161 name: Simulium sanctipauli def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of sanctipauli.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMember of the Simulium sanctipauli complex. Occurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nOnchocerca ochengi\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] xref: NCBITaxon:37166 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:03:14Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002162 name: Simulium soubrense def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium in Family Simuliidae (Africa). Member of the Simulium sanctipauli complex.\n\nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] xref: NCBITaxon:47413 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:03:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002163 name: Simulium leonense def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of leonense.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMember of the Simulium sanctipauli complex. Occurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] xref: NCBITaxon:37339 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:03:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002164 name: Simulium konkourense def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of konkourense.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMember of the Simulium sanctipauli complex. Occurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] synonym: "Simulium kulfoense Hadis, Wilson, Cobblah & Boakye" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:04:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002165 name: Simulium squamosum def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of squamosum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMember of the Simulium squamosum complex. Occurs in Africa. \nVector of:\nOnchocerca ochengi\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Simulium kitetense Elsen & Post" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:37341 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:04:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002166 name: Simulium yahense def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of yahense.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMember of the Simulium squamosum complex. Occurs in Africa. \nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] xref: NCBITaxon:37342 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:05:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002167 name: Simulium mengense def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of mengense.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] xref: NCBITaxon:174147 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:05:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002168 name: Simulium kilibanum def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of kilibanum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] xref: NCBITaxon:102900 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:05:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002169 name: Simulium neavei def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of neavei.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMember of the Simulium neavei complex. Occurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] synonym: "Simulium renauxi Wanson & Lebied" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:102904 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:06:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002170 name: Simulium woodi def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of woodi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nMember of the Simulium neavei complex. Occurs in Africa. \nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Simulium ethiopense" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium woodi ethiopense" RELATED [] is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:06:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002172 name: Simulium albivirgulatum def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of albivirgulatum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] synonym: "Simulium albovirgulatum" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:07:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002173 name: Simulium ochraceum def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of ochraceum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America and Central America.\nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] synonym: "Simulium antillarum Jennings" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium bipunctatum Malloch" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium pseudoantillarum Ramírez-Pérez & Vulcano" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium scutellatum Lane & Porto" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:08:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002174 name: Simulium metallicum def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of metallicum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] synonym: "Simulium avidum Hoffmann," EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium nitidum Malloch" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium riveti Roubaud" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium versicolor Lutz & Nuñes Továr," EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium violacescens Enderlein," EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:08:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002175 name: Simulium callidum def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of callidum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America and Central America.\nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] synonym: "Simulium costaricense Smart" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium costarricense Vargas" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium mooseri Dampf" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium rufidorsum Enderlein" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:09:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002176 name: Simulium exiguum def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of exiguum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nMansonella ozzardi\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] synonym: "Simulium delpontei Paterson & Shannon" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium glaucophthalmum Knab" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium urubambanum Enderlein" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:09:57Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002177 name: Simulium guianense def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of guianense.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nMansonella ozzardi\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] synonym: "Simulium ortizi Ramírez-Pérez" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium pintoi d'Andretta & d'Andretta" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:445764 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:10:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002178 name: Simulium incrustatum def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of incrustatum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] synonym: "Simulium aequifurcatum Lutz" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium opalinifrons Enderlein" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium yarzabali Ramírez-Pérez" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:10:38Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002179 name: Simulium oyapockense def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of oyapockense.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus\nSuspected vector of:\nMansonella ozzardi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] synonym: "Simulium cuasisanguineum Ramírez-Pérez, Yarzábal & Peterson" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium pseudoamazonicum Ramírez-Pérez & Peterson" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium pseudosanguineum Ramírez-Pérez & Peterson" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium sanchezi Ramírez-Pérez, Yarzábal & Peterson" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:191064 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:11:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002180 name: Simulium quadrivittatum def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of quadrivittatum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America and the Caribbean.\nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] synonym: "Simulium benjamini Dalmat" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium fairchildi Vargas" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium mallochi Enderlein" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:11:36Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002181 name: Simulium limbatum def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of limbatum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nOnchocerca volvulus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] synonym: "Simulium machadoallisoni Vulcano" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium machadoi Ramírez-Pérez" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium meruoca Nunes de Mello, Barbosa de Almeida & Dellome Filho" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:445769 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:12:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002182 name: Culicoides austeni def: "A biting midge of Genus Culicoides with the species designation of austeni.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nMansonella perstans\nMansonella streptocerca" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://www.inhs.illinois.edu/research/FLYTREE/CeratopogonidaeCatalog.pdf] is_a: VSMO:0002573 ! Culicoides created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:20:29Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002183 name: Simulium amazonicum def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of amazonicum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in South America.\nVector of:\nMansonella ozzardi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] synonym: "Simulium tallaferroae Ramírez-Pérez" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium amazonense Lutz" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:21:20Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002184 name: Simulium ornatum def: "A blackfly of Genus Simulium with the species designation of ornatum.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa. \nVector of:\nOnchocerca gutturosa\nOnchocerca lienalis\nOnchocerca ochengi" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY__NEW_VERSION_2009.pdf] synonym: "Simulium albifrons Rubtsov" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium amnis Rubtsov" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium anderliceki Baranov" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium apenninicum Rivosecchi" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium arensae Rubtsov" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium babici Baranov" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium barense Baranov" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium bartulici Baranov" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium borcici Baranov" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium brevicorne Rubtsov" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium crassitarse Macquart" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium curvifila Rivosecchi" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium fasciatum Meigen" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium guelminoi Baranov" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium hibernale Rivosecchi" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium hibernale Rubtsov" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium konsuloffi Enderlein" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium nikolici Baranov" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium oblimatum Odintsov" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium pratorum Friederichs" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium primum Baranov" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium secundum Baranov" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium tibiale Macquart" EXACT [] synonym: "Simulium zagrebiense Baranov" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:304233 is_a: VSMO:0002565 ! Simulium created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:24:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002185 name: Anopheles punctipennis def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of punctipennis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nCache Valley virus\nDirofilaria immitis\nJamestown Canyon virus\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Anopheles punctipennis var. stonei Vargas" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex hyemalis Fitch" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex punctipennis Say" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40003439 xref: NCBITaxon:102899 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:26:12Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002186 name: Anopheles bradleyi def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of bradleyi.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nDirofilaria immitis" [ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Anopheles crucians var. bradleyi King" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000047 xref: NCBITaxon:49917 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:29:54Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002187 name: Aedes sollicitans def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of sollicitans.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America and the Caribbean.\nVector of:\nCache Valley virus\nDirofilaria immitis\neastern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nRift Valley fever virus\nVenezuelan equine encephalitis virus\nWest Nile virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:14651460, PMID:15691009, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex sollicitans Walker)" EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus sollicitans" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001138 xref: NCBITaxon:310513 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:33:11Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002188 name: Aedes sticticus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of sticticus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America and Europe.\nVector of:\nDirofilaria immitis\nTahyna virus" [ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp] synonym: "Aedes aldrichi Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes gonimus Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes paradiantaeus Apfelbeck " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes vinnipegensis Dyar " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex aestivalis Dyar " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex concinnus Stephens " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex hirsuteron Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex nemorosus var. dorso-vittatus Villeneuve " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex nigripes var. sylvae Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex pretans Grossbeck " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex sticticus Meigen" EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus lesnei Seguy " EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus sticticus" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001144 xref: NCBITaxon:120878 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:34:04Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002189 name: Aedes stimulans def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of stimulans.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nDirofilaria immitis\nJamestown Canyon virus\nPlasmodium gallinaceum\nsnowshoe hare virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Aedes stimulans classicus Dyar " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes stimulans mississippii Dyar " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex stimulans Walker" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicada subcantans Felt " EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus stimulans" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001146 xref: NCBITaxon:228919 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:36:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002190 name: Aedes excrucians def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of excrucians.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America and Europe.\nVector of:\nDirofilaria immitis\nRift Valley fever virus" [ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Aedes dytes Martini " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes sansoni Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex abfitchii Felt " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex excrucians Walker" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex siphonalis Grossbeck" EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus excrucians" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001033 xref: NCBITaxon:329103 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:37:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002191 name: Aedes sierrensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of sierrensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nDirofilaria immitis\nWest Nile virus" [ISBN:1402014139, PMID:15691009, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ochlerotatus sierrensis" EXACT [] synonym: "Taeniorhynchus sierrensis Ludlow" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001134 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:40:25Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002192 name: Culex salinarius def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of salinarius.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America and the Caribbean.\nVector of:\nDirofilaria immitis\neastern equine encephalomyelitis virus\nPlasmodium hermani\nWest Nile virus\nSuspected vector of:\nSt. Louis encephalitis virus" [ISBN:1402014139, PMID:15691009, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] xref: MIRO:40002661 xref: NCBITaxon:38743 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:43:39Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002193 name: Ctenocephalides felis def: "A flea of Genus Ctenocephalides with the species designation of felis.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nAlso called the cat flea. Occurs worldwide.\nVector of:\nBartonella henselae\nRickettsia felis\nRickettsia typhi\nYersinia pestis" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ceratophyllus rufulus Weyenbergh" EXACT [] synonym: "Ctenocephalus enneodus Kolenati" EXACT [] synonym: "Ctenocephalus felis Bouche" EXACT [] synonym: "Ctenocephalus murina Tiraboschi" EXACT [] synonym: "Ctenocephalus musculus Sugimoto" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex cati Megnin" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex concoloris Weyenbergh" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex nasuae Weyenbergh" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex obscurus Weyenbergh" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex serraticeps Gervais" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:7515 is_a: VSMO:0002587 ! Ctenocephalides created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:49:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002194 name: Pulex irritans def: "A flea of Genus Pulex with the species designation of irritans.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nAlso called the human flea. Occurs worldwide.\nVector of:\nRickettsia typhi\nYersinia pestis" [ISBN:1402014139, PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, URI:http\://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/plague/WHO_CDS_CSR_EDC_99_2_EN/en/] synonym: "Pulex bahiensis Cunha" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex conepati Cunha" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex fulva Ioff" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex hominis Duges" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex orientalis Kishida" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex vulgaris De Geer" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:173820 is_a: VSMO:0002607 ! Pulex created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:56:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002195 name: Xenopsylla astia def: "A flea of Genus Xenopsylla with the species designation of astia.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in Africa and Asia. \nVector of:\nRickettsia typhi\nYersinia pestis" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/plague/WHO_CDS_CSR_EDC_99_2_EN/en/] is_a: VSMO:0002605 ! Xenopsylla created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:58:22Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002196 name: Xenopsylla brasiliensis def: "A flea of Genus Xenopsylla with the species designation of brasiliensis.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in Africa, Asia, and South America. \nVector of:\nRickettsia typhi\nYersinia pestis" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693, URI:http\://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/plague/WHO_CDS_CSR_EDC_99_2_EN/en/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Alaopsylla vigetus Rothschild" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex brasiliensis Baker" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002605 ! Xenopsylla created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T03:59:00Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002197 name: Echidnophaga gallinaceus def: "A flea of Genus Echidnophaga with the species designation of gallinaceus.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs worldwide.\nVector of:\nRickettsia typhi\nYersinia pestis" [ISBN:1402014139, PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Echidnophaga gallinacea" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex pullulorum Johnson" EXACT [] synonym: "Sarcopsylla erinacea Weiss" EXACT [] synonym: "Sarcopsyllus gallinaceus Westwood" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002592 ! Echidnophaga created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T04:01:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002198 name: Nosopsyllus fasciatus def: "A flea of Genus Nosopsyllus with the species designation of fasciatus.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs worldwide.\nVector of:\nRickettsia typhi\nYersinia pestis" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ceratophyllus californicus Baker" EXACT [] synonym: "Ceratophyllus canadensis Baker" EXACT [] synonym: "Ceratophyllus endymionis Rothschild" EXACT [] synonym: "Ceratophyllus oculatus Baker" EXACT [] synonym: "Nosopsyllus paganus Peus" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex fasciatus Bosc" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex furoris Dale" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex talpae Bouche" RELATED [] xref: NCBITaxon:1038824 is_a: VSMO:0002599 ! Nosopsyllus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-26T04:02:45Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002199 name: Leptopsylla segnis def: "A flea of Genus Leptopsylla with the species designation of segnis.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nAlso called the European mouse flea. Occurs worldwide.\nVector of:\nRickettsia typhi\nYersinia pestis" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780851989693, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ctenophthalmus bidentatus Kolenati" EXACT [] synonym: "Ctenophthalmus quadridentatus Kolenati" EXACT [] synonym: "Leptopsylla musculi Jordan and Rothschild" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex musculi Duges" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex segnis Schonherr" EXACT [] synonym: "Typhlopsylla mexicana Baker" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:360617 is_a: VSMO:0002593 ! Leptopsylla created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T07:54:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002200 name: Aetheca wagneri def: "A flea of Genus Aetheca with the species designation of wagneri.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Aetheca peromysci Stewart" EXACT [] synonym: "Ceratophyllus ophidius Jordan" EXACT [] synonym: "Ceratophyllus systaltus Jordan" EXACT [] synonym: "Monopsyllus kylei Hubbard" EXACT [] synonym: "Monopsyllus wagneri" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:173773 is_a: VSMO:0002581 ! Aetheca created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T07:57:44Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002201 name: Eumolpianus eumolpi def: "A flea of Genus Eumolpianus with the species designation of eumolpi.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ceratophyllus eumolpi Rothschild" EXACT [] synonym: "Monopsyllus canadensis Hubbard" EXACT [] synonym: "Monopsyllus eumolpi" EXACT [] synonym: "Trichopsylla eumolpi" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:507051 is_a: VSMO:0002590 ! Eumolpianus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:00:15Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002202 name: Epitedia wenmanni def: "A flea of Genus Epitedia with the species designation of wenmanni.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ctenophthalmus wenmanni Rothschild," EXACT [] synonym: "Neopsylla leslor Rothschild" EXACT [] synonym: "Neopsylla similis Chapin" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:173793 is_a: VSMO:0002589 ! Epitedia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:01:32Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002203 name: Hoplopsyllus anomalus def: "A flea of Genus Hoplopsyllus with the species designation of anomalus.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, URI:http\://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/plague/WHO_CDS_CSR_EDC_99_2_EN/en/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Pulex anomalus Baker" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:270846 is_a: VSMO:0002588 ! Hoplopsyllus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:02:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002204 name: Hystrichopsylla linsdalei def: "A flea of Genus Hystrichopsylla with the species designation of linsdalei.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, VSMO:Authors] is_a: VSMO:0002595 ! Hystrichopsylla created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:02:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002205 name: Malaraeus telchinum def: "A flea of Genus Malaraeus with the species designation of telchinum.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ceratophyllus telchinum Rothschild" EXACT [] synonym: "Trichopsylla telchinum Ewing & Fox" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002596 ! Malaraeus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:03:05Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002206 name: Megabothris abantis def: "A flea of Genus Megabothris with the species designation of abantis.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ceratophyllus abantis Rothschild" EXACT [] synonym: "Megabothris adversus Wagner" EXACT [] synonym: "Trichopsylla abantis Ewing & Fox" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:506910 is_a: VSMO:0002597 ! Megabothris created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:03:30Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002207 name: Opisodasys nesiotis def: "A flea of Genus Opisodasys with the species designation of nesiotis.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm] synonym: "Opisodasys nesiotus" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002601 ! Opisodasys created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:03:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002208 name: Thrassis acamantis def: "A flea of Genus Thrassis with the species designation of acamantis.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm] synonym: "Ceratophyllus acamantis Rothschild" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002608 ! Thrassis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:04:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002209 name: Thrassis arizonensis def: "A flea of Genus Thrassis with the species designation of arizonensis.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm] synonym: "Ceratophyllus arizonensis littoris Jordan" EXACT [] synonym: "Ceratophyllus proximus Baker" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex arizonensis Baker" EXACT [] synonym: "Thrassis desertorum Stewart" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002608 ! Thrassis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:05:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002210 name: Thrassis bacchi def: "A flea of Genus Thrassis with the species designation of bacchi.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm] synonym: "Ceratophyllus bacchi Rothschild" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:173838 is_a: VSMO:0002608 ! Thrassis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:05:46Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002211 name: Thrassis fotus def: "A flea of Genus Thrassis with the species designation of fotus.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm] synonym: "Ceratophyllus citelli Stewart" EXACT [] synonym: "Ceratophyllus fotus Jordan" EXACT [] synonym: "Thrassis brennani Augustson" EXACT [] synonym: "Thrassis princei Hubbard" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002608 ! Thrassis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:06:17Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002212 name: Thrassis francisi def: "A flea of Genus Thrassis with the species designation of francisi.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm] synonym: "Ceratophyllus francisi C. Fox" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002608 ! Thrassis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:06:33Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002213 name: Thrassis pandorae def: "A flea of Genus Thrassis with the species designation of pandorae.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275] is_a: VSMO:0002608 ! Thrassis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:06:58Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002214 name: Polygenis gwyni def: "A flea of Genus Polygenis with the species designation of gwyni.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm] synonym: "Rhopalopsyllus gwyni C. Fox" EXACT [] synonym: "Rhopalopsyllus sigmodoni Stewart" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002604 ! Polygenis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:07:34Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002215 name: Pleochaetis exilis def: "A flea of Genus Pleochaetis with the species designation of exilis.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Megabothris exilis Jordan" EXACT [] synonym: "Monopsylllls opadus Jordan" EXACT [] synonym: "Monopsylllls triptus Jordan" EXACT [] synonym: "Monopsyllus kansensis Hubbard" EXACT [] synonym: "Trichopsylla exilis Ewing & Fox" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002602 ! Pleochaetis created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:08:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002216 name: Orchopeus sexdentatus def: "A flea of Genus Orchopeus with the species designation of sexdentatus.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, URI:http\://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/plague/WHO_CDS_CSR_EDC_99_2_EN/en/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ceratophyllus sexdentatus Baker" EXACT [] synonym: "Orchopeas reevesi Vargas" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002603 ! Orchopeus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:08:26Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002217 name: Oropsylla bruneri def: "A flea of Genus Oropsylla with the species designation of bruneri.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ceratophyllus saundersi Jordan" EXACT [] synonym: "Pulex bruneri Baker" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002600 ! Oropsylla created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:11:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002218 name: Oropsylla hirsuta def: "A flea of Genus Oropsylla with the species designation of hirsuta.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, URI:http\://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/plague/WHO_CDS_CSR_EDC_99_2_EN/en/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Oropsylla hirsutus" RELATED [] synonym: "Pulex hirsutus Baker" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:483075 is_a: VSMO:0002600 ! Oropsylla created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:11:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002219 name: Oropsylla idahoensis def: "A flea of Genus Oropsylla with the species designation of idahoensis.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ceratophyllus bertholfi Fox" EXACT [] synonym: "Ceratophyllus idahoensis Baker" EXACT [] synonym: "Ceratophyllus poeantis Rothschild" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002600 ! Oropsylla created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:11:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002220 name: Oropsylla labis def: "A flea of Genus Oropsylla with the species designation of labis.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ceratophyllus labis Jordan and Rothschild" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002600 ! Oropsylla created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:11:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002221 name: Oropsylla montana def: "A flea of Genus Oropsylla with the species designation of montana.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, URI:http\://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/plague/WHO_CDS_CSR_EDC_99_2_EN/en/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ceratophyllus acutus Baker" EXACT [] synonym: "Ceratophyllus mandarinus Jordan and Rothschild" EXACT [] synonym: "Diamanus hopkinsi Vargas" EXACT [] synonym: "Diamanus montanus " EXACT [] synonym: "Oropsylla montanus" RELATED [] synonym: "Pulex montanus Baker" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:483034 is_a: VSMO:0002600 ! Oropsylla created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:11:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002222 name: Oropsylla rupestris def: "A flea of Genus Oropsylla with the species designation of rupestris.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ceratophyllus rupestris Jordan" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002600 ! Oropsylla created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:11:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002223 name: Oropsylla tuberculata def: "A flea of Genus Oropsylla with the species designation of tuberculata.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nYersinia pestis" [PMID:19645275, URI:http\://www.nearctica.com/nomina/main.htm, URI:http\://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/plague/WHO_CDS_CSR_EDC_99_2_EN/en/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Ceratophyllus tuberculatus Baker" EXACT [] synonym: "Opisocrostis ornatus I. Fox" EXACT [] synonym: "Opisocrostis tuberculatus cynomuris Jellison" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:670711 is_a: VSMO:0002600 ! Oropsylla created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:11:18Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002224 name: Ceratophyllus anisus def: "A flea of Genus Ceratophyllus with the species designation of anisus.\n\nCOMMENTS:\nOccurs worldwide.\nVector of:\nRickettsia typhi" [VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Monopsyllus anisus Rothschild," EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002584 ! Ceratophyllus created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:13:21Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002225 name: Coquillettidia linealis def: "A mosquito of Genus Coquillettidia with the species designation of linealis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Australia.\nVector of:\nBarmah Forest virus\nGan Gan virus\nRoss River virus\nWest Nile virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, PMID:18973445, PMID:9673928, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Culex linealis Skuse" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002335 is_a: VSMO:0000680 ! Coquillettidia created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:26:42Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002226 name: Anopheles amictus def: "A mosquito of Genus Anopheles with the species designation of amictus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Australia.\nVector of:\nBarmah Forest virus\nPlasmodium (human malaria parasites)\nRoss River virus\nSindbis virus\nWest Nile virus (Kunjin virus serotype)" [ISBN:1402014139, PMID:9673928, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:59117 is_a: VSMO:0000584 ! Anopheles created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:28:23Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002227 name: Aedes camptorhynchus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of camptorhynchus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Australia.\nVector of:\nBarmah Forest virus\nKokobera virus\nRoss River virus\nSindbis virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:9673928, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Culex camptorhynchus Thomson" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex labeculosus Coquillett " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicada annulipes Taylor " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicada inornata Strickland " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicada nigra Taylor" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicada victoriensis Taylor " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicelsa westralis Strickland " EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus camptorhynchus" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000995 xref: NCBITaxon:644619 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:32:09Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002228 name: Aedes vittatus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of vittatus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa, Asia, and Europe.\nVector of:\nchikungunya virus\ndengue virus\nSetaria digitata\nyellow fever virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:16913829, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex vittatus Bigot" EXACT [] synonym: "Reedomyia albopunctata " EXACT [] synonym: "Stegomyia brumpti" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000450 xref: NCBITaxon:317808 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:38:08Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002229 name: Aedes bromeliae def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of bromeliae.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nyellow fever virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:16913829, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Stegomyia bromeliae" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000534 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:39:01Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002230 name: Culex stigmatosoma def: "A mosquito of Genus Culex with the species designation of stigmatosoma.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America and Central America.\nVector of:\nSt. Louis encephalitis virus\nWest Nile virus\nwestern equine encephalomyelitis virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:15691009, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Culex eumimetes Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40002682 is_a: VSMO:0000557 ! Culex created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T08:53:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002231 name: Aedes circumluteolus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of circumluteolus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nBunyamwera virus\nBwamba virus\nRift Valley fever virus\nWesselsbron virus\nZika virus (Spondweni virus)" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, URI:http\://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbocat/index.asp, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Banksinella luteolateralis var. circumluteolus Theobald" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000477 xref: NCBITaxon:503349 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T10:25:51Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002232 name: Aedes pembaensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of pembaensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa.\nVector of:\nBunyamwera virus\nSetaria digitata" [ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Phagomyia mutica Enderlein " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000516 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T10:27:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002233 name: Aedes tahoensis def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of tahoensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nCalifornia encephalitis virus\nJamestown Canyon virus" [ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Ochlerotatus tahoensis" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001153 xref: NCBITaxon:767025 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T10:30:24Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002235 name: Aedes punctor def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of punctor.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America, Europe and Asia.\nVector of:\nJamestown Canyon virus\nsnowshoe hare virus" [ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Aedes meigenanus Dyar " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex fusculus Zetterstedt " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex implacabilis Walker " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex punctor Kirby" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex wahlgreni Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicada nemorosa f. alineata Schneider " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicada nemorosa f. haplolineata Schneider " EXACT [] synonym: "Culicelsa auroides Felt " EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus punctor" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001114 xref: NCBITaxon:46209 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T10:32:53Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002236 name: Aedes hendersoni def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of hendersoni.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America.\nVector of:\nLa Crosse virus" [ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Ochlerotatus hendersoni" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001188 xref: NCBITaxon:104516 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T10:34:13Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002237 name: Aedes caspius def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of caspius.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa, Asia, and Europe.\nVector of:\nRift Valley fever virus\nSetaria labiatopapillosa\nTahyna virus\nWest Nile virus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/, VSMO:Authors] synonym: "Aedes epsilonn Seguy " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes grahami Ludlow " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes quaylei Dyar and Knab " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex arabicus Becker " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex caspius Pallas" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex curriei Coquillett " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex lativittatus Coquillett " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex maculiventris Macquart " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex onondagensis Felt " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex penicillaris Rondani " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex punctatus Meigen " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex siculus Robineau-Desvoidy " EXACT [] synonym: "Grabhamia broquetii Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Grabhamia longisquamosa Theobald" EXACT [] synonym: "Grabhamia subtilis Sergent and Sergent " EXACT [] synonym: "Grabhamia willcocksii Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Mansonia arabica Giles " EXACT [] synonym: "Taeniorhynchus africanus Neveu-Lemaire " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40001001 xref: NCBITaxon:120870 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T10:35:48Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002238 name: Aedes cinereus def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of cinereus.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in North America, Asia, and Europe.\nSuspected vector of:\nSindbis virus\nTahyna virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Aedes fuscus Osten Sacken " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes hemiteleus Dyar " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes leucopygos Eysell " EXACT [] synonym: "Aedes rufus Gimmerthal " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex nigritulus Zetterstedt " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex pallidohirta Grossbeck " EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000255 xref: NCBITaxon:120872 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T10:36:37Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002239 name: Aedes cantans def: "A mosquito of Genus Aedes with the species designation of cantans.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Asia and Europe.\nSuspected vector of:\nTahyna virus" [ISBN:1402014139, URI:http\://www.mosquitocatalog.org/] synonym: "Aedes subvexans Martini " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex cantans Meigen" EXACT [] synonym: "Culex reptans Meigen " EXACT [] synonym: "Culex waterhousei Theobald " EXACT [] synonym: "Ochlerotatus cantans" EXACT [] xref: MIRO:40000998 xref: NCBITaxon:120869 is_a: VSMO:0000582 ! Aedes created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T10:37:16Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002240 name: Culicoides paraensis def: "A biting midge of Genus Culicoides with the species designation of paraensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nMansonella ozzardi\nOropouche virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, ISBN:9780851989693, PMID:10761580, URI:http\://www.inhs.illinois.edu/research/FLYTREE/CeratopogonidaeCatalog.pdf] synonym: "Culicoides undecimpunctatus Kieffer" EXACT [] is_a: VSMO:0002573 ! Culicoides created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T10:39:59Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002241 name: Culicoides variipennis def: "A biting midge of Genus Culicoides with the species designation of variipennis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas.\nVector of:\nAfrican horse sickness virus\nAkabane virus\nbluetongue virus\nepizootic hemorrhagic disease virus\nMansonella ozzardi\nOnchocerca cervicalis\nvesicular stomatitis virus" [ISBN:0851994733, ISBN:1402014139, PMID:10761580, URI:http\://www.inhs.illinois.edu/research/FLYTREE/CeratopogonidaeCatalog.pdf, VSMO:Authors] xref: NCBITaxon:46212 is_a: VSMO:0002573 ! Culicoides created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T10:50:27Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002242 name: Culicoides sonorensis def: "A biting midge of Genus Culicoides with the species designation of sonorensis.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in the Americas. \nVector of:\nAfrican horse sickness virus\nbluetongue virus\nepizootic hemorrhagic disease virus\nOnchocerca cervicalis\nvesicular stomatitis virus" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, URI:http\://www.inhs.illinois.edu/research/FLYTREE/CeratopogonidaeCatalog.pdf] synonym: "Culicoides albertensis Wirth and Jones" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicoides australis Wirth and Jones" EXACT [] xref: NCBITaxon:179676 is_a: VSMO:0002573 ! Culicoides created_by: leisen creation_date: 2012-01-27T10:57:14Z [Term] id: VSMO:0002243 name: Culicoides oxystoma def: "A biting midge of Genus Culicoides with the species designation of oxystoma.\n\nCOMMENT:\nOccurs in Africa, Asia and Australia. \nVector of:\nbluetongue virus\nPalyam virus\nSuspected vector of:\nAkabane virus\nShuni virus (Aino virus)" [ISBN:1402014139, ISBN:9780123725004, PMID:10761580, URI:http\://www.culicoides.net/, URI:http\://www.inhs.illinois.edu/research/FLYTREE/CeratopogonidaeCatalog.pdf] synonym: "Culicoides alatus Das Gupta and Ghosh" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicoides housei Causey" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicoides kiefferi Patton" EXACT [] synonym: "Culicoides mesopotamiensis Patton" E