{
"nbformat": 4,
"nbformat_minor": 0,
"metadata": {
"colab": {
"name": "3.1 Anna's Music Box.ipynb",
"provenance": [],
"collapsed_sections": [],
"toc_visible": true,
"include_colab_link": true
},
"kernelspec": {
"name": "python3",
"display_name": "Python 3"
}
},
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "view-in-github",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"![\"Open](\"https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg\")
"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "O7kM5PfeDEIZ",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"# Anna's Music Box\n",
"*Rule-based* systems can be cumbersome to write and reason through, often involving complex, branching logical control flow *if/then* structures and large sets of rules. In a **parametric** model, by comparison, musical features — such as rhythm, melody, harmony, or even \"interestingness\" — are expressed with numerical values, often between 0 and 1, called *parameters*. In this notebook, we'll reverse engineer Larry Polansky's *Anna's Music Box* and code a few musical parameters to represent features of melody and rhythm. \n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "6Qu7Gaq06RRJ",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"## Setup"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "FHFbn3VtHx2U",
"colab_type": "code",
"colab": {}
},
"source": [
"# install external libraries\n",
"from IPython.display import clear_output\n",
"!pip install -q git+https://github.com/davidkant/mai#egg=mai;\n",
"!apt-get -qq update\n",
"!apt-get -qq install -y libfluidsynth1\n",
"clear_output()"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "3Wv7_phw2qXj",
"colab_type": "code",
"colab": {}
},
"source": [
"# imports\n",
"import mai\n",
"import random"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "LZSicJEi4-bb",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"## (1) Rhythm: Pulse\n",
"How would you express the concept of *rhythm* as a value between `0.0` and `1.0`? In AMB, two parameters `pulse` and `rhythm` together determine the timing of notes. Let's see if we can reverse engineer how they work.\n",
"\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "fcqOi-95qzbD",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
" Music often has a recurring *beat* — it's what you clap your hands to or tap your foot along with. *Pulse* is the speed, or duration, of that beat, and it is generally measured in \"beats per minute\" (*bpm*). In AMB, the parameter `pulse` determines the basic note duration in bpm."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "4K61Poey1QDT",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"**Exercise:** Let's write an expression to compute the note duration (in seconds) given a value of `pulse` (in bpm). This is done by dividing the number of seconds in a minute, `60`, by number of beats per minute, `pulse`."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "qEtxI-wMoe5A",
"colab_type": "code",
"outputId": "30603640-a993-4089-8e78-2ce79239f7a6",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 34
}
},
"source": [
"# parameters\n",
"pulse = 240\n",
"\n",
"# duration in seconds\n",
"60 / pulse"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"0.25"
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
},
"execution_count": 3
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "7fDKa-jO3dJM",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"Now let's generate a sequence of notes with with duration determined by `pulse`. What does it sound like? We have an even sequence of note durations, or a steady pulse. Try changing the `pulse` value."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "xeDpCWld3nu2",
"colab_type": "code",
"colab": {}
},
"source": [
"# start with an empty list\n",
"my_durs = []\n",
"\n",
"# loop until we have enough notes\n",
"while len(my_durs) < 16:\n",
"\n",
" # choose duration\n",
" new_dur = 60 / pulse\n",
" \n",
" # append to the melody\n",
" my_durs += [new_dur]"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "2o9KjXOp3sB3",
"colab_type": "code",
"outputId": "42f64836-a217-49f3-bf90-9a63c44884cc",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 268
}
},
"source": [
"# let's see it\n",
"mai.make_music_plot(pitches=60, durs=my_durs)\n",
"\n",
"# let's hear it\n",
"mai.make_music(pitches=60, durs=my_durs, is_drum=True)"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "display_data",
"data": {
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EROTO4XVFxYy0onJzlNEalNEalNEalPHmr90e/cm0IiIiYloqKiIiImJaKioiIiJiWioq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\nKODuu+9uccwq89h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"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
}
},
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/html": [
"\n",
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
},
"execution_count": 5
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "neXzdaEErCFZ",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"## (1) Rhythm: Variation\n",
"But in many forms of music, notes are not all the same duration. In AMB, this variation in duration is what Polansky means by rhythm, and is quantified as *amount of deviation from the pulse*. Let's modify the previous cell to add a random deviation to this steady pulse. We'll need a new random number generator, `random.uniform()`, which gives a random *floating point* number."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "yJRt8yMxrizU",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"**Exercise:** Given values for `pulse` and `rhythm`, let's write an expression to generate note durations that randomly deviate from the `pulse` duration according to the value of `rhythm`. "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "zQx3HM1WBWI_",
"colab_type": "code",
"outputId": "f15206d7-6917-4fe8-8d11-bdc42338bc15",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 34
}
},
"source": [
"# parameters\n",
"pulse = 240\n",
"rhythm = 1\n",
"\n",
"# duration in seconds\n",
"duration = 60.0 / pulse\n",
"\n",
"# random variation in duration\n",
"duration * random.uniform(1 - rhythm, 1 + rhythm)"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"0.04090916824629198"
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
},
"execution_count": 6
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "r6Gx4e5ZzTuy",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"Note that we use `(1 - rhythm, 1 + rhythm)` to generate a random number within a given range, both above and below, of the vaue `1`. We then multiply by the pulse `duration` because we want the variation to be proportional to the pulse."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "gLtzWslAvjbK",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"Now let's generate a sequence of notes with with duration determined by both `pulse` and `rhythm`. What does it sound like? Try changing the parameter values."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "uxdumh0lUU73",
"colab_type": "code",
"colab": {}
},
"source": [
"# start with an empty list\n",
"my_durs = []\n",
"\n",
"# loop until we have enough notes\n",
"while len(my_durs) < 12:\n",
"\n",
" # choose duration\n",
" new_dur = (60.0 / pulse) * random.uniform(1 - rhythm, 1 + rhythm)\n",
"\n",
" # append to the melody\n",
" my_durs += [new_dur]"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "-ce9pw7_UWlJ",
"colab_type": "code",
"outputId": "0f92a8db-7be6-4d6f-b612-6983f15c710a",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 268
}
},
"source": [
"# let's see it\n",
"mai.make_music_plot(pitches=60, durs=my_durs)\n",
"\n",
"# let's hear it\n",
"mai.make_music(pitches=60, durs=my_durs, is_drum=True)"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "display_data",
"data": {
"image/png": 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vv/22nnvuuQ5106dP1/Tp0/Xee+8pODhYs2bNUmlpqSIiuu6u/PUyrXRjOsObATmYyMFE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\nRU5ErkJggg==\n",
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
}
},
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/html": [
"\n",
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
},
"execution_count": 8
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "gtojMM89tIrq",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"A `rhythm` value of `0` produces a steady pulse, and a `rhythm` value of `1` produces uneven rhythms. This gives us an entire *continuum* of rhythms, spanning everything in between!"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "cgSh3Roo5W_q",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"## (2) Pitch\n",
"How about pitch? How would you express *pitch* as a value between `0` and `1`? In AMB, the two parameters `pitch` and `range` together determine the possible pitches, expressed in terms of a center pitch and range above and below that center pitch."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "lJBDtc9xwrfl",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"**Exercise:** Given values for `pitch_center` and `pitch_range`, let's write an expression to choose a random pitch. Remember, the two values inside the parenthesis determined the mininum and maximum value of `random.randint(0,127)`."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "KYU6rHn14vTb",
"colab_type": "code",
"outputId": "a62f4638-df33-4e7f-ff64-ca07e1cb138d",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 34
}
},
"source": [
"# parameters\n",
"pitch_center = 60\n",
"pitch_range = 6 \n",
"\n",
"# choose pitch\n",
"random.randint(pitch_center - pitch_range, pitch_center + pitch_range)"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"62"
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
},
"execution_count": 9
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "oLud7Oi4589_",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"Note that we again use the construction `(pitch_center - pitch_range, pitch_center + pitch_range)` to generate a value within a given range of a center value."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "RPv9X2MKyZvk",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"Let's try it. Add pitch the previous `while` loop --- now we're choosing pitch as well as duration. Our list of parameters is growing..."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "r0G75zvdVuMJ",
"colab_type": "code",
"colab": {}
},
"source": [
"# start with empty lists for both pitch and duration\n",
"my_pitches = []\n",
"my_durs = []\n",
"\n",
"# loop until we have enough notes\n",
"while len(my_durs) < 24:\n",
"\n",
" # choose pitch\n",
" new_pitch = random.randint(pitch_center - pitch_range, pitch_center + pitch_range)\n",
" \n",
" # choose duration\n",
" new_dur = (60.0 / pulse) * random.uniform(1 - rhythm, 1 + rhythm)\n",
" \n",
" # append to the melody\n",
" my_pitches += [new_pitch]\n",
" my_durs += [new_dur]"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "BW0BK9NvV44A",
"colab_type": "code",
"outputId": "9e02d71d-bb1b-432e-beff-2306846d513d",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 268
}
},
"source": [
"# let's see it\n",
"mai.make_music_plot(pitches=my_pitches, durs=my_durs)\n",
"\n",
"# let's hear it\n",
"mai.make_music(pitches=my_pitches, durs=my_durs, is_drum=False)"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "display_data",
"data": {
"image/png": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAhYAAADCCAYAAAAVd4vDAAAABHNCSVQICAgIfAhkiAAAAAlwSFlz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\nwBiKBQAAMIZiAQAAjKFYAAAAY/4XOsp7lNUFQZEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
}
},
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/html": [
"\n",
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
},
"execution_count": 11
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "BSskgAvE55yK",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"## (3) De-tuning\n",
"I thought it'd be fun to add a parameter called `detune` to control microtonal pitch inflections, since I like them so much."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "FX2Ag6pC9NVl",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"**Exercise:** Given a value for `detune` , let's write an expression to adjust the chosen pitch up to plus/minus one semitone (`+/-1.0`)."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "lnZ1LVhr57PO",
"colab_type": "code",
"outputId": "dc5aa14f-4702-45c4-b1d9-eb4ed0bf737a",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 34
}
},
"source": [
"# parameter\n",
"detune = 1.0\n",
"\n",
"# given a pitch\n",
"pitch = 60\n",
"\n",
"# microtronal pitch adjustment\n",
"random.uniform(pitch - detune, pitch + detune)"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"60.733581739169"
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
},
"execution_count": 12
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "QVUCZQI-91FH",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"And add it to the `while` loop."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "i5VfF1z0Wrzg",
"colab_type": "code",
"colab": {}
},
"source": [
"# start with empty lists for both pitch and duration\n",
"my_pitches = []\n",
"my_durs = []\n",
"\n",
"# loop until we have enough notes\n",
"while len(my_durs) < 24:\n",
"\n",
" # choose pitch\n",
" new_pitch = random.randint(pitch_center - pitch_range, pitch_center + pitch_range)\n",
" \n",
" # microtonal pitch adjustment \n",
" new_pitch = random.uniform(new_pitch - detune, new_pitch + detune)\n",
" \n",
" # choose duration\n",
" new_dur = (60.0 / pulse) * random.uniform(1 - rhythm, 1 + rhythm)\n",
"\n",
" # append to the melody\n",
" my_pitches += [new_pitch]\n",
" my_durs += [new_dur]"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "YnfEj0amWux4",
"colab_type": "code",
"outputId": "df4d18fe-50f0-4a51-c7e5-d7e7e93c9b76",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 268
}
},
"source": [
"# let's see it\n",
"mai.make_music_plot(pitches=my_pitches, durs=my_durs)\n",
"\n",
"# let's hear it\n",
"mai.make_music(pitches=my_pitches, durs=my_durs, is_drum=False)"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "display_data",
"data": {
"image/png": 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"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
}
},
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/html": [
"\n",
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
},
"execution_count": 14
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "LH5e0PuyFaTh",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"## (4) Repeat\n",
"AMB has a parameter called `repeat` which controls the \"interesting-ness\" of the melody. I think this is pretty cool, because we're no longer quantifying lower level musical features like which notes and which durations, but thinking about higher level music concepts, like what even makes something interesting? In this case, \"interestingness\" has to do with how much the melody repeats itself.\n",
"\n",
"In AMB, `repeat` controls the likelihood that the critter looks back and repeats a recent note. Believe it or not, there's more than one way to do this... Let's say that if the critter decides to look back 8 notes it takes and repeats the value of the eighth previous note."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "OmDC-uBTAYk4",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"**Exercise:** Given a value for `repeat`, we'll use an `if` statement to control the likelihood that the melody repeats itself. Use `random.random()` which generates a random floating point number between `0` and `1`.\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "DGNN3pDPFetd",
"colab_type": "code",
"outputId": "8cc20eee-6922-452a-b939-71b4f069304e",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 34
}
},
"source": [
"# parameter\n",
"repeat = 0.7\n",
"\n",
"# let's say this is our music thus far\n",
"my_music = [60, 62, 64, 64, 64, 66, 64, 60]\n",
"\n",
"# do we look back or choose a brand new pitch?\n",
"if random.random() <= repeat:\n",
"\n",
" # take the fifth previous note\n",
" pitch = my_music[-8]\n",
"\n",
"print(pitch)"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"60\n"
],
"name": "stdout"
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "xBLqunuWFhM7",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"Note that we want to use a *less than or equal to* sign `<=` (not a greater than or equal to sign)!"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "L24J_bJzB_Ee",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"And add it to the `while` loop."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "9kpw8IPoYxKE",
"colab_type": "code",
"colab": {}
},
"source": [
"# start with empty lists for both pitch and duration\n",
"my_pitches = []\n",
"my_durs = []\n",
"\n",
"# loop until we have enough notes\n",
"while len(my_durs) < 16:\n",
"\n",
" # do we look back?\n",
" if random.random() <= repeat and len(my_pitches) >= 8:\n",
" \n",
" # use the fifth previous note\n",
" new_pitch = my_pitches[-8]\n",
" new_dur = my_durs[-8]\n",
" \n",
" # if we don't look back\n",
" else:\n",
" \n",
" # choose pitch\n",
" new_pitch = random.randint(pitch_center - pitch_range, pitch_center + pitch_range)\n",
"\n",
" # microtonal pitch adjustment \n",
" new_pitch = random.uniform(new_pitch - detune, new_pitch + detune)\n",
"\n",
" # choose duration\n",
" new_dur = (60.0 / pulse) * random.uniform(1 - rhythm, 1 + rhythm)\n",
"\n",
" # append to the melody\n",
" my_pitches += [new_pitch]\n",
" my_durs += [new_dur]"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "lNs7FNfQKE3B",
"colab_type": "code",
"outputId": "adba2923-4c32-4ff3-d6b2-b2f6723bef1f",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 268
}
},
"source": [
"# let's see it\n",
"mai.make_music_plot(pitches=my_pitches, durs=my_durs)\n",
"\n",
"# let's hear it\n",
"mai.make_music(my_pitches, durs=my_durs, pgm=1)"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "display_data",
"data": {
"image/png": 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"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
}
},
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/html": [
"\n",
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
},
"execution_count": 17
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "GCRBoQyrZQNd",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"## Many many parameters\n",
"At this point we've accumulated quite a few musical parameters — for rhythm, pitch, tuning, and interestingness. The neat thing about parametric models is all of the different combinations of parameter values describe different musical systems. Let's put them all together in one place. Try adjusting a few parameters below and see what comes out."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "kMeAPmMtZYdK",
"colab_type": "code",
"colab": {}
},
"source": [
"# parameters\n",
"pitch_center = 60 # center pitch \n",
"pitch_range = 6 # variation in pitch\n",
"pulse = 240 # in bpm beats per minute\n",
"rhythm = 1 # percent of variation around the pulse\n",
"detune = 0.5 # amount of microtonal inflection\n",
"repeat = 0.85 # probability of repeat or interestingness"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "aTThTa0L1YbU",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"## Functions\n",
"At this point I'm pretty tired of copy and pasting that giant `while` loop, so what can we do about it? The answer: **functions**. Functions allow us to reuse code. We'll put the code that we want to reuse — e.g., that huge `while` loop — inside a function defintion. Then, when we call the function name, Python will exectue the code inside. This allows us to reuse the same code without having to rewrite it every time.\n",
"\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "8LdGKTmvPQ52",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"The function `amb` is already defined for us in the class code package, just write `mai.amb()` and you can run AMB in just one line of code! Functions are central concept in programming and we'll learn more about them in the next Tutorial. But first, a few key concepts.\n",
"\n",
"1. Funtions have *arguments* — the values written between the parenthesis `()` — and we'll use them to set the values of the AMB parameters.\n",
"\n",
"2. Functions can return values. In our case, `amb` will return two lists, one for pitches and one for durations."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "KKkNFOg2RyH5",
"colab_type": "code",
"colab": {}
},
"source": [
"# run AMB\n",
"my_pitches, my_durs = mai.amb(pitch_center=60, \n",
" pitch_range=12, \n",
" pulse=240, \n",
" rhythm=0.3, \n",
" detune=0.3, \n",
" repeat=0.7, \n",
" memory=5, \n",
" length=40)"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "n5j81UMqYuVZ",
"colab_type": "code",
"outputId": "f808f662-3dee-47a4-fb1a-69e22435ff1a",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 268
}
},
"source": [
"# let's see it\n",
"mai.make_music_plot(pitches=my_pitches, durs=my_durs)\n",
"\n",
"# let's hear it\n",
"mai.make_music(my_pitches, durs=my_durs, pgm=1, is_drum=False)"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "display_data",
"data": {
"image/png": 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"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
}
},
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/html": [
"\n",
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
},
"execution_count": 20
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "u8PvGTY_Jeq2",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"## How many jelly beans are in the jar?\n",
"These might seem like an odd question, but how many *different* musics can you find by turning those parameter values? Let's use a random search to help answer the question. Choose some random parameter settings and see what we get."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "4nu90QvBRm0P",
"colab_type": "code",
"outputId": "506a98e8-36f4-47aa-8420-e15cd3725819",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 408
}
},
"source": [
"# choose parameters\n",
"pitch_center = random.randint(24, 99) # pitch in MIDI pitch value \n",
"pitch_range = random.randint(1, 36) # variation in MIDI pitch value\n",
"pulse = random.randint(40, 480) # in bpm beats per minute\n",
"rhythm = random.uniform(0, 1) # percent of variation around the pulse\n",
"detune = random.uniform(0, 1) # amount of microtonal inflection\n",
"repeat = random.uniform(0, 1) # probability of repeat\n",
"memory = random.randint(0, 10) # how far back to look\n",
"pgm = random.randint(0, 127) # instrument sound\n",
"\n",
"# print random parameters\n",
"print(\"RANDOM PARAMETERS!\")\n",
"print(\"- pitch center:\", pitch_center)\n",
"print(\"- pitch range:\", pitch_range)\n",
"print(\"- pulse:\", pulse)\n",
"print(\"- rhythm:\", rhythm)\n",
"print(\"- detune:\", detune)\n",
"print(\"- repeat:\", repeat)\n",
"print(\"- memory:\", memory)\n",
"\n",
"# run AMB\n",
"my_pitches, my_durs = mai.amb(pitch_center=pitch_center, pitch_range=pitch_range, pulse=pulse, rhythm=rhythm, detune=detune, repeat=repeat, memory=memory)\n",
"\n",
"# let's see it\n",
"mai.make_music_plot(pitches=my_pitches, durs=my_durs)\n",
"\n",
"# let's hear it\n",
"mai.make_music(my_pitches, durs=my_durs, pgm=pgm+1, is_drum=False)"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"RANDOM PARAMETERS!\n",
"- pitch center: 62\n",
"- pitch range: 13\n",
"- pulse: 148\n",
"- rhythm: 0.019581088737275376\n",
"- detune: 0.6259893271290293\n",
"- repeat: 0.8847835388942795\n",
"- memory: 10\n"
],
"name": "stdout"
},
{
"output_type": "display_data",
"data": {
"image/png": 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"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
}
},
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/html": [
"\n",
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
},
"execution_count": 21
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "K1_qYqIVjSSm",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"## Numerically vs Perceptually different\n",
"Yes, there are a whole lot of parameter combinations that are *numerically* different, but that doesn't mean they are *perceptually* different — that is, it doesn't means they'll actually *sound* all that different to us. This is a super important point when dealing with parametrics systems. Not every change makes a difference. We can imagine a space of all possible combinations of parameter values, but (possibly) large regions of this space are perceptually the same!\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "KGWErWjEmKlE",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"## a GUI\n",
"Think you can do better than random search by turning those knobs yourself? To make things easier, I've conveniently tucked the code away under a graphical user interface (GUI). We can forget about all the code and just worry about selecting parameters and *listening*. Adjust AMB parameters using sliders and hit run to generate music."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "H_5UmJqrJL7T",
"colab_type": "code",
"cellView": "form",
"outputId": "14fb576a-1777-468d-e43b-fe731eceaa51",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 268
}
},
"source": [
"#@title Anna's Music Box\n",
"\n",
"# choose parameters\n",
"length = 9 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:1, max:99, step:1.0}\n",
"pitch_center = 45 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:32, max:84, step:1.0}\n",
"pitch_range = 3 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:0, max:36, step:1.0}\n",
"pulse = 184 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:40, max:480, step:1.0}\n",
"rhythm = 0.73 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:0, max:1, step:0.01}\n",
"detune = 1 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:0, max:1, step:0.01}\n",
"repeat = 0.82 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:0, max:1, step:0.01}\n",
"memory = 5 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:1, max:10, step:1.0}\n",
"pgm = 22 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:1, max:128, step:1.0}\n",
"is_drums = True #@param {type:\"boolean\"}\n",
"autoplay = False #@param {type:\"boolean\"}\n",
"\n",
"# run AMB\n",
"my_pitches, my_durs = mai.amb(pitch_center=pitch_center, pitch_range=pitch_range, pulse=pulse, rhythm=rhythm, detune=detune, repeat=repeat, memory=memory, length=length)\n",
"\n",
"# let's see it\n",
"mai.make_music_plot(pitches=my_pitches, durs=my_durs)\n",
"\n",
"# let's hear it\n",
"mai.make_music(my_pitches, durs=my_durs, pgm=pgm, is_drum=is_drums, format='autoplay' if autoplay else 'inbrowser')"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "display_data",
"data": {
"image/png": 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"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
}
},
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/html": [
"\n",
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
},
"execution_count": 25
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "GY7mQ5H-UlMP",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"## Multiple Voices? Heterophony\n",
"AMB has four voices, or critters. The critters, however, are realtively independent. It's not as though one is the main voice and the other are accompaniment. This kind of a musical structure is called *heterophony*. Here's a version of AMB with multiple voices, or critters."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "JHFE7UiiUk8I",
"colab_type": "code",
"cellView": "form",
"outputId": "6ac4e394-c25b-4525-d11e-ae69df1d99a9",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 75
}
},
"source": [
"#@title Anna's Music Box\n",
"\n",
"# choose parameters\n",
"length = 18 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:1, max:99, step:1.0}\n",
"pitch_center = 52 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:32, max:84, step:1.0}\n",
"pitch_range = 36 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:0, max:36, step:1.0}\n",
"pulse = 201 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:40, max:480, step:1.0}\n",
"rhythm = 0.57 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:0, max:1, step:0.01}\n",
"detune = 0.24 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:0, max:1, step:0.01}\n",
"repeat = 1 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:0, max:1, step:0.01}\n",
"memory = 5 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:1, max:10, step:1.0}\n",
"pgm = 13 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:1, max:128, step:1.0}\n",
"num_critters = 4 #@param {type:\"slider\", min:1, max:16, step:1.0}\n",
"is_drums = False #@param {type:\"boolean\"}\n",
"autoplay = False #@param {type:\"boolean\"}\n",
"\n",
"# run AMB\n",
"my_music = [mai.amb(pitch_center=pitch_center, \n",
" pitch_range=pitch_range, \n",
" pulse=pulse, rhythm=rhythm, \n",
" detune=detune, \n",
" repeat=repeat, \n",
" memory=memory, \n",
" length=length) \n",
" for i in range(num_critters)]\n",
"\n",
"# combine multiple voices\n",
"pitches = [x[0] for x in my_music]\n",
"durs = [x[1] for x in my_music]\n",
"\n",
"# let's hear it\n",
"mai.make_music_heterophonic(pitches, durs=durs, pgm=pgm, is_drum=is_drums, format='autoplay' if autoplay else 'inbrowser')"
],
"execution_count": 0,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/html": [
"\n",
" \n",
" "
],
"text/plain": [
""
]
},
"metadata": {
"tags": []
},
"execution_count": 8
}
]
}
]
}